# N332.es - Driving In Spain

> Information in English about driving in Spain and Spanish Traffic Law

> Admin Email: mark.anthony.nolan@gmail.com


## Posts

### The Safe Way to Carry Gifts and Holiday Loads

As December arrives, Spanish roads become a patchwork of shopping trips, family visits, and festive travel. Many drivers fill their cars with presents, luggage, food, and seasonal decorations, often without realising the safety risks that come from poorly secured loads. A sudden stop or minor collision can turn loose objects into dangerous projectiles — a risk that increases significantly during winter’s busy driving period.



The Hidden Dangers of Loose Items



In a crash at just 50 km/h, any loose item inside the vehicle can become a projectile with extraordinary force. A simple laptop, handbag, or small gift can strike passengers with weight equal to several kilograms. Even sudden braking can send items rolling forward, distracting the driver or obstructing pedals.



To minimise these risks, drivers should always place heavier items in the boot and push them as far forward as possible, ideally against the rear seatbacks. Using luggage straps or cargo nets prevents movement and keeps the load stable.



Weight Distribution Matters



Overloading the rear of the vehicle can affect handling, braking distance, and headlight aim. When the rear is weighed down, headlights tilt upwards, increasing the chance of dazzling oncoming traffic — a common issue during winter nights. If carrying a heavy boot load, adjust headlight height where your vehicle allows.



Distributing weight evenly across the width of the boot and keeping the centre of gravity low helps maintain predictable steering, especially on wet or cold roads.



Inside the Cabin: Less Is Better



As tempting as it is to fill every seat with bags and boxes, the safest option is to keep the cabin clear. If you must carry items inside the car, store them in the footwells or under the seats to reduce the chance of movement. Never stack gifts or bags on the parcel shelf, as they will fly forward in a collision and obstruct rear visibility.



Coats, handbags, and small presents should be placed in the boot wherever possible, not thrown on the back seats.



Plan Ahead During the Festive Rush



December traffic often means sudden braking, slow-moving queues, and unpredictable drivers. Before setting off, take a moment to check that nothing can slide or tip over. For longer journeys, re-check the load at fuel stops — straps can loosen over time.



By loading sensibly and securing items properly, drivers can ensure that Christmas travels remain safe and stress-free. A well-packed car protects everyone inside and helps make the festive season a joyful one from start to finish.

Excerpt: Poorly secured gifts and luggage can become dangerous projectiles in winter traffic. Safe loading keeps passengers protected and ensures trouble-free festive travel across Spain.

### How “The Christmas Song (Stay Safe)” Helps Children Learn Holiday Safety – N332 for Kids

The N332 for Kids project is delighted to introduce The Christmas Song (Stay Safe), a new festive track from Trafford and Friends, performed by Tammy, Trafford’s sister. Designed for young children, the song blends Christmas excitement with easy-to-understand safety messages that families can reinforce at home.



For parents and carers, the aim is simple: to provide a friendly, memorable way for children to learn how to stay safe during the busy winter season. Christmas crowds, bright displays, late evenings, and holiday travel can all present challenges for younger children. A song that they genuinely enjoy singing can help them remember what to do.



The track encourages several practical habits. It reminds children to hold a grown-up’s hand when shopping or walking through busy areas, and reassures them that if they ever feel unsure or become separated, the right thing to do is to approach a police officer or ask a responsible adult for help. It also highlights the importance of proper recycling once the presents have been opened, and reinforces the simple but vital message that seatbelts must always be worn in the car, even on short journeys.



By playing the song at home, in the car, or during festive activities, adults can help children remember these ideas naturally. Young listeners benefit from the repetition and rhythm, while parents have an easy way to start conversations about safety in a relaxed and positive way. Talking about what the song means, or asking children to explain the ideas in their own words, can help reinforce the message further.



N332 for Kids continues to support families, schools, and community groups with clear, accessible guidance created especially for English-speaking children living in Spain. The Christmas Song (Stay Safe) joins a growing collection of themed educational tracks, from road crossings to beach safety, all built to help children learn through friendly characters and catchy melodies.



Parents and educators are welcome to share and use the song within their own settings. Additional child-friendly resources will continue to be published through N332 channels throughout the year.




https://youtu.be/Rh-fK61lI18?si=BD37cFcgf9SsC9nS

Excerpt: N332 for Kids has released a new festive safety song, sung by Tammy, to help families teach children simple but essential winter and Christmas safety habits. Here is how parents and carers can make the most of it.

### Therapeutic advances usher in a new era in the fight against pancreatic cancer

Early diagnosis, personalised therapies and new targeted drugs are marking a paradigm shift for one of the cancers with the poorest prognosis.



Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most complex tumours to diagnose and treat, but progress in recent years is opening up a more hopeful outlook for patients. This is explained by Dr Enrique de Madaria, a specialist in Digestive Diseases at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital and Quirónsalud Alicante, who emphasises that the combination of new imaging techniques, emerging biomarkers and targeted therapies “is beginning to change a disease that for a long time seemed immovable”.



Pancreatic cancer develops when cells in the pancreas start to grow uncontrollably, generally in the part responsible for producing digestive enzymes. The most common type is pancreatic adenocarcinoma.



One of the greatest challenges is achieving earlier diagnosis. Because the pancreas lies deep within the abdomen, early tumours rarely cause clear symptoms. “When signs such as abdominal pain, weight loss or jaundice appear, the disease is often already advanced,” Dr De Madaria points out. At present, nearly 80% of cases are detected when surgery is no longer possible — despite being the only treatment that can potentially cure the disease.



New tools for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer



Although there is still no effective screening programme for the general population, technological progress is enabling the detection of increasingly small suspicious lesions thanks to tools such as high-resolution MRI scans, endoscopic ultrasound, and advanced image-analysis systems based on artificial intelligence. “This is where we are seeing a qualitative leap: technology is sharpening our ability to identify incipient tumours and, in some cases, to get ahead of symptoms,” the specialist explains.



At the same time, new biomarkers are being investigated that could revolutionise early detection, including fragments of circulating tumour DNA, specific metabolites, and even signals detectable in saliva and stool samples — a line of research still in the experimental phase but especially promising.



A treatment approach that requires a multidisciplinary team



Managing pancreatic cancer calls for close coordination between gastroenterologists, surgeons, oncologists, radiologists and nutritionists. Specialists review each case in tumour boards to decide on the best therapeutic plan.



Surgery remains the only potentially curative treatment, but only a small proportion of patients are eligible for it at the time of diagnosis. In some cases that are initially inoperable, new chemotherapy regimens can shrink the tumour and make later surgery possible.



Advances in the treatment of pancreatic cancer



In recent years, medical treatment for pancreatic cancer has evolved significantly, leading to clear improvements in survival.



However, the most important breakthrough comes from personalised medicine. Some tumours harbour mutations that allow the use of targeted therapies.



“We are witnessing a paradigm shift,” says Dr De Madaria. “For decades, KRAS — the main mutation in pancreatic cancer — seemed untouchable, but drugs are now starting to emerge that can act on specific mutations such as KRAS G12C or G12D. The first trials are promising.”



In addition, therapies capable of acting against several KRAS variants are already in development, which could benefit a far larger proportion of patients. Research is also exploring combinations with immunotherapy and other targeted treatments, with increasingly robust preliminary results.



Although pancreatic cancer remains a major challenge, the pace of progress is faster than ever. “For the first time, we are seeing research deliver not only knowledge but real tools that can transform prognosis,” concludes Dr Enrique de Madaria. “Collaboration between centres and participation in clinical trials have been key to opening new doors for our patients.”

Excerpt: Early diagnosis, personalised therapies and new targeted drugs are marking a paradigm shift for one of the cancers with the poorest prognosis.

### Fog, Glare, and Rain: Handling November Weather in Spain

Spain’s November weather can be unpredictable. Coastal fog, mountain drizzle, and bright low sun often appear on the same day, challenging even experienced drivers. With such a large land mass, it is not unusual for a journey to start with sunshine and end in a snowy blizzard! It is important to check the weather before you drive, from the official sources, in order to plan for the otherwise unexpected.













In fog, reduce speed and switch on dipped headlights. Use front and rear fog lights only when visibility drops below 100 metres, and remember to turn them off when it improves to avoid dazzling other drivers, wh might miss your brake lights. Keep your distance.



Rain is another major factor. Spanish roads can become slippery after dry periods as dust and oil rise to the surface. Increase braking distances, avoid sudden steering, and keep tyres correctly inflated. If aquaplaning occurs, ease off the accelerator and steer gently until grip returns.



Glare from a low sun can be equally dangerous. Keep a clean windscreen inside and out, use the sun visor effectively, and wear suitable sunglasses — but never tinted lenses after dark. If you are temporarily blinded, slow down gradually rather than braking suddenly.



Most importantly, stay calm and adjust to conditions. Weather in Spain can change quickly, especially in coastal or mountainous regions. A flexible approach — and a little patience and planning — ensures your journey remains safe and enjoyable, whatever November brings.

Excerpt: November often brings misty mornings and dazzling low sun to Spain. Here’s how to stay safe behind the wheel when visibility changes suddenly.

### When Darkness Falls: Staying Covered When Things Go Wrong

Despite best efforts, accidents can happen — particularly at night, when reduced visibility and fatigue play a role. If a collision occurs after dark, clear thinking and preparation are essential.



First, ensure safety. Switch on hazard lights and place the warning triangle or electronic beacon at a safe distance behind the vehicle (remembering now that warning triangles MUST be replaced by a V-16 connected warning light by 1st January). All occupants should wear reflective vests before leaving the car, if available. Move to a secure location away from traffic.



Once safe, gather essential information: the other driver’s details, registration numbers, time, location, and lighting conditions. If possible, take photographs showing the scene, vehicle positions, and visibility — insurers often use these to assess liability. Dashcam footage can be invaluable.



If anyone is injured, call 112 immediately. Even minor injuries should be documented, as symptoms may appear later. Avoid arguments at the scene; cooperation and politeness help resolve claims faster.



When reporting the incident to your insurer, describe the conditions accurately. Darkness, glare, or poor lighting can all be relevant factors. Many comprehensive policies cover temporary replacement vehicles, or accommodation if the accident occurs far from home.



Check your policy before travelling to understand exactly what is included. Optional extras such as legal support, or personal accident cover can prove worthwhile. For night driving in particular, make sure your visibility equipment — from lights to vests — is always in good order.



Accidents at night are stressful, but preparation turns panic into procedure. Knowing the steps, and what your insurance provides, ensures you are never left in the dark.

Excerpt: Most accidents happen in poor light or bad weather. Knowing what to do — and what your insurance covers — can make the aftermath far less stressful.

### Safe School Runs: DGT and Guardia Civil Checks

Every weekday across Spain, thousands of children travel to school by bus. For many families, it is a daily routine — but for the Guardia Civil and the DGT, it is also a matter of continuous safety vigilance. This week, a nationwide campaign ensures that every vehicle, driver, and company involved in school transport meets the highest safety standards.

















What the Inspections Cover



The checks focus on several key areas: driver qualifications, vehicle condition, and the presence of proper signage and safety equipment. Each bus must display a visible “Escolares” sign, carry a fire extinguisher, and have clearly marked emergency exits. Seatbelts are mandatory for all passengers where fitted, and inspectors verify that they are both fitted and functional.



The DGT also reviews driver working hours and rest periods to prevent fatigue — one of the most common causes of professional driving incidents. Vehicles found with faults or non-compliance may be removed from service until corrected.



Parents and Schools Have a Role Too



Safety does not end with the inspection. Parents should ensure that their children understand the rules: always remain seated, wear the seatbelt, and wait for the bus to stop completely before standing. Boarding and disembarking zones should be calm, orderly, and supervised by adults or teachers whenever possible.



Schools can support the process by maintaining clear pick-up areas, ensuring that buses are parked safely away from general traffic, and encouraging visibility. Reflective jackets or rucksack covers are simple yet effective for children who walk to the stop in low light.



The View from the Road



Other road users also play a part. When approaching a stopped school bus, Spanish law requires drivers to proceed with extreme caution and at a very low speed — ready to stop if children are crossing.



This simple courtesy can prevent tragedies, especially on narrow urban roads where children may suddenly appear from between vehicles.



Education Starts Early



Projects like Trafford and Friends, from N332, reinforce these lessons in classrooms and communities, helping children recognise safe habits from an early age. Understanding how to behave around buses and crossings builds awareness that lasts a lifetime. Through enforcement, education, and shared responsibility, Spain continues to improve school transport safety — protecting its youngest and most vulnerable road users every single day.

Excerpt: This November, the DGT and Guardia Civil are carrying out nationwide inspections of school buses and transport services. Here’s what they look for, and how every driver and parent can help keep children safe.

### Sharing the Road: Cyclists, Scooters, and Pedestrians

Modern Spanish roads host an ever-growing variety of users. Car drivers often encounter cyclists, scooter riders, and pedestrians in the same environment, especially near resorts or coastal towns. Understanding how to share the road safely is essential for those behind the wheel.













When overtaking cyclists, drivers must leave at least 1.5 metres of space. On roads with more than one lane, you must move completely into the adjacent lane if safe. Always reduce speed and signal clearly before manoeuvring. If this is not possible, you must slow down and stay back until you can give the required safe passing space.



Electric scooters and e-bikes can appear suddenly, particularly on urban roads. They are not allowed on pavements but often use cycle lanes or side roads. Be cautious at junctions and roundabouts, where they may be less visible.



Pedestrians are another group requiring extra attention. In built-up areas, many crossings are raised or poorly lit. Slow down when approaching and be prepared to stop. Overtaking near a crossing is prohibited.



For some car users, the unfamiliarity of local layouts can add to the risk. Take extra time to observe and predict movement. If you are unsure of road markings or signals, slow down and proceed carefully.



Sharing Spain’s roads is about patience and observation. A courteous driver not only avoids fines and claims but helps create safer streets for everyone.

Excerpt: Spain’s roads are shared by a wide mix of users, from cyclists and scooter riders to pedestrians. For visiting drivers, knowing how to anticipate and respect them is key to safe motoring.

### Seeing the Signs: Reflective Markings Save Lives

When you drive at night, much of what keeps you safe is not the light from your own car, but the light reflected back from the road. Paint, studs, and signs all contain special reflective materials that send light directly to the driver’s eyes — turning dark, empty roads into navigable paths.

















Spain’s highways are equipped with retroreflective paint and cat’s-eye studs designed to remain visible even in rain. However, wear, dirt, and sun exposure can fade them over time. When reflective paint loses brightness, it can increase accident risk by reducing lane definition and guidance.



The DGT and road authorities regularly inspect and renew markings, particularly on motorways and main roads. Drivers can do their part by reporting damaged or missing signs through official channels. On rural routes, where maintenance may be less frequent, extra care is essential.



Reflective road signs are equally important. They provide early warning of bends, crossings, and speed changes. A clean sign is a visible sign — drivers should not hesitate to report obscured or vandalised ones.



Visibility technology is advancing fast, with new thermoplastic materials and micro glass beads improving reflectivity and durability. Yet the simplest action still helps: keep your headlights and windscreen spotless. Even the best road markings cannot help if your view is blurred. Every visible line and glowing sign contributes to safety. When the reflection fades, so does the margin for error.

Excerpt: Road markings and reflective signs are often taken for granted, yet they guide every movement we make on the road. Keeping them visible, especially at night, is critical to safety.

### New N332 Information Hub for V-16 Emergency Lights Now Live

From January 2026, v-16 emergency lights will replace warning triangles across Spain, marking a major shift in roadside safety. To help drivers understand what the new system involves, we have launched a dedicated information page covering everything you need to know about v-16 emergency lights, how they work, and how to ensure you choose a fully compliant model.







The new page includes direct links to the official DGT guidance, technical standards, and certification lists, helping drivers avoid confusion caused by non-connected and non-authorised devices still being sold online. It also provides clear explanations about connectivity requirements, battery checks, placement, international rules, and the role of DGT 3.0.



This launch also marks the release of our first edition of N332 Signpost, the new monthly pocket snapshot booklet created to give drivers quick, reliable insights on essential topics. The inaugural edition focuses entirely on v-16 emergency lights and can be downloaded directly from the page.



For trusted information and resources on v-16 emergency lights, the new N332 V-16 hub is now available at n332.es/v16.



We will also be adding to it over the next few weeks as we head towards the mandatory deadline.

Excerpt: We have launched a dedicated N332 page for v-16 emergency lights, bringing together official guidance, approved resources, and our first downloadable N332 Signpost pocket snapshot booklet.

### The Night Shift: Understanding Night-Time Driving Dynamics

Night-time brings a unique set of challenges for drivers. Reduced visibility, glare from oncoming vehicles, and the body’s natural drop in alertness all combine to make after-dark journeys riskier than those in daylight. Yet, with awareness and a few simple habits, driving at night in Spain can remain safe and comfortable.













How Darkness Changes Perception



At night, human vision shifts from colour and detail to light and shadow. Depth perception, peripheral awareness, and contrast all diminish. This means hazards such as animals, cyclists, or pedestrians can appear far later than expected.



Drivers should slow down and extend following distances to allow extra time to react. On unlit rural roads, speeds that feel normal by day may be unsafe at night, as the visible distance ahead — known as the “cone of vision” — shrinks dramatically.



Managing Glare and Reflection



Glare from oncoming headlights is one of the main causes of temporary blindness. To reduce its impact, avoid looking directly at the light source; instead, focus slightly to the right-hand edge of your lane. Keep windscreens and mirrors clean inside and out — even a thin film of dust can multiply glare.



Adjust your rear-view mirror to the anti-glare setting if available, and ensure that your own lights are correctly aligned to avoid dazzling others. If an approaching vehicle fails to dip its lights, keep calm, slow gently, and avoid retaliation — safety always comes before frustration.



Fighting Fatigue



The body’s circadian rhythm encourages rest after sunset. Fatigue builds quickly during monotonous motorway driving and can be as dangerous as alcohol. Warning signs include frequent yawning, drifting within the lane, or difficulty focusing.



On long trips, plan breaks at least every two hours. Use well-lit service areas, stretch your legs, and if necessary, rest briefly before continuing. A short nap is far more effective than coffee or loud music, both of which can add to problems.







Preparation Makes the Difference



Before any night journey, check that your headlights, brake lights, and indicators all function correctly. Clean reflective surfaces and ensure your windscreen washer reservoir is full. Keep a pair of clear, non-tinted glasses in the car if you normally drive with sunglasses, and avoid looking at bright phone screens just before setting off.



Night driving demands concentration, patience, and preparation. By adjusting speed, staying alert, and maintaining your car’s lighting, you can travel safely and confidently — even long after the sun has gone down.

Excerpt: Night driving changes everything — from how far ahead we see, to how quickly we react. Understanding these differences is vital to stay safe on Spain’s roads after dark.

### N332 at Expo Torrevieja (gallery)

Members of N332 were at Expo Torrevieja this weekend, explaining everything you need to know about the new mandatory V-16 emergency lights, roundabouts, and more, as well as supporting the official launch of N332 for Kids, with Trafford and Friends.



Official figures say some 7,500 people attended, so if you were onr of those, we thank you for coming and saying hello. The organisers plan to repeat the event in the spring, if you missed it.



Some of our friends were there too, like Car Registrations Spain, Ibex Insurance, Your New Home Spain, Big Radio Spain, and The Leader Newspaper. 



We will be out and about in the spring, visiting various groups again, and then, hopefully, more expos like this, so we hope to see you again soon.

























































































































































































































Thanks to our friends for adding their pictures to our album:




Ibex Insurance



Car Registrations Spain



CRS Insure



The Leader



Gitte Lund Thomsen (Councillor for International Residents)



Mad Black Cat

Excerpt: Members of N332 were at Expo Torrevieja this weekend, explaining everything you need to know about the new mandatory V-16 emergency lights, roundabouts, and more

### Check Your Lights Before You Go

When you rent a car, it is easy to assume everything is working perfectly, it will be prepared for you, and this is always the intention. However, bulbs can fail at any time, and many issues go unnoticed until darkness falls. A quick light check before departure takes less than two minutes and can prevent dangerous situations.





















Start by switching on dipped headlights and walking around the vehicle, or get a passenger to do this. Confirm that both front lights are bright and even. Next, test indicators, brake lights, and reverse lamps. Many hire cars display warnings on the dashboard, but do not rely solely on them — a physical check is best.



If you are travelling alone, use reflections in windows or walls to confirm operation. Most hire companies will replace bulbs free of charge if you return promptly, so report faults immediately.



Spain’s traffic law requires that vehicles maintain full working lighting at all times. Driving without one or more functioning lights can lead to fines, particularly during police campaigns focused on visibility.



Also remember to use the correct lights for conditions. Fog lights should only be used when visibility drops below 100 metres. Misuse can dazzle others and result in a penalty.



Lights must always be used in tunnels, and switched off afterwards, if appropriate, and also in roadworks during a contraflow situation, amongst others.



Another very important note is that modern cars are fitted with daytime running lights, which remain on at all times when moving, but the intention of these lights is to make your vehicle more visible, not to illuminate the road. Not only that, daytime running lights only illuminate the front of the vehicle, and so it is crucial when you need headlights that you use headlights.



This short routine — lights, mirrors, windows — should be part of every driver’s preparation. It ensures you can see, be seen, and enjoy your journey safely, and gets you more used to finding the switches, wherever in Spain the road may lead.

Excerpt: Every journey begins with a simple step that too many drivers skip — checking the lights. For hire car users, this quick routine is vital before heading out, especially at night.

### Sharing the Road Safely: Protecting Vulnerable Users

In any collision between a vehicle and a vulnerable road user, the outcome is predictable — the smaller, unprotected person always suffers most. That is why Spain’s traffic laws give extra protection to pedestrians, cyclists, and users of scooters or personal mobility devices.





















Drivers must maintain a minimum distance of 1.5 metres when overtaking cyclists, reducing speed to avoid turbulence. On roads with more than one lane in each direction, a full lane’s separation is needed. Overtaking without leaving adequate space can lead to heavy fines and loss of points on your licence, and that is the better outcome.



Pedestrian areas also demand vigilance. At zebra crossings, drivers are obliged to stop and give way. Yet many accidents occur not on crossings but just nearby, often because of poor visibility or distraction. Slow down when approaching built-up areas, schools, and bus stops.



Electric scooters and e-bikes have increased in number across Spanish towns. They are legally considered vehicles, meaning they must follow traffic rules and are prohibited from pavements. Drivers should anticipate their presence, especially at junctions or roundabouts where they can be hard to see.



From an insurance point of view, incidents involving vulnerable users often lead to complex claims. Dashcam footage or witness statements can help clarify what happened. The best protection, however, remains prevention — patience, space, and awareness.



Every safe pass or cautious approach adds up to a safer environment for all. Remember: the road is shared, as is the responsibility, but the greater burden always lies with the person behind the wheel, protected by their metal armour box.

Excerpt: Spain’s roads are shared by millions of drivers, cyclists, scooter riders, and pedestrians. Understanding the rules that protect the most vulnerable helps prevent accidents and reduces insurance claims.

### Seeing and Being Seen: Car Lights That Protect Everyone

As Spanish evenings draw in, headlights become a driver’s first line of defence. Yet many motorists either misuse their lights or assume that the automatic systems on newer cars take care of everything. In reality, understanding when and how to use headlights remains a crucial part of safe driving.

















The Law and Common Sense



Spanish traffic law requires dipped headlights to be used between sunset and sunrise, and whenever visibility falls below 150 metres — for example, in rain, tunnels, fog, or dusk. Failing to use them is not only dangerous but can result in fines of up to €200.



High-beam lights (main beam) are useful on rural or unlit roads, but drivers must dip them immediately when another vehicle approaches or when following another car to prevent glare. That brief flash of blinding light can cause a driver to lose sight of the road for several seconds — long enough to cause a serious collision.



Headlight Alignment Matters



Poorly aligned headlights can dazzle others or fail to illuminate the road effectively. Alignment should be checked at least once a year, ideally during the ITV inspection or at a workshop. Drivers can perform a quick home test: park a few metres from a wall, switch on dipped headlights, and check that both beams are level and symmetrical. If one is higher or off-centre, adjustment is needed.



Dirty or ageing lenses also reduce performance. A layer of dust or oxidation can cut light output by more than 40 percent, so regular cleaning or professional restoration is well worth it.



Daytime Running Lights and Common Mistakes



Many modern vehicles use daytime running lights (DRLs), which improve visibility during the day but often illuminate only the front lamps. Drivers who rely on DRLs at dusk or in tunnels can appear invisible from behind — a growing problem on Spanish roads. Always switch to full dipped headlights when the sun starts to set or when entering shaded areas.



Fog lights are another frequent mistake. They should only be used in thick fog, heavy rain, or snow when visibility drops below 100 metres. Using them unnecessarily can dazzle others and carries a fine.



Light Up for Safety



Before every journey, especially at night, take a moment to check all lights — front, rear, indicators, and brake lamps. Replacing bulbs in pairs ensures consistent brightness.



Seeing clearly and being seen clearly are two sides of the same safety principle. A well-lit car is a safer car, protecting not only its occupants but everyone else on the road.

Excerpt: Good lighting is not just a technical requirement; it is a driver’s most powerful safety tool. Proper use and maintenance of headlights and signals can prevent countless collisions, especially as the darker evenings arrive.

### Trafford and Friends Launch Treasure Hunt at Expo Torrevieja

Visitors to Expo Torrevieja this weekend are in for a treat as Trafford, the N332 road safety raccoon, and his friends make their official launch with a family-friendly Treasure Hunt at the N332 stand. 



The activity is designed to keep youngsters entertained while encouraging grown-ups to explore the exhibition. Each child needs a Trafford Treasure Map, available at The Leader website, as well as N332.es, and, with help from their accompanying grown-up, follow the clues to find Trafford’s friends around the Expo. After collecting five or more stamps, completed maps can be returned to the N332 stand before midday to enter the daily prize draw. 



Every participant will receive a Trafford gift, such as a badge or sticker, while one lucky child will win Trafford’s Goodie Bag — a bright yellow N332 backpack packed with surprises, including a Colour with Trafford colouring book, available on Amazon, crayons, and a Trafford hat. Their accompanying grown-up will also receive a matching prize, featuring a Trafford and Friends mug and the first N332 Book, as well as other exclusive N332 goodies. 



The Treasure Hunt takes place on both Saturday and Sunday between 10:00 and 12:00, with the winners announced live on Big Radio Spain just after the 12:00 news each day. 



Project creator Mark Nolan said, “The Treasure Hunt is a fun way to bring Trafford’s safety world to life and to reward the families who come to support the event. It’s about learning, smiling, and spending time together — and that’s exactly what Trafford and Friends stands for.” 



More information and downloadable Treasure Maps are available at traffordandfriends.com. 

Excerpt: Trafford and Friends Launch Treasure Hunt at Expo Torrevieja

### Join Trafford’s Treasure Hunt at Expo Torrevieja

This weekend marks a special milestone for our road safety education project as "N332 for Kids", led by Trafford and Friends is officially launched at Expo Torrevieja — and what better way to celebrate than with a family Treasure Hunt!



The event is designed to bring families together, engaging children in a fun and educational activity while encouraging their grown-ups to explore the Expo. Each child can ask their grown-up to download a Trafford´s Treasure Map from Trafford´s website, follow the clues around the exhibition, and collect stamps from Trafford’s sponsor friends. Once at least five stamps have been gathered, the completed map can be returned to the stand before midday to be entered into the daily prize draw.



Every child who takes part will receive a small gift, and one lucky participant each day will win Trafford’s Goodie Bag, packed with Colour with Trafford items and surprises. Their grown-up will also receive a matching prize, including a Trafford and Friends mug and the first N332 - Driving in Spain Book, as well as exclusive N332 goodies.



The Treasure Hunt takes place on both Saturday and Sunday from 10:00 to 12:00, with the winners announced live on Big Radio Spain just after the 12:00 news each day.



Full details, downloadable maps, and updates are available now at traffordandfriends.com, and you can read more about the launch in The Leader newspaper on Monday.



I’ll also be talking about the Treasure Hunt, Expo Torrevieja, and the launch of Trafford and Friends live on Big Radio Spain on Monday morning from 8 a.m. — tune in for a full recap and a few surprises.








https://youtu.be/GvFrIphkxyM

Excerpt: This weekend marks a special milestone for our road safety education project as "N332 for Kids", led by Trafford and Friends is officially launched at Expo Torrevieja

### Video: What Documents You Must Carry in Your Car in Spain

Our latest N332 video podcast explains the essential documents every driver must have in their vehicle in Spain. From your driving licence to your ITV (MOT) card and insurance paperwork, we break down what’s required by law and what you can safely leave at home.



Watch the full vidcast below and read the full article for complete details on each document:Read the article →




https://youtu.be/5b4gchcLEio





https://open.spotify.com/episode/1Jev8ytdhRp1Yo0taufoqL?si=19ddaefc6ba44547

Excerpt: Find out which documents you must carry in your car to drive legally in Spain — explained clearly in our new N332 video podcast.

### Drive Bright, Drive Safe: Visibility Tips for Visitors

Hiring a car in Spain offers freedom to explore, but local driving conditions can surprise new arrivals. As days shorten and weather changes, visibility becomes critical for safety.





















Before leaving the rental office, check the lights and mirrors, we will talk about those again in more detail, but make sure all lamps — including indicators, brake lights, and fog lights — are working. Even though all cars are thourouly checked for you, a bulb can break at any time.



If your car has automatic lights, confirm that they switch to full headlights after sunset. Ask the rental agent for help if you are unsure. This helps you get used to where the lights are, especially if you are used to driving at home, as vehicles can be different, and the last thing you need is to be struggling to find your light switch when you need it.



This should become a bit of a routine, to check the lights frequently, and reporting any issues as soon as you can.



Adjust mirrors to minimise glare from vehicles behind, and when you are driving,keep the windscreen clean. Smudges can scatter light at night, making it harder to see hazards.



Remember that Spain drives on the right. After dark, it is easy to drift toward the centre line out of habit, especially when tired. Stay within your lane and use reflective road markings as a guide.



When driving through towns or villages, reduce speed near pedestrian crossings and bus stops. Many pedestrians wear dark clothing, making them difficult to spot. Outside built-up areas, pedestrians and cyclists are required to wear reflective items when walking on the road, but drivers should never rely on that.



Finally, never drive with sunglasses after dusk. Carry a spare pair of clear lenses if you need prescription eyewear. This used to be mandatory, but these days it is just advice, but the consequences of your glasses breaking should be as clear as your vision.



A few checks before each journey can make your trip safer and stress-free. Good visibility protects not only you, but everyone sharing the road.

Excerpt: If you’re hiring a car in Spain this autumn or winter, visibility should be top of your checklist. A few quick adjustments before setting off can make every journey safer.

### Bright Ideas for Winter Driving

Winter in Spain may not always bring snow to the entire country, but it is also quite common to be sunny in one place, and snowed in just an hour away, so it certainly brings challenges. Shorter daylight hours, colder mornings, and wet or foggy roads mean every driver should adjust their habits and prepare their vehicle accordingly.

























Lights, tyres, and batteries are the main areas of concern. Dirt and grime quickly build up on headlamps, reducing their efficiency. Cleaning lenses and ensuring correct alignment not only helps you see better but also ensures others see you. Tyres must have at least 1.6 mm tread depth, though experts recommend 3 mm for optimum grip in winter conditions. Check pressure regularly — cold air can reduce it significantly overnight.



Battery failures are among the most common winter callouts. Cold starts and frequent short journeys drain energy faster. If your battery is more than three years old, have it tested. Carry jump leads or a power pack if you travel in rural areas.



Visibility inside the car matters too. Keep demisters and air vents clear, and replace worn wiper blades. Never pour hot water on an icy windscreen; use a proper scraper or de-icer spray.



From an insurance perspective, prevention always beats a claim. Accidents increase sharply after the autumn clock change, particularly during the first few dark commutes. Keeping your vehicle in top condition and driving with dipped headlights at dusk can make all the difference. A clean, well-maintained car is safer — and may even help protect your no-claims bonus.



Taking ten minutes to prepare could save you hours by the roadside — and keep you, your passengers, and other road users safe throughout the season.

Excerpt: Shorter days, lower temperatures, and wet roads all demand extra care from drivers. Preparing your vehicle for winter can prevent breakdowns and accidents — and could save on your insurance premium too.

### Be Seen, Stay Safe: The Importance of Visibility on Spain’s Roads

When the evenings draw in, many drivers underestimate just how rapidly visibility can deteriorate. One minute the road ahead seems clear; the next, a cyclist or pedestrian emerges from the shadows, leaving only seconds to react.



In Spain, where the weather can change quickly in autumn and winter, visibility is not just about how well you can see — it is about how well others can see you. According to the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT), a high number of serious collisions occur in low-light conditions, particularly between 18:00 and 21:00, when traffic levels remain high but daylight has faded.



Hi-Visibility Clothing Saves Lives



For pedestrians, cyclists, and scooter riders, reflective or fluorescent clothing is the simplest way to reduce risk. Even a small reflective band can make a person visible from over 150 metres away under headlights. The DGT recommends that anyone walking or cycling outside built-up areas at night must wear a reflective vest or accessory — not just as a good idea, but as a legal requirement.



Children are especially vulnerable. Many schools now encourage reflective strips on rucksacks and shoes, yet parents should go further by choosing light-coloured coats or jackets for the darker months. For scooter and e-bike users, adding reflective stickers to helmets and frames increases visibility from multiple angles.



Drivers Have Responsibilities Too



Drivers must also play their part. Keep windscreens clean, headlights correctly adjusted, and never assume that street lighting is sufficient to spot a pedestrian. When approaching zebra crossings, slow down early, particularly where lighting is poor or where pedestrians might appear from behind parked cars.



The use of dipped headlights in poor light or rain is not optional — it is essential. Daytime running lights, fitted to many modern vehicles, do not always illuminate the rear lamps, leaving a car virtually invisible from behind after dark. Always check that both front and rear lights are active.



Awareness Works Both Ways



Visibility is about awareness, not just equipment. Drivers, riders, and pedestrians must all anticipate that others may not see them. Simple gestures such as making eye contact at crossings or wearing a bright scarf can make a vital difference.



As the DGT reminds us, visibility is the foundation of road safety. The clearer we can be seen, the more time others have to react — and that can be the difference between a close call and a collision.

Excerpt: As daylight hours shorten across Spain, visibility becomes one of the most crucial elements of road safety. Every driver, cyclist, and pedestrian has a part to play in ensuring they can be seen — and can see others.

### New Spanish Driving Tests, UK Senior Licence Changes, and the Fight Against 'Ghost Plates'

This week on the N332 Driving in Spain podcast, we dive into major developments impacting drivers across Spain and the UK. 







Mark Nolan covers the DGT's significant revamp of the Spanish driving theory test, which now incorporates new road signs and plans for video-based questions to better test real-world judgement. 



We also look at the UK Government’s introduction of a new mandatory digital renewal process for driving licences for those aged 70 and over. 



In crime and enforcement news, Spain is imposing tougher penalties—up to a six-point deduction—for mobile phone use at the wheel, while UK police are deploying new technology to combat 'ghost plates' used to evade ANPR cameras. 



As the nights draw in, we highlight three essential articles on N332.es coming up this week, focusing on the crucial theme of road visibility. 



Plus, our Motoring History Corner explores key developments from the first week of November in both Spanish and UK transport history. 



Tune in for all the essential road safety news and analysis you need for the week ahead. 

Excerpt: Major changes are coming to driver licensing in both Spain and the UK. This week, we break down the DGT's move to modernise the Spanish driving theory test with new signs and video scenarios, and we explain the UK's new mandatory digital licence renewal process for over-70s

### The Hidden Weight of Speed: Why E-Scooter Collisions Are So Dangerous

Electric scooters have become a popular way for teenagers and young adults to get around. Compact, affordable, and quiet, they seem harmless. But behind that convenience lies a reality that isn’t about rules — it’s about physics.

















Small Vehicle, Big Force



An average scooter weighs about 20 kilograms. Add a 70-kilogram rider, and you have 90 kilograms travelling at speeds of up to 25 km/h. In a crash, that creates over 2,000 joules of energy.



What does that mean? Enough to:




Light a 100-watt bulb for 20 seconds.



Smash into you like a 20-kg suitcase dropped from a third-storey window.



Hit with the combined force of four handgun bullets.




Even at “just” 25 km/h, the body isn’t built to absorb that impact.







The Head-On Scenario



Collide with a car at 50 km/h and the combined speed rises to 75 km/h. The energy soars to more than 7,000 joules — enough to destroy a scooter and cause catastrophic injuries.



Injuries That Last



Without a helmet, riders face severe head trauma, skull fractures, and brain injury. Even with protection, wrists, ribs, and spines are at risk. Many victims need months of rehabilitation, and some live with permanent damage.



The Common Mistakes




Riding without a helmet.



Wearing dark clothing, making yourself invisible to drivers.



Using headphones or phones, losing awareness.



Carrying passengers, doubling the weight — and the danger.



Ignoring traffic signs, forgetting that scooters are vehicles under the law.




Respect the Science



Momentum, gravity, and impact force aren’t optional. They’re laws of physics. And as we often say: “The faster you go, the heavier the blow. You don’t walk away from every crash.”



What You Can Do




Always wear a certified helmet.



Use reflective clothing and fit lights.



Stay alert — no phones, no headphones.



Know the rules of the road.

Excerpt: Electric scooters have become a popular way for teenagers and young adults to get around.

### Trafford’s Trick or Treating – Stay Safe This Halloween with N332 for Kids

Good morning grown-ups and Happy Halloween! 👻







It’s that time of year again when Trafford the raccoon puts on his costume, grabs his trick-or-treat bag, and reminds everyone that safety comes first — even when collecting sweets!



As part of the Trafford and Friends project — our very own “N332 for Kids” — Trafford has released a brand-new Halloween song all about staying visible and safe while out after dark. With its catchy chorus:




Wear something shiny, or a light-up bandSo drivers can spot you across the land




…the song encourages children to enjoy the night safely by wearing reflective clothing, using torches or glow sticks, and always staying close to adults.



Alongside the song, we’ve also created a free downloadable Halloween safety poster and a colouring-in sheet that children can enjoy at home or in school. Both are designed to make learning about road and pedestrian safety fun and memorable.



These new resources are also featured in Trafford’s brand-new book, Colour with Trafford, now available on Amazon. The book brings together a full collection of colouring pages and safety messages for younger readers — covering everything from Halloween to beach safety and school bus awareness.



Trafford and his friends are always here to help make safety part of everyday learning — through stories, songs, and fun activities for children of all ages.



Find out more about Trafford, Riley, Francisco, and the whole gang at traffordandfriends.com — and have a safe, spooky, and happy Halloween!



Downloads




Trafford´s Trick or Treating Poster PDF



Trafford´s Trick or Treating Poster JPG



Trafford´s Trick or Treating Colouring In Sheet PDF



Trafford´s Trick or Treating Colouring In Sheet JPG



Trafford´s Trick or Treating Song MP3



There are more goodies on the Trafford and Friends website (kid friendly)




Song Lyrics



Trafford's Trick or Treating



Out in the night with a costume so bright



Trafford’s got his torch and he’s holding it tight



Stay with your group, don’t wander away



Stick close to grownups – it’s the safest way!



Watch for cars and look both ways



Use crossings in spooky haze!



Be bright, be seen in ghostly light



We trick-or-treat smart on Halloween night!



Wear something shiny, or a light-up band



So drivers can spot you across the land



No dashing, no darting, no spooky chase



Take your time and walk with grace!



Francisco says “Reflective gear keeps you clear!”



Mark says “Hold hands near roads, stay safe, my dear!”



We’re the spookiest crew with safety in mind…



And treats to gather of every kind!



Look left, look right before you go



Take it slow in the lantern glow



With Trafford and friends, we do what’s right



Staying safe this Halloween night!



Song Player



Song Only







YouTube for Kids




https://youtu.be/PlWlQ4E_wao?si=lwCxwyJX-O_GQlnM




Spotify




https://open.spotify.com/album/1IB4sHj9LHWQxKlVqQOGCp?si=hBuHCL3xTn6_3NsY2Jn4ww




Gallery

Excerpt: It’s Halloween! Trafford is heading out for some spooky fun – but before he goes, he’s reminding everyone to stay safe, be seen, and have fun. Join him in singing Trafford’s Trick or Treating and discover new Halloween safety posters and colouring pages from the Trafford and Friends team – part of “N332 for Kids”!

### Quick Guide to Fines for E-Scooters and Personal Mobility Vehicles

OffenceFine (€)Riding on pavements or pedestrian zones200Two riders on one scooter100Using headphones or mobile phone200Riding at night without lights/reflective gear200Incorrect parking or stopping200+ (depending on case)Positive alcohol or drug test500–1,000Refusing alcohol or drug test500–1,000Non-compliant scooter (exceeds 25 km/h or unauthorised seat)500–1,000 + possible seizureNon-certified vehicle (not classed as VMP)500 + possible immobilisationNo helmet (where legally required)200 + 3 licence points (if applicable)Offence committed by minorParents/guardians responsible

Excerpt: Quick Guide to Fines for E-Scooters

### Clock Change in October: Mind, Body, and... Lights

At the end of October, the clocks go back one hour as Spain switches to winter time. For many people it seems like a small adjustment, but research shows the change can affect both the body and road safety.



The Impact on the Body



Our daily rhythm is carefully balanced. Even a one-hour change can disrupt sleep, concentration, and alertness for several days. Some drivers report fatigue, headaches, or greater stress in the days after the switch. If you are prone to migraines or have a high-stress lifestyle, the clock change can make you more vulnerable.



Studies show that drowsiness is one of the leading causes of traffic accidents, contributing to around 30% of collisions. The effects include:




Slower reaction times and reduced concentration.



More distractions and mistakes in decision-making.



Motor and sensory disturbances, including “micro-sleeps.”



Behavioural changes and lapses in judgement.




Workers in demanding jobs are especially at risk: shift workers, the self-employed, and professional drivers. Stress, long hours, and irregular sleep schedules make them more susceptible to fatigue-related incidents.



Practical Steps to Stay Alert




Keep a stable schedule of meals and sleep.



Aim for at least eight hours of rest.



Limit caffeine close to bedtime (coffee doesn’t really help wake you either).



If you’re planning a long trip, take breaks and share the driving.



A Good Time to Check Your Lights




The seasonal clock change also shifts daylight hours, bringing darker evenings and mornings. That makes this the perfect reminder to check that every light on your vehicle works correctly.




Headlights: test all modes from dipped beam to full beam.



Indicators: check each side individually as well as hazard lights.



Brake, reverse, and fog lights: confirm they illuminate as intended.



Number plate lights: often overlooked, but mandatory.




Ask someone to help, or use reflections from shop windows or parked cars. Replace bulbs in pairs to avoid uneven brightness, and if headlight glass looks dim, restoration kits are available. Modern cars can make bulb replacement tricky, so don’t hesitate to ask a professional.



October’s clock change is more than a lost or gained hour. It’s a shift that can leave you tired, distracted, and driving in darker conditions. By looking after yourself — and making sure your lights are in top condition — you give yourself and everyone else on the road a safer start to winter.

Excerpt: At the end of October, the clocks go back one hour as Spain switches to winter time.

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital celebrates 25 years of medical excellence, innovation and commitment to health

More than 500 people, including professionals, patients, public officials and representatives from the healthcare, business and social spheres, gathered for an emotional commemorative gala at the Torrevieja International Auditorium.













The Torrevieja International Auditorium was filled with emotion, memories and collective pride during the commemorative gala marking the 25th anniversary of Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital – an event that brought together over five hundred guests, among them healthcare professionals, patients, authorities, and prominent figures from Torrevieja’s social and business community.



A hospital that has been, and continues to be, a leading reference in healthcare across the province of Alicante and the Valencian Community – ahead of its time and pioneering in numerous treatments and medical techniques. Over these 25 years, it has consolidated a model of care based on excellence, innovation and humanity.



The gala, hosted by Toni Cabot, director of Diario Información, offered a journey through the history, innovation and values that have made the hospital a benchmark in healthcare, both within and beyond the Valencian Community.



The evening featured performances by the Torrevieja Symphony Orchestra and the Paya’s Dance School, led by Lucía de España, who brought an artistic and emotional touch to a celebration that showcased local talent and cultural identity.



The ceremony was attended by Francisco Ponce, Territorial Director of Health for the province of Alicante; Agustina Esteve, Delegate of the Consell in Alicante; and Eduardo Dolón, Mayor of Torrevieja, alongside Francisco Fiestras, Territorial Director of Quirónsalud Levante and Canary Islands.Fiestras highlighted that “the true value of Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital lies in its people. Every professional, every patient and every story have shaped what we are today: a healthcare benchmark and, above all, a great family.”



During his address, Fiestras also emphasised the hospital’s forward-looking vision, centred on technological innovation, humanised care and sustainability. He announced the upcoming launch of the Citizens and Patients Advisory Council, an initiative designed to give society a voice in the hospital’s strategic decisions and to strengthen the active participation of patients in the continuous improvement of healthcare services.



Recognition and emotion in a gala celebrating 25 years of shared history



The central part of the gala paid tribute to professionals with 25 years of service, retired staff, and those who have left a lasting mark on the hospital.



Awards were also presented to patients and associations that work closely with the centre, including AFECÁNCER, represented by its president Victoria Meneses, and AFA Torrevieja, represented by its technical director Lidia Navarro, in recognition of their work in support, awareness and care for patients and their families.



In addition, the Norwegian Church, represented by Marianne Offernes, and the Swedish Church Costa Blanca, represented by Elisabeth Johansson, were honoured for their dedication, assistance and collaboration in supporting international patients and their families.



A special mention was given to Dr Antonio Brugarolas, head of the Oncology Platform, for his outstanding career and key role in the hospital’s development and in the comprehensive care of oncology patients.



The Mayor, Eduardo Dolón, closed the institutional event by stating that “Torrevieja is proud to have a hospital of reference, committed to excellence and to people. This anniversary is also a recognition of the role Quirónsalud has played in improving the quality of life of our citizens.”



A year of celebrations uniting science, community and solidarity



Throughout 2025, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital has celebrated a particularly meaningful year, filled with initiatives that have highlighted its history, its commitment to health and its close connection with the community.



The commemorative programme began on 4 February, World Cancer Day, with the inauguration of the “Bell of Dreams”, a symbol of hope and recovery that now marks the end of treatment for many cancer patients.



In May, the hospital organised the charity run “5K Steps that Count”, a sporting and fundraising event that brought together more than 500 runners in support of AFECÁNCER, strengthening its commitment to promoting healthy lifestyles and supporting patient associations.



The celebrations continued with the unveiling of the mural “Our History, Your Health”, which highlights the hospital’s main clinical and technological milestones since its opening in 2000, and with the photo exhibition “ALTAS”, a tribute to patients who have overcome illness and to the professionals who have supported them along the way.



The hospital has also reinforced its dedication to science and medical outreach through a series of scientific conferences on general surgery, oncology and gynaecology – the latter focused on the prevention and management of human papillomavirus (HPV).



Each of these initiatives has reaffirmed the hospital’s vocation to unite knowledge, research and social commitment, the three pillars that have sustained its model of care over the past 25 years.



Upcoming milestones: launch of the podcast series and Neuroscience Conference



To conclude the anniversary year, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital will launch the podcast series “Clinical Stories” on Friday, 7 November, featuring real-life accounts from patients and doctors at the hospital. Recorded as part of the 25th-anniversary programme, the series will explore stories of resilience and medical dedication, giving voice to the science and humanity behind every clinical case.



In addition, on 28 November, the hospital will host the 1st Quirónsalud Torrevieja Neuroscience Conference, a multidisciplinary meeting bringing together specialists from different fields to discuss advances in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of neurological diseases – reaffirming the hospital’s ongoing commitment to research and continuous medical education.

### Sanctions for Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMPs) in Spain

Personal mobility vehicles such as e-scooters are officially recognised as vehicles. This means their users are considered drivers and are subject to the same road traffic laws. The DGT has set out clear criteria for sanctions when these rules are broken.



Circulation Offences



On pavements or pedestrian zones: prohibited. Fine of €200.



Two riders on one scooter: only one person is allowed. Fine of €100.



Using headphones or mobile phones: forbidden while riding. Fine of €200.



Riding at night without lights or reflective clothing: unsafe visibility. Fine of €200.



Parking or stopping incorrectly: subject to the same penalties as other vehicles, from €200 upwards depending on the offence.



Alcohol and Drugs



Riders must submit to alcohol or drug tests when required.



Positive results: fines of €500–€1,000, depending on the case.



Refusing to take a test: also fined as a serious offence.



Vehicles may be immobilised if the rider is impaired.



Technical or Administrative Issues



Non-compliant scooters (modified to exceed 25 km/h or fitted with unauthorised seats): treated as mopeds or motorcycles, requiring a licence, insurance, and registration.



Riding without these can result in fines of €500–€1,000.



In such cases, the scooter can be seized and impounded.



Non-certified vehicles that fall outside VMP definitions are not permitted to circulate. Fine of €500 plus possible immobilisation.



Helmets and Protection



For vehicles where helmets are legally required (for example, some higher-powered categories), not wearing one brings a fine of €200 and loss of 3 licence points (where applicable).



Responsibility of Parents



If a minor under 18 commits an offence, parents or guardians are held jointly responsible for paying the fine.



In summary: fines for e-scooter offences typically range between €100 and €1,000, with the risk of immobilisation, seizure, or additional penalties in serious cases. The DGT’s guiding principle is clear: VMP riders are drivers, and the same obligations — and consequences — apply.

Excerpt: Personal mobility vehicles such as e-scooters are officially recognised as vehicles. This means their users are considered drivers and are subject to the same road traffic laws.

### Top 10 Do’s and Don’ts for E-Scooters

✅ Do’s



Wear a helmet — always, even if local rules don’t demand it.



Use cycle lanes or authorised roads — never pavements or motorways.



Check your lights and reflectors before every ride.



Keep it legal — your scooter must be certified and capped at 25 km/h.



Ride solo — e-scooters are designed for one rider only.



❌ Don’ts



Don’t use headphones or mobiles — stay alert to traffic.



Don’t drink or take drugs — the safe limit is zero.



Don’t park irresponsibly — never block pavements or crossings.



Don’t tamper with speed or design — scooters must meet technical standards.



Don’t ignore pedestrians — give them priority where required and ride cautiously near crossings.

Excerpt: Top 10 Do’s and Don’ts for E-Scooters

### Basic Rules for E-Scooters and Personal Mobility Vehicles

Personal mobility vehicles (VMPs), such as electric scooters, are now a common sight on Spanish roads. But they are not toys — they are vehicles, and their use is governed by strict rules. 




Good



Bad




The DGT reminds riders and parents alike of these basic obligations:



Where they can circulate: E-scooters may use urban roads, cycle lanes, and designated paths. They must not be used on pavements, interurban roads, motorways, or tunnels.



Age requirement: Local councils may set a minimum age for riders, but as a general rule these vehicles are not for young children. Always check with your town hall.



Helmets: Helmet use is mandatory wherever local rules require it. The DGT recommends helmets at all times, even where not compulsory.



Passengers: These vehicles are designed for one person only. Carrying passengers is prohibited.



Headphones and mobiles: Using headphones, earphones, or mobile phones while riding is forbidden. Riders must stay alert and undistracted.



Alcohol and drugs: The same rules apply as for any other driver. Penalties are severe, and the only safe limit is zero.



Parking: Local councils regulate where scooters may be parked. Riders must respect marked areas and never block pavements or crossings.



Insurance: Compulsory insurance is on the way, but even before it becomes law, it is strongly recommended.



E-scooters offer a convenient way to get around, but only when riders understand they are subject to the same standards as other road users.

Excerpt: Personal mobility vehicles (VMPs), such as electric scooters, are now a common sight on Spanish roads.

### Technical Requirements for E-Scooters and Personal Mobility Vehicles

For a personal mobility vehicle (VMP) to circulate legally in Spain, it must meet specific technical and safety requirements. These rules are in place to protect both riders and other road users:



Speed limits: Vehicles must be designed to travel at more than 6 km/h but not exceed 25 km/h. Anything outside this range is not classified as a VMP.



No seats: E-scooters must not have a seat or saddle. If they do, they are reclassified under different vehicle categories.



Lights and reflectors: Front and rear lights are mandatory, as are reflectors to improve visibility.



Brakes: Effective braking systems must be fitted.



Warning devices: A bell or similar audible system is required.



Certification: From 22 January 2024, all VMPs must have a manufacturer’s certificate of compliance, guaranteeing they meet safety standards.



Where they cannot circulate: VMPs may not be used on pedestrian areas, interurban roads, motorways, dual carriageways, or tunnels, regardless of technical specifications.



The message is simple: if your scooter does not meet these technical standards, it is not legal to use on public roads. Riders should check their vehicle carefully before taking to the streets.

Excerpt: For a personal mobility vehicle (VMP) to circulate legally in Spain, it must meet specific technical and safety requirements.

### Nutrition, a Key Factor in the Prevention of Breast Cancer 

World Breast Cancer Day, commemorated each year on 19 October, shines a light on early detection and support for women facing an oncological diagnosis. However, Dr Pilar Hernández, nutritionist at the Oncology Platform of Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, reminds us that “there is one aspect that remains largely overlooked, yet can also help us in prevention: nutrition.” 



According to various studies, around 40 per cent of cancer cases could be prevented through healthy lifestyle habits. “It is not about assigning blame, but about becoming aware that what we eat every day influences our hormonal health, the level of inflammation in our body, and our ability to defend ourselves against cellular damage,” Dr Hernández emphasises. 



The specialist warns that the most concerning eating patterns are precisely those that have become normalised — such as excessive consumption of ultra-processed foods, the constant presence of added sugars, diets low in fibre and vegetables, and the intake of alcohol, even in small amounts. 



“All of this creates an inflammatory environment that can disrupt hormonal balance and promote the accumulation of abdominal fat — a metabolically active tissue that produces oestrogens associated with certain types of breast cancer,” Dr Hernández underlines. 



The Mediterranean Diet: A Protective Ally Against Cancer 



In contrast to these risks, the specialist points out that the Mediterranean diet remains the eating pattern most strongly supported by scientific evidence. “It is rich in fruit, vegetables, pulses, nuts, wholegrains and extra virgin olive oil, and helps to reduce inflammation and maintain stable hormonal balance,” she explains. 



Among the foods she recommends incorporating regularly are berries, tomatoes, broccoli, cauliflower, pulses, citrus fruits, oily fish, green tea and ginger. “There are no miraculous superfoods — only consistent habits that, day by day, protect our cells and strengthen the immune system,” adds Dr Hernández. 



Weight control and regular physical activity are, according to the specialist, two other fundamental pillars. “The body doesn’t need perfection — it needs consistency. Moving every day and performing strength exercises help regulate hormones, reduce inflammation and preserve muscle mass.” 



“Preventing breast cancer does not mean living on a diet; it means eating with purpose — returning to real food, to what is cooked at home. Taking care of yourself is not a trend; it is an act of self-love and a way of living better, inside and out,” concludes Dr Hernández. 

Excerpt: World Breast Cancer Day on October 19 emphasizes early detection and support for women with cancer. Dr. Pilar Hernández highlights the critical role of nutrition in prevention, noting that 40% of cancer cases might be preventable through healthy habits. The Mediterranean diet, rich in diverse foods, reduces inflammation and supports hormonal balance. Consistent healthy eating, weight control, and regular exercise are essential for cancer prevention.

### Looking to Buy an Electric Scooter?

It is important, first off, to note that what we are about to tell you is not just for electric scooters, they are just the most common vehicle in the class, but if you are looking to buy an electric scooter, or any other type of Personal Mobility Vehicles, Vehículos de Movilidad Personal (VMP), perhaps as part of the upcoming Black Friday offers, or as a Christmas present, then there are certain things you need to know.



In 2022, the General Directorate of Traffic published the Manual of Characteristics of Personal Mobility Vehicles, a regulatory document that sets out the technical characteristics that VMPs must meet in order to circulate on roads of Spain and the obligation for such vehicles to be certified by the competent bodies.



It also establishes the obligation for manufacturers or authorised representatives to have a circulation certificate for a specific make, model, and version that guarantees compliance with a series of technical and identification requirements so that such vehicles can circulate on roads.



In other words, you cannot just import a scooter because it is cheap, it must be of a certified type, that satisfies a number of minimum safety standards, or the vehicle is not permitted on the roads.



Amongst the requirements is that the maximum permitted speed may not be capable of exceeding 25 kmph. There are many other characteristics which must also be satisfied, but the speed element is of particular note because on some models it is possible to overide the speed lock, which would render the vehicle illegal.



Royal Decree 970/2020, of November 10, which modifies the General Traffic Regulations, approved by Royal Decree 1428/2003, of November 21, and the General Vehicle Regulations, calls Vehículos de Movilidad Personal (VMP) those vehicles with one or more wheels equipped with a single place and propelled exclusively by electric motors (batteries of up to 100 VDC and with an integrated charger of up to 240 VAC input), which can provide the vehicle with a maximum design speed between 6 and 25 km/h, and which can only be equipped with a seat or saddle if they are equipped with self-balancing systems.



It is also important to note that VMPs, being self-propelled exclusively by an electric motor, are classified as ZERO emissions and are exempt from having to carry a visible label.



 Purchasing an Electric Scooter



The good news is that the DGT has a list of certified models on the website, so you can check at any time, without having to check the individual characteristics. The scooters available in most reputable stores are likely to be certified models, but when purchasing a VMP, keep in mind that PMVs sold now, (as was the case since January 22, 2024), must be certified for use.



If you had purchased one before this date, you don’t have to worry just yet, as VMP’s sold before that date are permitted on the roads until January 22, 2027, even if they do not have a certificate. After that date, only VMPs with certification may do so.

Excerpt: If you are looking to buy an electric scooter, you need to know a few things

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital inaugurates the exhibition “ALTAS”, a tribute to patients and to 25 years of shared trust 

To mark its 25th anniversary, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital has inaugurated ALTAS, a photographic exhibition paying tribute to patients who have overcome illness and to the professionals who have accompanied them throughout their recovery process. 



The exhibition, located in the hospital’s main hall and open to the public until 31 December, consists of a series of portraits merging the faces of patients and healthcare professionals, symbolising their shared journey and the bond between science, humanity, and hope. 



Each image is accompanied by a QR code that provides access to the personal story behind each discharge, told in the first person by its protagonists through audiovisual testimonies available on the website: nuestrahistoriatusalud.com/altas 



On the same website, visitors can also explore the hospital’s main healthcare and technological milestones over the past 25 years, presented in a bilingual format (Spanish and English), reflecting the hospital’s development and growth since its opening. 



ALTAS reflects Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital’s commitment to people-centred medicine, combining technological innovation with a warm, humane approach. The exhibition forms part of the hospital’s 25th anniversary commemorative programme, which includes a variety of social, educational, and recognition initiatives highlighting the work and dedication of its professionals. 

Excerpt: To mark its 25th anniversary, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital has inaugurated ALTAS, a photographic exhibition paying tribute to patients who have overcome illness and to the professionals who have accompanied them throughout their recovery process. 

### What Exactly is Micromobility?

If we take a very brief zoom through history, electric scooters were being used over a century ago. As time went on, the automobile, or car, took centre stage for moving people, developing from what we might now consider to be a basic machine, although in fact it was a revolution, feared by some, seen as a danger by many, loved by others. Goods carried by horse and cart, and train, steam, diesel and electric all playing a part, feared by some, seen as a danger by many, loved by others, and at this point, talking of good, I must express disappointment that Eagle transporters were not flying around by the year 1999 (yes, I am still bitter about that one).



The point being, throughout history, modes of transport have faced the same challenges, and in our current times, microbility vehicles face those same issues... feared by some, seen as a danger by many, loved by others.



Micromobility refers to light vehicles (typically electric) used for short-distance urban transportation. These vehicles provide a sustainable and flexible alternative, helping to reduce traffic congestion and carbon emissions.



Within this area, Vehículos de Movilidad Personal (VMP), or Personal Mobility Vehicles (PMVs), also more commonly known as e-scooters, stand out. These vehicles are intended for the transportation of a single person and must meet certain technical requirements in order to be able to circulate. There are also equivalent vehicles for carrying goods, or for commercial use, including for deliveries, but they must meet different, and stricter technical requirements.



While there is no single definition or categorisation in the European Economic Area regarding which specific vehicle types should be included within the scope of micromobility, certain European Commission studies tend to include the following vehicles within this concept:



Electric Power Assisted Cycles (EPACs) with a maximum assisted speed of 25km/h and a maximum continuous rated motor power of 250W.




Motorised mopeds L1e-A, including those with 2, 3 or 4 wheels.



L1e-B mopeds.



E-scooters (or VMP in Spain).



Other vehicles powered by the human body such as bicycles or skates.




In urban areas, all these vehicles are becoming increasingly popular, especially motorised vehicles, driven both by the growing demand for more sustainable modes of transport and by technological advances that improve user experience and operational efficiency, not to forget the personal economic benefits.



Various studies have shown that private motor vehicle use accounts for a significant proportion of the distribution by mode of transport, reaching 48% in the European Union and 45% worldwide.



The growing need for effective urban space management and sustainability goals are driving alternative types of travel using more sustainable vehicles, including bicycles, PMVs, and even walking.



While most mobility vehicles have regulations governing their technical characteristics, the recent emergence of so-called "Personal Mobility Vehicles" has necessitated determining both their specific definition and their requirements for circulation, the latter point being highlighted by the European Commission as significant for road safety.



In Spain, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) continues to advance its analysis of new micromobility vehicles to ensure their safe circulation.

Excerpt: Micromobility refers to light vehicles (typically electric) used for short-distance urban transportation.

### DGT's Digital Revolution, The Hidden Danger on UK Roads, and Compulsory Eye Tests for Older Drivers

This week, the N332 Driving in Spain Podcast delivers essential updates affecting drivers across Europe. We begin in Spain, where the DGT has formally revamped the driving theory test, introducing new questions based on updated road signage and confirming plans to integrate video-based risk assessment in 2026—a model inspired by the UK and Australia. If you are learning to drive or renewing your knowledge, this is critical information.







Crossing to the UK, we detail the urgent tyre safety warning issued by National Highways. Shocking statistics reveal that one in four vehicles may be running on illegal or defective tyres, posing a risk comparable to mobile phone use at the wheel. We explain the 'T.R.I.P.' campaign and why checking your tyres is more crucial than ever as winter approaches.



We also look at forthcoming changes to UK driving law, including proposals for mandatory medical and eye tests for drivers over 70 at licence renewal, and a potential lowering of the drink-drive limit in England and Wales to match Scotland and the EU.



Finally, we feature a full breakdown of the DGT’s mandatory technical standards for e-scooters and Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMPs) in Spain, covering everything from speed limits and lighting requirements to the new Certificate of Compliance. Our Motoring History Corner looks back at the launch of the controversial Ford Sierra and the day a British car broke the sound barrier.

Excerpt: The DGT is fundamentally changing the driving test in Spain, and if you drive a car in the UK, you might be sharing the road with 6 million illegal tyres! This week, we break down Spain’s digital theory test revolution

### Close-Up Tyre Inspection: Spotting the Signs Before It’s Too Late

Tyres are one of the most crucial safety elements of any vehicle. They are the only part of the car in continuous contact with the road, and their condition directly affects grip, braking, and stability. Spanish law is very clear: your vehicle must always be fitted with the correct type and size of tyre for its category and purpose. Not only is this a legal requirement, it is fundamental to safety.



The ITV and the Right Tyres



During Spain’s mandatory ITV inspection, tyres are checked carefully. If your tyres do not match those listed on your ITV card, your vehicle will automatically fail. That is why it is essential to confirm that the tyres fitted to your vehicle are the right specification and size before presenting your car for the test.



Tread Depth and Safety



The legal minimum tread depth in Spain is 1.6 millimetres across the central three-quarters of the tyre, measured around the full circumference. Anything below this risks an automatic fine of up to €200 per tyre — and more importantly, a serious reduction in safety.



Inside the wide grooves of your tyres, you will see small raised sections called tread wear indicators. These provide a visual guide: if the tread surface is level with the indicator, your tyre is at or below the legal minimum and must be replaced.



Replace Before the Limit



Although 1.6 mm is the legal requirement, safety experts recommend replacing tyres earlier, typically at around 3 millimetres. The reason is simple: in wet weather, a tyre at 1.6 mm can take two car lengths (around 8 metres) longer to stop at just 80 km/h than one with 3 mm of tread. That extra distance can be the difference between a near miss and a collision.



What to Look For Up Close




When you inspect your tyres, don’t just check the tread:



Look for cracks or bulges in the sidewall.



Search for embedded stones, nails, or sharp objects.



Watch for uneven wear patterns, which may point to poor alignment or suspension issues.



Confirm that valve caps are present and secure.














Regular Checks Save Lives



A close-up inspection once a month, combined with maintaining the manufacturer’s recommended pressure, dramatically reduces your risk of an incident. It also prevents costly fines, test failures, or unexpected blowouts.



Remember: tyres are not simply rubber rings — they are the foundation of your safety on the road. Inspect them closely, replace them in good time, and treat them as the life-saving equipment they are.

Excerpt: Spanish law is very clear: your vehicle must always be fitted with the correct type and size of tyre for its category and purpose.

### Reading Tyre Codes and Why Both Axles Matter

Tyres carry a wealth of information printed on their sidewalls — a code that tells you their size, structure, performance, and age. Understanding these markings is vital for safety and compliance.



What the Codes Mean



A typical tyre marking might look like 205/55 R16 91V:




205 – the tyre width in millimetres.



55 – the aspect ratio (height of the sidewall as a percentage of the width).



R – radial construction.



16 – rim diameter in inches.



91 – load index (maximum weight the tyre can carry).



V – speed rating (maximum safe speed).




You’ll also find the DOT code, which includes the week and year of manufacture — e.g., “3023” means made in week 30 of 2023.



Identical Tyres on Each Axle



Spanish law requires that the tyres fitted to each axle must be identical in size, type, and tread pattern. Mixing tyres on the same axle creates an imbalance that can cause uneven braking, loss of grip, and even a skid.



This is also why, if one tyre on an axle suffers a puncture or irreparable damage, both tyres should be replaced together. The difference in wear between a new tyre and an older one can compromise stability.



Why the Spare is Only a Spare



Most cars are equipped with a temporary spare, often narrower and marked with restrictions such as “max 80 km/h.” This is because the spare is not intended for long-term use. It allows you to reach a garage safely, but it should be replaced with a full-sized, matching tyre as soon as possible.



The Takeaway



Correct tyres, properly matched and maintained, are as critical as brakes or seatbelts. Learn to read the codes, replace tyres in pairs on the same axle, and treat your spare for what it is — a short-term solution, not a substitute.

Excerpt: Tyres carry a wealth of information printed on their sidewalls — a code that tells you their size, structure, performance, and age.

### Under Pressure: Why Frequent Tyre Checks Could Save Your Life

Every October in the UK, motorists are reminded of one of the most critical — yet often overlooked — components of vehicle safety: the tyres. The “Tyre Safety Month” campaigns are not just symbolic. They highlight a stark truth: many tyre-related incidents result from neglect, not dramatic failure. This is a lesson worth importing into Spain too.



According to TyreSafe, more than 51,500 breakdowns in 2023 were directly attributed to tyre defects — a 14% increase year on year. In fatal crashes linked to tyre problems, 75% stem from lack of maintenance. These figures underline that a worn tread, underinflation, or unnoticed damage can prove fatal, especially when paired with autumn and winter weather.



Why tyres matter more when the seasons change



As temperatures drop and rain becomes more frequent, the grip of your tyres weakens. Braking distances increase, and water builds up under worn tread, raising the risk of aquaplaning. Research on tyre abrasion shows that tyres can lose 0.8–1.4 mm of tread per 10,000 kilometres depending on driving conditions. JRC Publications Over time, what seems like gradual wear can push a tyre from safe to illegal.



In the UK, a sizeable proportion of tyres are replaced before they fall below 3 mm of tread — partly in reaction to changing EU safety regulations. The goal is to promote safer tyre performance in wet conditions, where grip is crucial.



Make tyre checks your routine



You don’t need to be a mechanic. A few minutes per month can make all the difference. Check for:




Correct inflation pressure (adjust for load and temperature)



Even tread wear, cuts, bulges, or embedded objects



Condition of sidewalls and no cracks



Presence of a spare, or repair kit, if applicable




Bridging to Spain



Here in Spain, the changing seasons bring new risks: early morning damp roads, sudden showers, and shifting temperatures. Maintaining properly inflated tyres gives you one of the greatest safety margins possible on the road.



If you’d rather not check them yourself, visit a trusted garage and request a “tyre health check” — it’s a small investment for peace of mind.



In short: tyres are not just wheels — they’re your final point of contact with the road. Treat them accordingly, and through the gloom of autumn and winter, they’ll keep you rolling safely.

Excerpt: Every October in the UK, motorists are reminded of one of the most critical — yet often overlooked — components of vehicle safety: the tyres.

### Distracted Driving Crackdown, Tyre Safety, and New DGT Signs - The N332 Driving in Spain Podcast

The DGT and Guardia Civil have launched a high-intensity surveillance campaign this week focusing squarely on driver distraction, a core cause of road fatalities in Spain. 







This episode of the N332 Driving in Spain Podcast explores the critical need for constant attention, looking beyond mobile phones to include dangers like smoking, talking to passengers, and even adjusting the radio, using a shocking international news story as a powerful reminder of the consequences of momentary inattention. 



We also cover the latest Spanish road law updates, including the rollout of new road markings, the approaching deadline for the mandatory V16 connected emergency beacon, and the controversial new signs monitoring minimum safety distance.



Finally, we highlight three essential articles available on the N332 website throughout this week, providing a deep dive into tyre safety compliance, the 1.6mm legal limit versus the recommended 3mm safety margin, and how to read the vital codes on your tyre sidewalls.



Our historian’s segment looks back at the launch of the Ford Sierra and Spanish classic motoring events.

Excerpt: This week, the DGT is targeting every form of driver distraction—from holding a mobile phone (a 6-point, €200 offence) to subtle habits like smoking or talking to passengers. We detail why this campaign is crucial, reviewing a news story where a driver changing a song caused a horrific school bus accident. Plus, we highlight our three new website articles, explaining the mandatory need for identical tyres on each axle in Spain and why safety experts recommend replacing your tread at 3 millimetres, not the legal 1.6 millimetres, to significantly improve wet weather stopping distances.

### Looking Ahead: Building Safe Habits for the School Year

As the new school year settles into routine, it is important not to let road safety slip from our minds. September’s campaigns focus heavily on the school run, but safety is a year-round responsibility. In the coming months, there are several seasonal challenges where vigilance is especially important.



Halloween: Excitement in the Dark



Halloween is now a familiar celebration in Spain, with children taking to the streets in costumes, often dark and difficult to see. Excitement can lead to carelessness — children may cross without looking or wander in groups. Drivers should slow down in residential areas, particularly at dusk and after dark. Parents can help by making sure costumes include reflective strips or accessories and by accompanying younger children.













Christmas and Three Kings: Busy Roads and Crowded Streets



From December through to the arrival of the Three Kings in January, towns and cities are filled with traffic, shopping, and celebrations. With distractions everywhere, risks increase for drivers and pedestrians alike. Take extra care around:




Pedestrian crossings near shops — often crowded and with impatient pedestrians.



Car parks — higher risks of collisions and thefts during the festive rush.



Parades and local fiestas — where traffic restrictions and large crowds create extra hazards.




Protecting Your Vehicle and Your Home



The festive season also means gifts. Remember:




Do not leave valuables on show in your car. Bags, wrapped parcels, or even shopping left in plain sight are an invitation to thieves.



Dispose of packaging carefully. Leaving boxes from expensive items outside can signal what’s inside your home. Break packaging down before recycling and avoid displaying it openly.



Lock up properly. Whether at school drop-off, a shopping centre, or at home, simple habits reduce the chance of loss.




A Year-Round Mindset



Road safety and security are not seasonal campaigns — they are habits. As parents, drivers, and community members, it is our responsibility to keep children safe, remain alert as road users, and protect our belongings. By thinking ahead, we can enjoy the autumn and winter festivities while reducing risks on and off the road.

Excerpt: Road safety doesn’t stop in September. Halloween brings children in dark costumes, excited and distracted. Christmas and the Three Kings add heavy traffic, crowded streets, and more risk of theft.

### Driving in Spain This Autumn: Rain, Schools and Safety

As September draws to a close, the weather begins to change. Showers are more frequent, and roads can quickly become slippery. For drivers in Spain — especially those hiring a car and unfamiliar with local conditions — autumn is a time to slow down, stay alert, and pay extra attention around schools.



Prepare your car for autumn



Rain affects both visibility and grip, so the condition of your car is critical:




Windscreens and wipers: Make sure your windscreen is clean inside and out. Replace worn wiper blades and keep washer fluid topped up. Dirty or streaked glass can make glare far worse at dawn or dusk.



Tyres: Tread depth must be at least 1.6 mm by law, but more is safer in the wet. Poor tyres increase the risk of aquaplaning. Check for uneven wear and maintain the correct pressure.



Lights: Ensure all front, rear, and indicator lights are working — they are vital in poor weather.




On the road




Slow down: Stopping distances increase dramatically in wet conditions. Even with modern safety systems, physics wins.



Avoid sudden movements: Braking, accelerating, or turning sharply on wet surfaces increases the chance of skidding.



Watch for puddles: Large pools of water can hide potholes and cause aquaplaning. If you can, steer gently around them — but never swerve suddenly. And always try to avoid splashing pedestrians, particularly near schools.




Near schools



Autumn also means darker mornings and afternoons, often combined with rain. Around schools this creates a dangerous mix: children in dark clothing, reduced visibility, and heavier traffic. In these zones:




Obey reduced speed limits (often 20–30 km/h).



Give way to school buses and crossing pedestrians.



Remember that Local Police at the gates take priority over other signals.



Be extra cautious of children who may run unexpectedly, sometimes hidden by umbrellas, hoods, or backpacks.




A simple message



Whether you are a resident or a visitor driving a hire car, the rule is simple: in autumn, slow down. Spain’s roads are safe when drivers adapt to conditions — and around schools, vigilance protects the most vulnerable.

Excerpt: Rain increases risks on the road. Check your windscreen, wipers, tyres, and lights before setting off. In wet conditions, slow down, avoid sudden manoeuvres, and be careful around puddles — they can cause aquaplaning or splash pedestrians, especially near schools.

### EES Border Rollout, School Bus Checks, and The 50% Vulnerable User Shock | N332 Driving in Spain Podcast

This week on the N332 Driving in Spain Podcast, Mark Nolan delivers urgent safety information and traffic alerts as Spain heads into autumn. 







We dissect the DGT’s latest, worrying statistics showing that vulnerable road users now account for half of all road fatalities, underscoring the vital need to eliminate distraction, alcohol, and speed. A critical warning is issued regarding the EU’s new Entry-Exit System (EES), scheduled for a phased rollout starting October 12th, which is set to fundamentally change how non-EU citizens cross the border, with potential for significant travel delays.



We also detail the DGT’s forthcoming national School Transport Safety Campaign, which will see intensified checks on buses, drivers, and seatbelt compliance in November. Finally, Mark covers essential autumn driving tips, from checking your tyres and wipers to extreme vigilance around schools, and we close with a trip through Spanish motoring history. All safety documents discussed this week are available for download on the N332 website.

Excerpt: New border checks, new DGT campaigns, and a shocking statistic on vulnerable road users: this week's N332 podcast has essential information for all drivers in Spain. Tune in for an urgent warning about the EES border system rollout and key details on the DGT's upcoming school bus safety blitz.

### Alzheimer’s Disease Could Double in Incidence over the Coming Decades 

• In Spain, nearly 800,000 people are currently living with this neurological condition, and forecasts suggest that by 2050 the number will exceed two million. 



On the occasion of World Alzheimer’s Day, specialists from the Neurosciences Unit at Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante are drawing attention to the rising number of cases of this disease, which already affects 47 million people worldwide and could reach 132 million by 2050. 



According to Dr Erika Torres, coordinator of the Neurosciences Unit at both hospitals, “Alzheimer’s is one of the great silent pandemics of the 21st century. In Spain, nearly 800,000 people suffer from it, and it is estimated that by 2050 the figure will exceed two million, according to the Spanish Society of Neurology.” 



Regarding the causes of this neurological disease, Dr Torres explains that “its origins are multifactorial and, although there are non-modifiable risk factors such as age, sex and genetic predisposition, controlling cardiovascular risk factors can help to prevent or delay the onset of the disease.” 



The specialist advises avoiding a sedentary lifestyle, following a Mediterranean diet, taking regular physical exercise and maintaining an active social life to protect brain health. “Engaging in intellectual activities such as reading, learning a new language, playing a musical instrument or doing cognitive stimulation exercises can enhance brain plasticity and build cognitive reserve,” she suggests. 



A Multidisciplinary Approach to Alzheimer’s Treatment 



Treating Alzheimer’s disease requires the coordinated involvement of a team of specialists. At the Neurosciences Unit of Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante, neurologists, neuropsychologists, radiologists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, physiotherapists and nursing staff work together to provide early diagnosis and personalised treatment. 



“Our aim is to maintain the patient’s quality of life for as long as possible. That is why we have developed a comprehensive cognitive impairment programme that includes neurological nursing consultations, neuropsychological care from the moment of diagnosis, cognitive rehabilitation and psychoeducation for family members and carers,” explains Dr Torres. The programme also offers emotional support to the patient’s immediate circle, helping families to cope more effectively with the impact of the disease. 



This unit thus reinforces its commitment to research, prevention and multidisciplinary care, which are all essential to improving patients’ quality of life and slowing the progression of the disease. 

Excerpt: On the occasion of World Alzheimer’s Day, specialists from the Neurosciences Unit at Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante are drawing attention to the rising number of cases of this disease, which already affects 47 million people worldwide and could reach 132 million by 2050. 

### Be Seen, Be Safe: Staying Visible as Days Shorten

As autumn arrives and daylight wanes, the school run becomes more challenging. Whether walking, cycling, or scooting, visibility — your ability to be seen — becomes vital. High-visibility clothing and reflective accessories aren’t just recommended, they’re essential.



Why Visibility Matters




A Danish study found that cyclists wearing hi-vis jackets experienced a 47% reduction in injury-causing collisions, and a 55% reduction in crashes involving vehicles



Research shows pedestrians wearing retroreflective strips or vests were detected 60–80% further away than those without



In low-light conditions, fluorescent and retroreflective materials improve visibility significantly, ensuring they stand out in darkness, twilight, and poor weather  




Layers Can Hide You



Bright clothing doesn’t always stay visible. A backpack can obscure reflective material from behind — undercutting your visibility. To stay seen:




Use reflective straps or bands over your backpack, shoulders, and chest.



Choose clothing with reflective stripes on the arms and legs, ensuring movement is visible to drivers  






















Tips for All Road Users



Walkers:




Wear high-visibility vests or jackets at dusk or in poor light.



Use reflective accessories on both front and back.



Even on pavements, be seen — not just concealed in the shadows.




Cyclists:




Choose fluorescent jackets and retroreflective bands around ankles, wrists, and torso.



Ensure your lights are front (white) and rear (red) — especially when visibility drops.




E-scooter Riders:




Combine reflective clothing with helmet-mounted lights for maximum visibility.



Avoid clothing that can be easily covered or obstructed by bags.




Be Seen by Vehicles and Sensors



Some modern cars’ safety systems (like Automatic Emergency Braking) may struggle to detect reflective clothing in low light . Don’t rely solely on sensors — wear visible gear and make eye contact where possible.

Excerpt: As autumn progresses, visibility worsens. High-visibility clothing and reflective accessories can make pedestrians and cyclists visible 60–80% further away than dark clothing.

### Alcohol, Drugs, and Driving in Spain: Zero is the Only Safe Limit

For many visitors, Spain’s approach to drink- and drug-driving can come as a surprise. The simple truth is this: the only safe limit is zero.



Lower limits than many countries



Spain already sets much lower legal alcohol limits than some other European countries, including the UK. For professional drivers, such as those in charge of school buses, the permitted level is lower still. For young drivers under 18, the legal limit is already zero. Legislation is also working through the system that could soon make Spain’s effective limit zero for all drivers.



Applies to all vehicles



These rules do not only apply to cars and motorbikes. They also cover bicycles, mopeds, and e-scooters — any vehicle used on the public road. A cyclist or scooter rider under the influence of alcohol or drugs is still breaking the law and putting themselves, and others, at serious risk.







The real risks



Even a small amount of alcohol or drugs affects reaction times, concentration, and judgement. Combined with unfamiliar roads, different traffic rules, and new surroundings — as many tourists face — the risk multiplies. The DGT (Dirección General de Tráfico) is clear: alcohol and drugs are a factor in one in three fatal collisions in Spain.



It must also be noted that alcohol takes time to leave your system, things like coffee are no help, and so you must be aware that the “morning after” may still pose a significant risk, such as when on the school run, for example.



Enforcement



The Guardia Civil and local police carry out frequent roadside checks, both in towns and on interurban roads. Drivers can be stopped at any time, tested for alcohol and drugs, and face heavy penalties if positive. Random checks are common, especially at weekends, holiday periods, and near areas with high nightlife activity.



A clear message



For residents and tourists alike, the safest approach is simple:




If you are driving, do not drink or take drugs at all.



Plan your night out with alternatives — taxis, public transport, or a designated sober driver.



Remember: these rules apply equally to cars, scooters, bicycles, and buses.








In summary



Spain takes road safety seriously, and rightly so. Whether you are a professional driver, a parent on the school run, or a visitor hiring a car, the only safe limit is zero. Anything else risks lives.

Excerpt: In Spain, the only safe limit for alcohol and drugs when driving is zero. Legal limits are already lower than in many countries, and for young drivers under 18 the limit is zero. Professional drivers, such as those operating school buses, face even stricter rules, and forthcoming legislation may lower the threshold further for everyone

### Road Safety Near Schools

As pupils return to class, roads around schools become some of the busiest and most sensitive areas in any town. Whether you are a parent, a local resident, or simply passing by, extra care is required to keep children safe.



Speed limits and signs



In Spain, speed limits near schools are often lower than the general urban limit, sometimes reduced to 20 or 30 km/h, depending on the town. These limits must always be respected at all times, unless a sign specifically indicates otherwise. If you see a warning sign showing children it is vital to slow down and be even more aware and observant than normal.



Picking up and dropping off



The start and end of the school day are particularly high-risk times. Children are often distracted and may run into the road without looking. Parents stopping to drop off or collect their children must do so in a legal and safe place. Double-parking, blocking junctions, or stopping on crossings not only breaks the law but puts children in danger.



Encourage children to exit on the pavement side where possible, and remind them to check their surroundings carefully before opening the door.



Police presence



In many towns, Local Police are stationed outside schools during peak times to manage traffic and protect children. Their instructions must be followed immediately, even if they appear to conflict with other signs or signals. Their priority is safety, and their authority in these moments is absolute.



Shared responsibility



School zones are not just a concern for parents — they affect the whole community. Whether you are driving to work, cycling past, or walking through the area, remain vigilant. Children may not always behave predictably, but with patience, lower speeds, and respect for rules, we can all help to make school areas safe.

Excerpt: School zones are high-risk areas. Speed limits are often reduced to 20–30 km/h, and Local Police frequently manage traffic at start and end times — their instructions take precedence over all signs.

### Vans, Cyclists, and School in the Spotlight - The N332 Driving in Spain Podcast

This week we bring you urgent lessons from tragedies and policy changes across Europe, combined with fresh initiatives here in Spain. Our September focus continues: school run safety, cycling protection, and safer mobility for all.



Our main articles on N332.es this week focus on essential topics for autumn: a detailed guide to road safety near schools, a stark reminder that the only safe limit for alcohol and driving in Spain is zero, and vital tips for staying visible as the days get shorter. Plus, we'll take a trip back in time to this week in history to look at a key milestone in Spanish motoring.

Excerpt: This week we bring you urgent lessons from tragedies and policy changes across Europe, combined with fresh initiatives here in Spain.

### Cycling to School: Healthy, Independent and Safe

Cycling to school is one of the healthiest ways for children to travel. It encourages independence, provides daily exercise, and is environmentally friendly. But it also comes with risks — and both cyclists and other road users must understand their responsibilities to keep everyone safe.



For Parents and Guardians



Parents play a central role in shaping safe cycling habits:




Lead by example. Show children how to respect the rules of the road by obeying traffic lights, crossing at marked places, and signalling clearly.



Ensure the right equipment.Helmet: Mandatory for all riders under 16 on any road in Spain. Helmets must fit properly and be correctly fastened. AESVi also recommends helmets for adults, as they significantly reduce the risk of head injury.



Clothing: Comfortable clothes that allow freedom of movement, plus shoes that grip the pedals securely. Gloves are recommended to protect hands in the event of a fall.



Visibility: Reflective vests or bands should always be used in low light, bad weather, or at night. Bicycles must have a front white light, a rear red light, and a rear reflector in these conditions.

Bell: Every bicycle must be fitted with a bell.





Accompany children at first. Ride with them until they are confident and can manage the route safely on their own. Point out dangerous crossings, blind corners, or heavy traffic areas.



Limit loads. A school bag that is too heavy can destabilise a child on a bicycle. Help them keep loads manageable.








For Young Riders



When you ride your bicycle, you are a vehicle on the road. That means you must follow the same rules as drivers:




No riding on pavements unless a cycle lane is clearly marked for shared use.



Signal manoeuvres with your hands and be mindful of pedestrians.



Do not use headphones, earphones, or mobile phones — they distract you and block important sounds like approaching vehicles.



Crossing zebra crossings: You must get off your bike and walk it across. Riding across does not give you priority.



Ride in parallel only when visibility is good and traffic is light. Otherwise, ride single file, keeping as far to the right as is safe.



Stay alert near parked cars. Leave space in case a door opens unexpectedly.




Cycling responsibly not only protects you but also helps drivers predict your movements.







For Other Road Users



Drivers have a legal and moral duty to protect cyclists, especially children:




Overtaking rule: You must leave at least 1.5 metres lateral distance when overtaking a cyclist. If that space is not available, you must wait.



Crossing solid white lines: You are permitted to cross a solid white line to overtake a cyclist, but only if the opposite lane is clear and it is completely safe to do so.



Multi-lane roads: On roads with two or more lanes in the same direction, the overtaking vehicle must fully move into the adjacent lane to pass.



Slow down near schools and crossings. Children on bikes may be less predictable, so extra patience is vital.




Respecting these rules not only prevents accidents — it helps create a culture where cycling is truly safe and sustainable.



Building Safe Habits



Schools can also help by providing secure bicycle parking and encouraging safe cycling practices. But the day-to-day responsibility lies with families, children, and all road users. The school run should be an opportunity for health and independence, not danger. With the right habits and respect on all sides, cycling can be the safest and most rewarding way to start the day.

Excerpt: Cycling is healthy and sustainable, but it comes with risks. Helmets are mandatory for under-16s and recommended for all. Bikes must have a bell, reflectors, and lights at night.

### Rules Pedestrians Sometimes Miss

If you’re visiting Spain, you’ll notice pedestrians everywhere — from busy city streets to small village roads. But unlike in some countries, pedestrians here do not automatically have priority in every situation. Both drivers and those on foot have specific obligations under Spanish law.



Where pedestrians must walk




Use pavements whenever they exist. Walking on the road when a pavement is available is not permitted.



No pavement? Pedestrians must walk facing oncoming traffic, as far to the left as possible. Outside towns, they should use the hard shoulder if one exists. Groups must walk in single file.



In towns, the DGT recommends walking closer to the middle of the pavement, away from the kerb, to reduce the risk of being hit.




Crossing the road




Use crossings or footbridges if they are nearby — pedestrians are obliged to do so. Cutting across roads, walking diagonally, or crossing at roundabouts is not allowed.



At zebra crossings, drivers must stop for pedestrians who are already crossing or clearly waiting to cross. But pedestrians also have a duty to check that approaching vehicles are slowing before stepping out.



If no crossing exists, you may cross when safe, but always straight across, not zigzagging.








Other pedestrian rules




Children should always be accompanied by an adult and kept away from the road when playing.



Pets must not be loose — walking with an unrestrained animal is prohibited, as it can endanger everyone.



Distractions: Using a mobile phone or headphones while walking is strongly discouraged. The DGT warns that this makes pedestrians oblivious to their surroundings and far more vulnerable.




What this means for drivers



Priority is limited to marked crossings, when turning across a pedestrian’s path such as at a junction even if no crossing exists, or when entering/exiting a driveway or car park. Around schools in particular, expect children to cross suddenly, sometimes without looking. Slow down, be alert, and give extra space.



A shared responsibility



Spain’s rules are clear: drivers must protect vulnerable road users, but pedestrians must also act responsibly. By respecting crossings, avoiding distractions, and staying visible, pedestrians help reduce risks — and drivers who approach cautiously play their part in keeping everyone safe.

Excerpt: In Spain, pedestrians do not always have priority, except at marked crossings or when vehicles turn across their path. Tourists should note that pedestrians must use crossings where available, and drivers must stop when someone is waiting to cross.

### Walking to School: Visibility, Awareness and Safety

Walking to school is one of the healthiest ways to travel. It keeps children active, reduces traffic around schools, and is better for the environment. But as pedestrians are the most vulnerable group of road users, safety must always come first.



For Parents and Guardians



Parents can help by setting routines and teaching their children the safest habits:




Use pavements whenever possible. Roads are for vehicles; pavements are for people. Do not allow children to walk on the road unless there is no pavement.



Visibility is essential. In autumn and winter, or in bad weather, children should wear high-visibility clothing or reflective accessories so drivers can see them.



Plan the route together. Walk the journey with children a few times, pointing out crossings, junctions, and potential hazards. Encourage calm and safe behaviour.



Discourage distractions. Phones, music, or headphones reduce awareness. Teach children to stay alert when near traffic.




For Young Pedestrians



If you are walking to school:




Stay on the pavement whenever one is available.



If there is no pavement, walk facing oncoming traffic, as far to the side as possible.



Use pedestrian crossings where they exist. Remember:If the crossing has lights, obey them — red means stop.

Even on a zebra crossing, make sure approaching vehicles have seen you and are stopping before you step out.





Use footbridges if they are provided. They are there for safety, especially on busy roads.



Cross smartly. Walk straight across the road, never diagonally. Do not run, stop, or loiter while on the carriageway.



Roundabouts and squares. Never cut across them on foot; always go around.



Stay visible and alert. Avoid wearing headphones or staring at your phone — your eyes and ears must be free to notice what is happening around you.




For Drivers



Drivers must always remember that pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users:




Never park on pavements or crossings. This blocks safe walking routes and forces pedestrians into the road.



Slow down near schools. Children may cross unexpectedly, sometimes without looking.



Give space at crossings. Stop well before the marked area so children can see the road clearly and feel safe crossing.



Stay patient. Even if a child hesitates, do not pressure them by edging forward. Wait until they have crossed fully.








Shared Responsibility



Article 65 of Spanish Traffic Law makes clear that while drivers generally have priority on the road, they must never drive in a way that endangers pedestrians. Similarly, pedestrians must act responsibly — using crossings, following signals, and ensuring it is safe before stepping onto the road.



Walking to school can and should be a healthy, safe, and enjoyable journey. With visibility, awareness, and respect between road users, children can get all the benefits of walking while avoiding unnecessary risks.

Excerpt: Walking is healthy, but pedestrians are the most vulnerable road users. Use pavements where available, and if not, walk facing traffic. Wear high-visibility clothing in poor light and avoid distractions such as phones or headphones.

### Our Story, Your Health: 25 Years of Medical Innovation at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital  

25th Anniversary Commemorative Mural – Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 



To mark its 25th anniversary, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital has unveiled a commemorative mural that retraces, year by year, the key milestones that have shaped its history. Since its inauguration in 2000, the hospital has established itself as a benchmark in healthcare, grounded in medical excellence, clinical innovation, and personalised patient care. Under the motto “Our Story, Your Health”, the new mural – a visual timeline – offers patients, professionals, and visitors a look back at the defining moments of its leadership, development, and commitment to advanced, human-centred medicine. 



25 Years Leading Change 



The mural not only gathers together the most significant milestones since 2000, but also stands as a testimony to the pioneering spirit that has characterised Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital since its foundation. Over the past 25 years, the hospital has consistently been ahead of its time, becoming the first in Spain to implement medical techniques and approaches that transformed the way patients were treated. 



Among these achievements are: the introduction in 2001 of HIPEC (Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy) for peritoneal tumours; in 2004, the use of intraoperative radiotherapy with a mobile accelerator (MOBETRON) – the first hospital in Spain to adopt this technology; the launch in 2007 of the first Genetic Counselling Unit in the Valencian Community; and, in 2008, the arrival of the region’s first Da Vinci surgical robot. In 2009, the hospital carried out Spain’s first series of robotic surgeries for pancreatic cancer, and in 2010 it initiated an ambitious transcriptomics programme for personalised oncology care. More recently, in 2023, the hospital obtained Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation, and in 2025 began applying artificial intelligence to clinical diagnostics through tools such as the Scribe system, now implemented across all Quirónsalud centres. These are just a few examples of the many milestones that have consolidated the hospital’s reputation as a benchmark in medical innovation, technical excellence, and patient-centred care. 



Each of these milestones reflects a clear commitment to medical excellence, technology at the service of the patient, and a forward-looking approach to health based on anticipation and continuous improvement. 



12 Specialists, 12 Stories that Marked a Turning Point 



The mural features 12 QR codes linking to a series of short videos in which the very professionals who led these milestones explain their impact from a close and human perspective. Among them: 




Dr Antonio Brugarolas, Director of the Oncology Platform and Medical Oncology Specialist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr José Farré, Specialist in General and Digestive Surgery, Oncological and Robotic Surgery at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr Rosa Mª Cañón, Head of Radiation Oncology at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr Pedro Bretcha, Head of General and Digestive Surgery, Oncological and Robotic Surgery at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr Ramón González, Specialist in Medical Oncology and Genetic Counselling at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr Vanesa Escudero, Specialist in Hospital Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Ismael Manso, International Territorial Director, Quirónsalud Levante and Canary Islands 





Dr Cristian García, Specialist in Neurosurgery at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr Manuel Papí, Head of ENT (Otolaryngology) at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr Erika Torres, Head of Neurology at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr Juan Carlos Ruíz, Head of Hospital Pharmacy at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 





Dr Juan Costell, Head of Emergency Medicine at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital 




Through these videos, visitors can gain first-hand insight into what it meant for each of them to introduce techniques that were little known within Spanish healthcare at the time, and how these decisions contributed to consolidating the hospital’s clinical excellence. 



A Story that Continues: A Present with a Vision for the Future 



The mural concludes with the most recent milestones, highlighting the integration of artificial intelligence into patient records, structured clinical pathways, and a bold Master Plan that will transform the hospital over the coming years. This plan includes expanding the ICU, operating theatres, outpatient clinics, and critical care areas, alongside the construction of a new Emergency Department building and a therapeutic procedures unit, among other initiatives. 



In addition, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital is reinforcing its commitment to sustainability through a progressive decarbonisation plan, while also promoting health initiatives such as a healthy eating programme for patients and staff. 



An Anniversary to Celebrate All Year Long 



This mural is part of a wide-ranging programme of commemorative activities marking the hospital’s 25th anniversary, combining scientific outreach, humanisation, the promotion of healthy habits, and meaningful engagement with both patients and professionals. Activities include: 




“Our Story, Your Health” podcast series, featuring interviews with doctors and patients 





The Dreams Campaign, an initiative collecting wishes and messages from oncology patients, their families, and staff 





Charity run in aid of patient associations in Torrevieja 





Discharges Exhibition, showcasing patients as the protagonists 





Meetings with patient associations across the hospital’s area of influence 





3 October – HPV and Gynaecology Seminar 





23 October – 25th Anniversary Institutional Event 





November – Neuroscience Seminar organised by the new comprehensive unit 




Accessing All Content 



Visitors to the hospital can view the timeline on the physical mural, scan the QR codes to watch the videos, and access all extended content on the anniversary website: 




https://nuestrahistoriatusalud.com/en/

Excerpt: Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital celebrated its 25th anniversary by unveiling a commemorative mural that highlights significant milestones in its history, showcasing innovations in healthcare. The mural features a visual timeline and videos from 12 specialists, reflecting the hospital's commitment to medical excellence, patient-centered care, and future sustainability initiatives.

### The School Run Safety Advice Continues - The N332 Driving in Spain Podcast

In this week's episode of the N332 Driving in Spain Podcast, we put the spotlight on the school run, delving into the rules and responsibilities for all road users. We cover essential safety tips for parents and children who walk or cycle to school, including the legal requirements for helmets and lights, and the importance of visibility. 



We also provide clear guidance for drivers on how to interact safely with vulnerable road users, such as the 1.5-metre overtaking rule for cyclists and the need to slow down near schools. 



We break down common misconceptions about pedestrian priority under Spanish law and remind everyone that road safety is a shared responsibility. 



Plus, we take a look back at key moments in Spanish motoring history. 



Tune in to ensure your family's journey to school is a safe and healthy one.









Transcript




This week, our focus has been firmly on the safety of children as they make their way to school. The school run, whether by car, on foot, or by bike, can be a time of increased traffic and heightened risk. That’s why we’re publishing a series of articles on the N332 website, which I’m going to share with you now.



We've been looking at the vital role that visibility, awareness, and safety play for pedestrians. As the most vulnerable group of road users, children walking to school must be protected. One of the key messages is for parents to plan the route together with their children, highlighting crossings, junctions, and potential hazards. And, especially in the darker autumn and winter months, it is essential that children wear high-visibility clothing or reflective accessories so they can be seen by drivers.



For young walkers, the rules are clear: stay on the pavement, and if there isn't one, walk facing oncoming traffic. Pedestrian crossings are there for a reason, and while a zebra crossing gives you priority, it’s still crucial to make sure vehicles have seen you and are stopping before you step out.



But the responsibility isn't just on the pedestrians. Drivers must also play their part. This includes never parking on pavements or crossings and always slowing down near schools, as children can be unpredictable. As Article 65 of Spanish Traffic Law states, drivers must never act in a way that endangers pedestrians.



Now, let's talk about cycling to school. It’s a healthy, independent, and eco-friendly way to travel, but it also comes with its own set of risks. The law in Spain is very specific about cyclists, especially children. For riders under 16, a helmet is mandatory on any road. Visibility is also key, and bikes must have a front white light, a rear red light, and a rear reflector when visibility is poor.



Children on bikes are considered a vehicle on the road, and they must follow the same rules as drivers. This means no riding on pavements unless there’s a designated cycle lane. And just like in a car, using headphones, earphones, or mobile phones while cycling is strictly forbidden as they are a major distraction. A crucial point to remember is that you must get off your bike and walk it across a zebra crossing; riding across does not give you priority.



For drivers, the rules for overtaking a cyclist are clear: you must leave at least 1.5 metres of lateral distance. You are even permitted to cross a solid white line to do this, but only if the opposite lane is completely clear and it’s safe to do so.



And finally, we’ve taken a broader look at pedestrian priorities in Spain. It's a common misconception that pedestrians have automatic priority everywhere. The truth is, both drivers and pedestrians have specific obligations under Spanish law. For example, pedestrians are required to use crossings or footbridges if they are nearby. You can't just cut across the road, walk diagonally, or cross at roundabouts. In towns, the DGT even recommends walking closer to the middle of the pavement, away from the kerb, to reduce the risk of being hit by a vehicle.



All of these articles are available on the N332.es website, and I urge you to read them. They provide essential information to help keep our roads safe for everyone, especially our most vulnerable users.



Now, let's take a look at what was happening in the world of motoring history this week.



It was this week in 1921 that the first-ever motor race was held in Spain on public roads. The race was held on a circuit near the town of Sitges, not far from Barcelona. It was an unofficial but hugely popular event that helped ignite a passion for motorsport in Spain.



Then, a year later in 1922, a group of enthusiasts founded the Royal Automobile Club of Spain, known as the RACE. Its mission was to promote and defend the interests of motorists and to improve road infrastructure in the country. A mission that it continues to fulfil to this day.



Finally, in 1965, the first Spanish-built Ford was produced at the factory in Valencia. The model was the Ford Transit, which went on to become an iconic vehicle in Spain and across Europe.



And that brings us to the end of this week's podcast. I hope you've found the information on school run safety helpful and that it encourages you to be extra cautious and aware on the roads, whether you're a driver, cyclist, or pedestrian. Remember, road safety is a shared responsibility.



Please be sure to visit N332.es to read the full articles on walking, cycling, and pedestrian rules, and to find out more about Spanish traffic law and road safety.



Don't forget to subscribe to the podcast on your favourite platform so you never miss an episode. You can also follow us on social media for more updates.



Until next time, drive safely, and thanks for listening.






Internal Audio Player












https://open.spotify.com/show/5VtwQgQjJENVE1YixBNMsw?si=66256886257e40e2

Excerpt: This week on the N332 Driving in Spain podcast, we're all about the school run! We're breaking down the rules for walkers, cyclists, and drivers to make sure every journey to school is as safe as it can be.

### E-Scooters: Staying Safe on the School Run

Electric scooters, or Vehículos de Movilidad Personal (VMP) as they are defined in Spain, are increasingly common on the school run. They may be small, but they are vehicles, and the law treats them as such. Used responsibly, they can provide a quick, healthy, and environmentally friendly way to travel. Used carelessly, they can cause serious accidents.



1. For Parents and Guardians



Parents have the most important role in keeping young riders safe. Before allowing a child to ride:




Check the local rules. Remember that every municipality can impose its own regulations. Minimum age limits, helmet requirements, and restricted areas vary from town to town.



Insist on protective gear. A helmet is the single most important item. Even if local rules do not require one, a helmet can prevent life-changing injuries. Knee and elbow pads, while optional, are also worth considering.



Discuss responsibility. Explain that an e-scooter is not a toy but a vehicle. Riders must follow the same road laws as cyclists — stopping at red lights, giving way, and never riding on pavements unless a local rule allows it.



Set boundaries. Encourage sensible routes, ideally away from the busiest roads, and make sure your child is confident in traffic before letting them ride alone.



Maintain the scooter. Check brakes, tyres, lights, and reflectors regularly, just as you would for a bicycle.




2. For Young Riders



If you use an e-scooter to get to school, you have the same duties as any other road user:




Follow the rules of the road. Stop at red lights, signal when necessary, and respect speed limits.



Stay visible. Wear bright or reflective clothing, especially in poor light, and always use lights at night.



Protect your head. A helmet is not optional — it could save your life.



Stay alert. Do not use mobile phones, headphones, or anything else that distracts you or prevents you from hearing traffic.



Ride solo. Passengers are not allowed on e-scooters. They are designed for one rider only.



Be careful where you ride. Pavements are generally off-limits. Stick to roads, cycle lanes, or areas specifically permitted by your local council.




3. For Other Road Users



E-scooters are still relatively new, and many riders are young and inexperienced. Drivers, cyclists, and motorcyclists should all take extra care:




Give space. Treat an e-scooter like a bicycle — allow at least 1.5 metres when overtaking.



Expect the unexpected. Young riders may not always judge traffic correctly, so slow down when near them.



Be patient. Scooters are slower and more vulnerable than most vehicles. Trying to overtake aggressively only increases risks.



Watch near schools. E-scooter use often peaks around school start and finish times, so be particularly alert in these areas.








Looking Ahead



The Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) has already confirmed that new national laws are coming. These are expected to introduce:




A standard minimum age for riding.



A national rule making helmets compulsory.



Mandatory insurance for all e-scooters.




Until then, local variations will continue. That makes it even more important for both parents and young riders to know the rules in their town and to ride with caution.

Excerpt: E-scooters are now a common sight on the school run. Officially classed as vehicles, they must follow road laws. Local councils may set their own rules, including age limits and helmet requirements, so parents must check locally

### Sharing the Road with School Buses in Spain

As the school year begins, thousands of buses and coaches across Spain take on the daily task of carrying children to and from school. For other road users, it’s important to understand the unique features of these vehicles and how to drive safely around them.



How to recognise a school bus



Unlike in some countries, school buses in Spain are not painted in special colours. Instead, when they are operating as dedicated school transport, they display a yellow pictogram in both the front and rear windows. This sign is the clear indication to all road users that the bus is carrying children.



Why they may drive differently



School buses are subject to lower maximum speed limits than regular coaches. At times, they may travel more slowly than you expect. They also make frequent stops, sometimes in locations that are not official bus stops, to collect or drop off children close to their homes.



Overtaking and passing



In Spain, unlike in some countries, it is not illegal to pass a school bus while it is stopped to pick up or drop off passengers. However, extreme caution is essential:




Slow right down when approaching or passing a stopped school bus.



Expect the unexpected — children may step into the road without looking, often from in front of or behind the bus.



Give plenty of space when overtaking, and be prepared to stop suddenly if necessary.




Courtesy on the road



If a school bus signals to pull out, allow it to re-join traffic safely. These vehicles are carrying children, and your patience can prevent dangerous situations.



Final word



For visiting drivers in particular, Spain’s rules may feel different to those back home. But the principle is simple: whenever you see the school bus pictogram, assume children could be nearby — slow down, give space, and stay alert.



AI Generated Image for Reference

Excerpt: Tourists and visiting drivers may be surprised at the number of school buses in Spain, each marked with a pictogram. These buses are restricted to lower maximum speeds and stop frequently.

### Staying Safe on the School Bus

As a new school year begins, thousands of families across Spain are once again adjusting to the daily routine of getting children to and from school. For many, that means the school bus — a familiar sight on our roads, and a lifeline for parents juggling busy schedules.



Each day, hundreds of thousands of pupils travel by bus, with some near 20,000 vehicles dedicated to school transport. It is, statistically, one of the safest ways for children to make the journey. Even so, there are risks, and with a little awareness, parents and guardians can help reduce them further.



The importance of seatbelts



If a bus is fitted with seatbelts, they must be worn. Research shows that seatbelts can cut the risk of fatal injury by up to 90% in the event of a collision or rollover. A properly fastened belt keeps a child in place, reducing the chance of being thrown from their seat and limiting injuries to the chest, abdomen, and legs.



Since 2007, all new buses in Spain must be equipped with seatbelts. However, many older vehicles remain in circulation, and not all of them meet that standard. The government has recently advanced a proposal requiring all school buses to have seatbelts, though it may take years before this is fully implemented. In the meantime, parents should not hesitate to ask schools about the safety features of the vehicles they use.



Photo by kimmi jun: 



Simple rules for children



Parents and carers can play an important role by reminding children of a few basic rules for safe bus travel:




Never cross behind the bus.



Wait for the driver’s signal before crossing in front, and always pass at least three metres ahead.



Stay seated during the journey, with your seatbelt on if fitted.



Do not run to or from the bus.



Listen to the driver and monitor — their instructions are there for safety.




What parents can do



Alongside teaching children good habits, parents should check whether buses used by their school are fitted with seatbelts and whether a monitor travels with younger pupils. Where possible, encourage schools to choose operators with modern, well-equipped vehicles.



Campaigns and enforcement



Later this year, the Guardia Civil, the DGT, and local police will take part in a nationwide campaign on seatbelt and child restraint use, with specific attention given to school buses. While enforcement is important, the message is simple: these rules exist for one reason — to save lives.

Excerpt: Each day, hundreds of thousands of pupils in Spain use school buses. While statistically safe, risks remain. Children must always wear seatbelts if fitted, and remain seated. Never cross behind a bus, and wait for the driver’s signal before crossing in front at least three metres away. Campaigns later this year will monitor seatbelt use and driver safety to ensure journeys remain safe.

### Back-to-School Safety, eCall False Alarms, and Motoring History - The N332 Driving in Spain Podcast

This week on the N332 Driving in Spain podcast, we dive into a host of important topics to help you stay safe on the road. 



We'll be discussing the latest DGT report on Spain's summer road safety, and taking a closer look at new research on the high number of false alarms from the eCall in-vehicle emergency system. 



We also explore a potential new law in the UK that could affect all drivers. 



With the school year now underway, we have a special focus on back-to-school safety, covering essential tips for staying safe on and around school buses, as well as the important rules surrounding e-scooters. 



Finally, our motoring historian takes us on a trip through time to celebrate some key events from this week in automotive history.








https://open.spotify.com/show/5VtwQgQjJENVE1YixBNMsw?si=29b839ecb64c4a50

Excerpt: Join us for this week's episode as we cover everything from DGT road safety reports and eCall system issues to a deep dive into back-to-school safety around school buses and e-scooters. Plus, we'll take a nostalgic look at motoring history from the week of September 8th.

### Back to School: Safety Tips for Parents Driving Children

For many families, the school run means a car journey rather than the bus. It may feel like a routine trip, but it comes with its own risks. By following a few simple rules, parents can make the journey safer — not only for their own children, but for everyone around the school gates.



Car seats and restraints



Spanish law is clear: children under 1.35 metres in height must not travel in the front seat of a car, except in a few very specific circumstances (outlined on n332.es). All children must be properly secured, either with a seatbelt or an approved child restraint system that suits their age and size. Using the correct seat is not just about following the law — it could save a child’s life.



Loose items can be dangerous



It is easy to forget that it’s not only passengers who need to be secured. School bags, lunchboxes, football kits, and projects should all be stowed safely. In a sudden stop, even a small object can turn into a dangerous projectile inside the vehicle.



Safe and legal drop-offs



When arriving at the school, remember that normal traffic laws still apply. Double-parking, blocking entrances, or using hazard lights in prohibited areas is not permitted, even for a quick drop-off. Choose a legal, convenient, and safe place to stop.



Encourage children to exit the car on the pavement side wherever possible. Teach them to look carefully before opening the door, as they could strike a passer-by, a lamp-post, or even another vehicle. If a pavement-side exit isn’t possible, make sure they double-check for traffic before stepping out and move straight to the kerb once they are safely outside.







Before pulling away



Once your children are safely on their way, take an extra moment to check your surroundings. Blind spots can hide pedestrians and cyclists — particularly children — who may appear suddenly. A slow, careful departure reduces the risk of an accident in these busy areas.




By keeping these points in mind, parents can turn the school run into a safe, calm, and positive part of the day.

Excerpt: For many families, the school run means a car journey. Children under 1.35m must never travel in the front seat, and all children must be secured with the correct child restraint or seatbelt. Bags and loose objects should be stored securely.

### Back to School: What All Drivers Need to Know

September brings not just a return to classrooms, but also a return to busier roads. Even for those who are not parents, the school run can have a noticeable impact on daily journeys — and it is important to be aware of the changes.



Expect heavier traffic



Morning and afternoon peaks often become busier once schools reopen. In Spain, school timetables can vary with the season, adapting to daylight and weather conditions. This means finishing times are not always predictable. The best approach is simple: plan ahead, allow extra time, and be patient.



Recognising school buses



Dedicated school transport in Spain is marked with a special pictogram showing the type of service. These buses are subject to stricter speed limits, with their maximum speed reduced by 10 km/h compared to other vehicles.



More importantly, remember that a bus carrying children is a potential hazard zone. When it stops, pupils may step into the road unexpectedly, or run to catch it if they are late. For that reason, all drivers should give school buses more space and attention than they might for ordinary traffic.



Practical rules of the road




Slow down when approaching a stopped school bus.



Be alert for children crossing or moving unpredictably near the vehicle.



If a bus signals to pull out, allow it to re-join traffic rather than trying to overtake.




Courtesy is not only polite — it helps prevent accidents.

Excerpt: September brings not just a return to classrooms, but also a return to busier roads. Even for those who are not parents, the school run can have a noticeable impact on daily journeys. Visiting drivers in Spain, unfamiliar with local rules, must be particularly careful.

### N332 Driving in Spain Podcast - Back to School in September

As we shift into September, N332 places special attention on the school run—whether by bus, car, bike, or scooter. This month, all content carries a reminder to stay extra alert in school zones, observe reduced speeds, and respect children's routes and crossings.



We start this week rounding off August, with a look at Guardia Civil flags, before we move into our Back to School campaign, with advice for parents and guardians on the school run, as well as advice for thosewho might be sharing the road at the same time.








https://open.spotify.com/episode/10PtpUAz7dwqavZqVQY6ma?si=df9761ba8ad44c2d

Excerpt: September focus: school run safety and Guardia Civil flags, plus live alerts on school-zone driving, helmet rules, and a tragic child pedestrian incident.

### Understanding Guardia Civil Traffic Flags: Your Guide to Roadside Signals

While traffic lights govern junctions, coloured flags on Guardia Civil motorcycles serve a distinct and vital role in managing traffic flow on roads, particularly when unforeseen incidents or events occur. These signals are crucial for drivers to understand, ensuring safety and compliance on Spanish roads.



The Meaning Behind the Colours



Officers from the Guardia Civil's Traffic Group (Agrupación de Tráfico), who are highly trained in road safety and often seen patrolling motorways and rural roads, utilise a system of coloured flags to convey immediate instructions to drivers. They supplement these visual signals with sirens, lights, and arm movements for maximum clarity.



Here's what each flag means:



Red Flag: Stop – Road Closed



A red flag is the clearest and most imperative signal: it indicates that the road beyond the officer's position is temporarily closed to traffic. You must stop immediately and not proceed. This closure could be due to a variety of serious reasons, such as:




A traffic accident requiring emergency services to work unimpeded.



A heavy vehicle breakdown or other obstruction that renders the road impassable.



Adverse weather conditions (e.g., dense fog, heavy snow, or flooding) making continued travel unsafe.



Other critical incidents that pose a direct danger to road users.



An activity such as a cycle race which is closing the road to normal traffic.




If you encounter a red flag, you must wait patiently for the officer to indicate that the road is safe to proceed, which will be signified by a change to a yellow or green flag.







Yellow Flag: Caution – Hazard Ahead



A yellow flag means that extreme caution is required on the road ahead. When a Guardia Civil motorcycle is displaying a yellow flag, it signals to following vehicles that there is a hazard in the vicinity that could lead to a traffic accident.



A prime example of where you'll frequently see Guardia Civil motorcycles with yellow flags is during cycling races like the Vuelta a España. The officers act as vital escorts, signalling to drivers that there are cyclists and support vehicles ahead, requiring reduced speed and heightened awareness.



If you see a yellow flag, you must slow down significantly, increase your attention to both the road and your surroundings, and be prepared to react to any unforeseen circumstances. Always obey any additional instructions the officer may give, whether through hand signals or sirens.



Green Flag: Road Clear – Resume Normal Driving



A green flag signifies the opposite of a red flag: the road is reopened to traffic, and you may continue driving normally. This signal is typically displayed after an incident has been resolved and the area is deemed safe for regular traffic flow.



If you see a traffic officer on their motorcycle displaying a green flag, you can relax, but always remember to obey all prevailing traffic signs and speed limits as you resume your journey.



Understanding the Importance



These flag signals, along with the officers' lights, sirens, and arm movements, are a critical component of traffic management in Spain. They ensure that drivers are immediately aware of changing road conditions or specific hazards that might not be visible through standard road signs alone. Respecting these instructions is not just a legal obligation; it's a fundamental aspect of maintaining safety for yourself and all other road users. Always be vigilant for these signals, especially when navigating unfamiliar routes or during large public events.

Excerpt: Coloured flags on Guardia Civil motorcycles serve a distinct and vital role in managing traffic flow on roads, particularly when unforeseen incidents or events occur.

### What to Do if you are Caught in a Wildfire While Driving

Forest fires, or wildfires, can spread with alarming speed and unpredictable intensity, especially in dry, windy conditions, and once again this year, we have seen an increase in both the number of fires, and the severity. While authorities strive to close roads in affected areas well in advance, there remains a risk of being unexpectedly caught in such a situation while driving. If you ever find yourself facing a wildfire on the road, knowing how to react swiftly and calmly can be lifesaving.

















1. Stay Calm and Assess the Situation



The immediate priority is to remain calm and act judiciously. Panic can lead to rash and dangerous decisions. If you detect smoke or flames nearby, take a moment to assess their direction and intensity. Determine if you can safely avoid the area without putting yourself at greater risk. Visibility can be severely reduced, and disorientation is common, so carefully evaluate your surroundings. If you are already surrounded by fire, attempting to retreat might not be the safest option.



2. Avoid Driving Through Flames



One of the most critical mistakes is attempting to drive directly through a burning area. What might appear less intense from a distance can quickly engulf your vehicle in intense heat and flames. The extreme heat can cause tyres to burst, and toxic gases can rapidly infiltrate the passenger compartment. If the fire completely blocks your path, turn around if it's still safe to do so, or seek a safe area to take shelter.



3. Seal Your Vehicle's Interior



If you are near smoke or fire, immediately close all your vehicle's windows and turn off the ventilation system. Also, ensure all air intakes are closed. This action is crucial to prevent the ingress of smoke, which can be highly toxic. Wildfires often generate hazardous gases like carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide, as well as fine particulate matter, all of which can rapidly impair breathing and lead to loss of consciousness.



4. Stay Informed



Whenever possible, tune into your car radio, particularly local Spanish stations. Emergency services and authorities frequently issue real-time alerts or instructions to those stations. If you have mobile network coverage and sufficient battery, official mobile apps can also provide vital updates, but be aware that networks can become congested or fail in such emergencies.



5. Seek Out Safe, Open Areas



If escape from the affected area isn't possible, your immediate priority is to find the safest possible place to wait out the fire. Look for open, vegetation-free areas such as clearings, car parks, cultivated fields, or dirt/asphalt surfaces, ensuring you are well away from trees and bushes. Avoid stopping on slopes or in valleys; fires tend to spread more rapidly uphill, and smoke can accumulate densely in low-lying areas. Always keep an eye on the fire's movement and try to position yourself as far away as possible, as flames can spread with astonishing speed.



6. Contact Emergency Services



As soon as it is safe to do so, call 112 (the European emergency number). Provide your precise location, using road names, kilometre markers, nearby landmarks, or GPS coordinates if your phone provides them. Describe the situation clearly: whether there's visible fire, dense smoke, if you are trapped, or if you are able to move. The more accurate information you provide, the more effectively emergency services can locate and assist you.



7. Remain Inside Your Vehicle if Trapped



It might seem counter-intuitive, but the interior of a car can offer a degree of protection from fire, at least for a short period. While it's not foolproof, it's generally safer than attempting to flee on foot without a clear escape route. Running aimlessly in dense smoke, extreme heat, and poor visibility can be far more dangerous, with many fatalities occurring when individuals try to escape on foot with no clear direction.



If you find yourself surrounded by flames and unable to move forward or escape on foot, park your car in the clearest area possible. If feasible, orient the rear of the vehicle towards the fire, as the engine compartment is typically more flammable. Turn off the engine, leave the hazard lights on, then crouch as low as possible inside the car, covering yourself with clothing or thick blankets if available. Wait for the fire front to pass; it often does so within a few minutes, though it may feel like an eternity.



8. Conserve Phone Battery



Try to conserve your mobile phone's battery as much as possible. Avoid using power-intensive applications like video streaming or social media, and activate power-saving mode. Save your battery for receiving crucial calls, emergency instructions, or for sending your location if required.



9. Consider an Emergency Kit



While nobody expects to be caught in a wildfire, if you frequently travel through forested, rural, or other high-risk areas, it's prudent to carry a small emergency kit in your car. This could include a fire blanket or a foil emergency blanket, a torch, water, energy bars, an FFP2 mask (highly effective against smoke), a portable phone charger, and a physical map of the area. Carrying extra clothing made from natural fibres like cotton or wool, which offer better heat protection than synthetics, can also be beneficial.



10. Post-Fire: Depart Only When Safe



Once the immediate fire front has passed, do not immediately exit your car. Wait a few minutes for the smoke to clear. Carefully observe your surroundings to ensure there is no risk of new outbreaks or falling trees. If you can move, proceed with extreme caution and do not leave the area until you receive authorisation from authorities or can definitively confirm that it is safe to do so.



When you eventually manage to escape the affected area, it's important to inform emergency services of your situation, even if you no longer require assistance. This helps them update their maps of where people are located and ensures rescue teams don't spend unnecessary time searching for you.

Excerpt: Forest fires, or wildfires, can spread with alarming speed and unpredictable intensity, especially in dry, windy conditions, and once again this year, we have seen an increase in both the number of fires, and the severity.

### Have you Heard of the 'Rebound Effect'?

Safe driving isn't just about a well-maintained vehicle or good road conditions; it's profoundly influenced by the driver's physical and mental state. Within this context, understanding the 'rebound effect' is crucial – a dangerous phenomenon that can severely compromise your safety on the road. This effect occurs when stimulants, such as coffee, are consumed to combat sleepiness or fatigue, creating an artificial burst of energy that then abruptly dissipates, often leaving the driver in a worse state than before.



It's a common scenario: turning to caffeine or energy drinks to stay awake during long journeys or after a heavy meal. However, these seemingly positive initial effects can backfire significantly, sharply decreasing alertness and elevating the risk of a serious accident.

















What Exactly is the Rebound Effect?



The rebound effect is essentially your body's response to the temporary masking of fatigue by a stimulant like caffeine. Initially, the driver experiences a surge of alertness and energy, leading to a false sense of confidence. However, this 'high' is short-lived. Once the body has metabolised the substance, the inevitable 'crash' occurs, often more abruptly and intensely than the initial fatigue, drastically reducing reaction time.



The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) in Spain recognises this state as potentially hazardous. It can leave the driver feeling even more tired and reacting more slowly than they would have before consuming the stimulant. Essentially, excessive consumption of coffee or other stimulant drinks while driving can create a deceptive cycle that undermines true alertness.



Recognising the Signs



The insidious nature of the rebound effect lies in its often subtle onset. It’s vital to recognise its signs early:




Sudden feeling of sleepiness, even after having consumed coffee or other stimulants.



Difficulty maintaining concentration on the road or surroundings.



Slower reflexes and potentially blurred or uncomfortable vision.



A strange bodily sensation or general discomfort without an apparent cause.



Microsleeps: brief, involuntary periods of sleep, sometimes lasting only a few seconds, while still driving.




All these symptoms represent a very real and immediate danger, not just for the driver but for everyone else sharing the road.



Why Coffee Isn't the Solution



While grabbing a coffee might seem like a quick fix during a journey, especially at night or after a meal, the DGT explicitly warns that excessive caffeine consumption is not an effective long-term solution and actively contributes to the rebound effect. Consuming more than two cups on a long trip can create a dangerous false sense of security. This illusion of control is particularly perilous on the road, where even a momentary lapse in attention can have fatal consequences. Relying solely on coffee to stay awake is never advisable.



Fatigue and sleepiness are, in fact, some of the most significant risks drivers face.



The Motorway Monotony Trap



The rebound effect can be particularly prevalent on motorways. Their typically straighter, seemingly safer, and more predictable nature can lead to monotonous driving. This lack of constant visual stimuli and the absence of frequent stops can induce drowsiness without the driver even realising it. Many drivers will stop for coffee at service stations to combat this burgeoning sleepiness. However, the combination of this inherent monotony and the subsequent wearing off of the stimulant's effect can trigger an unexpected rebound, dramatically increasing accident risk.



Preventing the Rebound Effect: Plan for Rest



Avoiding the rebound effect requires proactive planning and responsible behaviour. Here are some essential tips:




Prioritise adequate sleep before embarking on any journey.



Plan regular breaks every two hours or after covering 200 kilometres, even if you don't feel particularly fatigued.



Avoid heavy, large meals immediately before or during driving, as these can induce drowsiness.



Limit your consumption of coffee and energy drinks. They are not a substitute for proper rest.



Keep the passenger compartment well-ventilated and at a comfortable temperature to help maintain alertness.



Divide long journeys into stages, allowing for significant rest periods to avoid accumulating fatigue.




Preventing fatigue not only vastly improves safety but also makes your travel experience far more comfortable and efficient.



Resting: The Only Responsible Approach



The true solution to the rebound effect isn't more caffeine or improvised remedies; it's proper rest. Stopping when your body signals fatigue and ensuring you get a good night's sleep before a long trip are fundamental measures to avoid dangerous situations.



It is never advisable to "push on for a little longer" if you feel fatigued. Taking a timely break can literally prevent serious consequences. Understanding how the rebound effect works and knowing how to detect its early warning signs empowers you to make more responsible and safer decisions every time you get behind the wheel.

Excerpt: Safe driving isn't just about a well-maintained vehicle or good road conditions; it's profoundly influenced by the driver's physical and mental state. Within this context, understanding the 'rebound effect' is crucial – a dangerous phenomenon that can severely compromise your safety on the road

### Summer Car Care: The Essential Fluid Checks You Can Do Yourself

Even though it is best practice to carry out vehicle checks before situations may occur, even in the height of summer it is essential to make sure your car stays in prime condition to face the increased temperatures and climatic changes.



While many drivers prefer to take their vehicle straight to a garage for a thorough check, and that is absolutely what you should do if you have any doubts, there are several fundamental maintenance tasks you can safely perform yourself.













Engine Oil: The Lifeblood of Your Engine



Engine oil is absolutely vital for the smooth and efficient operation of your car's engine. It lubricates moving parts, reduces friction, helps to dissipate heat, and cleans the engine. Checking its level is straightforward:



Preparation is Key: Ensure your car is completely off and parked on a flat, level surface. The engine should be cold or have been at rest for at least ten minutes to allow the oil to drain back into the sump, giving you an accurate reading.



Locate the Dipstick: Open the bonnet and find the engine oil dipstick. It typically has a brightly coloured handle, often yellow or orange, making it easy to spot.



Check the Level: Pull the dipstick out, wipe it clean with a lint-free cloth or paper towel, and then reinsert it fully until it clicks into place.



Read the Level: Pull the dipstick out again. You'll see two marks on the dipstick, usually labelled "min" and "max" (or sometimes a series of dots or cross-hatching). The oil level should be between these two marks.



Topping Up: If the oil level is below the minimum mark, you'll need to top it up. Always use the specific type and grade of oil recommended by your vehicle manufacturer – this information can be found in your car's handbook. Add oil carefully and slowly, checking the dipstick frequently, to ensure you don't overfill, as too much oil can be as detrimental as too little. In hot climates like Spain, high temperatures can cause oil to thin out, reducing its effectiveness, so using a high-quality oil with the correct viscosity is particularly important.



Coolant: Preventing Overheating in the Heat



The coolant (often referred to as antifreeze) is crucial for maintaining a stable engine temperature and, vitally in the summer, preventing overheating. An overheated engine can lead to severe and expensive damage.



Engine Must Be Cold: Just like with engine oil, it is absolutely essential that the engine is completely cold before checking the coolant level. The cooling system operates under pressure when hot, and opening the cap on a hot engine can cause scalding hot fluid and steam to spray out, leading to serious burns.



Locate the Reservoir: Look for the translucent plastic reservoir, usually near the radiator. It will typically have "min" and "max" level marks etched into its side.



Check and Top Up: If the coolant level is below the minimum mark, carefully refill it with the appropriate type of coolant. Again, always refer to your vehicle's owner's manual for the correct specification. Never use just plain water, as coolant contains additives that prevent corrosion and raise the boiling point, which is crucial in hot weather. Coolant does degrade over time, so if it's discoloured or very old, consider a flush and refill.



Windscreen Washer Fluid: Clear Vision for Safe Driving



Maintaining a clear view of the road is paramount for safety, and clean windows are essential, especially with summer dust, insects, and pollen. Checking the windscreen washer fluid is arguably the simplest fluid check:



Locate the Reservoir: Find the reservoir, which is usually translucent and marked with a symbol of a windscreen with water jets or drops.



Check and Refill: You'll easily see if the level is low or empty. Simply open the cap and add specific windscreen washer fluid. These can be found at any service station or auto parts shop.



Avoid Plain Water: While tempting, don't use just plain tap water. Dedicated windscreen washer fluids contain cleaning agents that effectively break down grease, road grime, and stubborn insect residues – common nuisances in summer. Plain water can also leave mineral deposits that may clog the system over time, and it lacks the necessary detergents for a truly clean windscreen. Some summer-specific washer fluids even include bug-removing formulas.

Excerpt: Even in the height of summer it is essential to make sure your car stays in prime condition to face the increased temperatures and climatic changes.

### Wildfire, Car Care, and Coffee, plus the latest from the UK and Europe!

In this week's podcast, we dive into the latest road safety news and traffic updates from Spain and the UK, including the DGT's "Special August Operations" and a Bank Holiday traffic warning in the UK. 



Our main features include crucial advice on what to do if you are caught in a wildfire while driving, an explanation of the dangerous "rebound effect" of stimulants like coffee on long journeys, and a simple guide to essential summer car fluid checks you can do yourself. 



We also take a look back in motoring history to celebrate a major Spanish automotive anniversary.

Excerpt: This week on the N332 Driving in Spain Podcast, we cover critical summer safety topics, from surviving a wildfire to the dangers of caffeine on the road. Plus, we celebrate a landmark anniversary for Spanish motoring history.

### Ensuring Your Vehicle is Roadworthy: A Guide to Spanish Regulations

For anyone driving on Spanish roads, understanding what constitutes a "roadworthy" vehicle is paramount. Beyond mere appearance, a car's fitness for the road is a matter of safety, compliance, and legal obligation. These conditions are rigorously enforced through mandatory ITV (Technical Vehicle Inspection) tests and by traffic authorities in roadside checks. So, what exactly does it mean for a vehicle to be roadworthy under Spanish law?



The Fundamentals of Roadworthiness



At its core, a roadworthy vehicle must meet several key criteria to ensure the safety of its occupants and other road users. This includes:



Structural Integrity: The vehicle must be free from any structural damage or deformation that could compromise its safety or stability on the road. Think of it as the car's foundational health.



Operational Systems: All mandatory systems and equipment – from lights to brakes – must be installed, fully functional, and properly maintained. A car is only as safe as its weakest link.



Technical and Environmental Compliance: Vehicles must adhere to all applicable technical standards and environmental limits, including emissions. This is about meeting modern safety and environmental expectations.



Absence of Defects: There should be no visible leaks, excessive wear, or any unsafe modifications that could pose a risk.





























Critical Vehicle Systems Under Scrutiny



During an ITV inspection, or indeed any roadside check, specific critical systems are meticulously evaluated. These are the components that directly impact a vehicle's ability to drive safely:



a) Braking System:



The brakes are non-negotiable. Inspectors check for appropriate brake pedal travel and resistance, ensuring braking power is within tolerance for both axles. The handbrake or parking brake must effectively hold the vehicle on a slope. Crucially, there should be no fluid leaks, malfunctioning warning lights, or an imbalance in braking power between wheels.



b) Steering Mechanism:



A vehicle’s steering must be precise and responsive. Checks include ensuring the steering wheel turns freely and returns to a neutral position, with no excessive play in the linkages. Power steering, if fitted, must function correctly, and there should be no interference with the suspension or bodywork.



c) Suspension and Axles:



The suspension system is vital for control and comfort. Springs, dampers (shock absorbers), and bushings must be intact and efficient. Inspectors look for any imbalance between sides or damage that affects the vehicle's ride height, along with correct axle alignment and proper tyre contact with the road.



d) Wheels and Tyres:



Tyres are the only contact point with the road, making their condition critical. They must have adequate tread depth (a minimum of 1.6 mm for cars), with no dangerous cuts, bulges, or exposed cords. Furthermore, tyres must be of the correct size, type, and load rating for the vehicle, and properly inflated.



e) Lights and Electrical System:



All required lights – headlights, indicators, brake lights, etc. – must be present and fully functional. There should be no cracked, misaligned, or non-compliant bulbs. The battery, wiring, and alternator must also function safely to power these essential components.



f) Emissions and Exhaust:



Environmental compliance is key. Emission levels must meet the applicable Euro standard, and there should be no visible smoke or abnormal noise from the exhaust. The exhaust system itself must be intact, securely mounted, and free from leaks.



g) Bodywork and Structure:



The vehicle's exterior also plays a role in safety. There should be no sharp edges or dangerous projections, and no corrosion or damage that compromises the vehicle's structural integrity. Doors, bonnets, boots, and their latches must all operate safely and securely.



h) Glass and Mirrors:



Clear vision is fundamental. The windscreen must be free from significant cracks or discolouration within the driver’s view. Mirrors must be securely mounted and undamaged, and windows, particularly those required for safety (like emergency exits), must operate correctly.



i) Seat Belts and Restraints:



Seat belts are a primary safety feature. They must be present in all required positions, fully functional, and free from fraying or damage. Their mounting and latching mechanisms must also work perfectly.



j) Interior Condition:



Finally, the vehicle's interior is assessed. Controls and warning lights must function correctly, and there should be no loose elements or defective instruments that could distract or impair the driver. Any unapproved modifications that could affect safety are also prohibited.



The Consequences of "Dangerous Defects"



Should any defect be classified as "dangerous" during an ITV inspection, the implications are severe. The vehicle is immediately deemed unfit for public roads and cannot be driven. It must either be towed or repaired on-site, if feasible. The ITV result will be unequivocally marked.



When Roadworthiness is Checked



Vehicles must meet these rigorous roadworthiness conditions during various scenarios:




Scheduled periodic ITV tests: These are routine inspections mandated by law.



Post-accident inspections: After an incident, a vehicle may require an inspection to ensure it's still safe.



Pre-registration inspections: Especially important for imported or significantly modified vehicles.



Random roadside technical checks: Conducted by the Guardia Civil or other authorised agents, these can happen at any time.




Safety Recall Campaigns



Manufacturers sometimes identify defects affecting roadworthiness after vehicles have been sold. In such cases, a safety recall campaign may be issued, and the necessary repairs must be carried out at no cost to the owner. Until the recall is performed, the vehicle may be flagged in the ITV registry, reinforcing the importance of addressing these issues promptly.



In essence, maintaining a vehicle's roadworthiness in Spain is not merely a formality but a continuous commitment to safety, ensuring that every journey is as secure as possible for everyone on the road.

Excerpt: For anyone driving on Spanish roads, understanding what constitutes a "roadworthy" vehicle is paramount. Beyond mere appearance, a car's fitness for the road is a matter of safety, compliance, and legal obligation.

### Keeping Your Car Cool in the Spanish Summer

The familiar scenario of stepping into your car after work or a day at the beach, only to be met by a blast of suffocating heat, is not just uncomfortable – it can be genuinely hazardous. In the scorching Spanish summer, temperatures inside a vehicle parked in direct sunlight can easily soar past 60°C. This extreme heat poses risks to both your health and the longevity of your car's interior. Thankfully, there are several practical strategies to mitigate this internal furnace and make returning to your car less of a nightmare.

















Smart Parking and Sun Protection



The most effective initial step to prevent your car from becoming an oven is to seek out shade. Parking under a leafy tree or alongside a building can make a remarkable difference, often cutting the internal temperature significantly. Remember though, shade moves as the day progresses. If shade isn't readily available, investing in reflective sunshades for the windscreen and front side windows is highly recommended. These simple yet effective accessories work by reflecting a considerable amount of the sun's harsh radiation, thereby slowing down the temperature rise inside the cabin. You must remove them before setting off though.



Another clever tip is to cover heat-absorbing surfaces like the steering wheel, gear lever, or seats (especially if they're leather) with light-coloured towels or dedicated heat-insulating covers. This prevents uncomfortable, or even painful, burns when you first get in. Furthermore, leaving the windows slightly ajar can allow for some natural ventilation, helping to dissipate trapped heat. However, this should only be done if your car is in a secure location where its safety and contents are guaranteed.



It's also crucial to protect your dashboard, which takes a direct hit from the sun's rays. Using an aluminium foil blanket or a specific dashboard cover can help prevent cracks, discolouration, and general material deterioration over time. Additionally, UV protection sprays are available for interior plastics, offering an extra layer of defence.



Clever Ventilation Techniques and Modern Gadgets



Before you even think about starting the engine, it's a good idea to fully open all the car doors for a few seconds. This allows the intensely hot, stagnant air to escape rapidly. Many will also recommend the well-known "Japanese trick," which involves opening one front door and then fanning the opposite rear door repeatedly. This action effectively "pumps" the superheated air out of the vehicle.



Beyond these simple tricks, there are various gadgets designed to assist. Some fans that fit onto the window can help extract hot air, often powered by solar energy. For those with newer car models, remote start systems are a game-changer, allowing you to activate the air conditioning minutes before you even reach your vehicle, ensuring a cool welcome. Some vehicles also come equipped with tinted windows that have a factory-installed heat filter, significantly reducing the amount of solar radiation that penetrates the car's interior.



Ultimately, keeping your car well-ventilated and protected from excessive heat not only enhances your comfort but also contributes to fuel savings by reducing your reliance on air conditioning. Moreover, it can significantly extend the lifespan of your air conditioning system itself, saving you potential repair costs in the long run. Embracing these simple habits means you can face the Spanish summer heat with a much cooler head, and a much cooler car.

Excerpt: The familiar scenario of stepping into your car after work or a day at the beach, only to be met by a blast of suffocating heat, is not just uncomfortable – it can be genuinely hazardous.

### This Week - E-scooter Insurance, Summer Car Care, and a Motorbike Focus, Plus More

In this week's N332 Driving in Spain Podcast episode, we look at what's coming up this week on the N332 website, including more on the pivotal shift in Spanish traffic law, with new mandatory insurance regulations for electric scooters. 



We also break down what it really means for a car to be roadworthy under Spanish law and offer some crucial advice for tackling the summer heat. Plus, a look back at the history of a beloved Spanish classic and a British icon.







We provide a timely guide on what it truly means for a vehicle to be "roadworthy" under Spanish law, exploring the critical checks that occur during an ITV inspection and roadside checks. Additionally, we share practical tips on keeping your car cool and safe during the intense Spanish summer heat. 



Our segment on motoring history looks at a significant Spanish coupé, the SEAT 850 Sport, and the iconic British Morris Minor. 



And, around the world, we look at "avoidable" motorbike deaths in Ireland, and how training is making a difference across Europe, plus, seatbelts and major changes to the UK's traffic law.



Tune in for essential information to keep you safe and legal on the road, and find us on your favourite podcast platform to have these episodes delivered straight to your door (well, not quite, but you know what we mean).

Excerpt: This week on the N332 Driving in Spain Podcast, we’re looking at some big changes coming to Spain's roads, particularly for electric scooter users. We also break down what it really means for a car to be roadworthy under Spanish law and offer some crucial advice for tackling the summer heat. Plus, a look back at the history of a beloved Spanish classic and a British icon.

### Mandatory Insurance for E-Scooters: A New Era of Responsibility on Spanish Roads

Electric scooters, or Personal Mobility Vehicles (PMVs), have rapidly become a ubiquitous sight in towns and cities across Spain, revolutionising urban travel. However, with their growing popularity comes an increased need for regulation and accountability. From 2 January 2026, a significant new obligation will come into force across Spain: all PMVs will be required to have a valid civil liability insurance policy. This change aligns Spanish regulations with European Directive 2021/2118, aiming to enhance road safety and ensure proper compensation for accident victims.



The introduction of mandatory insurance marks a pivotal shift. It is estimated that currently, a very small percentage of privately owned e-scooters are insured. While precise national figures are difficult to ascertain due to the lack of a comprehensive central registry until now, local estimates suggest compliance could be as low as under 5% in some areas. This stark figure highlights a considerable gap in protection, given the rising number of incidents involving these vehicles.



The Rising Tide of PMV Accidents



The surge in e-scooter usage has unfortunately been mirrored by a corresponding increase in accidents. Across Spain, cities have reported a significant uptick in incidents involving PMVs. For instance, in one major city, accidents involving PMVs nearly doubled from 62 in 2023 to 107 in 2024. This trend isn't new; historical data from as far back as 2018 shows a dramatic rise from single-digit accident figures. While e-scooters offer an agile and environmentally friendly transport solution, their increasing presence means a higher statistical probability of collisions with pedestrians, cyclists, and other vehicles.



Accidents involving e-scooters can range from minor material damage to severe personal injuries. Injuries to users often include fractures of the limbs and head injuries, with some studies indicating that a third of patients suffer traumatic brain injury in e-scooter accidents. Pedestrians can also sustain serious injuries if struck, particularly vulnerable groups like the elderly, with tibia fractures being a common outcome. These incidents underscore the critical need for robust insurance coverage.



What the New Obligation Means for E-Scooter Users



The upcoming legislation makes civil liability insurance compulsory for most e-scooters and other light personal vehicles. This means that if you, as an e-scooter user, cause damage or injury to a third party (another person or their property), your insurance policy will cover the associated costs.



Key aspects of the new requirements include:



Public Registry: Throughout 2025, a public registry of light personal vehicles will be created, requiring electric scooters to be registered. This will provide authorities with better oversight and facilitate enforcement of the new insurance rules.



Affordable Cost: Industry experts suggest the cost of a basic civil liability policy for an e-scooter will be relatively affordable, typically ranging from 30 to 50 euro per year. The premium can vary based on factors such as the coverage level chosen, the weight of the e-scooter, and its maximum speed.



Protection Against High Costs: While the annual cost is low, the benefits are substantial. Without insurance, a user responsible for an accident could face enormous financial burdens.



Compensation can vary greatly:




For minor material damage, such as a torn garment or a damaged mobile phone, the compensation will be lower.



For personal injuries, including medical expenses, rehabilitation, disability, or long-term after-effects, compensation can be considerably higher.



In the most severe cases, such as fatalities, compensation can reach figures of up to €400,000.



Damage to vehicles, road infrastructure, or street furniture can also result in significant costs.




Addressing Misconceptions: Home Insurance Exclusions



A common misconception among e-scooter owners is that their home insurance policy might already cover such incidents. However, many home insurance policies specifically exclude damage caused by motor vehicles, which often includes e-scooters. It is crucial for users to review their existing policies carefully and, if in doubt, consult an insurance broker to ensure they have adequate cover. For minors, policies must be taken out by an adult, with the minor added as an insured party.

Excerpt: From 2 January 2026, a significant new obligation will come into force across Spain: all electric scooters will be required to have a valid civil liability insurance policy.

### 96% of Drivers Testing Positive for Alcohol or Drugs Were Detected in Preventive Checks

Between 14 and 20 July 2025, the Guardia Civil’s Traffic Division conducted a nationwide campaign of 210,957 alcohol and drug tests, of which 4,234 drivers tested positive. Remarkably, over 600 drivers per day were identified as under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs.



The vast majority—96% of these positive cases—were discovered through preventive controls, rather than as a result of infractions, accidents, or visible symptoms.



Alcohol Detection



Out of 205,103 alcohol tests, 2,232 drivers tested positive:




2,019 detected at preventive checkpoints



78 following infractions



127 due to involvement in accidents



8 through symptomatic evidence of consumption




Of these, 246 drivers were referred for judicial proceedings by exceeding the limit of 0.60 mg/l in breath, and 13 were judicially reported for refusing the test.



Drug Detection



Among 5,854 drug tests, 2,248 returned positive results:




2,016 found via preventive checks



120 post-infraction



112 after involvement in accidents




From these, 18 drivers were brought before judicial authorities for drug-impaired driving. The most commonly detected substances were cannabis (1,634 cases), cocaine (822 cases), and amphetamines (231 cases).



Preventive Measures with Real Impact



Beyond enforcement, the campaign served as a vital tool for raising awareness. It detected 4,407 drivers who were under the influence but remained within legal limits; most of these—4,130 drivers—were identified through preventive checks.



It underscores a critical message: even low levels of alcohol pose increased risks, as total abstinence remains the only truly safe option. Alcohol continues to be the second most common factor in fatal traffic accidents, present in 29 % of such cases.



Ongoing Vigilance



The Guardia Civil will maintain these random and preventive operations across both urban and interurban roads, especially as regional festivities approach. The objective remains clear: proactively deter impaired driving and safeguard public safety.

Excerpt: In a July 2025 campaign, 96% of drivers testing positive for alcohol or drugs were detected via preventive controls. Over 4,234 cases were recorded, including 246 judicial referrals for alcohol and 18 for drugs.

### A Minimally Invasive Technique Helps Control Resistant Hypertension and Reduce the Use of Medication

Arterial hypertension (high blood pressure) is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular disease and mortality worldwide. Despite advances in drug therapy and the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits, many individuals fail to lower their blood pressure to safe levels. In some cases, this is only achieved through complex combinations of medications, which can increase the risk of side effects.



For these patients, renal denervation is emerging as an effective and long-lasting therapeutic alternative. It is a minimally invasive procedure designed to treat resistant hypertension—meaning high blood pressure that does not respond adequately to multiple medications or lifestyle changes.



“Renal denervation allows us to intervene directly in one of the main mechanisms involved in hypertension: the sympathetic nervous system that surrounds the renal arteries,” explains Dr Mohamed Bayoumi, Head of the Haemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology Department at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja.“By reducing its activity, we can achieve stable and sustained reductions in blood pressure without the need to add more medication.”



How Renal Denervation Is Performed



Renal denervation targets the sympathetic nervous system that encircles the renal arteries, which plays a key role in regulating blood pressure. A catheter is inserted through the femoral artery, and small doses of radiofrequency energy are applied to selectively affect the surrounding nerve fibres, thereby reducing their activity.



The procedure takes between 40 and 60 minutes, is performed under conscious sedation and local anaesthesia, and typically requires only one day of hospital admission.



“It’s a safe technique, well tolerated by patients, with long-lasting benefits,” adds Dr Bayoumi.“In many cases, we are also able to reduce the medication burden, which significantly improves patients’ quality of life.”



Benefits for Patients with Hypertension



The benefits observed include a significant and sustained reduction in blood pressure, a gradual decrease in the use of antihypertensive drugs, and an overall improvement in cardiovascular risk.



Moreover, by achieving more effective blood pressure control, the technique helps prevent serious complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, progressive kidney damage, and hypertensive retinopathy.



“Untreated resistant hypertension is a major risk factor for severe cardiovascular events,” warns Dr Bayoumi.“Renal denervation not only reduces this risk, but also opens a new treatment avenue for patients who have no other effective alternatives.”



This technique therefore represents a hopeful option for many patients with difficult-to-control hypertension, offering long-term benefits and an improved cardiovascular prognosis.



You can learn more about this procedure in the video below:https://youtu.be/5vmEPb9Gm1I




https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vmEPb9Gm1I&feature=youtu.be

### DGT Launches Special Traffic Operation for 15 August Holiday Weekend

The Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) has activated a Special Traffic Operation from 15:00 on Thursday 14 August until midnight on Sunday 17 August to manage the substantial influx of vehicles during the extended holiday weekend.







At a Glance




Expected MobilityMore than 7 million road journeys—both long-distance and short trips—are anticipated over the four-day period as summer travel peaks and numerous local festivals take place.



Safety RemindersDrivers are urged to remain cautious throughout all journeys—especially on conventional roads and familiar routes. Short trips should not lower one’s vigilance. Importantly, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs remains strictly prohibited, alongside adherence to seatbelt usage, speed limits, and traffic signage.



Enforcement and SurveillanceThe DGT has mobilised considerable resources, including:

Traffic officers from the Guardia Civil



Staff from traffic management centres



Emergency response teams



Fixed and mobile speed cameras



Camouflaged vehicles for seatbelt and mobile phone checks



Helicopters and drones for aerial monitoring





Guidance for Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs)A dynamic shoulder lane will be implemented on the AP-4 motorway between Dos Hermanas (km 13 + 500) and Jerez de la Frontera (km 78 + 000) during peak hours (Thursday afternoon and Friday morning). It is advised that HGVs over 7 500 kg avoid travelling in the direction of Cádiz on this stretch during these times.




Traffic Flow Forecasts



Thursday afternoon (14 August): High congestion in urban exit routes and roads leading to coastal and second-home destinations, particularly between 16:00 and 23:00.



Friday (15 August): Continued intense traffic during 08:00–15:00, combining outgoing traffic with short-distance trips to beaches and festival sites.



Saturday (16 August): Sustained demand, especially in the morning, on routes towards coastal and residential areas.



Sunday afternoon/evening (17 August): Significant return-traffic congestion expected between 17:00 and 24:00, when holidaymakers head back to major urban centres.



Fire Risk Considerations



With heightened wildfire risk due to heat, drivers are encouraged to stay informed and avoid routes that may be affected by fires or road closures, to ensure safety and continuity of travel.



Busy Weekend Ahead



More than seven million road trips are expected, spanning both local and long-distance journeys as travellers head to beaches, second homes, and regional festivities.



Drivers are reminded to stay alert—particularly on everyday routes and for short trips—and to never drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs. Seatbelts must be worn, speed limits respected, and all road signage followed.



A comprehensive enforcement plan is in place: Guardia Civil officers, traffic centre staff, and emergency teams will be active alongside speed cameras, undercover vehicles, and aerial surveillance via drones and helicopters.

Excerpt: DGT has launched a special traffic operation for the long weekend of 15 August, deploying law enforcement, surveillance, and lane adjustments to manage over 7 million expected journeys while highlighting safety amid fire risks

### New Rules for Obtaining a Motorbike Licence in Spain

In July, the new regulations for obtaining the class “A” motorcycle licence in Span been in force, with important new features.



According to DGT statistics, motorcycles in Spain are only represent 19% of the total number of vehicles and only 3% of road trips are made with them, however, due to their vulnerability and, in some cases, bad behaviour, they are the protagonists of the 27% of deaths in traffic accidents, which means that 1 in 4 people who died was a motorcyclist. This percentage is undoubtedly very high considering what they represent within the Spanish vehicle fleet.



The latest DGT statistics do not end here, as they also report that 3 out of 4 fatal accidents involve large-displacement motorcycles (over 500 cc) with half of the cases being caused by leaving the road, with no other vehicles involved, most of which occurred on secondary roads.



That is entirely the reason that the DGT has put the focus on large-displacement motorcycles, those that according to current regulations can only be driven if the driver has an A licence. There have been increased monitoring and checking of motorbikes by the traffic police during summer weekends, and now, special emphasis on the requirements to obtain a licence in the first place, with more education and testing before being let loose on the road.





















Requirements to obtain a motorcycle licence



To obtain the A licence, two years have had to pass since you obtained the previous licence, the A2, and therefore it is assumed that you have sufficient skill to perform the tests on a closed circuit. In this way, from now on, the open road driving with four hours of training, subtracting hours from the circuit to remain at two hours of training and, in addition, three hours of theoretical knowledge.



Because most accidents occur on conventional roads, of those four hours of open road training Two hours have to be done on this type of roads.



Until now, when you did road training, the driving instructor followed you in the car. That's over. The driving instructor will also have to follow you on a motorcycle. and in a group of no more than three people. In circuit formations, the group may be limited to a maximum of five people. Communication in both cases will continue to be via an approved intercom.



In relation to the above perhaps comes the great novelty, and that is that both teachers and students will have to mandatory use of an airbag vest in open road training (recommended but not required for circuit training) and, very importantly, it will be the driving school that will have these vests available. and will therefore provide them to their students. In addition, they will have to use a garment or vest that is reflective and identify them as trainees. In addition to this, and as was already mandatory, the trainee will have to complete the training with approved equipment, namely: a full-face or modular helmet, gloves, ankle-protecting boots, and a jacket and pants with protective gear.



As far as theoretical training is concerned, it will now be necessary to have knowledge about the ARAS driver assistance systems, ARAS, or Advanced Rider Assistance Systems, are a suite of technologies designed to enhance motorcycle safety and riding experience. They are inspired by automotive ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) but adapted for the unique dynamics of motorcycles. ARAS systems use sensors, like radar, to monitor the motorcycle's surroundings and provide riders with warnings or even intervene to prevent or mitigate potential collisions



Content on new forms of mobility related to electric motorcycles is also added.



Finally, it should be noted that these new features also include the possibility of carry out theoretical training online if the student prefers.

Excerpt: In July, the new regulations for obtaining the class “A” motorcycle licence in Span been in force, with important new features.

### Spain’s Summer Road Safety Update – Fatalities, Speed, City Safety, and Drug Driving

From summer fatality figures to the role of speed and impaired driving, this latest N332 Driving in Spain podcast brings you the latest road safety news direct from the DGT. We examine why urban fatalities are falling, how speed still drives one in four fatal crashes, and the alarming prevalence of drug and alcohol use behind the wheel. Packed with context, analysis, and safety tips, this episode is essential listening for anyone driving in Spain.







We unpack the latest figures and insights from Spain’s traffic authority, the DGT. July saw 112 people lose their lives in traffic incidents — slightly fewer than last year, but still a stark reminder of the dangers on our roads. 



We look at how speed plays a role in one in four fatal crashes, why urban fatalities are down by 6%, and the worrying statistics on drivers testing positive for alcohol or drugs. 



With analysis, context, and clear safety takeaways, this episode brings you the facts you need to drive smarter and safer in Spain.

Excerpt: Spain’s summer road safety update is here. Fatality figures, speed in deadly crashes, a drop in urban road deaths, and worrying drug and alcohol driving stats — all in this week’s N332 Driving in Spain podcast.

### Overtaking on Spanish Roads

Overtaking is one of the most common, yet potentially dangerous, manoeuvres on the road. In Spain, the Directorate-General for Traffic (DGT) places significant emphasis on clear regulations and signage to mitigate risks. Understanding the nuances of no-overtaking signs, where they apply, and the penalties for ignoring them is crucial for every driver. After all, many serious road incidents are directly linked to improper overtaking.



Deciphering No-Overtaking Signs



No-overtaking signs serve as vital warnings, indicating areas where passing poses a high risk. Visually, they are represented by a circular sign with a red border, featuring two cars – typically one black and one red on the left. The red car clearly signifies that overtaking other vehicles is prohibited.



These signs are strategically placed in particularly hazardous locations, such as zones with limited visibility, stretches of heavy traffic, or areas where an overtaking manoeuvre could compromise the safety of all road users.



At the end of a no-overtaking section, a similar sign will appear, but this time almost whited out, with diagonal black stripes.



The section between both signs will have a solid white line, or lines, in the centre of the road.

















Where Overtaking is Never Permitted (Even Without a Sign)



Beyond explicit signage, the General Traffic Regulations in Spain prohibit overtaking in several common scenarios, regardless of whether a sign is present:



Curves and Changes in Gradient: Reduced visibility in these areas makes it impossible to safely assess oncoming traffic. Therefore, overtaking on sharp curves and significant changes in gradient is strictly prohibited.



Junctions and Roundabouts: These are conflict points where vehicles are changing direction or merging. Overtaking is generally forbidden here, with the sole exception being if signs explicitly indicate priority, making a safe manoeuvre possible.



Level Crossings, Tunnels, and Underpasses: Due to the risk of encroaching into the opposite direction of travel, passing is not permitted at level crossings, single-lane tunnels, or underpasses. The only exception is when there are multiple lanes available in each direction. It's particularly important to remember that overtaking is never allowed at a level crossing with barriers.



Proximity to Pedestrian Crossings: Overtaking near a pedestrian crossing can dangerously obscure a pedestrian's vision and lead to collisions. Extreme caution and respect for pedestrian priority are always required.



Behind Large Vehicles: You cannot overtake a lorry or a bus that is already in the process of overtaking another vehicle. Their sheer size limits your visibility and makes it difficult for other drivers to react safely.



Overtaking Cyclists and Slow-Moving Vehicles



While general no-overtaking signs prohibit passing most vehicles, they do not prevent you from overtaking cyclists, mopeds, pedestrians, animal-drawn vehicles, or cranes, provided specific safety conditions are met:




Maintain a distance of at least 1.5 metres. This lateral separation is a legal requirement and crucial for the safety of vulnerable road users.



Do not endanger other road users, including those travelling in the opposite direction.



Reduce your speed appropriately before and during the manoeuvre.




Remember, when overtaking cyclists, always ensure that a minimum distance of 1.5 metres is left.



When Overtaking on the Right is Permitted



While overtaking is predominantly a left-hand manoeuvre, there are specific situations in Spain where overtaking on the right is allowed:




If the vehicle in front is indicating a left turn.



On urban roads with multiple lanes travelling in the same direction.



On roads where trams run in the centre, and you are travelling in a lane to the right of the tram.



When there is heavy traffic and the lanes are moving at different speeds, effectively forming distinct queues. If the right-hand lane is moving faster in slow-moving traffic on a motorway, you are permitted to overtake on the right without breaking the law.




Driving Behaviour on Motorways



On Spanish motorways, the general rule is to drive in the right-hand lane, reserving the centre or left lanes exclusively for overtaking. It's a common observation in Spain to see vehicles unnecessarily occupying the centre lane, which can impede traffic flow.



Penalties for Non-Compliance



Ignoring a no-overtaking sign is considered a serious offence in Spain. Penalties typically include fines of up to 200 euro and the loss of points on your driving licence. These measures are designed to underscore the gravity of the rules and encourage compliance to prevent accidents.



Recommendations for Safe Overtaking



Before initiating any overtaking manoeuvre, always:




Ensure visibility is adequate and that there are no signs prohibiting the action.



Use your turn signals well in advance to clearly indicate your intentions.



Maintain an appropriate speed throughout the manoeuvre.



Return to your original lane smoothly once safely past the other vehicle.




If you are ever unsure whether it is safe to overtake, the best course of action is always to wait. Caution and careful planning are key to avoiding risks.



Respect the Signs, Protect Lives



No-overtaking signs are not arbitrary; they are placed at critical points where the risk of collision is significantly elevated. Knowing what they mean, understanding the specific exceptions, and consistently complying with these rules can genuinely make the difference between a safe journey and an avoidable accident. If the situation isn't entirely clear, simply don't go ahead. Waiting a few seconds could very well save your life – and the lives of others.

Excerpt: Overtaking is one of the most common, yet potentially dangerous, manoeuvres on the road. In Spain, the Directorate-General for Traffic (DGT) places significant emphasis on clear regulations and signage to mitigate risks.

### Urban Road Deaths in Spain Fell 6 % in 2024

In 2024, a total of 488 people lost their lives and 5 043 required hospital treatment in 66 545 road accidents within urban areas. This marks a 6 % decrease in fatalities—equating to 30 fewer deaths—when compared to the previous year, accompanied by a 3 % increase in serious injuries, or 123 more cases.



Despite this encouraging trend, users considered vulnerable—including pedestrians, motorcyclists, cyclists, and personal mobility device users—still accounted for 79 % of all fatalities, though their numbers decreased by 31 compared with 2023. Specifically, fatalities among motorcyclists dropped by 16, pedestrian deaths fell by 8 %, and cyclist fatalities declined by 3.



Age remained a significant factor: 66 % of pedestrian victims were aged 65 or older, and 57 % of motorcyclist fatalities fell within the 25–54 age bracket.



Alarmingly, 28 % of those who died in urban road accidents had not used any mandatory safety equipment, such as helmets or seat belts—up from 26 % the year before. Among cyclists, 14 of the 18 fatalities did not wear a helmet; among users of personal mobility devices, 5 of 9 fatalities lacked protective gear. Among car occupants, 25 of 60 victims died without wearing a seat belt, and among motorcyclists, 15 of 123 fatalities occurred without a helmet.



These figures emphasise that while progress has been made in reducing urban traffic deaths, there remains an urgent need to reinforce safety behaviours across all modes of transport. Road safety experts point to the reduction in the maximum permitted speed on most urban streets to 30 km/h, introduced in recent years, as a key factor in lowering the severity of collisions and improving survival rates. The measure has given drivers more reaction time, reduced stopping distances, and significantly decreased the risk of fatal injuries for vulnerable road users, especially in residential areas and at pedestrian crossings.

Excerpt: Urban traffic fatalities in Spain fell by 6 % in 2024. Despite fewer deaths, vulnerable road users remain disproportionately affected, and nearly a third of fatalities occurred without mandatory safety equipment.

### The N332 Collection – 2025 Part 1 (paperback book)

Your Essential Guide to Driving Legally and Safely in Spain




Celebrating over 10 years of trusted public service, The N332 Collection – 2025 Part 1 brings together some of the most important road safety and motoring guidance for drivers in Spain from the first half of this year, especially aimed at the international community.



This first printed edition features clear, no-nonsense advice for English-speaking drivers and residents, covering topics ranging from emergency rules and new fines, to using indicators, understanding golf buggy laws, changes to the V16 light requirement, and even the truth about yellow road signs.



Compiled by journalist and driving instructor Mark Nolan, with input from Guardia Civil traffic officer Francisco Morales, this volume draws from the N332 platform—a project that has grown to nearly 300,000 followers across Spain.



Whether you’re behind the wheel every day or planning to move or retire here, The N332 Collection helps you navigate the rules, avoid costly mistakes, and understand what Spanish traffic law really expects of you.



Inside the 2025 Edition (Part 1):




Updates on the Emergency Corridor law



Do golf buggies belong on public roads?



What’s really happening with electric scooters and helmets



When and why you must use your indicators



How to spot and obey new warning signs



V16 lights, ITV rules, speed cameras, explained



Driving under stress: What the DGT wants you to know



Tunnel safety, pedestrian rules, motorway laws, and more




Whether you're a driver, rider, pedestrian or cyclist, this book helps you stay one step ahead of new regulations and ongoing reforms. It’s packed with practical, real-world advice and trusted by residents, schools, community groups, and law enforcement alike.



Available now on Amazon – search for The N332 Collection – 2025 Part 1 or click the button below to go direct to your local Amazon store:




Amazon Spain



Amazon UK



Amazon Global



Germany



Sweden





IF you are local to the Torrevieja area, there is a chance we will have some in stock here and can get a copy to you directly. Email news@n332.es if you would like to ask. If you are a retailer, you can also contact us to ask about getting supplies.

Excerpt: The N332 Collection – 2025 Part 1 is the essential handbook for safe, legal driving in Spain. Covering the first half of 2025, it includes updates to traffic laws, roundabout rules, electric scooter legislation, speed limits, V16 emergency lights, and more—written in clear English by the team behind N332. Perfect for expats, residents and community groups across Spain.

### Five Essential Tips for Choosing Your Car Tyres

With the summer months upon us, more of us are hitting the roads for holidays and longer journeys. Yet, a crucial component often overlooked is the condition of our car's tyres. They are, quite literally, your only point of contact with the road, making their integrity and suitability paramount for safety. So, before you set off, give your tyres the attention they deserve. If it's time for a replacement, these five tips will help you make a wise choice.







1. Only Mount Approved Sizes



It might seem obvious, but many drivers unwittingly overlook this fundamental rule: your car is approved to run with specific tyre sizes only. Installing an incorrect or non-equivalent size can lead to significant problems, potentially affecting handling, braking, and even legal compliance. To verify the correct sizes, consult your vehicle's technical data sheet (often found in section L.2 or in the comments section). Alternatively, you can check the sidewall of your current tyres if you're certain they are the correct ones fitted by the manufacturer.



You'll find a nomenclature such as 205/45 R17 89V. This code provides key parameters:



205: The width of the tyre in millimetres.



45: The profile, or aspect ratio, indicating the tyre's height as a percentage of its width.



R17: The rim diameter in inches, with 'R' signifying 'radial' construction.



89: The load index, indicating the maximum weight the tyre can support (in this case, 580 kg per wheel).



V: The speed code, denoting the maximum speed the tyre is rated for (here, up to 240 km/h).



It's vital to remember that the overall outer diameter of the new tyre cannot vary by more than 3% from the original specification, and the tyres must be approved according to the relevant UN/ECE Regulation.



2. Cheap Can Be Expensive



While there are some budget-friendly tyres that offer decent performance, generally speaking, the performance and safety offered by premium brands remain a step ahead. A high-quality tyre can be the deciding factor in critical situations, whether it's the difference in stopping distance during emergency braking, superior grip in wet conditions, or enhanced stability when cornering. Moreover, premium tyres typically boast a longer lifespan, meaning any initial price difference is often offset by their durability over time, making them a more cost-effective choice in the long run.



3. Choose According to Your Car and Driving Style



Tyres are not a 'one size fits all' solution. Different vehicles demand different tyre characteristics. For instance, an electric vehicle requires tyres with low rolling resistance to maximise its range, while also needing to withstand the high torque output of electric motors. A sports car, on the other hand, will prioritise exceptional grip, precise cornering response, and unwavering stability at higher speeds.



Similarly, your personal driving style plays a significant role. If you frequently undertake long journeys, you'll likely value comfort and low road noise. If you prefer a more 'lively' or dynamic driving experience, you'll want tyres that provide confident feedback and precise handling.



4. Consider Your Driving Environment and Climate



This is where the choice between summer, winter, or all-season tyres becomes relevant. For most regions of Spain, summer tyres are perfectly adequate for the prevailing climate. However, if you live in or frequently travel to colder areas that experience snow or sustained temperatures below 7°C, winter tyres offer vastly superior safety through enhanced grip in challenging conditions. All-season tyres present an intriguing compromise: while they may not excel as much as dedicated summer or winter tyres in their respective extreme conditions, they save you the hassle and cost of changing tyres twice a year.



5. The European Label: Your Silent Ally



For several years now, all new tyres sold in Europe have been required to carry a European tyre label. This provides a transparent and easy-to-understand guide to three crucial performance parameters:



Fuel Efficiency: Indicated by a rating from A to G, this measures the tyre's rolling resistance, directly impacting your car's fuel consumption.



Wet Grip: Also rated from A to G, this denotes how well the tyre performs in wet braking conditions – a critical safety factor.



External Rolling Noise: Measured in decibels (dB), this indicates the amount of noise the tyre generates outside the vehicle, contributing to environmental noise pollution.



The label may also display the mountain and snowflake symbol (3PMSF – 3 Peak Mountain Snowflake), which certifies that the tyre is suitable for severe snow conditions, or the icy mountain symbol for Nordic tyres designed for extreme ice grip. Paying attention to this label can provide valuable insights into a tyre's characteristics before you buy.



Bonus Tip



Ultimately, treating your tyres as the vital safety components they are, and making informed choices when replacing them, will ensure your summer journeys – and indeed all your drives – are as safe and efficient as possible.



If you are ever in any doubt, the best course of action is to consult a professional, who will be able to offer help and advice to satisfy your personal needs, as well as those of safety and legality.

Excerpt: With the summer months upon us, more of us are hitting the roads for holidays and longer journeys. Yet, a crucial component often overlooked is the condition of our car's tyres.

### The Latest Road Safety News and What to Expect This Week

In this podcast episode, we're bringing you the latest from the world of motoring and road safety, with a special focus on recent developments in Spain and the UK. 







We delve into a DGT article that highlights the challenges faced by drivers in rural Spain and explore new initiatives aiming to improve mobility in these areas. We then cross over to the UK to look at a new "one visit, more impact" trial by a local council to tackle the perennial problem of potholes. 



We also hear from the front line of accident rescue, as we get a first-hand account from the DGT on the life-saving work of firefighters and Guardia Civil officers. 



Plus, we'll be discussing this week's upcoming articles on the N332 website, including a helpful guide to choosing car tyres, an update on new rules for obtaining a motorbike licence in Spain, and an explanation of overtaking on Spanish roads. 



We also mention a significant new insurance act for Spanish drivers. 



Finally, we take a trip down memory lane, looking at key moments from motoring history for the week of August 12th to 18th, including a poignant look at the UK's first motoring fatality and the passing of a co-founder of a famous automobile company.

Excerpt: This week on the N332 Podcast, we’re tackling everything from the mobility struggles of rural Spanish drivers to an innovative new UK trial to fight potholes. We also pay tribute to the incredible work of emergency rescue services, hear about the upcoming articles on the N332 website, and rewind the clock for our weekly look at motoring history.

### Speed a Factor in One-Quarter of Spain’s Road Deaths in 2024

In 2024, speed was a contributing factor in one in four fatal road accidents recorded by the national traffic authority.



To confront this, the DGT has once again expanded the monitoring devices, and deployed another 32 new speed-monitoring devices in recent weeks — including 7 fixed and 25 average-speed radars — across roads in Extremadura, Castilla y León, Madrid, Canarias, Andalucía, the Balearic Islands, Castilla-La Mancha, Asturias, Cantabria, Galicia, and the Valencian Community.



Surveys reveal that around 60 % of Spanish drivers admit to exceeding speed limits Speed Limits on conventional roads, nearly 50 % in urban zones, and over 60 % on dual carriageways and motorways.



Since 6 July 2024, all newly registered vehicles must include the Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA) system. This technology alerts drivers when approaching speed limits and can even intervene to prevent exceeding them.



The DGT's latest speeding campaign, which was in conjunction with Roadpol, the European Traffic Police network, which took place from 4 to 10 August 2025, aimed to target both urban and interurban zones known for high risk and frequent speeding violations.

Excerpt: Speed contributed to one in four Spanish road fatalities in 2024. To combat this, over 30 new radars have been activated, and Intelligent Speed Assistance systems are now mandatory for new vehicles.

### Mohs Surgery Consolidates Its Position as the Most Effective Technique with Minimal Aesthetic Impact for Skin Cancer

• Particularly recommended for tumours located in areas of high aesthetic or functional importance, such as the face, neck, hands, or genitals.



Mohs surgery stands out for its meticulous ability to remove skin cancer by analysing the affected tissue layer by layer during the same procedure, using immediate microscopic control.



“This methodology,” explains Dr Laura Francés, Head of the Dermatology Department at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, “ensures the complete removal of cancerous cells while preserving the maximum amount of healthy tissue. This makes it especially suitable for lesions in sensitive areas such as the nose, eyelids, lips or ears, where preserving both functionality and appearance is essential.”



In this context, the Oncological Dermatology Unit at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, led by Dr Francés and Dr Carlos Hernández, has become a leading reference centre for Mohs surgery in Alicante. This highly specialised surgical technique allows for the removal of skin tumours with the highest cure rate and the least possible aesthetic impact.



Cure Rates and Indications for Mohs Surgery



Mohs surgery is particularly indicated for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma—the most common forms of skin cancer—offering cure rates significantly higher than conventional surgery.



“The procedure is performed in the operating theatre under sedation, and the patient can return home the same day. By analysing the tissue on the spot, we can be confident that all cancerous tissue has been removed on the same day of the intervention,” notes Dr Laura Francés.



Mohs surgery is especially recommended for tumours located in areas of high aesthetic or functional relevance, such as the face, neck, hands, or genitals. It is also advised in cases of recurrent skin cancers, tumours with poorly defined borders, or in aggressive carcinomas with a high risk of recurrence.



To ensure the best medical and cosmetic outcome, Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja has a highly specialised unit comprising expert dermatologists, pathologists, and plastic surgeons working in close coordination. “Each intervention requires not only surgical precision but also aesthetic planning. Our goal is not just to cure, but to help the patient recover their appearance and quality of life,” adds Dr Francés.



Types of Skin Cancer and Prevention



The most common type of skin cancer is basal cell carcinoma, accounting for around 80% of non-melanoma skin cancer cases. It develops in the deepest layer of the epidermis and typically appears in sun-exposed areas such as the face, neck, or hands. It may manifest as shiny bumps, wounds that do not heal and grow slowly, reddish patches, or non-specific scar-like tissue.



It is followed in frequency by squamous cell carcinoma, also very common, and to a lesser extent, melanoma, which, although less frequent, is the most aggressive due to its ability to metastasise. Melanoma originates in the melanocytes—the melanin-producing cells—and requires early detection for effective treatment.“We could say that basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma are the most frequent types, in that order,” explains Dr Carlos Hernández, dermatologist and skin cancer specialist at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja.



An ageing population and cumulative sun exposure over the years have significantly increased the incidence of skin cancer. Specialists at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja stress the importance of paying attention to signs such as wounds that do not heal, lumps that change in shape or colour, or areas that bleed easily.“At the first sign of suspicion, it is essential to consult a specialised dermatologist. Early diagnosis remains our most powerful tool for achieving a cure,” concludes Dr Hernández.

### New Motor Vehicle Insurance Act Improves Coverage, Compensation, and Safety for Road Accident Victims

The Spanish Government approved the new version of the Motor Vehicle Insurance Act in July, which extends compulsory insurance to a wider variety of vehicles and improves compensation. This represents a significant advancement in the protection of victims of accidents caused by motor vehicles.



This completes the parliamentary process for the Act, which transposes Directive 2021/2118 on civil liability insurance for motor vehicle traffic, as well as the control of the obligation to insure this liability. To this end, the Act amends the Act on Civil Liability and Insurance for Motor Vehicle Traffic and the Act on the Regulation, Supervision, and Solvency of Insurance and Reinsurance Undertakings. This new law will come into force the day after its publication in the Official State Gazette.



The Act establishes a clearer and broader definition of the vehicles that must have compulsory civil liability insurance; it expands the concept of a "traffic event"; it improves the system for valuing compensation for personal injury; it provides greater security for accident victims in case of insolvency by insurance companies; and it improves the authorities' control of the existence of insurance.



In this regard, the transposition of the directive extends the definition of motor vehicles, which entails the extension of compulsory insurance to agricultural or industrial vehicles, which were previously exempt, thus increasing the protection of victims. To avoid penalties for not having insurance, the owners of these vehicles will have a period of 6 months from the publication of the Act to take out this insurance.



As a result of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the concept of a "traffic event" is also substantially broadened, which will grant greater protection to victims of road accidents, as established by the directive being transposed.







Compulsory Civil Liability Insurance is Created for the Owners of Scooters



The Act also introduces the concept of a light personal vehicle, which are electric motor vehicles that travel on the ground by means of one or more wheels, have a single seat, and can reach a maximum speed of between 6 and 25 km/h if their weight is less than 25 kg, or a maximum speed of between 6 and 14 km/h if their weight is more than 25 kg.



These vehicles, which include electric scooters and personal mobility vehicles, must have compulsory civil liability insurance. The aim here is to reconcile the promotion of sustainable urban transport with the protection of victims of accidents caused by these new vehicles.



In order to establish the characteristics and scope of this amendment, the Valuation System Monitoring Commission will have 6 months from the publication of the Act to issue a proposal for the regulatory development of compulsory insurance for these light personal vehicles. Likewise, the Government must set up a public register of light personal vehicles before 2nd January 2026.







Traffic Scale is Modified to Increase Compensation for Victims



The Act also introduces substantial improvements in compensation for victims. These changes have the consensus of all parties involved, who meet in the Valuation System Monitoring Commission, demonstrating the willingness of the Public Administration, victims' associations, insurers, and experts in insurance and civil liability to improve the regulatory framework.



These modifications are intended to streamline the procedure for valuing compensation, avoiding, where possible, legal action by allowing recourse to any extrajudicial alternative for dispute resolution; facilitating police reports free of charge; and establishing shorter deadlines for medical assessment and the issuance of expert medical reports, among other measures.



With regard to the amounts of coverage, they will be updated in line with the Consumer Price Index. Some compensation scenarios are also increased and compensation is extended to improve coverage for those affected, such as people dedicated to household chores within the family unit.







New Functions for the Insurance Compensation Consortium to Assist Victims



Also with the aim of providing greater security for road accident victims, the scenarios for compensation covered by the Insurance Compensation Consortium are extended. In this way, the Consortium will cover accidents in the event of insolvency by insurance companies, even if they are foreign entities.



The Consortium will also be responsible for compensating victims of traffic accidents caused deliberately, as well as for new scenarios involving motor vehicles that are being driven without the compulsory insurance.







Supervisory Control Powers are Strengthened



Act 20/2015 on the regulation, supervision, and solvency of insurance undertakings is amended to introduce preventive recovery plans as a tool for anticipating and managing crises at insurance companies and to guarantee the suitability of the people who manage the insurance companies. In this way, the supervisory control powers are increased and improved.







Transparency Measures are Established in Relation to Insurance for Taxis



The Act establishes transparency measures to guarantee the stability of insurance for vehicles intended for the provision of the public interest service of passenger transport by taxi. This establishes information obligations for insurance companies, both when subscribing and when renewing insurance contracts.







Regulation of Compulsory Sports Insurance is Improved



The Act corrects deficiencies in sports insurance regulations, which will favour an offer of accident insurance for federated athletes, with wider insured sums than at present.

Excerpt: The General Courts have approved the new Motor Vehicle Insurance Act. This legislation broadens the scope of compulsory insurance to include agricultural and industrial vehicles, as well as personal mobility vehicles like electric scooters. The Act also introduces significant improvements to the compensation system for victims of road accidents, increases the powers of the Insurance Compensation Consortium, and strengthens supervision of insurance companies.

### Spanish Traffic Law is Not Just About Driving!

Generally speaking, when we talk about Spanish Traffic Law, we are referring to the Reglamento General de Circulación, the legislation which dictates how drivers should act. But that is not the only legislation we need to know of when driving in Spain, another important law is the Reglamento General de Vehículos, which, as you might guess, dictates standards for the vehicle.



Reglamento General de Vehículos



In Spain, there is a technical and legal manual that specifies the characteristics a vehicle must meet to be able to circulate. This is the General Vehicle Regulation, or Reglamento General de Vehículos to give it the proper name, and it also establishes how vehicles must behave on public roads.



Its importance is greater than many imagine. This regulation governs everything from brakes and lights to polluting emissions. It affects anyone who owns, drives, or manufactures a car. It is of such importance that learner drivers also must learn elements of this regulation for their test. Although some people might be unaware of it, it is an essential part of road safety and sustainability. Let's see what it covers.

















But what does the “General Vehicle Regulation” actually regulate?



Mechanical safety and mandatory systems



The regulations require all vehicles to have effective braking systems. The regulations establish minimum response and efficiency parameters to ensure that any vehicle can stop safely.



It also regulates the installation and approval of elements such as ABS brakes, brake assistance systems and electronic stability controls (ESP), among others.



Structural design and occupant protection



The vehicle's structure is also subject to regulations. It's not enough for it to function; it must protect. Therefore, the regulations require crumple zones, bodies made of resistant materials, and systems such as airbags and three-point seat belts. All designed to increase the chances of escaping unharmed in the event of an accident.



Emission control and sustainability



The General Vehicle Regulations establish clear limits for pollutant gas emissions. Control systems such as particulate filters and catalytic converters reduce the environmental impact of road traffic. Furthermore, it complies with the most stringent European regulations, such as Euro 6 standards, and continues to evolve toward cleaner technologies.



Regulated lighting to avoid accidents



Headlights, turn signals, and brake lights must also meet specific requirements. The type of light, its intensity, colour, and behaviour are all controlled. Everything is regulated to avoid glare and ensure the car is visible at all times.



Approval of new models



Before a new car reaches the market, it must pass a technical approval process. This ensures that the model meets all safety, emissions, design, and equipment requirements. Features such as automatic braking, blind spot sensors, and parking aids are already included in many of these current requirements.



Changes after registration



If you wish to modify your vehicle in any significant way, and we are talking about all types of vehicles, you will need to ensure your modifications will comply with this regulation. If you decide to install an electric motor in your classic car, for example, you'll need administrative authorisation and a technical inspection. The same applies to trailers. If you carry out modifications to a trailer, that too must be done in compliance with the regulation and certified for compliance. These modifications must be notified, and the vehicle must continue to meet the required standards. The goal is to ensure that the improvements don't compromise safety or violate current laws.



A key regulation for present and future mobility



The General Vehicle Regulations are not a static document. They evolve over time to adapt to technological innovations and current environmental challenges. Without them, road traffic would be chaotic and dangerous.



Thanks to this regulation, all cars in Spain are guaranteed to not only operate, but also do so safely and with a lower environmental impact. Compliance with this regulation is not only a legal obligation; it's also a way to contribute to more responsible mobility.



It's important to always stay up to date, as a violation of these regulations can result in fines, loss of points, and even vehicle immobilisation. Respecting these rules protects everyone and, above all, avoids unpleasantness.

Excerpt: When driving in Spain, another important law is the Reglamento General de Vehículos, which, as you might guess, dictates standards for the vehicle.

### July Traffic Fatalities in Spain: 112 Lives Lost Amid Growing Mobility

During July 2025, Spain’s road network saw 101 fatal collisions claiming the lives of 112 individuals—an increase of two compared to the same month in 2024, despite only a modest 3 % rise in long-distance traffic.



Encouragingly, there were three days without any fatalities—Monday 14, Wednesday 16, and Monday 28—showing that zero road deaths is achievable when collective effort is applied.



Safety Device Non-compliance



Alarmingly, 17 of the deceased were not using any safety restraint at the moment of the accident:




13 were occupants of passenger cars



3 were in vans



1 was in a lorry




This continued disregard for basic safety measures is deeply concerning.



Breakdown by Road Type




Motorways and dual carriageways saw a decrease in fatalities



Conventional roads witnessed a rise in deaths, reinforcing their greater risk




Victim Categories



There was a decrease of 15 fatalities among vulnerable users (pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists) compared to July 2024. In contrast, fatalities among car occupants rose by 13.



Regional Variations




Andalucía recorded the highest number of fatalities in July — 24 deaths



Castilla y León registered a significant drop, with just 10 fatalities, down from 17 the previous year




Looking Ahead



Spain begins August 2025 under heightened scrutiny. Last August saw 133 road fatalities, setting a difficult precedent. So far this year, road deaths total 632, which is 15 fewer than by this point in 2024. The challenge is clear: achieving a safer summer by prioritising vigilance and responsible driving.

Excerpt: Spain’s July 2025 roads saw 112 fatalities across 101 fatal crashes—despite three zero-death days, safety device non-compliance and conventional road risk remain serious challenges.

### Beach Safe with Trafford – A Fun New Animated Safety Video for Kids

Before Trafford the Road Safety Raccoon begins his autumn tour of schools across Spain, he’s taken some time out to enjoy the summer holidays – just like many of his young fans.



But Trafford is never off duty when it comes to keeping his friends safe. That’s why he’s created a brand new animated video, packed with sunshine, smiles, and sing-along fun — all with an important safety message.



"Beach Safe with Trafford" is the first in a brand new series of educational videos for children, designed to help young viewers (and their grown-ups) learn safety rules in a way that's fun, friendly, and easy to remember.



This episode includes not one, but two original songs that teach children how to:




Use suncream



Wear hats and armbands



Stay close to grown-ups



Watch for red flags and lifeguards



Respect the beach and sea




Whether you're on holiday or just dreaming of one, this delightful video is the perfect way to start the conversation about beach safety.



✅ Ideal for parents, teachers, and schools✅ Completely free to watch and share✅ Part of the N332 Road Safety Project



You can download the accompanying book and activities on the Trafford and Friends website, and the digital version is available on Kindle.



Watch the video now and stay Beach Safe with Trafford!




https://youtu.be/6eYAnAGPLE8

Excerpt: Before his autumn school tour begins, Trafford is heading to the beach! Watch “Beach Safe with Trafford” – a fun, musical animation helping children and parents learn vital safety tips while enjoying summer by the sea.

### Yeah, Put Your Feet Up... What’s the Worst that Can Happen? 

It is a common sight, particularly through the summer months, of vehicle passengers with their feet up on the dashboard, or even out the window. Sure, it looks “cool” and give a sense of summer relaxation, but those who do risk a hefty fine, but that would be the least of their worries. Because putting your feet up on the dashboard... What’s the worst that can happen? Well, how about life-changing, irreversible injuries, or death? 

















We will explain, so that you understand better, and hopefully think and therefore don’t ever put your feet up in a vehicle. Spanish traffic law is quite clear; all vehicle occupants must maintain a proper position when seated in a vehicle.  



Listen to the Audio Overview







Impedes Visibility 



When it comes to putting your feet up on the dashboard, there are three main reasons why. Firstly, the lesser of the problems, if can interfere with the driver’s visibility, both in terms of the view out of the windscreen, and also the view of the mirrors and the side of the vehicle, thus posing a significant risk to other road users as well as the occupants of the vehicle.  



The Submarine Effect 



Secondly, we have the “submarine effect”. The seatbelt is designed to keep the body as secure in the seat as possible, by means of three anchor points. When a person is not sitting correctly in the way we described, then in the event of harsh braking, or a collision, the seatbelt is unable to secure the body and it continues to travel forward, sliding under the seatbelt, and, in the worst cases, you continue, feet first, through the windscreen. 



Airbag Deployment 



And finally, we have another life-saving device, the airbag. Airbags deploy with immense force — typically within 20 to 30 milliseconds and at speeds of up to 300 km/h. Designed to cushion the head and chest in a crash, the airbag bursts from the dashboard with enough pressure (around 2 to 3 bar) to seriously injure anyone sitting incorrectly. If a passenger has their feet on the dashboard at the moment of deployment, their legs can be violently thrown backwards into their face or chest, resulting in devastating injuries such as shattered hips, broken femurs, or severe facial trauma. Even at modest speeds, the consequences can be life changing. 







How Airbags Work 



As a rule of thumb, airbags are likely to deploy in frontal impacts above 20–25 km/h against a firm barrier. Lower-speed impacts may not trigger them, but this depends on crash severity and sensor readings. So, imagine you are a passenger, driving along the seafront at a gentle 25 km/h, feet on the dashboard, looking cool... In the event of a collision, your airbag deploys, and your legs are suddenly met with the impact of a collision at 300km/h. 







Significant Risk Factors 



If we put that into context, in a 300 km/h head-on crash, the probability of survival is virtually zero. No conventional passenger vehicle, airbag system, or seatbelt can protect the human body from the forces involved at that velocity. 







300 km/h (approx. 186 mph) is well beyond the speed most vehicles are tested for. Standard crash testing (e.g. Euro NCAP) is performed at 64 km/h for frontal offset impacts. Cars are not engineered to protect occupants at speeds approaching 300 km/h. 



According to studies and real-world crash data, at 300 km/h, the energy involved is catastrophic. The force of impact is so great that: 




The vehicle structure is obliterated. 



Survival zones collapse entirely. 



The collision generates forces exceeding the limits the human body can physically withstand, even for a split second. 




A substantial percentage of real-world crashes — potentially more than half — occur at or below 25–40 km/h, particularly in urban settings. Up to 70% of all car crashes occur at speeds below 50 km/h. These include urban collisions such as rear-ends, roundabout bumps, sideswipes, and minor junction crashes. These speeds may seem “safe,” but they are often enough to trigger airbag deployment and cause serious injuries if occupants are not seated correctly. 



The slightly good news is that airbags do not deploy in the majority of all collisions, as the threshold isn’t met, but when they do, it’s because the collision is serious enough to risk major injury. This reinforces how dangerous it is to be in the wrong position — like with feet on the dashboard — even if you think the crash is “low-speed”. 



Don’t Put Your Feet Up! 



So, ask yourself, is it a good idea to risk your legs going through that sort of trauma? Because chances are, it could be the last time you do, one way or another.  

Excerpt: Feet on the dashboard may seem like a carefree summer habit, but it could end in devastating injury or worse. In Spain, it’s not only illegal to sit incorrectly in a vehicle — it’s potentially fatal. Airbags deploy at speeds of up to 300 km/h. In a crash, that cool, relaxed position can result in shattered bones, facial trauma, or death. Even at just 25 km/h, an airbag impact can destroy your lower limbs. Here’s why posture matters, and why “cool” could cost you your life.

### Overloading the Car: A Holiday Hazard

As thoughts turn to beach days and holidays, it's common to see cars packed to the brim with all the essentials for fun in the sun. However, a vehicle overloaded with luggage, beach gear, or holiday paraphernalia, whether by weight or simply by volume, presents significant dangers and is a common source of fines in Spain. Just as we ensure our furry friends are safely secured for the journey, everything else we carry in our vehicles must also be correctly stowed.



The Dangers of Unsecured Loads



"Correctly stowed" means two key things: secured and contained. All vehicle doors, including the boot, must be securely closed, and nothing should protrude from the vehicle in a way that could cause harm or obscure visibility.



The primary reason for these regulations is safety. An unsecured load, even something seemingly innocuous like a picnic box or a stack of towels, can become a deadly projectile in the event of sudden braking, a sharp turn, or a collision. Imagine the force of a cool box slamming into the back of a passenger's head, or even worse, into the driver's cabin. Load restraint isn't just about preventing items from falling out; it's crucially about preventing them from shifting in a way that makes the vehicle unstable to handle or causes injury or death to occupants.



Impact on Vehicle Performance



Beyond the risk of flying objects, the sheer weight and volume of an overloaded car can significantly impact its performance and manoeuvrability. The vehicle's handling characteristics will change, braking distances may increase, and steering can become less responsive. It's also vital to consider your tyre pressure; an overloaded vehicle may require higher tyre pressures than usual to maintain safety. Always consult your vehicle's manual for specific information on recommended tyre pressures for varying loads.



Spanish Traffic Law Requirements



The Spanish Traffic Law is quite clear on how loads must be carried:



Stability and Safety: Any load must not be placed in a way that makes your vehicle unstable or unsafe to drive.



Secure from Movement: It must be secured so it won't move or fall from your vehicle while driving. This includes during emergency braking or sudden turns.



No Projections: The load must not project from your vehicle in a way that is likely to injure a person, obstruct the path of other drivers or pedestrians, or damage another vehicle or property.



Appropriate Restraint: All items must be restrained using an appropriate load restraint method.



Best Practices for Loading Your Car



Utilise the Boot: Whenever possible, place items in the boot rather than the passenger saloon. The boot offers a more contained space and, in many vehicles, is designed to offer some protection in a rear-end collision.



Secure Items on Back Seats: If you must carry items on the back seats, ensure they are secured with a seatbelt or other appropriate restraints.



Use Load Restraint Nets: For heavier items or if you are carrying a substantial load in the boot, it is highly advisable – and in some cases, effectively mandatory for heavy items – to use a car net or cargo barrier to prevent items from crashing forward into the passenger compartment.



Deflate Inflatables: Heading to the beach with a giant inflatable unicorn? Always transport large inflatables deflated. They take up vast amounts of space and can severely obscure your rear view, even if seemingly "light."



By taking a few extra minutes to properly load and secure your vehicle, you can ensure a safer and more enjoyable journey for everyone, whether you're just heading to the beach or embarking on a longer holiday adventure.

### Giving Way to Pedestrians

If it is safe to do so, vehicle drivers should give way to pedestrians waiting to cross at a pedestrian crossing, and if pedestrians are on the crossing, it is a must that vehicles stop to allow them to continue safely.



However, that is not the only time when pedestrians have priority on the road, and so vehicles must give way.



Article 65 of Spanish traffic Law explains that, as well as giving way at properly designated zebra crossings, one of the situations that many drivers are not aware of is that vehicles must also give way to pedestrians when you find them crossing the road at a junction where the vehicle is intending to turn, even if there is no zebra crossing.



For UK-qualifies drivers, this should not actually be a surprise, as Highway Code rules 170 and H2 both explain the same concept.



So, if you are intending to turn into a junction, it is crucial you watch closely for pedestrians crossing, and wait until they have crossed safely before proceeding.



Similarly, vehicles must give way to pedestrians when the vehicle crosses a pavement on which there are pedestrians who don't have a designated area, so, for example, through the vado access to a garage. The same priority applies when vehicles cross designated zones in pedestrian areas, vehicles must give way.



There are other circumstances where vehicles must give way to pedestrians, such as when pedestrians are getting on or off a bus, at a designated stop, when they are between the vehicle and a pedestrian area or nearest place of safety, and to military personnel in uniform, groups of schoolchildren, or organised marches (article 23.3 of the law).



For the avoidance of doubt, the phrase vehicle or vehicles also includes, as always, bicycles, e-scooters, motorbikes, et al. Offences under the terms of these rules are considered serious.

Excerpt: When driving in Spain, understanding pedestrian priority is crucial for safety and avoiding fines. This guide clarifies Spanish traffic laws, including less-known rules about giving way at junctions and when crossing pavements, ensuring you know exactly when pedestrians have the right of way.

### Are Your Tyres in Good Nick for Summer?

Let's look at the most common mistakes that shorten your tyres' lifespan and how to avoid them without constant trips to the garage.



Choosing the right tyre is important, but looking after it properly is even more so. Although they often go unnoticed, tyres are your car's only points of contact with the road. Much of your vehicle's handling, safety, and even fuel economy depend on their condition. These are the most common mistakes we make with our tyres... and how to avoid them.



When Did You Last Check Your Tyre Pressure?



It's one of the most common mistakes: driving with the wrong tyre pressure. If it's too low, the tyre wears more, especially on the sidewalls, and the risk of a blowout increases considerably. Furthermore, fuel consumption goes up and the tyre's lifespan decreases. If, on the other hand, the pressure is higher than recommended, the tyre's contact with the road is reduced, which impairs grip and accelerates wear in the central area of the tread.



The solution is simple: check the pressure (with cold tyres) at least once a month and always before a long journey. The correct value is specified in your car's owner's manual and is often even listed on the fuel cap or door frame.



Watch Out for Wear... Even on the Inside



The minimum legal tread depth is 1.6 mm, but ideally, you shouldn't let them get that far. Wear indicators tell you if the tyre has reached its limit, although you can also use the famous "20p trick": if you can see the outer band when you insert a 20 pence coin into the groove, it's time to change it.



But beyond that, it's vital to check that the wear is even. A wheel that looks perfect on the outside may be severely damaged on the inside. And if the wear is uneven or excessive, it could be due to problems with the wheel alignment, balancing, or even the shock absorbers. The tyres, in this case, act as a telltale sign of hidden faults.



Alignment, Tracking, and Balance: The Great Forgotten



A well-aligned and balanced car is not only more comfortable and safe to drive but also reduces tyre wear. If you notice the steering wheel vibrating, the car pulling to one side, or the tyres "eating" in odd areas, it's a good idea to visit a garage. Ideally, you should check the alignment and balance once a year, when changing or rotating tyres, or if you drive more than 15,000 km.



Visible Damage and Ageing



Going over kerbs, hitting potholes, or simply the passage of time can affect a tyre's structure. Regularly checking for cuts, bulges, or cracks is essential. And even if they still have tread, if they are more than five years old, at least an annual inspection by a specialist is recommended. After 10 years, they must be replaced, even if they appear in good condition.



You can find out the exact age of your tyre by looking at the DOT code on the sidewall: the last four numbers indicate the week and year of manufacture.



Don't Forget the Spare Tyre



The great forgotten! Whether it's a spare tyre or a puncture repair kit, make sure it's in good condition and ready to go if needed. A simple oversight can ruin your journey.

Excerpt: Are your car tyres ready for summer? Discover common mistakes that shorten tyre lifespan and learn easy maintenance tips to avoid constant garage visits. Ensure optimal handling, safety, and fuel economy by checking pressure, tread wear, alignment, and for visible damage.

### If You See a Dog Locked in a Car Dial 112 Immediately

We've recently discussed the importance of safely securing our beloved canine companions when travelling by car, particularly on the way to those enjoyable beach trips. But what if you encounter the distressing sight of a dog left alone and locked in a vehicle, especially during the sweltering summer months? The message is stark and undeniable: dogs die in hot cars! Despite widespread awareness campaigns, this tragic occurrence remains all too common and can have fatal consequences incredibly quickly.



Your Immediate Action: Call 112



If you witness a dog in distress inside a locked car, your first and most crucial step is to immediately call the emergency services. In Spain, the easiest way to do this is by dialling 112. This is the pan-European emergency number and operators are trained to handle calls in multiple languages, making it accessible to residents and tourists alike.



Before you make the call, try to get as precise a location as possible. Note down the street name(s), any nearby building names, or prominent landmarks. The more accurate information you can provide, the faster the emergency services can respond. When you connect with the operator, clearly explain the situation – that you've found a dog locked in a car – and provide the exact location. Be prepared to answer any further questions they may have to assess the situation.



What NOT to Do: Do Not Break the Window



This is a critically important point and one that is often misunderstood due to misinformation circulating on social media. Despite claims that you are legally protected if you damage a car to rescue an animal in distress, these claims are false. In Spain, you are not permitted to break into a vehicle for any reason, including to rescue an animal. Doing so could lead to your prosecution for criminal damage.



The only legally sanctioned course of action if you believe a dog is in imminent danger in a hot car is to seek assistance from the authorities. The police or Guardia Civil are the only ones legally empowered to take action, such as forcing entry if absolutely necessary.



Local Police and Further Advice



While 112 is the universal emergency number, if you are able to speak Spanish, you might also consider calling the Local Police directly on 092 or the Guardia Civil on 062, as they might be able to respond quicker depending on the area. However, if there's any doubt about language barriers or which specific force to contact, 112 remains your best and safest option, as their coordination centre will dispatch the appropriate services.



Under no circumstances should you put yourself at risk of prosecution by taking matters into your own hands based on erroneous advice found online. Your role is to be a responsible citizen and report the emergency to the professionals who are trained and authorised to deal with such situations. Your prompt call to 112 could be the difference between life and death for a trapped animal.

### Five Top Additions to the Car for Summer Driving in Spain

Spain's summers are legendary for their sunshine and warmth, making road trips a truly delightful experience. While the law mandates certain items like reflective vests and warning triangles or emergency beacons, there are a few non-mandatory but highly recommended essentials that can significantly enhance your comfort and safety on the road. Here are five suggestions to consider packing for your summer drives across Spain:



1. Plenty of Water and Reusable Bottles:



Staying hydrated is paramount in the Spanish heat. While many service stations offer drinks, having a generous supply of water in your car means you're never caught out, especially on longer stretches between towns. Consider investing in insulated reusable bottles to keep your water cool for longer. This not only benefits your health by preventing dehydration and fatigue, but also reduces plastic waste.



2. Sunshades for Windows:



Parking in the sun, even for a short time, can turn your car into an oven. A good quality sunshade for your front windshield, and even for side windows, can make a huge difference. These reflective screens help to bounce sunlight away, significantly reducing the interior temperature and making your car much more pleasant to re-enter. They also protect your car's interior from sun damage over time. It is important to remember though that they can only be used when parked. Some blinds are retractable and sold online to offer shade when driving, this is not permitted in Spain.



3. Comfortable, Breathable Clothing and Footwear (for passengers):



While drivers should always wear appropriate footwear for safe pedal control, passengers can benefit greatly from having light, loose-fitting clothing and comfortable shoes for the journey. Spain's relaxed atmosphere often means beachwear is common, but having a change of clothes or a light cover-up can be useful for comfort, especially if you're stopping at restaurants or shops.



4. Portable Fan or Cooling Towels:



Even with air conditioning, the intense sun can sometimes be overwhelming. A small, battery-operated portable fan can provide a welcome personal breeze, especially for back-seat passengers or if your car's AC isn't quite cutting it. Alternatively, cooling towels, which you simply wet and wring out, offer instant and sustained relief from the heat on your neck or face



5. Snacks for the Journey:



Road trips, especially with children, are always better with snacks. While Spain has fantastic roadside eateries, having a stash of non-perishable snacks like fruit, nuts, energy bars, or biscuits can be a lifesaver. This avoids unnecessary stops, keeps energy levels up, and can be particularly helpful if you find yourself in a less populated area without immediate access to shops or restaurants.



By adding these five non-mandatory items to your car, you'll be well-prepared to tackle the Spanish summer roads with greater comfort, safety, and enjoyment. Happy travels!

Excerpt: Prepare for a comfortable and safe summer road trip in Spain with these five non-mandatory but highly recommended car additions. From staying hydrated with plenty of water to keeping cool with sunshades and portable fans, discover essentials that will enhance your journey under the Spanish sun.

### What Happens if you Drive after Losing Your Driving Licence Points in Spain

Do you know that driving in Spain after losing your driving licence points is a serious road safety offence that can land you in prison?



Getting behind the wheel after exhausting all the points on your Spanish driving licence is no small matter. This infraction is on the list of traffic offences that can carry a prison sentence, with a judge able to apply the maximum penalty of six months in prison.



Understanding the Points System and Disqualification



A major innovation of Spain's points-based driving system, in place since 2006, was the possibility for drivers to lose their licence if they accrue several serious infractions. This loss isn't necessarily permanent. Alongside the new system, 'point recovery courses' were established to help drivers regain their licence, a system that is currently being updated.



These courses allow for full or partial point recovery. The latter are designed for those who have lost some points but are still able to drive, ensuring they can regain their full balance and avoid losing their licence if penalised again.



Drivers lose points due to an accumulation of violations. The disciplinary procedure differentiates between minor, serious, and very serious violations, with penalties varying in severity. While all illegal driving actions carry a monetary penalty, not all result in point deductions. Common infractions leading to point loss include speeding, using a mobile phone while driving, not wearing a seatbelt, and alcohol and/or drug use. The number of points deducted varies, from six points for very serious infractions down to two for minor ones.



It's important to remember that point loss is cumulative. For example, if you're caught speeding (2 points) while using your mobile phone (6 points), you'd lose 8 points. However, the Traffic and Road Safety Law generally limits point loss to eight points in a single day due to accumulated violations. Exceptions exist for serious offences such as drug or alcohol use (including refusal to take a test), reckless driving, excessive speeding, use of radar jammers, or participation in illegal races, any of which can lead to immediate licence loss.



The Grave Consequences of Driving While Disqualified



Spanish law is unequivocal: driving without a licence, whether because you've never obtained one, have lost all your points, or your licence has been revoked by a court ruling, constitutes a crime against road safety. Article 384 of the Penal Code explicitly states that "a crime is considered when the driver has never obtained a licence, has lost it due to a total loss of points, or has been revoked by a court ruling."



Penalties for driving after losing all points on your licence can include:




Prison sentences: From three to six months.



Fines: Monetary fines ranging from 12 to 24 months.



Community service: From 31 to 90 days.




Driving after your licence has been revoked is a serious criminal act in Spain, carrying severe penalties that can significantly impact your life. Always ensure you are legally entitled to drive before getting behind the wheel.

Excerpt: Driving in Spain after losing all your licence points is a serious road safety offense under Article 384 of the Penal Code. This can lead to severe penalties, including prison sentences of three to six months, fines ranging from 12 to 24 months, or 31 to 90 days of community service. Spain's points-based system, in place since 2006, allows for licence loss due to accumulated serious infractions, though point recovery courses are available. Common violations leading to point loss include speeding, mobile phone use, not wearing a seatbelt, and alcohol/drug use.

### Get Spain Travel Updates Delivered Direct - For FREE

At the start of this summer, we quietly launched N332 Radio, where we mostly play light, soft, easy listening and classical music, ideal for staying calm and relaxed, and throughout the morning we broadcast travel updates forecasting issues that could affect road traffic and travel situations.



You can find out more about N332 Radio, including the schedule, on the dedicated website. You can also listen to N332 Radio on the player, or anywhere around the globe, including in the car, via the TuneIn Radio app and Android Auto or Car Play.



Also on the n332radio.es website, you can read the travel bulletins, which are updated at least twice per week.



Now, if you don't want to listen to the radio, or you don't want to read the updates, thanks to the benefits of internet broadcasting over traditional radio, you can now get just the audio bulletins delivered direct to your favourite listening platform, such as Spotify, YouTube, Apple Podcasts, and Amazon Music, as well as others, and even sent directly to your email.



We have added the main buttons below, but it is important to remember that this will give you the audio updates, if you still want to read them, you will still have to pop along to the website, for now, however you can also get updates from that site by adding your email address over there. But, as audio is playing an increasingly important role in website and information delivery, you now have a choice.



Get Travel Updates



	
	
		

                                       
		
	



On the front page of this n332.es website, there are also buttons which will take you straight to the relevant sections on the n332radio.es website, where you will find the national weather forecast relating to road conditions, the traffic flow forecast, including campaigns by the DGT and Guardia Civil, major events which could cause congestion, and any relevant flight and flying information.



We will also, soon, be able to send out important information relating to major situations affecting driving.



Remember though, these are general and national forecasts, for the information in your area you should contact the local police or town hall websites, and it is still crucial to check the live road and weather conditions before you set off via the official DGT and AEMET channels, and you can find links for these also on the front page.



We hope you enjoy this little addition and find it useful. Let's be careful out there.



Add and Listen Here



Spotify




https://open.spotify.com/show/4M3hH9JUGOd8zrAWsurmun?si=4af3c8f192f2430e




YouTube




https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLBtA4rCovz9Q3h1BbhcLqauGR7B-Judz7

Excerpt: You can now get N332 Travel Updates delivered directly to your email or favourite podcast platform to keep you updated on the road situation in Spain.

### Please Remain Seated with your Arms Securely Positioned

In a previous article, we touched upon the importance of maintaining the correct posture whilst driving, and how a seemingly innocuous act like driving without a shirt could land you in hot water with the DGT. Another common summer habit that falls under the same umbrella of risky behaviour is hanging your arm out of the car window. While it might feel liberating to let the breeze flow over your arm, it's a practice fraught with danger and, like going topless, can result in a hefty fine.



The Letter of the Law



Spain's traffic laws are clear on this. Article 18, Section 1 of Royal Decree 1428/2003 of 21 November, which approves the Rules of the Road, explicitly states that "The driver of a vehicle must maintain their own freedom of movement, the required field of vision and permanent attention to driving." This comprehensive rule covers a multitude of actions that could impede your control of the vehicle, including having a limb dangling outside. Those repetitive messages from your driving instructor about keeping both hands on the wheel and your arms inside the car weren't just nagging; they were, and still are, crucial for safe driving.



Why It's Dangerous



The risks associated with having an arm out of the window are far more severe than you might imagine:



Serious Injury or Worse: There are countless documented cases of motorists suffering horrendous injuries, even the loss of limbs, when their arm is "clipped" by a passing vehicle or in the event of a collision. Your car's safety cage is designed to protect occupants within it, not limbs outside.



Risk to Other Road Users: An outstretched arm can pose a significant hazard to vulnerable road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists, who might not anticipate a sudden obstruction in their path.



Misleading Signals: An arm extended from the vehicle can easily be misinterpreted by other drivers as a hand signal. For instance, a left arm outstretched can indicate an intention to turn left. If your indicators aren't working, these hand signals (left arm out and straight for a left turn, left arm out and bent at a right angle for a right turn, or a palm facing backwards for reversing) are legally recognised. Unintended or confusing signals can lead to dangerous misunderstandings and accidents.



Obscured Vision: Your arm, or even your head if you're leaning too far out, can obstruct your view of the vehicle's mirrors, making it difficult to properly observe your surroundings and spot potential hazards.



Furthermore, if you're able to put your head out of the window, it's a clear indication that your seatbelt isn't correctly fastened, further compromising your safety.



Don't Risk It



Ultimately, keeping all parts of your body safely within the confines of your vehicle is not just about avoiding a fine; it's about protecting yourself and other road users from potentially life-altering injuries. So, resist the urge to hang your arm out the window, keep your hands where they belong – on the wheel – and stay safe on those summer roads.

### Let´s Look at Keeping Children Safe in Cars

The summer holidays are upon us, and as families across Spain (and those visiting!) prepare to hit the road, it's crucial to ensure the safety of our youngest passengers. Road rules can vary significantly between countries, and when it comes to children in cars, Spain has specific regulations designed to keep little ones safe.













Key Rules for Child Car Safety in Spain:



Children Must Travel on the Rear Seats



Any child measuring 135 cm or less in height, regardless of their age, must travel in the rear seats of the vehicle.



This rule only has two exceptions: If the vehicle does not have rear seats. If all rear seats are already occupied by other children using appropriate restraint systems.



Approved Child Restraint Systems (CRS) are Mandatory



Children must be seated in a correct and approved car seat that is appropriate for their size and weight. These Child Restraint Systems (CRS) offer the best protection for children in a vehicle.



Seatbelts for Everyone



It should go without saying, but it's a vital reminder: all vehicle occupants, including children, must wear their seatbelts.



Why These Rules Matter: The Critical Importance of CRS



The law mandates the use of child restraint systems for a compelling reason: they drastically reduce injuries. Studies show that using an approved CRS can reduce injuries by up to 75% in the event of a collision.



Tragically, road traffic incidents are the leading cause of death among children under 14 years of age. Data from the DGT (Spain's Directorate General of Traffic) reveals a heartbreaking statistic: 40% of children who lose their lives in road accidents were not using any protection system. These lives, in many cases, could have been saved.



Ensuring Your Car Seat is Approved: Look for the Orange Label



To guarantee your child's safety, it's essential to use an approved car seat. Seats that meet the minimum required safety standards carry an orange approval label, usually found on the rear of the seat. This label is your assurance that the seat has undergone rigorous testing for safety and reliability.



This approval system is based on the European standard and EU regulations, which also ensures specific information is listed on the label.



Choosing the Right Seat: Classification by Weight



Car seats are classified based on the child's physical characteristics, with weight being the most crucial factor. While age guides are often provided, remember that children of the same age can vary significantly in size, so the weight and height guidelines are most important when selecting the appropriate car seat for your child.

Excerpt: Traveling with children in Spain this summer? Ensure their safety on the road by understanding Spain's specific child car safety regulations. Learn about mandatory rear-seat travel for children under 135 cm, the importance of approved Child Restraint Systems (CRS), and how to identify a safe car seat. Discover why these rules are crucial for preventing injuries and saving lives, with shocking statistics highlighting the risks of unprotected travel. Find out what to look for on the orange approval label to guarantee your child's car seat meets European safety standards.

### Introducing the New Members of the N332 Team! 

If you have attended one of our talks during the spring, you may have already had an introduction to the latest little member of the N332 team, but we thought we would show him and his friends off to everyone now, before they too go on tour in September. 



Introducing Trafford and Friends



Allow us to formally introduce you to, Trafford and Friends!  







Trafford is the N332 Road Safety Raccoon, and with his big brother Trent, and sister Tammy, they will introduce road safety to the littlest members of the family, sowing the seeds for the future. 



As well as his family, Trafford does also have friends, like Francisco, the friendly traffic police officer, and Mark, their guide, and more friends waiting in the background. There is also Riley, a teen with attitude, who will become the bridge into a different world of road safety as the children get older.







What is Trafford and Friends About?



Now, as a famous TV commercial once said, “the science bit”! The idea of Trafford and Friends is to present road safety in a manner that children can easily associate with, through colourful, 3D animation style pictures, short texts, and interactive elements such as colouring in pages and short games. Plus, they have an already growing catalogue of sing-along songs, to help reenforce the message, all of which, and this is the really important part, is designed to be enjoyed by the child in the company of a grownup.  



So, a book at bedtime, a singing session, colouring in, all a lot of fun with child and grownup, reenforcing that message through mutual trust, play, and positive association and tactile learning. 



Trafford also has his own show on N332 Radio, every weekday evening, playing fun songs for children to sing and dance to, including his own, before settling down to bed. Collectively offering a complete auditory and visual learning programme. 



Now the science is over, let’s get back to what Trafford is up to. 



Launching in September



In September, Trafford’s human companions from N332 will be visiting schools offering the road safety presentations to the youngest children, introducing Trafford and Friends in the visual elements, and teaching the children the safety songs. Incidentally, if you are a representative of a school and would like to discuss us visiting, get in touch. 



The full launch of Trafford and Friends is set for September therefore, but as an introduction, Trafford is currently on a well-earned holiday, and has decided to offer his helpful safety advice to his little friends for when they are at the beach this summer. 



Although the primary focus is road safety, Trafford and Friends will also touch on other issues aimed at offering safety advice to children through their grownup mentors.  



There is a lot more being prepared before the launch, including his website, traffordandfriends.com, but if you would like a preview now, you can head over to his site and look at two of his adventures, Safe on the School Bus, and Beach Safe with Trafford.  



Summer Preview



As it is summer, and it is the latter we are offering for safer summer playtime, we have compiled a list below which will take you directly to some of the different elements of this campaign, including the book you can read or download for free, also available on Kindle (and apps), although you may have to pay there, depending on your account type. 



You can also listen to the songs which accompany the book, also available on all major platforms, such as Spotify, Amazon Music, YouTube Music, iTunes, etc, just search for Trafford and Friends. The songs are also available on social media platforms, such as Facebook, Instagram and TikTok, so you can add them to your stories or posts. 







Beta Testing



Please remember though, this is an early release preview before Trafford returns from his holidays for the September launch, and so it is not completely finished, but we would love you to take a poke around, download and play, and enjoy this introduction, with your little ones, to the world of Trafford and Friends.  



Material and Downloads




Click this line to go to trafforeandfriends.com



This link takes you to Beach Safe with Trafford



RIGHT click here to save the PDF book to your computer



RIGHT click here to download the Safe by the Sea song (player below)



Squeeze a Little - Rub it In - RIGHT click to download the song



Trafford and Friends on Spotify




Song Player




https://open.spotify.com/track/1fRIaQR7iMTLu5TDw0MjvU?si=9610870532884ff2





https://open.spotify.com/album/6uLbUcQyBqfD0WrMD3xqV7?si=_UT42_QoQeylUIxTMkC8Rg




You Can Support Trafford and Friends



If you like the idea of Trafford and Friends, you can help by starting to share his campaigns with anyone you think might find it useful or helpful, and we also welcome input and suggestions of what you would like Trafford and Friends to be involved in. Please feel free to get in touch.

### Your Home from Home on Wheels – But there are rules!

Summer is here, and with it, the open road beckons, often in the comfort of a motorhome or the adventure of a towed caravan. Whether you’re renting a temporary home on wheels or embarking on a journey in your own, understanding Spain's specific rules for these vehicles is crucial for a smooth and fine-free trip. While both offer a unique way to explore, there are distinct regulations for each.



The DGT (Dirección General de Tráfico) in Spain clearly differentiates between "parking" and "camping" for both motorhomes and caravans. A vehicle is considered parked when it is in a permitted spot, remains within road markings, and crucially, all activity stays inside the vehicle, with no external elements deployed. This means no awnings, no levelling jacks, and absolutely no tables or chairs set up outside. If you deploy any external elements, even if you are in a legitimate parking spot, you are no longer considered to be simply parked.



Camping, on the other hand, involves occupying outdoor space and is generally only permitted in designated areas. This includes official campsites or specific parking lots that are regulated by each autonomous community. Failing to adhere to this distinction can lead to significant fines. For instance, camping on the coast is prohibited by the Coastal Law, with penalties starting from 40 euro per occupied square metre. Similarly, parking or camping in protected natural areas is strictly forbidden and carries severe penalties. Always consult municipal ordinances to avoid illegal parking fines, which can range from 100 to 200 euro. While sleeping inside a motorhome or camper is generally allowed unless explicitly prohibited, the act of "camping" – extending your living space outdoors – is almost universally restricted to designated zones.













Motorhome Specifics:



Motorhomes offer a great deal of flexibility. Unlike caravans, there are no restrictions on passengers travelling inside, provided the number of occupants does not exceed the vehicle's registered capacity, and everyone is wearing a seatbelt or using an approved restraint system. In terms of speed limits, approved motorhomes generally adhere to the same speed limits as passenger cars, although the DGT advises moderating speed due to their larger size.



Caravan Specifics:



While many "parking" and "camping" rules mirror those for motorhomes, caravans have additional requirements. When parked, a caravan must remain attached to its towing vehicle. A significant difference lies in passenger transport: passengers are not permitted to travel inside a caravan when it is being towed.



Driving with a caravan also introduces specific requirements based on the Maximum Authorised Mass (MMA) of the caravan. For lightweight trailers with an MMA of 750 kg or less, no additional driving permit is needed beyond a standard B licence, as long as the combined weight of the car and caravan does not exceed 3,500 kg. These lighter caravans do not require separate registration; they only need to display the towing vehicle's registration number and have repeater lighting.



However, for caravans with an MMA exceeding 750 kg, additional permits are necessary. If the combined MMA of the towing vehicle and trailer does not exceed 4,250 kg, a B96 authorisation is required. For combinations that exceed 4,250 kg, a B+E permit is mandatory. Heavier caravans (MMA over 750 kg) must also be independently registered, possess their own red number plate in addition to the towing vehicle's, and have separate insurance. Speed limits for caravans are also specific: 90 km/h on motorways and dual carriageways, and 80 km/h on conventional roads. You must also carry a fire extinguisher.



Finally, it's vital for all motorhomes and caravans to be homologated, comply with all tax requirements, and ensure respectful coexistence with other road users. Being well-informed about these regulations will ensure your Spanish road trip is a memorable one for all the right reasons.

Excerpt: Hitting the open road in Spain with your motorhome or caravan? While it promises freedom, understanding the DGT's strict distinction between "parking" and "camping" is vital to avoid fines. Learn what's allowed, where to stay, and the specific licensing and speed requirements for both motorhomes and towed caravans to ensure a smooth, penalty-free Spanish adventure.

### Mandatory Documentation All Drivers Must Carry

A fundamental aspect of driving legally and safely in Spain, as a resident or a visitor, is carrying the correct documentation. Failure to do so can lead to significant fines and, in some cases, even constitute a criminal offence.



Your Driving Licence: Original or Notarised Copy Only



First and foremost, it is mandatory to carry your driving licence with you whenever you are driving. This cannot be stressed enough. For those holding a Spanish driving licence, the Mi DGT app on your mobile phone is a valid digital alternative to the physical card. However, for everyone else, the only other legally accepted option is a notarised copy of your original licence. A photocopy, a photograph on your phone (unless via the Mi DGT app), or any other reproduction will not suffice and could lead to penalties. Always ensure you have the original licence or a properly notarised copy readily available. Apps from other countries are also not recognised in Spain.



Vehicle Documentation



In addition to your personal driving licence, your vehicle must also be accompanied by specific documents:



Permiso de Circulación (Vehicle Registration Document): Often referred to as the vehicle's "logbook" in English, this document is essential. It contains crucial information such as the vehicle's registration number and its main characteristics. It proves the vehicle is legally registered for road use. Foreign vehicles must also carry the equivalent from the country of registration.



Tarjeta de Inspección Técnica (ITV Card): This is the vehicle's technical inspection card. It details the vehicle's technical specifications and outlines its mandatory inspection schedule. While some very modern vehicles are moving towards a digital version, meaning the physical card will eventually be phased out, if your vehicle was issued with one, it must be carried. Foreign vehicles must also carry the equivalent from the country of registration.



Latest ITV Inspection Report: You must also carry the report issued by the test centre from your vehicle's most recent ITV inspection, unless your vehicle is not yet old enough to have undergone its first test. This report provides details of the inspection, including any faults detected, confirming the vehicle's roadworthiness at the time of the last check.



Insurance and Other Useful Documents



For Spanish-registered vehicles, it is not mandatory to carry your insurance documents in the car, as authorities can usually verify this electronically. However, it is highly advisable to carry proof of your insurance, including policy details. This will be invaluable for exchanging information with another driver in the unfortunate event of an incident. If you are visiting Spain as a tourist, however, you are required to carry your physical insurance documents as you may need to produce them at a traffic stop or after an accident.



Finally, it's always a good idea to carry a European Accident Report Form. You can obtain this from your insurance company. These forms are designed to be uniform across many languages, making it significantly easier to complete the necessary details with another party, even if you don't share a common language.



Ensuring you have all these documents readily accessible will not only keep you on the right side of the law but also save you a lot of hassle should you encounter a traffic stop or be involved in an incident.

### Red and Yellow – Mean STOP When it comes to traffic lights!

When Billy Ocean sang, “Red light spells danger”, he wasn´t joking, because you are supposed to stop at red lights, but many drivers run the gauntlet, risking the safety of everyone, and, in the less serious cases, a fine.



In the General Traffic Code, specifically in article 146, the subject of traffic lights is addressed, specifically circular traffic lights for vehicles, and the meaning of the different lights that appear on them is explained.



A non-flashing red light prohibits entry. While it is illuminated, vehicles must not proceed beyond the traffic signal or, if present, the nearest stop line in front of it. If the traffic signal is located within or on the opposite side of a junction, vehicles must not enter the junction or, if present, cross the stop line in front of it.



A flashing red light, or two alternately flashing red lights, temporarily prohibit the passage of vehicles before a level crossing, an entrance to a drawbridge or ferry pontoon, in the vicinity of a fire-fighting vehicle exit, or during the approach of an aircraft at low altitude.

























Hopefully, none of the above is news to you, as a driver, but one thing that does often confuse many qualified and experience motorists is the non-flashing yellow light. Because, according to the safe traffic law, that also means that vehicles must stop under the same conditions as if it were a steady red light. The only exception is that when it is illuminated, the vehicle is so close to the stopping point that it cannot stop before it under sufficient safety conditions.



A flashing yellow light, or two alternately flashing yellow lights, does not prohibit passage, but requires drivers to exercise extreme caution and does not exempt them from complying with other vertical signals requiring them to stop or give way, or, in their absence, from complying with the general rules on passage.



A non-flashing green light means that passage is permitted, except in the cases referred to in Article 59LSV59, paragraph 1 of this Regulation.



A black arrow over a non-flashing red light or a yellow light does not change the meaning of said lights but limits it exclusively to the movement indicated by the arrow. In other words, if the illuminated red light has a black arrow pointing to the right, then vehicles intending to turn right must stop.



A green arrow illuminating on a black circular background means that vehicles may travel in the direction indicated by it, regardless of which light is simultaneously illuminated at the same traffic light or at a neighbouring one.



Passing or failing to stop at a red light is considered a serious infraction, punishable by a fine of 200 euro, although with prompt payment it is reduced by half, 100 euro, in addition to the loss of four points.



There is one justifiable exception to this, in which you could contest the fine, and that is if you had to pass (albeit with extreme caution) to allow the safe passage of an emergency vehicle.

Excerpt: You know red means stop, but what about yellow? Many drivers are confused by the non-flashing yellow light, which, according to traffic law, also means you must stop under the same conditions as a steady red light. This article clarifies the meaning of all traffic light signals, including flashing lights and arrows, and explains the serious penalties for failing to stop, with one important exception for emergency vehicles.

### Amazon Prime Day Deal on V-16 Emergency Light

Amazon Prime members can currently save on the Help Flasj iot V-16 Emergency Light, the connected version, which will be mandatory in Spain from 1st January.



Prime Day offers special deals for Amazon Prime members, and this gives a saving of around 10 euro off one of the most popular emergency lights on sale.



You can click here to go directly to Amazon and the Help Flash light for the limited time offer, and browse around for other deals.

### When You See This Sign, You Must Slow Down!

Blue rectangular road signs are of an informative nature, but one sign in particular should cause drivers to act more appropriately, mostly by slowing down and becoming more alert than is usual.











The sign with the official code of S-28, is used to indicate the entrance to a residential zone. There is a sister sign, which is the same other than a horizontal red band running from the bottom left to the top right, which indicates the end of the residential zone.







Why this sign deserves particular highlights is that the area between the signs, the residential zone, is an area primarily intended for pedestrians, What that means is that pedestrians may use the entire traffic zone, and those pedestrians have priority on the road over vehicles, and so, pedestrians may be anywhere in the road, including children who are permitted to play in the street, and therefore even pedestrian crossings are not marked.



In order to make these zones as safe as possible, special traffic regulations apply, which, in addition to the priority being given to pedestrians, vehicles must not exceed 10 kilometres per hour in this zone.



Plus, vehicles wanting to park on the residential zone must only do so in places designated by signs or markings, and on these roads, bicycles may circulate in both directions, unless otherwise established by the competent authority.



Because of the speed restriction in place, there will normally be an accompanying sign indicating the 10 kilometre per hour restriction, the R-301.



Once you reach the end of the residential zone, indicated by the S-29 sign with the red diagonal line, the general traffic regulations apply again.

Excerpt: Spotting the blue rectangular S-28 sign means you're entering a residential zone – an area where pedestrians, including children playing, have priority over vehicles. You must slow down to a maximum of 10 km/h, be extra alert, and only park in designated areas. This sign signals a significant change in traffic rules designed for pedestrian safety.

### Why is it Dangerous to Drive Topless?

You'd be forgiven for thinking that shedding your shirt on a scorching summer's day behind the wheel is a harmless act. After all, Spain's traffic laws don't explicitly ban going topless while driving. However, the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT), Spain's traffic authority, views it as a potentially dangerous practice that could land you with a hefty fine.



The Law and Your Shirt



While there's no specific "no shirt" rule, the DGT refers to articles 3.1, 17.1, and 18.1 of the Código de Circulación (the Spanish Highway Code). These articles broadly state that any action hindering safe driving for either the driver or other vehicle occupants can lead to a penalty. This is why things like inappropriate footwear and, yes, driving without a shirt, can be deemed sanctionable.



Why It's Risky



So, why the fuss? The DGT highlights several key dangers:



Seatbelt Injuries: In the event of a sudden stop or collision, a seatbelt comes into direct contact with bare skin. This can cause severe abrasions and injuries that would be mitigated by a layer of clothing.



Glass and Other Hazards: Should an accident occur, exposed skin is far more vulnerable to cuts from shattered glass or other debris.



Sunburn: Prolonged exposure to the sun while driving can lead to painful sunburn, which can be distracting and uncomfortable, impacting your ability to concentrate.



Post-Accident Issues: Being topless after a breakdown or accident can present practical difficulties, especially if you need to interact with emergency services or other drivers.



It's crucial to remember these risks apply to all occupants of the vehicle, not just the driver.



Potential Penalties



The severity of the fine depends on how dangerous the officer perceives your actions to be. A minor infringement might result in an €80 fine. However, if the risk is considered greater, you could face a fine of up to €200 and the loss of three points from your driving licence.



Beyond the Shirt



The DGT's emphasis on safe driving posture and being properly secured in the vehicle extends beyond just wearing a shirt. Actions like leaning an arm out of the window or, even worse, a passenger putting their feet on the dashboard, are highly dangerous and also carry penalties. The latter, in particular, can lead to catastrophic injuries in a collision. Essentially, anything that compromises your, your passengers', your goods', or even your pets' security in the vehicle, including not being appropriately dressed, can result in a fine.

### Have You Seen the Red and Striped Squares on the Back of Vehicles?

If you have noticed these red and white squares, you might not realise that they signify something, and act as a warning to other road users, they are not just a fancy feature, but a practical device.





















The square is a road sign, from the “V” category, and the official label is the V-20, a sign used to indicate that the load of the vehicle carrying protrudes from the rear, and, in some cases, to the sides.



Therefore, when we see this sign, we need to be aware of a number of factors and take the appropriate action. For example, modern vehicles have so-called “crumple zones”, where the vehicle will, by design, absorb the impact of a collision to reduce the energy before it reaches the occupants. There are also the direct “impact zones”, which, in general terms, we see protected by the bumper.



If a load is protruding beyond the physical dimensions of the vehicles, these protective elements can become reduced, as an impact could be between a lesser protected part of a vehicle, and the protrusion.



Therefore, the sign serves as a warning to vehicles behind that extra care should be taken, allowing even more distance between you and the vehicle in front to allow you to stop safely, and, in the case of a protrusion to the sides, also be aware that visibility may be reduced, and more lateral distance would be required to safely overtake.



According to regulations, if the load protrudes from the rear, this sign must be placed at the rear end of the load, perpendicular to the vehicle's axis.



If the load longitudinally exceeds the entire width of the rear of the vehicle, the sign will be placed transversely, using two signage panels, one at each end of the protruding load, and displayed in an inverted V shape, identified with white and red stripes.



Since passenger vehicles are not used for transporting goods, the load cannot exceed the front floor of the vehicle. The Regulation allows the load size in these vehicles to exceed the rear by 10% if it is a divisible load, in other words, more than one single item, and 15% if it is indivisible. In both cases, the vehicle must display the V-20 sign at the rear of the load.



There is an 80 euro fine for not displaying the V-20, or displaying it incorrectly, and in the event that the sign is not needed, then it must be removed or covered.

Excerpt: When you see red and white striped squares on the back of a vehicle, it's not just for show! This V-20 sign is a crucial warning that the vehicle's load extends beyond its normal dimensions, either to the rear or sides. Learn why these signs are vital for road safety, how they impact your driving, and the regulations surrounding their use, including potential fines for non-compliance.

### What Does a Speed Limit Sign Tell Us?

It might seem obvious, but speed limit signs show us the maximum permitted speed on a stretch of road, and in Spain, the figure demonstrates kilometres per hour, but there is sometimes a lot of confusion over what the signs mean in other than normal situations, and, more commonly, where the limit ends.




Let us break down what the speed limit signs actually tell us.








Firstly, it is important to note, as mentioned that the sign denotes a maximum permitted speed. In fact, the true definition is, “Prohibition on traveling at a speed exceeding the speed indicated on the sign, expressed in kilometres per hour”.



So, in other words, you must not go over the speed indicated. However, the speed limit sign also denotes a maximum permitted speed, not a target. Just because the sign might say 80, for example, it does not mean you must travel at that speed, as other factors could determine that going slower is more appropriate, and not all vehicles or combinations are necessarily permitted to reach even the limit on the sign.



And, to stress, it is a maximum, and although there is a “margin of error” established in speed cameras and radars, that margin of error is for more complicated reasons than a common belief that, “you are allowed to go a bit over the limit”, because you are not. The maximum permitted speed is the limit, and it is not a target.



When we see the speed limit sign, the prohibition is mandatory from the location where the sign exists, in other words you must have reduced your speed before reaching the sign if it is a decrease and applies until the next "End of speed limit," "End of prohibitions," or "Maximum speed" sign, but there are also exceptions to this rule.



The first exception is if the speed limit sign appears on the same post as a hazard warning sign or on the same panel, for example a junction or bend warning, the prohibition ends when the indicated hazard ends. So, in our first example, until you have passed the junction. There will seldom be another sign cancelling out the reduction in these cases.



If the speed limit sign is located on a non-priority road, it ceases to be in effect upon exiting a junction onto a priority road.



All roads have generic maximum speed limits, which you can read about on the n332.es website, but if the limit indicated by the sign coincides with the maximum speed permitted for the type of road, it provides a general reminder of the prohibition of exceeding it.

Excerpt: Speed limit signs in Spain indicate the maximum permitted speed in kilometres per hour. While seemingly obvious, there's often confusion about what these signs truly mean beyond normal situations and where the limit ends. This guide breaks down what speed limit signs tell us, clarifying that they denote a maximum, not a target, and explaining how their applicability changes based on junctions, hazards, and road types.

### More than One Hundred Million Road Trips this Summer 

There will be specific measures in place every weekend during the summer period, which are reinforced on the first weekend of each month or during specific holidays, giving rise to the so-called exit or return operations. This year there are five, with the first one beginning on July 4. 







Motorcyclists, road departures, distractions, and drunk driving are the main concerns of the General Directorate of Traffic, which will increase surveillance with specific campaigns during the summer. 



SUMMER 2025 



Interior Minister Fernando Grande-Marlaska was out on the road to present the special traffic regulation, surveillance, and management plan for the summer of 2025. Given the upward trend in traffic movements in the first six months of the year, a record number of trips is expected, exceeding one hundred million long-distance trips during the two summer months. 



In addition to these long-distance trips, there are short-distance trips, which are of greatest concern to the DGT, as they are mostly made on conventional roads, which are less safe and often in familiar surroundings where driving attention is reduced. 



At the presentation of the plan, Grande-Marlaska noted that, despite the expected increase in travel, the goal is to prevent this from leading to an increase in road deaths. "Last summer, there were 243 fatalities, 3.9 deaths per day—far too many," he added. 



During the summer months, when the risk of accidents increases compared to the rest of the year, the DGT intensifies its actions to protect all road users. At the same time, it works to ensure that travel runs in an orderly and safe manner, addressing both the usual congestion caused by high traffic volumes and any problems that may arise unexpectedly. These incidents may be linked to summer travel itself—to beaches, tourist destinations, or second homes—or caused by external factors such as road closures, roadworks, or other circumstances. 



CONSOLIDATED TREND 




https://youtu.be/wXmdwT-Ipa0?si=c2Ab3Qe4XcBqHecu




Over the past few summers, a pattern has become established in holiday travel: departures and returns tend to be spread out over shorter periods and concentrated on weekends. For this reason, the DGT has planned a series of specific operations every weekend during the summer period, with special reinforcements on the first weekend of each month or during specific holidays that give rise to the so-called departure or return operations. 



Based on this pattern, five special traffic operations have been established: 




1st Operation Exit: From Friday, July 4th to 6th. 



Operation Santiago: July 24-27 



Operation August 1st: From August 1st to 3rd. 



Operation August 15: from August 14 to 17. 



Operation Return: August 29-31. 




In addition to the usual domestic holiday traffic, numerous vehicles registered in other European countries cross our roads every year, either because their final destination is Spain or because they are only traveling to other destinations such as Portugal or North African countries. 



Operation Crossing the Strait stands out in terms of the number of vehicles involved, with forecasts indicating a 5 percent increase compared to the 850,000 vehicles that crossed the Strait last year. 



The DGT is developing a special plan covering the main routes—such as the Mediterranean Corridor, the Central Corridor, and the Silver Route—and which includes a workforce of more than 27,000 people. 



Two rest areas and five information points staffed by specialised personnel have also been set up. The Border Information System also has more than 2,400 information panels along the corridors and more than 2,000 cameras that allow users to predict estimated port passage times and respond to any incidents. 



Operation Passage de Portugal is underway with a lower vehicle count, with approximately 212,000 vehicles expected to arrive in Portugal. Surveillance along the A-62 and A-66 highways is being reinforced, with constant signage being maintained along the route from Irún or La Junquera to the Portuguese border crossings. 



CONCERNS 



During the presentation, Grande-Marlaska highlighted the groups and factors that most concern the Ministry of the Interior and the DGT. 



First and foremost, motorcyclists. Last summer, 76 motorcyclists died—more than one every day, the highest number in the last ten years—primarily in accidents on conventional roads during the weekend, involving high-powered motorcycles and drivers who had held their license for more than ten years. Motorcyclists represent less than 3 percent of road trips, but they account for 25 percent of fatalities. 



The Ministry of the Interior maintains close collaboration with the sector to promote actions that contribute to curbing this dramatic number of victims. Juan Manuel Reyes, president of the National Motorcyclists Association, participated in the presentation of the plan, taking the opportunity to offer key recommendations to all motorcycle users so they can return home safe and sound and remember the positive experiences of the summer. 



Road departures, which account for 40 percent of fatal accidents, distracted driving (the leading cause of accidents), hit-and-run accidents (9 percent of fatalities), alcohol and drug abuse, and the 45-54 age group—which recorded the highest number of accidents last summer—are all factors of concern. 



TIPS TO SAVE LIVES 



During the campaign presentation, the Minister of the Interior highlighted some tips that can help reduce the risk of accidents: 



It's a good idea to plan your trips well. The increase in travel will cause significant traffic jams at the entrances and exits of major cities and on coastal highways, a setback that can be avoided with good planning. 



It's unreasonable to risk your life to enjoy one more drink or to arrive five minutes early. After the accident, all of that loses meaning. 



Don't use WhatsApp groups that announce alcohol checkpoints. They're unsupportive and a risk because they can cause someone who's been drinking to avoid them and kill someone. 



You have to be very careful on short trips, which are the most common cause of fatal accidents in summer. 



Finally, when driving, keep both hands on the wheel and your eyes on the road. Beware of distractions, which are the leading cause of fatal accidents in the summer. 



Grande-Marlaska emphasised that "road safety is a national project; if we are prudent and responsible, we all win." Therefore, "I want to take advantage of your presence to ask citizens preparing for their summer vacation to exercise caution and responsibility: it's taken a lot of effort to get here, so let's not ruin it on the roads this summer." 



MESSAGE TO TRAFFIC OFFICERS 



The Minister of the Interior wished to send a sincere message of gratitude to all Guardia Civil Traffic Officers via radio for their dedication and commitment to serving the public. He emphasized that their commitment and effort are essential to ensuring road safety, assisting drivers, and handling any incidents with professionalism and care. 



He also highlighted their tireless work, even when most citizens are on vacation, as they never let their guard down and remain vigilant to ensure the safety of those traveling. For this reason, Grande-Marlaska praised their expertise, as true "angels of the road" whose work is essential for the proper functioning of mobility and road safety. 

Excerpt: Spain anticipates a record-breaking summer with over 100 million long-distance road trips. The Directorate-General for Traffic (DGT) is implementing special measures and heightened surveillance to ensure safety, with a strong focus on preventing accidents caused by motorcyclists, distracted driving, and alcohol consumption. Plan your journeys wisely and prioritize safety to enjoy your summer travels!

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 29, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering June 22, 2025 to June 28, 2025):

A New Virtual Assistant Promises to Help with DGT Procedures
The DGT has launched María, a new virtual assistant designed to simplify procedures like driver's license renewals, fine payments, and vehicle registration. Built with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) technology, María accesses a database of official documents to provide accurate, regulation-compliant answers. While currently Spanish-only, it promises to save users time by offering direct answers to their DGT queries.

Read more...

Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 22, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering June 15, 2025…

Read more...

Can You See Clearly Now?
With nearly 80% of Spaniards experiencing some form of vision problem, and drivers relying on their eyes for 80% of driving information, good eyesight is paramount for road safety. Vision often degrades gradually, making regular eye tests crucial. If you wear corrective lenses, always use them while driving and consider progressive lenses for dashboard clarity. Be cautious driving at night or in poor conditions if you experience difficulties, and always reduce speed, as higher speeds limit your field of vision. Remember, certain medications and even dilated pupils can impair your ability to drive safely. Good visual acuity, field, and contrast sensitivity are vital for distinguishing road hazards and can be affected by various conditions like cataracts or diabetes. Always ensure your vision meets legal requirements for driving, and keep a spare pair of glasses handy if you wear them.

Read more...

Robotic urological surgery Quirónsalud Torrevieja
In the field of urology, the Da Vinci robot has proven to be highly effective.…

Read more...

Identifying Dangerous Goods
Understanding how dangerous goods are identified is crucial for road safety. Learn about the UN's "Orange Book" and the ADR regulations governing their transport in the UK and internationally. This section details the mandatory "orange panel" and hazard label plates, explaining the significance of the hazard identification numbers and UN numbers. Discover the nine classes of dangerous goods and how each is visibly identified on vehicles and containers to ensure public awareness and safety.

Read more...

The First N332 Paperback Book is Out Now
The N332 Road Safety Project has exciting news for drivers in Spain! For over a decade, their mission has been to clarify Spanish traffic laws, and now, for the first time, you can get their comprehensive advice in print. "N332 – Driving in Spain – 2025 part 1" is a paperback collection of around 70 informative articles from the first half of the year, designed to make Spanish roads safer for everyone. Available on Amazon and other bookshops, it's the perfect summer read to boost your driving knowledge, with more books, including a second 2025 volume and other surprises, planned for release soon!

Read more...

Taking Your Dog to the Beach This Summer: Safe Travel Tips
As summer arrives, many of us look forward to enjoying Spain’s beautiful dog-friendly beaches…

Read more...

### Taking Your Dog to the Beach This Summer: Safe Travel Tips

As summer arrives, many of us look forward to enjoying Spain's beautiful dog-friendly beaches with our canine companions. However, getting your furry friend to the seaside safely often involves a car journey, and it's crucial to understand the rules and best practices for transporting pets in your vehicle.



Securing Your Canine Companion



The paramount rule for travelling with pets in a vehicle in Spain is that animals must be properly secured and must not, under any circumstances, be able to interfere with the driver. This is not just a recommendation; it's a legal requirement. A common sight on summer roads, though highly dangerous and illegal, is a beloved pet perched on a passenger's lap, completely unrestrained. This poses a significant risk to both the animal and all human occupants, especially in the event of sudden braking or a collision. Expect an immediate fine of around €80 for having an insecure animal in your vehicle.



Allowing your dog to roam freely in the car, or even to hang its head out of the window – a favourite pastime for many dogs – is also prohibited. Such actions can dangerously distract the driver, obstruct visibility, and put the animal at severe risk of injury from passing vehicles or road debris.



Safe Restraint Options



So, what are the approved methods for keeping your dog safe and secure?



Pet Carriers, Cages, or Crates: These are excellent options, but it's vital that the carrier itself is then properly secured within the vehicle. A loose carrier, even with a contained dog, can become a dangerous projectile in an accident.



Dog Seatbelt Harnesses: You can purchase specific dog harnesses designed to attach to your car's seatbelt fixtures. These are permissible provided the animal is securely restrained and cannot reach the driver. For this reason, the front passenger seat is generally not the best place for a dog, even with a harness, as they could still potentially interfere with controls or distract you. The back seat, with an appropriate restraint, is usually the safest option.



Dividers/Grilles: For larger dogs or those who travel better in the boot of an estate car or SUV, a secure dog guard or grille separating the boot from the passenger compartment is an effective way to prevent interference with the driver and keep the dog contained.



Additional Safety Considerations



Remember, animals can be unpredictable, especially in unfamiliar environments. A loose dog, even one that is usually well-behaved, could suddenly jump into the driver's lap, block vision, or get under the pedals, leading to a serious accident. In the unfortunate event of a crash, an unrestrained animal would suffer considerable, likely fatal, injuries.



When taking breaks on longer journeys for your dog to relieve itself, always ensure you have a leash and maintain control. In strange surroundings, animals can react unexpectedly, so never allow your dog to run freely near roads.



It's also worth noting a relatively new aspect covered by Spain's Animal Welfare Law, rather than just traffic regulations: animals cannot be walked from a vehicle. This means you cannot have your dog on a leash and allow it to run alongside your car or bicycle while you are driving or cycling. This practice is now prohibited to ensure the animal's safety and prevent injury.

### The First N332 Paperback Book is Out Now

Since the N332 Road Safety Project srarted over a decade ago, the two most common questions we have received are about roundabouts, and “can I buy a book?”



We have answered the first question probably millions of times, but the second answer has always been “no”, until now that is, because the first N332 paperback book is now available, with more to follow soon.



N332 – Driving in Spain – 2025 part 1



This first book, N332 – Driving in Spain – 2025 part 1, is a collection of all of the informative articles published on the N332 website in the first half of the year. It therefore brings together around 70 articles. And, in case your mind has already gone there, you guessed it, we intend to release 2025 – part 2 at the end of the year, brining together all of the articles in the second half, so it will eventually become a whole encyclopaedia of knowledge, although we will not be knocking on your door, carrying a suitcase, thy will be distributed by Amazon.



Watch on YouTube




https://youtu.be/BwkrZw1muro




Listen to the Podcast







Also Available on Kindle



Kindle users, you too can download the book, either to a Kindle device, or to the Kindle app on Android and Apple (please check your version first), but if you want the printed paperback, all you have to do is hop over to Amazon and order it (the links to various Amazon stores are at the bottom of this article).



Coming Soon



We also intend to publish more books soon, including two which we have been asked for since day 1, although I will not tell you what they are yet, because we want to surprise you. We will publish a special book for Expo Torrevieja which is in November, so you will not have long to wait.



Trafford and Friends will also publish a printed book at the end of the year, taking those of us of a certain age back to the concept of buying an “annual” for Christmas gifts. His current books are also on Kindle, and free on Kindle Unlimited.



As for this first book, you can buy it from all Amazon stores, and it is printed for you, so as to save waste, and delivered to your door. It is also available at other bookshops, so you are free to ask your favourite supplier too. This will be a great and informative summer beach read!



Amazon Links



As for the Amazon links, here they are, and you should click the one best suited to where you normally buy, or just search. Oh, and in case you are in doubt, the book is written in ENGLISH!




Amazon Spain



Amazon UK



Amazon Global



Amazon SE



Amazon DE




Thank You



Your support will go towards future publications. Thank you.

Excerpt: The N332 Road Safety Project has exciting news for drivers in Spain! For over a decade, their mission has been to clarify Spanish traffic laws, and now, for the first time, you can get their comprehensive advice in print. "N332 – Driving in Spain – 2025 part 1" is a paperback collection of around 70 informative articles from the first half of the year, designed to make Spanish roads safer for everyone. Available on Amazon and other bookshops, it's the perfect summer read to boost your driving knowledge, with more books, including a second 2025 volume and other surprises, planned for release soon!

### Identifying Dangerous Goods

Dangerous goods are those that, in the event of an accident during transport by road or rail, can pose risks to the population, property, and the environment. The UN has registered up to 3,500 of them in the "Orange Book," which includes recommendations for their transport. In the case of Spanish roads, the movement of dangerous goods must be carried out in accordance with the conditions established in Royal Decree 97/2014 of the Ministry of the Presidency and in accordance with the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR). This document is internationally recognised.



Identifying the transport of dangerous goods



Every package of goods considered dangerous for transport must be clearly identified with a sticker. Any container and any vehicle in which it is transported must display two types of external markings: On the one hand, the so-called "orange panel," listed in the General Driver Regulations as the V-11 sign. On the other hand, the so-called label plates correspond to the danger stickers associated with those goods.



ORANGE PANEL



The number on the top line indicates the type of hazard (gas release, flammability, toxicity or infection hazard, radioactivity, corrosiveness, or spontaneous violent reaction hazard). Double a number indicates an increased risk.



Examples include:




Class 1: Explosives



Class 2: Gases



Class 3: Flammable Liquids



Class 4: Flammable Solids



Class 5: Oxidizers



Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Substances



Class 7: Radioactive Materials



Class 8: Corrosives



Class 9: Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods




The four numbers on the bottom line correspond to the hazard identification number according to the UN Model Regulation (Orange Book). One panel must be placed on the front and the other on the rear of the truck.



Example:




1202 - GAS OIL or DIESEL FUEL or HEATING OIL, LIGHT (flash- point not more than 60 °C)




STICKERS (LOAD) AND PLATES-LABELS (CONTAINERS AND VEHICLES)



Dangerous goods are classified into nine classes and 13 specific categories, including gases, liquids, solids, flammable, corrosive, radioactive, toxic or infectious substances, peroxides, or those that can spontaneously combust, be harmful to the environment, or simply be exposed to very high temperatures.



Each of these categories is identified with a different type of sticker or label, which must be clearly visible from the outside. These are placed on both sides and at each end of the container and/or vehicle, depending on the type of trailer.

Excerpt: Understanding how dangerous goods are identified is crucial for road safety. Learn about the UN's "Orange Book" and the ADR regulations governing their transport in the UK and internationally. This section details the mandatory "orange panel" and hazard label plates, explaining the significance of the hazard identification numbers and UN numbers. Discover the nine classes of dangerous goods and how each is visibly identified on vehicles and containers to ensure public awareness and safety.

### Robotic urological surgery Quirónsalud Torrevieja

In the field of urology, the Da Vinci robot has proven to be highly effective.



Thanks to its sophisticated and innovative technology, the Da Vinci system allows minimally invasive surgeries to be performed with maximum precision and safety.



Some of the most common urological pathologies treated by the Da Vinci robot are:




Prostate cancer (prostatectomy).



Kidney cancer (total/partial nephrectomy).



Bladder cancer (radical cystectomy).



Urinary incontinence and urogenital prolapse.




The Da Vinci robot allows us to deal with highly complex uro-oncological cases with excellent results.



Dr. Sven Petry, head of Urology at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, explains the benefits of Da Vinci surgery in Urology and the most frequent pathologies where this technology is applied.




https://www.youtube.com/embed/ciwgRCED-J4?rel=0&wmode=transparent&proxia




Quirónsalud Torrevieja has a highly qualified team in robotic surgery with more than 15 years of experience



Advantages of robotic surgery in urology



- More precise removal of tumour tissue, improving the effectiveness of the treatment.



- Greater capacity to preserve neurovascular structures, favouring optimal recovery of sexual function.



- Significant improvements in the preservation and restoration of urinary continence after prostate cancer surgery.



- Improved control of defecatory function.



- Significant reduction in blood loss and the need for transfusions during surgery.



- Reduced risk of surgical wound complications and infections, ensuring a safer recovery.



- Shorter hospital stays.



- Faster recovery and earlier return to normal daily activities, improving quality of life in the short term.







>> Robotic prostate surgery



I. Robotic prostate surgery: how is it performed?



Laparoscopic surgery for prostate cancer, assisted by the Da Vinci robot, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure. Small incisions are made in the skin (0.5 to 1 cm in length) through which instruments are inserted to carry out the removal of the prostate.



Thanks to the high-definition camera and the high-precision system of the Da Vinci surgical robot, the surgeon can direct the instruments from the outside, thus achieving an optimal level of precision.



Some of the advantages of the Da Vinci robot prostatectomy are:



- Recovery of urinary continence with one-year continence rates of 95% for the da Vinci system and 80% for open surgery.



- Recovery of Erectile Function: Better recovery of erectile function is recorded with robotic prostatectomy, with one-year sexual potency rates of 97% for the da Vinci system and 88% for open surgery.







II. Postoperative period after robotic prostate surgery



No specific care is required after the operation. Recovery is faster than with traditional open surgery. After being discharged from hospital, the patient can return to his or her daily life, always avoiding exertion during the first 4 weeks.



III. How much does robotic prostate surgery cost?



The cost of the procedure will depend on several factors. Each case must be analysed individually.



Robotic surgery urology Torrevieja



Do you have any doubts? Contact us and we will answer you as soon as possible.

### Can You See Clearly Now?

Nearly 80% of the population in Spain has some form of vision problem, according to the report "Vision in Spain 2020." Furthermore, 30% of people suffer from at least two vision problems, and 14% from three. Considering that drivers receive 80% of their information while driving through their eyes, this is an important issue. The main disorders are presbyopia (42%), myopia (39%), astigmatism (39%), and hyperopia (18%).



One of the biggest problems with our vision, is that it usually degrades gradually, and is not noticed. Anyone who wears glasses will testify to the difference from what is believed to be good vision, to wearing the prescribed lenses.



Therefore, it is crucial to have your eyes tested on a regular basis-



If you do use vision correction, here are some tips:




Wear your glasses or contact lenses while driving.



If you need to wear reading glasses, it is recommended that you use progressive lenses to better observe the information you receive through the vehicle's dashboard.



Sunglasses that block out excess light make driving more comfortable.



If you experience difficulty driving at night (such as poor visibility of road signs, poor depth estimation, etc.), avoid driving at night or in poor lighting conditions (rain, fog, etc.). Plan your trip to avoid adverse weather conditions.



Reduce speed: Increasing speed reduces your field of vision.



If you take any medication that affects your vision, follow your doctor's advice and avoid night driving.



If the ophthalmologist dilates your pupils during an examination, do not drive until the medication wears off.




Human vision is very complex. As Dr. Nouzet explains in the "Manual on Neurology and Driving," "when driving, humans must be attentive to the images processed in the central and peripheral visual fields, under different lighting conditions and, therefore, contrast between images, while moving in an environment that, in turn, includes other moving objects and, often, in adverse conditions that, in and of themselves, reduce visibility. Furthermore, human visual function is highly complex because it needs to integrate various types of information (position, size, colour, movement, etc.) to create a clear image for the brain. All in all, it's easy to understand how visual disturbances can affect the ability to drive vehicles."



Visual acuity (the definition or detail with which objects are perceived), visual field (the total space covered by vision when looking at a central point), and contrast sensitivity (the ability to distinguish an object from its surroundings) are basic driving abilities that can be impaired by numerous diseases or disorders, either affecting the organ of vision itself (cataracts, glaucoma, or refractive disorders such as myopia or astigmatism), or by diseases affecting other organs or systems, such as diabetes. A decrease in these abilities puts the safety of both the driver and others at risk.



During medical examinations to obtain or renew a driver's license, the first test performed on a driver is visual acuity, specifically distance visual acuity. Good visual acuity allows for accurate observation of visual stimuli in the road environment.



The regulations allow driving with binocular visual acuity of 0.5 (with or without correction); however, drivers must be instructed that they must drive with the best vision they can achieve, and if they achieve vision better than 0.5 with glasses or contact lenses, even if not required to do so, it is essential that they wear them. Furthermore, in poor lighting conditions (at night or with poor visibility), visual acuity is reduced, and adequate contrast sensitivity—the ability to identify an object and separate it from its background (traffic signs, pedestrians, vehicles)—is required. When contrast sensitivity is impaired, driving from dusk to dawn should be avoided.



Remember also, if you wear glasses, it is a good idea to carry a spare pair with you when driving, although this is no longer mandatory, as you will be unable to drive if anything happens to the spectacles you are wearing.

Excerpt: With nearly 80% of Spaniards experiencing some form of vision problem, and drivers relying on their eyes for 80% of driving information, good eyesight is paramount for road safety. Vision often degrades gradually, making regular eye tests crucial. If you wear corrective lenses, always use them while driving and consider progressive lenses for dashboard clarity. Be cautious driving at night or in poor conditions if you experience difficulties, and always reduce speed, as higher speeds limit your field of vision. Remember, certain medications and even dilated pupils can impair your ability to drive safely. Good visual acuity, field, and contrast sensitivity are vital for distinguishing road hazards and can be affected by various conditions like cataracts or diabetes. Always ensure your vision meets legal requirements for driving, and keep a spare pair of glasses handy if you wear them.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 22, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering June 15, 2025 to June 21, 2025):

Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 15, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering June 8, 2025…

Read more...

Pain Management Unit: Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital
At Quirónsalud Torrevieja, we have a team of leading specialists in pain management, offering personalised…

Read more...

The Great Licence Gamble!
Driving with an invalid or expired licence is a surprisingly common, yet serious, offence in Spain, with consequences ranging from fines to prison time. This includes residents driving on unexchanged foreign licences (especially UK licences post-Brexit) and those attempting to cheat driving tests. Spanish law is clear: all drivers must hold a valid, recognized licence for their residency status. Violations can lead to substantial fines (€200-€500), points deductions, and even criminal charges for serious infringements like driving while banned or impersonating another for a test. Stay informed on Spanish driving regulations to avoid legal trouble and ensure road safety.

Read more...

Summer Projects from N332
In this introductory video, Mark Nolan tells you about some of the projects we…

Read more...

Transport of Dangerous Goods
Transporting dangerous goods by road carries significant risks, necessitating strict regulations on routes, schedules, vehicle signage, and driver qualifications. Discover how these measures prevent tragedies like Spain's devastating 1978 Alfaques campsite explosion. Learn about accident classifications, reporting requirements, and crucial safety recommendations for both drivers and the public when encountering hazardous material transport.

Read more...

A New Virtual Assistant Promises to Help with DGT Procedures
The DGT has launched María, a new virtual assistant designed to simplify procedures like driver's license renewals, fine payments, and vehicle registration. Built with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) technology, María accesses a database of official documents to provide accurate, regulation-compliant answers. While currently Spanish-only, it promises to save users time by offering direct answers to their DGT queries.

Read more...

### A New Virtual Assistant Promises to Help with DGT Procedures

If you have recently had a parcel go missing, or needed to contact your virtual bank, as well as many other interactions, you may have experienced the world of AI driven virtual assistants, and whether your experience is good or bad… The DGT has jumped on the AI train and launched their own virtual assistant which promises to help with their procedures.



The DGT's new virtual assistant is called María and was created using RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) technology. This conversational assistant combines an advanced language model with a database of official documents converted into vector format.



This technology allows the assistant to first locate the most relevant texts when a user asks a question and, using that information as context, generate a clear response that complies with current regulations.



The new conversational assistant, María, is ready to provide information on various procedures such as renewing a driver's licence, paying fines, or registering a vehicle.



The great advantage of this system is that it saves you the hassle of searching for information through menus or traditional searches. You ask María, and the DGT answers. In theory!



The disadvantage is that an opportunity has so far ben missed, in that Maria only reads and responds in Spanish, which is a fair enough response in traditional operations, but a lot easier to do when implementing the use of AI.



None the less, you can use a translator, such as Google or Microsoft, or others, to assist you.

Excerpt: The DGT has launched María, a new virtual assistant designed to simplify procedures like driver's license renewals, fine payments, and vehicle registration. Built with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) technology, María accesses a database of official documents to provide accurate, regulation-compliant answers. While currently Spanish-only, it promises to save users time by offering direct answers to their DGT queries.

### Transport of Dangerous Goods

The high level of danger associated with hazardous materials transported by road imposes limitations on their transport, including the routes that can be used, the schedules, the requirements for drivers responsible for transporting them, and the mandatory signage for vehicles moving them.



The worst road accident involving the transport of dangerous goods in Spain occurred in 1978. 243 people died and more than 300 were seriously injured. A tanker truck loaded with liquefied propylene exploded as it passed through the Alfaques campsite in Tarragona. Fortunately, the transport of dangerous goods by road is now subject to restrictions to prevent tragedies like this.



Restricting these types of freight trips to high-capacity roads and away from urban or environmentally protected areas; reducing travel times; requiring clear identification of containers and vehicles; and requiring special qualifications for drivers are some of these restrictions.



Type of accident



Depending on the conditions of the accident, they are classified into five types, ranging from type 1—in which there is no derailment or leak—to type 5, in which the contents explode and the container is destroyed.



Regarding the situations that may arise, depending on the resources needed to control them and the risk to people or the environment, they are divided into four categories (from 0 to 3). The most common and least difficult to address, situation 0, can be controlled by available resources and poses no risk to third parties, the environment, or property outside the road network. At the other extreme, situation 3 requires the coordination of own resources and the State Plan and must be declared by the Ministry of the Interior.



There are accidents that, according to the ADR, must be reported to Civil Protection. In 2022, 55 freight transport accidents were recorded by the General Directorate of Civil Protection and Emergencies (DGPCE). Of these, 66.2% were type 0 emergencies. And of the 706 road accidents reported between 2013 and 2022, 76% did not require protective measures for the population. In 60.9% of the cases during that decade, tanker trucks were involved.



Recommendations



Drivers should take extreme precautions when driving on and near these vehicles: increasing the safety distance when driving behind them and taking extra care when overtaking are the main recommendations.



If you notice a leak, you should: notify the driver and call 112; avoid any type of intervention you are not familiar with; refrain from smoking; or move away from the scene to facilitate the arrival and operation of the emergency services, while always trying not to disrupt traffic.



In open spaces, it's important to avoid standing downwind, and at home, you should close doors and windows, lower blinds, connect a battery-powered radio, and follow any instructions from emergency services.

Excerpt: Transporting dangerous goods by road carries significant risks, necessitating strict regulations on routes, schedules, vehicle signage, and driver qualifications. Discover how these measures prevent tragedies like Spain's devastating 1978 Alfaques campsite explosion. Learn about accident classifications, reporting requirements, and crucial safety recommendations for both drivers and the public when encountering hazardous material transport.

### Summer Projects from N332

In this introductory video, Mark Nolan tells you about some of the projects we are working on this summer, ready for launch later in the year, as well as some of the improvements we have made so far to help you get the information you need about driving in Spain and Spanish Traffic Law.




https://youtu.be/zh9pqgUVhHw

### The Great Licence Gamble!

Driving with an expired or invalid driver's licence or even without ever having taken the test to obtain one are more common violations than we might think and can, in some cases, land drivers in court.



Driving to a course to get your driver's licence back... even though a court ruling has revoked it. Using an earpiece during the theory test. Driving with a foreign, falsified licence. All these cases and many more are seen regularly. The inventiveness of the most irresponsible drivers seems limitless when it comes to cheating with this document, but their behaviour, in addition to posing an obvious road hazard, can constitute a crime.



Article 84.4 of the Traffic and Road Safety Law (LTSV) clearly establishes that there are matters that fall outside the jurisdiction of municipal authorities to impose sanctions. These provisions include Title IV, which includes everything related to administrative driving permits. Cheating with these permits can constitute a minor, serious, or very serious infraction, and some result in points being deducted. But let's look at the most common ones and review their consequences.



It is worth noting that those drivers from the UK who become resident in Spain are no longer allowed to drive on their UK licence and have to exchange it for the Spanish equivalent. The exchanging was always the case before, but since Brexit the process is different, and for residents the UK licence is no longer valid. Tourists may still use their licence.



Violations involving licences from other countries are common. Last year, 21,606 fines were issued to people driving with a licence that was not valid in Spain. Furthermore, 16,026 drivers had not exchanged their licence; in 3,039 cases, the driver had not renewed it after acquiring residency in Spain.



It's worth remembering that driving licenses from third countries (non-EU or EEA) are valid for driving in Spain if they meet certain requirements: they must be valid at the time of issue, the holder must be of the required age in Spain to obtain an equivalent Spanish licence, and the maximum period of six months from the date the holder acquired normal residence in Spain has not elapsed. After this period, the driver must exchange their licence for a Spanish one. "In case of failure to comply with this obligation, the penalty can range from 200 euro (if the licence is exchangeable) to 500 euro when the original licence is not exchangeable due to not meeting the essential requirements, or when there is no agreement with the issuing country for the homologation of driving licences," explains María Ángeles Ocaña Salas.



Other Irregularities



Among the serious irregularities, it is worth highlighting those committed by some drivers who return to the road after serving their criminal sentence for driving ban, but without having completed the mandatory driver awareness and re-education course. Article 73 of the Traffic and Road Safety Law establishes the obligation to complete this course, and failure to do so carries a fine of 200 euro. Furthermore, driving while serving a criminal sentence for driving ban is even more serious and is classified as a violation of a sentence, as set out in Article 468 of the Criminal Code.



Cheating on a driving test, or at least attempting to do so, is an offence introduced in the latest regulatory amendment, Law 18/2021 of December 21. It is considered very serious and carries a fine of 500 euro and a ban from taking a new test for six months. This regulatory amendment addresses cases involving the use of unauthorised intercom devices during tests to obtain and recover driving licences or permits. However, if another person is sent to impersonate the candidate for the test, this would constitute a case of identity theft or civil status impersonation, as it is referred to in Article 401 of the Criminal Code. This constitutes a potential crime punishable by prison terms of six months to three years.



The Supreme Court has ruled on driving with a licence from another country after a Spanish licence has been declared invalid due to the exhaustion of points. These are cases in which drivers fraudulently seek to avoid the effects of the declaration of invalidity by exchanging another driver's licence in a European Union country, either during the expiration of the validity procedure or once it has been declared invalid. The Supreme Court, Criminal Division, ruled in its ruling 612/2017 that it is not possible to hold two licences and use whichever is appropriate at any given time, especially when driving in a country whose regulations prohibit driving as a result of the violations committed, which entail the expiration of the licence due to the total loss of points.

Excerpt: Driving with an invalid or expired licence is a surprisingly common, yet serious, offence in Spain, with consequences ranging from fines to prison time. This includes residents driving on unexchanged foreign licences (especially UK licences post-Brexit) and those attempting to cheat driving tests. Spanish law is clear: all drivers must hold a valid, recognized licence for their residency status. Violations can lead to substantial fines (€200-€500), points deductions, and even criminal charges for serious infringements like driving while banned or impersonating another for a test. Stay informed on Spanish driving regulations to avoid legal trouble and ensure road safety.

### Pain Management Unit: Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital

At Quirónsalud Torrevieja, we have a team of leading specialists in pain management, offering personalised and effective solutions.



Our Pain Management Unit (PMU) is composed of a multidisciplinary team including anaesthesiologists, surgeons, rehabilitation physicians, neurologists, nutritionists, physiotherapists… who, together with the most advanced techniques, achieve a high success rate in pain reduction.



Understanding Different Types of Pain



It is essential to distinguish between acute and chronic pain.




Acute pain: Sudden onset. It is usually caused by a specific factor (surgery, burns, fractures, falls, etc.). It lasts less than six months. Once the cause resolves, the patient can return to normal life without lasting effects.



Chronic or persistent pain: Ongoing pain that varies in intensity. It may include flare-ups that become unmanageable with usual medication. Chronic pain is not just a symptom but a disease in itself, affecting not only the physical health of the patient but also their psychological and social wellbeing.




Each type of pain requires a different treatment approach.



Treatments Offered by the Pain Management Unit



The main objective of the PMU is to improve the patient’s quality of life, allowing them to return to daily activities. In most cases, this requires a combination of different treatments:




Non-interventional: Pharmacological treatments.





Interventional: Applied when there is insufficient response to medication or intolerable side effects. These methods are often used alongside pharmacological therapy.




Pulsed vs. Thermal Radiofrequency: When to Use Each Technique?



Our team will determine the most appropriate approach based on each patient's condition, ensuring the right technique is applied for maximum benefit.



Innovative and Effective Treatments



At the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Pain Management Unit, we offer the most innovative treatments combined with minimally invasive techniques to provide a personalised and effective solution.







Techniques We Perform



A wide range of procedures are available, either independently or in conjunction with medication, to manage chronic pain more effectively, including:




Epidural blocks



Selective nerve root blocks



Peripheral nerve blocks



Catheter placement for central or continuous peripheral nerve blocks



Radiofrequency ablation of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar facet joints



Intra-articular and intradiscal radiofrequency



Pulsed radiofrequency of dorsal root ganglion, peripheral nerve, and epidural space



Epidural and subcutaneous electrode implantation for peripheral nerve stimulation



Intrathecal pump implantation for drug infusion in pain and spasticity treatment




Your First Visit to the Pain Management Unit




Initial consultation: Patients are seen in the outpatient clinic, where their case is reviewed to determine the most appropriate technique. It is recommended to bring all previous test results and medical reports.



Subsequent appointments: The specialist may order further tests or perform diagnostic procedures, followed by monitoring the treatment or interventions provided.



Administration of medications and other necessary healthcare products.



Discharge planning: Patients receive comprehensive instructions to ensure proper follow-up and continuity of care and safety.




When Should You Visit the Pain Management Unit?




Pain lasts longer than three months and interferes with daily activities.



Medication is no longer effective.



Pain has been investigated and treated but the origin remains unclear.



You are not a candidate for surgery or prefer alternative treatments.



You experience pain following surgery or an accident.








Conditions Treated at the Torrevieja Pain Management Unit



The most common conditions include:




Lower back pain: Spinal canal stenosis, degenerative spondyloarthrosis, post-surgical pain syndrome, failed back surgery, dorsolumbalgia, lumbosciatica, cervicobrachialgia, and other spinal conditions.



Joint osteoarthritis: Shoulder, knee, and hip pain not responding to medication or persisting after surgery.



Neuralgias: Pudendal neuralgia, postherpetic neuralgia (shingles), trigeminal neuralgia, entrapment neuropathies, chronic headaches, facial pain, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), among others.



Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (Type I and II)



Chronic ischaemic pain



Ischaemic pain in the lower limbs



Peripheral and post-surgical neuropathies (especially after thoracotomies, hernia repairs, vascular surgery)



Refractory headaches and migraines



Pain requiring opioid adjustment, rotation, or showing poor response



Joint and rheumatic pain



Chronic myofascial pain. Fibromyalgia



Piriformis syndrome



Complex regional pain syndrome / algodystrophy



Urogenital and perianal pain



Visceral pain



Oncological pain



Trochanteric bursitis



Pelvic pain




Cost of the Pain Management Service: Quirónsalud Torrevieja



The specialist will assess each individual case to determine the appropriate treatment and its associated cost.



How Can We Help?



If you have any questions about our services, please get in touch with us using the contact form. We will respond as soon as possible.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 15, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering June 8, 2025 to June 14, 2025):

Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 8, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering June 1, 2025…

Read more...

How to Deal with an Emergency in a Tunnel
Coping with emergencies in tunnels can be daunting, but knowing the correct procedures is vital for everyone's safety. This guide provides a clear plan of action should you face an emergency while driving in tunnels. Learn how to remain calm, assess the situation, and then protect yourself and the scene. We detail how to locate and use emergency exits and help points, marked with clear signage. Crucially, discover the essential steps to take if your vehicle is involved in an incident, including how to position your vehicle, use warning signals, and evacuate all occupants safely. Special attention is given to fire incidents, explaining how to facilitate access for emergency services and direct occupants away from danger. Finally, we cover how to call for help using SOS emergency phones, ensuring your location is immediately known.

Read more...

On the road, alcohol kills
Driving under the influence of alcohol remains a significant road safety issue in Spain, contributing to hundreds of deaths and serious injuries annually. Alcohol impairs crucial driving abilities like coordination, attention, vision, and decision-making, with effects intensifying based on factors such as consumption amount, individual characteristics, and combination with other substances.

Read more...

Government Approves New Spanish Road Signs
The Spanish Government has approved an update to its official catalogue of traffic signs, effective July 1, 2025. This reform adapts signage to modern social, technological, and mobility changes, introducing new signs for personal mobility vehicles, updating pictograms, and removing obsolete ones. The gradual physical replacement of signs aims for a unified, clearer, and more inclusive road signage system across the country.

Read more...

Dealing with Tractors
During spring and summer, tractors and other agricultural vehicles become more common on Spanish roads, often travelling slowly and requiring extra caution from other drivers. Understanding their road positioning, speed restrictions, and licensing requirements is essential for safety. Motorists should maintain a safe distance, overtake only when it’s clearly safe, and be especially mindful on rural and interurban roads. Patience and respect are key when sharing the road with agricultural machinery.

Read more...

### Dealing with Tractors

During the spring and into summer, field work increases for farmers, and therefore the presence of tractors often increases on the roads, and for everyone else, due to their speed limits and size, sharing space with them requires greater caution.



We are not only talking about tractors, although it is a word we will use for simplicity, as the term agricultural vehicles encompasses a wide variety of machines, but they all have in common that they are built and designed for agricultural work. They are divided into motor-driven (self-propelled) machines, such as tractors, walking tractors, carriers, tractor-trailers, or autonomous agricultural machinery, such as combine harvesters, and those that do not have engines because they are towed, either by machinery or by trailers and semi-trailers.



The size and weight of each vehicle will determine not only the permit or licence required to drive it, but also how it must travel on the roads: speed limits, traffic restrictions, signage requirements, etc. Some of these vehicles will be restricted to a maximum speed of 25 kilometres per hour.



Thus, vehicles that do not exceed the masses or dimensions established in general for ordinary vehicles (12 m in length, 2.55 m in width and up to 4 m in height) may be driven if they have a Driving Licence for Agricultural Vehicles (LVA), which can be obtained from the age of 16 and provided they have passed the corresponding theoretical and practical tests.



These vehicles can also be driven with a B licence, which is required for vehicles larger than these dimensions and for vehicles that, by design, can exceed 45 km/h.



Speed ​​and position



The restrictions for this machinery extend to the space they can occupy on the road, which is also related to size, weight, and speed. While on urban roads there are no restrictions as long as they do not obstruct other traffic, on interurban roads, "small" tractors, weighing up to 3,500 kilos, must travel on the shoulder, if passable, and if not, on the essential portion of the roadway.



On the hard shoulder, you must be especially careful with other vehicles that are required to use the same space (vehicles for people with reduced mobility, animal-drawn vehicles, bicycles, and mopeds).



Larger vehicles, on the other hand, must travel on the roadway, preferably in the right lane, always obeying the speed limit and displaying the mandatory signs indicating that they are slow-moving vehicles.



In most cases, other road users' lack of understanding of the special characteristics of these vehicles and the low speeds at which they travel pose a risk to road safety that must be addressed. "This involves heavy machinery traveling on roads that are not in the best condition, because investment in them is difficult, as they are located in the most sparsely populated areas," notes David Erice, technician from UPA.



What to do



When driving near tractors, patience and care are crucial. These vehicles travel slowly and behave differently than other vehicles when braking or turning. Always maintain a safe distance. When overtaking, make sure the road is clear, drive slowly, and manoeuvre respectfully.

Excerpt: During spring and summer, tractors and other agricultural vehicles become more common on Spanish roads, often travelling slowly and requiring extra caution from other drivers. Understanding their road positioning, speed restrictions, and licensing requirements is essential for safety. Motorists should maintain a safe distance, overtake only when it’s clearly safe, and be especially mindful on rural and interurban roads. Patience and respect are key when sharing the road with agricultural machinery.

### Government Approves New Spanish Road Signs

The Spanish Government has approved the update of the official catalogue of traffic signs, adapting signage to social, technological, and mobility changes, with a unified catalogue that improves understanding and consistency throughout the country.



New signs are being added to regulate new modes of transportation, such as personal mobility vehicles, and to respond to current traffic situations.



Pictograms have been redesigned, visibility has been improved, and obsolete signs have been removed, with special attention to sustainability and inclusive visual language.



The royal decree will come into force on July 1, 2025, but the physical change of the signs will be carried out gradually.



The new signs will not be immediately included in the theoretical exams to allow time for updating the manuals and facilitating the preparation of candidates.



The Full Story



The Council of Ministers approved this Tuesday an amendment to the General Traffic Regulations that updates the road signage system, in force since 2003, with new traffic signs that reflect the social, technological, and mobility changes experienced over the last two decades and with the aim of improving road safety and efficient traffic management.



The reform of the General Traffic Regulations, carried out in collaboration with the Ministries of Transport and Sustainable Mobility, Industry and Tourism, and Defence, revises Title IV of the regulation, relating to vertical signage, construction and beaconing, traffic officer signage, circumstantial signage, and traffic lights, and consolidates an official catalogue of traffic signs and road markings that unifies the form, symbols, and nomenclature of all indicators.



Furthermore, given the growing volume of information received by drivers through multiple channels, the reform aims to ensure that the road signage system transmits clear, direct and universally understandable messages. To this end, beyond updating the design or graphic details of the signs, it ensures that the message received and interpreted by drivers, pedestrians and other users complies with the principles of an effective semiotic system in line with the provisions of the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals. This update will therefore allow for better understanding by users and greater consistency throughout the country.



MAIN CHANGES



One of the priority objectives of the reform of the General Traffic Regulations is to adapt its content to current regulations and respond to the new needs arising from the advancement of mobility infrastructure and technologies. This update affects both the articles and Annex I and the official signage catalogues.



Among the main changes are the modification of the design and definition of numerous signage elements, including vertical signs, road markings, and a specific clarification of circumstantial signage. New signs are also being introduced to meet current demands, and those that have become obsolete or are no longer covered by recent regulations are being eliminated.



The amendments seek to align the regulations with the Traffic Law, improve the understanding and visibility of signs, modernise pictograms such as those for railways and bicycles, and better meet the needs of pedestrians and cyclists. Furthermore, sizes have been adjusted to promote more efficient and sustainable manufacturing, information at service stations has been expanded with new types of fuel, more detailed parking signs have been incorporated, and others have been modified due to the humanization work being carried out in numerous municipalities.



Another notable aspect is the elimination of gender connotations in the symbology, thus promoting a more inclusive visual language. This proposal improves the regulatory structure by reserving a brief mention of sign typology in the general articles and developing all the details on shape, colour, design, meaning, and dimensions in Annex I, along with the new catalogue, which visually and orderly compiles all vertical signs and road markings.



In addition, the Ministries of the Interior and Transport and Sustainable Mobility may, by joint ministerial order, modify, eliminate or incorporate new signs into the official catalogue, which will allow for a more agile and effective adaptation of the signage system to future needs.



New signs



The new catalogue of vertical signs incorporates a series of new indicators created to respond to the new realities and mobility needs posed by a constantly evolving society. The emergence of new modes of transportation, such as personal mobility vehicles, has generated situations that require specific regulations and clear, updated signage adapted to the current urban and road environment.



To create the various pictograms, the international use of signs with the same meaning was evaluated, as well as signs already in use in Spain.



The following infographic shows some of the new signs added to the Signs Catalogue.







Modified signs



The reform also includes those signs existing in the General Traffic Regulations that have undergone some type of modification in their design, code, or that have been eliminated to adapt the content of the aforementioned regulations to the proposed new catalogue.



The modification of these signs aims to improve their visibility and/or adapt them to new mobility requirements. Below are some of them:







PROGRESSIVE REPLACEMENT



The reform royal decree will enter into force on July 1, 2025, but the physical replacement of the signs will be carried out gradually and in coordination with the usual renewal cycles to reduce administrative burdens and optimize the use of public resources. Furthermore, the signs that have been removed must be removed for reasons of legal certainty within one year of the entry into force of the royal decree.



As is typical with any regulatory change, the new content will not be immediately incorporated into the theoretical tests for obtaining driving permits and licenses. After the regulation comes into effect, a minimum of three months will be allowed before its inclusion in the exams to allow for training manuals to be updated and ensure candidates have the necessary time to prepare adequately.

Excerpt: The Spanish Government has approved an update to its official catalogue of traffic signs, effective July 1, 2025. This reform adapts signage to modern social, technological, and mobility changes, introducing new signs for personal mobility vehicles, updating pictograms, and removing obsolete ones. The gradual physical replacement of signs aims for a unified, clearer, and more inclusive road signage system across the country.

### On the road, alcohol kills

Hundreds of people die and are seriously injured each year in road accidents where alcohol plays a significant role. Various experts analyse this problem: the risks it poses to driving, the measures that can be taken, including an upcoming reduction in the legal alcohol limit, and why, even today, some drivers insist on getting behind the wheel after drinking.



Alcohol causes a wide range of symptoms in our bodies that are incompatible with safe driving. These effects can also vary and be exacerbated by a person's weight, sex, age, and health, how and how much is consumed, the type of alcoholic beverage, and its combination with medications and other drugs.



"Alcohol is a psychoactive substance and alters psychomotor and perceptual functions, the abilities necessary for driving: coordination, attention, vision, behaviour, decision-making... As the amount of alcohol in the body increases, these effects persist and intensify. Its potency can vary, but it always has an impact," explains Julio Pérez, medical advisor at the National Road Safety Observatory of the General Directorate of Traffic.



In Spain, an increase in the number of accidents with alcohol-related fatalities (at least one driver tested positive) has been detected over the last five years. According to data from the DGT (Directorate-General for Traffic), 4,283 accidents involving alcohol were recorded in 2022 (20% more than in 2018), with 312 deaths (up 5%) and 518 serious injuries (up 10%). “The reasons for this increase may be varied. The desire to go out after the pandemic, more mental health problems such as stress or depression, laxity in strict compliance with the rules... In addition, many “frequent users” are no longer stopped at checkpoints because more and more are receiving alerts of their location through social media. And the problem is increasingly affecting drivers between 40 and 50 years old. Incidentally, the same worrying trend is observed with other drugs of abuse, with anti-anxiety medications, etc.,” analyses Jesús Monclús, director of the Prevention and Road Safety Department at the Mapfre Foundation.



For its part, reports from the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF) also show, in the results of their autopsies, a significant increase in the presence of this substance in road accidents over the last six years: one in three (33%) drivers killed in road accidents in 2023 had alcohol in their system; in 2018, it was one in four (26%). Regarding pedestrian deaths, the INTCF reveals that, in 2023, 29% tested positive, almost double the 2018 rate (16%).



The DGT is currently considering lowering the maximum blood alcohol level for drivers.



“With this reduction in the maximum legal blood alcohol level, we hope to reduce the percentage of drivers who get behind the wheel after consuming alcohol, and thus the associated accidents. The impact is expected not only in the 0.2-0.5 g/l limit, but also at higher levels. In Sweden and Norway, two benchmark countries, a significant reduction in accidents was observed after implementing the 0.2 g/l limit,” says Álvaro Gómez, director of the DGT's National Road Safety Observatory. He adds that this measure “will be complemented by the implementation of the alcohol lock on buses, increased inspections, and a project targeting repeat offenders.”



“If you drink, don’t drive”.

Excerpt: Driving under the influence of alcohol remains a significant road safety issue in Spain, contributing to hundreds of deaths and serious injuries annually. Alcohol impairs crucial driving abilities like coordination, attention, vision, and decision-making, with effects intensifying based on factors such as consumption amount, individual characteristics, and combination with other substances.

### How to Deal with an Emergency in a Tunnel

We hope you are never involved in any kind of emergency situation on the roads, but if you are, it is important that you act appropriately to try to ensure the safety of everyone, and one area which often causes concerns is how to deal with emergencies in tunnels.



The first thing to do, wherever the emergency might be, is to remain calm, and then assess the situation before acting. Then, protect yourself, protect the scene, and then call for help.



Tunnels of some length will have pedestrian exits and help points which are for use in emergencies only. The exits are indicated by the universal emergency exit signs of a pictogram of a figure about to leave a door, and often accompanied by the words “Salida” or “Salida de Emergencia”.



The location of the closest emergency point is indicated by arrows on the wall of the tunnel. In the event of an emergency access point being in both directions, often a larger arrow will indicate the direction to the nearest emergency point or exit, which may be in front or behind.





















In the event of being involved in an emergency in a tunnel, you must:



Switch off the engine, switch on emergency hazard lights and leave your vehicle lights on.



If the emergency makes it impossible for the vehicle to continue, try to steer the vehicle to the area reserved for emergencies in the direction of travel, such as the hard shoulder if available, or an emergency layby. In the absence of these features, you must try to stop your vehicle as close as possible to the right side of the edge of the roadway.



Use your emergency warning light, the V-16, or triangles in some cases to indicate your vehicle is creating a hazard.



All vehicle occupants must leave the vehicle and proceed to the nearest evacuation emergency exit.



In case of fire, the driver must make every effort to ensure vehicles do not block the path of the emergency vehicles attending. Turn off the ignition, leaving the key, and leaving the doors open. All vehicle occupants must leave by the nearest available exit in the opposite direction to the fire.



Remember, when everyone is in a safe location should you call for help, which can be done at the SOS emergency phones, where your location will be immediately recorded, otherwise, call 112.

Excerpt: Coping with emergencies in tunnels can be daunting, but knowing the correct procedures is vital for everyone's safety. This guide provides a clear plan of action should you face an emergency while driving in tunnels. Learn how to remain calm, assess the situation, and then protect yourself and the scene. We detail how to locate and use emergency exits and help points, marked with clear signage. Crucially, discover the essential steps to take if your vehicle is involved in an incident, including how to position your vehicle, use warning signals, and evacuate all occupants safely. Special attention is given to fire incidents, explaining how to facilitate access for emergency services and direct occupants away from danger. Finally, we cover how to call for help using SOS emergency phones, ensuring your location is immediately known.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 8, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering June 1, 2025 to June 7, 2025):

Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 1, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering May 25, 2025…

Read more...

Driving Through Tunnels
Driving through tunnels requires careful attention to specific rules and environmental changes to ensure safety. This guide highlights essential considerations for driving through tunnels, from adapting to lighting and airflow changes to understanding critical signage. Learn about mandatory speed limits, the crucial difference between headlights and daytime running lights, and safe following distances – including the 100-metre minimum for cars and 150-metre minimum for HGVs. We also cover lane indicators and prohibited overtaking in two-way tunnels, ensuring you're fully prepared for safe passage.

Read more...

Motorcyclists Must Be Aware of the Risks
In 2024, 286 motorcyclists died in 278 fatal accidents on intercity roads, contributing to a total of 2,385 motorcyclist fatalities over the last decade. The DGT highlights that motorcycle accidents are complex due to factors like rider vulnerability, reduced visibility, environmental influences (rain, wind, road surfaces), and other drivers' errors.

Read more...

How to Check Facebook, Find N332, and What we are Doing Next!
We recently explained that a problem with Facebook´s AI resulted in the N332 Facebook page being suspended. We hope it will return soon, but it is taking longer than we would like. Therefore, we have set up an alternative Facebook page, and we would really appreciate it if you would follow us at N332 Spanish Traffic Law

Read more...

Why Safety Distances Matter
Understanding stopping distances is crucial for road safety. This involves thinking time, reaction time, and braking time. The two-second rule is a simple way to maintain a safe following distance on dry roads, which should be doubled in wet conditions and significantly increased on slippery surfaces. At 120 km/h, a car travels over 33 metres per second, meaning even with an optimal one-second reaction, you've covered a significant distance before braking. The article highlights how inadequate following distances at speed, especially on motorways, drastically increase the risk of fatal collisions. Factors like driver alertness, vehicle condition, and road conditions all impact these critical distances. If you find a vehicle too close behind you, it's safer to gently reduce your speed or change lanes, rather than reacting aggressively.

Read more...

### Why Safety Distances Matter

When driving, there are numerous factors that have to be taken into consideration, not only how fast we can go forward, but what is happening all around us, including behind, and how we are able to react safely to changing situations, and, ultimately, bring our vehicle to a safe stop.



When it comes to driving safety, it is crucial that our speed will always allow us to stop safely well within the distance we can see to be clear, and one of the most important factors related to that concept, is remaining at a safe distance from the vehicle in front.



When we are driving, and keeping all of these matters and changing conditions in mind, we have to constantly monitor our stopping distance, sometimes called the braking distance, and one of the easiest ways of doing that is using the two second rule. On a normal, dry road, we wait for the vehicle in front to pass a fixed object, a sign, lamppost, crossing, anything which is fixed, and then we begin counting. If we pass the same object within two seconds, we are too close, and need to back off. Remember, the two second rule is dry and optimum conditions, in rain it should be doubled, and in slippery conditions could be up to ten times as much.



If we want to look at the concept in more detail, we can break the stopping distance don into 3 elements. Thinking, reacting, and braking. In other words, respectively, the time and distance covered first when we realise something is wrong and think about applying the brakes, then the actual process of us reacting and applying them, factors which we can combine, and finally the period it actually takes for the vehicle to come to a complete stop.



So, as an example, we took a series of pictures of two cars on the motorway. In reality, these vehicles were travelling in excess of the speed limit, but the purpose of our example, we will assume them to be driving at 120 kilometres per hour.



At that speed, the vehicles will both cover more than 33 metres per second, and a second is the optimum thinking and reaction time combined, and so, if those drivers are fully alert to the conditions, they will travel more than 30 metres before they start to apply the brakes.

















If you look at the pictures again, you will see that there is not 30 metres of distance between the two vehicles, in fact considerably less, and therefore there is no time for the drivers to react without facing a collision, and based on data from IIHS, WHO, and European Transport Safety Council (ETSC), that collision is between 90 and 100 percent likely to have fatal consequences.



Let us look at the situation we have. At 120 kilometres per hour, a car travels 33.3 metres per second, and it takes 1 second to act, covering 33.3 metres, the car in optimum conditions will continue to travel around 144 metres before stopping, the total being 180 metres, which is over 40 average car lengths.



Keep those figures in mind and look again at how close the two vehicles in our picture are, and you can see clearly that there is no time to even react, let alone stop.



Also remember, that in the example, we are talking about optimum conditions. The road and atmospherics can affect the overall braking distance, as can the condition of the vehicle, and when it comes to the driver, alertness, tiredness, distractions, passengers, and inattention significantly increase reaction time, as does a person´s age and ability to see, and impairment through alcohol, drugs (prescription or illicit), and certain other medications.



In terms of the image we have shown, and if you find yourself in a similar situation as the leading vehicle seen, the temptation is sometimes to go faster, but this is the exact opposite of what you should do. Although not ideal, it is appropriate to safely move into another lane when possible. If the vehicle behind is too close, the safest practice is to gently reduce your speed, maintaining a “bubble” around your vehicle, so that in the event of an impact, the lesser speed would produce a safer outcome. It is not safe to act aggressively of brake sharply.

Excerpt: Understanding stopping distances is crucial for road safety. This involves thinking time, reaction time, and braking time. The two-second rule is a simple way to maintain a safe following distance on dry roads, which should be doubled in wet conditions and significantly increased on slippery surfaces. At 120 km/h, a car travels over 33 metres per second, meaning even with an optimal one-second reaction, you've covered a significant distance before braking. The article highlights how inadequate following distances at speed, especially on motorways, drastically increase the risk of fatal collisions. Factors like driver alertness, vehicle condition, and road conditions all impact these critical distances. If you find a vehicle too close behind you, it's safer to gently reduce your speed or change lanes, rather than reacting aggressively.

### How to Check Facebook, Find N332, and What we are Doing Next!

Hello. There are lots of links to click in this article, and lots to play with, so take your time and enjoy, but the first part is really important!



We recently explained that a problem with Facebook´s AI resulted in the N332 Facebook page being suspended. We hope it will return soon, but it is taking longer than we would like. Therefore, we have set up an alternative Facebook page, and we would really appreciate it if you would follow us there…



N332 Spanish Traffic Law



We must also point out that if you are following ANY other page or group with N332 in the title, then that is NOT US. If you are aware of that, it´s okay, but we would hate for you to think you are following us but you are not, or your questions might be answered without you realising that the answers could be incorrect, and will not be from members of the N332 Road Safety Project.



So, please check N332 Spanish Traffic Law and follow us there. Thank you.




VISIT the official N332 Spanish Traffic Law page








Coming Soon



Whilst we have your attention, I thought you might also like to know about a few of the things we are working on, some of which we have accelerated.



spanishtrafficlaw.n332.es



We intended launching this site later in the year, to bring the shorter articles normally posted on Facebook into one place, so you can always refer back to them without the clutter of Facebook. We have made that site live now, because of the issues mentioned above.




Visit spanishtrafficlaw.n332.es








learn.n332.es



Due for launch in the autumn, this site will have a number of “courses”, we will call them, although it is not strictly true, where you can read about, learn, and test your knowledge about various aspects of Spanish Traffic law. We have launched 2 sections now, so you are welcome to play around if you like, before the official launch.



This will also expand to offer content for young adults, parents, and teachers, offering resources and information to help share the safer roads message.




Preview learn.n332.es








traffordandfriends.com



Trafford and Friends are intended to help the littlest members of society learn about road safety at the younger age, to sow the seeds for safer roads as they grow up. Due to be launched in September, with a tour of some of the schools we have been to previously, we have published the first section already, so children and adults can meet Trafford and some of his friends, and join in with some of his songs, which are already available on major platforms like Spotify, iTunes, Amazon, Alexa, and many more. There is also a digital book, and a t-shirt on Amazon, with more to follow ready for the launch.




Preview Trafford and Friends








n332radio.es



Launching for summer, N332 Radio plays none stop easy listening, classical, light jazz, and softer songs, for a relaxing drive, and broadcasts traffic, travel and flight information throughout the morning, and even Trafford has his own show in the evening for the little ones.



We will also publish frequent road traffic, driving weather, and other travel related updates on that website.




Try N332 Radio








Other Developments



We are also creating more digital content, such as digital publications available exclusively through Amazon. Already, as well as Trafford´s first booklet we mentioned, Kindle (device or app) users can also get the first anthology of articles published on the N332 website, which covers every informative article published for the first six months of the year, without distractions. Of course, there will be a second version at the end of 2025.



We are also in the process of publishing paperback books, in print, the first, again, being the anthology just mentioned, with more to come later in the year.



The podcast we have been testing since the winter will launch very soon with regular content, and we have a schedule of videos we intend to record during the next few months, which we will add to our YouTube channel, and Facebook.



After the summer, we will, once again, go on the road and visit some of the communities to give talks on Spanish Traffic Law and Driving in Spain, and we are also looking at holding those talks remotely, so anyone can join us from your own home.







Thank You



This is just a taster of what we are doing over the next few months. Please check that you are following the correct Facebook page, and keep visiting N332.es for the latest updates, so you don´t miss anything, but we also want to thank you again for being with us at N332 for over 10 years now, we couldn´t do it without you, and we must also thank our sponsors who make it possible.



I will explain another time what we are doing to help our sponsors, but at this stage we must say a huge thank you to Car Registrations Spain, who supported us during the talks this spring, providing the equipment and paying for our travel, and we must also thank Coys Rent a Car for giving us a rather nice vehicle to take on our tour of the Costa del Sol.



We hope you will support all of our sponsors, as they support us, and again, thank you for being with us.



Mark Nolan

Excerpt: We recently explained that a problem with Facebook´s AI resulted in the N332 Facebook page being suspended. We hope it will return soon, but it is taking longer than we would like. Therefore, we have set up an alternative Facebook page, and we would really appreciate it if you would follow us at N332 Spanish Traffic Law

### Motorcyclists Must Be Aware of the Risks

In 2024, 286 motorcyclists died in 278 fatal accidents recorded on intercity roads, according to provisional data from the DGT (collected within 24 hours of the accident). Adding up fatalities from the last 10 years, 2,385 motorcycle drivers and passengers have lost their lives in accidents on these types of roads.



“Motorcycle accidents are more complex for several reasons: greater rider vulnerability, reduced visibility and stability of the motorcycle, the influence of factors such as rain and wind, uneven road surfaces, greater exposure to other driver errors, and differences in speed make accidents more frequent and serious than those with other types of vehicles,” explains Pilar del Real, head of the Strategic Planning Area of ​​the DGT's National Road Safety Observatory.



Among driving factors, excessive speed was involved in 101 fatal motorcyclist accidents on roads in 2024—that is, one in three—according to official (and still provisional) statistics from the DGT (Directorate General of Traffic). "The high speeds at which some motorcyclists travel on secondary roads are the leading cause of accidents," explains the University Institute of Traffic and Road Safety (INTRAS) in a recent report on reckless motorcycle behaviour, which also points to other causes such as the existence of a single lane in each direction, numerous curves, coexistence with large vehicles, the entry of people, vehicles, and animals onto the roadway...



By type of accident, run-off-road collisions, head-on collisions, and rear-end collisions are the deadliest.



Motorcycle accidents in cities are completely different from those on roads due to the very characteristics of traffic in urban environments: much lower speeds and much higher traffic density. In cities, motorcycle accidents occur primarily "due to the presence of many other vehicles and pedestrians and the numerous critical points that give rise to traffic conflicts, such as intersections, roundabouts, or traffic lights," notes the study prepared by INTRAS, adding that "certain reckless manoeuvres such as weaving between vehicles, changing lanes without signalling, or without looking also increase the risk of collisions in built-up areas."



Extensive and targeted monitoring campaigns are frequently carried out to try to reduce reckless behaviour by motorcyclists, and so, to echo the sentiment of a former UK advertising campaign, bikers too must “Think once, think twice, think bike!”

Excerpt: In 2024, 286 motorcyclists died in 278 fatal accidents on intercity roads, contributing to a total of 2,385 motorcyclist fatalities over the last decade. The DGT highlights that motorcycle accidents are complex due to factors like rider vulnerability, reduced visibility, environmental influences (rain, wind, road surfaces), and other drivers' errors.

### Driving Through Tunnels

The news recently has once again reported on the devastating impact of a crash in a tunnel, and because of the numerous potential dangers they present, it is crucial to know, remember, and act upon the rules for driving through tunnels.



There are immediate changes in the external driving environment when entering and leaving tunnels, such as a change in lighting, for which our eyes are slower to adapt, and a change in the air flow which can result in physical changes in movement of the vehicle.



As such, we must slow down and use headlights, and maintain a safe distance at all times, whilst also avoiding unnecessary movements such as changing lanes.



When approaching most tunnels, or a series of tunnels, a blue rectangular sign provides some key information about the tunnel, such as the name and the length, as well as details about emergency help points within.



The speed limit in tunnels is controlled with the R-301 mandatory maximum speed limit sign (a red circle with the speed limit in the centre), although many also have an advisory maximum speed limit, indicated by the S-7 blue square with white numbers.



Before entering the tunnel, we will also see the R-413 sign, a blue circle with a headlight pictogram in the centre, telling us that it is mandatory for us to use headlights at all times. It is important to be aware that daytime running lights, which are mandatory on more modern vehicles, are NOT headlights, and are not sufficient when driving through tunnels. Moreover, daytime running lights only illuminate the front of the vehicle, and it is crucial that the back is also illuminated with the mandatory red lights, so always use headlights.



There may be other signs on the entry to tunnels such as the R-306 which prohibits heavy goods vehicles over 3,500 kg from overtaking.





















Some tunnels have indicators above the carriageway which shows if the lane is open or closed. This is sometimes by means of a standard red or green traffic light and sometimes by means of a green arrow or red cross. These indication signs must be observed and acted on at all times. All signs, whether fixed or temporary, visual, or audible, must be adhered to at all times.



In tunnels or underpasses where the traffic flows in both directions, overtaking is prohibited, unless an additional lane or lanes are provided for this.



A safe distance must always be maintained from the vehicle in front, with a minimum of 100 metres being required between each vehicle, the equivalent of a 4 second gap. Some tunnels have markings on the lanes to assist in keeping this distance. For those with no markings the four second gap can be monitored by counting the time between the vehicle in front of you passes a fixed point and the time it takes your vehicle to pass that same place.



In the case of vehicles with a maximum authorized mass exceeding 3,500 kg, the safe distance is increased to at least 150 metres or a minimum interval of at least 6 seconds.



When we exit the tunnel, it will still take a few moments for our eyes to adjust, and we will see a rectangular sign featuring a headlight symbol and question mark, which is our cue to switch off our headlights, if appropriate



It is also important to be aware that Personal Mobility Vehicles, such as electric scooters, are not permitted in tunnels.



Next week, we will look at what to do if we are involved in an emergency in tunnels.

Excerpt: Driving through tunnels requires careful attention to specific rules and environmental changes to ensure safety. This guide highlights essential considerations for driving through tunnels, from adapting to lighting and airflow changes to understanding critical signage. Learn about mandatory speed limits, the crucial difference between headlights and daytime running lights, and safe following distances – including the 100-metre minimum for cars and 150-metre minimum for HGVs. We also cover lane indicators and prohibited overtaking in two-way tunnels, ensuring you're fully prepared for safe passage.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (June 1, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering May 25, 2025 to May 31, 2025):

Weekly Round-up: N332 (May 25, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering May 18, 2025…

Read more...

Robotic Surgery Against Ovarian Cancer: Greater Precision, Less Pain and Faster Recovery
Dr Rodolfo Martín Díaz, Head of the Gynaecology Department at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, outlines…

Read more...

Driving Weather and Road Conditions for Spain – From Monday 26 May 2025
The weather across Spain for the upcoming week will be largely settled for the…

Read more...

Staying Safe on the School Bus
This week, it is possible that you might see police activity around school buses,…

Read more...

Have you ever noticed a small red triangle on the back of some vehicles?
Seen a small red triangle on the back of some vehicles in Spain? This is the V-5 sign, and it's important for other drivers to recognize. It indicates that the vehicle displaying it cannot travel faster than 40 kilometers per hour due to its construction. This sign is exclusively for these slow-moving vehicles. While some vehicles might also display a V-4 sign (a white sign with a black border showing the specific speed limit), the V-5 clearly signals a maximum speed of 40 km/h due to the vehicle's inherent limitations.

Read more...

White Lines (Don´t Do It)
A solid white line across a structure such as a junction is indicative of…

Read more...

Robotic Surgery, Immunotherapy and Comprehensive Care Take Centre Stage at Pancreatic Cancer Conference at Quirónsalud Torrevieja
Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital hosted over 100 medical experts from across the Valencian Community to…

Read more...

Spring is in the Air… As is a lot of Pollen!
Based on the information available, it is estimated that over one-third of the population…

Read more...

### Spring is in the Air… As is a lot of Pollen!

Based on the information available, it is estimated that over one-third of the population in Spain suffers from some form of pollen allergy. The Spanish Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (SEAIC) reports that around eight million individuals are affected, particularly during the spring and summer months. This makes pollen allergies one of the most common health issues in the country, and, potentially, one of the most dangerous conditions when driving due to the effects of both the condition, and the medication to ease it.



In fact, driving with an allergy can increase the risk of having an incident during the journey by 30%, with up to 75% of allergy sufferers admitting that the allergy reduces their ability to drive.



These data are worrying because 30% of the population suffers from some type of allergy and that each year more than a million people go to a specialist for the first time. Experts believe that by 2050 up to 50% of the adult population will suffer from allergic rhinitis (due to pollen, mainly grass). In addition, more than half of allergy sufferers suffer from sleep disturbances and 2 out of 5 of those with rhinitis also suffer from daytime sleepiness, which interferes with their day-to-day activities.



Driving with Allergies



There are a number of problems associated with driving whilst suffering the effects of allergies. Sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes can not only directly impact out ability to control the vehicle, they can also serve as a distraction.



For example, at a speed of 90 kilometres per hour, a five-second sneeze sequence would be equivalent to traveling 140 metres "blindly." This distance increases if we add the moment before the sneeze (during the itching sensation) and the moment after until we regain our attention on the road.



The risks associated with vision problems are also clear, if you cannot see where you are going clearly, how can you see the hazards ahead?



What if we take medication?



Despite the fact that correct treatment is key to reducing the effects of allergy, only 20% of those who suffer from it are treated by a medical specialist. The rest, 80%, either take nothing or self-medicate. The latter is dangerous for road safety because wrong consumption of drugs can alter our ability to drive. In fact, it is estimated that 10% of traffic incidents are related to this.



In addition, we must not forget that some very common medications can cause drowsiness, dizziness, or loss of appetite, which directly influences our ability to drive.



What can we do?



We have some tips to reduce allergy symptoms when we go by car:



Keep the windows closed.



Use air conditioning filters and change them as often as recommended.



Take care of the cleanliness of the vehicle because the dust contains mites, a cause of many allergies.



Wearing sunglasses helps reduce tearing.



If we are going to undertake a long journey, it is recommended to change clothes (especially if we have been abroad) and wash your face and eyes before leaving.



Avoid driving in humid areas or with a lot of vegetation (if possible) so that pollen does not accumulate.



Consult with an allergist and other specialists and avoid self-medication.



Do not consume alcohol because it can enhance the adverse effects of some medications indicated for allergies.



Do not smoke inside the vehicle so as not to aggravate the symptoms.



Try not to drive at dawn or dusk because it is at that time when pollen concentrations are highest.



Check pollen levels on the website of the Spanish Allergy Network, www.polenes.com.

### Robotic Surgery, Immunotherapy and Comprehensive Care Take Centre Stage at Pancreatic Cancer Conference at Quirónsalud Torrevieja

Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital hosted over 100 medical experts from across the Valencian Community to explore the latest advances in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.



Last Thursday, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital held the scientific event titled “Update on the Management and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer”, attended by more than one hundred healthcare professionals from various locations throughout the Valencian Community.



The event served as a key platform for updating clinical knowledge and exchanging experiences regarding one of the most complex oncological diseases, with the aim of enhancing the multidisciplinary approach to pancreatic cancer.



The conference was structured into three themed sessions followed by a round table featuring interactive clinical case discussions. It brought together top-tier specialists in fields such as surgery, medical and radiation oncology, diagnostic imaging, gastroenterology, nutrition, anaesthesiology, and mental health, representing renowned centres such as the Valencian Institute of Oncology, Dr Balmis General Hospital in Alicante, Clínico Universitario Hospital of Valencia, Quirónsalud Valencia, and Quirónsalud Torrevieja itself.



The opening address was delivered by Dr Carlos Yago, Medical Director of Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, who highlighted “the importance of creating spaces for professional exchange, where updated knowledge can be shared, clinical coordination can be strengthened, and innovative care approaches for highly complex diseases such as pancreatic cancer can be consolidated.”



Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer



The first session focused on diagnosis and surgical treatment, with contributions from leading specialists including Dr Guzmán Lopardo (radiologist, Quirónsalud Torrevieja), Dr Fernando Martínez (gastroenterologist, Quirónsalud Valencia), Darío García Calderón (CEO, Cella), Dr José Manuel Ramia (surgeon, Dr Balmis General Hospital, Alicante), and Dr Pedro Bretcha, Head of Surgical Oncology at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, who also chaired the session.



Discussions centred on cutting-edge advances in surgical practice, particularly robotic surgery and the use of 3D virtual models that enable more precise and individualised surgical planning.



Speakers emphasised the importance of high-resolution CT imaging to assess surgical eligibility with curative intent, as well as the role of endoscopic ultrasound and biopsy for genetic tumour profiling. The benefits of using 3D models to tailor surgical strategies to each patient were also examined.



From a surgical standpoint, the panel stressed the need to apply radical oncological resection criteria to improve outcomes in curative surgery.



“Pancreatic surgery is undergoing a technological transformation. Robotic approaches not only enhance precision but also allow us to perform more complex resections with greater patient safety,” said Dr Bretcha.



The future of robotic surgery was explored as it continues to position itself as a key ally in the surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer.



Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Treatment



The second session focused on neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments, chaired by Dr Antonio Brugarolas, Head of the Oncology Platform at Quirónsalud Torrevieja. The panel included experts such as Dr Enrique de Madaria (gastroenterologist), Dr Ramón González Manzano, Dr Pascual Rebollo, Dr Manuel Sureda (oncologists at Quirónsalud Torrevieja), and Dr Rosa Cañón, Head of Radiation Oncology at the same centre.



All panellists agreed that precision oncology, together with the gradual incorporation of emerging therapies such as immunotherapy, is shaping a more personalised, molecularly guided approach to pancreatic cancer.



Key topics included risk factors, the management of premalignant lesions, and updates on molecular biology, genomics, and transcriptomics. The session also reviewed the indications for radiotherapy at various tumour stages, including metastatic disease, and discussed the immunological basis for ongoing immunotherapy trials.



In the area of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the latest protocols aimed at enhancing tumour response prior to surgery were presented.



“The current challenge in treating pancreatic cancer is precisely selecting the most effective therapies for each patient. Thanks to precision medicine and the development of new biomarkers, we are now closer than ever to achieving personalised treatments that significantly improve outcomes,” stated Dr Rosa Cañón.



Clinical Management of Real-World Patient Challenges



The third session addressed the clinical management of the real-life challenges faced by pancreatic cancer patients. Moderated by Dr Enrique de Madaria, the panel featured key professionals including Dr Pablo Pabón (anaesthetist, Quirónsalud Torrevieja), Dr Vicente Sanchiz (gastroenterologist, Quirónsalud Valencia), Dr Guzmán Lopardo (radiologist, Quirónsalud Torrevieja), Dr Pilar Hernández (nutritionist), and Dr Nuria Javaloyes (psychologist), all from Quirónsalud Torrevieja.



The panel collectively emphasised the need for comprehensive care that goes beyond oncological treatment and includes pain management, nutritional support, cutting-edge endoscopic and radiological interventions, and emotional and psychological support.



Minimally invasive endoscopic and radiological techniques now allow for more effective and less traumatic management of complications related to pancreatic cancer. The session also reinforced the value of a truly multidisciplinary approach, uniting diverse expertise to improve patients’ quality of life.



“Pancreatic cancer not only demands complex medical treatments but also a humane and holistic perspective on the patient. Integrating nutrition, pain relief, and emotional support into the care plan is just as important as chemotherapy or surgery,” said Dr de Madaria.



Interactive Clinical Case Review and Closing Remarks



The conference concluded with a live, interactive roundtable featuring two real clinical cases. Using a digital platform, attendees actively participated in the decision-making process, enriching the clinical discussion and strengthening cross-disciplinary collaboration.



Dr Ana Segura, Vice President of the Official College of Physicians of Alicante, delivered the closing address, congratulating Quirónsalud Torrevieja on the scientific excellence and organisational quality of the event.



The conference was part of the 25th anniversary celebrations of Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital and was organised by the centre itself, with scientific endorsement from the Official College of Physicians of Alicante and support from the Spanish Society of Surgical Oncology (SEOQ).

### White Lines (Don´t Do It)

A solid white line across a structure such as a junction is indicative of the mandatory requirement to stop your vehicle.



However, when it comes to longitudinal white lines, those which run alongside the road, they have a similar meaning, in that they are restrictive, but the overall meaning of solid white lines running alongside the road, irrespective of which side of the vehicle they are on, means that no vehicle is generally allowed to cross that line.



This means that you are not permitted to overtake. Not crossing the solid white line also means when turning. If there is a solid white line in the centre of the road, you must not cross that line to turn left.



Solid white lines also often appear where you might not expect them, such as on the approach to junctions, roundabouts, or crossings, which means, again, you must not cross, so changing lanes or overtaking are prohibited in these areas.



There are some exceptions, one of which we will talk about in a moment, but the first we will explain is that the lines marking the edges of the road and parking areas are not considered longitudinal markings.



Double solid lines have the same obligation as single lines, in that no vehicle is allowed to cross that line. Double lines are also used on reversible lanes or when traffic flows in both directions.



However, if there are double white lines in the centre of the road, and the line is broken ON YOUR SIDE, you are permitted to turn left from that major to minor road.



If you plan to exit a minor road to a major road at a junction, if the line is solid ahead, you may only turn right. Again though, if the line is broken ON YOUR SIDE, you are permitted to cross the traffic and turn left, once the path is clear and it is safe to do so.



Broken lines in these areas, at junctions only permit turning, they do not permit overtaking.



When it comes to overtaking in an area where a solid white line exists, we have already said that this is not permitted, but there is an exception in that you are permitted to cross the solid white line in order to safely overtake cyclists, but only when it is safe to do so, and no vehicles are approaching.



These solid white lines may also exist surrounding chevron markings, such as at or near junctions, but the same rules apply, you must not cross the solid white line.



Finally, as always, these rules apply to all vehicles, and so if there is a solid white line which prevents turning left, for example, it applies prohibiting all vehicles, including cycles, and scooters, amongst others.




You are allowed to cross a solid white line to overtake cyclists, if nothing is coming the other way



We are not allowed to overtake, but vehicles coming towards us can, if it is safe



Double solid white lines mean the same, do not cross



The edge of roads are not included



Just beyond the car in front we MAY turn left over the broken white line



No vehicle is permitted to cross a solid white line

### Have you ever noticed a small red triangle on the back of some vehicles?

If you have, you might have wondered what it means, if anything, and if you haven´t, it would be worth looking out for them, because they are actually a sign which is intended to give drivers following the vehicle information which could make their decisions safer… So long as you understand the meaning!



Technically, the sign is known as a V-5, indicates that the vehicle displaying it cannot exceed 40 kilometres per hour.



This sign is for exclusive use on vehicles that are required not to exceed this speed; this sign cannot be installed on any other type of vehicle.



What does traffic sign V-5 tell you?



According to Royal Decree 1428/2003, the V-5 sign, or slow-moving vehicle sign, is used to signal vehicles that, for construction reasons, cannot travel at speeds greater than 40 kilometres per hour.



The decree states that this sign is installed on the rear of the vehicle and is optional for vehicles that are required to display the V-4 speed limit sign. The V-4 is perhaps easier to understand, as that is a black-bordered white sign displaying a figure which indicates the vehicle´s maximum speed.



The V-4 could be displayed for a variety of reasons, whereas the V-5 establishes that a vehicle cannot exceed a speed of 40 kilometres per hour due to its design. 

Excerpt: Seen a small red triangle on the back of some vehicles in Spain? This is the V-5 sign, and it's important for other drivers to recognize. It indicates that the vehicle displaying it cannot travel faster than 40 kilometers per hour due to its construction. This sign is exclusively for these slow-moving vehicles. While some vehicles might also display a V-4 sign (a white sign with a black border showing the specific speed limit), the V-5 clearly signals a maximum speed of 40 km/h due to the vehicle's inherent limitations.

### Staying Safe on the School Bus

This week, it is possible that you might see police activity around school buses, as traffic officers carry out another campaign to ensure the vehicles and drivers comply with the law, and are keeping children safe on the school bus.



The officers check everything you might expect, from the documentation of the vehicle, the driver´s state and ability, and various safety conditions on the vehicles themselves.



This is a much needed and welcome service that the officers carry out in the interests of safety, but it can also, occasionally, be a concern for those unaware of what is happening.



An important note for parents and guardians is that you should always reassure children that the police, and Guardia Civil are there to help, and are not to be feared.



In order to help satisfy both those points, giving an awareness of what is happening, and reassuring children that the police are their friends, we have decided to give you early access to a project set to launch in September, which is aimed at the younger generation.



Trafford is the N332 Road Safety Raccoon, and with his friends, he will take the little ones on virtual journeys focussed on safety and safe practices on the road. Trafford and Friends will have interactive books for each of their campaigns, as well as songs to sing along to, quizzes and games to play, videos, and more, all aimed at both introducing, and then reenforcing a road safety message.



The N332 team will also be visiting schools at the end of this year to take Trafford and Frends directly to the children, but we will explain more about that after the summer, once the project is officially launched.



However, so long as you remember that this is an “early access” model, you are welcome to go and have a look and meet Trafford and Friends, and download and print some activities, play online, and learn the words to the song, Safe on the School Bus, so we can all help in the learning process, whilst reassuring the children that the police and Guardia Civil are also their friends.



Oh, and if you´re a grown-up, we are not leaving you out, we are also working on educational resources for both adults and teens, so be patient with us, and your turn will come.




Click here to visit the beta version of Trafford and Friends

### Driving Weather and Road Conditions for Spain - From Monday 26 May 2025

The weather across Spain for the upcoming week will be largely settled for the start, transitioning to more unstable conditions with scattered showers towards the end of the week, while the weekend looks like it will continue this unsettled theme.



Monday, 26 May 2025 - Sunny 



For drivers today, much of Spain can expect largely sunny and pleasant conditions. Visibility on the roads will be good. Temperatures will be warm to mild across the country, so staying hydrated on longer journeys is advisable. There's a low risk of any significant driving hazards, though sun glare could be an issue in the brightest periods.



Tuesday, 27 May 2025 - Warm 



Tuesday will see a continuation of fine and warm weather across most of Spain. Driving conditions are expected to be very good with clear skies for the most part. Temperatures will remain on the mild to warm side. As with Monday, the primary consideration for drivers will be strong sunshine, so sunglasses are recommended, especially for eastward or westward journeys.



Wednesday, 28 May 2025 - Settled 



Midweek, Wednesday maintains the generally settled conditions across Spain. Drivers can anticipate another day of predominantly dry weather with plenty of sunshine. Visibility will be good. While temperatures will remain comfortable, there's a very slight chance of isolated, light showers developing in mountainous inland areas during the afternoon, but these are unlikely to cause significant disruption to main roads.



Thursday, 29 May 2025 - Showery 



By Thursday, a change in the weather pattern is expected across Spain. Drivers should be prepared for an increased risk of showers, particularly in the northern, central, and possibly some eastern regions. These showers could lead to reduced visibility and slippery road surfaces. It's advisable to slow down and maintain a greater distance from the vehicle in front. The far south and Mediterranean coast might remain drier for longer.



Friday, 30 May 2025 - Unsettled 



Friday looks set to be an unsettled day for many drivers across Spain. Expect widespread showers, possibly heavy in places, particularly across the north and centre. This will significantly impact driving conditions with reduced visibility and a higher risk of aquaplaning. Drivers should exercise extreme caution, use dipped headlights, and be prepared for variable road surfaces. The south may still see some drier spells, but the overall trend is towards more changeable weather.



The Weekend 



Saturday, 31 May 2025 - Showery 



The weekend begins with a continued risk of showers across many parts of Spain. Drivers should anticipate reduced visibility and potentially slippery roads, particularly in the north and centre.



Sunday, 1 June 2025 - Unsettled 



Sunday is also expected to remain unsettled, with further chances of showers in various regions. Drivers should be prepared for changeable weather and adjust their driving accordingly.



Next Week 



Looking ahead to the following week, the overall picture suggests a continuation of somewhat unsettled conditions across Spain at the start of the week, with lingering showers. However, there are indications that high pressure may begin to build from mid-week onwards, leading to a gradual return to drier and more stable weather for many areas. Temperatures should remain mild to warm. Drivers should still keep an eye on localised forecasts for specific conditions.



Focus on School Buses



Officers from the Guardia Civil's Traffic Unit will ensure compliance with school transportation regulations, especially ensuring they travel at an appropriate speed and avoid distractions while driving, two of the most common causes of accidents involving school buses.



Wearing a seat belt on school buses is vital for safety, both on short and long journeys, and both on urban and interurban routes.



In the campaign held in November 2024, 48.7% of the school buses inspected were fined for violating some provision of the regulations.

### Robotic Surgery Against Ovarian Cancer: Greater Precision, Less Pain and Faster Recovery

Dr Rodolfo Martín Díaz, Head of the Gynaecology Department at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, outlines the most common symptoms, risk factors, and the keys to early diagnosis.



Each year, around 3,300 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer in Spain, making it the sixth most common gynaecological tumour. Although its incidence is lower than that of breast or cervical cancer, its mortality rate is significantly higher.



“The main challenge with ovarian cancer is that it is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, which makes treatment more complex and worsens the prognosis,” explains Dr Rodolfo Martín Díaz, Head of Gynaecology and expert in robotic gynaecological surgery at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital.



Unlike other gynaecological tumours, this cancer tends to present silently. Its early symptoms are vague and unspecific: abdominal bloating, pelvic pain, and digestive or urinary changes.



“Many women mistake it for digestive discomfort or hormonal issues. This ambiguity delays diagnosis,” warns Dr Díaz.



How is it Diagnosed?



Diagnosis typically begins with a transvaginal ultrasound and tumour marker analysis, such as CA-125. If there is reasonable suspicion, more advanced imaging techniques such as CT scans are employed. However, definitive confirmation can only be obtained through histological analysis following surgery.



Key Risk Factors



The specialist is clear:



“Age is a major factor—risk increases after the age of 50. Other factors include a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, genetic mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, nulliparity, endometriosis, and prolonged hormonal therapies. Genetics plays a crucial role, especially in hereditary cases,” adds the Quirónsalud specialist.



Robotic Surgery: Technology Enhancing Precision



In recent years, robotic surgery has become essential in the surgical management of early-stage ovarian cancer. Dr Díaz leads one of the pioneering teams in Spain using the Da Vinci robotic system, a device that has transformed the way complex surgical procedures are performed.



“Robotic surgery is an evolution of laparoscopy. It provides a 3D view, a broader range of motion, and millimetre-level precision in real time,” he explains.



Unlike traditional surgery, the robotic approach allows the surgeon to operate with improved ergonomics, reducing fatigue and enhancing accuracy in delicate procedures.



This technique is particularly effective in patients with stage I or II localised tumours, or those who may benefit from primary or interval cytoreductive surgery.



“Preoperative imaging assessment is crucial to select the right candidates,” notes Dr Díaz.



Patient Benefits



The benefits of this technology are numerous: reduced blood loss, fewer postoperative complications, smaller incisions, and a quicker recovery.



“In many cases, patients are discharged within two to three days and can return to their usual activities in less than a week,” the doctor confirms.



For younger women, minimally invasive surgery offers an added advantage:



“It is less aggressive on the reproductive organs, which may be crucial for patients wishing to preserve fertility,” he adds.



The impact on quality of life is also significant. Reduced postoperative pain, improved mobility, and less aesthetic damage help patients cope better with both the recovery process and the emotional aftermath.



“Less pain, better body image, and a lower risk of long-term complications such as adhesions—everything contributes to the patient's wellbeing,” says Díaz.



Surgical Planning: A Team Effort



However, this technique requires multidisciplinary planning.



“Each robotic procedure demands meticulous preparation. It’s a collaborative effort involving radiologists, anaesthetists, specialist nurses, and instrument technicians with specific training,” the gynaecologist stresses.



Before each operation, a preoperative assessment is carried out, including CT scans, tumour marker analysis, and an overall evaluation of the patient's functional status. Specific protocols are followed depending on the type of surgery and tumour location.



Looking ahead, the goal is clear: increasingly personalised, less invasive surgeries with better oncological and functional outcomes.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (May 25, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering May 18, 2025 to May 24, 2025):

Driving in Spain This Week – The Weather – From Monday 19 May 2025
The week ahead in Spain will see a transition to more unsettled driving conditions. While Monday and Tuesday look mainly sunny and warm, by Wednesday, the risk of showers increases, becoming more widespread by Thursday and Friday. The weekend is also expected to be showery and unsettled. Looking further ahead, there are indications of a return to drier and sunnier weather next week. Always stay updated with local forecasts before travelling.

Read more...

Weekly Round-up: N332 (May 18, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering May 11, 2025…

Read more...

Traffic Forecast on the Roads of Spain – Starting Monday 19 May 2025
This week, traffic across Spain is expected to follow normal weekday patterns, but increasingly unsettled weather, with showers becoming more widespread from Wednesday, could lead to localised delays and slower journeys.
The weekend may see increased traffic to leisure areas on Saturday, but the continued chance of showers means drivers should be prepared for potential disruptions on both Saturday and Sunday.

Read more...

What is the V-6 signal?
Ever wondered about those yellow rectangular signs on the back of some trucks in Spain? These are V-6 signals, and they serve an important safety purpose by indicating that the vehicle (or combination of vehicles, like a car with a caravan) is longer than 12 metres. Mandatory for such long vehicles, these reflective signs help other drivers assess the vehicle's size for safer overtaking maneuvers. Located at the rear, either centered or symmetrically placed, these V-6 signs might also be accompanied by the words "Vehiculo longo" (Long Vehicle) as an additional warning.

Read more...

Common Offences Committed by Drivers in Spain
There are a number of common infractions dealt with on a daily basis, and…

Read more...

### Crossings and their Warning Signs

There are four general categories of road signs in Spain, regulatory, precautionary, informative, and temporary.



Within the precautionary category, there are a series of signs which often cause confusion, which have the official cataloguing from P-5 to P-11, and refer to certain types of crossings.



Although most of the signs have a pictogram which gives some indication of the meanings, we will explain what each of them.




https://youtu.be/8JnOVuBOkSE




P-5 : Danger due to the proximity of a bridge that may be raised or rotated, temporarily interrupting traffic. It is represented by a triangle with a white background and red border, with a pictogram of a bridge being raised.



P-6 : Danger due to the proximity of a tram line crossing, which has priority. It is represented by a triangle with a white background and a red border, with a barrier pictogram.



P-7 : Danger due to proximity to a level crossing equipped with barriers or half-barriers. It is represented by a triangle with a white background and red border, with a train pictogram.



P-8 : Danger due to proximity to a level crossing not equipped with barriers or half-barriers. It is represented by a triangle with a white background and red border, with a train pictogram. It should be noted that this sign is being replaced with a more modern image of a train, so it is possible to see a different image in places.



As for P-9 and P-10, these signs accompany P-5, P-7, and P-8, by counting down the approach to the hazard, on the right and left of the road respectively.



P-9 will be on the right, with the diagonal bar leading upwards from the left to right. P-10 is the opposite, on the left, and diagonally down from the left to right.



P-11. Location of a level crossing without barriers.



P-11a. Situation of a barrier-free level crossing with more than one railway track.

Excerpt: Navigating Spanish roads? Understanding Spanish Road Signs is crucial for safe driving. This article clarifies the P-series precautionary signs (P-5 to P-11), often mistaken, which warn of different types of crossings. Learn to recognise the danger signs for movable bridges (P-5), tram lines with priority (P-6), level crossings with (P-7) and without barriers (P-8 - note the updated train image!), and the countdown approach markers (P-9 and P-10 on the right and left, respectively). We also explain the specific sign indicating a level crossing without barriers (P-11) and one with multiple tracks (P-11a). Mastering these Spanish Road Signs will enhance your driving confidence in Spain.

### Common Offences Committed by Drivers in Spain

There are a number of common infractions dealt with on a daily basis, and to be clear, each one of these, which results in a fine, can be avoided by simply doing the right thing.



According to the DGT (Directorate-General for Traffic) in Spain, the most common violations, and those that generate the most reports over the course of a year on our roads, are these, in direct order:




Speeding​



Alcohol and drug use



Not wearing a seatbelt



Mobile phone use




So, and be honest, ask yourself, “when was the last time I did any of those?” In fact, if you want to add a bit of a social media fun element to the question, “give yourself 1 point for each of those you did last time you drove?”



If you scored zero, you are either a saint, or a liar! Many people would score 2, but that also means that we are all committing road traffic offences on a regular basis. Which, in turn, means that we are all putting each other at risk, and so, the fines are justified, and will hopefully be a lesson not to do it again.



However, the Traffic Department also warns us that other violations are becoming more common and are growing in importance, such as driving with an expired licence, not having an up-to-date ITV (in fact, the latest data shows an absence from inspections exceeding 30 percent) or driving without mandatory vehicle insurance.



There are also two more offences which are starting to creep up the charts, and although they are not as common as the top offences, they are particularly significant because they seriously compromise road safety.



Specifically, according to the DGT, an increasing offence is "failing to respect pedestrian priority at a crossing”, a serious offence leading to a 200 euro fine and the loss of up to 6 points.



And the problem IS serious, because pedestrians are the most vulnerable users on the road, and if a person is in collision with a vehicle, the outcome is often fatal for the pedestrian.



Of course, pedestrians cannot just step onto the road, they must make sure that it is safe to do so, but if you see someone waiting or starting to cross the road at a crossing, make sure you respect the priorities established in law.



The second offence whish is increasing, although for both of these it is possible that the increase is in people getting caught, rather than the practice, is "ignoring the safety distance”, in other words, driving too close to the vehicle in front, an offence that results in a 200 euro fine and loss of 4 points.



The practice is especially dangerous and leads to too many crashes, and as was revealed in a UK survey some time ago, a not surprising 99% of rearend collisions are caused by the rear driver.



Finally, a reminder, these rules, and their associated fines, apply to all vehicles, not just cars, but motorbikes, cyclists, scooters, etc.




Watch out for crossings



Signs give warnings



Don´t drive too close



The rules apply to ALL vehicles

### What is the V-6 signal?

Having looked recently at the red lines at the back of trucks, we thought you might also like to know about the yellow rectangles, because they too can give all drivers an indication of certain characteristics of the vehicle displaying them. 



These signs, known as the V-6, are an additional safety vehicle on the trucks which display them, but are also indicative of the size of the vehicle carrying it, which is useful for preventing accidents and allowing you plan an overtaking manoeuvre with more information, and therefore, hopefully, safer.



Royal Decree 1428/2003, of November 21, defines the characteristics of this sign. Specifically, the text reads: "V-6. Long vehicle. Indicates that the vehicle or combination of vehicles is longer than 12 metres."



Therefore, the V-6 sign is mandatory for all vehicles (or combination) exceeding 12 metres in length, which generally applies to trucks, but also, for example, to a caravan attached to a car.



The V-6 sign, like most V signs, is visual. It belongs to the subgroup of mandatory reflective signs: that is, the plates must be approved and comply with the provisions of the General Vehicle Regulations.



Where is it installed?



The V-6 sign is mandatory on the rear of the vehicle. It must also be cantered on the axle, with a distance of between 500 and 1,500 millimetres from the ground. If this is not possible, it can be replaced with two plates, positioned symmetrically with respect to the axle and as close to the edges of the vehicle as possible.



The sign doesn't have to be displayed horizontally. It can also be displayed vertically. Therefore, from the observer´s point of view, there is no difference whether they are horizontal or vertical. Additionally, the warning "Vehiculo longo" (Long Vehicle) may appear next to the V-6 sign, which has the same meaning and has probably been seen on the back of many trucks. Displaying these words on the vehicle isn't mandatory, but they serve as a complement and help indicate that it's a large vehicle.



Who should install it?



As we've mentioned, the V-6 sign is mandatory for all vehicles, or combinations of vehicles, exceeding 12 metres in length. The sign specifically indicates that the vehicle is "long," and is therefore installed at the rear to warn other drivers to take precautions when overtaking or approaching it, since, given its size, its speed limit will be significantly lower than usual.

Excerpt: Ever wondered about those yellow rectangular signs on the back of some trucks in Spain? These are V-6 signals, and they serve an important safety purpose by indicating that the vehicle (or combination of vehicles, like a car with a caravan) is longer than 12 metres. Mandatory for such long vehicles, these reflective signs help other drivers assess the vehicle's size for safer overtaking maneuvers. Located at the rear, either centered or symmetrically placed, these V-6 signs might also be accompanied by the words "Vehiculo longo" (Long Vehicle) as an additional warning.

### Traffic Forecast on the Roads of Spain - Starting Monday 19 May 2025

This week, traffic across Spain is expected to follow normal weekday patterns, but increasingly unsettled weather, with showers becoming more widespread from Wednesday, could lead to localised delays and slower journeys.



The weekend may see increased traffic to leisure areas on Saturday, but the continued chance of showers means drivers should be prepared for potential disruptions on both Saturday and Sunday.



Be prepared for next week as there will be a special campaign by the traffic police looking at school buses, but we will give you the details of that nearer the time.

Excerpt: This week, traffic across Spain is expected to follow normal weekday patterns, but increasingly unsettled weather, with showers becoming more widespread from Wednesday, could lead to localised delays and slower journeys.

The weekend may see increased traffic to leisure areas on Saturday, but the continued chance of showers means drivers should be prepared for potential disruptions on both Saturday and Sunday.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (May 18, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering May 11, 2025 to May 17, 2025):

Weekly Round-up: N332 (May 11, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering May 4, 2025…

Read more...

The Week’s Driving Weather for Spain – 12 May 2025
This week in Spain will see a generally improving trend for driving conditions after an unsettled start on Monday with potential showers. By Tuesday, drier and brighter weather should prevail in most areas, leading to stable and pleasant conditions for the remainder of the working week with a mix of sunshine and clouds and mild temperatures. However, as the weekend approaches, there's a possibility of more variable weather returning, so drivers should stay updated on local forecasts towards the end of the week for any potential changes impacting travel.

Read more...

Road Traffic Update for Spain – From Monday 12 May 2025
Spring is the transitional period of the year, when significant fluctuations in atmospheric precipitation occur. These fluctuations are varied, intense, and sudden. Therefore, its weather can present winter characteristics or, conversely, herald summer.
All these sudden changes in weather conditions negatively impact driving and road trips. Therefore, if you're taking a road trip, we should always keep in mind the two basic rules of driving: PREVENTION and PRUDENCE. These will allow us to travel at this time of year in the best possible road safety conditions.

Read more...

Have you Noticed the Red Lines at the Back of Trucks?
Have you noticed the red lines on the back and sides of trucks in Spain? These aren't just for looks! Since late 2024, these reflective red stripes (officially the V-23 road sign) are mandatory for most large trucks, trailers, and semi-trailers registered after July 10, 2011. Their purpose is crucial for road safety, clearly outlining the vehicle's size and making it highly visible at night and in poor weather conditions. While voluntary for older vehicles (registered before 2011), their use is strongly recommended to enhance visibility and safety on Spanish roads.

Read more...

Braking for Speed Cameras Could Land you with a Bigger Fine
Despite some people objecting to their very existence, speed cameras, or radars, have not…

Read more...

Midweek Weather Forecast for Driving in Spain – 14 May 2025
The rest of this week in Spain will see variable driving conditions, starting with a pleasant Thursday with sunny skies before transitioning to a more changeable Friday with increasing cloud and a risk of scattered showers or thunderstorms, particularly inland. The weekend will continue with this mixed pattern, offering a blend of sunshine and clouds alongside the potential for showers and thunderstorms affecting road surfaces and visibility. Looking ahead to next week, a trend towards more settled and favourable driving conditions is expected, with drier and sunnier weather becoming more prevalent and temperatures gradually rising.

Read more...

Have you Received a Fine but Were NOT the Driver?
If you receive a traffic fine but you were not the person driving the…

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Weekend Traffic Forecast – From 16 May 2025
Friday will see increasing traffic in Spain as the weekend begins, particularly around urban exits. Saturday will experience higher volumes heading to leisure destinations, with potential congestion near beaches and a risk of scattered showers affecting driving. Sunday will have continued high traffic in tourist areas, followed by increased flows returning to cities in the late afternoon. Next week should see a return to normal weekday traffic, with a generally improving weather picture but possible early-week showers in some areas.

Read more...

Weekend Driving Weather Forecast for Spain from 17 May 2025
This weekend in Spain will bring variable driving conditions, with a mix of sunshine, clouds, and potential scattered showers or thunderstorms. Drivers should be prepared for changing road conditions, especially on Sunday. Next week is expected to be more settled, with drier and sunnier weather gradually becoming more prevalent.

Read more...

Driving in Spain This Week – The Weather – From Monday 19 May 2025
The week ahead in Spain will see a transition to more unsettled driving conditions. While Monday and Tuesday look mainly sunny and warm, by Wednesday, the risk of showers increases, becoming more widespread by Thursday and Friday. The weekend is also expected to be showery and unsettled. Looking further ahead, there are indications of a return to drier and sunnier weather next week. Always stay updated with local forecasts before travelling.

Read more...

### Driving in Spain This Week - The Weather - From Monday 19 May 2025

The week ahead in Spain will see a transition to more unsettled driving conditions. While Monday and Tuesday look mainly sunny and warm, by Wednesday, the risk of showers increases, becoming more widespread by Thursday and Friday. The weekend is also expected to be showery and unsettled. Looking further ahead, there are indications of a return to drier and sunnier weather next week. Always stay updated with local forecasts before travelling.




https://youtu.be/rnElWmESLRI




Monday, May 19th:



Expect a sunny start to the week, with warm temperatures, especially inland. Stay hydrated and be mindful of sun glare during peak daylight hours.



Tuesday, May 20th:



Another warm and sunny day is forecast,​with good driving conditions. There’s a slight chance of isolated showers in mountain areas, but these shouldn’t disrupt travel.



Wednesday, May 21st



The weather begins to change, with afternoon showers developing in northern and western regions. Be prepared for reduced visibility and slippery roads.



Thursday, May 22nd:



Showers become more widespread, potentially affecting visibility and road grip. Drive with dipped headlights and maintain a safe following distance.



Friday, May 23rd:



Unsettled conditions continue, with a mix of​showers and sunny intervals. Stay alert as road conditions may change quickly.



Looking Ahead



The weekend: Saturday, May 24th, sees continued showers, while Sunday, May 25th, remains unsettled with further rainfall expected.



Looking ahead, next week gradually stabilises, with drier and sunnier weather returning.

Excerpt: The week ahead in Spain will see a transition to more unsettled driving conditions. While Monday and Tuesday look mainly sunny and warm, by Wednesday, the risk of showers increases, becoming more widespread by Thursday and Friday. The weekend is also expected to be showery and unsettled. Looking further ahead, there are indications of a return to drier and sunnier weather next week. Always stay updated with local forecasts before travelling.

### Weekend Driving Weather Forecast for Spain from 17 May 2025

This weekend in Spain will bring variable driving conditions, with a mix of sunshine, clouds, and potential scattered showers or thunderstorms.



Drivers should be prepared for changing road conditions, especially on Sunday. 



Next week is expected to be more settled, with drier and sunnier weather gradually becoming more prevalent.

Excerpt: This weekend in Spain will bring variable driving conditions, with a mix of sunshine, clouds, and potential scattered showers or thunderstorms. Drivers should be prepared for changing road conditions, especially on Sunday. Next week is expected to be more settled, with drier and sunnier weather gradually becoming more prevalent.

### Weekend Traffic Forecast - From 16 May 2025

Friday will see increasing traffic in Spain as the weekend begins, particularly around urban exits.



Saturday will experience higher volumes heading to leisure destinations, with potential congestion near beaches and a risk of scattered showers affecting driving. 



Sunday will have continued high traffic in tourist areas, followed by increased flows returning to cities in the late afternoon. 



Next week should see a return to normal weekday traffic, with a generally improving weather picture but possible early-week showers in some areas.

Excerpt: Friday will see increasing traffic in Spain as the weekend begins, particularly around urban exits. Saturday will experience higher volumes heading to leisure destinations, with potential congestion near beaches and a risk of scattered showers affecting driving. Sunday will have continued high traffic in tourist areas, followed by increased flows returning to cities in the late afternoon. Next week should see a return to normal weekday traffic, with a generally improving weather picture but possible early-week showers in some areas.

### Have you Received a Fine but Were NOT the Driver?

If you receive a traffic fine but you were not the person driving the vehicle at the time, you are legally obliged to identify the person who committed the offence, and failure to do so can increase the fine and cause you more `problems in the future.



This obligation affects both individuals and businesses. It's especially relevant when the vehicle has been used by someone else, whether a family member, employee, or customer, as in the case of fleet or rental vehicles.



Legal obligation to identify the driver



The Road Safety Law is clear: if you are not the one who committed the violation, but the vehicle is registered in your name, you must provide the actual driver's information. This way, the DGT can correctly assign the fine to the responsible party.



You'll need to provide the driver's full name, ID or driver's licence number, and a valid address. For foreign drivers, a copy of their driver's licence or international driving permit must also be included, depending on their country of origin.



What happens if you don't identify the driver?



Failure to provide driver information within the specified timeframe can be costly. If the original violation was minor, the fine for failure to identify the driver is doubled. If it was serious or very serious, the fine can triple. And all this without the option of a prompt payment bonus.



Furthermore, refusing to cooperate with the process can have more serious administrative consequences, such as appearing in public records of defaulters or having other procedures with the DGT or the administration blocked.



When should the driver be identified?



These are the most common situations in which the DGT requires driver identification:




Fines for parking without the driver being present.



Infractions detected by radar or cameras (speeding, using a mobile phone, not wearing a seat belt, etc.).



Reports not handed in by hand, for example, when the officer does not stop the car at the time of the violation.




In all these cases, the notification reaches the vehicle owner, who must identify the driver to the DGT within the specified period (normally 20 calendar days).



Companies and fleets: penalty management



For vehicle rental or fleet management companies, DGT driver identification is a common task. Many companies hire external services specialising in fines and notifications, which are responsible for issuing fines, identifying the driver, and, if necessary, processing appeals.



This type of service not only prevents higher fines, but also saves time and paperwork. Furthermore, these companies can integrate tools such as the Electronic Road Administration (EDA), manage fuel cards, or automate fine invoicing.



Avoid major penalties: comply with identification



The key to avoiding problems is to act quickly. Once you receive the notification, check who was actually driving the car and respond promptly with all the information required by the DGT. You can do this easily from their website, without having to travel.



Remember: if it wasn't you, you shouldn't have to pay the fine. But if you don't cooperate in the process, you'll end up paying triple the price. Identifying the driver is a legal obligation, but also a way to protect your rights as the vehicle owner.

### Midweek Weather Forecast for Driving in Spain – 14 May 2025

The rest of this week in Spain will see variable driving conditions, starting with a pleasant Thursday with sunny skies before transitioning to a more changeable Friday with increasing cloud and a risk of scattered showers or thunderstorms, particularly inland.



The weekend will continue with this mixed pattern, offering a blend of sunshine and clouds alongside the potential for showers and thunderstorms affecting road surfaces and visibility. 



Looking ahead to next week, a trend towards more settled and favourable driving conditions is expected, with drier and sunnier weather becoming more prevalent and temperatures gradually rising.

Excerpt: The rest of this week in Spain will see variable driving conditions, starting with a pleasant Thursday with sunny skies before transitioning to a more changeable Friday with increasing cloud and a risk of scattered showers or thunderstorms, particularly inland. The weekend will continue with this mixed pattern, offering a blend of sunshine and clouds alongside the potential for showers and thunderstorms affecting road surfaces and visibility. Looking ahead to next week, a trend towards more settled and favourable driving conditions is expected, with drier and sunnier weather becoming more prevalent and temperatures gradually rising.

### Braking for Speed Cameras Could Land you with a Bigger Fine

Despite some people objecting to their very existence, speed cameras, or radars, have not only evolved to monitor for more than ever before, such as seat belts, and mobile phone use, they are on duty around the clock with a single intention, which is not primarily to issue fines, but rather to make the roads safer by slowing traffic down in previously problematic or dangerous areas.



However, the traditional speed cameras have one fundamental flaw in the intention, in that some drivers only brake when they see the camera, often harshly, risking collisions with vehicles behind and a so-called domino effect, and accelerate again once passed.



The practice is already an offence and can land the driver with a fine for braking at the last minute, because of the risks it presents, but there are now plans afoot to deal with those drivers more harshly, and automatically.



The problem with single speed cameras has already seen more “section” cameras covering the road network. These cameras take a picture as a vehicle enters the section, then another as they exit, and calculates the average speed over the set distance, which is considerably more effective than a single snapper.



Now, the latest solution is to install cameras watching the cameras, or, to be more precise, a radar a short distance away from the actual speed camera which is specifically looking out for those who brake on approach, thus working in a similar way to the section radars, but over a much shorter distance, and therefore able to calculate the braking severity.



The bad news for those who choose to run the gauntlet is that they will now face two separate fines, one for speeding, and the other for dangerous sudden braking.



There is, however, a loophole which will allow you to avoid getting fined by these cameras, an option available to anyone and in any section. The way to avoid getting caught, is to not commit the offence. Take heed of the signs, pay attention to your driving, and stay within the speed limit, driving even slower if the conditions dictate.

### Have you Noticed the Red Lines at the Back of Trucks?

When driving around Spain, have you ever noticed that most trucks have red lines at the back, usually following the frame of the doors, or circular on tankers? Well, these lines are not just to make it look pretty, they serve a very clear safety role, and they are mandatory.



The lines, or stripes, have been mandatory in Spain since the end of 2024, and draw an outline around the truck, so as to make it more visible, as they are also reflective so highlight the presence, size, and gauge of the vehicle during poor visibility episodes, such as at night, and they also serve as an indicator as to the characteristics of the truck for those approaching.



These lines are technically a road sign, with the official catalogue number of V-23, and is not only present on the rear, but also required on the sides.



The V-23 sign is a key reflective device for improving road safety, especially in low-visibility conditions. According to the General Vehicle Regulations, the V-23 sign is a reflective adhesive tape placed on the rear and side contours of transport vehicles. Its main function is to ensure that these vehicles are visible from any angle at night or in adverse weather conditions.



According to Royal Decree 1030/2022, for all vehicles with a maximum weight exceeding 7.5 tonnes and measuring more than six metres long and 2.1 metres wide, as well as trailers and semi-trailers with a maximum weight exceeding 3.5 tonnes, registered after July 10, 2011 and before 20 December 2022.



For vehicles registered before 2011, the installation of the V-23 marking is voluntary, but recommended to improve visibility and safety.

Excerpt: Have you noticed the red lines on the back and sides of trucks in Spain? These aren't just for looks! Since late 2024, these reflective red stripes (officially the V-23 road sign) are mandatory for most large trucks, trailers, and semi-trailers registered after July 10, 2011. Their purpose is crucial for road safety, clearly outlining the vehicle's size and making it highly visible at night and in poor weather conditions. While voluntary for older vehicles (registered before 2011), their use is strongly recommended to enhance visibility and safety on Spanish roads.

### Road Traffic Update for Spain – From Monday 12 May 2025

This week, there will be a focus on provincial roads, with traffic police monitoring all aspects of driver behaviour, including speed.



Regarding the overall situation, other than at weekends, the roads will predominantly be expected to be normal.



Driving in Spring



Spring is the transitional period of the year, when significant fluctuations in atmospheric precipitation occur. These fluctuations are varied, intense, and sudden. Therefore, its weather can present winter characteristics or, conversely, herald summer.



All these sudden changes in weather conditions negatively impact driving and road trips. Therefore, if you're taking a road trip, we should always keep in mind the two basic rules of driving: PREVENTION and PRUDENCE. These will allow us to travel at this time of year in the best possible road safety conditions.

Excerpt: Spring is the transitional period of the year, when significant fluctuations in atmospheric precipitation occur. These fluctuations are varied, intense, and sudden. Therefore, its weather can present winter characteristics or, conversely, herald summer.
All these sudden changes in weather conditions negatively impact driving and road trips. Therefore, if you're taking a road trip, we should always keep in mind the two basic rules of driving: PREVENTION and PRUDENCE. These will allow us to travel at this time of year in the best possible road safety conditions.

### The Week’s Driving Weather for Spain – 12 May 2025

This week in Spain will see a generally improving trend for driving conditions after an unsettled start on Monday with potential showers.



By Tuesday, drier and brighter weather should prevail in most areas, leading to stable and pleasant conditions for the remainder of the working week with a mix of sunshine and clouds and mild temperatures. 



However, as the weekend approaches, there's a possibility of more variable weather returning, so drivers should stay updated on local forecasts towards the end of the week for any potential changes impacting travel.

Excerpt: This week in Spain will see a generally improving trend for driving conditions after an unsettled start on Monday with potential showers. By Tuesday, drier and brighter weather should prevail in most areas, leading to stable and pleasant conditions for the remainder of the working week with a mix of sunshine and clouds and mild temperatures. However, as the weekend approaches, there's a possibility of more variable weather returning, so drivers should stay updated on local forecasts towards the end of the week for any potential changes impacting travel.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (May 11, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering May 4, 2025 to May 10, 2025):

Spain Driving Weather Update from 5 May 2025
Driving in Spain this week (May 5th - 11th, 2025) will see improving conditions mid-week before potential weekend rain. Monday starts unsettled with possible showers and cooler temperatures (highs around 17°C). Tuesday and Wednesday offer better driving with partly sunny to mixed skies and slightly warmer temperatures (highs around 18-20°C). Thursday and Friday maintain favourable conditions with sunshine and clouds (highs around 19°C). The weekend (May 10th-11th) brings warmer temperatures (up to 25°C on Saturday) but also a higher chance of rain, especially on Sunday (up to 9.5mm). Drivers should be prepared for potential wet roads and reduced visibility, particularly towards the end of the week. Stay updated on local weather forecasts for safe travel in Spain.

Read more...

Weekly Round-up: N332 (May 4, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering April 27, 2025…

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Is it mandatory to carry a spare wheel in a car in Spain?
Essential tips for driving in Spain include understanding the legal requirements for handling flat tyres. Did you know it's mandatory to have a system allowing you to continue driving after a puncture? While a traditional spare wheel isn't the only option, driving without a DGT-approved system can result in a fine up to €200, even if you have roadside assistance! Remember, these tips for driving in Spain emphasise preparedness: regularly check your spare or emergency kit, at least monthly and before long journeys, as driving on a temporary fix longer than necessary is also prohibited. Ensure your vehicle complies with these crucial tips for driving in Spain for a safer journey.

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How to be a Happy (and safer) Pedestrian
Surprisingly, pedestrian safety involves responsibilities for those on foot too. Learn about key rules like using pavements, crossing safely (especially at designated crossings), keeping children and pets secure, and the dangers of distracted walking (phones and headphones). Stay safer and avoid potential fines by understanding these pedestrian rules.

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No! You Can´t Ignore the Signs in Car Parks!
In general terms, traffic law still applies in car parks, and other locations such…

Read more...

The Weekend Driving Weather for Spain – 9 May 2025
This weekend in Spain will see a transition in driving conditions. Friday offers generally favourable travel with a mix of sun and clouds and pleasant temperatures. Saturday will turn warmer, with mostly dry conditions expected, though increased traffic in tourist areas might be a factor. Sunday, however, brings a higher likelihood of rain across the country, requiring drivers to be prepared for wet roads, reduced visibility, and the need for extra caution and travel time.

Read more...

### The Weekend Driving Weather for Spain – 9 May 2025

This weekend, the weather conditions related to driving go from favourable to wet, with a warm day in the middle, before the May mixture continues next week, starting unsettled, stable midweek, and then mixed again by next weekend.



This Weekend



Friday: Favourable



Friday, May 9th: Expect a blend of sun and clouds across Spain. Temperatures will be pleasant, with highs generally around 19°C (67°F) and lows around 9°C (48°F). Driving conditions should remain largely favourable with dry roads and good visibility for most of the day. However, it's always wise to be vigilant for any localized or sudden weather changes.



Saturday: Warm



Saturday, May 10th: Warmer temperatures are anticipated throughout Spain, with highs potentially reaching up to 25°C (77°F) in some areas. While the day is expected to be mostly dry with sunny spells, there might be a slight increase in cloud cover towards the afternoon or evening in certain regions. Driving conditions should generally remain good but be mindful of increased traffic in tourist areas due to the weekend and warmer weather.



Sunday: Wet



Sunday, May 11th: The likelihood of increased precipitation becomes more significant across Spain. Forecasts suggest potential rainfall, which could be more widespread and heavier in some areas. Drivers should anticipate potential wet road conditions, reduced visibility, and allow for extra travel time. Ensure your vehicle's wipers and tires are in good condition. Exercise caution and reduce speed if you encounter rain.



Next Week



Looking ahead to next week in Spain, the weather appears to be somewhat variable. Early in the week, there might be a continuation of some unsettled conditions with chances of showers in certain areas. Temperatures are expected to gradually stabilize to more typical May averages. As the week progresses, there's a possibility of drier and sunnier spells returning, but occasional cloud cover and isolated showers cannot be ruled out. Drivers should keep an eye on local forecasts for more specific details as the week unfolds.



There will also be a special focus campaign on provincial conventional roads next week.




https://youtu.be/zto2n_KcTUQ

Excerpt: This weekend in Spain will see a transition in driving conditions. Friday offers generally favourable travel with a mix of sun and clouds and pleasant temperatures. Saturday will turn warmer, with mostly dry conditions expected, though increased traffic in tourist areas might be a factor. Sunday, however, brings a higher likelihood of rain across the country, requiring drivers to be prepared for wet roads, reduced visibility, and the need for extra caution and travel time.

### No! You Can´t Ignore the Signs in Car Parks!

In general terms, traffic law still applies in car parks, and other locations such as golf courses, industrial and commercial parks, in fact, most places where roads exist.



As Article 1 of Spanish Traffic Law explains, any public or communal road will be subject to traffic law regardless of whether the land is public or private.



In general, the traffic laws, movement of motor vehicles and road safety matters contained both in Spanish Traffic Law and other relevant provisions elsewhere, will be applicable throughout the national territory. They will apply to owners and users of roads and public land suitable for traffic circulation, both urban and interurban, as well as those roads and land that are in common use and in the absence of other rules, to those of private roads and land that are used by an indeterminate community of users.



Commonly used roads and land refers to places open to the free movement of vehicles. The roads on which these vehicles circulate will be subject to the Road Safety Law. Vehicles must have passed the ITV (technical inspection), have current insurance and drivers will be required to be in possession of a driving licence corresponding to the category of vehicle being driven. Many drivers and occupants make the mistake of thinking that when driving on rural roads which are neither asphalted nor signposted as such, road safety regulations do not apply and are often punished for not using a seat belt or talking on a mobile phone.



There is an exception, which describes an "indeterminate community of users", meaning that not only the owner has access, but that other users can also have access.



A clear example would be a supermarket where the owner of the car park opens it for customers. During business hours has its barriers open. A customer enters the parking area and as it is an undetermined community of people who similarly use the parking area, the rules that govern are the general ones. Therefore, the way to proceed is the same as in a public area.



However, the supermarket closes the car park barriers at 22:00, from that moment, there is a strictly private use of it, so from that moment the owner of parking area, anyone authorised, such as security guards, will not be governed by traffic law.

### How to be a Happy (and safer) Pedestrian

It might come as a surprise to some, but when on or near the road, pedestrians also have responsibilities, and risk being fined in some instances, such as activities that make them even more vulnerable as they already are, and although drivers need to be aware and cautious, so do those on foot.




https://youtu.be/0KYJOR5p1Go




When there is a pavement next to the road, pedestrians are obliged to use it, and not walk on the road. In fact, the only times pedestrians should be on the road are if there isn´t a pavement, in which case you should walk towards oncoming traffic, and if you are crossing the road, for which there are additional rules.



If there is a crossing in the vicinity, or a bridge, you must use that crossing, if not, you are permitted to cross most roads, when safe to do so, but must do so straight across the road, not diagonally or zig zagging.



In towns, when there is a pavement, you should try to keep to the centre of the pavement, staying away from the curb so as to reduce the risk of being hit by a vehicle.



Children should always go hand in hand with adults. But they also have to play in safe spaces and away from the road.



When it comes to pets, the rules are clear, pedestrians cannot be accompanied by loose animals, they could create dangerous situations for other users of public roads.



Although there are many more rules we can go through, these are the basics, but in this modern world we must add what the DGT says about our accompanying devices. "Both in the city and on the road, it is essential that pedestrians avoid using their mobile phones and listening to music or the radio with headphones." This is the advice from the General Directorate of Traffic which shows that pedestrians also have obligations. "By distracting you, it isolates you from traffic and makes you even more vulnerable to being run over," they emphasise.

Excerpt: Surprisingly, pedestrian safety involves responsibilities for those on foot too. Learn about key rules like using pavements, crossing safely (especially at designated crossings), keeping children and pets secure, and the dangers of distracted walking (phones and headphones). Stay safer and avoid potential fines by understanding these pedestrian rules.

### Is it mandatory to carry a spare wheel in a car in Spain?

The tyres of a vehicle are the most abused part, and also the most important in many ways, as they ensure the vehicle maintains safe contact with the road in all weather conditions. But, because of, in some places, the state of those roads, and other risks that can damage the rubber component, it is crucial to ensure that there is a way of continuing your journey in the event of a puncture, until it can be repaired properly, and that is where the spare wheel comes into play.




https://youtu.be/26_ZtaEcJU0




However, these days, many cars don´t have a spare wheel. When purchased, many of them come with their own emergency kit, of which there are a variety available, which serves the same function of allowing you to continue until a repair can be made, at the earliest possible time.



Spanish regulations do stipulate that all vehicles must have a system that allows them to continue driving in the event of tyre failure.



Therefore, if your car comes with an alternative emergency kit, it is not punishable in itself, provided another effective method is available to remedy a puncture or blowout. The objective is, as we have mentioned, ensuring the safe movement of the vehicle until it reaches a point where it can be properly repaired or replaced.



Available options



Currently, vehicle manufacturers offer various approved solutions that meet legal requirements. These are the main ones:



Standard spare wheel



It's identical to the original, so it doesn't restrict driving. You can drive normally until the damaged tyre is replaced.



Emergency or "cookie" wheel



It's smaller and lighter, designed for short journeys (generally no more than 80 km) and low speeds. It often comes standard on many modern passenger cars.



Puncture repair kit



It includes a sealing spray and a compressor that allows you to temporarily seal the hole and reinflate the tyre. It's not reusable, but it can get you out of a tight spot.



Run-flat tyres



Run-flat tyres are designed to withstand pressure loss and allow driving for approximately 80-100 km after a puncture, albeit at limited speeds. Not all vehicles are designed to accommodate this type of tyre.



What happens if you don't have a system?



Failure to have a suitable and approved system can result in a fine of up to 200 euro, even if the vehicle is in perfect condition. The DGT understands that, in the event of an unforeseen event, the vehicle must be able to continue driving safely, without necessarily relying on external assistance.



What if you have roadside assistance?



Even if your policy includes this service, it doesn't exempt you from having a valid puncture rescue system. Insurance companies come to the rescue, but traffic officers don't consider this coverage a substitute for the required systems.



Remember, the point of the “spare”, whatever the makeup, is to get you out of a dangerous situation, and then allow you to facilitate a repair or replacement as soon as possible. Therefore, except immediately following an incident, driving with a flat spare wheel, or expired emergency kit, is also not permitted, and you should check your spare regularly, at least monthly and before any long journey.

Excerpt: Essential tips for driving in Spain include understanding the legal requirements for handling flat tyres. Did you know it's mandatory to have a system allowing you to continue driving after a puncture? While a traditional spare wheel isn't the only option, driving without a DGT-approved system can result in a fine up to €200, even if you have roadside assistance! Remember, these tips for driving in Spain emphasise preparedness: regularly check your spare or emergency kit, at least monthly and before long journeys, as driving on a temporary fix longer than necessary is also prohibited. Ensure your vehicle complies with these crucial tips for driving in Spain for a safer journey.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (May 4, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering April 27, 2025 to May 3, 2025):

No, The DGT is NOT Planning to Fine Lone Drivers!
A recent social media rumour claimed that the DGT (Directorate General of Traffic) in Spain was planning to fine drivers who travel alone. This is false. While the DGT is encouraging carpooling to reduce congestion and emissions, inspired by the success of high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, which have reduced single-occupant cars by up to 47% on Madrid's A6 motorway, there are no plans to fine drivers for being alone in their vehicles. The confusion arose from the existing fines for misuse of HOV lanes (200 euro) and statements from Director General Pere Navarro emphasising the need to increase vehicle occupancy. The article clarifies that the DGT aims to promote shared travel, not penalise solo drivers.

Read more...

Driving in Spain for the Week Ahead – From Monday 28 April 2025
This week in Spain sees two significant holidays: Labour Day on May 1st (Thursday), a national holiday, and the day of the dos de Mayo (Friday), a holiday in Madrid commemorating the 1808 uprising against French occupation. These consecutive holidays will likely create a long weekend, leading to increased traffic around travel hotspots. While Monday, May 5th is the Mexican holiday Cinco de Mayo, it might see some celebrations among South Americans in Spain. Looking at the weather for the week starting April 28th, Spain anticipates settled and warmer conditions, generally favourable for driving. While the north might see occasional showers, the central and southern regions, including the Mediterranean coast, are expected to be mostly sunny and warm. Drivers should be mindful of potential tyre pressure changes due to rising temperatures and strong sunshine, as well as the impact of seasonal allergies.

Read more...

Weekly Round-up: N332 (April 27, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering April 20, 2025…

Read more...

A Silent Disease: The Early Signs of Parkinson’s You Shouldn’t Ignore
Currently, over 10 million people worldwide are living with Parkinson’s disease, a progressive neurodegenerative…

Read more...

What is Aquaplaning and How to Deal With It
The DGT is highlighting the dangers of aquaplaning during rainy periods, a phenomenon where tyres lose grip on wet surfaces, potentially leading to loss of control. Two key preventative measures are emphasised: regularly checking tyre condition, as worn tyres increase the risk, and significantly reducing speed in wet conditions, even on familiar roads. If aquaplaning occurs, the advice is to remain calm, grip the steering wheel firmly, avoid hard braking to prevent wheel lock-up, and gently correct the car's trajectory as grip is regained, without making sudden steering movements.

Read more...

The Truth About Flip Flops!
While there isn't a specific law in Spain prohibiting driving in flip-flops, it is strongly advised against due to safety concerns. Inappropriate footwear, like flip-flops, can slip off, get caught under pedals, or prevent proper braking and acceleration, potentially leading to accidents. Although not explicitly illegal, if an incident occurs or a driving offence is committed while wearing unsuitable shoes, it can be considered a contributing factor, resulting in a fine for not being in full control of the vehicle. Secure, well-fitting footwear is always recommended for safe driving.

Read more...

Spain Weekend Driving Weather Outlook – From Friday 2 May 2025
Stormy, unsettled, and potentially risky, that’s the overall driving Weather forecast for Spain for…

Read more...

Spain Driving Weather Update from 5 May 2025
Driving in Spain this week (May 5th - 11th, 2025) will see improving conditions mid-week before potential weekend rain. Monday starts unsettled with possible showers and cooler temperatures (highs around 17°C). Tuesday and Wednesday offer better driving with partly sunny to mixed skies and slightly warmer temperatures (highs around 18-20°C). Thursday and Friday maintain favourable conditions with sunshine and clouds (highs around 19°C). The weekend (May 10th-11th) brings warmer temperatures (up to 25°C on Saturday) but also a higher chance of rain, especially on Sunday (up to 9.5mm). Drivers should be prepared for potential wet roads and reduced visibility, particularly towards the end of the week. Stay updated on local weather forecasts for safe travel in Spain.

Read more...

### Spain Driving Weather Update from 5 May 2025

Generally speaking, the weather in Spain this week goes from unsettled to favourable, gradually improving, then a possible decline at the weekend with some challenges for driving.




https://youtu.be/Zd3jhh7baSU




Monday 5 May 2025 - Unsettled



Spain faces variable cloudiness with morning showers in some areas, transitioning to afternoon showers. Highs around 17°C (63°F); lows near 7°C (44°F).



Wet roads may lead to reduced traction and visibility. Exercise caution, especially during peak traffic hours.



Tuesday 6 May 2025 - Improving



Partly sunny skies are expected. Highs approximately 18°C (65°F); lows around 7°C (44°F).



Improved conditions with dry roads; however, remain alert for any residual damp areas from previous precipitation.



Wednesday 7 May 2025 - Stable



A mix of clouds and sunshine is anticipated. Highs near 20°C (69°F); lows about 8°C (47°F).



Favourable driving conditions with good visibility and dry roads.



Thursday 8 May 2025 - Pleasant



Sunshine with a few clouds is forecasted. Highs around 19°C (66°F); lows near 8°C (47°F).



Optimal conditions for travel; ensure vehicle maintenance is up to date for continued safe driving.



Friday 9 May 2025 - Favourable



A blend of sun and clouds is expected. Highs approximately 19°C (67°F); lows around 9°C (48°F).



Continued favourable conditions; remain vigilant for any sudden weather changes.



Weekend Outlook (May 10–11)



The upcoming weekend is expected to bring warmer temperatures, with highs reaching up to 25°C (77°F) on Saturday.



However, there is a likelihood of increased precipitation, particularly on Sunday, with forecasts indicating up to 9.5 mm of rain.



Drivers should anticipate potential wet road conditions and plan accordingly, allowing extra travel time and ensuring vehicles are equipped for rainy weather.



Staying informed through local weather updates will be crucial for safe travel during this period.

Excerpt: Driving in Spain this week (May 5th - 11th, 2025) will see improving conditions mid-week before potential weekend rain. Monday starts unsettled with possible showers and cooler temperatures (highs around 17°C). Tuesday and Wednesday offer better driving with partly sunny to mixed skies and slightly warmer temperatures (highs around 18-20°C). Thursday and Friday maintain favourable conditions with sunshine and clouds (highs around 19°C). The weekend (May 10th-11th) brings warmer temperatures (up to 25°C on Saturday) but also a higher chance of rain, especially on Sunday (up to 9.5mm). Drivers should be prepared for potential wet roads and reduced visibility, particularly towards the end of the week. Stay updated on local weather forecasts for safe travel in Spain.

### Spain Weekend Driving Weather Outlook – From Friday 2 May 2025

Stormy, unsettled, and potentially risky, that's the overall driving Weather forecast for Spain for this weekend, although next week we start to see spring stability return. 



Friday, May 2 – Stormy



A significant Atlantic front will bring widespread instability across Spain.  



Expect thunderstorms, heavy rain, and possible hail in central and northern regions, including Madrid, Castilla y León, and parts of Andalucía. 



The AEMET has issued yellow warnings for storms and rain in several areas. 



Driving conditions may be hazardous due to reduced visibility and slippery roads. 



Saturday, May 3 – Unsettled



The weather remains unstable, with overcast skies and moderate rain in the north and interior regions.  



Southern areas like Andalucía and the Mediterranean coast will experience warmer temperatures, reaching up to 31°C in the Valencian Community. 



While driving conditions improve in the south, caution is still advised in the north due to lingering showers. 



Sunday, May 4 – Mixed



Conditions begin to stabilise in the south, offering better driving weather.  



However, the north, especially Galicia and the Cantabrian regions, will continue to experience rain and overcast skies. 



Drivers in northern Spain should remain vigilant for wet roads and reduced visibility. 



The Week Ahead



The upcoming week will see a gradual return to more typical spring conditions. 



Temperatures will stabilize, with warmer days in the Mediterranean regions and cooler conditions in the northwest. 



Rainfall is expected to decrease, though occasional showers may occur in the north and northwest. 



Overall, driving conditions should improve, but it's advisable to stay updated on local forecasts, especially when traveling through northern Spain. 



Daily Summary




Monday: Settling



Tuesday: Mild



Wednesday: Stable



Thursday: Dry



Friday: Calm



Saturday: Pleasant



Sunday: Fair

### The Truth About Flip Flops!

Easter is often the precursor to the summer season, when the first wave of tourists take a break from the norm and have a well deserved holiday, and as it is the first time many people strip off down to the minimum amount of clothing, flip flops (or similar loose fitting shoes) often become the norm, as does the question about driving in flip flops.



Before we get to the legalities (spoiler: It is not illegal as such), let us be clear, driving in flip flops, or other inappropriate footwear, can be very dangerous, as was the case in 2016 when a loose fitting sandal got trapped behind the brake pedal of a car in Manchester, the car crashing into a wall and a little girl being killed as a result, something the driving father will have to live with for the rest of his life.



However, despite the danger, there is no specific law in Spain dictating what sort of footwear can or cannot be worn when driving.



There are however laws which dictate that as a driver you must always be in full control of your vehicle. If you are wearing inappropriate footwear and are involved in an incident, a collision, or are caught committing an offence, speeding as an example, then you are clearly not in full control, and so your footwear can be taken into consideration as a contributing factor, and so, you can be fined in this sense.



When you drive with flip flops if becomes easier to be involved in an incident. When you drive back home from the beach, for example, your flip flops are often wet and have sand on them, therefore you have a high risk of losing your flip flops while driving or when you use your car pedals. With Flip flops you cannot break or accelerate properly, ALL these factors can end in a traffic incident or infraction and in these cases, you can be fined for driving with inappropriate footwear.



Wearing appropriate footwear is a must when driving. When you think about the physical process required to make a vehicle go, turn, or stop, all the actions are performed by our hands and feet.



Flip flops and sandals are considered by far the most dangerous of all inappropriate footwear. Shoes which don´t fit securely may fall off when driving and can get in the way of the pedals as we have explained. Equally dangerous is how the foot can slip whilst the shoe remains in contact with the pedal, thus reducing braking time and causing a considerable risk when stopping.



High heels also pose their own problems, largely because these shoes are designed to alter the shape of the foot and ankle to raise the profile of the wearer. That´s all very well for a glamorous stroll through a prestigious event, but when sitting in a driving position the shape of the shoe prevents correct contact with the pedals, again reducing the response time.



We strongly recommend that you always wear appropriate, fitting footwear when you drive, for the reasons we have explained, inappropriate footwear will be taken into consideration, but they are not expressly forbidden.

Excerpt: While there isn't a specific law in Spain prohibiting driving in flip-flops, it is strongly advised against due to safety concerns. Inappropriate footwear, like flip-flops, can slip off, get caught under pedals, or prevent proper braking and acceleration, potentially leading to accidents. Although not explicitly illegal, if an incident occurs or a driving offence is committed while wearing unsuitable shoes, it can be considered a contributing factor, resulting in a fine for not being in full control of the vehicle. Secure, well-fitting footwear is always recommended for safe driving.

### What is Aquaplaning and How to Deal With It

During these rainy months, it's important to know what aquaplaning is and how to avoid it with two simple steps, according to the DGT, as the situation often takes drivers by surprise, and can have catastrophic affects.



As the winter months subside, we frequently get mixed weather, from hot and sunny one day, to torrential rain the next, and one of the most problematic times is when the road has been dry for a while and is then covered with surface water.



Not only that, because in a sudden downpour, the risk of the tyre grooves not being able to evacuate all the incoming water increases, causing the dreaded aquaplaning that makes us lose control of the car.



How can we avoid aquaplaning?



The DGT gives us two basic tips for avoiding aquaplaning, and they're as simple as they are sometimes (unbelievably) poorly applied. First, check the condition of your tyres, because the more worn they are, the greater the chance of suffering from aquaplaning.



And secondly, a tip that always works in so many situations, reduce your speed. We may be used to driving at a certain speed on a road we know by heart, but keep in mind that if it's wet, the limits of stability are reached much sooner.



What to do if it happens?



If, even following all the recommendations, we experience aquaplaning, we must remain calm. These are the steps to take to regain control of the car and thus avoid an accident due to excessive water:



1. Hold the steering wheel firmly



2. Never brake hard, because the wheels can lock, and you would then lose control over the vehicle's trajectory.



3. As the car regains grip, correct the trajectory gently and without making sudden movements of the steering wheel.

Excerpt: The DGT is highlighting the dangers of aquaplaning during rainy periods, a phenomenon where tyres lose grip on wet surfaces, potentially leading to loss of control. Two key preventative measures are emphasised: regularly checking tyre condition, as worn tyres increase the risk, and significantly reducing speed in wet conditions, even on familiar roads. If aquaplaning occurs, the advice is to remain calm, grip the steering wheel firmly, avoid hard braking to prevent wheel lock-up, and gently correct the car's trajectory as grip is regained, without making sudden steering movements.

### A Silent Disease: The Early Signs of Parkinson’s You Shouldn’t Ignore

Currently, over 10 million people worldwide are living with Parkinson’s disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects movement control. This condition, in which 10% of cases involve individuals under 50, is caused by the loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain’s “substantia nigra,” leading to motor symptoms such as resting tremor, muscle rigidity, slowness of movement, and postural instability. But Parkinson’s is more than a movement disorder—it also brings lesser-known symptoms like depression, sleep disturbances, and even cognitive decline.



We spoke with Dr. Erika Torres, head of the Neurosciences Unit at Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante, to better understand the symptoms and the most effective treatments available for this condition.



Causes and Diagnosis



Although a single cause of Parkinson’s has not been identified, experts agree that it arises from a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain genetic mutations are associated with the disease, but most cases are idiopathic or “sporadic.” Environmental risk factors may include exposure to pesticides, heavy metals, and, in some cases, viral infections.



“Unlike other neurological disorders, Parkinson’s combines both motor and non-motor symptoms that greatly affect patients’ quality of life,” explains Dr. Torres. “It’s a multifactorial disease involving both genetic predisposition and environmental triggers.”



Diagnosing Parkinson’s is relatively straightforward for movement disorder specialists. Most diagnoses are clinical and based on a thorough patient history and neurological examination. “Early symptoms can be subtle and are often mistaken for normal aging,” Dr. Torres points out. “Parkinson’s is usually diagnosed between ages 55 and 65, but early signs may appear sooner. These include loss of smell, persistent constipation, sleep disturbances, and slight motor asymmetry.” Such signs can precede more noticeable motor symptoms by several years.



Medication as Treatment



While there is no cure for Parkinson’s, various treatments can help patients maintain a good quality of life for many years. Drug therapy is the cornerstone of Parkinson’s management and includes medications that restore dopamine levels or enhance its effect and bioavailability:




Levodopa and carbidopa: This is the foundational and most effective treatment. Levodopa converts to dopamine in the brain, while carbidopa prevents its breakdown outside the brain.



Dopamine agonists: Such as pramipexole, ropinirole, and rotigotine, which stimulate dopamine receptors and enhance its effect in the brain.



MAO-B inhibitors: These prevent the breakdown of dopamine in the brain.



COMT inhibitors: These extend the effectiveness of levodopa by prolonging dopamine activity.



Amantadine: Useful for controlling dyskinesias—uncontrolled movements caused by levodopa.




As the disease progresses and both motor and non-motor fluctuations occur, medication regimens often need to be adjusted and combined. During “off” periods—when medication effects wear off—rescue therapies (subcutaneous, sublingual, or inhaled) may be used.



When standard medications no longer provide sufficient symptom control due to complications, second-line therapies may be considered, tailored to the patient’s age and limiting symptoms. These include:




Continuous infusion pumps, either subcutaneous (dopamine agonists and levodopa) or intraduodenal via PEG (levodopa gel)



Deep brain stimulation (DBS): Surgical implantation of electrodes for neural modulation



HIFU (High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound): Non-invasive ultrasound that targets specific brain regions to relieve symptoms




“It’s crucial for neurologists to time these therapies appropriately,” says Dr. Torres. “Poor timing can lead to premature severe complications or an inadequate therapeutic response.”



Surgical Therapy



When medications become less effective or cause severe fluctuations, surgical options may be considered for advanced cases. One such treatment is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS), where electrodes are implanted in targeted brain areas to modulate neural activity with electrical impulses, helping control motor symptoms.



“DBS can significantly improve quality of life and reduce the need for medication,” affirms Dr. Torres.



Beyond Surgery and Medication: Physiotherapy and Psychological Support



Parkinson’s treatment doesn’t end with drugs or surgery. A comprehensive approach including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, and psychological support is equally important to enhance patients’ day-to-day life.



“Physical therapy and regular exercise improve mobility, balance, and strength, while occupational therapy helps patients manage daily activities more efficiently,” says Dr. Torres. Speech therapy is also essential to manage voice and swallowing issues, especially in later stages. A balanced diet rich in antioxidants, fibre, and carefully managed protein intake can further support physical well-being.



According to Dr. Torres, psychological and social support are also vital: “Depression and anxiety are very common in Parkinson’s and may even precede motor symptoms. Psychological care improves both mood and treatment adherence.” Support for caregivers and families is also crucial, as the disease affects the entire social environment.



The Future of Parkinson’s in the Hands of Science



Although there is no cure yet, research is advancing rapidly to develop treatments that not only alleviate symptoms but modify the course of the disease. “We are closer to developing disease-modifying therapies. Several clinical trials are in advanced stages and could transform treatment in the coming years,” notes Dr. Torres.



Promising avenues include:




Gene therapy: Introducing genes to increase dopamine production in the brain



Stem cell therapy: Implanting dopamine-producing neurons derived from stem cells



New drugs: Vaccines targeting alpha-synuclein, a toxic protein that accumulates in Parkinson’s, are under trial




Quirónsalud: A Benchmark in Parkinson’s Care



Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja is one of Spain’s leading medical centres, offering an innovative roadmap for treating neurological diseases like Parkinson’s. Their comprehensive, person-cantered approach combines state-of-the-art therapies and equipment with excellence in patient care provided by a top-tier professional team.



At Quirónsalud, you are in good hands. Their healthcare model ensures patients receive rapid, personalized, and effective care with all doubts addressed—focused on improving each patient's quality of life.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (April 27, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering April 20, 2025 to April 26, 2025):

The Emergency Corridor
When an emergency vehicle is responding to an incident, the best thing any of…

Read more...

Weekly Round-up: N332 (April 20, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering April 13, 2025…

Read more...

Who Pays the Fine for Not Wearing a Seat Belt?
In the most recent campaign which focused on the wearing of seat belts and…

Read more...

How to Choose a Crash Helmet
A change to the law in Spain will mean that motorcyclists will have to…

Read more...

No, The DGT is NOT Planning to Fine Lone Drivers!
A recent social media rumour claimed that the DGT (Directorate General of Traffic) in Spain was planning to fine drivers who travel alone. This is false. While the DGT is encouraging carpooling to reduce congestion and emissions, inspired by the success of high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, which have reduced single-occupant cars by up to 47% on Madrid's A6 motorway, there are no plans to fine drivers for being alone in their vehicles. The confusion arose from the existing fines for misuse of HOV lanes (200 euro) and statements from Director General Pere Navarro emphasising the need to increase vehicle occupancy. The article clarifies that the DGT aims to promote shared travel, not penalise solo drivers.

Read more...

Driving in Spain for the Week Ahead – From Monday 28 April 2025
This week in Spain sees two significant holidays: Labour Day on May 1st (Thursday), a national holiday, and the day of the dos de Mayo (Friday), a holiday in Madrid commemorating the 1808 uprising against French occupation. These consecutive holidays will likely create a long weekend, leading to increased traffic around travel hotspots. While Monday, May 5th is the Mexican holiday Cinco de Mayo, it might see some celebrations among South Americans in Spain. Looking at the weather for the week starting April 28th, Spain anticipates settled and warmer conditions, generally favourable for driving. While the north might see occasional showers, the central and southern regions, including the Mediterranean coast, are expected to be mostly sunny and warm. Drivers should be mindful of potential tyre pressure changes due to rising temperatures and strong sunshine, as well as the impact of seasonal allergies.

Read more...

### Driving in Spain for the Week Ahead – From Monday 28 April 2025

This week we will see one of the main national holidays in Spain, 1 May, which is the day of the worker, or labour day, and is a national holiday.



On the next day, 2 May, Madrid celebrates one of their historic anniversaries, and is a holiday in the capital.



The Dos de Mayo or Second of May Uprising took place in Madrid, Spain, on 2–3 May 1808. The rebellion, mainly by civilians, with some isolated military action by junior officers, was against the occupation of the city by French troops, and was violently repressed by the French Imperial forces, with hundreds of public executions. An eternal flame is present in Madrid which recognises the sacrifices.



These dates are on Thursday and Friday respectively, which means that for many people there will be a long weekend break, and so, traffic will be busier just before and just after, as many people take advantage of the break to travel to holiday spots at the coast and mountains.



Moreover, the following Monday is 5 May, and although this is not a Spanish holiday, but rather el Cinco de Mayo is a Mexican holiday commemorating the victory of the Mexican Army over the French Empire at the Battle of Puebla on May 5, 1862, it is sometimes cause for celebration by South Americans living in Spain, and often supported by their European friends.



Coming back to this week, looking at the weather, starting from Monday, April 28, 2025, the general trend suggests more settled and warmer conditions across much of the country, which should translate to largely favourable driving conditions.



The northern regions are expected to see a decrease in rainfall, with more sunshine and gradually rising temperatures, although occasional light showers cannot be entirely ruled out, especially in mountainous areas.



The central plateau, including major routes around Madrid, should experience mostly sunny to partly cloudy skies with steadily increasing temperatures, making for comfortable journeys.



The Mediterranean coastal areas, including the Costa Blanca, are forecast to have predominantly sunny and warm weather throughout the week, ideal for driving, though it's worth being mindful of higher temperatures potentially affecting tyre pressure during longer trips.



Similarly, the southern regions are expected to be warm and dry.



Drivers should be aware of potentially stronger sunshine and ensure adequate hydration, especially during midday travel, and allergies can also have an effect on driving due to increased pollen.



Overall, the week looks promising for travel across Spain, with the main concerns being potential isolated showers in the far north and the increasing heat in the south during peak hours.

Excerpt: This week in Spain sees two significant holidays: Labour Day on May 1st (Thursday), a national holiday, and the day of the dos de Mayo (Friday), a holiday in Madrid commemorating the 1808 uprising against French occupation. These consecutive holidays will likely create a long weekend, leading to increased traffic around travel hotspots. While Monday, May 5th is the Mexican holiday Cinco de Mayo, it might see some celebrations among South Americans in Spain. Looking at the weather for the week starting April 28th, Spain anticipates settled and warmer conditions, generally favourable for driving. While the north might see occasional showers, the central and southern regions, including the Mediterranean coast, are expected to be mostly sunny and warm. Drivers should be mindful of potential tyre pressure changes due to rising temperatures and strong sunshine, as well as the impact of seasonal allergies.

### No, The DGT is NOT Planning to Fine Lone Drivers!

Have you heard that the DGT (Directorate General of Traffic) is going to fine drivers who travel alone in their cars? It has been going around social media recently, creating a wave of controversy, and as is quite often the case with these viral, exaggerated stories, you will be pleased to know that it is NOT true!



What IS true is that mobility experts have long pointed out the importance of avoiding solo travel and trying to optimise journeys by filling every seat. This is the philosophy behind high-occupancy lanes, which, as their name suggests, are reserved not only for buses but also for vehicles with several passengers, in Spanish, known as Vehículos Alta Ocupación, or VAO on the signs and stickers associated with their use.



It is also true that if vehicles were more suited to the travelling occupants, the traffic flow would be smoother, and congestion reduced. An example of this you can see yourself in any town or city where congestion gathers. Just spend 10 minutes counting the vehicles and their occupants, and then convert your figures to suitable vehicles, so as bicycles, or even e-scooters, or at the other end of the scale, buses, and you will see a difference in your calculation which would save road space.



The first VAO lane in Spain was launched in Madrid, on the A6 motorway. It is said that in 10 years, this measure has reduced the percentage of single-occupant cars on this road by up to 47 percent. Currently, we can find such lanes in Granada, Barcelona, ​​and Seville, among other cities.



The purpose of these lanes is to ease traffic congestion (the A6 towards Madrid was chosen because it was a point where traffic jams were recorded daily). The idea is that only cars with a passenger can use the lane, thus ensuring smoother traffic. However, be careful: using a HOV lane without meeting the high-occupancy requirement carries a fine of 200 euro. And, herin lies the root of the confusion.



Fines for driving alone?



For days, rumours have been circulating on the Internet and social media indicating that the DGT is considering a new measure that would fine drivers who travel alone.



The information comes after statements made some time ago by the Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, in which he highlighted data such as the fact that 85% of vehicles traveling from home to work and from work to home each day do so with only one occupant. "The future of traffic will be shared, or it will not exist," Navarro said. Perhaps a too-firm statement, it has given rise to all sorts of speculation.



"Increasing vehicle occupancy at the entrances and exits of large cities is both a challenge and a necessity," said Pere Navarro. He added: "We must make a collective change in mentality that allows us to encourage high vehicle occupancy, because we can't afford to move 1,500 kilos every day to transport one person."



And that's it. Pere Navarro's intention is to encourage carpooling to ease congestion at peak traffic times and points and, at the same time, reduce polluting emissions (fewer cars, less pollution). But the DGT has never mentioned fining those who use their cars alone.



Finally, and to give further credence to the hoax, some claim that Pere Navarro is considering copying the French model. France has announced that starting in May, it will fine those traveling alone in specific lanes, which will be reserved during certain time slots for vehicles with at least two people. In other words, in this case, France will copy what Spain has been doing for decades as mentioned at the beginning of this article.

Excerpt: A recent social media rumour claimed that the DGT (Directorate General of Traffic) in Spain was planning to fine drivers who travel alone. This is false. While the DGT is encouraging carpooling to reduce congestion and emissions, inspired by the success of high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes, which have reduced single-occupant cars by up to 47% on Madrid's A6 motorway, there are no plans to fine drivers for being alone in their vehicles. The confusion arose from the existing fines for misuse of HOV lanes (200 euro) and statements from Director General Pere Navarro emphasising the need to increase vehicle occupancy. The article clarifies that the DGT aims to promote shared travel, not penalise solo drivers.

### How to Choose a Crash Helmet

A change to the law in Spain will mean that motorcyclists will have to wear a full-face crash helmet, which provides additional protection around the face and jaw, unlike the open-faced equivalent.



The law already establishes that crash helmets for riding a motorbike or scooter in Spain must be of an approved type. There are different standards based on the intended use of the helmet, so a moped helmet is different to a motorbike helmet for example, testing for the latter being more rigorous. However, in addition to the legal requirements, there are also other matters that should be taken into consideration.



Helmets offered for sale on the internet should be checked before purchase to ensure they have the necessary standard approval for Spain and the EU, as there are many offered for sale from China, amongst other places, that don´t satisfy the minimum European standard.



You must be able to see the ECE (European Standard) label clearly. This proves that the helmet is of an approved type and suitable for use.



It must cover the forehead above the eyebrows.



It must not move or fall on the driver's eyes or apply pressure on the forehead.



It must not hinder the driver's peripheral vision.



If you wear spectacles, the helmet must not push or reduce the vision of the bikers who wear glasses.



Plus, and equally as important, it must be comfortable.



Remember, a helmet is only worn correctly if it is secured to the head it is protecting. Always use the chin strap and always make sure your helmet is secure.



We have looked specifically at motorbike helmets, but the same conditions can be adapted to whatever the need. Bicycle, scooter or skating helmets all have their own standards, and so it is important to check that the helmet being worn is fit for purpose.

### Who Pays the Fine for Not Wearing a Seat Belt?

In the most recent campaign which focused on the wearing of seat belts and the use of child restraining systems, according to the DGT, a total of 448,494 vehicles, including cars, taxis, commercial vehicles, and buses, were inspected, with 6,409 offences recorded.



Reviewing that figure a little further, 3,088 tickets were issued directly to drivers, 1,291 to front-seat passengers, while 1,645 were issued to rear-seat passengers. Added to this are another 385 tickets issued to minors 1.35 metres or shorter who were not using child restraint systems or were using them incorrectly. Of these, 285 were issued to children in front seats and 100 to rear seats.



Wearing a seat belt is a mandatory safety measure in many countries, including Spain. Not wearing a seat belt not only increases the risk of serious injury or death in the event of a collision, but also carries significant financial penalties. Despite its importance, questions remain about who should pay the fine for not wearing a seat belt.



Spanish law is clear regarding the mandatory use of seat belts in vehicles and establishes specific penalties for violators. However, the responsibility for paying the fine may depend on certain circumstances.



Who pays the fine?



In general, the driver of the vehicle is responsible for ensuring that all passengers are properly secured, both in the front and rear seats.



Children: If the unsecured passengers are minors, the responsibility falls directly on the driver, who must ensure their safety.



Adult passengers: Adults are responsible for wearing their seatbelt. If an adult is caught not wearing one, they will be responsible for paying the corresponding fine.



Loss of points



In addition to the fine, failure to wear a seat belt properly can result in the loss of four points on your driver's licence.



Exceptions to the regulations



There are some circumstances under which wearing a seat belt is not mandatory, and therefore, a fine cannot be imposed:



Parked vehicle: It is not necessary to wear a seat belt if the vehicle is stopped and not moving.



Health indication: If there is a justified and documented medical reason that exempts the driver or passenger from wearing a seat belt, this must be presented to the authorities upon request.



What happens if I don't pay the fine for not wearing a seat belt?



Ignoring a fine can lead to more serious consequences, such as a 20% increase in the initial fine and, potentially, collection actions that may include the seizure of accounts or income.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (April 20, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering April 13, 2025 to April 19, 2025):

Tick follows Tock, Follows Tick…
Tick, tock, tick, tock, as we set our clocks forward recently, tick, tock, tick,…

Read more...

Weekly Round-up: N332 (April 13, 2025)
Here’s a look at N332 content from the past week (covering April 6, 2025…

Read more...

Torrevieja unveils the charity race “5K Steps That Matter by Quirónsalud” in aid of AFECÁNCER
Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital today presented the charity race “5K Steps That Matter” at Torrevieja…

Read more...

Speeding Fines in Spain
Failure to comply with speed limits can result in fines and the loss of…

Read more...

Electric Charging Station Signs in Spain
In 2022, the traffic department launched a new set of road signs to clearly…

Read more...

The Emergency Corridor
When an emergency vehicle is responding to an incident, the best thing any of…

Read more...

### The Emergency Corridor

When an emergency vehicle is responding to an incident, the best thing any of us can do is to move out of the way in a safe manner, and in Spain, like many other countries, drivers are taught to create an “emergency corridor” which allows a space for the emergency vehicle to pass through safely.



Before we explain what that means, it is also worth noting that the security services, Guardia Civil, police, often display blue lights constantly. This is part of effective visible policing, and when these lights are static, they are just going about their business normally. It is only when the blue lights are flashing that they are responding to an emergency, which will also often be accompanied by a siren.



This is also why it is crucial that you are constantly aware of your surroundings, looking and listening all the time, and why, for example, listening to loud music, or not carrying out effective observations can be so dangerous, and can be dealt with by fines, as somebody´s life could depend on you.

















How to create the emergency corridor



In basic terms, vehicles move over, when safe, to create a gap for the emergency vehicles to pass through.



On a single-lane, normal road, vehicles move over to their right, where possible, on both sides, subsequently the emergency vehicle will drive through the gap left in the centre of the road.



If the road consists of two lanes in one direction, drivers should move over to both sides, with those in the right lane going to the right and those in the left to their left, in such a way that they leave a central corridor of free access to allow the passage of emergency vehicles through the centre of the two lanes.



If there are three lanes in one direction, the two lanes to the right move right, and the vehicles in the leftmost lane moves to the left, and so the emergency vehicle will pass through the gap created between lanes 2 and 3.



Changes in 2025



One issue with the development of the emergency corridor is that to date it has only been a recommendation, followed by most drivers, but not all. Those who don’t know how to react can often impede the flow of traffic. In 2025, the intention is to make this strategy mandatory, and so all drivers must know how to react, and then do so when appropriate.



“The objective of this modification is precisely to explain in a clear way how drivers should behave in these circumstances to facilitate the work of the emergency services and expedite their access to the victims of an incident,” explains Ana Blanco, the deputy director of DGT circulation.



Until now, the regulations established that priority must always be given to priority vehicles in emergency services, but without specifying the behaviour of the rest of the drivers, in other words, the law gives emergency vehicles priority now, but doesn’t explain how that priority is put into practice. This new modification will specify exactly how they have to act from now on by law.

### Electric Charging Station Signs in Spain

In 2022, the traffic department launched a new set of road signs to clearly and quickly identify electric charging points in Spain, and although they may not be commonplace yet, they are increasing, and could prove valuable for those driving electric cars to know where they can charge.



Why is this signage important?



Electric charging stations are key for electric vehicles (EVs), which are increasingly common on our roads. With the aim of facilitating their use and promoting more sustainable mobility, the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda, in collaboration with other agencies, established clear and understandable signage. This not only helps drivers find charging stations but also integrates them into the Official Catalogue of Traffic Signs, aligning them with the regulations of other European Union countries.



Types of Electric Charging Point Signs



There are three main signs to identify electric charging points:



Electric charging station



Featuring the green pictogram of the electric charging point alone, specifically identifying a station dedicated exclusively to the charging of electric vehicles.







Fuel pump and electric charging station



This sign has pictograms of a traditional fuel pump in black, and an electric charging point in green, and indicates the presence of a fuel service station that also offers electric charging.







Fuel pump, LPG and electric recharging station



Similar to the first, but with the addition of a blue pictogram of a traditional fuel pump, this sign indicates a service station that provides both conventional fuels, GLP (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) and electric recharging.







What about electric vehicles?



In addition to the above signs, a specific pictogram will be used for electric vehicles.



This symbol, an artistic, green-lined outline of a car which becomes a power cable, which indicates that the signage is specifically intended for vehicles of this type, ensuring that EV drivers can always find a suitable charging station.







Where can you see these signs?



These pictograms can be found on service signs both on motorways and in urban areas. They may appear individually or in conjunction with each other, depending on the location and the services available at the charging station.

### Speeding Fines in Spain

Failure to comply with speed limits can result in fines and the loss of points on your driver's licence. In Spain, fines vary depending on the speeding rate detected, with different violation categories:



Minor offence: exceeding the speed limit by up to 20 km/h. This can result in a fine of up to 100 euro, without the loss of points.



Serious offence: Exceeding the speed limit by more than 20 km/h but less than 50 km/h. This carries a fine of between 300 and 500 euro, with the loss of between 2 and 6 points from your licence.



Very serious offence: When the speed limit is exceeded by more than 50 km/h, in other words, you go more than 50 km/h over the limit, such as 101 km/h in a zone limited to 50. In this case, the fine can reach 600 euro and entails the loss of 6 points. At this level it is also considered a crime against road safety, and as it is a crime it could result in prison, as well as the withdrawal of the driving licence.



For Spanish licence holders, the fines can be paid remotely, and benefit from a prompt payment discount. For foreign licence holders, the fine is payable on the spot, and there are no discounts. Moreover, if you are unable to pay your vehicle can be impounded until you do.

### Torrevieja unveils the charity race “5K Steps That Matter by Quirónsalud” in aid of AFECÁNCER

Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital today presented the charity race “5K Steps That Matter” at Torrevieja Town Hall, as part of the hospital’s 25th anniversary celebrations. All proceeds from the event will be donated in full to AFECÁNCER, a local association supporting cancer patients and their families.



The race will take place on Sunday 25th May at 9:00 am in the Parque de las Naciones in Torrevieja. The event offers various categories suitable for all ages and fitness levels, including a 5K run, Nordic walking, children’s races, and a range of family-friendly activities.



This community event is held in collaboration with the Torrevieja Town Council, through its departments of Sports and Health, as well as the Torrevieja Athletics Club and the Brotons Group.



The event’s race packs will be prepared with the support of ADIEM Torrevieja, an organisation that promotes the social and professional inclusion of individuals with mental health conditions. Their participation adds further depth to the event’s inclusive and charitable nature, highlighting the power of community and cooperation for a common cause.



Click here to get your race number



A family-friendly sporting event



Beyond the athletic competition, the day promises to be a true celebration of solidarity, with a full schedule of complementary activities:




Zumba session with Javi Jodani, a well-known local instructor, bringing energy and movement to the morning.



Live music by Instinto Primate, performing from the heart of the park to create a festive atmosphere.



Children’s workshops and activities throughout the morning, providing a safe and engaging environment for the youngest attendees.



Café area with seating, offering refreshments and a space to relax.



“Dorsal 0” (virtual race bib) available via the registration page for those unable to attend in person but who wish to support the cause.




Race and event Schedule




09:00 – Collection of adult race numbers: Participants should collect their bibs at the designated area. Early arrival is advised to avoid queues.



10:00 – Start of the 5K race: The main event begins, with a 5-kilometre route monitored by the Torrevieja Athletics Club to ensure runners’ safety.



11:00 – Nordic walking event begins: A walking alternative open to all, promoting inclusive participation.



11:00 to 12:00 – Live performance by Instinto Primate: Enjoy music in the park during the festivities.



11:15 – Prize-giving ceremony for the 5K race winners.



11:30 – Collection of children's race numbers: Children participating in the races should collect their bibs from the designated area.



12:00 – Children’s races begin (within the park):

SUB4 (Mixed, up to age 3) – 50m



SUB6 (Mixed, ages 4–5) – 50m



SUB8 (Boys & Girls, ages 6–7) – 100m



SUB10 (Boys & Girls, ages 8–9) – 600m



SUB12 (Boys & Girls, ages 10–11) – 600m



SUB14 (Boys & Girls, ages 12–13) – 1,200mRaces are adapted by age to encourage children’s participation, held in a secure, supervised area of the park.





12:30 – Prize-giving ceremony for children’s races.



10:30 to 12:30 – Children’s activities: Fun and educational workshops and games for young attendees.



12:30 to 13:00 – Final Zumba session: A fun and energetic way to end the day, open to all participants.




A day to remember as part of Quirónsalud Torrevieja’s 25th anniversary



This charity race forms part of the activities commemorating the 25th anniversary of Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital – a milestone that celebrates the hospital’s strong ties with the local community and its ongoing commitment to health, solidarity, and the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Throughout the year, the hospital will be organising a series of initiatives including exhibitions, podcasts, commemorative mosaics, and a grand closing event in October.

### Weekly Round-up: N332 (April 13, 2025)

Here's a look at N332 content from the past week (covering April 6, 2025 to April 12, 2025):

Questions Raised About Golf Buggies
Perhaps as part of plans for Easter, as a usual indicator for summer, we…

Read more...

Parking Facing the Wrong Way
The General Directorate of Traffic has recently revisited a continual problem we have covered…

Read more...

Easter Celebrations See Traffic Building
SPEED is the focus of attention by the traffic police all this week, with…

Read more...

Who Can be Breathalysed and Why?
Alcohol consumption is one of the main risk factors for road safety, that is…

Read more...

Special Traffic Operation “Holy Week – 2025”
As always, Easter is a busy time in Spain on the roads, and this…

Read more...

IMPORTANT Information about the N332 Facebook Page
Due to an error by Facebook’s AI system, our main page has been temporarily…

Read more...

Tick follows Tock, Follows Tick…
Tick, tock, tick, tock, as we set our clocks forward recently, tick, tock, tick,…

Read more...

### Tick follows Tock, Follows Tick…

Tick, tock, tick, tock, as we set our clocks forward recently, tick, tock, tick, tock, as old father time slips away, tick, tock, tick, tock, comes the sound from our joints as we reach a more mature age, but then… Silence… From the cars where the driver forgets or just can´t be bothered to INDICATE!!!



So, we painted a picture with words, to try to lull those who might need it into a false sense of security, because no matter how often we try to share the message, no matter how much we mention the 200 euro for not doing, there are still far too many people who still don´t use their indicators.



For example, according to the DGT, despite indicators being necessary to alert other road users f our intentions (as in beforehand), and despite them being mandatory, only 33% of overtaking attempts are, for example, signalled.



Before we continue with our metronome of example, we also have to say that there are also drivers who use them incorrectly or at the wrong time, which can also lead to a fine.



"The omission or improper use of indicators can lead to conflicts and accidents, especially in a manoeuvre like overtaking, where they are essential," warned Juan Ignacio Serena, Head of the DGT's Driver Training Section.



“It's very important to use turn signals when driving. Optical warnings are the primary means of communicating with road users. Without them, coexistence is difficult,” emphasises Juan Ignacio Serena. The DGT estimates that over the life of a vehicle, drivers will likely use them more than 200,000 times, and their correct use prevents collisions, run overs, and other road accidents, and they must always be used in advance, after checking your surroundings to make sure the manoeuvre is safe to carry out.



Photo by Albin Berlin: 



The DGT details the situations where indicator use is mandatory



Lane changes, such as turns, U-turns, and overtaking, are manoeuvres where the MSM (Mirror, Signal, Manoeuvre) safety rule applies.



Turning and changing directions two other manoeuvres in which, according to the DGT, the ticking sound should always be heard in our car.



When overtaking it is also essential to activate your indicators. When overtaking, it's essential to signal each lateral movement in advance if you're moving from one lane to another so that drivers behind and ahead—on two-way roads—are aware of your intentions, and when you intend to return to your lane.



At roundabouts:  Inside the roundabout, it is essential, and also clearly mandatory, to use the turn signal to signal both lane changes within the roundabout and exits from it, so as not to surprise drivers behind you or those entering the roundabout. However, when continuing inside the roundabout, with no intention of changing lanes or exiting, it is incorrect to keep the indicator on, although this is widely accepted practice, known as the “courtesy indicator”.



Another manoeuvre that requires activating the turn signals, according to the DGT, is merging, whether from a parking space or entering or exiting dual carriageways, motorways, or conventional roads from other roads. Furthermore, properly signalling when merging into a road makes the manoeuvre easier for all drivers already on the road, for example, by changing lanes (whenever possible) or slowing down in advance to give space to the merging vehicle.



When parking, stopping, or making a stop, always signal ahead by using your turn signal to the side where you're about to stop. This reduces the risk of being overtaken if the vehicle behind you is too close and contributes to the flow of traffic, as it gives the vehicle behind you the opportunity to overtake and avoid being stopped as well.



Photo by Mike Bird:

### IMPORTANT Information about the N332 Facebook Page

Due to an error by Facebook’s AI system, our main page has been temporarily blocked. Some of our road safety articles were mistakenly flagged as inappropriate, even though they contained no offensive content.



We’ve already submitted an appeal and are waiting for Facebook to review and restore our page.



In the meantime, we’ve created this temporary account to stay connected with you and continue sharing important traffic and safety updates.



👉 Please follow and share:



https://www.facebook.com/N332SpanishTrafficLaw



We have also launched (earlier than we had planned) a sub site here where you will be able to access the Facebook posts, and look back at previous ones at your leisure, making it easier to find historic information. You can visit that site anytime from a button on the menu, or here:



https://facebook.n332.es/



Thank you for your support and understanding 🙏Stay safe on the roads! 🚗💡




https://youtu.be/0Zn4XpHUF5o

### Special Traffic Operation "Holy Week - 2025"

As always, Easter is a busy time in Spain on the roads, and this year looks set to be potentially busier than usual.



Avoid traveling during unfavourable and very unfavourable times of day. The traffic forecast for the days during which this Special Operation "Holy Week - 2025" will be carried out is as follows:



Friday, April 11, 2025



On this day, the special Easter 2025 operation will begin at 3:00 p.m. with the first Operation EXIT, which includes long-distance travel due to the start of the Easter holiday period, along with short-distance travel due to the start of the weekend.



Exits from large urban centres, access to coastal tourist areas, and second homes will be problematic.



On this day, traffic management and regulation measures will be implemented in the afternoon to facilitate vehicle exit from major urban centres.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 3 p.m. to 10 p.m.



Saturday, April 12, 2025



The heavy traffic from the previous day's outflow from major urban centres will continue this morning, with more traffic heading to recreational and leisure areas near urban centres.



Also on this day, traffic management and regulation measures will be implemented in the morning to facilitate the exit of vehicles from large urban centres.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.



Sunday, April 13, 2025



At midnight, the first phase of the Special Operation EASTER – 2025 will conclude, with the return of those who enjoyed the weekend.



There will be traffic jams in the afternoon and evening at the entrances to major urban centres, but they will be less severe than the return traffic on previous Sundays.



On this day, traffic management and regulation measures will be implemented in the afternoon to facilitate vehicle entry into major urban centres.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 6 p.m. to 10 p.m.



Wednesday, April 16, 2025



On this day, in all autonomous communities except Catalonia and the Valencian Community, the 2nd PHASE of the Special Operation EASTER – 2025 begins, the most important in terms of volume and vehicle movements along the entire road network. Therefore, starting at midday, traffic problems and traffic jams will occur at the exits and entrances to major urban centres, both inland and on the outskirts and coast. These will become more pronounced as the afternoon progresses, before reaching the destination areas by late evening.



Throughout the afternoon and evening, traffic management and regulation measures will be implemented on the busiest roads to facilitate the exit of vehicles from large urban centres.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 1 p.m. to midnight.



Thursday, April 17, 2025



In the autonomous communities except Catalonia and the Valencian Community, the exodus will continue from early morning, with high traffic volumes causing traffic jams at the entrances to major urban centres.



On this day, traffic management and regulation measures will be in place throughout the morning to facilitate the exit of vehicles from major urban centres.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m.



On this same day, in the early afternoon, the second phase of Operation Easter 2025 begins in Catalonia and the Valencian Community. Traffic problems are expected in these communities mainly on roads leading to the coast, those connecting coastal towns, as well as on roads leading to tourist rest areas.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 12 noon to 11 p.m.



Friday, April 18, 2025



In Catalonia and the Valencian Community, vehicle movements will continue this morning, as they did the previous afternoon, outbound from major cities, causing heavy traffic with traffic jams.



In the rest of the Autonomous Communities, during the morning of this holiday, traffic intensities will be observed leaving major urban centres on short journeys to leisure and recreational areas near urban centres.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.



In the afternoon, across the country, there will be movements of short-haul and local vehicles toward towns where religious events are taking place.



Saturday, April 19, 2025



Traffic problems may occur in the morning at destinations due to short-haul local traffic, especially at access points to coastal towns and coastal roads.



In the afternoon, motivated by those who are bringing their return to this Saturday, long-distance return movements will be observed, with high intensity on some roadways.



Sunday, April 20, 2025



The first RETURN of Operation "Holy Week - 2025" begins today. Traffic problems and hold-ups are expected at destination locations or areas starting mid-morning due to the start of the return journey. Traffic problems will begin on the main roadways that channel all Easter return traffic in the early afternoon. The most severe traffic problems are those on the general-interest network, motorways and dual carriageways, as well as access roads to coastal areas. These problems will extend to access points to major urban centres late in the afternoon.



On this day, traffic management and regulation measures will be in place throughout the day to facilitate vehicle entry into major urban centres.



The Autonomous Communities affected by the return on this day are: Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, the Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Galicia, the Balearic Islands, Madrid, and Murcia.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 11 a.m. to midnight.



Monday, April 21, 2025



On this day, the RETURN begins in the Autonomous Communities where Monday is a holiday: Catalonia, the Valencian Community, Navarre, the Basque Country, and La Rioja.  Traffic problems will occur on the main roads in these Communities, as well as on access roads to the provinces bordering them. Vehicles will return within a similar period to the previous day in the rest of the Autonomous Communities.



In these communities, traffic management and regulation measures will be implemented throughout the day to facilitate vehicle entry into large urban centres.



In the rest of the Autonomous Communities, there will also be return movements, motivated mainly by the start of school and university activities the following day.



The unfavourable time slot for this day will be from 11 a.m. to midnight.



The Special Operation HOLY WEEK – 2025 will be concluded.

### Who Can be Breathalysed and Why?

Alcohol consumption is one of the main risk factors for road safety, that is why the maximum permitted limits are being reduced in Spain, and in order to ensure that the roads are safer, breathalyser tests can be carried out, in order to ensure compliance with traffic regulations and reduce traffic incidents.



Who is required to take the breathalyser test?



Traffic authorities may require drivers to take a breathalyser test in several specific situations. According to the Road Safety Act and the General Traffic Regulations, drivers who must undergo this test are:



Drivers involved in incidents



Any driver involved in a traffic accident, regardless of apparent responsibility, must be tested to determine whether they have consumed alcohol.



Drivers showing signs of intoxication



If a traffic officer observes obvious signs of intoxication, such as difficulty speaking, altered reflexes or loss of balance, he or she is authorised to request a breathalyser test.



Road users reported for traffic violations



Road users who have committed traffic violations may be subjected to the test, even if they do not show obvious signs of intoxication.



Preventive controls



Authorities can conduct random tests without requiring the driver to have committed an infraction or been involved in an accident. These preventive checks are carried out at strategic locations with the aim of discouraging alcohol consumption while driving.



Passengers



If the driver is found to be over the limit, in some cases, a passenger may continue and drive the vehicle, but they too may be requested to undergo a breathalyser test first.



Cyclists and scooter riders



ANY person in charge of any vehicle, including cyclists and scooter riders, are subject to the same terms as listed.



Pedestrians



If a pedestrian is involved in a traffic incident, they too may be subject to a breathalyser test.



Breathalyser tests



The breathalyser test measures the amount of alcohol in the exhaled air. There are different types of devices, including new proximity detectors, which can measure the alcohol level without the user having to blow, particularly useful in the event of a serious incident where the person may be incapacitated.



Administrative sanctions



If the alcohol level exceeds the permitted limits, but does not reach the criminal threshold, the driver may receive:




Fine of up to 500 euro, increasing for repeat offenders.



Withdrawal of 4 to 6 points from the licence.




Criminal sanctions



When the alcohol level is so high that it is considered a crime against road safety, penalties may include:




Prison sentence of 3 to 6 months.



Financial fines or community service from 31 to 90 days.



Withdrawal of driving licence from 1 to 4 years.




If the driver refuses to take the test, he or she could face a prison sentence of up to one year and the loss of his or her driver's licence for up to four years.

### Easter Celebrations See Traffic Building

SPEED is the focus of attention by the traffic police all this week, with the Guardia Civil, assisted by colleagues in the Local and Regional Police in places, monitoring for excessive and inappropriate speed more closely.



Some schools in the UK have already finished for Easter, and so tourists are arriving in many places in preparation for the celebrations.







We will give you the specific predictions shortly, but Easter week sees a gradual buildup of traffic, as many people start to head from the inland areas to the coast to celebrate the long weekend, which differs around the country, taking in Easter Thursday through to the following Monday, with several variations, so it is best to check locally for your holidays.



Easter week also sees lots of processions, usually, but not always, taking place in the evening, which, in turn, brings local road closures.



The weekend starts to wind down locally on Easter Sunday afternoon, which is when many people start to return home, although some remain until the Monday, depending on their local holiday schedule.



As the month continues, we then look towards 1 May, a national holiday, celebrating and recognising the workers, and we also have two traffic monitoring campaigns in May, the first, around the middle of the month, focussing on the conventional road network, then school buses at the end.

### Parking Facing the Wrong Way

The General Directorate of Traffic has recently revisited a continual problem we have covered before, answering a question many drivers ask, though many more ignore, as to whether it is legal to park facing the wrong direction on a road.



The short answer is that you should not park facing the wrong direction, as it is illegal, and can be considered a serious offence that carries a fine and the possible loss of points from your licence.



Parking in some congested areas of cities is an ordeal for many drivers, and some resort to a desperate solution as soon as they find a space: parking against the direction of travel. The Traffic Department has been very strict about this type of practice; it is illegal.



The DGT has clarified that this prohibition is clearly stated in the General Traffic Regulations, so drivers who park in the wrong direction will face a fine and the loss of up to six points on their driver's licence in the worst-case scenario.



The regulations state that the vehicle "must be positioned as close as possible to the right edge of the road, except on one-way roads, where it may also be positioned on the left side." Drivers may not park on the left side of a two-way road, although it is permitted on one-way roads provided there are no specific road signs or markings prohibiting it.



The fines imposed on drivers who park the wrong way will depend on how the violation occurred. If the police officer observes that a vehicle is parked incorrectly, they will fine the owner 100 euro.



The most serious fines will be issued if the officer observes the driver parking. The fine amounts to 500 euro and the loss of six points on the driver's licence.



The reason for this harsher punishment is that the officer saw the driver traveling in the wrong direction, even if the distance was only a few metres. This offence is considered serious under the General Traffic Regulations.

### Questions Raised About Golf Buggies

Perhaps as part of plans for Easter, as a usual indicator for summer, we have received several questions about one particular type of vehicles, golf buggies, and whether they are allowed on the roads, as well as other doubts.



The answer to the question regarding golf buggies on the road, the short answer is both yes, and no, but given the majority of these vehicles are of a particular type, in the majority of cases, the answer if definitely no, golf buggies are not permitted on the roads outside the boundaries of the golf course, and, sometimes, even within.



The reason for this is that all vehicles are constructed for the purpose they are intended to serve, and for that purpose to be on the road, they must satisfy rigorous minimum safety requirements.



Golf buggies, generally, are for use on the grass part of the course to take players from hole to hole.



For a vehicle of any type to be considered roadworthy in the first instance, as in not during the life of the vehicle, it must undergo rigorous testing at the manufacturing stage, and is rated on various aspects of safety.



Most golf buggies do not undergo this type of test because they are not intended for road use.



There are, however, some makes and models of golf buggies which have undergone this process. As part of that certification protocol, they must also therefore be fitted with several standard features, in addition to satisfying crash testing, such as lights, rearview mirrors, seat belts, to name but a few, and these elements must be either factory fitted, or approved by the vehicle manufacturer.



Moreover, once the vehicle satisfies those standards, it must undergo ITV certification in Spain, and have an ITV card issued. You can theoretically do this for any vehicle, but only if it satisfies the minimum standards and is certifiable and has all of the elements mentioned.



Assuming your golf buggy does satisfy those standards mentioned (and more), it still doesn’t mean it can be used on the road, because as a vehicle, it must also be registered. That then means it must display a number plate (in most cases of the few that would qualify it is likely to be comparable to a moped, or microcar, and so a yellow number plate would be the norm).



The vehicle also requires insurance, like all vehicles on the road, and the driver must hold an appropriate licence (AM being the minimum, although a B car licence automatically qualifies that). Driving without a licence is a criminal offence.



Only if or when a golf buggy has gone through the testing and registration process, and is registered and displaying the number plate, and if the vehicle is insured and the driver has the appropriate licence, can the golf buggy be considered road-legal and allowed to drive on the road. There are other requirements for driving once you reach this point.



And, to clarify another point, in golf courses which operate behind gates or in enclosed areas, the same rules apply if the area is open to the public, and so golf buggies which are not licenced and registered are also not even permitted on these roads within the enclosed golf complex in that case.



Finally, to answer questions raised about one of the golf courses on the Orihuela Costa, where the golf course is divided by a public road, so the fenced off course is on both sides, you are not permitted to cross the road from one side to the other, which includes on the pedestrian crossing, as this is still on the road and is a crossing for pedestrians only. Most of the golf buggies are neither road-worthy vehicles, nor pedestrians, and so they are restricted to operating exclusively on one side of that golf course or the other, not crossing between the two.

### Tinted Windows: The Rules in Spain

As summer approaches, there is often a temptation to consider window tinting for your vehicle, which does help to make the interior cooler in the sun, but there are strict standards which you must abide by in Spain for vehicle window tinting.



In brief, the front windows, which are the windscreen and side windows at the front of the vehicle, cannot have window tints fitted. The rear windows, including the back and those in the rear of the saloon, may be tinted, but must comply with strict rules.



If the vehicle has light tinting on the glass as part of the manufacturing process, this is already acceptable as the tint would have gone through the testing and compliance process already.



By definition, tinted windows are created when dark sheets that are glued onto the original glass of the vehicle so that they provide a shade for the occupants from sunlight, whilst providing some privacy.



There are benefits to the process, not only because of the shade provided, but tinted windows which have had the laminate provided also offer extra protection from shattering, as the glued laminate often keeps the glass together. They also offer protection from UV rays and create a cooler atmosphere inside the vehicle, as well as the additional privacy.



When it comes to approval during the mandatory vehicle inspection, the legal requirements are very clear. The vehicle must have a certificate provided by the manufacturer of the laminate that must be completed by the installer.



Another prerequisite for the test is that all car window laminates are properly sealed on the windows, in other words, there must be no bubbling, cracking, or peeling of the tint.



The reason is that if the laminate or tinting becomes damaged, then it reduces the visibility through the windows.



Can you tell which picture in the gallery is not allowed in Spain?

### Stop Means Stop!

It is one of the most easily identifiable road signs, with a unique design because of the importance of acting correctly, and yet, the octagonal red sign with a white border is also one of the most ignored, because it is quite common for drivers to slow down and creep past the sign, despite the wording it displays, to reinforce the notion that stop means stop.



The sign is recognised across many countries, sometimes with the word stop in the national language, but the shape makes it distinctive. Under the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, alternatives are allowed, a red circle with a red inverted triangle with either a white or yellow background, and a black or dark blue STOP. Some countries may also use other types, such as Japan's inverted red triangle stop sign, but whatever the shape, the rules are the same, stop means stop.



In Spain, there are now cameras monitoring many of these signs, in addition to the monitoring by the Guardia Civil and police, as well as the drones from the DGT, and if you are seen to not stop, you can expect a fine, as the reason the instruction is issued is to ensure you stop at a junction or other point where closer observations and caution must be made in the interests of safety.



The most common action which causes risks is a habit of treating a stop sign the same as a give way, where vehicles may proceed without stopping if the way is clear, but stop means stop, and so that it what you must do.



Two questions which often come up is whether there is a set time you must stop for, and if you have to activate the handbrake, the answer to both questions being no, however, if you are on a two-wheeled vehicle, you must place one foot on the ground, at least, to ensure your stability.



The correct course of action is to slow down until the vehicle comes to a complete stop at the stop line or stop sign. If this line or sign is further back from the junction, we must stop and then resume driving slowly to approach the intersection, always giving way to other vehicles traveling on that road.



Finally, to demonstrate the point, you might be interested in an old story from the UK, which, for the avoidance of doubts or complaints, is not true, but it does give an explanation. In the story, a traffic police officer pulls a car over because the driver failed to stop at the stop sign. In his defence, the driver stated that he slowed down. The police officer then took out his truncheon and began hitting the driver, stating, “now, would you like me to slow down or stop?”

### Magnetic Endoscopic Capsule: A Revolution in Digestive Diagnosis

Magnetic Endoscopic Capsule: A New Digestive Diagnosis Without Sedation



The magnetic endoscopic capsule enables the exploration of the digestive tract without invasive procedures. Discover its advantages, functionality, and diagnostic accuracy.



A Technological Innovation in Digestive Endoscopy



The magnetic endoscopic capsule is a cutting-edge technological innovation in digestive endoscopy, exclusively available at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital. This pill-sized device is swallowed by the patient and captures high-resolution images of the stomach and small intestine without the need for inserting a tube through the mouth or rectum.



According to Dr Gerardo Blanco, a digestive system specialist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, “this technology allows for a targeted examination thanks to external magnetic control, which enhances the quality and accuracy of the diagnosis.”



Differences from Conventional Endoscopy and Traditional Capsule Endoscopy



Compared to conventional endoscopy, the magnetic endoscopic capsule offers a far less invasive experience, as it does not require sedation or the insertion of an endoscope.



Unlike traditional capsule endoscopy, which moves passively through the intestine with natural peristalsis, the magnetic version can be guided externally, allowing for a more precise and detailed examination of areas of interest.



Diseases That Can Be Diagnosed with This Technology



This device is essential for detecting conditions such as:



● Gastric ulcer● Gastritis● Oesophagitis● Gastric and intestinal polyps● Inflammatory bowel disease● Gastric and small intestine tumours● Digestive bleeding



According to Dr Blanco, this technology is particularly beneficial for patients at risk of digestive bleeding or those who cannot or do not wish to undergo traditional endoscopy.



Precision of the Images Obtained



The images captured by the magnetic endoscopic capsule are comparable to those of conventional endoscopy. However, the ability to control the capsule’s direction in real-time allows for a more thorough examination of specific areas, optimising the diagnosis.



Technological Advantages Over Other Methods



The main benefits of the magnetic endoscopic capsule include:



● Non-invasive exploration, ensuring patient comfort.● No need for sedation, reducing risks associated with anaesthesia.● Greater convenience, allowing patients to resume their daily routine immediately after ingestion.● Fewer complications compared to traditional endoscopy.



Dr Blanco emphasises that “this is an ideal alternative for high-risk patients or those who cannot or do not wish to undergo invasive procedures.”



Patient Process: Before, During, and After the Procedure



Before the procedure, fasting for 6 to 8 hours is required to improve the visibility of digestive structures. In some cases, medication may be administered to reduce gastric secretions.



During the procedure, the patient swallows the capsule with a glass of water. An external magnetic system allows the doctor to guide the capsule inside the stomach and capture real-time images. The patient then carries a portable recorder to store images while going about their daily activities.



After the procedure, the capsule is naturally excreted through the stool within 24 to 48 hours of ingestion.



Ideal Candidates for This Method



The magnetic endoscopic capsule is particularly suitable for:



● Individuals at high risk for invasive procedures.● Patients with contraindications for sedation.● Those who do not wish to undergo a conventional gastroscopy.● Preventive diagnosis of conditions such as tumours or polyps.



The magnetic endoscopic capsule represents a revolution in digestive diagnosis, offering a safer, more comfortable, and highly accurate option for detecting a range of gastrointestinal diseases.



Thanks to its advanced technology and non-invasive nature, it stands out as an ideal alternative for patients seeking a diagnostic solution without the discomfort of traditional endoscopy.



Find out more about the magnetic endoscopic capsule.

### Over Half a Million Euro Compensation Awarded Following Electric Scooter Crash

In an historic award for compensation following a traffic collision of this type, a demand for a record compensation amount of 545,000 euro has been levied by the courts to a man from Illescas in Toledo following a collision whilst riding an electric scooter.



The figure is intended to cover both the victim's personal and property damage.



This case has not only drastically changed the victim´s life but has also become a "legal benchmark" for the protection of personal mobility vehicle users in Spain, explains his lawyer, Abelardo Moreno.



"This issue highlights a growing problem: the increase in accidents associated with the use of electric scooters, which has become a focus of attention due to the severity of the injuries caused and the urgent need to implement regulatory measures," he says.



"It opens the debate on the need to establish clear regulations that minimise risks and protect both the users of these vehicles and the rest of the public," the lawyer says.



The accident occurred on June 6, 2022, on a street in the town as the victim was heading to work on his scooter. A van, reversing out of a parking space without noticing him, violently struck him.



Despite wearing a helmet, the impact caused severe head trauma that required emergency surgery, months of hospitalisation, and a lengthy rehabilitation process. As a result, he faces permanent physical and cognitive effects that have limited his ability to work and lead a normal life.



His family waged an intense battle against the van's insurance company, demanding liability for the damages. The defence argued that the driver's actions were negligent and a factor in the accident.



The case further highlights the need for insurance for electric scooters, as insurance held by the scooter rider would better facilitate compensation in the event that an incident was not the fault of the rider, and provide a certain amount of legal protection, and it also highlights, as well as the need for legislative changes, the need for tactics to try to minimise the risk, such as high visibility clothing and lighting, helmet use, and a greater need for special awareness for all road users.

### How Traffic Fine Discounts Work

Holders of Spanish driving licences have a benefit over foreign drivers, in that traffic fines can be paid online, rather than at the roadside, but even better than that, with prompt payment, you can get a 50% discount on the fine, although there are conditions.



The majority of traffic fines in Spain issued by the DGT are automatic, with new cameras able to monitor the road, record infractions, and start the process of sending the fine to the registered vehicle keeper.



20 Days to Pay



If you receive a fine through the post, and you acknowledge that the fine is from the DGT and that it is your responsibility, you have a voluntary period of 20 calendar days from when you received the notification to pay, or appeal if you do not agree with the sanction.



If you pay the fine during the voluntary period, you benefit from a 50% reduction, although you do then waive the right to appeal it as you have accepted responsibility.



Any appeal or claim you submit after paying the fine during the voluntary period will have no effect. By filing an appeal, you lose the right to the 50% discount, so if your appeal is rejected, you will have to pay 100% of the fine.



Not all fines can benefit from the discount however, the majority of regular sanctions do.



After 20 Days



Once the voluntary period of 20 days has elapsed, if you have not paid or appealed, your fine will be processed through what is known as the ordinary procedure:



This ordinary period gives you a period of 45 days after you receive the notification (so an additional 25 days) to make the payment of the fine. In this case you will have to pay 100% of the amount.



During this ordinary period, it will not be possible to make objections. Only in the event that there is an error in the complaint, you may file an extraordinary appeal for review.



Once the 45-day period has elapsed since the notification of the sanction, if you have not paid, the fine will be sent to the State Agency for Tax Administration, which will be responsible for collecting it with a 20% surcharge.



Request a Refund of a Fine



If there has been an error when making the payment, for example you were entitled to a reduction but it has not been applied or there is a duplication in the payment, you can request a refund of the penalty amount.

### Nine out of ten cases of blindness caused by glaucoma could be prevented through annual check-ups

This condition, which affects 6% of the population, is associated with other visual disorders such as high-degree myopia and hyperopia.



Those most at risk of developing the disease include individuals over 60, people with a family history of glaucoma, and individuals of Black or Asian descent.




Glaucoma is a silent disease that leads to blindness. However, 90% of blindness cases caused by glaucoma could be prevented with regular check-ups. According to Dr Alfredo Marchena, a glaucoma specialist at the Ophthalmology Unit at Quirónsalud Elche and Gran Alacant, “From the age of 40, regular eye examinations are crucial to slowing the progression of the disease, as it presents no symptoms. If there is a family history of glaucoma, early screenings become essential.”



Despite medical advances, many people remain unaware that they have glaucoma. “In most cases,” explains Dr Marchena, “patients are unaware of the disease until they have already lost a significant portion of their visual field. Furthermore, this loss of vision is irreversible, which is why early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma are vital.”



This condition, which affects 6% of the population, is linked to other visual disorders such as high-degree myopia and hyperopia. “It is also associated with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes,” adds the specialist.



People at the highest risk of developing the disease include those over 60, individuals with a family history of glaucoma, and people of Black or Asian descent. Additionally, those with high myopia or a history of other eye diseases are also at increased risk.



How to prevent glaucoma



From the age of 40, it is important to undergo a comprehensive eye examination every one to two years. If eye pressure is reduced in the early stages of glaucoma, the progression of the disease can be halted, helping to preserve vision.



The test to detect glaucoma is called tonometry, which measures intraocular pressure. “It is a quick, simple, and painless test that helps identify individuals at risk of glaucomatous damage, as elevated intraocular pressure is the most significant risk factor for developing this disease, which can lead to blindness if not treated in time,” explains the specialist at Quirónsalud Elche and Gran Alacant.



Advanced Ophthalmology Service



The Ophthalmology Service at Quirónsalud Elche and Quirónsalud Gran Alacant aims to provide the most effective and advanced medical care and surgical treatments for visual health. Equipped with the latest technology for diagnosing and treating a wide range of eye conditions, the service offers cutting-edge innovations such as multifocal and extended-range intraocular lens implants for cataract surgery, laser therapy for glaucoma, micropulse laser treatment for retinal conditions, state-of-the-art laser surgery for myopia and astigmatism, and visual therapy for both children and adults.

### Prepare Yourself for the Clock Change

It´s that time of year again when we are about to spring forward into a new season, with the clocks going forward at the weekend.



In the early hours of Sunday 30 March in Spain, the clocks must be advanced one hour at 2:00 a.m., reflecting the new time of 3:00 a.m., which will mean that we will be able to make more use of the daylight hour during summer.



However, although many people might look forward to those warmer and brighter days, as we make the change in time in our routines, it can cause imbalances in our body, such as fatigue, sleep or distractions, which can have a significant impact on road safety, as they call all affect how we drive.



Some of the symptoms that can affect daily driving can appear for three to four days after the change because the pace of life remains the same even if the hours do not match. If you are prone to migraines or stress, be especially careful when driving the car, because you may be more sensitive to having episodes of pain.



It is important to follow a more or less stable schedule of meals and hours of sleep, always resting the recommended eight hours. Regarding diet, avoiding caffeine will help not to disrupt the body more. Especially if you plan to go on a trip in the next few days.



Drowsiness and Driving



Drowsiness at the wheel is related to a large number of traffic incidents, with daytime sleepiness the leading cause in 30% of these, especially in the professional sector. Drivers who present a high risk of incidents due to sleep are mainly drivers who work shifts, young people, those with sleep-related illnesses and those who drive under the influence of alcohol and / or drugs.



The most important alterations produced by drowsiness and affecting driving are: increased reaction time; less concentration and more distractions; slower decision making and more mistakes; motor, sensory and perceptual disturbances; more automated movements; appearance of micro-dreams; behaviour changes.



According to the First Report on Occupational Road Safety in Spain, prepared by the Royal Automobile Club of Spain (RACE), in collaboration with GAD3, employed workers think that stress (72%), as well as fatigue (67%) and mobile phone use (66%) are the main reasons for incidents. Self-employed workers coincide in the first two factors (83% in both), while long working hours are in third place (73%).

### Who Can Issue Traffic Fines in Spain?

Depending on the road and the type of infraction, the authority responsible for fining you may change. To process a fine, you must always contact the agency that imposed it.



In Spain, the competent authorities to impose sanctions in traffic matters are:




The Dirección General de Tráfico (General Directorate of Traffic).



Town halls.



Autonomous Communities with powers: Catalonia, through the Servicio Catalán de Tráfico (Catalan Traffic Service), the Dirección de Tráfico del País Vasco (Basque Country), and Navarre.




Each of these bodies manages its own sanctions files.



Who should I contact?



When paying, claiming, or filing an objection to a fine, you must always contact the agency that fined you, so it is important to first check who issued the fine.



If the fine is from the DGT, you can pay online, but make sure you go to the correct and secure DGT website, at dgt.es.



If it is from a town hall or Autonomous Community, go directly to these entities. There they will inform you of the means you have to obtain information, pay the fine, or file an objection or appeal.



The powers to fine you vary depending on where the offence takes place and the type of offence committed.



Who can report me?




Guardia Civil



Dirección General de Tráfico



Catalonia: Mossos d'Esquadra



Basque Country: Ertzaintza



Navarre: Policía Foral Navarra




On interurban roads and where there is no local police, as well as the reporting and sanctioning of violations of traffic regulations on said roads and in relation to the technical conditions of vehicles and Compulsory Insurance.




Local police officers




They have the authority to regulate and control traffic on urban roads under their ownership, as well as to monitor them by means of their own agents, to report violations committed on said roads and to sanction them when not expressly assigned to another Administration.

### Voiceovers Wanted

The N332 team are currently looking for a couple of volunteers to help with a project they are developing, the first phase of which will launch at the end of this month, N332 Radio.







Specifically, at this time, female voiceover artists are needed who are able to record a few short audio clips.



Your location doesn´t matter, nor does age, so long as you can send the files by email or Dropbox. They specifically need female voices initially, but males will be called for soon.



If you are interested and intrigued enough, please email your details and a short clip, or combine the two, and send it to news@n332.es

### The Rain in Spain…

Although in many parts of Spain there hasn´t been much respite from rain, for many areas we are about to start one of the two wettest periods of the year, which is therefore worth visiting our tips for driving in rain.




https://youtu.be/wg4eI01n1QQ?si=MdmrBzYP_ydACaNr




Firstly, before setting off, defog the windows fully. It is neither acceptable nor safe to just clear a small part of the windscreen to continue, all windows should be fully clear.



In the rain, the car windows tend to fog up due to the humidity and the difference in temperature between the outside and the inside of the car. This condensation prevents correct visibility.



The rear windows have an anti-fog system in all cars and the newest ones can also incorporate it in the windshield. In addition, there are also anti- fog treatments that can be applied to the glass.



If we do not have this technology, we can always defog the windscreen using ventilation: simply direct the air to the glass, selecting this position on the dial so that it comes out through the dashboard grilles. This air must always be hot (heating).



Turn on the lights. Given that visibility drops significantly in the rain, it is vital to be seen by other cars. In this way, when it rains, the DGT recommends driving with the dipped headlights activated. Daytime running lights may not be enough. And in case of particularly heavy rain, the front fog lights might even be needed.



Increase the safety distance. On wet roads, grip is reduced, so the braking distance increases. Thus, the DGT recommends leaving twice the distance than usual with the vehicle in front of us to avoid impacts. You might remember the two-second rule, always allow 2 seconds distance between you and the vehicle in front, which can be checked by counting when the vehicle in front passes a fixed point on the road and allowing at least 2 seconds before you reach the same point. It wet weather, this distance should be at least doubled, and so 4 seconds would be the minimum.



Smooth ride. In the rain, it is essential to avoid sudden manoeuvres: swerves, braking or strong acceleration should be avoided. Thus, we must brake and accelerate progressively, treating the pedal with care.



Reduce speed. The higher the speed, the greater the risk of aquaplaning, since it will be more difficult for the tyre to dislodge the water. But in general, given that grip is reduced, and braking distance is increased, the ideal thing to do in the rain is to drive slower.



Moreover, driving at a higher speed produces more erratic disturbances in the aerodynamic flow, which creates more “spray” behind your vehicle, making visibility more difficult for others.



In addition, a high speed favours the tunnel effect, which reduces peripheral vision, which is a dangerous combination if it is also raining since visibility is reduced.



Avoid puddles and pools of water. Asphalt does not always dislodge water correctly, in addition to the fact that if there are irregularities in the surface, puddles or pools with accumulated water can form. In these areas, the risk of aquaplaning is higher. Of course, you must be careful not to deviate into a dangerous path when avoiding puddles of water, such as an adjoining lane, or even oncoming traffic.



If you come across a large body of water, as far as possible, the ideal is to avoid driving through it. But if there is no choice, it should be done as slowly as possible and trying to cross it with all wheels. However, if the body of water is deep, or even if you cannot be certain of the depth, do not drive through it. As little as an eggcup amount of water can damage the engine and you could become stranded in the water.



If you suddenly find yourself in the middle of a sudden deluge, the best thing to do is to stop the car. Extremely heavy rain can cause zero visibility from our vehicle, and also for others on the road.

### Traffic Update for Spain from Friday 14 March 2025

A holiday weekend for some, with celebrations around St Patrick´s Day which is on Monday, and Father´s Day in Spain on Wednesday, the roads of Spain might be a little busier than usual.







Weekend



Generally speaking, there are two major problems on the road at this time of year, the first being weekends when we get a lot of people coming from the towns and the cities towards coastal and leisure areas.



So, the general flow of traffic seems to be flowing from the towns or cities on a Friday evening and Saturday morning towards these areas and returning on a Sunday evening.



The Weather



The second complication at this time of year is, of course, of weather. You're really, really, really need to check the weather before you set off on any long journey, because the weather conditions can change.



In a very short distance in high inland areas there might be snow or ice packs. In some areas there might be rain and in others there might of course be wind.



You can always check the website AEMET, which is the Spanish Met Office, or the DGT for traffic advice and there's links to both of these on the front page of the N332 website.



Father´s Day



As well as that on Wednesday the 19th of March it is Father's Day in Spain, which is one of the most important national holidays. So, a lot of celebrations will be taking place around that, with families gathering together and going for meals and also in some areas going towards the cemeteries and other places, so that will be a particularly busy day both before and after and in some places during as well.



Remember always check the traffic conditions on the DGT website before you set off and the link is on our website N332.es



St Patrick´s Day



This weekend, sees the Saint Patrick's Day celebrations around the globe and in Spain it's no different, with many communities coming together when everybody is Irish for the day, and of course, we want you to have a fantastic time if you celebrating, but of course, we want you to stay safe, so remember, if you are going to celebrate Saint Patrick's Day at any time before, during or after, leave the car at home, use public transport or a dedicated driver, anything other than driving.



Enjoy it, make the most of it, but don't drink and drive.

### Law to Protect Minors from Alcohol Reaches Major Milestone

The Council of Ministers approved this Tuesday the draft Law on Underage Drinking, a legislative initiative that seeks to create a comprehensive framework to protect the health of young people and promote responsible alcohol consumption in society. This text, which was previously presented to the Council of Ministers on July 30 and submitted for public hearing and information in August, establishes obligations for public administrations in the areas of education, health, culture, sports, research, road safety, and the workplace and family.



At the press conference held after the Council of Ministers, the Minister of Health, Mónica García, welcomed this new step in the passage of the Law on Alcohol and Minors, which must now begin its parliamentary process in order to achieve the political consensus necessary for its approval. "We have given the green light to a bill that is as urgent as it is necessary. Furthermore, it is groundbreaking legislation, as for the first time we have national legislation to comprehensively address the prevention of underage alcohol consumption."



"We need to banish from our imagination the deeply rooted idea that moderate consumption may have some health benefits, as there is a wealth of research that confirms this is not true."



García emphasised that the initiative stems from the concern generated by this area and is "a social demand from citizens." In this sense, the Ministry of Health bases the urgency of rethinking the current regulatory framework on scientific certainty and worrying data such as that revealed by the State Survey on Drug Use in Secondary Education in Spain (ESTUDES), which indicates that in 2023, 75.9% of school students reported having consumed alcohol at some point in their lives; 73.6% in the last year; and 56.6% in the last month. "Many of them claim to have almost unrestricted access to alcohol, despite the current restrictions," she noted.



The health official noted that this law was supported by the Health Commission of the Congress of Deputies, held in 2018, where, "with the unanimous support of all parties," an expert report was approved that served as the basis for this legislative project. "Its objectives are clear: to prevent underage alcohol consumption and protect them from its effects, create safe and healthy environments for children and adolescents, and provide effective tools for sectors that work with minors to promote healthy habits," she emphasised.



"We know that alcohol consumption affects young people's brain development and performance in school, and it also increases the risk of addiction in adulthood."



Likewise, García stated that "the scientific evidence is clear: there is no safe amount of alcohol that doesn't have a negative impact on health." "We must banish from our imagination the deeply rooted idea that moderate consumption may have some health benefits, as there is a wealth of research that confirms this is not true," the minister insisted, citing recent reports from the Carlos III Health Institute and the WHO.



Furthermore, the ministerial official emphasised, "we know that alcohol consumption affects young people's brain development and their performance in education, and it also creates a greater risk of addiction in adulthood." Along these lines, García asserted that this law has a "comprehensive, public health approach and is a commitment to families, teachers, healthcare workers, and young people themselves," she concluded.



MAIN RESTRICTIONS



The Bill prohibits the consumption of alcohol for all persons in preschool, primary, compulsory secondary, high school, vocational training, and special education centres; in child protection centres and student residences that admit minors; in other centres for minors or those intended for their use; and in sports centres, leisure centres, or spaces dedicated to public performances when there are sessions specifically designed for minors.



It regulates the sale of alcohol to protect minors, prohibiting street and unlicenced sales on public roads and in other places and circumstances established by another state or regional law or municipal ordinance. The automatic dispensing of alcoholic beverages will require vending machines to incorporate effective technical mechanisms, with direct supervision and custody, that prevent their acquisition by minors. Furthermore, they may not be installed on public roads or in places where the sale or consumption of alcoholic beverages is prohibited.



Advertising or commercial communications may not use the image or voice of persons under 21 years of age or of legal age when they appear in the character or disguise of minors.



Limit the display and access to alcoholic beverages in self-service establishments. This must be limited to a specific space within the establishment itself, separate from spaces with products specifically intended for minors. In establishments primarily dedicated to the sale of products for minors, alcoholic beverages and other imitation products may not be sold, nor may they be displayed in shop windows or inside, even if they are empty.



It limits advertising and commercial communications, prohibiting any direct, indirect, or covert form of advertising for alcoholic beverages or products that simulate being alcoholic beverages, including the trade name, company name, symbols, or trademarks of the individuals or companies producing said beverages, directed at minors. Furthermore, the image or voice of the following may not be used in advertising or commercial communications: persons under 21 years of age; persons of legal age when presented in the character or disguise of minors; persons or characters, real or fictional, whose public relevance or popularity is linked to the minor population; pregnant women, even if they have given their consent; or the image of a foetus.



The Ministry has announced the penalties stipulated in the draft of the future law, which range from economic sanctions of 60 to 600,000 euro, administrative sanctions for companies, or closure of offending businesses.



Likewise, regarding advertising language, arguments, styles, typography, or designs associated with the culture of minors may not be used, nor may alcoholic beverages be linked to the improvement of physical performance, social, or sexual success. Misleading or ambiguous terms that could easily confuse minors may not be used. Likewise, advertising may not be placed on public roads or in places visible from them. Advertising, limited to the trade name, corporate name, and identifying brands or symbols of the producing companies, may be permitted within a perimeter 200 linear metres from access to areas frequented by minors.

### Basic Safety Rules for VMPs

Technical Requirements of the Vehicle



The DGT has developed a Manual of characteristics of personal mobility vehicles. All new VMPs must carry a circulation certificate to guarantee minimum safety requirements.



It is mandatory for the VMP to have:




Braking system



Acoustic warning device (buzzer)



Front and rear lights and reflective devices




It is also recommended:




The use of a helmet, even when the municipal ordinance does not consider it mandatory



Civil liability insurance






























Violations and Associated Sanctions



Driving an electric scooter under the influence of alcohol or other drugs can lead to a fine of between €500 and €1,000 depending on the alcohol level, or €1,000 if drugs are involved. In the event of a positive result, the vehicle will also be immobilised, as is the case with other vehicles.



For using a mobile phone while riding a scooter or any other communication device, the fine will be €200.



For those who wear headphones, drive at night without lighting or reflective clothing, or if they do not wear a helmet, if the municipal ordinance contemplates this measure as mandatory, the fine will be €200.



VMP Maintenance



The electric scooter requires regular maintenance with the corresponding checks. It is not recommended to use it if it has broken parts, if the battery life has decreased considerably, if there are air leaks in the tyres or signs of wear, or when there are noises when turning or other abnormal symptoms. In these cases, go to a workshop.



You should also check the condition and pressure of the wheels if they have an inner tube. Use a damp cloth to clean them, avoiding electrical areas. Never charge them overnight, as they may overheat and catch fire. Charging should be done before the battery is completely discharged and never if the scooter is wet or humid.

### The Importance of Seat Belts in Saving Lives

Seat belts, and the equivalent for children, collectively referred to as SRI in Spain, which stands for “Sistema de Retención Infantil”, are one of the most important safety devices in motor vehicles, proven over time, to SAVE LIVES, and significantly reduce the risk of suffering serious or fatal injuries in a collision.




https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NG7B9NtQ-d0




First gifted to the world by Swedish car manufacturer Volvo, the seat belt for most has become second nature when travelling in a vehicle, which is good practice as it is one of the most crucial elements for vehicle safety.



In Spain, the use of seat belts is mandatory for all vehicle occupants, whether sitting in the front or rear seats. In vehicles where the rear seat only has two seat belts, only two passengers can be carried.



However, despite their use being mandatory since 1975 in the front, 50 years, and in the rear seats since 1992, and despite the fact that the evidence overwhelmingly proves their value, there are still too many people who risk a fine of 200 euro and the loss of four points on the driving licence, and, in many cases, risk the lives of themselves and others.



That is why, once again, as part of the ROADPOL (European Traffic Police) campaign, the DGT, through the Guardia Civil, assisted by local and regional police in many areas, are carrying out a campaign all this week which focuses on seat belt and SRI use.



Studies have shown that wearing a seat belt reduces the risk of death in a collision by more than 70% and significantly decreases the chance of serious injury.



According to current data, more than 90% of drivers wear seat belts, although this percentage drops to 80% for rear seat passengers. But it is also true that there are between 10% and 20% of people who do not wear a seat belt.



Surprisingly, this figure is even higher among drivers of vans and commercial vehicles on national roads, where a large number of incidents actually occur, and where fatalities and injuries are increasing.



Current regulations establish that all occupants of a vehicle, regardless of whether they are driving or not, as well as whether they are in the front or back of the car, must wear a seat belt.



It is also important that the seat belt is worn correctly, and snuggly against the body, maximising the effectiveness of the three anchor points. Failure to do so also constitutes an offence due to the dangers of phenomena such as the “submarine effect”.



Having anything on your lap, such as a child or pet, not only reduces the effectiveness of the seat belt, it poses an extreme risk to all concerned. One seat, one person, one seat belt.



In addition, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has recommended fastening rear seat belts even if there are no passengers, because, they say, if makes the rear seats more secure in the event of an impact and can help to prevent items stored in the boot from moving forward.

### Enjoy Paddy’s Day but LEAVE THE CAR AT HOME!

Paddy’s Day is a great time to party and celebrate, when everyone is Irish, and are welcomed into a fun packed world of community focus, but if you are planning to celebrate with a drink or three, please leave the car at home!



Alcohol and driving are a deadly combination. Not only for those who consume alcohol, but also for the many innocent people who are impacted by the decisions of those who choose to drink and drive.



Even the smallest amount of alcohol can impact the ability to drive safely, and as the effects tend to increase over the period in which alcohol is consumed, the detrimental impact on our ability is not always immediately apparent.



We are often asked “what is the alcohol limit in Spain?”, and whereas there is a limit which we will explain shortly, the truthful answer is that it doesn’t matter what the limit is, because when we tell you, it is guaranteed that you will not be able to calculate correctly what that actually means in terms of how much you can drink, especially as it differs for every single person. So, the only safe limit is zero.



Don’t believe us? Well, currently, the maximum permitted alcohol levels in Spain for general drivers is 0,25mg/l in breath, 0,5g/l in blood. For professional drivers it is 0,15mg/l in air and 0,3g/l in blood, and for those under 18 the level is zero. So now you know the official maximum limits, challenge yourself to calculate what that actually means. How many beers can you have? How many glasses of wine? There are guides, but, as we mentioned, they differ from person to person, and so, the only safe level is zero.



The figures relating to alcohol and driving speak for themselves, as more than half of drivers who died on the roads tested positive for alcohol, drugs or other prohibited substances while driving during the last year recorded, also confirming that between 30 and 50 percent of all fatal incidents are now directly linked to alcohol consumption while driving in Spain.



That is why Spain is set to enforce a near-zero limit on all drivers. It was determined that an actual zero rate was not enforceable, as a small amount of alcohol could be consumed unknowingly, such as in food, for example.



Very shortly, the maximum alcohol level allowed while driving in Spain will drop from the current 0.5 g/l of alcohol in the blood to just 0.2 grams, and from the current 0.25 g/l in expired air to 0.1 g/l in expired air, amongst the lowest in Europe.



However, although that is set to change soon, it is no excuse to try and push the boundaries now, as we must reiterate, the only safe level is zero.



Amongst the most recent data, it is shown that 543 drivers were detected every day behind the wheel after having consumed alcohol and/or drugs, the majority of them (89.3%) in preventive controls and the rest due to violations, incidents or for presenting symptoms. Another important fact is that the majority of drivers who died last year with positive toxicological results were men (90%) compared to women (9.7%).



Enjoy St Patrick’s Day, enjoy being Irish for at least the day, but please enjoy responsibly, leave the car at home, and remember that the only safe level is zero.

### What is DGT 3.0?

With the necessary hype around the new connected emergency lights, you may have wondered what the “connected” element refers to. In simple terms, when activated, the emergency lights send an alert to a central computer, which has software to facilitate various informative services, in order to warn other road users of a potential problem.



The system is officially called “DGT 3.0”, the DGT's connected vehicle platform that facilitates the interconnection of all the actors that form part of the mobility ecosystem to offer real-time traffic information to road users at all times, thus enabling safer and smarter mobility.



The General Directorate of Traffic has been working for years with the aim of reducing the number of incidents and deaths on our roads. In recent years, progress has been made in various areas, from collaboration with other Administrations in improving infrastructure, adoption of new speed limits and measures that influence road users to be more aware of risk factors.



However, incidents continue to occur that could be avoided if road users (motorists, motorcyclists, cyclists, pedestrians, etc.) had the necessary tools to be aware of the dangers they encounter on their journey in real time, thus minimising the risk of an incident by having sufficient information in advance to make a decision compatible with their own road safety and that of other road users.



This objective is achieved with  DGT 3.0,  which is the  connected vehicle platform of the Directorate General of Traffic, which facilitates the interconnection of all the actors that form part of the  mobility ecosystem - vehicle manufacturers, navigation service providers, mobility applications, city councils, public transport platforms, fleet management systems, etc. - to  offer real-time traffic information to  road users at all times, thus enabling safer and smarter mobility.



In this way, an intermediate platform of Internet of Things (IOT) technology is offered between the actors and the end user, who makes use of the traffic routes, and who will be connected anonymously both to provide valuable information to the connected community, and to consume it with the aim of detecting and being notified of dangerous situations that occur during the exercise of our mobility.



DGT 3.0 is a unique, free and accurate access point for real-time information on what is happening on roads and urban streets, information of great value for the entire mobility ecosystem, contributing to a safer, more comfortable and efficient travel experience.



What information can a driver receive through this platform?



The DGT 3.0 platform aims to be a centraliser of homogenised, updated, and accurate information, and to cover these three aspects, a series of services have been implemented that can be used by those actors who wish to share mobility information on a selfless basis, and/or consume it free of charge to offer mobility services to end users.



Some of the systems are still in the development stage, or yet to be fully adopted, and we now know that the V-16 emergency light is connected, but as the system implementation develops, we will also be able to see the location of roadside assistance vehicles, as well as warnings of construction zones and road works, Low Emission Zones, and sporting events, as well as parking lots, busses which are stopped, cyclists, and even emergency service vehicles approaching.

### Staying Safe on a Scooter

Officially classed as “Personal Mobility Vehicles” (Vehículos de Movilidad Personal or VMP), the most common version is the electric scooter, or escooter, and so we tend to refer to them as scooters for simplicity.



In technical terms, in Spain, a VMP is a vehicle with one or more wheels, able to carry a single person, and powered exclusively by electric motors, with a maximum design speed of between 6 and 25 km/h.



They can only be equipped with a seat or saddle if they are equipped with a self-balancing system. This definition excludes vehicles for people with reduced mobility.



It is important to not the letter “V” in VMP, “Vehiculo”, or vehicle, as that is precisely what these transport devices are, vehicles, and, therefore, when used on the road they are subject to the same regulations as all other vehicles, with a number of additions.



Before driving, it is important to know the rules that personal mobility vehicle users must comply with when travelling in urban areas and to do so safely. On interurban roads, roads connecting towns, their use is prohibited.



Their drivers are subject to the same maximum alcohol levels permitted by the Road Safety Act, as well as the prohibition of driving under the influence of drugs. For those under 18, the alcohol limit is zero, for those over 18, as with other vehicles, the limit is set to become far stricter soon.



You are also not allowed to wear headphones or use a mobile phone or any other device while driving.



The recent Traffic Law establishes the obligation for drivers of VMPs to use a protective helmet, in the terms determined by regulation. The DGT is already working on this regulatory development jointly with the municipalities and the actors involved.



VMPs are prohibited from travelling on pavements, pedestrian areas, pedestrian crossings, motorways, dual carriageways, interurban roads or tunnels in urban areas. The authorised roads for circulation will be indicated by a municipal ordinance. If there is no ordinance, circulation is permitted on any urban road.



The speed of that these vehicles can travel at must be between 6 and 25 km/h. This is the characteristic of the vehicle, not just during the operation.



Each Municipal Council can regulate, in a specific way, the circulation of VMPs (including electric scooters), so you must check the regulations in your local area for specifics.

### Looking Out for Speed Cameras

Nobody want to get a speeding fine, but the simple solution to avoiding one, is to adhere to the rules of the road, and not exceed the speed limit. It is also worth noting that speed cameras are generally installed in areas which have seen a higher number of incidents, and potential fatalities, and so these devices are intended as much as a precautionary measure, and they are for fining people, as the financial burden only applies to those who don’t heed that warning, putting themselves, and others, at risk.



It must also be noted that a speed camera is not only to protect a short distance on the road, but the entire span, with modern cameras monitoring both sides, and some along a considerable distance, so braking when you see one, which in itself is an offence, will not necessarily relieve you of that financial penalty. Modern cameras also monitor more than just speed, including mobile phone use and seat belts.



Love them or hate them, speed cameras save lives, and despite that, there are a few people who take it upon themselves to cause them damage, thus putting more lives at risk. That is why the penalties for causing damage to these devices are so severe. But, if the risk of a financial sanction doesn’t quell these drivers, the risk of criminal proceedings also seems to evade them.



Now, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has launched an investigation to identify and arrest those responsible for the recent wave of vandalism of radars on several conventional roads in the country. Seven devices have been sabotaged on different conventional roads in four autonomous communities. Two of them on roads in the Community of Madrid, two in Castilla-La Mancha, two in Castilla y León and one in the Valencian Community.







The damage to these radars not only represents a serious economic loss to the perpetrators, but also constitutes a crime of damage under the Criminal Code. Vandalism against radars is covered by articles 263 to 267 of the Criminal Code.



Specifically, Article 263.2 establishes an aggravated type of crime of damage, which is committed when these characteristics occur, “when the damage is intended to prevent the free exercise of authority or is carried out as a consequence of actions carried out by the authority in the exercise of its functions”.



The penalties provided for in this article for offenders who damage radars may range from 1 to 3 years in prison, in addition to fines ranging from 12 to 24 months.



In addition to the criminal consequences, the perpetrators will have to bear the financial cost of the damage. According to the DGT, the value of each fixed radar amounts to approximately 67,000 euro, while the section radars cost around 66,000 euro.



Vandalism against radars can also be classified under Article 267 of the Criminal Code. It provides that “damage caused by gross negligence in an amount exceeding 80,000 euro shall be punished with a fine of three to nine months, depending on the importance of the damage.”



Faced with this wave of vandalism, the DGT does not intend to sit idly by in the affected areas and is actively searching for those responsible. To stop this wave of attacks, the Guardia Civil has intensified surveillance in the areas where the radars are installed. In addition, security cameras have been installed that are connected in real time to the DGT Management Centres. Now, any attempt at sabotage will be detected instantly and the police will respond immediately by sending patrols to the scene of the incident.

### How Health and Medication Can Limit Driving

Recreational drugs not only pose a risk to a person’s health, but they are also a significant risk to both the user and others if that user gets behind the wheel of a vehicle. This is the reason why drug controls have been stepped up in recent years.



However, the problem does not only come from recreational drug users, but also often those on prescribed medication, and even some conditions and illnesses, the reason why the medical examination is so important in Spain, and the reason why you must be truthful with your doctor about your condition, seeking professional advice if you hope to drive. The doctor will determine the renewal period based on your individual condition and prognosis.



When it comes to illnesses, the DGT Traffic Department has established nine categories. The first category refers to respiratory illnesses, which range from the so-called 'sleep apnoea', which can reduce the renewal of your licence to three years. At the other extreme we have 'permanent dyspnoea at rest ', which directly prohibits its renewal.



Another category is related to neurological diseases. In this case, recent loss of consciousness will not allow you to renew your licence. As for digestive diseases, it also includes kidney transplants, which require a minimum of 6 months from the date of the operation to drive again.



Another of the diseases that are considered is epilepsy, which can limit the renewal date of your permit. Next on the list are vascular diseases. In this case, a dissection will limit the renewal to a maximum of 2 years (provided that more than 6 months have passed since the operation).



There are also restrictions related to oncological diseases or onomatological disorders, since to renew the licence, it is essential that the person does not present symptoms or is not under treatment.



There is also a list of psychiatric conditions that may make driving impossible, such as dementia, anxiety disorders, ADHD, depression, sleep disorders, OCD, or addiction to alcohol and other substances.



In addition, there are certain endocrine conditions that can prevent obtaining the permit, such as hypothyroidism or diabetes treated with insulin. Likewise, cardiac problems such as arrhythmias, a history of heart attacks or the use of devices such as pacemakers and defibrillators are included.



Finally, degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, ALS, osteoporosis, Parkinson's, arthritis, or muscular dystrophy are also among the causes of disqualification.



As for medication, one indicator is the presence of a warning triangle containing a pictogram of a car printed on the box. But, in any event, you should always check with the doctor or pharmacist before driving, as it is common for seemingly innocent people to fail the drugs test at the roadside.



It is crucial you are truthful with the doctors as the reason behind these restrictions is not to make your life more difficult, but rather to make it safer for everyone through closer monitoring.

### Driving on Motorways in Spain

In Spain there are 15,500 kilometres of motorways (autopistas and autovías) which account for 80% of all annual kilometres travelled and around 25% of all deaths and serious injuries in road traffic collisions. In 2023, the last year for which complete figures are available, 345 people died and 964 were seriously injured in incidents that occurred on these roads.



Designed to be a more sterile environment than secondary roads, vehicles are able to drive at higher speeds due to the longer and wider layout, and although autopistas and autovías are technically different, they have very similar characteristics, with both directions of traffic separated by a central reservation, and practically identical traffic rules.







Never Exceed the Speed Limit



Respecting the maximum speed limit is essential. In 2023, there were 135 deaths and almost 400 serious injuries in road exits on motorways and dual carriageways, a type of incident directly linked to speeding and distractions: at 120 km/h, the maximum legal limit allowed for cars and motorcycles among other vehicles, it may take up to 150 metres to stop the vehicle. Buses and trucks have lower limits (100 and 90 km/h respectively). And mopeds, vehicles for people with reduced mobility and animal-drawn vehicles are prohibited from entering, as they do not reach the appropriate speeds. The speed limit does vary at times, such as passing through cities, for example, and so it is still important to monitor the signs and signals closely.



Allow Vehicles to Join Safely



Vehicles travelling on motorways have priority over those merging. But the law also establishes the obligation to facilitate merging whenever possible and safe, in order to make traffic safer and more fluid, by changing to the left lane, looking and signalling first, if it is unoccupied or simply lifting the foot off the accelerator pedal for a few seconds. To do this, observation and anticipation are essential.







Joining and Leaving a Motorway



When joining a motorway use the lane to accelerate to match the speed of the vehicles on the main carriageway so as not to hinder the flow when joining. When leaving, use the exit lane to reduce your speed. Always looking and indicating any move.







Drive on the Right



It is essential to comply with this rule on motorways: drive in the right-hand lane and use the rest for overtaking. This could avoid many dangerous situations resulting from unnecessary lane changes or overtaking on the right. The normal driving lane is the right-hand lane.







Maintain a Safe Distance



It is one of the most important and least respected rules of driving. All you have to do is observe the gaps between vehicles that many drivers leave on the road. At 120 km/h, two to three seconds of separation between vehicles is necessary - counting 1001, 1002, 1003... from a fixed point - to drive without risk of collision if, for example, an unexpected braking or sudden stop were to occur.







Reversing is Prohibited



Reversing, U-turns, stopping and parking are completely prohibited on these roads and should only be done in designated areas (exits, rest areas and service areas). If you miss your exit, carry on and leave at the next one.



Pedestrians are Not Allowed



Pedestrians are prohibited from accessing and walking on motorways. In 2023, 57 pedestrians died and 47 were hospitalised as a result of being run over on motorways, including drivers who got out of their vehicles in an emergency. For this reason, the use of warning triangles in no longer mandatory on motorways.



Motorway Emergencies



When an emergency requires driving at less than 60 km/h on a motorway, you must leave the road as soon as possible using the first exit, in order not to become a danger to others: a stopped vehicle, even on the hard shoulder, poses a potential risk of collision for other vehicles. If your car says 'enough' and cannot continue moving, stop on the right-hand hard shoulder, signal your position with the hazard lights and the V-16 signal, and place the passengers in a safe place off the road whenever possible.

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital Kicks Off Its 25th Anniversary with the Inauguration of the Bell of Dreams

Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital has officially launched the commemorative activities for its 25th anniversary with an emotional and meaningful event: the inauguration of the Bell of Dreams, a symbol of hope for oncology patients. This ceremony, held in the hospital’s oncology ward, serves as a prelude to World Cancer Day, observed on 4th February, and was attended by healthcare professionals, representatives of patient associations, and families.



Dr Carlos Yago, Medical Director of Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, was present at the event and emphasised the importance of these symbolic gestures in "reminding patients that it is possible to overcome the disease. The Bell of Dreams represents the strength, hope and resilience that define oncology patients."



Alongside him, Nuria Armengol, Director of Nursing, highlighted the fundamental role of the nursing team in providing emotional support throughout the oncology process. Also speaking at the event were Victoria Meneses, President of Afecáncer, and Manoli Flores, President of the Alicante Association for the Fight Against Cancer, both of whom agreed on the importance of initiatives such as this in raising awareness and providing community support for patients.



Dr Joseba Rebollo, a specialist in Medical Oncology, also underscored the significance of this moment, stating, "More and more patients are able to ring the Bell of Dreams because treatments are becoming increasingly effective, and science is advancing at a promising pace." The ceremony concluded with words from Dr Rosa Cañón, Head of Radiation Oncology at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, who reminded everyone that "cancer treatment is a collective effort involving patients, families, healthcare professionals and society as a whole. Together, we are stronger in the fight against this disease."



The most emotional moment of the day was the first ringing of the bell, led by Esther, a six-year-old girl who has overcome cancer. Her gesture filled everyone with hope and emotion, symbolising victory over the disease and sending a powerful message of strength to those still undergoing treatment.



The event was attended by members of both patient associations, professionals from the hospital’s oncology platform, and representatives of the medical teams. It marked the beginning of a year full of commemorative activities to celebrate 25 years of commitment to health and life at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital.







Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital Celebrates 25 Years of Commitment to Health



This year, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital celebrates its 25th anniversary, consolidating its position as a leading healthcare provider in the region. To mark the occasion, the hospital has designed a year-long programme of activities, which commenced today with the inauguration of the Bell of Dreams.



Throughout the year, the hospital will launch various initiatives to highlight its history and strong connection with the community. These will include the installation of a commemorative mosaic, showcasing the hospital’s key milestones, and a photographic exhibition dedicated to patients who have overcome cancer, sharing their stories and recognising the vital role of healthcare professionals in their recovery.



Medical education and the promotion of healthy habits will also play a key role in the anniversary celebrations. As part of this effort, the hospital will launch a podcast, featuring its specialists, who will share valuable health insights with the public in a clear and accessible manner. Additionally, the hospital will host a charity run, where participants will contribute steps for a worthwhile cause.



The anniversary programme will culminate in October with a special commemorative event, bringing together patients, families, professionals and partners to celebrate this significant milestone.

### More Roundabout Confusion from Facebook

It was brought to our attention this week that an English language internet publication had posted a graphic representation of how to use a two-lane roundabout, claiming that it is the Spanish way, and asking for follower feedback.



It is fair to say that the Facebook post served the purpose, to get people to interact with the post and increase their profile, but it subsequently resulted in a lot of confusion and questions coming to us, because the information posted was FALSE!



This kind of false representation to obtain clicks and interaction is extremely dangerous if it is accepted at face value, and so, as usual, we must point out the need to rely on only trusted sources of information.



The image posted was a two-lane roundabout, with text in English, but it originated from the other side of the Atlantic Ocean, a considerable way from Spain.



Although the graphic (which we have chosen not to share to avoid further confusion) may well be correct in the country of origin, it is not correct for Spain, nor has there been any change to the rules regarding driving on roundabouts in Spain. We have included a picture, with accompanying arrows, which shows the correct path according to Spanish Traffic Law.



When traversing a roundabout in Spain, we must remember three basic rules:




A roundabout is just like any normal road.



On a normal road, we drive on the right, the normal driving lane being the right-hand lane.



And, as per the text in the legislation, we must always exit the roundabout from the right-hand lane (unless signs tell us otherwise).




How to exit a roundabout in Spain.



The physical profile of roundabouts is starting to change, but the rules remain the same.




Always exit the roundabout from the right-hand lane.

### Stress and Driving

For some people, the act of driving can be a stressful process, for others, general stresses can have a negative effect that they don´t always realise, because, as stress becomes an increasingly common problem for society as a whole, the consequences can lead to extreme risks when on the road, and a higher probability of an incident.



On the one hand, the stress you suffer due to your life circumstances will influence your driving style, directly impacting accident rates, on the other, the traffic system itself contains many elements that are a source of stress in themselves, such as traffic jams on the way to work.



Stress will therefore become a relatively common occurrence in our cities and on our roads. This is worrying, because stress alters the skills necessary for safe driving (especially your behaviour in traffic) and dangerously increases the risk.



What is stress?



Stress is a normal psychological process that occurs when a strong demand is presented and you do not know how to respond to it in a clear and appropriate manner. If you could respond to that demand immediately and effectively, the situation would be successfully resolved and the negative consequences associated with stress would not occur.



However, if you are unable to respond quickly and effectively, your body will put into action a general emergency mechanism. The bodily changes that this mechanism produces are what you probably know as stress (although you can see that they are actually just one part of the process). In this way, your body tries to prepare itself to face any type of problematic situation.



From the above we can conclude that a certain level of stress is necessary to successfully overcome many situations. However, if the alarm response becomes too intense or is prolonged for a long time, stress can go from being an adaptive mechanism to being a serious health problem.



In traffic situations, displays of stress are often unhelpful, counterproductive and increase safety risks.



For example, if you find yourself stuck in a traffic jam and you are in a hurry, you may develop a stress response: your blood pressure, heart rate and muscle tone will increase. However, none of this will help you get out of the jam, but it can easily make the perception of the situation worse, and lead to impulsive or aggressive behaviour.



How does stress affect driving?



The stress process is divided into three phases: alarm reaction, resistance phase and exhaustion phase. Each of these affects driving in a certain way, although in general the most prominent are changes in your behaviour: aggressiveness, hostility, competitiveness, impatience, impulsiveness, less caution, reckless behaviour, and less respect for the rules.



Alarm reaction



In this first stage, your body mobilises a large amount of energy and adapts to cope with the situation that has triggered the stress:



Your body prepares to exert maximum muscle strength and speed. For example, adrenaline and blood glucose levels rise, and heart rate, blood pressure, muscle tone and breathing increase.



Your mind prepares itself to better process the most relevant information. For example, you focus your attention directly on the stressor, ignoring any other type of information in the environment. This is why perception, attention, memory, and decision-making are altered.



In principle, all these resources should not have any negative effects on driving, since your body is alert and ready to act. However, let's not forget that the stress response is not the most appropriate for traffic situations.



Therefore, a series of maladaptive and dangerous driving behaviours may appear in this first stage of stress.



Effects:



Your behaviour may be more competitive, aggressive, or hostile, which may lead to provocations towards other drivers.



You may react with impatience and impulsiveness, which makes you tend to increase speed and make serious mistakes in decision-making, in addition to decreasing your ability to anticipate traffic events.



You may act more recklessly or even foolhardily, which is accompanied by a lower perception of risk and a higher tolerance for it.



You will have less respect for traffic regulations and coexistence in traffic.



Resistance phase



Your body cannot remain in a state of alarm for too long. If the stressful situation continues, there will come a time when your body will have to combine the demands of the source of stress with all other bodily functions and daily activities.



As a result, the physical and psychological responses to stress continue, although less intensely than in the first phase. The result is excessive wear and tear, with many of the health problems characteristic of stress appearing at this stage, such as headaches or digestive disorders. Driving at this stage can also be dangerous.



Effects:



The same alterations that we discussed for the alarm phase may appear, although perhaps with less intensity: aggressiveness, hostility, competitiveness, impatience, impulsiveness, less caution, reckless behaviour, and less respect for traffic regulations.



It is also common to observe a lower tolerance for frustration, which is why any small setback that occurs in the traffic environment can upset you more than you would expect.



Exhaustion phase



If the situation that causes stress continues for a long time, you will end up feeling deeply exhausted. It is at this point that many of the problems of stress will manifest themselves, seriously altering your quality of life and frequently causing social, family and work problems:



The immune system is weakened, which increases the risk of contracting infectious diseases.



Changes in the circulatory system end up increasing the chances of suffering some type of cardiac disorder, especially a heart attack.



Digestive disorders are common, including ulcers.



Pain, especially muscle pain, and migraines are common.



Sleep disorders appear, including difficulties in falling asleep.



Fatigue appears very quickly and is very intense, which seriously affects performance in any type of task.



In addition, at a cognitive level, mood swings (for example, sadness), irritability, aggression, impulsiveness, difficulty concentrating and frequent forgetfulness, among many others, are often experienced.



In relation to driving vehicles, it is important to highlight that during this last stage of exhaustion the body experiences a clear deterioration in performance, so that driving can become very dangerous.



Effects:



Your decisions will be much slower and you will make many more mistakes, which could sometimes be serious and fatal.



You'll find it especially difficult to keep your attention on traffic, so you're more likely to be distracted.



The onset of fatigue is increased, so even short driving periods represent a clear risk.



You may experience severe mood swings, which may lead to aggressive, hostile, or impulsive behaviour.



You are more likely to act recklessly because you tolerate a higher level of risk.



You may show less respect for traffic rules and coexistence in traffic.



External factors to driving that generate stress



Stress occurs when a person perceives a situation as a threat, a challenge, or some kind of loss or harm. Each person experiences stress differently and in different situations.



There are some situations that are generally associated with high levels of stress for most people. These situations can have serious effects on your driving behaviour, so it is important that you know what the main ones are:



Sudden or frequent changes in lifestyle or work: moving house, marriage, birth of a child, separation or divorce, death of a close family member, starting a new job or being fired, among many others.



Work overload, especially if the work is precision-related or requires a lot of concentration.



Self-demand, setting excessively high goals, maintaining a fast-paced lifestyle, excessive competitiveness in the environment or frustrating situations.



Excessive or annoying environmental stimulation, such as high traffic density situations, very noisy environments, loud music, noise, etc.



Situations in which the integrity or safety of the person is at risk, such as incidents or numerous traffic events.



Among these situations that are generally stressful, the so-called life stressors stand out for their high frequency and their relationship with traffic. These types of stressors imply important changes in people's lives and have a great impact on a psychological level, such as the death of a loved one, a divorce, serious financial problems, or dismissals, among many others. Various studies have shown that:



Many drivers who have suffered an incident had been through or were currently experiencing one of these particularly stressful life situations in the previous months.



The greater the number and intensity of these life stressors, the greater the severity of the accidents.



The likelihood of suffering an incident is greater the more intense the stress experienced, the more stressful situations occur or the less time has elapsed since they occurred.



Driving factors that cause stress



In addition to the influence of stress produced outside the traffic environment on the driver, there is a clear relationship between the driving situations themselves and the appearance of this dangerous syndrome.



Many characteristics of traffic and driving conditions are already a source of stress in themselves, which will significantly affect your ability to drive safely. Traffic often involves risks to people's lives, driving is often under time pressure, driving occurs in an environment that can be annoying, and many tense situations are repeated frequently. All of this makes traffic situations a common source of stress for many people.



How to mitigate the effects of stress while driving



When faced with stress, the best solution is always to avoid driving as much as possible and to seek professional help. This will minimise the duration and intensity of the stressful period and teach you techniques to prevent it from happening again in the future.



In short, if you are experiencing significant effects of stress, you should drive with special caution. During the most critical phase of stress, you should avoid driving your vehicle as much as possible (especially if you are taking medication). However, if driving is essential, do so with extreme caution and try not to let driving situations cause you more stress.



The official DGT recommendations:



Get into the habit of getting up with enough time, not just at the right time, to calmly deal with any unexpected events on the way to work (whether in traffic or at home).



Try to get the necessary hours of sleep, following the recommendations for proper sleep hygiene.



Don't set yourself unattainable goals and prioritise your needs. Carry out tasks one after the other, always planning time to rest, and always keep in mind that your resources are limited. Also learn to relax at the right times.



Perform relaxing activities on a regular basis: from massages, a simple bath or weekend getaways, to more specific and sophisticated relaxation techniques.



Avoid alcohol, tobacco, other drugs, or medications. Be especially careful with stimulants such as coffee or tea.



Listen to relaxing music when you are driving and find yourself in a particularly stressful situation.



Maintain a healthy lifestyle: a balanced diet and regular exercise are always recommended practices to keep your body prepared for any challenge and to relieve stress.



Before you go on a trip, leave with enough time to deal with unexpected events, take breaks as often as necessary and never set a fixed arrival time.

### International Use of the V-16 Warning Light and Triangles Explained

From 1 January 2026, warning triangles will no longer be usable on the roads of Spain, having to be replaced by a flashing warning light, the V-16 hazard pre-signalling device, which have already been introduced in the country during a phasing in period.



Right now, you can opt to use either warning triangles, or the V-16, except on motorways where triangles are no longer used, but from the end of this year you must replace the triangles with a V-16, and we recommend you purchase a “connected” version now, as they are the only type that will be permitted in the future.



In fact, Spain is the first country to mandate the use of these devices, as a means of improving safety during a breakdown or incident, but that poses two questions, what happens when Spanish vehicles leave Spain, and what happens when foreign vehicles are driving in the country?



Although the Geneva Convention does not contemplate any common standard for situations where vehicles are immobilised on the roads, the Convention establishes the characteristics of the warning device, detailing requirements of the “triangle”, but also goes on to say that “any other device of equal effectiveness prescribed by the legislation of the country in which the vehicle is registered” is also accepted.



Spanish Registered Vehicles in Other Countries



In the regulatory note issued by Spain’s Ministry of the Interior, it explains that, “Any vehicle registered in Spain that is in “international circulation” through another country that is a signatory to the 1949 Convention on Road Traffic or the 1968 Convention on Road Traffic will be complying with the regulations by carrying, or if necessary, using the new V-16 luminous and connected hazard pre-signalling device without the need to be equipped with pre-signalling triangles”.



Foreign Registered Vehicles Driving in Spain



In the regulatory note, it is explained that “Taking as a reference the provisions of the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic of 8 November 1968, those vehicles that are registered in other countries and that circulate in Spain in “international circulation” situations, are considered to be in compliance with the regulations if they carry, or if necessary, use warning triangles or any other device with similar functionality implemented in the regulations of the country of origin”.



If your country of origin doesn’t use such a device, or does not subscribe to the Convention, you will need to purchase a device before your arrival in any country which does.

### The Road to Zero Alcohol is Ahead

The figures are dramatic. More than half of drivers who died on the roads tested positive for alcohol, drugs or other prohibited substances while driving during the last year recorded, also confirming that between 30 and 50 percent of all fatal incidents are now directly linked to alcohol consumption while driving in Spain.



Although the 2024 figures are still considered provisional, as more deaths might still be recorded, no less than 1,154 people did not return home to their loved ones, having lost their lives as a consequence.



Faced with this reality, which has already been described as “unacceptable” by the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, the Government has decided to cut to the chase and introduce new policies against alcohol which, in practice, we could almost say seek to punish all consumption, however minimal. When it comes to alcohol, the only safe level is zero.



The first line of this new policy has already been implemented and will soon be confirmed in a new law, whereas the maximum alcohol level allowed while driving in Spain will drop from the current 0.5 g/l of alcohol in the blood to just 0.2 grams, and from the current 0.25 g/l in expired air to 0.1 grams in expired air. These figures will undoubtedly be among the lowest in Europe, confirming the DGT's total commitment to eradicating this problem at the wheel.



Even though the rate is not 0.0, in practice the new rule will mean that virtually any alcohol consumption will be penalised, as the DGT also confirms according to its studies. The problem is that proposing an official rate of 0.0 can technically generate legal problems, as a minimal amount can be detected even in food cooked with alcohol, for example, which could be grounds for a sanction without representing a risk.



According to DGT graphs, just one third of a beer and a single small glass of wine could put you over the limit to be imposed in Spain, so the only guarantee in the near future of not giving a positive result in a breathalyser test will be not to drink any alcohol if you are going to drive.



And you will not “get away with it” quite so easy, as the DGT figures reveal, in 2024 alone, more than 6 million roadside checks have been confirmed throughout Spain, an absolute record for this type of test.







Moreover, it has been revealed that a new and innovative technology has been launched in Spain for detecting alcohol on the road, through new breathalysing devices that the Guardia Civil already has for controls and that do not require the driver to blow into a tube, like the traditional devices.



Initially intended for use when drivers have a medical problem that prevents them from blowing their breath, such as asthma, or even when people are injured or lying on stretchers in ambulances, these new breathalysers work by approximation, being able to detect the presence of alcohol in the air simply by exhaling normally close to it. 







Although the results may be less effective than those of traditional breathalysers, the aim is that the DGT, once the suspicion of a positive result has been confirmed, can subsequently confirm the results using traditional portable or desktop breathalysers or blood tests, which are much more precise and effective.

### More Questions About Emergency Lights

As from 1 January 2026, it will be mandatory for most vehicles to carry the V16 emergency light, which replaces the warning triangles. Warning triangles will no longer be used in Spain from that date, replaced by the emergency lights.



At the moment, during the transition period, you can use either triangles or warning lights, except on motorways where triangle us is no longer mandatory, but the clock is ticking to get a replacement, which is prompting more questions, which we will answer here.



If you activate the emergency light, do you still have to call for recovery?



YES, at the moment, the V16 is connected to the DGT3 platform, which provides information, but you still need to contact the recovery service advised by your insurance company. Modern vehicles have the SOS function, but these elements are not yet linked.



Do they need power or are they battery operated?



They are battery operated, but some are rechargeable. You should still check them periodically, much as you would a smoke alarm at home,



Do motorbikes have to carry the V16?



No, it is not mandatory for motorbikes, but as they are small and easy to carry, it is a good idea.



Do I have to buy a “connected” device?



At the moment, you can use either the basic or connected lights, but in the future only the connected version will be permitted.



Can any flashing lights be used, such as those in bazaars?



No. You need to be very careful when purchasing the V16 that the emergency light has been approved by the DGT. On the N332.es website, we have a small selection from Amazon that we have tried and recommend, and on the DGT website there is a full list of all approved devices.



Where should the V16 be placed?



When carried and not being used, you should carry the V16 in the glove box. When activated, it should be placed on the highest part of the vehicle, which is usually the roof. If this is not possible, or if the roof position would be obscured, you should place it as high as possible where it can be seen.



What happens when I activate the V16?



When you activate the connected light, it sends an alert to the DGT3 platform, and from there, a warning appears on the live traffic map of your location, and, if applicable, the matrix signs on motorways will alert drivers of your location ahead.

### Decoding the No Parking Sign

In Spain, the No Parking sign is identified as being a circular sign, with a thick red border, a background colour of dark blue, and a diagonal red line going from the top left to the bottom right.







There is also a similar sign with an additional diagonal line from top right to bottom left, thus making a cross, which indicates that stopping or waiting is also prohibited, what in the UK we would refer to as a “clearway”, but in this article we want to specifically look at the no parking sign, because it doesn’t always mean you can’t park there.







Although this seems confusing at first, the clue as to when you can or cannot park will always accompany the sign, either with clues on the circular sign itself, or on an additional plate below the sign, noting that in Spain when signs are on the same vertical pole they are related.



Nobody wants to receive a parking fine, or worse, get towed away, so here are some examples that you might see, and you can therefore avoid paying the price:







A pictogram of a wheelchair with the word “EXCEPTO”, which would mean no parking except those who qualify for disabled parking rights. That one seems quite straightforward enough.



It could say “EXCEPTO” for taxis, or VTC, buses, loading or unloading, and so on.



There could be an arrow, pointing left or right, which denotes that there is no parking to the side of the sign where the arrow points. Again, that seems fairly straight forward, but it does start to get a little more complicated now.



If it says “EXCEPTO”, it means you cannot park, unless you qualify as whatever is written, a taxi, for example, can park if it says “EXCEPTO TAXIS”. If no exceptions apply, then the text refers to when you must not park.



“LABORABLES” refers to “working” days, often accompanied by a specific timeframe.



“AMBOS LADOS” means BOTH sides.



There could be numbers, such as “1 - 15” or “16 - 31”, again sometimes accompanied by an arrow, which dictates that you must not park for the first 2 weeks of a month in the first instance, and the second two weeks in the second, or any variation of this. In one of the examples pictures you should be able to work out which half of the month the photograph was taken.



It could have vertical lines, which look like Roman numerals, of “I” or “II”, which denotes odd numbered days in the first instance, even numbered days in the second.



The sign could also be temporary, and you might not even be able to fully see it, as often a paper is affixed to it warning of when the restrictions will be in place.



The sign could also be a lot smaller than you might expect, and on a plaque, such as the VADO sign which prohibits parking outside a premises, or access, including prohibition for the property owner, a fact often not realised when people park in front of their own garage. It is not allowed.



So, now you know the rules, we have a full gallery of examples, and your homework for this week is to see if you can now decode the no parking signs. Good luck.

### The 2025 N332 Road Safety Roadshow Begins

This week, members of the N332 team started this season’s Road Safety Roadshow, the latest series of in-person talks advising of the latest changes to Spanish Traffic Law, and what to expect through 2025.





















The first talk was with an association formed of adults in Catral, on a tour that will take in close-to-home locations such as Torrevieja and the Orihuela Costa, and further afield to the likes of Albir, plus, for the first time, the team will be visiting Marbella, amongst others, as well as visiting more schools to continue the education campaign aimed at younger people.



Mark Nolan presented the talk this week, which, had been prepared by the officers from the Guardia Civil, and although covering very serious topics, ended with an element of fun games to highlight the problems of consuming alcohol before driving.



Other experts accompany the N332 team, such as Car Registrations Spain, whose professionals can advise on all aspects of vehicle importation, registration, and documentation.



There is some limited availability in March, as the tour picks up momentum, and will end in May, and will then restart in October. If you represent a group or association, you can contact N332 to see if a free talk can fit in with your schedule.

### New Rules Aim to Protect Cyclists

Despite vehicle design improving over the years, the risks to road users are still very much a considerable away from reaching the aim of zero, and so, rules and laws also have to adapt to try and force the humans behind the wheel to act more responsibly, and as part of the improvements we will see in 2025 there will be more of a focus of protecting some of the most vulnerable road users, cyclists, although these changes will no doubt not be without controversy from those surrounded by the metal protection of their vehicles.



Faced with provisional figures that in the last year, almost 50 cyclists died in Spain on interurban roads, the DGT has decided to act in 2025 to better protect these vulnerable road users and, in the process, grant them a series of privileges and preferences for use in the city over cars that will undoubtedly be the source of controversy in the coming months.



Thus, officially, the DGT is working on a draft Royal Decree to reform the General Traffic Regulations. The text will have to go through the entire legislative procedure, starting with the approval in the Council of Ministers, and might well change before reaching implementation, but the Ministry of the Interior confirms that they will come into force during this year 2025.



The proposed traffic rules that will be approved for cyclists in cities and streets will permit bicycles to ride in the middle of lanes, similar to how they currently are allowed in certain streets which are marked out for this purpose already.



In cities bicycles could also be permitted to overtake cars on the right and left, and even to ride in the opposite direction under certain conditions.



Part of this change is to ensure bicycles use the road, rather than the pavement, where their presence creates further risk to pedestrians.



When a bicycle is present in the centre of the lane, occupying the same space as other vehicles, those vehicles will have to keep a safety distance behind of at least 5 metres if the bicycle is in front of them and in the same lane.



The new regulation also seeks to promote bicycle mobility in congested and jammed environments, and the text will also allow cyclists to overtake motor vehicles on the right and left in the city without fear of being penalised for doing so.



And in the opposite direction on streets with one lane and a speed limit of 30 km/h, something which some cyclists do at the moment, albeit illegally.



Outside to cities, motor vehicles will have to take further precautions when overtaking cyclists, primarily resulting in them having to slow down.



Already, when overtaking a bicycle, a vehicle must give at least 1.5 metres lateral distance. If two or more lanes exist, the overtaking vehicle must move fully into the second lane.



In the new draft, motor vehicles must reduce their speed by at least 20 kilometres per hour to overtake. That is, on a generic conventional road with a 90 km/h limit, when overtaking a cyclist, we must always reduce your speed to no more than 70 km/h, while on a 70 km/h road we cannot exceed 50 km/h when performing this overtaking manoeuvre.



This is likely to be one of the most controversial elements of the draft, after changes which eliminated the ability to increase speed when overtaking was met with initial rejection.



Finally, there will also be changes to the rules governing the use of bicycles, as the DGT is going to remove the exceptions for the use of helmets on the road, which exempted them from wearing them, for example, on long uphill slopes, for medical reasons or in extreme heat conditions. The helmet will always be obligatory on the road for cyclists and in all circumstances, after the approval of the Royal Decree.




Shared roads have existed in other European countries for many years

### Myths and Truths about the ITV

The Technical Inspection of Vehicles (ITV) is a mandatory procedure to ensure road safety and environmental protection. However, there are many doubts among drivers about the process and its conditions, which sometimes leads to unnecessary fear and anxiety about the process.



To resolve some of the most frequently asked questions, the Spanish Association of Collaborating Entities of the Administration in the Technical Inspection of Vehicles (AECA-ITV) offers answers to common questions.



Does the ITV expire on a specific day?



The ITV has an exact expiry date which is indicated on the back of the technical inspection card or in the report of the last inspection. In addition, the expiry date can be checked through the miDGT app. The ITV sticker only shows the month and year of expiry, not the specific day. It is possible to pass the ITV up to a month before its expiry without this affecting the next inspection.



Can anyone take the vehicle to the ITV?



Yes, it is not necessary for the vehicle owner to go to the ITV station. Anyone can do so, as long as they bring the vehicle's original documents: the technical inspection card and the registration certificate, with the matching data.



Can I be fined if my ITV has expired but I already have an appointment to take it?



Yes, if the ITV has expired, you cannot drive the vehicle at all, even if you already have an appointment booked. It must be taken to the ITV station on a transporter, or “grua”. You can be fined for driving without an ITV and it poses considerable risk, which could also invalidate your insurance.



Is it mandatory to have a valid ITV if the vehicle is parked?



Yes, a vehicle parked on a public road must have a valid vehicle inspection (ITV) as it is considered a roadworthy vehicle. In order to avoid having to undergo an ITV the vehicle must be deregistered from the General Directorate of Traffic and removed from public roads.



Does carrying out the ITV after the deadline entail a surcharge?



No, there is no surcharge for carrying out the ITV after the deadline. However, traffic officers can impose a fine for driving with an expired ITV, as mentioned.



Can I pass the ITV in any autonomous community?



Yes, it is possible to carry out the ITV at any station throughout Spain, regardless of the autonomous community in which the vehicle is registered.



Can workshops carry out the ITV?



No, only the ITV stations authorised by each autonomous community are authorised to carry out inspections. Workshops can only carry out repairs and maintenance to ensure that the vehicle complies with the ITV requirements.



Remember, it is important to comply with the ITV to ensure road safety and avoid fines. In addition, driving without a valid ITV can compromise insurance coverage in the event of an incident.

### Looking Out for Animals

Collisions between vehicles and animals can prove extremely problematic. Often fatal for the animal, sometimes for the vehicle occupants, the damage can also be considerable, and in some circumstances, the vehicle’s insurance could be invalidated, especially if warnings exist, and so it is crucial to heed the signs that warn of the potential presence of animals on the road and act accordingly.







Collisions with animals can happen at any time, but they become more frequent at night, when a natural reduction in the traffic flow can lull the animals into a false sense of security and they wander unknowingly onto the road.



The DGT had already reported that in 2023 alone, up to 35,048 traffic incidents involving animals were recorded in Spain, although it is also acknowledged that the figure is a considerable underestimate as many are not reported.



Now, a pioneering system has been launched, initially by the Servei Catalá de Tránsit (SCT), the Catalan Traffic Service, that further alerts drivers to the presence of animals on the road, using a new technology that employs Artificial Intelligence to analyse in real time the images captured by the thermal cameras that are installed at strategic points on the roads.



Thus, when this new system detects the presence of animals about to invade the roads, new light panels warn drivers, activating at the same time a danger signal and announcing that they must reduce speed on that section of road. Launched in 2024 and in the testing phase, the SCT assures that this mechanism is already capable of identifying animals that are going to invade roads in areas up to 270 metres long and 60 metres wide.







Using interconnected elements that work in a coordinated manner to offer the fastest and most effective response possible, this system employs sensors that use an AI system specifically designed to analyse in real time the video images captured by the installed cameras. For now, the first devices have already been installed on roads where there is a high probability of finding animals because they are areas where fauna usually pass through.



The road that has so far started all the tests of this system in Catalonia is the N-260, on a section located in Cabanelles, in the Alt Empordá region, in Girona. The SCT chose this road because it has recorded a high number of incidents due to the presence of wild animals crossing the roads, especially horses, deer or wild boars. Since the activation of this system on December 13, 2024, the data indicate that a total of 354 animals have been detected crossing the road.







It is worth noting, once again, that drivers must head any warnings, whether dynamic like these, or fixed on signs by the roadside, as failure to do so could be a factor in any subsequent claim.

### What is Tyre Load Index and Why is it Important?

Ignoring the tyre load index can be a serious mistake. This parameter is important because it determines the maximum weight that the tyres of any vehicle can support, making it essential for safe driving.



The load index is a numerical value that indicates the maximum weight that a tyre can carry in motion. This number is established by the manufacturer and takes into account the axle of the vehicle that supports the greatest load.



For conventional cars, this index usually varies between 88 and 99, while for commercial vehicles and trucks, it can be considerably higher.



How do you read the load index?



To find and read a tyre's load index, you must follow these steps:



Location on the tyre



It is usually found next to the speed index on the sidewall of the tyre. For example, in a marking such as 155/80 R13 79T, the "79" indicates the index reference number of the maximum load that the tyre can withstand at its maximum speed.



Index table



To understand what each number means, you need to consult a standard table that associates each index with its load capacity in kilograms. A load index of 79 equates to a load capacity of around 437 kilograms.



Dunlop kindly provided a table to refer to, and we have included a few different tyres so you can see if you can work out the tyre load index for each.



Table of tyre load and speed ratings for cars and vans.



Calculation according to vehicle weight



You can use the load index to calculate the maximum total mass the vehicle can support. Multiply the load index by the number of wheels to get the total. For example, a vehicle with four wheels and an index of 79 could support up to 1,748 kilograms, which includes the weight of the vehicle and the load being carried, combining people and goods.



Selecting the correct load index



When choosing the tyre with the correct load index, consider not only the maximum load capacity that each tyre can support and the total weight of the vehicle, but also the manufacturer's recommendations. Know the weight of your vehicle both empty and with additional cargo. On large vehicles, a higher load index may be necessary to ensure safety and stability while driving. If you do not have precise information from the manufacturer, it is recommended to consult a professional to prevent risks.



The load index of your tyres plays an important role in your safety and driving efficiency. Determining the optimal index for your vehicle not only helps prevent incidents, but also improves the overall performance of the vehicle. Don't let ignorance compromise your safety: pay attention to the load index and act accordingly.

### Changes to Rules for Two-Wheeled Road Users in 2025

Traffic laws are constantly changing in an attempt to make the roads safer for all, and for the more vulnerable, it is as important to protect yourselves as much as others, and so, in 2025, we are expecting a number of new rules to be brought into force.



Bicycles



Rules are starting to work their way through the legislative process that would allow cyclists more freedom, and safety, by allowing them to ride in the centre of the lane in more locations in towns and cities and giving greater security when being overtaken outside of towns.



On interurban roads, motor vehicles will have to reduce their speed to overtake cyclists, whilst offering more distance to pass.



For their part, cyclists will have to always wear a helmet. The current exceptions will be removed.







Motorbikes



Motorcyclists, one of the most vulnerable groups on the road, will also be subject to new regulations in 2025. Among the most significant changes is the mandatory use of a full-face or modular helmet on interurban roads, as well as the use of gloves and closed footwear on all types of roads. These measures aim to minimise serious injuries in the event of incidents.







In addition, it is planned to allow motorcycles to use the hard shoulder in congestion situations, a proposal that is in the process of being approved as a royal decree. This change could improve the flow of traffic and reduce the risks associated with traffic jams.



Another new feature is the introduction of mandatory courses for those who wish to drive motorcycles with a class B licence. Currently, this permit must have been held for three years, but with the new regulations it will also be necessary to complete a course to strengthen motorcycle handling skills.



Electric Scooters



Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP), more commonly known by one of the most popular types of this vehicle, the electric scooter, are also included in the DGT reforms.







Although a lot of legislation exists, it had been largely left in the hands of local municipal councils to decide what to implement, resulting in a lot of confusion and different levels of safety being afforded around the country. From 2025, the use of helmets will be mandatory for all users, as well as the registration of these vehicles in an official registry.



Another of the measures highlighted is the establishment of a minimum age of 16 years for driving these vehicles, seeking to guarantee greater safety for both drivers and pedestrians.



Implementation



We must wait for the publication of all of these elements before being able to confirm which are to be fully implemented, or which may undergo changes before they are enforceable, but the rules are changing, and the intention, as always, is to make the roads safer for all.

### What is the DGT's plan to improve surveillance and control on the roads?

Electronic sensors, cameras, artificial intelligence (AI), data, the Internet… The DGT is already combining a whole series of technologies to improve road safety, traffic management and road surveillance and control.







Known by the acronym ITS, Intelligent Transport Services (Servicios Inteligentes de Transporte in Spanish) are part of a new strategy used by the DGT in the control of roads and streets with the aim of obtaining safer and more sustainable mobility. The use of all kinds of new information and communication technologies is becoming more widespread and the improvement of data transmission and the Internet, together with new devices and the rise of AI, is already causing a real revolution in the entire field of road safety.



With the aim of collecting as much data as possible, and in real time, instant analysis allows for better decisions to be made regarding traffic and safety, through new structures that increase traffic efficiency and also reduce polluting emissions.



As the DGT has already reported, “as the entity responsible for traffic in most of Spain, there is an army that is prepared to obtain data and transmit it. We use all available sources of information, cameras, number plate readers, data collection stations, vehicle counting stations. And even the Guardia Civil itself and 112, with which we are integrated,” says Ana Blanco, deputy assistant director of Traffic at the DGT.



All these ITS are then concentrated around the Traffic Management Centres (CGT), of which the DGT has up to 8 throughout Spain: Madrid, Seville, Zaragoza, Malaga, Valencia, Palma de Mallorca, A Coruña and Valladolid. Between them, there are now 2,628 television cameras, 2,147 data collection stations, 2,863 variable message panels, 1,003 number plate recognition systems, among thousands of other devices. In addition to these, there are up to 435 people, responsible for coordinating all the information in favour of intelligent mobility.



But what exactly is the ITS plan that the DGT has already developed?



ITS focuses on three different areas, such as road safety, traffic management, and surveillance and control.



The ITS plan in Road Safety



Developed and implemented by the DGT for junctions, conventional roads, sections with the presence of vulnerable users and crossings, it includes the following:




Automated diversion for adverse weather conditions (fog or wind).



Automated diversion in unique infrastructures due to incidents or natural disasters.



System for guiding traffic in adverse weather conditions.



Smart crossings.



Automatic detection of animals on the road.



Detection of vulnerable users on the hard shoulder.



Push buttons for activating light signals at points of special risk for pedestrian road safety.




The ITS plan in traffic management



Developed and implemented by the DGT to secure singular points, strategic deployments, areas of adverse weather conditions, and to improve the use of public transport and the expansion of coverage and creation of urban or interurban interfaces, it includes the following:




Reversible lanes.



BUS-VAO (lanes for vehicles with more than one person in) lanes.



Travel times - Smart Routing.



Automated diversion in winter road conditions.



Dynamic adaptation of speed limits.



Access control and management system on roads with exceptional traffic measures.




The ITS plan in surveillance and control



Developed and implemented by the DGT for sections with specific surveillance needs, it includes the following:




Control of speeding at fixed speed cameras.



Speeding control in sections through section radars.



Dynamic adaptation of speed limits linked to radar.



Traffic light control system for vehicles passing through red light phase.



System for controlling the correct execution of stop detection (stop signs).



Seat belt usage detection.



Sections with speed limit violation warning signs showing number plates.



Sections that display a warning after detecting non-compliance with the safety distance.

### SPEED KILLS!!!

Actually, the title of this article, “SPEED KILLS”, is not strictly true. A plane flying from Spain to the UK would exceed several hundred kilometres per hour, as would a train. It is not speed alone which kills, which is why it is more correct to say that “Inappropriate Speed Kills”.



All roads have a maximum permitted speed, often not realised is that the vast majority also have a minimum speed, and these speeds are determined by the characteristics of the road, the layout, and the environment, amongst other things.



For example, a long straight stretch of motorway outside of towns is likely to have a maximum permitted speed limit of 120 kilometres per hour. A straight stretch of road in a town definitely would not, because there would not be adequate time to react, and the environment, with people, animals, distractions, is totally different.



However, it is also important to note that whenever we talk about maximum permitted speeds, they are precisely that, a maximum, and not a target. We too must act appropriately and further reduce our speed depending on the environment, the weather, traffic, the surroundings, and so on. Speed limits are a maximum, not a target. Inappropriate speed is one of the so-called “Fatal 4”, one of the four highest contributing factors to fatalities on the roads.



Throughout recent years, both the number of vehicles and the number of journeys has been increasing. Sadly, the road to zero fatalities still seems a long way off, as the Ministry of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, in 2024 there were 1,154 fatalities on roads, and rather than reducing, this figure increased by 14 people compared to 2023.



The Minister stated that "it is unacceptable" and that "we should not and cannot accept that road mobility, an indication of the country's economic and social strength, should have such a high price". Fernando Grande-Marlaska stressed that "we are not going to sit back and do nothing".



And the next step is one continuing the trend we have seen through 2024, as the DGT officially confirms that it will install up to 122 new speed cameras, 53 new fixed measuring devices and 69 section measuring devices, adapting their distribution from now on to the new circumstances of incidents. In addition, the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil will increase their surveillance on roads with the highest incidence rates in the provinces with the highest percentages of incidents on high-capacity roads, and the Local Police will also join in with more intensified campaigns and focus within the town and city boundaries.







Although we mentioned motorways at the start of this article, their usual sterile environment allows for a faster flow of traffic, in theory, but it is here where the largest increase in fatalities has occurred, increasing by 7%.







Although not related to the road itself, another statistic of note is that the number of fatalities in vans have increased by a staggering 98%. There has of course been an increase in vans as home delivery an ecommerce takes off, but this too should not be at the expense of the lives of those who work in these vehicles, and so we can expect an increase in checks on this type of vehicle too.



With these 122 new radars, the DGT will complete a road speed control that will include some 1,325 speed cameras. Spanish roads already have 763 official fixed speed points, and 90 section radars.







We must also add the 430 mobile radars that are officially operated by agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, as well as the 11 helicopters and 23 drones that the DGT's Aerial Resources Unit also has and which are currently operational to control and sanction speeding, and to all of this we must add the countless cameras under the local authority and local police controls.



The solution… Slow down!

### A Decade Helping the Community

This year marks a decade since the N332 road safety group was launched, marking a decade helping the international community in Spain stay a little safer on the roads.







N332 was originally the brainchild of a Guardia Civil Traffic Officer posted in Torrevieja, Francisco Javier Morales, who that after years patrolling the road of the province of Alicante realised that foreign drivers often commit the same infractions and get involved in accidents because of applying regulations of their countries, which are often different from the Spanish ones.



So, with the idea of reducing the amount of traffic offences and accidents due to the lack of knowledge of the Spanish traffic law, he decided to open a Facebook page called N332, the name of the main road he patrols daily. Francisco began to post a photo with a short text in English explaining what the driver did wrong to avoid others to do it again. The news about this new page run by a police officer spread quickly among the international residents, reaching 10.000 followers in less than one year.



Many international medias were interested in interviewing the officer and this was when he met the journalist and driving instructor Mark Nolan, who after the interview decided to join this road safety project.



Together, Francisco and Mark have been visiting associations and groups of foreigners explaining the Spanish Law. In addition, they have done talks in the British schools of the Alicante and Murcia provinces to raise awareness about the use of the helmets and regulations of the e-scooters.



During all these years, Mark have published different e-books as well as a periodic e-magazine while Francisco has edited a free guide explaining the most common traffic offences committed by the international drivers when driving in Spain.



After 10 years, the page is about to reach the 300.000 followers becoming on the most popular page of the country in the English language.



For the future, the groups have plans to bring more information to more people, developing different ways of reaching the community, both in person, and in the virtual world, and across all ages.



To keep up to date, make sue you follow N332 on Facebook, and visit the website, n332.es.

### Everything You Need to Know About Rental Income Tax in Spain: January 2025 Deadline

If you're a non-resident property owner in Spain who rents out your property, there’s a few important details you need to know about your tax obligations. Whether you're earning income from short-term holiday lets or long-term rentals, the Spanish tax authorities require you to declare and pay taxes on the income generated by your property. With the filing window for rental income tax in Spain opening on 1st January 2025 and closing on 20th January 2025, you’ll need to act now to ensure you’re ready to file.



Here's what you need to know about rental income tax, how it's calculated, and how IberianTax can make the entire process simple and stress-free.



What is Rental Income Tax?



Rental income tax applies to non-residents who earn income by renting out their Spanish property. The tax rate and rules vary depending on your residency status and whether you're an EU/EEA citizen or from a non-EU country. Here’s a quick breakdown:




EU/EEA Citizens: You’re taxed at 19% of your net rental income. Expenses directly related to the rental activity (such as maintenance, utilities, and property management fees) are also deductible.



Non-EU Residents: You’re taxed at a flat rate of 24% on your gross rental income, with no allowable deductions.




Key Dates for Rental Income Tax



For income earned from renting out your property in 2024, the filing window for your rental income tax return is:




Opening Date: 1st January 2025



Closing Date: 20th January 2025




It’s crucial to file your return during this period to avoid penalties or interest on unpaid taxes. Filing late could result in fines, delays, or even tax investigations further down the line.







What You Need to File Rental Income Tax



To file your rental income tax return, you’ll need to gather the following information:




Rental Income Records: A detailed log of all rental income earned during 2024.



Allowable Expense Receipts (EU/EEA citizens only): Documentation for deductible expenses such as repairs, cleaning, utilities, and agent fees.



Cadastral Reference Number: Found on your IBI (local council tax) receipt.



Property Details: Information about your property, including its address and cadastral value.



Tenant Details: If you’re renting out long-term.




Why File Early?



Although the filing window closes on 20th January, waiting until the last minute to file your rental income tax could cause unnecessary stress. By filing early, you:




Avoid Penalties: Filing on time ensures compliance with Spanish tax laws and prevents late fees.



Ensure Accuracy: Early preparation gives you time to double-check your documents and calculations.



Plan Your Finances: Knowing how much you owe ahead of time allows for better budgeting.








Why Choose IberianTax?



Navigating Spain’s tax system as a non-resident can be confusing, but IberianTax makes it so easy. Our platform is specifically designed for non-resident property owners, offering a simple, secure, and affordable way to file your taxes.



Here’s why you should file your rental income tax with us:




Hassle-Free Process: Our user-friendly platform guides you step-by-step, ensuring accuracy and compliance with Spanish tax laws.



Affordable Pricing: Filing your taxes with IberianTax starts at just €79.95, significantly cheaper than hiring an accountant.



Expert Support: Got questions? Our dedicated support team is on hand to assist you, providing fast and reliable answers.



All Online: You can file your taxes from anywhere in the world – there’s no need to visit Spain or hire a local gestor.



Secure and Certified: Your personal data is fully encrypted, and IberianTax is certified by the Spanish tax authorities (Agencia Tributaria).




Start Preparing Today



With the deadline looming, now is the time to start filing your rental income tax return. Don’t let the stress of last-minute filing ruin your start to the new year. By choosing IberianTax, you’ll enjoy a quick and efficient tax filing experience, giving you peace of mind that your obligations are handled professionally.



Sign up for your FREE account today and enjoy stress-free filing.



IberianTax… property taxes made simple!

### Traffic Policing Without Leaving the Office!

There are a small number of people who choose to “show off” their driving “skills” by posting videos of themselves on social media performing exciting and dramatic acts, and when we say “exciting and dramatic” that is their view compared to the reality of dangerous and illegal, and there are some who post without realising that their actions might still come to the attention of the traffic police, as the Guardia Civil has a dedicated team of officers able to police the roads from their office, by using the technology to identify and bring the offenders to justice.



The Traffic Investigation and Analysis Group (GIAT) of the Traffic Division of the Guardia Civil is responsible for bringing these alleged offenders before the courts. The GIAT (which is Grupo de Investigación y Análisis del Tráfico in Spanish), is a specialised unit of the Guardia Civil that has, among other functions, the job of scanning social networks looking for possible crimes against road safety. They also analyse material sent by anonymous citizens, who are an inexhaustible source of information in a country where, according to IAB Spain (world association for communication, advertising and digital marketing), 86% of the population between 12 and 76 years old uses social networks.



“We see these types of cases very often, where young people take their father or mother’s car, often without them even knowing, and do crazy things behind the wheel. On top of that, they record themselves thinking that they won’t be recognised, or they simply don’t think about the consequences of posting such a video on social media,” explains Captain Garciamartín, head of the Central Traffic Investigation Group, based in Madrid. The reality is that, in a high percentage of cases, the offender is identified.





















Technological aids



Monitoring the content uploaded to social media every day seems, at first glance, an overwhelming task for the more than 200 GIAT specialists spread throughout Spain, “around 15 in the Central GIAT, and between 3 and 5 per province. And we don’t cover everything, because the issue of social media is only one of our missions,” admits Captain Garciamartín. Generally, the GIATs of each sector or peripheral area are in charge of possible crimes committed in their own territories, although if the evidence involves several areas or has a certain degree of complexity, it is the Central GIAT that undertakes the investigation.



To sweep social networks, GIAT technicians have technological aids. One of them is the LINCE system, a multidisciplinary online platform of the Guardia Civil with multiple functions, such as locating and managing incidents on the roads, creating periodic alerts, automatically distributing information to other systems or users via email or messaging, etc.



“If we see that there is a possible crime, we immediately open proceedings. In that case, we are already talking about investigating a person who has the right to defend themselves with a lawyer from the moment they are notified of the alleged crime of reckless driving, or speeding, proven by a recording. We make a report with the information gathered, we send it to the judge who calls the person to testify,” explains Garciamartín.



In these cases, the video is the evidence and the starting point of the investigation.



Chain of custody



Unlike most police cases, in crimes exposed on social media, the evidence, that is, the video itself, is the beginning of the investigation. “It usually doesn’t take long from the time it is uploaded until the subject, or someone close, realises that the publication could have consequences.” To certify that the evidence has been downloaded directly from the internet and has not been manipulated at any point in the investigation process, each video has a chain of custody, a record of authenticity or log that accompanies the audiovisual evidence itself throughout the investigation until it reaches the judge.



With the evidence on their computers, the GIAT members begin the investigation. “We must take into account all possible parameters to move forward. First, we must make sure that it could be a crime, and then, if possible, we must identify the possible offender,” explains Gutiérrez, an expert in forensic digital analysis at GIAT Central. “It is also essential to determine the place and date, because if the crime was recorded outside of Spain or has been so long since the statute of limitations expired, we cannot move forward.”



Once it has been confirmed that the evidence can be prosecuted, the GIAT agents begin to identify the driver. “We have several ways to find the person involved. What we know in advance is that the video is uploaded to a network, through an account, with an email address... and from there we tie up loose ends about the date, location, environment, etc. We must bear in mind that normally these are people who record the events and upload them instantly to social networks,” says Gutiérrez.



Pixel by pixel



Sometimes the video footage does not allow us to clearly see what vehicle it is or who is driving it. “We analyse the images pixel by pixel if necessary. From the details that can be seen, we try to determine the model of the car or motorcycle, and the surroundings also offer us clues. For example, if we are able to determine the road or even the stretch of road on which the vehicle is travelling, we can request OCR or LPR images (DGT cameras on the roads capable of reading number plate characters) to determine the model and the registration number. Such is the case of a speeding incident that we investigated, in which the driver was going over 200 kilometres and we were not able to find out the location until, in one of the viewings, after many enlargements, we found the kilometre point and the road,” recalls Captain Garciamartín. Even so, the driver is not identified in all cases. "If we do not have evidence of who was driving, but we are certain of what vehicle it was, the file is still sent to the judge, who calls the owner to clarify the facts."



According to the captain himself, the simplest cases are resolved in two or three weeks. However, if other tools are needed for identification, the resolution can take several months. “All cases have their complexity, but obtaining evidence of the possible crime in this type of case is priceless,” concludes Garciamartín.



Citizen collaboration



In 2023, GIAT investigators received 155 messages from citizens reporting allegedly criminal behaviour related to road safety, of which 119 were ultimately considered a crime. GIAT itself makes it clear that the information provided by any person, even from a personal email, is treated anonymously. In other words, since it is considered citizen collaboration, at no time does it imply the appearance of the informant's name in any court file. All citizens who want to report criminal behaviour, whether or not it is related to road safety, can do so through the Citizen Collaboration form on the Guardia Civil website or from the email: colabora@guardiacivil.org

### Beware of QR Code Scams

Originally launched in 1994 by Japanese company Denso Wave for labelling automobile parts, the QR code, an abbreviation of the fuller Quick Response Code name, a type of two-dimensional matrix barcode, is one of the few success stories of the Covid era, when their use became almost second nature, a practice which remains today.



However, with anything that develops to popularity, the risk of abuse and vulnerabilities grow, and they are now also being used for criminal purposes.



One such use which is increasingly growing related to traffic fines, or at least a scam pretending to be so.



First coming to light in areas of South America, Spain has this year seen an increase in fake fines left on vehicles, accompanied by a QR code in which you can find out more information and make a payment, but the QR code is used by scammers to obtain your information and use it for fraudulent means.



This is a very simple modus operandi that can catch even the most confident drivers off guard. When the victim returns to the car, they find that a sticker has been stuck on the windscreen indicating that the car was illegally parked, thus committing an offence, and a QR code is attached which states that you must access it in order to find out what his fine is.



Once inside, the fake website asks the user for certain data, including their phone number. It then sent a code to the victim via SMS and, if clicked on, the criminals took control of the smartphone and all its applications, including those of the bank.



The local police in Santa Cruz de Tenerife have warned about the scam on their social networks, stating: “If this type of card appears in your vehicle, it is recommended you do not scan the QR code since it is likely to be a fraud. This document is not official, nor should any type of validity be given to it.”



It should be remembered that in Spain traffic fines are only sent by post or by the Electronic Traffic Management Service.



It is not the only QR code scam that has become popular, it is also quite popular at electric car charging points and parking meters. Criminals stick fake codes over the authentic ones so that the driver confidently enters their bank details and can thus steal money from their account.

### Checkpoint Warnings Must Not be Shared

Throughout the year, the security services like the Guardia Civil and Police will hold checkpoints for a variety of reasons, such as traffic related campaigns focussing on alcohol and drugs, or documentation, and could be for other reasons we may not be aware of, but whatever the reason, one thing will always be true, you should never share this information with anybody, because, as the DGT themselves point out, you don’t know who you are alerting.



For many years it was common for drivers to flash their headlights to warn oncoming vehicles of the presence of a checkpoint nearby, now these warnings are sent through groups on social networks in which many drivers participate.



The sharing of this information may allow drivers to avoid radars and checkpoints, or alcohol checks, which is having a very negative impact on road safety. It may also mean that a wanted person avoids being caught, such as was the subject of a French commercial advising similar which featured a child abductor managing to evade capture as a result of a warning.



On the night of April 23, 2022, the lives of a Balearic family of five were tragically disrupted when they came across a drunk driver on a road near Llucmajor who, at the time of the incident, was three times the permitted alcohol limit. The father of the family died, while the mother and the couple's three daughters were seriously injured. The trial for this fatal incident will take place next year. These dramatic events could have been avoided if the driver in question had crossed paths with a checkpoint of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, as the vehicle would have been immediately immobilised and its driver detained.



Avoiding these controls by announcing their location is precisely the objective of the groups that have been created on social networks such as WhatsApp or Telegram, among others. The first ones began to appear in 2012, although the phenomenon grew more from 2014 when applications such as Social Drive or Waze appeared specifically dedicated to road safety. Their appearance at that time was perceived as beneficial for road safety, since they reported incidents on the roads, traffic conditions or weather. However, other types of information soon began to be incorporated: the location of traffic controls and speed cameras.



Lieutenant Colonel Antonio Hidalgo Romero, head of the ATGC in Galicia, explains that “the problem is that they see us as tax collectors, and they don’t realise that the only thing the Guardia Civil controls collect is lives. With these messages they are giving people the freedom to drink as much as they want. They feel immune because the probability of being arrested is very low.”



“When you post a message on one of these groups, you never know who you are warning because they are full of criminals, people who have committed crimes outside of road safety and it is the citizens themselves who keep them informed of police action, they do not need any more collaboration,” says the officer.



At an operational level, the way in which surveillance work is carried out has been modified. On the one hand, the so-called “express checks” have been chosen: the operation lasts only 15 minutes (previously it could last up to 2 hours) in exchange for placing it in many more places. The ATGC has also decided to play with the element of surprise by implementing “dynamic checks”, that is, a patrol stops a vehicle at random while it is driving. “This way we convey the idea that we can stop people at any time,” explains Lieutenant Colonel Hidalgo.



At the same time, legislative measures are being considered, including legal amendments. In fact, some complaints have already been filed, appealing to article 36.23 of the Citizen Security Law, which expressly prohibits “the unauthorised use of images or personal or professional data of authorities or members of the Security Forces and Corps that may endanger personal safety”. However, this approach does not seem to be sufficient to deal with this phenomenon because not all notices include images of the controls.



Therefore, plans are afoot that most likely in 2025, laws will change, following the approval of a non-legislative motion, proposed by the PSOE, in which the Government was urged to modify article 77 of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety in order to "sanction those who provide information that hinders or prevents the task of controlling non-compliance with traffic regulations."

### Seat Belts Save Lives!

We hope you never find yourself in the situation, but imagine yourself on a plane, the flight is rough, and an announcement comes over the public address system that the plane is having to make an emergency landing on water. Are you likely to heed the instruction to fasten your seat belt, and don the life vest, or refuse because it is “a bit restrictive”, or “uncomfortable”?



The answer is quite clear, and yet, every day, there are people who choose not to use a device designed specifically to save their lives, the seat belt, which, according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) is one of the main risk factors for death and serious injury in the event of a collision.



The latest provisional report for 2023 presented in March show that in 2023, 139 people who were travelling in cars and vans in Spain and who were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident died on interurban roads, 25% of the total.



In Spain, we are quite compliant with seat belt use. In April 2023, the General Directorate of Traffic confirmed this by presenting the results of the Baseline project, a European programme involving 18 countries that analysed progress in road safety by monitoring eight indicators, including seat belt use. Its conclusions ensure that, in the case of the driver and front passenger, the overall level of seat belt use in Spain is 96%, a value that is in the medium-high range among the countries participating in the project. In the rear seats, the level of use drops to 94%. Good figures, but they are not the much desired 100%. In fact, in Spain, non-compliance with seat belt use remains, today, the fifth most frequent offence. In 2022 alone, 105,996 complaints were filed in this regard according to the data available to the National Road Safety Observatory.



Why people resist wearing seat belts is one of the questions that has intrigued researchers since their creation in the last century.



Data from the National Road Safety Observatory shed some light on the profile of the “non-complier” in our country. For example, we know that users of passenger cars who were not wearing a seat belt have the highest number of deaths and hospitalised injuries, above other vehicles such as trucks or vans. We also know that the percentage of victims who do not use this device at the time of the incident increases as the age of the vehicle in which they travel increases. And that men are more likely not to wear it than women. In addition, and in line with what was detected by US research, in 2022 two out of three drivers killed on interurban roads who were not wearing a seat belt also presented at least one of these risk factors: speed, alcohol and drugs.



In 1992, Spanish regulations took a giant step forward in road safety by making the use of child restraint devices (CRS) compulsory. For children, a seat belt is not enough; they need a device that is adapted to their size. According to WHO data, the correct use of CRS can reduce road deaths among children by 71%. But for these systems to be effective, they must be chosen and used correctly. A Canadian study found that between 46 and 70% of CRS were used incorrectly, especially in children between the ages of four and eight.



Children



In our country, CRSs are mandatory for children with a height equal to or less than 135 cm and it is recommended to continue using them until they reach 150 cm. It is also advisable that they travel rear-facing as long as possible. However, in the March 2023 DGT campaign to control the use of these devices, 316 minors were detected who were travelling without the correct CRS or using it incorrectly. In 2022 alone, 8,935 complaints were filed for lack of use of adequate CRS.



What does a seat belt save you from in the event of a collision?



At 50 km/h, without a seat belt, the impact against the windscreen is equivalent to falling from the roof of a three-story building.



Travelling at 70 km/h with the seat belt unfastened, hitting the steering wheel, despite the airbag, is equivalent to being hit in the chest by a 15 kg bag, about the weight of a standard, packed suitcase, or a microwave oven, at 160 km/h.



At 80 km/h, the projection of rear seat passengers against the front seats due to not wearing their seat belts is equivalent to hitting the driver and co-pilot in the back with a 1,000 kg ball, the equivalent to a wild Asian water buffalo, or a classic VW Beetle, at 10 km/h.

### Winter and Christmas: A Challenge for Emergency Services

Prevention is key to avoiding issues arising from low temperatures or dietary changes associated with Christmas celebrations.



With the arrival of winter and the festive season, emergency services experience a significant surge in medical demand. Low temperatures, combined with celebrations and shifts in daily habits, create a perfect storm for various health issues.



From respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive illnesses to domestic accidents, this season truly tests our resilience. Specialists at the Emergency Department of Quirónsalud Torrevieja highlight the importance of "preparing adequately to minimise risks and ensure efficient care during such a demanding period."



Increase in Respiratory Diseases



Winter cold contributes to the spread of respiratory infections. Common colds, flu, and bronchitis are among the most frequent conditions treated in emergency departments. These illnesses are often more severe in older adults, young children, and people with chronic conditions. Additionally, exacerbations of illnesses like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increase during this season, partly due to sudden temperature changes and exposure to cold air.



The impact of these conditions can be mitigated with preventive strategies. According to experts, "vaccines against flu, COVID-19, and pneumococcus are key tools to protect the most vulnerable groups." They also emphasise the importance of maintaining proper hand hygiene and dressing warmly, covering the mouth and nose when outdoors.



The festive environment may pose additional challenges for individuals with respiratory allergies. Christmas decorations stored for months accumulate dust and mites, triggering allergic reactions. Artificial snow sprays and festive fragrances can also irritate airways. Cleaning decorations thoroughly and keeping indoor spaces well-ventilated are strongly recommended.



Cardiovascular Impact of Cold



The cardiovascular system is another major area affected during winter. Low temperatures can cause vasoconstriction, increasing blood pressure and the strain on the heart. This raises the risk of serious cardiovascular events, such as hypertensive emergencies, angina, or heart attacks.



Dietary changes and the emotional stress associated with family gatherings during the holidays may also contribute to complications. According to Quirónsalud Torrevieja specialists, "excessive consumption of fatty and salty foods, combined with alcohol, poses a significant risk, particularly for individuals with pre-existing conditions."



A specific type of arrhythmia, exacerbated by alcohol consumption, can affect both those with and without a history of heart disease. Although it may seem minor, it can lead to serious complications if not properly managed.



To prevent such issues, experts recommend striking a balance between enjoyment and moderation. A balanced diet, adequate hydration, and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption are essential measures for cardiovascular health during winter.



Domestic Accidents



The increased use of heaters, stoves, and fireplaces in winter raises the risk of domestic accidents. Burns, fires, and carbon monoxide poisoning are common issues treated in emergency departments. "Many incidents could be avoided with basic safety measures, such as checking the condition of heating devices, keeping flammable materials (like textiles) away from heat sources, installing smoke and carbon monoxide detectors, and ensuring proper ventilation," experts advise.



Moreover, slippery surfaces caused by rain or frost heighten the risk of falls, particularly for older adults. These falls can result in fractures, head injuries, and other serious conditions requiring immediate attention. It is crucial to wear appropriate footwear and avoid going out in adverse weather unless absolutely necessary.



Dietary Excesses



Christmas celebrations are often marked by prolonged and lavish meals, frequently leading to digestive emergencies. Indigestion, acid reflux, food poisoning, and acute pancreatitis are common issues during this period. Planning balanced menus, moderating portion sizes, and avoiding high-fat or overly spicy foods can help prevent these problems.



Food poisoning cases, caused by undercooked or improperly stored food, also tend to rise. Ensuring food is stored in optimal conditions and adhering to expiry and use-by dates are essential precautions to avoid complications.



Traffic Accidents



Alcohol consumption during festive celebrations is a major factor in traffic accidents at this time of year. These incidents not only affect those directly involved but also their families and the emergency services that manage the aftermath.



Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital has a specialised Traffic Unit designed to care for individuals involved in road accidents. This multidisciplinary service includes trauma specialists, physiotherapists, neurologists, and rehabilitation experts who work together to ensure comprehensive recovery. Additionally, no health insurance is required to access this service, making it available to all patients in need.



The Role of Prevention



While emergency services are prepared to handle any eventuality, specialists at Quirónsalud stress the importance of prevention as the first line of defence. Awareness campaigns on vaccination, dietary habits, and home safety are valuable tools to reduce the number of emergencies during winter and Christmas.



Fostering a responsible and considerate attitude among the population is also vital. This includes avoiding unnecessary excesses and proactively addressing evident risks. "Taking care of ourselves also means caring for those around us, especially during such a special time of year," conclude the experts.

### Have you Heard of the Emergency Corridor?

When emergency service vehicle drivers are responding to an incident, they adopt certain protocols to try to ensure they can get through traffic in the most efficient manner, following a standard pathway depending on the traffic flow, however their passage can be hindered if other vehicle drivers don’t understand their intentions, and that is where the so-called “emergency corridor” comes into play, whereas we all move to a safe position to facilitate their passage.



 In other words, drivers move their vehicles in a safe manner to allow a “corridor” to be opened to allow the emergency services to pass.





















How to Move Over



On a single-lane, normal road, vehicles move over to the right, where possible.



If the road consists of two lanes in one direction, drivers should move over to both sides, with those in the right lane going to the right and those in the left to their left, in such a way that they leave a central corridor of free access to allow the passage of emergency vehicles.



If there are three lanes in one direction, the two lanes to the right move right, and the vehicles in the leftmost lane moves to the left.



Changes in 2025



One issue with the development of the emergency corridor is that to date it has only been a recommendation, followed by most drivers, but not all. Those who don’t know how to react can often impede the flow of traffic. In 2025, the intention is to make this strategy mandatory, and so all drivers must know how to react, and then do so when appropriate.



“The objective of this modification is precisely to explain in a clear way how drivers should behave in these circumstances to facilitate the work of the emergency services and expedite their access to the victims of an incident,” explains Ana Blanco, the deputy director of DGT circulation.



The DGT is already announcing a new modification of article 31.3 of the General Traffic Regulations to regulate the behaviour that all drivers must adopt on motorways in emergency situations and when the cars are completely stopped or traveling very slowly, mainly due to a retention or incident.



Until now, the regulations established that priority must always be given to priority vehicles in emergency services, but without specifying the behaviour of the rest of the drivers, in other words, the law gives emergency vehicles priority now, but doesn’t explain how that priority is put into practice. This new modification will specify exactly how they have to act from now on by law.

### V is for Visibility and Vehicles

You might not realise it, but road signs are categorised in Spain, and each has a unique alphanumeric code identity, and one such code is the “V” series, which are signs displayed on vehicles.



You might have read or seen talk about such things as the V-16 emergency light, or the V-20 board for protruding loads, and it is the “V” in their identifier which groups them, but there are others in the “V” series you will know, without perhaps realising the significance of the group.



In technical terms, the special characteristics of certain vehicles require that signs be displayed in a visible place to inform other drivers of certain circumstances that may be useful when sharing space on the road. “V” signals allow us to identify a differential quality of the vehicle or its driver.



There are up to 27 signs listed in Annex XI of the General Vehicle Regulations and all of them are named with the letter V followed by a number that determines what type of information they offer. The Regulation itself establishes the characteristics that each one of them must have: dimensions, material, placement, or use, among others.



Most of these signs are on plates and refer to a distinctive quality of the vehicle that carries them. Only V-13 (novice driver) and V-15 (disabled driver) give us information about people who drive, subject to certain conditions. Both inform us that they can drive in a particular way. In the case of the latter, they also indicate certain preferences when parking.



The V-9 is used on Public Service vehicles, and when it comes to the transport of people, the V-10 sign stands out, which identifies school transports. And also, the signs that are specific to taxis, both of which are illuminated: the V-17 to indicate free and the V-18, which lights up the taximeter from the moment the fare is activated.



Another public service that has a reserved V sign is the towing service. Thus, the V-24 (road assistance service vehicle) is mandatory for those who provide these services to other drivers.



V-8 is the identifier for a foreign country in which the vehicle is registered, “UK” being a recent replacement to the “GB” stickers. For Spanish registered vehicles it is V-7, although this is not required if the number plates are of the EU standard.



A different service is provided by “accompanying vehicles”, which must be identified with the V-21 sign if they are accompanying special transport, or the V-22 sign when accompanying cyclists. Both must be placed on the top of the vehicles that perform these tasks. In addition, they may be accompanied by a V-2 sign.



The V-1 sign is reserved for priority vehicles, which you would know as blue lights and sirens, and V-3, which is on the side of the vehicles, denoting such words as “Guardia Civil”, as well as other characteristics.



We also now have the V-25, which is more commonly known as the eco sticker, or environmental badge, and the ITV sticker, officially called the V-19.



There are others, as we have said, but now you know that signs and signals may take on different forms than you might think, and even though you will see “V” signs on a regular basis, you now also know their significance.

### Non-Resident Taxes in Spain: Your Deadlines and How IberianTax Can Help

For non-resident property owners in Spain, staying on top of your tax obligations is crucial to avoid penalties and ensure compliance with Spanish tax laws. Non-resident taxes are an unavoidable part of owning property in Spain, and with upcoming deadlines fast approaching, you need to take action now to get your taxes sorted in time. Here’s everything you need to know.



What Taxes Do Non-Residents Have to Pay?



If you’re a non-resident who owns property in Spain, there are a few key taxes you’ll need to be aware of:



1. Imputed Income Tax



Even if your property isn’t rented out and is only used for personal use (or remains empty), you’re still required to pay Imputed Income Tax. This tax is calculated based on the cadastral value of your property (a value assigned by the Spanish government for tax purposes). It’s essentially a tax on the potential income the property could generate.




Deadline: For the 2023 tax year, you’ll need to file yours by 31st December 2024.




2. Rental Income Tax



If you rent out your property, either for short-term holiday lets or long-term rentals, you’re required to pay Rental Income Tax on the income earned. The rate is 24% for non-EU/EEA residents and 19% for EU/EEA residents. You can also deduct allowable expenses, such as maintenance costs or property management fees if you qualify.




Deadline: The filing window for 2024 rental income tax is from 1st to 20th January 2025.




3. Capital Gains Tax



If you’ve sold your property in Spain, or if you’re about to sell, you’ll need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you’ve made a profit from the sale. The tax rate for Capital Gains Tax is set at 19%, regardless of your residency status (EU or non-EU). You’ll need to ensure that this is paid within 4 months of the sale date.







Upcoming Deadlines for Non-Resident Taxes



With two major deadlines looming, it’s important to act quickly to avoid penalties:




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### Alcohol Limits Set to Change in 2025 – Don’t Drink and Drive

The Christmas period is one of the worst times on the roads for drivers having consumed alcohol. Whether it be the office party, the Christmas shopping spree, or just a general feeling of celebration, the temptation to drink is often greater, but getting behind the wheel of a vehicle can lead to devastating, fatal, consequences.



The current maximum permitted alcohol levels in Spain for general drivers is 0,25mg/l in breath, 0,5g/l in blood. For professional drivers it is 0,15mg/l in air and 0,3g/l in blood, and for those under 18 the level is zero. That said, it is highly recommended that we follow the lead of the level for minors, as the only safe level of alcohol consumption is zero.







We are often asked “how much alcohol can you drink without going over the limit?” To which there is no simple, definitive answer, as it varies for each individual person, and can vary due to many factors, including height and weight, and more. In general terms, having more than one small beer or more than a small glass of wine can push many people over the limit. Therefore, we echo our previous message that the only safe level is zero.



Alcohol is a danger to us medically, and is a danger when driving, one of the “fatal 4”, and despite decades trying to get the message across, there are still too many people who are not heeding it. In the summer of this year, the DGT carried out a new special week-long campaign to monitor and control alcohol and drugs. In total, 225,946 drivers were checked, of which 3,801 tested positive for alcohol and/or drugs.



This means that 543 drivers were detected every day behind the wheel after having consumed alcohol and/or drugs, the majority of them (89.3%) in preventive controls and the rest due to violations, incidents or for presenting symptoms.



Furthermore, according to the report presented last July by the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF), 53% of drivers who died in a road incident in 2023 and underwent autopsy and toxicological analysis tested positive for alcohol, drugs of abuse and psychotropic drugs, either alone or in combination.



Alcohol remained the most frequently detected substance in deceased drivers, at 32.7%, while drugs, predominantly cocaine and cannabis, appeared in 22.7% and psychotropic drugs in 15.7%.



A relevant fact is that the majority of drivers who died last year with positive toxicological results were men (90%) compared to women (9.7%).



The legislative changes have already begun in Spain to try to combat this problem through more enforcement, and in particular lowering the permitted alcohol level even further, a change likely to come into force in 2025.



The proposal of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) supported by the Government is to lower the general rate to 0.2 grams per litre of alcohol in the blood, compared to the current 0.5. That would mean, in general terms, that even one small beer or glass of wine would likely push most people over the limit, and so, aside from the allowance of residual amounts, the level would mean that you cannot drink anything and drive, thus forcing the message that the only safe amount of alcohol is zero.

### Carrying Items Outside a Vehicle

We have looked at carrying items in the vehicle, and today we are looking at carrying items outside, more notably on a roof rack, and other rules relating to the carrying of goods.



If a load is carried outside the vehicle, such as on an approved roof rack, the load must not protrude beyond the vehicle's floor plan except in the cases and under the conditions provided for in the following sections:



In vehicles intended exclusively for the transport of goods, there are specific restrictions on what and how protruding items can be carried which we will deal with another time.



In the case of other vehicles not exclusively intended for the transport of goods, in other words general passenger carrying vehicles, the load may protrude from the rear up to 10 percent of its length and, if indivisible, 15 percent.



Nothing can protrude from the front or the sides. Moreover, the items cannot protrude from within the vehicle, and so driving with the boot even partially open, for example, is not allowed. All doors, including the boot, must be securely closed for driving.



In vehicles with a width of less than 1 metre, the load must not project laterally more than 50 centimetres on either side of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. It may not project at the front end or more than 25 centimetres at the rear end.



When the load protrudes beyond the vehicle's floor plan, all appropriate precautions must be taken to avoid damage or danger and it must be protected at the protruding end to reduce the effects of possible friction or impact.



Whenever the load protrudes behind the vehicle, except for those with a width less than 1 metre, it must be marked by means of a panel (V-20) measuring 50 by 50 centimetres, painted with alternating diagonal stripes of red and white. The panel must be placed at the rear end of the load, so that it remains constantly perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle.



When the load protrudes longitudinally across the entire width of the rear of the vehicle, two V-20 marking panels shall be placed transversely, each at one end of the load or the width of the protruding material, forming an inverted V.



When the vehicle is travelling between sunset and sunrise under weather or environmental conditions that significantly reduce visibility, the load must also be marked with a red light.



Have a look at the gallery below and see if you can work out what is and is not allowed:

### Road and Traffic Forecast in Spain - Week Commencing 8 December 2024

This is the N332 Traffic Update for week commencing Sunday 8 December 2024. We are just coming out of the first holiday period of the season, with Constitution Day celebrated on Friday and the religious holiday of the Immaculate Conception on Sunday, which means the roads will still be particularly busy in places like shopping and leisure facilities, and towns and cities where holidays are celebrated.



Listen Now







General Traffic Overview



As the second holiday of the period was on Sunday, many locations have moved the holiday to the Monday, but not all. Murcia has, for example, but neighbouring Valencia has not. This is important because, as usual, there will be many people who have visited the coast and mountain areas for the weekend and will then head back inland, but depending on where they are from the return could be either Sunday or Monday, although Sunday is also likely to be the busiest day in that sense.



It also means that Monday is a none working day in many places, to the normal flow of traffic will be different to usual.  



Talking about local holidays, as well as coming out of this weekend, Totana in Murcia celebrates a local holiday on Tuesday, as does Merida in Badajoz, so it is an especially long weekend for them.



We will talk about the weather shortly, but that too has to be taken into consideration before setting off and during the journey, and we have seen snow in places already.



If you are of a superstitious nature, we have Friday the 13th this week, and a full moon on Sunday 15th, which is one of those times when everyone needs to be a little more alert!



Special Traffic Operations



There are no special traffic operations this week, but looking ahead, next week, Roadpol, the European Traffic Police Network, are coordinating their Europe-wide campaign focusing on alcohol and drugs, a problem throughout the year but more so during the festive season. Remember, the only safe level of alcohol is zero. Next year, in Spain, we will see the permitted alcohol level reduced, and it is already lower than some countries, the UK for example, but it will effectively mandate zero alcohol consumption before driving.  



Upcoming Driving in Spain Information



Amongst the articles we will be publishing on the N332 website this week, n332.es, on Tuesday we will be talking about carrying items outside the vehicle. Last week, we talked about keeping things secure inside, including the explanation as to why you can be fined for carrying your shopping on the back seat of the car. This week we move outside, most commonly referring to things like carrying bikes at the back, and the restrictions on width, but there are also restrictions relating to carrying things on the roof. This is important at this time of year because of carrying more than usual, like gifts, for example, or even perhaps the Christmas tree.



Later in the week, we do focus our attention on alcohol, both looking at the dangers, and the changes, including the reduction in the maximum permitted limit set to be introduced in Spain in 2025. Remember though, and we cannot stress this enough, the only safe limit is zero.



The Weather



Finally, let us take a quick look at the weather for the week, with information from the Spanish Met Office, Aemet, and, as mentioned, we have already seen snow in places, so it is important you check the weather conditions before you set off. On the Aemet website, there is a page dedicated to driving which shows the road conditions, it is called MeteoRuta if you want to search for it. You should also check the DGT traffic map for other restrictions and other problems, always referring to the official information.



It is important to note that if you see a blue circular sign on your journey with a pictogram of a wheel with show chains on, then snow chains are mandatory on your wheels from that point on. If you don´t have snow chains, you must not proceed. Winter tyres, if approved, are okay. Restrictions also apply, so check the N332 website, or the DGT for the full list.



Weather Overview



According to Aemet, moderate and locally heavy snowfall with significant accumulations in the Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountain range starts the week. Persistent rainfall in the eastern Cantabrian Mountain range and the Pyrenees. Strong north-westerly wind with very strong gusts in large areas of the north and northeast, central mountains and the Balearic Islands. Significant drops in temperature in large areas of the Peninsula and the Balearic Islands.



Forecast 



Deepening of storm Darragh over central Europe, together with the positioning of an anticyclone over the North Atlantic, will favour the entry of an Arctic air mass over the Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, leaving abundant cloudiness and precipitation that will affect most of the northern half of the peninsula and the Balearic Islands.



More abundant precipitation is expected and may even become persistent in the eastern Cantabrian Sea and the Pyrenees. However, snow will be the most significant phenomenon at the start of the week.



Moderate and locally heavy snowfall is expected in large areas of the northern half of the peninsula, with an altitude of 700/900 m in the northeast and 800/1000 m in the rest of the northern half. Significant accumulations are expected in the interior of the far north, especially in the Pyrenees and Cantabrian Mountain range.



In the southern half of the peninsula, partly cloudy skies will predominate, although showers are likely in Alboran. Cloudy skies in the north of the Canary Islands with probable light rainfall on the islands with higher relief and cloudy intervals in the rest.



Temperatures will experience a general and sharp drop in the Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, noticeable in large areas of the territory, with minimum temperatures occurring at the end of the day. In the Canary Islands, slight drops are also expected. As a result, frost will extend to all mountain areas in the northern and southeastern half of the Peninsula, as well as to areas of the Northern plateau and, to a lesser extent, the Southern plateau. They are expected to be severe in the Pyrenees.



Strong winds will blow from the north and northwest in the Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, reaching strong gusts in large areas of the northern and eastern thirds, as well as in the mountains of the centre and the Balearic Islands. Moderate trade winds will blow in the Canary Islands.



YouTube




https://youtu.be/JicZKdpsOR0

### Driving on Motorways in Spain

Whether setting off for a holiday break, or taking a longer than normal trip locally, it is likely that you will benefit from driving on a motorway, but it is important to realise that there are specific rules for driving on motorways in Spain, which are designed to make the roads as safe as possible for all.



Motorways, and to a slightly lesser extent, dual carriageways, are the most frequented and safest types of roads due to their largely sterile and spacious design, but high speeds require drivers to respect the rules and maintain maximum concentration to anticipate possible risks.



In Spain there are 15,500 kilometres of motorways and dual carriageways which account for 80% of all annual kilometres travelled and around 25% of all deaths and serious injuries in road incidents: in 2023, 345 people died and 964 were seriously injured in accidents that occurred on these roads.



Drive on the Right



It is essential to comply with this rule on motorways and dual carriageways: drive in the right-hand lane normally, and use the rest of the lanes only for overtaking, returning to the right-hand lane as soon as it is safe and practical.



Appropriate Speed



Respecting the maximum speed limit is essential. In 2023, there were 135 deaths and almost 400 serious injuries in road exits on motorways and dual carriageways, a type of incident directly linked to speeding and distractions: at 120 km/h, the maximum legal limit allowed for cars and motorcycles among other vehicles, it may take up to 150 metres to stop the vehicle. Buses and trucks have lower limits (100 and 90 km/h respectively).



The speed limit may be lower in areas such as passing through towns and cities, or where lanes are narrower, amongst other reasons, so it is important to watch for road signs warning and enforcing lower limits.



Mopeds, vehicles for people with reduced mobility and animal-drawn vehicles are prohibited from entering, as they do not reach the appropriate minimum speeds. Cyclists, banned from motorways, can use the hard shoulders of dual carriageways when there is no other alternative.



Allow Space and Be Considerate



It is one of the most important and least respected rules of driving. All you have to do is observe the gaps between vehicles that many drivers leave on the road. At 120 km/h, two to three seconds of separation between vehicles is necessary - counting 1001, 1002, 1003... from a fixed point - to drive without risk of collision if, for example, an unexpected braking or sudden stop were to occur. Rear-end and multiple collisions, often caused by inadequate separation between vehicles, caused 78 deaths and 273 serious injuries on motorways and dual carriageways in 2023.



Allowing adequate space also allows vehicles to join the motorway safely. Although vehicles travelling on motorways and dual carriageways have priority over those merging, the law also establishes the obligation to facilitate merging whenever possible and safe, in order to make traffic safer and more fluid, by changing to the left lane if it is unoccupied or simply lifting the foot off the accelerator pedal for a few seconds. To do this, observation and anticipation are essential.



Prohibited Moves



Reversing, U-turns, stopping and parking are completely prohibited on these roads and should only be done in designated areas (exits, rest areas and service areas). If you miss your exit, look for the next one.



Pedestrians are prohibited from accessing and walking on motorways under any circumstances. In 2023, 57 pedestrians died and 47 were hospitalised as a result of being run over on motorways and dual carriageways, including drivers who got out of their vehicles in an emergency.



Stopping on the hard should is prohibited except in an emergency.



Emergencies



When an emergency means you cannot drive above 60 km/h on a motorway, you must leave the motorway at the next available exit in order not to become a danger to others: a stopped vehicle, even on the hard shoulder, poses a potential risk of collision for other vehicles and yourself.



If your car says 'enough' and you cannot continue, stop it on the right-hand hard shoulder, signal your position with the emergency lights and the V-16 signal and place the passengers in a safe place off the road whenever possible. Warning triangles, which become totally obsolete at the end of 2025, are not mandatory on motorways, but you should use the V-16 emergency light.



Motorway Changes in 2025



Proposed changes working their way through the legislative procedure, and most likely to enter into force in 2025, include the addition to article 31.2 of the General Traffic Regulations, which will prohibit overtaking by all vehicles on motorways when certain weather conditions complicate traffic.



All vehicles will be required to exclusively use the right-hand lane, leaving the left-hand lanes, the overtaking lane, free for the exclusive use of emergency vehicles and snow ploughs.



Motorbikes will be permitted to drive on the hard shoulder, at reduced speed, in certain circumstances such as the reduced flow of traffic.

### Carrying Items in the Vehicle Safely

The Christmas holiday period is always a time worth reminding ourselves of the rules related to carrying items in the car, whether that be an abundance of presents or food, or packing for a break away, whatever we are carrying, we must do so safely.



In order to ensure the maximum possible safe conditions, everything in a vehicle must be secure. This not only includes the vehicle occupants, who must wear a seat belt, but also any items being carried, which could be anything from your weekly shopping to cargo in a freight truck, it doesn’t matter what the objects or vehicles are, the items must be secure.



According to the rules in Spain, the load transported in a vehicle, as well as the accessories used for its conditioning or protection, must be arranged and, if necessary, secured in such a way that they cannot:




Drag, fall completely or partially, or move in a dangerous manner.



Compromise the stability of the vehicle.



Produce noise, dust or other nuisances that can be avoided.



Hide lighting or light signalling devices, mandatory plates or devices and manual warnings from drivers.




In addition, the transportation of materials that produce dust or may fall must always be carried by covering them completely and effectively.



When it comes to smaller loads like shopping, for example, it should always be carried in the boot of the vehicle, never on the seats, and always secure. One of the problems with carrying shopping on the seats is that in a collision or even harsh braking, the individual items may fly forward, becoming projectiles that can seriously harm the occupants of the vehicle.



Larger items can compromise the stability or handling of the vehicle, and so must not put anybody at undue risk, and must only be carried in a suitable manner.



Have a look at the gallery and see if you can work out which pictures show activities that are not allowed:

### What is the Significance of Yellow Road Signs in Spain?

A common recurring question is what is the significance of yellow road signs? Or more specifically, what is the difference between them and their white-backed counterparts, and for many people they are assumed to be related to road works, and although that assumption is true, it is only part of their operational objective.



For the avoidance of doubt, we are talking about road signs with a yellow background that look otherwise the same as those with a white background. We commonly refer to these signs as “Circumstantial signalling”, or sometimes “Incidental signalling”.







They are used during roadworks, but not exclusively, so may appear at other times where traffic control needs to be stricter than normal, for one reason or another, but generally in the interests of safety, such as the example of roadworks where a reduced speed might be more appropriate to both ensure that vehicle traverse the changing road safer, and also offer more protection for those working in the road.

















So, what is the significance of these yellow signs other than their temporary nature?



Primarily, we need to now look at the so-called priority of road signs. In Spain, there are 5 priorities in this sense, and the higher the ranking on the list, the higher the priority.




1. Officers controlling traffic



2. Circumstantial signalling



3. Traffic lights



4. Vertical signs



5. Road markings




Here, we can see that number 1 on the list is officers controlling traffic. That is why, for example, if a police officer directs you to pass a red traffic light, or drive through an otherwise prohibited zone, you are allowed to do so on their instruction.



We can also see that the second priority is circumstantial signally, including the yellow-backed signs we are talking about, whereas vertical signs, or normal road signs, are number 4 in the list. That means that circumstantial signalling has priority over normal road signs.



In other words, to put it into context, if you are driving on a road and see a white-backed maximum speed limit sign of 80, as well as a yellow-backed sign indicating a maximum of 50, then the yellow sign takes priority and therefore the maximum permitted speed on that road will be 50.



This is also summed up in the line taken from the legislation, which translates to “When the signs are of the same type, the most restrictive one will prevail”.



Remembering, as always, that speed limit signs are maximums and not targets, and you should always drive at an appropriate speed for the road and conditions.

### Sciatica: symptoms and treatments

Sciatica, also known as lumbosciatalgia, is the name by which we commonly refer to a sharp or subacute pain that radiates from the lower back down the leg.



Associated with age and very common in pregnant women, sciatica can appear at any point of the nerve pathway, from the spine to the foot, and often follows its path from the lumbar region through the buttocks and the back of the thighs to the calves.



Why does sciatica occur?



The sciatic nerve originates in the spinal cord, from the spinal nerve roots L4, L5, S1, S2, and S3, which emerge from the spine in the lumbar and sacral region and combine to form the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region.



When these nerve roots become irritated or compressed, the clinical symptoms of sciatica or lumbosciatalgia are triggered, causing pain in the lower back and in one or both legs.



Technically, sciatica is "a medical condition that involves radiculopathy caused by an injury to the lumbar nerve roots, with the most frequently affected being L5 and S1," explains Dr. Juan Fernando Henares, head of the Pain Unit at Quirónsalud Alicante.



What are its causes? Are there risk factors associated with its appearance?



One of the main causes of sciatica is herniated disc, "which occurs when an intervertebral disc herniates or ruptures, putting pressure on the nerve roots."



Age is another common cause of this type of pain.



"As we age," Dr. Henares adds, "it is possible for the spine to experience a narrowing of the spinal canal, known as stenosis. This compression can affect the origin of the sciatic nerve.  Some age-associated degenerative diseases such as osteoarthritis also contribute to the development of low back sciatica."



Likewise, injuries to the spine from trauma or tumours can damage the spine and compress the sciatic nerve.



The same goes for Piriformis Syndrome: the piriformis muscle irritates the sciatic nerve if it becomes inflamed or too tight, producing what is called pseudosciatica (deep gluteal syndrome).



In this sense, the Quirónsalud Alicante specialist  adds that being overweight and lack of physical activity increase the risk of developing lumbosciatalgia, "by exerting additional pressure on the spine".



What are the symptoms of sciatica?



Although the symptoms of sciatica are different in each person, the most common are:




Stabbing, burning, or constant pain that radiates from the lower back into the leg, and is usually made worse by sitting for long periods of time.



Paresthesias. In other words, abnormal sensations in the affected leg, such as tingling, numbness or muscle weakness.



Loss of muscle strength that makes it hard to move the leg or lift heavy objects.




On the other hand, and although sciatica always affects the lower limbs (legs), there is a similar injury in the upper limbs called cervicobrachialgia. 



"This condition involves the neck and arms, being a cervical radiculopathy. Treatments usually require greater specialization due to the complexity of the cervical spine," concludes Dr. Henares.



What treatment options are available for sciatica?



The head of the Pain Unit at Quirónsalud Alicante explains that the approach to sciatica can be carried out from three different perspectives:




Conservative management. "It is recommended for most people with herniated discs, as up to 90% will be spontaneously 'reabsorbed'. It includes rest, medication for pain and inflammation, and physical therapy to strengthen muscles and improve mobility."





Minimally invasive management. "Percutaneous treatments for herniated disc are minimally invasive medical procedures designed to relieve the pain and symptoms caused by a herniated disc without requiring open surgery. The procedure is performed through small incisions in the skin and generally has fewer complications and shorter recovery times than traditional surgeries."





Surgical techniques. "Among them, discectomy or laminectomy, with or without instrumentation. Although effective, they carry greater surgical and anaesthetic risk".




Regarding the techniques used in the Pain Unit of Quirónsalud Alicante to treat sciatica, the specialist lists:




Epidural injections. Medication is injected directly into the epidural space, usually corticosteroids with local anaesthetic and ozone or Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP). The treatment helps reduce inflammation and relieve pain, is symptomatic and effective, and facilitates the patient's rehabilitation.





Infiltration of the nerve root or Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG). This procedure locates the nerve root causing sciatica, usually compressed by a herniated disc, and then a corticosteroid, local anaesthetic, or PRP is injected into the area. The technique is associated with neuromodulator therapies, such as pulsed radiofrequency.





Nucleoplasty. Also known as percutaneous disc decompression. It is a minimally invasive technique and indicated in patients with disc protrusions and lumbar or radicular pain. Once the needle is precisely placed on the intervertebral disc, a lesion is made with different types of energy (such as radiofrequency) to reduce pressure and relieve the patient's pain. The aim is to modify the collagen of the annulous fibrosus and ablation of the pain receptors in the area.





Intradiscal regenerative medicine. It consists of injecting stem cells (MSCs) or enriched plasma to relieve pain of disc origin. This type of therapy has been shown to improve the water content at the level of the disc and increase cell proliferation thanks to growth factors and cytokines such as PDGF, IGF-1, TGF-β and VEGF.





Intradiscal Ozone Therapy. It involves injecting a mixture of oxygen and ozone directly into the herniated disc. Ozone is thought to reduce inflammation and stimulate tissue regeneration, which can relieve pain and improve function.





Percutaneous Laser Therapy. A laser with different wavelengths (usually 980nm or 1470nm) is used to vaporize or decompress the herniated disc tissue. The procedure is performed through a small incision and has a very fast recovery time compared to surgery.




Is there a definitive treatment? What is the success rate of these interventions?



The Pain Unit at Quirónsalud Alicante focuses on minimally invasive treatments, mainly in regenerative medicine.



Some of its advantages are its anti-inflammatory power, its minimal adverse reactions or the preservation of the structure of the disc and, with it, the biomechanical stability of this anatomical segment.



"These treatments have similar success rates to open surgery (80-90%), but with fewer potential complications," explains Dr. Juan Fernando Henares.



"The literature supports the effectiveness of these techniques, which offer considerable relief and improve patients' quality of life through outpatient procedures. Each case is evaluated individually, and these approaches are prioritized before considering open surgery, which carries a higher risk and longer recovery time."



Request more information at the Quirónsalud Alicante Pain Unit

### Physical Exercise and a Balanced Diet Help COPD Patients Improve Their Quality of Life

COPD significantly impacts cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and arrhythmias.



The prevalence of COPD has decreased due to reduced smoking rates, yet its incidence remains high due to an ageing population.




To mark World Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Day, Dr Líder Espinoza Cordero, a specialist in the Pulmonology Department at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, advises COPD patients to not only avoid tobacco use but also engage in regular physical activity appropriate to their condition and maintain a balanced diet to enjoy a better quality of life.







Another crucial element is pulmonary rehabilitation, which helps alleviate symptoms. “It’s important to bear in mind,” explains Dr Espinoza, “that this therapy is indicated for any patient with chronic respiratory disease who continues to experience symptoms despite receiving appropriate pharmacological treatment.”



“COPD patients,” highlights Dr Espinoza Cordero, “often face an exacerbation of other respiratory conditions as their disease progresses, such as obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Moreover, cardiovascular diseases, including arrhythmias and heart failure, also have a significant impact on their health and require specialist monitoring.”



COPD affects approximately 10–15% of the adult population. While its prevalence has decreased due to the decline in smoking rates, its incidence remains high, driven by the ageing population, notes the specialist from Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital.



Treatment for COPD



The primary treatment for COPD is smoking cessation, followed by inhalation therapy, which mainly involves the use of bronchodilators. In specific cases, inhaled corticosteroids are added to reduce inflammation.



“In advanced stages of the disease with severe oxygen deprivation,” explains Dr Espinoza Cordero, “home oxygen therapy becomes necessary.”



Dr Espinoza also emphasises the importance of vaccination for COPD patients to prevent influenza and SARS-CoV infections, and, most importantly, pneumonia through pneumococcal vaccination.

### “The future of traffic will be shared or it will not exist”

The Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, opened a day dedicated to promoting new mobility during a conference in Madrid last week, in which he highlighted that “the future of traffic will be shared, or it will not exist”.



Navarro explained that the traffic jams that used to occur during holiday periods have now been reduced thanks to the fact that departures and returns are done in a much more staggered manner, but that the problems have now been transferred to the entrances and exits of large cities on workdays during rush hour.



Having found that 85% of the vehicles that travel from home to work and from work to home every day only have one occupant and taking into account that access to cities is already at maximum capacity, beyond seeking solutions to expand infrastructure, “we must make a collective change of mentality that allows us to encourage high vehicle occupancy, because we cannot afford to move 1,500 kg every day to transport just one person. Increasing vehicle occupancy is a challenge and a necessity.”



In his speech, the Director General of Traffic also wanted to reflect on the importance of mobility in the country's economic activity and, of course, in the urban sphere, "we have seen it with the effects of the DANA in Valencia, we see it with the forecasts of package deliveries for Black Friday or the Christmas campaign, so it is clear that the future of cities is played out in the field of mobility." "Those that know how to manage it well will attract talent and investment, and those that do not will be trapped in noise, congestion, pollution and accidents."



PUBLIC-PRIVATE COLLABORATION



The first block of the morning focused on the initiatives being developed by the DGT to promote new mobility, with special emphasis on how the use of data in a context of public-private collaboration can contribute to making mobility safer and more efficient. Marta Martínez, head of the DGT Surveillance area, explained how DGT NAP works, highlighting that real-time information on traffic and infrastructure is necessary to improve safety and ensure that accurate services reach users.



Montserrat Estaca, head of the Telematics area of ​​the DGT, also commented on how DGT 3.0 is used as an integrator of all the information provided by different public and private systems that form part of mobility.



In this regard, Edgar Camelo, Product Partnership at Google, explained how the Google Maps map is updated 50 million times a day thanks, among others, to data from the DGT, which is of crucial importance to them due to the safety and efficiency they provide to users. “We find this work commendable and by working together we will make transport more sustainable and connected.”



In addition, in this first block, Antonio Granado, director of the Southwest Traffic Management Centre, also spoke about the DGT SCADA project, a project that INDRA is developing for the Organisation and with which information will be provided to more than 10,000 units with a system that offers an infinite number of graphics and dashboards, in addition to information from the video streaming platform. All of this, as explained by María Díaz, project manager at INDRA, with special emphasis on cybersecurity with an exhaustive analysis of the risks with simulations, audits, etc.



GOOD PRACTICES IN SHARED MOBILITY



The second block of the morning focused on explaining how certain tools and good practices can contribute to the future of new mobility and also help, for example, to put two people in each car. Companies such as BlaBlaCar, Uber, Kinto Mobility and Karos Mobility were able to share their experience, both nationally and internationally, to connect people for the benefit of cities and with efficiency and road safety as objectives.



To discuss regulatory experiences in the field of Administration, the head of the Sustainable Mobility Management Service of the AMB, Mar Iglesias, the general director of Transport and Mobility of the Community of Madrid, Luis Miguel Torres, and the general director of Transport and Mobility of the Generalitat de Catalunya, Susi López, also participated in the meeting. They all shared the need to support car-sharing initiatives, regulating this sector and even turning it into a public service, to make them work and contribute to improving mobility in cities.



VEHICLE AND AUTONOMOUS DRIVING



The afternoon session, focused on vehicles and autonomous driving, will feature the participation of the Ministry of Industry and ANFAC to discuss strategies, approaches, evidence and perspectives in this area, as well as the Madrid City Council, which will provide testimony on the municipal approach and the tests that are being carried out in the city.

### Amazon Black Friday Deal on Emergency Escape Tool

Amazon is offering an emergency escape tool on offer in their Black Friday discount campaign for 2024. This glass breaker is a must-have for any emergency, as proven in the recent catastrophic floods, can be a lifesaver in the event of an emergency.



The Resqme GBO-RQMTWIN-YELLOWFLUO Window Breaker Tool, in fluorescent yellow, has been reduced for Black Friday below the recommended retail price of 12,95€ on Amazon.



Click here to go direct to the Amazon product page and check the current price, as we don´t know how long the offer is on for, but even at full price it is worth buying. We have seen the emergency glass breaker reduced to 8,47€, but you must check the live price.



You can also see more of our selection of emergency equipment in our Amazon shop on this page.



By the way, if you are in Spain and your Amazon account is in Spanish, you can now change it to English (mostly) by using the flag at the top of the desktop page, or through the hamburger menu on mobile.

### Have you heard of the Dutch Reach?

A method of opening the car door which is considered safer than traditional methods. It's called the Dutch Reach because it originated in the Netherlands but a since spread to numerous countries, including the UK, and it's something we should all really be looking at adopting.



The idea of the Dutch Reach is opening a car door by reaching over with your opposite hand to normal. The reason we do this is because it forces the body to twist and therefore allows you to look into the blind spot before opening the door.



So if you're sat in your left hand drive Spanish registered vehicle for example, and you're in the driver's seat, you use your right hand so reach with your right arm across your body to open the door on the left-hand side rather than your left hand which you might traditionally do. In doing so this means your body twists to the left and therefore is easier for you to look into your blind spot before opening the door.




https://youtu.be/8A-9RGDFGDE?si=Jeu8bE8bOyG3RBy9




Blind spots pose a big problem as many drivers don't even realise they exist. The mirrors do give some coverage behind the vehicle but not completely. Your peripheral vision is the same, it gives you some visibility but not completely. You really must turn your head and look into the areas not covered by normal vision.



Other road users should also avoid being in blind spots wherever possible. In Spain there is a road sign which attaches to some vehicles with reduced visibility such as trucks, buses, vans, etc., warning in particular the most vulnerable road users that the driver cannot see certain positions around the vehicle.



And although not completely accurate there is a guide you can use in that if you cannot see the vehicles mirrors the driver of that vehicle cannot see you.



Blind spots pose a major risk to all road users but in particular the more vulnerable. We all have a responsibility to look and avoid the risk involved.

### Meniscus Injuries or Ligament Tears? Forget About Knee Pain

With arthroscopic surgery, most patients can leave hospital on the same day as their procedure and experience rapid recovery.



Over the years, joints accumulate impacts, and wear and tear can lead to pain. In fact, for some individuals over the age of 30, knee pain is part of daily life. The same applies to younger people who have suffered injuries such as ligament tears or meniscus damage. These traumas, often associated with physical activity, can be treated with simple, minimally invasive procedures like arthroscopic surgery.



From Quirónsalud Alicante, Dr. Néstor Zurita, head of the Advanced Traumatology Unit, states that the progressive advancement in arthroscopic instruments and knowledge has been one of the milestones in the history of this specialty. It has redefined anatomy, enhanced the understanding of known pathologies, and defined new types of injuries, as well as enabled the treatment of processes that previously lacked options.



What is Arthroscopy?



Arthroscopy is a surgical procedure used in Orthopaedics and Traumatology to diagnose and treat various problems and diseases located within a joint. This intervention allows, through a minimal incision that leaves little to no scarring, a complete view of the joint via the arthroscope—a small, elongated tube-like instrument measuring 4.5 mm in diameter, which captures high-quality images of internal structures through optics connected to a television camera.



In addition to obtaining images, during arthroscopy, the patient is treated, allowing for the surgical procedure to be carried out with equal or greater efficacy than if the joint had to be fully opened. “As a very minimally invasive method,” notes Dr. Zurita, “it reduces hospital stay times, enabling patient discharge even on the same day as the procedure in most cases, and ensures early recovery.”



In What Cases is It Recommended?



As Dr. Fernando Jordá, head of the Knee Unit at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, points out, any injury affecting the interior of the joint that does not require large implants is generally suitable for arthroscopy. Specifically, the knee is the joint where this technique is most frequently performed.



Meniscus injuries are one of the most common pathologies in the knee, and their treatment is almost always arthroscopic. The meniscus is a cartilage that provides cushioning in the knee, and its injury often causes pain, especially during movements such as bending. “Thanks to arthroscopy, which allows for visualisation and intervention on the tissue, we have been able to define numerous patterns of rupture. The treatment for tears at the inner edge of the meniscus involves trimming it, as it has no healing capacity, but progress has led to attempts to heal and preserve as much of the meniscus as possible, with ongoing and unstoppable development of techniques to repair its various forms of rupture,” explains Dr. Jordá.



In the case of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, these tears are well-known in sports circles, typically occurring from trauma that angles the knee inward while flexed and supported, often accompanied by a body twist. Once ruptured, this ligament, except in very particular cases, cannot be repaired; instead, it is replaced with another ligament taken from the patient’s own knee, which is positioned in place of the torn ACL to perform the same stabilising function.



Other situations that require arthroscopy for diagnosis or treatment include:




Wear or degeneration of articular cartilage.



Fragments or loose bodies of bone or cartilage within the joint.



Inflammation of the synovial lining.



Malalignment or tendency to dislocate.



Rupture or degeneration of tendons.




Care After Arthroscopy



As the scar generated from this surgery is minimal, post-operative care is simpler. To achieve rapid and effective healing, it is necessary to care for the dressings, avoid dirty and dusty environments, and keep the surrounding area dry. To prevent swelling or oedema, it is advisable to sit or lie down with the foot elevated as much as possible and avoid having the operated leg in a downward position. It is also common to require the use of crutches to limit weight-bearing on the operated leg.



Rehabilitation: A Crucial Role in Recovery



Rehabilitation plays a vital role in returning to daily activities. After arthroscopy, it is essential to generate appropriate and consistent stimuli on the treated joint to restore its full capabilities. In this case, physiotherapists are responsible for overseeing this recovery process, so the greater the communication and interaction between these professionals and the surgeons, the better the final results.



The time that typically elapses from the performance of arthroscopy until the patient can resume their usual routines varies depending on the pathology being treated. For meniscal injuries, the usual recovery period is about 4 to 6 weeks, while ligament injuries may take 6 to 9 months.



The Benefits of Arthroscopy



Compared to open surgery, arthroscopy offers numerous benefits:




It minimises damage during the surgical process to access the area being treated.



It allows for visualisation of the entire joint, unlike open surgery, which is limited to the view from the incision. With arthroscopy, the rear part of the joint can be seen.



The tissues are magnified, similar to using a magnifying glass, by about 3-4 times. This, along with the high-definition images, allows for a much better assessment of the tissues, delineating injuries with far greater precision.



The risk of infection is significantly reduced, as there are no exposed fields to the environment, and the procedure is usually conducted with a constant flow of saline solution that continuously washes the surgical area.



All of this leads to a reduction in hospital stay duration, pain, complications, and an improvement in recovery speed.




Request More Information About Knee Surgery at Quirónsalud Alicante



Request More Information About Knee Surgery at Quirónsalud Torrevieja

### Frequent Offences Committed by Drivers in Spain

Every single traffic law is designed with one single point of reference, to make the roads safer for all, and therefore reduce the risk of death or injury to all of us, and yet, despite that, self-caution is thrown to the wind and on a regular basis drivers flout the rules, ignoring everyone’s safety, and getting angry when they do find themselves facing the lesser consequences of their actions, a fine.



Here are some of the most common risky practices dealt with through administrative sanctions on a daily basis.



Speeding



Fines for speeding vary widely and depend on the speed limit of the road being travelled. They are structured in sections and, depending on the section, can range from serious to very serious offences.



Moreover, it is considered a crime to drive at a speed exceeding the established speed limit of 60 km/h on urban roads and 80 km/h on interurban roads.



Fine: from 100 to 600 euro and from 2 to 6 points.



Mobile Devices



Driving while using a mobile phone without hands-free equipment, reading or sending messages or using headphones; using navigation devices or other electronic devices; driving while holding the mobile phone in your hand.



Fine: 200 euro and 3 to 6 points.



Alcohol and Drugs



Exceeding the maximum alcohol level of 0.15 mg/l in exhaled air for novice and professional drivers, exceeding the level of 0.25 mg/l for other drivers (more than 0.60 mg/l is a crime). Presence of drugs in the body.



Fine: between 500 and 1000 euro and 4 to 6 points.



Helmet, Seat Belt or Child Safety Restraint



Not wearing a seat belt, not using a child restraint system, not wearing a helmet or not wearing it properly.



Fine: 200 euro and 4 points.



Stop Signs and Traffic Lights



Not stopping at a stop sign or at a red light.



Fine: 200 euro and 4 points.



Prohibited or Driving in the Wrong Direction



Driving in the wrong direction or on prohibited lanes.



Fine: between 200 and 500 euro and up to 6 points.



Safety distance



Not maintaining sufficient distance from the vehicle in front to be able to brake without causing a collision.



Fine: 200 euro and 4 points.



Cyclists and Pedestrians



Failure to respect the priority of pedestrians and cyclists when they have it (pedestrian crossing in the first case, bicycle lane, crossing for cyclists or hard shoulder in the second case), failure to respect the minimum safety distance of 1.5 metres to overtake a cyclist.



Fine: 200 euro and up to 6 points.



The Rules Apply to All



It is worth noting that the offences apply to all vehicles, and so, as we have mentioned cyclists, riding the wrong way down a one-way street or not stopping at a red light can also land you with a fine, the same applies to electric scooters, and both are also liable for everything else above, where appropriate.

### Don’t Forget Your Seat Belt

First gifted to the world by Swedish car manufacturer Volvo, the seat belt for most has become second nature when travelling in a vehicle, which is good practice as it is one of the most crucial elements for vehicle safety, as its use can be decisive between life and death in the event of a collision, and since the invention of this global device, has been proven to be an effective measure to protect those traveling in a vehicle, significantly reducing the risk of suffering serious or fatal injuries.



In Spain, the use of seat belts in the front seats has been mandatory since 1975, and in the rear seats since 1992. Failure to comply with this rule carries a fine of 200 euro and the loss of four points on the driving licence.



If the passengers are adults and do not wear a seat belt, they are the ones who must pay the fine, not the driver, but the driver assumes responsibility for minors.



Studies have shown that wearing a seat belt reduces the risk of death in a collision by more than 70% and significantly decreases the chance of serious injury. Despite its proven effectiveness, there are still people who do not wear it, which highlights the need to continue promoting its importance.



According to current data, more than 90% of drivers wear seat belts, although this percentage drops to 80% for rear seat passengers. But it is also true that there are 10% of people who do not wear a seat belt.



Surprisingly, this figure is even higher among drivers of vans and commercial vehicles on national roads, where a large number of incidents actually occur.



What is alarming is that this percentage has increased in recent years, even though safety research shows that wearing a seat belt reduces the risk of serious injury by more than 70%, a considerably significant figure.



Current regulations establish that all occupants of a vehicle, regardless of whether they are driving or not, as well as whether they are in the front or back of the car, must wear a seat belt.



For some years now, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has recommended fastening rear seat belts even if there are no passengers, because, they say, if makes the rear seats more secure in the event of an impact and can help to prevent items stored in the boot from moving forward.



"Due to the effect of inertia, any object traveling loose in a car continues moving forward and multiplies, due to the effect of speed, the force with which it would hit any occupant by up to forty times its weight at just 50 km/h," said the DGT in 2018.



“Thus, a three-year-old child whose child seat was poorly anchored and was travelling in the back seat, in the event of a collision, would hit the occupant (or driver) of the front seats with the same force as if they were a giraffe (at 50 km/h) or an elephant (90 km/h) in the so-called elephant effect,” explained the Traffic agency.



And although you might think that the items in the boot are safe, a strong collision could cause heavier objects, such as suitcases, to topple the reclining seats and end up in the front passenger compartment.

### Things You Need to Know about the Vado

Sometimes they are not visible to the naked eye, but their 'power' is immense, and sometimes, those who hold that power don’t realise that the restrictions they represent also apply to them, we are talking about a sign which, theoretically, prevents the blocking of access or egress, known as the “vado”.



Firstly, if you come across a vado sign, do not be tempted to park your car there to run an errand or drop the child off at school, because you risk a fine, and even being towed away.



The vado is basically a licence granted by the council of the corresponding municipality to whoever requests it and proves that he or she is the owner of the property in question (each locality has its own regulations in this regard), explains why he or she needs to secure passage through that place and pays the costs corresponding to an annual and renewable licence.



Upon a successful application, you will be issued a plate by the town hall, which is the only official form of this sign. You cannot simply print one off on your computer or buy one off the internet.



According to the General Traffic Regulations, having a vado at the access gives the right of way to a property (garage door, gate to a parking space, pedestrian crossing...). If someone parks there, the holder of that licence has the possibility of notifying the Local Police to remove the illegally parked vehicle. The Police can also do so ex officio, file the corresponding complaint or limit themselves to having the municipal tow truck act on its own.



Secondly, the bit than many of these licence holders don’t realise, is that you can't park there yourself, even if you hold that licence yourself! Because remember: your annual fee only entitles you to drive through there, not to stay there. The other argument is that it would be very difficult for the authorities to verify in real time who owns the car that is parked illegally (and which is supposed to be in the way anyway).



The fees for having a vado depend on each municipality and must be consulted directly on the website of the same or at the citizen service points. On the other hand, the administrative sanctions for offenders are also a local responsibility, with fines ranging, in general, from 50 euro to several hundred, depending where in the country you are.

### The Most Common Causes of Road Traffic Collisions and How to Avoid Them

The DGT has compiled a list of the most dangerous actions that result in collisions or incidents on the roads of Spain and hopes that by being aware of the most common faults, we can all pay closer attention and subsequently avoid them.



“70% of deaths in incidents on interurban roads occur on conventional roads, most of them due to avoidable violations,” according to the DGT.



One of the most frequent actions that end in an incident is not respecting priority signs. AN example if failing to give way when entering the crossroad, causing a collision. It is one of the most frequent infractions.



On conventional roads, this action often leads to collisions with serious injuries, sometimes resulting in fatalities. The worst part is borne by the person on the side of the impact, as they are the ones who receive the direct impact and with less protection.



And one of the most dangerous is not respecting the STOP sign. “The STOP symbol marked on the road indicates to the driver the obligation to stop the vehicle at the next stop line and to give way to vehicles circulating on that road.” Not respecting this sign can lead to serious consequences.



It is important to remember that at a STOP sign, as the name suggests, you must stop, not simply slow down and then continue.



Another of the most dangerous actions is exceeding the legal speed limit. Speeding is one of the most common offences and is the cause of serious incidents. It is usually the cause when only one vehicle is involved in the incident.



According to the DGT itself, “driving over the speed limits on the road continues to be one of the most infringed precepts of traffic and road safety regulations.” Last year, according to the DGT, 211 fatal incidents were recorded in which speed was the contributing factor.



"On conventional roads, which pose the greatest risks, compliance with the established speed limit is 43%, a low level, similar to that recorded in Belgium (46%)," said the DGT regarding speed.



According to the Traffic Department, “driving at an appropriate speed could prevent a quarter of deaths in road incidents.” Furthermore, “at speeds of 80 km/h or more, it is practically impossible for a pedestrian to survive a collision, while at a speed of 30 km/h, the risk of death for pedestrians is reduced to 5%”.



The other actions that the DGT classifies as dangerous and that should be avoided are illegal overtaking, invading the opposite lane and not respecting the safety distance. All of these actions can lead to a collision.



If we respect the safety rules and remember this, we can avoid many incidents. On the road, you should not take risks, and each of the actions we are warned about are synonymous with danger and risk.



Take note, because you and your actions can either result in, or can avoid a fatal outcome.

### More than 120,000 patients treated: Quirónsalud Torrevieja, a benchmark in oncology and breast cancer treatment

With more than 20 years of experience and more than 120,000 patients treated, the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Oncology Platform has established itself as a national and international benchmark in the fight against cancer, especially in the treatment of breast cancer



The Oncology Platform of Quirónsalud Torrevieja has established a standard of excellence and avant-garde in the treatment of cancer in Spain. Over these two decades, they have developed innovative approaches, such as personalized oncology, genetic testing, and state-of-the-art therapies, that place this platform at the pinnacle of cancer healthcare.



Innovation in personalised oncology and gene therapies



Quirónsalud Torrevieja is distinguished by its focus on personalised oncology, which is supported by genetic analysis and immunotherapy. Through state-of-the-art genetic sequencing, the medical team can study not only mutations in specific genes, but also the expression of the more than 20,000 genes that code for proteins in the human body. This allows a much more detailed diagnosis of each tumor and, therefore, the design of more effective and less toxic therapies.



The use of genetics to classify tumors and select the most appropriate treatment represents a paradigm shift in cancer care. The platform offers therapeutic options even for those patients with tumors that have shown resistance to conventional treatments such as chemotherapy. Thanks to this approach, Quirónsalud Torrevieja has managed to improve the therapeutic success rate in 70% of the cases treated, compared to the 25% achieved with traditional diagnostic tools.



Immunotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer



One of the emerging treatments in the fight against breast cancer is immunotherapy, a powerful tool that uses the patient's immune system to attack cancer cells. According to Dr. Manuel Sureda, a specialist  at the Oncology Platform at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, this type of therapy has shown promising results, particularly in cases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive variant that is usually resistant to other treatments such as chemotherapy.



How Immunotherapy Works in Breast Cancer Treatment



The basic principle of immunotherapy is to stimulate the body’s immune system to recognize and destroy tumour cells. Many times, cancer cells develop mechanisms that allow them to evade attack by the immune system, but immunotherapeutic treatments block these strategies, allowing the immune system to act more effectively.



There are different types of immunotherapies for breast cancer, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have been shown to be especially helpful in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. In addition, monoclonal antibodies, such as trastuzumab (Herceptin), target specific proteins on cancer cells, making them easier to kill.



Benefits of immunotherapy in breast cancer



Immunotherapy offers a more personalised and less toxic option than traditional chemotherapy, as it is designed to specifically target cancer cells without harming healthy cells as much. However, this treatment is not suitable for all types of breast cancer. Its use depends on the specific characteristics of the tumour and the patient's response to previous therapies.







The most advanced technology in radiotherapy at Quirósalud Torrevieja



Radiotherapy is another pillar in the oncological treatment of patients with breast cancer, and the Oncology Platform of Quirónsalud Torrevieja has the most advanced technology. Dr. Rosa Cañón, head of the Radiation Oncology Service, highlights the advantages of the new linear accelerators, such as the Varian TrueBeam 2.7 from Quirónsalud Torrevieja, which allows tumours to be treated with millimetric precision, improving the effectiveness of the treatment, minimizing damage to the surrounding healthy tissues and therefore reducing side effects.



Dr. S. S. adds that radiotherapy is used to treat tumours in the breast and lymph node regions (armpit) as well as in advanced cases to treat metastases in other organs, often with curative intent.



Intraoperative radiotherapy



One of the most innovative techniques available at the Oncology Platform is intraoperative radiotherapy, as it has a linear accelerator inside the operating room, with which a dose of radiation is administered during surgery. This technique is performed in patients with early breast cancer, after the resection of the tumour and sentinel lymph node, a dose of radiotherapy is administered in the operating room itself, which avoids postoperative radiotherapy sessions.



Oncological Surgery: State-of-the-Art Approaches



The multidisciplinary approach of the Oncology Platform of Quirónsalud Torrevieja also includes advanced techniques in oncological surgery. Dr. Pedro Bretcha, head of the Surgical Oncology Service, stresses that more than 95% of breast cancer cases require surgical intervention. Surgery is used for both curative and palliative purposes, depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the tumour.



Breast preservation techniques



In recent years, an effort has been made to reduce the need for radical mastectomies, preferring conservative surgeries that preserve as much breast tissue as possible. In some cases, the administration of chemotherapy or immunotherapy before surgery can reduce the size of the tumor, facilitating a less invasive intervention and, therefore, improving the patient's quality of life.



When should breast cancer surgery be used?



Surgical treatment is part of breast cancer treatment in more than 95% of cases. It generally has a curative purpose. In fewer cases it has a palliative purpose, that is, to avoid complications or unwanted effects due to tumour growth, such as bleeding, over-infections or pain in widely disseminated tumours and in which the possibility of cure is minimal, but surgery can contribute to improving the quality of life of patients. In a small number of cases we do not perform surgery, such as when the tumour has a good prognosis, in elderly women, or with associated pathology where the risk of surgery is greater than the benefit of it in the treatment of breast cancer.



Precision Medicine: A Promising Future in Cancer Treatments



Quirónsalud Torrevieja's Oncology Platform not only focuses on the current treatment of cancer, but also looks to the future with its focus on precision medicine. This concept, as defined by Dr. Manuel Sureda, involves adapting treatments to the individual genetic characteristics of each patient, creating a "tailor-made suit" for each cancer case.



Transcriptome: A New Horizon in Cancer Treatment



The analysis of the transcriptome, which studies the expression of RNA in tumour cells, has allowed the doctors at Quirónsalud Torrevieja to offer more personalised and effective therapies. In up to 70% of the cases studied, this analysis has provided valuable information on the resistance or sensitivity of tumours to certain drugs, which has allowed treatments to be adjusted in real time.



Transcriptome Analysis Increases Clinical Benefit of Breast Tumours by 70%



The transcriptome study provides personalized information on aspects relevant to the treatment of tumours, such as resistance or sensitivity to chemotherapy or other types of antitumor drugs



This approach not only improves treatment efficacy, but also offers a higher chance of tumour control and increases the patient's quality of life. The Oncology Platform of Quirónsalud Torrevieja has been a pioneer in the use of the transcriptome in Spain and continues to advance in this area to improve clinical outcomes in patients with breast cancer.

### Tips for Towing a Trailer

Driving with a trailer attached requires some practice and additional precautions when driving. Although moving forward is relatively easy, driving can become complicated when you have to perform certain manoeuvres while 'pulling' a trailer, especially if it is heavy or bulky, or both, and even a simple process of slowing down or stopping can become extremely dangerous.



It is important to note that there are two categories of trailer permitted in Spain, which in simple terms are small and large, and each has a unique set of rules and requirements, but for the purpose of this article we are talking in general terms for all trailers.



“With a trailer, everything we do wrong is multiplied and can have more serious consequences,” says Juan Ignacio Serena, Head of Section of the Driver Training Department of the DGT. “This type of vehicle is driven looking more backwards than forwards. If at any time you ‘forget’ that you are towing it, you can have problems due to its size and weight.”



Thus, it is essential to adapt driving to the conditions of the trailer we are towing: the characteristics of the towing vehicle, the dimensions and weight of the trailer, the speed of travel or the atmospheric conditions are factors to consider, as they directly affect the stability and safety of the vehicle while driving.



Braking



Even a so-called 'light' trailer weighing up to 750 kilos represents a considerable mass which, added to the mass of the car, directly affects the distance needed to stop. Therefore, to stop a trailer, more space is always needed. "With a trailer, the braking distance can increase by up to 20%," says Juan Ignacio Serena.



Overtaking



When overtaking, always take into account the length of the vehicle, the speed limit and the power of the vehicle you are driving, as with a trailer behind you, you will need more space and time to complete the manoeuvre. Driving training specialists always insist on remembering that if you are not sure when overtaking, do not overtake.



Turning



Manoeuvres to change direction, make sharp turns or enter a roundabout require greater anticipation and adjust your speed: a sharp turn while towing a trailer can result in a rollover. You have to be careful, because the trailer pushes, especially if it is loaded. If we arrive at a curve with a car with a trailer at 'excessive' speed, we will lose control, go off the road or roll over. And be very careful when braking once the turn has started,” warns Serena.



Speed



Speed ​​limits for vehicle combinations, in other words towing a trailer, are lower than vehicles on their own. To maintain control over the combination at all times, it is essential to adjust the speed based on the additional mass of the trailer, especially on interurban roads.“



Reversing



Driving in reverse with a trailer can be tricky if you are not familiar with it, mainly because a trailer goes in the opposite direction to the direction you turn the steering wheel. If you have never had experience driving with a trailer, it is very advisable to practice first in an area without traffic: “When starting to reverse, always do so with the towing vehicle and the trailer aligned, back up slowly, gently, to avoid the trailer crossing and potentially hitting the car or breaking the connections” explains Serena.



The Load



The distribution of the load in the vehicle affects its stability while driving. If the distribution of the load in a trailer is not correct, the dynamic behaviour of the whole can be affected. “When distributing the load, it must be concentrated in the centre, where the axles are. With a lot of load in the back, the drawbar of the trailer - which hooks onto the 'ball' of the car - tends to lift and generates instability in the rear of the car. And vice versa, too much weight in the front of the trailer will lift the front of the car,” says Juan Ignacio Serena. And, of course, it is forbidden to travel with passengers in a trailer or caravan.

### What are the Rules for Chevron Markings on the Road?

Although they come in various forms, generally referred to as chevron markings, these markings on roads are an essential road sign that every driver must know to ensure safe driving.



What we call chevron markings consist of a pattern of parallel oblique lines, usually painted white, that delimit areas on roads where vehicles should not enter. The areas consist of white diagonal stripes,



The main function is to increase the spacing and subsequent visibility of areas where vehicular traffic is restricted, thus contributing to a safer and more organised flow of traffic. In Spain, they are often referred to based on their similarity to markings at zebra crossings, “cebreado”.



In order to satisfy that main function, these specific areas on the road must remain free of vehicles. These areas can be found at lane junctions, near junctions, or at motorway exits, where traffic must always flow smoothly and in an orderly manner, acting as a separation tool.



By highlighting restricted areas, chevron markings prevent incidents by ensuring that drivers do not accidentally enter dangerous or prohibited zones. They also facilitate vehicle orientation, especially at complex junctions or areas of high congestion, clearly indicating where vehicles should and should not circulate.



They also identify high-risk areas, such as those near motorway junctions or exits, improving caution among drivers.



Basic Rules of Chevron Marked Areas



Stopping and Parking Prohibited: Stopping or parking on any chevron marked area is strictly prohibited, except in emergency circumstances.



Specific exceptions: Mopeds that must travel on the hard shoulder and emergency vehicles on priority service are authorised to use chevron areas if necessary.



Broken lines: If the chevron area is surrounded by a broken line, drivers may cross it for access, provided it is safe to do so.



Chevron markings are a vital tool for traffic management and road safety. Correct interpretation and adherence to it is essential for all drivers. Understanding and adhering to the rules of chevrons is not only a legal obligation, but also serves to protect your own safety and that of other road users.

### Time to Check your Lights

At the end of October, the clocks change once again, with clocks being put back an hour in preparation for winter, and with any time change it brings about a change in the daylight spread, and so it is an important time to check your lights.



Ideally, you should check your lights more frequently, but many people have busy lives, and it is easy to forget, so we will forgive you, but make a point this October to check, then we won’t hassle you until spring.



It is important to check all lights, including those that illuminate the rear number plate, as they too are mandatory.



With the headlights, check all settings, from dim dip to full beam.



Check all of the indicators to make sure they work on both sides of the vehicle, and in unison when functioning as hazard lights. Don’t just trust the hazard light function, check every option in case of a potential fault.



Reverse, brake, and fog lights should also be checked.



Now, to do all of this, it is a good idea to get someone to help you, so one of you can sit in the vehicle, and the other check the lights at the same time. However, if you are unable to do this, you can use reflections to help you, such as in shop windows, or even vehicles parked in front or behind you. You can of course set the lights and walk around the vehicle several times, the brake and reversing lights will pose a problem for you in this instance though.



If you do find that any of the bulbs need changing, you should change them in pairs, as the bulbs do lose power over time, and so changing just the one could give you an imbalance of illumination.



Finally, if your headlight glass seems dim, you can buy kits to refresh the glass, although if you have any doubts, you should leave it to a professional, which is also advice worth noting if you are unable to change any of the bulbs yourself, which can be an absolute nightmare on modern cars, but if they need changing, get them changed, as the risks are otherwise too great.

### Five Common Driver Actions That Can Be Fined

One of the most common driving offences is the improper use of a mobile phone while driving. Despite ongoing awareness campaigns, many drivers continue to use their mobile phone without hands-free equipment, which is not only punishable by a fine of 200 euro and the loss of six points from the licence but is also one of the main causes of road traffic collisions. Remember, although many hands-free devices are allowed, Bluetooth headsets are not.



Another common behaviour that is punishable is not respecting the safety distance. Maintaining an adequate distance from the vehicle in front is crucial to avoiding collisions, especially in situations of sudden braking. The penalty for not maintaining this distance can be 200 euro and the loss of four points on the licence.



Likewise, not using the turn signals or indicators correctly when changing lanes or turning is another action that can lead to fines. Although it seems like a basic rule, it is common to see drivers who do not signal their manoeuvres, which can lead to confusion and dangerous situations on the road.



Having your arm out of the window. We have talked about hand signals before, and as we have just mentioned turn signals, it is important to note that having an arm through the window might confuse other road users thinking you are “indicating”, there are also safety concerns for yourself.



Is this driver resting his arm or indicating an intention to turn right?



Finally, there is the offence of parking in prohibited areas, such as pedestrian crossings, curves or junctions. Parking in these places can not only be punished with a fine of 200 euro but can also endanger pedestrians and other drivers by reducing visibility and increasing the risk of incidents.

### Many Drivers Do Not Know the Meaning of this Common Road Sign

The Spanish catalogue of road signs contains hundreds of signs and their meanings, and within that catalogue there are many that soe drivers will never come across in their lives, and there are others that are so common they become second nature.



However, there are some road signs which are common that many drivers do not know the meaning of, and one in particular can land you in a lot of trouble if you don’t obey.



We are, on this occasion, referring to road sign R-200, which is called, “Prohibido pasar sin detenerse”. In English, the definition is, “you must not pass without stopping”, and that is why, if you ignore the sign, you can easily find yourself with a fine.



The sign itself is an obligatory sign, circular with a red border, and contains a thick, horizontal black line, with rounded edges, in the centre. It is sometimes confused with a similar looking sign, no entry, but the definition is completely different.



The reason many drivers are perhaps unaware of how common the sign is, is that it is often accompanied by words above and below the central bar.



It is the sign you see at toll roads, or police checkpoints, for example, with the appropriate wording for the purpose of forcing you to stop.



However, the main purpose of the sign should now make sense, as you would be expected to stop at a toll booth, and carry out the appropriate procedure, before proceeding.



When it comes to a police or Guardia Civil checkpoint, the same applies. You must not pass without stopping. The only exception here is that if you are waved through by the officers then you do not have to stop, as their instructions overrule that of the sign.

### Is It Okay to Double Park for a Couple of Minutes to Nip to the Shop?

Double parking, in other words parking alongside a row of vehicles already parked, is a common practice, and usually comes with justifications like, “I am just nipping to the shop”, “I have put my hazard lights on”, and “everyone does it”, amongst others, and although the practice might seem harmless, it comes with great consequences.



So, is it okay to double park? The short and direct answer to this question is a resounding no. Double parking is a punishable offence under the General Traffic Regulations. The regulations state that any vehicle parked in a double row, even for a short period, can be fined 100 euro. This includes those cases where the driver puts on the hazard lights in the hope of justifying the stop.



The law is clear on this point: if the vehicle is double-parked and the driver gets out of the car, it is considered parking, and therefore, it is illegal.



Even with a parking spot clearly visible, this driver decided to double park



However, there is an exception that qualifies the rigidity of this rule. If the driver remains inside the vehicle with the engine running and does not cause obstruction to traffic, the action is considered a stop, not parking, and is neither illegal nor punishable. But only if all those criteria are satisfied. Plus, we must also keep in mind that there are places where it is also prohibited to stop.



This difference is key to avoid misunderstandings: a double-parking stop is temporary and allows the driver to move the vehicle if necessary, while a parking implies that the vehicle is unattended, which can lead to traffic and safety problems.



You must not impede the flow of traffic, even when a stop is considered, it should be brief – usually no more than two minutes – and should not interfere with the normal flow of traffic. If a double-parked car is impeding traffic or posing a danger to other drivers, the fine can increase to as much as 200 euro. Also, it is important to remember that traffic officers have the authority to decide whether an offence merits a fine or whether it can be considered a justified exception, although this is not something to be relied upon.

### Rental Scooters Set to be Banned in Madrid

The mayor of Madrid City Council, José Luis Martínez-Almeida, announced that rental scooters will be banned from October, as the council plans to withdraw the 6,000 licences granted last year to the three companies, Dott, Lime, and Tier Mobility, that offered this service in the capital.



Although the process is likely to take longer than first hoped, and the companies have been invited to file objections, it may not be until December before it comes into play, the news comes just one year after granting licences to three companies providing electric scooters for rent in Madrid, because, according to the mayor, they are “failing to comply with the conditions imposed by Madrid City Council”.



The improper use that some users make of these types of vehicles, the places where they are often parked and the danger they pose to pedestrians are said to be the reasons why the city council has decided to revoke the concessions of these three companies and ban rental electric scooters.



“The technological aspect has not been sufficient, the conditions for there to be concessionaire companies in Madrid are not met,” explained Almeida, who reiterated that “there will be no new authorisations for companies by the city council.”



In 2022 alone, according to data from Madrid City Council, scooter rental companies accumulated up to 94,927 fines. This is due, for example, to the fact that users park these vehicles on pavements, obstructing pedestrian traffic, or that it is common to see scooters with two occupants, which is prohibited by law.



The decision to revoke the concessions to the companies is due to “the fact that the three operators violated the conditions established in the authorisations, a justified cause in the specifications for unilaterally withdrawing the permits without the right to compensation,” explains the city council.



Despite the decision of Almeida's governing team, the mayor has clarified that electric scooters for personal use will continue to be allowed in the city, as long as the mobility regulations in force are respected.

### Spanish Traffic Update - From 29 September 2024

Generally, on the roads of Spain, there is nothing specific taking place this week. However, during the autumn weekends, an increase in traffic is expected on the main routes, national roads, motorways and dual carriageways towards rest areas and second homes, as well as leisure and recreation areas close to urban centres.







Generally speaking, the busiest times, and therefore times to try and avoid, are Fridays between 7pm and 9pm, Saturdays between 11am and 1pm, and Sundays between 6pm and 10pm, although on Sundays the traffic flow is reversed with vehicles heading back inland away from tourist locations.



Looking ahead to future specific campaigns, next week we will have the ROADPOL Focus on the Road campaign, ROADPOL being the European-wide traffic police network,



ROADPOL Operation Focus on the Road is a coordinated pan-European enforcement action by Traffic Police Officers from each ROADPOL member country and takes place on Europe's roads addition to the daily national Traffic Police enforcement activities to combat distraction in road traffic.



In addition to speed, distraction is one of the most common causes of collisions. Although this is often thought, distraction in traffic is not such a modern problem at all. Of course, the focus has increasingly shifted to this due to the mobile phone and its use, especially by road users.



Specific to Spain, the next operation by the DGT, operated by the Guardia Civil, revolves around All Saint’s Day on 1 November, with the special operation running from 30 October to 3 November across the country.




https://youtu.be/i1zRyWvEjbQ?si=v0ViXczhgJGnBjCC

### Thinking of Gifting a Vehicle?

Vehicle donations are not uncommon, whether as a gift to friends or family, through inheritances, or cases of separations and divorces, for example, and although this is a perfectly acceptable process, there are special conditions when it comes to changing vehicle ownership.



Vehicle Donations



Donating a vehicle to a family member or acquaintance is a special case of selling it at zero cost.



Both the giver and receiver must complete, sign, and date a donation agreement, and although you can create your own, it must contain:




Giver's details: Name and surname or company name and your DNI/NIE/CIF.



Receiver’s details: Name and surname or company name and your DNI/NIE/CIF.



Vehicle data: Make, model and registration number.



Date and time the contract is signed.




Inheritance and Gift Tax must be paid, Impuesto de Sucesiones y Donaciones (ISD).



ISD must be paid in the Autonomous Community of the person who will receive the vehicle and who keeps proof of payment, exemption or non-subjection of inheritance tax in which the vehicle is identified (number plate or chassis).



You should check the conditions for settling the Inheritance and Gift Tax (ISD) in your Autonomous Community.



You can then complete the Change of Ownership procedure at the DGT, either by making an appointment or, the easiest way, is online through the DGT website.



You must remember that the vehicle must be insured and have a valid ITV before you drive it.



Inheritances



In the case of a vehicle that comes from an inheritance due to the death of the owner, it will be necessary to change the ownership of the vehicle.



You must first obtain the proof of inheritance. With the prior agreement of all the heirs of the vehicle, you must be designated as the sole heir of the vehicle. Fill out and sign the declaration of responsibility for change of ownership due to the death of the owner of a vehicle certifying this.



The recipient pays the ISD tax and can then carry out the vehicle transfer with the DGT as mentioned above.



Provisional Custodian



In the case of a vehicle whose owner has died, and does not yet have a definitive beneficiary, it is possible to inform a provisional custodian until the inheritance is settled and the vehicle is definitively awarded:



There is a special form for this you can get from the DGT, and along with the responsible declaration, you must submit the application form to be the provisional custodian of the vehicle.



If the Vehicle Registry does not record the death of the owner, you must also provide the death certificate.



Separation, Divorce or Breakup



As a result of a breakup, separation or divorce, the agreement reached, whether by mutual agreement or court order, may include the change of ownership of one of the vehicles owned by the couple.



To change the ownership of the vehicle due to separation, divorce or breakup:



You must be in possession of and provide a document proving the agreement of the break-up, separation or divorce, which includes the details of the vehicle whose owner is changing: Court ruling or regulatory agreement.



You mist then pay the transfer tax. You must justify the payment, exemption or non-subjection of the Property Transfer Tax, Impuesto de Transmisiones Patrimoniales (IPT), modelo 620 or modelo 621 form, as appropriate, in the autonomous community where you have your tax domicile. In almost all Autonomous Communities you can do it easily and electronically.



You can then carry out the transfer with the DGT.

### Fines for Incorrect Actions on a Roundabout

Without sparking the usual debate of who does it better, in Spain there are specific rules for roundabouts, many of which are ignored on a daily basis, and may which result in collisions, of fines, the latter being what we will explain.



According to the DGT, the most common infraction is trying to access the roundabout without respecting the priority of vehicles already circulating on it. Many drivers are in a hurry and when they reach the roundabouts they enter aggressively, potentially causing a collision. Well, this behaviour, in addition to damaging their own car, means a fine of 200 euro and the loss of four points on their licence.



The other action highlighted by the DGT is the one that usually causes the horn to be used the most often, and the most bumps. A vehicle is driving in the left lane wanting to exit the roundabout. The rule is clear, always exit a roundabout from the righthand lane, and this common occurrence is caused by driver being ill prepared and being in the wrong lane, resulting in them having to cross the left lane to exit, causing a collision with the vehicle that is driving correctly. This action can result in a fine of 500 euro and the loss of six points from the licence. Worst still, if the manoeuvre was considered “reckless, it could be considered a crime.



But there are other types of behaviour at roundabouts that also concern the Traffic Department. According to its data, 8% of incidents that occur at them are related to speeding. The DGT always points out that these sections are designed to be driven on at low speed, because otherwise you could lose control of your car or cause manoeuvres that would disturb other users.



The last note on the most common violations at roundabouts has to do with users not respecting the safety distance. Taking into account that roundabouts are usually very crowded with vehicles of all kinds, it is very important to take extreme precautions to avoid a rear-end collision. Not to mention that driving in this way is also punishable by a fine of 200 euro and 4 points taken off you.

### Pulmonary nodules smaller than two centimetres can be cured if detected early

Thanks to the minimally invasive approach assisted by Da Vinci robotic surgery, lung cancer procedures can now be performed in a nearly outpatient manner.



Smokers over the age of fifty are advised to have a lung CT scan every two years.



Immunotherapy has significantly improved survival rates in lung cancer patients, even in cases of advanced disease.




As part of European Lung Cancer Week, Dr Joseba Rebollo, an oncology specialist at Quirónsalud Hospital in Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante, reminds us that lung nodules smaller than two centimetres are often curable with surgery if detected early. Therefore, he recommends that smokers over the age of fifty undergo a lung CT scan every two years in order to detect these mostly asymptomatic pulmonary nodules at an early stage.



Types of lung cancer and their treatment



Lung cancer is classified into two main types: small cell and non-small cell. Small cell lung cancer, which accounts for 30% of cases, is highly related to smoking and tends to spread quickly. “It can be treated with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy, achieving cure rates of around 20% in cases of limited disease, which is when the disease can be contained within a radiotherapy field,” states Dr Manuel Sureda, an oncologist at Quirónsalud Hospital in Torrevieja and an expert in oncological immunology.



On the other hand, non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type, and its treatments greatly benefit from genetic tumour studies. “Approximately 50% of these tumours have specific genetic alterations that allow the use of targeted therapies for that specific alteration. Moreover, immunotherapy, which has revolutionised the treatment of this type of lung cancer, has significantly improved survival rates in patients eligible for it, even in cases of advanced disease,” Dr Sureda adds.



Early lung cancer recovery thanks to Da Vinci



Thanks to the minimally invasive approach assisted by Da Vinci robotic surgery, interventions that once required open surgery and long hospital stays for lung cancer patients can now be performed in a nearly outpatient manner, with shorter hospital stays in any case.



“In addition,” notes Dr José Belda, head of the Thoracic Surgery Department at Quirónsalud Torrevieja and specialist in robotic surgery, “the great precision of Da Vinci surgeries allows us to address both benign and malignant lung conditions, including lobectomies and sublobar resections, all without compromising oncological thoroughness.” Other advantages noted by the specialist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja include less blood loss and a reduced risk of postoperative infections.



For more information about robotic lung cancer surgery, watch this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZ0EPpsaUE0&t=1s

### When is Overtaking on the Right Permitted

Although it is both inconvenient and illegal, it is not uncommon to see vehicles driving in the wrong lane, such as the centre or left lanes of a motorway when not overtaking, and sometimes there is a temptation to pass these vehicles on the right, but overtaking on the right is only permitted in Spain in very rare and clearly defined situations.



The Law makes it clear that when a vehicle wants to overtake, we must do so following the correct procedure and to the left of the vehicle we are passing, however there are limited exceptions:



When the driver of the vehicle you intend to overtake is clearly indicating an intention to change direction to the left or stop on that side.



When the density of traffic is such that vehicles occupy the entire width of the road and can only travel at a speed that depends on the speed of the vehicle in front of them in their lane.



In any section of road where there are acceleration or deceleration lanes or lanes or parts of the road intended exclusively for the traffic of certain vehicles, passing more quickly on those lanes than on normal traffic lanes, or vice versa, will not be considered overtaking.



Experts diagnose drivers who tend to always drive on the left edge of the road as victims of left lane syndrome. Although it is called this, the practice is not a disease, but it is an offence, as the Traffic and Road Safety Act specifies that the right lane must be used for driving and the left lane only for overtaking. The fine for not respecting this rule is 200 euro.

### Put Yourself in Their Place

Although there are many town halls who are yet to catch up with both the legal and moral requirements for accessibility, in places where movement to the likes of pedestrians can be restricted, it can be impossible at times for those with reduced mobility.



However, even where planners fail, as motorists, we can all play a part in trying to ease the problems suffered by many people on a daily basis, by having a little bit more consideration, and putting ourselves in their place, albeit mentally.



For example, when parking, look for areas where the pavement drops. In many areas there will be a vado sign prohibiting parking anyway, but in others, no such sign may exist, and this could be a remnant of a past pathway.



Under no circumstances should you ever park or stop on the pavement. Pavements are for people, not vehicles. If you are in a situation where you would otherwise block the road, then it is not suitable for stopping anyway. Your actions as a vehicle driver must never force vulnerable people, like pedestrians, onto the road.



Don´t obscure visibility when you park. The things we have mentioned already can lead to a fine, but they can lead to inconvenience and even danger, so respect should be the motivation.



Parking in a blue badge zone or parking space without displaying the blue badge also carries a fine, the reason being that these spaces are reserved for those with reduced mobility. Similarly, respect should be extended when parking nearby, making sure that sufficient room is left to enable the badge holder, who may be a driver or passenger, to access and egress their vehicle.



Some of the issues faced by blue badge holders were highlighted this week by Claire Lomas MBE, a British campaigner, fundraiser and former event rider known for finishing the 32nd Virgin London Marathon in 17 days using the ReWalk robotic suit.



“Sometimes people wonder how I get in/out the car, get my wheelchair in & then drive when I am paralysed from the waist down”, she posted on Twitter, before explaining how lightweight wheelchairs and car adaptations give her the independence, before pointing out, “people parking in disabled bays with no blue badge often remove this independence”.



In a separate post, Claire described how she explained to a lady recently about the need for a blue badge in order to park in the disabled bay. “She was polite but thought it would be okay on a Saturday”, Claire continued, “not sure many people get the weekends off being disabled”.



It is of course worth remembering that following Brexit, UK-issued blue badges are not generally accepted in Spain. Some local authorities allow them, but most don´t, so it is worth checking. You can apply for a blue badge at your local town hall.



Irrespective of eligibility, the blue badge scheme must be respected.



If you are not entitled to display a blue badge and use a manipulated, falsified, photocopied or a card belonging to a deceased person, you could be fined up to 1,500 euro.




Partially parking on a blue space



The mayor of this town thinks the rules or morality don´t apply to him



Disabled parking spaces must be respected

### Ask your Driving Questions at Ibex Insurance in Quesada and Orihuela Costa

If you have any questions about driving in Spain and would like them answered in person, Mark Nolan from the N332 website will be on hand at the Private Medical Insurance Open Day in the Ibex Insurance office in Quesada this week.



Everyone is invited to visit the Ibex Insurance office on Calle Turismo 4-A, Urbanización Ciudad Quesada, Rojales, any time from 11 a.m.  to 3 p.m., for drinks and nibbles and to fire any questions you have about Private Medical Insurance at their expert, Carrie-Ann Harrison.







As a broker, Ibex works with many leading health insurance providers to find a policy that suits your needs and pocket.



Carrie-Ann can guide you through the process and provide no-obligation quotations.




The date: Thursday 26 September 2024



Time: 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.




If possible, but not essential, they would like you to pop them an email registering your interest, to quesada@ibexinsure.com, partly so they can make sure they have enough of the free gifts they plan to give everyone who attends.



Plus, if you live on or around the Orihuela Costa, the Ibex Insurance office in La Zenia are holding the same event on Wednesday. You can visit that office if you prefer.




The date: Wednesday 25 September 2024



Time: 11 a.m. to 3 p.m.








And, as we mentioned, you are also welcome to attend to have your driving and traffic law questions answered by Mark Nolan.

### From the age of 60, four out of ten men develop some condition related to prostate cancer

Experts recommend regular tests such as PSA analysis and digital rectal exams, especially in men over the age of 45.



The Da Vinci robotic surgery offers the best outcomes for patients requiring radical prostatectomy.




On the occasion of Prostate Health Day, celebrated across Europe every 15th of September, Dr Sven Petry, Head of the Urology Department and expert in Robotic Surgery at Quirónsalud Hospital in Torrevieja, warns that from the age of 50, the likelihood of developing prostate disorders increases significantly. By the age of 60, 40% of men show some focus related to prostate cancer.



The most common prostate disorders



According to Dr Sven Petry, the three most common prostate conditions are prostatitis, which is an infection of the prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate cancer.Although these conditions are unrelated, they share certain symptoms. "Hyperplasia and sometimes prostate cancer can cause difficulty in urination due to the pressure the enlarged prostate exerts on the urethra," explains Dr Petry. "In the case of prostatitis, the symptoms are different, such as high fever, pain when urinating, and pain during ejaculation due to acute inflammation of the gland."



The importance of prevention and early detection



Prostate cancer tends to grow slowly, allowing many patients to be diagnosed at early stages. "When detected early, the likelihood of a cure is extremely high," says Dr Petry. For this reason, experts recommend regular tests such as PSA analysis and digital rectal exams, particularly for men over 45.



While there are no specific preventive measures for prostate cancer, urology specialists agree that maintaining a healthy lifestyle is key. "A balanced diet, rich in Mediterranean foods and low in fat, along with physical exercise, an active sex life, avoiding smoking, and moderate alcohol consumption, are universal recommendations for reducing the overall risk of cancer," advises Dr Petry.



Quirónsalud Torrevieja pioneers in robotic surgery



Quirónsalud Hospital in Torrevieja has extensive experience in robotic surgery, having been one of the pioneering hospitals at the national level to implement and train its surgeons in the use of this technology fifteen years ago.



As Dr Sven Petry explains, thanks to the Da Vinci robotic surgery system, “Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital offers the best treatment with the best outcomes for prostate cancer patients who require radical prostatectomy.”



Regarding the many advantages, the specialist highlights improved recovery of urinary continence as well as the full restoration of erectile function, with higher success rates compared to traditional surgery.“Another advantage is the quick recovery of the patient, who can return to a completely normal life within four weeks after being discharged,” concludes the urological robotic surgery specialist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja.



For more information about urological robotic surgery, watch this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQro4nE21Ok&t=1s

### How Drivers Add 200 Euro to their Grocery Shopping Bill

The design and dynamics of a vehicle are designed to offer optimum safety and security to vehicle occupants, and other road users, but those factors can easily be changed with simple acts that we don’t often realise, such as putting your shopping on the back seats of the car, which can land you with a 200 euro fine.



The reason is that, when driving, the load inside the vehicle must be placed in such a way that the different objects do not move, thus ensuring safe driving. In other words, everything in the vehicle, whether humans, or pets, or inanimate objects, must be secure.



Loose or loosely secured objects can be a serious hazard in the event of a collision, or even harsh braking, as they can be thrown forward. For example, at 50 km/h, if an object is thrown out, the force with which it would hit an occupant would be up to 40 times its weight.



This explains the importance of securing your load correctly when driving, not only when shopping but also when transporting any luggage or packages. The same applies to dogs, which, depending on their size, must travel restrained or in their corresponding carrier, placed on the floor of the vehicle and, if larger, in the boot, always properly secured.



Failure to properly secure a load is considered a serious offence as it can compromise safety while driving. This action is therefore punishable by a fine of 200 euro.

### Hand Signals You Must Know When Driving in Spain

Every driver should know the basic hand signals used in Spain, which can assist in showing your intentions in addition to the indicators and lights and can be used temporarily in the event of a failure, and one, which we hope will never be needed, can be used to indicate an emergency situation.



It's also important we all learn to look out for and recognise these hand signals so we can act accordingly.



Because drivers normally occupy the left seat in a vehicle, these signals are given by the left arm, so they are visible outside the vehicle.



These hand signals should also be used by vehicles not equipped with electronic signalling devices, such as bicycles or electric scooters.



Spanish Hand Signals When Driving



1 – I intend to turn or move to the left.



Left arm stretch horizontally to the left, palm facing forward.







2 – I intend to turn or move to the right.



Left arm horizontal with the elbow at a 45-degree angle so the forearm points upwards, perpendicular to the floor, forming an “L” shape, palm facing forward.







3 – I intend to slow down or stop.



Left arm outstretched, palm facing downwards, moved in an up and down direction.







4 – I intend to reverse.



Left arm angled downwards at a reflex angle, with the palm of the hand facing backwards.







5 – Emergency situation.



Hand holding a cloth and moving in an erratic manner.



I am responding to an emergency situation and should be treated like a priority vehicle. This hand signal should be accompanied by the use of the hazard lights and frequent blasts of the horn. It should only be used in emergency situations.







All Vehicles Must Signal



Remember, all vehicle drivers have an obligation to signal their intention, before they make a manoeuvre, and once they have checked it is safe to do so. All vehicle drivers including bicycles and electric scooters must signal their intentions.

### Seasonal Changes Often Bring Problems

As we reach the end of summer and move towards autumn, the dynamics of driving changes. Whether the change be the reduction in tourist traffic and the increase in school and workflows on the road, or on a personal level, the reintroduction of the school run, or changing work times, all of these factors lead to change, and one physiological result can sometimes be fatigue.



Fatigue is associated with 20-30% of traffic incidents, according to the DGT. Its main cause is driving without rest for too long. In addition, there are many variables in the environment, the vehicle and, especially, the driver that can promote its appearance or increase its effects.



If you perform a task for too long, sooner or later there will come a time when your performance will begin to decline and you will not be able to continue with it effectively. Similarly, driving for many hours is clearly related to road incidents, as over time your ability to drive safely gradually decreases, reaching very dangerous limits.



It is important to emphasise that the most significant factor involved in the onset of fatigue is driving without a break for too long. Of course, there are many other factors that influence this process, such as the difficulty of driving, the type of road or the weather conditions. However, these other factors will only determine when you will begin to experience the symptoms of fatigue, as well as the intensity of these symptoms.



In general, anything that reduces the number of breaks or makes them inadequate, makes driving more difficult or increases the concentration required to drive, increases the monotony of the environment or task, makes driving more uncomfortable, or alters the psychophysical state of the driver will increase the effects of fatigue.



Under the effects of fatigue, your ability to drive safely can be seriously affected, highlighting alterations in vision, hearing, bodily sensations, movements, your behaviour and decision-making.



Recognise the symptoms as soon as they start to appear and you can stop fatigue before you have an incident.



The most important advice, if fatigue starts to set in, is to take a break and refresh yourself, and if you can rest for a longer period of time, then that will be better.

### Spanish Government Committed to Significantly Reducing Permitted Alcohol Level

The Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, has supported this Thursday the initiation of parliamentary procedures to lower the blood alcohol level, considering that "Spanish society is mature" enough to accept this change and further reduce road traffic incidents.



The announcement was made at a Forum Europa Information Breakfast and sources from the Ministry of the Interior have explained that the intention is that, assuming the proposal of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), the general rate will be reduced to 0.2 grams per litre of alcohol in the blood, compared to the current 0.5.



According to these sources, the change would be implemented through article 20 of the general traffic regulations, which would imply the concurrence of the different parliamentary forces for it to be approved and for Spain to align itself with other countries such as Sweden. In June, the measure of the reduction was already proposed, but for novice and professional drivers.



Grande-Marlaska said that the Interior Ministry is supporting this change in response to the requests of associations affected by "road violence", which has left 241 people dead this past summer. "In more than half of the accidents, alcohol or drugs appear as a determining factor," he stressed to justify the measure.



For this reason, he has expressed his support for "tackling the debate" that includes both the reduction of alcohol rates and voluntary courses to recover points on the driving licence.



Grande-Marlaska has taken stock of the gradual reduction in road deaths since the points-based driving licence was introduced, with a current level of 36 deaths per million inhabitants compared to the European Union average of 47 deaths. The challenge now, he said, is to match countries like Sweden, Denmark and Germany.

### Government Approves New Regulations for Historic Vehicles

Vehicles manufactured or registered for the first time at least 30 years ago will be considered historic vehicles. Vehicles included in the General Inventory of Movable Property of the Spanish Historical Heritage, or declared of cultural interest and those of special interest will also be considered historic vehicles.



The new regulation, which will come into force on October 1, urges municipalities to establish formulas in their municipal ordinances that allow the circulation of this type of vehicle.



The use of historic vehicles will be occasional and in no case as a daily means of transport in order to minimise their environmental impact.



The New Historic Vehicle Rules in Detail



The Council of Ministers approved a new Regulation on Historic Vehicles that updates a rule that is already three decades old to adapt it to current European legislation and standardise the treatments and benefits that will be provided to vehicles classified as historic in different countries.



The new regulation, promoted by the Ministries of the Interior and Industry and Tourism, aims to prevent the Spanish regulatory treatment, which is unequal with respect to other European countries, from encouraging the removal or loss of historic vehicles to places outside of Spanish territory.



The new regulation, which will come into force on 1 October, urges local councils, in exercising their powers to regulate the use of urban roads and to restrict the circulation of certain vehicles on said roads for environmental reasons, to establish formulas in their municipal ordinances that allow circulation to those owners who make sporadic or non-habitual use of their historic vehicles.



Historic vehicles over 60 years old are exempt from periodic ITVs, while mopeds classified as historic are completely exempt, although in both cases the owners of such vehicles have the option of opting for voluntary ITV.



The introduction of the Technical Services for Historic Vehicles is noteworthy. These entities will evaluate the vehicles that are intended to be classified as historic and will issue technical reports and certificates in the cases provided for in the regulations. These new entities will carry out work similar to that currently carried out by official laboratories at regional level.



Historic Vehicles Must Be 30 Years Old



In order for vehicles to be considered historic, similar to current regulations, they must meet at least one of the following requirements:



They must have been manufactured or registered for the first time at least 30 years ago, their specific type must have ceased to be produced and they must be in their original condition, without having undergone any fundamental changes in terms of their characteristics or main components. They must also be in a correct state of maintenance and conservation.



Those included in the General Inventory of Movable Property of the Spanish Historical Heritage or declared of cultural interest and those of special interest for having belonged to some relevant personality or intervened in some event with historical significance.



The new Regulation removes the possibility that so-called collector vehicles can be classified as historic.



New Procedures



Two new procedures are regulated for the classification of historic vehicles: one that could be called "abbreviated", which can be used by vehicles registered in Spain that are at least 30 years old, that are in circulation and have a valid ITV (Group A), and another procedure to be followed by those vehicles that do not meet these requirements, which will be somewhat more complex, eliminating in any case the cataloguing phase because it has been proven unnecessary (Group B).



Speed Limits, Children and Seat Belts



The new Regulation also regulates traffic rules for historic vehicles. It establishes a speed limit of 80 km/h for historic vehicles that are not designed to have seat belts in the front seats and prohibits minors of height equal to or less than 135 cm from travelling on interurban roads in historic vehicles that do not have seat belts or in which it is not possible to install child restraint systems.



Historic Vehicles Cannot Be Used Frequently



The use of historic vehicles will be occasional and in no case as a daily means of transport in order to minimise their environmental impact, and the use of historic vehicles for public transport of passengers or goods and for agricultural activities or works and services is generally prohibited.



The new regulation defines ordinary registration to specify that it includes mopeds and agricultural vehicles, among others. It also defines “occasional use” as the circulation of the historic vehicle that does not exceed 96 days per year.



Positive Expectations



The ministries that have promoted the new Regulation expect a positive economic impact, since the norm will allow more professionals and companies to dedicate themselves to the activity of restoring this type of vehicle, as well as increasing the activity of buying and selling.

### How to Avoid a Positive Breathalyser Test!

#SpoilerAlert, the only way is to not drink and drive, but that doesn’t mean that the legend of the urban myth doesn’t get exaggerated through the internet, explaining how you can “cheat” the breathalyser, but the truth is, they don’t work.



The simple answer, as always, is, “if you drink, don’t drive”, as Stevie Wonder once said, and irrespective of the “limits”, whether legal or perceived, the only safe amount of alcohol is zero.



During the summer, one of the three worst periods for drink driving, along with the Christmas period and Easter, the DGT ran an advertising campaign which focussed not only on the zero rate, but also to dispel some of the myths about the breathalyser.



Whether it be swilling with mouthwash, drinking coffee, eating coffee beans, mints, a big meal, or any of the other suggestions you might hear of, none of them work, that is the simple truth.



Remember that currently, the maximum permitted blood alcohol level in Spain is 0.5 grams per litre of blood, and 0.25 milligrams per litre of exhaled air for most drivers.



For professional and novice drivers, the limit is 0.3 grams per litre of blood and 0.15 milligrams per litre of air.



And for those under 18, the limit is precisely what is recommended for all drivers, zero alcohol.

### Your Unanswered Driving Questions Answered – August 2024

Every month, hundreds of thousands of people search the N332.es for their driving questions, and whereas most of them find the answers they are looking for, occasionally the information isn´t there, or sometimes their questions are too vague, so each month now, we will pick out some of those unanswered driving questions and answer them, in brief, and if any need elaborating, we will do that on the website.



So, here is our pick of 5 from the August 2024 searches:



What does a cow sign mean when driving?



There are a number of different warning signs relating to animals on the road, on this occasion, the pictogram that looks like a cow warns of animals under control, such as a cattle track, or perhaps goats, sheep etc, but moving together with human companions.







What does a horizontal triangle sign mean?



Triangular signs on poles generally mean a warning sign, in other words, they are warning of a hazard ahead, either actual or potential. The exception of the inverted sign which refers to give way. If you see the triangle painted on the road, it refers to the give way junction ahead.







Driving in Spain left or right?



In Spain, we drive on the right. In fact, the law dictates that we drive as close to the right as possible, generally, unless something prevents this. This applies on roads with one lane, and multiple lanes. On a road with more than one lane in each direction, the righthand lane is the normal driving lane, additional lanes are for overtaking only, unless indicated that their use is for directional or separation purposes.



The next speed limit sign indicates a maximum of 40, but the small arrow below the sign indicates to us that this is only for the slip road.



Itv Desfavorable meaning?



There are urgent repairs that must be done on your vehicle following the ITV inspection. This is a lesser problem than “negativa”, which would prevent us from driving away from the test centre, but none the less is serious enough that the repairs should be carried out as soon as possible, and in general terms, return to the test centre within 2 months for a retest, which would normally be free.



Green painted lines on road?



We have covered this a number of times over the few years they have been present. They are part of a concept of traffic calming measures, designed to encourage vehicle drivers to slow down and be more careful in problematic areas.







Your Questions



If you have questions about driving in Spain, you can visit both n332.es, and spanishtrafficlaw.es, both of which offer the ability to search, and will give you information based on the query you input. If you can’t find your answer, you can email news@n332.es, and whereas we cannot enter into personal correspondence, we could answer your question in a future article.

### What to Do if you See a School Bus

We are in “back to school” month, and therefore one of the things set to mix with the normal traffic is the school bus, and so we must all know what to do if we see one.



When operating as a school bus, the vehicle must display a pictogram which shows the type of service they are operating on the front and the rear.



Part of the reason for this is to advise other road users that it may stop in unusual locations away from normal bus stops, and there will be children in the vicinity, but also to make other road users aware that the bus is subject to a restricted speed, the maximum permitted speed must be reduced by 10 kilometres per hour.



If you approach a school bus which has stopped, slow down and take it easy, being extra observant and giving the bus more room than you might with other vehicles. There is a chance that some children may be late and run into the road to catch the bus, or those leaving the bus might wander around, oblivious to their surroundings, and so vigilance is crucial.



Unlike some other countries, you are permitted to pass a stopped school bus, but you must be extra cautious when doing so.



If a bus is indicating to pull out, let it. There may be a temptation to try to pass the bus, but courtesy is key, so please give way, if it´s safe to do so.



During late November, there will be an awareness campaign focussing on school buses. The Guardia Civil, DGT, local and regional police will all be working together to check on these vehicles and the use of seatbelts, as well as the drivers, documentation, and vehicle standards, so there is a chance that these vehicles will also be accompanied, seemingly surrounded, or delayed by the presence of these officers, so extra care will be called for.

### Warning Over Increase in Text Message Fine Scams

The number of fake messages that pretend to be from the DGT to scam users is increasing, with more victims falling foul of the scammers.



Generally, a message is sent to a mobile phone and warn of an outstanding fine to pay with a link to enter and proceed with the payment. By doing so, malicious software is introduced into the device.



Often, the warning introduces an element of panic by stating that “you have 24 hours to pay a fine”, for an offence supposedly committed on (insert any date here).







The concept is known as Smishing, a form of phishing via SMS messaging, which consists of impersonating a person, company or service to defraud someone or another company (even a public institution).



The aim of this scam is twofold: first, to introduce a malicious program into the device that allows criminals to collect personal information (name, ID, address, etc.) and, second, to obtain bank details in order to subsequently use them fraudulently. In other words, to steal your money.



The DGT has once again published several of those 'fake' messages that have been circulating for some time. In them, you can read things like: "You have 24 hours left to pay your fine of 04/08/2024" and "last reminder before the increase of your outstanding fine."



The General Directorate of Traffic itself warns that this is a phishing campaign that uses its name to alarm drivers with the urgency of paying a fine: “Phishing cybercriminals are back with more fraudulent messages.



It is important to remember that the DGT never notifies traffic fines by SMS.



The most common method for reporting a fine is by post or the Electronic Road Address (DEV), if you are signed up. If the driver cannot be located by post (due to absence or change of address), the DGT will publish the fine in TESTRA, the DGT notice board, and simultaneously on the BOE's Single Notice Board (TEU).



In addition, fines published in TESTRA and TEU are considered notified 20 days after their publication. Finally, the Electronic Road Address is an electronic mailbox that allows you to receive notifications and communications of traffic fines.



Only in this case is it possible to receive a notification by SMS or email informing you of a pending notification in the DEV.

### One of the Busiest Weekends of the Year on the Roads of Spain - Summer Return 2024

Avoid travelling during unfavourable and very unfavourable times. The traffic forecasts for the days in which this Special Traffic Operation “Return from Summer – 2024” will take place will be as follows:



Friday, August 30, 2024



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 3 p.m. to 11 p.m.



In the early afternoon there will be significant long-distance vehicle movements, causing high intensities and traffic problems in the OUTWARD direction of large urban centres and also on the main access routes to coastal, coastal and rest areas, which will become more pronounced as the afternoon progresses and will then reach the destination areas at the end of the evening.



These movements in the OUTWARD direction due to the start of the September holiday month will also be joined by outward movements due to the start of the summer weekend towards coastal areas and second homes.



For this reason, traffic regulation and management measures will be implemented during the evening to facilitate vehicle circulation in the most problematic areas.



Saturday, August 31, 2024



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m.



From early morning, heavy traffic will continue in the direction OUT of large urban centres, due to the beginning of the September holiday month, towards coastal tourist and relaxation areas, to be placed in the destination areas by late morning.



These outbound movements will be joined, throughout this morning, by the usual summer weekend movements on short distance journeys to second homes and beaches, with traffic problems on the roads that link coastal towns.



In the afternoon, there will be some RETURN movements towards the large urban centres, of those who have finished their holidays and are returning in a " staggered " manner on this Saturday, with high intensity on some road axes.



Traffic regulation and management measures will be implemented in the morning to facilitate vehicle circulation in the most problematic areas.



Sunday, September 1, 2024



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 3 p.m. to midnight.



Access to beaches and the coast will be problematic in the morning, with traffic problems on routes linking coastal towns, and then, in the early afternoon, the RETURN of those who have finished their holidays in August and those who have enjoyed the weekend will begin, with high traffic intensities and traffic problems on the main communication routes that channel all the return movement from coastal and rest areas to large urban centres.



High traffic levels will also be recorded on communication routes with border crossings, due to the return movements of vehicles with foreign registration plates to European countries of origin.



Traffic regulation and management measures will be implemented during the evening to facilitate the entry of vehicles into large urban areas.

### The Latest Road Markings Being Tested in Spain

There have been many different trials in Spain, and other countries, of road markings, such as the Dragon’s Teeth launched some years ago, or the coloured lines, and the latest being put to the test by the Catalan Traffic Service, which may then be extended based on the results of the test phase, is in the Foix Reservoir area and consists of additional markings on the road, specifically on curves.



This measure was put into practice in Austria some time ago by the Kuratorium fur Verkehrssicherheit (KFV), the Austrian equivalent of the Spanish DGT, and provider of the images. The project consisted of painting small circles on the sharpest bends on secondary roads, next to the dividing line between the two lanes. As you approach the apex of the bend, these circles increase in size.



Early studies confirmed that motorcyclists braked more on bends and unconsciously positioned themselves outside the area marked by the circles. In this simple way, in addition to reducing speed, they took bends on the outside, moving away from the centre of the road and giving more space to the oncoming lane.



In Austria, the measure was implemented in 2019 in the Tyrol region, which is popular with motorcyclists who enjoy the spectacular scenery offered by the Alps. According to local data, accidents were reduced by 80% in 2021, compared to the figures between 2012 and 2018.



In Luxembourg, similar measures were put in place in 2016, but instead of painting circles on bends, they painted straight lines following the same principle: as you approached the apex, the lines became longer, forcing the motorcyclist to move away.



The measure was applied on curves where 77% of motorcyclists crossed the dividing line of the road and the results of the studies were very positive: the infraction rate was reduced to 44% of motorcyclists.



In the case of the initiative by the Catalan Traffic Service, it is similar to the Luxembourg model, that is, it uses two straight lines at the apex of the sharpest curves to move motorcyclists away from the centre of the lane.

### The Truth About Green Speed Limit Signs

There has been some speculation through the summer about new speed indication road signs, which differ from the ones we usually see on the roads of Spain, because they have a green circular border.



The stories which have been published in some press and subsequently shared through social media as usual, state that these signs are already in operation in neighbouring France and will be coming to Spain soon.



However, both parts of that statement are false. These road signs are specific to the United Kingdom and the purpose is to inform drivers about the recommended maximum speed.



In Spain, we already have a sign used for that purpose, the blue square, which indicates the same recommended maximum speed.



There is a similar looking sign already used in Spain, but for trains (Pre-announcement of maximum speed).



Moreover, according to the DGT, there is no intention of including them in the Spanish catalogue of road signs, nor has the possibility of implementing them ever been studied in Spain.




Used in Spain



Used in the UK

### You Should Normally Park on the Right-Hand Side of the Road

There has been a considerable increase in the number of vehicles parked illegally, because they are simply parked on the wrong side of the road.













As detailed in Article 90 of Spanish Traffic Law, vehicles must be parked on the right, in other words, in the flow of traffic. There are two main reasons for this, the first is because the vehicle has reflectors which therefor illuminate the correct position of the vehicle parked at night. The second is because of the impeded visibility when trying to emerge and cross traffic to start a journey.



As Article 90 explains about parking on urban roads, “it has to be done on the road or on the hard shoulder, the vehicle will be located as close as possible to its right side, except on one-way roads, where parking can also be done on the left side (article 38.2 of the articulated text).



Therefore, if you are on a normal road where traffic flows in both direction it is mandatory that you park on the right. You are not permitted to park on the left side, since you would be facing oncoming traffic.



Moreover, Article 91 explains that stopping and parking must be carried out in such a way that the vehicle does not obstruct traffic or constitute a risk to other road users, especially taking care of the vehicle's positioning and preventing it from moving when the driver is absent. (Article 38.3 of the articulated text).



Special attention with parking large vehicles on corners or crossings as they hinder visibility to drivers who want to join or cross the road. It is usually the case to find vans or caravans parked in places that even though it is not forbidden to park there, due to their size they limit visibility creating risky situations to other drivers as they cannot see. In these cases, even though these vehicles are allowed to park they should look for another parking spot.

### You Won´t Get There Any Quicker!

“You won´t get there any quicker” might well be a saying you have heard at some point in your life, as a speeding driver passes a vehicle driving somewhat more appropriately. In fact, as any traffic cop would testify, “sorry officer, I was late for work / a weeding / the doctor” is a common excuse, but the reality is, the speed your vehicle is travelling is not directly related to time.



A warning, this is another complicated scientific reason, much like how we explained recently how your speedometer is most likely displaying an incorrect speed, but if you are a fan of motorsports, you are most likely already aware of the concept, because we are talking about pace.



First, the potentially complicated science bit. Speed and pace are different concepts. Speed is a measurement of distance per time, whereas pace is a measurement of time per distance.



Some vehicles these days are fitted with paceometers in addition to speedometers, in order to highlight the problem caused by this misconception, known as the “time-saving bias”, whereas people tend to misestimate the time they can save by increasing the speed in which they perform an activity such as driving.



Although for this example we will use a bit of artistic licence to demonstrate pace in terms of vehicle motion, to explain, if you are travelling at 10 kilometres per hour, that is your speed, whereas your pace is the time per distance, and so at that speed it would take you 1 hour, or 60 minutes, to cover a distance of 10 kilometres.



To look at a few more examples of this, if we are travelling at 30 kilometres per hour, it would take us a third of an hour to cover the 10 kilometres, 20 minutes.



At 50 kilometres per hour it would take 12 minutes. Traveling at 60 kilometres per hour we would cover the 10 kilometres in 10 minutes.



If we go higher to 80 kilometres per hour, it takes us 7 and a half minutes, if we travel at 90 it will take us 6.7 minutes, at 100 kilometres per hour it takes 6 minutes, at 120 it will take 5 minutes, and if we exceed the motorway speed limit and travel at 130 kilometres per hour, it will take us 4.6 minute to travel 10 kilometres.



If you use a mapping system for route-finding and have ever found yourself rushing in this way, you will perhaps have noticed that the estimated time of arrival barely changes. This is the reason.



What this shows us is that at the lower end of the speed scale, the difference in time is significant. To travel our 10 kilometres at 10 kmph taking an hour, reduced to just 20 minutes if we drive at 30, saving us 40 minutes.



However, at the upper end of the scale, the time saved is utterly insignificant by comparison. If we add the same 20 kilometres excess to our 80 kmph speed, so we travel at 100 kilometres per hour, the time saving is just 1 minute.







And yet, when we get to those higher speeds, we put ourselves and other road users in a heightened state of risk. For the sake of a minute, is it worth it?



So, if you are late, just be late. Don’t put yourselves and others in an unnecessary state of risk, it is really not worth it, and if you are ever stopped for speeding, perhaps think twice before using time as an excuse, because it simply doesn't count.

### How to Check if you Have a Traffic Fine Without Having a Digital Signature

With more than 2,100 radar locations confirmed by the DGT, any mistake can result in a fine. To find out if that radar you passed and didn't see has fined you or not, the DGT has a free and open access tool, without having to install software or provide identification.



HOW TO ACCESS THE DGT'S NOTICE BOARD OF SANCTIONS WITHOUT A DIGITAL CERTIFICATE



First, go to the DGT WEB portal and to the “Consulta del Tablón Edictal de Sanciones (TESTRA/TEU)” (Consultation of the Edictal Board of Sanctions (TESTRA/TEU)) section.



You can change the language to English near the top right of the page, but because it only partially translates, we will continue to explain the path using the Spanish text with the most likely automatic translations in brackets.



The direct link is:



https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/multas/consulta-del-tablon-edictal-de-sanciones



Choose how to enter in “Acceso al servicio“ (Access the service) section, looking for “Sin Certificado” (Without certificate) and click that button.







A new window will open, which is the search engine.



The direct link is:



https://sedeapl.dgt.gob.es/WEB_TTRA_CONSULTA/Todos.faces



Now, you will see a box marked “Buscar:” (search) where you can check if you have any outstanding traffic fines by entering your details in the search engine (DNI, NIE, CIF, registration number, etc.).







This notice board can be consulted whenever you want and the DGT ensures that the sanctions published in TESTRA will be considered notified 20 days after their publication. The notices can be consulted simply as we have told you through the DGT electronic office, and without the need for a digital certificate or electronic ID, but if you do have a digital signature it is better to enter the system using that through their digital office.



Privacy Concerns?



One of the potential issues with the search engine is that the information is public, and anyone can search with the information they have. If you do not want anyone to be able to view your personal data or the violations that the DGT issues you and that appear written in the TESTRA, you can also unsubscribe in the “Alta y baja en la lista de excluidos” (Registration and deregistration from the exclusion list) section.



You can also check fines and pay them through the miDGT app, but you have to download it and register.



Warning Notes



It is important to note that this system only works for those fines managed through the DGT. It is also important to make sure that you are on the official website and under no circumstances submit any kind of payment information to receive this information.

### 10,000 Emergency Calls Per Day

During the mid-August holiday period, the '1·1·2 Community of Valencia' emergency telephone number, managed by the Valencian Agency for Security and Emergency Response (AVSRE) of the Ministry of Justice and Interior, has received a total of 42,217 phone calls and handled 11,485 incidents. On average, 1·1·2 has handled around 10,000 phone calls and managed around 3,000 incidents a day, most of them of a health nature.



Friday the 16th and Saturday the 17th were the days on which 1·1·2 received the greatest number of phone calls (10,951 and 11,109, respectively), but Sunday the 18th was the day on which more incidents were handled, with a total of 2,908. During these four days, the shifts of the staff of the 1·1·2 Valencian Community telephone line have increased by 18%.



By typology, health incidents are at the top (6,104); followed by those related to security (2,342); incidents, for example, on roads or highways or in public transport (811), humanitarian services (776), accidents (445) and environmental conditions (249).



The 1·1·2 emergency phone number offers a telephone service in the two official languages ​​of the Valencian Community, Spanish and Valencian, but also in the community languages ​​English, French and German. During the bridge, 378 incidents were handled in these languages, and English is the most used by those who have called, above the other two.

### N332 Magazine - Issue 29 - Summer 2024

Hello again from a very hot and sticky Mark Nolan, here with the latest edition of the N332 magazine, a bumper summer edition (more than 80 pages), double the normal size.



Introduction



Many people take a break in summer, so we figure it is better to just put everything together into a bumper edition, so you can come and go as you please, from the beach, the pool, or locked inside your home with the blinds down until all of the tourists go home (my personal preference!)! Whatever your personal summer preference, we hope you will find this edition fulfilling.



As always, we have our sections supported by our partners, Coys Rent a Car, Ibex Insurance, The Leader, Quironsalud, and Car Registrations Spain, and this edition we welcome Linea Directa too.



Remember, we have a huge catalogue of articles on the website, n332.es, and you can pick up The Leader every Monday, not forgetting the information on the Facebook page.



If you have any questions you can always email news@n332.es, and whereas we can´t guarantee we will reply to all questions because of the volume we receive, we will try and create future articles around your doubts to answer as many questions as we can for the benefit of all.



Finally, at the bottom of the website, you can find links to all of the official and live traffic information sites, so make sure you check before you travel.



For now, stay safe, and see you out and about.



Mark



N332 Magazine - Issue 29 - Bumper Summer Edition







Scan or Click to View Full Screen (Mobile Optimised)

### 725 People Have Died on the Roads of Spain so Far This Year

In the latest figures published by the Directorate General of Traffic in Spain, the DGT, as of 18 August 2024, 725 people have died on the roads of Spain.



Of these fatalities, 210 people lost their lives on motorways, and 515 on other roads.



287 of the victims were vulnerable road users, consisting of 196 motorcyclists, 54 pedestrians, 7 on mopeds, 2 on VMPs (electric scooters), and 28 cyclists.



These figures are only on the road network under the control of the DGT, and do not include many local incidents.



In the main holiday break of the summer alone, that is between 14 and 18 August, 15 people died in 13 fatal incidents.



Of these, 9 were vulnerable road users, 7 motorcyclists and 2 pedestrians.



We have to bear in mind that these figures are still extremely high, and in the context of a time when vehicles are getting safer, and so we must start to realise that these are the actions of humans, normally drivers, and their attitude to driving.



An example to prove that comes from the Valencia Region, although the picture is similar around the country, where during the month of July, the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil brought a total of 250 drivers to court as alleged perpetrators of crimes against road safety.



To be clear, to be classed as a “crime”, the offence must be particularly serious. Most traffic offences are administrative, in so much as you will be dealt with through a fine and possible loss of points. Criminal acts are those so serious they pet lives at considerable risk. Again, a choice by the driver.



Of those across Valencia who were taken to court, 87 were for driving without a permit or licence (of which 44 had already exhausted all of their points, 7 for being provisionally deprived by court decision and 36 for never having obtained a permit or licence in the first place), 142 were brought to court for doing so under the excessive influence of alcohol, 2 for excessive speed, 9 for reckless driving, 1 for leaving the scene of an incident and 9 for driving under the influence of drugs.



As you can see from the statistics, each of those dangerous actions which resulted in a court appearance were the choice of those involved. Just like we all have a choice to obey the traffic rules and make the roads safer for all.

### What to Do If You Come Across a Fire Whilst Driving

During the summer period, Spain and other countries are on high alert for forest fires, which can be devastating to both the environment, and potentially to life. Because of the consequences of human actions, the penalties for throwing cigarettes or other items out of the car are high, but it is also important to know what to do if you come across a fire whilst driving.



The very first thing to do is remain calm. Do not panic. Also, do not put yourself at risk. Get to a safe location, identify exactly where you are, and then summon assistance, which is often best done through the 112 emergency number.



What to do if you encounter a fire while driving



If you discover that one of the stretches of road you are travelling on is affected by a fire, do not take any risks and stop your journey. In this case, it is best to stop in a nearby town (or, if there is none, in a place without vegetation) until you are sure that you can continue safely; or even retrace your steps.



The DGT recommends the following:



The first recommendation is to take general precautionary measures in case of any eventuality: travel with your mobile phone battery charged and with water in the car.



Notify 112 of the location of the fire. It is important that you never assume that they already know, as they may be overwhelmed by the existence of multiple sources of fire.



If you have the My112 app (available on Android and iOS), use it so emergency services can track your location more accurately.



Roll up the windows and turn off the vehicle's ventilation systems to prevent toxic gases from entering the passenger compartment.



The DGT reminds that, in the presence of heavy smoke that reduces visibility, it is essential to turn on the car lights and the emergency lights to alert other drivers of your position.



If you find yourself in an extreme situation that requires you to abandon your car, make sure to cover all skin on your body and your respiratory tract, stay away from fire, and avoid taking shelter in caves or holes, as you could run out of oxygen. If possible, breathe through a damp cloth.



Always follow any instructions from emergency services in the area.



What you should not do in case of fire



First of all, the DGT warns that you should never try to cross an area affected by fire or smoke: the flames can move quickly and catch you before you can react. Instead, look for an alternative route that will take you away from danger.



If you need to stop, look for a safe place to do so. Choose a place that is far from the flames, in the opposite direction to the wind blowing and without vegetation around. “If none of this is possible, it is best to opt for an already burned area. If you are driving on an off-road route, you should look for asphalt as this will act as a firebreak,” they point out.



In these cases, it is also advisable to follow these recommendations:



Avoid going to high areas, as flames tend to move to higher areas.



Don't leave your vehicle unless absolutely necessary; the vehicle offers some protection from heat and flames. If you must leave, look for an already burned area, as the fire is less likely to return there.



In summer, due to the high temperatures and dryness of the environment, it is advisable to avoid parking the car on any type of vegetation, as the heat from the engine could start a fire. It has happened before.



The DGT also reminds us that it is always better to park your car in paved areas rather than in dirt car parks, as the latter may have a vegetal substrate that could catch fire.

### Summer Motorcycle Tips

Summer is a great time for those who like the freedom of two wheels, feeling the wind as you ride through towns and countries, a freedom like no other, but we must also be aware that with the freedom of two wheels comes a great responsibility, as motorcycles are amongst some of the most vulnerable vehicles on the road, a situation often worsened by bad riding practice by the riders themselves.



According to the Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) figures, whereas motorcycles account for just 3% of traffic, they account for 25% of fatalities.



Of course, if is not only the riders to blame. Other road users must also pay particular attention to others, including the most vulnerable, but the DGT are running a campaign throughout the summer to make those riders who do flout the rules, and risk their safety and that of others, by clamping down on unsafe practices.



Motorcycle riders are obliged to abide by all of the rules of the road in the sae way as other road users. Inappropriate speed, dangerous overtaking, weaving in and out of traffic, are just some of the practices frequently witnessed committed by motorcyclists, and some of the actions that the Guardia Civil are closely monitoring.



In fact, the Guardia Civil recently adopted a new approach to motorbike safety, by starting to use unmarked motorbikes themselves, allowing them to move unnoticed until they were needed to take action against a dangerous rider.



Some of the most common DO NOTs include don’t speed, don’t overtake inappropriately or illegally, crossing the solid white line for example, don’t ride on the hard shoulder, only mopeds should do that, don’t weave in and out of traffic.



DO act courteously and responsibly, keeping your distance, abiding by road signs, including the STOP sign, remembering that it is mandatory to put at least one foot down on the ground, do keep within the speed limits.



It is not only about the actions on the road, but also equally important to protect yourself.



Remember that wearing a helmet is mandatory. Riding a motorcycle is 17 times more likely to cause an incident than riding a car. And in 20% of motorcycle incidents, the helmet is thrown off due to the wrong size. Always wear one that is the right size and fastened properly.



Please, don’t be tempted to strip down to shorts and a t-shirt, the same applies to passengers, as skin does not fair well when scraped along tarmac. You should protect your body with appropriate clothing, preferably breathable technical clothing with adequate protection, which prevents heat from being stored in our body and thus reduces the chances of suffering heat stroke. Do not forget gloves and technical shoes or boots, appropriate to the type of motorcycle you ride. It is advisable to use vests or jackets with built-in airbags.



You should stay hydrated (water, juices, etc.) but not a drop of alcohol. Drink from time to time, otherwise your reflexes will slow down, and you will make more mistakes. Stop for a break and drink. In addition, stretch your legs. Riding for a long time in the same position is exhausting.

### Cyclists Are Permitted to Ride in Pairs but Not Always

With the exception of areas where prohibitions apply, the roads of Spain are considered shared spaces, where vehicles of all different sizes and characteristics can circulate with equal right, but with rights come responsibilities, and we each must play our part in ensuring the safe flow of traffic.



When it comes to the size and characteristics of a vehicle, amongst the most vulnerable are cyclists, to which we also include e-scooter users more recently, but for the time being we are focussing on cyclists.



It is fair to say that many car drivers don’t like cyclists, and of those, unfortunately, some put those vulnerable road users in a dangerous position by not respecting the rules. That said, it is also true that some cyclists also add and fuel the problem for the same reason, not respecting the rules.



People who ride bicycles end up suffering the worse consequences of a collision and are the ones who come out worst. In 2022, the last year for which we have completed data, a total of 44 cyclists died in Spain and the DGT has set out to lower this figure.



One basic rule that the DGT would like to remind cyclists of is that on a general road they should ride on the right-hand side wherever possible.



Plus, if the road conditions allow, cyclists are permitted to ride two abreast, but are required to always ride in single file if the road is not clearly visible or overtaking is not possible, or they impede the flow of traffic. Cyclists can even be fined for posing a danger to road safety, leading to a fine.



It is not only the cyclists who need reminding though, as other vehicle users are also at risk of a fine for putting cyclists in danger, and vehicles must respect the minimum distance of 1.5 metres when overtaking or they also risk a fine. On a road consisting of two lanes or more in the same direction, you must move entirely over to the second lane to pass.

### The Next Summer Traffic Operation Starts Today - Operation August 15 2024

Summer traffic operations continue, due to the increase of vehicles in certain areas, and the movements to and from holiday and leisure destinations, and this week we have one of the most significant of the summer season, second only to the final “operation return”, as we have a national holiday on 15 August, which will be further complicated this year by the threat of adverse weather in places.



Special Operation - August 15



You should avoid travelling during unfavourable and very unfavourable times. The traffic forecasts for the days in which this Special Traffic Operation “August 15 – 2024” will take place will be as follows:



Wednesday, August 14, 2024



In the early afternoon there will be significant long-distance vehicle movements, causing high intensities and traffic problems in the OUTWARD direction of large urban centres and also on the main access routes to coastal tourist and leisure areas, second homes and towns during festivals, with these becoming more pronounced as the afternoon progresses and, in the late afternoon-evening, reaching their destination areas.



These movements in the OUTWARD direction are motivated by the beginning of the second half of the August holiday season, as well as the start of the festive period of rest and leisure on August 15, together with the following weekend, with numerous festivals in towns throughout the country.



For this reason, traffic regulation and management measures will be implemented during the evening to facilitate vehicle circulation in the most problematic areas.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 3 p.m. to midnight.



Thursday, August 15, 2024



From early morning, heavy traffic will continue in the direction of OUT of large urban centres and on routes linking coastal towns, access to the coast and second home areas, to reach destination areas by late morning.



These outbound movements will be joined, throughout this morning, by the usual short-distance access to beaches and for the festivities in numerous towns throughout the country.



On this day, traffic regulation and management measures will be implemented to facilitate the exit of vehicles from large urban centres and access to coastal tourist areas.



Late in the evening, there will be movements returning to the large urban centres.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.



Friday, August 16, 2024



During the morning there will be the usual movements of entry/exit to large urban centres as it is a working day, which will be smaller than on normal days as this day falls within the festive period of “August 15”.



In the afternoon, there will be movements in the OUTWARD direction with the main destinations being the coastal and littoral tourist areas, rest areas and towns celebrating the start of the weekend.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 6 p.m. to 10 p.m.



Saturday, August 17, 2024



During the morning there will be high traffic movements in the direction OUT of the large urban centres, mainly towards coastal tourist and leisure areas, generated by those who begin their holidays in the second half of this month of August and at the weekend, to be placed in their destination areas by the end of the morning.



In addition to these outbound movements, the usual short-distance access movements to beach and coastal areas will take place throughout the morning.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.



Sunday, August 18, 2024



Traffic will be difficult in the morning on short journeys, on roads connecting coastal towns and access to beach areas.



In the afternoon, the RETURN of those who have enjoyed a break during this festive period and those who end their holidays in the first half of August will begin, with high traffic intensities and circulation problems on the main road communication axes that channel all the return movement from the rest areas, coast and second homes, towards the accesses of the large urban centres, and this return may last until late at night.



Traffic regulation and management measures will be implemented during the evening to facilitate the entry of vehicles into large urban areas.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 5 p.m. to midnight.



BE AWARE OF ADVERSE WEATHER CONDITIONS ON THE ROAD, WHICH MAY APPEAR AT ANY TIME




Act at speed and safety distance.



Any meteorological incident affects driving in two ways, which can act simultaneously or individually.



Decreases visibility.



It reduces the grip between the tire and the road.




Therefore, if there is snow, ice, fog, rain or wind on the road, always:



SLOW DOWN AND INCREASE SAFETY DISTANCE




Be punctually informed on the road.



Timely information will allow us to make decisions about the most suitable route and avoid inconveniences.



Stop off the road in extreme situations.



When, due to significant precipitation (downpour, hail) or extreme weather conditions (snow, ice, wind, fog), traffic becomes difficult and poses a danger to road safety, drivers must stop off the road in an appropriate place until the conditions cease and allow the journey to resume.



Inform the destination of any possible extension of travel time due to adverse weather conditions.



Do not leave your vehicle parked off the road unless you are sure you can reach a shelter or house to call for help.



Facilitate roadside assistance and maintenance.



Attention to vehicles belonging to the Security Forces, emergency services and road maintenance, which must be able to access any point on the road; therefore, any driver who encounters them must facilitate their passage.

### How to Identify Different Roads in Spain

In Spain, there are various codes for the different highways, high-capacity roads and other routes that serve to control the network and keep it fully identified, something useful not only in the event of being in the middle of a trip, but also when suffering from some type of incident and it is necessary to recognise where we are.







The identifying signs will have a letter as a prefix, then numbers, and will have a different coloured background. Green refers to the European route number, and the prefix will be “E”. Blue is for motorways. A red background indicates it is part of the national road network, and the prefix in this case will be “N”, indicating national road, such as the N-332. The numbered signs with a brown background are those under the control of a regional body, such as the CV-905, the CV being indicative in this case of the Communidad Valenciana. There may also be other green-backed signs, again in this case with the regional prefix, which are second level roads under the control of the regional authority. Finally, yellow-backed numbers are third level roads under the control of the regional body.



The blue signs will have the letters A and AP that indicate, on the one hand, the autovías, which are motorways or high-capacity roads managed by the State, and, on the other, the autopistas, motorways which are sometimes managed by private operators and on which you sometimes, but not always, have to pay a toll. Sometimes, the sections of highways or motorways that bypass cities are also identified with the letter that refers to the city, such as the M-30 or M-40 in Madrid.



Then, there are the national highways, always denominated with the letter N followed by the corresponding numbering with a red background. From this level is when the first, second and third level roads begin to be named with orange, green and yellow colours.



The first ones are the most important highways of the autonomous community in question, the second level roads are also often referred to as provincial roads and the last ones, third level, as local ones. These roads usually have a single lane for each direction, they are found connecting towns or small towns that are not reached by high-capacity roads and do not have the characteristics of the former.

### Summer Driving Tips - Keep Cool and Hydrated

It's summer and we are experiencing several heat waves that bring us very high temperatures. This represents a fairly high risk when we get behind the wheel. But we can take several precautions when starting the trip or simply when we have to drive at times when the heat is pressing, and it is difficult to maintain a pleasant temperature inside the car.



When you get into your car when it's so hot, you need to reduce the temperature inside. So, it's a good idea to leave the door open for a few minutes to let the warm air out. It's a good idea to roll down the windows to allow a draft and renew the air inside. In just a few seconds, the temperature will drop considerably.



It is not a good idea to leave the vehicle unattended though.



When you are ready to set off, before turning on the air conditioning, it is best to keep the windows down and drive for a few minutes. This way, the air flow will allow the temperature to drop a little more. After driving for a few minutes, you can close the windows and turn on the air conditioning or climate control. This will allow the temperature inside the car to be slightly lower, making driving more pleasant and avoiding the heat from outside.



The temperature at which you set your air conditioning is a very personal matter. However, it is still advisable to set it to a temperature no lower than 22 degrees. This will make driving cooler, but there will not be a huge difference to the outside temperature.



You too need to stay well hydrated. There is a risk when actually driving that the act of drinking can distract you, and so it can result in a fine. If it is safe, and perhaps a passenger can help you open the bottle, an occasional sip should not pose a problem. However, you should pay attention to this issue and plan your road trip by scheduling the appropriate stops so you can eat and drink safely.



Clothing is important, so you should dress comfortably and wear appropriate footwear.



When parking, you should look for a place with shade. As shade varies throughout the day, you should bear in mind that you may be in the shade in the morning and in the sun for several hours in the afternoon. A sunshade in the front can make the temperature rise a little less than if you let the sun shine directly on you. If you can put a second sunshade in the back, it will help reduce the effect of the sun on the passenger compartment.

### What are the most effective therapies for the rehabilitation of brain damage after a traffic accident?

Dr. Mirko Alavena, coordinator of the neurorehabilitation service at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja explains the details of this injury and how necessary neurorehabilitation is.



Acquired brain injury (ABI) refers to any injury to the brain that occurs after birth, in contrast to congenital brain injuries, which are present from birth.



Dr. Mirko Alavena, coordinator of the neurorehabilitation service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, warns that "ACBD can affect people of any age and can have a significant impact on an individual's physical, cognitive and emotional functioning".



This type of injury can be caused by a variety of factors including:



-Cranioencephalic trauma (CTE), which is caused by impacts to the head, which can result from traffic accidents, falls, assaults, among others.



-Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA): better known as strokes, they can be ischaemic (caused by blockage of blood vessels) or haemorrhagic (caused by rupture of blood vessels).



-Infections: Such as encephalitis or meningitis, which affect brain tissue.



-Brain anoxia or hypoxia: Lack of oxygen to the brain due to situations such as drowning, suffocation or cardiac arrest.



-Brain tumours: which can damage surrounding brain tissue.



-Degenerative diseases: such as Alzheimer's disease, although this is a particular case given its inevitably progressive nature.



-Toxins and substances: Intoxication by drugs, alcohol or chemicals.



-In road traffic accidents, injuries that can cause brain damage include brain contusions, which are direct blows to the brain that cause bruising or bruising of the brain. There are also concussions, which are "less severe injuries but can have cumulative effects, especially if they occur repeatedly," says Alavena.



Neurorehabilitation in Torrevieja



Neurorehabilitation is a therapeutic process aimed at helping people who have suffered brain damage to recover their functions and improve their quality of life. This process includes the assessment, treatment and monitoring of the patient to maximise their physical, cognitive and emotional recovery.



It involves professionals from different areas such as neurology, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, neuropsychology; and other specialists may participate depending on the particular needs of the patient.



This procedure is "necessary after a traffic accident when the individual has suffered some kind of brain damage that affects their physical, cognitive or emotional abilities," says Dr Alavena. This may include loss of mobility or sensation in some part of the body, difficulties in speech or communication, or cognitive problems such as memory loss.



Other symptoms may include difficulty concentrating or problems with decision-making, emotional changes such as depression, anxiety or personality changes. All of these can lead to loss of functional skills needed for daily activities. All this boils down to the fact that "if these symptoms are detected in the medical evaluation after the accident, they should be assessed and, if possible, neurorehabilitation should be started as soon as possible," says Alavena.



The duration of neurorehabilitation treatment varies widely depending on the severity of the brain damage.



Neurorehabilitation techniques



The main neurorehabilitation techniques include:



Physiotherapy: To improve mobility, balance, strength and coordination.



Occupational therapy: To help regain skills needed for daily and work activities.



Speech therapy: To address speech and swallowing problems.



Neuropsychology: To address cognitive and emotional problems.



Cognitive stimulation: Through exercises and activities that improve memory, attention and other cognitive functions.



Technology-assisted therapies: such as virtual reality, robotics or neurofeedback.



Pharmacological therapy: When necessary to manage specific symptoms.



The duration of a neurorehabilitation treatment varies widely depending on the severity of the brain damage, the patient's response to treatment and their individual goals. It can last from a few months to several years.



In some cases, as the doctor clarifies, "rehabilitation can be a continuous process with intensive treatment phases followed by long-term maintenance and support". Regular assessment of the patient's progress is crucial to adjust the treatment plan as needed.



Multidisciplinary and personalised treatment for road traffic accident patients



The most effective therapies for the rehabilitation of brain damage after a traffic accident are based on multidisciplinary work, i.e. a team of several professionals working towards a common goal of recovery: from the rehabilitation doctor, the neurologist, neurological physiotherapists, and neuropsychologists, as well as requesting assistance from other professionals according to the particular needs of the patient.



"Each patient," explains the neurorehabilitator, "must have an intensive and individualised daily plan of an average duration of forty-five minutes each, both on an inpatient and outpatient basis, with the aim of recovering the damaged functions, strengthening those that are reserved and adapting the limitations that may derive from the brain damage".



This type of therapy is of long duration with an inpatient stay while the patient is dependent on medical care and continuing with outpatient rehabilitation. "The important thing is that families know that in the face of a brain injury there are alternatives for recovering autonomy, we have cases with 100% recovery and others in which they have managed to return to daily life with a great deal of independence. In addition, it is important to turn to patient associations and hospital centres such as Quirónsalud Torrevieja where the patient can count on support and advice without obligation," says Dr. Alavena.



Free care for traffic injuries



Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante have a Traffic Unit made up of rehabilitation experts, traumatologists, neurologists and therapists. The aim of this unit is to offer a personalised service to all victims of traffic accidents, guaranteeing their safety and peace of mind. We offer totally free assistance 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, uninterruptedly in the emergency department of the Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital.



The services of this Unit include first emergency visit, hospitalisation, diagnostic tests, consultations with the different experts, rehabilitation doctor and rehabilitation treatment, intensive care unit and, if necessary, urgent surgery. In addition, professionals have rapid access to support services (magnetic resonance imaging, CT, ultrasound, laboratory and operating theatre) to make an accurate diagnosis.



One of the keys to this Traffic Unit is the multidisciplinary approach to patients, as most musculoskeletal and spinal injuries require the coordination of different specialties for both healing and stabilisation of the injuries. The specialist from the Torrevieja Neurorehabilitation service adds that the recovery time after these injuries varies greatly from patient to patient, although the average is between one and three months.



Request information about the neurorehabilitation service at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja.

### Changes to Child Car Seat Rules from September

From 1st September 2024, only child car seats which display the R129 approval label may be sold, both in the new and second-hand marketplace.



Child seats approved according to the previous ECE R44/04 standard must be removed from stores and may not be sold, either new or second-hand.



The previous standard has been in place for many years, with both certificates coexisting, but from this year, the older models must be withdrawn.







How is R44/04 different from R129?



One difference between the two standards, visible on the labels themselves, is that the old standard divides seats into groups: 0+, 1, 2/3…  based on the child's weight. For example, a group 1 seat was suitable for children weighing between 9 and 18 kg. In the new standard, the range of use of seats is indicated based on the child's height, without defined groups; for example, a seat for children measuring between 40 and 83 cm in height.



Another difference that cannot be seen with the naked eye is that the R129 approval standard includes a side impact test that was not carried out with the R44/04.



Older seats indicate the old approval standard (ECE R44/04) at the top; the range of use in terms of the child's weight in kilograms (kg) is also indicated, and the group to which the seat belongs is indicated at the bottom.



New seats indicate the new ECE R129 approval standard at the top, and the range of use is also indicated with the child's height in centimetres (cm). Most seats with R129 approval are also i-Size, which was a standard originally introduced to ensure that car seat sizes were compatible with child seat sizes.



What does Isofix mean?



Isofix is ​​an international anchoring system for child car seats. It can have 2 or 3 anchoring points, which are usually called top tether. There are seats approved under the old standard that have Isofix anchors and also models under the new standard.



Are today's chairs safer?



It depends on the model, but it is true that the new standard is more demanding than the previous one in terms of the minimum safety requirements for approval and marketing. For example, a seat approved under the old standard was not subjected to a side impact test, so it could have been marketed even if it had poor results in that test.



Under the new standard, all seats are subjected to side impact tests and those that do not meet the minimum requirements of the standard cannot be marketed.



What do I do if I have an old chair?



If you have a chair approved under the previous standard, you can continue using it without any problem. It is the sale of these older standard seats which is to be prohibited, not its use. You can of course replace the seat with one that satisfies the new standard if you wish.

### Another New Spanish Road Sign to Know

We probably realise by now that road signs adapt and new versions are added occasionally, and although some new signs are more obvious than others, if we don’t keep ourselves aware of what the new signs mean, we can easily become confused by some of the less obvious variants, such as the new sign officially called the S-70 in the catalogue of road signs.







What does the S-70 road sign mean?



To understand the meaning of the S-70 sign, we will begin by explaining that it is part of the 'Lane signs' in the DGT's Catalogue of vertical traffic signs. The 'Lane signs' are for indication and range from S-50 to S-99.



This DGT S-70 sign has a number of variants, the principles are S-70a and S-70b, as you can see in the image. The sign refers to traffic joining or merging onto an established road, from the left or right, respectively.



Specifically, the meaning of the S-70 is advising us of:



S-70a, merging of a lane on the left into a one-lane roadway: Indicates, on a roadway with one traffic lane, that a lane will merge on the left side.



S-70b: merging of a lane on the right into a one-lane roadway: Indicates, on a roadway with one traffic lane, that a lane will merge on the right side.



Therefore, the S-70 sign warns of the moment when two lanes are going to merge and become one.



What you should do if you see the S-70 sign



If you see the S-70, you should be careful and, having checked the road situation around you, prepare to adapt your speed and distance to other vehicles to prepare for the merge of the two lanes. Although vehicles on the main carriageway have priority, it is courteous to safely allow traffic to merge. It is also courteous to acknowledge and thank those drivers who offer this courtesy.



It is also important to check whether there are any additional signs to the S-70 sign and, above all, follow the road markings that will guide you before the lanes merge.



There are also other variants: the S-71, S-72 and S-73



This sign also has three other variants: S-71, S-72 and S-73. In turn, these three variants also have two others, thus we have: S-71a, S-71b, S-72a, S-72b, S-73a and S-73b.







The same principle applies to the S-70 with these variants, the only difference is the number of lanes on the main carriageway in the case od S-71 and S-72, two and three lanes, respectively, and the number of lanes joining in the case of S-73.

### Can I Drive at 55 kmph in a 50 Zone Without Being Fined?

This is a common question that occurs frequently and has been brought back into the limelight due to the increase in the number of speed cameras being installed on the road network in Spain, but the simple answer is no, you cannot drive at 55 kilometres per hour in a 50 zone and not get fined.



It’s myth busting time again, and this belief that you are allowed to exceed the speed limit before you get fined is exactly that, a myth, but it is a myth which is based on something factual and somewhat scientific, known as the margin of error.



For the purpose of simplicity, we are using 50 kilometres per hour throughout this article, but the principle applies at all speeds. To demonstrate the proof of what we are saying, look at the table of fines provided by the DGT in their Know Your Traffic Laws leaflet, and you can clearly see, for a 50 kilometre per hour limit road, the fine is issued at 51 kilometres per hour. Not 56, or 58, or any other variation, but 51.







It is true that speed cameras are set at a slightly higher limit than the road, an amount which is irrelevant so we will not reveal that, but it is not so that you are allowed to exceed the speed limit, it is because your speedometer is most likely showing the incorrect speed.



There are two reasons we will explain that contribute to this, and apologies to any experts in the mathematical field, we admit that we are simplifying this for the purpose of offering an explanation, but the first thing we have to tell you is that irrespective of the speed your vehicle is travelling, there is one part (or four parts usually to be exact) which is not moving at all. That is the part of the tyre in contact with the road. If it were moving, you would be skidding. There is also the opposite at the top of the wheel, where the speed is doubled. This actual speed also changes based on wheel size, which includes over or under inflated tyres, for example, and even the turn circle, going over bumps, the weight of the load, there are many different factors that constantly change the actual speed the vehicle is moving.



The second problem, under EU law, speedometers must never underreport a vehicle's speed. It is however permitted to over report the speed, to an extent, but never under. Therefore, in theory, you should never be driving at a speed faster than what the speedo says.



Some vehicles, such as certain HGV’s or buses, have their speedometer calibrated, although this calibration has to be carried out frequently to ensure accuracy, but for the vast majority of vehicles they are not, and so, the speed you see on your speedo is highly likely to be wrong. It might only be out by a few kilometres per hour, although the gap increases with speed, but the reality is this is the reason why there is a margin of error set in the cameras. Not to allow you to speed, but to allow for these anomalies mentioned.



Incidentally, if you are thinking that the GPS or mapping speed might be more accurate, it isn’t.



So, the solution, is stay within the maximum permitted speed, or slower, as speed limits are maximums and not targets.

### What to Do if you See a Dog Locked in a Car

Dogs die in hot cars! The message could not be simpler to understand, and yet, all too often, we still see dogs left locked in cars, which can have fatal consequences very quickly, especially in the summer months.



If you are a dog owner, please do not leave your dog locked in the car. However, the question is what to do if you see a dog locked in a car, because, as we have already established, it still happens.



The answer is to call the emergency services immediately, the easiest way of doing this is by dialling the 112 emergency number from any phone. Before you do this, you must get a clear indication of the location, such as the street name, or names, or the name of the building for example, in order to speed up the response.



Dial 112, where they speak a number of different languages, explain what you have found, in other words the dog in a car, and then give the location. You may also be asked a number of questions related to the matter so be prepared to answer.



That is it. That is what you have to do. What you must not do is attempt to free the animal yourself by breaking the window of the car for example. Despite claims made for many years on social media that you cannot be prosecuted for damaging a car in these circumstances, it is not true. These claims are false. You cannot break into a vehicle for any reason, including to rescue an animal.



The only legally permitted course of action if you see a dog in such a state is to call for assistance from the police or Guardia Civil.



If you are able to speak Spanish, you can also summon the Local Police, who may be able to respond quicker, by calling 091 or 062, but if not, the emergency coordination centre on 112, where operators speak multiple languages, but under no circumstances should you put yourself at risk of prosecution by taking the advice shared through these erroneous social media posts.

### More than 3 Million Road Trips from Today

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) is launching "Special Operation 1st August" at 3pm on Wednesday 31st July, with the aim of covering the 3.1 million road movements expected by midnight on Thursday 1st August.



August 2024



For the entire month of August, the most important month in terms of vehicle movements in the summer of 2024, 48,324,000 journeys are expected to be made on Spanish roads.



These days there will be a significant movement of vehicles on all roads across the country due to the start of the August holiday month. There will also be an increase in movements on the weekend after these dates, due to the return and start of the summer months of July and August, respectively.



During this period, vehicle movements generated by the beginning of the August holiday month will coincide with long-distance journeys out of large urban centres and main destinations in coastal and coastal tourist areas, together with the return of those who finish their holidays in July.



Likewise, during the days in which this Special Operation "August 1 - 2024" is taking place, the influx of both Portuguese and Maghrebian vehicles will continue, the latter towards the border posts of their countries of origin in the entry direction (north-south), within the 1st phase of Operation Crossing the Strait-2024.



In order to safeguard the safety of all road users, the operation has the full availability of the resources, both human (agents from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, personnel from the Traffic Management Centres, helicopter patrols and personnel in charge of equipment maintenance and the installation of measures on the road), and technical (fixed and mobile speed control radars, as well as helicopters, drones, cameras and camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts) available to the DGT.



To facilitate traffic in the most problematic areas, measures will be adopted such as the installation of reversible and additional lanes with cones and markings during peak traffic hours and the establishment of alternative routes.



In addition, road works will be halted, sporting events and other events that involve the occupation of the roadway will be limited, and the circulation of trucks transporting dangerous goods in general will be restricted, as well as the circulation of trucks and special transports in certain sections, dates and times.



The complete device can be consulted at https://www.dgt.es/conoce-el-estado-del-trafico/recomendaciones-de-trafico/ .



Traffic forecasts and measures



Traffic forecasts prepared by the Traffic Department indicate that, from early afternoon on Wednesday 31st, mainly between 4pm and 11pm, there will be significant long-distance vehicle movements, causing high intensities and traffic problems on the way out of large urban centres and also on the main access routes to coastal tourist and leisure areas, with these becoming more pronounced as the afternoon progresses and, in the late afternoon-evening, in the destination areas.



In the afternoon, there will also be movements returning to the large urban centres, of a smaller magnitude than those leaving, of those who finish their holidays in July and did not return during the weekend preceding this Wednesday.



These movements in the outbound and inbound directions will be joined by the usual movements in and out of towns as it is a working day.



On the other hand, from early in the morning on Thursday 1 August, especially between 9am and 2pm, there will be significant vehicle movements causing traffic problems and delays on the way out of large urban centres and also on the main communication routes towards the coastal tourist and leisure areas, which will become more pronounced as the morning progresses, and will then be placed in the destination areas by late afternoon/evening.



As on the previous day, these movements will be joined by the usual ones for accessing towns as it is a working day.



Caution on night trips



Some drivers, following the recommendations of the Traffic Department to avoid days of mass displacements and the most unfavourable hours, decide to undertake the trip at night, for which it is necessary to take a series of precautions that allow the trip to be made in the best conditions of Road Safety, since night driving, due to the fact that it requires greater concentration on driving to be able to see the surface illuminated by the vehicle, as well as not being accustomed to it, produces greater fatigue, tension and stress.



For this reason, the DGT recommends:



Before night driving:




Carefully plan your nighttime itinerary.



Have the vehicle in good condition and prepared, checking the correct operation of the lights and turn signals.



Clean the glass of: headlights and turn signals, windshield, side windows and rear window.



Get enough rest before setting off on your journey.



Have a light dinner.



Refrain from taking alcohol and medications that are incompatible with driving.




During night driving:




Reduce your speed by approximately 20% of the permitted speed, since when driving with dipped headlights, the area illuminated by the headlights may be much shorter than the stopping distance.



Use dipped headlights when crossing paths with another vehicle. If you are blinded, use the line on the right side of the road as a guide.



If you need to stop on the road, look for a straight stretch of road with good visibility, using your turn signals and using the V-16 hazard warning light or the emergency triangles. Be careful when getting out of the driver's seat, and avoid having rear seat passengers get out of the vehicle through the left door, doing so through the right door.



Air out the vehicle, directing the air outlet from inside the vehicle towards the body and arms, never towards the eyes.



Pay close attention at night when it rains, as mud and dust quickly accumulate on the vehicle's headlights and turn signals, reducing visibility by up to 50%. Stop often to clean them.



Stop every two hours or whenever you notice fatigue or drowsiness, doing breathing exercises or walking, to regain the necessary ability to drive. On very hot nights, make more frequent stops to hydrate, since the heat at night causes greater fatigue when driving.




Warning signs



It is important for every driver to identify the symptoms of fatigue that should alert them to a situation of fatigue while driving and thus avoid an accident. These signs can manifest themselves in the following ways:




Drowsiness.



Headache, neck, back or leg pain.



Itchy eyes, blinking or constantly rubbing them with your hands.



Continuous change of position in the driver's seat.



Feeling of being very hot, thirsty or sweaty in the hands.



Increased consumption of cigarettes, candy or sweets.




As always, the DGT recommends planning your travel plan in advance, and it is advisable to carry out a complete tune-up of the vehicle.



During your journey, you can keep up to date with the traffic situation in real time, as well as any incidents that may occur, on the Twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes , in the news bulletins on radio and television and by calling 011.

### Check Your Tyres

If we asked, what do you think is the most important part of any vehicle, what would you say?



Depending on your mindset, you might say the engine, the colour, the make or model, but when it comes to safety and performance, one really important part is the tyres.



The tyres are generally the only part of the vehicle in constant contact with something immovable, the road, they add to the comfort, and they are a huge contributor to safe driving.



But, if they are not cared for, the opposite can be true, from simple (but costly) minor problems like increased fuel consumption, or a rough ride, to potentially dangerous situations like blowouts, reduced braking efficiency, and even crashes or collisions.



That is why it is vital that you check your tyres on a regular basis, at least monthly, and before any long drive or holiday period, like the summer season we are about to enjoy.



There are many things you should check, such as the tread, that it is not too worn, and is even.



You should feel the tyre with your hands, including the side of the wheel on the inner side of the vehicle, checking for bumps or uneven surfaces.



Look closely for objects that could be embedded in the tyre, or any signs of damage.



Check that they are properly inflated, as per the manufacturer's instructions, and based on the load you are carrying. If you are normally a single occupant for your daily commute, but about to pack the family, the dog, and as many belongings in your car as you can for a summer holiday, the weight and dynamics will change. 



Tyre pressure should always be checked when the wheels are cold, so before a long journey.



Modern vehicles have a plate, usually in the door frame, which gives you this information.



There are other characteristics of tyres that you need to check, but we will look at those another time so make sure you are following our Facebook page, today, in preparation for summer, we want you to look at these basics, and start to get into a good habit of checking monthly, at least.



Finally, on this note… Don’t forget to check the spare (or the emergency kit, depending on your vehicle).



If you have any doubts, when it comes to the safety features it is always best to err on the side of caution and consult a qualified and specialist garage or workshop.

### Taking the Car to the Beach?

For many people, the beach is the protagonist of summer, and to get there, the car is the star, but unfortunately, the beach and cars are not a great mix, so we have to be a little conscious of making sure that our car doesn’t suffer any adverse effects, particularly those caused by sand or saltwater.



Firstly, please do not drive on the beach. We will not go into the reasons why at this stage, but please, just don’t do it. Trust us!



What to check after returning from a trip to the beach?



You don’t have to do this every time you’ve been to the beach, but depending on the length of your stay or holiday you would benefit from doing these things more frequently.



The important thing is to thoroughly wash the car, both outside and inside, to remove any remains of salt and sand that may have remained under the vehicle or inside the cabin. Any grain of sand that remains on the bodywork or on the seat fabric can gradually erode the materials, just as happens with salt that remains adhered to the shock absorbers, the brake system or, in general, in the lower part of the vehicle and can cause corrosion.



Tips for removing sand and salt from the car



One of the best ways of cleaning your car is with a high-pressure water gun, such as those found at petrol stations and car washes, and applying it directly to the entire body, paying special attention to the underside of the vehicle and the brake system.



Apply only water (no soap or added wax) to the parts of the car that may have accumulated the most sand, such as the brake callipers (if the discs or callipers are not cleaned, the sand can damage them and create a groove), springs, shock absorbers, suspension arms, ball joints and wheel arches in general. Once you have done several passes, you can apply the soap and then wax the car.



Do not bring the water gun too close as it can damage some elements of the car, such as the ABS sensors. A distance of about 30 centimetres is enough for the pressure to have its effect on the sand and salt.



It is also advisable to open the bonnet and see if the engine has accumulated any kind of sediment. In this case, use a compressed air gun to remove any sand residue. Once you have covered this step, you can wash the engine, but remember to always use distilled water. This will prevent damage to the battery or alternator.



It is advisable to dry areas where there are wet cables with a cloth or with an air gun. The rest of the body will dry as you drive the car.



If you have been on the beach for several months, in addition to giving your vehicle a good wash, it is advisable to change the air and cabin filters earlier than usual, as a good amount of sand and other types of dirt will surely have accumulated.

### Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja: pioneers in gynaecological robotic surgery in Alicante

Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja has the first Advanced Robotic Surgery Unit of private healthcare in the province of Alicante.



The Da Vinci Surgical Robotic System is designed to offer the highest level of minimally invasive surgery in the approach to complex pathologies in the area of specialties such as urology, general surgery, oncological surgery and gynaecology.



What is gynaecological robotic surgery?



Robotic gynaecological surgery or robotic-assisted laparoscopy is a minimally invasive technique, where surgical instruments are fixed to mechanical arms.



This system consists of a console that the surgeon uses to control the surgical instruments, a vision tower with high-definition cameras that provide a three-dimensional view of the surgical area, and a series of robotic arms that manipulate the surgical instruments with precision.



Which gynaecological pathologies benefit from this technique?



Gynaecological robotic surgery is an advanced technique that offers numerous advantages for the treatment of various gynaecological pathologies. At Quirónsalud Torrevieja, we put the technology of the Da Vinci Robot at the service of the most experienced and qualified professionals.



As stated by Dr. Rodolfo Martín Díaz, head of the Gynaecology Service at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante, "gynaecological robotic surgery is especially useful for treating pathologies such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, gynaecological cancer, pelvic organ prolapse and ovarian cysts, offering significant benefits such as less invasiveness, faster recovery, and improved functional and aesthetic outcomes."



Uterine Fibroids (Fibroids)



They are benign tumours that develop in the uterus.




Benefits of robotic surgery: It allows for myomectomy (removal of fibroids) with greater precision, less blood loss, and faster recovery times compared to open surgery.




Endometriosis



It is a condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside of it, causing pain and fertility problems.




Benefits of robotic surgery: It offers better visualisation of the affected areas and a more complete removal of endometriotic tissue, reducing the risk of recurrence and relieving pain.




Gynaecologic Cancer



It includes cancers such as ovarian, endometrial (uterine), cervix, and vaginal cancers.




Benefits of robotic surgery: It allows complex surgeries to be performed with greater precision, better preservation of surrounding tissues, and lower complication rates. This is especially important in cancer surgeries where precision is crucial.




Pelvic Organ Prolapse



It is the descent of the pelvic organs (uterus, bladder, rectum) due to weakness of the muscle and ligamentous support.




Benefits of robotic surgery: It facilitates the performance of pelvic reconstruction procedures with less invasiveness, less postoperative pain, and a faster recovery.




Hysterectomy



It is the removal of the uterus, indicated for several reasons such as cancer, fibroids, severe endometriosis, and abnormal uterine bleeding.




Benefits of robotic surgery: Robotic hysterectomy allows for greater precision and control, reducing the risk of complications and improving aesthetic and functional outcomes.




For procedures such as hysterectomy or myomectomy, robotic surgery may be preferable due to the ability to perform precise movements in delicate and narrow areas.



In addition, other advantages of gynaecological robotic surgery are:




Better preservation of pelvic structures (pelvic floor).



Less sexual dysfunction.



Increased recovery of urinary continence, regaining bladder control.



Better toilet training.




"Robotic surgery is recommended when seeking precision, less invasion and faster recovery, however, the decision to opt for robotic surgery should always be evaluated, considering individual needs and available treatment options," says Dr. Diaz.



Quirónsalud Torrevieja has a team of highly qualified professionals in robotic surgery. Thanks to the Da Vinci Robot's technology, patients can benefit from less invasive interventions and shorter recovery times. This advance represents a commitment to medical excellence and optimal patient care at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja.



Request more information about gynaecologic robotic surgery

### The Importance of Wearing a Seat Belt Properly

The three-point seat belt, which is fitted as standard to most modern vehicles, has an upper (thoracic) and a lower band (pelvic). Both must be snugly fitting against the body. For the seat belt to offer maximum protection it must be on the hard parts of the body, leaning against the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and neck at the top, and the iliac crest of the pelvis, never on the abdomen.



Accessories such as cushions or other additions should not be used. Once you have pulled the seat belt across your body and secured the strap in the locked position, make sure that the seat belt is not twisted at any point. If it is, undo the seat belt and remove the twists. Once secure, pull the seat belt so that it fits snugly against the body, with any slack being taken back at the top.



If the seat belt is not worn correctly, it can cause further problems in the event of a collision. For example, if the upper band is taken off the shoulder, it can cause a head impact with the windscreen, dashboard or seat in front. It can also produce cervical lesions.



If the belt is not firm around the body it can cause the vehicle to slide under the belt, casing lower body and spinal injuries. This is often referred to as the “submarine effect”. To prevent “submarining”, the vehicle occupants must also sit in a proper position when riding in the vehicle, with the seat belt securely fastened as mentioned, and without having any additions such as pillows or cushions which may contribute to the reduction of effectiveness of the seat belt.



There are other rules regarding children in cars. Primarily, children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats and they most use an appropriate restraining system for their height and weight.

### Please Don’t Overload the Car

Everything we carry in our vehicles must be carried correctly, and by correctly, we mean it must be secured, and it must not protrude from the vehicle. Also, all vehicle doors, which includes the boot, must be securely closed.



The reason we say this is because another common occurrence on the roads at this time of year is vehicles which are overloaded, not necessarily by weight, but by volume. There are far too many occurrences when cars are going to or from the beach and are filled with all of the paraphernalia for a day in the sun, like the picnic box, towels, of course, and then perhaps a marque, or tent, inflatables, a surfboard, a table and chairs… The list can go on.



If you are driving a vehicle that is carrying a load in the car, you have to make sure that the load is restrained properly. Load restraint is not just about making sure that the load does not come off, it is also about making sure that the load does not shift in a way that makes the vehicle unsafe to handle or allows the load to crash into the driver’s cabin, which may cause injury or death.



The weight of a vehicle load can impact the performance and manoeuvrability, and so you may also need to adjust your tyre pressure. Check the manual for specific information relating to your vehicle.



The Spanish Traffic Law requires that any load carried on or in your vehicle must:



Not be placed in a way that makes your vehicle unstable or unsafe.



Be secured so it won’t move or fall from your vehicle while driving—including driving consisting of emergency braking or turning suddenly.



Not project from your vehicle in a way that is likely to injure a person, obstruct the path of other drivers or pedestrians, or damage another vehicle or anything else.



Be restrained using an appropriate load restraint method. Anything on the back seats must be secured with seat belt.



It is advisable that you use the boot, rather than the saloon. In case you need to carry load in the vehicle, use the seat belt to ensure the load, and if you carry heavy things, use a car net, it is forbidden to take heavy load without a load restraint net.



In the case of inflatables, take them uninflated.

### Rules for Caravans

Many of the rules for caravan use are the same as we have explained in relation to motorhomes, but there are some extra requirements.



Like a motorhome, a caravan is considered “parked” when it is parked in a permitted place, without exceeding the road markings and without the activity inside transcending to the outside.



Camping is only permitted in designated areas, such as campsites or parking lots designated according to the regulations of each autonomous community.



Caravans are allowed to park and stay in any suitable place, but not to camp, i.e. no external elements can be deployed. In addition, they must remain attached to the towing vehicle.



All caravans, motorhomes and campers must be homologated, comply with tax requirements and respect the coexistence with other road users. Caravans with a weight of less than 750 kg are considered light trailers and only require the technical card from their first inspection. Those with a higher weight must comply with additional technical conditions and have independent insurance.



What if you're traveling in a caravan or trailer?



Unlike motorhomes, passengers cannot be carried in the caravan when it is being towed.



The most important thing to keep in mind when traveling in a caravan or with a trailer is the need for additional driving licence categories, which depends on the Maximum Authorised Mass (MMA).



If the MMA is less than or equal to 750 kg, no additional permit is required, so a B driving licence is sufficient as long as the car and caravan do not exceed 3,500 kg. As regards registration, it is not necessary to register the caravan, it is only necessary to have the car's registration number in a visible place on the back of the caravan, along with repeater lighting.



For its part, for a MMA greater than 750 kg, authorisation B96 is required, which allows the transport of trailers of more than said mass as long as the set (towing vehicle and trailer) does not exceed 4,250 kg. For those sets that exceed this limit, the B+E permit is required. In addition, the trailer must be registered and have its own number plate (red), as well as that of the towing vehicle on the back, and lights of course.



Unlike what happens when the MMA is less than 750 kg, in this case, with a MMA greater than said figure, it is necessary to take out extra insurance to travel with the trailer.



As regards speed limits, caravans have specific limits depending on the type of road they are travelling on. If they are on a motorway or dual carriageway, the maximum speed allowed is 90 km/h, and on open conventional roads the limit is 80 km/h.

### Warning Over Fraudulent ITV Appointment Booking Websites in the Valencia Region

A number of fraudulent clone websites have been identified mimicking the official website to book appointments for the Technical Inspection of Vehicles (ITV) in the Valencian Community.



The system recently became centralised and now has a portal for booking appointments for the ITV inspection, the official website being sitval.com, which links to the official booking platform website, citaitvstival.com



Please check that you are using these official websites to access the platform, and no other variation of spelling or extension, such as .net for example.



A warning has appeared on the official page, saying, “Dear client, remember that sitval.com and its own online reservation system citaitvsitval.com are the only channels to reserve and pay for your appointment. Avoid fraudulent pages”.



These fraudulent pages are demanding payment of 20 euro for appointment management, which has led the Ministry of Innovation, Industry, Trade and Tourism to warn of the new fraud.



"We have noticed that some pages that ask for money to book (ITV appointments) have cloned the new page. We understand that it is a fraud. We remind you that there is only one official page to pay and get an appointment (sitval.com) and we will report anyone who tries to impersonate Sitval," said the Ministry headed by Nuria Montes.



Problems on the web



The new website designed to facilitate the booking and payment of appointments was launched with the intention of streamlining the service and reducing possible fraud. However, in less than 48 hours since its launch, cases of identity theft had already been reported. The Ministry has confirmed the closure of other fraudulent sites it has been made aware of, such as sitval.net, but others may be masquerading unknown.



Vicente Inglada, secretary general of the Union of Consumers (UC) of the Valencian Community, has denounced that his organisation has received complaints from users who have been deceived. In some stations, such as Vara de Quart, cases have been reported of people offering appointments in person in exchange for 20 euro.



Warnings



The authorities have stressed that the only official platform for managing and paying for appointments is sitval.com. "We cannot pursue those who charge for passing the ITV, as it is a legitimate service, but we can act against identity theft," explained sources from the Ministry of Industry. This type of fraud is worrying because the new website now allows advance payment, which can confuse less attentive users.



The new platform had technical problems at its launch. However, by Wednesday afternoon the system had stabilised and is now operational. The Generalitat is confident that, over time, the service will become normalised, and more appointments will be offered to users.



Improvements in appointment management



One of the main problems with the appointment system is that about 15% of people who booked did not show up for their appointment. In the first half of the year, around 900,000 vehicles were inspected, which means that about 100,000 appointments were missed.



The Generalitat has decided to increase the number of inspections assigned to the ITV stations: Valencia will be the province with the largest reinforcement, with 121 inspections starting this summer. The arrival of 59 inspectors in Alicante and 23 in Castellón is expected. This increase in staff aims to compensate for absences caused by the holidays and improve customer service.

### Taking Your Dog to the Beach this Summer

There are many beaches now in Spain which are dog-friendly, but in order to get to those beaches often involves driving, and therefore it is important to know how to keep your dog safe in the vehicle.



Firstly, just like everything else, animals must be secured in the vehicle. However, there is an additional rule, in that they must not be able to interfere with the driver in any way.



A common appearance on the roads in summer is a beloved pet being carried sat on the lap of a front seated passenger, totally unrestrained, other than perhaps the hands of the human upon it. This is extremely dangerous, especially for the animal, and with that in mind, you will perhaps not be surprised to hear, illegal.



There is a specific offence of having insecure animals in the vehicle, which is punishable by an immediate fine of 80 euro.



Having an animal in the vehicle that could interfere with the driver is dangerous, so a dog sat loose on the front seat for example is not allowed. Carrying animals which are not properly restrained is dangerous to them too.



Allowing your dog to hang out of the window, which might be a favourite past time for some, is not allowed, as it is dangerous to the animal, and can interfere with the overall visibility.



In terms of keeping an animal secure, then they can be placed inside a case, cage, or box, for example, but then that device must also be properly secured to the vehicle.



You can but specific dog straps which attach to the seat belt fixtures in the vehicle. These are allowed, so long as the animal is secure and there is no way it can reach the driver, so again, the front seat id most likely not the best place.



Animals are unpredictable, especially in environments they are unsure of or not used to. If loose, they could interfere with the driver´s ability or visibility. In the event of a crash, the animal would suffer considerable injury and, most likely, death.



If you are on a longer drive and need to stop for a call of nature, then again, you must ensure that the animal is secure and not able to run into the road. In strange an alien environment, animals can behave unpredictably, and so you must ensure that you have control at all times, never allowing the animal to run freely.



A new novelty which is covered by the Animal Welfare Law, rather than Traffic Law, is that animals cannot be walked from a vehicle. IN other words, if you have a dog on a leash and are riding a bike, or traveling in a car, it is not permitted for the dog to walk alongside you in that circumstance.

### Mandatory Documentation All Drivers Must Carry

As a driver it is mandatory to carry your driving licence with you if you are driving, as failure to do so may constitute a criminal offence. If you have a Spanish driving licence, you can potentially access the Mi DGT app on your mobile phone, which can be used as a substitute for your actual licence, and you can carry a notarised copy. These are the only valid alternatives.



As for the vehicle, it is mandatory to carry the “permiso de circulación”, a document which we may refer to as the “logbook” of the car. This document contains information such as the vehicle registration number and the characteristics of the vehicle.







Next is the “tarjeta de inspección técnica”, or the ITV card. This document contains the technical characteristics of the vehicle and the schedule of mandatory inspections. Some very modern vehicles don´t have this card as they will be phased out over time and replaced by a digital version, but if your vehicle has one, then it must be carried in the car.







We must also carry the latest ITV inspection report, as issued by the test centre during the last inspection, unless your vehicle is not yet old enough for the test. This will provide details of the inspection and if any faults were detected during that test.







For Spanish registered vehicle, it is not mandatory to carry your insurance documents, but it is advisable to carry proof of your insurance, including the policy details, as you will be required to exchange these with another driver in the event of an incident. If you are visiting Spain as a tourist, you will be required to carry your insurance documents as you may need to produce these.



It is also advisable to carry the “European Accident Report Form” which you can obtain from your insurance company. This form is available in many different languages and is set out the same in each, thus allowing you to complete the necessary details with another person who doesn´t perhaps speak the same language as you.

### Get Set for a Summer Motorhome Road Trip

Summer is here, which means busier roads, and for some it means an upgrade in the type and size of vehicle they normally drive, as many tourists take to the road in a portable mini house on wheels, otherwise known as a motorhome.



You might not be in the position to buy a motorhome, but rental has become increasingly popular, and so if you are considering embarking on a road trip in a campervan, you need to know a few extra rules.



What the DGT says about travelling in a motorhome or camper



Motorhomes and campers offer greater comfort and flexibility compared to towed caravans. In addition, there are differences in regulations between the two types of transport.



In a motorhome, there are no restrictions on passengers travelling inside, as long as the number of seats allowed in the vehicle's registration is not exceeded. Both in the cabin and in the passenger compartment, the use of a seat belt or an approved restraint system is mandatory.



Regarding speed limitations, approved motorhomes have the same as passenger cars, although the DGT recommends moderating the speed due to their considerable size.



Another of the most frequent questions among users interested in renting a motorhome is, without any doubt, about parking and/or camping, having different rules to follow.



A motorhome is considered parked when it is parked in a permitted place, without exceeding the road markings and without the activity inside transcending to the outside. This includes not deploying items such as awnings or stabilisation supports, and that perhaps obviously to some includes places chairs and tables outside, none of these actions are compatible with being “parked”.



Camping, on the other hand, is only permitted in designated areas, such as campsites or parking lots designated according to the regulations of each autonomous community. Otherwise, you would be exposed to a fine.



Most frequent fines on motorhome trips



Camping on the coast: Prohibited by the Coastal Law, with penalties from 40 euro per occupied square metre.



Camping in protected areas: Parking in protected areas is prohibited and will result in severe penalties. Therefore, to avoid this penalty, find out in advance which places are authorized for campers.



Illegal parking: Consult municipal ordinances to avoid infractions that can vary between 100 and 200 euro.



Staying overnight or camping: Sleeping inside a motorhome or camper is permitted unless otherwise indicated. Camping, that is, occupying outdoor spaces, is practically prohibited except in areas explicitly designated for it.

### Elderly Care in Summer: Key Tips to Protect Their Health

With the arrival of summer and rising temperatures, the care of the elderly becomes crucial. The effects of heat on the body can be devastating, especially for those with a lower capacity to adapt, such as the elderly. Experts from Quirónsalud Torrevieja offer professional insights into how heat can affect our seniors and the best practices to protect their health during the summer season.



The Effects of Heat on the Body



Extreme heat poses a significant health threat due to its impact on an individual's hydration status and haemodynamic situation. According to specialists from the Emergency Department of Quirónsalud Torrevieja, "extreme heat can pose a significant health threat due to its effect on the individual's hydration status and haemodynamic situation, which can lead to vasodilation, reduced blood pressure, and even loss of consciousness and death in extreme cases of heat stroke."



Vasodilation and reduced blood pressure are physiological responses to heat, but in elderly individuals, these reactions can trigger severe complications. Although the effects are usually mild and manageable, it is crucial to recognise particularly threatening situations to prevent serious consequences.



Vulnerability of the Elderly to Heat



The elderly are particularly vulnerable to heat due to several factors. A reduced ability to thermoregulate, diminished sensation of thirst, and consequently lower hydration levels, along with chronic illnesses and the use of multiple medications, increase the risk of heatstroke in older adults.



The reduced capacity for thermoregulation means that the elderly cannot cool their bodies as effectively as younger individuals. This, combined with a diminished sense of thirst, can lead to rapid and dangerous dehydration. Additionally, chronic illnesses such as neurodegenerative diseases and certain medications, especially those affecting blood pressure, further increase the risk.



Risk Temperatures



There is no specific temperature at which the risk increases, but clearly, the higher the temperature, the greater the danger. "It could be said that there is no specific temperature at which the risk increases, but evidently, the higher the temperature, the greater the risk," say the specialists.



Diseases Most Affected by Heat



Heat can affect the progression of any chronic illness, especially if it is severe. "Any chronic condition can be affected in its progression when exposed to the effects of heat, especially if it is severe," note the experts. Beyond the effect of heat on certain diseases, it is essential to pay attention to how some diseases predispose individuals to reduced adaptation.



Neurodegenerative diseases and medications with hypotensive or diuretic effects are particularly concerning. These factors can further hinder the body's ability to manage thermal stress, increasing the risk of severe complications.



Warning Symptoms



It is crucial to be alert to any changes or general symptoms in the elderly. Extreme signs of heatstroke include hyperthermia, but symptoms such as changes in consciousness, confusion, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, weakness, and headaches should also be monitored.



Tips for Caring for the Elderly in Summer



Caring for the elderly during the summer is not substantially different from caring for the general population, but it requires greater rigour in application. Key recommendations include:



- Adequate Hydration: It is essential to maintain a good fluid intake, considering that the elderly have a lower sensation of thirst. "It is crucial to have a good fluid intake, even more so considering that the elderly have a lower physiological sensation of thirst."



- Light Meals: Meals should be light to facilitate digestion and avoid overheating the body.



- Avoiding Sun Exposure during Peak Hours**: It is crucial to avoid sun exposure during peak intensity hours, generally between 12:00 and 17:00.



- Protection from Heat: Using hats and lightweight clothing that covers most of the body can help protect from the heat. "Protecting the head with hats" is a simple yet effective measure.



- Avoiding Intense Physical Exercise: During the hottest hours of the day, intense physical exercise should be avoided.



- Cool Environments: Keep indoor spaces cool with fans, air conditioning, or by keeping windows and blinds closed during the day.



Caring for the elderly during the summer requires special attention due to their vulnerability to heat. By following the recommendations of the specialists from Quirónsalud Torrevieja, we can prevent severe complications and ensure our seniors enjoy a safe and healthy summer. The key lies in prevention, adequate hydration, and protection against extreme heat—measures that can make the difference between a pleasant summer and a medical emergency.



And remember, this summer, if any problems arise, our emergency service will take care of you.



Quirónsalud Torrevieja Emergency Service: https://www.quironsalud.com/torrevieja/en/services/accident-emergency



Directions: https://maps.app.goo.gl/WGzZR2Xz6b554bgM8

### Keep Your Hands to Yourself!

When driving on summer roads, it is not uncommon to see the driver waving their arm out the window, often to cool down or to feel the flow of the breeze of the open road, but this sort of activity is not permitted, because it is both dangerous and potentially confusing to other road users.



Article 18, Section 1 of Royal Decree 1428/2003 of 21 November, approving the Rules of the road, states that “The driver of a vehicle must maintain their own freedom of movement, the required field of vision and permanent attention to driving“, which covers a whole multitude of sins (and potential fines).



Keeping both hands on the steering wheel, not leaning with an elbow on the window, keeping your arms inside the vehicle may have been the repetitive messages our driving instructor taught us when we first took lessons, but the advice is still very much key to a safe driving experience.



There are countless documented cases of motorists suffering serious injury when “clipped” by a passing car, as well as the more gruesome stories of the loss of limbs in the event of a crash. Having an arm out of the window also poses a risk to other road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists. Being able to put your head out of the window implies that the seatbelt is not worn correctly. If your body parts are not within the safety cage of the vehicle, then you are at risk and are risking others.



Arms extended from the vehicle may also confuse other road users who might think that you are giving hand signals, thus posing a risk that those drivers may incorrectly react to what they think you are gesturing. Visibility may also be obscured as a result, blocking the vehicle´s mirrors and making it difficult to observe the vehicle surroundings correctly.



An arm outstretched to the left actually means you intend to turn left. It is a hand signal which may be used in the event of your indicators not working, for example. Your left arm out the window and at a right angle means you intend to turn right. Extending your arm out of the window with your palm facing backwards means you intend to reverse. 

### Have You Seen This New Sign Yet?

When the Spanish Catalogue of Road Signs was recently added to, with some existing signs being updated and modernised, there were also some new, never before seen signs incorporated, and of those, one is seemingly causing some confusion for drivers as to the meaning.







The new sign in question is officially known as the P-35, a triangular shape with red edges, so it indicates caution, a warning. Inside, two cars appear in parallel with arrows at the top that intersect.



It is perhaps no surprise that there is some confusion, as the description of what the sign means is “danger due to the proximity of a section between a confluence and a fork where different lane-changing movements occur by vehicles, crossing their trajectories and therefore increasing the risk of collisions occurring.”



However, there is good news, because it´s nowhere near as confusing as it seems, especially given that although the sign might be new, the situation it is warning about is not, and there is a high probability that you would have driven through a section in question.



The most likely location of this sign is on motorways, and specifically where two motorways merge. The sign will not appear in all cases of this, just where there has been an identified increased risk, hence the added warning.



When motorways merge, there is a long area from where the lanes first meet, to where the number of lanes reduce to form the continuation of the road. Vehicles merging onto the main motorway need to slow down, if necessary, indicate to join an outer lane where appropriate, and then continue along the normal driving lane of the new road.



The General Directorate of Traffic has advised drivers to exercise extreme caution when they see the P-35 sign to avoid typical rear-end collisions that occur during this manoeuvre.

### International Vehicle Theft Gang Dismantled

The Guardia Civil, within the framework of the operation “Z-Babylon”, has dismantled an international criminal organisation specialising in the theft and counterfeiting of vehicles and their subsequent transport to Mauritania, Senegal, Poland, and Ukraine, where the vehicles were introduced into the legal second-hand vehicle market.



In total, 25 people have been arrested. 19 of these arrests took place in Spain, four in France and two in Poland.



The investigation began in November 2021 when the Central Operational Unit (UCO) of the Guardia Civil detected the shipment of four vehicles stolen in Madrid that were being transported through a road vehicle transport company, bound for a port on the French Atlantic coast.



These vehicles had a very similar pattern: they were high-end hybrid vehicles, they had forged French number plates and none of them showed signs of being broken into. In addition, they were all stolen in different locations near Madrid.



Following these events, the Guardia Civil, together with the police authorities of France, Belgium, Poland and Austria, thanks to coordination with EUROPOL, was able to learn both the final destination of the vehicles and their relationship with an active criminal organisation based in France and Belgium specialising in the theft of high-end vehicles in several European countries.



Modus operandi



As regards the part of the organisation that operated in Spain, the UCO identified two Moroccan men living in Madrid and Malaga as the main perpetrators. They were the ones who determined which makes and models of vehicles were to be stolen as the most in-demand, at the same time supplying the documents and chassis numbers to be engraved on them, as well as the falsified French number plates.



Once the vehicles they wanted to steal were located, and using computer tools and malicious software developed by the organisation itself, they altered the manufacturer's security measures, managing to start the vehicle in a few minutes without any need for forcing entry.



Once stolen and after a “cooling off” period that ruled out any type of geolocation, the vehicle, now in a safe place, was modified in its physical records, such as chassis number and manufacturer identification stickers, making them match with legal vehicles registered in France.



Transport to the final destination in Mauritania, Senegal and Poland



With the falsified vehicles having the external appearance and documentation of a legal vehicle registered in France, the organisation used road transport companies - mainly Spanish and Lithuanian - to transport them to the main French ports, where they were shipped to Mauritania or Senegal.



Similarly, several of the stolen vehicles were driven by members of the organisation itself to different locations in Poland where they were introduced into the market through companies that buy and sell used vehicles.



It is worth noting that the degree of falsification of the identification elements on the stolen vehicles allowed them to easily avoid police and customs controls on this type of transport, even when exporting outside the EU.



Franco-Spanish judicial and police cooperation



The success of this operation is largely based on the creation of a joint investigation team within EUROJUST and EUROPOL. Thanks to this, the bilateral exchange of information between the countries concerned has made it possible to uncover the extent to which the crimes investigated extend beyond the borders of the EU.



In this way, it was possible to identify a Mauritanian citizen residing in France with a criminal record in that country for similar crimes, who, for the investigators of this operation, was the person most responsible for coordinating the preparation of the falsified French documents, the contracting of insurance for the stolen vehicles, as well as chartering the vehicles to Africa.



Another key figure in the dismantled organisation was the right-hand man of this Mauritanian citizen, a Moroccan citizen based in Brussels, who played a key role in coordinating all the branches of this organisation in the different countries where they operated, personally taking charge of any incident that arose, from the theft of vehicles in Spain to their final transport within and outside the European Union.



Gallery

### Are Motorbikes Required to Carry the Emergency Light V16?

From 1 January 2026, it will be mandatory for most vehicles to carry the V16 emergency light, which replaces the warning triangles. At the moment, during the transition period, you can use either. From that date, only the connected lights will be permitted.



Specific Details



More specifically, passenger cars, buses, mixed vehicles and vehicles used for the transport of goods must carry this luminous beacon which, in the event of an incident on the road, will allow them to be visible both physically and virtually to other road users in a safe manner.



As motorcycles are not mentioned, is it necessary for them to carry the V16 light?



The answer is no. Bikers are not required by law to carry this device. That said, they are small and easy to carry, and so it is recommended. Due to their size, triangles were never an option for motorcyclists. However, the V16 light, due to its compact design and low weight, can be carried in a backpack. In addition, its magnetic surface allows it to be placed on various parts of the motorcycle.



Connectivity that can save lives



The reason for the connectivity that the V16 light has is that when it connects, it sends a notification to the DGT traffic control centre indicating the exact location of the vehicle. Thus, the DGT 3.0 Platform allows you to share your location with the rest of the road users. In this way, drivers will be able to have information in advance about any incident along their journey, a notification that will not only appear on the variable information panels on the different roads but will also be in the mobility applications on their phones.



It is also important to note that the mandatory use of the V16 also means that the light itself has to have gone through a testing process, and so only those lights certified and approved by the DGT can be used.

### Ten people arrested for stealing vehicles in European countries and transporting them to Spain to register them with false documentation

The Guardia Civil, within the framework of the COMPLUTUM CAR operation, has arrested 10 members of a criminal organisation dedicated to stealing vehicles in European countries, which they transported to Spain to register them with false documentation. The detainees are charged with the crimes of document falsification, receiving stolen goods, fraud, simulating a crime, violating road safety and belonging to a criminal organisation.



During the operation, nine high-end vehicles were recovered, along with a large number of documents for forgery and documents already forged, as well as more than 23,000 euro in cash from the sale of the stolen vehicles. The commission of these crimes has brought the criminal organisation a financial benefit of more than 1,700,000 euro, and the bank accounts of all those arrested have been seized.



The investigation began more than a year ago, when the Central Investigation Group of the Traffic Division detected the activity of a highly specialised criminal group that was dedicated to illegally acquiring vehicles in Germany and registering them in Spain. To do this, they transported them to our country and before registering them, they passed the prior technical inspection with false documentation to obtain the corresponding ITV card.



Thanks to the collaboration with the Provincial Traffic Headquarters, it was possible to obtain that the registration files, where they came with the Spanish technical inspection card and after presenting falsified documentation again, were assigned national number plates. Then, and before the police reported them for theft, they were transferred to third parties who were unaware of their illegal origin.



Thanks to international cooperation with other European police forces, it was possible to determine the cross-border ramifications of this criminal group. In addition, it was found out that the vehicles stolen in Spain were sold on international markets, and in the same way, models stolen in other European countries were sold as legal vehicles, after falsifying all the documents.



High-end vehicles



The members of the criminal organisation fraudulently acquired vehicles of different high-end brands and models in Germany and Spain. Once they were located and inspected, they falsified the documentation they provided so as not to have any problems when purchasing them.



They also travelled from Germany to Spain and legalised the goods with falsified documents for their subsequent introduction into the second-hand or used market.

### Can You Drive Without a Shirt?

The question of driving without a shirt always comes up during summer, and although the law does not expressly prohibit driving topless, as the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) explains, it is a very dangerous act and can be dangerous when driving, and therefore, can result in a fine.



The código de circulación, the laws relating to driving, explains in articles 3.1, 17.1 and 18.1 that any action that prevents safe driving for both the driver and the other occupants of the vehicle must be sanctioned. That is why both practices of inappropriate footwear and not wearing a shirt can result in a fine.



According to the DGT, driving without a shirt is dangerous, since it could cause injuries if the seat belt is activated, as the seat belt will be in direct contact with the skin. Driving topless can result in horrific glass injuries in the event of a collision and can even result in sunburn. In addition to making driving difficult, it can be a major mishap for the driver in the event of a breakdown or accident. This obviously applies to all vehicle occupants, not just the driver.



The sanction can vary depending on the risk perceived. If your actions are considered minor, and not very dangerous, you could face a fine of 80 euro, but if the officer considers that the risk being assumed is greater, you can face a fine of up to 200 euro and the withdrawal of three points on the driving licence.



Remember also that you must maintain the correct posture when driving, or when travelling as a passenger, which is why putting your arm out of the window, or if a vehicle occupant puts their feet up on the dashboard, which is an extremely stupid thing to do as the injuries in the event of a collision would be catastrophic, not being secure in the vehicle, whether that is you, your passengers, goods, or animals, and not being properly dressed, can all result in a fine.

### Flip Flops – And other inappropriate footwear

It wouldn’t be summer if the question of whether you are allowed to drive in flip flops didn’t come up!



Firstly, before we look at the law, you should not drive in flip flops because it can be extremely dangerous, as your foot can easily slip out of the shoe, especially when they are covered in sand, or wet. There are numerous cases of flip flops getting trapped between the pedals of vehicles, sometimes with devastatingly fatal consequences, which could so easily have been avoided by wearing appropriate footwear.



However, if we ask the question, is it illegal to drive in flip flops, then the answer is mostly no.



The reason that this second question leads to an ambiguous answer is that there is no specific law which says you must not drive wearing flip flops. However, there are laws which dictate that as a driver you must always be in full control of the vehicle. If you are wearing inappropriate footwear and are involved in an incident, a collision, or are caught committing an offence, then it can be immediately deduced that you were not in full control of the vehicle, in which case your inappropriate footwear, flip flops for example, can be taken into consideration, and can therefore see you with an additional fine.



Wearing appropriate footwear is a must when driving. When you think about the physical process required to make a vehicle go, turn, or stop, all the actions are performed by our hands and feet.



If we consider a driver who is barefoot, for example, there is nothing illegal about this, but controlling the clutch, and even the brakes, can require a lot of pressure, which may prove difficult if a driver is barefoot. Feet can sweat and reduce the traction and wearing of socks or stockings is not ideal either, on account of the pressure needed.



Flip flops and sandals are considered by far the most dangerous of all inappropriate footwear. Shoes which don´t fit securely may fall off when driving and can get in the way of the pedals as we have explained. Equally dangerous is how the foot can slip whilst the shoe remains in contact with the pedal, thus reducing braking time and causing a considerable risk when stopping.

### N332 Magazine - Issue 28 - June 2024

Summer is pretty much here now, so we have the first special traffic operation for the last weekend in June, and then we have other operations throughout the summer, usually in a two-week timescale, before operation return at the end of the season.



At the start of summer, we have traffic leaving the inland areas to come to the coast, mostly, and at the end of summer, they go back. In between, for those two-week cycles, we get more coming and going in both directions.



In addition, of course it means the coastal areas are busier than normal throughout.



In this edition, we have our sections from our partners, Coys Rent a Car, Ibex Insurance, The Leader, and Quironsalud, and Car Registrations Spain, as well as our partners at This is Torrevieja and SpanishVida.







Click here to view in full screen, or scan the QR code to browse on mobile.

### A Reminder About Speed Limits in Spain

As we have been talking recently about new and more advanced radars to catch speeding motorists, it´s probably a good idea to talk once again about the speed limits on the roads of Spain.



All roads in Spain have a maximum permitted speed limit. However, that limit not only varies depending on the characteristics of the road, but also the type of vehicle, and (in some cases) the driver.



As always when we talk about speed limits we must offer the same reminder however, the maximum permitted speed is exactly that, a maximum, it is not a target and the actual safe speed may be much lower depending on the road and weather conditions.



That said, here is the overview of the generic maximum permitted speed on the roads by vehicle type, unless signs say otherwise.



PASSENGER CARS AND MOTORCYCLES



The maximum generic speed for cars and motorcycles on motorways is 120 kilometres per hour. On secondary roads, the maximum permitted speed is 90 kilometres per hour.



BUSES



Buses, and other vehicle derivatives that have been adapted, must not exceed 100 kilometres per hour on motorways. On conventional roads, the maximum permitted speed is 90 kilometres per hour. On other conventional roads out of town they cannot exceed 80 kilometres per hour. In the event of a bus carrying standing passengers (where permitted) the maximum permitted speed, whatever the type of interurban road, is 80 kilometres per hour.



TRUCKS



On motorways and highways, trucks, articulated vehicles, tractors and vans cannot exceed 90 kilometres per hour. On conventional roads outside of towns, the maximum permitted speed is 80 kilometres per hour.



SPECIAL TRANSPORT



Any vehicle which falls into this category, namely a bus carrying school children and displaying the yellow school bus sign, or a vehicle carrying goods classed as dangerous, the maximum permitted speed must be reduced by 10 kilometres per hour.



TOWING A TRAILER



The maximum permitted limit on motorways and highways is 90 kilometres per hour when towing a light trailer (which has a maximum mass less than or equal to 750 kg) and 80 kilometres per hour when towing a non-light trailer (greater than 750 kg). On conventional roads the maximum permitted speed is then 80 kilometres per hour.



QUADS, TRICYCLES AND BICYCLES



Vehicles with three wheels or “quads” have their speed limited to 70 kilometres per hour on any type of road where they are permitted to drive.



Cycles, two and three wheeled mopeds and light quadricycles have a maximum speed of 45 kilometres per hour where permitted.

### 65 Years Making Spanish Roads Safer

The Guardia Civil Traffic Group celebrated its 65 years on the roads of Spain since its creation in a special event in Madrid.



The event was chaired by the Secretary of State for Security, Rafael Pérez, who was accompanied by the general director of the Guardia Civil, Leonardo Marcos; the Undersecretary of the Interior, Susana Crisóstomo; the general director of Traffic, Pere Navarro; and the Government delegate in the Community of Madrid, Francisco Martín, among other authorities.



Pérez inaugurated an exhibition on the history of the Traffic Group that was open throughout the weekend, a visual tour that told how this Guardia Civil unit has evolved, from the uniforms of the agents to the types of vehicles used, including classic cars and motorcycles such as the Land Rover, the SEAT 124 or the R50 and R10, as well as current models, such as the Alfa Romeo Stelvio, the Renault Talisman or the BMW R1250.



The Mérida School instructors have also joined this celebration with a driving exhibition in which they have demonstrated some of the complicated tests that any agent who wants to pass the Traffic specialty must overcome.



The Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil was created by virtue of Law 14/1959 regulating traffic powers, with 560 guards in a Spain where one million vehicles circulated on 60,000 kilometres of roads.



The unit was growing in parallel with the increase in the number of vehicles in our country. Currently, it has almost 9,000 officers. The presence of women in the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil has been increasing significantly in recent years: there are 185 women in management, motorist and traffic positions. In 1991, the first Traffic agents entered the unit, specialising in traffic reports. Two years later, the first female motorcyclist was appointed.



This unit depends on the Operations Command of the Deputy Operational Directorate. It is specialised and specifically conceived, prepared and organised for the exercise of the powers assigned by law to the Guardia Civil in matters of traffic, transportation and safety on interurban roads for public use, crossings, as well as in urban roads where appropriate.



Preferably, it carries out the specific tasks of surveillance, regulation and control of traffic and road safety, as well as land road transport.




https://youtu.be/1NS86uJ9gME?si=nbFepoH1nYOpsPjA

### First Summer Traffic Operation Commences

As the summer season is set to get underway, the flow of traffic will start to intensify from this weekend, as many inland residents take to the roads for the start of their summer holidays.



Anticipated Busy Traffic Times



To reduce the problems, you should avoid traveling during unfavourable and very unfavourable hours. The worst traffic times for the days on which this Special Operation “1st Summer Operation – 2024” will take place will be the following:




The unfavourable hours on Friday will be from 3:00 p.m. to midnight.



The unfavourable hours on Saturday will be from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.



The unfavourable hours for Sunday will be from 6 p.m. to midnight.



The unfavourable hours for Monday will be from 7 a.m. to 2 p.m.




Daily Traffic Problem Details



Friday June 28, 2024



In the early afternoon there will be significant movements of long-distance vehicles that will cause high intensities and traffic problems in the EXIT direction of the large urban centres and also on the main access roads to the coastal, and tourist areas, these becoming more accentuated as the afternoon progresses and in the late afternoon-evening in the destination areas.



To these outward movements, there will also be outbound movements at the beginning of the weekend, mainly to coastal areas and second homes.



Exits from large urban centres and access to coastal tourist areas will be conflictive in the afternoon.



For this reason, on this day, during the afternoon and evening, traffic planning and regulation measures will be installed to facilitate the circulation of vehicles in the most conflictive areas.



The unfavourable hours on Friday will be from 3:00 p.m. to midnight.



Saturday June 29, 2024



From the early hours of the morning, intense traffic will continue in the EXIT direction of the large urban centres and on access roads to the coast, with high traffic intensities and traffic jams, until late in the morning in the destination areas.



Traffic regulation and management measures will be implemented during the morning to facilitate the exit of vehicles from large urban centres and access to the coast and beach areas.



The unfavourable hours on Saturday will be from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.



Sunday June 30, 2024



The access roads to the coast, beaches and coastal areas will be problematic in the morning, and in the afternoon the RETURN of those who have enjoyed the weekend will begin, with high traffic intensities and circulation problems on the main communication roads that channel all the return movement from the beach areas and second homes, towards the accesses of the large urban centres.



On this day, traffic planning and regulation measures will be installed during the afternoon and evening to encourage the entry of vehicles into large urban centres.



The unfavourable hours for Sunday will be from 6 p.m. to midnight.



Monday, July 1, 2024



In the early hours of the morning there will be high traffic intensities in the EXIT direction of the large urban centres, due to the beginning on this day of the tourist season for apartments, hotels and places of residence for the month of July. These movements in the outbound direction will be joined by those that usually occur during rush hour for departure/return to large urban centres because it is a working day.



Also, on this holiday day in the month of July, access to the coast and the roads that connect coastal towns with access to beaches will be conflictive in the morning.



The unfavourable hours for Monday will be from 7 a.m. to 2 p.m.



General Driving Advice



As always during holiday times, you should try to avoid the busiest times, and in any case you should allow extra time for your journey and plan the route ahead of leaving.



You must always abide by traffic laws, including those of speed and patience, and avoid alcohol or drugs in any case if you are driving. The only safe limit is zero.



You should also exercise patience with other road users who may not be aware of the locations they are driving and could make seemingly simple mistakes.



Always check the live traffic situation on the roads, which you can do by following the links on the front page of the N332 Website, near the bottom of the page.

### "Alcohol and drugs continue to be one of the main problems for road safety in Spain"

The Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, has explained that "alcohol and drugs have been and continue to be one of the main problems for road safety both in our country and throughout Europe", and for that reason the new campaign of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) of awareness to avoid incidents on the road will insist on the risks of driving under the effects of these substances.



Grande-Marlaska presented the campaign at an event held at the DGT headquarters, in which he was accompanied by the undersecretary of the Ministry of the Interior, Susana Crisóstomo; the general director of Traffic, Pere Navarro; the director of the Road Safety Observatory, Álvaro Gómez, and the head of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, General Tomás García.



This summer, the DGT campaign once again focuses on alcohol, but emphasises the idea that road safety is a personal decision, that is, a conscious choice that each driver has to make to comply with traffic rules, since that its compliance is the most effective way to avoid road traffic incidents.



The chosen slogan is "The road does not care how much you have drunk. Only zero has zero consequences", a message that appeals to the responsibility of each driver.



"We want to show the real and personal consequences of prohibited driving behaviours that show contempt for the community and we try to highlight that road safety is a decision, that respecting safety rules is a conscious choice that must be made every time," said the minister. "Our obligation is to enforce traffic rules because it is the most effective way to avoid accidents and traffic victims," ​​he added.



One of the reasons that has led the General Directorate of Traffic to focus the campaign on this very specific message is that alcohol is still the second cause of fatal incidents in our country, with 29 percent of deaths, only behind of distractions, with 31, and ahead of speed, with 23 percent.



In order for the campaign to reach the largest possible number of citizens, a television advertisement has been created, four radio spots that can be heard on the main radio stations in the country, a graphic for printed media and different pieces for digital media and social networks.



The audiovisual piece recreates a typical meal and after-dinner conversation with friends in which one of them, Pablo, in a state of considerable intoxication, decides that it is time to retire. Another of his friends, seeing the drunken state in which he is, tells him that he will give him a ride in his car because he has stopped drinking before. They both get into the car and begin the return trip that ends with the collision with another car in which a family is correctly traveling. A very frequent incident and from which no one is safe.



The radio spots try to banish false myths and beliefs regarding alcohol and driving, such as alternating the intake of water between drinks or not mixing different drinks, all of which are practices incompatible with driving.



A landing page for the campaign has also been created that can be seen at www.dgt.es and in which the citizen, in addition to seeing all the pieces created, will be able to participate in the activity called "Search for your own adventure", where they will be able to choose which character in the ad is going to take the drunk friend home and learn the consequences of that decision.



In addition, the campaign can also be seen throughout the summer in cinema circuits and in some of the advertising elements in the cities.



Concern about warnings



The Minister of the Interior has also taken advantage of his appearance to denounce that some drivers report the location of alcohol and drug controls through social networks and messaging applications.



"It is an unsupportive and uncivil practice, because this warning will allow a drunk driver to evade control and cause a serious accident at any other point where innocent citizens may be affected," said Grande-Marlaska, who added that it also means "an attack on the waterline of a policy against alcohol while driving that is a basic and fundamental element of road safety policy, because it saves lives."



The Minister of the Interior has asked the DGT to study the best way and means of incorporating the prohibition of this type of warning into our legislation. Countries such as Switzerland and France have already regulated it and included it in their sanctioning rules.



Better behaviour



Grande-Marlaska has also influenced the current situation of road safety. So far this year, and until Sunday, April 23, 507 people have died in road incidents, which is 6 percent more than in the same period of the previous year (27 more deaths).



The increase in fatalities is concentrated on motorways, with 29 more deaths, while on conventional roads it remains stable. Likewise, deaths in passenger cars increase, with 24 more deaths and on weekdays (22 more deaths).



These data, despite being better than those of the first quarter, represent a challenge, since July and August are the months of the year in which the greatest number of road trips occur. In the summer of last year, 238 people lost their lives in road incidents and 959 were seriously injured.



Traffic faces these two months with the objective set on motorcycles, since they account for 3 percent of traffic and 25 percent of deaths; in road departures, causing 42 percent of fatal incidents; in road incidents, which represent 11 percent of traffic incidents, and in alcohol, drugs and speed, which continue to be, along with distractions, the main causes of road incidents.

### Symptoms of a Heart Attack and How to Act

A heart attack, medically known as a myocardial infarction, is a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when blood flow to the heart is blocked, usually due to a build-up of plaque in the coronary arteries.



This blockage prevents oxygen and nutrients from reaching the heart muscle, causing damage or death to the tissues.



Why Does a Heart Attack Occur? Symptoms of a Heart Attack



"The primary cause of myocardial infarctions and strokes is cholesterol plaques in our arteries," confirms Dr. Silvia Silva from the Cardiology Department at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital.



"If we don't control these plaques," the specialist continues, "they grow, soften, and can rupture, causing cholesterol to come into contact with the blood. This triggers a large clot that blocks the arteries and prevents blood from reaching the heart tissues. Therefore, cholesterol is not just a risk factor but one of the main causes of myocardial infarction."



Another major trigger of heart attacks is lipoprotein A, a type of bad cholesterol that is not typically included in routine blood tests.



"The problem with lipoprotein A is that it does not respond to diet or exercise and must be controlled with medication. Moreover, it increases the likelihood of myocardial infarctions at an early age, as it is a hereditary type of cholesterol."



Are There Symptoms Days Before a Heart Attack?



There are some symptoms days before a heart attack that can alert us, such as chest discomfort or numbness in the left arm.



Regarding the symptoms of an imminent heart attack, Dr. Silvia Silva highlights:



- Chest pain or discomfort: This is the most common symptom and can manifest as a sensation of pressure, tightness, burning, or pain that can last for minutes or come and go intermittently. It can also feel like a tight band around the chest, similar to severe indigestion.



- Radiating pain: In an acute myocardial infarction, the pain can extend from the chest to the left arm, jaw, back, or neck.



- Shortness of breath: During a massive heart attack, some people feel short of breath, "as if they are out of breath" even without physical exertion.



- Profuse sweating: Another symptom of a heart attack is excessive sweating. We should be alert if it is "cold and clammy" and accompanies other symptoms.



- Nausea, vomiting, indigestion, or dizziness: Some people may feel nauseous, gag, or vomit, or experience "stomach discomfort similar to indigestion" before having a heart attack.



Additionally, Dr. Silvia Silva from Quirónsalud Torrevieja reminds us that heart attack symptoms in men are not the same as those in women or the elderly.



 How to React in an Acute Myocardial Infarction: Heart Attack Code and the Importance of Hospital Care



If we believe someone nearby is having a heart attack, we should:



- Call emergency services immediately.



- Have them sit or lie down in a comfortable position where they can rest.



- If we know they have heart attack medication, administer it.



- Try to keep their airway open and clear.



- If they stop breathing or have no pulse, perform CPR (only if we are trained to do so).



- Do not offer food or drinks.



- Keep them warm.



- Provide emotional support, talk to them calmly, and try to convey safety and tranquillity.



The medical team's reaction will depend on the type of heart attack and the organs affected, as having a myocardial infarction is different from having a stroke.



In this context, Dr. Silvia Silva from the Cardiology Department at Quirónsalud Torrevieja talks about the "Heart Attack Code," an emergency protocol at this hospital to speed up the diagnosis and treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) symptoms.



Can Acute Myocardial Infarction Be Prevented?



Dr. Alejandro Pascual, a specialist from the Cardiology Unit at Quirónsalud Alicante, explains that to prevent heart attacks, it is necessary to:



- Identify and control risk factors.



- Regularly check that cardiovascular health is in good condition.



Cardiovascular risk factors and heart attacks can be modifiable or non-modifiable.



"In the first group, we include lifestyle-related issues such as being overweight, smoking, high cholesterol, sedentary lifestyle, or stress; in the second group, we highlight age (the risk increases after 45 years in men and 55 in women), gender (men are more prone to heart attacks and strokes, although the percentage is similar in women after menopause), family history, or race."



Regarding tests to monitor cardiovascular health, "they can be requested by the specialist and depend on how we are at any given moment," although some routine medical checks can alert us to a potential heart attack risk, such as "abnormal heart sounds, high blood pressure, or concerning blood test results."



Regarding the tests we should request from the cardiologist, the specialist from Quirónsalud Alicante lists:



- Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG).



- Echocardiogram.



- Stress tests.



- Holter or ambulatory monitoring.



- Laboratory tests.



- Coronary angiography.



Consequences of a Heart Attack and Post-Attack Care



After suffering a cardiac arrest, the heart muscle does not recover 100%, as some cells and tissues may "die" or lose their ability to contract.



Therefore, the risk of having another heart attack is high.



According to Dr. Silvia Silva, after rapid hospital treatment, the patient is "transferred to the UCIC for continuous monitoring and additional treatment. Normally, 48 hours after the heart attack, the patient undergoes a programme designed to improve their recovery with supervised exercise, education on lifestyle changes, and risk factor management."



Regarding post-attack care, Dr. Alejandro Pascual emphasizes the importance of care, being essential:



- Adopting a healthy diet: It is advised to limit saturated fats, cholesterol, and sodium.



- Engaging in regular exercise: It is recommended to perform at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous aerobic activity weekly.



- Maintaining a healthy weight.



- Quitting smoking.



- Keeping blood pressure within healthy levels (generally below 120/80 mmHg).



- Controlling "bad" cholesterol (generally below 100 mg/dL) with diet, regular exercise, or medication.



- Monitoring blood glucose levels.



- Limiting alcohol consumption.



- Scheduling regular medical check-ups to assess the risk of heart disease in a personalized way.



- Measuring lipoprotein A in routine blood tests.

### Can You Be Fined for Driving Through a Yellow Light?

Surely you have found yourself in this situation at some point. You are approaching a traffic light and just before passing it the green light changes to yellow or amber. In a few seconds generally drivers decide to accelerate before it turns red, although you should never accelerate towards a hazard, and risk a possible fine or, after checking that there is no other vehicle too close, brake safely.



But the question is, can you be fined for driving through the yellow light?



Well, the first thing we are going to do is go to article 146 of the General Traffic Regulations, which is where the operation of “circular traffic lights for vehicles” is specified. This is where we find the two possible assumptions that we must take into account, because with one we can be fined and with the other we cannot.



“A flashing yellow light or two alternately flashing yellow lights force drivers to exercise extreme caution and, where appropriate, give way. Furthermore, they do not exempt from compliance with other signs that require stopping.”



“A steady yellow light means that vehicles must stop under the same conditions as if it were a steady red light, unless, when it is turned on, the vehicle is so close to the stopping point that it cannot stop before the traffic light in sufficient safety conditions.”



Therefore, if we encounter the first case in which the traffic light intermittently shows the yellow or amber light, what we should do is reduce speed and check our surroundings, because it is probably enabled for pedestrians to cross the road. Remember, the rule says, “give way” and so pedestrians in this situation have priority. The light can also be used to warn of other reasons such as construction work.



But if it is fixed, we must act as if it were red, with the exception indicated above. If you do not heed this warning, the regulations indicate that it will entail a fine of 200 euro and the withdrawal of four points from your licence.



The excuse of not being able to stop must be quantifiable however, you cannot just drive through the yellow light and hope that you can use that get out without just reason.

### Eco Stickers Will Not be Reclassified to the Detriment of Older Vehicles

The general director of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), Pere Navarro, spoke recently about the challenges of older vehicles in Spain, and clarified that the environmental badge, or eco sticker, will not be reclassified to their detriment.



Navarro recognised the immense effort made by the automobile industry to improve the safety of its vehicles with the progressive incorporation of ADAS (driving aids). The same incident with a vehicle less than 5 years old can save your life, you will emerge unscathed, while with an older vehicle it will have serious consequences. Specifically, the risk of dying or being seriously injured is multiplied by two when comparing incidents that occur with vehicles 10 to 15 years old, in relation to vehicles less than 5 years old. In terms of emissions, there is also a big difference: a recent Euro 6 (label C) emits 60 mg/km of NOx while another one prior to 2001 (Euro 3, label B) emits 2.5 times more.



With the figures for the year 2022, it is clearly observed that the average age of the passenger cars in which those who died in incidents were traveling was 14.8 years in the case of interurban roads and 15.4 on urban roads, while the average age of the circulating fleet of passenger cars was 11.8 years. At the DGT they work on the education and training of drivers to avoid human error, but if this occurs, the driving aids for new vehicles will greatly minimise the consequences.



There has been talk about a possible update to vehicle labelling and its impact on access to Low Emission Zones (ZBE). Navarro stated that updating the current system of environmental labels is one of the tasks that has been studied for some time with several options identified on the table, but still without decided evaluation criteria, due to the disparity in technologies and aspects to be taken into account such as Euro 7 regulations or the future new EU Air Quality Directive.



In any case, there will not be a general reclassification that will cause existing vehicles to lose access rights, but will affect new vehicles more. The change process will have among its priorities a very broad communication strategy with the collaboration of manufacturers and institutions together with the DGT and with an information period of sufficient duration to reduce confusion.

### Recall Alerts to be Included in MiDGT App

Product recalls issued by vehicle manufacturers, importers or representatives when they detect a factory anomaly will be included for the first time in the Vehicle Registry of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT). This has just been announced by the DGT with the aim of increasing transparency and information in the purchase and sale operations of used vehicles.



Until now, communication bad generally been done by the traditional postal system, or notices on the manufacturer’s website, but thanks to this new channel in the Vehicle Registry, the means of communication by electronic means increase so that vehicle owners are informed of possible defects.



Any citizen will be able to find out if they have a pending recall through these means: at the time of passing the ITV at an ITV station or through a vehicle report, when requesting information about the status of a vehicle they intend to purchase.



Information on the pending review call will also be provided either through the MiDGT application or an online consultation service at the Electronic Office.



Product recalls are made by vehicle manufacturers, importers, or representatives when they detect a factory anomaly in one of their vehicles, which affects its safety. In that case, it is their obligation to communicate the defect to the owners of the vehicle to proceed with the free repair at their official dealers.



According to the DGT, there is a high degree of commitment from manufacturers to these campaigns since most of them register a correction percentage above 92%, but they are not definitively closed until 100% of affected vehicles are reached.



The most common 'calls for review' are those that affect: the airbag, braking assistance system, engine control software, other types of software (transmission, control centres...), seat belts, pump and/or fuel line. fuel, battery and its conductive elements, coolant, parking brake, and various wiring.



In 2023, vehicle manufacturers, importers or representatives carried out 523 recall campaigns affecting a total of 1.2 million vehicles.

### Improve Your Quality of Life: Discover How Robotic Surgery for Prostate Cancer Works and Its Benefits

Robotic surgery for prostate cancer is generally less invasive, with faster recovery and a lower risk of complications.



In its early stages, prostate cancer may not cause any signs or symptoms. However, when more advanced, it can cause various symptoms such as urinary problems, decreased force in the urine stream, blood in the urine or semen, bone pain, unintentional weight loss, and erectile dysfunction. After detecting prostate cancer, there are various treatment options, and if surgery is required, one of the best choices is robotic surgery due to its numerous advantages.



Robotic surgery offers several benefits compared to traditional open surgery and standard laparoscopy. Thanks to robotic technology, more precise and controlled movements are achieved through smaller incisions, resulting in less postoperative pain, smaller scars, and a quicker and more comfortable recovery.



Reduced Invasiveness and Advanced Precision: The Da Vinci Robotic Surgery in Prostate Cancer Treatment



With less blood loss, robotic surgery for prostate cancer is generally less invasive, with faster recovery and a lower risk of complications due to the precision of robotic movements, which can reduce the risk of damage to surrounding tissues and nerves, crucial for erectile function and urinary continence.



The Da Vinci robot allows for handling highly complex uro-oncological cases with excellent results. One of the main benefits of surgery with the Da Vinci robot is the detailed visualisation, as the high-definition 3D camera provides a better view of the surgical area, helping to identify and preserve important structures.



In the field of urology, the Da Vinci robot has proven to be highly effective, enabling minimally invasive surgeries with maximum precision and safety, thanks to its sophisticated and innovative technology. Some of the most commonly treated urological conditions by the Da Vinci robot are:



- Prostate cancer (prostatectomy).



- Kidney cancer (total/partial nephrectomy).



- Bladder cancer (radical cystectomy).



- Urinary incontinence and urogenital prolapse.



What is a Prostatectomy?



It is the most advanced surgery for the treatment of prostate cancer (robotic radical prostatectomy) and involves removing the prostate and seminal vesicles to eliminate all tumour tissue, facilitating the individualisation of the surgical needs of each patient depending on the type of cancer they have.



What Are the Postoperative Advantages of Prostatectomy with the Da Vinci Robot?



One advantage is the recovery of urinary continence, with continence rates at one year being 95% for the Da Vinci system and 80% for open surgery. Another advantage is the recovery of erectile function, with better erectile function recovery rates with robotic prostatectomy, with one-year potency rates of 97% for the Da Vinci system and 88% for open surgery.



After the intervention, no specific care is required, and the recovery is faster than with traditional open surgery. After being discharged from the hospital, the patient can resume their daily life, avoiding exertion during the first four weeks.



“For its performance, only small skin incisions of 0.5 to 1 cm in length are necessary, through which we can perform, guided by the high-definition camera, the complete removal of the prostate with an optimal level of precision."



- Dr Sven Petry, Head of the Urology Department at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, the first to perform a robotic cystectomy in the Valencian Community.



Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital has extensive experience in robotic surgery, as it was one of the pioneering hospitals nationwide to implement and train its surgeons in the use of this technology 15 years ago.



Advantages of Robotic Surgery in Urology



Thanks to the Da Vinci robotic surgery system, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital provides the best treatment and outcomes for prostate cancer patients needing radical prostatectomy. Some of the advantages of robotic surgery in urology are:



- More precise tumour tissue removal, improving the effectiveness of the treatment.



- Greater capacity to preserve neurovascular structures, favouring optimal recovery of sexual function.



- Significant improvements in the preservation and restoration of urinary continence after prostate cancer surgeries.



- Improved control of defecatory function.



- Notable reduction in blood loss and the need for transfusions during surgery.



- Lower risk of complications and infections in the surgical wound, ensuring safer recovery.



- Shorter hospital stays.



Quirónsalud Torrevieja, the first private hospital in Alicante to have an Advanced Robotic Surgery Unit.

### New Radars Can Check E-scooter Speed

The DGT had been warning of the increase in incidents related to electric scooters, increasing by almost 40% in general terms, and aside from the education campaigns many local police departments are embarking on, enforcement is also playing a part, to which the latest tool in the armoury is a radar speed detector which can be used specifically to monitor e-scooters.



As part of the technical specification to qualify as a Personal Mobility Vehicles (PMV), the vehicle cannot exceed 25 kilometres per hour. Although exceeding this speed is theoretically possible with some of the vehicles for sale in Spain, they must be limited. However, some people have been able to bypass that restriction, and so their vehicles have been adapted to exceed the maximum permitted limit, which is not allowed.



In Malaga, the police have imposed no less than 10,386 fines on electric scooters in the last 5 years, the majority for parking them incorrectly, traveling in pedestrian areas or traveling with 2 or more people, and now the City Council announced that it will also control speed through new mobile radars.



The checks will be carried out at random times and locations, and the driver will be immediately identified and sanctions, with a fine of 200 euro, whether the electric scooter is owned or rented. In addition, in the event that the Local Police verify that the vehicle has been modified, they state that they will immediately seize it for failing to comply with the General Vehicle Regulations. 

### A Reminder about Children in Cars

The summer holidays are about to begin, and that means many families taking to the road, sometimes for a road trip holiday, sometimes just at a holiday destination, but it is important to remember that the rules of the road may differ from country to country, and in Spain, one rule that differs to other locations in the protection of children in cars.



In Spain, children measuring 135 cm in height or less must ride in the rear seats of a vehicle, irrespective of their age, and must sit in the correct and approved seat appropriate to their size and weight.



The only exceptions to this are if the vehicle doesn’t have rear seats, or the rear seats are already occupied by other children. 



Seat belts must be worn by all vehicle occupants.



The Child Restraint Systems for younger and growing children provide the best protection for a child when on board a vehicle. That is why the law dictates their use, to enforce the maximum protection for children.



The use of child restraint systems reduces injuries by up to 75% in the event of a collision. According to data from the DGT, road traffic incidents are the leading cause of death amongst children under 14 years of age, and, tragically, 40% of those children who lose their lives wore no protection system, and, according to the statistics, could well be alive today.



The law also requires seats to be of an approved standard. Those which meet the minimum required standards carry an orange label, usually located at the rear, which guarantees that the seat has undergone a series of tests to prove safety and reliability.



The approval system is based on a European standard and EU regulation ECE-R44.03, which also ensures certain information is listed on the label.



There are a number of classifications for car seats which are based on the physical characteristics of the child, the most important being weight and come with a guide for age, although remembering that children of the same age can differ greatly in their physical characteristics, the age element is just a guide.

### Where will New Radars be Located?

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has acquired a new batch of “super-radars” to add to the arsenal of tools the Guardia Civil traffic officers have to monitor and deal with speeding vehicles, and these radars will be positioned in more places than ever before, to try to reduce one of the increasingly worrying contributors to road traffic collision and fatalities.



According to data provided by the DGT, the number of serious incidents caused by inappropriate speed has increased. For this reason, new measure to combat the problem are being implemented, including a new location for mobile radars.



This new location for the DGT mobile radars joins another decision announced by the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, which consists of the installation of 95 new fixed speed control radars on Spanish roads, of which the 60 percent will be section radars.



In relation to the new location of the speed radars, the director of the DGT, Pere Navarro, was in charge of making the announcement during the Road Safety Commission of the Congress of Deputies.



As Pere Navarro has pointed out, the Traffic Agency is working to place the mobile radars in a new location where, until now, they have never been located. Furthermore, the director of the DGT has indicated that they want to implement this measure in the summer, so special care will have to be taken since it would affect the vacation trips.



One of the areas where a focus will take place is in sections of roadworks. Traffic is generally slowed down in roadworks partly due to the changed dynamics of the road, but also to protect the workers operating on the stretch, and yet, so many people ignore the restrictions, almost with blatant disregard for the lives of others.



There will also be a greater intensity of checks on motorways, as previously announced, and a continuation of checks in high-risk areas.



It is worth remembering that the locations of fixed cameras are published by the DGT, but, as we have mentioned a couple of times recently, the sharing of temporary radars is not allowed. Moreover, the use of radar detectors which can alert drivers to the presence of these devices is prohibited, not only by their use, but simply by owning one.



The most important thing to remember is that speed limits, wherever they might be, are maximums, never a target, and the prevailing conditions could dictate that you should drive slower.

### New Cars will be Safer from July

The European Union has imposed new regulations on road safety, which adds a total of 8 ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) devices to the current regulations.



Over the last few decades, the European Union has been introducing different regulations in order to improve car safety. This has forced manufacturers to incorporate different security systems.



The regulations came into force on July 6, 2022, and the European Union has decided to introduce an increase in new mandatory safety technologies in all new vehicles launched on the market from July 2024.



The 8 ADAS that new cars must have from July 2024:



Fatigue and drowsiness detector (DDR)



This is a device that notifies the driver when it is detected that they have lost concentration behind the wheel, whether due to fatigue, sleep or other causes, as its name indicates. Once it detects little activity behind the wheel, a warning light of a steaming cup appears on the dashboard.



Intelligent speed ​​assist (ISA)



This ADAS is one of the most relevant in terms of road safety. In this case, the car incorporates a camera in the front part of the rearview mirror, so that it reads the traffic signs on the road.



The information reaches a control unit, which will determine whether it is necessary to reduce the speed or not, based on the data obtained through GPS.



Cross traffic alert (RCTA)



This is a system that analyses rear traffic in a transverse direction when reversing, as may occur in a parking lot. Thus, when the presence of either a vehicle, a pedestrian or a bicycle is detected, it emits a sound to warn the driver.



Black box (EDR)



It is a device similar to the one installed on airplanes, which is located under the driver's seat. Registers a total of more than 15 parameters.



Lane departure warning (LDW)



This system is responsible for controlling the position of the car in the lane, and warns the driver when it involuntarily leaves the lane without using the turn signal.



Emergency braking system (ESS)



It helps detect the exact moment where the vehicle in front of us is performing emergency braking. This avoids a collision and reduces the effect of the range. The warning is carried out through rapidly flashing lights.



Ignition inhibitor with breathalyser



New cars that go on the market starting in July will have a starter inhibitor with a breathalyser. It is a device that detects the level of alcohol that the driver has in his or her body through the exhaled air.



However, the European Union has indicated that it will be up to each country to determine the situations in which this system will be mandatory.



Seat belt alert



This system, as its name indicates, reminds all passengers in the car of the obligation to put on their seat belt. If you travel a certain distance or exceed 25 km/h without the driver wearing the seat belt, the device will emit an acoustic signal that will increase in intensity until the driver fastens it.

### Eight out of ten melanomas are curable if detected early

Patients who already have melanoma are more sensitive to suffering a second one, as well as the immediate relatives of these patients, who must follow strict control





Thanks to Teledermatology, Quirónsalud specialists offer a diagnosis in less than forty-eight hours




According to the Spanish Association Against Cancer, skin cancer already accounts for 8% of the total number of tumours diagnosed, a figure that is increasing and whose registration has increased by 40% in the last 4 years.



The  most common  type of skin cancer is basal cell carcinoma (BCC). This type of cancer accounts for about 80% of all non-melanoma skin cancers. It develops in the basal cells, which are the cells in the deepest layer of the epidermis. It usually appears as a small, shiny bump on the skin, often on sun-exposed areas such as the face, neck, and hands. It can also present as a non-healing sore, a red patch, or a scar. However, we can find up to more than 100 types of skin cancer. "We could say that basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma are the most frequent, in this order," explains  Dr. Lisset Sardá, head of the Dermatology Service at Quirónsalud Alicante.



Melanoma originates in melanocytes, cells that produce the pigment melanin responsible for skin colour. Although it is less common than other types of skin cancer, it is much more dangerous due to its ability to spread to other parts of the body, that is, to metastasize, although as Dr. Sardá points out, "more than 80% of this type of cancer is curable as long as it is detected in time".



Symptoms of melanoma, the most dangerous skin tumour



Among the main symptoms of melanoma are changes in the size, shape or colour of a mole, the appearance of new growth on the skin, the sensation of itching, pain or bleeding of a mole. "These symptoms should alert us and bring them to the attention of a specialist as soon as possible," advises Dr. Sardá.



Risk factors for skin cancer



In relation to the behaviours that increase the probability of developing melanoma, the head of the Dermatology Service at Quirónsalud Alicante points out that sunburns during childhood and adolescence are the most linked to melanoma. In addition, people who use ultraviolet tanning booths have a 20 times higher risk of developing this type of cancer over the course of their lifetime. "We know that the lighter the colour of the skin, hair and eyes of patients, the less ability they have to defend themselves from ultraviolet radiation and develop melanoma more easily, with red-haired individuals being the most at risk. On the other hand, patients who already have melanoma are more sensitive to suffering a second one, as well as the direct relatives of these patients, who must follow strict control," says Dr. Sardá.



To detect it, Quirónsalud specialists advise following the rules of the ABCDE, an acronym that refers to the asymmetry of this type of lesion, irregular borders, heterogeneous colour and a diameter greater than six millimetres, although the most important is E, its evolution: any change in a mole must be assessed by a dermatologist.



Early diagnosis of skin cancer in Alicante and Torrevieja thanks to Teledermatology



The main advantage offered  by the Teledermatology services of Hospital  Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante is the short period of time that elapses between the consultation and the diagnosis of the specialist, which allows it to be addressed as soon as possible in the event of suspected malignancy and to apply the necessary treatment to guarantee a higher cure rate.



The patient is seen in an initial consultation with health personnel trained in dermoscopic techniques which includes a report on the skin lesions and their evolution, as well as important data such as history, risk factors, etc. After this consultation, the specialist will take images using dermoscopic technology that are sent to the dermatologist, who will issue his diagnosis in less than forty-eight hours.



In case of doubt or suspicion of malignancy, the patient will be contacted as a priority and will be offered a face-to-face appointment in less than two days, in which the specialist will explain their case and the procedure to be followed.

### Stickers and their Symbolism

In Spain, it is mandatory to display certain stickers on the vehicle in certain circumstances, such as the ITV, Eco Sticker, or Car Share badge, but whereas these stickers are displayed in the windscreen, failure to do so resulting in a fine, stickers on the rear of vehicles are also quite common, and most of them also have a meaning.



Firstly, before we get to the fun part, the DGT establishes by regulation is that " the glass surface of the vehicle must allow, in any case, clear visibility for the driver over the entire road on which it circulates, without interference from sheets or adhesives", and so if you have unnecessary stickers in the window, you are exposing yourself to a potential 200 euro fine.



What we are talking about is stickers which do not interfere with visibility, largely because they are affixed to the metalwork, and often at the rear, which is perfectly fine.



Although, special mention to the number plate and lights, because you cannot interfere with these either.



Now, we will explain some of the most popular stickers you will see on the back of vehicles, although there are many more.



The Bull



Typically identified as a symbol of Spain, and is often seen by the roadside on billboards, and although the bull is associated with Spain through various activities, the popularity of the symbolism came about from an advertising campaign. The bull we see at the side of the road was created by Manolo Prieto in 1956 to advertise the Brandy de Jerez produced by the Osborne Group.



The Donkey



The sticker of a black donkey with a white belly, snout and eye is very common, especially in Catalonia, as it refers to a breed of this animal native to Catalonia and the Pyrenees, which was originally used as a silhouette to raise awareness of the need to protect this species so that it does not become endangered. Today, it is often seen more of a symbol of Catalan nationalism that uses it in opposition to the typical Spanish bull.







Bullseye Roundel



The roundel has also become a symbol of pride in the national identity of Spain. Shaped like a target and with the colours red. and yellow of the flag of Spain. This is the cockade of Spain, a symbol that emerged during the War of Independence and was later closely linked to the military sphere.







A Cross



One of the most common symbols in some areas is that of a cross, often depicted with the letters A and W hanging from it. It is also known as the Victory Cross, an early 10th century Asturian crux gemmata or jewelled cross, given by King Alfonso III of Asturias, and is seen as a symbol of the area of northern Spain from where natives have often relocated to other parts of the country, bringing their iconography of pride with them.







The Fish



Another of the most common stickers is that of an enigmatic fish that you can see in many rear areas of cars. It is called Ichthys and is actually related to Christianity, so whoever carries it in the car shows their faith and religious beliefs.



Indalo



The stickman symbol is especially visible in Andalusia. The Indalo is a regional emblem, a distinctive sign of Almería. Specifically, it was a Neolithic cave painting discovered in the Los Letreros cave in 1968. There are those who see a man hunting with a bow, or those who interpret it as a man with a rainbow as a symbol of protection against evil, but it is an emblem of Almería to represent the province and protect from traffic incidents and other evils.







Penelope



The mysterious woman with a hat, known as Penelope, was the logo of a famous nightclub in Benidorm of the same name. This nightclub became a club of great national recognition, even opening clothing stores. Today it is still open and celebrates themed parties, with this logo, which represents a symbol of leisure and nightlife. In fact, after the Osborne bull, it is the second most sold sticker in Spain today.







There are many others, flowers being one of the most popular we left off the list, and the Man of La Mancha, but these few should give you an insight into some of the reasons these stickers are displayed with pride. Let us know your favourite, or if there is one that has always raised your curiosity.

### Super Radars to Catch Much More than Before

At the cost of 78,650 euro each, the General Directorate of Traffic has purchased 15 new mobile radars, far superior to their predecessors, which themselves are a massive improvement on earlier generation, and are so clever they are being dubbed, “super-radars”.



Tradesegur is once again the company who will provide the equipment, and as a leader in the field, they are no stranger to the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, as their equipment can be installed in patrol cars, marked or unmarked, which is where these new radars are destined, or used as mobile devices on a tripod or other fixed structure.



These latest devices are the “most advanced on the market”, and are extremely accurate in detecting speed, although a small margin of error will still be applied, but one of the main novelties of their innovative technology is that the camera allows them to control up to a total of six lanes at a time, and in both directions, and so a single camera can monitor the majority of roads, including motorways, with little effort.



The cameras, according to the manufacturer, are also capable of distinguishing between light and heavy vehicles, which is also extremely useful on roads where speed limits are not only dictated by the type of road, but also by the vehicle driving on that road, as further restrictions do apply in some cases depending on the type of vehicle you are driving.



As is the case for much of the new technology being used today, there is not generally a need for the vehicle to be stopped and dealt with at the scene, unless the violation is excessive, as the process is automatic, the vehicle owner or keeper receiving the notification remotely, and therefore having to pay the corresponding fine, without, perhaps, even being aware they have been caught out until that point.



There will also be an increase in speed monitoring throughout the summer, which will also include locations not normally covered by these devices, according to the director of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), Pere Navarro, who is increasingly concerned about the increase in incidents where speed is a factor, and the increase in fatalities and serious injuries, which are going against the overall plan under the “Road to Zero” policy.



Therefore, as well as the usual summer-themed campaigns focussing on the likes of alcohol and drugs, speed checks will be intensified throughout the entire summer period.

### Windscreen Damage Must Be Repaired Immediately

If we rollback to the first automobiles to take to the street, comparing those cars to what we have today, they are almost incomparable. One of the biggest improvements has been the structural integrity that provides a safer environment, but there are still weak spots, and one of those weak spots are a necessity because they are required to allow us to see, the windows.



Although glass technology has also improved tremendously, and vehicle windows are also considerably safer than ever, they are still prone to impacts leading to chips and cracks, both of which can become a bigger problem, and weaken the integrity.



On such impact damage leaves a star-shaped mark on the glass, also known as 'chinazo'. If not repaired, this impact can range from a few millimetres to completely breaking the windscreen. Factors such as sudden changes in temperature or potholes can cause the glass to break sooner. For this reason, at the slightest sign of damage, it is advisable to go to a specialist workshop.



Workshops specialised in the repair - or replacement - of windscreens usually carry out this type of work in an average duration of about 30 minutes and the price of a repair is relatively cheap, compared to a replacement. It is important however to take the advice of the professionals as to the best course of action. Some insurance policies cover



The front windscreen is the only glass surface of the vehicle that can be repaired. In Spain, the General Traffic Regulations (RGC) establish that a windscreen must be repaired if the impact meets the following requirements:




The diameter of the break is not greater than 2.5 cm



Is not in the driver's viewing angle



If there are no more than three different impacts



If the crack is more than 2.5 cm from the edge of the glass




In addition, article 19 of the RGC states that “the glass surface of the vehicle must allow, in all cases, clear visibility for the driver on the road on which it is traveling.”



Article 18 refers to the driver having to “maintain the necessary field of vision.” In this way, having a windshield in poor condition can lead to a fine of up to 200 euro. In the worst case, the vehicle may become immobilised as it poses a serious road safety risk for its occupants and other road users. It must be clarified that even the slightest damage - impact, mark or crack - can be subject to a fine.

### It COULD Be Possible for Any Vehicle to Enter Low Emissions Zones to Access the ITV Centre

We should all be aware that the ITV inspection (Inspección Técnica de Vehículos) is mandatory once a vehicle reaches a certain age, and must then be renewed periodically, and not doing so can result in a hefty fine, or worse, but a problem has arisen in some areas where ITV test centres are located in Low Emissions Zones (ZBE).



In some areas, such as Torrelavega and Santander, for example, the ITV centre is located in a ZBE, which would mean that certain vehicles are prohibited from entering, and therefore unable to visit the local centre to have the test carried out.



It is worth noting that you can attend any ITV centre across the country for the test, irrespective of where you live, but convenience often leads people to their closest centre.



Entering a ZBE without the corresponding sticker can lead to a 200 euro fine, and so for some of those whose vehicles are not suitable, it became a problem.



That is why the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has decided to regulate this matter and has updated instruction MOV 2023/20 to offer recommendations when “establishing moratoriums, exemptions and authorisations in vehicle access” to the ZBE.



The document details the types of vehicles to which municipal officials could apply the exceptions, expressly citing those that, “go to ITV stations that are located within the ZBE to pass the mandatory technical inspection (ITV) or to legalise reforms.”



The updating of this instruction has been promoted by the AECA-ITV station association, but it is important to keep in mind that it is only a recommendation, so councils are not obliged to follow it, so you still need to check before you proceed.

### Sharing Checkpoint Locations is a Serious Infraction

We spoke last week about why you should never warn about checkpoints, and how the DGT are stepping up plans to deal with those who do, but a number of questions have arisen about sharing the information on mobile apps.



The first point we have to make is that if you have a mapping app, Google maps or Tomtom for example, and that app tells you about the location of fixed radar cameras, then that is not a problem. In fact, the DGT wants people to know where fixed speed cameras are located and publish them on their own website, as these cameras are in high-risk areas, and the idea is to promote safer behaviour in the areas where they are located.



The problems surround the awareness or sharing of temporary locations of checks, or checkpoints, that is not permitted.



Regarding the sharing of information via mobile apps, we can look at Galicia as an example, the autonomous community in which, by far, the most use is made of this type of applications, where prosecutions have already been successful.



Regarding the sanctions they are not fines processed based on the Traffic and Road Safety Law but based on the Citizen Security Law.



The exact amount of the fine received by the administrators of the two sanctioned WhatsApp groups so far, based on what is established by the Law and since these are serious infractions, amount to between 601 and 3,000 euro. The final amount is calculated based on factors such as the damage caused, the profit obtained or the nature of the infringement.



The big question that arises as a result of all of the above is whether any citizen can be sanctioned for the mere fact of being part of a group or apps that warn of the presence of police controls or being a member of the community.



The response from the Guardia Civil is that "they continue to investigate the association and the social media groups" and that, at first, they plan to "go against the administrators", but "later also against those who make the notifications directly”.



As we explained last week, the idea of sanctioning those who share the information is not about the desire to collect fines, but in order to preserve the activities of these checkpoints which could be looking for a dangerous fugitive, a drunk or drugged driver, or the victim of a kidnapping, like the French film we reminded you about last week. Or, one of many other reasons with the single aim of keeping everyone as safe as possible.



"We should not downplay the importance of these warnings, which serve to prevent the Security Forces and Bodies from being able to effectively fight against road crime and also common crime, in the current situation of very specialised and violent crime that uses drug trafficking networks", added the Guardia Civil.

### What is a Pedagogical Radar?

Chances are you have seen these, and (hopefully) reacted favourably, but there is an increasing number of these devices appearing on the roads of Spain, and so you might want to know a little bit more about the pedagogical radar and how they work. And, you might also want to know what those fancy words are actually referring to!



Perhaps if we first explain that pedagogy is most commonly understood as the approach to teaching, the theory and practice of learning, and how this process influences, and is influenced by, the social, political, and psychological development of learners.



Now you know the “science bit”, it might help to explain that pedagogical radars are for educational and awareness purposes, and are not there to fine you, and in their most common appearance they are the illuminated signs that light up our speed, sometimes accompanied by a smiley face (or the opposite in some cases), in order to remind us that safer driving is a positive experience.



A simple mechanism



Its operation is relatively simple, but effective. These devices consist of a laser sensor that measures, in real time, the speed of approaching vehicles (at a distance of between 50 and 300 metres). When a vehicle approaches the radar, it detects its speed and shows on the LED screen whether it is within the established limit (in which case, it appears in green) or if it exceeds it (then using a red colour).



In addition to showing the speed at which you are traveling, these radars can be accompanied by graphic icons (such as a smiling or angry face), a sign with the maximum speed allowed in that section or some type of message that reinforces the pedagogical objective, such as “Danger”, “School Zone: maximum 30 km/h” or “Thank you”. The screens of these radars also use high-luminosity technology that is visible at any time of the day or night, and are powered by solar energy.



Where are the pedagogical radars located?



The presence of this type of speedometers on the roads contributes to reducing the average speed of vehicles and, therefore, the risk of incidents. They are always installed in urban centres (especially where the speed limit is especially low or where there is a greater influx of pedestrians), crossings, sections of road with a high incident rate and even sections under construction, and in clearly visible places, with the objective of maximizing its informative effect.



Pedagogical radars are not new and have been used for many years in different locations and have a proven success. One of the earliest pedagogical radars managed to reduce the average speed on the road by 8.72 km/h.

### Can You Cross a Solid White Line?

In general terms, crossing a solid white line in the centre of a road is prohibited. If there is a double white line and one side is broken, then vehicles on the broken side are permitted to cross to enter or exit junctions, but those on the side of the solid line are not.



However, there are some exceptions for which the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) does allow us to cross a solid white line without penalty, but even in these cases we must always respect certain conditions indicated in the General Traffic Regulations, including respecting the priority of oncoming traffic. In other words, if traffic is approaching, we still must not cross the solid white line, even in these exceptions, and must hold back until the way is clear.



Overtaking a Bicycle



Article 88 of the General Traffic Regulations establishes that you can cross a continuous line to overtake a bicycle "when due to the speed at which they are traveling, they can be overtaken without risk to them or to traffic in general."



Likewise, article 85 of the same Regulation states that "the manoeuvre must be carried out occupying part or all of the adjacent lane of the road, as long as the precise conditions exist to carry out the overtaking under the conditions provided for in this regulation; In any case, the lateral separation will not be less than 1.50 metres. It is expressly prohibited to overtake, endangering or hindering cyclists traveling in the opposite direction.



Other Reasons you May Cross a Solid White Line



When overtaking mopeds. As with cyclists, it is also permitted to overtake mopeds and cross the solid white line, always maintaining the same lateral safety distance of at least 1.5 metres.



To overtake pedestrians, animals and traction vehicles. In this case it is also necessary to leave a separation between them and the vehicle of a minimum of 1.5 metres; and if necessary, it is permitted to invade the opposite lane by exceeding the solid line.



If there is a vehicle immobilised in the lane in which you are traveling.  Another situation in which drivers are allowed to pass a solid line is if they encounter a vehicle immobilised in the lane in which they are traveling. Article 88 says that "when on a section of road in which overtaking is prohibited, a vehicle is immobilised that, in whole or in part, occupies the road in the lane in the direction of travel, unless the immobilisation is imposed due to the needs of traffic, it may be passed, although to do so it is necessary to occupy the part of the road reserved for the opposite direction, after having made sure that the manoeuvre can be carried out without danger.



To avoid obstacles.  Finally, article 89 of the General Traffic Regulations indicates that "any vehicle that encounters any obstacle in its path that forces it to occupy the space provided for the opposite direction of travel may overtake it, provided that it has been satisfied that it can do so" safely. The same precaution will be observed when the obstacle or the immobilised vehicle is on a stretch of road where overtaking is permitted.

### Oesophageal cancer is thirty times more common in patients with Barrett's oesophagus

 Oesophageal cancer is thirty times more common in patients with Barrett's Oesophagus, as warned by Dr. Pedro Bretcha, head of the Digestive System Surgery and Surgical Oncology Service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital.



Barrett's oesophagus is a little-known but potentially dangerous digestive disorder that affects the lining of the oesophagus caused by chronic gastroesophageal reflux. 



The fundamental symptom of Barrett's oesophagus is heartburn, which is colloquially known as burning. "The burning," explains Dr. Juan Antonio Casellas, head of the Digestive System and Advanced Endoscopy Service at Quirónsalud Alicante, "consists of an unpleasant, sometimes painful, burning sensation that rises and falls from the pit of the stomach to the neck behind the sternum. It is often accompanied by regurgitation of gastric contents into the mouth."



How Barrett's Oesophagus Is Diagnosed



To confirm the diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is necessary. "This test," Dr. Casellas describes, "consists of inserting a small tube through the mouth, progressing into the oesophagus and analysing if there is a change in the cells of the distal oesophagus, right at the junction with the stomach. Usually, the appearance of the oesophagus can suggest the existence of a Barrett's oesophagus during endoscopy. However, the diagnosis can only be confirmed with small tissue samples obtained through the endoscope and sent to the pathology laboratory." The test is performed under sedation and does not require any special preparation, just fasting.



If it is positive, the specialist in the Digestive System at Quirónsalud Alicante recommends repeating it regularly in order to detect possible cancer at an early and potentially curable stage.



Anti-reflux surgery at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital



 Laparoscopic surgery is highly effective for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux and definitively eliminating the use of medications that, in the long run, cause side effects. Nine out of ten patients treated with anti-reflux surgery manage to relieve their symptoms and only 15% have a recurrence after five years.



As Dr. Bretcha explains, "The surgery is performed under general anaesthesia and consists of constructing a complete or partial cuff with the stomach around the oesophagus, placing it under the diaphragm. To do this, small incisions of just a few millimetres are made to access the abdomen through the laparoscope, which is connected to a small video camera to obtain a complete view of the abdominal cavity." Among the advantages of the laparoscopic approach are the reduction of postoperative pain, brief hospital stay, minimal scarring and rapid return to work.

### Warning About Checkpoints Can Lead to Sanctions

A few years ago, the French police published a video on their social media channels, in which a police control was taking place, a checkpoint, and a motorist shared the information publicly so as to warn other of the presence of the police. However, as the story unfolds, we are shown how a child had been kidnapped, and that was the reason for the checkpoint, and although the offending driver got perilously close to being caught, and the girl rescued, because of the timely warning of the presence of the police, the kidnapper was able to avoid the area and continue the terrifying ordeal for the young victim.



The point of the video was to advise everyone, through a potential real-world situation, of one of the reasons why you should never warn anyone of a police control, and moreover, in Spain, you could land yourself in a lot of trouble if you do.



The fact is, whether it be the police or Guardia Civil, any of the security services for that matter, these checkpoints aim to focus the attention on those committing offences, and, as such, if you are doing nothing wrong, you have nothing to worry about. Moreover, for the majority of those law-abiding citizens, you will be sent on your way in the minimal amount of time.



Reporting a police check can be considered among many drivers as a sign of camaraderie and belonging to a group to avoid sanctions. But it is also possible to become an infraction for collaboration in possible crimes and even for using images and personal or professional data of authorities or members of the Security Forces and Corps, which is strictly prohibited.



Sanctions and repercussions are set to get harsher too, as the DGT is already working on ore measures to deal with the sharing of such information, which is often done through WhatsApp and similar applications.



However, action is being taken now, even before these harsher penalties. In Galicia, for example, a company which managed an application where information was shared has been sanctioned. It’s not only companies however, the individual administrator of a WhatsApp group with 15,000 members has also been sanctioned.



So, for the good of your own wallet, never warn of checkpoints, and, more importantly, for the ethic reason that these checkpoints are designed to catch out those who are doing wrong, and whereas a child kidnapping might be an unusual activity, even stopping those who have consumed alcohol or drugs makes the roads safer for all.

### Do You Know This Road Sign?

Within the catalogue of road signs there are some that seem more obvious than others, thanks in part to pictograms, but then there are others which need a lot of explaining, especially if we don’t come across them on a regular basis, or, sometimes, at all.



One such sign in the latter group is the R-3, a yellow square on its side with a think white border. Have you seen this sign in Spain? Do you know what it means?







In the General Traffic Regulations, within chapter IV, which deals with the application of signs, article 151 refers to priority signs, which are intended to inform road users of the special priority rules at junctions or areas such as lanes where the road narrows.



Specifically, the R-3 sign indicates to the drivers of vehicles traveling on one road their priority at junctions over vehicles traveling on another road. Therefore, those who want to access a road other than the one they are traveling on must give way and warn of their intention with their indicators.



When the lane with priority ends on the road, the R-4 sign will appear, the same sign but with a thick diagonal black stripe through it, which indicates the end of priority, that is, the proximity of the place where the lane being driven on loses its priority with respect to another lane.







Failing to comply with the R-3 priority lane sign implies a serious penalty that entails a fine of 200 euro and the withdrawal of 4 points from your driving licence.

### A Car Driving Licence Means You Can Drive More than Just Cars

Having a car driving licence, officially classed as a category B licence, not only allows you to drive cars in Spain, but also certain other vehicles, although some with restrictions.



A category B licence allows you to drive automobiles whose maximum authorised mass does not exceed 3,500 kg that are designed and built for the transport of no more than 8 passengers in addition to the driver.



Alternative Fuels



In addition, having held your category B licence for two years, you can also drive cars without a trailer powered by alternative fuels intended for the transport of goods with a maximum authorised mass greater than 3,500 kg but not exceeding 4,250 kg, provided that the mass exceeding 3,500 kg comes exclusively from the excess mass of the propulsion system with respect to the propulsion system of a vehicle of the same dimensions that is equipped with a conventional internal combustion engine with spark or compression ignition, and provided that the load capacity is not increased with respect to the same vehicle. That sounds more complicated than it is, but really just allows for a heavier engine or methods to drive that engine, such as batteries for an electric car.



Car and Trailer



Sets of coupled vehicles composed of a towing vehicle authorised to drive by a class B licence and a trailer whose maximum authorised mass exceeds 750 kg, provided that the maximum authorised mass of the set does not exceed 4,250 kg, without prejudice to the provisions that the type approval standards establish for these vehicles. In other simpler words, your car can tow a trailer, so long as the combined weight does not exceed 4,250 kg, or as dictated by the towing vehicle.



If the trailer exceeds 750 kg and the combined mass also exceeds 4,250 kg, it is necessary to obtain a BE category certification, which enables a passenger car to tow up to 7,000 kg, spread over 3,500 kg maximum weight for the car and 3,500 kg maximum weight for the trailer. This requires both a theoretical test and two practical tests, one of manoeuvres and the other in traffic.



Mopeds



You can also drive vehicles for which an AM licence is required, mopeds for example, and after holding your category B licence for a period of 3 years, you are automatically upgraded to be allowed to drive vehicles requiring the A1 category, which permits you to drive small motorcycles up to 125 cc and with a maximum power of 11 kW (15 hp) in Spain.



Motorbikes



With the category B licence, you are permitted to drive three-wheeled motorbikes or tricycles, provided that two of the three wheels are on the same axle, so that excludes motorbikes with sidecars. The tricycle requires specific approval and must have certain standard characteristics including a parking brake.



Microcars



All microcars and vehicles which have been approved as quads can be driven with the category B licence.

Excerpt: A category B licence in Spain allows one to drive cars and certain other vehicles such as those powered by alternative fuels and towing trailers, with specific restrictions. Holding this licence for a while enhances permissible vehicle types, including mopeds, small motorcycles up to 125cc, and tricycles. Additionally, microcars and quads are included under this licence category.

### New Cameras Watch for More than Speed

Traffic monitoring technology is improving all the time, and although there are still many of the older style systems in use in Spain, such as the large, boxed speed cameras, more modern equipment is being installed all the time. Add to that the use of helicopters and drones, as well as officers on the ground, the ability to monitor unsafe practices is getting better, greatly increasing the chance of those who choose to carry out unsafe practices getting caught.



Last summer, the DGT announced more cameras being installed, and again now as part of the shock plan, but these new cameras do not only monitor speed, but many of them also monitor mobile phone use, and seat belts, and they work in both directions, unlike their traditional relations, and the most recent acquisition monitors for lane changes and stopping.



Specifically, so far, the DGT has installed six continuous line surveillance cameras and two Stop surveillance cameras.



In both cases, the fines for not respecting the continuous line and for skipping a Stop sign are 200 euro, but the latter also entails the withdrawal of four points from the licence due to the severe risk that failing to stop poses. Remember, at a junction protected by a Stop sign, you must stop the vehicle completely, not just go slowly over the line.



As for the solid lateral white line, irrespective of where you find this marking, you must not cross it with only a few exceptions. This solid white line often appears on high traffic and risky roads to prevent dangerous overtaking but can also be present on the approach to junctions, roundabouts, and even pedestrian crossings, so it is important to watch out for the road markings, and all road signs and signals at all times.



It should also be noted that when it comes to monitoring speed, many of the new cameras work over a section of road, and so just braking as you pass the camera will not help you, and is, in fact, an offence in itself.

### You Are NOT Allowed to Wash Your Car in the Street

There are many rules that people have to be reminded of on a regular basis, and one such rule is that you are not allowed to wash your car in the street in Spain.



Of course, it is important to keep your car clean, partly because a clean car is actually more economical and runs better, and partly because if you don’t you risk a fine, because certain elements must be kept clean and clear at all times, such as the number plate, lights and windows for example, but cleaning your car must be done at a suitable location such as a car wash or petrol station with these facilities on site.



Specifically, you are not allowed to wash your car on a public road. According to article 4.2 of the General Circulation Regulations, “it is prohibited to throw, deposit or abandon objects or materials on the road that may hinder free movement, stopping or parking, make them dangerous or damage the road or its facilities”.



Interpreting the law, when washing the car liquids and other substances are deposited on the road that make the road slippery, which could prove hazardous to other road users. This, in the opinion of the DGT, justifies the consequent fine, but that fine depends on the municipality where you live, and can start from 30 to 3,000 euro. Of course, following this law, it is also not permitted to repair or carry out maintenance work on the vehicle, such as changing the oil, on public roads.



But it’s not only traffic law that you fall foul of, because there are also environmental laws which would apply. When we take our vehicle to a car wash, the water is recycled, and they have environmental policies to ensure that no damage is inflicted on the delicate local ecosystems by introducing pollutants such as soap into the local environment which can have damaging consequences. Doing so could result in an additional fine, depending on the severity of the pollution.



So, however we look at it, it is far better to take our car to an authorised car wash, and on a regular basis in order to keep it clean.

### Not Renewing the ITV Could Result in Prison

Vehicles not having a valid ITV certificate are a seemingly increasing problem on the roads of Spain. The minimum-standard safety check is mandatory, and although it can differ for the type of vehicle, there are too many vehicle owners ignoring the requirements, a matter which, according to one body responsible for the test, could have fatal consequences and could lead to prison.



According to the latest data published by the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism, in 2022 alone (the last fully accounted for) up to 34 percent of vehicles that should have been submitted for mandatory inspection did not do so. This very high absenteeism rate has increased by no less than 27.5 percent in the last 5 years, becoming a serious problem that the DGT wants to tackle.



However, if it is not enough to know that it is an infraction that can generate a fine of between €200 and €500, in the latter case if you drive with a Negative result, and the AECA-ITV, the association that operates many ITV stations in Spain, wanted to warn anyone who does not show up for inspection that they may end up in jail and with criminal consequences.



The association warns that if you are unlucky and cause a road traffic incident as a result of having the vehicle in poor condition and without having completed the mandatory inspection, you could end up committing a crime that involves a prison sentence.



The association points out that going beyond not also having insurance coverage in the event of an incident, your lack of ITV invalidating your policy, and of course the appropriate fines, “the scenario may arise in which the cause of the incident was due to some failure in the vehicle’s operation, such as tyres in poor condition or worn brakes, with its driver being aware of these defects,” then it could render the vehicle owner liable and to blame.



If the incident also results in serious or immediate danger to the life or integrity of people, even causing death or relevant injuries, “you could be facing the commission of a criminal offence that may entail deprivation of the right to drive, a fine and even a prison sentence,” said Guillermo Magaz, managing director of AECA-ITV.



According to the latest Activity Report published by the Road Safety Prosecutor's Office , in the last year analysed, which affects 2022, no less than 3,539 procedures were opened for this type of crime, typified in article 380 of the Penal Code, which makes reference to driving with manifest recklessness and endangering the life or integrity of people, which represents up to 128 percent more than the procedures that were carried out for this same reason in 2018.



Remember, in Spain, you are not allowed to drive a vehicle without a valid ITV in place, the only exception being new vehicles which have yet to reach maturity. There are no other exceptions.

### What does this red line that appears on the road mean?

In 2023, 1,145 people died on Spanish roads. Of them, 74% (849 people) did so in incidents that took place on conventional roads, that is, on roads outside towns that are not motorways.



Among all these secondary roads, one of the best known is in the south of the country, the one popularly called “the highway of fear”, a 10-kilometre stretch (between km 4 and 14) of the A-355, which connects Cártama and Marbella (Málaga), and it is on this section alone in 2023 that 10 people lost their lives, the equivalent of one fatality every kilometre.



To prevent these figures from continuing to escalate and with the aim of reducing incidents on the road, the Department of Development of the Government of Andalusia announced that it will highlight certain areas where there is a continuous white line by painting them with a thick red line on the road.







With this red line on the road, the organisation intends to “highlight the prohibition of overtaking” in the sections where it is not allowed, and which are indicated both by vertical signage and by continuous white lines painted on the road. In addition, to this measure is added the installation of “pedagogical radars and digital signs.”







This red line on the road is added to other measures adopted by the General Directorate of Traffic that aim to reduce road incidents, such as the green lines which were introduced some years ago painted on the sides of the road, and the more recent dragon's teeth or the broken lines on the roads.



Andalucia is not the only region to adopt measures where road markings emphasise the danger. Road markings like this are often tested in areas before being rolled out nationally.



Overtaking



Overtaking when there is a continuous line is prohibited according to the General Traffic Regulations and, in fact, doing so can imply a fine of 400 euro and the loss of four points from the licence, in addition to the danger and added risk that it implies. However, there are five cases in which overtaking with a solid line is allowed:




Overtaking cyclists.



Overtaking mopeds.



Overtake pedestrians, animals and animal-drawn vehicles.



Overtaking a vehicle immobilised on the road.



Overcome obstacles and other elements of the road.




In any case, to carry out these overtaking manoeuvres you must first observe your surroundings and analyse whether it is safe to proceed in each circumstance and, of course, before carrying it out, signal your intention with the indicators. If traffic is approaching from the opposite direction, it would not be safe to proceed to cross the solid white or red lines.

### More than 3 Million Euro Compensation for Woman Knocked Down on Pedestrian Crossing

The Criminal Court No. 14 of Madrid has sentenced a driver and his insurer to pay 3.3 million euro to a woman who suffered serious brain damage after being run over at a marked pedestrian crossing.



In addition, the driver deemed responsible for the incident has been sentenced to six months in prison and deprivation of the right to drive for the crime of serious reckless injuries.



This figure is the largest compensation awarded to a single victim of a traffic incident. “It is the first time that the barrier of three million euro has been overcome, therefore, this ruling will encourage future claimants to achieve fair compensation and, at the same time, will raise awareness among judges and courts to carry out compensation calculations with due diligence, with the focus is on the victims with future medical-care needs and technical aid,” says their lawyer, Manuel Castellanos.



The incident occurred in 2016 when the 32-year-old injured woman suffered a severe head injury, with multiple fractures in the pelvic area and very severe spastic quadriparesis, which made her completely dependent for the activities of daily living. The consequences have been assessed with a total of 99 points on the current legal scale of bodily harm, almost the maximum possible.



“The affected person will be able to meet the cost of the medical and care assistance that she needs for the rest of her life in a socially sufficient and reasonable amount that respects the dignity of the victim and overcomes a barrier that can benefit others affected by accidents,” explains Castellanos.



It is worth noting that in the event of a vehicle not being insured, either by the illegal choice of the vehicle owner, or through the cancellation of the policy due to other factors such as an invalid ITV, then the financial liability would fall exclusively on the individual responsible.

### N332 Concludes This Season’s Spanish Traffic Law Talks

To coincide with the celebrations of European Day, the N332 road safety group concluded this season’s series of talks and presentations, ending the run in the international school of King’s College in Murcia.




https://youtu.be/xI8YATuQyKI?si=wss5Rpfu6w_eox0H




The students learnt all about the rules of the road, with a particular focus on e-scooters and bicycles and learnt about the dangers of alcohol and drugs by experiencing what it is like to try and carry out simple tasks whilst wearing goggles which simulate the effects of the likes of cannabis, hallucinogens, alcohol, and even tiredness.



The simulator goggles had been provided to the group by Car Registrations Spain, as part of their involvement in road safety, and like all of the supporters continue to contribute to the “road to zero”.



Starting in Torrevieja, this season has taken the team to places including La Manga, Cartagena, Murcia, and Orihuela, the penultimate talk returning to home turf in Torrevieja, with the ever-popular U3A group.



Having closed this series of talks, the team will return to the road in the autumn, to coincide with European Mobility Week, and have already got talks planned for a number of schools and colleges, community groups, and other open presentations, which will be published in advance for those wishing to attend on both the Facebook page and the website, as well as in The Leader, another supporter of the cause.

### Traffic Law Still Applies in Car Parks

Although no reasonable person would expect it to be acceptable to commit an offence just because you are in a supermarket carpark for example, there are a small number of people who assume that traffic law doesn’t apply because the area is not a road and is private land.



However, as Article 1 of Spanish Traffic Law explains, any public or communal road will be subject to traffic law regardless of whether the land is public or private.



In general, the traffic laws, movement of motor vehicles and road safety matters contained both in Spanish Traffic Law and other relevant provisions elsewhere, will be applicable throughout the national territory. They will apply to owners and users of roads and public land suitable for traffic circulation, both urban and interurban, as well as those roads and land that are in common use and in the absence of other rules, to those of private roads and land that are used by an indeterminate community of users.



What are "Commonly used roads and land"?



Commonly used roads and land refers to places open to the free movement of vehicles. The roads on which these vehicles circulate will be subject to the Road Safety Law. Vehicles must have passed the ITV (technical inspection), have current insurance and drivers will be required to be in possession of a driving licence corresponding to the category of vehicle being driven. Many drivers and occupants make the mistake of thinking that when driving on rural roads which are neither asphalted nor signposted as such, road safety regulations do not apply and are often punished for not using a seatbelt or talking on a mobile phone.



When talking about private roads and land, what do you mean when you talk about being used by an indeterminate community of users?



An "indeterminate community of users", means that not only the owner has access, but that other users can also have access.



A clear example would be a supermarket such as Carrefour; The owner of the car park is Carrefour, which in turn has it open for its customers, thus turning the car park into private land used by an indeterminate community of users. (Public use would be when anyone can have access). Another example would be the car park of a community of neighbours, where each neighbour has a garage. (Common use is when only owners have access.)



Carrefour, during business hours has its barriers open. A customer enters the parking area and as it is an undetermined community of people who similarly use the parking area, the rules that govern are the general ones. Therefore, the way to proceed is the same as in a public area.



Carrefour closes the car park barriers at 22:00, from that moment, there is a strictly private use of it, so from that moment the owner of parking area, anyone authorised, or security guards will not be governed by traffic law.



What this section tells us is that it does not matter in which area you drive, or whether there are road or a path markings, as long as it is a zone of common use, you must comply with traffic regulations relating to both movement (Title I) such as requirements of lights Chapter X of title II), as well as be in possession of a driving licence corresponding to the vehicle in which you drive.

Excerpt: Spanish Traffic Law applies to all public and communal roads, whether on public or private land. This includes areas commonly used by an indeterminate community of users, such as supermarket carparks. Here, traffic regulations governing vehicle movement, safety, and driver qualifications, including vehicle inspections and valid insurance, are mandatory. Violations, such as not wearing a seatbelt, are punishable, even on rural or unmarked roads. The law pertains to all areas of common use, enforcing the same standards as in publicly accessible spaces.

### Urban Mobility Survey Reveals Safety Equipment Use

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) published an observational study on the use of safety equipment by vulnerable road users when they travel around the city by bicycle, personal mobility vehicle (VMP), moped or motorcycle.



The work has been carried out in all provincial capitals during the past year and 32,872 observations have been made of users of these types of vehicles.



Based on the results obtained, the DGT's Road Safety Observatory has carried out an analysis of the correlations between the use of different safety equipment and various observed variables, such as: vehicle ownership (private/shared/rental), the reason for the trip (individual, distribution), the thermal sensation or the lighting, among others. Furthermore, these data have been complemented with the figures for the use of protective devices by vulnerable users who are victims of incidents (from the ONSV accident records), in all cases in which they are available in situations similar to those of the observational study.



Bicycle Users



7,718 bicycle users have been observed, of which 6,784 were drivers and 934 passengers.



Regarding the use of helmets by the cyclists observed, less than half (41.4%) of bicycle drivers used this safety device while riding in cities. It must be remembered that its use is mandatory in the city for those under 16 years of age and recommended for those over 16. In the case of passengers, the use of helmets barely exceeded ten percent (10.5%).



Professional drivers exceeded the average in their use, reaching 56.9%, while "sharing" or rental bicycle drivers were below the average, with 26.8%.



In 2022, incident data revealed that helmet use among victims exceeded the observed average, with 69% of those killed and 62% of those seriously injured wearing a helmet at the time of the incident.



Cyclists show a low adoption of the use of reflective vests, an important garment to improve their visibility on public roads. Only 22% of cyclists used them during the night sections, being more common among men (23.6%) than among women (13.5%). Furthermore, its use is more frequent on weekends (25.2%) compared to weekdays (19.3%). Likewise, it is more prevalent among users of pedal-assisted (electric) bicycles (45.7%) than among users of conventional bicycles (19.9%).



As with helmets, it is professional users (37.6%) and drivers of sharing or rental bicycles (32.9%) who have higher than average usage rates.



In this context, incident data reveal that the use of reflective vests among victims was notably lower than the general average observed. For various categories of victims and during the years 2016 to 2022, the highest figure of use of the reflective vest reached only 9%.



With regard to the bicycle's own lighting at night, it is the users of pedal-assisted (electric) bicycles, whether as professional or private drivers, who make greater use of bicycle lighting than private cyclists with their own bikes.



Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP)



Regarding the VMP users analysed, the study was carried out on 5,146 users, of which 4,838 were drivers and 308 passengers included in the observation, despite the fact that traffic regulations expressly establish that they are single-person-use vehicles and therefore circulation is prohibited if more than one person is on said vehicle.



The behaviour of these users in relation to the use of helmets, reflective vests and lighting during nighttime periods does not show major differences with respect to the practice carried out by bicycle users.



At a general level, it is observed that 49% of all VMP users used helmets, with a significant difference between drivers (49.3%) and passengers (16.3%). Likewise, a greater use of helmets is observed among female drivers (53.2%) compared to male drivers (47.7%).



Its use is significant if the age of the users is taken into account. Drivers over 16 years of age show greater helmet use (51.2%) compared to drivers under 16 years of age (24.6%). The lower perception of risk among younger people can lead them to experience more intense sensations and not be aware of the consequences that certain attitudes they adopt may have.



As with bicycle users, professional drivers use helmets more often (73.4%), compared to the average. However, incident data for 2022 reveal that its use among victims was lower than the observed average, with 20% of deaths and 38% of seriously injured people carrying it.



Regarding the use of the reflective vest, 21.9% of the observed users used a reflective vest during the nighttime sections. As with the helmet, drivers over 16 years of age show greater use of reflective vests (22.4%) compared to drivers under 16 years of age (12.8%). Likewise, professional drivers use it more (39.1%) compared to the observed average.



These data contrast with incident data which reveal that the use of reflective vests among victims was notably lower than the observed average, that is, very few fatalities or seriously injured victims were wearing reflective vests at the time of the incident. This disparity between incident incidence and reflective vest use suggests possible underutilisation of this safety equipment among VMP users.



In relation to the use of lighting in the nighttime sections, 72.2% of the observed users used lighting, with greater use by drivers over 16 years of age (74.7%) compared to those under 16 years of age. 16 years old (36.1%) and among professional drivers (84.6%), whose use is higher than average.



It must be remembered that, as of January 22, 2023, the VMPs that are marketed must be certified, which means that they must meet a series of specific technical requirements included in the manual of characteristics of personal mobility vehicles, published by the DGT. In this manual there is a section dedicated exclusively to the lighting of both VMPs intended for the transport of people and goods or other services.



Motorcycles



In the case of motorcycle and moped users, 20,008 users were observed, of which 16,178 were drivers and 3,830 passengers.



Almost all drivers (99.11%) and a smaller percentage of passengers (61.36%) used helmets. Among drivers, no notable differences were detected in helmet use according to the other variables, remaining consistently above 94% in all observed categories.



According to records of incidents on urban roads between 2013 and 2021, it was observed that between 84% and 93% of motorcycle fatalities were wearing a helmet at the time of the incident.



The use of gloves shows variability within the observed sample, being more common among men (58.8%) than among women (49.1%). In addition, significant differences were observed depending on the ambient temperature. In cold conditions (less than 10ºC), 85.2% of users wore gloves, while in hot conditions (more than 30ºC) this percentage decreased to 49.2%. For its part, incident data in urban areas between 2014 and 2021 revealed that between 33% and 45% of deceased motorcycle drivers were wearing gloves at the time of the incident.



Regarding lighting during night sections, almost all of the users observed (95.59%) had them on.

Excerpt: The Dirección General de Tráfico conducted a comprehensive observational study on safety equipment use among cyclists, VMP users, and motorcyclists in all provincial capitals, involving 32,872 observations. Key findings highlight significant gaps in safety practices, especially in helmet and reflective vest usage among different user groups and vehicle types. For instance, less than half of cyclists and about half of VMP users wore helmets, with professional users generally showing higher compliance. Night lighting use was notably better among electric bicycle users and professional VMP users. Moreover, motorcyclists showed the highest compliance with helmet usage, almost universally.

### Transporting Dangerous Goods

Driving a vehicle transporting dangerous goods requires a special permit which ensures that drivers of those vehicles have undergone sufficient training to handle their load, and how to deal with situations should they occur.



It is also useful for other drivers to be aware of the type of load being transported, in case of an emergency.



The origin of the term ADR comes from the first letter of some key words in the French title: Accord Européen relatif au Transport International des Marchandises Dangereuses par Route. For this reason, these authorisations are colloquially called “ADR permits.”



The European Agreement on the international transport of dangerous goods by road (ADR) has its origins in the Second World War, in Geneva in 1957, under the United Nations.



Dangerous goods are those materials and objects whose transport by road is prohibited or authorised exclusively under the conditions established in the European ADR Agreement or in other specific provisions and which require a specific permit to transport them.



Dangerous goods, regardless of the means of transport, are organised into different classes depending on the danger that their transport may pose. There are 9 general classes and 13 specific classes:



Class 1: Dangerous materials and objects







Explosive materials: solid or liquid or mixture of materials that, by chemical reaction, can release gases at a temperature, pressure and speed such that they can cause damage to their environment.



Pyrotechnic materials: materials or mixtures intended to produce a heating, luminous, sound, gaseous or smoke effect or a combination of such effects as a consequence of self-sustained exothermic or detonating chemical reactions.



Explosive objects: containing one or more explosive materials and/or pyrotechnic materials.



Materials or objects not mentioned above manufactured for the purpose of producing a practical effect by explosion or for pyrotechnic purposes.



Class 2: Gases







Gas is understood as a matter that at 50º C has a pressure greater than 3 bar or at 20º C at normal pressure is in a gaseous state.



It includes pure gases or mixtures of gases and objects containing such materials in their various forms of treatment for handling (tablets, liquefied, dissolved, refrigerated), aerosol generators.



Ex. Butane, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.



Class 3: Flammable liquids







They are liquids that, due to the effect of heat or a flame, can burn their vapours.



This class also includes solid materials in a molten state whose flash point is greater than 60º C and transported while hot at a temperature equal to or greater than its flash point.



E.g. Petrol, diesel, alcohol, paints, solvents, etc.



Class 4







Class 4.1: Solid flammable materials, self-reactive materials and solid desensitised explosive materials:



Materials capable of being ignited by the effect of a spark, rubbing, self-reactive or explosive materials with explosive properties neutralised (by water, alcohol, plasticiser, etc.).



Ex. Waste rubber, phosphorus, cellulose, etc.



Class 4.2: Materials that can undergo spontaneous inflammation:



They are materials that can spontaneously burn in contact with air in a short period of time (pyrophoric) and others require long periods and a large amount of matter to ignite (materials susceptible to self-heating).



Eg Powdered charcoal, unstabilised fish meal, wet cotton, white phosphorus, etc.



Class 4.3: Materials that give off flammable gases when in contact with water:



Various types of materials that release flammable gases when they come into contact with water.



Ex: Barium, sodium, potassium, etc.



Class 5







Class 5.1: Oxidizing materials:



They are materials that react by releasing oxygen and cause or promote the combustion of other materials and the objects that contain them, without necessarily being combustible themselves.



Eg. Nitrates, hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide) with more than 60% oxygen, etc.



Class 5.2: Organic peroxide materials:



They are materials that have the property of being oxidizing, combustible and also very unstable (they decompose easily at room temperature) so they are usually transported with temperature regulation.



E.g. Benzolium peroxide, butolyum peroxide, etc.



Class 6







Class 6.1: Toxic Materials:



It includes materials that in small quantities can harm human health or cause death through inhalation, skin absorption or ingestion.



Eg. Cyanide, various pesticides, etc.



Class 6.2: Infectious materials:



They are materials that have pathogenic agents that cause diseases in animals or humans.



Ex. Clinical waste.



Class 7: Radioactive materials







They are materials that give off radiation or particles capable of causing damage to cells.



For example, uranium, plutonium, nuclear radiation emitters, etc.



Class 8: Corrosive materials







They are materials that, due to a chemical reaction, damage the skin and mucous membranes when they come into contact with them or that can cause damage to other merchandise, means of transport or cause other dangers.



Ex. Sulfuric acid, nitric acid, acid electrolyte accumulators, etc.



Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances and objects







All materials and objects that, during transport, pose a different danger than that contemplated by the other classes are included.



For example, asbestos, castor flour, self-inflating rescue devices, lithium batteries, first aid kits, materials hazardous to the environment, etc.

Excerpt: Transporting dangerous goods requires a special ADR permit, ensuring drivers are trained in handling emergencies and specific hazardous materials. Originating from a European agreement in 1957, these regulations classify dangerous goods into nine general and thirteen specific classes, covering various risks like explosives, flammable materials, toxic substances, and radioactive items, among others. Each class outlines specific handling and storage guidelines to ensure safety during transport.

### The new vehicles you will be able to drive with the B licence in Spain

The European Parliament has approved a measure that will allow car licence holders to drive motorhomes and electrically powered cars weighing up to 4,250 kg, once a two-year qualifying period has passed.



Currently, the category B driving licence, in other words a car licence, is the most popular permit among Spanish drivers. This category allows us, as a general rule, to drive conventional passenger cars, mopeds, and some motorcycles, and certain other vehicles with certain characteristics are also included.



In general terms, the category B licence currently allows the holder to drive automobiles whose maximum authorised mass does not exceed 3,500 kg that are designed and built for the transport of no more than 8 passengers in addition to the driver.



However, the number of vehicles that can be driven with this licence is expected to increase when the regulations approved by the European Parliament come into force.



The proposal of this parliamentary institution allows vehicles weighing up to 4,250 kg to be driven with a B licence, as long as they are motorhomes or electric cars. This is because the weight of batteries is increasing and is causing complications for regulations, especially in electrically powered cars.







Two years seniority



To solve the problem, on March 1, 2023, the European Commission published a legislative proposal that sought to change the regulations and expand the weight limit for the future. Now, a year later, the rule has been approved by the European Parliament and is waiting to come into force. However, in order to be able to drive these heavy vehicles you must have had a licence for two years.



“By increasing the maximum mass of most Category B zero-emission vehicles, the proposal will facilitate the adoption of such vehicles, thus contributing to the objectives of the European Climate Law and the zero-pollution ambition of the European Green Deal to have an environment free of harmful pollution by 2050,” the Commission explains.



Additionally, the weight increase for motorhomes will apply regardless of the propulsion system you have. That is, the category B driving licence will now also allow you to drive motorhomes with diesel or petrol engines, with a maximum weight of 4.25 tons.



What other vehicles can be driven?



In addition to the recently added ones, the B licence allows you to ride motorised tricycles and quadricycles, as well as mopeds. Driving 125 cubic centimetre motorcycles is also included as long as the licence has been valid for three years and a special course that has not yet come into force has been passed.

Excerpt: The European Parliament has approved new regulations allowing category B licence holders to drive motorhomes and electric cars weighing up to 4,250 kg, after a two-year qualifying period. This change, aimed at accommodating heavier electric vehicles and supporting the European Green Deal's zero-emission goals, also applies to motorhomes driven by traditional fuels. The rule awaits implementation following its recent approval.

### Traffic Operation “May 1 - 2024”

From Tuesday 30 April, a special traffic operation will take place on the roads of Spain in connection with the holidays on 1 and 2 May, and the overall advice is to avoid traveling during unfavourable and very unfavourable hours. The circulation forecasts for the days on which this Operation " May 1 - 2024" will take place will be the following:



Tuesday April 30, 2024



In the early afternoon there will be significant vehicle movements due to the beginning of the festive period, which will cause high intensities and traffic jams in the EXIT direction of the large urban centres, and also on the main access roads to the coastal tourist areas, second homes and mountain areas for camping, these becoming more pronounced as the afternoon progresses and in the late afternoon-evening they are placed in the destination areas.



On this day, during the afternoon and evening, traffic planning and regulation measures will be installed to facilitate the exit of vehicles from large urban centres.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 3:00 p.m. to midnight.



Wednesday, May 1, 2024



From the early hours of the morning, intense traffic will continue in the EXIT direction at the entrances to the Community of Madrid with high traffic intensities and traffic jams, until late in the morning they will be placed in the destination areas.



During the morning, traffic management and regulation measures will be installed to encourage vehicles to leave large urban centres.



These long-distance movements will be joined by local short-distance movements because it is a national holiday, on coastal and mountain access roads, as well as destinations in recreation and leisure areas close to urban centres, producing the RETURN of the festive period of “May 1st” in the late afternoon in all the Autonomous Communities except in the Community of Madrid, causing traffic problems on the main communication routes that channel all return movement to these Communities.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.



Thursday May 2, 2024



In the morning, the usual entry/exit movements to large urban centres will take place as it is a working day in all the Autonomous Communities, except in the Community of Madrid, which celebrates its regional holiday on this day.



For this reason, on roads in Madrid and its area of ​​influence, short-distance journeys will originate to recreation and leisure areas close to the urban centres of this Community, with their return occurring in the late afternoon, as well as that of the who enjoyed the holidays in the Community of Madrid and its area of ​​influence.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 6:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.



Friday, May 3, 2024



The usual entry/exit movements to large urban centres will take place throughout the day as it is a working day.



In the afternoon, movements will be observed in the outward direction, mainly towards the coastal and second home areas at the beginning of the weekend.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 6:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.



Saturday May 4, 2024



Traffic problems may occur in the morning at destinations, due to short-distance local movements and especially in accesses to coastal towns and coastal roads.



Sunday, May 5, 2024



In the early hours of the afternoon, the RETURN of this Traffic Operation will begin in the Central area of ​​“May 1 – 2024”, both for those who enjoyed the entire festive period, and in all the Communities for those who took advantage of the end of week, with traffic problems occurring on the main communication routes that channel the entire return movement, with the general interest network, and motorways standing out for their intensity, and later in the afternoon-night, these problems are transferred to the accesses. of large urban centres. On this day, in the Communities of Andalusia, Valencian Community, Castilla-La Mancha, Extremadura, Madrid and Murcia, during the afternoon and evening, traffic planning and regulation measures will be installed to encourage the entry of vehicles into large urban centres.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 11 a.m. to midnight.

### Are Golf Buggies Allowed on the Road in Spain?

In the form which most golf buggies take, their design and designation is that of a vehicle to be used on the golf course, for example, moving from hole to hole. Because of this, that are not normally considered road-ready, or road-legal, and are for the exclusive use on the course.



In simple terms, most golf buggies are not authorised for use on the roads of Spain.



The reason for this is that all vehicles are constructed for the purpose they are intended to serve, and for that purpose to be on the road, they must satisfy rigorous minimum safety requirements.



All cars which are sold for using on the road, for example, have undergone a rigorous testing protocol, and are scored based on factors such as the potential damage caused in a crash. That scoring system determines if they can be used on the road or not. Most golf buggies do undergo this type of test because they are not intended for road use.



There are, however, some makes and models of golf buggies which have undergone this process. As part of that certification protocol, they must also therefore be fitted with several standard features, in addition to satisfying crash testing, such as lights, rearview mirrors, seat belts, to name but a few, and these elements must be either factory fitted, or approved by the vehicle manufacturer.



In other words, you cannot just go to a local bazaar and buy a bathroom mirror and Sellotape that to the frame. These elements must also have been approved.



Moreover, once the vehicle satisfies those standards, it must undergo ITV certification in Spain, and have an ITV card issued. You can theoretically do this for any golf buggy, but only if it satisfies the minimum standards and is certifiable and has all of the elements mentioned.



Assuming your golf buggy does satisfy those standards mentioned (and more), it still doesn’t mean it cam be used on the road, because as a vehicle, it must also be registered. That then means it must display a number plate (in most cases of the few that would qualify it is likely to be comparable to a moped, or microcar, and so a yellow number plate would be the norm).



The vehicle also requires insurance, like all vehicles on the road, and the driver must hold an appropriate licence (AM being the minimum, although a B car licence automatically qualifies that). Driving without a licence is a criminal offence.



Only if or when a golf buggy has gone through the testing and registration process, and is registered and displaying the number plate, and if the vehicle is insured and the driver has the appropriate licence, can the golf buggy be considered road-legal and allowed to drive on the road. There are other requirements for driving once you reach this point.



And, to clarify another point, in golf courses which operate behind gates or in enclosed areas, the same rules apply if the area is open to the public, and so golf buggies which are not licenced and registered are also not even permitted on these roads within the enclosed golf complex in that case.

### N332 Issue 27 - April 2024

Hello, it´s Mark Nolan here again introducing the latest edition of the N332 magazine.



The N332 team, me included, have been out and about meeting lots of people again, this time talking about Road Trip to Spain, a new guide providing an insight into driving in Spain.



Introduction



So, firstly, thanks to everyone who came along in Torrevieja, Orihuela, Los Montesinos, Cartagena, and La Manga. We have a couple more talks before we end this season for the summer, including a trip to Murcia to talk to school pupils about e-scooters.



Anyway, enough about us. In this edition, we have our sections from our partners, Coys Rent a Car, Ibex Insurance, The Leader, and Quironsalud, with lots of information spanning through topics like alcohol, maintenance, radars, and more, and that special feature looking at proposed changes to lane laws which will benefit motorbikes and emergency vehicles.



Remember, we have a huge catalogue of articles on the website, n332.es, which has been recently upgraded by the way to make it easier to navigate, and faster, and you can pick up The Leader every Monday, not forgetting the information on the Facebook page.



If you have any questions you can always email news@n332.es, and whereas we can´t guarantee we will reply to all questions because of the volume we receive, we will try and create future articles around your doubts to answer as many questions as we can for the benefit of all.



Finally, at the bottom of the website, you can join our mailing list, and we promise we don´t bombard you, but you will be the first to find out about new developments we are working on like the N332 Podcast, and more videos later in the year.



For now, stay safe, and see you out and about.



Mark



Read the Latest N332 Magazine Here







Read on Mobile







The Next Edition



The next edition will be out at the end of May, and we will have features on the likes of golf buggies, dangerous goods, car parks, the ITV, solid white lines, and much more.



To be amongst the first to read it, you can sign up for the newsletter at the bottom of the website. 



See you next time and stay safe out there.

### New Package of Measures to Reduce Road Traffic Incidents

The Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, has presented a package of measures with which the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) aims to reduce the number of traffic incidents and the fatal consequences.



Grande-Marlaska explained the measures adopted at an information event held at the DGT headquarters, in which he was accompanied by the undersecretary of the ministry, Susana Crisóstomo; the general director of Traffic, Pere Navarro and the general chief of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, Tomás García.



In the first quarter of the year, 261 people died on interurban roads, 36 more people than in the same period of the previous year, an increase of 16 percent in statistics in which the normal variation in road incidents fluctuates by more /minus 5 percent. The injured hospitalised as a result of the incidents have been 908, one more than in the same period in 2023.



"We cannot remain impassive, it is imperative to break this upward trend in road mortality," explained Grande-Marlaska, "and that is why I asked the General Directorate of Traffic to analyse the incidents to identify what had happened during the first three months of the year and, based on that diagnosis, develop a shock plan with concrete measures to be executed immediately”.



X-ray of the incident



Before exposing the measures, the Minister of the Interior has pointed out the most significant characteristics of the incident rate in this first quarter:




Greater lethality of incidents. The number of deaths has increased more than the number of hospitalised injuries.



Deaths on motorways have increased by 50% compared to the same period last year, while on conventional roads the increase has been 5%.



According to preliminary reports from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, there have been more serious incidents involving alcohol and inappropriate speed.



The number of deaths traveling by car and motorcycle has increased by 23 percent. The greatest increase in fatal motorcyclists occurred on motorways. Commercial vehicles, especially trucks, have also increased their participation in mortality.



All types of incidents, except victims being knocked down, have suffered increases. Road departures and collisions continue to be the most frequent. In the case of conventional roads, frontal collisions do not vary compared to the same period of the previous year, but lateral and frontolateral collisions do, which have increased.



The number of people killed on a weekday increases by 29 percent while on the weekend the increase is only 1 percent. In the case of motorcycles, the highest incident rate was recorded on the weekend (+43%), while during the week the increase was 4%.



By age, almost all of the increase in deaths occurred between 45 and 54 years of age (from 40 to 61 deaths).




This increase in incidents must be put in the current context, which is characterised by an increase in mobility and a general situation of worsening road safety that is shared at the European level and which is causing significant increases in road mortality in countries like Ireland, where deaths increased by 29 percent in the first quarter of this year, or in France, where the increase was 13 percent.



The new measures



The measures announced today by the Minister of the Interior are the following:



1) Increased automated speed monitoring



95 new fixed speed control points will be installed on the roads, of which 60 percent will be sectional.



2) Net increase in the Traffic Group workforce



By the end of the year, 150 new agents will have joined the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, which will increase its effective presence and the visibility of its motorists on the road.



3) Greater surveillance on motorways



In those communities where the increase in deaths has occurred on high-capacity roads (Andalusia and the Valencian Community) will be increased to reach 50 percent (until now it was 30 compared to 70 percent on conventional roads), the surveillance of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil on these roads to increase their visibility and reach the largest possible number of users. In the rest of the communities, surveillance services will adapt to the incident rate that occurs on their roads.



Static patrols with high visibility, dynamic patrols and the use of unmarked commercial vehicles are some of the surveillance modes. Likewise, the services of the Traffic Group will be directed to the sections and times of day that have recently been identified as most dangerous.



In addition, throughout the road network, actions will be increased through the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) network: increased information through variable information panels, greater surveillance through cameras in areas with greater impact, greater monitoring of the most affected roads by the Traffic Management Centres (CGT), as well as greater air control through the Air Media Unit (UMA).



4) Increased alcohol and drug controls



The preventive blood alcohol tests to be carried out on the roads will be increased by 400,000 to reach six million by the end of this year. Likewise, drug controls are increased by 20,000 to reach 120,000 carried out in December 2024.



5) Reinforcement of motorcyclist safety



Control and surveillance campaigns aimed at motorcyclists will be intensified on weekends between June and October, months in which the presence of this group is more frequent.



Use of camouflaged motorcycles in those sectors of the autonomous communities with the greatest presence of motorcyclists (Andalusia, Valencia, Galicia, Castilla y León, the Balearic Islands and the Canary Islands). The use of these vehicles will be prioritised at the times and roads with the highest incident rate.



Information and prevention campaign aimed at motorcyclists through the publication and distribution of a leaflet and a brochure on road safety. In addition, awareness messages about this group and its vulnerability will be increased through social networks, variable message panels and any other available means.



6) Intensification of surveillance on professional transportation



Surveillance of professional and van transport will be increased, especially on weekdays. Likewise, more alcohol and drug tests will be carried out on professional drivers.



7) Promotion of territorial actions



In each of the autonomous communities, various actions will be applied to improve road safety. This includes a specific analysis of the incident rate in collaboration with the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil and the road owners, the updating of service orders in all Sectors of the Group based on the general director's surveillance framework instruction Traffic and collaboration with road owners to identify sections where user safety can be improved through infrastructure measures.



8) Information, awareness and promotion of preventive culture



Concrete actions will be implemented to address the incident rate and promote awareness of this problem. These measures include the public presentation of this shock plan, the strengthening of communications through press releases, social networks and its own media. Variable messaging panels will be used intensively to disseminate road safety awareness messages, especially adapted to the specific characteristics of the road or section in question and the incident rate present in said area.

### Europe Approves Standardised Disabled Parking Permit

MEPs on Wednesday gave the green light to the EU Disability Card and the European Parking Card for people with disabilities.



The new rules, approved by 613 votes in favour, 7 against and 11 abstentions and already agreed by Parliament and the Council, create an EU-wide disability card to ensure that people with disabilities have equal access to preferential conditions, such as reduced or no entry fees, priority access and access to reserved parking.



Both cards will give their holders, as well as their companions and support animals, access to most of the same conditions as national cardholders. The new rules will only apply to short-term stays and disability card holders moving to another Member State for a mobility programme, such as Erasmus+.



European Disability Card



The European Disability Card will be issued in physical format and, when available, in digital format, and will be free (including its renewal). Countries will decide whether to collect it in case of loss or deterioration.



European Parking Card for people with disabilities



The European Parking Card for people with disabilities will be issued in physical format. Countries may charge for the administrative costs of issuing and renewing the card.



Access to information



The Directive requires EU countries and the Commission to publicise the cards, in particular by creating a centralised European website. This website will be linked to national websites, with information on how to obtain, use and renew the cards and information on preferential conditions.



Third country nationals in the EU



The House also gave its approval to the provisional agreement between Parliament and the Council on the extension of EU disability and parking cards to third-country nationals legally residing in the EU, by 607 votes in favour, 8 votes against. against and 17 abstentions.



This proposal allows both cards to be issued to third-country nationals legally residing in Member States, including asylum seekers and stateless persons, and to their personal assistants, regardless of their nationality.



Since Brexit, the UK is a third country, and so this agreement from Europe improves the availability for British nationals living legally in the EU but does not extend to those who are not residents. UK-issued disabled parking permits are still not recognised as per the choice made by the UK Government.



Speaker's statement



Lucia Iuriš Nicholsonová (Renew, Slovakia) said: 'The EU must advocate for equal rights for people with disabilities within the EU. I am particularly proud that the cards now cover stays of more than three months so that people with disabilities have access to it when studying abroad. The importance of the European Disability Card goes beyond simply facilitating travel; demonstrates the EU's commitment to guaranteeing free movement for all Europeans.



Next steps



The agreed text will also have to be formally adopted by the Council before its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union and its entry into force.



With the adoption of these proposals, Parliament responds to citizens' expectations regarding the fight against discrimination, equality and quality of life and inclusive labour markets, as expressed in proposals 29 and 14 of the conclusions of the Conference on the Future of Europe.

### Road Safety Day in La Manga

Members of N332 joined in with a Road Safety Day organised by Cartagena Local Police at the La Manga Club golfing resort.



The packed day of experiences began with introductions of the representatives from the likes of the fire service, Guardia Civil, and Cartagena town hall from the president, Andrew Millard, followed by a welcome from Manuel Asensio, Chief of Police in Cartagena.



For N332’s part, much of the talk surrounded one of the biggest problems what residents and visitors experience at the resort, in the form of small electric vehicles, but on this occasion we are not referring to e-scooters, but rather golf buggies.



Many of the owners and visitors were unaware of the rules regarding golf buggies, which renders the majority of them effectively illegal in the manner in which they are used. As a topic not widely featured by N332, the team will provide an overview next week, so if you are a golf buggy user, you probably don’t want to miss that if you want to stay on the right side of the law and avoid being fined.



As part of the N332 talk, a Local Police officer from Cartagena, Victor, highlighted the risks and dangers of consuming alcohol or drugs before driving, in an exercise that showed through experience how the ability to focus and function is diminished, by getting some of the attendees to don special goggles which mimic the effects of alcohol or drug use.



Before a tour of the facilities, the dangers and risks were further highlighted by an exhibition from the Cartagena fire service about how they extract a victim from a vehicle, in this case demonstrating the effects of a relatively slow-speed frontal collision, and although the rescue experts managed to extract the victim in around 20 minutes, in so many cases these situations can be so easily avoided.

Excerpt: N332 participated in a Road Safety Day at La Manga Club, focusing on the misuse of golf buggies, a prevalent issue at the resort. Many users are unaware of the legalities, risking fines. The event also emphasised the dangers of impaired driving, with demonstrations by local police and the fire service showing real risks and rescue operations. Further insights on golf buggy regulations will be provided by N332 soon.

### Proposed Changes to Lane Legislation to Benefit Emergency Vehicles and Motorbikes

The DGT is already planning various modifications to the General Traffic Regulations and a new rule will affect all drivers, for the first time, it specifies how all vehicles must act to make way for priority vehicles. Until now, the practice used in Spain has been a courtesy, rather than law.



Other proposed changes will be of benefit to motorbikes and will change how we drive in snow and rain, although, for now, these are proposals, and not yet legislation.



Proposed Changes to Lane Legislation



The DGT will take an important step forward in the coming months in the traffic rules on the use of lanes and the hard shoulder in special conditions. In some cases, to resolve safety problems, in others to improve the performance of emergency services and even to respond to old demands from specific groups, the reality being that the General Traffic Regulations, Reglamento General de Circulación (RGC), will perhaps experience its biggest changes in a long time.



The project to modify a series of articles of the RGC is already being planned in the DGT, as the organisation itself has explained through its own official magazine, called Tráfico y Seguridad Vial. In an article it also specifies exactly that, with the aim of obtaining greater safety and fluidity in circulation, a new Royal Decree will include these new modifications with the intention of them coming directly into force next year, 2025.



Motorbikes Will Be Allowed to Use the Hard Shoulder (Sometimes)



One of the most notable changes proposed will be the possibility for motorcycles to ride on the righthand hard shoulders on all types of roads, but only during conditions of traffic congestion and as long as two conditions are met: that they do not go more than 30 km/h and that they respect the priority of use of vehicles that are obliged to use the shoulder, such as mopeds and microcars (technically the same thing). To do this, article 36.3 of the RGC will be modified.



At the moment, motorbikes must remain on the main carriageway and continue with the normal flow of traffic. Some vehicles, such as mopeds, as we have mentioned, are obliged to use the hard shoulder.







Prohibition of Using the Overtaking Lane in Adverse Weather



Another important novelty will be to add a new point to article 31.2 of the General Traffic Regulations, which will prohibit overtaking by all vehicles on motorways when ice or snow complicates traffic. All vehicles will be required to exclusively use the righthand lane, leaving the lefthand lane, the overtaking lane, free for the exclusive use of emergency vehicles and snow ploughs.



The Emergency Corridor Will be Mandatory



Another significant change will be that the utilisation of a so-called emergency corridor will become mandatory, rather than the current advisory, or courtesy state.



The DGT is already announcing a new modification of article 31.3 of the General Traffic Regulations to regulate the behaviour that all drivers must adopt on motorways in emergency situations and when the cars are completely stopped or traveling very slowly, mainly due to a retention or incident.



Until now, the regulations established that priority must always be given to priority vehicles in emergency services, but without specifying the behaviour of the rest of the drivers, in other words, the law gives emergency vehicles priority now, but doesn’t explain how that priority is put into practice. This new modification of the RGC will specify exactly how they have to act from now on by law.



Thus, the “corridor” must be opened to the emergency services, as the DGT will regulate.



The DGT will thus establish that drivers must move to the sides, with those in the right lane going to the right and those in the left logically to their left, in such a way that they leave a central corridor of free access to allow the passage of emergency vehicles.







“The objective of this modification is precisely to explain in a clear way how drivers should behave in these circumstances to facilitate the work of the emergency services and expedite their access to the victims of an incident ,” explains Ana Blanco, the deputy director of DGT circulation.

Excerpt: Spain's DGT plans to change traffic laws, explaining how drivers must give way to emergency vehicles, an act previously based on courtesy. Motorbikes may use hard shoulders during congestion under certain conditions. New rules will prohibit overtaking in adverse weather, mandating all traffic to use the righthand lane. Creating an emergency corridor for service vehicles will be obligatory. These changes, aimed at improving safety, are set to be enacted in 2025.

### Reckless Driver Caught by Social Media Post

The Guardia Civil has managed to locate and investigate the driver of a vehicle that was traveling carrying out dangerous manoeuvres on a public road open to traffic in which other vehicles were circulating and with the presence of pedestrians on nearby pavements.



The investigation began after viewing some videos published on social networks in which this type of behaviour was observed.



In the images you can see how on several occasions the driver of a car crosses paths with other vehicles and circulates very close to the groups of people who were gathered in the area. On one occasion, a pedestrian stepped onto the road, passing the car almost touching it.



These events took place on two different and consecutive days in the “Parque Tecnológico del Reciclado López Soriano” industrial estate, located in the Cartuja Baja neighbourhood of Zaragoza.



In the analysis of the images, the agents observed that the driver carried out manoeuvres commonly known in the jargon of fans of motor vehicle competitions as “drifting” (oversteering of the rear part of the car, keeping its front part as static as possible), and “donuts” (continuous skids due to oversteering of the rear part of the car, keeping its front part as static as possible), all with the presence of several people in the surroundings and vehicles on the road.



As a result of the investigation, it was possible to obtain the identity of the driver, a 30-year-old man, who has been located and investigated in the province of Barcelona, ​​charging him with two alleged crimes against road safety for reckless driving.



Given the risk to road safety that this type of illegal conduct represents, the units of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil maintain constant control and surveillance over them, with the aim of ensuring that these do not occur and avoid risks for road users.

Excerpt: The Guardia Civil identified a driver performing dangerous "drifting" and "donuts" on public roads amidst traffic and pedestrians in Zaragoza. Videos on social media initiated the investigation, leading to charges against the 30-year-old man for reckless driving and endangering road safety. The Guardia Civil monitors such behavior to prevent risks.

### Quirónsalud Elche and Quirónsalud Gran Alacant strengthen their services with the incorporation of a new team specialised in advanced ophthalmology

The new unit will be led by Dr. Cristian Fernández, a leader in cataract treatment with premium lens implants



Quironsalud Elche and Quirónsalud Gran Alacant strengthen their Ophthalmology service with the incorporation of a new team of ophthalmologists led by Dr. Cristian Fernández, in their commitment to offer comprehensive, quality and cutting-edge care for the visual health care of their patients.



Dr. Cristian Fernández, a leader in the province of Alicante in the treatment of ocular pathologies, has more than sixteen years of experience during which he has participated in fifteen medical research projects and is the author of more than 25 publications in books and scientific journals. Dr. Fernández is highly specialised in the surgical approach to cataracts with premium lens implantation and astigmatism, in addition to having extensive experience in the medical and surgical treatment of retinal and vitreous diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy, epiretinal membrane or retinal detachment.  among others.



 Dr. Itziar Coloma, a leader in ocular plastic surgery and tear ducts; Dr. Alfredo Marchena, an expert in the medical and surgical treatment of glaucoma; and Dr. Ainhoa Fernández, a specialist in paediatric ophthalmology, strabismus, and treatment of amblyopia (lazy eye), complete the new team with which they intend to continue improving the quality of care provided to all their patients.



Technology and experience in the treatment of eye pathology



The Ophthalmology service of Quirónsalud Elche and Quirónsalud Gran Alacant aims to provide all the most effective and advanced medical care and surgical treatments for visual health care. Equipped with the latest technology for the diagnosis and treatment of multiple eye pathologies, it incorporates important innovations such as the implantation of multifocal and extended-range lenses in cataract surgery, laser therapy for glaucoma, micropulsed laser treatment for the retina, state-of-the-art laser surgery for myopia and astigmatism,  and novel vision therapy for children and adults.



Quirónsalud in the Valencian Community and the Region of Murcia



Quirónsalud has ten centres in the Valencian Community and the Region of Murcia, forming a network at the forefront of private medicine where people are the epicentre.



Quirónsalud is at the forefront of private healthcare in the Valencian Community and Murcia in terms of technological endowment, as well as comfort and benefits for both the patient and the professionals who provide their services in its centres.

### How Long Does it take to Receive a Traffic Fine Through the Post?

If you commit a traffic offence, it is quite possible you will be stopped on the road and issued with a fine straight away, which foreign licence holders a likely to have to pay on the spot, but in the case of Spanish licence holders, there is a payment period where you can benefit for a discount for prompt payment. However, not all fines are issued on the road, and many are issued remotely, and so the question is, how long does it take to receive a traffic fine through the post?



It Depends!



The simple answer to the question is, “it depends”! This is due largely to the fact that the different bodies that issue and manage fines have different procedures.



If, for example, it is a speeding fine directly managed by the DGT through the Electrónica Vial, it can take approximately one to two weeks.



On the other hand, if it is a fine within the competencies of a local council, it may take longer, even a month.



Therefore, there is no standardised and stipulated time for a fine to arrive at your home. Everything will depend on the body that manages it.



Notifications



That said, one thing must be clear: although there is no specific time for a fine to arrive at your home, there is a period after which violations become annulled.



Specifically, infractions classified as minor (less than 100 euro) expire after three months, while those classified as serious do so after six months.



After this time, if you do not receive notification of the fine within that period, you will not have to pay it, since the penalty will have expired, as established by the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety. Likewise, if the notification arrives within the deadline, but you do not agree, you can also appeal the fine. A warning though, appealing a fine will cancel out the prompt payment reduction offer.



You cannot, however, simply ignore the notification in the post, as a notification is still considered delivered even if you do not receive it, as you will see below.



Ways of notifying of traffic fines



It can be a notification on the spot, if an agent imposes the sanction on you at the same moment in which you have committed it. For example, if you exceed the alcohol level in a control.



They can also communicate it to you by postal mail. If they have not been able to notify you of the sanction immediately, you will receive the notification at your home (by registered post). If the communication does not reach any address or is rejected, the notification is published on the Edictal Board of Sanctions (TESTRA) and on the Single Edictal Board of the BOE (TEU).



Other ways to notify fines are through the Electronic Road Administration (DEV), through this DGT platform, which takes about 10 days, and the MiDGT application, after a few weeks.

Excerpt: The time to get a remote fine isn't standardised; it depends on the issuing authority. Minor fines expire after three months, serious after six. You must address a notification even if not received, by appealing or paying, as ignoring it won't prevent penalty enforcement. Notifications are done via post, digital platforms, or officially published if undeliverable.

### The Guardia Civil arrests three people for illegal street race

The Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil arrested three people for participating in an illegal race which went viral on social networks.



The events occurred on January 21 at around 1:45 a.m., between kilometres 17 to 11 of the M-45 motorway within the municipality of Madrid.



The images show two vehicles traveling in parallel, at high speed, in what is supposedly a race. Meanwhile, a third person drives another car parallel to them, blocking the road and from where he records the video that later went viral on social networks.



Among other objectives, these illegal races have the purpose of participating in illegal bets between the participants. This driving has posed a serious danger to the lives of these people and other road users, which is why the Madrid Traffic Sector have charged these three people with the crime of reckless driving.



The three detainees are men between the ages of 24 and 26, residents of the provinces of Toledo and Madrid, who have police records for various acts.

Excerpt: The Guardia Civil arrested three men after a video of their illegal race on the M-45 in Madrid went viral. On January 21, they recklessly drove parallel at high speeds, with one blocking traffic to film. Aged 24-26, from Toledo and Madrid, they had past police records and now face reckless driving charges.

### How to Check Your Driving Licence Points Online

The penalty points system in Spain was introduced in July, 2016, not only to penalise poor driving, but also to award those who drive safer.



The system is the opposite to that of the UK, in so much as if you commit an offence you will be given points on your licence, in Spain you are given an allocation which are then taken away in the event of committing an infraction. Lose all your points and the licence is withdrawn.



If you have a Spanish driving licence you can check how many points you have via their secure website.



If you visit the traffic department´s official website, www.dgt.es, you will find all of the information you need, but the majority of it is only available in Spanish. You need to access the electronic office, so look for “Accede a la sede Electrónica”. This can be (mostly) changed to English once you get there.



Look for “Permisos de Conducir” in Spanish, then “Permiso por puntos”. Then, “Consulta de puntos”.



You will now have all of the information about checking your points and how to access the system. You can check your current points balance as long as your permit is valid. You will be able to obtain information about your history of recovery and loss of your points, detailing the date and the points penalised or earned, clarifying the possible types of infractions in which you incurred or the awareness courses you took.



Remember that your driving license has a number of points associated with it. As violations are committed, points are subtracted from your license until they reach zero. At that time, the loss of validity will be processed. You will have a period of 10 days to present allegations. If you finally receive firm notification of the loss of validity, you will have to hand in the permit at any Headquarters or Traffic Office, and you will not be able to drive from then on.



Since October 1, 2023, it is possible to check the driving licence point balance by phone, which replaced the previous access by username and password. The MiDGT app is becoming the reference for all driving administrative functions.

### Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja expands space dedicated to Health Premium Card patients with an exclusive heated terrace

The Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital expands the space of its Premium Lounge with the aim of offering a more personalised, preferential, and exclusive treatment to international patients of its Health Premium Card.



The new Premium Terrace is a large and bright glazed space with all the maximum amenities and comfort to enjoy a quiet environment while patients are in the hospital. This new space, fully air-conditioned to preserve its temperature in winter and summer, has an area for coffee, drinks, and healthy snacks, as well as a rest area designed for relaxation and rest during waits. This space also has a coworking area equipped with Wi-Fi, plugs and furniture for work and enjoyment with electronic devices in comfort.



Advantages of the Health Premium Card



Users of the Health Premium Card have a personal health advisor, priority access for medical appointments, a plan adapted to achieve personalised health goals that includes a check-up to know the initial condition of the patient, as well as an exclusive Premium Lounge within the hospital where they can carry out all the procedures related to their health.



In addition, the Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital provides you with a team of free interpretation and translation of English, German, French, Dutch, Flemish, Norwegian, Swedish, and Russian, among other languages, trained in the medical terminology and cultural approaches of international patients.



Among the benefits of Health Premium Card users are:




An initial check-up.



Priority access to appointments.



Three free-choice consultations with specialists.



Six ambulance transfers.



Fourteen nursing cures at home.



Free dental cleaning.



Tests for the detection of major diseases.



10% discount on private treatments.




Quirónsalud Torrevieja, an international reference hospital on the Costa Blanca



Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja is an international hospital of excellence, with a team of highly qualified professionals and state-of-the-art technology. It offers a multitude of medical specialties, making it a prestigious multidisciplinary centre both in the field of oncology and in the rest of the medical and surgical specialties. It is the private hospital with the most cutting-edge technology in the Valencian Community. In its more than twenty years of experience, more than 400 people work daily to care for its patients. Due to its location, located in the city of Torrevieja, it is a benchmark for health tourism and for foreign citizens looking for their new residence on the Costa Blanca.



International Admission



The hospital has its own international admissions department, whose sole task is to process authorisations with national and international companies. All authorisation formalities are carried out on a daily basis with national and international insurance companies directly and immediately. The patient does not have to worry about these procedures, this department is exclusively in charge.



International Inpatient Ward



The hospital has an international inpatient ward created to ensure the maximum convenience, comfort, and well-being of the international patient. The patient feels at home throughout the stay and does not perceive the cultural differences that may arise with their idiosyncrasies. All rooms are single and spacious to ensure the comfort of the patient and companion.  The healthcare staff is fluent in multiple languages and attends to the international patient as fluently as possible.



Do you want to know more about this space? Watch this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8HTljgfP74




https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U8HTljgfP74




More information about the Health Premium Card Service  through its website: www.healthpremiumcard.com

### It´s Spring - Check your Screen Wash Levels

It is spring once again, and as the seasons change, so do driving dynamics, and one thing that is often neglected until we realise that its empty is our screen wash reservoir.



Spring Means More Insects



One thing that spring brings is more insects, and, sadly, many of them face a very short life, taken out by unexpected collisions with vehicles, but that too poses a risk for those vehicles as visibility is often hampered by the remains of their short, though hopefully meaningful lives, as they are laid to rest on our windscreens.



Therefore, to remove all traces of their being from our windscreen, it is important to remember to keep your screen wash topped up.



Some of the bugs might need to be removed manually, as they can be stubborn and streak across the windscreen.



Find the Screen Wash Tank



It ought to be one of your (at least) monthly rituals, when you check your lights, oil, and tyres as well as other parts, making sure that your vehicle is maintained in a safe and roadworthy manner.



Although the engine compartment is not an area many of us are familiar with, nor do many of us want to be, there are certain areas that are a must for every driver. Luckily, most vehicle manufacturers make the bits we need both easily accessible and easy to identify, so that we don’t have to “fiddle” with anything unnecessary.



Check with your vehicle manual for the location of your screen wash tank, although it is often identified by a standard symbol, and the cap is often a different colour to it stands out, and then keep a check on the levels, topping them up as needed, but at least once a month, as we say.



Check it Works!



Once you know that the levels are okay, and with approved liquids only in there (hint: washing up liquid doesn’t work as well as you might think), you then need to use it. Find out the different setting on your vehicle so that you know how to use the screen wash feature. Some vehicles also have them on the rear, so check that out too. Then use the wash to keep your windscreen clear of any obstructions.



It is also worth remembering that if you use your screen wash when the vehicle is moving then the trajectory of the spray may differ to that of a standing vehicle. It is also worth keeping two other points in mind if the vehicle is moving too, such as if you spray too much, it may obscure your vision, which could be dangerous. Also, the spray may go too high and even over your vehicle, spraying whatever is behind you. Okay, that might mean the car behind gets a free windscreen wash, but for a two-wheeled vehicle that could result in dangerous conditions.



Keep the Windows (and other areas) Clean



That said, the screen wash is there for a purpose, because our windscreen must always be kept clean, so use it. Remember to keep all windows clean and clear, as well as lights, mirrors and the number plates, as these form essential functions on the vehicle, and some of which are mandatory requirements to do so.

Excerpt: As spring brings more insects, they can obscure drivers' visibility by hitting windshields. It's crucial to keep screen wash reservoirs filled and use it regularly to maintain visibility. Check your vehicle's manual for specifics, ensure you're using the correct cleaning fluids, and also clean other essential parts of the vehicle, like windows, lights, and mirrors, to ensure safe driving conditions.

### Spain Beats EU Toll Demand by Offering More Sustainable Transport Options

The general director of Road Transport, Roser Obrer, has confirmed to the various associations present in the National Road Transport Committee (CNTC) that the Spanish Government definitively rules out imposing tolls for the use of Spanish motorways, as requested by Brussels. A measure that worried not only self-employed professional drivers and small freight or passenger transport companies, but also the thousands of commercial agents and other self-employed workers who use their vehicle as a work tool.



In Spain there are currently 12,035 kilometres of high-speed roads, of which only 1,514 are toll roads, after 550 kilometres have become pay-per-use free in 2021, due to the end of the initial period of this concession. Roser Obrer has committed to the representatives of the transporters to shortly present a draft Royal Decree in which, among other things, this rejection of pricing roads and motorways is made clear.



A tax that road professionals popularly call “Eurovignette”, in reference to the sticker that the driver purchases and sticks on the windshield and that works as a flat rate, and that the European Union has been promoting for the road network for years. First, with a rate based on the time of use, and then through a toll based on the distance travelled.



The Government will encourage the transport of goods by rail



This Spanish refusal, which had already been agreed with the European Commission – which required it as part of the sustainable mobility commitments – has been able to be maintained in exchange for the use of trains in transporting goods in the country, a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to road transport. Otherwise, Brussels threatened to delay the second phase of the Spanish Recovery Plan to mobilise all of the Next Generation European funds between now and 2026 (between transfers and loans up to 25.6 billion euro in 2024, up to 44.6 billion in 2025 and up to 44.3 billion in 2026).



The new agreement between Spain and Brussels includes the replacement of tolls with other solutions to try to reduce polluting emissions from road transport. Which commits us to the introduction of measures to promote the transfer of goods by rail. With three new features: the first is the obligation to implement a railway highway development program, “in those corridors where it is viable and there is a business interest for its development”; The second is the assumption of the commitment to “approve a bonus in railway charges for freight traffic for a minimum period of five years”; and, finally, that our country "develops a support program for rail freight transport, with incentive measures for the modal change from the road and with a concrete plan to modernise the sector."



The draft Royal Decree, which will be submitted to public consultation in the coming days, will expressly establish the non-application of tolls for circulation on motorways and other roads that are part of the General State Network, with the logical exception of the private motorways subject to concession regime, in other words, toll roads that already exists and are under a long-term management concept. Establishing the criteria for setting the maximum toll to be charged by private motorway concessionaires, and for which vehicle emissions must be taken into account of the price as a novelty.

Excerpt: Roser Obrer has assured transport associations that the Spanish Government will not impose tolls on motorways. This follows a commitment with Brussels to boost rail transport as an environmentally friendly alternative, keeping Spain's recovery funds on track. Plans include a rail freight incentives program, non-application of new tolls, and modernising the transport sector. The specifics will be outlined in an upcoming Royal Decree draft.

### Cycle Race to Close Roads This Weekend

The I Challenge de Alicante cycling race will take place this weekend taking to the roads of the Vega Baja, a competition organised by the Benferri Cycling Club, which will result in roads being temporarily closed to allow the safe passage of the cyclists.



This cycling tour is made up of three stages and represents an attractive objective with terrain for all types of specialists due to its diversity of stages and the required technical and fitness level.



Saturday 6 April 2024



The test will open on Saturday morning, with the reception and presentation of teams, sponsors and authorities between eight and nine in the morning.



After collecting the numbers, the start will take place at 10:00 a.m., with the first stage with a circular route that starts and ends at the San Fulgencio sports centre, passing through Ciudad Quesada in three laps of 20 kilometres each.



In the afternoon, the second stage is characterised by a time trial in Benferri, 8 kilometres on a mainly flat route, classic in this town, which includes the climb to Alto del Pino and its subsequent descent.



Sunday 7 April 2024



On Sunday, the final and decisive stage is a demanding route that starts from Benferri, crossing La Matanza, Orihuela, Hurchillo, and several key points before returning to Benferri.



The route, with a total of 84 kilometres, will depart from Benferri, La Matanza, Orihuela, Hurchillo, Pantano de La Pedrera, Torremendo, descent through the Cuesta del Perro, San Miguel de Salinas through the centre of the town, climb to the Rebate, descent through 'los pirones', Torremendo, La Pedrera Reservoir, Fuente Don Juan, Hurchillo, Orihuela, La Matanza and Benferri.



Always Heed the Instructions of Those Directing Traffic



The cyclists will be accompanied by Guardia Civil motorcyclists and other support vehicles, and it is important to heed the warnings and instructions of those directing traffic.



If a motorbike or vehicle  is displaying a red flag, it means the road is closed to traffic and you must not pass. Yellow flags indicate that extreme caution must be exercised, and a green flag indicates that the road is open once again.



You must always heed the instructions and warnings of those directing traffic who overrule all other traffic signs and signals as per the priority of road signs.

Excerpt: The I Challenge de Alicante cycling race, comprising three stages, commences on April 6, 2024, in Vega Baja. Organised by Benferri Cycling Club, the event features diverse terrains suitable for all cyclist specialties. Temporary road closures will be in place for safety. Participants will tackle a 60 km loop, an 8 km time trial, and a final 84 km route through key locations. Obedience to traffic directors and associated flag signals is mandatory for road safety during the race.

### Can I wear a Bluetooth headset when driving?

The short answer is NO, you can’t.



In Spain, it is illegal to wear any form of headset when driving, which includes headphones, or “buds”, and also Bluetooth devices commonly used to connect to mobile phones.



This rule applies to all vehicle drivers, including bicycle and scooter riders, as well as drivers of motorised vehicles.



The only exception, a recent change, is that certain approved devices can be used for communicating on motorcycles.



The reason why headphones and headsets are banned in Spain when driving is that the driver must be fully aware of their surroundings at all times, and not distracted.



Being aware of your surroundings includes the utilisation of all senses, and the ability to hear is no less important than the ability to see. This is the same reason why playing music too loud when driving is also an offence.



There is an exception for hearing aids provided and approved for medical reasons, a matter which will be reflected on your driving licence in the codes section.

### Fixed Radar Cameras

We have been talking about speed detectors used on the road by the Guardia Civil, but there is also a network of fixed cameras around the country, which remain in place the whole time.



The locations of these cameras are published on the DGT website, and are provided in mapping devices, because these cameras are installed in areas known to be problematic in terms of the numbers of incidents which occur on the roads they cover. In other words, the presence of these cameras is not primarily to fine drivers, but rather to encourage safer driving on an otherwise potentially dangerous road.



Although it takes on different aesthetic forms, from small white boxes to larger containers on poles, the functionality remaining the same, one of the most recent additions to the arsenal in called Traffic Eye.



Traffic Eye is manufactured by Tradesegur, and was the first to be released in Spain, and is an intelligent camera and as well as monitoring speed, it is capable of spotting if a driver is using a mobile and if everyone is wearing a seat belt. Now, more providers are able to supply similar equipment which are working well for traffic law enforcement groups around the world.



The system is live across the entire road network of Spain, with hundreds of these intelligent eyes keeping a check on every vehicle that passes.



Traffic Eye and its cousin MultiRadar C, offer the most advanced technologies that are currently available for monitoring traffic, which not only check and report speeding motorists, but also other safety critical traffic violations such as not wearing a seat belt, children and animals not properly restrained, using a mobile phone or electrical device whilst driving, and checking with the established databases to see if your vehicle is correctly insured.



One of the surprising functions of Traffic Eye is that it is capable of monitoring traffic in multiple lanes, and, the bit which surprises many motorists, in both directions at the same time. This means that unlike the traditional roadside cameras, your activities can be monitored irrespective of the camera’s position.

### Vehicle Headlight Theft Gang Dismantled

The Guardia Civil arrested 6 people belonging to a criminal organisation dedicated to the theft and distribution of headlights and vehicle lighting replacement parts.



The Operation



In the operation, vehicle lighting material worth more than 300,000 euro was recovered. In addition, mobile phone terminals and various computer equipment have been seized.



The operation began at the end of 2022, when those responsible for a multinational company dedicated to the manufacture and distribution of headlights and lighting equipment in the automotive sector located in the town of Martos (Jaén), reported to the Guardia Civil that they were the victim of merchandise thefts.



Continuing with the investigations, the agents were able to confirm that an employee of the factory who carried out handling and transportation tasks inside the facilities, took advantage of the transfers to make unnecessary stops on his journeys, in which, apparently, he stole part of the cargo it carried.



For this reason, a surveillance and monitoring device was established, managing, resulting in the identification of two employees who were caught red-handed when they were transferring four pallets of headlights to a truck rented by them, and so they were arrested on the spot.



Modus Operandi



As a result of these arrests, the investigators were able to determine the way the criminal plot operated, identifying others involved in the organisation responsible for the administration of a spare parts company in the automotive lighting sector located in the province of Barcelona.



Likewise, the agents located the person in charge who acquired the product for the Barcelona company, who maintained direct and fluid contact with the head of the organisation who was the employee of the Martos factory. To acquire the material that interested him, which was normally daily, he would let him know the type of headlights, brands, and models that he wanted.



Next, the members of the organisation planned the loading of the trucks, taking into account the most opportune work shifts to proceed with the theft of the merchandise, usually choosing shifts with fewer workers.



Once the merchandise was stolen, it was usually stored in a warehouse or isolated plot, owned by one of the members of the organisation, until the loading capacity of a heavy vehicle was completed, in order to transport it to its final destination.



When the criminal group had accumulated enough material, the person in charge of the Barcelona company travelled to the town of Martos, with a rental truck or van-type vehicle, to transport the stolen merchandise to its offices in Barcelona.



To make payments for orders, it has been verified that the money was sent from Barcelona to Martos, hidden inside a defective headlight or casing, transferring up to €10,000, in €50 bills. In this way, they pretended to return the order because it was defective.



Since a company was in charge of transporting and distributing the stolen effects, they were given the appearance of legitimacy, even going so far as to falsify commercial documents (certificates) of a Martos company related to the injured multinational.



The Operation Conclusion



The detainees would have obtained great benefits from the theft, transportation, and distribution of merchandise.



For this reason, at the end of February of this year, Guardia Civil agents travelled to the province of Barcelona, ​​where they proceeded to carry out several entries and searches in the company located in that province.



The detainees are charged with the alleged crimes of Continued Theft, Membership in a Criminal Organisation and Document Falsification.



The operation has been carried out by the Jaén Guardia Civil Command.



Gallery of Images

### Phase Two of the Easter Traffic Operation Underway

Although the roads in many places are already busier than usual due to the Easter holidays, things are set to get even busier as we head towards the Easter weekend.



Here, we have the breakdown on the busiest times in certain areas for each day. If you are travelling long distance, you should plan your journey in advance and then monitor the situation before you set off, avoiding the busiest times of possible.



If you are travelling locally, the situation will still be busier than normal, and many of the drivers will not be as used to the road system as you are, so, again, allow more time for your journey, and be patient and considerate.



Here is the traffic forecast for the roads of Spain for each day of the Easter holiday period:



Listen to this Update







Wednesday 27 March 2024



On this day, in all the Communities except Catalonia and the Valencian Community, the 2nd PHASE of the Special Operation HOLY WEEK - 2024 begins, the most important in terms of volume and vehicle movements along the entire road network, and which from at noon will cause traffic problems and traffic jams at the exits and entrances of large urban centres, both in the interior of the peninsula and those located on the periphery and coast, these becoming more accentuated as the afternoon progresses, until late in the afternoon and night when vehicles arrive in the destination areas.



Throughout the afternoon and evening, traffic planning and regulation measures will be installed on the high-intensity roads to ease the flow of vehicles leaving large urban centres.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 1 p.m. to midnight.



Thursday 28 March 2024



In the Autonomous Communities mentioned the previous day, the outbound exodus will continue from the early hours of the morning with high traffic intensities that will cause traffic jams at the entrances to large urban centres.



On this day, traffic planning and regulation measures will be installed throughout the morning to ease the flow of vehicles leaving large urban centres.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m.



Friday 29 March 2024



In Catalonia and the Valencian Community, vehicle movements out of large cities will continue in the morning, in the same way as the previous afternoon, which will cause high traffic intensities with traffic jams.



In the rest of the Communities, during the morning of this holiday there will be traffic intensities in the EXIT direction of the large urban centres on short-distance routes to leisure and recreation areas close to urban centres.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.



In the afternoon, and throughout the national geography, there will be movements of short-distance and local vehicles towards those towns where religious demonstrations are held.



Saturday 30 March 2024



Traffic problems may occur in the morning at destinations, due to short-distance local movements and especially in accesses to coastal towns and coastal roads.



In the afternoon, motivated by those who advance their return home on Saturday, long-distance return movements can be observed, with high intensity on some road axes.



Sunday 31 March 2024



On this day, the first RETURN of Operation “Holy Week - 2024” begins, with circulation problems and traffic jams expected in the destination places or areas due to the start of the return starting mid-morning, until early in the afternoon traffic problems begin on the main communication routes that channel the entire return movement of Holy Week, with the general network, motorways, as well as the roads that access coastal and coastal areas, standing out for their intensity until late in the afternoon when these problems are transferred to the accesses of large urban centres until late at night.



On this day, traffic planning and regulation measures will be installed throughout the day to encourage the passage of vehicles flowing into large urban centres.



The Autonomous Communities affected on this day by the return are: Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Canary Islands, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid and Murcia.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 11 a.m. to midnight.



Monday 1 April 2024



On this day the RETURN begins in the Autonomous Communities in which this Monday is a holiday: Cantabria, Catalonia, Valencian Community, Balearic Islands, Navarra, Basque Country and La Rioja, with circulation problems on the main road axes of these Communities, as well as on the access roads of the provinces bordering them, with the return of vehicles occurring in a period similar to that of the previous day in the rest of the Autonomous Communities.



In these Communities, traffic planning and regulation measures will be installed throughout the day to encourage the entry of vehicles into large urban centres.



In the rest of the Autonomous Communities there will also be return movements, motivated mainly by the beginning, the next day, of school and university activities.



The unfavourable hours for this day will be from 11 a.m. to midnight.



At midnight on Monday night, the Special Operation HOLY WEEK – 2024 will end.



Official Websites for Travel Information




For live traffic reports, visit the DGT traffic map



For weather warnings, consult AEMET



DGT Twitter account



AEMET weather related road information



Aemet Twitter account



For flight information, check the AENA airport operator's website




REMEMBER: “Avoid traveling during unfavourable and very unfavourable hours”

Excerpt: Due to Easter holidays, there's an increase in traffic volume with expected congestion during specific "unfavourable hours" throughout the week. You should prepare by planning ahead and avoiding peak times. Traffic planning measures will be implemented to alleviate jams, especially at urban exits and returns. Check official websites for live updates on traffic, weather, and flights. Remember to avoid the busiest hours.

### 3 Million Euro Taxi Scammer Caught

Officers from the National Police arrested a person in the province of Tarragona allegedly responsible for a scam involving the sale of VTC licences for private hire vehicle registration.



He posed as an intermediary, managing to raise more than 150,000 euro in Barcelona and 3 million euro in the Community of Madrid, for which he is charged with the crimes of continued fraud, document falsification, and for usurpation of marital status.



The main suspect, through companies, sold VTC licences in Madrid and in the metropolitan area of ​​Barcelona to interested people who, subsequently, did not receive the licences nor did he return their money, since the same real licence was sold several times to different people.



The detainee had managed, by usurping the real identity of the licence holder, to change it in the name of the new buyer - who was the victim - and who would have paid amounts exceeding 50,000 euro. Some of these victims had even bought the vehicle with which they would carry out this work as a VTC, for which they financed the payment, so these events left them in a precarious situation.



The investigation made it possible to determine that it was not the first time that the detainee had committed similar acts, as he had been active since at least 2021.



In recent months, given that in the Community of Madrid he was already known for allegedly committing these scams with which he defrauded more than three million euro, he moved to Barcelona where, continuing with the same "modus operandi", he allegedly defrauded more than 150,000 euro.



After his identification and location, he was arrested by agents in the province of Tarragona.

Excerpt: National Police arrested an individual in Tarragona for a scam selling VTC licences, swindling over €150,000 in Barcelona and 3 million in Madrid. Charged with fraud, document forgery, and identity theft, he sold the same license multiple times. The investigation revealed a history of similar crimes since 2021.

### What in the blood alcohol level in Spain?

The blood alcohol level represents the volume of alcohol in the blood and is measured in grams of alcohol per litre of blood (g/l) or its equivalent in exhaled air.



According to current legislation, the blood alcohol levels allowed for drivers in Spain are the following: 0,5 g/l for general drivers, 0,3 g/l for professional drivers.



Even below the legal limit, the risk of incident may already be increased. Therefore, it is best to avoid driving after consuming any amount of alcohol. The only truly safe rate is 0.0 g/l.



The blood alcohol level you reach after consuming alcohol can vary greatly. Therefore, even if you think you know your limits, it is really easy for alcohol to surprise you. It is always best not to drink alcohol at all if you are going to drive.



After ingestion, alcohol is absorbed in the digestive system, approximately 20-25% in the stomach and most in the small intestine, from where it passes into the blood, reaching the highest concentration after 30 - 90 minutes. The absorption rate can be modified by:                                         




Food: the presence of elements in the stomach delays absorption.



The type of drink: both distilled drinks and mixtures with carbonated drinks are absorbed faster.



The elapsed time: at the beginning of the intake, it is absorbed faster.



The degree of habituation or tolerance. Chronic heavy drinkers absorb alcohol more quickly than abstainers.




After absorption, the blood distributes the alcohol throughout the body. We call the amount of alcohol present in the blood the blood alcohol level, the higher the level of alcohol in the blood, the greater the effects on driving.



After absorption, most of the alcohol (90-98%) is metabolized in the liver at a constant rate and another part is eliminated unmetabolized through urine, sweat and exhaled air.



It is the determination of alcohol in exhaled air that is used in breathalyser controls, taking advantage of the fact that there is a constant 2001/1 relationship between the level of alcohol in the blood and the level in exhaled air. The measurement is carried out using a device called an alcohol meter, making the method bloodless, comfortably, and reliably.



In expelled air, the limits are 0,25 mg/l for general drivers, 0,15 mg/l for professionals. Again, the only safe limit is zero.



Another way to know the blood alcohol level is by determining the level of alcohol in the blood, a test that is used in those cases in which the interested party says they cannot perform the test in air due to suffering from an illness that prevents them from blowing, or in injured persons, or in those cases in which the interested party requests a contrast test, the extraction will be carried out in a health centre.

### Vehicle Cloning Gang Arrested

The Guardia Civil, within the framework of the PIMA-KRADSTI operation, arrested four people and investigated a fifth as alleged perpetrators of the crimes of motor vehicle theft, document falsification and membership in a criminal organisation, to whom they attribute the continued theft of medium to high-end cars, for their subsequent counterfeiting and illegal introduction into Spain.



The operation began a year ago, when the first signs led the Guardia Civil agents to the trail of a criminal group based in different parts of the provinces of Alicante and Valencia. The investigators found out that it was a perfectly structured organisation, with a well-defined criminal methodology.



Later, they corroborated that, after stealing the vehicles, they made modifications to the chassis and falsified the number plates, passing them off as another vehicle of the same make and model. To do this, they used information on damaged vehicles or vehicles in circulation, both in Spain and in other countries. They opted for medium-high range vehicles that were popular for sale, which made it easier for them to market them, obtaining quick and high profits.



On March 6, the operation was carried out, carrying out six searches, two of them in the industrial warehouses in which the chassis and license plates were handled, located in Benissa and Jávea. The other four were carried out at the homes of the alleged perpetrators, in Denia, Jávea, Teulada and Gandia.



As a result of the operation, the Guardia Civil has arrested four men and investigated another. All of them are between 19 and 50 years old and are charged with the crimes of motor vehicle theft, document falsification and membership in a criminal organisation.



They used cutting-edge tools



In addition, 13 vehicles that had been stolen in different locations in the provinces of Alicante, Madrid and Valencia have been recovered.



As for the other effects intervened, it should be noted that, to carry out the criminal activity, the gang used advanced technological machinery and tools for opening and cloning vehicle keys and control units, and frequency sensors and inhibitors. The die-cutting machines used to manipulate the chassis and the machinery for manufacturing number plates, among other effects, have also been seized.



The investigation has been developed jointly between the Guardia Civil, as well as the Police of Bulgaria, Sweden, Poland and EUROPOL. For the searches, we have had the collaboration of the USECIC of Torrevieja and the different Territorial Units of the Company of Calpe. 



The proceedings have been made available to the Investigating Court number 2 of Denia (Alicante).



Gallery

Excerpt: The Guardia Civil arrested four and investigated another person as part of operation PIMA-KRADSTI for car theft, document forgery, and criminal organisation membership. They specialised in stealing, counterfeiting, and illegally selling medium to high-end vehicles. After a year-long investigation, multiple searches in Alicante and Valencia resulted in recovery of stolen vehicles and high-tech tools used for the crimes. International cooperation aided the operation, with legal proceedings forwarded to the Denia court.

### Guardia Civil Motorcyclists to get Airbag Vests

The company Fecsa has been awarded a 2.5-million-euro contract to provide airbag vests for the traffic officers of the Guardia Civil for wearing on motorbike patrols.



The company has been contracted to provide 4,661 airbag vests, which automatically inflate in a fraction of a second after detecting a fall or impact, providing instant cushioned protection to the abdomen and the vital organs, as well as the hips and stabilises the spine.



The Ministry of the Interior had two specific demands in the contract, firstly that the device had autonomous activation, without wiring, and that it is lightweight so as not to be a burden for the rider.



Fecsa already provide officers with safety items, having won a contract a year ago to provide bulletproof vests, in a contract worth 1.5 million, and included specific requirements for providing correctly fitting vests for female officers.



Fecsa is a Spanish company, founded in 1934, located in San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, and provides military-grade equipment and benefits from the help of European funding.

### Police Investigating Stairway Driver

A video posted on social media showed how a driver took their car on an unusual route, driving down the stairs of the Plaza del Quarters de Valls, in Tarragona.



The images were recorded during the night of Saturday 16 March, which is now being investigated by the Local Police.



The main hypothesis is that the event could have been caused by a GPS calculation error and poor practice by the vehicle driver.



After going down the stairs, the car changed direction and drove away as if nothing had happened, although the recorded video shows how it damaged the bottom of the car.



It should be noted that GPS information is advisory and does not take away the responsibility of the driver to monitor and act on the real-life conditions, from monitoring road signs and restrictions, for example, to ensuring that the route is both suitable and safe.

Excerpt: A driver, potentially misguided by GPS, drove their car down stairs in Tarragona's Plaza del Quarters on the night of March 16, as captured on video. Despite damage to the vehicle's underside, the car departed the scene. Local Police are investigating, reminding that GPS is only advisory and drivers must ensure safe routing.

### Instagram Speeder Reported

The Guardia Civil has investigated a driver who was recorded traveling at 247 kilometres per hour on the A-7 in El Ejido, Almería.



The investigation began after a complaint was sent to the Guardia Civil collaboration email, 'colabora@guardiacivil.org', in which a screenshot of a video published on an Instagram profile was attached.



In the analysis and study of the images provided, the investigators managed to identify that the events had occurred on the A-7 motorway, near the La Redonda industrial estate, in El Ejido, as well as identifying the make and model of the vehicle involved, which was a high-power car.



The investigation resulted in the identification and location of the driver of the vehicle, of Spanish nationality and resident in a municipality in western Almería, and who is accused of allegedly committing a crime against road safety.

### How Drivers Make a Living from Speeding Motorists

There has been a significant increase in new mobile radars mounted on cars patrolling in France. Whereas that news might not seem unusual, the clue to the peculiarity is in the phrase, “mounted on cars patrolling in France”, because these detection devices are not mounted on police patrol vehicles, nor are the police even involved, but rather they are on private vehicles the owners of which are making money by capturing speeding drivers.



The concept is not new however, in France, hundreds of drivers have been working in this way for years with exceptional results from the point of view of the police, because as the French authorities recognise, it is easier for them to go unnoticed, which allows them to detect violations easily.



To facilitate the private capturers, the French traffic department has hired four companies that are in charge of selecting the appropriate drivers for this task, since logically not just anyone will do. They must be good drivers who have a minimum of 10 driving licence points out of a maximum of 12, which is what is allowed in the country.



These types of drivers must spend all day patrolling the roads, or at least for as many hours as possible, since they do not charge per penalty, which would be illegal, but rather per kilometre travelled in this patrol work. In this case, drivers bill around 1,500 euro per month for a job that for the most part just requires them to drive and keep moving.



In Spain the mechanism is not exactly like that, but the truth is that as demonstrated by what happened in the town of Cazalegas, Toledo, there are individuals and companies that make a living from it.



In this case, it is not the DGT that outsources this service, but it is the city councils that do it. Let us remember that the town councils have transferred control of traffic on their streets as well as the sanctioning capacity.



What they do is hire the services of companies that are dedicated to controlling traffic using cameras and installing radars. The town councils limit themselves to outsourcing the service and then signing the sanctions imposed by these companies to give them legal support, companies that also have a legal department in charge of collecting the fines by executive means.



In this case they usually go for a 50% commission, so everything is profit for the mayor's office. The problem in Cazalegas is that the mobile radar was being controlled by an individual from inside his car, something that is specifically prohibited, because if there is a mobile radar of these characteristics, it must be handled by an authority agent.



This represents a defect in form that could invalidate all sanctions imposed by that equipment during the hours in which it was in operation. If that same equipment had been autonomous (a fixed camera with radar) and had the relevant controls from the Spanish metrology centre, the fines would be perfectly legal.

### Osram recalls two battery starters over safety concerns

Electrical component provider Osram was issued a recall notice for two vehicle battery starters, namely of the Batterystart 260 and Batterystart 360 models, two car battery starters in which a technical failure has been detected.



Due to a construction defect, a short circuit may occur in the product and overheating with the risk of a possible fire. If you have either of these two chargers, you can return it to Osram for a refund. The alert has come through the European RAPEX network.



Why has the recall notice been issued by Osram?



According to the manufacturer's information, they have detected a technical failure due to which the product can short-circuit, causing overheating.



The manufacturer informs on its website that it has decided to withdraw the product from the market until a complete investigation is carried out and has planned a return procedure for consumers who have purchased any of these chargers.



What are the affected Osram battery starter models?



The affected products are two OSRAM brand lithium battery starters:




Osram Batterystart 260 (OBSL260)



Osram Batterystart 360 (OBSL360)




What can you do if you have a recalled product?



Check that the model you have is exactly one of these two and follow the manufacturer's instructions to get a refund or a similar replacement product. Click the product below to go directly to the Osram product recall page for the affected product.



Osram Batterystart 260 (OBSL260)



Osram Batterystart 360 (OBSL360)



The manufacturer warns that, although the incidence of failure is low and the risk is therefore limited, it will provide users with a heat-resistant bag for transporting the charger. After filling out the form to obtain the refund and receiving the transport bag, you can take the product to the store where you purchased it or dispose of it at a clean point if you purchased it online.



If you have not purchased this product, but were planning to get a charger of this type, do not buy these models even if you find them in an online store despite the fact that the manufacturer has decided to withdraw them.

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja, the first private hospital in Alicante to have an Advanced Robotic Surgery Unit

The goal is to offer your patients more precise surgeries, with less postoperative pain and a much faster recovery than the rest of the surgical techniques



The Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital has launched the first Advanced Robotic Surgery Unit in the private health sector in the province of Alicante, incorporating the most advanced model of Da Vinci robot. The hospital has extensive experience in robotic surgery, since 15 years ago it was one of the pioneering hospitals in Spain in implementing and training its surgeons in the use of this technology.



The Da Vinci robotic surgical system is designed to offer minimally invasive surgery of the highest level in the approach of complex pathologies in the area of specialties such as Urology, General and Digestive System Surgery, Thoracic Surgery, Oncological Surgery and Gynaecological Surgery.



The robotic surgical system has a camera arm and 3 mechanical arms, and surgical instruments mounted on them that are controlled by the surgeon while sitting in front of a computer console within the operating room itself.



The system also has a vision tower that processes the image, providing a real, magnified and 3D view of the surgical field that allows the surgeon to perform more complex procedures with greater precision, flexibility and control compared to conventional techniques.



As Dr. Rosa Mª Cañón, medical director of the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, points out, "the incorporation of the Da Vinci robotic system represents a great qualitative advance in the hospital's surgical services, thanks to which we can offer the best quality of care and experience to our patients, who will benefit from less invasive surgeries with less risk of side effects such as infection, minimal scarring and shorter admissions".



Urological Robotic Surgery in Alicante



Thanks to the Da Vinci robotic surgery system, Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital offers the best treatment and results for patients with prostate cancer who require a radical prostatectomy. "To perform it," explains Dr. Sven Petry, head of the Urology Service at the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, "only small incisions in the skin of 0.5 to 1 cm in length are necessary through which we can perform, guided by the high-definition camera, the complete removal of the prostate with an optimal level of precision."



Regarding the many advantages offered by robotic urological surgery, Dr. Sven Petry highlights a greater recovery of urinary continence, whose success rates thanks to the robot reach 97% compared to 88%, as well as a complete recovery from erectile dysfunction of traditional surgery. Another benefit is the rapid recovery of the patient who, after discharge, can lead a completely normal life, four weeks after the intervention.



The specialist in urological robotic surgery at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja also recommends this technique for the treatment of bladder cancer, kidney cancer or genital prolapse due to its excellent results and postoperative advantages.



Learn more about urologic robotic surgery in this video:




https://youtu.be/ciwgRCED-J4?si=l5kjKHFMkPR17duI




Advanced Robotic Surgery for Malignant and Benign Pathologies



The Da Vinci robotic surgery system has proven to be the best instrument for the multidisciplinary treatment of benign or malignant pathologies. These surgeries include hepatobiliary surgery, oesophageal-gastric surgery, colorectal surgery, metabolic surgery for obesity and abdominal wall surgery.



Within this section of robotic surgery, Dr. Pedro Bretcha, head of the General Surgery and Digestive System Service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, highlights the results achieved by this technique in the treatment of colorectal cancer. As Dr. Bretcha explains, "thanks to robotic surgery in the treatment of colorectal cancer,  we can perform a much more precise resection of the tumour while maintaining the principles of proper cancer surgery and preserving the surrounding healthy tissue. In addition to achieving less blood loss, a lower risk of infections due to the small size of the incisions made, as well as less postoperative pain, a shorter hospital stay and a quick return to daily activities."



Learn more about robotic oncology surgery in this video:




https://youtu.be/evHfegz0CmI?si=VwnFHetbv47j_c_c




Better preservation of pelvic structures thanks to robotic surgery



Another area in which robotic surgery has proven to be the best ally is in the surgical treatment of gynaecological pathologies such as hysterectomy, myomectomy, endometriosis or genital prolapse, in which it stands out "for facilitating more precious movements in narrow and delicate areas such as those that make up the female sexual and reproductive system".  says Dr. Rodolfo Martín Díaz, head of the Gynaecology Service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital. The benefits of gynaecologic robotic surgery include, but are not limited to, better preservation of pelvic structures, a very significant improvement in urinary incontinence and bowel and bladder control, as well as a much earlier return to daily activities.



Learn more about gynaecologic robotic surgery in this video:




https://youtu.be/fVsoZt1IakM?si=x8qYAFTEiCbTC9CV




Thoracic surgeries with less hospitalisation thanks to the Da Vinci



Thanks to the minimally invasive approach assisted with Da Vinci robotic surgery, interventions that previously required long hospitalisations for patients with pulmonary pathology can be performed on an almost outpatient basis, with hospital discharge in just 48 hours. "In addition," says Dr. José Belda, head of the Thoracic Surgery Service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, "the great precision of the Da Vinci's interventions allows the treatment of benign and malignant pulmonary pathologies such as lung cancer, including lobectomies and sublobar resections, all without any detriment to oncological radicality". Other advantages pointed out by the Quirónsalud Torrevieja specialist are less blood loss and a lower risk of postoperative infections.

### More Than 16.5 Million Road Trips Expected During Easter Week

More than 16.5 million road trips are expected during the 2024 Easter week celebrations, representing an increase of 1.5 million over the figures for 2019 and 1% more than in 2023.



In the first phase, which begins this Friday the 22nd at 3:00 p.m. and will run until midnight on Sunday the 24th, 4.2 million trips are planned.



Last year during Holy Week there were 29 fatal incidents in which 35 people died.



Easter Traffic Plan 2024



At 3:00 p.m. this coming Friday, March 22, the Special Easter Traffic Operation begins; a device that the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) puts in place to ensure the safety and fluidity of road movements and that will run until midnight next Monday, April 1, a holiday in seven communities (Balearic Islands, Cantabria, Catalonia, Basque Country, La Rioja, Valencian Community and Navarra).



The 16,550,000 planned road trips represent an increase of 1.5 million over the 2019 figures and 1% more than in 2023.



This holiday period is one of the most complicated of the year, as the volume of trips made in a short space of time, with similar origins and destinations and made on the same days and times, increases.



As usual and to coincide with holidays, the operation is carried out in two phases, coinciding with the greatest number of movements and in which almost 90% of the planned movements are concentrated.



The first phase begins on Friday the 22nd at 3:00 p.m. and ends at midnight on Sunday, March 24. In this phase, 4.2 million road movements are planned.



The second phase, more important than the previous one due to the volume of vehicle movements along the entire road network, will begin on Wednesday, March 27 and will end on Monday, April 1.



Traffic Forecasts during the First Phase of Easter 2024



The traffic forecasts prepared contemplate that from the early afternoon of Friday the 22nd (from 3 p.m. to 10 p.m. and, especially, between 6 p.m. and 9 p.m.) there may be traffic problems and delays at the exits of the large cities, as well as in access to coastal tourist areas, as long-distance trips at the beginning of the holiday period coincide with the usual short weekend trips.



On Saturday the 23rd in the morning, the intense traffic leaving the large urban centres will continue (between 9 a.m. and 2 p.m.) and will be added to the circulation of vehicles whose destination is the recreation and leisure areas near them.



On Sunday the 24th, this first phase of the special operation will close with the return of those who have enjoyed the weekend, so there will be delays in the evening (especially between 6 and 10 p.m.) at the entrances to the cities, although less intense than other Sundays.



To guarantee the road safety of all those who travel and, at the same time, facilitate mobility and fluidity on the roads, the DGT has during these days the maximum availability of the means at its disposal, both technical (fixed radars and speed control mobile phones, helicopters and drones, as well as cameras and camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts) as well as humans (agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, official staff of the Traffic Management Centres, helicopter patrols and personnel in charge of equipment maintenance and installation of road measures).



In addition, during these days, traffic planning and regulation measures will be implemented, such as the installation of reversible lanes that facilitate circulation in and out of urban centres depending on needs, the stoppage of works or restrictions on certain goods vehicles in specific sections and times.



The DGT also insists, when preparing the trip, not only to be informed of the traffic situation in real time and any incidents that may exist, either from the Twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes, in the official information bulletins in radio and television or by calling 011, but also take into account possible alternative routes that help avoid the most conflictive areas.

### Six Dead Including Two Guardia Civil Officers at Checkpoint

Six people have died, including two Guardia Civil officers, after a truck skipped a checkpoint on the AP-4 highway near Los Palacios in Seville.



According to the Guardia Civil, the incident took place around 4:40 a.m. this Tuesday when a truck ran through the checkpoint located at kilometre 20 of the AP-4.



The impact caused the death of six people, including two agents from the Rapid Action Group (GAR) of the Guardia Civil, and at least three other people were seriously injured.

### Mobile Radar Speed Checking Equipment

Speed is one of the main contributing factors to road traffic incidents and fatalities, with 8 out of 10 deaths attributed to speed; it is something that every single driver can do something about thus reducing the risk for all.



However, as the need for speed intensifies, as cars get faster and the ride is smoother, traffic police still have a major task ahead of them when it comes to enforcing the law.



In Spain, the DGT currently use radars, microwave, laser, fixed distance segments and airborne speed detectors.



The Multanova 6F is an example of a microwave radar which sends a beam to the vehicle which then bounces back to the receiver. The variation of the wavelength then allows the processor to calculate the vehicle´s speed and, when the speed is above the programmed threshold, it automatically takes a picture which it sends to the DGT headquarters for processing.



The Autovelox 105 is capable of measuring the speed of vehicles, as well as the distance between vehicles, and their length and width, thus allowing it to monitor cars and trucks from independent databases.



Whereas the equipment fitted to vehicles does become easier to spot with the trained eye, the MultaRadar CD is virtually impossible to spot, the cone shape previously on display has been replaced by a large rectangle, similar in size to the vehicle´s number plate, which has currently been installed in 50 brand new vehicles.



Velolaser is another relatively new device, which has superior accuracy and is extremely portable, capable of being carried in the panniers of a motorbike and set up in seconds.



From the air, Pegasus radar equipment is installed on brightly coloured blue and yellow helicopters. The WESCAM MX-15 works by taking three shots of the speed of a vehicle relative to the GPS position and speed of the aircraft. With these three measures the average speed of the three shots taken at intervals of one second is calculated.



These are just some of the devices that the Guardia Civil use, there are others, and also fixed cameras, which we will look at another time, but before then, next week, we will explain an unusual phenomenon regarding the use of vehicle-based speed detectors, and how private drivers are earning a living from detecting the infractions of their fellow drivers.

### Time for an N332 Facelift – Website upgrade - Updated

After almost a decade providing information about driving in Spain, the n332.es website is set for a facelift.



We are adding lots of new features, such as the ability to favourite and follow articles and topics, interact more, join and login, and join in with some of the future developments, and enjoy more multimedia content. Plus, it will be faster and easier to find what you’re looking for. We will tell you all about each new feature as we roll them out during this year.



However, in order to start the process without switching the site off and depriving you of the information, things might seem a little odd during the next week, with occasional downtime, and the possibility that things might not work as they should. When we do have to switch the website off, we will keep that time to an absolute minimum.



We will try and keep this to a minimum but thought we should warn you as if things don’t work, it’s probably us, not you, and just refresh or come back later and it should be better.



UPDATE 14/03/2024 - Most of the heavy lifting is now complete. We still have a few bits to adjust, and then we will activate varous new features soon. Some of them we have already activated but we're not going to tell you as we are still testing! Feel free to poke around though, you might get lucky and find something.



We did keep the downtime to a minimum, just a couple of hours first thing, but if you tried to access this morning, we are sorry, but we warned you! Seriously though, thanks for your patience.

### The value of preventing a death on the road is 2 million euro

The General Directorate of Traffic, through the National Road Safety Observatory, has presented the results of the study to update the value of preventing a death and a non-fatal injury in traffic incidents. The study has been carried out by the University of Murcia in collaboration with the company Sigma Dos to carry out the surveys.



The report concludes that the value of avoiding or preventing a death in a traffic incident is 2 million euro, taking into account that 1.9 million is the estimated value of a statistical life, a figure to which the costs have been added of net production lost as a result of premature mortality, as well as medical and emergency service costs.



This estimate of the value of statistical life is 46% higher than the estimate (1.3 million) in 2011, the year in which the last study was carried out. This increase is also higher than the increase in nominal GDP per capita experienced in Spain since that date, which amounts to approximately 24.5%, which suggests that, together with the increase in the standard of living, the preferences declared by the Spanish population may be reflecting greater concern about road traffic incidents.



In the case of non-fatal injuries, the report estimates the monetary value of the victim with serious injuries at 354,630 euro and that of a victim with minor injuries at 7,886 euro. When these assessments are completed with medical and ambulance costs, as well as production losses, there is a value of preventing an injury of 385,480 euro for the seriously injured and 8,506 euro for the lightly injured.



According to Álvaro Gómez, director of the DGT's Road Safety Observatory, "this type of study helps to know the average social cost of traffic accidents, as well as to assess the road safety policies and measures to be implemented through cost-benefit analysis. The evaluation of policies is essential for efficient allocation of public resources, and spending on effective road safety measures is an investment with a high level of social and economic return."



Methodology



The approach used to make the above estimates has been that of "willingness to pay", that is, the maximum amount of money that society is willing to pay to travel more safely, in order to avoid a death, a seriously injured person or a slightly injured person in a traffic incident. This willingness to pay approach has been articulated through the method known as the standard continent/lottery valuation chain approach, which was already used in 2011, the year in which the previous study was carried out.



To this end, two large surveys were carried out, each involving 2,000 adults demographically and geographically representative of the general Spanish population, through computer-assisted face-to-face interviews.



Based on the responses to the first survey, the research team from the University of Murcia estimated the value of preventing a death due to a traffic incident, adding to the value of statistical life the net losses of productive capacity due to premature death of the victim, along with the costs associated with health care, which include medical expenses and ambulance transportation.



The second survey was used to estimate the value of preventing an injury, by adding the value of the non-fatal victim and the losses of productive capacity, together with the costs related to health care. Furthermore, in this second analysis, the monetary value of the quality-adjusted life year in the context of road accidents was also calculated. The quality-adjusted life year is a synthetic measure that combines quantity and quality of life.



International comparison



In the European study that compared death costs, adjusted by purchasing power parity and updated to 2022 prices in the 19 Euro Zone countries included in the European SafetyCube project, it is evident that Spain occupied thirteenth position, with a value lower than the average of the Euro Zone (2,030,020). The countries with the highest valuations were Estonia, Croatia, France and Austria, with costs per death greater than 3 million euro; while below Spain were Italy, Ireland, Germany, Cyprus, Portugal and Slovakia, with estimates of less than 1.8 million euro. When the 2023 estimate of the VPF is incorporated into this comparison, Spain closes the gap with the Euro Zone average and presents values ​​similar to countries such as Belgium or Finland.

### Road Closures due to Snow

Driving in snow or snowy conditions can be extremely dangerous, as the entire dynamics of both the road and driving needs change, and if we don´t adapt, the consequences could be catastrophic.



During an active snowfall visibility can be affected, but so can our perceptions, as a visible tunnel effect can be created as we drive through the falling snow. Once on the ground, snow can leak to blockages and significant problems maintaining traction on the road, and so skidding can be caused.



Whenever we drive in snow, we must take the utmost precautions by slowing down, perhaps even considerably, ensuring that everything we do with the vehicle is slow and gentle, such as turning, braking or accelerating, and allowing a significantly wider distance between us and any vehicle or road user in front.



It is also important to known that in Spain, because of the topography of the country, the weather can be deceptive, in so much as you might well be on the sun drenched Mediterranean coast, but little close to an hour inland you could find yourself coming across snow, and so the first thing to do is always to check the traffic conditions via the official sources, the DGT for the roads, and AEMET for the weather.



It is not mandatory to carry snow chains in Spain. However, in some situations it is mandatory to use them, and so, again, the importance of checking your route is paramount because you could find yourself in a situation where you are not permitted to proceed.



If you come across a blue circular sign with a pictogram of a wheel which is encased in snow chains, then it is mandatory to have snow chains on your wheels in order to proceed beyond the sign. If you do not have snow chains and you continue, it is both extremely dangerous, and illegal, and you could not only find yourself facing a fine, but having to abandon your vehicle where it is as the traffic police take you to a place of safety and a talking to. In this circumstance however, specific winter tyres are also permitted.



There is also a rectangular sign with the word “PAJARES” at the top and then three rectangles below. These rectangles may display certain types of information, including restrictions for particular vehicle types, but principally we must always check the topmost rectangle, which will be colour coded as follows.



Blank / White – Possibly displaying the word “ABIERTO”. The road is open without further restriction.



Green – Road open. You may continue, but you should do so with care.



Yellow – Precaution. You may continue, but with extreme care, and in general terms at a maximum speed of 60 kilometres per hour.



Red – Passible under certain conditions. In principle, when the red band is displayed, you may only pass if you have got snow chains fitted or winter tyres, the same as the blue mandatory warning already mentioned. In this case, in general terms, the maximum permitted speed is 30 kilometres per hour.



Black – Impassible. The road is closed, and you must not proceed.

### What We Need to Know About Ovarian Cancer

Dr. Rodolfo Martín Díaz, head of the Gynaecology Service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante, summarises the origin of this pathology and what surgery consists of to address it.



One of the malignant diseases that occupies the first places among female tumours is ovarian cancer. Its incidence in women is around 1.2% of the general female population, but if we take into account its age of onset, it will represent 5% of female tumours and the fourth most frequent.



In Spain, around 3,300 new cases are diagnosed annually, an incidence relatively higher than that of the world population (4%).



Despite its low incidence, it is still the leading cause of cancer death in women, with around 2,000 deaths per year. 



Rodolfo Martín Díaz, head of the Gynaecology Service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja y Alicante, explains in greater detail what this disease consists of and how it can be treated. In addition, he specifies the average age of patients who suffer from it and when studies should begin for early detection of the disease.



 



 



Ovarian cancer and the patient's age



Ovarian cancer is a disease more common in postmenopausal women, with the highest incidence between the ages of 50 and 75. In this sense, the average is around 63 years old. These purely statistical data only reflect the importance of regular check-ups after menopause.



Survival of ovarian cancer depends purely and exclusively on the stage or degree of progression that is diagnosed. The Quirónsalud professional explains that in stage I, the cure can reach 95%, while in stage II, it is 70% and in stage III, it is 30%. However, "unfortunately, most cases are diagnosed in stage III or IV.  This is mainly due to the fact that it is a silent disease, which when it manifests it does so with symptoms that are mistaken between banal anomalies of the digestive tract, urological and gynaecological problems. Added to this, the lack of an accurate diagnostic imaging method leads to the vast majority of times being discovered in advanced stages.



Faced with this scenario, specific gynaecological check-ups from the age of 40 are very important, in which a gynaecological ultrasound will be performed to detect any abnormality in the ovaries. If there is a family history of ovarian cancer, screening should begin earlier.



Regarding the causes of ovarian cancer, a specific one is currently unknown, but there are a number of factors that reduce the incidence of ovarian cancer. These include pregnancy and the use of birth control pills.



More well-known, but rare, are hereditary syndromes that predispose to ovarian cancer due to mutations in some specific genes such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, linked to breast and ovarian cancer and other tumours (prostate, pancreas, melanoma).



More recently, other genes are also linked to ovarian cancer such as PTEN (PTEN tumour hamartoma syndrome), STK11 (Peutz-Jeghers syndrome), MUTYH (MUTYH-associated polyposis), and many genes that can cause hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer or Lynch syndrome (MLH1, MLH3, MSH2, MSH6, TGFBR2, PMS1, and PMS2).



Treatments for Ovarian Cancer



The professional Díaz, from Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante, says that ovarian cancer surgery differs in the early and advanced stages, but in all cases the objective is the same: to leave the patient without tumour remains.



In early stages I and II, minimally invasive surgery plays a fundamental role.



Minimally invasive surgery allows surgical procedures to be performed through minimal incisions in the skin, avoiding the opening of the abdomen. This is why post-surgical recovery is faster, less painful and associated with a lower risk of infection, allowing patients earlier mobility, incorporating into family, social and work life in a much shorter time than in the case of patients operated on by laparotomy.



Therefore, recovery after ovarian cancer surgery can vary significantly depending on several factors, such as the extent of the surgery, the stage of the cancer, the patient's overall health. If the surgical approach is minimally invasive, recovery is much faster and less painful.



For advanced stages, in which treatment of the genital tract is required, but also digestive, urinary or peritoneal, the recommended route is the open route, sometimes intraperitoneal chemotherapy with hyperthermia may be added (HIPEC).



In these cases, the exposure of the abdomen is maximum so that both the upper and lower abdomen can be addressed and thus completely eliminate all visible tumour disease. Here, there is a higher incidence of post-surgical pain, surgical wound infections, bleeding, and limitation of early mobility. In the first case, the hospital stay is usually 2 days on average, while in the second it is approximately 7 days.



Finally, the professional maintains that: When ovarian cancer is suspected or diagnosed, patients should be referred to centres with experience and capacity. To have multidisciplinary teams and the appropriate technology, because the surgical treatment of ovarian cancer has only one surgical opportunity and the survival of our patients depends on it, which in the advanced stages can range from 72 months to 30 months, depending on the type of surgery we are able to perform.



You can request more information at Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital about this disease or any other pathology.

### IMPORTANT INFORMATION FOR TORREVIEJA!!!

A road closure notice has been issued for the road named Jose Carreras in Torrevieja, which you are more likely to know as the road behind Jardin Del Mar that goes from the CV-905 at the Hiperber roundabout towards the auditorium and schools.



This is a very busy road for traffic, including buses, to the schools, the adult college, Sports City, and market.



The closure will mean diversions and significant disruption to traffic, so allow extra time for your journey.



The road closure notice is active from 4 March to 2 June, so 3 months, and is in connection with the Lagoons Village development. Access to their sales office will be maintained from the auditorium end of the road.



Please, as we say, allow extra time for your journey and spread the word as it will likely be chaotic initially.








https://youtu.be/8MBC20op7h0?si=WR007JvtgiBQ9wmt





Jose Carreras behind Jardin Del Mar



The Hiperber roundabout on the CV-905 which links to Jose Carreras



Jose Carreras, Hiperber roundabout to the left, the auditorium and Sports City towards the right

### MEPs to Vote on Standardised European Driving Licence Rules

On Wednesday at noon, MEPs are set to adopt their position on the review of EU driving licence rules. They are seeking to improve road safety by streamlining requirements for drivers, introducing medical fitness checks, and increasing awareness about the vulnerability of road users like pedestrians and cyclists.



The new EU driving licence rules are part of the Road safety package presented by the Commission in March 2023 to improve safety for all road users, facilitate cross-border enforcement of traffic rules, and modernise driving licence rules. The ultimate goal is to move as close as possible to zero fatalities in EU road transport by 2050 ("Vision Zero").

### Snowploughs ready for action

The Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility has activated the necessary means to deal with snowfall that may occur in the Communities of Asturias, Cantabria, Castilla y León and Catalonia during the snowstorm expected between now and Wednesday.



To deal with these phenomena, the Ministry has 686 snowploughs and a storage capacity of 129,005 tons of fluxes.



The State Meteorological Agency (Aemet) has issued a warning bulletin for orange level snowfall in the communities of Asturias, Cantabria and Castilla y León; and for Tuesday and Wednesday a warning bulletin for orange level snowfall in the Community of Catalonia.



Given this situation, it is necessary to call for caution and take extreme precautionary measures when traveling on the road. Therefore, it is recommended to consult the information and recommendations contained, in addition to the 'X' account (formerly Twitter) of the Ministry of Transport and Sustainable Mobility (@transportesgob), in the following official links:




DGT Information



DGT Twitter account



AEMET Information



Aemet Twitter account

### What the Different Results of the ITV Test Mean

Last week we spoke specifically about what happens if your vehicle fails the ITV test, but there are other statuses that we need to know, as your vehicle might not be a complete failure.



When you take your vehicle for the ITV test, the result will be one of three options, favorable, desfavorable, or negativa (favourable, unfavourable or negative), and although we all hope for a favourable pass, it is important to know the implications of the other results, and what we have to do about it.



FAVORABLE



If the ITV result is “favorable”, it is possible to continue driving safely and without the need to return until the next test is due. However, sometimes, when the Technical Inspection is favorable, some slight defects may have been detected. In this case, the owner of the vehicle must repair them as soon as possible, although it will not be necessary to return to the ITV station to submit the car to a new technical inspection.



The equivalent to this in the UK MOT system would be a PASS.



DESFAVORABLE



If the report received from the ITV test shows that the technical inspection is “desfavorable”, this means that our vehicle has serious defects that put our safety and that of other road users at risk. Consequently, we will only be able to drive the vehicle to a workshop to repair the faults and return to the station to carry out a new inspection. The time that we have to correct the defects of our car is 2 months and we must return to the ITV station to verify that the detected defects have already been corrected within that time. Remember though, we are only allowed to drive to the workshop and back to the test centre in this case.



Although it cannot be directly related to the UK MOT system, a similar standard here would be a PASS with MINOR defects.



As a general rule, this second inspection is free if it is done within 2 months. If this is not the case, and we go to the ITV after that time, the vehicle will have to be inspected again, and we must pay again.



NEGATIVA



The technical inspection with a negative result, “negativa”, or what we would call the equivalent of a fail, for its part, is due to the fact that at least one defect is considered very serious because it constitutes a direct and immediate risk to road safety, or has an impact on the environment. In this case, the vehicle is no longer permitted to drive on public roads.



The equivalent to this in the UK MOT system would be a FAIL.



If this situation occurs, as we mentioned last week, we cannot even drive away from the test centre, and must contract a tow truck (grua) to transfer the vehicle to the workshop to be repaired.



Once again, we have a period of 2 months to carry out the repairs and return to the test centre, but remember that the vehicle cannot be driven until the test has been completed successfully, and so not only must the tow truck take the vehicle from the test centre to the workshop, it must also be used to take the car back for the subsequent, and hopefully successful, inspection.

### Nine out of ten patients with the most common tumours can be cured with an early diagnosis

Specialists at Quirónsalud point out that nine out of ten patients with the most common tumours can be cured if detected in their early stages, such as breast, prostate, and colon cancer.



Breast cancer is the most common tumour among the female population, accounting for almost 30% of all cancers diagnosed in women and also the most diagnosed tumour worldwide. For this reason, Dr. Marta Huertas, radiologist at the Diagnostic Imaging Service of the Quirónsalud Murcia Hospital, stresses the importance of performing a mammogram.



Dr. Huertas points to tomosynthesis mammography as the great evolution in this diagnostic field, since it allows a more advanced study by reducing the overlapping of structures and allowing the identification of lesions that could remain hidden. "Thanks to the tomosynthesis mammography we are able to diagnose lesions in earlier stages, reduce the performance of complementary tests or repetitions compared to conventional mammography, as well as improv the assessment of dense breasts," says the radiology specialist at Quirónsalud Murcia.



In the case of men, prostate cancer is, without a doubt, the most common tumour, which forces us to emphasise the importance of prevention and early diagnosis of this tumour to preserve health in men. As for its early diagnosis, Dr. Javier Pérez, urologist at the Quirónsalud Valencia Hospital, recommends "the performance of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood testing from the age of fifty and, if elevated, digital rectal examination (DRE) as the most important tools to identify possible cases of prostate cancer in early stages."



Another technique in case of suspicion will be fusion biopsy, which is considered the best diagnostic test, especially in the case of areas suspected of harbouring prostate cancer cells in an MRI. "It is especially recommended in lesions that are difficult to access, when lesions are observed in the MRI and the clinical suspicion of prostate cancer persists after a negative biopsy for a tumour, and to consider surveillance of low-risk tumours or focal therapies," says the urology specialist at Quirónsalud Valencia.



If we talk about both sexes, the most prevalent type of tumour would be colon cancer,  a tumour whose incidence, says Dr. Pedro Bretcha, head of Surgical Oncology at the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, has increased by 22% in the last decade.



Regarding the early detection of colon cancer, there is consensus that a study should be carried out from the age of fifty to all those people without risk factors, such as the annual faecal occult blood test, which has proven to be as effective as other diagnostic tests. "As for people at increased risk," says Dr. Bretcha, "they should enter a study program at a younger age and more frequently. In the case of people with a first-degree relative under the age of 60 with colon cancer or two first-degree relatives at any age, they should have a colonoscopy starting at age 40 or 10 years before the relative's diagnosis, and from that point on, repeat every five years."

### Traffic Police to Focus on Trucks and Buses This Week

This week, ROADPOL, the European traffic police network, are holding a focussed campaign on vans, trucks and buses, checking everything from vehicle standards and compliance, and driver and documentation. The campaign runs all week and through Sunday 25 February 2024, and will be taking place in most European countries.



In Spain, the DGT are supporting this campaign and so the Guardia Civil, assisted by Local Police in areas where they are taking part, will also be checking on these types of vehicles.



There is also still the possibility of protests causing disruption on the roads, and so you should consult the official information from the DGT which is updated live on their website.



We also still have the risk of snow on higher and mountainous areas, and so snow chains could be required, again, check before you travel.



Official Websites for Travel Information




For live traffic reports, visit the DGT traffic map



For weather warnings, consult AEMET



For flight information, check the AENA airport operator's website

### Road Trip to Spain! Introduction

This week, members of the N332 Road Safety Group held an introductory presentation in Orihuela Costa town hall, explaining their latest online publication due to be released shortly.



Last year, Spain received 71 million tourists. Many of them came driving, bringing their luggage and bulky items. Unfortunately, some of these drivers had a bad experience during their journey.



In order to avoid accidents and reduce traffic offences, often caused by a lack of knowledge of Spanish traffic law, the traffic police officer, Francisco Javier Morales, who admins the Facebook page “N332”, created the free guide explaining how to drive properly on Spanish roads.



We know that European countries have similar traffic legislations which may vary slightly. For that reason, and with the aim of having "safer roads for all", accompanied by Mark Nolan from the N332.es website, the main differences between Spain and other countries were explained, as well as some of the most common unexpected situations among tourists who drive on Spanish roads.



Although this particular guide is aimed at tourists, which is why the official launch presentation took place at the FITUR tourism event in Madrid, it is equally important for residents alike.



These introductory talks are aimed at introducing the booklet to key community representatives, and following on from Orihuela, the next talk will be in Los Montesinos on 28 February, then in Torrevieja at the Quironsalud hospital in March.







The publication will then be released and available to read online on computer, tablet or mobile, or download, and in different formats before the summer season, and a shorter version of the presentation will then tour various community groups.



If you would like to register an interest in attending the invitation-only talks, subject to availability of course, or if you are a group leader and are interested in us visiting your group, you can send an email to n332facebook@hotmail.com, and please include your name and contact details, as well as a little bit of information about your group and location, if appropriate.



Welcome to Road Trip to Spain!

### Tyre Load Capacity - Reading a Tyre

Did you know that although your tyres are designed to carry a variety of loads in your vehicle, from just the driver to a full quota of passengers and luggage, there are limits to the amount of pressure we can subject the tyres to. This is known as the TYRE LOAD CAPACITY.



Knowing how to read a tyre forms part of the driving test in Spain, which is testament to how important the DGT feel the subject is.



If you look at the side of the tyre you will see a sequence which looks something like this sample, “195 / 55 R 16 87V”. Here, “195” refers to 195 millimetres, the nominal section width of the tyre. “55” is 55%, the aspect ratio, representing the height of the tyre sidewall as a percentage of the nominal section width, i.e., in our case, 55% of 195mm. “R” stands for radial construction. “16” is the diameter of the tyre´s inner rim, this time in inches. What we are looking for in this example is “87”, the load capacity of the tyre, and “V”, the maximum permitted speed. There is also the stamp indicating the week number and the year of manufacture.



Sadly, for the average driver, they don´t make it too simple for us to immediately see what the load capacity is, as the number in the code needs to be converted to a weight. In our example, 87V, the tyres can carry a maximum load of 545 kilograms. Keep in mind though, this is the total maximum weight of the vehicle. It also shows why it is important that all the tyres on the vehicle match, as if they are different, the load capacity may be lower.



In our example, the letter “V” refers to a maximum speed of 240 kilometres per hour, but speed limits must be maintained by the road and conditions, rather than the maximum that the tyres can endure.

### N332 to Present New Guide – Road Trip to Spain

On Wednesday, members of the N332 road safety team will be in Orihuela Costa town hall to present the latest digital publication relating to driving and road safety, Road Trip to Spain.



Launched by the serving Guardia Civil traffic officer who administers the N332 Facebook page, Fransisco Javier Morales, the guide aims to clarify some of the greatest doubts about driving in Spain, and although it is aimed as much at tourists visiting the country, as well as residents, it will serve as a practical guide for all road users.



The guide is mostly picture-based, with brief descriptions, and so is intended to be easy to digest, in order to get the message across about differing rules in Spain, and some of the most common infractions that lead to fines, and therefore, primarily, make the roads a safer space for all.



The guide was first presented at the FITUR tourism event in Madrid, and after the Orihuela Costa town hall talk the team will visit Los Montesinos town hall later this month and in Torrevieja in March.



Following these invitation-led presentations, the team will start to offer the talks to international social and neighbourhood groups around the area, amongst which already include a Swedish group in Torrevieja, and a social group in Orihuela.

### How to lose points and influence the loss of your driving licence!

Driving in Spain, on a Spanish driving licence, is both penalised and rewarded through a points-based system.



Drivers are given an allocation of points. If you´re a good and capable driver, your points allocation will increase (to a maximum of 15). Do something wrong, and, depending on the offence, you lose points. Lose them all, and you lose your licence. Albeit you can recover it.



There are numerous offences which will result in the loss of points, and points loss increases with the severity of the offence, and although this is in now way an exhaustive list, you might be interested in some of the most common causes for the loss of points, and therefore avoid doing them, if you’re tempted.




Driving under the influence of drugs, psychotropics, stimulants and other substances with similar effects.



Refusing to submit to a breathalyser test or drug screening.



Driving in a reckless manner (endangering other drivers), driving in the opposite direction or engaging in unauthorised races.



Exceeding the speed limit by more than 50% the maximum authorised limit and by at least 30 kilometres per hour.



Using mechanisms or instruments that inhibit traffic monitoring or radar detection systems.



Driving with a blood alcohol level between 0.25 and 0.50 mg per litre of exhaled air. For professional and novice drivers, the limit is between 0.15 and 0.30 mg / l.



Throwing objects on or nearby the road that could cause fires, accidents or impede other road users.



Driving on motorways or dual carriageways with vehicles that are expressly prohibited.



Driving a vehicle with an occupation that increases by 50% or more the number of authorised seats.



Driving a vehicle without a licence for that vehicle.



Driving with a suspended licence or having been banned for driving that vehicle.



Driving negligently and putting other road users at risk.



Failure to comply with the legal provisions on the priorities and the obligation to stop at the stop sign and traffic lights.



Overtaking, endangering or hindering cyclists.



Performing a reversing manoeuvre on motorways.



Increasing speed or performing manoeuvres that prevent or hinder overtaking by the driver of another vehicle.



Failure to observe the signs and signals of agents that regulate movement.



Failure to maintain a safe distance from the vehicle ahead.



Driving using a mobile phone, programming the browser, using headphones or other devices that reduce the attention.



Not using seat belts, child restraints, helmets and other protective equipment.

### How to Avoid Visiting the DGT Traffic Office

Dealing with administration can be a daunting task for many, partly due to the apparent complexity of some of the procedures, and partly due to the inconvenience of having to attend a very busy office, where many more people are trying to achieve their own resolution, but when it comes to traffic and vehicle procedures, there is some good news, because almost all traffic procedures can be carried out remotely.



At this time, 94% of traffic procedures can be carried out without having to go to the provincial and local DGT Traffic Headquarters, either by telephone -060-, Internet - Electronic Headquarters - or in the mobile application - AppmiDGT -.



Only the application for permits for dangerous goods and the exchange of permits require in-person attention.



The General Directorate of Traffic works every day to improve the service it provides to citizens. For this reason, among other measures, it has continued to expand the procedures related to driving licences or vehicles that can be presented or carried out electronically, without the need to make an appointment or go in person to the provincial and local Traffic headquarters.



At this time, with the exception of the application for permits for dangerous goods and the exchange of permits, all procedures related to the driver's licence of the holder or the vehicle can be carried out comfortably and quickly by telephone (060), through the headquarters electronic from the DGT or the AppmiDGT mobile application and with the same guarantees as if it were done in person.



In addition, there are also other procedures, such as renewing a driving licence or permanently deregistering a vehicle, which can be carried out directly at collaborating entities.



In this line of improvement, the DGT Electronic Headquarters has been renewed and now allows all procedures related to vehicles to be carried out in an even simpler way, explaining the entire process step by step and also allowing all documentation to be directly attached without even having to do it through registration. After presenting the documentation, the operator at the DGT Headquarters carries out the procedure and sends the response to the individual.



IN terms of collaborating entities, one of the biggest and most useful is the post office, Correos. Via Correos you can carry out procedures such as the application for a duplicate driving licence, obtain vehicle reports, notify a vehicle sale or purchase, as well as change of ownership, and of course, the issuing of the Environmental Sticker for your vehicle.



Many of the procedures are available at all post offices, some can only be conducted via networked centres, and the website, correos.es, has more information.

### Spain's commitment to turning the bicycle into an everyday means of transportation

The Minister of Transport and Sustainable Mobility, Óscar Puente, has reiterated Spain's commitment to the European Union (EU) objective of turning the bicycle into a daily means of transport in cities, especially among the new generations, and position Europe as a pioneer in the promotion of active mobility.



This was expressed by the minister during his speech at the high-level Conference on cycling, held in Hasselt (Belgium), within the framework of the Belgian presidency of the Council of the European Union.



The meeting, structured in three high-level panels and an inter-institutional session in which the minister participated, sought to develop and strengthen bicycle use policies throughout Europe and debate how to implement the European Bicycle Declaration, which was presented in Seville by the European Commission on October 4, within the framework of the Urban Mobility Days, an event co-organised between the Spanish Presidency of the Council of the EU and the Commission.



In the session that he shared with his European counterparts, Óscar Puente pointed out that it is essential for many Member States to have a European policy that promotes active mobility, since there are still considerable differences between different countries in the use of bicycles and on the availability of funds to develop safe cycling infrastructure.



"I would like to draw your attention to something that is happening in Spain after the last local elections as some of the infrastructure built in recent years with European funds is being destroyed. We need help from the European Union. We need a policy that promotes active mobility. I am convinced that the bicycle must become another symbol of the European Union and to achieve this, we must be proactive and reach many European citizens," said the minister.



Hence the relevance of the European Bicycle Declaration and the boost to cycling policy that will continue to be given in the next European legislature.



Thus, the head of the Department has emphasised that one of the priorities is to raise awareness about the use of bicycles through health, education and road safety programs, especially for young people, as is being done in Spain. And he has called for this to be done in coordination with local and regional authorities, to help them establish safe cycling lanes, parking specifically designed for bicycles and bicycle sharing services.



Great effort from Spain



Óscar Puente has highlighted the great effort that Spain is making in the development of this policy. Thus, to achieve the objective of placing it next to the countries that are leaders in this field, Spain has had a State Strategy for the bicycle since 2021, which contemplates developing governance and investor criteria, and which has been included in the Strategy of Safe, Sustainable and Connected Mobility 2030. In addition, in the future a new boost will be given to its deployment with the approval of the new Sustainable Mobility Law.



Along these lines, the country is making important use of various national and European funds to promote active and decarbonized mobility, financing, for example, the construction of new cycling infrastructure and investing more than ever in this mode of transport. Although, as he has emphasised, this policy must be accompanied by new funds.



The minister has mentioned some of the measures that the Government of Spain has adopted to promote the use of bicycles, including the preparation of a guide with recommendations for the deployment of cycling infrastructure; a computer tool to improve the safety of sports and road cyclists; and others to improve intermodal connections, such as between bicycles and rail, whether it be bicycle parking at train stations or making it easier for people to travel with a bicycle on board. In that sense, he has stated that the EU can play an important role in promoting this type of measures.



In the inter-institutional session, the head of Transport stressed that the application of all these measures must be accompanied by monitoring, including studies on bicycle use in global transport reports, or creating a network of focal points on the use of bicycles. cycling in all Member States.

### Mutual Respect on the Road

As children, many of us were taught to ride a bike, taking its learning as one of our first most outstanding feats. Over the years, this children's entertainment has become more of a sustainable and practical alternative to go anywhere. In fact, the use of the bicycle is increasing as it is seen more and more as an efficient, economical, healthy and environmentally friendly form of travel.



Urban mobility is also evolving, with the onset of small electrically powered vehicles, such as e-scooters, becoming an increasingly common occurrence.



Cyclists were already amongst some of the most vulnerable road users, to which we must now also add e-scooters, in all of their forms, and whilst talking about vulnerable road users, we must not dismiss pedestrians.



The first thing we must all acknowledge is that the road is a shared space. Nobody has any more or any less rights to be there, with the expectation of emergency vehicles responding to a situation, so whatever so-called pecking order you might assume, it is wrong. A bicycle, an e-scooter, a car, a bus, a tank, whatever the vehicle might be, it has the same right to be in that space as you do. Of course, there are certain roads and lanes which are reserved, restricted, and obligatory for certain vehicles, but we are talking in general terms.



Now we have got that point clear, we will expand and explain that as a road user, on a shared space, with as much right to be there as everyone else, all vehicles and their drivers also share the same responsibilities.



When you are at a stop sign, stop line, or red light, for example, you must stop your vehicle. This applies to ALL vehicles. In the case of those in a vulnerable position not having the protection of a metal case around them, such as cyclists, e-scooter riders, etc, by passing these stop indicators without stopping puts you in an even more vulnerable position. A stop sign, in whatever form, is not there just to make you stop, it is to make you stop and ensure that the way is clear before proceeding. Stopping allows you extra time to do this, rather than just giving way. Stop signs, as an example, will protect the most precarious junctions, such as those where visibility is restricted.



All road signs serve one purpose, and that purpose it not to look pretty or give you something to look at, it is to warn of a risk or danger and the appropriate action you should or must carry out in order to reduce that risk.



There are specific requirements for different vehicles, but in this article, we wanted to share two very important messages, the first being that, as we said, roads are shared spaces, so we must all respect each other, and secondly, that traffic law, in whatever form, is designed to keep us safer, and so our compliance is not just a way of avoiding fines, it is a way of keeping everyone that little bit safer.

### Weekend Roads and Flight Bulletin - Friday 26 January 2024

On the roads of Spain, coinciding with the weekends of the winter months, an increase in traffic is expected on the main routes, national roads, and motorways towards rest areas, second homes and mountain areas for practicing winter sports.



FRIDAY



Movements out of large urban centres and increased circulation on the main communication routes towards rest areas, second homes and mountain areas, the least favourable time being between 7 and 9 p.m.



SATURDAY



Travel out of large urban centres, many of which will be short trips to recreation and leisure areas close to large towns, as well as increased circulation on the main communication routes to rest areas, second homes and mountain areas, the busiest times being between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m.



SUNDAY



Movements in the entrance direction to the large urban centres along the main communication road axes that channel the entire return movement, in particular on motorways, as well as along the access roads to areas of mountain with winter sports practice, at an unfavourable time between 6 and 10 p.m.



If you are going to the mountains, remember to take snow chains (click this link to browse snow chains on Amazon). Winter tyres are also permitted, but if you come across a blue circular sign showing snow chains, it is obligatory to have them fitted on your wheels before passing the sign. You are not permitted further without having them installed. It is both dangerous, and illegal.



Flight Update



Once again, it’s not going to be a great day for flying, although still better than earlier in the week, with around 24,700 flights expected, the day starts with a risk of low visibility during morning hours for Spain, southern France and northern Italy, with flights made worse by moderate to strong winds stretching from the British Isles to Benelux and Germany. Oh, and for good measure, snow forecast for Norway and Sweden.



Heathrow is once again highlighted as a potential problem, with strong winds, particularly in the morning, likely to cause moderate disruption.



We also have industrial action continuing today in Lanzarote. There are still Air Traffic Control staffing issues in some UK towers too, as has been the case for some time now, with no real resolution in sight.



And, because why not on a Friday, the equipment testing resumes at Paris Air Traffic Control Centre, affecting the air space across the north of the country, resulting in anticipated delays, and on some occasions, those delays could be severe.



Weekend Weather



Across Europe today we have high pressure forecast over the south of the continent and ridging into central Europe. As mentioned in the flight briefing, risk of low visibility during the morning hours for Spain, southern France and northern Italy. Low Pressure over Scandinavia with associated frontal activity bringing unsettled conditions, moderate to strong winds stretching from the British Isles to Benelux and Germany. Forecasted snow for Norway and Sweden.



Weak low pressure over southeast Europe, mostly affecting Cyprus and Israel.



Locally, on the Costa Blanca, for the next 10 days will see the maximum temperature start to dip again from today, leading to a low a week on Wednesday of 11°c. The windiest day is expected to see wind of up to 30 kmph on Friday next week.



Live Updates



For live traffic reports, visit the DGT traffic map



For weather warnings, consult AEMET

### Roads and Flights Forecast - Monday 22 January 2023

On the roads of Spain there´s nothing significant planned but remember that if you are venturing into the mountain areas, which in some cases might be less than an hour from the sunny coast, snow chains should be a consideration to avoid getting stranded. If you come across a blue circular sign with a pictogram of snow chains you must not proceed without having them fitted on your vehicle, unless you have winter tyres, a specific type of tyre designed for winter driving. If you are in doubt, chances are you do NOT have winter tyres, so snow chains would be mandatory.



All this week, the Guardia Civil, and some Local Police forces, will be checking up on school buses, making sure they are roadworthy, documents up to date, and drivers are competent. It’s all routine, but if you do see the Guardia Civil near a school bus, don’t panic, that’s what is happening.



In the air, with some 23.200 flights scheduled across Europe, the weather is once again expected to have an impact, but this time in the form of wind.



Low pressure caused by storm Isha will bring strong winds to the UK, northern France, Benelux, northern Germany and Scandinavia.



A significant impact is expected in the south of the UK, particularly London, with strong cross winds at most airports, with the increased probability of both bumpy landings and go-arounds.



Scottish airports are also expected to remain a little rough into Monday.



Weather in Spain



There are still weather warnings in place in various locations, and the conditions are mixed across the country, so you should check the official sites for the must current weather updates where you are (links below).



As an overview locally to the Costa Blanca for the next 10 days, will are currently expected to have a maximum temperature of 21°c this coming Thursday, warming up again after the minimum expected today of 10°c. Today is also expected to be the windiest with gusts of up to 25 kmph.




Click here to visit AEMET for weather alerts and forecasts.



Click here to visit the DGT for live traffic and road conditions.




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The audio version of this travel bulletin is part of Spain Today, a daily update from Mark Nolan´s Podcast that brings together Spanish news in English, things to do in the Torrevieja area, Spanish history with On This Day, and important updates each weekday.



You can follow the podcast on your favourite platform, just search for Mark Nolan´s Podcast, or listen and read the daily update on the website, marknolanspodcast.com, where you can find instructions on how to listen on platforms like Amazon Music, Audible. Spotify, TuneIn, and receive the daily bulletin as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing.




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### Rules to Protect Vulnerable Road Users

If you’re lucky enough to have received a new e-scooter during the gifting or sales season, we have two things to tell you. If you haven’t received an e-scooter, then much of what we are going to say applies to many more road users, cyclists for example, so read on anyway, and you might learn something.



The first thing we have to tell you is that as an e-scooter user (or any VMP, but the most common vehicle within that category is the e-scooter, so we are using that as a reference), you are amongst the most vulnerable users on the road. If you think of a motorbike, or moped for that matter, they are fitted with safety elements to help protect the user in the event of a collision, fairings or roll bars, for example, e-scooters offer no such protection.



That is precisely why it is important that you use personal protective equipment, such as a helmet, whether it is mandatory in your area or not. Similarly, that is why it is important that you abide by all traffic laws. Traffic law, as a general concept, has a single purpose, which is not to fine or punish people, but in fact to ensure your safety, and the safety of all road users. The more vulnerable you are, the greater the risk of serious or even fatal injury.



The second thing we want to share therefore are some of the responsibilities you carry when using a vehicle, such as an e-scooter, and the rules you must abide by.



Again, to sum It up, you must abide by all traffic rules in the same way as any other vehicle.



Some of the most common offences we witness, which in themselves clearly pose a danger, hence their illegality, include riding on the pavement. E-scooters are not permitted to be ridden on pedestrian areas, which includes pavements, town squares, shopping centres etc, but also includes pedestrian crossings when passing with the pedestrian flow. The vehicle itself IS permitted on these areas, but not if it is ridden. In other words, you must get off the vehicle and walk with it.



You are not permitted to drive down a one-way street the wrong way. We wouldn’t accept a car doing this, and your vehicle is no different. Similarly, drive on the right and keep to the right, including when going around roundabouts. Do not cut across lanes. Use the cycle lane, if provided.



Red lights at traffic signals mean you must stop. It doesn’t mean you can slow down and proceed, which also applies to road junctions protected by a STOP sign. You must stop and give way before proceeding.



Alcohol limits apply to all road users, but in the case of minors, the established maximum limit is zero.



You cannot use a mobile phone or wear headphones when riding a scooter, or any vehicle, as we have established.



E-scooters are not permitted on interurban roads, roads which connect towns, such as, for example, the N-332.



Finally, during bouts of poor visibility, you must wear high visibility clothing. You must also use lights, but the physical characteristics of these vehicles are something we have dealt with before, and you can read about on the website, n332.es



Above all, you must abide by all traffic rules, because, as we said at the beginning, you are in a vulnerable position and these traffic laws are designed to try to keep you and other road users safe. If you do abide by the rules, you can have a long and happy experience of using any of these new forms of urban mobility.

### Reminder: E-scooters Will Require Certification from This Month

Christmas is over and the January sales have started in Spain, but one thing to be aware of, which we have spoken about before, is that from this month, personal mobility vehicles (VMP), a classification which includes the popular electric scooters, or e-scooters, must be certified.



According to the new rule to be implemented this month, personal mobility vehicles (VMP) that are sold from January 22, 2024, must have a certificate that they are safe (for the driver and the rest of the user) and that they offer minimum guarantees of quality and durability.



Those sold until that date and that do not have that certification will only be able to be used until January 22, 2027. From then on, only those that are certified may be used.



One important takeaway from the legislation is that those vehicles without a certificate can still be sold until the cutoff date, but can then only be used until 2027, it is therefore possible that some of the models being sold off cheap in the sales will be like this, and therefore have a limited lifespan.



Of course, it is possible that those in the sales DO have the necessary certificate already, and so the point is that you should check before you buy, or you could be purchasing something that can only last 3 years.



There are also some of these “vehicles” sold, mostly online, that do not have the correct specifications to fall into the category of VMP and would therefore be illegal to use.



To clarify, according to the official characterisation, a VMP is a vehicle with one or more wheels and powered exclusively by electric motors (batteries up to 100 VDC and with an integrated charger of up to 240 VAC input) that can provide the vehicle with a maximum design speed comprised between 6 and 25 km/h and can only be equipped with a seat or saddle if they are equipped with self-balancing systems.



This definition excludes vehicles for people with reduced mobility, toys, pedal-assisted bicycles, and vehicles classified as 'L' according to EU Regulation 168/2013.



The VMPs, being self-propelled exclusively by an electric motor, have the 'Zero' emissions environmental classification and are exempt from having it visible.



The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has a webpage dedicated to the different models of VMP, which is www.dgt.es/vmp. It shows the brands and models already certified and that meet all the requirements set out in the Manual of characteristics of personal mobility vehicles, prepared by the DGT and published in the BOE of January 21, 2022.



It is also worth noting if you do buy one of these vehicles that they are prohibited from being ridden on pedestrian areas, including pedestrian crossings following the flow of people walking, interurban roads such as the N-332, and motorways, as well as through urban tunnels.



As they are considered vehicles for all purposes, their drivers are obliged to comply with all traffic rules, like everyone else. There are also additional requirements and restrictions.

### Weekend Road Forecast in Spain - 12 January 2024

On the roads of Spain, coinciding with the weekends of the winter months, an increase in traffic is expected on the main routes, national roads, and motorways towards rest areas, second homes and mountain areas for practicing winter sports.



FRIDAY



Movements out of large urban centres and increased circulation on the main communication routes towards rest areas, second homes and mountain areas, the least favourable time being between 7 and 9 p.m.



SATURDAY



Travel out of large urban centres, many of which will be short trips to recreation and leisure areas close to large towns, as well as increased circulation on the main communication routes to rest areas, second homes and mountain areas, the busiest times being between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m.



SUNDAY



Movements in the entrance direction to the large urban centres along the main communication road axes that channel the entire return movement, in particular on motorways, as well as along the access roads to areas of mountain with winter sports practice, at an unfavourable time between 6 and 10 p.m.



We have had snow already in some places, and more is forecast on Thursday. If you are going to the mountains, remember to take snow chains (click this link to browse snow chains on Amazon). If you come across a blue circular sign showing snow chains (see picture below), it is obligatory to have them fitted on your wheels before passing the sign. You are not permitted further without having them installed. It is both dangerous, and illegal.



Another top tip for driving in snow or ice conditions is to carry a bag of cat litter, which you can use as grit on the road to provide traction if you find yourself in a precarious location.



Live Updates



You can get live updates on both the weather and traffic situarions from AEMET and the DGT, respectively.




AEMET (Weather)



DGT Live Traffic in Spain

### Driving instructors blame driver training for increase in road traffic incidents in Spain

The employers' association of businesses dedicated to road education, the National Confederation of Driving Schools (CNAE), has reacted to the high traffic incident data corresponding to 2023 - 1,145 people died due to an incident - demanding that the Government change the training system in order to obtain a driving licence.



Enrique Lorca, president of CNAE, stated that “the fact that the number of deaths has only been reduced by three compared to 2022 implies that not enough has been done. This development disappoints us, but, unfortunately, it does not surprise us. For years, we have been warning that serious road incidents will not decrease significantly with the measures implemented so far, which have been effective, but are no longer enough.”



In this sense, the driving school employers - many of which are run by self-employed people - considered that "more can be done in terms of driver training, and nothing has been done to update the knowledge of those who" with decades behind the wheel. Furthermore, it would seem that we have settled into conformism, into resignation; A new push is needed to eradicate the plague of road incidents,” said Enrique Lorca.



For this reason, businesses dedicated to road safety education have asked the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) “to take a step forward” and introduce awareness modules for driving licence candidates, as well as profound changes in the exams, “which provide driving schools with teaching based on reasoning – not on simple memorisation of the rules –, capable of stimulating the perception of risk and prudence in the aspiring driver,” claimed the president of CNAE.



The small decrease in incident rates is especially pronounced in the case of motorcyclists. For this reason, the DGT has announced that drivers with a car licence (permit B) must take a course at a driving school starting this year to be able to drive motorcycles of up to 125 cubic centimetres, in addition to having a minimum of three years' licence. Until now, it was only necessary to comply with this latter requirement.



However, CNAE stressed the need to adopt other measures “so that all future drivers receive training up to the challenge of driving on conventional roads.”



Transportation is one of the sectors where the most self-employed workers suffer workplace incidents.



This is due, in part, to the fact that aspiring drivers “are reluctant to do internships on this type of road because they are not usually subject to examination.” For this reason, CNAE insisted on another of its proposals sent to the DGT to incorporate mandatory training accredited by the Traffic Department, which demonstrates that the aspiring driver has the knowledge, skills, and awareness necessary to travel on this type of road.



In summary, “what we cannot expect is for the road incidents, which cause so much pain, to resolve themselves. And it is obvious that, if we always do the same thing, we cannot expect different results,” Enrique Lorca concluded.

### New Year, New Risks!

The Christmas period is now over, and normally has once again hit us, as everyone returns to work and school, but for the latter, it may be with an added excitement, perhaps a touch of trepidation, and even, for some, an increased risk.



There are many young people who were visited by Santa, the Three Kings, or both, bearing gifts that they had been longing for, in recognition of their goodness throughout the year. For some of those recipients, the gifts will have taken the form of transportation devices. We are of course talking about anything from a skateboard or a pushbike, to an electric scooter (Personal Mobility Vehicle).



For some of the older teens, the gift may have taken the form of an actual scooter or moped, or even a quadricycle, but whereas these devices require licences and insurance, as well as training, the vehicles at the other end, bicycles, and electric scooters, do not require any kind of formal training.



This, unfortunately, poses a problem for all road users, and a heightened risk for those on these particularly vulnerable vehicles. Local Police officers in places, and indeed members of N332, do carry out educational and awareness campaigns for young people, but these campaigns are informal and not mandatory. And so, the biggest problem we will now see is more people on the road using these vehicles, without knowing the rules of the road.



The riders cannot be exclusively blamed for riding down a one-way street the wrong way, or on a pavement or crossing, nor can they be exclusively blamed for cutting across a roundabout or not stopping at a junction, when they might well be totally oblivious to the rules. Of course, ignorance is no defence, and yes, they should take it upon themselves to learn the basics at least, and yes, the parents should also feel obliged in the interest of keeping their child safe, but the reality is that all too often this does not happen.



However, this note is in no way to try and shoulder blame on anyone, but rather to raise awareness of the increase in risk that these vulnerable road users face, because they are not protected by a strong metal shell but are exposed to the dangers that moving in traffic pose.



Therefore, please be aware of their vulnerability, whatever your personal opinion might be. Be patient, considerate, and, above all, give these vehicles the necessary space on the roads before and whilst you overtake. The minimum separation distance is set for a reason, safety, and it is mandatory.  



Yes, despite their perhaps ignorance, the users of these vehicles will face the consequences if they are found to be breaking the law, but so will an experienced, qualified and licenced driver, who should know better.

### Criminal organisation dedicated to obtaining driving licences illegally dismantled

The Guardia Civil and the Municipal Police of Madrid, within the framework of operation CARSHINOVEL, arrested 18 people belonging to a criminal organisation dedicated to obtaining driving licences fraudulently.



The organisation impersonated people who, because they did not have the necessary knowledge to obtain a class “B” driving licence, paid other people to falsify their identity documents and take the exams.



Those interested who wanted to obtain a driving licence contacted, either through social networks or through trusted people, the members of the criminal organisation. They asked for their identity document and a financial amount that ranged between 400 or 500 euro.



Next, the organisation falsified the identity document of the person who had to take the exam, either in its entirety or by only replacing the photograph with that of the impersonator. They were normally people with similar biometric features and who would take the theoretical exam in their own location. Once the exam was completed, the impersonated person paid the entire agreed amount, a total of between €1,500 and €2,000.



It should be noted that the impersonators had sufficient knowledge and passed the theoretical exams, in some cases in up to six minutes. Normally they took one exam a week, but some of them took exams two or three times in a week.



Likewise, to recover the driving licence due to the total loss of points, they followed a procedure similar to the previous one, in which they requested a certain amount of money and in collusion with a driving school, it would issue the certificates of completion of the driving courses, without having attended said courses.



The operation has been carried out in different Spanish provinces, where the impersonators went to take the theoretical exam, proceeding to enter and search three homes, two in Madrid and one in El Ferrol (A Coruña). The searches in Madrid have been carried out in a driving school and two hospitality establishments, where the procedures for falsifying documents were carried out.



During the searches, numerous computer equipment was seized, as well as mobile phones, where they made and falsified the identity documents that were delivered by the impersonated people.



It should be noted that one of the detainees was taking the driving test after having passed the theoretical part illegally.



The operation remains open for the location, after the analysis of the seized material and those documents that have been found, in order to assess a revocation of the driving licence of those people who have obtained it through this criminal organisation.

### Don’t Drink and Drive!

As we are now in the middle of the immediate Christmas period, we are turning our attention once again to alcohol, because, as parties and celebrations continue, especially for New Year, it is important to stress that when it comes to driving, the only safe level of alcohol is ZERO.



Alcohol is one of the risk factors most frequently involved in traffic incidents and collisions, and because the consumption of alcohol is a choice, that factor which is present in between 30% and 50% of fatal incidents can so easily be avoided. In other words, many deaths and serious life-changing injuries can be avoided if we all consume alcohol responsibly and never drive under the influence.



Alcohol is a psychoactive substance very present in our society, its consumption is associated with multiple and serious pathologies. It is a problem about which there is not enough awareness in relation to the harm it causes, both in terms of health and in family, work, social relationships, etc. There is a dose-response relationship between alcohol consumption and the frequency and severity of many diseases. At higher levels of consumption, there is a higher rate of certain diseases such as liver cirrhosis, or some types of cancer, and of work, domestic and traffic incidents.



Alcohol is a depressant of the Central Nervous System that alters both the ability and attitude to drive and increases the risk of being involved in a traffic incident. In its first phase, it produces a euphoric effect, which leads to loss of control, reduces the perception of risk, modifies behaviour, and impairs psychomotor function, all of which alters the ability to drive a vehicle.



There is a perception that incident risk is only associated with very high levels of consumption, but its negative effects on driving ability are observed even at low levels of consumption. As the amount of alcohol in the body increases, so does the risk of an incident: with a blood alcohol level of 0.5 g of ethanol per litre of blood, the risk of suffering a collision is multiplied by two, and with 0.8 g /l the risk is 5 times greater and continues to increase as the blood alcohol level increases. Not only does the risk of suffering an incident increase, so does the risk of suffering injuries and the likelihood of them being fatal.



The risk is even greater in young drivers, where inexperience with alcohol is combined with inexperience in driving, a fact that justifies the legislator having established in the norm, lower alcohol levels for novice drivers, and a zero rate for minors, although, again, the only safe level is zero for all drivers.



We should also realise that if drinking and driving becomes habitual, it is only a matter of time before you are involved in an incident. Routine leads to complacency, complacency leads to risk, added to the already present diminished ability the alcohol causes.



The blood alcohol level represents the volume of alcohol in the blood and is measured in grams of alcohol per litre of blood (g/l) or its equivalent in exhaled air.



According to current legislation, the maximum blood alcohol levels allowed for drivers in Spain are the:




General drivers: 0,5 g/l of blood, 0,25 mg/l expelled air.



Novice and professional drivers: 0,3 g/l of blood, 0,15 mg/l expelled air.



Minors: Zero.




Even below the legal limit, the risk of an incident will already be increased. Therefore, it is best to avoid driving after consuming any amount of alcohol. The only truly safe rate is 0.0 g/l.

### Carrying your Christmas Presents Safely

Last week we featured some of the most precious cargo we can carry in our cars, in the shape of tiny humans, or babies and young children to be precise, and carrying on with our Christmas theme, this week we will look at how Santa should be carrying all of those presents, and, more importantly, how you should carry them safely and legally.



On previous occasions, Santa has been observed carrying goods which are not secure in his vehicle, which is a practice that is not allowed as it is dangerous. Incidentally, Santa has also been observed not wearing a seat belt, but we will talk about that on another occasion.



Carrying anything in the vehicle poses a risk, which can be reduced if we keep it secure. That’s why, for example, carrying your shopping on the back seat of the car is never a good idea. In the event of a collision, or even sudden braking, the items can become projectiles and shoot forward, causing any amount of personal or material damage. This applies to Santa and his loose items too.



Carrying loose items like this can lead to a fine of 200 euro, which includes your supermarket purchases, which many people, oblivious to the danger, do on a daily basis, and includes any item that Santa or his little helpers haven’t secured.



This infraction is reflected in article 14 of the General Traffic Regulations (RGC). It says that the cargo transported in a vehicle must not "drag, fall totally or partially or move in a dangerous way." In that same section it is specified that the load cannot “compromise the stability of the vehicle” or it can involve a fine of 200 euro.



That is the reason why whatever you are transporting in your vehicle, it must be secure. The boot is the best place for carrying goods of course, although you can also benefit, at times, from a mesh in some vehicles.



In simple terms, everything you carry in your vehicle must be secure.



Going back to Santa for a moment, and if you have been a very good little girl or boy this year and are hoping for lots of presents, then Santa really must consider multiple trips, as should you, as driving with an overloaded vehicle can also lead to a fine, not only for the considerations of weight and stability, but limiting mobility or hindering the driver's vision also carries a fine of 200 euro.



In addition, carrying a heavily loaded car also carries other risks, such as an object falling onto the road. The fine for this amounts to 500 euro, since it poses a danger to other users.



So, Santa, stay safe out there. We know you know where we live, and we will be tucked up in bed waiting for you to deliver. For everyone else, stay safe in this festive season and be sure that anything you carry is secure.

### Tips for Preventing Falls in Seniors

Falls are a common health problem among older people and can have serious consequences. The traumatology specialists at Quirónsalud Torrevieja explain how to deal with these incidents with our relatives.



Risk Factors for Falls in Older Adults



There are multiple factors that contribute to the high frequency of falls, including:



Intrinsic or person-related factors:




Older age: The older a person is, the greater the risk of falling.



Previous history of falls: Those who have suffered previous falls are at a higher risk of falling again.



Muscle weakness and loss of balance: Decreased muscle strength and the ability to maintain balance increase the propensity for falls.



Vision problems: Poor vision, eye disorders, and untreated eye diseases increase the risk of falls.



Hearing problems: Hearing loss can affect the ability to detect and respond to auditory warning cues in the environment.




Factors related to diseases and health conditions:




Chronic diseases.



Use of medications.



Environmental factors:




-Obstacles in the environment: Loose carpeting, loose wires, poorly placed furniture, and other obstacles in the home increase the risk of trips and falls.



Slippery floors: Slippery surfaces in bathrooms, kitchens, and outdoor areas without proper safety measures can increase the risk of falls.



Inadequate lighting: Poor or uneven lighting makes it difficult to perceive obstacles and can lead to falls.




Lifestyles & Behaviours:




Lack of physical activity: Inactivity can lead to muscle weakness, impaired balance, and decreased mobility, increasing the risk of falls.



Alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can affect balance and coordination, increasing the risk of falls.



It is important to note that these risk factors do not act in isolation, but often interact and enhance each other.



"Identifying and addressing these risk factors can be essential to prevent falls in older people and promote healthy aging," explain the experts at Quirónsalud Torrevieja.



How can falls be prevented in older people?



Preventing falls in seniors is a crucial approach to maintaining their health, safety, and quality of life.



Quirónsalud specialists recommend some effective strategies to prevent falls:



Regular physical activity: Promoting an active lifestyle and performing exercises that improve balance, muscle strength, and flexibility can significantly reduce the risk of falls. Activities such as walking, tai chi, yoga, or strengthening exercises are beneficial. It is recommended that seniors consult with a healthcare professional before beginning any exercise program.



Medication review and adjustment: It is important for older adults to review their medications regularly with their doctor or pharmacist, as certain medications can cause dizziness, drowsiness, or imbalance, increasing the risk of falls. The dose may need to be adjusted or the medication changed if necessary.



-Assessment and improvement of the home environment: It is critical that the home environment is safe and accessible.



-Regular vision and hearing tests: Maintaining good visual and hearing health is essential for spotting obstacles and warning signs in the environment. Have regular eye and hearing exams and wear appropriate glasses or hearing aids if needed.



-Proper use of mobility aids: If the use of canes, walkers, or other mobility aids is required, it is important that they are properly adjusted and used correctly.



-Proper diet and nutrition: Maintaining a balanced and adequate diet can contribute to bone and muscle health, helping to prevent falls. Make sure you have an adequate intake of calcium, vitamin D, and other essential nutrients.



-Education and awareness: Providing information to seniors about fall risk factors, preventative measures, and strategies to stay safe can help increase awareness and encourage safe behaviours.



What are the consequences of falls in older adults?



Falls in older adults can have a variety of consequences that affect both physical health and quality of life, including:



-Physical injuries: Falls can lead to serious injuries, such as broken bones, especially in the hip, wrist, and spine. These injuries may require surgery, hospitalisation, and lengthy rehabilitation. Even minor injuries, such as sprains and contusions, can limit a person's mobility and functional ability.



Chronic pain: Injuries resulting from a fall can lead to chronic pain, especially in older people who already suffer from conditions such as arthritis. Chronic pain can negatively affect quality of life and limit the ability to participate in daily activities.



Fear of falling again: After a fall, many seniors develop a significant fear of falling again. This fear can lead to reduced physical activity, social isolation, and decreased quality of life. In addition, the fear of falling can increase the risk of future falls due to inactivity and the resulting muscle weakness.



Dependency and loss of autonomy: Severe injuries caused by a fall can lead to loss of independence and the need for assistance in activities of daily living. Dependency on caring for others can have a significant emotional impact on older adults, leading to frustration, sadness, and decreased self-esteem.



-Additional health complications: Falls can trigger additional health complications, such as prolonged immobility, pressure ulcers, respiratory infections, and mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety.



Economic and social costs: Falls in older adults also have economic and social implications. Hospitalisations, medical treatments, and rehabilitation can lead to high health care costs. In addition, falls can lead to a decrease in social participation, affecting personal relationships and community integration.



How to Make Your Home Safer and Reduce the Risk of Falls



Removing obstacles and maintaining order



Remove loose rugs or secure them with double-sided tape.



Make sure there are no loose electrical wires or in passageways.



Avoid clutter in hallways and transit areas.



Improve lighting



Make sure there is adequate lighting in all areas of the home, especially in hallways, stairwells, and bathrooms.



Install nightlights in bedrooms, hallways, and bathrooms for easy visibility at night.



Use easily accessible light switches and add additional lighting if needed.



Securing the stairs



Install secure handrails on both sides of stairs, secured firmly to the wall.



Place anti-slip strips on the steps to improve traction.



Keep stairs clear of objects or debris.



Improve bathroom safety



Install grab bars in the shower, bathtub and near the toilet to provide additional stability.



Use non-slip mats in the bathtub or shower.



Make sure bathroom floors are dry and free of water or moisture.



Making Adjustments in the Bedroom



Place a bedside lamp near the bed for easy access to lighting.



Make sure the bed is at an appropriate height to make it easier to get in and out.



Keep everyday items within easy reach and avoid the need to reach or climb on furniture to reach them.



Use mobility aids:



If necessary, use canes, walkers, or other assistive walking devices. It is important that these devices are properly adjusted and used correctly.



Keeping the floor safe



Use non-slip surfaces on slippery floors, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor areas.



Immediately clean up any spilled liquid or wet surface.



Avoid excessive waxing on floors, as it can make them slippery.



Maintain open communication



Encourage open communication between family members and caregivers about safety concerns and needs in the home.



Conduct regular home checks to identify potential risks and take preventative measures.

### Baby Jesus is Preparing to Leave Hospital by Car

Whether you believe in the story or not is not important, because for our Christmas story, we are going to bring the tail of this celebrated birth right up to date, and assume Jesus was born today, and now, is set to be taken home from the hospital by Mary and Joseph, in their automobile.



Okay, we admit it, we are using the time of year to make an important point about children in cars, and the need for them to be carried safely, and, therefore, legally.



First of all, Mary should not carry baby Jesus in her arms in the car, as it is prohibited, and puts the child at considerable risk in the event of a collision. Baby Jesus must be secured in an approved retention device.



Children measuring less than 135 cm in height (which would obviously include newborns) must always travel by car restrained by approved restraint devices.



They must travel in the rear seats of the car, except when this is impossible and there is no choice but to use the front passenger seat (for example, when the car has only two seats or when the rear seats are already occupied by other devices for children).



There are two types of restraint systems on the market for transporting babies of a few months in the car: carrycots and baby carriers. Regardless of the type you choose, make sure it is approved according to one of these two regulations (you will know this by an orange label that will be attached):



The old regulation is ECE-R44-04. Devices approved under this standard cannot be sold after the end of 2024, but those that have been sold until then can continue to be used. This standard divides seats based on the weight of the child. For newborn babies, those that can be used are those that include group 0, that is: group 0 (for children up to 10 kg in weight), group 0+ (for children up to 13 kg in weight), group 0+ /1 (for children up to 18 kg in weight).



The new standard approved a few years ago is R129. In it, the restraint devices are approved depending on the height of the child, and there are no fixed groups. For newborns, the chairs that can be used are those in the lower range of the child's height, which starts at 40 or 45 centimetres.



Carrycots



It should be noted that only a few carrycots are approved to be used in the car. They must be provided with a harness to hold the child so that he does not get thrown around.



If you buy it new, the store will tell you which models are for the car. If you have bought it second-hand (not recommended without knowing its origin and condition) or it has been lent or given to you, you can know if it is approved for the car by looking for the orange approval label, which must be attached to the carrycot.



Advantages



The baby travels in a horizontal position, which is the best position during the first weeks of life.



They have a double function, since with the wheels attached, they also serve as a comfortable stroller where the child can sleep.



Disadvantages



It is most unsafe in the event of a frontal collision (the most dangerous). The best position to avoid damage in this type of impact is rear facing.



It takes up two seats in the car, so it can be a problem in the case of larger families.



Baby carrier



They are seats for children that are placed in the rear facing direction and that, normally, can also be attached to strollers. The normal age range is from birth until the baby is about 18 months.



Advantages



It is a safe way to travel when the baby is very small.



They take up less space in the car than a carrycot.



Disadvantages



They support the child's head well, but in the first weeks of life, the ideal position for traveling is horizontal, and in these chairs, it is not possible to lie them down completely.



Car seats for a wide age range



There are seats that are approved for a wide age range: from birth to 4 years, up to 7 years or even until the child measures 150 cm, that is, devices that cover the entire period of use of the child in a single product. They are necessarily installed rear-facing during the child's first stage of growth (until one and a half or two years old). Afterwards, you can normally choose to travel rear-facing or forward-facing until the child is 4 years old, and you travel forward-facing from that age onwards.



Advantages



Saving money by purchasing a single product and not several.



Better use of resources (fewer seats to manufacture and recycle).



Disadvantages



In general, they are not considered as safe as other options, especially those that cover a very large range of use.



They tend to be more difficult to install.



Installation: with or without isofix?



Baby carriers and carrycots can usually be purchased with an Isofix base that is permanently installed in the car with the included Isofix anchors. To place the seat, you will simply have to place it on the base where some anchors keep it firmly attached. To undock it, simply press a button or other actuation and pull the chair. This makes it much easier to get babies in and out of the car. In addition, they can usually also be used in the stroller structure, so it will be very easy for you to quickly transfer the seat from the car to the stroller and vice versa.



Most carrycots and baby carriers with Isofix can also be installed without this base, securing them with the adult seat belt. This way, you can use them in a second car without having to uninstall the base, although tests show that they are safer with the base.

### It’s Better to Arrive Late than Not at All!

The millions of trips that will take place by road in the coming weeks to meet with family and friends, leads the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) to once again stress the importance of taking care when driving.



This year, the annual awareness campaign is focused on one of the most important trips of the year: that of Santa Claus from his residence in Lapland to the homes of all the boys and girls who look forward to his visit.



On this occasion, the arrival of Santa Claus is delayed more than expected and he does not come to the homes of the little ones like every Christmas Eve, an unprecedented fact to which no one has an answer and which opens the news of all the media.



Finally, and hours late, Santa Claus ends up arriving at the homes of all the boys and girls giving an important lesson: "Being late is better than not being there, even at Christmas."



With a friendly tone and playing with the illusion of the arrival of Santa Claus by the little ones and his extrapolation to the world of adults when they wait for their loved ones to meet again, the DGT once again reminds us of the importance of compliance with traffic rules. Answering a call while driving, looking at WhatsApp, having a drink or stepping on the accelerator more than is allowed are just some of the facts that can truncate the reunion of many families.



For the campaign, several audiovisual pieces can be seen on television, cinemas and social networks. Two radio spots have also been created, where two children (Alexandra and Pepe) are the protagonists, advising Santa Claus not to run, that it is better to arrive late than not arrive at all. Pieces have also been made for outdoor, digital and print media.



Likewise, a page has been created in which an attempt is made to raise awareness with messages to the different users of the responsibility required when the same limited space is shared and in which the behaviour of each person has consequences on the rest of the road users.




https://youtu.be/6L896YsCVP8

### Types of Dementia in Older People: Signs You Shouldn't Ignore

Dr. Mirko Alavena, Neurologist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, answers the most frequently asked questions about the types of dementia in the elderly and offers advice on how to live with it.



Types of dementia, what are they?



"Dementia is a loss of mental faculties due  to damage to the brain, which results in an inability to live independently," explains Dr. Alavena.



Damage to the brain can have different causes, although in the elderly the most common are neurodegenerative diseases and vascular injuries.



What are the symptoms of each type of dementia?



The specialist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja emphasizes the following types of dementia:



Alzheimer's



The most common neurodegenerative disease that causes dementia in the elderly is Alzheimer's, whose main symptom is memory loss.



Initially, short-term memory is affected; But over time, other functions of thought such as language, reasoning, manipulation of objects, etc., deteriorate.



There are many other neurodegenerative dementias in which the impairment of memory is not as marked, but other brain functions are. For example: frontotemporal dementia, which affects language and reasoning. Lewy body dementia, which presents fluctuations and hallucinations, dementia associated with Parkinson's, posterior cortical atrophy, primary progressive aphasia...



Vascular dementia



There is also vascular dementia, which is caused by heart attacks and/or haemorrhages that destroy scattered brain regions and can have very varied symptoms that generally evolve in a staggered manner.



Other less common types of dementia are those caused by normotensive hydrocephalus, tumour lesions or haemorrhages external to the brain, autoimmune diseases, prion diseases, atypical parkinsonism, Wernicke-Korsakoff, etc.



What are the causes of the different types of dementia in the elderly population?



The most common cause is neurodegenerative; at the base of diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, frontotemporal dementia, Lewy body dementia, atypical parkinsonism, etc. Although it is known that there are abnormal protein deposits that intoxicate and destroy neurons, the origin or trigger is not clear.



The next most common cause is vascular, which is related to cerebral infarctions or haemorrhages due to the progressive accumulation of lesions in the blood vessels. They may be related to treatable vascular risk factors (blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, smoking), but there are also other non-modifiable factors.



Other less common causes are normotensive hydrocephalus in adults, brain tumours and hematomas external to the brain, prion diseases, or autoimmune diseases. Chronic syphilis infection is also seen less and less.



How are different types of dementia diagnosed and evaluated in the elderly?



Dementia can be diagnosed with a brief interview with the patient. However, incipient cases ("mild cognitive impairment") sometimes require a more complete evaluation of cognitive functions in order to be detected, confirmed, and categorized.



Once cognitive impairment is confirmed, imaging tests (CT, MRI) and laboratory tests are requested to rule out lesions such as tumours, haemorrhages, heart attacks, vitamin deficiencies, metabolic alterations, or infections.



Neurodegenerative diseases can only be verified by observing brain tissue under a microscope, which is not possible in life without injuring the patient.



Currently, there are nuclear medicine tests (SPECT and PET) and cerebrospinal fluid studies (lumbar puncture) that can detect both the loss of activity in various areas of the brain, as well as the deposit of some abnormal proteins in it. Through these tests, it is possible to have greater certainty when giving a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease.



What is the impact of dementia on the quality of life of the elderly and their caregivers?



It depends on many factors, including things like previous personality or environment.



Some people with dementia can be very docile and kind, while others can be demanding and even aggressive. This even with the same diagnosis.



In general, in Alzheimer's, patients deny the impairment of memory, but they make mistakes, misplace things, and blame their caregivers. Sometimes they can also leave the house and wander aimlessly. They are very vulnerable to malicious deceptions. They can also get involved in domestic accidents or medication errors.



In frontotemporal dementia there may be people who are able to refute and argue with correct information, but whose behaviour is totally inappropriate and sometimes even dangerous. There are cases that wreak havoc with your assets before they are suspected of having a problem.



In Lewy body dementia, people's hallucinations can be very worrisome. There are fluctuations that confuse caregivers, as they can intersperse days of apparent lucidity with others of clear disorientation. They also tend to associate sleep disorders, to the point of sleeping during the day and being agitated at night. It's also common for them to have balance problems and fall.



Vascular dementias can have very diverse symptoms, depending on where in the brain the lesions are present, explains Dr. Alavena.

### What Happens at an Alcohol or Drugs Check in Spain

Here is a simple guide to what happens at an alcohol or drugs check in Spain, although it could vary.



To do the breathalyser test, the officer hands a breathalyser to the driver. This device detects the concentration of alcohol in expired air. To reduce the margin of error, two types are used: one more sensitive and the other more specific.



The driver breathes in and out the air in the breathalyser. If the rate is negative (0-0.25 mg/l), the officer will allow the driver to continue driving. If it is positive (+0.25 mg/l), the driver can ask for a blood confirmation and the vehicle will be immobilised. Depending on the rate, it will carry a fine and loss of points, and in the most severe cases, can lead to prison.



To perform the drugs test, the driver gives a saliva sample, which is collected in a special capsule. A device analyses it and, if the result is positive, a second sample is taken and sent to a laboratory for analysis. The positive laboratory test will serve to establish the sanction and identifies five types of substances: amphetamines, cocaine, methamphetamines, cannabis, and opiates.



Driving with an alcohol level of between 0.25 mg/l and 0.50 mg/l or with a rate of between 0.15 and 0.30 mg/l is also punished with the loss of four points and a fine of 500 euro. in the case of professional drivers and drivers with a licence for less than two years, infractions that can also constitute a criminal offence.



Driving with a level of alcohol greater than 0.50 mg/l in exhaled air, driving with the presence of drugs in the body, refusing to take alcohol and drug tests or driving with a level greater than 0.30 mg/l in expired air if you are a professional driver or your licence is not more than 2 years old are behaviours punished with six points lost from the licence and a fine of 1,000 euro. In addition, these violations can be considered a criminal offence and can result in prison.



For under 18’s, the level is zero, but not consuming any alcohol or drugs should be the norm for all drivers.



Half of the drivers killed in traffic incidents test positive.

### Intensified checks for alcohol and drugs

In the run up to Christmas, when a large number of gatherings are held with family and friends in which alcohol is usually present, it is important to remember that, while driving, the only safe rate is 0.0%. That is why the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT), as part of a Europe-wide campaign, will focus the attention on the consumption of alcohol and drugs before driving.



For this reason, the director of the National Road Safety Observatory, Álvaro Gómez, presented the latest campaign which will run until Sunday, December 17, and in which will intensify surveillance on the risk posed by the combination of alcohol and/or drug consumption and driving.



In the presentation, Gómez recalled that "the consumption of alcohol and other drugs must be addressed through comprehensive public health policies. From the field of traffic and road safety, we will reinforce awareness and surveillance actions to reduce the impact on traffic accidents".



To do this, the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil (ATGC), as well as the local police forces that join the campaign, will establish different control points on all types of roads, as well as in urban areas, at any time of day with the aim of preventing people who have consumed alcohol or drugs from traveling on the roads.



Risk factor



Alcohol consumption remains the second most frequent concurrent cause in traffic incidents, having been present in 14% of traffic incidents with victims in 2022 and, as a concurrent factor, in 29% of those that recorded fatalities.



Furthermore, as can be seen in the 2022 Report on Toxicological Findings in Traffic Accident Victims prepared by the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences with the collaboration of the National Road Safety Observatory, more than half (51.9%) of the drivers who died on the road in 2022, who underwent an autopsy and a toxicological analysis, tested positive for alcohol, drugs or psychotropic drugs, alone or in combination. A worrying figure if we also take into account that it represents 2.5% more than the previous year.



The Report also highlights that 72.6% of the 451 deceased drivers with positive results had a very high blood alcohol level, equal to or greater than 1.2g/L, which correlates with degrees of very severe intoxication.



For its part, the Spanish Road Safety Strategy 2030 indicates as one of its strategic areas "Zero tolerance for risky behaviours", which identifies the behaviour of alcohol and other drug consumption as conduct contrary to road safety. Therefore, campaigns like this one, which increase the impact of surveillance through better planning and also enhance the surveillance of higher-risk behaviours through the application of new technologies, are priority lines of action.



Regulations on alcohol and drugs



As previously mentioned, the DGT insists once again on remembering that the only safe rate is 0.0% since, even with blood alcohol levels within the permitted legal margins, our risk of causing an incident can be seen to increase.



Furthermore, 0.0% is the rate, both in blood and exhaled air, that underage drivers who drive any vehicle must respect after the entry into force of the reform of the Traffic and Road Safety Law.



For its part, Chapter IV of Title XVII of the Penal Code classifies crimes against traffic safety and establishes the penalties for driving with excess alcohol or under the influence of toxic drugs, narcotics or psychotropic substances.







At this point, it is also important to highlight that, according to data from the Road Safety Prosecutor's Office for 2022, that year there was an uptick in road crime, which translated into 59,461 convictions for crimes of driving under the influence of alcohol and/or or drugs, the highest figure in the entire historical series since the reform of the Penal Code carried out by Organic Law 15/2007.



Specifically, last year the Public Prosecutor's Office presented a total of 105,078 indictments for dangerous road crimes, the courts handed down 104,660 convictions and 137,406 proceedings were initiated for crimes against road safety, which represents an increase of 9.1 % compared to the previous year.



Furthermore, since the entry into force of the Points Permit, around 13% of the offenders sanctioned and 13% of the points deducted have been related to the fact of driving with an alcohol level higher than the established one.

### Diabetes incidence increases by 42% in four years

Its increase is closely linked to the increase in obesity in the population



Diabetes is a leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, strokes, and lower limb amputation




Dr. Giselle Girón, endocrinologist  at the Obesity Unit of the Quirónsalud Valencia Hospital,  warns that  the number of people with diabetes has increased by 42% since 2019, which means it already affects one in seven adults and places us with the second highest rate in Europe.



 Diabetes, as explained by Dr. Jorge Cid, a specialist in endocrinology  at Quirónsalud Torrevieja  and the Obesity Unit at Quirónsalud Alicante, "cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus have skyrocketed due to its close relationship with obesity which, although by itself is not   a cause of diabetes, but is an important contributing factor for its appearance". 



As specialist Georgio Kyriacos, endocrinologist at Quirónsalud Murcia, clarifies,  "the more overweight, the higher the amount of fat in the body that produces an increase in insulin resistance. As a result, muscle, fat and liver cells do not respond well to insulin and cannot absorb glucose from the blood easily and blood sugar rises. The pancreas, in an attempt to reduce this glycemia, generates more and more insulin until it is exhausted and does not produce large amounts of this hormone, causing hyperglycaemia and consequently diabetes."



Main diseases associated with diabetes



Diabetes is a leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, strokes, and lower limb amputations. "Likewise," adds Dr. Girón, " poorly controlled diabetes increases the chances of complications and is the cause of premature death, as well as an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, especially those with poor glycaemic control."



Along these lines, Dr. Cid also warns that "diabetes  increases the risk of dementia and depression and increases the risk of bone diseases, including osteoporosis, and of skin and mouth diseases, including gum disease with the consequent loss of teeth."  



Regular check-ups for the care of the diabetic patient



Regular check-ups are essential to prevent organ complications caused by diabetes. Quirónsalud specialists recommend that diabetics undergo the following check-ups on a regular basis:




Complete foot check-up



Go to the ophthalmology specialist for a fundus study



Laboratory tests to assess glycaemic control, renal and liver function



Complete Dental Exam




And remember, if in doubt, consult a specialist.

### Major traffic flow operation begins Tuesday for the holiday

In order to control the movement of vehicles during this week of holidays in Spain, the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) will be running a special operation from Tuesday to Sunday to ensure the safety of the 8 million trips expected.



The traffic regulation, planning and surveillance measures will be maintained from 3:00 p.m. on Tuesday, December 5, until midnight on Sunday, the 10th.



The campaign is for the national festivities of the Constitution and the Immaculate Conception that are celebrated on Wednesday and Friday.



The operation, which will be active until midnight on Sunday, December 10, will cover the 7,830,000 long-distance trips planned for these upcoming holidays throughout the Spanish road network, a figure that represents an increase of 17.13 % with respect to the actual data for 2022 and 10.04% if we compare it with the last year (2017) in which the festivities coincided with a Wednesday and a Friday, the same as on this occasion.



To cover all these movements, which will significantly affect roads whose destination is mountain areas for practicing winter sports, but also others whose destination are tourist rest areas and second homes such as the coast, the DGT has prepared a special operation that includes regulation, planning and surveillance measures that guarantee mobility and fluidity on the roads and, at the same time, ensure road safety.



Special device of the DGT for the Constitution-Immaculate bridge 2023



As usual, the operation has the maximum availability of the human resources available to the Agency (agents from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, civil servants from the 8 Traffic Management Centres and personnel in charge of maintaining equipment and the installation of road measures, in addition to the emergency services personnel), as well as its material resources (780 fixed speed control radars, of which 92 are section ones, 545 mobile radars that can be on board Guardia Civil vehicles, 245 cameras and 15 camouflaged vans to control the use of cell phones and seat belts).



The DGT also has helicopters and drones for surveillance from the air and unmarked vehicles and motorcycles that will circulate on all types of roads in order to check the correct behaviour of drivers while driving.



Forecasts and measures



As the festivities are celebrated on Wednesday and Friday, this will mean that the departure from the large urban centres will take place in two phases: the first and most significant on Tuesday the 5th (between 5:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m.) and Wednesday the 6th (from 10:00 a.m. to 2 p.m.), for the beginning of the long weekend period and, the second, on Thursday the 7th (between 6 p.m. and 10 p.m.) and Friday the 8th (from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.), for the beginning of the holiday and the end of week. For its part, the return will be focused mainly on Sunday the 10th, mainly between 4 p.m. and 11 p.m.



On the rest of the intermediate days, in addition to long-distance movements, there will also be short movements in an alternating exit-entry direction coinciding with holidays.



For all these reasons, to promote circulation in the most conflictive areas on each of these six days, the DGT has planned, among other regulation and planning measures, the installation of reversible and additional lanes with cones during the hours of greatest traffic flow and the establishment of alternative itineraries. Likewise, road works will be paralysed, the holding of sports events and other events that involve the occupation of the road will be limited, and the circulation of trucks in general and those transporting certain goods will be restricted on certain sections, dates and times.



The established device can be consulted in the "Special Operations" section at www.dgt.es/conoce-el-estado-del-trafico/recomendaciones-de-trafico/ .







Basic rules before going on a trip



Although it may sound repetitive, it is important to remember the recommendations that the DGT makes for trips such as those planned for these days:



Get the car ready with a check that guarantees that all elements resist the most severe environmental conditions that low temperatures imply: brakes, lighting, tyres, etc.



Plan the trip along the safest route to avoid unforeseen events and find out about the state of the roads through the Twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes, the news bulletins on radio and television, as well as by calling 011.



Avoid distractions, putting your mobile phone in airplane mode, wearing your seat belt and children securely anchored in their child restraint systems, respecting the speed established on the road and adapting it to the conditions of the road and, of course, not getting behind the wheel if you have consumed alcohol or other drugs.



In addition, on these long weekend days, driving may have to be carried out under adverse weather conditions, such as snow, ice, fog, rain and wind.



Driving like this not only increases nervous tension and visual fatigue, which leads to a decrease in attention, but it also significantly alters the conditions under which circulation develops, while generating greater difficulties than expected on the road trip.



As all these inconveniences can occur unexpectedly at any time during the trip, it is important to always keep in mind the two basic rules for driving, such as prevention and prudence, which will allow us to make the road trip in the best road safety conditions.

### New E-scooters Require Certification from January

Personal mobility vehicles (VMP), including the popular electric scooters, or e-scooters, that are sold from January 22, 2024, must have a certificate that they are safe (for the driver and the rest of the user) and that they offer minimum guarantees of quality and durability. Those sold until that date and that do not have that certification will only be able to be used until January 22, 2027. From then on, only those that are certified may be used. It is therefore important to note that if you buy one in the runup to Christmas that does not have the mandatory certificate, it will have a limited life.



The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) wanted to remind everyone of this requirement in conjunction with Black Friday and the Cyber Week retail events, when many consumers consider buying an electric scooter as a gift for Christmas. To clarify things, it is recommended to consult the web address www.dgt.es/vmp. It shows the brands and models already certified and that meet all the requirements set out in the Manual of characteristics of personal mobility vehicles, prepared by the DGT and published in the BOE of January 21, 2022.



WHAT IS A VMP?



A VMP is a vehicle with one or more wheels and powered exclusively by electric motors (batteries up to 100 VDC and with an integrated charger of up to 240 VAC input) that can provide the vehicle with a maximum design speed comprised between 6 and 25 km/h and can only be equipped with a seat or saddle if they are equipped with self-balancing systems.



This definition excludes vehicles for people with reduced mobility, toys, pedal-assisted bicycles, and vehicles classified as 'L' according to EU Regulation 168/2013.



The VMPs, being self-propelled exclusively by an electric motor, have the 'Zero' emissions environmental classification and are exempt from having it visible.



The circulation of these vehicles is prohibited on pedestrian areas, including pedestrian crossings following the flow of people walking, interurban roads such as the N-332, and motorways, as well as through urban tunnels.



As they are considered vehicles for all purposes, their drivers are obliged to comply with all traffic rules, like everyone else. There are also additional requirements and restrictions.

### Men's Health Month: When should men get a checkup?

Quirónsalud joins the Movember initiative to raise awareness about prostate cancer, testicular cancer and mental health in men



November is Men's Health Month. This initiative, promoted by Movember, aims to address men's health issues, such as prostate cancer, testicular cancer, mental health and suicide prevention.



The movement began in Australia in 2003, when a group of friends decided to grow their moustaches in the month of November as a way to raise funds and awareness about prostate cancer and testicular cancer.



What started as a local initiative has grown into a global phenomenon that has raised millions of dollars for charities and inspired men around the world to get involved.



The reality is that men die, on average, 4.5 years earlier than women, from causes that are primarily preventable. For this reason, Quirónsalud has joined this movement, with the aim of focusing on the importance of prevention. Drs. Alejandro Pascual and Alexandr Zhiganov and Dr. Amparo Míguez, have provided fundamental information on prevention and check-ups of men's health.



Dr. Zhiganov, specialist in general medicine and coordinator  of check-ups at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, stresses the importance of medical check-ups at different stages of life.



According to World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines, the frequency of checkups varies depending on age and individual risk factors.



Dr. Zhiganov explains that, generally speaking, it is recommended to have a check-up every four years before the age of 40, then every two years until the age of 60, and finally, one year after this age.



However, it indicates that the individual situation of each person (tobacco use, alcohol, etc.), as well as a family history of hereditary diseases, can influence the frequency of check-ups.



What does a medical check-up consist of?



The medical check-up is a process that consists of several stages, such as a personal interview with the doctor to learn about the medical history and current lifestyle habits, and a general examination to assess the state of health and detect possible pathologies or risk situations.



When to see a urologist?



For her part, Dr. Amparo Míguez, urologist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, stresses that prevention is the best medicine "all men should have urological check-ups once a year when they pass the threshold of 45 or 50 years (if they do not have hereditary risk factors), because at this age some pathologies related to the natural aging process begin to develop".



According to the expert, these check-ups are key to early diagnosis and treatment of serious problems, some of which are asymptomatic until they are already in an advanced stage, such as prostate cancer.



The specialist in urology at Quirónsalud Torrevieja indicates that "you must go to the urologist in the event of any symptoms, pain or discomfort in the genito-urinary area, changes in the organolectic characteristics (smell, colour, appearance ,...) of urine, or suspicion of some genital expansive process that is developing and that could have been discovered/identified in the self-examination."



The doctor explains that the main urological problems in young people between 18-20 years old can arise from their adolescence and are related to the beginning of sexual life. More broadly, between the ages of 18 and 30, "it is common for the urologist to treat urinary tract infections, kidney stones, sexually transmitted diseases/infections (STDs/STIs) and, in some cases of men, erectile dysfunction (ED) issues."



In addition, Míguez specifies that "testicular cancer develops at an early age, so young people must be alerted to go to the urologist if any abnormality is discovered in the testicles". Testicular cancer is the second most common cancer among young men worldwide.



However, the specialist stresses that men go to the urologist for the first time between the ages of 45 and 50 for their general check-up if they do not have any symptoms. "They especially come if certain lower urinary tract (LUTS) symptoms have begun to appear, for example, getting up at night to urinate (nocturia) or that the urine stream has less strength and calibre. But among the most serious are prostate diseases, especially prostate cancer."



How is prostate cancer diagnosed?



There are two common tests for initial detection and, depending on the result of these tests, a biopsy will be performed.



For the diagnosis, PSA will be performed, a blood test that looks for the presence in the blood of a protein specifically produced by prostate cells. "It is the prostate marker, it is not specific for cancer, but it allows its levels to be monitored throughout the adult life of the male. If it rises, it's an indicator that further investigation is needed." Even so, according to the specialist, the digital rectal exam is still an important tool in the physical examination to complete the diagnosis.



Urological check-ups over 60 years old



At this stage of life, the most common problems are usually related to lower urinary tract symptoms due to prostatic obstruction and erectile dysfunction.



The urologist also points out Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), "a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate, which becomes more prevalent after the age of 60." Prostate cancer, on the other hand, "is a cancer that affects men from the age of 50 and is uncommon in the 40s, being almost non-existent before," the doctor points out.



Cardiology check-ups



A cardiovascular check-up is a medical check-up that consists of determining the state of the heart and circulatory system in order to identify the main causes of coronary risk.



Current recommendations state that men over the age of 45 should have their cardiovascular risk assessed.



Dr. Alejandro Pascual, head  of Cardiology at Quirónsalud Alicante,  explains that in this review, an assessment should be carried out aimed at looking for cardiological symptoms or cardiovascular disease, as well as a clinical and analytical assessment in search of the presence of cardiovascular risk factors.



All this to prevent cardiovascular diseases such as high blood pressure, dyslipidaemia or diabetes mellitus.



How often should I have a cardiovascular check-up?



According to the expert, we should assess cardiovascular risk every five years, "or sooner if we are at a risk level close to needing treatment for heart disease."



Prevention, essential to take care of your health



Prevention is fundamental to health care. "Not only does it prevent the emergence and spread of diseases, but it also reduces the need for more expensive treatments and other health care," says Dr. Zhiganov.

### Week of intensive surveillance of vans

The celebration of Black Friday will lead to 4.6 million daily shipments of merchandise, the vast majority in vans.



With the aim of checking different aspects related to the road safety of vans, the campaign will establish control points on all types of roads, especially on conventional roads, as well as in areas close to industrial estates, loading and unloading areas, shopping centres, etc.



In 2022, both traffic incidents with victims in which vans were involved increased (7% more) and the number of people killed in them (30% more) compared to the previous year.



In 2022, the number of drivers reported for speeding also increased by 20%, which continues to be the most committed violation, with more than 302,000 complaints.



Vans are, fundamentally, a work tool. Even more so if we take into account the increase in electronic commerce that has taken place in recent years, which mostly transports its goods in this type of vehicle and which this week will experience one of its highest points of activity with the celebration of Black Friday.



Specifically, during this week delivery companies estimate that they can make up to 4.6 million daily shipments, most of which will be made using vans. A vehicle that, although it continues to represent 7% of the national fleet with 2.6 million vehicles, in 2022 was involved in 9,242 traffic incidents with victims in which 221 people died (of which 79 were occupants of vans and 142 occupants of other vehicles or pedestrians involved in said incidents) and 210 van occupants were injured and hospitalised. These figures represent a 7% increase in the number of incidents and a 30% increase in the number of deaths.



Furthermore, if we take into account work-related traffic incidents, we can see that the percentage of vans and trucks present in this type of incident also increases, having gone from 4.6% in 2021 to 5.1% in 2022.



On the other hand, in 2022 the number of drivers reported for speeding also increased by 20%, which continues to be the most committed infraction, with more than 302,000 complaints, followed by others such as not having the ITV in force or not wearing the seat belt.



For all this, the General Directorate of Traffic is launching again, until Sunday, November 26, a special campaign dedicated to the surveillance of vans in which the controls of the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil and the Local Police that join it, will be established on all types of roads, especially conventional ones, since these are the ones with the highest accident rate, as well as in areas close to shopping centres, industrial estates and loading and unloading places.



These controls will check, among other aspects related to road safety, the speed at which they were traveling, the documentation of both the vehicle and the driver, the correct placement and weight of the transported load, the presence of alcohol and/or drugs in the drivers' body or if it is up to date with regard to the Technical Vehicle Inspection



PECULIARITIES OF THESE VEHICLES



It must be taken into account that driving a van is not the same as driving a car, even though both are driven with the same licence. Vans have dynamic and usage characteristics that are different from other vehicles that make them different, not only in terms of driving but also in terms of incident rates, which should be kept in mind.

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Patients who already have the Health Premium Card have, among other services:

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Free services.
Appointment management and digital access to your clinical reports from the comfort of home through the Patient Portal.
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What do our patients with a Health Premium card think?
 
I heard about the Health Premium Card in December and immediately went in January and bought one. It was very nice to come to Premium Lounge. Susana Yepes, Health Advisor, explained to me what was included in the card and asked me if there was anything in particular that I had in mind and I told her that I had been waiting a long time to see a gastro specialist. She asked if I wanted to meet one now? Included in this card are consultations with 3 specialists who go over the main things that can be wrong and send people for all kinds of tests. Everyone here at the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja has been great and everyone is ready to help and do their best for you and with a smile. I have recommended the Health Premium Card to all my friends and they say the same and are happy to be able to do it all in one place.
 
Brindis Jonsdottir
 
With the Health Premium Card I benefit from a very good and preferential service every time I visit the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital. I can get an appointment quickly and I don't have to wait long. There is always a translator available for all my questions. After my hip surgery, I received professional care at home. Everything is arranged, even my health insurance company was contacted. I am very happy to have the Health Premium Card, it saved me a lot of money and time. Thank you so much for everything!
 
Emma Reitmair
 
We were looking for an international private hospital with modern technology but who also offered a high personal service level combined with a complete “health package” and we have found it at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja.
At our first meeting we meet our personal Health Advisor (Susana Yepes) who took fantastic good care of us. We felt very comfortable and she answered all our questions. Susana booked our appointments (no waiting list at all), even walked us to where we had our various appointments, much appreciated.
Meanwhile waiting in the exclusive premium lounge for our appointments, we were offered coffee, drinks, various fruits and sandwich.
Also useful is the practical Quirónsalud App. There we can find our appointments, medical journals, documents and other useful information.
This hospital is on another level when it comes to efficiency and professional healthcare service combined with excellent personal commitment which we appreciate highly.
 
Robert Hellman and Maria Jose Romero Ruis

### Misuse of the Horn can Have Serious Consequences

Vehicles which use the roads of Spain must be fitted with an audible warning device by law. That includes bicycles, and electric scooters, and those without face a fine. On motor vehicles the audible warning device normally takes the form of a horn and is integral in the vehicle.



Article 110 of the traffic law details when a horn can be used. Aside from the authorised reasons we will explain, the law is quite clear that “unmotivated or exaggerated use is prohibited”.



Priority vehicles use audible warnings, such as the Guardia Civil of other emergency services, when they are acting as “priority” vehicles. In other words, responding to an emergency. In the event of an emergency situation, any private vehicle can take on the role of a priority vehicle, at which point the horn would be used, along with other visual devices such as waving a handkerchief out of the window. We explain more about that concept on the website, spanishtrafficlaw.es, where Article 70 deals with that rule, here we just needed to introduce it as an exception to the norm.



Under normal circumstances, acoustic warnings can only be made by drivers of non-priority vehicles, in other words, vehicles not responding to an emergency, in a very limited number of occasions.



The primary role of the audible warning, or horn, is to alert other road users of our presence, and can be used to avoid a possible collision.



On narrow roads where there are often two cars and there are bends that prevent the visibility of traffic in the opposite direction, the horn is usually used to warn of our presence to approaching traffic.   



Out of populated areas, to warn the driver of another vehicle of your intention to overtake. You can sound the horn before overtaking a vehicle to inform the driver of your intention to overtake it, so that the driver is made aware of your intention and remains to the right edge of the road. 



To warn of their presence to the other road users, in accordance with the provisions of Article 70.



We must never use our horn out of anger or frustration, and remember, the rule is clear when it comes to the risk of a collision, the horn should only be used to avoid a situation, in other words, before it has happened.



To give a working example, if we see a vehicle at a junction through which we have priority, but we think that the vehicle MAY pull out in front of us, perhaps because they haven’t seen us, then that is a justified and correct use of the horn. If, however, that vehicle has already pulled out in front of us, then the use of the horn would not serve for avoidance in any way. Our concentration and actions should be wholly about avoiding a worse situation. Using the horn, could in fact make matters worse.



The reason behind this logic, as neuroscientist Rachelle Summers explained on her Instagram channel, is that the horn is used to draw attention, it is a distraction in a neurological sense, and so if a driver has entered into a risky situation, the most important course of action is to get out of that situation safely. If we sound our horn, we are causing a distraction and adding to both the confusion and the elements that the mistaken driver must deal with, thus adding to the cognative load and potential disastrous outcome.



The second neurological reason is that overuse of the horn can reduce the impact being considerably diminished, as the brain becomes accustomed to it, and it no longer serves as the warning it is intended to be.




https://www.instagram.com/p/CzY9PekLW0K/

### How to detect a stroke

Annually, between 110,000-120,000 people suffer a stroke in Spain, of which approximately half are left with disabling sequelae or die, according to data from the Spanish Society of Neurology (SEN).  In Spain, it is the leading cause of death in women, the second in men; as well as the first cause of acquired disability in adults and the second of dementia.



"These are not encouraging words, although the good news is that 9 out of 10 cases of stroke can be avoided if a healthy lifestyle is followed and care is taken to the risk factors that we will detail later," says Dr. Mirko Alavena, a specialist in Neurology at the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital.



Specifically, he explains that cerebral apoplexy, also known as cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke, is a medical emergency that can have serious health consequences and is usually caused by an interruption or alteration of blood flow in a part of the brain, either by the occlusion of an artery (infarction) or its rupture (haemorrhage).



THE ONSET OF SUSPICION



If you suspect a stroke, Dr. Alavena points out that you should evaluate:



1. Face: Command the person to smile; Notice if one half of the face moves and the other doesn't.



2. Arms: Instruct the person to raise and move the arms; Observe if one is weaker or clumsier.



3. Speech: Speak to the person and ask them to speak; Observe if they can't utter language or if they don't understand what is being said.



4. Time: If any of the above is true, we must immediately call the emergency number, as time is the most important factor in the chances of recovery.



Thus, the Quirónsalud Torrevieja expert highlights that it is crucial to recognise the symptoms of stroke to seek medical attention immediately; The most common ones are listed as:




Sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg; and especially on one side of the body.



Difficulty speaking or understanding language.



Sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes.



Severe dizziness, loss of balance, or loss of coordination.



Sudden, severe headache with no known cause.



It's important to remember the acronym F.A.S.T to recognise stroke symptoms: 'Face', 'Arms', 'Speech', and 'Time'.




"If someone shows these symptoms, it is essential to call the emergency services immediately. Once the acute event has been treated, the person should receive rehabilitation of acquired brain damage (neurorehabilitation) to recover as much as possible their functionality prior to the event," says the doctor.



Stroke is a serious condition, he continues, and requires immediate medical attention. That is why this specialist insists on the importance of recognising the symptoms and seeking help quickly: "This can make a difference in the patient's prognosis and recovery."



And, as the neurologist laments, it can be permanent if the neurological damage persists. Of course, remember that, in some cases of heart attack, blood flow can be restored spontaneously and the symptoms disappear, which is known as a transient ischemic attack or TIA, although people who suffer from them have a very high chance of suffering a permanent cerebral infarction in the following weeks if adequate preventive measures are not taken.



HOW TO PREVENT STROKE



With this, Dr. Mirko Alavena, specialist in Neurology at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, argues that, by taking measures to prevent stroke, such as maintaining healthy blood pressure, following a balanced diet and maintaining an active lifestyle, the risk of suffering a stroke can be significantly reduced.



"Although some risk factors for stroke, such as age and family history, cannot be changed, there are steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of stroke," he says.



Some recommendations include, according to this expert:




Maintain healthy blood pressure: Controlling high blood pressure can help reduce the risk of stroke.



Eat a balanced diet: Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and limiting saturated fat and sodium intake can help maintain cardiovascular health.



Maintain a healthy weight: Maintaining a body mass index (BMI) within the normal range can reduce the risk of stroke.



Exercise regularly: Regular physical activity helps keep your heart and blood vessels healthy.



Don't smoke: Smoking damages blood vessels and increases the risk of stroke.



Limit alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of stroke.

### The Importance of Checking Headlights

Good visibility on the road is one of the most important factors for road safety. It is not only about being able to see the road and the possible obstacles that arise, but also about being able to see other drivers as well as making ourselves see them.



This should be the case regardless of weather conditions. That is why it is so important that the car's lights work perfectly and without failures.



The main function of headlights is to illuminate the road we are traveling on, but also to let other drivers and pedestrians know that we are there, that is, to indicate our position on the road. On the other hand, Daytime Running Lights have the opposite function, they are designed to make us more visible, and not to illuminate the road.



Visibility has a lot to do with the ability to react. That is, in conditions of poor visibility, an unexpected obstacle may appear on the road, such as an animal crossing the road, and we may not have time to brake the vehicle if we have not seen it sufficiently in advance.



However, there are other risk situations that can occur due to not having the headlights working well.



Complications when driving at night. If the headlights do not shine as they should, because they have lost their lighting capacity or are not properly adjusted, the chances of suffering an incident while driving at night multiply. This occurs because we will not be able to see obstacles correctly and also because poor lighting requires greater attention from the driver and, consequently, greater visual fatigue. It goes without saying that fatigue is a problem.



Critical situations due to low visibility. A storm, heavy fog or snow causes a large decrease in visibility. This can be greatly alleviated if the car's headlights work well. But, if the headlights do not work as they should, we will lose visibility of the road, signs, obstacles and other users.



Not seeing other road users. Pedestrians or cyclists may not be wearing appropriate clothing or reflectors that make them clearly visible at first glance. Therefore, proper functioning of our headlights will ensure that we can see them from a distance and avoid situations such as being run over.



All these complicated situations and problems can be prevented and solved if we pay attention to the car's headlights and repair failures immediately.



We should check our headlights frequently, and certainly no less than monthly. Firstly, if we notice that the headlights look opaque, we will also realise that the lighting capacity has decreased, impairing visibility.



Secondly and even more obvious is when one of the bulbs burns out. In this case there is no doubt, and we will have to replace the damaged bulb, and also that of the other headlight, to avoid a difference in light intensity. Bulbs should always be replaced in unison. On modern cars, it may be necessary to get a workshop to replace the bulbs.



Finally, it may be that the headlight has broken, due to a blow or water ingress. In this case, it is best to stop by our trusted workshop to solve the problem as soon as possible. We already know what poor lighting can mean for road safety.

### Is it against the law to drive whilst wearing headphones?

The headline, although in the original it did contain a spelling mistake and so we are not fully quoting it, appeared in an English language newspaper in Spain this week.



The article says that there is a “lack of an outright ban”, which could be considered misleading, as the publication is in Spain, where there IS a ban on wearing headphones when driving.



The article in question refers to the Highway Code, which is a UK publication, and not valid in Spain.



In Spain, it is illegal to wear any form of headset when driving, which includes headphones, and also Bluetooth devices commonly used to connect to mobile phones.



This rule applies to all vehicle drivers, including bicycle and scooter riders, as well as drivers of motorised vehicles.



The only exception, a recent change, is that certain approved devices can be used for communicating on motorcycles.



The reason why headphones and headsets are banned in Spain when driving is that the driver must be fully aware of their surroundings at all times, and not distracted.



So, to be clear, in Spain, the answer to the question, “Is it against the law to drive while wearing headphones?” is YES.

### How the Clock Change Affects Driving

This weekend, the clocks are once again set to change, as Daylight Saving Time ends, and the clocks subsequently put back one hour.



However, although this change in time might seem insignificant, it can cause an imbalance in our body which in turn can cause fatigue, sleep or distractions that can have an impact on road safety.



One of the biggest changes the body will experience during the change is that whilst the pace of life remains the same, the hours we have become accustomed to will change. If our alarm clocks are set for 08:00, the reality is that we are waking at what our body has got used to which is an hour different. The same obviously applies at the end of the day when we go to bed.



Medically, it is known that the change in time can also lead to an increase in the chance of suffering migraines or stress related conditions as a result of the change. These episodes can cause a distraction in their own right and can lead to incapacity at times, but some medications can also cause problems for drivers, so always check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are feeling symptomatic or taking any kind of medication, especially, but not exclusively, if the box displays a warning sign of a triangle with a pictogram of a car inside.



Sleep experts say that the best way of overcoming the problems the body identifies is to maintain a stable sleep and meal pattern, making sure you get a good 8 hours sleep per night, and avoiding stimulants such as caffeine.



Sleep deprivation and drowsiness is a known contributing factor in many road related incidents. In fact, drowsiness is the primary cause in 30% of all daytime collisions and incidents. More than 40% of all incidents on the roads are closely related to fatigue, closely related to sleep, and almost 20% of these incidents involve commercial vehicles.



Reaction times are increased when sleepy, and a person can suffer severe reductions in concentration, motor and sensory delays, resulting in mistakes in movements and decisions, as well as perceptual disturbances.



Drivers who are normally at risk of sleep related incidents include shift workers, young people, those with sleep-related illnesses and whilst driving under the influence of alcohol and / or drugs.



With that knowledge in mind, it might actually surprise you that most sleep related incidents occur on a weekday, Monday to Friday, between 08:00 and 20:00, and more often during routine drives, as well as on long-haul journeys.



It is important that we all monitor our own feelings, stopping for a rest if we are starting to feel tired, regularly on long journeys, sharing the driving and being prepared to respond to our own body´s warnings in good time.



Whilst taking these facts into consideration, one final thing to remember is to change the clock in your car to reflect the change in time, after all, as well as the microwave, there is always one clock somewhere we forget!

### Can You Be Fined for Having a Shopping Bag on the Back Seat?

It is not uncommon to see items being carried on the seats of cars, such as shopping on the back seat, but what is often surprising is when those vehicles are stopped and the driver is issued with a fine, because you can be fined for having a shopping bag on the back seat, or any seat for that matter, and not just your shopping.



In general terms, the passenger compartment of a vehicle is designed for passengers, and the boot for goods, which includes shopping. Fundamentally, everything carried in or on a vehicle must be secure, such as people wearing seatbelts, and having your shopping on the back seat contravenes that rule, because even if you secure the bag, in the event of a collision, the contents can become projectiles which can cause considerable damage when they are thrown forward, maintaining the momentum of the vehicle prior to the sudden slowdown or stop.



The legislation in this regard is clear. Article 14 of the General Traffic Regulations reflects this: “The load transported in a vehicle, as well as the accessories used for its conditioning or protection, must be arranged and, if necessary, secured in such a way that they cannot drag, fall totally or partially or move in a dangerous manner.”



Failure to comply with this rule carries a fine of up to 200 euro. And the agents are controlling this type of behaviour, due to the danger associated with it. According to data from the DGT, when braking and due to the effect of inertia, any object traveling loose in the rear of the vehicle multiplies its weight by 40 when traveling at 50 km/h.



Thus, for example, a laptop, flying towards passengers, becomes a stone weighing 85 kilos. The gym backpack, in a 160 kilo tuna, and the mobile phone in a 4 kilo cat. Any object traveling at that speed can cause serious injuries.



Furthermore, a person who is not properly restrained, for example small children in their child seat, can suffer irreparable damage and also cause damage to the front occupants.



Having items loose on the seat also carries a security risk, in that there are countless cases of handbags, for example, and mobile phones, snatched from the seats of cars.



Animals too must be secured. There are straps and nets on the market to secure the load to the rear seats and avoid both an incident and the fine of 200 euro.



In addition, pets must also travel subject to the tie-down points of the rear seats, since fines ranging between 80 euro are imposed (if the animal is loose in the car) and between 200 and 500 euro if it is located in the driver 's compartment.



If the animal is carried in a case, then that case must be secured.

### What is a dashcam and how useful is it in a car?

You may have considered buying a dashcam for your car, especially as there is an increase in the number of times video evidence has been presented in situations in recent years globally, but there are still questions as to how useful a dashcam might be, and if it is legal to use one in Spain.



A dashcam is a small camera that is installed or attached to the vehicle, which can monitor the front, rear, and even sides of the car, and record the activities it sees.



The main advantage of a dashcam is that it is recording at any time everything that happens, so in the event of an incident, the user can save in a clip of a few seconds what happened both before, during and after the incident. Its storage capacity is high thanks to the fact that it has slots in which to insert SD or microSD cards that can then be easily removed from the device and taken home to store them on a computer.



In terms of whether dashcams are legal in Spain, the General Traffic Regulations do not expressly prohibit its use while driving, as long as it does not affect visibility. It must also be secure. In terms traffic law, they are the only important considerations. However, here we must also consider the Organic Law on Data Protection: this specifies that any recording cannot be used outside the domestic or private sphere without the consent of the people who appear in the images. Otherwise, the Spanish Data Protection Agency may sanction you.



Therefore, although you can present the images to your insurer, for example, which can help clarify who is to blame in an incident, as a general rule it will not serve as evidence if the case is later referred to a judicial procedure. The judge investigating the case will consider whether the images have been captured legally or not, and if, therefore, they may or may not be admissible.



In terms of data protection however, posting footage publicly, like on social media, can have serious consequences. There are many different elements that are protected, including identifying features such as a face, but number plates and even house numbers can see you falling foul of the law. The best advice is to not post the footage publicly unless you have permission.  

### Road Rage Kills

In an interview in 2020, when asked about those killed and injured on the roads, the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, spoke of road rage, or in his words, “road violence”, instead of road accidents. “I like to talk about road violence. The injuries and deaths on the asphalt are not a result of chance. They are a consequence, in most cases, of recklessness, but they are avoidable. There is no need to hesitate, and we have to call things by their name.”



What the minister declared had its logic. The term accident rate implies a degree of accident that presupposes the inevitability of the event, which is what Grande-Marlaska denies, hence the reason we generalise with the term “incident” rather than accident. Thus, it starts from a speech that defends, as never before, the history of existing road awareness campaigns, aimed at making us all aware of the responsibility we acquire behind the wheel. The road is a public space of coexistence.



Other analogous concepts to road violence would be vehicular violence or aggressive driving. This entails anti-civic behaviour (if not directly criminal) that can have very serious consequences and that, in urban contexts, can be seen quite frequently, precisely because of the stress to which urbanites are subjected every day.



People who, while driving, are capable of losing control over themselves and exercising road violence towards others, manifest these behaviours in many ways: from honking the horn repeatedly and in places where it is prohibited to threatening other drivers. and even committing aggression. Braking, acceleration, shouting, aggressive gestures, chases... is what we can encounter when confronted with this type of individuals.



It might seem obvious, but the best way of avoiding road rage or road violence is to stay calm, and the best way to stay calm is to drive with more consideration and within the confines of the regulations, which includes such things as speed, maintaining the proper distance, giving way, avoiding harsh manoeuvres, and signalling our intentions well in advance of a move, which we subsequently only carry out if it´s safe to do so.



If you do find yourself at the receiving end of any of the road rage behaviours mentioned, the best advice is to not engage. Remain calm and try to leave the situation in a controlled manner, and should things escalate, stop the vehicle and call for assistance, still without engaging as much as possible.

### Vehicle Passengers Can Also Be Fined

Although in most cases, traffic fines are directed towards the driver or vehicle owner, depending on the characteristic of the offence, passengers can also be fined for unsafe practices.



The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) and the Guardia Civil traffic patrols not only monitor drivers to prevent them from committing traffic violations. It also does the same with the passengers of the vehicle, ensuring that everyone travels safely and according to established rules.



For this reason, there are rules or guidelines specifically aimed at passengers in a car. The penalty is the same as if the person sitting behind the wheel commits the offence, with the only exception that passengers do not lose points on their driving licence and only have to pay the financial penalty.



The most common offences committed by passengers include:



Throwing objects out of the window: if you make the mistake (intentional or not) of throwing anything out of a moving vehicle, even if you are traveling in the passenger seat, the DGT can impose a fine of up to 500 euro. If the driver is the one who throws the objects, in addition to the fine he will lose 6 points on his licence. This can include rubbish, but also includes cigarette butts.



Traveling incorrectly seated: in a car you must be seated correctly and with the seatbelt fastened. If you stick your body out of the window or put your feet on the dashboard (which is especially dangerous in the event of a collision), you face a fine of between 80 and 100 euro.



Not wearing a seatbelt: in line with the previous case, if you travel without using the seatbelt correctly, the fine that can be imposed amounts to 200 euro. Additionally, if you are the driver of the vehicle and you are not wearing a seatbelt, you will also lose 4 points on your driving licence.



Remember, therefore, that if you travel in the passenger seat of a car you also have a series of mandatory responsibilities that play a fundamental role in safety. If you do not respect these rules, the DGT will not hesitate to sanction you appropriately.



Incidentally, if the passenger is a minor, the driver will resume responsibility.

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja recommends performing self-examinations and consulting a specialist in the event of any abnormality, hardening or visible change in the breast

Specialists recommend having your first mammogram at age forty





Tumours smaller than two centimetres have the highest cure rate




On the occasion of International Breast Cancer Day, Dr. Joseba Rebollo, oncologist at the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Oncology Platform,  recommends that women usually perform a breast self-examination and go to the specialist doctor when they notice any abnormality, hardening, visible change, nipple-areola alterations, or axillary thickening.



As detailed by Dr. Joseba Rebollo, "the breast does not have a uniform consistency and often has irregular nodules or thickenings, but it is a proven fact that the woman who self-examines is able to discern between a known nodule and one of new appearance that appears firmer and that causes a certain startle when noticing. Like I found out that wasn't there before."



Early diagnosis, key to curing breast cancer



There are two keys to controlling the disease: improving a healthy lifestyle and detecting the tumour when it is still smaller than 1-2 cm in size.



"In tumours smaller than 2 cm, the cure of the disease is almost universally achieved", explains the oncologist from the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, "for this reason, check-ups have proven to be effective in controlling mortality. In addition to regular health check-ups using imaging techniques such as mammography, ultrasound or breast resonance, breast self-examination must also be performed frequently"



The established clinical recommendation was to perform the first mammogram/ultrasound at the age of 40 as a baseline follow-up and then every two years until the age of 50. From this moment on, it is recommended to carry out annual check-ups until the age of 75.



Although, as Dr. Rebollo adds, this recommendation is evolving and the age of initiation of controls is made earlier, at 30 years of age when there is a familial tumour burden, and continues during old age if there are risk factors and the patient is in good health.



Quirónsalud specialists in the study of the transcriptome for the treatment of cancer



Thanks to the transcriptome, the specialists at Quirónsalud Torrevieja are able to study, in real time, the molecular characteristics of greatest relevance to the tumour at each moment of its evolution, what its strengths and weaknesses are, and thus administer to the patient a personalised treatment, appropriate to the characteristics of their own tumour. "For example," explains Dr. Manuel Sureda, an oncologist at the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Oncology Platform, "it allows us to evaluate whether drugs whose activity in this tumour is doubtful continue to be active; whether it already expresses resistance pathways for drugs frequently administered in that type of tumour; It suggests the use of unusual drugs for which tumour cells show clear signs of sensitivity, etc. In short, it provides very complete information on the characteristics of the tumour and, "in Oncology, information about the tumour is anti-tumour power".



One of the main advantages of the transcriptome is the ability to obtain information in real time, since tumours frequently change their characteristics in order to "survive" in the hostile environment posed by the body's defences and the treatments administered. "For this reason, repeating the transcriptome after tumour progression has proven to be a first-rate tool to be able to offer a personalised therapy with greater probabilities of efficacy," says Dr. Sureda.



The information generated by the transcriptome can be very useful in any type of tumour, "although it may be more relevant in locally advanced or metastatic tumours, due to the genetic complexity that these tumours reach in their evolution," adds Dr. Sureda.

### Speed Cameras are your Friends

You may have seen articles shared across the internet, sometimes published in print, offering tips like, “how to avoid speed cameras”, but the reality is, avoiding speed cameras is the last thing you want to do, because they serve a dual purpose when it comes to road safety, one of which is to protect you. You see, even though it might be frustrating to be caught by one, speed cameras are your friends.



Before we explain the reason why we make that statement, it is important to note that speed cameras do serve as a means of enforcement, they will fine you if they catch you, they are also to serve as a deterrent. It is the latter point we will expand on shortly.



 It is also true that many of the older style cameras are nothing more than empty boxes. But you will never know, because the cameras are rotated around the entire network so that all of the boxes will have a camera at some point. The same is not true of the more modern cameras, that can also check for things like mobile phone use, seatbelts, and can work in both directions. They are live at all times.



So we return to our point, expanding on the deterrent feature, because the entire network of fixed cameras is designed to serve, not for enforcement primarily, but as a deterrent, so slow vehicles down. That is why the location of fixed cameras is published on the DGT website for all to see and are signposted. Enforcement is the secondary function, only catching those who fail to heed the warning.



Why brings us back to the point, speed cameras are your friends. The fixed camera network in Spain has been built around areas which we might call “blackspots”, in other words, they are installed in areas where there has been a recorded history of incidents, usually where inappropriate speed has been a factor, some of which will be fatal, or having caused serious or life-changing injuries.



Therefore, the very presence of a speed camera is there to serve as a warning to slow down, not by slamming on your brakes, as that too is both dangerous and illegal, but controlling your speed and your driving in the entire area where the speed cameras are located.



Although they absolutely have enforcement capabilities, generally, a speed camera is a beacon at the side of the road that serves to warn you of historic incidents and potentially higher risks on the stretch of road, and so check the speed camera locations online, watch for the signs, and when you next see a speed camera, you can whisper the words, “thank you for your service” as you drive by more cautiously than you might otherwise.  

### Dealing with the Immediate Aftermath of an Incident

Incidents on the road are all too frequent, and we never known when we might be involved, or witness a situation that could prove life threatening if not dealt with correctly, and in Spain, in order to deal with the immediate aftermath of an incident, the P.A.S. system is taught to drivers, but the advice is also equally valid in many other situations.



The P.A.S. system based on the first response to a situation, in which the primary concern should always be protection, then advising others, and then assisting those in need.



In Spanish, P.A.S. is derived from Proteger Avisar Socorrer, which we could translate to Protect, Advise, Assist.



Protect



Knowing what to do if you are involved in or witness a traffic incident can not only save the lives of the injured, but also your own. Never forget the three steps: Protect, Advise and Assist.



Self-protection. Park your own vehicle in a safe spot and wear your reflective vest before leaving it.



Keep away from a burning vehicle or if you notice that it is transporting dangerous goods.



Protect the incident site. Signal the area as soon as possible by placing warning triangles or emergency light, and switching on your hazard warning lights.



The V-16 emergency light is currently an optional replacement for warning triangles in Spain. In other words, it is currently mandatory to carry one or the other. However, as from 1 January 2026, the warning lights will completely replace warning triangles in Spain.



Advise



Call the emergency services on 112 (they speak multiple languages, including English).



Information to provide:



Location of the place of accident (street, number, kilometre point, if it is a two-way street, the address, and report any other detail that can assist in identifying your location quickly: chapel, restaurant ...



The number of injured people and all the information you can provide (if unconscious, bleeding etc).



Special circumstances (the existence of trapped persons, danger of a falling vehicle, if they are transporting dangerous goods, if they fallen into water etc).



Characteristics and number of vehicles.



Wait from the controllers to confirm the details before hanging up.



Assist



Only when you have protected yourself and the scene, and summoned help, should you now assist others.



Be extremely careful in order to not add or aggravate injuries.



You should not move an injured person, nor remove them from the vehicle.



If they are a biker, do not remove the helmet.



Do not give drink, food or medication.



Do not allow them to move on their own.



Do not leave until emergency services say it is okay.



You should stay close to the injured party, if possible, at their side. Try to keep them calm.



If necessary, and if you are trained, perform first aid.



Remember, the first priority is to protect yourself and the scene, then summon help, and finally assist those involved, this is to ensure the safest possible outcome in any situation.

### What is the 'tunnel effect' and how does it affect our driving?

There can be no doubt that driving at excessive or inappropriate speed is really dangerous. Speeding is one of the biggest risk factors on the road, second only to distracted driving and alcohol. The three factors that make driving at high speeds so dangerous are: firstly, that the distance at which we are able to react to any unforeseen event on the road is much smaller, secondly, that the consequences of any collision are much more serious than if the collision occurs at a safe speed and, finally, due to the little-known 'tunnel effect'.



What is the tunnel effect?



In essence, tunnelling refers to the inverse relationship between driving speed and field of vision. The faster a vehicle travels down the road, the less visual space the driver's eye is able to capture. In other words, if something happens outside that field of vision, the risk of suffering a traffic accident substantially increases ... because we will not see it coming.



On a motorway, as speed increases, traffic signs and other vehicles become more difficult to distinguish. On an urban road, what "disappears" from our sight are the pedestrians. As if this were not enough, we can also remember what we said before: the speed of the vehicle also reduces our ability to anticipate and react and makes an eventual collision noticeably more serious.



The static field of vision of human beings is approximately 180º. However, as speed increases, that angle closes. At a reduced speed, about 35 km/h or so, the driver's vision covers about 104º on the horizontal axis; At 65 km/h, the field of vision drops to 70º and at 100 km/h it is reduced to 42º.



The situation becomes high risk when the legal limits are exceeded on Spanish roads. From 130 km/h onwards, the viewing angle closes to 30º and outside of this tunnel all sharpness is lost. At higher speeds, such as 150 km/h, the field becomes even smaller, and drivers can barely perceive what is happening within the central 18º of their vision. It goes without saying that driving at these speeds is highly inadvisable... and not only because of the fine that could result.



To avoid the tunnel effect, it is important to moderate your driving speed, always respecting the speed limits imposed by the General Directorate of Traffic for each section of road. In this way, the field of vision will be adequate, and if drivers respect the safety distance with the vehicle in front and the braking system of their car works as it should, they will be able to react in time and safely to any unforeseen event that may occur.

### Four Points of Focus for Motorcyclists

The primary role of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) is to make the roads safer for all, and they do so through a variety of means, from education to enforcement, both of which they hope will lead to a change in driver behaviour, this improving road safety for all.



In one of their latest social media campaigns, the DGT highlighted four elements of driving that are particularly dangerous that they would like to focus on, and these four practices are frequently carried out by motorcyclists, and so they are firstly by warning of the dangers and the consequences, then the inevitable fines and sanctions for those who still persist in committing these dangerous activities.  



Zigzagging



The dimensions of motorcycles allow their drivers to pass other vehicles easily, taking advantage of the gaps between cars. Although it is true that this type of overtaking is allowed in the event of a traffic jam, zigzagging at high-speed puts both your safety and that of other drivers at risk, which is why it is a practice that is not permitted.



Aggressive driving



Continuing along the lines of the previous point, the DGT reminds that motorcyclists that they must avoid aggressive driving in any type of situation, as it can lead to incidents, the risk of which is greater for those people who travel aboard these vehicles.



Speeding



The organisation has taken advantage of the message to remind motorcyclists that they must abide by speed limits in the same way as other road users, and that the penalties for speeding in the case of motorcycles are the same as for cars, so the most sensible thing is not to exceed the established limits in any case and respect both this and the rest of the traffic rules.



Safe distance



The latest warning from the DGT focuses on the distance between motorcycles and cars: they recommend both motorcyclists and other drivers do not ride close to the vehicle in front, since in the event of braking the margin of reaction is smaller and the collision risk increases considerably.

### Driving with a Broken Windscreen is Not Permitted

Proper vehicle maintenance is a crucial responsibility for all drivers, as it not only contributes to their safety but also that of other road users. One of the essential aspects of car care is the condition of the windscreen, a piece that plays a fundamental role in the driver's visibility and, therefore, in road safety in general.



The first priority is to ensure that the windscreen allows adequate visibility of the vehicle's exterior environment. For this reason, driving with a windscreen in poor condition or with a break or crack that obstructs vision to the outside is considered grounds for a fine. In fact, if a traffic officer identifies an excessive accumulation of dirt that affects the clarity of vision, he or she may impose a fine of 200 euro on the driver, although in no case does this entail withdrawal of points from the driving licence.



To drive a vehicle on the road, it is essential that the windshields are kept in a clean and sticker-free condition. The only badges allowed, and which must be present, is the ITV sticker (just one), the Environmental Distinction (Eco sticker), and ride share badge, where used.



As indicated in article 84 of the Law on Road Safety, traffic officers may immobilise the vehicle if it presents "deficiencies that constitute a particularly serious risk for road safety", which could include the following cases:



Driving with the windscreen or the rest of the glass with damage or breaks that hinder proper visibility.



Driving with the windscreen or the rest of the windows with a layer of dirt or ice that makes proper visibility difficult.



Driving with the windscreen or the rest of the windows with films, stickers, curtains or other unauthorised elements that hinder proper visibility. The ITV sticker must be in the upper right corner of the windshield and the DGT environmental badge in the lower right corner.



Driving with a mobile phone holder attached to the windshield in an area that makes proper visibility difficult.



In addition to visibility problems, a cracked or broken windscreen also weakens the structural integrity of the vehicle. Glass is already a weaker element than the metals or other elements that make up a car, and so weakening the structure further could have disastrous consequences.  

### Driving with Headphones or Headsets

In Spain, you are not permitted to wear headphones or headsets when driving. This includes headphones you might use for listening to music or your favourite podcast, and also includes the use of headsets like Bluetooth connectors for your mobile phone. Plus, when we talk about driving, it includes all vehicles, such as cars, motorbikes, bicycles, and scooters.



Driving with headphones is not permitted according to the General Traffic Law since their use poses a danger to traffic. This is because the ear is not attentive to driving and is therefore considered a distraction while driving.



As you can see, driving with headphones, headsets, or earpieces, whatever type they are, is prohibited by traffic regulations, which entails a penalty because driving with them is putting the road safety of the driver and other road occupants at risk. Thus, the penalty you may face for driving with headphones is set at 200 euro and the loss of 3 points on your licence.



This penalty applies whether the headphones are turned on or not. That is, if you are wearing headphones even if you are not using them at that moment, it will also be grounds for a penalty since it is an object that reduces hearing on the road.



Given the above, you may have wondered if there is the possibility of being able to use headphones in the car. The truth is that you can use it, but as long as a series of conditions are met, such as: being parked and with the car turned off or if you are the co-driver or passenger. At this point you should keep in mind that if you are the driver of the car and you are parked incorrectly or with the car stopped, for example at a traffic light, you are still not be allowed to use the headphones.

### Advice to Prevent Vehicle Theft

Our cars are amongst the most expensive purchases we can make, and although they are exposed to the elements in many ways, they are also at risk of something which fills many people with dread, of being stolen.



And that fear is not without basis, as according to the latest Crime Report from the Ministry of the Interior, a total of 7,870 car thefts were recorded in Spain between January and March, which is an alarming figure.



With the intention of trying to reduce this figure, the National Police have been sharing a video through their social media channels offering advice on how to prevent car theft.



Street parking: it is a somewhat strange recommendation, but the National Police recommends that we park on the street instead of in a parking lot whenever possible. This is because the thief is more exposed, since the vehicle will be close to the pavement, which increases the chance that someone will see them.



Park in busy and well-lit areas: if you do not have a parking space, it is advisable to park in busy and well-lit areas. Criminals prefer places with poor visibility, as it gives them more time to commit the robbery and reduce the risk of being identified by witnesses.



Turn the wheels: it should be common practice to turn the wheels slightly when parked on an incline, but this trick can also reduce the risk of the vehicle being taken away by a tow truck. Be careful not to turn the wheels too much as this could pose a hazard to other road users.



Anti-theft system: It never hurts to add additional things such as an anti-theft system like a GPS locator to track the location of the vehicle in case of theft. However, there are already cars that have security systems equipped as standard, but it never hurts to have extras in terms of security.



Manual verification: many cars have remote central locking systems, however it is important to manually check that the doors have been closed and locked correctly before walking away. This is because thieves can use frequency inhibitors to prevent the car from closing correctly and thus facilitate its theft.

### Using a VMP for Commercial Purposes

Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP) are designed for personal use, although there is a separate definition for those used for commercial purposes. What this means, in the most basic form, is that if you are a gig worker, say delivering food, you are not permitted to use an e-scooter designed for personal use. You will have to obtain a vehicle specifically designed for commercial use, and that vehicle must have different, more restrictive characteristics than a personal mobility vehicle.



To be clear, without singling any company out, but to use them as an example, Deliveroo, Just Eat, Uber Eats, Glovo, or even your local restaurant, are not permitted to deliver using standard personal mobility vehicles, such as electric scooters.



Most of the technical characteristics are the same as those for personal use, but some elements are more restrictive. The VMP for transporting goods or other services are a type of VMP with at least 3 wheels, 2 of them being located on the axle closest to the load, and which have a platform or box enabled for this use.



The maximum permitted speed range is the same, between 6 and 25 km/h, but the nominal power is higher, less than 1,500 watts.



These vehicles may under no circumstances be dedicated to the transportation of passengers.



The VMP for transporting goods or other services must include auto yellow side reflectors and red rear reflectors, on the edges and vertices of the load, which allow for clearly signalling and distinguishing in low visibility situations both the height and width of the same.







VMPs for transporting goods or other services must have both front and rear direction indicators installed.



Direction indicators installed on the front and/or rear of the vehicle must comply with the emitted light colour requirements set out in Regulation No. 50 of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) or in the ISO 6742-1 standard.



The front or rear indicators must be mounted at a maximum height equal to that of the vehicle itself, and the rear indicators at a minimum height of 150 mm, and the minimum geometric visibility angle is 25° with respect to the horizontal plane.



As well as a horn or bell, VMPs for transporting goods or other services must also include an audible reversing warning.



The box, compartment or loading platform must be stable and securely anchored to the vehicle chassis (without rocking), ensuring that its centre of gravity is as low as possible.



In the event that the cargo box is mobile, the platform on which it is located must be non-slip, and must have fixing mechanisms or mooring points that prevent its movement, which must in turn be appropriately sized and designed. to anchor the declared loads.



The VMP for transporting goods or other services must include 2 mirrors, to the left and right of the vehicle, with the field of vision specified in the current regulations for Class L mirrors, and with a useful surface area each of them. of at least 75 cm 2.

### What Do Dragon´s Teeth Road Markings Signify?

In some areas of the country, dragon’s teeth road markings were introduced about two years ago, but as more vehicle movements take place over the summer, more and more people have seen them, and subsequently wondered what they are about and if there are any specific rules to follow.



Inappropriate speed is one of the main causes of road traffic incidents, and these markings, which consist of triangles painted along the road horizontally that resemble dragon’s teeth, hence the name, are all about controlling speed in vulnerable areas.



The horizontal traffic signals were put to the test "in an experimental phase", as announced by the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda in September 2021 in Nava de Roa (Burgos) and have been progressively implemented in other municipalities such as Caldas de Reis, Cuntis, and Castro Loureiro (Pontevedra).



How do they work? The dragon's teeth create an optical illusion that makes the lane appear narrower than normal. In this way, when passing through a point marked with the teeth, drivers tend to naturally reduce speed and increase caution. According to experts, the human eye, when perceiving lines on the sides, interprets that the lane has narrowed, so it encourages the driver to lift the foot off the accelerator, thereby reducing speed.



These types of signs, which are 30 metres long, are usually located next to pedestrian crossings, sections with a high concentration of incidents or black spots on the roads.



Despite being operational for two years, the markings are still in the implementation phase.

### Is there any treatment for sciatica?

Sciatica or radicular pain is one of the main causes of consultation in hospital emergencies.



This pain can be acute or become chronic becoming very annoying. It consists of an electric shock, numbness or radiating pain that is reflected by different parts of the leg and that can reach the foot or even both.



Although the most common is that it remits after a few days and that the pain is controlled, when the pain is very intense, persists and relief is not achieved with conventional analgesics, it is advisable to go to a specialist in pain treatment.



Dr. Jorge Orduña, head of the Pain Unit of Quirónsalud Torrevieja and  explains more about sciatica and its most advanced treatments.



What is Sciatica?: Why It Occurs and Symptoms



Sciatica is the "popular" name for radicular pain, which is one that occurs, in the form of electric shock and numbness, when the spinal nerves are compressed.



The spinal nerves are responsible for providing sensitivity and mobility to the legs, and can be compressed at various points in their journey from the spinal cord to the foot.



As Dr. Jorge Orduña explains, this compression "produces an initial inflammation that, over time and depending on the intensity of its cause, can cause injuries to the nerve, leaving sequelae."



The symptoms of sciatica are:




Pain running through different parts of the leg/arm/chest, or abdomen.



Sensation of numbness of a specific area of the leg / arm / chest or abdomen.



Sensations of electricity, hypersensitivity or burning in specific areas of the leg / arm / chest or abdomen.



Motor weakness of the painful area.




In addition, depending on the degree of compression, the nerve injury and whether there is one or more compressions, the symptoms will be more or less acute and will affect "only one side of the body, both or different parts".



Types of Sciatica




Protrusion / hernia. It is an alteration of one of the discs of the spine to which is added the exit of the same from its usual area.



Intervertebral foramen. It is a narrowing of the bony duct through which the nerves exit: the osteoarthritis of joints called facets causes it to narrow and hinder the exit of the nerve, causing compression.



Stenosis of the channel through which the nerves run. Usually caused by calcifications of ligaments / osteoarthritis of the joints or by alterations of the discs that compress the spinal nerves in their path.




How can sciatica be treated?



Treatment of sciatica depends on three factors:




The intensity of the pain.



If there is an associated weakness.



The period of evolution.




Once the level of nerve compression has been located and defined, specialists can opt for pharmacological or interventional treatments (by infiltrations) to treat the problem from where it is occurring.



 "These interventional treatments (infiltrations) allow immediate pain relief and with hardly any recovery periods. The prolonged duration of relief allows us to work together with rehabilitators/physiotherapists and functional recuperators in activities aimed at strengthening the structures adjacent to the injured area and thus protecting it, allowing in many cases to recover the quality of life." The specialist explains.



Treatment



Some of the techniques used in the Pain Unit of Quirónsalud Torrevieja to treat sciatica are:




Lumbar epidural. Thanks to the use of X-rays, specialists deposit medication next to the compression of the spinal nerves, improving the pain from where it is occurring.





Radiofrequency of the dorsal root ganglion of the spinal nerve. In this neuromodulator treatment, the doctor places a needle which transmits electricity to modulate the transmission of pain in the area of the central nervous system where pain information is integrated.





Neurostimulation of posterior cords. This is an advanced treatment in which an electrode is placed on the patient's spine.





Intradiscal treatments with regenerative medicine. The objective is to deposit pro-regenerative substances from the patient himself in different parts of the deteriorated disc, improving the situations of disc-osteoarthritis, protrusions and herniated discs.





Intradiscal treatments with radiofrequency / laser or substances. They are applied directly to the inside of the injured disc.




What is the success rate of these techniques?



According to Dr. Jorge Orduña, all these techniques "achieve, in a high percentage of cases, relief greater than 80% of pain with periods of pain relief above 6 months".



In addition, some of these treatments, such as intradiscal, "can be practically definitive, while neurostimulation is applied to patients already operated, allowing relief of many years."



The Pain Unit of Quirónsalud Torrevieja includes specialists in pain treatment (anaesthesiologists, rehabilitators, traumatologists), who work in close relationship with other specialists to offer a comprehensive and personalized service to each patient aimed at treating everything that concerns the pain of each patient.



If the cause that produces the pain cannot be treated or relieved or when the treatment of pain has not been insufficient, specialists will evaluate other options, such as surgery.

### Ask Your Questions about Driving in Spain

Very shortly, the N332 web team will be launching the N332 podcast, a weekly broadcast where we will answer any questions you might have about driving in Spain or Spanish Traffic Law.



We will also bring you updates and commentary about what is happening each week, and important information you might need to know, but more importantly, we want to give you a platform where you can ask the burning questions that you might have.



Although the podcast will be in audio format initially, we will then extend it to video, but very shortly you will be able to subscribe via your favourite podcast app or platform, like Alexa and Amazon Music, for example, and will also be able to listen on the website, n332.es.



We have been testing the infrastructure so there are fragments littered around, in case you stumble across them, but the official launch will be published soon.



For now, it’s over to you. Have a think of the questions you might like answering, unless you have them already, and send them by email to us at news@n332.es, then every week we will answer you and clear up, hopefully, any doubts you have about driving in Spain.

### Driving, Sleep and Fatigue – A Dangerous Combination

Getting behind the wheel without adequate rest or under the effects of fatigue is a risk that multiplies the chances of road traffic incidents.



In the summer months, lack of sleep caused by the heat can have an impact on driving, but even as we approach the autumn, fatigue is still a problem for many, and sleep-deprived driving is comparable to driving under the influence of alcohol, multiplying your chances of crashing by up to 5. These figures skyrocket to increase by 30 when lack of sleep and alcohol or drugs are combined.



DGT data highlights that drivers who sleep less than four hours are 11 times more likely to be involved in an incident. In addition, after 7% of traffic incidents, the influence of drowsiness is suspected. Lack of awareness is a concern, as a study shows that many drivers continue to drive despite feeling drowsy.



According to data from the DGT, sleep problems could be the reason why in 2021, 77 people died in traffic incidents. If we extrapolate this trend to the incident figures of the last decade, it is estimated that on average every year 75 people died and another 250 were seriously injured for the same reason.



The impact of sleep and fatigue on driving is undeniable. The DGT and road safety experts emphasise the need for awareness to change the mentality of drivers regarding the risk of sleepiness behind the wheel.



Measures such as respecting rest times and avoiding driving at times of high drowsiness can make a difference in preventing road traffic incidents. Recognising that fatigue is a real enemy and adopting healthy sleep habits are essential to safety on the roads, at least on the eve of long journeys.

### Rules for Riding E-scooters

The first thing we must point out before detailing some of the standard rules is that each municipality can set their own rules, although some national legislation establishes a minimum criterion, and the local rules are generally to enforce stricter compliance. Therefore, is it crucial that you check with your local authority as to what their established norms are for using e-scooters (or any VMP), before you use them.



That does mean that the rules can be different from one municipality to the next, however VMP’s are not permitted on interurban roads, the roads that connect municipalities, so it would not be normal to cross borders in this way.



In principle, the use of a helmet is dictated by each municipality. However, it is always highly recommended that you wear a suitable helmet on one of these vehicles.



As a general rule, we should travel with our electric scooters on bike lanes, where available, otherwise on the road, keeping to the right at all times and observing all signs and signals.



VMP vehicles are not permitted on pedestrian areas, which includes pavements, plazas, squares, etc, but also includes pedestrian crossings, if you are crossing the road following the route of pedestrians. In this case, you should be walking with the vehicle.



It is not (currently) mandatory to have insurance, but this again is highly recommended. Some municipalities do insist on this and so, again, you need to check locally. This is something that is still being considered on a national level. It is important because if you are involved in an incident which is deemed your fault, you will be personally liable for any damages, enforceable through the courts.



Drivers of e-scooters, any VMP, are subject to all normal traffic rules, which includes alcohol limits. For those under 18, the limit is zero.



Similarly, you must not use a mobile phone when driving, nor are you allowed to have headphones or earpieces in.



High visibility clothing is recommended at all times, and is mandatory during times of poor visibility, such as at night, or in poor weather. Again, some town halls have made this a compulsory requirement at all times.



Driving an electric scooter under the influence of alcohol and other drugs can result in a fine between €500 and €1,000 depending on the level of alcohol or €1,000 if drugs are involved. If the test is positive, the vehicle will also be immobilised, as is the case with the rest of the vehicles.



For using a mobile phone while driving a scooter or any other communication device, the fine will be €200.



For those who wear headphones, drive at night without lighting or reflective clothing, or if they do not wear a helmet, if the municipal ordinance contemplates this measure as mandatory, the fine will be €200.



Finally, although there are many other rules which you should consult before driving one of these vehicles, it is important to not that the “P” in VMP means “personal”, that is to say that these vehicles are exclusively designed for a single person to use. You must never carry passengers.

### The Five Biggest Problems on Roundabouts in Spain

Roundabouts were first introduced in Spain in 1976, which might be enough time for everyone to get used to them, but as, in some cases, the rules are different in Spain to other countries, it is important to keep in mind that we often get a mixture of international drivers as well as locals, and many don’t know the rules, resulting in problems for everyone.



These are the five most common problems which cause incidents on roundabouts.



Exiting from the inside lane. This is one of the most common incorrect manoeuvres and also one of the most dangerous. It is also the most frequent cause of prangs on roundabouts. The rule is quite clear, you should always exit a roundabout from the right-hand lane (unless signs say otherwise).



Entering the roundabout without respecting the priority. Many drivers enter roundabouts without checking for other vehicles on the roundabout to which they must give way. Traffic already on the roundabout has priority. In many cases, a side collision is caused against the vehicle that has priority and can even cause collisions.



Misuse of indicators. Most drivers misuse indicators at a roundabout. You should always indicate before changing lanes on a roundabout, and you must always indicate your intention to leave the roundabout at the next exit. Yet, more than half of drivers do not use indicators to signal that they intend to leave the roundabout.



Cutting across lanes. Roundabouts are generally round, but whatever the shape, they will be clearly marked, and you should drive around the roundabout and not cut across lanes, a frequent occurrence that happens often at a higher speed than appropriate, and causes problems and collisions frequently. Stay in your lane, unless overtaking, in which case follow the correct procedure.



Excessive speed. Related to the previous case. Excessive speed is one of the circumstances that causes the most serious incidents, especially when it is linked to not respecting priority, both inside the roundabout and when leaving it. Not only with the rest of the vehicles but also with pedestrians who are crossing correctly.

### Students Benefitting from Scooter Training

This week, as part of the European Mobility Week celebrations, N332´s instructor, Mark Nolan, was joined by the electric scooter company, Hopp, starting a tour of local schools to educate young people about the dangers, responsibilities, and requirements for riding on this new form of urban mobility.



Students on the Orihuela Costa got to learn many of the basics, including the technical specifications of Personal Mobility Vehicles, the regulations for riding these vehicles, responsible parking, and an introduction to Spanish Traffic Law, such as identifying and abiding by road signs, for example. They were also told about the benefits of personal protective equipment, such as wearing a crash helmet and high-visibility clothing.



The reason Hopp came along, not to be confused with a rival company with very similar branding, Hoppy, is that the management of Hopp are fully aware of a lot of the negative connotations surrounding e-scooter use and are taking positive actions to try to resolve as many of these highlighted issues as they can.



One clear deficiency is a lack of knowledge or awareness by many of these scooter riders about the rules. Most of the students who will be spoken to during this tour are too young to ride an e-scooter, but the belief is that by giving them the basic knowledge and skills before you are able to ride, will set the foundations for a safer experience for all in the future. They are also trying initiatives to educate older users too, but by reaching out to students in these schools is a positive move, as it not only gives future knowledge, but it also affirms the overall road safety message.



Once the talk was over, the students were invited to ride on a Hopp scooter, after being given instruction my the firm´s representatives, and got to put into practice what they had learnt, and use one of these vehicles, which many of them would not legally be able to do, with experts on hand to answer any doubts they had, and assist them in their learning experience.



Later in the week, the students were invited to join others on the Orihuela Costa for a practice and training day organised by the neighbourhood associations, which allowed them to continue their training in a closed and safe environment.



Nobody would expect a person to get behind the wheel of a car and suddenly be a safe and competent driver, and the same applies to an extent when we are talking about vehicles like this. That is why N332 is happy to support Hopp in their efforts to provide practical information so that riders can be a little bit safer, and they will be more aware of how coexistence on the roads and neighbourhoods is important to the development of urban transport solutions.



The students all receive a certificate of completion of the training day which shows their commitment to be a safer and responsible road user, and reenforces their commitment into the future.

### Risk Awareness When Driving

Risk awareness is the ability to detect, identify and react to a risky situation while driving.



A risky situation is one that leads the driver to be alert to an unforeseen event that may force a decision such as the need to alter speed, course, or direction. In other words, a situation, either actual or potential, that may force us to slow down, brake, swerve, or change direction.



Risk awareness and perception is an important skill for all drivers, but it is something which is easily forgotten or replaced with complacency, and so must be a focus at all times, not only for vehicle drivers, but for all road users, including the most vulnerable, such as pedestrians, children and the elderly, cyclists, etc.



It is important to be aware of the importance of risk perception in driving:



To make all road users aware of the importance of this ability to avoid incidents.



The greater ability to perceive risks is related to a lower probability of having an incident. It has also been defined as the ability of some drivers to "read the road".



Experienced drivers are able to perceive risks earlier and more accurately than novice drivers, but experienced drivers are also more likely than novice drivers to be complacent. That is why this skill must be trained and acquired to achieve safe driving, and then maintained.



10 tips that will help you improve your risk perception:



When you approach a pedestrian crossing, slow down and give way.



Pay extra attention when you see a child running near the road or a ball in the middle of it, it is possible that a child may unexpectedly cross your path.



Observe and adhere to road signs, making sure you also look on roads you frequent, as the signs may change.



Be careful near people with disabilities and the elderly, they have less mobility and need more time to react to danger.



Always drive at a speed which will allow you to stop well within the distance you can see to be clear, and adjust your driving to suit weather and road conditions.



We must slow down and leave enough space (minimum 1.5 m) when we overtake cyclists, taking extreme care if the road is narrow or visibility is reduced. One roads with two or more lanes, we must move entirely over to the second lane to overtake.



Be careful with motorbikes and the vehicles that surround them since they can come to stop abruptly in the face of danger. Also be aware of vehicles such as buses or other vehicles which have stopped, as people may emerge.



Look ahead along the path or the road, even beyond what you can see in front of you, by looking for structures such as streetlights or buildings to anticipate the road ahead.



Use reflections such as shop windows to obtain a clearer view of parts of the road that may not be immediately clear.



If you witness a situation that you consider risky, back away and ease off your speed to allow more space to manoeuvre if needed.

### Scooter Technical Specifications in More Detail

Last week, we spoke generally about the technical definition of a VMP, the vehicle category that e-scooters fall into. We also mentioned that those characteristics are going to become stricter. Before we talk about the specific rules for using a VMP, we will explain some more of the technical characteristics.



All VMP’s, which, as we have said, include e-scooters, will require a certificate of circulation, CERTIFICADO DE CIRCULACIÓN. All electric scooters that are marketed from January 22, 2024 must have been certified in compliance with the regulations. All scooters marketed before January 22, 2024 will be able to circulate until January 22, 2027 even if they do not have a certificate. And from January 22, 2027, only electric scooters that have a certificate to circulate will be allowed to be used.



This is an important note, especially as we are approaching the Christmas period, where the temptation to purchase one of these vehicles, either for personal use, or as a gift, may be greater. It is in your own best interest to ensure that the scooter has a certificado de circulación now, because if it doesn’t, it will become unusable in 3 years.



We know that they must have a maximum permitted speed of between 6 kmph and 25 kmph, and nominal power less than 1,000 watts (2,500 in the case of those with self-balancing functions). We looked at the physical size too, but they must also have a mass of less than 50 kilograms.



In addition to an audible warning device and lights, it is mandatory that they have the capability of displaying both the speed and battery level, at least. This can be done through a connected app.



Regarding the braking system, they must have two independent brakes, with a minimum deceleration of 3.5 m/s2.



Front reflectors (white), on both sides (white or auto yellow) and rear (red), are mandatory, and the brake light must be differentiated or combined with the rear light.



They must also be equipped with a stabilisation system when parking. With the aim of avoiding scooters falling in the middle of the streets, it has been established that it is mandatory for VMPs with less than 3 wheels to have a stabilisation system consisting of a side kickstand or central stand while they are parked.



The minimum established diameter of the wheels is set at 203.2 mm and they must have a rough surface to allow grip on the ground. The use of smooth tires will not be permitted.



All VMPs must have a unique, permanent, legible and clearly visible factory marking with information on the maximum speed, serial number, certificate number, year of construction and make and model.

### Keys to preventing prostate cancer: symptoms and treatments

Prostate cancer is a disease that affects millions of men worldwide, hence the importance of prevention and early diagnosis to preserve their health and well-being. For this reason, the specialists in Urology of Quirónsalud Torrevieja explain what prostate cancer is, what are the frequent symptoms and how to detect it in time.



Symptoms



"In most cases prostate cancer is asymptomatic, so the diagnosis can be detected after performing the test known as PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen)," say urology specialists.



Obviously, when the disease is in a more advanced stage, it can present symptoms related to the disease, especially due to involvement of other organs outside the gland.



However, it may happen that a patient diagnosed with prostate cancer presents symptoms as a result of having a prostate that generates obstruction to the exit of urine, these symptoms do not necessarily have to correspond to prostate cancer, but are due to benign prostatic growth.



Tests



Prostate cancer is diagnosed by prostate biopsy, which consists of extracting fragments of the prostate with a fine needle in order to analyse them and establish a correct diagnosis based on each gradation of the tumour.



There are other tests that the doctor may request to help in the decision of prostate biopsy such as prostate magnetic resonance, so  it is important to consult with  the urology specialist so that he can assess the most correct action in each case.



Risk factors



Age:



Prostate cancer increases with age, especially after age 50-60. More than 80% of prostate cancer cases are diagnosed in men over age 65.



Race/Ethnicity:



Black men have a higher risk of prostate cancer than white men.



Family history:



The relationship between prostate cancer and heredity is known due to a combination of genes and environmental or lifestyle factors.



The hereditary component should be suspected when three or more first-degree relatives have had prostate cancer, affecting three generations on the same side of the family.



Eating habits:



Although there is no clear evidence that directly relates food with the development and prevention of cancer, we know that certain eating behaviours can be related to the appearance of cancer, so a healthy and varied diet is recommended.



Keys to preventing prostate cancer



"The fundamental thing, as in other diseases, is to be able to make an early diagnosis to be able to treat the disease at an early stage of its evolution," insist experts in urology.



Therefore, in the case of prostate cancer, periodic check-ups are essential for early diagnosis.



Revisions with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) are recommended in men at least annually.



Regarding the prevention of prostate cancer, and taking into account that there is still no clear scientific evidence regarding the relationship of cancer with diet, some rules of conduct that may be beneficial can be recommended:



- Control and reduce the consumption of foods rich in animal fat.



- A diet rich in vegetables, fruits and legumes.



- Ensure good hydration, drinking water regularly depending on physical activity or other recommendations of your doctor.



- Perform physical exercise according to their general health situation.



The prevention of both this and other pathologies is to try to lead a healthy lifestyle and, in case of new voiding symptoms or doubts, it is necessary to go to the specialist.



Prostate Cancer Treatments



For the treatment of prostate cancer there are several types of treatment, the most common are:




Expectant management:  it is indicated in the patient where it is expected that the tumour is not very aggressive. The conduct would be that of active surveillance.




This treatment option involves strict monitoring to control changes in the evolution of the tumour and thus take a different action.




Surgical treatment by radical prostatectomy. It is done with the intention of removing the prostate and its capsule, sometimes you also have to remove the lymph nodes in the area.





Radiotherapy. It uses high-energy rays for the destruction of tumour tissue.





Hormone therapy. It is used to block hormones that promote the development of cancer.




Any of these treatments has its advantages and disadvantages, so the information of the specialist is essential for a good decision by the patient as to what their expectations are to face the disease and therapeutic options.



Consult any questions with the specialists in Urology of Quirónsalud.

### How Many Passengers Can I Carry in My Car?

Exceeding the maximum number of people permitted in a vehicle is grounds for a sanction. If, for example, there are 6 people in a 5-seater vehicle, you risk a heavy fine and the loss of points from your driving licence. In addition, it is clear that you also put the safety of all the occupants of the car at risk.



The Reglamento General de Circulación, Spanish Traffic Law, in Article 9, says, "The number of people transported in a vehicle may not be greater than the number of places it has authorised (...) without, in any case, exceeding, between passengers and luggage, the maximum authorised mass for the vehicle”.



In addition, in the case of an excessive occupation of the vehicle that involves increasing the number of authorised places by 50%, without counting the driver, it is considered a very serious infraction. The vehicle will be immobilised immediately by law enforcement officers. In other words, if 6 people travel in a 5-seater car (4 without counting the driver), the fine will be tougher.



In the event that 50% of the maximum allowed is not exceeded, the infraction will be considered minor. The economic fine is 80 euros, to be paid by the driver. In addition, occupants who do not wear seat belts, which would include those who are exceeding the permitted number as there would not be a seat belt for them, are subject to a fine of 200 euro and the withdrawal of 4 points from their driving licence. If these are minors, the responsibility lies with the adult who is in charge of them at that time.



In the case of exceeding 50% of the maximum occupancy mentioned above, the infraction is very serious and implies a fine of 500 euro and the withdrawal of 4 points.



To find out the maximum number of people you can carry in a car, you have to consult the vehicle's technical data sheet. The number of approved places appears there. In some cases, it is assumed that the car is approved for 5 people, 4 plus the driver, but in some cars it is only 4 people, including the driver.



As well as putting the occupants of the vehicle at risk, your insurance may also be invalidated if you suffer an incident.

### Distracted Driving

Most drivers are aware of the risks posed by the consumption of alcohol or drugs when it comes to driving, although there are still those who ignore the factors, but many drivers fail to associate the risks caused by distracted driving, which is one of the “Fatal 4” in terms of road traffic incidents, and in Spain is the primary cause of more than 30% of incidents.



It is very important to be aware of and avoid behaviours that cause distractions behind the wheel. The task of driving implies that the driver organises and coordinates all the information, the stimuli associated with driving, and gives the task the full attention it deserves. Driving requires an adequate level of selective, sustained attention.



What kinds of distractions are there?



While we drive there can be many distractions that make us lose attention, and although this is not an exhaustive list, it includes the radio, whether adjusting it, or simply absorbed by the music. No doubt you have witnessed or experienced a situation where you are a little unsure of your location and you turn the radio down so you can concentrate more, thus subliminally proving the point.



The company in the vehicle can be a distraction, talking or interacting with your passengers. GPS management, although you must stop the vehicle if you need to reprogram your device. Mobile phones, eating or drinking, smoking, applying make-up, reading behind the wheel, looking for something in the car, and anything that diverts our attention from the primary role of driving.



Consequences of distractions



A distraction causes us to stop paying attention to the road. That interval that we are not aware of, even if it is tenths of a second, can be enough to cause an incident: Going off the road, not seeing danger or not giving us time to brake in the event of an unforeseen event.



The first effect of speed and distractions on driving is the increase in stopping distance: The faster you go or allow an oversight, however small, the more space you will cover before your vehicle comes to a complete stop or before that you slow down enough to avoid the incident.



We give you a very simple example: If we dialled a number on our mobile while driving at a speed of 100 km/h, we would travel 140 metres before looking up from our mobile and stepping on the brake, managing to stop completely in about 155 metres. The total distance required to stop at that speed without any distraction is about 28 metres.



You would have travelled uncontrollably about 120 metres, which is the length of a football field. Think of everything that can happen in that space.

### What Defines an E-scooter?

Last week, a young man tragically died when he fell off his scooter and hit his head. He wasn’t wearing a helmet, and the scooter had two motors with 3,500 watts of power each and was capable of travelling at 120 kilometres per hour, both elements making the vehicle illegal in Spain.



However, it is quite possible the young man purchased the scooter without knowing the technical characteristics, and so we will explain the restrictions in order for a vehicle to have a legal designation within the group the e-scooters fall into, which is that of Personal Mobility Vehicles, Vehículos de Movilidad Personal (VMP), which includes what we commonly call electric scooters. You must check that the vehicle you are intending to buy falls within the scope of each of these elements, but the characteristics are going to get stricter over time, so be prepared for the future also.



Resolution of January 12, 2022, of the General Directorate of Traffic, approving the Manual of characteristics of personal mobility vehicles, reference BOE-A-2022-987, defines a VMP as being powered exclusively by electric motors that can provide the vehicle with a maximum design speed between 6 and 25 km/h. They can only be equipped with a seat or saddle if they are equipped with a self-balancing system.



Notably, if they are incapable of reaching 6 kilometres per hour, they are classed as a toy, and are therefore subject to considerable restrictions, as they are not permitted on the road, for example.



These vehicles can be equipped with batteries up to 100 VDC and with an integrated charger up to 240 VAC input.



Personal Mobility Vehicles can have different uses, such as private use, rental or sharing, public services, tourist uses, etc., but from a technical point of view, the only differentiation refers to VMP for personal transportation, and VMP for transportation of goods or other services.



We must bear in mind that if one of these vehicles is used for delivery services, food for example, then it is being used for commercial purposes, “transportation of goods or other services”, and therefore must satisfy other characteristics.



For now though, we are talking specifically about personal transport VMPs. As we have said, they must have a maximum permitted speed of between 6 and 25 km/h. The nominal power per vehicle must be less than 1,000 watts, unless they are vehicles with self-balancing systems, in which case they must be below 2,500 watts, and at least 60% of that power must be dedicated to the self-balancing system.



They are restricted in size to a maximum length of 2,000mm, a maximum height of 1,400mm, and a maximum width of 750mm.



This definition excludes those specific vehicles for people with reduced mobility.



It is mandatory that the VMP has a braking system, acoustic warning device (bell or horn), rear and front lights and reflective devices.



The vehicle we mentioned in the tragic case last week was both in excess of the permitted power, and the maximum capable speed. The characteristics of that vehicle would have required it to be registered as a motorbike, which would not be possible due to the physical form, and so there is no way in which that particular vehicle could have been legalised in Spain.

### Are You Permitted to Cross a Solid White Line to Overtake Cyclists?

Cyclists are amongst the most vulnerable road users, and must be afforded a safe distance when overtaking. Specifically, you must give a minimum of 1.5 metres lateral distance when overtaking. In the event that the road has two or more lanes in the same direction, you must move entirely into the second lane to pass. However, on a road with a single lane, the question frequently arises as to whether you are permitted to cross a solid white line to overtake cyclists.



Solid white lines in the centre of the road must not be crossed. That means you cannot turn left into a side street, and you are not allowed to overtake. If it is a double white line and it is broken on your side, you are permitted to cross, including turning unto junctions.



However, although you are not permitted to cross a solid white line to overtake, there is an exception in the case of overtaking cyclists, and so the answer to the question is yes, you can cross a solid white line to overtake cyclists, but under a very specific condition.



The condition is quite simple, you may cross the solid white line to overtake cyclists, but only if no vehicles are approaching from the opposite direction. A vehicle can also be an approaching cyclist coming the other way, incidentally. If the road is clear, then you may proceed, allowing the cyclists the mandatory distance to pass.



If vehicles are approaching, you must not proceed. Similarly, if you cannot give the cyclist the mandatory distance, you must not proceed. Slow down, stay well back, and wait until it is safe to continue before overtaking.



Cyclists should always keep to the right to facilitate the safe passage of other road users. Although cyclists are permitted to ride two abreast, you are obliged to ride in single file to allow for the flow of traffic.

### Driving Licence Points

Spain has a points-based system for driving infractions, and although in principle it is similar to the points system in the UK, it is also the exact opposite, as in Spain drivers have points which are subsequently withdrawn in the event of committing an offence, whereas in the UK, points are added to the licence.



In general, drivers start with a balance of 12 points. However, new drivers, as well as those who have their licence returned after it had been withdrawn, start with 8 points.



Over time, assuming you don´t commit any offences, your points balance increases, up to a maximum of 15. If the opposite occurs, and you lose all of your points, you will no longer be able to drive as your licence will be considered withdrawn.



If you do lose your points, you can choose to take a road awareness and re-education course to recover up to a maximum of 6 points. These courses are twelve hours long and you can do it once every 2 years or every year, in the case of professional drivers.



In the case of loss of validity of your driving licence (whether judicial or administrative) in addition to taking the awareness and re-education course, to recover your licence, you must pass a theoretical test on the subject of the course taken.



Another option is, after two years without committing any infraction that entails the loss of points, the initial balance of 12 points will be recovered.



You can check your points balance at any time in the Electronic Headquarters (SEDE ELECTRÓNICA) of the DGT website, using a digital signature or Clave, and you can also consult your balance in the MiDGT app on your mobile phone.

### Myths about the ITV Inspection Explained

The Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, or ITV test, is a mandatory process for all cars from their fourth year of life that, on occasions, arouses many doubts and questions. Here we briefly explain some of those doubts, and the reality around these top myths.



The ITV, which is similar to the MOT in the UK, is an essential requirement to ensure both road safety and care for the environment. Despite the fact that the process is simple and a large majority (81.5%) of vehicles pass this inspection on the first attempt, it is a nervous time for most drivers.



Performing the ITV after the deadline carries an additional surcharge



The ITV stations do not apply any fine for delay in carrying out the technical inspection of vehicles. However, if you drive the car with an expired ITV this is considered a serious offence and you can be fined up to 500 euro because of the potential danger this poses to yourself and other road users. You should conduct the test before the last day of expiration, and if you don´t then the only legal option is to take the vehicle to the inspection centre on the back of a tow truck. You cannot drive a vehicle with an expired ITV in any circumstance. You may have the test conducted up to a month before the expiry and the outstanding time is added on.



You have to take the test in the region in which you live



This is a myth. The ITV inspection can be carried out in any autonomous community, regardless of where the vehicle is registered. It is true that in some areas the test differs, but these elements are additional tests and are outside the minimum mandatory requirements. You are free to choose your area, inspection centre, and even shop around for the best price, if you wish.



You don´t have to display the ITV sticker in the windscreen



Again, this is not true. The ITV sticker, also known as V-19, must be placed in a visible place, and should be in the top right-hand corner of the windscreen as we are looking out, and is as important as any other vehicle document. Failure to display the sticker can result in a fine of 100 euro. You should also only display the current, valid sticker, not a collection. On vehicles without a windscreen it should be placed in a visible location. It is also mandatory to carry the ITV card and the inspection report in the vehicle.



A workshop cannot carry out the technical inspection of a vehicle



Again, this is not true. Although many garages offer pre-ITV tests, only the ITV stations authorised by each Autonomous Community can carry out the technical inspection of vehicles. The workshops can only carry out repairs and maintenance to guarantee that the vehicle complies with the ITV requirements.



Foreign vehicles can have an ITV test



This is a common question and is both true and false at the same time. A foreign vehicle can be subjected to an ITV test, however the certification of that test is not valid in Spain. The mandatory inspection must be done in the country of registration. The ITV centre will inspect any vehicle to ensure it is safe, but they are unable to certify it as such, and only advise.

### Young Male Killed in Electric Scooter Crash

A young man has died after being involved in an incident in Granada whilst riding an electric scooter.



The Local Police reported that the incident took place on Wednesday on calle Aconcagua in the in the city, when the victim apparently lost control of the vehicle and fell off it.



The victim, who was not wearing a helmet, hit his head in the collision and after being treated by medical crews at the scene was taken to the Virgen de las Nieves hospital due to the injuries sustained in the incident, where he died the following day.



The scooter has been made available to the Local Police, who will check the physical characteristics of the vehicle, as it has two 3,500-watt motors and its technical data sheet indicates that it can reach a speed of 120 kilometres per hour, either factor making the vehicle illegal in Spain.



The Local Police, which has conveyed its condolences to family and friends of the deceased young man, has recommended wearing a helmet when using this type of vehicle, even if it is not mandatory, as a protection measure.

### Let’s Talk About Parking

It is highly likely that the next time we get in our car, and the time after that, and after that, we witness a vehicle that is parked poorly. It happens all of the time, but it is also an action that can result in a fine, or in your vehicle being towed away.



Firstly, a few basics. If you are parking on the road, where it is permitted, you must do so to the right, not impeding the flow of traffic on the road, and always with your vehicle facing the flow of traffic. In other words, on a standard two-way road in a town, for example, you must always park on the right, never on the left, as you would then be facing oncoming traffic. This is covered by Article 90 of Spanish Traffic Law.



Article 91.1 of the General Traffic Regulations establishes that "stopping and parking must be carried out in such a way that the vehicle does not hinder circulation or constitute a risk for the rest of road users, paying special attention to the positioning of the vehicle”, and “preventing it from moving when the driver is absent”. You must also not impede visibility, such as at junctions.



“Double” parking is not permitted either. Even if you have just “nipped to the shop” and put your hazard lights on. You must park correctly, and if there is nowhere to park, then it is not allowed.



Pedestrian crossings and pavements are for pedestrians, not vehicles, and so you must not park on these either, nor can you park on chevrons, or other areas where vehicles are not permitted, such as bus stops, cycle lanes, or security zones, amongst others.



You are not allowed to park outside a property that has a “vado” sign. This includes your own vehicle if you own the property. Don’t park in restricted areas, such as those reserved for the disabled, unless you are authorised to do so.



These are just a few of the most common places cars are aften parked or abandoned, and it is not a definitive list. Wherever possible, car parks are an obvious choice, but you should also be aware that, generally speaking, all traffic laws apply in car parks too.

### Young Speeding Driver Faces the Full Impact of the Law

In Spain, if you exceed the maximum permitted speed limit, you will most likely get a fine. If you exceed the maximum permitted speed limit excessively, you can find yourself in prison. These result, however, are the better option, as the consequences could be fatal for the driver, the other vehicle occupants, and other road users.



According to the European Road Safety Observatory, in their report, “Road Safety Thematic Report – Speed”, at an impact speed of 70 km/h the risk of fatal injury is 16% for a car occupant, and twice as high (38%) for a pedestrian; at 80 km/h, this probability increases to 33% for car occupants and 61% for pedestrians (Elvik, 2009).



According to the World Health Organisation, every 1% increase in mean speed produces a 4% increase in the fatal crash risk and a 3% increase in the serious crash risk.



About 30% of road fatalities are caused by excessive or inappropriate speed, and yet, 67% of Europeans admit to having speeded on rural roads over the previous 30 days, according to the same report.



As the speed of a vehicle increases, so does the risk of fatal consequences for everyone, which is why the financial sanctions, and potential loss of liberty, all increase the faster you go, and the more you drive above the established limit, to try to educate drivers into a safer course of action, that is, quite simply, to slow down.



We can see that excessive or inappropriate speed is a global problem, and the authorities around the world are constantly looking for new ways to reduce the risk.



One such country highlighted this week is Australia, where a driver who was travelling well in excess of 200 km/h, luckily avoided the worst of the consequences, but has been dealt with in such a manner that might well, we can hope, serve as a lesson never to repeat the actions.



The driver in question was detected on an Adelaide highway traveling at 253 km/h with a Holden Commodore SS V8. The driver was a young man, 20 years old, and only recently obtained his driving licence, so much so he was still displaying the novice driver “L” plates on the vehicle.



Picture from South Australia Police



In addition to the excessive speed (143 km/h above the limit of the road), he was also detected "aggressively changing lane" on several occasions. Although he can consider himself lucky that he survived, and didn´t kill anybody else on the road, luck wasn´t completely on his side as his car couldn´t handle the stress and broke down, allowing the authorities to catch him. The car has a top speed of 249.4 km/h.



It later transpired that this was not the first time he had literally risked life and limb, and a matter with the Australian authorities therefore considered "completely unacceptable", because driving at that speed can have "catastrophic" consequences for other drivers. "We cannot tolerate this," was the conclusion they reached, and they acted with the harshness that their laws allow.



The driver is now in prison. He is also banned from driving for six years. He will also be looking for new wheels when the ban is finally lifted, as part of the punishment is also confiscation of the vehicle, which can be sold and the proceeds given to charity, or, as is the case with the Holden Commodore SS V8, which had a starting price of over 40 thousand Australian dollars, it can simply be



"This is how this matter ends, but we also send the message that whoever is going to behave like this is going to lose their car," Superintendent Darren Fielke explained to ABC News Australia. In fact, the state police point out that in 2022 up to 1,500 drivers were deprived of their cars for traffic crimes.



Of them, two thirds were destroyed, as in this case. This end of life of vehicles is usually applied to cars that are considered unfit for road use ... or when you want to send a very clear message to society, as in this case.




https://youtu.be/9V-1SQit4Tc?si=QD7wb3mhZ_r19i-O

### “Operation Return” means a busy weekend on the roads

Over the next few days, 6,820,000 long-distance movements are expected. The return movements will occur in a staggered manner between Thursday and Sunday.







With the start of the school year just around the corner, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) will launch the last of the special devices prepared for this summer on Thursday, “Operation Return”, which will see many of the domestic tourists who have been on holiday return to their inland homes.



The DGT therefore forecasts that, from 3:00 p.m. on Thursday, August 31, and until midnight on Sunday, September 3, there will be 6,820,000 long-distance movements due to the generalised return that will take place in the coming days.



Operation Return



In this operation, the previously mentioned return movements will coincide, which will be staggered between Thursday 31 and the weekend itself, from the tourist coastal and rest areas to the large urban centres, with departure movements that also take place during the weekend for the beginning of the holiday month of September, mainly towards coastal tourist areas.



Travel forecasts



On Thursday 31, especially between 7:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m., there will begin to be high intensities of traffic in the return direction and traffic jams on the main communication road axes that channel all movement from coastal and rest areas to large urban centres.



On Friday the 1st, between 5:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m., there will be high intensity traffic going out of the big cities and on the main communication routes to access the tourist coastal and rest areas, together with the usual weekend traffic, also outbound, mainly to coastal areas and second homes.



On Saturday morning, between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., intense outbound traffic will continue for the beginning of both the weekend and the holiday month of September towards coastal and tourist areas, movements that will join the usual traffic for weekend to second home areas and beaches and, in the afternoon, to the return to the large urban centres of those who have finished their vacation and make a staggered return.



Sunday will be the last day of return for both those who are ending their vacation and those who have enjoyed the weekend, so, between 4 and 11 p.m., there will be high traffic intensities and circulation problems in the areas and main communication road axes that channel all return movement from the coastal and rest areas to the large cities. In addition, there will also be high traffic intensities in the communication axes with border crossings due to the return movements of foreign-registered vehicles to their European countries of origin.



For all this, the DGT recommends, as always, planning trips in advance and, if possible, avoiding the most unfavourable hours.



Special device



With all this flow of vehicles on the road, the DGT has established a series of traffic regulation, organisation and surveillance measures, with the aim of facilitating the mobility and fluidity of the different road users and ensuring the safety of everyone, among which stand out:



The installation of additional and reversible lanes with cones at times of greatest traffic flow and on the main access roads to large cities.



The restriction of the circulation of dangerous goods vehicles, special transport and trucks in general and those that transport certain goods in certain sections, dates and times.



The cessation of works on the roads and limitation to the holding of sports events and other events that involve the occupation of the road.



The design of recommended alternative itineraries according to origin and destination, with distances and travel times and, in some cases, avoiding the downtown area, which is the one with the highest traffic intensity.



Added to these measures, as usual, is the maximum availability of the human resources available to the organisation: agents from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, civil servants from the 8 Traffic Management Centres and personnel in charge of maintenance of equipment and the installation of road measures, in addition to the emergency services personnel, as well as their material resources: 780 fixed speed control radars, of which 92 are section ones, 545 mobile radars that can be on board in the vehicles of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, 245 cameras and 15 camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts. The DGT also has helicopters and drones for surveillance from the air and unmarked vehicles and motorcycles that will circulate on all types of roads in order to check the correct behaviour of drivers.



Return in the best road safety conditions



As the month of August is about to end, it is advisable to prepare to return home in the best road safety conditions, for which the General Directorate of Traffic recommends:



Schedule the most appropriate time for the trip, choosing, as far as possible, the time in which we are used to driving and avoiding traveling at night or after a tiring day at the beach or in the mountains. Night driving produces fatigue and drowsiness in the inexperienced driver.



Likewise, before leaving on a trip, have breakfast or a light meal, avoiding accompanying it with large doses of stimulating drinks, as well as the consumption of those medications that decrease attention or cause drowsiness.



Of course, never drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs, nor let someone who has done so get behind the wheel. The only safe rate is 0.0%.



Before and during the trip, find out about the state of the roads through the DGT website, Twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes, from the news bulletins on radio and television, as well as by calling 011, in order to avoid unforeseen events and use alternative itineraries if necessary.



Check the weather conditions, especially as rain may be expected in some places, and it could be heavy with localised flooding.



Regarding the vehicle, before setting out on the road, check, at a minimum, the correct operation of the lights and tyre pressure, and ensure the correct placement of all luggage, allowing maximum visibility for the driver at all times, and not placing objects in the rear tray of the vehicle that could cause damage in the event of sudden braking.



While driving, always be cautious, paying attention at all times and respecting traffic rules: speed, safety distance, seat belts for all passengers, etc.

### Do Not Even Touch your Mobile!

Using a mobile phone when driving is a serious risk to road safety as it Is one of the principal causes of distractions, and is grouped within the so-called “fatal 4”.



But, these days, mobile phones are not only for speaking to people on, they have “smart” facilities that let us send and receive messages, update our social networks, take pictures, check our bank, and many more functions beside, all of which are not permitted when driving.



In fact, in order to deal with this multiuse functionality, the most recent change in the law in Spain made it illegal to even hold or touch your device when driving, not only prohibiting its use.



The same applies when stopped in traffic, or at a traffic light, you are still engaged in the function of driving, and so checking, touching or even holding your mobile phone is still prohibited.



However, the one thing you are permitted to use your mobile phone for when driving is mapping and routing functionality. If you do though, the same rules still apply. You must not touch it or hold it. Create your route before you set off, and if you need to change it, find a safe and legal place to stop and park before you reprogram the device. Because you cannot hold it, your phone in this case must also be held securely by an approved holder or cradle that does not interfere with your primary field of vision.



Other than the driver, the other vehicle occupants are permitted to use their mobile phone, but must not distract the driver.

### New Driving Licence to be Implemented in January

As of January 1, 2024, the DGT will allow those over 16 years of age to obtain a type B1 driving licence. This is a new category for driving licences in Spain, although similar exists in some other countries, and is aimed at giving younger people more mobility.



With the new B1 licence, people between the ages of 16 and 18 will be able to drive vehicles that do not exceed 60 km/h in any case, and are technically classed as quadricycles, although that technical definition does include some small vehicles that look like cars, in the same way as what is commonly referred to as a “microcar” is, by technical definition, a moped, or ciclomotor.



This licence is considered an entry into mobility for young people, so that they can get used to driving and the realities of traffic before they move onto more powerful vehicles, so that once they reach the age of 18, they will already have a practical knowledge of the roads and will therefore, in theory, be able to continue their literal journey safer than if they start with a car.



A number of brands are already publishing information about some of the vehicles available that satisfy the criteria. Be careful though, much in the same way that microcars were advertised by some dealers as being vehicles you can “drive without a licence”, this is not true. You do need a licence, albeit not a traditional B car licence, which is why the B1 was created. You are able to drive these vehicles if you have a full class B licence incidentally, and in fact some can be driven by AM licence holders.



Citroën are offering the AMI which fulfils the characteristics, which does not even reach 50 km/h and can be obtained for around 7,000 euro depending on discounts.



The Renault Twizy e-tech measures 2.34 metres long. It has 100 kilometres of autonomy and can be purchased from 12,105 euro.



e-Aixam, the most famous European microcar brand, offers e-Aixam Coupé GTI, which has an attractive design and very good finishes. It has 130 kilometres of autonomy but will set you back over 20, 000 euro, for which you could buy a Kia Ceed, Renault Clio, or Fiat 500, and still have change.



The other benefit of the new licence is that is means that it will encourage electric mobility to be promoted, which is great news for brands and for the economy of Spain. Most of the quadricycles for sale are electric, hence the direct relationship with the growth of this sector.

### Temporary Road Signs

Although specific campaigns are conducted throughout the year, as well as consistent monitoring or the roads, the latest published data is from 2022, when in a single week, 3,400 drivers were fined for exceeding the maximum permitted speed in zones where the limit had been reduced temporarily, such as in sections of road works.



Two years ago, in 2021, there were more than 150 incidents in which maintenance workers were affected, 2 of them dying due to collisions in these areas.



There are priorities of road signs and types in Spain, at the top of the chain being officers directing traffic. In other words, if a police officer indicate that you should carry out any kind of move or manoeuvre, then that instruction overrules any other road sign you might see.



Temporary road signs have a yellow background, and they take priority over the standard road sign. So, if you see a yellow-backed circular sign displaying the number 60, and a white-backed circular sign displaying the number 80, then the yellow sign takes priority, and therefore the maximum permitted speed indicated in this example is 60 kilometres per hour.







Of course, as in all cases, the established limit is a maximum, not a target, and it does not mean you should travel at that speed if the conditions demand you drive slower.



We must always head road signs, but we must also pay attention to them, as they might change without us being aware, such as in the example given.



As a final warning, temporary radar and speed detectors are going to become increasingly used in these area in order to educate drivers through enforcement of the need to slow down.

### Parkinson’s Signs that could indicate the Onset of the Disease

Parkinson’s is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system, specifically the nerve cells that control movement. It is characterised by a gradual loss of dopamine-producing neurons in a region of the brain called black matter.



It is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, after Alzheimer’s disease.



The symptoms of the disease, and the most recognised ones, are motor symptoms: tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia or slowness in movements, gait alteration, and postural reflexes.



There may also be changes in the voice, facial expression, and handwriting. As the disease progresses, the symptoms can worsen, and other problems may appear, such as depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders.



Doctor Erika Torres, head of the Advanced Neuroscience Unit at Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante, explains what Parkinson’s disease symptoms consist of, the tests for its detection, and which risk factors are modifiable.



Frequent Age of Parkinson’s



The disease usually appears in the sixth decade of life, and the risk of it developing increases with age, however, it is not uncommon to be diagnosed before 50 or 40 years of age.



Parkinson’s Symptoms in Adult Patients



Motor Symptoms



Motor symptoms are an essential part of the diagnostic criteria and the key symptoms of the disease.



Motor symptoms include a tremor, although not all patients with tremors have Parkinson’s disease, and not all Parkinson’s disease patients present tremors.



There are patients that, on the other hand, show movement defects where rigidity and slowness in movements predominate, associated with diminished facial expression and gait instability.



There can also be alterations in posture and postural reflexes, responsible for the falls suffered by these patients, generally in more advanced stages of the disease.



Non-Motor Symptoms



As for the non-motor symptoms, these are related to: gastrointestinal alterations (constipation), cognitive alterations, sleep alterations, dysautonomic alterations, language alterations, pain, and emotional alterations such as anxiety and despondency.



Tests for Parkinson’s Diagnosis



The diagnosis of the disease is clinical, and is mainly based on the interview with the patient and a physical examination by a neurologist with experience in the movement disorder field. However, there are also complementary examinations that can help reach a diagnosis in questionable or somewhat more complex cases. For this, a general blood test is performed, along with a cranial CT scan or a cerebral MRI, which help rule out systemic diseases and structural cerebral pathologies that may produce similar symptoms.



“We must consider that not all patients present all symptoms or evolve in the same way, since this disease has a significant variability in its expression,” explains Dr Torres.



Parkinson’s, a Hereditary Disease?



Most Parkinson’s disease cases have an idiopathic cause; however, there is a small percentage that is related to family inheritance and, therefore, is or genetic origin. This would be approximately 15% of cases.



To be somewhat more specific, around 2-3% of cases of late onset will be caused by a mutation, and 50% of cases of early onset will also be traced to a genetic cause.



We can group risk factors into two categories: genetic and non-genetic.



As for non-genetic factors, these in turn can be divided into modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.



Non-Modifiable Risk Factors



Non-modifiable risk factors are age, gender, and race.



Getting older can increase the risk of developing the disease, but it does not seem to be the main aetiological risk factor.



It is unlikely for gender to influence the risk of suffering from the disease, but it is slightly more common in men than in women.



Additionally, the disease has been observed to be less prevalent on the African continent, compared to Europe and North America.



Modifiable Risk Factors



Modifiable risk factors include smoking and exposure to pesticides, which increase the risk of developing the disease, while physical exercise, when practised energetically in middle age, can protect us from suffering this pathology; consumption of caffeine or tea also seems to protect us from developing Parkinson’s disease.



At Quirónsalud we have specialists in Advanced Neuroscience to help you detect the symptoms of the disease. Bring your questions to the team.

### It is Mandatory to Carry a Spare Wheel in Spain, but Not Always

In Spain, it is mandatory for vehicles to carry a spare wheel (and the tools to change it), along with other items which must be carried in the vehicle. Some modern cars however do not have spare wheels, but rather have an emergency “get home” kit, which is designed to get you to a place of safety in order to have the tyre repaired. These too, if they are standard or certified, are allowed.



However, despite the ruling, there are certain vehicles which are exempt from the mandatory requirement to carry a spare wheel.



Before we explain the exception, it is important to note that the tyres are amongst the most important and safety critical elements of a vehicle and must be cared for and checked on a regular basis. In the event of you suffering a puncture, you must not drive with a tyre in this state, and should replace the wheel if it’s safe to do so, or summon help by the roadside, or use your emergency kit to get you to the nearest place where you can have the problem rectified by a professional, which most likely will result in having to replace both tyres on the same axle, but this, although perhaps more expensive than we might like, is the safest option.



If you have a full-sized spare wheel, you can continue as normal once you have changed it, but bear in mind that you will possibly now have an imbalance on the tread between wheels, so it is worth getting it checked. Emergency wheels, and emergency kits are designed only to get you to a place where you can take appropriate remedial action, but you should check any restrictions on distance, weight and speed.



Driving with worn or damaged tyres is an offence, but stopping to repair the situation in the wrong place on the road can also result in a fine, as it is potentially dangerous. If there is any doubt, get to a place of safety and summon help. Remember to use your high visibility vest, hazard lights, and warning triangles or emergency beacon, if appropriate.



Having said all of the above, the regulations require most vehicles to carry one of the systems mentioned, but there are the exceptions we are talking about. Specifically, the DGT refers to commercial vehicles, although not all.



Along with cars, vans and light trucks, whose weight is less than 3,500 kg, are required to always carry a spare wheel or an anti-puncture kit. This is established by the regulations: "Vehicles transporting people or goods weighing up to 3,500 kg must have a spare wheel, which can be for temporary use or a complete wheel, or an alternative system".



On the other hand, vehicles that exceed that weight are not required to carry a spare wheel. The reason is obvious, as these tyres and wheels are so heavy, no single driver could change a wheel. In addition, heavy vehicles are often equipped with different types of tyres, depending on their use and location.

### The Rare Occasion the Speed Limit Can be Exceeded in Spain

Inappropriate speed is one of the deadliest contributors to road traffic incidents globally, and Spain is no exception. We must always drive within the maximum permitted speed limit, and always appropriate to the conditions. However, in Spain, there is one very rare occasion where the speed limit can be exceeded by up to 30 kilometres per hour.



Again, to stress, this is a rare exception, and must be authorised, which we will explain in a second, but to be clear, we are not talking about overtaking on conventional roads. You may have been aware of a law which allowed you to exceed the speed limit in certain circumstances when overtaking on conventional roads, but that exception no longer applies. You are not permitted to exceed the speed limit in those circumstances anymore.



The exception we are talking about refers to some vehicles that are in the testing or experimentation phase and that have a special permit granted (to the manufacturer, importers, official laboratories...) and that do not yet have the final ordinary registration.



These vehicles are distinguished by what is known as the V-12 signal, a red plate with a black frame and with the letters FV (fabricante de vehículos) inscribed in white. This sign must be placed one in the front and one in the rear of the vehicle, in both cases next to the number plate.







These vehicles may only exceed said speed on the itinerary previously established with the DGT for the test, which also in no case may be urban roads, crossings or sections in which there is specific signage that limits speed.



Remember, this is a rare exception, that must be approved, but if you see a vehicle displaying the V-12, you now know what it means, and that it, and it alone, has a temporary exception to the maximum permitted speed for an approved area of road.

### What to do if the Guardia Civil stops you on the road

When out and about in your vehicle, it is possible that you will come across a police or Guardia Civil patrol, whether routinely moving through their area, or at a checkpoint, and it is quite possible that we may get stopped for a variety of reasons, so it is important we know how to act.



We are talking specifically about the actions of the Guardia Civil, but similar will apply with other security bodies.



If you are approaching a checkpoint, you must obey the instructions of the officers. They may ell wave you through, or they may choose to stop you. Sometimes, at these checkpoints, a specific road sign is used, which is a red circle with a black band in the middle. The meaning of this sign is that you must not pass without stopping, unless instructed to pass by the officers.







On the other hand, you may be stopped on the roadside. The Guardia Civil will use flashing red lights if they are behind you to indicate that they want you to stop. They will use white lights if approaching from the front. You must pull your vehicle over as soon as possible, but in a safe and legal place.







Once stopped, switch off the engine, turn on the interior light if you are stopped at night, and make sure that your hands are visible. Do not panic though, just follow the procedure and the instructions of the officers.



The officer will most likely approach your vehicle on the passenger side, the safest side from the traffic flow, and so you should open the passenger window. The officer will explain the reason for stopping you, and will then most likely ask for your documents, which you must present. Again, follow the instructions and requests of the officer, who may ask you to exit the vehicle. If they do, be alert of the traffic around you and act accordingly.  



The officers are legally permitted to search your vehicle, if they choose to, looking for illegal items. Do not prevent this search, if the officers deem it necessary. Often, particularly at checkpoints, the officers are looking for specific items.



Once the officer has dealt with the reason for stopping you, which could have just been a routine document check, or could have been because of an infraction, for example, they will most likely allow you to proceed, unless they feel it appropriate to confiscate or impound the vehicle. This is not common in the case of simple stops.



The officers will assist you and guide you back into the flow of traffic, so, again, follow their instructions, as they may stop the main carriageway to allow you to join safely.



Above all, in these circumstances, do not panic, stay calm, listen to and comply with the instructions of the officers, and you will be on your way as soon as possible.




https://youtu.be/Nc3-VjPbvug

### Chronic heartburn: Find out if you need surgery to relieve it

Heartburn, also known as acid reflux or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a common condition that can affect many people's quality of life.



Although there are several treatments to control the symptoms of heartburn, in some cases surgery may be necessary to get lasting relief.



Dr. Juan Antonio Casellas, specialist in Digestive System of Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante, explains what heartburn is, when to consider surgery and the surgical options available at Quirónsalud.  



What is heartburn?



Heartburn occurs when stomach acids back up into the oesophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest (heartburn).



"Symptoms can include: burning, regurgitation, chest pain, chronic cough, and difficulty swallowing," explains Dr. Casellas.



While lifestyle changes and medications can control heartburn in most cases, there are situations where surgery may be an effective option.



At Quirónsalud they have an expert team in the treatment of this type of pathology of the digestive system.



Causes of heartburn



The main cause of heartburn is gastroesophageal reflux, that is, the passage of acid from the gastric cavity into the oesophagus. This can occur when the gastroesophageal junction fails, that is, the relaxation of the lower oesophageal sphincter or in patients with hiatal hernia.



Effective Tips to Reduce Heartburn



To prevent heartburn it is very important that we change our eating habits trying to avoid, as much as possible, those foods that favour acidity and gastro-oesophageal reflux.



1. High-fat meals: fried and sausages.



2. Very copious meals.



3. Coffee and caffeinated beverages.



4. High-proof alcoholic beverages.



5. Chocolates, citrus fruits and hot spices.



Dr. Casellas explains that "it is important to let time pass to go to bed after food intake or to perform physical exercise, thus avoiding enhancing the symptoms of heartburn."



Surgery to remove heartburn



Heartburn surgery is considered when symptoms are not adequately controlled, with lifestyle changes and medications, or when complications such as esophagitis, oesophageal stenosis, or hiatal hernia occur.



In addition, surgery may be considered in young patients who want to wean themselves off long-term medications.



At Quirónsalud, experts in the digestive system perform this type of intervention to reduce the symptoms of heartburn.



Importantly, surgery for heartburn should be evaluated and performed by a surgeon who specializes in digestive disorders. The risks and benefits of each procedure should be considered and discussed with the doctor to make an informed decision.



Dangers of Reflux for Patients



The symptoms of heartburn do not pose any vital risk to the patient per se.



The only thing that will force you to depend on drugs such as antacids and inhibitors of stomach acid secretion (omeprazole).



It is important to consult with your specialist doctor to guide you in the measures to take.



Surgery can be an effective option for those suffering from chronic heartburn and don't find relief with lifestyle changes and medications, Dr. Casellas explains.



It is essential to consult a specialized health professional to evaluate the need and feasibility of surgery in each particular case, as in the case of Quirónsalud specialists. Don't hesitate to seek medical attention and explore all available options to find the most appropriate treatment for you.

### UK Licence Holders – Clarification Point

There have been a number of reports based on a recent press release from the British Embassy regarding the importance of UK driving licence holders to change their licence for a Spanish version before the end of this extended and final deadline in September.



Although of course the information from the Embassy is correct, we have seen statements reported in some newspapers such as “…it will no longer be legal to drive on Spanish roads with a UK licence”, or “UK licences will no longer be valid in Spain”, for example. These statements are not true.



The ruling, and the agreement, applies to those UK licence holders who are living in Spain, residents in other words. If you are living in Spain and have a UK licence, in that case it will no longer be valid, but UK licences will still be valid in Spain for those visiting the country, such as tourists. You should always check with the Government websites regarding rules for Brits visiting the EU after Brexit, it is important to only check trusted sources of information, but on this occasion, to repeat the point, it is only those living in Spain who still have a UK driving licence who are affected.



That said, if this describes your situation, you really must take action immediately, as time is running out, and if you fail to exchange your licence before the September deadline, your next course of action will be to have to take both a theory and practical driving test in Spain, and undergo minimum driver training, as that will be the only way of obtaining a valid driving licence in Spain following the UK withdrawal from the EU.



Once again, this ruling only affects those living in Spain. Visitors and tourists with a UK licence will still be permitted to drive in Spain, although other restrictions will apply.

### How to Avoid Getting Caught by Speed Cameras

Although devices that detect notify you of speed radars and the presence of the security bodies are prohibited, with hefty fines for just owning such a device, there are ways that you can be informed of certain speed cameras, which therefore allows you to avoid getting caught out.



Firstly, we need to explain that although that opening paragraph might seem contradictory, it is factually accurate, because there is a difference in what we are talking about. The “detectors” notify you of both fixed and mobile speed detectors. The notification of the mobile speed detectors is prohibited. As for the fixed camera and radar network, the DGT traffic authority actually WANTS you to know where they are.



The reason is simple. Fixed cameras and radars are always installed in areas which are prone to incidents, what we might call “black spots”, and so as much as they are capable of enforcement through fines, for a large part, they are installed to serve as a deterrent. To slow vehicles down to within the permitted limits of the roads, so as to avoid the risky behaviour which the areas have previously experienced.



The DGT has 780 fixed speed control radars, of which 92 are section ones (such as in the tunnel near Alicante, for example), and 545 mobile radars on board vehicles, as well as more than a dozen Pegasus helicopter radars. The location of the fixed network is public, and you can even see their locations on the DGT website, whilst the mobile radars change constantly and are not usually announced.



Several apps on the market will tell you where the fixed radars are located. Google Maps is the most widespread, but there are also others, some which work in the background. Be careful though, because sharing the location of a traffic control is also illegal, and some of these apps facilitate this.



To begin with, we must have the latest version of the Google Maps application installed. Then we will open the app and click on the profile picture on the top right. In "Settings" we will enter "Navigation Settings" (towards the bottom of the menu). There, within "Driving options" we will activate the "Speed ​​limits" and "Speedometer" options. Then go back to the map.



You may need to activate the “traffic” layer in the app. In that case, we will press the layers button, which looks like a diamond, located in the upper right corner. In the “Details” menu select “Traffic”. This will activate the layer that will inform you of each radar found on your route, and will also show you the traffic conditions on the map, including congestion and incidents.



Finally, you are permitted to use mapping devices on your mobile whilst driving, but the device must be fixed securely and safely to the vehicle, and you must not touch the device when driving. Stop your vehicle if you need to change anything.

### DGT Traffic Helicopter Crashes in Almeria

A DGT traffic helicopter crashed on Friday whilst landing in Almeria.



The incident occurred in the La Mojonera municipality which the aircraft was performing a landing manoeuvre.



Although an investigation will be carried out, it is thought that the aircraft my have struck an object.



No fatalities were reported either in the DGT crew or on the ground.



Another DGT helicopter crashed in Madrid in May this year.

### How Many Beers Am I Allowed to Drink Before Driving?

It is a common question, how many beers can I drink before driving, or glasses of wine, and before we delve deeper into the legislation, the first thing we must and will always say is that the only safe limit is zero. So please, don’t consume any alcohol before driving.



However, in Spain, there is an allowance for alcohol, although it is much lower than many countries, including the UK.



Alcohol checks are frequent on the roads of Spain, normally conducted with a breathalyser at the roadside initially, although those findings can always be backed up with blood tests if needed.



Alcohol Limits in Spain:



Again, to repeat ourselves, the only safe limit is zero. However…



The generic maximum alcohol limit in Spain are 0.5 grams per litre of alcohol in blood and 0.25 milligrams per litre of alcohol breathed out.



For new drivers, the maximum limits are 0.3 grams per litre of alcohol in the blood and 0.15 milligrams per litre of alcohol in the breath.



For professional drivers, throughout the Spanish territory, the limits are 0.3 grams per litre of alcohol in blood and 0.15 milligrams per litre of alcohol in the breath.



So, How Many Beers Can You Drink?



There is no definitive answer to that question, as we all differ in size, shape and tolerance. Stand next to anybody near you, and you will see that.



However, as a general guide, the DGT says that with just two small beers, a person weighing around 70 kilograms could give a positive breathalyser test.



Be Responsible!



Despite the limits, we should not be playing around, nor should we try to push those limits to the edge. It is not only our own lives we are risking, but those of others on the roads.



Remember, alcohol can have an immediate effect, but that effect can also linger, so even if you have left the car at home because you are going for a “heavy” night out, you may still be over the limit, and affected by alcohol, the morning after.

### More than 8.5 million road trips expected this long weekend

As the penultimate operation of the summer season is launched on the road network this weekend, the DGT expects more than 8.5 million road trips as those who have been on holiday on the coast return inland, meeting the last main batch of holidaymakers travelling to the coast, all mixing with the usual summer weekend traffic, all complicated by the fact Tuesday is a national holiday, thus extending the weekend for many.







The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) launches this Special Operation from 3:00 p.m. on Friday, through the weekend, and including the “bridge” to conclude on Tuesday 15 August as midnight.



In these 5 days, Traffic forecasts that there will be 8,550,000 movements, both long and short-haul. During this long weekend, in addition to the departure and return trips due to the change of fortnight, they will join those made to coastal towns and beaches or areas of second residence because it is a few days of leisure and rest at the end of week within the typically holiday month, which is August.



In addition, this weekend festivities are held in a large number of towns in the national territory, so short-distance trips will also increase to travel to them, both on the main road network and on secondary roads, especially in the nights and early mornings of these days of Special Operation.



For this reason, Traffic urges drivers to take extreme road safety measures and, especially, not to drive under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs. For this reason, the preventive measures of speed, alcohol and drug control will be intensified by the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, also coinciding the operation with the special campaign of surveillance and control of alcohol and drugs that, both the agents of the Guardia Civil, as well as the Local Police, will carry out from Monday the 14th, with the aim of raising awareness about the risk posed by the sum of alcohol and/or drug use and driving.



For all of us to enjoy these days of leisure and rest, it is important to insist that alcohol and drugs can never go hand in hand with driving any type of vehicle.



Special Measures



To provide coverage for this operation and ensure that all planned movements are safe, Tráfico has established a series of traffic regulation, management and surveillance measures for which it has the maximum availability of its human resources: agents from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, civil servants from the 8 Traffic Management Centres and personnel in charge of maintaining equipment and installing road measures, in addition to personnel from the emergency services.



Regarding material resources, the DGT has 780 fixed speed control radars, of which 92 are section, 545 mobile radars that can be embarked on vehicles of the Guardia Civil, 245 cameras and 15 Camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts. The DGT also has helicopters and drones for surveillance from the air and unmarked vehicles and motorcycles that will circulate on all types of roads in order to verify the correct behaviour of drivers while driving.



In order to favour circulation in the most conflictive areas, reversible and additional lanes with cones will be installed in the hours of greatest traffic flow and alternative itineraries will be established. Likewise, works on the highways will be stopped, the holding of sports events and other events that involve the occupation of the road will be limited, and the circulation of merchandise trucks in general and those that transport certain merchandise will be restricted in certain sections, dates and hours.



Avoid the Busiest Hours



The traffic forecasts prepared by the DGT contemplate that on Friday afternoon, mainly between 4:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m., there will be significant movements of vehicles that will cause high intensities and traffic problems at the exits of large cities, as well as in the main communication routes of access to the tourist areas of the coast, second residence and populations in festivals.



On Saturday morning (from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.) the intense traffic leaving urban centres will continue, as well as in destination areas late in the morning, which will be added to the usual short-distance access to beaches and for the festivities in numerous populations throughout the national geography.



On Sunday the 13th, the morning accesses to the coast and the roads that connect coastal towns with access to beaches will be conflictive, as well as the accesses of the large urban centres in local movements and short-distance routes to leisure, recreation and recreation close to them, making their return late in the evening. In the afternoon, especially between 7:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m., the return of those who have enjoyed this summer weekend will begin, this being with less traffic intensity than other Sundays in summer because Tuesday the 15th is a holiday throughout Spain.



Monday will be the quietest day of this special operation, with the usual movements in and out of large urban centres taking place as it is a working day. In the morning, the access roads to the coast and those that connect coastal towns with access to beaches will also be conflictive and, in the afternoon, movements will be observed leaving the large urban centres because the next day is a holiday and also because of the change fortnight vacation.



On Tuesday the 15th in the morning, there may be traffic problems at the accesses to the coast and on the roads that connect coastal towns with access to the beaches, and in the afternoon (from 6:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.) the return of those who are ending their days will begin and problems may arise in the main communication road axes that channel all the return movement from the tourist areas of the coast, rest and second residences towards the accesses of the large urban centres.



Always Drive Responsibly



When traveling to fiesta towns, whether during the day or at night, never let your guard down even if it is short journeys, wear your seat belt, respect speed limits and road signs.



When going to make the trip to or from towns, if alcohol has been ingested, do not look for excuses to drive even if the maximum allowed has not been reached. It is better to let someone who has not drunk drive, consider the possibility of using public transport or even rest and spend the night at the destination, in hostels, hotels, etc., or in your own car until you can make the trip in the better driving conditions.



On long journeys, make sure that the vehicle is in optimal condition, checking, at least, the lighting, the state of the brakes and the tyres.



Plan the trip by the safest route and avoiding the most conflictive hours to avoid unforeseen events. The twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes or the news bulletins on radio and television, as well as on the 011 telephone, provide information on the traffic situation in real time and any incidents that may exist. You can also check the traffic situation on the DGT website, updated in real time.



Take breaks every two hours. Fatigue and sleepiness while driving are potentially deadly.

### If You Lose All Your Driving Licence Points, You Can Still Drive (In Limited Situations)

Generally speaking, Spanish driving licence holders have 12 points, which can increase to a maximum of 15, if you do not commit any infractions, and new drivers start with less, but they can be lost quite easily, and the loss of all of your points means you can no longer drive, with limited exceptions.



In 2006 the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) introduced the points system in Spain, which differs to the UK for example, as in Spain you have an allocation which you lose in the event of committed certain offences. The objective was to make drivers aware of the importance of respecting the rules behind the wheel, with a points plan that would be exhausted if you were fined repeatedly or if the offence was serious. If your points ran out, you can wait to recover them over time, or sit a course to recover points, again, once a limited period had elapsed.



In Spain it is possible to drive legally even without having any points, and it is due to a problem that accompanies other services, institutions and others. There is a bureaucratic vacuum in the administrative system of the State road safety agency, a gap caused by delays in the management of procedures. This period of time allows you to drive without any points on your licence.



In the event that you have lost all points from your driving licence, you should receive a notification informing you of the total loss of points. If no such notification occurs, the driver may continue driving. The reason is that you may be unaware that you have no points, since you have not been notified. And we already know that driving without points is illegal, it cannot be done, as it would have serious legal consequences.



You must also be aware that notifications are gradually switching to a digital form, which would be delivered electronically.



You may have changed your address and you do not receive such notification (although this in itself can lead to a sanction), or it may be delayed due to other circumstances. And that's not all, because the driver has the right to present allegations and appeal the sanction, which further delays the withdrawal of the licence. This administrative procedure could take two months, during which time the driver could continue driving without points on the licence.



There is a case where the withdrawal is immediate. If it is by judicial means, the application of the measure will be instant, without the need for notification. It would be for an offence considered a crime, such as driving under the excessive influence of alcohol, speeding and omission of duty to help. In these cases, a judge orders the withdrawal of the licence.

### New Cameras to Detect STOP Violations

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has begun testing two surveillance systems to detect those who skip stop signs or continuous lines at junctions.



The Stop sign is one of the most important in the catalogue of road signs, and yet it is also one of the least respected, with far too many drivers failing to stop, and, although they slow down, continue through the junction.



Although there is no specific time for how long a vehicle must stop, it must be brought to a complete halt. Motorcyclist must also put one foot on the ground. The pilot project is capable of detecting, automatically, the correct action before this signal and issues a sanction automatically, at the very moment the infraction takes place.



Failing to stop at a stop sign entails a fine of 200 euro and the withdrawal of four points from the driving licence.



Although the DGT currently uses their fleet of helicopters and drones to monitor this kind of infraction, along with the Guardia Civil patrols on the ground, this new system will mean that monitoring and the issuing of fines will be constant.



The system uses multiple cameras, the first reading the number plate of the vehicle as it approaches, and then the monitoring continues through the junction onto the main carriageway, and if the system detects that the vehicle failed to stop, the fine is automatically issued.



The reason for the system is not to collect fines, it is to reduce the number of incidents where failing to stop at a junction takes place. In the last reported data, a total of 1,093 drivers who were involved in a collision did not respect the stop sign. This is one of the most common offences along with skipping the continuous line, which causes side collisions.

### N332 Magazine - Issue 26 - Summer 2023

It’s that time of year again… Loved by some, dreaded by others… It’s summer, and in this edition of the N332 magazine we are focussing primarily on the most common problems we see on the roads of Spain during summer, many of which are extremely dangerous, and how to avoid a fine, or worse, by not falling into some of the most common traps.



The roads of Spain are always busy at this time of year, but for the remainder of the season, we have two key dates, the weekend around 15 August, a national holiday, then the end of the month, when holiday traffic starts to return to their homes.



We also clear up some doubts that have presented themselves, and continue to do so, like the erroneous reporting of a fine for throwing a cigarette butt from a vehicle, and also about speed limits, which still seems to confuse some people.



We also have great summer advice from our friends at Quironsalud, Torrevieja. It is important to stay healthy all year, but summer brings a new wave of potential problems, as the experts explain.



We have lots of articles to keep you busy reading in this issue, and as always you can get up to date information from the website, n332.es, and follow our partners on Facebook, Ibex Insurance, Coys Rent a Car, and The Leader newspaper.



Until next time, stay safe.

### Summer Driving – Dos and Don´ts – Part 8

In the last of this summer driving dos and don’ts for this year, we have to touch on another common occurrence regarding clothing, having spoke about flip flops last week, and whereas we are generally speaking about men, it doesn’t exclude women, the matter of driving topless.

Again, as we explained last week regarding flip flops, the law does not expressly prohibit driving topless, but as the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) explains, it is a very dangerous act and can be dangerous when driving, and therefore, can result in a fine.

The código de circulación, the laws relating to driving, explains in articles 3.1, 17.1 and 18.1 that any action that prevents safe driving for both the driver and the other occupants of the vehicle must be sanctioned. That is why both practices of inappropriate footwear and not wearing a shirt can result in a fine.

According to the DGT, driving without a shirt is dangerous, since it could cause injuries if the seat belt is activated, as the seat belt will be in direct contact with the skin. Driving topless can result in horrific glass injuries in the event of a collision and can even result in sunburn. In addition to making driving difficult, it can be a major mishap for the driver in the event of a breakdown or accident.

This is also reported frequently by the Guardia Civil on their Twitter account, where they point out, “Driving with flip-flops or without a shirt can condition your freedom of movement and affect safety....and do you know that it is punishable?”

The sanction can vary depending on the interpretation of the officer and the risk that they perceive you have put yourself in. If your actions are considered minor, and not very dangerous, you could face a fine of 80 euro, but if the officer considers that the risk being assumed is greater, you can face a fine of up to 200 euro and the withdrawal of three points on the driving licence.

In the same way that driving without a shirt can carry a penalty, doing it with flip-flops can have the same result.

Remember also that you must maintain the correct posture when driving, or when travelling as a passenger, which is why, although it may be tempting, as we have explained throughout this series, which you can look back on through previous editions or on the website, putting your arm out of the window, or if a vehicle occupant puts their feet up on the dashboard, which is an extremely stupid thing to do as the injuries in the event of a collision would be catastrophic, not being secure in the vehicle, whether that is you, your passengers, goods, or animals, and not being properly dressed, can all result in a fine.

### Torrevieja Traffic Warning - 05/06 August 2023

Throughout the month of August, Torrevieja is once again hosting the Brilla Torrevieja event, featuring bands and entertainment held in the Parque Antonio Soria.



However, on the weekend of 5 and 6 August, the controversial Reggaeton Beach Festival (RBF) is taking place in the same location, with the latest estimates from the town hall stating that some 18,000 people are expected to attend.



A number of designated plots have been identified for cars to park, however, many of them are not near the venue, and many of the attendees will not know how to find them. There are small signs littered around, but most of these are not clearly visible, especially to those new to the area who should rightly be concentrating on the road.



The organiser´s website is directing everyone to the Parque Antonio Soria, where the Friday market is normally held (it was cancelled this week to make space for RBF), where there are just 654 parking spaces allocated. There is no information on the organiser’s website as to where the parking is located. In fact, there is little published information of where to park.



The result of this is that the surrounding roads are expected to collapse with considerably more traffic than they are designed for, and with poorly placed parking that might well descend into chaos, as festival goers are keen to get into the venue, and the police do their best to direct them to one of the insufficient distant car parks.



As a direct consequence of this, it is fully expected that the traffic collapse will also impact the N-332 main road, and that too will become saturated, even more than is usual for this time of year.



Here are the key times for the event.



12:00 Pre-validation of tickets.



15:00 Gates to the venue open.



17:00 (approximately) the first performances start.



24:00 Event closes.



The best advice we can give you is unless you are attending the event, avoid the area, especially during the key times. If you do have to visit the area, make sure you take water with you at least, as your journey will be disrupted, and you need to stay hydrated.



If you are attending the event, we have obtained a map of car parks, which is below, so please consult that and direct your journey to one of the car parks, rather than the venue location, and then (sorry) walk to Parque Antonio Soria (again, remembering water, at least).



For those passing Torrevieja, the motorway is an option. You will have to pay tolls, but even that could be preferable to being stuck on the N-332 as a result of the chaos caused by this event.



Another alternative is to just stay at home. Goldeneye is on ITV, and a Harry Potter film on ITV2, or you could get a sense of busy roads by watching the cycling on BBC One, or the classis 1949 film, Whisky Galore on BBC Two.



If you are venturing out, please allow extra time for your journey, stay calm and refreshed, observe the traffic regulations and make sure you follow the instructions of those directing traffic if you come across them. Stay safe and in the words of Sergeant Phil Esterhaus (Michael Conrad) in Hill Street precinct (Hill Street Blues), "Hey, let's be careful out there."

### Throwing Cigarettes from Vehicles – The Truth!

You may have read or heard in some English language medias that the DGT are clamping down on those who throw cigarettes from their vehicles.



This is an ongoing problem, and causes a lot of potentially deadly consequences, and so it is something which can result in a fine. The same applies for throwing anything from a vehicle incidentally.



However, in one English language publication, then amplified by others who simply repeat and copy stories without checking, they state that the fine is 200 euro and the loss of 4 points from the dicing licence. This is NOT TRUE.



The law was changed early in 2022, and the actual fine is 500 euro, and the loss of 6 points.



The penalty can be much higher, as can the consequences, and so although we applaud any warnings not to carry out this potentially deadly and catastrophic action, we also feel that the information must be correct.



You can find the full details of the change in the law on the DGT website, which one of the articles actually links to and still they got it wrong, presumably because they simply didn´t check, and we have a detailed article about smoking in cars in Spain here.

### Summer Driving – Dos and Don´ts – Part 7

We couldn’t get through a series about summer driving dos and don’ts without mention a topic that always rears its ugly head around this time of year, the question of whether you are allowed to drive in flip flops!

To answer this question clearly, let us say should you drive in flip flops? And answer, no, absolutely not, because it can be extremely dangerous, as your foot can easily slip out of the shoe. There are numerous cases of flip flops getting trapped between the pedals of vehicles, sometimes with devastatingly fatal consequences, which could so easily have been avoided by wearing appropriate footwear.

However, that said, if we ask the question, is it illegal to drive in flip flops, then the answer is mostly no.

The reason that this second question leads to an ambiguous answer is that there is no specific law which says you must not drive wearing flip flops. However, there are laws which dictate that as a driver you must always be in full control of the vehicle. If you are wearing inappropriate footwear and are involved in an incident, a collision, or are caught committing an offence, then it can be immediately deduced that you were not in full control of the vehicle, in which case your inappropriate footwear, flip flops for example, can be taken into consideration, and can therefore see you with an additional fine.

When you drive with flip flops if becomes easier to be involved in an incident. When you drive back home from the beach, for example, your flip flops are often wet and have sand on them, therefore you have a high risk of losing your flip flops while driving or when you use your car pedals. With Flip flops you cannot break or accelerate properly, ALL these factors can end in a traffic incident or infraction and in these cases, you can be fined for driving with inappropriate footwear.

Wearing appropriate footwear is a must when driving. When you think about the physical process required to make a vehicle go, turn, or stop, all the actions are performed by our hands and feet.

If we consider a driver who is barefoot, for example, there is nothing illegal about this, but controlling the clutch, and even the brakes, can require a lot of pressure, which may prove difficult if a driver is barefoot. Feet can sweat and reduce the traction and wearing of socks or stockings is not ideal either, on account of the pressure needed.

Flip flops and sandals are considered by far the most dangerous of all inappropriate footwear. Shoes which don´t fit securely may fall off when driving and can get in the way of the pedals as we have explained. Equally dangerous is how the foot can slip whilst the shoe remains in contact with the pedal, thus reducing braking time and causing a considerable risk when stopping.

### Busy Roads This Weekend for Next Summer Operation

The DGT traffic department forecasts almost 8 million road trips will take place this weekend, more than 49 million throughout the month. Long-distance trips both outbound and inbound will be added to the usual weekends of the summer period.



On the occasion of the beginning of the month of August, the most important in terms of vehicle movements this summer, the General Directorate of Traffic launches tomorrow, Friday, July 28, and until midnight on Tuesday, August 1, the "Special Operation August 1" with the aim of providing coverage to the 8,780,000 movements planned for these days, out of the 49,339,000 that are expected to take place throughout the month of August.



Special Operation August 1



These days will coincide on the road with the movements of vehicles generated by the beginning of the holiday month of August, long-distance journeys in the direction of departure from large urban centres, with those of return of those who end their holidays in the month of July, united in addition, to the usual departure/return trips for the weekend of the summer period.



For this reason, during these days Tráfico has established a series of measures to regulate, organise and monitor traffic in order to provide security coverage for the millions of short and long-haul journeys planned.



To provide coverage for this operation and ensure that all these movements are safe, Tráfico has the maximum availability of its human resources: agents from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, civil servants from the 8 Traffic Management Centres and personnel in charge maintenance of equipment and the installation of measures on the road, in addition to the personnel of the emergency services. Regarding material resources, the DGT has 780 fixed speed control cameras, of which 92 are section, 545 mobile radars that can be carried on Guardia Civil vehicles, 245 cameras and 15 camouflaged vans to control mobile phone and seat belt use.



Circulation forecasts and measurements



Forecasts prepared by Tráfico contemplate that the largest increase in vehicles will take place on Friday afternoon, mainly between 4:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m., which will cause high intensity and traffic problems at the exits of large cities, as well as in the main communication routes of access to the tourist areas of the coast. To these movements in the outbound direction due to the beginning of the August holidays will be added those that will take place at the beginning of the summer weekend.



On Saturday morning (from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.) the intense traffic leaving urban centres and on itineraries that connect coastal towns, beaches and accesses to the coast will continue, as well as areas of second residence that may have traffic problems. In the evening, it will also be possible to observe movements of return to the big cities of those who finish their vacations in the month of July and bring their return forward to this day.



On Sunday morning, the accesses to the coast and the roads that connect coastal towns with access to the beaches will be conflictive and, in the afternoon, especially between 6:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m., the return of those who have enjoyed the end of summer week, as well as those who end their vacations in the month of July, presenting high traffic intensities and circulation problems in the main communication road axes that channel all the return movement from the tourist areas of the coast, and second residences, towards the accesses of the large urban centres.



On Monday the 31st, the usual entry/exit movements of large cities on a working day will coincide, with exit movements (between 7:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m.) due to the beginning of the August holiday month.



Finally, on Tuesday, August 1, there could be a greater intensity of traffic in the outbound direction (from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m.) due to the start of the tourist season for apartments, hotels and places of residence this month, which will join to the usual entry / exit at rush hour because it is a working day.



As is common in special traffic operations, with the aim of favouring circulation in the most conflictive areas, reversible and additional lanes with cones will be installed at peak traffic hours and alternative itineraries will be established. Likewise, works on the highways will be stopped, the holding of sports events and other events that involve the occupation of the road will be limited, and the circulation of trucks in general and those that transport certain goods will be restricted in certain sections, dates and times.



To better prepare the trip



The DGT recommends scheduling your travel plan in advance, avoiding, if possible, the days of massive displacements and the most unfavourable hours and driving preferably during the morning or afternoon, avoiding night driving because night driving causes fatigue and drowsiness.



Before embarking on the trip, it is advisable to carry out a complete check of the vehicle, checking, at least, the lighting, the state of the brakes and the tyres.



During the trip, you can find out about the traffic situation in real time, as well as any incidents that may exist on the twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes, in the news bulletins on radio and television and on the 011 telephone number.

### Summer Driving – Dos and Don´ts – Part 6

In this series about summer driving dos and don’ts, we have looked at keeping ourselves and our passengers safe in the vehicle, by not doing things like putting our feet on the dashboard, or our arms out of the window, and keeping ourselves secure by wearing a seat belt properly. This week we are going to look deeper at vehicle security, namely in the carrying of items.

Everything we carry in our vehicles must be carried correctly, and by correctly, we mean it must be secured, and it must not protrude from the vehicle. Also, all vehicle doors, which includes the boot, must be securely closed.

The reason we say this is because another common occurrence on the roads at this time of year is vehicles heavily overloaded, not necessarily by weight, but by volume. There are far too many occurrences when cars are going to or from the beach and are filled with all of the paraphernalia for a day in the sun, like the picnic box, towels, of course, and then perhaps a marque, or tent, inflatables, a surfboard, a table and chairs… The list can go on.

If you are driving a vehicle that is carrying a load in the car, you have to make sure that the load is restrained properly. Load restraint is not just about making sure that the load does not come off, it is also about making sure that the load does not shift in a way that makes the vehicle unsafe to handle or allows the load to crash into the driver’s cabin, which may cause injury or death.

The Spanish Traffic Law requires that any load carried on or in your vehicle must:

Not be placed in a way that makes your vehicle unstable or unsafe.

Be secured so it won’t move or fall from your vehicle while driving—including driving consisting of emergency braking or turning suddenly.

Not project from your vehicle in a way that is likely to injure a person, obstruct the path of other drivers or pedestrians, or damage another vehicle or anything else.

Be restrained using an appropriate load restraint method. Anything on the back seats must be secured with seat belt.

It is advisable that you use the boot, rather than the saloon. In case you need to carry load in the vehicle, use the seat belt to ensure the load, and if you carry heavy things, use a car net, it is forbidden to take heavy load without a load restraint net.

In the case of inflatables, take them uninflated. For the avoidance of doubt, the situation in the image accompanying this article is not permitted.

### Common driving actions that can lead to fines in Spain

As summer gets into full swing, the roads of many countries become awash with foreign vehicles and drivers, and whereas everyone welcomes tourists, it is important that the rules of each country are abided by, which does take a little bit of research beforehand.

Here, we will list some of the common problems frequently witnessed on the roads of Spain by foreign drivers, many of whom don’t know the rules, but are also often committed by those who really should by now know the law.

Throwing objects out of the window

A prohibited gesture and that many of the drivers carry out is to throw objects out of the window. It is also not allowed to "deposit objects on the road that may hinder the circulation, stop or parking of other vehicles".

Smoking paraphernalia poses a serious risk to the environment, as can all too frequently be seen by the increase in wildfires, but any and every object thrown from a vehicle or deposited on the road is also a risk.

Driving with little (or too much) clothing

The General Traffic Regulations do not define the clothing that must be worn, but it does require that it allow you to maintain adequate freedom of movement.

A traffic officer can perceive a risk if a driver is seen wearing a coat that is too thick, for example, or more likely at this time of year, not wearing a shirt.

Similarly, wearing inappropriate footwear such as flip flops may prevent the driver from manoeuvring safely and can easily be identified as a reason for a driver not maintaining full control of a vehicle, and so can result in a fine.

Holding your phone while driving

Even if you are not using it, just holding your mobile phone in your hand is an offence in Spain.

The driver must maintain both hands on the steering wheel at all times, unless engaged in the function of driving, such as changing gears, for example.

Using the horn for no reason

Another gesture that is not allowed is to use the horn when it is not necessary. If it is not used to warn of a danger, you could be fined.

Washing the car in the street

In accordance with the General Traffic Regulations, it is prohibited to wash the car in the street. However, the sanction depends on the local council. On the other hand, it is not allowed to change the oil in the middle of the street.

These actions fall under the same rules as depositing items of risk on the road, such as soapy water, but in addition, also fall foul of environmental laws.

Eating while driving

When you're on a long drive, it can be common to get hungry. In this case, it is best to stop to eat and drink water.

Remember, the driver must be in full control of the vehicle at all times. Hands on the steering wheel, which cannot happen if the driver is eating.

Parking in the same place for too long

In many municipal ordinances there is a time limit for parking on the street, in which the car must be moved or make sure that it can remain parked.

You need to check with the local town halls, but as an example, in some areas of Madrid, the maximum is 5 days, but it is reduced to 2 days in places.

Driving in the left or centre lane

This is one of the gestures that is repeated the most when driving on motorways and dual carriageways.

In Spain, we drive on the right, in fact, generally speaking, as far to the right as possible, and the righthand lane on multiple lane roads is the normal driving lane. Additional lanes are for overtaking only, and you must return to the normal driving lane once the move is completed.

Driving with one hand or sticking your arm out the window

As we have already mentioned, the correct driving position involves having both hands on the steering wheel at all times. Therefore, resting your elbow on the window is not allowed, nor is putting your arm out the window, as this could be interpreted as a hand signal.

Overloading the vehicle

There are many rules regarding carrying goods and items in vehicles, but a common occurrence in summer is vehicles crammed with items such as beach paraphernalia, like inflatables.

You must not overload the vehicle, you must ensure visibility, and you must have all doors (including the boot) securely closed when driving.

### The most common diseases of summer and how to avoid them

The most frequent pathologies for which patients go to the emergency room during the holidays are usually acute-onset external otitis and gastrointestinal problems as the main cause of admission, as stated by Dr.Juan Costell, head of the emergency department of the Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital.



As for otitis, Dr. Costell explains that “otalgia with a history of recent bathing is usually the reason that causes greater care consultation. They are usually secondary external otitis by immersion in swimming pools or in the sea, as is usual at this time of year.” This type of ear infection, caused by the action of moisture, produces an alteration in the epithelium of the external auditory canal, which in turn causes the germs that are usually in the duct to penetrate, causing the infection.



As for its symptoms, the doctor reports that “it manifests as a strong pain in the area and, if the disease progresses, suppuration and narrowness of the ear canal occurs along with a temporary hearing loss since the inflammation does not let the air through”,



Dr. Costell recommends that, after three or four days, after the visit to the emergency room and treatment with topical antibiotic therapy, the patient should visit the otolaryngrine since this pathology can give many problems a posteriori and should be controlled.



In relation to gastrointestinal problems, Dr. Costell points out that, although the care demand is lower than in cases of otitis, the severity of the pathology may even require the patient’s admission. “Acute gastroenteritis is usually accompanied by vomiting, increased number of bowel movements, diarrhoea, high fever and oral intolerance. Most of these problems in summer are due to food poisoning, the main danger being severe dehydration, especially in children and the elderly.”



To prevent a picture of gastrointestinal problems in summer, hand hygiene is essential before preparing food and consuming, preferably, freshly prepared or refrigerated food, since the heat can alter its state.



Summer pathologies, what they are and how to avoid them



Although these pathologies are present all year round, as stated by Dr. José Luis Lasaga, head of  emergencies at Quirónsalud Alicante,  “it is in summer and during the holidays when they manifest themselves in a more recurrent way”. To know what they are and how we can avoid the most common summer diseases, Dr. Lasaga indicates to pay attention to the following points:




Dermatological infections and other of these the most frequent are fungal infections and especially the so-called athlete’s foot, which occurs after stepping on wet ground and previously infected by other people. “To prevent it,” says Dr. Lasaga, “it is important to use flipflops both in swimming pools and showers and dry our feet very well. In case of infection, it will be necessary to use a topical antifungal treatment”



Diseases related to heat and prolonged exposure to high temperatures without adequate ventilation or hydration. “Its symptoms can range from muscle cramps, dizziness, loss of consciousness, to hyperthermia, hypotension, dehydration and death,” explains the specialist of Quirónsalud Torrevieja. The doctor advises avoiding peak hours of sun, proper hydration and keeping the body cool.



Sexually transmitted diseases by increasing the possibility of isolated sexual contact without the use of adequate protective measures. To avoid them, Dr. Lasaga advises the use of condoms to minimise the risk of contracting these diseases. “If this happens, go to your doctor to perform the appropriate complementary tests and establish the appropriate treatment,” says the specialist.



Bites of insects and other animals such as sea urchins, jellyfish, etc. In most cases they cause mild symptoms that are usually controlled with physical and anti-inflammatory measures, “although we must not forget that we must consult with your doctor or go to the emergency services without having symptoms such as dizziness, loss of consciousness, uncontrolled fever, dyspnoea or chest pain”, says Lasaga.




Finally, to spend a good summer without scares the specialists of Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante recommend drinking plenty of fluids, avoiding the hours of increased sun exposure, use of adequate sunscreens, a balanced diet, washing hands frequently, and if we travel do not forget the medication if you need it and health reports, and in case of doubt consult with our usual doctors or go to the emergency services.

### Carrying your mobile phone in the car

It is doubtful that there is anybody in the developed world who doesn’t know that mobile phones are a distraction whilst driving, and yet, all too often, we see them being used behind the wheel. More than 300 people a year a killed in Spain as a result.

In Spain, the rules are quite clear. You must not use a mobile phone whilst driving. In fact, to make the situation even clearer, the law was changed to say that you cannot even hold a mobile phone when driving, so that simple act can also result in a fine. A basic sanction is a 200 euro fine and the loss of 6 points.

Being prohibited from using or holding a mobile phone also applies when the vehicle is stopped in traffic, such as in a queue, or at traffic lights. You must stop your vehicle in a safe, convenient, and legal place to use a mobile phone.

However, there is an exception where you are permitted to use the functions of a mobile phone. One way is through the integration of a hands-free system, but in this case the system must be approved. The most common function however is in the use of mapping and route applications. You are permitted to use mapping apps, but you must create the route before you start driving, and not touch the mobile until you are once again stopped in a safe, convenient, and legal location. In the event of a wrong turn, the app will reroute you automatically.

In both these cases, you are permitted to “use” the mobile phone, but it is necessary to place it on an approved support. In this way, the driver can always keep both hands on the wheel and not be distracted.

In other words, the only way to safely carry the phone in the car, and avoiding sanctions, is to place it on the appropriate support. In addition, you do not have to manipulate it at any time, unless you have a hands-free system.

The best type of approved support are those which affix to the dashboard. There are some that stick to the windscreen, but some of these can cause problems (and fines) if they interfere with the primary field of vision.

There are many fines that exist in relation to the use of mobile phones in the car. In the case of carrying the phone in a support, but badly placed and that this hinders the driver's visibility, the penalty will be 100 euro.

If the driver carries the phone in their hand while driving, the fine amounts to 200 euro, as well as the withdrawal of 6 points from the driving licence. Remember, this is for just holding the phone in your hand, not necessarily using it. When the mobile phone is manipulated in the support, the penalty is also 200 euro and 3 points are withdrawn.

One final point. These rules apply to all vehicles. Not just cars, but bicycles, electric scooters, and any other vehicle.

### Summer Driving – Dos and Don´ts – Part 5

In this series about summer driving dos and don’ts, we have looked at keeping ourselves and our passengers safe in the vehicle, by not doing things like putting our feet on the dashboard, or our arms out of the window, and keeping ourselves secure by wearing a seat belt properly. This week we are going to look deeper at vehicle security, namely in the carrying of items.

Everything we carry in our vehicles must be carried correctly, and by correctly, we mean it must be secured, and it must not protrude from the vehicle. Also, all vehicle doors, which includes the boot, must be securely closed.

The reason we say this is because another common occurrence on the roads at this time of year is vehicles heavily overloaded, not necessarily by weight, but by volume. There are far too many occurrences when cars are going to or from the beach and are filled with all of the paraphernalia for a day in the sun, like the picnic box, towels, of course, and then perhaps a marque, or tent, inflatables, a surfboard, a table and chairs… The list can go on.

If you are driving a vehicle that is carrying a load in the car, you have to make sure that the load is restrained properly. Load restraint is not just about making sure that the load does not come off, it is also about making sure that the load does not shift in a way that makes the vehicle unsafe to handle or allows the load to crash into the driver’s cabin, which may cause injury or death.

The Spanish Traffic Law requires that any load carried on or in your vehicle must:

Not be placed in a way that makes your vehicle unstable or unsafe.

Be secured so it won’t move or fall from your vehicle while driving—including driving consisting of emergency braking or turning suddenly.

Not project from your vehicle in a way that is likely to injure a person, obstruct the path of other drivers or pedestrians, or damage another vehicle or anything else.

Be restrained using an appropriate load restraint method. Anything on the back seats must be secured with seat belt.

It is advisable that you use the boot, rather than the saloon. In case you need to carry load in the vehicle, use the seat belt to ensure the load, and if you carry heavy things, use a car net, it is forbidden to take heavy load without a load restraint net.

In the case of inflatables, take them uninflated. For the avoidance of doubt, the situation in the image accompanying this article is not permitted.

### Music can be a costly distraction

Many people like listening to the radio in the car, and generally it doesn’t pose too much of a problem, although it can also be a distraction that could take your attention away from driving, and so could have very serious consequences.

However, despite the fact that simply listening to music, or the radio, can be a distraction, it becomes even more problematic, and subsequently illegal, if it is played too loud. You can therefore be fined, and that fine can vary, depending both on the severity of the offence determined by the volume, and the geographical location.

Generally speaking, music or other similar sources must never exceed 87 decibels in a vehicle. It is also worth noting that the use of in-ear devices or headphones is strictly prohibited, but that is a different law than what we are talking about here. It does include the prohibition of in-ear Bluetooth devices.

Playing the music too loud can become dangerous due to the distractions it can cause for the person behind the wheel. However, it can also be dangerous for other drivers and cause a nuisance to neighbours or pedestrians. In addition, it also blocks out the necessary ambient sounds required for safe driving, such as the noise of oncoming traffic, audible warning devices such as horns or emergency sirens, and can very easily lead to a dangerous situation as a result.

Driving with headphones is very dangerous, due to the minimisation of the reaction and the hearing capacity, but it is also dangerous to do it with music at excessive volume. Despite this, there are still many drivers who continue to do so.

Despite the fact that the Traffic Regulations do not regulate this practice as an infraction, the DGT is clear about it. That is, you can be fined for driving with the music too loud.

Cities and municipalities throughout Spain have the power to impose their own sanctions within the Municipal Mobility Ordinance. As the regulations are different, so will be the amounts of the sanctions.

Likewise, not all cities impose a fine, but it is important to know what the amount of the fine may be if it exists.

In this sense, in general, the less substantial penalties for driving with too high a volume start at 100 euro. As we said, this will depend on each municipality, as well as other variables.

In the most serious cases, there are fines that can even reach 3,000 euro. Also, keep in mind that the fine is not only applied if the vehicle is running. When parked, the penalty can also be given.

Although many road safety experts say that you should not listen to the radio or music when driving because of the distraction factor, if you do, which is permitted, it must be at a comfortable volume.

### Benefits of swimming for the recovery of injuries

Swimming, as explained  by the specialists of the Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology Service of Quirónsalud Torrevieja, "is one of the most complete and healthiest sports", so much so that specialists recommend it for everyone without limitation of age or physical condition, and especially for those who have back problems, for pregnant women and for the recovery of injuries.



We spoke with the traumatologists of Quirónsalud Torrevieja to talk to us about the effectiveness of swimming to relieve pain in different parts of the body.



Benefits of swimming



At the traumatological level, it allows repeated movements against resistance, while flotation reduces the problems derived from the repetitive impact to which our own weight conditions, due to the effect of gravity.



In turn, all exercise in the water requires an added effort of balance that contributes to generate a sustained stimulus of proprioception, that is, communication, at the unconscious level of the position, inertia, speed, etc. of our joints, muscles, tendons, etc.



In addition, it accelerates the medullary reflex arc, the medulla is like a second brain, largely unconscious, which receives instant information and responds to it immediately generating contraction or relaxation of the muscles, in a coordinated way, which achieves the objective established by our conscious brain.



Swimming as a recovery treatment



Any ailment that affects the musculoskeletal system can be treated, to the extent that practically any exercise that is usually performed for the recovery of injuries can be performed in the water.



Typicallyspinal injuries have been the subject of the recommendation of swimming as a treatment or as an aid to their treatment. But any injury is likely to benefit from the very special conditions that come with exercising in the water.



Swimming style according to the injury you have



Each injury presents nuances that require an adaptation of swimming or exercise in the water to their circumstance.



We can mention for example  the recovery of the shoulder, this benefits from exercises with the arms below the horizontal, or breaststroke swimming with a low stroke.



Recommendation of exercises in the water for the recovery of injuries.



Quirónsalud traumatologists recommend:



Swim in all its varieties, whether breaststroke, freestyle, backstroke or butterfly, which exercise in each case different muscle groups.



In the water you can practice sports such as: aquagym, acuafit, aquaagac, aquabalance, aquacardium, aquawater, acuaextrem, aquazumba, hydrospinning.



The possibilities are enormous considering that the benefits of any physical activity can be transferred and multiplied within the water by the effect of lack of gravity, which decreases the impact of circulations and the fact that water offers a constant resistance to movement that can be increased or reduced depending on the materials and the depth at which it is performed.



This is why spinning in water is a good option if you want to reduce that pressure of the intervertebral discs when sitting and exercising. The mere walk, if done barefoot allows to stimulate the sensory receptors of the feet when walking on the sand. Aquarunning consists of running in the water, and depending on where the water arrives, it will offer more or less resistance, which decreases the joint impact in the race and improves balance.



What is aquatic therapy?



The concept of aquatic therapy (Hydrotherapy) includes multiple aspects of our physiology and psychology. Not only those related to the musculoskeletal apparatus directly, but also those aimed at favouring its relaxing, toning, even chemical effects if done at sea, which represent an immense therapeutic arsenal, which properly used and directed can contribute in a very significant way, not only to the treatment, but to the prevention of very diverse pathologies and the improvement of our health.



Benefits of Aquatic Therapy



Among the benefits of aquatic therapy we find



The ability to produce a decrease in muscle contractures.



Relief of low back pain and tendinitis, among others.



Sedative and analgesic action.



Physical and psychic relaxation, which can help reduce stress and anxiety states.



In a very general way it can be said that hydrotherapy may be contraindicated in case of acute inflammation, active infections, fever, renal and cardiac failure and ocular, cutaneous pathologies...



In any case, the safest and most effective is to perform, at least at the beginning, these exercises in a supervised manner and directed by a specialized monitor.



At Quirónsalud our specialists in traumatology will recommend the best treatment for your injury and will accompany you in the recovery process.

### Summer Driving – Dos and Don´ts – Part 4

We started to talk about seat belts last week, which we will continue.

The three-point seat belt, which is fitted as standard to most modern vehicles, has an upper (thoracic) and a lower band (pelvic). Both must be snugly fitting against the body. For the seat belt to offer maximum protection it must be on the hard parts of the body, leaning against the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and neck at the top, and the iliac crest of the pelvis, never on the abdomen.

Accessories such as cushions or other additions should not be used. Once you have pulled the seat belt across your body and secured the strap in the locked position, make sure that the seat belt is not twisted at any point. If it is, undo the seat belt and remove the twists. Once secure, pull the seat belt so that it fits snugly against the body, with any slack being taken back at the top.

If the seat belt is not worn correctly, it can cause further problems in the event of a collision. For example, if the upper band is taken off the shoulder, it can cause a head impact with the windscreen, dashboard or seat in front. It can also produce cervical lesions.

If the belt is not firm around the body it can cause the vehicle to slide under the belt, casing lower body and spinal injuries. This is often referred to as the “submarine effect”. To prevent “submarining”, the vehicle occupants must also sit in a proper position when riding in the vehicle, with the seat belt securely fastened as mentioned, and without having any additions such as pillows or cushions which may contribute to the reduction of effectiveness of the seat belt.

It is also important to remember the one seat belt – one seat rule. All vehicle occupants are obliged to wear a seat belt, both in the front and the back seats. Some vehicles only have two seat belts in the back for example, and so that vehicle can only carry two passengers on that seat.

There are other rules regarding children in cars. Primarily, children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats and they most use an appropriate restraining system for their height and weight.

It is crucial that children are secure, and it is the responsibility of the driver to make sure that they are. Make sure you check the instructions of any child seat you have purchased to ensure it is fitted correctly, and is suitable for your child, as, although there is a standardised scale, each child is different. In Spain, the laws relating to children in cars are not generally based on age, but height and weight.

### The DGT forecasts 95 million long-distance journeys by road this summer

The first special operation for summer 2023 began on Friday at 3:00 p.m. and ends at midnight on Sunday, July 2, with a forecast of 4,500,000 trips on the roads of Spain.



From July 1, the use of warning triangles on motorways has been exempted. On conventional roads, its use is still mandatory.



"When you kill someone, you kill them every day of your life " is the slogan of the DGT's awareness campaign this summer to prevent improper behaviour at the wheel.



On the occasion of the beginning of the summer season and the increase in road travel during the months of July and August, the General Directorate of Traffic has prepared a special device to ensure the safety of users traveling on the road network.



It has been predicted that during the two summer months there will be 95 million long-distance journeys, 1.75% more than the real movements that were registered last summer and that even then, exceeded those recorded in the summer of 2019. The expected distribution by month is 45.6 million trips during the month of July and 49.3 million in August.



As has been customary in recent years, the departure and return of the holidays is carried out in stages and in shorter periods, making them coincide on numerous occasions with a weekend.



For this reason and to attend to the greater number of people who start their holidays on the weekend, and who opt for the vehicle as a means of transport, the DGT has established special traffic regulation and control devices during all weekends of the summer period, intensifying them during the first weekends of each month and giving rise to the so-called departure or return operations.



Special operations



1st summer operation - From June 30 to July 2



Operation August 1 - From July 28 to August 1



Operation August 15 - From August 11 to 15



Operation Summer Return - From August 31 to September 3



Special devices - Every weekend



END TO THE USE OF TRIANGLES ON MOTORWAYS



One of the novelties of this summer is that as of July 1, the use of warning triangles on motorways is exempted in the event of immobilisation of the vehicle due to an incident or breakdown. Its use is still mandatory when these circumstances occur on conventional roads.



TRAFFIC IN SUMMER



Traffic in summer presents different characteristics to those that occur at other times of the year and that must be taken into account:



Increase in long-distance journeys on weekdays and especially on weekends. On the other hand, less conflict in the accesses to the big cities at the rush hour of entering and leaving the workplace.



Increased vehicle traffic on secondary roads.



Increase in night movements.



Conflicting circulation on roads that connect coastal towns and coastal tourist areas with the beaches.



Greater presence of cyclists and pedestrians on the road.



Greater circulation of foreign-registered vehicles on the road whose drivers are not used to the itineraries on which they circulate. Of this circulation of foreign-registered vehicles, it is worth highlighting those that travel to third countries, such as citizens from other European countries, who stay in their countries of origin in Africa, during the so-called Operation Passage of the Strait, in which More than 700,000 vehicles are expected to pass through our roads.



In addition, there is the Passage to Portugal, for which the DGT, in coordination with the Portuguese authorities, will serve another 250,000 more vehicles that will circulate through our territory, from France to Portugal on vacation.



SAFEGUARDING ROAD SAFETY



To safeguard the safety of road users, the operation has the full availability of the means, both human (agents from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, civil servants from the Traffic Management Centres, helicopter patrols and personnel in charge of maintaining equipment and installing measures on the road), as well as technicians (fixed and mobile speed control cameras, as well as helicopters, drones, cameras and camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts) of those available to the DGT.



In order to favour circulation in the most conflictive areas during special operations and on weekends, measures will be adopted such as the installation of reversible and additional lanes with cones and beaconing during the hours of greatest traffic flow and the establishment of alternative itineraries. Likewise, works on the roads will be stopped, the holding of sports events and other events that involve the occupation of the road will be limited and the movement of trucks in general and those that transport dangerous goods will be restricted, as well as special transport in certain sections, dates and times.



The DGT always recommends, before starting the trip, to plan it along the safest route to avoid unforeseen events and find out about the state of the roads.



From the Twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes or the news bulletins on radio and television, as well as on the 011 telephone, the traffic situation is reported in real time and any incidents that may exist.



All the established device, as well as advice, can be consulted at dgt.es

### Changes to the use of warning triangles

Warning triangles have been mandatory in Spain since 1999, and are now being replaced by flashing warning lights which can be used in the event of an emergency, which will become the norm from 1 January 2026. During this transition period, you may use either.
However, the DGT has published an update whereas from July 1 2023, the use of warning triangles on motorways is exempted in the event of immobilisation of the vehicle due to an incident or breakdown (no longer mandatory). Its use is still mandatory when these circumstances occur on conventional roads.
The DGT has published an instruction in which this exception is included, mainly motivated by the following issues:

The high number of deaths on high-capacity roads (autopistas and autovías) in recent years. The average number of pedestrians killed after being run over after getting out of the vehicle in the last five years has been 22 people.
Due to the traffic conditions that occur on motorways where there is a high intensity of traffic and high speed.
Because the data on incidents on this type of road where there has been a run-over and where there was an immobilised vehicle show that driving along the shoulder, staying on it, trying to repair a breakdown or even placing and subsequent removal of the danger warning triangles significantly increase the risk of being run over.

In view of all these reasons and taking into account that the placement of warning triangles of danger is not feasible on motorways due to seriously compromising the safety of people, having to travel on foot on the road, their placement is exempted.
The instruction published today will be without effect on January 1, 2026, the date on which it will be mandatory for all drivers to carry the V16 signal in the vehicle, which is the one that will put the definitive end to the warning triangles of danger.
It is a good idea to purchase a warning light now, and use that instead, although exercise caution as only the connected versions will be permitted after the definitive change in the law, so buying a cheaper version now could prove a false economy.
Remember, only those lights which are "connected" will be allowed in the future, so please check before purchasing a standard, or unauthorised version, even though they may appear cheaper.
You can buy the officially recognised lights in many stores, and they are available at Amazon. There are only six models currently approved. Here are four of them. Other lights are approved by the DGT for use NOW, but will not be permitted in the future, so you will have to buy one of these soon.


1Our PickHelp Flash iotMandatory Emergency Light for Car - V16 Approved Signaling in Case of Danger - Connected Light to Save Lives - Provides Coverage and Exact Geolocation to DGT 3.0Purchase Now2FREE First Aid BoxFLASH LED SOSEmergency Light V16 Connected DGT 3.0 Approved MANDATORY, SIM and Data Service Included until 2038, Magnetized Base, IP54 Resistance + Mini First Aid Box SetPurchase Now3PF Led One V16Car Emergency Light - DGT Approved V16 Signal - Connected and Geolocated Beacon - 12 Years Warranty - 1000m Visibility - 9V Battery - Red [Energy Class A+]Purchase Now4ExpensiveSOS ROAD ConnectedEmergency Light with Geolocation for Car DGT 3.0 Approved (Mandatory) - V16 Beacon with Free Data Plan until 2038 - Magnetic Base - Water and Dust Resistant (2)Purchase Now

### The DGT focuses its summer awareness campaign on alcohol

Under the slogan "When you kill someone on the road, you kill them every day of your life", the new campaign of the Directorate General of Traffic shows the consequences of alcohol consumption on driving, a factor that has increased its presence in the drivers involved in the fatal traffic accidents of the last year.

The reason that has led the agency to focus the summer campaign on alcohol and its incompatibility with driving is the 4-point increase in the last year in the number of drivers with the presence of alcohol in fatal traffic incidents. In 2019, the percentage was 25% and in 2022 it rose to 29%. When road incidents took place at night and on weekends, the percentage of drivers involved in fatal incidents with the presence of this drug increased by 7 percentage points compared to those registered in 2019.

Under the slogan "When you kill someone on the road, you kill them every day of your life", the campaign shows how risky behaviour can make your life no longer your own and the underlying guilt that haunts you every day after the traffic incident.

The three chosen characters, Cristina, Martín and David, have a brief dialogue years later with the person they killed on the road (Lolo, Juan and Carlos). They show the emotional anguish, guilt, self-reproach, anxiety and post-traumatic stress of having killed a person in a traffic incident.

### Who pays the fine if a passenger isn’t wearing a seat belt?

Seat belts save lives. Using a seat belt is mandatory for all vehicle occupants in Spain. There are extra rules regarding children, but the basic rule is simply that everyone must comply. There are also a few exceptions, but it is worth noting, as an example, that if the rear seats only have two seat belts, then only two people can occupy that seat.

There is a standard fine of 200 euro for not wearing a seat belt, but the consequences in the event of a collision are far greater, as the risk of death or serious injury is greatly multiplied.

However, the question often arises as to who pays the fine in the event that a passenger is caught not using a seat belt?

In simple terms, it is every occupant’s individual responsibility to wear a seat belt. That is to say that if it is a passenger found not wearing a seat belt, then it is that passenger who is liable for the fine, and not the driver, who is otherwise responsible for the vehicle.

What happens if the offending person is a minor?

Despite what we have said about individual responsibility, there is an exception. In the event that a person without a seat belt is a minor, they will not be personally responsible for paying that financial penalty of 200 euro that we have mentioned before.

Children under 135cm in height are not permitted in the front seats of vehicles, with a couple of exceptions, and they must also be in a seat suitable to their size and weight. In Spain, rules regarding keeping children safe in a vehicle are not generally based on age, but on size and weight.

### Summer Driving – Dos and Don´ts – Part 3

We have been talking about summer dos and don’ts, but to be clear, these rules do not only apply in summer, but they also apply all year. The reason we are highlighting the season is because we always see an increase in these types of behaviours, and an increase in the subsequent fines, at this time of year.

The offence of failing to maintain the proper position in the vehicle comes with an 80 euro fine, at any time of year. This can refer to passengers with their feet on the dashboard, drivers with their arms out the window, or any other situation where proper posture is not maintained.

There are many reasons why this rule is important. For example, in the event of impact, the injuries sustained by a person with their feet on the dashboard are nothing less than horrific, as you have hopefully seen in the first of this series and will now think twice before doing it. The same goes for instances where limbs have been lost or severely injured on account of them protruding from the vehicle. Plus, the seats in a vehicle are designed to give maximum protection, and comfort, and not being correctly positions poses a risk, and can hinder visibility by the driver.

The correct wearing of the seat belt is also crucial. Not wearing it over your shoulder and across the torso as it is designed for is the same as not wearing it at all. That is why the fine for wearing a seat belt incorrectly is 200€, the same as if you weren´t wearing it at all.

Seat belts are designed for one purpose only, to save lives. Statistics show that by wearing a seat belt the probability of death when involved in a collision is halved, whereas according to the data from the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) and the Instituto Universitario de Tráfico y Seguridad Vial (INTRAS), the risk of death is cut by a staggering 77% in an overturned vehicle.

However, in order for the seat belt to be effective, it must be worn correctly, in order for it to fulfil the function it is designed for fully.

The correct way to wear the seat belt is for it to go across the torso diagonally, and across the waist, firmly secured in these positions. The top part must be on the hard part of the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and the neck. The lower end sits against the hardness of the pelvis.

Remember, the seat belt must be snug against the body. Do not pull it away or put it under your arm, as it will not be effective. You not only must wear a seat belt at all times, you must also wear it correctly.

### What Can I Do to Reduce My Risk of Skin Cancer?

The Dermatology specialists at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital warn of the increase in this type of tumour among the population, the incidence of which has tripled since the nineties.

There are more than 100 types of skin cancer. "Of these," explains Dr José Carlos Pascual, dermatologist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, "we could say that basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma are the most common, in that order. Among these tumours, melanoma is the one associated with the highest mortality. "However," warns the dermatologist, "most deaths from skin cancer are due to squamous cell carcinoma, which, although less aggressive, is much more common than melanoma.

The fundamental treatment for this type of tumour is its removal with adequate surrounding tissue margins. "This surgery has a very good prognosis and few complications. For more aggressive cases, although infrequent, we have radiotherapy, chemotherapy and, more recently, immunotherapy," Dr Pascual points out.

 

The ABCDE rule for suspected melanoma

 

Dr Pascual advises to be alert to these risk indicators:

 

 	Asymmetry: one half of a mole looks different from the other, they are not symmetrical.
 	Irregular borders; irregular, poorly defined or blurred borders can be a sign of melanoma.
 	Colour: particularly dark or multi-coloured moles may carry risks.
 	Diameter: a spot larger than six millimetres in diameter is a sign to see a dermatologist.
 	Evolution: a mole that changes in size, shape or colour and becomes itchy, inflamed or bleeds should be checked by a specialist.

"A very interesting feature in our patients' skin check-ups," warns Dr Pascual, "is the sign of the ugly duckling, which means that a lesion that in a panoramic view is very different from the rest of the moles should catch our attention and make us consult a dermatologist.

Who is most prone to skin cancer?

There are various genetic mutations that predispose to melanoma and which are present in cases of familial melanoma. We also know that the lighter the skin, hair and eyes of patients, the less able they are to defend themselves against ultraviolet radiation and the easier it is for them to develop melanoma, with red-haired individuals being the most at risk.

"As for the behaviours that most predispose to melanoma," warns the dermatologist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, "sunburns in childhood and adolescence are those most associated with melanoma. Furthermore, users of ultraviolet tanning booths have a 20 times higher risk of developing melanoma in their lifetime".

Can we prevent skin cancer?

To avoid melanoma and other cancers, the Dermatology Service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja recommends avoiding sun exposure at peak radiation times, especially in children, patients with very fair skin, or those with predisposing factors for melanoma. Always use sunscreen and repeat its use every two hours, and more frequently if we are going to go into the water or sweat profusely. Wear appropriate clothing, a hat or cap and properly approved sunglasses.

### Summer Driving – Dos and Don´ts – Part 2

Last week, we spoke about maintaining the correct position when we are sat in a vehicle, specifically, in that case, related to the potential and “life changing” injuries that can be caused by putting your feet on the dashboard.

However, the rule extends to much more than that, as Article 18, Section 1 of Royal Decree 1428/2003 of 21 November, approving the Rules of the road, states that “The driver of a vehicle must maintain their own freedom of movement, the required field of vision and permanent attention to driving“, which covers a whole multitude of sins (and potential fines).

Keeping both hands on the steering wheel, not leaning with an elbow on the window, keeping your arms inside the vehicle may have been the repetitive messages our driving instructor taught us when we first took lessons, but the advice is still very much key to a safe driving experience.

When used correctly, the vehicle´s seats and features offer the maximum protection in the event of a collision. If we do anything to change the characteristics of these features, we risk our safety tremendously.

Arms and legs should be kept inside the protective shell of the vehicle. Sticking your head, arms or legs out of the window is not a very good idea.

There are countless documented cases of motorists suffering serious injury when “clipped” by a passing car, as well as the more gruesome stories of the loss of limbs in the event of a crash. Having an arm out of the window also poses a risk to other road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists. Being able to put your head out of the window implies that the seatbelt is not worn correctly. If your body parts are not within the safety cage of the vehicle, then you are at risk and are risking others.

Arms extended from the vehicle may also confuse other road users who might think that you are giving hand signals, thus posing a risk that those drivers may incorrectly react to what they think you are gesturing. Visibility may also be obscured as a result, blocking the vehicle´s mirrors and making it difficult to observe the vehicle surroundings correctly.

An arm outstretched to the left actually means you intend to turn left. It is a hand signal which may be used in the event of your indicators not working, for example. Your left arm out the window and at a right angle means you intend to turn right. Extending your arm out of the window with your palm facing backwards means you intend to reverse.



There are other hand signals too, but these main ones, which foreign drivers may not even be aware of, show how a simple move of putting your arm out the window to feel the breeze can be construed as being a hand signal.

Cyclists and VMP (scooter) drivers should also use hand signals correctly.

### Clock Ticking for UK Licence Holders

In March, an agreement was finally reached for the exchange of United Kingdom issued driving licences held by residents in Spain for the Spanish equivalent, without the need to sit a test, as per the rules following Brexit.

The agreement meant that those UK licence holders who are resident in Spain were again allowed to drive, but only until the exchange had been carried out. It should be noted that residents should have already exchanged their licence once Spain became their habitual residency.

The temporary agreement established that all valid permits or licences of current residents issued prior to its entry into force may be exchanged, while for permits issued after said entry into force it will be an essential requirement to access the exchange that the permits have been issued in the country where the applicant had legal residence.

With this pact, those British citizens residing in Spain who had not had their driving licence exchanged before Brexit, nor in the successive extensions granted, would be able to do so as of Thursday, March 16. However, a timeline had been put on doing this, as, again, this is just another, albeit final, extension period.

To facilitate administrative processing at the provincial traffic headquarters, a period of six months has been granted during which British citizens can drive in Spain with their original permit while they process the exchange. We are now halfway through the transition period, so if you havn't already, you must act NOW to exchange your licence, as this new transition period is to allow for delays caused by the backlog.

In addition, Spain and the United Kingdom undertake to provide each other with information on the data of the vehicles and their owners for the purpose of investigating traffic offences related to road safety, especially in cases of speeding, not wearing a seat belt, failure to stop at a red light, driving while intoxicated, driving under the influence of drugs, not wearing a crash helmet, driving in a prohibited lane, or illegal use of mobile phones.

### Summer Driving – Dos and Don´ts – Part 1

We have had a bit of rain recently, but we are also now seeing temperatures start to warm up, and with that comes a wave of typical behaviours we see on the roads, many of which can cause us problems, and can lead to a fine, or worse, so it´s time to look at some of the dos and don´ts of summer driving.

Firstly, and this is for passengers (hopefully), please do not put your feet up on the dashboard! We have already seen this happening this year. It is dangerous, and it is utterly stupid, which you will understand when you see the results of an impact injury caused by the inflation of an airbag, which can happen at a relatively slow speed. It is illegal, because it is so dangerous.

In the event of a crash, if a passenger is travelling with their feet up on the dashboard, the injuries that may occur will be very serious, partly as the deployment of the airbag can cause more serious injuries than it prevents in this situation, and, irrespective of an airbag being present, the glass from the windscreen can cause serious injury, not to mention the effects of a passenger being crushed by the impact between the dashboard and the seat.

The image accompanying this article is an actual x-ray of such an injury caused by an airbag deploying in a crash whilst the passenger had their feet on the dashboard. Police in Wales released the image of the X-ray to show what they called the woman's "life changing" injuries.



In addition to the increase in occurrences of this sort of behaviour, there is also an increase in the number of fines issues as the traffic police. Incidentally, in the event of a passenger putting their feet on the dashboard, it is the driver who is ultimately responsible for the safety of the vehicle and, as such, it is the driver who will be fined.

Article 18, Section 1 of Royal Decree 1428/2003 of 21 November, approving the Rules of the road, states that “The driver of a vehicle must maintain their own freedom of movement, the required field of vision and permanent attention to driving, to ensure their own safety, that of other vehicle occupants and other road users. To achieve this, you must take special care to maintain the proper position and that of the passengers, and the proper placement of objects or animals transported so that there can be no interference between the driver and any of them“.

Maintaining a proper position in the vehicle is not only important for our comfort, but also crucial for our safety.

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja receives the golden seal of the Joint Commission International, the most demanding quality accreditation in the world in the health field

The Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja has been accredited with the  golden seal of the Joint Commission International, the highest distinction granted by this body, after an exhaustive audit in which more than 1,200 quality standards have been analysed, which the hospital rigorously complies with.



This accreditation of the Joint Commission International is the most demanding worldwide for the health field and analyses that all the care and processes of the hospital are focused on safety and quality, and in a process of continuous improvement.

 

Continuous improvement of quality and safety in care at Quirónsalud Torrevieja

The achievement of accreditation means an official recognition of the great effort to improve the safety and quality of care, guaranteeing a safe patient care environment and permanent work for the reduction of risks.

The Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja has carried out multiple actions in order to promote a safety culture established throughout the organisation, working on the improvement of the six international safety objectives recognised by the World Health Organisation (WHO): unequivocal identification of the patient, effective communication between professionals, improvement of safety in the use of high-risk medicines,  safe surgery, decreasing the risk of infections and reducing the risk of falls.

The audit team has highlighted as a differentiating element of the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja the great teamwork of the hospital, the excellence in the safety culture and the involvement and enthusiasm with the continuous improvement of the hospital.

The organisations accredited with this prestigious seal (which must be renewed every three years), respond to an international demand for evaluation in the health sector through quality levels based on evaluable standards and comparable with other countries, with the aim of stimulating constant improvement.

The Quirónsalud Group also holds this accreditation from the Teknon Medical Centre, the Dexeus University Hospital, the Quirónsalud Barcelona Hospital, the Quirónsalud Madrid University Hospital, the Quirónsalud Córdoba University Hospital, the Ricardo Palma Clinic in Lima (Peru), and the Imbanaco Clinic in Cali (Colombia).

Last year, Quirónsalud became the first private hospital group in the world to obtain the Joint Commission International Enterprise accreditation, as well as the first health entity in Europe to do so. The fact of having this recognition is an additional guarantee for patients seeking the best health care to treat their health problems.

What is Joint Commission International?

The Joint Commission International is a non-profit organisation, which has been working since the 90s in more than 100 countries to improve patient safety and quality of care, offering health accreditation services internationally. This organisation audits hospitals, health systems and agencies, government ministries and institutions, promoting rigorous standards of care. JCI is the most prestigious health accreditation in the world for its high level of demand, for the safety it provides to the patient and for the rigorous and exhaustive evaluation of all care processes.

### Keys to a healthy heart free of risks

The specialists of the Cardiology Unit at Quirónsalud Torrevieja answer the most frequently asked questions about cardiovascular diseases.

 

What is cardiovascular pathology?

 

 

Cardiovascular disease refers to the pathological process that affects the entire arterial system, not only the coronary arteries, but also the brain, legs and the rest of the body.

 

Therefore, when we talk about cardiovascular disease we refer to stroke, transient ischaemic attack, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, intermittent claudication and arterial ischaemia as manifestations of cardiovascular disease, among others.

The pathological process involved is usually atherosclerosis, which is the accumulation of fats, cholesterol and other substances within the wall of the arteries, causing progressive narrowing and even complete obstruction, blocking the flow of blood that should reach a part of the body.

 

 

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases

 

In addition to exhaustively treating the classic risk factors such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia (hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridaemia) and tobacco consumption, there are a series of measures that help prevent the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease. The cardiology experts at Quirónsalud have drawn up the following list:

 

- Nutrition: is the integrating pillar for both prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.

 

- Exercise: most cardiovascular risk factors are improved by a combination of aerobic exercise, resistance training and stretching.

 

- Mind-heart interactions: A clear association between emotional state and heart health has been observed. Stress can induce ischaemia by causing both epicardial and microvascular vasoconstriction.

 

How to prevent heart disease

 

At Quirónsalud, heart health experts and cardiologists recommend the benefits of a comprehensive lifestyle intervention programme, including: nutritional changes through a low-fat, vegetable-based diet, frequent physical exercise and stress management, all of which have shown the disappearance of angina pectoris in 74% of patients included in the study by Frattaroli et al.

 

In addition, as shown in the 2011 study by Sattelmair et al in the scientific journal Circulation, walking 30 minutes 5 days a week reduces the risk of ischaemic heart disease (angina pectoris or myocardial infarction) by 14%.

 

Risk factors for heart disease

 

There are certain risk factors for heart disease that are not within our control, such as genetic inheritance, age, gender and environmental pollution. However, by knowing these factors in each person's specific situation, we can take appropriate measures to try to minimise the harmful effects of these risk factors.

 

 

Keeping the heart healthy

 

 

Stress is pervasive in our lives today and we need to learn how to manage it effectively. Stress can induce ischaemia by different mechanisms, but it also alters autonomic regulation and triggers the release of circulating catecholamines that can even trigger stress cardiomyopathy. In the 2012 study by Schneider et al, it was shown that meditating twice a day can reduce cardiovascular events by up to 48%.

 

Diet to prevent heart disease

 

One of the best-studied dietary approaches in cardiology is the Mediterranean diet, which consists of increasing vegetable and fruit intake, giving preference to whole grains over refined grains, reducing red meat and increasing fish consumption, with a predominant use of olive and rapeseed oil.

 

Sport for an active heart

 

The sport with the most cardiovascular benefits would be one that combines aerobic exercise, resistance training and stretching.

 

Walking 30 minutes a day 5 days a week has been shown to play a beneficial role in cardiovascular risk management. Thus, sports such as running, cycling, jogging, trekking or swimming would fulfil this role. A notable cardiovascular benefit has also been demonstrated with tai chi, a form of martial art from ancient China that is characterised by smooth, flowing movements.

### Speed Limits on the Secondary Road Network in Spain

On some 7,000 kilometres of the secondary road network in Spain, the maximum permitted speed limit is set at 90 kilometres per hour, on roads, outside of towns and cities, where no other restrictions are in force, in other words, where there are no signs indicating a stricter limit (on some rare occasions, the maximum us set at 100 kilometres per hour, but this too will always be signposted).



This is in effect the same concept as the commonly referred to “National Speed Limit” which has been in place on British roads since the 60´s, where a maximum permitted speed is set on roads outside of towns. It should be noted, however, that although the concept is the same, there is not a road sign in the Spanish catalogue which is the equivalent to that in the UK. In the UK, it is indicated by a white circle with a black diagonal band. This sign does not exist in Spain (there is a sign that looks similar, but it does not have the same meaning).

This road sign does NOT exist in Spain, but the concept of a national speed limit does.

In Spain, the maximum permitted speed on the secondary road network outside of towns is 90 kilometres per hour, for cars, motorbikes, small motor homes and pick-ups, as well as buses (except under certain circumstances), derivatives of cars, and mixed adapted vehicles.



In Spain, speed limits are dictated by three elements, the road, the vehicle, and the driver (in some cases). Therefore, some vehicles are still restricted further, such as trucks, vans, large motor homes, articulated vehicles, vehicles towing a trailer, and others not listed, which are restricted to a maximum permitted speed of 80 kilometres per hour on these roads.

Bicycles and mopeds are restricted to a maximum permitted speed of 45 kilometres per hour.

Remember, we are talking only about the secondary road network, where no other restriction is in place, so if there is a sign saying that the maximum permitted speed is 80, or 50, for example, then that is the case.

Similar vehicular restrictions are also in place on motorways, although the limits differ, but today we are talking specifically about the secondary road network outside of towns.

Some drivers are also restricted such as may be the case those suffering certain medical conditions, for which the doctor has determined a restriction is necessary. In the case of a speed limit being imposed on a driver, a sign must be displayed on the back of the vehicle, the same sign we see on slow moving vehicles such as street sweepers.

As a final note, we must also remind you that all speed limits are maximums, and not targets. Many other factors can dictate that the speed achieved should be much lower than the maximum at any time.

### The DGT warns against possible scams to obtain a driving licence

The DGT has issued a warning about potential scams to obtain a driving licence, pointing out that it is essential to pass an exam to obtain a driving licence in Spain, except in some cases where an exchange agreement is in place.

Non-EU foreigners must exchange their licence, if they already have one, for a Spanish one if they are citizens of countries with which there is an exchange agreement. If there is no exchange agreement with the country of origin, it is mandatory to pass a theoretical and a practical exam.

For UK nationals, who now fall into the non-EU category, there is still a very short-term agreement in place for the exchange of some licences.

Given the proliferation of Internet pages that offer to obtain a driver's licence without the need to take any type of knowledge test, neither theoretical nor practical, the General Directorate of Traffic wants to alert everyone that this practice and belief is completely impossible.

In Spain it is essential to pass an exam in order to obtain a driving licence or, for non-EU foreigners who already have one, exchange it for a Spanish one in case of being a citizen of countries with which there is an exchange agreement. In this DGT link you can check if there is an agreement with the country of origin and how the exchange should be made.
Ghost and mobile web pages that do not support calls
The Central Research and Analysis Group (GIAT Central) of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, has been investigating in recent weeks several pages of this type in which it is offered to obtain a "legal" Spanish driving licence simply paying an amount of money that, for example, in the case of permit B amounts to 850 euro.

These types of pages usually always use the same procedure to defraud users. They are advertised on the Internet, with a mobile phone number as the only way of contact, through which they ask the interested party to send all the complete information (name, surname, ID, date of birth, etc.), in addition to a photograph of the owner and another of the firm.

Once, supposedly, they have verified the authenticity of the data, they send the number of the current account in which the requested amount must be deposited by bank transfer and, after receiving the payment of said amount, they disappear without a trace.

They are usually temporary web pages, with Spanish telephone numbers of non-existent holders, which do not allow calls to be received but only data and which, furthermore, are constantly changing so as not to leave traces of their activity.

These types of scams are usually directed at migrants from third countries who are led to think that it is possible to obtain a driving licence without taking any prior examination, which is why the DGT insists on making it clear that this is impossible.

### Remember to Buckle Up - Seat belts save lives

Sadly, there is a growing trend of vehicle occupants choosing not to wear a seat belt, and in increasing number with fatal consequences.

In Spain, all occupants in a vehicle must wear a seat belt, and this seat belt must be worn properly to be effective, and legal. If there isn´t a seat belt available, then a passenger cannot be carried. In other words, for example, if the rear seats of a vehicle are equipped with only two seat belts, then only two passengers can sit on that seat.

Children under 135cm tall must sit in the rear seats and in an approved child restraint system suitable for them. Crash helmets are mandatory on motorbikes and scooters for all riders.

The seat belt is the most effective passive safety element in vehicles and the one that has saved the most lives. According to the data of the ESRA project (Survey of Attitudes of Road Users), carried out in 38 countries, only 80% of people in Spain declared that they have used the seat belt as a driver during the sample period, 81% admit having used it as a passenger in the front seat of the car and just 70% as a passenger in the rear seats of the car.

The data shows that although its use is mandatory for all vehicle occupants, there remains a reluctance, with the data showing that almost a quarter of vehicle occupants choose not to use a seat belt, a statistic that has been getting worse.

For its part, the World Health Organisation (WHO), also includes in its reports, the importance of the use of the seat belt and calls for countries to include the mandatory use of seat belts in legislation. Approximately 105 countries of the world population have laws that require the use of the seat belt by all occupants of a vehicle, but that is still only 67%.

If it is important that adults and children use seat belts. Adults can make the choice; children learn by example and follow the instructions of the adult when it comes to such matters. As well as the overall increasing reluctance to wear a seat belt, we also see an increase in children left unprotected in vehicles, again, tragically, with far too many fatal consequences for those who do not understand the importance, let down by the adults who should.

To clarify the situation with children furthers, Spanish legislation requires that children under 135 cm in height who travel by vehicle, in addition to travelling with the child restraint system appropriate to their size and weight as required, must be seated in the rear seats of vehicles, except:

 	When the vehicle does not have rear seats.
 	When all the rear seats are already occupied by other children of the same characteristics.
 	When it is not possible to install all the child restraint systems in said rear seats.

Only in these cases can children occupy the front seat of the vehicle, but always using the restraint system approved to their size and weight.

Child restraint systems must always be installed in the vehicle in accordance with the instructions provided by the manufacturer.

Image by cfarnsworth from Pixabay

### New Spanish Road Signs for 2023 - Updated

We have featured the fact that new road signs will be introduced in Spain in 2023, and we now have the definitive list of how those changes will be implemented in the second half of this year, when the current Catalogue of Road Signs will be updated.

The new signs that will be extended in the road network of Spain will be gradually incorporated, and the Royal Decree which sets them into law is foreseen to enter into force mid-year 2023.

As well as some new roads signs, others will undergo a radical design change, some will be adapted to the new times and forms of mobility, and others will end up disappearing.

It is important to know how to identify them and become familiar with them so that they do not catch us by surprise. We will show you the new and changed road signs, and explain their meaning.
What are the changes?
 
New road signs


S-1b: Indicates the beginning of a multilane road.



S-45: Bike lane. Presence of bike lanes in urban areas.



S-46: Pedestrian crossing shared with cyclists.



R-118: Prohibits the circulation of electric scooters.



R-119: Prohibits the circulation of electric scooters and bicycles.



R-120: In accesses to Low Emission Zones (ZBE). It will prohibit the entry of certain vehicles based on their environmental label (B, C, ECO or 0 Emissions).



R-420: Existence of a road reserved for electric scooters. Obligation for these vehicles to circulate exclusively through it.



R-421: The road is mandatory for electric scooters and bicycles. Sharing its use.



R-422: Obliges drivers of Personal Mobility Vehicles (electric scooters, bicycles or unicycles) to get off it and continue on foot until the signal be annulled.

 

 
Road signs that have changed their design:


STOP: Appears with a larger typeface, thus improving its visibility.



P-8: Danger due to a level crossing without barriers. Updated with more modern design of the locomotive.



P-20a: Proximity to a pedestrian crossing. It replaces the previous one, square and blue.



P-22a: Passage for cyclists, warning of the danger due to the existence of a passage for cyclists. (Supersedes 22b).



P-24a: Presence of animals on the road. Before represented by a deer. Now a wild boar takes its place, since it is a more common animal in these areas.



P-33: Section of reduced visibility. Now a car will be seen entering a zone of reduced visibility.



P-21: Danger due to the proximity of a place frequented by children. The order of the figures is altered, with the female leading.

 

Mobility and road traffic are constantly changing according to social changes.

In addition to the search for a more sustainable and fair mobility for all road users, new infrastructures emerge, habits and preferences change, and new challenges are recognised. This is the thinking behind these changes.

### Time for the Pre-Summer Tyre Check

The tyres are the most abused element of a vehicle and must be checked on a regular basis. Because of their abuse, in constant contact with the road, faults and deflations are commonplace.

Although they should be checked regularly, at least monthly, we understand that most people don´t, but we do really encourage you to do so at least before any long trip, and seasonally, such as now, just before summer starts.

It is important that you verify that the pressure is adequate and that the tread of the tyre is not degraded. Pay attention to the wear indicators, which are cross bars in the grooves of the tread. If the mark is exceeded, you will need to replace the tyres immediately. Its performance will not be optimal on the road, increasing fuel consumption, and, more importantly, reducing the functionality which, in turn, increases the risk of an incident.

In Spain, there is a legal limit for tyre wear, which is measured by checking the tread. If the depth is less than 1.6 millimetres, you should not drive. Not only do you expose yourself to suffering a mishap, but the authorities will end up fining you. Along with this, try to check that the tyre has no visible tears, cracks or cuts. Use your hands to feel all around the tyre, including the inside of the wheel, hidden from view.

Also check that the tyre is not discoloured or has spots on its surface, or unusual bulges and flank holes, another danger sign.

If you are in any doubt, you should contact a qualified tyre-capable workshop to check your tyres, such is their importance.

Remember, in Spain, if a fault is detected in one of the tyres, the tyre on the opposing side of the same axle must also be replaced.

When we do get to summer, heat poses a problem for tyres, and the pressure must always be checked when the tyres are cold, so the hot weather can give false readings. Make sure you are aware of this, and even try to park in a cool and shaded place first, remembering to allow the tyres to cool down if you have driven there.

Prior to the summer, and despite the drought the country is feeling, rain may still play a part, for which the tread and depth are crucial for maintaining traction on the road surface. If, or when, it does actually rain, the roads become particularly slippery after a long dry spell, so extra attention to driving is paramount.

Whatever the weather, if you are going on a drive carrying extra weight than usual, whether that is in the shape of human passengers or luggage, make sure your tyres are able to carry the load first, and then that they are properly inflated for the load you are carrying, which might be different to normal.

All of the data is in the user manual of your car, and most modern cars now have an information plate, usually attached to a door frame, giving tyre information, but, again, if in doubt, check with a qualified mechanic.

Finally, don't forget to check the spare tyre, if your vehicle has a spare wheel, which also must be in perfect condition and properly inflated.

Image by Mikes-Photography from Pixabay

### How to prepare for the ITV test

Once you buy a new vehicle in Spain, there will come a time when it has to undergo a mandatory safety inspection, the ITV test, or Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, with a positive result meaning that you will acquire a sticker for your windscreen, and a report of the test, which must subsequently be carried in the vehicle along with your other documents.

How often is the ITV test carried out?

Cars: 4 years after their first registration date, and every 2 years thereafter. Cars over 10 years old must be tested for roadworthiness every year.

Motorbikes and quadricycles: 4 years after their first registration date, and every 2 years thereafter.

Buses/coaches: 5 years after their first registration date and every 6 months thereafter.

Mopeds: 3 years after their first registration date and every 2 years thereafter.

There are certain circumstances where the test must be carried out outside this established schedule.



The first thing to do is to choose an ITV inspection centre. You are free to choose any official authorised test centre anywhere in the country, irrespective of where you live. Certain elements of the test differ in some areas, but the standard is the same everywhere, and so the ITV inspection is valid nationally.

Once you have chosen your test centre, you can book an appointment online in many, which does make the procedure easier, and you must remember to take your documents with you when you attend the centre.

The test itself is a simple procedure that ensures that the primary safety features on the vehicle are working. You won´t be judged on your taste in music, or if you have flowery seat covers, it is just about the safety elements.

That said, there are a few things that you can check before you go for your ITV inspection, and make it even easier, after all the aim is to come away with a successful inspection so that we can continue driving.

When you subject your vehicle to a test, there are three possible outcomes. Favourable, in which the vehicle has passed with no problems, unfavourable, in which case the vehicle has failed. In the event of an unfavourable report, the vehicle cannot be driven. The same applies for an expired ITV test in the future, if your ITV expires then the vehicle is not permitted on the public roads, you must arrange to truck, a grua, to take the vehicle on its back. In the UK it is possible to book an appointment for your MOT and you are permitted to drive the vehicle to that appointment, irrespective of the status of the car. In Spain there is no such luxury. If a vehicle does not have a valid ITV certificate, it cannot be driven on the roads.

The third possible status after the test will be that the inspector has noticed some minor faults. In this case, the vehicle will not be failed, but these faults will be detailed on the ITV report you will be given at the end of the test. You then have a maximum of two months in which to have these faults repaired. In this case you are permitted to drive the vehicle, but only to get the repairs carried out and then return to the test centre once complete.

However, today we are talking about things that can be checked before we go for the examination, and therefore, hopefully, pass with a favourable result.

First, take a slow and detailed walk around the vehicle. Look closely at the body work. You need to pay particular attention to deformations, misshapes, dents and the likes, but particularly for any sharp edges. Vehicle designs are always smooth and flowing, partly for aerodynamic reasons, but also, in this case, because sharp edges can cause considerably more damage in the event of a collision. Imagine if the wing of the car was damaged and has a serrated edge where the previous collision took place. If that part of the car impacted with a pedestrian or cyclist, for example, the damage would be catastrophic.

As you go around the vehicle make sure that the rear-view mirrors on the outside are in good condition, not broken or speckled, and that visibility is good. You will have to do the same for the interior mirror too. All mirrors must be correctly fixed in their original housings and firm.

Whilst we are walking around the vehicle, also check the tyres. Make sure that there is sufficient tread around each tyre, that the wear (if any) is equal, and that there are no deformations. You need to carry out both a visible check and also get your hands dirty by feeling your way around each tyre, including on the side that you can´t see, and don´t forget to check the spare wheel if your vehicle has one.

It is also a good idea to check each of the tyres conforms to the requirements printed on the vehicle´s documentation.

As we are moving to the interior of the vehicle, check all the doors. Make sure that they all open easily, that they close, and that they remain securely closed.

Next, we need to check the seat belts. Make sure that all seat belts move freely when pulled from their roll, and then give each of them a jolt to make sure that they lock when they are supposed to. You also need to make sure that free movement returns after the jolt. Ensure that the seat belts all click into their locking attachment, and unclip easily when pressed. They must not come away from the locking mechanism unless the button is pressed. To make things easier during the inspection, it is a good idea to leave any unused seat belts buckled fully, as that speeds the process up slightly for the inspectors.

From inside the vehicle we need to check that the horn works, although be careful when you test this so as not to alarm anybody. Don´t forget that the interior rear view mirror also needs checking that it is clear and firmly fixed.

Whilst checking the horn, we can also check the lights, perhaps getting someone to help you at this point, as all lights need to be tested, so that means the headlights, dipped and full beam, brake lights, indicators, reversing lights, and fog lights, making sure they all work correctly. Pay close attention to the headlights during this check, making sure that the glass is clear. In Spain we suffer from a “frosting” effect as the strong sun discolours the coating on the headlights. This frosting can result in a failed examination, so make sure they are clear and get them treated before the test if needed.

Whilst also sat in the vehicle, check the dashboard, in particular looking for any obvious problems such as engine warning lights, or other warnings, as these too can prevent the vehicle from passing.

Finally, windscreen wipers must be in good condition, and the windscreen washer reservoir topped up with liquid for cleaning the windscreen.

If you carry out these simple checks, there is a higher chance of you getting through the test without any problems, but we must keep in mind that some faults cannot be seen by these basic checks, but the examiners are highly trained and qualified in ensuring that the safety features are all working, and so if anything is identified as being wrong, not only is it important to get it fixed, it is an important way of having faults which could lead to further problems identified.

Finally, when it comes to the next test, you can have this carried out up to a month before the expiry and the dates will be added to the end of the next expiration period. You must however successfully pass the test before the expiry date, as you are not permitted to drive the vehicle without a valid ITV in place, and that includes driving it to the test centre. If the ITV expires, the vehicle is not allowed to be driven under any circumstances.

 

### Don´t Drive Distracted!

Driving should command full and uninterrupted attention at all times. Distractions of many forms diminish that attention, all too often, with deadly consequences. Let´s be clear, distractions come in many forms, from using a mobile phone, to simply listening to the radio, or engaging in a conversation. A distraction might even be lighting a cigarette or taking a drink. The consequences are that distracted driving causes one in three fatal incidents in Spain.

In the last decade, distractions have caused 238,000 incidents with victims, more than 30,000 serious injuries and 6,200 deaths. And although the number of incidents caused by distractions has been reduced by 58%, its lethality has increased by 52%.

A report by the Fundación Línea Directa also includes speed as a compounding factor in the increase in mortality during episodes of distraction. Since 2019, fines for speeding have increased by 26%.

Distractions decrease alertness while driving and increase the risk of having an incident. According to the DGT, using a mobile phone at the wheel multiplies the risk of having an incident by four and sending a WhatsApp multiplies it by 23.

More than 13 million motorists (48%) admit to using a mobile phone regularly while driving and 600,000 confess to being 'addicts'. Proof that it is widely used is that in the last five years more than 500,000 fines have been imposed for driving while talking on a mobile.

The survey tells us that 76% of drivers, three out of four, admit to driving distracted with some frequency and 1.5% (1.5 million) almost always. It also concludes that distractions are reduced as we get older and those over 65 are the ones who are most attentive: up to ten times more than young people between 18 and 29 years of age.

Drivers attribute these distractions to the advancement of technology (81%), the rise of mobile phones in society (57%) and daily stress (43%). But, on the other hand, when they are asked directly why they are distracted, the answers are different. 80% state that they are distracted by the 'voyeur effect' when an incident occurs, 79% by looking at the landscape or some landmark of interest, 72% by getting lost in their own thoughts, 52% by using the integrated GPS or in the mobile and 34% for reading WhatsApps or emails on the smartphone. They also highlight distractions such as recording themselves with their mobile phones (13%), interacting on social networks (11%) and even putting on makeup (7%).

Since the last modification of the Road Safety Law, using a mobile phone manually is considered a serious offence and is punishable by a 200-euro fine and 6 less points on the driver's licence.

Connecting headphones/audio headphones or devices that affect attention is also a serious infraction that entails a fine of up to 200 euro and the withdrawal of 3 points.

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja, the best hospital for international patients

Quirónsalud Torrevieja and its Health Premium Card offer a personal health advisor, personalised check-ups, home care and many more advantages



The Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja is an international health centre of excellence in the province of Alicante. Its team of professionals is highly qualified and has a wide variety of medical specialties (more than 50). This makes it a multidisciplinary reference hospital with great prestige, perfect for international healthcare.

In its more than 20 years of experience, they have managed to position themselves as the private hospital with the most cutting-edge technology in the entire Valencian Community. Their location in the city of Torrevieja makes them pioneers in health tourism and the preferred health centre for those looking to locate their new residence on the Costa Blanca. The hospital has more than 100 professionals of national and international prestige.

Why are they referents in health among international patients?



International Admission

The health centre has its own international admissions department. It carries out all the necessary procedures for authorisation  with international insurance companies, with which it has agreements, in a clear, direct and fast way. In this way the patient does not have to worry, since this department will carry out all the procedures and speed up the process.

The process begins when the patient comes for a test or a consultation. International admission contacts the insurance company to process the authorisation. If hospital admission or a surgical operation is required, this department will report daily to the company and the medical department about the patient's progress.

In addition, as a novelty, the Quirónsalud group has developed a new service, the G24, which consists of international patient care by telephone, free of charge 24 hours a day.

Translator assistance

The Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital has its own team of translators and interpreters. The languages spoken are: English, German, French, Dutch, Flemish, Norwegian, Swedish and Russian among others.

They are responsible for guaranteeing the well-being provided by the perfect communication of the patient with the health personnel, providing this service free of charge every day of the year.



Multilingual medical team

60% of Quirónsalud Torrevieja patients are international. That's why the hospital staff speaks at least Spanish and English. In addition, many workers are also fluent in languages such as German, Italian and Russian.

The specialists are Spanish with great prestige, but highly qualified international experts also work.

International hospitalisation floor

This plant was created to fulfil a specific mission where to guarantee maximum comfort, well-being and convenience to the patient who enters. In this way, routine processes in a hospital such as lunch or dinner are adapted to the patient's customs, and are served following a European schedule.

New service: Health Premium Card

As a novelty, a new service has been launched in the hospital of Torrevieja.  Health Premium Card offers you a personal health coach.

It also offers you a personalised plan to achieve your health goals, which includes a check-up to know the initial status of the patient, as well as a Premium Lounge within the hospital where you can carry out all the health procedures and easy access to medical appointments.

### Pedestrians on the Road - Where and how to cross safely

The first thing we have to say is that as a general rule, roads are for vehicles, pavements are for pedestrians. In other words, wherever possible, pedestrians must always walk on the pavement and never the road. Similarly, cars should not park or drive on pavements, or park on pedestrian crossings.

Vehicles must not park on pedestrian crossings.

A pedestrian is still considered a road user, even when on the pavement, and must still abide by the rules. A person with a bicycle or scooter who is walking with their vehicle are considered a pedestrian.

A person walking with their bicycle or scooter is considered a pedestrian

Of course, there are areas where pavements do not exist, in which case pedestrians can walk on the road, but should do so facing oncoming traffic and take precautions to ensure they are visible, including wearing high visibility clothing during periods of poor visibility. There are also more rules in the case of walking in large groups. There are specific rules both for participants and those who come across certain groups such as military personnel in uniform, groups of schoolchildren, or organised marches.

On the road, as a general rule, covered by Article 65 of Spanish Traffic Law, pedestrians do not normally have priority on the road. That said, drivers have an obligation to drive in such a manner that doesn’t pose a risk to other road users, including pedestrians, who are amongst the most vulnerable group of road users.

Crossing the road should always be done at an official crossing, where provided, as priorities change in those circumstances, subject to certain conditions we will explain.

Pedestrians should always use an official crossing where provided and follow the rules and signs

Generally speaking, drivers have priority over pedestrians except in properly designated pedestrian crossings, when a driver finds pedestrians crossing when turning into another road, even if there is no marked crossing, and when the vehicle crosses a pavement on which there are pedestrians who don't have a designated area.

A vehicle approaching a designated and marked pedestrian crossing

When vehicles cross designated zones in pedestrian areas, drivers must give way to pedestrians.

According to Article 124 of Spanish Traffic Law, in areas where there are pedestrian crossings, those who want to cross the road must do so precisely, without doing so in the vicinity, and when such steps are taken, the following rules should also be observed:

If there are light controls at the crossing, these lights must be obeyed by pedestrians as much as vehicles. Pedestrians who do not respect the red light at a pedestrian crossing may be sanctioned by the competent authority.

Pedestrians must obey lights at crossings as much as vehicle must

If there is no traffic light for pedestrians but the movement of vehicles is regulated by an agent or traffic light, you must not enter the road while the signal of the agent or the traffic light allows vehicles to drive through.

In other pedestrian crossings marked by the corresponding road marking, although they have priority, pedestrians should only enter the road when the distance and speed of the approaching vehicles allow them to do so safely. In other words, pedestrians must not simply step out onto the crossing. Although drivers have an obligation to give way, pedestrians have an obligation to ensure that it is safe to cross before proceeding.

Pedestrians have an obligation to ensure it is safe to cross before proceeding

When crossing a pedestrian crossing, we must verify that the approaching vehicles have seen us and are slowing down to give way to us. Then we can proceed to cross. Please, never start crossing if you are not sure if drivers have noticed your presence and are going to give way.

Remember that if there is a walkway or crossing next to you, you could be sanctioned for crossing in an improper place. Please, use crossings.

If a marked crossing exists, you must use it to cross the road

When pedestrian crossings do not exist, it is still possible for pedestrians to cross the road, but again certain rules must be followed. To cross the road outside a pedestrian crossing, pedestrians must make sure that they can do so without risk or undue obstruction.

When crossing the road, they must walk perpendicular to the axis of the road, not delay or stop on the road unnecessarily and not hinder the passage of others.

Pedestrians may not cross squares and roundabouts on the road, and must go around them.

On roads where footbridges are installed there are frequent occurrences of pedestrians who want to shorten their journey by crossing the road instead of using these footbridges. When the installation of a footbridge is planned, it is because it has been verified that there is a high risk of crossing that road at that location, thus giving pedestrians greater safety. If a footbridge is installed, please use it.

Where a pedestrian footbridge exists, pedestrians are obliged to use it to cross the road

All of the details we have not covered in detail are available in the official Spanish Traffic Law publications, which you can find in English on spanishtrafficlaw.es

### Is There a Fine for Hanging an Air Freshener on the Rear View Mirror?

It is not uncommon to see air fresheners hanging from the rear-view mirror in cars, or other items like religious iconography, and masks were quite common during the height of the pandemic, but is there a fine for doing this?

The answer is not quite that straight forward. Firstly, there is no specific fine for carrying an air freshener hanging from the car's rear-view mirror, in the same way that there is no specific law that mentions flip-flops. It is not a specific offence in either event, but, despite that, both actions can indeed lead to a fine.

We are not going to enter into a discussion about flip-flops, we have done that before, and you should not drive wearing them. We are going to talk about air fresheners in more detail this time.

Although the law does not mention air fresheners directly, it does mention that you must maintain good visibility at all times. Therefore, if the air freshener that we hang from the rear-view mirror is very large and impedes visibility, the Traffic agents can penalise us based on what Article 19 of the General Traffic Regulations (RGC) says, which refers to visibility in the vehicle.

According to article 19, in its section 1: « The glazed surface of the vehicle must allow, in any case, the clear visibility of the driver on the entire road on which it circulates, without interference from sheets or adhesives. It will only be allowed to circulate with adhesive sheets or blinds against the sun on the rear windows when the vehicle has two exterior rear-view mirrors that meet the necessary technical specifications. However, the use of adhesive sheets on vehicles will be allowed under the conditions established in the vehicle regulations. The placement of the emblems provided for in the transport legislation or in other provisions must be carried out in such a way that they do not impede the correct vision of the driver.

Therefore, if a Traffic officer believes that the air freshener you carry in the rear-view mirror of your car occupies a large part of your field of vision and prevents you from correctly seeing the road, they can fine you 200 euro. This same sanction, applying the aforementioned article 19, can be applied if you have an object in the car that blocks your visibility of the road or, as the Law indicates, a sticker, blind, etc. making it difficult for you to see.

Another problem is that the air freshener can serve as a distraction as it moves. If a road traffic incident occurs, both your ability to see and whether you were distracted, could be brought into question.

### Reversing? There are rules!

It is quite a frequent occurrence that we have to change the direction of travel and reverse, parking being the most obvious reason, but there are rules we must abide by when we do reverse with our vehicles, and if we don’t you could be 500 euro out of pocket.

The most common rules ignored, or not known, by drivers, is that generally you can only reverse for a maximum of 15 metres, and you must so do, “slowly”.

Specifically, the Spanish Traffic Law dedicates a section and two complete articles to reversing: article 80 and 81.
Article 80:

 	It is prohibited to move backwards, except in cases where it is not possible to move forward or change direction or direction of travel, and in complementary manoeuvres to another that requires it, and always with the minimum necessary distance to carry it out.
 	The route backwards, as a complementary manoeuvre for stopping, parking or entering traffic, may not exceed 15 metres or invade a crossroads.
 	Reversing on motorways is prohibited.

Article 81:

 	The reversing manoeuvre must be carried out slowly, after having warned it with the mandatory signals and having made sure, even getting off or following the instructions of another person, if necessary, that, due to the circumstances of visibility, space and time necessary to carry it out, will not constitute a danger to other road users.
 	The driver of a vehicle that intends to go backwards must warn the purpose in the manner provided in article 109 (with the vehicle light that is automatically connected when engaging reverse gear; in case of to drive with a vehicle that does not have it, the driver must indicate it by extending the arm horizontally and keeping the palm of the hand backwards).
 	Likewise, you must carry out the manoeuvre with the utmost caution and stop the vehicle as quickly as possible if you hear indicator warnings or become aware of the proximity of another vehicle or a person or animal, or as soon as security requires it, giving up the action. Manoeuvre if necessary.

The fines that you can get when reversing
Thus, the Traffic Code provides for a series of offences related to reversing. Almost all of them are punished with a 200-euro fine, but with a 500-euro fine in some very specific cases. These sanctions are the following:
Fines of 200 euro

 	If you drive backwards being able to avoid it with another manoeuvre.
 	If you drive backwards for a distance of more than 15 metres to carry out the manoeuvre to which it is complementary.
 	If you drive backwards, invading a crossroads to carry out the manoeuvre to which it is complementary.
 	If you carry out the reverse manoeuvre on the motorway.
 	If you carry out the reversing manoeuvre without making sure that it will not constitute a danger to other road users.
 	If you do not perform the reverse manoeuvre slowly.
 	If you carry out the reversing manoeuvre without warning with the mandatory signals.
 	If you do not carry out the reversing manoeuvre with the utmost caution.
 	If you do not stop the vehicle, or give up the reversing manoeuvre; when required for safety.

Fines of 500 euro
A penalty of this amount is only imposed in a very specific case: when you are driving "in the opposite direction to that stipulated, reversing a long section of the road".

### N332 eMagazine - Issue 25 - Spring 2023

Spring is well and truly in full swing now, and although, unusually, we have not yet had the usual rains in Spain, many drivers are still suffering with the effects of pollen, which, according to experts, is also quite mild at the moment, due to the unseasonably warm and dry weather, but they also say that it is going to get worse.

If you do suffer from seasonal allergies, take extra precautions and don’t drive if you feel that your ability might in any way be compromised. Similarly, if you take medication to combat the condition, make sure you check with your pharmacist or doctor, as some of these medications can affect your ability to drive, and they can also result in a fine for failing drugs tests.

We have already experienced the first busy period of the roads after Christmas, the Easter celebrations, and the next big influx of travellers will of course be summer. But between now and then we do still get a steady trickle of an increase, so be prepared that the roads will start to get busier.

We are talking about pedestrians this time, answering your questions, as well as advice on disabled parking permits, seat belts, the ITV, and medical advice from our friends at Quironsalud, Torrevieja.

We have lots of articles to keep you busy reading in this issue, and as always you can get up to date information from the website, n332.es, and follow our partners on their websites and Facebook, Ibex Insurance, Coys Rent a Car, and The Leader newspaper.

Until next time, stay safe.

### Car LED Bulb Confusion Clarified

Although replacing halogen lamps with LEDs without the need for legal procedures had been allowed for months in Spain, various circumstances prevented it or made it excessively complicated, but now, following a change in the regulations, all difficulties are resolved, as the modification allows the free installation of any approved LED bulb in a country of the European Union.

In November of 2022, the Ministry of Industry had made a modification to the Manual for Vehicle Reforms to allow the replacement of halogen bulbs with LEDs without the need for approval procedures by the user.

However, said modification required that this could only be the case in the case of LED bulbs approved according to the ECE R37 regulation, which is the one that governs halogen bulbs.

In practice, no existing product on the market met this criterion, since manufacturers approved their LED technology products according to the LED standard and not according to the standard for halogen bulbs.

As a result of this, we had to wait until February to have Spain´s first halogen replacement LED lamps approved in the country: the OSRAM Night Breaker.

However, in addition to being very expensive, they did not carry the ECE R37 label, so it was necessary to download a document that accredited to the authorities and the ITV that these bulbs were legal. Likewise, it was necessary to carry an equivalent replacement certificate, also provided by OSRAM.

Now, the Ministry of Industry, Commerce and Tourism has definitively resolved the problem, opening the door to other manufacturers and, consequently, making it easier for users to switch from halogen to LED bulbs.

On April 15, the BOE published the first correction to the Vehicle Reform Manual indicating that, from May 5, it will be possible to replace halogen bulbs with approved LED bulbs not only in Spain, but in any country of the European Economic Area.

In practice, this modification of the regulations allows the free installation of any LED bulb approved in a European Union country, which must be accompanied by an equivalent replacement certificate provided by the manufacturer.

Thus, the numerous bulbs previously approved in Germany, France and other EU countries -and which could not be used legally in Spain- can now be installed without problems.

This, in addition to facilitating the use of LED bulbs in vehicles with standard halogen bulbs, will allow the user to access them at lower prices, which until now exceeded 110 euro per pair in all cases.

### What is Barrett's oesophagus? Symptoms and treatments

The specialists of the General Surgery and Digestive System service  of Quirónsalud Torrevieja answer the most frequently asked questions about Barrett's oesophagus (BE).

 

What is Barrett's oesophagus?

Barrett's oesophagus is a condition in which the lining of the distal oesophagus, next to the entrance to the stomach, is damaged by acid reflux, causing this lining to be replaced by a different one and causing Barrett's oesophagus.

Risk actors for Barrett's oesophagus:

Family history.

Being a man.

Being white.

Age.  It can occur at any age but is most common in adults over age 50.

Smoking or having smoked.

Overweight.

What symptoms are most common?

Patients with Barrett's oesophagus have the same symptoms as those with gastroesophageal reflux disease: heartburn and regurgitation.

In addition, symptoms such as difficulty swallowing food and chest pains also appear, although to a lesser extent.

For some people, this gastroesophageal reflux disease can trigger a change in the cells lining the lower oesophagus and cause Barrett's oesophagus.

Most people with a diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus report few or no symptoms.

What are the dangers of this disorder?

Barrett's oesophagus is linked to an increased risk of developing oesophageal cancer.

"Although the risk of oesophageal cancer is low, it is important to have regular endoscopic check-ups and biopsies of the oesophagus to check for precancerous cells (dysplasia)."  Explain the specialists of Quirónsalud Torrevieja.

What tests are performed for its diagnosis?

The test performed is upper endoscopy.

What treatments are there?

Treatment depends on the degree of cellular alteration of the oesophageal epithelium and the patient's condition.

Periodic endoscopy, to monitor the state of the epithelium of Barrett's oesophagus by means of biopsies, should be performed periodically every 1-2 years, depending on the type of cellular alteration.

In addition, gastroesophageal reflux should be treated with medications and lifestyle change. 

When to operate?

Antisecretory medication, such as omeprazole, reduces the risk of development and progression of Barrett's oesophagus, but they are not effective in facilitating complete prevention, since they do not completely prevent the passage of stomach acid into the oesophagus, which continues to injure the oesophageal mucosa.

Therefore, anti-reflux surgery is considered superior to antisecretory medication in controlling Barrett's oesophagus, and should be offered to patients as the best therapeutic option, reporting benefits as well as possible side effects.

What is the success rate of this surgery?

"The success rate of anti-reflux surgery is over 90% at 5 years," say the specialists.

Recommendations to avoid reflux

A healthy diet, we eliminate spicy products, citrus fruits, tobacco, alcohol, coffee ...

Do not make copious meals.

Do not go to bed until 2 or 3 hours after eating.

Sleep with your head held high to prevent reflux from rising.

Sleep on the left so that our stomach does not turn towards the oesophagus.

Lead a stress-free life.

Treat constipation.

Do not wear very tight garments.

Avoid taking drugs that reduce the tone of the lower oesophageal sphincter.

What is Barrett's oesophagus surgery?

The surgery is performed laparoscopically and consists of making a valve with the patient's own stomach, like a tie, that surrounds the oesophagus.

This valve prevents the acidic contents of the stomach from rising into the oesophagus and damaging the mucosa.

How is the postoperative period?

"It is an operation that in expert hands has practically no complications and 24-48 hours the patient is discharged to his home, being able to lead a normal life 7-10 days after surgery" explains the specialists of Quirónsalud.

### Can children ride pillion on motorbikes?

Motorcyclists are amongst some of the most vulnerable road users, and together with cyclists and pedestrians, account for 46% of those killed in traffic incidents, according to the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT). That is why road safety for this type of vehicle is more complex and as a consequence, carrying a child as a pillion passenger entails a lot of responsibility.

As the DGT indicates, the safety of the minor, as an occupant or passenger of a vehicle, is the driver's responsibility. «Respecting the rules, making sure that they are retained or using protection systems, driving in a calm and relaxed manner, without aggressiveness or suddenness, leaving a safety space, and adjusting the speed to the traffic circumstances, is the best way to protect to the little ones on their journeys”, they explain.

The General Traffic Regulations establish two circumstances related to the age at which children can ride a motorcycle as a passenger.
The minimum age to ride a motorcycle as a passenger
As a general rule: the motorcycle passenger must be over 12 years of age.

The exception: those over 7 years old may be passengers on a motorcycle as long as the driver of that motorcycle or moped is their father, mother, guardian or persons of legal age authorised by them.

The rest of the requirements are the same as those for adult passengers: an approved helmet of the corresponding size must be used. The position should be astride and with the feet resting on the side footrests. In addition, the child must always go behind the driver and never between the driver and the handlebars of the motorcycle.

Fines: Circulating with children under 12 years of age as passengers on motorcycles or mopeds, except over 7 years if the driver is one of their parents or guardian: 200 euro.
Motorcycle child safety decalogue
Aesvi, the Spanish Alliance for Children's Road Safety, with the collaboration of the International Union for the Defence of Motorcyclists, prepared this decalogue for minors to travel safely on motorcycles. "The objective is to prevent road risks in their movements and raise awareness of the need to avoid accidents as a passenger in all types of transport," they explain.

Helmet: Every minor who travels on a motorcycle or moped as a passenger must wear a duly approved helmet (Rgto.22), adapted to their size and adjusted by its fastening strap under the chin.

Age: It is recommended that only those over 12 years old travel by motorcycle. Exceptionally, it may be used from the age of seven as long as the drivers are the father, mother, guardian or a person of legal age authorised by them.

Highway: For interurban routes, where the traffic speeds are higher, you should never travel with children under 12 years of age.

Position: Children must always use the corresponding seat behind the driver of the moped or motorcycle. You will have to ride astride, and with your feet resting on the side footrests. Before starting we must make sure that they hold on firmly.

Protection: Children must be protected, together with an approved helmet, with all the equipment, such as a motorcycle jacket with protections, gloves, pants and boots. In the case of not having technical equipment, and in the cases of using a moped or motorcycle in an urban environment, we recommend long pants, high-top shoes, motorcyclist gloves, more economical and easily adapted “bibcock” type protections (back, shoulders and elbows) and knee pads.

Backpack: Children should never carry a backpack while riding a motorcycle, as it can destabilise them, putting their safety at risk. The backpack must be properly tied to the carrier or luggage rack of the motorcycle.

Backrest: If trips with children are frequent, it is recommended to incorporate a back support or "top case" into the motorcycle to improve the safety and attachment of the child to the motorcycle.

Grip: The child must hold on to the driver without affecting driving (a good resource is the sides of the belt). The current grips that motorcycles incorporate on the sides can be dangerous for children, due to their stability.

Driving: The driver must accelerate the motorcycle smoothly and progressively, especially at the beginning of its run, and avoid aggressive and dangerous driving. Do not take unnecessary risks, keeping your attention to traffic at all times.

Get off or get on: In the descent and ascent of the child to the motorcycle, special attention must be paid to the location and state of the exhaust pipe, and it will be done through the safest area of ​​the pavement (usually right side). It is recommended to help the child in their descent or ascent with one of the driver's forearms.

### Where to Place Stickers in the Windscreen

The vehicle´s windscreen is designed to provide protection for the vehicle occupants, whilst allowing for visibility of the road ahead. In terms of the latter point, visibility, it is important that nothing interferes with that function, however there are a very small number of items which are allowed to be place in the windscreen, as they are mandatory requirements. But they are few and far between.

In reality, the only things which you are permitted to place displayed on the windscreen are the ITV, Eco, and shared lane permission (rare) stickers.

It is also important that we place the stickers in the correct location in the windscreen. To explain where, for the purpose of this article, we must imagine that we are sitting in the vehicle and looking out of the windscreen.

ITV Sticker

Once your vehicle has undergone the mandatory vehicle inspection (ITV), and passed, you will be issued with a small rectangular sticker. This sticker must be placed in the upper righthand side corner of the windscreen.

It is also a requirement that you only display a single sticker, the one which shows the current validity. These stickers sequence through tree colours, red, yellow, and green.

The fine for not displaying the ITV sticker, or displaying it incorrectly, or having it in a bad state, is 80 euro. If you do need a replacement, such as if your windscreen has been damaged, return to the ITV centre for a replacement, taking your documents with you.

ITV sticker

Eco Sticker

The eco sticker, or environmental badge, which identifies the polluting emissions of our car, designated B, C, Eco or Zero, should be placed in the bottom righthand side corner of the windscreen.

The eco sticker in a windscreen

Car Sharing

Lastly, there is a sticker which refers to car sharing or rental-by-the-minute vehicles. In this case, its use is also mandatory and must be placed in the lower left corner of the windshield.

The areas where this sticker is required are not that common at the moment, and so this sticker Is the least likely you will see or use.

Remember, it is important that these rules are followed, and nothing else is displayed in the windscreen, such as, for example, “for sale” signs. Anything which can hinder the visibility of the driver can result in action based on article 19.1 of the General Traffic Regulations, which says: «The glazed surface of the vehicle must allow, in any case, the clear visibility of the driver over the entire road on which it circulates without interference from sheets or adhesives».

A bad example of stickers in the windscreen

### Don’t brake sharply when you spot a radar!

There are various means and tools that the DGT uses to monitor the road network to ensure the law is compiled with by drivers, from helicopters and drones to Guardia Civil patrols, and of course the network of cameras and radars littered around the country.

All of these devices are used with a single goal, to make the roads safer for all, but all too often, drivers create a riskier situation by reacting harshly to a warning they hadn’t noticed, such as breaking sharply when they see a speed radar device.

Generally speaking, being caught speeding on the roads of Spain is dealt with as an administrative offence, with a fine of between 100 and 600 euro, and the loss of some points. Many of the drivers who violate the speed limit are caught be the network of speed traps around the country.

Now, firstly, a secret. The DGT actually want you to know where these cameras are. So much so, they publish their locations. Moreover, although mobile speed detectors are illegal in Spain, mapping devices are allowed to warn you of the location of fixed radars. Not only that, their presence is warned by signs on the road itself.

The reason for this is because all of the fixed radars are located in areas prone to incidents, what we might call “blackspots”, and as such, the overall idea of these cameras is not actually to catch drivers speeding, but rather to get to us be more careful driving through a notorious stretch of road.

So, in order to avoid being caught by one of these fixed radars, all we have to do is check the map and locations on the DGT website, or our approved mapping device, and we will be aware of potentially dangerous areas, and the presence of these cameras, before we set off.

The reason we have told you all of this now takes us back to the point of this article. All too often, drivers who are unaware of the location of these radars spot them at the last minute, and brake sharply to slow their vehicle down before crossing the path of the camera.

This is a very dangerous move, and, moreover, is on a stretch of road we have already identified as risky thus multiplying the overall threat to road safety.

The action is also punishable, because it is so dangerous. So, although you might avoid the fine for speeding, you could well end up with a different fine for endangering road safety if you brake abruptly.

Sudden and unjustified braking to avoid a radar may imply putting the safety of, for example, the occupants of the vehicle immediately behind at risk, and is sanctioned with a financial fine of 200 euro, in addition to withdrawal of between 2 and 6 points depending on the severity of the action.

Look back over the earlier fine for speeding and you will see that the penalty for braking to avoid the speed camera could be double the fine for being caught speeding.

Remember that all fixed speed cameras are marked in advance, either by a fixed sign that warns of the presence of a speed camera or by means of a raised luminous sign and published online. Regardless of the mandatory notice, the most prudent and safest thing to do is not to exceed the maximum speed allowed on the road in the first place.

### Erectile dysfunction: symptoms, causes and treatment

The specialists of the Urology Unit at Quirónsalud Torrevieja answer the most frequently asked questions about erectile dysfunction.

What is erectile dysfunction?

Erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve and maintain an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse.

However, if erectile dysfunction in men is a recurring problem, it can cause stress, affect self-confidence and contribute to relationship problems.

If you are worried about erectile dysfunction, put yourself in the hands of specialists to help you treat it. Quirónsalud has a team of urologists specialised in this type of pathology.

Symptoms of erectile dysfunction

Among the symptoms that patients usually present, we can mention:

– Problems getting an erection.
– Problems maintaining an erection.
– Decreased sexual desire.

When should you see a specialist?

If you have the following symptoms and they are recurrent, see your doctor:

– You are concerned about your erections or have other sexual problems, such as ejaculatory dysfunction, premature or delayed ejaculation.
– You have diabetes, heart disease, or another known medical condition that may be associated with erectile dysfunction.
– You have other symptoms in addition to erectile dysfunction.

What causes erectile dysfunction

Male sexual arousal is a complex process involving the brain, hormones, emotions, nerves, muscles and blood vessels. Erectile dysfunction can be the result of a problem with any of these. Similarly, stress and mental health concerns can cause erectile dysfunction or make it worse.

Sometimes erectile dysfunction is due to a combination of physical and psychological issues. For example, a minor physical illness that slows down your sexual response can make you anxious about maintaining an erection. This anxiety can cause or worsen erectile dysfunction.

How is erectile dysfunction diagnosed?

Once the patient has presented with the symptoms mentioned above, a series of specific questionnaires are carried out to try to detect it. In addition, a physical examination and a series of analyses are carried out to determine the male’s hormonal status and possible imbalances in liver, kidney or pancreatic function.

How is erectile dysfunction treated?

Treatment should be oriented according to the patient’s expectations and wishes.

Depending on the results of the tests and once the cause of the erectile dysfunction in the male has been found, in some cases, treatment with a psychologist specialised in sexology is used.

Oral administration of a tablet containing sildenafil, vardenafil or tadalafil is sometimes effective. When sexually stimulated, these drugs work by increasing blood flow to the penis.

There are some treatments, which use drugs that the patient injects into the penile shaft himself. They have some side effects that should be avoided with a good training of the patient.

If you want to know more about erectile dysfunction or if you have some of the symptoms mentioned above on a recurring basis, we recommend that you consult a urology specialist at Quirónsalud Torrevieja.

 

### New surveillance campaign focused on speed this week

Through the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, as well as the rest of the local police officers who join it, the General Directorate of Traffic is launching a new specific control campaign focused on monitoring traffic speed as one of the key risk factors in road traffic incidents.

The objective of the campaign, which will run from today until next Sunday 23, is to control especially risky sections associated with speed, as well as those points where traffic exceeds the established limit and there is a high incident rate, all following the recommendations of the international and European Organisations that urge the agencies in charge of road safety in different countries to ensure that the established speed limits are complied with.

In view of its preventive nature, the existence of controls will be announced to drivers, either through variable message panels, or through circumstantial vertical signage when the road does not have such panels.

As this is a campaign also carried out at a European level by the RoadPol (European Roads Policing Network) association, surveillance will not only be carried out in Spain but in all the countries adhering to said association. Within it, the RoadPol Speed ​​Marathon will be held on Friday the 21st, a speed control action throughout the European continent that this year celebrates its tenth edition and to which more than 14,900 traffic police officers joined last year from 19 countries that controlled more than 3,100,000 drivers at 10,500 checkpoints.

It is necessary to remember that inappropriate speed is the third most common contributing factor in traffic incidents, especially those with fatalities, with more than 251 cases in 2022.

It has been shown that speed not only affects the risk of being involved in a traffic incident, but also that the higher the speed, the more difficult it will be to react in time to prevent the incident and the more serious the injuries produced as a result of it will be.
European Baseline Project
The General Directorate of Traffic has recently presented the results of the European Baseline Project, a road safety program in which 18 countries have participated and with which it is intended to adequately monitor progress in road safety in member countries through 8 key performance indicators related to the behaviour of people, vehicles, infrastructure and post-incident care.

With regard to speed, in Spain the level of compliance with the established speed limit varies depending on the type of road. In the case of conventional roads, where the majority of incidents take place, compliance with the established speed limit is 43%, a low level, similar to that registered by Belgium (46%).

On urban roads with a 50km/h limit, the level of speed compliance by passenger cars is 65%, the third highest value of the 13 countries with which we share a limit.

For its part, on 30 km/h streets, the level of compliance is 32%, the highest value of the three countries for which data is available. It should also be noted that the average speed of cars in streets 30 is 11 km/h lower than that of streets 50 (36 versus 47 km/h), a difference that represents a great reduction in the risk of fatal collisions.
The Intelligent Speed ​​Assistant as a helper
All vehicles approved since July 6, 2022, as well as those newly registered as of July 6, 2024, must have a series of advanced security functions, the so-called ADAS, among which is the Intelligent Speed Assistant (ISA).

This system, made up of the vehicle's navigator, which shows the speed limit on the road on which it is driving, and a sign recognition system that complements digital cartography and detects temporary speed limits, helps the driver to know and respect speed limits, thus contributing to the improvement of road safety.

### Driving with Allergies

The arrival of spring and good weather ends up becoming a nightmare for many people who suffer from the typical allergies of this time of year, known commonly as hay fever, but the effects of those allergies can have consequences when driving.

The most common allergies are environmental, especially those caused by pollen. Specifically, grass pollen is responsible for most spring allergies, especially in the north and centre of the peninsula. However, in the Mediterranean basin, the main cause of this discomfort is the parietaria, while in the south of Spain there are many cases of allergy to the olive tree.

The most frequent symptoms in patients with allergies are: eye irritation, nasal congestion, sneezing, itchy skin, itchy throat, fatigue and respiratory problems, among others, all of which undoubtedly affect driving. In fact, there are studies that warn that the risk of having a traffic related incident increases by 30% with allergic drivers.

As the DGT explains, sneezing for five seconds while driving at 90 kilometres per hour means stopping paying attention to the road for more than 125 metres. Bearing in mind that a sneezing crisis is normally associated with watery eyes, in the case of driving at 100 kilometres per hour, distance travelled without looking at the road can reach 140 metres. In addition, 50% of people with allergies suffer from sleep disturbances and 40% of those with allergic rhinitis suffer from daytime sleepiness, which also affects road safety.

The medication used to treat allergic diseases are antihistamines. These pills have incorporated in their assemblies, for a few years, a pictogram that warns of its effects on driving. In addition, in their leaflets they include a section that explains the effects, if they have them. It should be noted that antihistamines that use bilastine, ebastine, desloratadine, loratadine and terfenadine as active ingredients usually have no effect on driving, so they are safer if you are going to drive, but always check with the information leaflet, your pharmacist, or doctor, before driving whilst on any medication.

The overall advice, inconvenient though it might be, is if you are suffering an allergic episode and are affected by the symptoms, or medication, refrain from driving until it is safe to do so.

### Is your body telling you not to drive?

Safety in our cars is a basic issue, and despite the fact that our vehicles are becoming safer and more intelligent, it is of no use if we are not able to recognise ourselves when we are not in optimal conditions to drive.

Fatigue is an important factor in road safety, and it can be especially dangerous when driving a vehicle. In a world which is expected to be productive 24 hours a day, lack of sleep and exhaustion can be hard to avoid. While the obvious solution to tiredness is getting enough sleep, it's often not immediately possible to do so when you're on the road. Therefore, it is important to know the danger signs that indicate that it is time to stop to rest, as the DGT reminds us.

We must be clear that, above all, far above factors such as arriving at our destination as soon as possible, the most important factor is simply to arrive, safely.

The signs that alert that your body needs to rest

Heavy eyelids are a classic sign of tiredness, and it's one of the first indications of the onset of sleep. If you feel that the eyelids are drooping, it is important to stop as soon as possible to rest. Itchy and tired eyes can also be a sign of fatigue. In case you feel that the eyes are tired and itchy, it may be necessary to take a break.

Blurry or double vision is a worrisome sign of fatigue, as it can hinder the ability to drive safely. If you experience these symptoms, it is important to stop immediately to rest. Postural readjustments can be a sign that your body needs a break. Feeling the need to change position frequently is a sure sign that you are getting tired and need to stop to rest.

Continuous yawning can also be a sign of fatigue and may indicate that your body needs sleep. If you yawn frequently while driving, it's important to find a safe place to stop and take a quick nap, even if it's just for a few minutes.

Finally, a lack of concentration can be a worrying sign that you are getting tired and need to stop and rest. If you find yourself struggling to keep your attention on the road, it's important to find a safe place to stop and rest.

Above all, when undertaking any kind of journey on the road, take plenty of rest beforehand and make sure you plan plenty of stops on the way. You should not drive constantly for any long period of time, and just a short break can be enough to revitalise your senses, so make sure that tiredness does not creep in.

### What is the fine for not wearing a seat belt in Spain?

Seat belts save lives. The greatest risk of not wearing a seat belt in an increase in the risk of death, which is why, if you are caught not wearing a seat belt, you will be fined, and lose points from your licence. The sanction designed to educate you of the importance of wearing your seat belt. So, what is the fine for not wearing a seat belt in Spain?

Not wearing a seat belt is considered a serious offence. It is penalised with a 200-euro fine and the loss of 3 points on your license, if you are the driver. The driver is also responsible for minors in the car, who must also be secured in a seat suitable for their size and weight.

Remember, children under 135cm in height, must always sit in the rear seats. There are exceptions, such as if the vehicle does not have rear seats, and if the rear seats are already occupied by other children.

Adult passengers are responsible for their own actions and will face the fine.

Occupants in foreign registered vehicles will be required to pay the fine immediately, on the spot, and will not lose licence points.

The wearing of the seat belt is mandatory for all vehicle occupants, whether in the front or the back of the vehicle. In those vehicles where only two seat belts are available in the back seats, then only two people can sit on that seat.

The use of seat belts in Spain has been mandatory since 1975 for the front seats and since 1992 for the rear seats.

 
Basic rules for seat belt use
The DGT shares some basic and important recommendations for the use of seat belts:

Putting on the seat belt in the rear seats is just as important as doing it in the front.

You must wear the seat belt tight to the body. You should not wear too bulky clothing.

You must not put anything below the belt in order to be more comfortable.

The seat belt should never be worn under the arm, nor should it be pulled away from the body to make it feel more comfortable.

Avoid putting any type of towel or cover on the seats, as it increases the probability of the “submarine” effect occurring.

Check, once fastened, that it is not caught or rolled anywhere.

Pass the top of the seat belt across the clavicle, between the neck and the shoulder; never by the neck, because it could cause serious injuries in the event of an incident.

Place the seat almost at a right angle, never too inclined, since this position favours the “submarine” effect.

Have an approved workshop change the seat belt if it has been activated during an incident such as a collision, because its braiding will have lost its effectiveness and there may even be breaks in the anchoring systems.

### Busy roads from Wednesday as the second phase of the Easter getaway begins

The second, and busiest phase of Easter traffic operations begins on Wednesday, when from 3:00 p.m., the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) expects a total of 9.4 million trips to take place.

The good weather, the lack of rainfall and the high temperatures that are expected will be on the side of travellers, where an average of 1.5 million daily trips is expected. This translates into an increase of almost 2.5% compared to the data for 2022.

In the first operation, which took place last weekend, 14 people were killed on the roads.

The General Director of Traffic, Pere Navarro, has once again called for prudence at the wheel, recalling the current consecutive campaign to avoid alcohol before driving, as well as ensuring you drive at an appropriate speed, take breaks every two hours and wear your seat belt, whilst also not using your mobile phone.

Traffic flows will start to increase from early afternoon on Wednesday - at which time this second phase begins in all the communities except Catalonia and the Valencian Community - traffic problems and retentions at exits and accesses of large urban centres will be the biggest challenge. And it can occur both in the interior of the peninsula and in areas of the periphery and coast, moving as the afternoon progresses to the destination areas.

The congestion of the roads will be repeated on Thursday morning and, from 1:00 p.m., they will be especially noticeable in Catalonia and the Valencian Community, with the start of the Special Operation in those regions.

Throughout Friday, displacements will continue in the direction out of large cities and may cause heavy traffic. In the first half of the day, except in Catalonia and the Valencian Community, the routes will be short distance to leisure and recreation areas close to urban centres. The rest of the day this type of travel will continue, as well as on Saturday morning, while the return movements will begin in the afternoon.

The return will continue on Sunday in Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, the Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid and Murcia. Traffic problems may occur, especially between one in the afternoon and eleven at night on motorways, dual carriageways, roads in coastal areas and, late in the afternoon, on the access roads to large cities.

It should be noted that to deal with this increase in circulation, the DGT has all its resources, both technical and human. In turn, it will implement traffic management and regulation measures, such as the installation of reversible lanes and the suspension of works.

### Driving to Spain this Easter? Be aware of a number of changes

If you’re planning to drive to Spain this Easter, once you have navigated the problems at the UK border and worked your way through France, you need to be aware of changes when you get to Spain.

There have been a number of changes and new traffic laws which have entered into force, including such things as overtaking cyclists, parking, environmental Low Emission Zones, and speed, but regarding the latter point, speed, if you have driven through Spain before, you too need to be aware of certain changes.

Firstly, the maximum permitted speed on motorways in Spain is 120 kilometres per hour. This speed limit can vary however, so you need to watch the signs.

On the national road network, out of towns, the limit is 90 kilometres per hour, in in towns and cities, the general maximum permitted speed is 30 kilometres per hour. All of these limits are generic and can change, so again, it is important to watch for the signs.

Inappropriate speed ​​is one of the main causes of road traffic incidents, whether on conventional roads or motorways.

As we have said, although the generic limit on motorways is 120 kilometres per hour, that limit can be reduced for a variety of reasons, and that is precisely what has happened on the main motorway that passes from the north-easy coast of Spain through Catalonia, where the Servei Català de Trànsit (SCT) has enforced a limit of 100 kilometres per hour on some section of the AP-7 motorway that once had a higher limit.

The cause of this speed limitation is the increase in incidents on this road, caused by the increase in traffic after the tolls were removed. The number of incidents on the AP-7 has increased, going from 503 incidents with injuries, of which 32 resulted in deaths or serious injuries in 2019, to 647, with 55 of them with deaths or serious injuries.

The affected section is seven kilometres long, between Martorell and Gelida. However, it will not be a permanent limitation, but will only activate during weekends and special operations. This speed restriction will be in effect on Friday afternoons, Saturday mornings and Sunday afternoons.

In addition, it establishes the obligation for trucks to drive in the righthand lane at the same times. This measure began this weekend and will be applied in a trial period for a few weeks. To detect vehicles that do not travel at the maximum speed allowed, 100 kilometres per hour, radars will be installed and the presence of the Mossos d'esquadra will be reinforced.

In addition to this section, more radars will be installed in other conflictive points, so that greater control of excessive speed can be offered. This plan also includes a ban on trucks leaving the right lane in the section between Calafat and Camarles, in Baix Ebre. This measure will be applied every day of the week and seeks to reduce the risk of an incident caused by overtaking between trucks in an area where this risk increases.

Whereas the measure may seem complicated to those not used to the area, such as tourists, the advice, as always, is to keep a sharp lookout for all of the road signs and comply with their instructions or advice. Keep in mind also that if you are using a sat nav device, this may not have been updated with the new restrictions.

### Watching Your Driving!

As the roads are stating to get a little busier in the pre-Easter rush, it´s worth taking note that allowing extra time for your journey is the only solution to arriving at a destination on time, and not driving faster to get there.

The roads of Spain are protected by a network of cameras and electronic devices, some in fixed locations, others which are mobile and can be deployed in a matter of minutes, and so, for those who choose not to abide by the law, the chances of getting caught are increasing all the time.
Fixed cameras
Fixed speed cameras are the most numerous, with over 1,400 in operation according to the latest date from the DGT. They are normally installed on gantries (next to variable information signs) or on the side of the road. The good news is that drivers are warned about the location of these cameras by any means possible. There will be signs on the approach, and a list is published on the DGT website. Plus, mapping apps for your mobile phone are allowed to warn of the presence of this type of camera. The reason, quite simply, is because these cameras are installed in areas prone to incidents, and so are designed to act more as a deterrent than enforcement. To slow cars down in dangerous locations.

The more modern cameras also monitor for other offences such as seat belt use, mobile phones, and can monitor traffic in both directions.
Mobile devices
There are a number of different mobile devices available to those policing the roads, such as the Velolaser portable radar equipment which can be installed on a tripod of affixed to the guardrail, amongst other places, and other devices that operate from within the vehicles monitoring traffic, such as Guardia Civil cars, some of which are unmarked, and now includes, as has been the case for around a year now, camouflaged vans.

There are also helicopters, many fitted with the Pegasus equipment, and drones now in use for monitoring and enforcing traffic law.

No warning is given over the presence of these devices and the ownership of radar detectors is illegal in Spain.
Section cameras
Section cameras are similar to fixed cameras, but rather than recording speed at a single point, they record the vehicle entering a zone, the “section”, and again leaving the area, calculating the average speed of the vehicle between both points by comparing the timestamp issued on the entry and exit to the section, and if the vehicle didn´t take as long as expected, then it was clearly exceeding the speed limit at some point.
Fines
Speeding fines are generally considered administrative offences and will result in a fine of between 100 and 600 euro, with discounts for prompt payment. Drivers with a foreign licence do not qualify for discounts and will have to pay the fine on the spot to the traffic officer.

### Alcohol – Only Zero has Zero Consequences

The DGT has launched a new awareness campaign to coincide with the Easter period, focussing on the risks involved in the consumption of alcohol before driving.

Although there is an alcohol limit established in law, a limit which is considerably lower than that of the UK for example, the only safe amount of alcohol that you should consume before driving is zero.

Alcohol is present in 1 out of every 3 fatal traffic incidents. In 2021, almost 55,000 criminal convictions were handed down for traffic crimes, for driving with very high levels of alcohol. Through a children's song, and the usual excuses that people who have consumed alcohol give for getting behind the wheel, and the dramatic consequences that this irresponsible attitude can have, are told.

The slogan chosen this time is “Alcohol lies to you. Only 0 has 0 consequences”, and the different pieces put into the mouths of children, who in this case are those who suffer the consequences of traffic incidents caused by alcohol consumption, these excuses that we have all heard at some time: “with two you do not test positive”, “I live five minutes away”, “it has only been one drink”, or “nothing has ever happened to me”, among others.

The main reason that has led the DGT to choose this topic is that alcohol is present, either as a concurrent factor or as a trigger, in 1 out of every 3 fatal traffic incidents. And not only that because, according to the 2021 Report "Toxicological findings in fatalities in traffic accidents" from the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, almost half of the drivers killed in traffic accidents who underwent autopsies, had the presence of alcohol and/or other drugs in their blood, a percentage that rises to 75% in the specific case of alcohol, all of them with very high blood alcohol levels (equal to or greater than 1.2 g/L). In addition, in 2021, 54,764 criminal convictions were handed down for traffic crimes, for driving with very high rates of alcohol.

The campaign tries, once again, to put an end to the perception that many people have that the risk of an incident is only associated with very high levels of alcohol consumption, when the reality is that the negative effects of alcohol on driving ability are also observed with low levels of intake. That is why the DGT insists that only 0 has 0 consequences.

### Easter 2023 on the Roads of Spain

The first phase of the special operation monitoring the roads of Spain during the Easter 2023 period started this weekend, running until midnight on Sunday night, with 4.3 million trips are expected.

Traffic always gets busier during Easter, as many inland residents move to holiday homes in coastal and mountainous tourist areas, and mix with international tourists looking to take their Easter break in the country.

Firstly, as part of this year’s campaign the DGT insists on the importance of taking extreme precautions in the event of having to get out of the vehicle on the road, as well as avoiding risky behaviours at the wheel such as alcohol (which causes one in three fatal traffic incidents) and watching your speed.

Remember, warning triangles may now be replaced by emergency lights, but be careful which type you buy. However, one or the other will still be mandatory in the event of a breakdown or incident, as is the wearing of a high visibility vest.

Last Easter there were 25 fatal incidents in which 27 people died.

Overall, there is an anticipated 16 million journeys expected during the entire Easter period, during which special measure will be in place until Monday, April 10, a holiday in six communities (Balearic Islands, Catalonia, the Basque Country, Valencian Community, La Rioja and Navarra).

This holiday period is one of the most complicated of the year, as the volume of trips made in a short space of time increases, with similar origins and destinations and made on the same days and hours.

As usual and making it coincide with public holidays, the operation is carried out in two phases, coinciding with the largest number of displacements and in which almost 90% of the planned movements are concentrated.

The first phase began on Friday, March 31 at 3:00 p.m. and ends at midnight on Sunday, April 2. In this phase, 4.3 million movements by road are planned.

The second phase, and the most important due to the volume of vehicle movements along the entire road network, will begin on Wednesday, April 5 and end on Monday, April 10.

To guarantee the road safety of all those who travel and, at the same time, facilitate mobility and fluidity on the roads, during these days the DGT has the maximum availability of the means at its disposal, including fixed speed cameras and mobile devices, helicopters and drones, as well as cameras and camouflaged vans for monitoring speed, mobile phones, and seat belts, and the human resources of the Guardia Civil, civil servants from the Traffic management group, helicopter patrols and personnel in charge of maintaining equipment and installing measures on the road.

In addition, traffic management and regulation measures will be implemented, such as the installation of reversible lanes that facilitate movement in or out of urban centres depending on the needs, the suspension of works and the restrictions on certain vehicles. of goods, in specific sections and hours.

### Presbyopia and cataracts: symptoms, operation and recovery

The specialists of the ophthalmology service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja answer the most frequently asked questions about cataracts and presbyopia.
What are cataracts and presbyopia?

Cataracts and presbyopia are nowadays considered to be the most common pathologies linked to the ageing of the crystalline lens. The crystalline lens can be defined as the eye’s natural lens located between the iris and the vitreous body.

The specialists explain the concept of cataracts in a simple way, “This crystalline lens that we are talking about becomes more opaque around the age of 60, this is what cataracts are”.

On the other hand, presbyopia can be defined as the gradual loss of the eyes’ ability to focus on close objects due to the loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens.

At this point, the question of whether presbyopia can be solved without resorting to lenses or glasses may arise.

In this sense, the experts argue that there are various solutions for this without resorting to glasses from the age of 50 onwards, “At around the age of 50 the method of choice is to replace the crystalline lens with a multifocal intraocular lens”.

Cataract and presbyopia surgery

In both presbyopia and cataract surgery, the technique consists of aspirating the contents of the crystalline lens and implanting an intraocular lens inside it. It is a definitive, lifelong technique. “The results are excellent, but it is essential to carry out an exhaustive and personalised study, to know the patient’s activities in order to offer the best alternative,” explain the experts.
Frequently asked questions about cataract and presbyopia operations

Price of the operation. In this regard, the amount will depend on the specialist who is in charge of the operation and the clinic.

 	Postoperative period. It is quite simple, as these are painless surgeries, in addition, they have a quick recovery. It is only necessary to use antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drops.

Duration of the operation. It does not usually last more than 20 minutes on average.

The eyes heal completely in just 2 to 4 weeks after the operation.

Once the surgery has been performed, there are a few things to keep in mind:

 	Do not lift too much weight.
 	Do not practice risky sports.
 	Avoid direct water in the eyes.
 	Avoid wearing make-up for the first two weeks.
 	Do not expose to toxic agents.
 	Do not sunbathe.

Occasional symptoms after cataract surgery

Once the cataract operation has been performed, certain side effects may appear, which are transitory and disappear very quickly. However, if they do not disappear within an hour after surgery, it is advisable to ask your ophthalmologist for information.

Can cataracts and presbyopia be treated in the same operation?

“Yes, in fact, a patient who has had presbyopia surgery will never develop cataracts,” explain the ophthalmologists at Quirónsalud Torrevieja.
This statement is due to the fact that, when a person undergoes presbyopia surgery, at the same time they can be considered to be undergoing early cataract surgery. The reverse is also true: removing a cataract also corrects presbyopia.

When should cataract surgery be performed?

The optimal time to have cataract surgery is when people begin to notice limitations in their vision. The worse the cataracts get, the more difficult it is to remove them surgically.

Quirónsalud Torrevieja Ophthalmology Service

The team of specialists at Quirónsalud Torrevieja offers comprehensive care, with the safest, most precise and innovative technology for this type of treatment.

 

### Medical Conditions Inconsistent with Driving

Whenever you receive treatment from a doctor, or even visiting a pharmacist for help with a minor ailment, it is crucial that you always ask if whatever treatment you have been given will affect your ability to drive.

There are many prescription drugs that affect driving, and so, reading the label is also crucial, but just asking in the first instance can save a lot of trouble, but in addition to medication, there are certain medical conditions that are incompatible with driving.

Driving under the influence of drugs (and/or alcohol) is dangerous and therefore punishable, and whereas the image of a driver who has consumed drugs might be somewhat stereotypical in our minds, it equally can include those taking prescription medication, danger and punishment.

In the case of medical conditions, some of these are considered so serious they can involve a fine of 6,000 euro, and some of these conditions are much more common than you might think.

 	
Oncological ailments


Oncological diseases allow the driver to renew the licence between one and five years, determined by the doctor, in the event that there are no symptoms. In addition, oncohematological disorders also allow licence renewals, but only for one year and if no serious ailments have appeared in a minimum of three months.

Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, treatment, diagnosis and prevention of tumours, such as cancer.

 	
Digestive diseases


Digestive diseases that the DGT believes prevent driving are kidney transplants, as well as nephropathy with dialysis. In the case of the first, the licence can be renewed if more than 6 months have passed since the operation. The second may not be exclusive in the event that the driver has a favourable medical report. Therefore, the licence could be valid between one and 10 years.

 	
Vascular diseases


In the event that the condition is a large vessel aneurysm, the person could only renew the licence for between one and 10 years. If it is a dissection, the time drops between one and two years, as long as 6 months have passed since the intervention.

 	
Psychiatric illnesses


The list of psychiatric illnesses that prevent driving, according to the DGT is extensive. Among them are delirium, dementia, anxiety disorders, catatonic disorders and personality disorders.

Also, depression, anxiety, sleep disorder or obsessive-compulsive and intellectual development. On the other hand, TDH and alcohol or drug abuse and/or dependence are included.

 	
Neurological diseases


In the event that the driver suffers a transient ischemic attack and there is a favourable report, it would be possible to extend the licence for one year. If you have suffered a crisis or a loss of consciousness in the last year, you could not renew it.

On the other hand, if you have an epileptic seizure for the first time or the person has gone more than a year without having one, the doctor's report could be valid for between one and 10 years.

 	
Heart disease


Among the heart diseases for which you cannot drive according to the DGT are arrhythmias, acute myocardial infarction, if you have prosthetic valves, pacemakers or an automatic defibrillator.

 	
Respiratory diseases


The DGT also contemplates respiratory diseases such as sleep apnoea. However, if there is a favourable medical report, the licence could be extended for a maximum of 3 years. However, in the event that the disease is permanent dyspnoea at rest or on mild exertion, it will be impossible to renew the driving licence.

 	
Chronic and/or degenerative diseases


Other diseases that make driving impossible are Alzheimer's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or essential tremor. Also, multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, osteoporosis, Parkinson's and rheumatoid arthritis.

This list does not include all restrictive conditions, just a few of the most common.

In all of these cases, if a licence renewal is possible, the doctor is able to determine the period between renewals, and can impose other restrictions on the driver.

Again, we must stress, that it is important to check with your doctor at all times, as outside the scope of the driving licence renewal medical, you may still find yourself prevented from driving for a medical condition, which must be acted upon immediately.

### Everything You Need to Know About Emergency Lights

Warning triangles have been in use in Spain for a number of years now, but they are being phased out, to be replaced by flashing emergency warning lights, known officially as the V16 beacon.



Tragically, far too many people have been killed on the roads whilst carrying out the protective action of placing warning triangles, thus the V16 reduces that risk as you no longer have to walk into the path of traffic to advise other road users of the hazard.



Why are the Rules Changing?



Currently, you have a choice of using wither the warning triangles or a flashing beacon, but on 1 January 2026, only certain flashing light will be permitted. On motorways, there is now no mandatory requirement to use triangles, but if you have an emergency light, that should be used.



However, there are currently two different versions available on the market. One has been around for a couple of years, the other only released recently. The difference is that the new versions offer “connected” technology, whereas the original ones do not. In 2026, only the connected emergency lights will be permitted, so be careful you don’t buy an older one if you want it to last beyond that deadline.



Only those lights authorised by the DGT are permitted, so you have to be careful if you are buying them from an unusual source, such as online, as it is possible they will not comply with the standards and are not permitted. 



Our Top Choices





How to use Emergency Lights



Where should it be carried?



The device should be stored in the glove box, accessible and charged.



Where should it be placed?



In the highest possible part of the immobilised vehicle and, in any case, guaranteeing its maximum visibility. The specifications on its design require that it can be kept stable on a flat surface; but, if due to the height it is not possible to access the roof of the vehicle, the V16 device must be equipped with some means, such as a magnet, that allows it to be placed on the driver's door.



Does the V16 have to be connected with DGT 3.0?



Since January 2023, connected lights are being sold, however, connectivity will not be mandatory until January 1, 2026. Until then, the traditional triangles or V16 beacons can continue to be used without connecting.



Why is it better to buy a connected V16?



Although models with and without connection can currently coexist, the objective of connectivity is to communicate the activation, deactivation and geopositioning of the signal. Sharing the coordinates of your position that will help us protect you, spreading the word that there is a vehicle in difficulty to other vehicles that approach the scene.



How will other drivers know that I have had a hazard?



The light beam will make you visible from 1 km away. In addition, if the beacon is equipped with connectivity, the rest of the vehicles will receive the information on through browsers, mobility applications or on-board computers, and through the Variable Message Panels on the roads.



How do I pay for connectivity? How many years of connectivity do I have?



The device will integrate inside its casing all the elements necessary for its operation, including communications, without having to resort to external elements such as mobile phone applications or the like. Regarding the duration of the service, the legislation establishes a minimum connectivity availability of 12 years, the cost of which is already included in the sale price of the V16, so you will not have to pay any type of additional fee. Of course, it is important to observe the expiration date, which you will find printed both on the packaging and on the device itself.



Are all V16s that are advertised as connected really connected and valid?



No. Only the brands and models published in the Certified Brands and Models section are those that have passed the certification process are legal.

### Driving Lessons Can Only Be Carried Out by Qualified Professionals in Spain

It is quite possible when you were learning to drive that you practised your novice skills with an accompanied driver whilst you held a provisional licence, a common practice to this day in the UK, but in Spain, this sort of experience is currently illegal, as only qualified driving instructors may accompany drivers who have yet to pass their test.

Despite the legalities, it is not uncommon for qualified drivers to this, in isolated places where there is hardly any traffic, but as it it is an illegal action it has important consequences for both the driver and the passenger.
Possible sanctions
According to article 384 of the Criminal Code, "anyone who drives a motor vehicle or moped in cases of loss of validity of the permit or licence due to total loss of the legally assigned points, will be punished with a prison sentence of three to six months or with a fine of twelve to twenty-four months or with work for the benefit of the community from thirty-one to ninety days. The same penalty will be imposed on whoever drives after having been provisionally or definitively deprived of the permit or licence by judicial decision and whoever drives a motor vehicle or moped without ever having obtained a driving permit or licence.

In addition, driving a vehicle without having the corresponding licence entails an administrative sanction of 3,000 euro. However, it must be taken into account that, if the driver is a minor, the consequences are not the same since the fine falls on their parents or legal guardians.

In the most extreme cases, the sanction can mean imprisonment if a serious incident occurs or if the driver and companion are arrested and show aggressive behaviour before the authorities, for example.
Is it possible to drive as a minor?
Keep in mind that being a minor does not mean that you cannot drive any type of vehicle. According to the data handled by the online insurance marketer AMV, there are 57,000 underage drivers who have motorcycles in Spain. According to road safety experts, this is because riding a motorcycle has many advantages from a practical sense (it consumes less, repairs are less expensive and it is easier to park).

Motorcycles (class A1 permit), mopeds up to 50 cc, agricultural vehicles (LVA) and vehicles for people with reduced mobility can be driven by minors. For the rest of motor vehicles, it is essential to be of legal age and have the corresponding driver's licence.
The future
That said the future will bring changes. We already know that in 2024 the DGT will approve a new class of driving licence, the B1 permit, which will allow those over the age of 16 to drive certain, low-powered, vehicles that resemble cars. We also know that the DGT is looking into allowing qualified drivers to accompany those in training, but this is only a discussion at the moment, and so, for now, the fact remains that this is not allowed.

### Retroperitoneal Sarcoma: A silent cancer that has treatment at Quirónsalud Torrevieja

Dr. Paula Muñoz Muñoz, assistant of the General Surgery, digestive and Oncological  Surgery Service of the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, explains what this disease consists of, what symptoms it presents and the solutions that exist.



What is retroperitoneal sarcoma?

Two groups are divided: bone sarcomas  and soft tissue sarcomas.  

The former originates in the bones; the second, in tissues such as muscles, ligaments, tendons, fatty tissue and blood vessels.

Peritoneal sarcomas are considered soft tissue sarcomas

Specifically, they are a heterogeneous group of tumours whose common characteristics are that they develop from mesenchymal cells (those that derive the supporting tissues of the body, such as fat, muscle or cartilage) and that are located in the retroperitoneum (virtual space delimited in front by the abdominal organs and behind by the spine, and which houses vital structures such as the aorta and kidneys).

Do you have symptoms?

The symptoms of retroperitoneal sarcomas are very nonspecific, since their location develops indolently, until they are usually diagnosed as giant abdominal masses.

The main symptom is the increase in abdominal circumference, although they can also produce specific symptoms such as abdominal or lumbar pain, oedema of the legs, venous thrombosis or even fever and weight loss unexplained by other causes.

What tests are performed to diagnose this tumour?

The test of choice for the diagnosis of retroperitoneal sarcoma is computed tomography (CT) with intravenous contrast. 

 

The CT will be thoraco-abdominal, with the aim of evaluating in the same study that there are no metastases in lung and liver, the most frequent locations. This study can sometimes be supplemented with an MRI.

 

In retroperitoneal sarcoma, and as a rule in all sarcomas of any location, it is essential to perform a biopsy.

 

The information obtained in the biopsy will allow us to plan the most appropriate type of surgical intervention

 

Prognosis of peritoneal sarcoma

 

Retroperitoneal sarcoma is an aggressive and complex disease because it grows around vital structures and is diagnosed in advanced stages.

 

The prognosis will also be influenced by the type of sarcoma.

 

One of the factors that most influence the survival of these patients is  that the first surgery is performed properly.

 

 

What is the key to treatment in sarcoma?

 

Surgery is the only curative treatment in retroperitoneal sarcoma, and it is essential to achieve a favourable evolution, that the surgery is adequate and manages to remove the entire tumour with a margin of healthy tissue. That is why it is recommended that these patients be treated in centres with great specialisation in cancer surgery.

 

The goal of surgery is to remove the entire tumour, without rupturing it, and with a margin of safety.

 

It is an aggressive surgery that can affect the quality of life of patients.  For this reason, the surgeon who performs this intervention must know to have a wide knowledge in oncological surgery and make a preoperative plan personalized to the type of tumour and the type of patient. 

 

What role does intraoperative radiation therapy play in the treatment of sarcoma?

Intraoperative radiation therapy is an intensive radiation therapy treatment given during surgery that allows radiation to be directed to a specific area of the body. It is performed with the patient anesthetized, once the tumour is removed.

The main advantage of this treatment is that it allows a high dose of radiation to be administered to the bed in which the tumour was located, avoiding unnecessary radiation from the uninvolved organs.

 

In Spain, less than 10 hospitals have this technology.  Our hospital was the first to have a device in the operating room, and one of the first Spanish hospitals that began treatment with IORT, and we currently have more than 20 years of experience in this type of radiotherapy.

 

This procedure allows to eliminate possible microscopic tumour residues in order to avoid the relapse of the tumour.

 

Referents in oncological surgery

The Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, and its Surgery service is a benchmark in our region in the treatment of cancer.  The General Surgery Service is integrated into a Multidisciplinary Oncology Unit, which guarantees an optimal and personalized approach to cancer patients.

### How to drive around split roundabouts

Roundabouts in Spain are a constant cause of confusion for many drivers, of all nationalities, including those native to the country, and cause a great deal of concern for drivers unaware that in Spain negotiating a roundabout is very different to that of other countries.

Whereas we have detailed extensively the correct way to drive on roundabouts in Spain, there is further confusion when roundabouts look different, and they are, when we come across the phenomenon known as “split roundabouts”, known in Spanish as “glorietas partidas”.
What is a split roundabout?
The split roundabout is an intersection where there is a circular ring with a one-way flow of traffic that channels all incoming and outgoing movements between the main road and the secondary road, but maintains the continuity of the main road, prioritising continuation on the main road on the rest of the movements. We can reach the split roundabout from two different positions and this position will define how we must do the different manoeuvres.
What does the DGT say about split roundabouts?
Drivers are very used to conventional roundabouts, the famous roundabouts, in which traffic flows in a circular way and in which the passage of the different roads that reach the roundabout is regulated. In this case, normal roundabouts, there is no doubt about the direction of traffic, nor the priority of vehicles.

Split roundabouts are a type of intersection in which two opposing sections are connected by a central island. In this way, and unlike what happens in a conventional roundabout, the main traffic flow passes from one side to the other crossing the islet, and not going around it, which is effectively what we should do to change direction - if allowed - or join the road that crosses.

In order to help us understand split roundabouts, the DGT has provided a useful graphic illustration.

Before we look at the graphic and explain what is going on, it is important to remember that priority is firstly dictated by horizontal or vertical traffic signs as on a normal road, and so, whatever the road signs say, is what we follow in the first instance. These, for example, could be signs saying stop, or give way, or traffic lights.

Understanding that there are no doubts about how we should proceed if we cross a split roundabout, the graph presented to us by the General Directorate of Traffic shows us perfectly how we have to circulate in a split roundabout if we want to change direction, of course, always complying with the right of way that will be regulated with vertical and horizontal signs, Stop, or Give Way, and traffic lights.

Now, let us look at the image provided by the DGT, the text written by the DGT explains that unlike roundabouts, in which the direction of movement is obligatory and circular, split roundabouts have two sections, generally opposite, which are directly connected through a central island, so that traffic passes from one side to the other and does not surround it. If it does not have signage, the general rule of priority on the right applies.


This is how you should turn left:
Starting with the blue car. We can see that if the blue car were to continue in the direction of travel, it would simply continue in a straight line, through the direct road cutting through the junction.

However, we are talking about turning left, and the arrows show us the path that the blue car should take at the split roundabout, and therefore has to follow the circular path, moving first to the right off the main carriageway flow, and following the route through that circle around the junction.

So far, the blue car makes more sense as it is generally following the route we would expect at a conventional roundabout.

Now we have the red car. The first point we have to make is that for the red car to turn left, as indicated by the arrows, it is free to choose the route onto the main carriageway, either turning left and following the main flow, or continuing in the circular path until reaching the main carriageway by a longer route. Again, this is entirely a choice, which can be dictated by things like the free path controlled by traffic lights, for example.

Remember though, as per normal roundabouts, the rule still applies if you follow the circular flow that you must always exit a roundabout from the right-hand lane, unless signs or signals say otherwise.

One important point to note is that when the red car has entered the junction, the blue car would normally have priority, and you must therefore give way to the blue car.

Remember, in all circumstances and, above all, at intersections such as split roundabouts, the most important thing and the best advice that we must follow is to be very attentive to the signage. Because if the roundabout has been signposted correctly, the signposting should be enough for us to fully understand how we have to proceed in each case and, above all, who has priority, to avoid risky situations.
How to drive on split roundabouts
There are two manners of approach when we reach a split roundabout, the first is if we are on the main road, the priority route, which flows through the junction as if it is a normal road, and the other if we are approaching from the secondary route.
Approaching a split roundabout on the main carriageway:
When we arrive at a split roundabout on the main carriageway, if we wish to continue along that carriageway, we simply continue, abiding by any traffic signs at the junction.

We will find the route which looks similar to a roundabout, on our left and right. Using the road to our left is prohibited, as the circular flow is always in an anticlockwise direction.
Turning or changes of direction:
Turn to the right.
It is the simplest manoeuvre, we must always start from the right lane on the main carriageway and stick to it to make the entire turn to the right, putting on the right turn signal with enough time to warn of the manoeuvre.
Indirect turn to the left.
A left turn is completely different. We will have to start by exiting to the right, beginning our journey now as if we are following the course of a conventional roundabout, signalling first to the right that we intend to leave the main carriageway, and once we are turning, we will change the indicator to the left, placing ourselves in the right-hand lane, considering that the first lane is the one that is closest to the island. We then indicate to the right to signal we are about to leave the roundabout.

We must be observant of the road signs and give way to traffic on the main carriageway.
Approaching the split roundabout on the secondary road:
When we approach the split roundabout in such a way that we find half of the island just in front of us and the other half of the island just on the opposite side of the road. In other words, there is no direct route through the centre. We, therefore, mostly, adopt the practices of a conventional roundabout.
Turns or change of direction:
Right turns.
Turning right, again, is the simplest manoeuvre, we must always start from the right lane and stick to it to make the entire turn to the right, keeping the right turn signal throughout the turn.
Left turns.
We have a choice of the route to take through the split roundabout to turn left. We can either turn left directly onto the main carriageway, or follow the flow of the road in a circular manner in the same way we would on a conventional roundabout. We indicate that we intend to turn left. In the latter manoeuvre, we must always exit from the right-hand lane, unless signs tell us otherwise, and signal our intention.

Remember, once again, at all times, to watch carefully for road signs and signals, and respect the rules of priority.

 

### How to apply for a disabled parking permit

People with reduced mobility or visual impairment can apply for a disabled parking badge. With it, you are allowed to park in designated disabled areas, or in green and blue zones, among others.

One problem facing British drivers is that because of Brexit, disabled parking badges issued in the UK are not valid in Spain. Some local authorities will give special dispensation as they clearly identify the need for special treatment, but, as such, in order to facilitate easier parking if you have reduced mobility, you need to apply for a new blue badge in Spain.

The issuing of the disabled parking badge normally falls under the local administrative functions of the town hall in the municipality where you live. Therefore, there may be some local variations to the requirements and procedure, but we will explain the general process.

People who have some type of disability and use the car to get around need mobility and, above all, parking for their car. For that, there is the disabled parking badge (Tarjeta Europea de Estacionamiento). It is a European-standard document that allows people with reduced mobility to park in certain parking spaces reserved for them.

Let us start by explaining what the Spanish Governments says about the disabled parking badge:
What is the Tarjeta Europea de Estacionamiento?
If you suffer from a disability that reduces your mobility, you may be entitled to a “European Parking Card” for people with disabilities in your country of residence.
Card validity
The European parking card for people with reduced mobility issued in any EU Member State is valid in Spain.

The card is personal and non-transferable and can be used whenever its holder drives a vehicle or travels in it (in other words, the card holder does not have to be the driver).

You must place your card in a visible place inside your vehicle (the most obvious location being the windscreen).
Cardholder rights
As long as you travel in a vehicle and carry your European parking card for people with reduced mobility, you can park in reserved spaces, usually marked with a sign or drawing of a wheelchair.

In some locations you can also:

 	park or stop in areas reserved for loading and unloading
 	benefit from discounts in places where a fee has to be paid for parking
 	access restricted traffic areas

You should consult the regulations in the town you are going to to find out which of these cases is applicable.
Limitations on the use of the card and penalties
The European Parking Card does not allow parking in pedestrian zones, crossings, and other places where stopping or parking is prohibited.

Its improper use will be penalised.
How to apply for the disabled parking badge
To request the parking card for people with reduced mobility, go to your town hall, where they will inform you of the requirements, necessary documentation and application form.
Where can I request the blue badge?
It can be requested in any country of the European Union and, therefore, it can be used to park in any state that is part of this body.
We will now explain a couple of those points in more detail:
To apply for the Tarjeta Europea de Estacionamiento in Spain you must go to your local town hall, or through an autonomous body, it all depends on where you live. For example, in Madrid you can request the disabled parking badge at the town hall, but if you live in Andalusia you must request it at the Ministry of Equality and Social Policies. Therefore, you should ask your town hall who is in charge of carrying out this process and they will point you to either the local or regional body to apply.
How to apply for the disabled parking permit, step by step?
Although, as we have said, it depends on where you reside, the procedure is very similar in all cases, with some minor adjustments in some cases.

We will give you the application as an example, in this case staying with the focus on Madrid, but as we say, it is mostly similar everywhere:

You must request an appointment to carry out the procedure in person or, in some cases, it can be done online.

To apply, you must be registered on the appropriate padrón.

You must have official recognition of your disability, which you can obtain through your doctor, and you must have a degree of disability of at least 33%.

In the event that the disability is due to a visual disability, you must present the certificate issued by the ONCE or by an ophthalmologist recognised by this organisation.

You must submit two passport size photographs.

You must fill in the corresponding form.
Requirements to apply for the disabled parking permit
Whoever requests the card must be considered a person with mobility difficulties to use public transport.

Blind or visually impaired persons must prove that they meet one of the following conditions in both eyes:

Visual acuity equal to or less than 0.1 (1/10 on the Wecker scale) obtained with the best possible optical correction.

Visual field decreased to 10 degrees or less.
How does the disabled parking permit work and who can use it?
The card is personal and non-transferable and you can use it whenever the holder drives the vehicle or is in it as a passenger. It is important that you place it in a visible place inside the car, preferably on the front windscreen.

This card entitles its owner to park in spaces reserved for the disabled, which will normally have the image of a wheelchair, the same one that appears on the car itself.

In some circumstances (and please check first to avoid problems), you can also park at:

 	Loading and unloading zones with no time limit.
 	ORA (blue parking) zones without having to pay the corresponding fee.
 	In some cities you will be able to access areas restricted to traffic.

On the contrary, you cannot park in pavements, pedestrian zones, crossings, or in other places where stopping or parking is prohibited (for example, in a ford).

The validity of the card will be specified on it, depending on the age of the holder and the characteristics of the opinion on mobility.

If you want to learn more about the regulation of the blue badge in Spain, it is covered by Royal Decree 1056/2014, of December 12, which regulates the basic conditions for the issuance and use of the parking card for people with disabilities.
What is the fine for improper use or falsification of the disabled card?
Whether you misuse the card or falsify it, both behaviours are punishable by a prison sentence of between 6 months and 3 years, in addition to a financial penalty of 6 and 12 months, as stated in the Penal Code.
More information about the disabled parking permit from the Spanish Governemnt
https://administracion.gob.es/pag_Home/Tu-espacio-europeo/derechos-obligaciones/ciudadanos/vehiculos/tarjeta-aparcar-movilidad-reducida.html
Concusion
Talk to your town hall.

### Spain approves the reciprocal recognition and exchange of driving licences with the United Kingdom

British citizens residing in Spain who failed to exchange their licence will now be able to exchange it for a Spanish licence without a test, and drive on their current licence for a temporary extention period of 6 months. The agreement, embodied in the form of an Exchange of Verbal Notes between the Kingdom of Spain and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, also establishes the exchange of information on traffic offences in terms of road safety.

 

Thanks to the agreement approved on Tuesday by the Spanish Government, holders of a valid driving licence in one of the two States may request the exchange in the country where they have established their residence without the need to take an additional practical or theoretical test.

The Council of Ministers approved the agreement by which Spain and the United Kingdom will proceed to the reciprocal recognition and exchange of driving licences, as well as resolving one of the issues that had prevented progress, the exchange of information on traffic offences in terms of road safety.

This agreement puts an end to the successive extensions applied to the exchange of permits between the two countries that had been applied since the end of the Brexit transitional period provided for in the Withdrawal Agreement of the United Kingdom from the European Union.

From now on, holders of a valid and current driving licence issued by either of the United Kingdom, or Spain, may request the exchange of their equivalent driving licence where they have established their residence, without being subject to any additional requirement of practical or theoretical test and according to the equivalence tables between the categories of permits from both countries.

The agreement establishes that all valid permits or licences of current residents issued prior to its entry into force may be exchanged, while for permits issued after said entry into force it will be an essential requirement to access the exchange that the permits have been issued in the country where the applicant had legal residence.

With this pact, those British citizens residing in Spain who had not exchanged their driving licence before Brexit, nor in the successive extensions granted, will be able to do so as of Thursday, March 16.

To facilitate administrative processing at the provincial traffic headquarters, a period of six months has been granted during which British citizens can drive in Spain with their original permit while they process the exchange. In other words, you must act NOW to exchange your licence, as this new transition period is to allow for delays caused by the backlog. Do not delay this time.

In addition, Spain and the United Kingdom undertake to provide each other with information on the data of the vehicles and their owners for the purpose of investigating traffic offences related to road safety, especially in cases of speeding, not wearing a seat belt, failure to stop at a red light, driving while intoxicated, driving under the influence of drugs, not wearing a crash helmet, driving in a prohibited lane, or illegal use of mobile phones.

### Driving under the influence of drugs is cause for dismissal for passenger transport workers

The Social Chamber of the Supreme Court has handed down a sentence in which it unifies doctrine and establishes that drivers who work in passenger transport by road who drive under the influence of drugs, hallucinogenic substances or narcotics, if it is proven, analytically, is grounds for dismissal from employment, without any other factors having to be involved.

The court considers that this is conduct constituting grounds for disciplinary dismissal subsumable in chapter V, sections c), g) and k) of the Arbitration Award, as well as article 54.2.d) of the Workers' Statute.

The Chamber applies this doctrine to the case examined and declares the dismissal of a bus driver who tested positive for cocaine use in a routine control by the Guardia Civil while traveling the Cuenca-Madrid route in 2020 admissible. After the immobilisation of the vehicle by the agents, two drivers had to travel to the area to finish the service. These events caused delays in the journey for which the 39 passengers who were on the bus claimed compensation, to whom the company returned the amount of the tickets. The driver was fired.

A court in Cuenca considered his dismissal admissible, considering that the facts were very serious, since not only had a labour duty been breached, but also an administrative offence had been committed in road matters. He also understood that this conduct endangered the lives of travellers and those who circulated on public roads, in addition to damaging the company's image.

The Superior Court of Justice of Castilla la Mancha, for its part, ruled that since it had not been proven that driving was influenced by the consumption of toxic substances, regardless of the moral reproach that could be made, that conduct was not enough to justify the dismissal. With these arguments, they agreed with the driver and declared his dismissal inadmissible, condemning the company to choose between the reinstatement of the worker or the payment of compensation of 84,529 euro.

The company filed an appeal before the Supreme Court, the last choice in the legal battle, which ruled that it does consider the dismissal admissible.
Violation of danger, not of result
The Chamber interprets the Arbitration Award issued in 2000, assumed by the collective agreement, which describes punishable behaviours. Specifically, it regulates two situations -exceeding a blood alcohol level and driving under the influence of drugs-, such as the Road Safety regulations, which "do not require additional requirements to the fact in question: neither police presence, nor previous detection of road anomalies, nor protest of transport users, nor chronological proximity of the ingestion, nor reiteration of the behaviour, etc.”

The ruling explains that it is an "infraction of danger, not of result" and that the sectoral norm makes it clear that "exceeding the blood alcohol level, in itself, is what constitutes a breach considered very serious. Not its exteriorisation or subjective perception by third parties".

For the Chamber, driving under the influence of drugs, therefore, does not require that there be evidence to prove this irregular conduct, "in the same way that externally unverified breathalyser is configured, without a doubt, as a punishable situation, being affected for narcotic substances integrates the sanctioning type".

In his judgment, a presentation by magistrate Antonio Sempere, he stated that the purpose of the provision seems clear: to avoid risks and guarantee road safety. Therefore, “the objective data of giving a positive drug test assumes that at the time of driving the worker had that substance in his body with the effects that it could display. In conclusion: the literality of the precept does not require that driving under the influence of certain substances be accompanied by other data; the comparison with the automatism of breathalyser plays in this sense; the preventive purpose does so in the same sense".

The Chamber indicates that this is how it is understood that in the road transport sector the presence of alcoholic substances or narcotics is addressed with a different standard and approach than that of other areas. "The contractual obligations of those who take charge of a self-propelled vehicle and without robotic driving must be, logically and by way of example, different from those of those who carry out a sedentary activity and without risk to third parties."

For the court, both physical integrity and the right to life are compromised by the mere fact of using public land transport, therefore, "their best protection is consistent with the consideration that whoever drives the vehicle is subject to severe demands to get it in proper condition."

It adds that it must also be assessed that the driver's conduct "had a negative impact on the regularity of the service", which is evident, since they had to wait for the drivers to take charge of the bus to arrive and, in addition, it is verified with the customer complaint for the delay.

Likewise, it affirms that "the affectation and link of the imputed conduct with the employment relationship is clear, since it affects the reputation of the employer, ultimately redounding to his detriment. Not because of the refund of the amount of the tickets but, especially, due to the discredit that the news about what happened entails and the eventual distrust that may arise from it".
Trust of travellers in drivers
The sentence underlines the relevance that public transport has in an advanced society and indicates that the expectations of those who use it point to the "necessary confidence" that the people who drive the vehicles "not only have the necessary knowledge, but are also under the right conditions."

He considers that the profession of public transport driver who underwent a routine check for alcohol and drug intake, with a positive result for the consumption of the specified substance, as in the case examined, requires special care when it comes to comply with road safety requirements.

The Chamber clarifies that, beyond the effective impact on their capacities at the time, prior consumption (not denied, the remains of it accredited) does not constitute conduct, as private, intrinsically punishable in the workplace. But he understands that the situation is different when he agrees to carry out his activity as a carrier without prior verification that the substances ingested are no longer present in his body.

Likewise, it points out that the fact that the discovery is made in a routine control does not classify the conduct, but rather obeys the desirable and habitual vigilance that the competent Security Forces must carry out.

### 231 Criminal Behaviour Drivers Reported Across Valencia in February

A total of 231 drivers face the courts across Valencia in February for carrying out actions deemed so serious that they constitute a criminal offence.

It should be noted that the vast majority of traffic offences are dealt with administratively, in so much as they result in a fine, and the loss of points. It is only when the offences are considered particularly severe that they are dealt with by the Penal Code, criminal offences that can result in prison.

Across the Valencia region, 90 drivers were taken to court in February for driving without a permit or licence, 124 for doing so under the excessive influence of alcoholic beverages, 9 for reckless driving, 2 for excessively high speeding, 1 for leaving the scene of the incident, and 5 for driving with drugs in the body.

In the province of Alicante, 28 people were reported for lacking a permit or driving licence, 34 for driving excessively under the influence of alcohol, 3 for reckless driving, 1 for abandoning the scene of the incident and 1 for speeding to such an extent it would be criminal.

In the Valencia province, 46 drivers were prosecuted for lacking a permit or licence, 67 for driving under the excessive influence of alcohol, 6 for reckless driving, 4 for driving with drugs in their bodies and 1 for excessive speeding.

In Castellón, 16 drivers were prosecuted for lacking a permit or licence, 23 drivers for driving under the excessive influence of alcohol and 1 for driving with drugs in their bodies.

 

### If I have an emergency, do I call 112, 091 or 061?

When we have an emergency, reaction time is key, and when it comes to summoning help, knowing who to call is crucial, but it is also important that our message gets across to those who can send help.

But what number should we call? It depends on the situation we find ourselves in, and if we are able to speak Spanish, but when in doubt, always choose 112.

It is also of huge importance that you try to identify your exact location so that help can be sent to you quickly. Remember, when you call for help, you are speaking with a trained professional, but they are located in a call centre, and might not necessarily know things like, “just down the road from the petrol station”, for example. Look for street names and house numbers, large commercial or business centres that have a name. On the roads, look for marker posts that indicate locations. If you have time, you can look at a mapping app on your mobile phone and get precise information.

For those from the UK, there was a story circulating, which sometimes reappears, saying that dialling 999 will summon emergency help. It will NOT. The emergency number across Europe, therefore including Spain, is 112.

 
112: available every day of the year, 24 hours a day
112 is the quintessential emergency number. Calling is completely free, both from a mobile and from a landline, and is available 365 days a year and 24-hours a day. The operators speak numerous languages, including English. This number is intended for emergencies, specifically those that are life threatening. if we suffer or witness an incident, in the event of a fire, if we suffer an attack or robbery or if we need health care, the operators will offer us a solution.

The 112 emergency number also has facilities that other telephones do not have: even if we do not have coverage, our mobile will connect to any operator in our location in order to make the call, so even if our telephone might say we have no service, dial 112 in an emergency and it will do everything it can to form a connection. It is even possible to make this call from a blocked mobile or in which the SIM card has been damaged or is not available.

In addition, this number has a considerable advantage: since 2008 it has been unified as an emergency care number in all member countries of the European Union, so even if an emergency arises in a foreign country, we can also use it.

 
061: Health emergencies
The 061 number is designed to summon help for medical emergencies. This service differs in locations around the country and may not be free for the user. It is not included in the flat rates offered by mobile phone operators in Spain, so the cost of this call will depend on the company operating the contracted service. Similarly, these operators may not speak English. Again, that is a situation which may differ around the country.

This telephone number is intended exclusively for the emergency service and health emergencies, so, although it is also available 24 hours a day, we should only use it whenever we experience a situation of this type. If we need an emergency ambulance, to attend to us or a third person on the street, or if a woman goes into labour unexpectedly, for example, 061 is a good option that will also resolve our doubts when it comes to how to act before the ambulance arrives, as these operators are trained specifically for medical emergencies.

 
091: Police
091 is the citizen service number of the National Police. It is available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, although, as with 061, the price of the call will depend on the conditions imposed by our telephone operator.

This number connects you to the Police directly, so it can be very useful in situations in which any type of crime may have been committed, or is taking place at the time.

The versatility of this service lies in the fact that it is both an action service in case of emergencies and the agents can send us a patrol to resolve, for example, a violent situation or in case we want to file a complaint; but it is also an information service, in which the Police will answer questions or tell us how we should act in complicated cases such as a suicide attempt or gender violence.

In addition to 091, there are other more specific police assistance numbers that can be more useful depending on where we are. Among them we can find 092, which we will use if we want to contact the local police of our municipality, or 062, available to contact the Guardia Civil, which for example is in charge of ensuring security in rural areas or in the roads.

Again though, the operators may not speak English, and so if your need is urgent of life threatening, call 112.

 
016: Care for victims of gender violence
Although it is not an emergency number as such, this state service is free and leaves no trace on the bill. Through it, victims of gender violence can access information, legal advice or immediate psychosocial care through specialised personnel.

Conversations with this number are always confidential, accessible to people with hearing or vision disabilities and it is available in up to 53 languages, so it is the best option if our emergency is related to a case of gender violence or that we believe may qualify as such.

There is also a WhatsApp number, 600 000 016, and a website offering more information about gender violence and your options. If you need to look at the website, you can do so safely, as there is an immediate escape button at the top right which will take you away from the page instantly, if you feel you might need to immediately hide your enquiries.

 
024: Hotline for suicidal behaviour
Since 2022, the Ministry of Health has promoted the creation of this new hotline, which is free, confidential and is also available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. Its recipients are both people with suicidal behaviour or ideation, as well as their relatives. Although the operators may not speak other languages, there is a translation facility built in, so it is accessible to al.

 
Alertcops
There is another option for summoning emergency assistance through your mobile phone, through the app, Alertcops.

It is available on both Android and iOS, and you install it onto your phone, register your personal details, and then hopefully never have the cause to use it, but if you do, there is a facility to call for immediate help, and also add supplementary information such as photographs.

You can find more information about Alertcops, with direct links to the relevant app stores, from the official page by the Spanish Government. This app is also available in English.

 

There are a few more numbers you might want to add to your phone book, which you can find on the Emergency Numbers button on the top menu of the n332.es website, but remember, even with all of this information, if you need help in an emergency, call 112.

### You are invited to an N332 talk on Thursday in Torrevieja

On Thursday 16 March, N332 will be in Torrevieja giving a talk to which everyone is invited.

We will primarily be explaining the latest changes to Spanish Trafic Law, some which entered into force last year, others which will happen this year, as well as changes which are in process, such as the implementation of Low Emmission Zones (ZBE), how to access your vehicle and driving licence information on your mobile, and what is happening now and in the future with personal mobility vehicles, such as electric scooters, as well as other topics.

We will be joined by experst from Car Registrations Spain, who will be able to answer any questions you might have about vehicle imports or registrations.

Plus, the Councillor for International Residents in Torrevieja Town Hall, Gitte Lund Thomson, will also be present, explaining how the town hall is also on hand to help, and answering any questions you might have about the situation in Torrevieja.

The event will start at 4:00 p.m., and will be in Domino Bar near Punta Prima. You can view the exact location on Google Maps by clicking here.

At the end of the talk we will all be on hand to answer your questions about driving in Spain, or any other doubts you have about traffic law.

Thursday 16 March 2023, 4:00 p.m., Domino Bar, Torrevieja.

### Intensive control of seat belts and child restraints this week

Surveillance will be carried out on all types of roads and all the means available to the General Directorate of Traffic will be used (helicopters, drones or automated control cameras). In 2022, 142 people traveling in cars and vans who were not wearing seat belts at the time of the incident died on interurban roads. A report from the National Observatory for Road Safety reflects that there are significant differences in the use of these devices based on gender, age or location within the vehicle, among other factors. Child restraint systems are mandatory for minors with a height equal to or less than 135 cm, being recommended up to 150 cm.

 
In Spain it is mandatory that minors with a height equal to or less than 135 cm correctly use the child restraint system appropriate to their size and weight, being recommended up to 150 cm
 

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) plans to develop this week, until Sunday the 12th, a new surveillance and control campaign focused on the use of seat belts and child restraint systems.

The fundamental objective is that all the occupants of the vehicles, adults or minors and travel in the seat they travel, make use of the seat belt or the appropriate child restraint system (CRS). To do this, the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil and those of the regional and local police who join the campaign, will increase the vigilance of these security devices on all types of roads.

Surveillance of its use from the air will also be intensified, with the helicopters and drones available to the DGT, as well as with the automated control that is carried out through the 245 cameras placed both on conventional roads and on roads high occupancy.

The campaign joins the campaign organised by RoadPol (European Road Surveillance Network) which, within the European Union, wants to influence the basic importance of these restraint systems.
DATA THAT SPEAKS FOR THEMSELVES
Despite the fact that the data shows that the seat belt is the device that has saved and saves the most lives on the road, since its effectiveness halves the risk of death in the event of an incident, even today 25% of those killed in road traffic incidents still do not use it. In fact, in 2022, 142 people traveling in cars and vans who were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident died on interurban roads. The Traffic and Road Safety Law penalises not wearing a seat belt with the loss of 4 points, the same ones that are deducted for not using the appropriate child restraint system or not doing it correctly.

 
SEAT BELT USE REPORT
The National Road Safety Observatory recently prepared a report entitled "Use of seat belts in passenger cars on interurban roads 2017-2019" presenting an analysis of the variables involved in the use of seat belts in passenger cars. 12 years of age or older who were killed or injured hospitalised within 30 days in traffic incidents that occurred on this type of road and in those three specific years.

The study aims to find out if the variables analysed are statistically independent or not, and interesting conclusions can be drawn from it. For example, the report shows that there is a dependency between seat belt use and gender (men use it in a significantly lower percentage than women), age (the older, the more they use of this device) or the location of the vehicle passengers (greater use of front seats), among others, while other factors such as the type of occupant or the month in which the incident occurred did not show significant differences.
IMPORTANCE OF USING THE RIGHT CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS
For children, the use of child restraint systems is even more important as data shows that nine out of ten serious or fatal child injuries would have been prevented if mandatory restraint systems had been used and that, in the event of an incident, injuries are reduced by up to 75% with proper use of them.

Minors must be seated in the rear seats, except when the vehicle does not have them, they are already occupied by other minors or it is not possible to install all child restraint systems in them, and it is recommended that they travel in the opposite direction to travel, if possible, up to 4 years, and obligatorily up to 15 months.

### DGT Traffic Helicopter Crashes Near Madrid

A DGT traffic helicopter, equipped with the Pegasus radar and road monitoring equipment, crashed on Sunday afternoon near Madrid.

The aircraft, registration EC-JMK, an Aerospatiale AS 355N Twin Ecureuil, manufactured by Eurocopter and which first flew in 2005, and has an Arrius-1A engine, crashed in the Robledo de Chavela area of Madrid.

The crash occurred just after 1:00 p.m., whilst the pilot was trying to make an emergency landing, for reasons which are not yet clear.

Although those onboard, the pilot and an official of the DGT, are reported injured, the incident did not result in a loss of life, according to the Guardia Civil.

Emergency services were quick to attend and rescue the occupants of the aircraft. An investigation will now be launched to ascertain the circumstances which led to the crash.

### Brussels plans Europe-wide Clampdown on Offending Drivers

During 2019, 40% of traffic offences committed throughout the European Union went unpunished, either because the offender was not identified or because payment was not made. Thus, the European Commission is planning to end this situation of impunity, so that all drivers who commit serious offences on the roads are identified and pay.

This week, a battery of legislative proposals were presented in the European Commission to modernise the rules on driving licences, improve road safety and enforce the objective of zero deaths on the roads of the EU by 2050, the so-called “road to zero”.

To achieve these goals, one of the measures presented was that the withdrawal of the driving licence would become effective in all EU countries.

Taking into account the applications of the current jurisdiction, the withdrawal of the driving licence for extremely serious behaviour is only effective in the case that the offence was committed in the member state that issued the licence. Therefore, the Brussels approach makes it possible to request the withdrawal of the card from the issuing country in the case of these breaches.

In addition, the proposals suggest an accompanied driving system for 17-year-olds, and the creation of a digital permit valid throughout Europe.

The Commission's plan proposes that 17-year-olds can get a driver's licence for cars and trucks, although they will have to drive accompanied until they are 18 years old. The community executive qualifies this measure successfully in the cases of Austria and Germany with B permits, since it allows young people to gain experience behind the wheel with the supervision of an adult. Although many UK drivers will remember driving a vehicle with a provisional licence, accompanied by a full licence holder, this is not normal practice across Europe, and is not permitted in Spain, where learner drivers may only be accompanied by a qualified instructor.

On the other hand, Brussels proposes the introduction of a digital licence valid in all EU countries to facilitate the recognition of driving licences among member states. Thus, "it will be much easier to replace, renew or exchange a driving licence, since all the procedures will be done online," they say.

### Guardia Civil investigates two drivers for recording themselves at more than 200 km/h

The Guardia Civil has investigated two people for driving at excessive speeds above 200 kilometres per hour, recording themselves while driving and posting it on social networks. Both investigated exceeded the speed established on interurban roads by more than 80 km/h, committing a crime against road safety.

On the other hand, in the province of Valladolid, the Guardia Civil detected a vehicle on the A62 that was driving without a right front wheel and without a right rear tyre, repeatedly colliding with the metallic side protection fence.
On a motorcycle at 257 km/h
In this case, the driver posted a video on social networks showing a large displacement motorcycle with the legend "life is short." Later, in another first-person shot, you can see how he accelerates from 251 to 257 kilometres per hour, with the phrase "buy a motorcycle and make it even shorter." The offender was traveling on the M-45 highway at the height of the municipality of San Fernando in an area where the maximum speed is limited to 120 kilometres per hour.

After analysing the video, the Guardia Civil agents of the Madrid Traffic Sector managed to identify the driver of the vehicle, a 23-year-old man from Torrejón de Ardoz.


At 209 km/h in a section of 80
The other driver, a 19-year-old man, travelled at 209 kilometres per hour at night on a section of the M-14 highway, within the municipality of Madrid, which has a specific maximum permitted speed limitation of 80 km/h. In addition to driving at this speed, endangering other road users, the offender did so while holding a mobile phone with one of his hands, with which he recorded driving and the speedometer itself, where the change can be seen from the 157 up to 209 km/h.

Both behaviours constitute a crime against road safety, typified in article 379 of the Criminal Code, which stipulates that "(...) whoever drives a motor vehicle or a moped at a speed greater than 80 km/h on interurban roads than the allowed by regulation (...), it can be punished with imprisonment from 3 to 6 months, or with a fine from 6 to 12 months or with work for the benefit of the community from 31 to 90 days and in any case, with the deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for a period of more than one and up to 4 years”.


33 kilometres without wheels under the influence of alcohol and drugs
In Valladolid, the Guardia Civil has arrested a 49-year-old man, for the alleged crimes of reckless driving, driving under the influence of alcoholic beverages and/or drugs (symptoms), refusal to submit to alcohol and drug detection tests and attacking an Agent of the Authority.

In the early morning of February 19, 2023, when a patrol of the ARS of the Guardia Civil of León was providing its services in the province of Valladolid, it detected on the A-62 highway at km 126 in the direction of Burgos, a car lurching, without the right front wheel and without the right rear tyre, repeatedly colliding with the metal side protection fence and creating a serious risk to himself, as well as to other road users.

With the support of several patrols from the Valladolid Guardia Civil Traffic Group, they intercepted the vehicle and escorted it until it was stopped.

Once the vehicle has stopped, the driver of the vehicle is identified, finding him motionless and wearing sunglasses. Not being able to open the door and given the possibility that the driver had suffered a health problem, the officers broke the window to gain access to assist the driver, at which point the driver reacts hostilely towards the agents, refusing to get out of the vehicle and assaulting one of the officers by kicking and punching, for which he is reduced and arrested.

Given the indications that he might be under the influence of alcohol, drugs or narcotics, and refusing to carry out the legally established detection tests, he went to police stations. During the transfer, he caused damage to the official vehicle, as well as self-harm, for which the presence of health personnel was requested to administer the appropriate treatment, and he was transferred to the Río Carrión Hospital in the town of Palencia.

### The Latest Driving Licence Update for Older Drivers

Renewing our driving licence is something we must all do, and whereas we don’t have to carry out a test, there is a medical that is required to ensure that we are fit enough to drive, or if any restrictions should be implemented do our a medical condition, and that fact is the case whatever our age, the only difference being the older we get, the more frequently we must be checked, and it is that part which is changing for older drivers.

The DGT has persistently stated that mobility is important, whatever our age, and so they have no intention to withdraw that luxury, but driving has to be done in the safest way possible.

At the moment, we are all obliged to carry out the psychotechnical examination every 10 years until the age of 65, at which time we must begin to renew it every 5 years. Both those timeframes can be reduced if the doctor feels it necessary.

However, from now on, people who are over 70 years old, they will see an increase in the frequency with which they must renew this permit with the aim of "ensuring that the ability to drive remains intact". Therefore, those over 65 must renew their driver's licence every 5 years and, from the age of 70, every two years. Although, like now, it is at the discretion of those responsible for carrying out the psychotechnical test, who can force an annual examination, if appropriate.

According to Pere Navarro, General Director of Traffic, "now from the age of 65 you renew for five years. But extending the card to someone who is 90 seems strange. Therefore, those people who are over 65 and wish to renew their driving licence will have to provide an official application form, the DNI, an updated photograph and a psychophysical aptitude report.

A change that is supported by the deputy director of Road Education and Training, María José Aparicio, who affirms that although those over 65 only represent 10% of drivers, one in three fatalities in traffic incidents in the European Union are in this age group. Likewise, in the case of Spain, the percentage rises to 28%.

There are other reports which suggest that younger drivers pose a higher risk on the road, in particular those under 25, but this change is offered as a means of protection for older drivers, who, whether we like it or not, suffer from decline in our health at a much faster rate, hence the need to be checked by a doctor who can confirm that we are still very capable, and can therefore continue to drive, or not, as the case might be.

 

### Is cancer inherited?

What type of cancer is hereditary? What are the probabilities of getting cancer? From Quirónsalud Torrevieja they clear up our doubts about cancer.

Cancers are predominantly genetic diseases, mostly due to the accumulation of mutations, which are also influenced by environmental and other factors, which in some cases may be the triggers.

A small proportion of these tumours are hereditary. “Hereditary cancers are the consequence of germline mutations in specific genes that increase susceptibility to cancer,” explains Dr. Ramón González Manzano, oncologist at the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Platform.

“This susceptibility is transmitted between family members according to different inheritance patterns. Susceptibility to cancer is inherited, which does not imply the certainty of developing it in all cases,” explains Dr. González.

 
Hereditary cancer
The predisposition to inherit cancer is due to the presence of mutations or other genetic alterations that alter the function of a gene that is critical for the regulation of biological processes related to the onset, development or progression of some types of cancer.

“The mutation can be inherited from parents or new-onset in a subject. Cancers of hereditary origin account for around 5% of all cancers that are diagnosed,” says Dr González.

 
What type of cancer is hereditary?
More than 160 genes related to hereditary predisposition to cancer are known.

When a genetic defect (i.e. pathological mutation) of one of these genes is inherited, the carrier of the altered gene has an increased risk of developing cancer, which is higher or lower depending on the gene in question.

Each of these genes related to hereditary predisposition to cancer can lead to one or more specific types of cancer in the carrier. For example, women with a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene may develop breast cancer at a younger age (usually before the age of 50) than breast cancers occurring in the general population. But other patients may develop ovarian cancer instead of breast cancer, or even both types of tumour in the same patient.

 
Chances of getting cancer
According to Dr González, this is one of the questions frequently asked by patients diagnosed with any type of tumour: Will my relative have the same type of cancer as me? The answer is that “it depends on the inheritance pattern of the hereditary predisposition gene under consideration”.

The most common inheritance patterns are as follows. The most common is autosomal dominant. In the case of autosomal dominant inheritance (as is the case with BRCA1 or BRCA2), there is a 50% chance that a parent carrying a pathological mutation in one of these genes will pass it on to their offspring.

Other genes, such as those causing the rare disease “xeroderma pigmentosum”, which is characterised by an extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight that is associated with the development of skin cancers, follow an autosomal recessive inheritance, and in this case the probability is 25%, generally requiring both parents to be carriers. Furthermore, in these cases, half of the offspring are likely to be carriers of the genetic alteration even if they do not suffer from the disease.

It should be borne in mind that not all patients with a pathological mutation in genes with a hereditary predisposition to cancer develop it.

 
When should a hereditary cancer syndrome be suspected?
According to the expert, there are some warning signs that should alert us to the possible presence of a genetic alteration in genes with a hereditary predisposition to cancer:

– The appearance of tumours at a very early age.
– Presence of bilateral tumours in the case of double organs (e.g. breasts, kidneys, etc.) or several synchronous tumours.
– Presence of multiple cases of cancer in a family.

In these eventualities, a specialist in cancer genetics should be consulted, who will indicate the relevant genetic tests to detect the genetic alterations that cause a hereditary predisposition to cancer.
How do you know if you have a mutation in any of the hereditary cancer predisposition genes?
The diagnosis is mostly indicated in the person affected by cancer by means of a genetic test.

 
How is a genetic test carried out?
This type of study simply requires a blood or buccal mucosa sample.

From these samples, DNA is extracted for sequencing. The most common technique currently used for genetic studies of DNA sequence is next-generation sequencing using ultra-sequencing, a technique that allows simultaneous sequencing of multiple genes.

The current trend is to use multi-gene panels, confirming the presence of any positive findings with conventional DNA sequencing.

### DGT Procedures at the Post Office

Historically, in Spain, when carrying out administrative functions such as those related to driver or vehicle licences, they could only be done in the offices of the DGT, which are few and far between, were always busy, and were a bit of a nightmare for anyone who had to attend.

A telephone service was introduced, then an online virtual office, now the MiDGT app, but many of us still like the face-to-face contact, but would rather not have the hassle and inconvenience of visiting the Trafico offices, which is precisely why the DGT formed a collaboration agreement with Correos, so a number of procedures can be carried out at the post office.

We have spoken a lot about eco stickers, and this is perhaps the most obvious collaborative element with Correos, as the eco stickers are available from the post office, subject to availability of course.

If you have lost or damaged the vehicle’s logbook, Permiso de Circulación, you can obtain a replacement from the post office. You can obtain the necessary documentation from the DGT website, complete it, and take it to the post office, along with the fee, and they will submit the application for you, registering where you want the new logbook to be sent, and issuing you with a temporary permit.

If you are considering buying a car second-hand, we always advise that you obtain a vehicle report first. Two different reports are available, a basic one, and one that is more in-depth, which is the one we recommend. They can be obtained from the DGT website, but you can also get these at the post office, where they will issue the report on the spot.

On the same subject, the notice of sale of a vehicle can also be done at the post office. This procedure offers a secure way of ensuring that any subsequent fines after the sale are directed to the new owner, for example.

The change of ownership of a vehicle or moped can also be done through Correos, without having to go to the Provincial Traffic Office. There are other fees which must be paid before this process is started at the post office, namely the Impuesto de Transmisiones Patrimoniales (IPT), a property transfer tax associated with a vehicle sale.

As well as the procedures being available online via the DGT’s virtual office, Correos also offers the ability to carry out these DGT procedures via their website, correos.es. Depending on the process you will be following, there will be a need to upload certain documents, and pay the corresponding fees online.



 

### DGT confirms new driving licence for 16-year-olds

The DGT has confirmed that there will be a new driving licences in Spain, the B driving licence, that will arrive in 2024 and be for 16-year-olds. Those whose qualify for the new B1 licence will be able to use quadricycles and tricycles weighing up to 400 kg on public roads at a maximum speed of 90 km/h.

The category B licence is the normal qualification for car drivers, BE if it includes towing a trailer (there are other conditions attached to this), whereas the new B1 driver's license will be a step prior to obtaining the B permit.

In Spain, it is an essential requirement to be of legal age to drive a motor vehicle, unless it is a moped. In other words, only those who have reached the age of 18 will be able to pass the practical part of the driving test (the theoretical part can be started six months after turning 18).

Driving with minors accompanied by an adult is also not allowed, as is the case in other countries such as the United States. In fact, allowing an unlicensed driver to be in control of a vehicle, even when accompanied, is not permitted. In the UK, for example, it is common practice for novice drivers to practice with an adult before taking their test. This is not allowed in Spain, only qualified driving instructors are allowed to accompany unlicensed drivers in this way.

Although we still have to wait a little longer for the full details of how this new category of driving licence in Spain will be implemented, with this confirmation, it opens up a new world of mobility for younger people in particular.

The B1 permit already exists in other European countries such as Portugal, Italy, France and the United Kingdom. When it becomes a reality in Spain, it will allow motor quadricycles to be driven with a maximum speed of more than 45 km/h, this category of vehicles (classified as L7e) includes some which are sometimes referred to as so-called microcars, although that description is incorrect, such as the Citroën AMI and the XEV Yoyo, which currently require a B permit.





L7e vehicles are mostly electric heavy-duty quadricycles. Although they look similar, they are not microcars, but have features similar to a conventional vehicle and their price can be around 15,000 euro (there is also a Government-funded subsidy plan available to contribute to the cost). They have a maximum weight of up to 400 kg, not including the battery, they cannot exceed 15 kW (20 CV) of power or exceed a maximum speed of 90 km/h. They are also vehicles with fewer components as they are electric and, since they do not make long journeys and are confined to urban spaces or residential areas, their maintenance is minimal.

In an interview, the general director of Traffic, Pere Navarro, has confirmed that it will be in 2024 when the B1 permit enters into force in Spain. "It will be after the closure of the new European driving licence directive in Brussels, but it will already be in 2024," said Navarro.

Experts coincide in pointing out the convenience of the B1 permit that will allow electric mobility to be promoted because most of the quadricycles for sale are zero emissions. To this, Pere Navarro added at the time that those classified as L7 are a very suitable means of transport for rural areas where journeys are usually short.

Like any other driving licence, it will not be mandatory, but it is seen as a steppingstone that can have long-term benefits such as an improvement in road safety for those who do qualify.

For minors, driving an L7e category vehicle can serve as preparation before getting behind the wheel of a more powerful car. In addition, they are safer than motorcycles, bikes or scooters because they have a bodywork and more security systems.

In this sense, it is also important to remember that the Traffic and Road Safety Law establishes zero alcohol tolerance for minors, so that once the new licence is created, those who obtain it who are under 18 will not be able to consume even a sip of alcohol.

Thanks to this, young drivers will be able to use quadricycles and tricycles weighing up to 400 kg on public roads at a maximum speed of 90 km/h.

### Common Questions about the European Accident Report Form

We have been talking a lot about the European Accident Report Form, or “parte amistoso”, a so-called “friendly” report that should be completed in the event of an incident without injuries on the road. Now, we are going to answer the most common questions about the European Accident Report Form.

Remember, the form should be used in the event of an incident with material damage. It is not valid in the case of incidents with injuries, and the Guardia Civil or Police must complete the report in that case.

What happens if a report is filled out but there has been no incident?

Although it is a private document, it has probative value, since it reflects the circumstances in situ, so what is expressed in it must be considered true, as long as the contrary is not proven. When used to pretend the existence of an incident that did not happen, fraud is committed, a crime that can be prosecuted civilly and even criminally in serious cases.

Can the accident report form be used if the incident has caused injuries?

As we have mentioned, in those cases of traffic incidents with injuries or victims, the report cannot be used, whose application is intended for incidents that only leave material damage to the vehicles involved. If there are injuries, it is necessary to call the respective authority so that they can file the certificate of the incident.

Are there any disadvantages or risks when signing the form?

This document signed by the drivers involved in the incident can be subject to different assessments regarding its authenticity and validity. As it is usually filled out at the time of the incident, it may reflect the inexperience or nerves of the signatories, so it could contain errors or inaccuracies that later affect the claim.

In this sense, it is good to take into account that those involved are not obliged to deliver the document to the insurer immediately, since they have a maximum period of seven days to report the incident to the respective company. This period can be used in favour of drivers to calmly review the content and verify all the data carefully, without affecting the moment.

Should you sign the document, even if you do not agree with all of its content?

It is in no way advisable to sign this document if you do not agree with its content, since the purpose of this instrument is precisely to record the agreement of the parties regarding the circumstances and data of the incident. If any of the drivers signs it despite disagreeing with something placed on the form, it will make it more difficult for them to claim later. If an agreement is not reached, it is necessary to locate the authorities so that an incident report can be drawn up, in which they will indicate the circumstances of the event.

The form cannot be altered once it is signed by both parties.

Why is it advisable to take pictures of the incident?

Even when a form is agreed and signed, photographs are a good support to document the circumstances of the incident and record the details of the damage to the vehicles, their position at the scene, and other aspects of the incident.

What should be done after filling out the form?

Within a period of seven days after the incident, the report must be delivered to the insurance company to meet the requirement of declaring the incident before it, and start the respective processes for compensation.

Subsequently, the insurers will be in charge of the incident valuation, as well as the appraisal of the damages in the vehicles. Subsequently, they will determine the responsibility of the facts, as well as the compensation to which there would be place.

### Changing address of your driving licence

Every fine related to driving is avoidable, simply by complying with the law. This is a reality that is directly proportional to the degree of compliance with the precepts established by the Traffic and Road Safety Law. However, it is not only when driving we can face sanctions, we can also be fined for administrative errors on our part, although, again, these too can be avoided.

As an example of this, is notifying the authorities of a change of address. If you have moved house, you will no doubt have a list of entities that must be notified, banks, Amazon, the utility companies, but we must not neglect the DGT in this case, as it is crucial we notify them of a change of address that affects us both as drivers, in the case of our licence, and vehicle keepers.

The reason is obvious, to prevent failed sending of important notifications related to our vehicle or our way of driving. In this way, any change in personal data that compromises the proper functioning of the postal delivery service must also be sent to the DGT as soon as possible, which in this case is 15 days that follow the domiciliary or personal change (as included in the General Regulations for Drivers).

Not doing so will result in a fine of up to 80 euro, and can cause all kinds of problems for you if you are notified of a fine at your previous address but cannot access it.

In order to notify the DGT of a change of address, you have three basic options, and it is free, although you can get an authorised person to do it on your behalf, which may well incur costs. This may be the best option if you struggle with Spanish.

The first is by telephone, by dialling 060, which will initiate a conversation with a teleoperator with access to the database of the National Institute of Statistics (INE) in order to check the inclusion of the new address in the register.

The other is face-to-face, either through the Provincial Traffic Headquarters of the nearest environment -always by appointment- or through the Town Halls, but this is not an option at all town halls, so you will need to check first.

The last one option, which has fast become the most popular, is through electronic means. You will need an official virtual accreditation such as cl@ve, digital certificate or an electronic DNI reader, the procedure can be carried out through the Electronic Traffic Office, Sede Electrónica de Tráfico, which you can visit at https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/, or the General State Administration.

Another electronic option is through the MiDGT app, except in some cases such as moving from the islands to the mainland, and again you will need an authorised identity to obtain access to the app.

In any of the cases it will be necessary to present the official form duly completed, the permit or driver's licence and the certificate of registration.

Changing your address will not require the reissuing of your driving licence, it is entirely an administrative process.

Remember though, as we have said, you have to complete this process within 15 days.

### Dealing with an Incident on the Road with the Accident Report Form

Although a traffic incident can never be a pleasant event, the nerves and initial tension between those involved can be reduced if the event is discussed cordially, and the European Accident Report Form, “parte amistoso”, which we have spoken about recently, is a “friendly” report used as an instrument to specify the circumstances related to the incident.

The appropriate use of the report means that most traffic incidents can be resolved amicably, based on these documents being signed by the drivers involved, and without the need for the police to be involved, in most cases.

Firstly, among other advantages of using the “parte amistoso” are:

It reduces confrontations between drivers of vehicles involved in a traffic incident.

It collects on the site and quickly all the data related to the incident, in a way that allows or facilitates adjudication of the responsibility of the fact in a simple way.

It provides insurers with the same version of events from both parties.

It accelerates the determination of damages, with the agreement of those affected.

It streamlines the processing of compensation for damage caused in traffic incidents.

It seeks the prompt repair of damages by way of compensation between companies.

In the event of an incident, it is also important we know how to act:

When involved in a traffic incident, the first thing to do is verify the conditions of the occupants of the vehicles and verify that there are no injuries. It is also important to warn other road users of the incident, using warning triangles or flashing beacons, and try, as far as possible, to leave the road clear for the movement of other vehicles.

Once calm has been restored after the incident, drivers should try to discuss cordially about the circumstances of the event and agree on the process they prefer to follow according to them.

If it is appropriate to complete the accident form, you should try to fill it out in clear and legible handwriting, using block letters and capital letters. In addition, all the data required by the format must be included, as well as trying to be as specific and clear as possible with the information, limiting to faithfully describing the facts.

What should be included in the accident report?

When filling out the form, after writing the date of the incident, the most exact location of the incident must be recorded, indicating if the approximate kilometre on the road network, or if it is in the city, specify the address with the street name and number.

Include the complete data of the drivers, vehicles and insurance companies. This is why it is important, but not mandatory, to have your insurance information to hand. Subsequently, it must be indicated if there are victims, although if they exist, the declaration would lose validity, since the document is not applicable if there are injuries. It must also indicate if there is damage to the vehicles and declare them in detail.

In the form it is essential to include the contact information of any witnesses, including name, address and telephone number, in order to locate them if it is necessary to clarify doubts during the procedures.

In the section entitled Circumstances, located in the central column, a good part of the possibilities that can arise in a traffic incident are reflected. It contains 17 situations, which it is recommended to review carefully to ensure that the correct boxes are checked, since it will be the information that the companies use as a basis to determine the responsibility of the incident.

In case of doubts or if none of the boxes can describe the circumstance, it is recommended not to fill in the boxes, and explain in detail in Observations how the incident occurred.

Lastly, it is recommended to try to be as graphic and schematic as possible when preparing the sketch of the incident in the space provided for it, using arrows to indicate the direction of travel, junctions, signs, and any other information that might be relevant.

Once the form is completed, each party must sign the document, making sure that each of them keeps a copy to be able to do their paperwork with the respective insurance company.

Remember, the form is available in multiple languages, and can be obtained, for free, from your insurance company.

### Medical check-ups: The tests you should have according to your age

When is it advisable to start checking our health? What are the essential tests? Quirónsalud Torrevieja can answer all of our questions about medical check-ups.

 

 

We all know how important it is to be aware of our health, but sometimes it is difficult to find the time or motivation to make an appointment and have a medical check-up. The day to day is full of things to attend to and it can be easy to forget the importance of making sure that everything works properly in our body, especially if we feel good.

From the early detection of serious diseases to the slightest change in our body, regular medical check-ups are vitally important, as they help us stay healthy and alert us to any potential problems to tackle them in time. In this article, we will explore with Quirónsalud Torrevieja the importance of medical check-ups, when it is necessary to have a check-up and why it is essential not to forget them for our well-being.
Why Get an Annual Check-up
 

As indicated by Quirónsalud Torrevieja, thanks to medical examinations we can make a general assessment of our state of health and detect diseases early, even before symptoms that make us feel bad appear.

If what we want is a general check-up, the specialties we must choose are Family Medicine or Internal Medicine.  However, there are also more specific check-ups such as gynaecological, urological, sports ...  and each one is the competence of a specific specialty.

"The tests depend on each patient. We must take into account, not only age and sex, but also family and personal history that can increase in some cases the probability of suffering from some diseases, "says Dr. Gemma Ramón, responsible for Medical Check-ups at Quirónsalud Torrevieja.
What diseases do medical check-ups help detect?
 

"Check-ups are very useful, for example, to detect diseases that increase cardiovascular risk (high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus...). These diseases in their beginnings are usually asymptomatic and increase the likelihood that we have heart problems, thrombosis ... They are also useful in some types  of cancer that can be detected early, considerably increasing the chances of treatment with a good prognosis," says Gemma Ramón.
At what age should you start check-ups?
 

"It's advisable at any age.  Just as during childhood periodic reviews are carried out, it must also be done during adulthood.  What changes, depending on age, are the physical exams and complementary tests recommended," explains Dr. Ramon.
What are the essential early detection tests according to our age?
 

- In the case of women, gynaecological check-ups are essential:

 	On the one hand, the realisation of a cytology that helps us detect possible malignant cells in the cervix. This test must be done from the age of 25 or three years after starting sexual intercourse.
 	On the other hand, it is necessary to monitor the breasts, performing self-examinations from the age of 20 and with complementary tests:  ultrasound from the age of 30 and mammography from the age of 40.

 

- In the case of men, an assessment of the prostate must be made from the age of 45, at least, with a blood determination of PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen)

- In addition, in both sexes it is convenient to perform screening (screening) of colon cancer from the age of 45 with a faecal occult blood study.

And from the age of 50?
 

According to experts, from the age of 50 a check-up should consist of complete blood and urine tests, faecal occult blood tests, basic imaging tests (chest x-ray, abdominal ultrasound) and electrocardiogram (this for both sexes).

In addition, as we have advanced in the previous point, in men a PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) and urological ultrasound will be necessary, and in women cytology, gynaecological ultrasound, mammography and breast ultrasound.
There are more diagnostic tests such as MRIs, CT scans ... What information do they provide and how do they help rule out certain diseases?
 

From Quirónsalud they detail that there are medical tests that are specifically requested when we have a specific suspicion because they help us to have more information about the area we want to study.  For example, MRI tests or computed tomography (CT) scans can provide a wealth of information about our bodies, allowing doctors to more accurately diagnose and rule out certain diseases.

These tests provide detailed images of organs, bones, muscles, and other tissues, helping to detect any abnormalities that may indicate a potential condition.  By using these tests, doctors can rule out or confirm certain suspicions and determine the best treatment for the patient. 

 

### Completing an Accident Report Form

The European Accident Report Form, or “parte amistoso”, la Declaración Amistosa de Accidente (DAA) in Spanish, is a form you can obtain from your insurance company, and should be completed in the event of a collision on the road.

One of the key benefits of this form is that it is a European recognised document, available in multiple languages, but it set out exactly the same in each, so drivers of different languages can compare and complete the form.

The idea of the form is to make it easier to explain and determine how an incident occurred and to resolve the culpability. It is only valid when there are two or more vehicles involved, something that happens in 85% of incidents.

In addition, it is the document that best informs the insurance company of what happened. Therefore, it is very important to fill out the accident report correctly.

Here are some tips for filling out the accident report form:

1) If another driver involved in the incident does not agree to complete the report, and/or if there are injuries, if alcohol is suspected of being involved, or if a driver does not have a licence or insurance, we must call the police.

Additionally, in the case of being injured, do not forget to apply the so-called PAS behaviour: Protect, Warn and Help.

2) Write in UPPERCASE to facilitate understanding.

3) Fill in all the fields without skimping on information.

4) Draw the sketch in the central space and try to reproduce what happened well. For example, arrows indicating the direction of each vehicle, marking the area of ​​the vehicle where the damage occurred, etc.

5) If in the "circumstances" section none of the 17 matches what happened, explain how it happened in the "observations" section.

6) If you have suffered injuries as a result of the incident, state it in the observations section.

7) Take photographs that can help to understand how the incident happened.

8) You have 7 days to deliver the report to the company.

9) Once the form has been signed, by both parties, nothing can be added to it, so take your time when filling in the part.

10) Give a copy of the form to the other driver and keep one for yourself. Of course, you can complete more than one form, one for each driver, but each form is carbonated and creates two copies automatically.

Remember, the form can be used in case of incidents that cause only material damage, by drivers whose vehicles have at least the mandatory civil liability insurance. In addition, in order to apply it, the damage to the vehicles must have been caused by a direct collision, that is, it cannot be used in cases of multiple collisions or more than one vehicle.

The report cannot be used either in incidents with victims or injuries. In these cases, it is necessary to resort to the authorities (Guardia Civil or Police) to report the incident.

### Dealing with Snow

Despite seemingly long, hot summers, just like any other country, Spain can get a covering in snow during winter, and over the last couple of weeks or so, we have seen wintery conditions in various parts of the country.

If there is a risk that you will be driving in snow, you really need to consider purchasing snow chains for your vehicle.

Carrying snow chains is not a mandatory requirement, but in some areas, where snow packs the road, it becomes compulsory to use them, and so having them ready is advisable.

The Guardia Civil, police or other authorities responsible for the road can impose a restriction without warning, placing signs on the roads indicating that the use of snow chains compulsory, and if you don´t have them with you, you have just one option, to wait until the road has been cleared by a snowplough or naturally, wait until the restriction is lifted, or turn back, if that route remains open.

Failure to adhere to the mandatory use is not only extremely dangerous, you risk a fine. If you see the “cadenas obligatorias”, or variant thereof, you must stop driving if you don´t have snow chains on your vehicle.

It might also be wise to take additional equipment with you, such as warm blankets, emergency food and drink, and always advise somebody of your journey and route, as mobile phone signals are not always as reliable as we might hope.

If you do find yourself driving in snow, either whilst it is falling, or just on the ground, please slow down and take extra care, making no sudden movements, in any direction.

Another tip, strange though it might seem, is to carry a bag of cat litter in your boot. This is not in case you stumble across a cat desperate to use the toilet, but rather the gravelly texture can be used to provide temporary traction on a slippery road, and can get you out of an emergency situation.

It is also advisable to check the route of your journey before you west off. The DGT provides information on road conditions, including those affected by the weather, in their interactive, national map. You can see this map on their website, https://www.dgt.es/inicio/, where you can also see pages of information about traffic status and restrictions.

### Buying or Selling a Car in Spain

If you are about to buy a car in Spain, and you are satisfied that the price and quality meets your expectations, you should still verify the general condition of the vehicle, which you can do by obtaining a report on the condition of the vehicle from the DGT.

There are two reports available, a free report, which offers reduced information that allows you to confirm the correct identification of the vehicle, and information in case there is any incident or lien that could affect the vehicle. But for the purpose of buying a car, we recommend the detailed report. In these detailed reports you can also consult the repairs and revisions that have been carried out by the workshops attached to the digital maintenance book or workshop book.

You should also be aware that a vehicle without local taxes up to date cannot be transferred.

Once you are satisfied that everything is correct, the transfer process can commence, which is done via the DGT
If you are the buyer...
If you are determined to make the purchase, you must sign a sales contract with the seller in which the data of the vehicle, the purchase price and the date and time in which the contract is signed all appear. Do not forget that the contract must be signed by both the buyer and the seller on each of the pages that make it up.

Before attending the DGT trafico offices to request the transfer, you must pay the property transfer tax (model 620 or model 621 as appropriate) in the autonomous community in which you are registered. You can do it easily and electronically in almost all the Autonomous Communities.

With all this, the last thing left is to carry out the transfer process in the DGT office, but make sure you make an appointment first.
If you are the seller...
We advise you to have one of the copies of the original sales contract before handing over the vehicle. In the contract that you sign, the vehicle data, the purchase price and the date and time in which the contract is signed must be completed. Do not forget that the contract must be signed by both the buyer and the seller on each of the pages that make it up.

In the event that the vehicle had been financed by a financial institution, it is necessary to check if the latter made an entry in the Registry of Movable Assets that prevents the sale of the same until authorised by it. If this is the case, and there is a registered reservation of title, common in vehicle purchase operations in instalments, you must know that the change of owner cannot be made until full payment of the purchase price is justified. For this, it is necessary to contact the financial entity, and request a "title reservation cancellation letter", to later process the cancellation in the Registry of Movable Property where the registration was made.
If you are the buyer...
You have a period of 30 days from the signing of the contract to make the transfer. In the DGT offices they will verify that you have paid the corresponding fee and all the required documentation – do not forget the original circulation permit, and they will carry out the transfer straight away.
If you are the seller…
Once the sale is made, we advise you to make a notification of sale. Do not wait for the buyer to complete the transfer process, as there are times when buyers are late, and this can cause you a headache.

Remember that speed cameras, insurance or ITV fines will continue to arrive as long as the change of ownership does not occur in the Vehicle Registry.

Notifying the sale is an easy way to avoid this problem, since once you make the notification, the responsibility is no longer yours.

### Most Common Failures in ITV Inspections

We will have to wait a little longer for the 2022 data, but for the last year in which information has been completed, 2021, we are able to see both the most common types of vehicles that fail the ITV inspections, and the most common reasons for failure.

The association of ITV stations in Spain, AECA-ITV, reports that in 2021, some 21.8 million vehicles were subjected to the ITV inspection in Spain, which itself was an increase of 10 percent compared to 2020, but more worryingly was the fact that up to 37.6 percent of the vehicles that had to undergo inspection did not show up.

Of the 21.8 million vehicles that were tested, a little more than 4 million vehicles did not pass the ITV the first time, representing up to 18.5 percent of the total. Of course, almost 17.8 million vehicles in return passed without problems, reaching the figure of 81.5 percent.
THE VEHICLES WHERE MORE DEFECTS ARE DETECTED IN THE ITV
Another of the most interesting data that we know is that of the vehicles where the most defects are detected in the ITV and which are in the worst condition. And here the reviews do not lie: both vans and trucks weighing more than 3,500 kg are the ones with the most serious and very serious defects. Specifically, 28.9 percent of them do not pass the ITV the first time.

These vehicles are followed by trailers and semi-trailers, which accumulate a failure rate in the ITV of up to 24.4 percent; Then buses and coaches appear, with 23.6 percent, and vans and trucks weighing less than 3,500 kg, with 23.8 percent of vehicles not passing the ITV test the first time.
VEHICLES WHERE FEWER DEFECTS ARE DETECTED IN THE ITV
On the contrary, ambulances and taxis are the vehicles with the highest percentage of “favorable” ITVs, with 87.7 percent approved the first time and only 12.3 percent rejected. They are followed by agricultural vehicles, with 85.1% approval, passenger cars, with 82.2 percent, and motorcycles and quads, with 82%.

Once these data are known, the following question is obvious: what are the main failures detected by the ITV and that lead the vehicles to fail? In this sense, the figures indicate that, on average, inspections register 2.1 serious defects per vehicle, with ambulances and taxis again having the lowest ratio (with only 0.9 serious defects per vehicle) and, conversely, with trailers and semi-trailers registering the highest number: up to 2.8 serious defects per vehicle.
THE MAIN FAILURES IN THE ITV
Below we reflect which are the main defects that cause more ITV tests to be suspended in Spain, thus resulting in the 18.5 percent of vehicles that do not pass the inspection the first time.

Lighting and signalling: This is the section in which more serious defects are detected with 26% of the total. It is worth noting the importance of the correct functioning of the lighting system in a vehicle since it allows the correct perception of the road and the correct visibility of the vehicle for the rest of the occupants of the road. Lights are one of the things we can easily check ourselves, although it is easier with an assistant, so make sure you check every light before the test, including those which illuminate the rear number plate.

Axles, Wheels, Tyres and Suspension: With 21% of serious defects detected, it is the second section in which more defects are detected in the ITV in Spain. The difference between tyres below the minimum threshold and ones in perfect condition can tip the balance in the event of an incident on the road.

Polluting emissions: 16% of ITV rejections are caused by incorrect operation of polluting emission control systems. This is a section of vital importance, since, according to the study "Contribution of the Technical Inspection of Vehicles (ITV) to road safety and the environment", carried out by the Duque de Santomauro Motor Vehicle Safety Institute (ISVA) of the Carlos III University of Madrid (UC3M), the ITV stations have avoided, due to exposure to particles (PM), 575 premature victims, in the year 2021.

Brakes: The brakes and braking systems of vehicles already account for 13% of the serious defects detected, being a key element in any incident on the road.

### Most Popular Myths about the ITV Inspection

Although there are some who say otherwise, the ITV is a very important procedure for our vehicle to comply with the technical and environmental requirements in order to continue driving safely. It is a procedure that all drivers must go through with our vehicles from time to time: normally, the first ITV test on a new vehicle is required 4 years after its registration; thereafter, every two years, and it becomes an annual requirement when it has reached the decade of life.

In these mandatory inspections, different elements are checked to guarantee the integrity of the vehicle. If you do not pass the exam, you will receive a “desfavorable” or “negativa” result, which will mean having to pass the ITV again with certain conditions. What's more: one of the most serious problems facing the Spanish car fleet, apart from its high average age, is the absenteeism of thousands of drivers from the ITV. Perhaps due to ignorance, laziness, for economic reasons or simply because they don’t want to.

There are also a number of drivers who spread “rumours” about the ITV inspections, which are nothing more or less than myths, which the AECA-ITV, the Spanish Association of Collaborating Entities of the Administration in the Technical Inspection of Vehicles, are happy to explain.

"The ITV does not guarantee the safety conditions of the vehicles": obviously, it is quite the opposite, since the inspections precisely control that the technical, mechanical and environmental requirements are met to continue circulating.

"Inspectors do not have adequate training": AECA-ITV highlights the requirements that all ITV employees must meet, starting with the technical director with the title of "Technical Engineer" that is required at all stations. In addition, inspectors must have the title of "Higher Automotive Technician" or equivalent.

“Inspectors have to comply with a percentage of rejections”: another false myth that is disproved regarding ITV inspectors, who must always be subject to the criteria of “objectivity and impartiality”; In addition, AECTA-ITV recalls that the centres must also undergo inspections by the public administrations.

"The ITV does not help to protect the environment": the new emission tests, as well as the control of noise levels, refute this false myth.

"Only the owner of the vehicle can pass the ITV": a friend or relative, as long as they have a driving licence, can pass the inspection of your car without problem, bringing (as always) the required documentation: that is, the vehicle's circulation permit and the technical data sheet.

"If you fail the ITV, you can continue driving until the second inspection": a resounding NO. If you have received a “desfavorable” result, you can only drive to the workshop for the corresponding repairs and to return to the ITV centre, all within a maximum period of 2 months. If you have received a “negative” result, then it will be a tow truck that will have to take the vehicle to the workshop, with the same term mentioned above and without the possibility of being able to drive the vehicle due to the detected failures.

"If I have the car parked without moving it, I don't need to pass the ITV": having the car stopped does not exempt you from the responsibility of having to pass the ITV (or having insurance). The only way to "free yourself" in this sense is to have the vehicle deregistered and be withdrawn from public roads.

"It is not necessary to be insured when passing the ITV": another resounding NO. ITV and insurance must always go hand in hand. In fact, if at the station where you are going to carry out the inspection they verify that you do not have the insurance in order, or you will not be able to pass the ITV.

### 1,145 people died on the roads during 2022

In 2022, there were 1,042 fatal incidents on Spanish roads in which 1,145 people died and another 4,008 were seriously injured. These figures represent 44 more deaths (+4%) and 425 fewer serious injuries (-10%) than in 2019, the reference year and prior to the pandemic.

The Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, has indicated, in the presentation of the provisional balance of road incidents 2022, that "it is time to analyse the figures and continue working to tackle the causes, reduce deaths and also contribute to raising awareness among citizens about the drama of road accidents and their painful consequences".

In his speech, Grande-Marlaska thanked the joint efforts of the whole of society in recent years "which has made Spain an international benchmark in road safety", with incident figures "significantly below" the average for the countries in the European Union, but has called for prudence and responsibility to continue improving. "Statistics continue to show us too many deaths and too many serious injuries on the road. A lot of suffering that could be avoided," he added.

The minister was accompanied at the presentation, held at the headquarters of the Directorate General for Traffic, in Madrid, by the Undersecretary of the Ministry of the Interior, Isabel Goicoechea; the general secretary of the General Directorate of Traffic, María Lidón Lozano; and by the chief general of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, José Ignacio Criado, among other authorities.
Mobility, fleet and driver census
In terms of mobility, during the past year 439.8 million long-distance movements by road were registered, which is 3% more than those made in 2019 (427.1 million).

The vehicle fleet has increased by 3.6% compared to 2019, reaching 35.6 million vehicles, and the driver census has increased by 0.82%, up to 27.5 million drivers.
Radiography of incidents by type of road
Conventional roads continue to be the ones that register the most deaths. Compared to 2019, deaths on conventional roads increased more (+5%) than on motorways and dual carriageways (+3%).

833 people died in traffic incidents on conventional roads (73%) and 312 on motorways and dual carriageways (27%), so that out of every 4 fatalities, 3 are on conventional roads and 1 on motorways and dual carriageways.
By type of incident
Leaving the road accounts for almost half of the deaths (42%). Deaths from this typology have increased by 13% compared to those registered in 2019.
By user type
The trend of recent years has changed. In 2022, vulnerable deaths have been reduced by 5% and deaths in cars have increased by 10%.

In the global calculation, 422 vulnerable users have died, 22 fewer than in 2019. This decrease has occurred significantly in motorcyclists, with 251 deaths, 35 fewer than in 2019.

Pedestrian fatalities increase, 126 in 2022 compared to 118 in 2019, which means that 1 in 10 fatalities on the road were pedestrians.

- More than half of the deaths were on highways and dual carriageways (58, five more than in 2019).

- More than 3 out of 10 deaths on these expressways died when they got out of the vehicle.

- Only 8 of the 126 pedestrians killed were wearing reflective clothing.

Deceased cyclists increase. In total, there have been 44 dead bicycle users, 4 more than in 2019.
By age
The greatest decreases in deaths by age group occurred in the groups from 25 to 34 years old, with a decrease of 11%, and from 45 to 54 years old, with a reduction of 9%. The age group that increases the most is that of 55 to 64 years, with 197 deaths, 23% more than in 2019 (160).
By day of the week
56% of deaths are registered on a working day (641 fatalities), days in which a greater increase in mobility is also observed (+4%).
Security accessories
142 people traveling in cars and vans (25%) were not wearing seat belts at the time of the incident. Nor did 9 cyclists and 5 motorcyclists use helmets.
By autonomous communities
Deaths increased in Castilla y León (+40), Andalusia (+25), Castilla-La Mancha (+15), Region of Murcia (+9), Aragón (+7), Comunidad Foral de Navarra (+5), Cantabria (+4), Galicia (+1) and the Canary Islands (+1). They descend in the Community of Madrid (-20), Catalonia (-18) and the Basque Country (-13), La Rioja (-6), Extremadura (-6), and the Valencian Community (-1).

The figures presented this Monday by the Minister of the Interior are provisional and refer only to fatal incidents that occurred on interurban roads and victims registered up to 24 hours after the incident occurred. The definitive and consolidated figures, which will include the victims of incidents that occurred in urban and interurban roads after 30 days, will allow us to have a complete x-ray of road incidents in Spain.

### The Different Results of the ITV Test

When you take your vehicle for the ITV test, the result can be favorable, desfavorable, or negativa (favourable, unfavourable or negative), and although we all hope for a favourable pass, it is important to know the implications of the other results, and what we have to do about it.

Whenever we subject our vehicles to the ITV test, there will always be doubts, although we will also hope, that we will pass with flying colours, but in the worst cases, we will be left in a situation where we are not allowed to drive the car away from the test centre.

The good news is that a negative result is not that common. According to data from the Association of Entities for the Technical Inspection of Vehicles of the Community of Madrid (AEMA-ITV), 81 percent of the vehicles inspected in Madrid pass the inspection the first time, however, there is another 19 percent who receive a different result.
IF THE ITV IS FAVORABLE
If the ITV result is “favorable”, it is possible to continue driving safely and without the need to return until the next test is due. However, sometimes, when the Technical Inspection is favorable, some slight defects may have been detected. In this case, the owner of the vehicle must repair them as soon as possible, although it will not be necessary to return to the ITV station to submit the car to a new technical inspection.
IF THE ITV IS DESFAVORABLE
If the report received from the ITV test shows that the technical inspection is “desfavorable”, this means that our vehicle has serious defects that put our safety and that of other road users at risk. Consequently, we will only be able to drive the vehicle to a workshop to repair the faults and return to the station to carry out a new inspection. The time that we have to correct the defects of our car is 2 months and we must return to the ITV station to verify that the detected defects have already been corrected within that time. Remember though, we are only allowed to drive to the workshop and back to the test centre in this case.

As a general rule, this second inspection is free if it is done within 2 months. If this is not the case, and we go to the ITV after that time, the vehicle will have to be inspected again, and we must pay again.
IF THE ITV IS NEGATIVA
The technical inspection with a negative result, “negativa”, for its part, is due to the fact that at least one defect is considered very serious because it constitutes a direct and immediate risk to road safety, or has an impact on the environment. In this case, the vehicle is no longer permitted to drive on public roads.

If this situation occurs, we cannot even drive away from the test centre, and must contract a tow truck (grua) to transfer the vehicle to the workshop to be repaired.

Once again, we have a period of 2 months to carry out the repairs and return to the test centre, but remember that the vehicle cannot be driven until the test has been completed successfully, and so not only must the tow truck take the vehicle from the test centre to the workshop, it must also be used to take the car back for the subsequent, and hopefully successful, inspection.

Driving a vehicle without an ITV, which includes if your vehicle has failed, will result in a considerable fine.

The ITV inspectors point out that other than the economic sanctions that driving with an disfavorable or negativa ITV may represent, the main reason to keep the ITV up to date is to understand that it is a procedure that saves lives. Specifically, 723 lives a year and if the total number of vehicles that do not go to the ITV having the obligation to do so, did so, 353 additional lives could be saved.

Remember, you can subject your vehicle to the ITV inspection 30 days before your current test is due to expire and the time will be carried forward until your next test.

### Changes to Historic Vehicle Rules 2023

In 2023, the DGT is expected to officially approve a new regulation for historic vehicles. This new regulation will replace the first Historic Vehicle Regulation, Reglamento de Vehículos Históricos, created in 1995, almost 28 years ago. With this new announcement, the DGT will introduce very important new features for this type of model.

Prepared by the DGT, together with the Ministry of Industry and the Autonomous Communities, and with the help and approval of the Spanish Federation of Antique Vehicles, this new regulation will establish in 2023 "the special rules that allow the circulation of historic vehicles and encourage the conservation and restoration of those that make up the historical automobile heritage”.

Thanks to all this, once approved, the procedures to obtain the catalogue will decrease and the owners of this type of vehicle will be able to drive with them for a management cost of only around €20.

But what are the requirements that will regulate the classification of historic vehicles going to be from now on? In principle, the rule will establish that any vehicle that is more than 30 years old since its registration or manufacture, that is in original condition, registered in the General Inventory of Movable Property of Historical Heritage, and that has participated in historical events, belonged to personalities or collectibles due to their uniqueness and scarcity, you can obtain this qualification.

There are currently two types of historic vehicles classified: those in Group A, which are those that are more than 30 years old, have a Spanish number plate and have a valid ITV; and those of Group B, which are the rest, those from abroad or which do not have an active circulation permit.

According to DGT data, there are currently approximately 47,000 historic vehicles registered in Spain, which will also have important innovations and benefits from 2023 with the approval of the new regulation. Perhaps the most important will be that those vehicles already manufactured or registered before 1950, as well as mopeds classified as historic or agricultural transport, will be exempt from passing the ITV next year. The rest of those considered historical that do not belong to this group, will have to do it every 2 or 4 years, without the need to review mechanical and safety elements that are not factory-fitted, as well as being omitted from the pollutant emission tests.

In addition to all this, historic vehicles should be able to circulate next year through all the mandatory Low Emission Zones that will come into force in more than 150 cities in Spain, although ultimately it will be the City Councils that regulate in each town which cars can or cannot circulate. The DGT does recommend that all municipal councils allow them to circulate as they are vehicles of special protection.

### Ten Questions about Eco Stickers and Low Emission Zones

There is a lot of talk about Eco Stickers and Low Emission Zones at the moment, due to the implementation of a new Environmental Protection Law, and as such, a lot of questions have been raised, so we will answer, in brief, the most popular ones.

 	
What is an Eco Sticker?


An Eco Sticker, or Environmental Distinction Badge (Distintivo Ambiental, or Distintivo Ambiental DGT in Spanish), is used to indicate the category of your vehicle based on the energy efficiency, environmental impact, and the pollution it emits.

 	
Are Eco Stickers mandatory in Spain?


The answer to this question is both no, and yes! No, the Eco Sticker is not mandatory, it is a purely voluntary initiative. However, if you want to drive your vehicle in a Low Emissions Zone, then it must be displayed, so it that case it is mandatory.

 	
Where do I get an Eco Sticker from?


There are a number of authorised outlets in Spain, but by far the simplest and most convenient is at the network of post offices (Correos). All you need to do is present your vehicle’s logbook and your ID and your sticker will be issued over the counter. Some of the smallest post offices may not offer the service though, but you can also get your Eco Sticker online at the correos.es website, where you upload a picture of your logbook and ID, pay a small fee, and it will be sent to your home address.

 	
Which Eco Sticker do I ask for?


You don’t need to worry about this. Although you can check the distinction and category of Eco Stickers the issuing body will know exactly which sticker to give you based on the information in your vehicle’s logbook.

 	
Where do I place the Eco Sticker in my vehicle?


The Eco Sticker is designed to be affixed to glass and should be placed on the windscreen of the vehicle. Specifically, if we sit in the vehicle looking out, the sticker must be placed on the lower right-hand corner of the windscreen.



 	
What about Eco Stickers on motorbikes?


Of course, many motorbikes do not have windscreens, and those that do have limited space. On a motorbike the sticker must simply be placed in a location which is visible. The same applies for the ITV sticker by the way.



 	
What are Low Emission Zones?


Low Emission Zones (LEZ), or Zonas de Bajas Emisiones (ZBE) in Spanish, are areas where only the least polluting vehicles are allowed to drive. Those vehicles entering these zones incorrectly face a 200 euro fine.

 	
Do all towns and cities have Low Emission Zones?


No. ZBEs have been active in Spain for some time, with cities like Madrid and Barcelona, for example, being at the forefront of environmental restrictions. However, the implementation of a new Environmental Protection Law in 2023 means that all towns and cities in Spain with more than 50,000 inhabitants must implement these Low Emission Zones.

That said, when the Law was officially approved in December 2022, the Spanish Government also implemented a transition period for town halls and local authorities to adapt. Torrevieja and Orihuela, for example, who will have to comply with the Law, have not even started the process yet. Benidorm, another example, put the work to tender in the first week in January. Cartagena has said that they will not be implementing a Low Emission Zone as a large part of their city is already pedestrianised.

It is up to the local authorities to comply with the Environmental Protection Law. As a driver, we simply need to watch for the road sign that indicates a Low Emission Zone and act accordingly by only entering if our vehicle is displaying the appropriate sticker as indicated on these signs.



 	
Does the Eco Sticker expire?


No. The Eco Sticker will be valid for the life of the vehicle. However, what is expected to change is that as time goes by, these zones will become more restrictive, so as our vehicles get older, we may find that we are excluded from entering. This is not likely to happen for some years yet though, and again, as we have mentioned, all we have to do is monitor the signs to make sure out sticker is allowed in the zone.

 	
Can foreign registered vehicles obtain Spanish Eco Stickers?


No. Only vehicles registered on the Spanish database can obtain the Eco Sticker. However, there are a limited number of European countries that have a similar scheme to Spain, and some of these stickers are valid in this country. Remember though, if your vehicle is not displaying a Spanish Eco Sticker, or the permitted one from the limited number of EU countries, you are generally not allowed to enter these Low Emission Zones.

### What will the number plates of the future look like?

On 31 October 1900, the first car registered in Spain circulated on the roads. Since then, three different systems have been adopted to indicate a unique reference for vehicles, which today we refer to as the “number plate”, the current method being 4 numbers and three letters, excluding the vowels to avoid some profanity combinations, and the letter Ñ and Q are also left out to avoid being confused with the letters N and O.

In the previous system, which some cars still have of course, the number plate in Spain was geographically identifiable, by using a prefix such as “M” for Madrid, or “A” for Alicante, for example.

The current European number plate model began in the year 2000. In that year, the provincial emblems were suppressed. The ordinary license plate is the one carried by the vast majority of the vehicles that make up the fleet in Spain. This plate is made up of four digits and three consonant letters, again with the exception of Ñ and Q. In addition, the number plate also includes the European blue band on the left side.

So what will happen next, when the current sequence runs out?

Last September, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) announced that the new sequence would be live on the number plates (MBB), and we have just entered into the realms of MCB, but the reality is it has taken 22 years to reach the current configuration.

We don’t have to worry about there being an immediate problem though, as the DGT envisions that the current plate model will run out in 2053, the year in which the 9999 ZZZ number plate could be seen.

Although it is not an immediate issue, the DGT is already looking at what to replace the system with. One of the options that attracted the most attention was number plates with a QR code with an incorporated microchip that would contain vehicle information such as the registration date, if it has passed the ITV or if it has suffered damage. When the idea was first muted, there was some shock, partly because it would not be so easy to visually identify, or remember, a registration number unless the code was scanned by an electronic device, although this of course could be something as simple as a mobile phone, but also a shock at the idea as to what these new number plates might look like.

However, the DGT themselves have said that number plates with a QR code "are not on the table" of the entity. «Who knows if QR codes will still exist in 30 years. There is plenty of time left to start thinking about what to do. It's not an urgent matter."

The DGT did however confirm that there might be a possibility in the future for personalisation. At the moment, unlike countries like the UK, personalised number plates are not issued in Spain.

More likely overall, the DGT is looking at the systems used by other countries such as Germany, China, Italy or Poland. Each country features a combination of letters and numbers, along with inexhaustible regional codes.

But, to find out for sure what the Spanish number plate of the future might look like, we will most likely have to wait another 3 decades.

### The Government approves the royal decree that regulates Low Emission Zones

Municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants, island territories and municipalities with more than 20,000 inhabitants that exceed the limit values ​​of regulated pollutants will adopt sustainable urban mobility plans before 2023 that introduce mitigation measures that allow the reduction of mobility emissions, including, among others, the establishment of low emission zones
 

The Council of Ministers has approved the proposal of the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge (MITECO), the royal decree that regulates the Low Emission Zones (ZBE). Spanish municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants, island territories and municipalities with more than 20,000 inhabitants that exceed the limit values ​​for regulated pollutants must adopt sustainable urban mobility plans before 2023 that introduce mitigation measures that make it possible to reduce emissions derived from mobility, including, among others, the establishment of low emission zones.

For this reason, MITECO developed, with the collaboration of the Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FEMP), Guidelines for the creation of ZBEs, so that Local Entities could use them as a guide to design and implement these areas. These Guidelines were presented on November 19, 2021.

In accordance with the provisions of article 14.3 of the Climate Change and Energy Transition Law, which includes the establishment of these zones, ZBE is understood to be the area delimited by a public Administration, in exercise of its powers, within its territory, of a continuous nature, and in which restrictions on access, circulation and parking of vehicles are applied to improve air quality and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, according to the classification of vehicles by their level of emissions in accordance with what is established in the current General Vehicle Regulations.

The development of the royal decree approved today defines specific and quantifiable objectives in the field of low emission zones, which can be conveniently monitored and evaluated, and establishes the minimum requirements that these zones must meet in key aspects such as extension, delimitation or access conditions, providing legal certainty to individuals and companies through homogeneous legislation throughout the national territory.

KEY ASPECTS OF THE ROYAL DECREE

The LEZs must contribute to improving air quality and mitigate climate change and it will be ensured that the measures associated with the fulfilment of these purposes promote compliance with the acoustic quality objectives, the promotion of modal change and the promotion of energy efficiency in the use of means of transport. All this will result in an improvement in the health of citizens and the quality of urban life, promoting more sustainable and inclusive mobility with less impact on the quality of the sound environment, and promoting active mobility and the recovery of public space.

Regarding the air quality objectives, ZBE projects must lead to an improvement with respect to the starting situation, and, in any case, ensure compliance with the legislated values. In addition, the royal decree aims, as its ultimate goal, at complying with the updated version of the WHO Guidelines on air quality, published in 2021, which, based on available scientific knowledge, includes the recommended air quality levels for the protection of public health.

With regard to the climate change mitigation objectives, local entities must define measurable and quantifiable objectives for 2030 for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the LEZs, in a manner consistent with the objectives established in the PNIEC, in particular, with the objective of reducing the use of private motorized vehicles compared to other modes of transport.

As long as compliance with the aforementioned objectives is guaranteed, the regulation allows exceptional access for polluting vehicles for justified reasons, such as vehicles with which basic public services are provided, among others, emergency services or garbage collection.

The rule also provides for the need for permanent coordination and cooperation between administrations, especially in island territories, metropolitan areas and in response to the urban distribution of goods. Likewise, it includes the need to facilitate participation measures of the different social agents and to signalize the low emission zones.

The royal decree also establishes that local entities facilitate the installation of recharging points or the supply of clean fuels such as hydrogen and can introduce complementary measures within the building sector, measures for the replacement of heating systems, efficient energy rehabilitation and promotion emission-free air conditioning systems. In the same way, interventions in urban areas of an adaptive nature may be incorporated, such as those aimed at mitigating the heat island effect or increasing urban green areas with adapted species.

Finally, the applicable penalty regime is provided, referring to traffic regulations for these purposes and a transitional period of four years for adaptation to the new standard of LEZ projects established prior to its entry into force.

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

The text of the royal decree has been submitted to public participation between April 21 and May 13, 2022. Comments and proposals have been received from 157 individuals, associations, companies and public entities. It has also been submitted to the hearing process to autonomous communities, local entities and representative entities of affected sectors, from April 26 to May 17, 2022. And the reports of the concerned ministries have been collected.

### How to identify a driver in the event of a fine

It is quite common for individuals other than the owner of the vehicle to drive a car in Spain, but in the event of a traffic fine being issued and you as the vehicle owner were not the driver, you will need to notify the DGT so that the sanction is correctly issued to the driver responsible.

In the case of minor offences (without loss of points) the identification of the driver is voluntary and if you pay the fine it will be understood that you were the driver, even if you weren’t, but no further action would be taken.

In the case of serious or very serious offences (with the loss of points) the identification of the driver is mandatory. You will have to identify the driver even if it is yourself. In these cases, if you do not identify the driver, it will be considered a very serious infraction, which may lead to the imposition of a fine of a significant amount, of which you will also not be able to benefit from the 50% reduction for payment within the voluntary period.

Keep in mind that through the procedure we are explaining here is only for the identification of the driver of fines imposed by the DGT, so before carrying out the procedure you must check who has issued the fine. Remember that to pay, claim or make an allegation, you must always go to the body that has sanctioned you.

You must complete the name, surname, ID, passport or residence permit, and postal address of the person who was driving your vehicle.

In the communication that the DGT sends to you, you will find an area where you can complete said data, if you wish to carry out the identification process in person at their offices.

There are 4 ways of identifying the driver:

 	Online, with or without prior identification.

Remember that if you make the identification by this means, you need to have on hand the communication that you were sent, so the fine document for example. In it you will find the file number and the notification code, which you will have to enter in the corresponding boxes of the form.

If you choose this route, there are two cases in which you cannot make the identification online:

When the driver does not reside in Spanish territory.

When the driver does not have the appropriate permit or driver's licence for the vehicle with which the offense has been committed.

In these cases, you will have to make the identification by any other means available to you.

 	From the miDGT app, the DGT application for mobile phones and tablets.

To identify the offender of a fine from the app, you must go to the main menu of the application and enter the section 'Mis multas' -> 'Pendientes' (My fines -> Pending).

 	By postal mail, returning the form you received, duly completed, to the address of the Traffic Department that appears on the form you received, or to the Automated Complaints Treatment Centre, Centro de Tratamiento de Denuncias Automatizadas.
 	In person, delivering all the documentation at any Headquarters or Traffic Office of the DGT. In this case, you need to request an appointment online or by calling 060. Remember that face-to-face service at DGT offices is reserved for individuals and their representatives. Companies and other legal persons, as well as their representatives, must carry out their procedures electronically. You will also have to speak Spanish, or take a qualified translator with you.

Normally, only the person who owns the vehicle with which the offence has been committed and who has received the request from the DGT can process the file, but they can authorise others to act on their behalf.

To authorise another person to act on your behalf, you can designate a representative through the Registry of powers of attorney.

Also, in case of carrying out the procedure in person, you can appear in person as long as you have a document signed by the interested party where you authorise them to make the request. To do this, download and fill in the authorisation form provided by the DGT “Otorgamiento de representación”, or "Granting of representation".

If the procedure is going to be carried out by another person on your behalf, at the time of requesting the prior appointment on 060, you must indicate the ID of the person concerned and also that of the authorised person.

You have a term of 20 calendar days, counted from the day after the communication with the requirement has been received, in which to identify the driver. In the event that you have not received said communication, you will have another 20 calendar days starting from the day after its publication. The process to identify a driver is free.

Identifying Foreign Drivers who have Been Fined

If you live abroad and have received a traffic ticket from the DGT, you can choose to pay the fine, file a claim or appeal, or identify the driver who was driving the vehicle in the usual way. However, the DGT provides additional channels to carry out these procedures for foreigners:

If it was not you who was driving the vehicle on the date the offence was committed, you can use their web application to identify them or send a letter by fax or postal mail identifying the driver with the following information:

Identification number of the fine.

Name and last name of the driver.

Driving licence number, date of issue and country of the driver.

Driver address.

You can tell the DGT who was driving the vehicle within 20 days of receiving notice of the ticket by any of the following means:

Fax: 0034987842693

Postal Mail: CTDA - PO Box 505. León - 24080 - SPAIN.

Through the web application, but note that it is not possible to use this route if:

The offending driver does not reside in Spain.

The driver does not hold the driving licence necessary to drive the vehicle with which the offence was committed.

In these cases, you must identify the driver either through FAX or postal mail.

Information and inquiries:

In addition, if you have any questions, the DGT puts the following communication channels at your disposal to ask us any question regarding traffic fines:

Telephone for information related to traffic fines:  0034 987 010 559 with the following opening hours:

Monday to Friday: 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.

Saturday: 8:00 a.m. - 3:00 p.m.

Fax number to send letters:  0034 987 842 693

Postal address to send documents:  CTDA - AUTOMATED COMPLAINTS PROCESSING CENTER. PO Box 505.  CP 24080 - LEON, SPAIN

### Forecast of 18.2 million road trips during Christmas

Christmas and New Year Traffic in Spain
As of 3:00 p.m. on Friday, December 23, the General Directorate of Traffic starts up the special device for regulation, management, and surveillance of the forecast 18.2 million road trips for the Christmas holidays, a campaign that will end on Sunday, January 8, 2023.

As usual, different phases have been established that coincide with the main Christmas festivities and that this year also take place on the weekend.

1st phase, Christmas: From Friday 23 to Sunday 26 December in the communities of Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, the Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castilla la Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura, the Balearic Islands, Madrid, Murcia, Navarra and La Rioja, a holiday on Monday 26. In the regions that do not transfer the holiday to Monday, the device will end on Sunday 25. For this first period, 4.4 million trips are planned.

2nd phase, New Year's Eve: From Friday, December 30 to Sunday, January 1, except in the communities of Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Castilla y León and Murcia, where it will last until Monday, January 2, as it is a holiday in those communities.

3rd phase, Three Kings: From Thursday 5 to Sunday 8 January, at which time the special Christmas device will be concluded.

Many of the trips, both long and short, will go to second homes, mountain areas for winter sports, and Christmas tourist attraction areas, as well as commercial areas.


A single goal: return
The purpose of the device is for people traveling by road to reach their destinations and return without incident.

For this, the DGT has the maximum availability of human resources (Agents from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, civil servants from the Traffic Management Centres, helicopter patrols and personnel in charge of maintaining equipment and installing measures on the road) which, among other functions, will be in charge of:

Facilitate the mobility and fluidity of traffic, as well as ensure your Road Safety on the roads.

Maintain circulation in proper Road Safety conditions for all kinds of vehicles on roads with sections or areas affected by adverse weather conditions such as snow, ice, fog, rain and wind.

Help users in the event of any incident or unforeseen event that may arise on the trip and monitor the correct behaviour of road users with the human and technical resources available to the agency: 780 fixed radars (92 of them section) and 545 speed control mobile phones, in addition to 13 helicopters, 39 drones, 245 cameras and 15 camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts.

Inform promptly about any incident on the road through the traffic information bulletins in the different radio and television stations, on the web www.dgt.es and mapamovilidad.dgt.es , on Twitter @DGTes and @InformacionDGT and on the telephone 011 Likewise, disseminate advice related to safe and responsible mobility.

Intensify speed and breathalyser controls as an instrument for the prevention of road accidents.
Put into practice what is known to avoid unnecessary suffering
Citizens know the importance of complying with traffic regulations, that driving is an activity that requires maximum attention, that alcohol and drugs are incompatible with driving and that wearing a seat belt saves lives, but what many drivers do not assume is that road accidents do not always happen to others and that in a matter of seconds the life of any person can change.

Therefore, the message is clear, as recalled by the General Director of Traffic, Pere Navarro, alluding to the message of the awareness campaign that the organisation has created for Christmas "hopefully this campaign will help people realise of everything that the road can take away from you and that no one has to recreate the Christmas album that you could not live, for not respecting the rules".

### 12 simple guidelines to avoid extra kilos at Christmas

Christmas usually represents a "danger" when it comes to maintaining and taking care of the waistline, since excess food can mean an unwanted increase in our weight.

The answer lies in the infinity of stimuli that surround us during these festive days. More time at home, more gatherings with family and friends, supermarkets and other commercial areas full of temptations.

 

"We spend more hours in the kitchen and, without going out of our routine, television and other media are filled with advertisements for food and drinks typical of Christmas," say the specialists of the Obesity Unit of the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja.

 

But not everything stops there, because this weight gain can imply more serious consequences for our health, such as diabetes, digestive diseases or the development of hypertension, in the most extreme cases.

 

The good news, according to the specialist, is that we can plan our nutritional numbers and avoid those extra kilos that always characterise this time of year. For this, this expert in nutrition lists the following guidelines to follow before the celebratory dates:

 

 	Sticking exclusively to holidays and special meals is essential. On December 24 and 31, January 1 and 5, two dinners, a lunch and a snack to try the Rioscón de Reyes.
 	Do not buy sweets and drinks ahead of time.
 	Opt for small quantity and high-quality products.
 	Do not sit in front of the table after eating. It is difficult to resist a table with beautiful products on the outside and rich on the inside.

 

Thus, one of the main mistakes that we usually commit at this time is to get ahead of the celebrations and buy and cook more than we need.  "Leave the table when we finish eating. Looking for other activities to do these days can help us not celebrate absolutely everything only by eating and drinking," warns the specialists.

 

IS SOMETHING WRONG IF NOT LIKE THE DAY OF CHRISTMAS EVE DINNER?

 

One of the usual questions that many people ask themselves on the designated days, such as Christmas Eve or New Year's Eve, for example, is if on those dates we should not eat or do little if, for example, we know that it is Christmas Eve dinner, where it is easy for us to fill up and even spend eating. To what extent is it good to limit the intake of that day and not eat at noon, or to do it little?

 

In this regard, this dietitian-nutritionist considers that the ideal and that can help in these cases is to get ahead and design a menu of first course, second course and dessert: "It is very useful not to exceed the quantity. Limiting wine to the main course and toast time also helps. On the table can and should also be water, vegetables and fruits. We can include low-calorie foods in the preparation of Christmas recipes."

 

WHAT ABOUT WHIMS

 

On the other hand, we ask the specialists of Quirónsalud Torrevieja about whether we can grant ourselves this Christmas, and from time to time, a whim, and coinciding with family celebrations, if this will somehow influence those kilos of more endings that we accumulate.

 

In his opinion, of course we can treat ourselves from time to time because, he maintains, prohibitions rarely work, at the same time that they are difficult to maintain over time.  "Health professionals need to promote a healthy relationship with food. Food in addition to nourishing us fulfils other functions. It helps you to relate and feel part of a group. Eating, in addition to a necessity, is a pleasure," say the specialists.

 

IT IS POSSIBLE TO KEEP TRIM WITH THESE TIPS

 

With all this, he affirms that itis possible to maintain the waistline on Christmas days and avoid those 2-3 kilos of more that we usually add at this time with the following tips:

 

 	Choose a salad, vegetable cream or light soup as a starter.
 	Accompany meat, fish or seafood with a vegetable garnish.
 	Opt for a small portion of sweet and combined with pieces of fruit.
 	Always start with water. It will help you reduce your alcohol intake.
 	Make a shopping list considering the menu and the number of guests so that you do not overeat.
 	Plan a fun, lively activity with the family on those days. Make all purchases on foot.
 	Start your day with physical activity. Don't leave it for the end of the day.
 	Eat what you like without remorse, but try to be rational with the amounts and don't sabotage yourself! Do not have within reach outside of 4 holidays what you do not want to eat or drink.

### It’s the season for flashing lights, so…

As it’s the season that many of us will be in awe of the flashing lights adorning Christmas trees and other festive decorations, we thought it an ideal time to revisit those other flashing lights we should be using all year round, indicators.

It doesn’t matter where you are from, or what country you drive, there is a general problem with drivers using indicators. According to the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), in Spain, a very short drive through any city or highway is enough to verify that there are still drivers who do not signal certain manoeuvres correctly, using the optical signalling colloquially known as indicators, or intermitentes in Spanish, and which the General Traffic Regulations refer to as “luces indicadoras de dirección”, or direction indicator lights.

For this article we will refer to them by their colloquial name, indicators.

The DGT has been running an awareness campaign to remind drivers of the importance of indicators, and when they should be used. And, before we get into an argument, it is not just the “Spanish who don’t indicate”, it is a common problem, as we have already said.

For its part though, the DGT even launched a micro-website as part of their awareness campaign, reminding drivers of the most important occasions when indicators should be used, although it is worth reminding ourselves that indicators should be used to signal our intention before a move that would make the vehicle deviate from course or direction. Again, as a reminder, BEFORE the move, not during or after.

Some of the most important moves that this would entail are of course turning, overtaking and lane changes, stopping or parking, joining roads, and the cover-all, “whenever you consider it appropriate so that other drivers can predict your actions”.

Indicators should also be used on roundabouts, for which there are two occasions, before changing lanes on the roundabout, and before exiting a roundabout. To clarify a situation when indicators are sometimes used incorrectly, they should never be used when accessing the roundabout.

At this point, we have to mention another use of indicators on a roundabout. In the event that you are driving around the roundabout, for example to leave at the third exit, it is quite common to put your left-turn indicator on to show other drivers that you are continuing around the roundabout. We call this a “courtesy indicator”. However, although this is common practice, and considered a good idea to avoid collisions from vehicle in the wrong lane (remember we must always exit a roundabout from the right-hand lane), it is not technically correct to use the indicator in this way, according to the law. It is still considered a good idea however, in this case.

In the General Traffic Regulations, article 109 refers precisely to the use of turn signals in the following terms:

Article 109. Optical warnings. 1. The driver must warn by means of optical signals of any manoeuvre that implies a lateral or backward displacement of the vehicle, as well as the purpose of immobilising it or slowing down its progress considerably. Such optical warnings will be carried out sufficiently in advance of the start of the manoeuvre, and, if they are luminous, they will remain in operation until the end of the manoeuvre.

For the purposes of the previous section, the following must also be taken into account:

 	a) Lateral displacement will be warned using the direction indicator light corresponding to the side towards which it is going to be carried out, or the arm, in a horizontal position with the palm of the hand extended downwards, if the displacement is going to be towards the side that the hand indicates, or bent upwards, also with the palm of the hand extended, if it is going to be towards the opposite.

In manoeuvres that involve lateral displacement, it is this that is exclusively warned, so the warning must end as soon as the vehicle has adopted its new trajectory.

When the immobilisation takes place on a motorway or dual carriageway, or in places or circumstances that significantly reduce visibility, the presence of the vehicle must be signalled by using the emergency light, if available, and, where appropriate, with position lights.

If the immobilisation is carried out to stop or park, the direction indicator light corresponding to the side to which the immobilisation is to be carried out must also be used, if the vehicle has such a device.

The use of indicators when signalling our manoeuvres is absolutely vital to guarantee fluidity in traffic. The indicators help other drivers know our intentions, in addition to visually warning of our manoeuvres. They not only increase our safety when driving, they make a positive contribution to the safety of all road users - be they pedestrians, cyclists, other drivers or emergency services. However, some (bad) drivers don't seem to get it.

Not using indicators is, at the very least, a selfish attitude. It is also an offence, for which the driver can be sanctioned and fined. Carrying out a manoeuvre without using indicators will result in a 200 euro fine, and carrying out a manoeuvre with incorrect use of the indicators - leaving them on when overtaking, or signalling to the wrong side - will result in a fine of 80 euro.

### Discounts for traffic fines

If you commit a minor traffic offence in Spain, you will most likely receive a fine, some incur the loss of points, and in most cases the actual amount you pay can be reduced by 50% if you admit the offence and pay promptly, for the majority of fines.

The ability to receive a 50% discount was introduced in 2009, so long as you pay the fine within 20 days. You do however lose that ability in the event that you oppose or appeal. As the DGT explains, if you agree with the sanction, pay it as soon as possible and benefit from a 50% discount. If you do not agree or there is an error, you can appeal or claim a refund of the payment. Remember, if you do, you lose the right to the 50% reduction.

In the case of a fine from the DGT, you have the possibility to pay it in the voluntary period. Said period includes the first 20 calendar days from when the complaint was notified to you and, in most cases, implies a 50% reduction in the amount of the fine.

Once these 20 days of the voluntary period have passed, the ordinary period begins.

In this ordinary period, which extends up to 45 days after receiving the notification, you can make the payment of the fine at any time. In this case you must pay 100% of the amount of the same.

Once the ordinary term has elapsed, the sanction will pass to the State Tax Administration Agency, which will be in charge of collecting it with a 20% surcharge.

Because at the same time that a reduction in the amount of the fine was offered, the offender was forced, in the same article of the reform of the law, to renounce other rights. In other words, if you wanted to save 50 percent of the amount of the fine, you should say goodbye to other alternatives that you could legally have to defend your actions.

This is seen as a beneficial system for both sides, the offender saves money by admitting guilt and paying promptly, and the DGT saves on the cost of filing the case further through the judicial process.

In 2021, the DGT broke all records for collection of fines, reaching 444 million euro in revenue. A figure that surely would not have been achieved with the previous system of sanctions. Of course, that figure also implies that there were a record number of people caught committing an offence.

It should also be noted however that if you are caught with a radar detector, or radar jammer in your vehicle, which are now illegal to own, whereas they were previously only illegal to use, the discount is not applied.

### How to get live traffic reports in Spain

There are certain times of year in Spain that restrictions are put in place to control certain vehicle movements, in order to try to ease the general flow of traffic. We are talking in particular about periods usually around holiday times, when more movements are expected on the roads.

Whereas there are apps that give live traffic information, such as Google Maps and Waze, amongst others, the Spanish traffic department, the DGT, also provide live information, but the big difference is that they also provide details of restrictions.

Whereas the regulatory measures such as restrictions limit circulation only temporarily and always on specific dates, established "in order to promote road safety, mobility and fluidity of circulation," the information is useful any time we might want to travel on the roads, and also includes the adverse effects of weather conditions.

To explain about the restrictions first, they normally only restrict certain types of vehicles, such as vehicles for the transport of goods in general of more than 7,500 kilos of maximum authorised or overall mass, vehicles for transporting dangerous goods that must carry orange danger signalling panels according to ADR, and special vehicles and vehicles that require complementary circulation authorisation.

These restrictions are published on the DGT website, in a specific section, collecting all the information on the limitations, including a file with the restrictions on movement. In addition, a map, which we will talk about more in a moment, constantly shows the active traffic restrictions for today.

The map, which is part of the DGT 3.0 project, is updated 24 hours a day collates information from sensors on the roads, satellites, and live information from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil patrolling the roads, as well as the numerous Traffic Management Centres around the country.

The map also includes useful information such as the location of fixed radar points, and live traffic cameras.

Likewise, in more conflictive periods for circulation, the website offers the possibility of downloading the special restrictions due to mass movements.

In the restrictions section, the DGT website also details the itinerary network for dangerous goods. And it informs, for example, of temporary cuts to improve "road safety in sections with high accident rates".

Through other channels, the DGT collates the events that affect circulation in a more or less unexpected way, this information is fed to social networks, particularly on Twitter.

Before we give you all of the links to browser the information, we just need to explain the Basque and Catalan exceptions. The DGT restrictions on movement are for the entire national territory except for the Autonomous Communities of Catalonia and the Basque Country, which, because they have transferred traffic powers, can apply their own restrictions.

Where to find the information:

The live traffic map, which details what is happening in real time, can be viewed at https://infocar.dgt.es/etraffic/

You can then scroll around, zoom in and out, and drag the map to find the locations you are interested in.

On Twitter, follow @InformacionDGT (https://twitter.com/InformacionDGT) for live updates, and @DGTes (https://twitter.com/DGTes) for more general news.

If you understand Spanish reasonably well, you can also telephone 011.

For information on restrictions, visit https://www.dgt.es/conoce-el-estado-del-trafico/restricciones-a-la-circulacion/

The map showing restrictions for the day is at https://infocar.dgt.es/etraffic/Previsiones?datePrevisiones=05/12/2022&provincia=77&poblacion=&carretera=&caracter=prevision&PK=&version=mapa&pagina=null&accion_buscar=Buscar&IncidenciasRETENCION=false&IncidenciasOBRAS=false&IncidenciasMETEOROLOGICA=false&IncidenciasPUERTOS=false&IncidenciasOTROS=false&IncidenciasEVENTOS=false&IncidenciasRESTRICCIONES=true&soloMapa=true

Finally, if you are feeling adventurous, the DGT are also beta testing a new map, and although it is some way off being launched, you can play around with it now at http://mapamovilidad.dgt.es/home.htm

 

### When will warning triangles be replaced?

Warning triangles have been mandatory in Spain since 1999. However, this device has its days numbered, being replaced by an alternative, safer to operate, electronic warning system.



Known technically as the V-16, a flashing orange warning light can now be used instead of warning triangles in the event of an emergency, such as a breakdown, for example.

There are two main benefits to consider that these new flashing lights have over their triangle relatives. Firstly, they are easier to see at night and at a greater distance, and secondly, they do not require the driver to walk along a potentially dangerous road in order to warn of the scene.

With the new lights, you simply switch them on, and then place them on the highest point of the vehicle, most likely the roof, then get yourself to a place of safety, of course, still wearing your high visibility vest, which will remain mandatory.

As these new devices are developing, the more modern versions, which the DGT says will shortly be available in stores, will also have geolocation abilities, and will ultimately be able to communicate with live mapping services, thus providing a greater warning of the presence of a hazard.

Although these new devices can be used now instead of triangles, after a change in the law in July 2021, they will become mandatory in the future. As from 1 January 2026, the warning lights will completely replace warning triangles in Spain.

As of that date, the only way allowed to signal breakdowns or incidents will be the V-16 signal, with its geolocation, thus, as mentioned, ensuring that a report of the vehicle reaches the DGT 3.0 website in a timely manner. In turn, this information will be forwarded to other drivers on the road.

Among the additional advantages of this new system is its optical system that allows a fairly wide field of visibility. That is, up to 360 degrees horizontally and a minimum of ±8 degrees up and down. At the same time, it has a light intensity that can be maintained for 30 minutes.

If you have one of these devices already, and when you do obtain one in the future, it will become important to add the checking of the light to a regular routine, as they are battery powered, and so it is important to make sure they function in case you need to use it.

### Can Foreign Vehicles Obtain a Spanish Eco Sticker?

We have been speaking a lot about the so-called eco sticker, or environmental badge, and the requirements for driving in Low Emission Zones in Spain.

However, there are still two main questions outstanding regarding the eco stickers, that is if the sticker issued in Spain is valid in other countries that also have Low Emission Zones, and if foreign registered vehicles will be permitted to drive in these restricted areas in Spain.

To answer the first question, can I drive with my Spanish-issued badge in restricted areas of other countries? The answer, unfortunately, is no. If you are going to travel with your vehicle to another country with an environmental classification system, such as Germany, Austria, Denmark, or France, for example, your Spanish eco sticker is not valid. You must research the requirements for each country you are planning to travel to, as you may be required to obtain a sticker relevant to that country.

However, the opposite is not always the case. If you have a badge issued in some other EU countries, you may be permitted to drive in restricted areas within Spain.

There are several countries in the European Union that have drawn up a classification system for vehicles based on how polluting they are, similar to the Spanish system. In Spain it is not possible to issue environmental labels to vehicles with foreign registration. If you have a vehicle from a country with an environmental label (Germany, Austria, Denmark, France) then the DGT considers that your vehicle does have the corresponding Spanish label.



You can check the equivalence between the classifications of the different countries on the DGT website, at https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/vehiculos/distintivo-ambiental/equivalencia-distintivo-ambiental-ue.shtml. Checking the equivalent restriction is crucial to ensure that the eco badge issued in your country is valid, and to what extent.

If you have a foreign registered vehicle, as we have mentioned, it is not possible to obtain a Spanish environmental badge. But, if your vehicle comes from a country with environmental certification (Germany, Austria, Denmark, France), you can again check the equivalent of your badge in Spain, as you may be able to drive in Spain with your country's badge, as we have mentioned.

Remember, only those vehicles displaying the relevant eco sticker are permitted to enter the Low Emission Zones.

### Categories and Definitions of Eco Stickers in Spain

We have been speaking a lot about the necessity to obtain an eco sticker for your vehicle, El Distintivo Ambiental DGT to give it the full name in Spanish, as Low Emission Zones are being implemented in most Spanish towns and cities, and you will face a fine if you enter one of these zones without the sticker in your windscreen.

We thought it also a good idea to explain a little more about the actual characteristics, categories and definitions of these eco stickers, so you understand them a little better.

The DGT Environmental Badge, El Distintivo Ambiental DGT, is a label that quickly identifies the most environmentally friendly vehicles. It must be placed in the lower right corner of the windshield, looking out, and, although it is voluntary, it is recommended, as you will be fined if you accidentally drive into a Low Emission Zone without the sticker on display.

The eco sticker is also referred to as the environmental badge, and is a way of classifying vehicles based on their energy efficiency, taking into account their environmental impact.

The purpose of the classification is to positively discriminate the most environmentally friendly vehicles and to be an effective instrument at the service of municipal policies, both restrictive of traffic in episodes of high pollution, and of promoting new technologies through benefits fiscal or related to mobility and the environment.

The eco sticker itself is formed of adhesive material, has a diameter of 97mm in the version to be displayed on cars and vans, and 87mm for the version for motorcycles.

There are four types of badge, which are issued depending on the polluting potential of the vehicle:

Distintivo cero emisiones, the zero emissions label, which is coloured blue, and applies to:

 	Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV).
 	Electric vehicles with extended range (REEV).
 	Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) with a minimum range of 40 km.
 	Fuel cell vehicles.

Distintivo eco, or the eco badge, this is coloured green and blue, and applies to:

 	Plug-in hybrid vehicles with a range of less than 40 km.
 	Non-plug-in hybrid vehicles (HEV).
 	Vehicles powered by natural gas.
 	Vehicles powered by natural gas (CNG and LNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

Distintivo C, or distinctive C, a green-coloured sticker that applies to:

 	Passenger cars and light petrol vans, registered from January 2006.
 	Passenger cars and light diesel vans registered from 2014.
 	Vehicles with more than 8 seats and heavy, petrol or diesel, registered from 2014.

Petrol vehicles must comply with the Euro 4.5 and 6 standard, and diesel vehicles with Euro 6.

Distintivo B, or distinctive B, a yellow sticker that applies to:

 	Passenger cars and light petrol vans registered from January 2000.
 	Diesel passenger cars and light vans registered from January 2006.
 	Vehicles with more than 8 seats and heavy, petrol or diesel, registered from 2005.

Petrol vehicles must comply with the Euro 3 standard, and diesel vehicles with Euro 4 and 5.



There are two types of labels which are designed for motorcycles and other similar vehicles, but they all have the same cost:

Two and three-wheeled mopeds with a cylinder capacity of less than 50 cm³ if internal combustion and a maximum speed of no more than 45 km/h.

Light quadricycles with an empty mass of less than 350 kg (not including the mass of the batteries in the case of electric vehicles), a maximum speed of not more than 45 km/h, a displacement of less than or equal to 50 cm³ for internal combustion engines or a power equal to or less than 4 kW for other types of motors.

Two-wheeled motorcycles with or without a sidecar with a displacement greater than 50 cm³, if it is internal combustion, and a maximum speed greater than 45 km/h.

On a motorcycle, the eco sticker must be displayed in a visible location, as many of them do not have a windscreen. You can purchase a special holder, similar to the tax disk holder that used to be used in the UK, but this is not mandatory, only that the sticker must be visible.

If you want to check what category your vehicle falls into, the DGT has a tool on their website where you can input your vehicle registration number and click “Consultar”, and the site will tell you the category you fall into. That tool is available at https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/vehiculos/distintivo-ambiental#

We have already explained how you can obtain your eco sticker from the main post office network, the easiest option, but you can also obtain one through workshops of the Spanish Confederation of workshops (CETRAA) and other networks of authorised workshops, Gestores Administrativos, the Institute of Automotive Studies (IDEAUTO) and in the case of fleets, you can obtain the badges through the Ganvam association.

### How will Low Emission Zones be managed in Spain?

The date is fast approaching, when new mandatory Low Emission Zones (Zonas de Bajas Emisiones or ZBE in Spanish) have to be implemented in all towns and cities with more than 50,000 inhabitants, as well as in island territories and in towns with more than 20,000 inhabitants.

In fact, as of 1 January 2023, these zones have to be implemented, in which only certain vehicles, those displaying the so-called eco sticker, or the least polluting, in other words, will be allowed to enter, with fines issued to those who fail to comply.

That said, despite the looming deadline, there are still many councils around the country who have not yet even started the process, a matter that they are legally obliged to enforce.

In order to help the driver, the DGT has already created a signage system specifically for Low Emission Zones. This sign, which is bordered by a red circle to indicate the mandatory nature of the instruction, features a pictogram of a car and exhaust fumes. The sign is designed to be accompanied by a rectangular sign which provides exceptions, in other words, there is no entry for vehicles beyond the sign, except those displaying the relevant eco stickers indicated.



Second, the DGT also added an element to the new Traffic Law that came into force in March 2022, which included a new sanction to be applied in case of not respecting the restrictions derived from the anti-pollution protocols and the new Low Emission Zones. This fine is already set today at 200 euro for non-compliance.

As we mentioned, there are still some town halls who are yet to start the process, and to assist them, the DGT has created a protocol with the new system that would allow town halls to control the passage of vehicles to these new Low Emission Zones.

“We have drawn up a protocol to help the Town Halls to incorporate the system for the automatic reading of number plates”, Pere Navarro, the Director General of the DGT confirmed. "In addition, we have also made some recommendations for those economic activities that we consider should be taken into account when being able to circulate in the low emission zone."

We know, therefore, that an automatic number plate reader, similar to the one that is already used in Madrid and in other cities to control access to its centre with restrictions, will be the device that would normally regulate the entry of vehicles, and to register those cars that do not have access and for which a fine will be issued.

We also know that in Madrid the City Council is currently using the current system of photo-red cameras to control access to its new Low Emission Zones which, in addition to penalising drivers who jumped a red traffic light up to now, have also begun to read license plates to monitor access to these areas with restrictions on movement.

We do know that these Low Emission Zones are already a reality in some places, and will become a feature in many more towns and cities very soon, and so we must be observant of the warning signs if we want to avoid a fine. We also already know that as time goes on, these areas will become even more restrictive, banning more cars as they get older and more polluting.

Obtaining the eco-sticker is a simple and inexpensive process. The easiest way is to visit a main post office, Correos, with your vehicle logbook and ID, and they can issue one on the spot for just a few euro. You can also order an eco sticker online through the correos.es website, uploading a picture of your logbook and ID, and they will send it to you through the post, although a small additional postage fee does apply.

### Do you wear glasses for driving?

Visibility is crucial when it comes to driving. We need to be able to see clearly in order to proceed safely. We are often aware of visibility problems caused by external factors, such as fog, rain, smoke, etc, but we are often less aware of the problems caused by a gradual reduction in our own eyesight, even though many of us already wear glasses for driving.

It is recommended that we have our eyes tested at least every 2 years, and that is the case whether we currently wear glasses or not. The degrading of our eyesight is usually a very slow process, and so we do not notice the deterioration. What is usually more noticeable is when we go for the eye test and the optician carries out a series of procedures which result in our vision becoming clears and suddenly.

In Spain, our eyes are checked as part of the renewal process for driving licences, but for the majority of drivers that check is over a far greater time period than the two-year minimum requirement, and during that medical check up the eyes are tested for compliance, it is not part of the process for obtaining a prescription and therefore glasses.

However, during that renewal medical test, the doctor will notify the DGT of your requirement to wear glasses. That requirement is then endorsed onto your driving licence.

If you look at the back of your driving licence, at the bottom left there is a number 12, this number refers to observations. There is a long list of codes that can appear on your licence, and if you do want to check them, you can find more driving licence observations codes on the n332.es website.

However, if you do have vision problems recorded, the code 01.01 will appear, which means that you must wear glasses to drive. In case event that the coding says 01.02, that refers to you having to wear contact lenses. And in case of 01.06, it is because you need glasses or contact lenses when behind the wheel.

Other than the fact that if you don´t wear corrective spectacles (or contact lenses if that is the case) your vision will be impeded, and you are potentially a risk on the roads, in the event of you being stopped by the traffic police, your licence will be checked, and if you are not wearing the required vision correction devices, glasses or contact lenses, then you face a fine of 200 euro.

The coding is quite clear. We have given three examples, glasses, contact lenses, and glasses or contact lenses, and so we can also deduce that if our licence states that we must wear glasses, but we have chosen to wear contact lenses, we are not correctly complying with the terms set by our medical examination. To have the choice, we must have the code 01.06.

If you do want the choice of glasses or contact lenses, you should contact one of the driving centre clinics to ask them if they can update your records. Of course, that will also mean that your licence will have to be reissued to reflect the change. Otherwise, you should comply with the requirements set, glasses in the case of 01.01, or contact lenses in the case of 01.02.

Finally, if you do wear glasses when driving, there is no longer a requirement to carry a spare pair. It was mandatory in Spain but is not anymore. However, despite that, it is still advisable to carry a spare pair of glasses with you in case anything happens to the ones you are wearing, as you will of course not be allowed to drive without them.

### How to recover points on your licence in Spain

The driving Penalty Points system in Spain acts in the opposite way to that of the United Kingdom. In the UK, if you commit a motoring offence, you gain points, whereas in Spain, you start with a balance that reduces if you commit certain offences.

First introduced in Spain in 2006, the operation of the points system has been relatively simple. When the system was introduced, all drivers were allocated 12 points, or 8 in the case of novice drivers. Three years later, if we had not lost any points, they gave us another 2 points and finally another three years later they gave us another one, with which the maximum points a driver could have being 15.

Checking your balance of points is simple, if you are able to access the DGT website or the miDGT app, for which a token such as a Digital Signature is required.

How to check your driving licence points in Spain

In the event of a driver not having any points, in other words, they have lost their allocation, they are not permitted to drive. Doing so is a criminal offence punishable by a fine between 1,500 and 6,000 euro, depending on factors such as whether the driver is a repeat offender, and can be accompanied by prison sentences between 3 and 6 months and community work between 30 and 90 days. That said, it is estimated that up to 100,000 people in Spain still drive under those conditions, some of whom may not be aware of their status, which is why it is important to check periodically.

Losing points is something that can happen to anyone. The system is not about treating drivers as criminals, whether or not they have licence points, but what is necessary is to carry out awareness and road safety work to reduce road accidents and increase safety behind the wheel.

Of course, not all offences result in the loss of points. But if you do lose them, there are ways in which you can recover your points.

Under normal circumstances, the process begins with a notification from the DGT, normally by letter, in which we are informed that we no longer have points on our licence, so we must stop driving until we follow the process for their recovery. It is possible that the notification never arrives, for a variety of reasons, which is why we must check ourselves also. This is where the problem begins, since up to seven out of ten drivers are not clear about the process for recovering points.

The recovery process is not complicated, but it cannot be said to be fast under any circumstances. There is the possibility of taking a road awareness and re-education course every two years. With this course we can recover 6 points, up to the maximum.

The cost varies in different Autonomous Communities. In Catalonia, for example, it´s around 225 euro, in the Basque Country 230 euro, the Canary Islands about 188 euro, but for most of Spain, the price is around 213 euro. The course itself lasts for 12 hours, normally distributed over two consecutive days of 6 hours each. The course is of course in Spanish, so those who don´t speak the language too well will find it difficult.

There is another way of recovering points, although this takes a lot longer, but is not dependant on language skills, just the passage of time. If you don’t commit another point-losing offence in two years, the DGT will return two points back to you. This process is then repeated until you reach 12.

In the event of you losing six points in one go, the recovery time is longer though.

There is bad news in the event of your points balance reaching zero, as the recovery then takes even longer, and you must take a longer and more complex course at the Provincial Traffic Headquarters. In this case, the course lasts 24 hours and is given over two weekends. It has a cost between 350 and 450 euro, depending on the Community, and completion of the full course is mandatory, as is passing an exam at the end. It can be done the day after losing the points, but in no case will we recover them before six months, which will force us to spend half a year without driving; 12 months if we are repeat offenders.

By the way, the exam is not easy at all, the fees are 30 euro and it gives the right to three attempts, but after each failure you must take a new 4-hour course. The exam consists of 30 multiple choice questions, with a maximum of 3 errors permitted.

### Prostate Cancer: Everything You Need to Know

Dr. Sven Petry, head of the urology service at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, explains what factors we should take into account regarding prostate cancer.


What is the prostate and what is its function?
The prostate is one of the internal sexual organs of men, it is located between the urinary bladder and the pelvic floor and surrounds the beginning of the urethra. Its function is the production of seminal fluid and ejaculation.
What are the main problems affecting the prostate?
The prostate tends to grow with age, can squeeze the urethra and cause problems passing urine.

The three most common problems are:

 	Inflammation (prostatitis)
 	Enlarged prostate (BPH, or benign prostatic hyperplasia)
 	Prostate cancer

Keep in mind that BPH is not related to cancer, so it does not increase your risk of prostate cancer. However, the symptoms of BPH and prostate cancer may be similar.

 
What are the symptoms of prostate disorders?
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH): The prostate can press on the bladder and urethra. This can block the flow of urine, and even make it difficult to start the flow of urine. They may also feel like they need to urinate all the time or wake up several times at night with a sudden urge to urinate. Rezum is an innovative, effective, safe and minimally invasive technique that is performed with water vapor to treat BPH.

Prostatitis is an acute  inflammation of the prostate gland that can result from a bacterial infection. Its symptoms are high fever, pain when urinating or ejaculating. Because of the swelling of the prostate, it may also show the same symptoms as with BPH.

Prostate cancer tends to grow more slowly compared to most cancers. Cell changes can begin many years before a tumour is large enough to cause symptoms, which are similar to BPH. The more advanced the cancer, cancer cells can spread (metastasize) and cause bone pain.

 
Diagnostic tests for prostate cancer detection

 	Digital rectal exam
 	PSA (prostate-specific antigen) test
 	Semen and urine analysis
 	Urological ultrasound, flowmetry
 	Multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging

 
How is the approach to prostate pathologies carried out using laser technology?
The most common surgery for BPH is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). An instrument is passed through the urethra and the excess prostate tissue is trimmed internally to expand the urethra. However, TURP can have side effects such as bleeding, hence the advantage of using laser surgery (laser energy destroys prostate tissue by vaporization), which causes little blood loss In addition, the recovery period from laser surgery may be shorter as well and you need a hospitalization of fewer days.
What is laparoscopic surgery?
Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique and an alternative to conventional open surgery in which a small camera called a laparoscope is used to see inside the abdomen.

Instead of making large incisions, short, thin tubes (trocars) are inserted into the abdomen, using only small incisions (less than one centimetre).

Through these trocars, instruments are inserted that the surgeon uses to manipulate, cut and sew tissues.
Tips for taking care of the prostate
It is not possible to influence the main risk factors (age, hereditary predisposition ...), however, a healthy lifestyle: balanced diet, regular exercise, not smoking and moderate alcohol consumption, helps reduce the overall risk of cancer.

 How is prostate cancer detected?

Prostate cancer in its early stages does not produce symptoms, so  men should have regular screenings for early detection of prostate cancer from the age of 45.

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a protein produced by prostate cells. However, prostate cancer cells can release about 10 times the amount of PSA compared to normal prostate cells. This knowledge is used for the early detection of prostate cancer. The PSA value is determined by taking a blood sample.

Causes of prostate cancer:

 

 	 Age. Men who are age 50 or older have an increased risk of prostate cancer.
 	Race. African-American men have the highest risk of prostate cancer.
 	 Family history. Men whose fathers or brothers have had prostate cancer have a 2- or 3-fold increased risk of prostate cancer.
 	 Diet. The risk of prostate cancer may be higher for men who eat high-fat diets.

 
What treatment can be used with this type of cancer?
Active surveillance allows treatment to be postponed until the tumour is actively progressing.

As for curative treatment, it can be performed with surgery (radical prostatectomy) and radiotherapy or internal or external radiation.
What is the prostate cancer survival rate?
As long as prostate cancer is diagnosed in its early stages and has not yet metastasized, there is a very high chance that it will be curable.

Request more information in the urology service of Quirónsalud Torrevieja

 

### Traffic Offences that can Lead to Prison

Sometimes due to carelessness, or sometimes intentional disregard for the rules, it is quite common for drivers to receive a fine at the roadside, or at home, and lose several points from the driving licence, but, in some cases, traffic offences can lead to a prison sentence.

The most reckless motorists have a good chance of committing a crime against road safety, rather than just an infraction, ending up in court and being convicted, and receiving a prison sentence for their actions. Crimes are what can lead to prison.

According to the latest data published by the Ministry of the Interior, in 2020 there were 4,542 people deprived of liberty in Spain with some type of crime related to road safety. The figure represented 9% of the prison population. Of these, 1,159 had road safety as their main crime (2.3% of people in prison).



So how severe must the offence be to lead to prison?

Drug or alcohol use

Article 379.2 establishes as a crime "driving under the influence of alcoholic beverages, toxic drugs, narcotics or psychotropic substances." In the case of drugs, it is a difficult article to apply, since an objective rate is not established, as is the case with alcohol consumption.

From an administrative point of view, however, the simple presence of drugs in the body is enough to fine 1,000 euro for driving under the influence of drugs and the loss of 6 points.

Excessive alcohol consumption

Although it is widely agreed that the only safe level of alcohol before driving is zero, in Spain you can drive with a maximum of 0.25 milligrams of alcohol per litre of exhaled air (0.50 grams per litre of blood). For professional and novice drivers, the maximum rate allowed is 0.15 mg/l or 0.30 g/l.

If these limits are exceeded, the motorist will be punished with a fine and an administrative sanction, but it is considered a crime when 0.60 mg/l (expired air in the breathalyser) or 1.2 g/l (analysis of blood).

In this case, article 379 of the Penal Code establishes that the driver may be punished "with prison sentences of 3 to 6 months or a fine of 6 to 12 months or with work for the benefit of the community of 31 to 90 days and in any deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for more than one and up to four years”. If the accused accepts the facts and pleads guilty, the sentence can be reduced by a third.

Refusal to take a breathalyser or drug test

The Penal Code (article 383) punishes as the perpetrator of a crime of serious disobedience the driver who refuses to submit to alcohol or drug tests with a prison sentence of six months to one year, and deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for more than one and up to four years.

Speeding

Stepping on the accelerator more than necessary can also result in a criminal conviction, as indicated in article 379.1. Those who circulate "at a speed greater than 60 kilometres per hour on urban roads or 80 kilometres per hour on interurban roads than that permitted by regulation" will be punished, that is, 110 km/h in the case of a road with a limit of 50, or 200 km/h on a motorway, for example.

In sections with a limitation lower than the generic one, the rule is applied to the lowest; For example, on a mountain highway limited to 80 km/h, driving at 160 km/h will be considered a crime.

The punishment is similar to that of other cases: prison sentence of three to six months or a fine of six to twelve months and work for the benefit of the community of thirty-one to ninety days, in addition to the suspension of the permit of between one and four years.

Driving without a licence

There are three cases related to driving without a driver's licence. It is considered a crime to get behind the wheel after having lost all the points of the permit, but also to do so after having been provisionally or definitively deprived of the permit or licence by judicial decision, or without ever having obtained a driving licence.

For the three cases, the penalty is from 3 to 6 months or a fine from 12 to 24 months or work for the benefit of the community from 31 to 90 days.

It is important to carry your driving licence with you when driving, otherwise there may be no way of proving your authority to drive and you could find yourself arrested whilst pertinent checks are carried out.

Reckless driving

“Whoever drives a motor vehicle or a moped with manifest recklessness and puts the life or integrity of persons in concrete danger shall be punished with prison sentences of six months to two years and deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for more than one and up to six years”, says article 380.

For the most flagrant cases, article 381 criminalises reckless driving with manifest disregard for the lives of others, with prison sentences of 2 to 5 years, a fine of 12 to 24 months and deprivation of the right to drive for a period of 6 to 10 years.

Abandonment of the accident site

The last modification of the Penal Code related to road safety occurred after the approval of an organic law that typifies the "crime of abandoning the accident site", a habitual attitude on the part of some drivers in the case of hitting a cyclist or pedestrian.

If the driver who causes an accident flees, leaving a person who has suffered injuries constituting crimes, a sentence of between three and six months in prison may be imposed. If a person dies as a result of the accident (at that time or sometime later), the penalties could reach up to four years in prison.

The penalty also depends on whether the origin of the accident is fortuitous or is due, in the worst case, to a serious recklessness of the motorist, "particularly when the driver of the motor vehicle or moped drives under the influence of toxic drugs, narcotics, psychotropic substances or alcoholic beverages or speeding”. In any case, the punishments also include a ban on driving motor vehicles.

### Thank you for joining us at the events this season

On Saturday, we concluded our talks and presentations about Spanish Traffic Law in English for this year, after members of N332 have been visiting various associations, groups, and town halls to talk, primarily, about changes to Traffic Law in Spain.

If you came along, we thank you, and hope you found the talks useful. We will be resuming our schedule next year, and have just opened our calendar, so we will let you know where we will be for public talks in the New Year.

In the meantime, if you want more information on some of the topics we spoke about, here is a list of the key subjects we discussed:

Overview of changes to traffic laws in spain in 2022.

The environmental eco sticker for vehicles and Low Emmission Zones.

How environmental restrictions will get stricter.

New road traffic signs expected in 2023.

Documents you must carry in your vehicle.

Mandatory equipment you must carry in your car.

Warning triangles being replaced in Spain.

Changes for company vehicle owners from November.

Registering a foreign vehicle and converting it to Spanish number plates.

The Mi DGT mobile app.

What is a VMP (electric scooter).

Electric scooters to require mandatory insurance.

Insurance provider for electric scooters (or mobility scooters / bicycles etc).

 

We spoke about more than this list of course, these are the main points, but you can use the search bar on the menu at the top if you want to find more articles.

In addition, here is a list of some of the other websites we mentioned:

The DGT, Spain's traffic department.

The Electronic Office where company vehicle drivers, and private individuals, can register.

Live map of the road situation in Spain.

Spanish Traffic Law, the English translation.

 

Finally, despite the fact it was not our intention, as we were updating Spanish Traffic Laws, we spoke about roundabouts, as it is without doubt the most popular topic. So, here are a couple of articles for you to read about negotiating roundabouts in Spain:

Exiting Roundabouts.

 

We look forward to seeing you next time.



 

 

 

 

 

### Five Times you Must Use Headlights, Including During the Day

As the winter nights get longer and darker, we inevitably use our headlights more than in the summer, but in Spain, there are also times when headlights are mandatory during the day.

Before we explain five situations where headlights are required, it is also important to note that modern cars have lights which automatically illuminate during the day. These are called Daytime Running Lights, and their point is to make the vehicle more visible to other road users, especially the more vulnerable. However, in the situations where headlights are required, which includes at night and in poor visibility, Daytime Running Lights are not enough. We must use headlights.

Daytime Running Lights

The reason for this is that, as we have mentioned, is that Daytime Running Lights are used to illuminate the vehicle, they are not adequate in illuminating the road in front of us, or where we are heading. In addition, generally, Daytime Running Lights only illuminate at the front of the vehicle, whereas we must also provide lights at the back, red lights, so that other road users can see us from behind.

Dipped Headlights

Some cars also have an “auto” setting for headlights. This can make things easier in many ways, but it does mean that your lights will not illuminate in certain situations where it is mandatory, so make sure you know how to use your lights and override the automatic setting so that you can turn them on.

And so, at night, in poor visibility, and in the situations we are going to explain, you must use your headlights, in their normal “dipped” beam setting. Again, this is the normal setting for your headlights, so not full beam, where the blue light illuminates on the dashboard, just the normal headlight setting, and not Position Lights, which just provide minimal illumination.

Specifically, these are the five cases in which, according to the DGT, it is mandatory to wear dipped headlights:

 	Between sunset and sunrise: the General Circulation Regulations stipulate that “all vehicles that circulate between sunset and sunrise must have their lights on”. This of course makes sense, but it is important that, as we have said, we use headlights.
 	In tunnels: when entering the interior of the tunnel, underpasses or sections marked with the Tunnel sign (S-5), whether during the day or at night, it is mandatory to activate the dipped beam headlights. In the event of a breakdown or incident inside a tunnel, turn off the engine and also turn on the hazard lights and position lights to indicate your position.
 	In special lanes, reversible or in the opposite direction, contraflows. Traffic in special lanes is reserved for certain vehicles and speeds of 80 km/h cannot be exceeded. Reversible lanes are traffic lanes that are opened at the entrances to large cities on highways and motorways. In these cases, and in the enabled lanes in the opposite direction, dipped headlights are mandatory day and night. The fine for failing to comply with the Regulation amounts to 200 euro.
 	In weather or environmental conditions of poor visibility. If it rains, snows, hails, there is fog or clouds of smoke or dust, turning on the lights is a priority. In these conditions our own visibility will be better and other road users will see us better than if we only use Daytime Running Lights. The driver who does not activate the dipped headlights may be sanctioned with a fine of 200 euro.
 	On motorcycles. Article 104 of the General Circulation Regulations states that "motorcycles traveling on any road covered by the legislation on traffic, motor vehicle circulation and road safety must have the short-range or dipped light on during the day." If the stipulations are not fulfilled, the driver faces a fine of 200 euro and the withdrawal of three points from the licence.

It is also mandatory to use headlights anywhere you see the blue circular sign indicating this. This sign is technically known as R-413, alumbrado de corto alcance.

S-5 Tunnel

Headlights Mandatory

### Why are ITV Stickers Different Colours?

The ITV sticker is a visual representation that a vehicle has passed the mandatory technical inspection, and also indicates when the next ITV test is due.



Its official name, as established in the General Vehicle Regulations, is 'Distintivo de inspección técnica periódica del vehículo' and it has code number, V-19.

These stickers come in three different colours: green, yellow and red. Each tonality corresponds to a different year, in which the inspection of each vehicle expires. This makes it easier for traffic officers to identify current stickers at the roadside.

The order of these colours was set in 1999, the first year these badges were used in this order: green, yellow, and red. Transferred to the present, the ITVs that expire in 2022, in 2025 and in 2028 are green; yellow corresponds to those that expire in the years 2023, 2026 and 2029 and red to those that must be passed again in 2024, 2027 and 2030.



In addition to the colour of the sticker, the bandge also includes other information. The number of the year in which the technical inspection of the vehicle expires is printed in figures (to reinforce the colour information) and the box of the month in which the next revision must be carried out is marked. The number of the station that carried out the inspection and the Autonomous Community to which it belongs also appear.

It is mandatory to display the ITV sticker and you can be fined if you don’t. The V-19 sticker must be clearly visible on the front windscreen of the vehicle. Specifically, in the upper right corner (looking out) so as not to reduce the driver's visibility. It is also important that only the valid stickers is displayed. You must remove previous, expired stickers.

In the case of motorcycles, which also have to pass the ITV test and display the sticker, it must be displayed in a visible location.

In the event of you needing a replacement, in such a circumstance as having to replace your windscreen, for example, you should visit the issuing ITV station, with your documentation, and they will be able to issue a replacement sticker.

### Woman Knocked Down and Killed after Minor Collision

A 28-year-old woman was killed on Tuesday when she was run over by another vehicle whilst she was trying to signal that her vehicle had been involved in a minor collision on the M-40 ring road, in the municipality of Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid).

Having suffered the minor incident, the woman put on her high-visibility vest, and left her vehicle to signal the scene of the collision, when a third vehicle struck her, according to the emergency services.

The fire service had to attend to free the body of the woman, who was trapped under the vehicle, before medical staff could only confirm her death.

An investigation is being carried out by the Guardia Civil, but this sort of incident is precisely the reason why warning triangles are being phased out in Spain, being replaced by flashing orange lights which affix to the highest point of the vehicle, thus reducing the risk of the affected driver having to walk in traffic.

### More Than Half of Sanctioned Drivers Did Not Have Valid ITV

In the most recent campaign that focussed on safety conditions of vehicles on the roads of Spain, a total of 237,565 vehicles were checked by the Guardia Civil.

Of these, 10,894 drivers were sanctioned for different reasons, among which not having the ITV in force stands out. 56% of the complaints filed (6,137 complaints out of a total of 10,962) were for this infraction.

If we take into account the complaints filed for this reason depending on the type of vehicle, this percentage rises to a worrying 65% in the case of vans and up to 61% in passenger cars. On the contrary, only 8.5% of the buses and 28% of the trucks controlled did not have the ITV in force.

Among the most committed infractions, the second position is occupied by complaints due to the poor condition of the tyres, with 793, followed by those filed for not having the documentation, either of the vehicle or the driver, or by other infractions related to number plates or lighting.

In the case of vans and trucks, the agents also controlled infractions related to cargo conditioning (62 vans and 113 trucks sanctioned) or excess weight (33 vans and 110 trucks sanctioned), and tachograph manipulation was controlled in both trucks and buses, something for which 18 trucks but no buses were sanctioned.

In addition, a total of 92 vehicles were immobilised for various reasons because the conditions of the vehicles which were considered as not meeting the minimum guarantees for safety.

### New Spanish Road Signs for 2023

A number of new Spanish road signs are being added to the official catalogue, which will gradually be rolled out across the road network in Spain in 2023.

The new traffic signs are expected to reach the traffic regulations in mid-2023, with the entry into force of a royal decree that has been prepared by the Ministries of Transport and Interior and the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT).

Fortunately, the new signs are graphic depictions of what they represent, so their intention and warning should be fairly clear to everyone who sees them, but we will still tell you what each of the new road signs depicts.

Some of the signs have just been updated, such as replacing a steam locomotive on the sign warning of the proximity of a level crossing without barriers, which will have a high-speed locomotive facing the driver. It is also intended to modernise some of the pictograms and eliminate "gender connotations".

The signal before a pedestrian crossing will also be different, like the 'stop' signal, with new measurements and shapes for its letters, as well as a new sign warning of the possibility of wild boars crossing the road.

In the same way, the new mobility (and the risks and regulations that it entails) releases its own graphics: for example, the sign that expressly prohibits the passage of electric scooters is born.

The draft of the royal decree is already written, but its arrival in Congress, the possibility of amendments, the approval of the Senate and the return to the general courts are ahead.

So, at this stage, they still remain as proposals, rather than definitive, but let us look at the new road signs we will expect to see in 2023, with their descriptions below each, along with their Official Catalogue of Road Signs reference.

P-8

P‐8. Danger due to the proximity of a level crossing not provided with barriers or semi-barriers (pictogram replaced by a more modern train).

P-20a

P‐20a. Danger due to the proximity of one or more pedestrian crossings (slight design change).

P-21a

P‐21a. Danger due to the proximity of a place frequented by children, such as a school, a playground, etc (the little girl now leads the way).

P-21b

P‐21b. Danger due to the proximity of a place frequented by the elderly, such as a centre dedicated to the elderly, a residence, etc.

P-22a

P‐22a. Danger due to the proximity of one or several crossings for cyclists.

P-24a

P‐24a. Danger due to the proximity of a place where the road can frequently be crossed by animals roaming freely, a very significant proportion of which are wild boars.

P-33

P-33. Danger due to the proximity of a section in which driving is frequently hampered by a notable loss of visibility due to fog, rain, snow, smoke, etc.

P-35

P‐35. Danger due to the proximity of a section between a confluence and a fork where different lane change movements are produced by vehicles, crossing their paths and therefore increasing the risk of collisions.

R-2

R‐2. Obligation for all drivers to stop their vehicle at the next stop line (new lettering).

R-118

R-118. Prohibition of access to personal mobility vehicles.

R-120

R‐120. Prohibition of access to vehicles based on their environmental label or other established environmental criteria. The conditions will be specified on an S-860 supplemental panel or on a sign that includes the pictogram.

R-422

R-422. Obligation for cycle users to continue on foot. If such obligation is limited to certain periods, it will be indicated by means of a supplementary panel.

S-1b

S‐1b. Indicates the beginning of a multilane road and, therefore, the place from which the special traffic rules apply to this type of road. This sign may indicate the branch of a junction leading to a multilane road.

S-1c

S‐1c. Indicates the beginning of a 2+1 road, that is, one that has three traffic lanes and allows traffic in both directions. The central lane is intended to facilitate overtaking manoeuvres, being alternately reserved for both directions of traffic. This sign can also indicate the branch of a junction that leads to a 2+1 road.

 

Other new road signs have already been featured, including those for electric vehicles, as well as a detailed explanation of how the environmental Eco Stickers work.

### Rules for Towing Large Trailers

Trailers can offer us the ability to carry larger loads than we would otherwise be able to in a passenger car, but they are not without their own set of rules.

Before we get into the details however, we need to know that trailers are categorised in two groups, which we will explain shortly, but when we are referring to larger trailers, we must also include caravans.

The two types of trailers are determined according to their Maximum Authorised Mass (MMA). On the one hand, there are light trailers (MMA less than or equal to 750 kg) and, on the other hand, the non-light ones (MMA greater than 750 kg), which we are referring to as larger trailers, and which will include not only those designed for carrying goods, but also caravans and catering vans, as an example.

In the case of towing a trailer with less than 750 kg of MMA, things are a lot simpler. Of course, we need a towbar fitted to the vehicle and this must be an approved type, but other than that, we do not have to worry about any paperwork, so long as our driving licence is valid for category B vehicles.

On the other hand, if the trailer has an MMA greater than 750 kg, which is what we want to explain in more detail in this article, there are certain procedures to need to be carried out.

According to the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), if you do not have the category B+E permit on your driving licence, it is necessary to obtain a B96 permit, which we will cover in more detail below. This is not a licence, it is an authorisation that must be requested in order to be allowed to carry trailers of this weight, provided that the set of the trailer and towing vehicle combined does not exceed 4,250 kg. In the event that it exceeds this weight, the regulations request the B+E permit.

In the same way, the trailer must be registered and display a unique identifying red number plate on the back, as well as the number plate of the vehicle that is towing it. Also, if our trailer is categorised as 'not light', it is necessary to have double insurance and ITV. Although we already have compulsory insurance for the car that tows it, it is also mandatory to have specific insurance for the trailer as well. You must also carry the documents with you.

It is important to have all these papers in order, as not complying would result in t a fine. In fact, the penalty that the DGT can impose for driving without insurance ranges from 600 to 3,000 euro, which can vary depending on the circumstances or the type of vehicle.

Irrespective of the size of trailer, the vehicle must also be suitable for being able to tow it.

Another seemingly minor point that is often overlooked by drivers towing a trailer it that it is also mandatory to carry a fire extinguisher. This rule applies irrespective of the size or type of trailer we are towing.

WHAT IS THE B96 PERMIT?

Driving with a trailer requires paying special attention to how we drive. The weight and the additional load greatly influence the behaviour of the vehicle and some manoeuvres, such as reversing, are more complicated if we have a trailer or caravan.

This is why it is necessary to have a special permit, such as the B96. As we have mentioned, the MMA (Maximum Authorised Mass) determines the type of driving licence or authorisation that we need to legally transport a trailer.

As we have mentioned, if you have a B+E category driving licence, you do not need the B96.

The requirements for the B96 are to be at least 18 years old, have obtained a B driving licence and pass some practical driving tests. These practical driving tests consist of driving with a trailer while performing certain manoeuvres.

Since the B96 authorisation is a complement to the class B driving licence, it is not necessary to take a theory test, the B license is sufficient in this regard. Simply, some practical tests that guarantee our ability to drive with a trailer will be enough.

There are two parts to the test, in the first part will check your standard driving skills, as well as knowledge of traffic law and signs, whilst you are towing the trailer in a real situation. The second part of the test is to check on your ability to carry out certain manoeuvres. This part is conducted on a closed circuit.

It is not strictly necessary to go to the driving school to obtain training for the B96, but it is advisable to do so. The reason is that it is very good to gain ease driving with the trailer hooked up and then be able to pass the practical tests without problems.

The bad news is that the whole process can be costly, as the price, including training and test fees, as well as administration, works out on average of between 450 and 600 euro.

Remember also that the B96 is complementary to the B licence and that it allows us to drive with a trailer if it exceeds 750 kg of MMA. But, if the MMA of the set of vehicles you are going to drive exceeds 4,250 kg, you will need the B+E licence, which allows us to carry up to a set of vehicles of up to 7,000 kg. To obtain this licence, it is necessary to pass a theoretical exam and two practical exams.

### Places it is Forbidden to Overtake

Overtaking is one of the most dangerous manoeuvres in vehicle traffic and therefore safety measures must be taken to avoid generating a risk for the driver and third parties.

You might remember from previous articles that there used to be a rule whereas in certain circumstances it was permitted to exceed the maximum permitted speed limit when overtaking. This was to reduce the amount of time that the manoeuvre took, but as that also meant increasing your speed heading towards oncoming traffic, it was deemed a dangerous practice, and that rule was withdrawn in 2022. Now, the maximum permitted speed on any road is exactly that, a maximum.

Overtaking is regulated in the Reglamento General de Circulación, between articles 82 to 89, and in the Tráfico, Circulación de Vehículos a Motor y Seguridad Vial, between articles 32 to 37.

Each year, in Spain, there are more than 2,500 incidents with victims as a result of irregular overtaking, so it is important that we know the rules.

Hopefully you are already aware that overtaking is prohibited when a solid white line is present in the carriageway separating the flow of traffic. There is an exception in that you are permitted to cross this line in order to give cyclists or pedestrians the minimum separation distance when passing, but you may only do this when no vehicles are approaching from the opposite direction.

There may also be signs which tell you overtaking is prohibited on a stretch of road.

However, there are other places where overtaking is not permitted, even where signs and signals do not indicate the prohibition. They are largely in places of poor visibility.

For this reason, overtaking is prohibited in places where, due to lack of visibility, this manoeuvre is particularly dangerous: on curves and gradients without visibility, behind a large vehicle that is overtaking, at level crossings and pedestrians, at some intersections, and tunnels.

In curves and elevation changes without visibility, the driver does not have an adequate view of the road and may encounter another car traveling in the opposite direction, which greatly increases the danger of overtaking.

Behind an overtaking truck we also have a visibility problem because of the volume of the vehicle we are following. At level crossings and surroundings, the risk of a tram or train passing without the driver having enough time to react increases. At the same time, the lateral visibility of the overtaking vehicle is reduced.

Also, at junctions and their proximities, the vehicle you are passing cannot see cars or motorcycles approaching. In pedestrian crossings, the vision of a possible pedestrian crossing is lost, which increases the risk of being run over.

Finally, in tunnels or underpasses with traffic in both directions, overtaking is prohibited, unless there is more than one lane for the direction of the overtaking vehicle.

### Electric Scooters Will Require Mandatory Insurance

The head of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), Pere Navarro, has once again confirmed that electric scooters will have to have mandatory insurance, although is not yet able to give a date when this will be enforced.

Navarro explained that the DGT is currently finalising the details of this requirement, with a working group studying whether the insurance should be associated with the personal mobility vehicle or its driver. In the first case, which would be a similar situation to other vehicles, it would be necessary to create a registry at the municipal level for the control of this means of transport, which could entail registration. The other option is for the user to take out civil liability insurance for the amount determined.

The head of the DGT has recognised that scooters are a reality in the mobility of cities that must be managed while stressing that they are strictly prohibited from circulating on pavements and pedestrian areas. Thus, he has appealed to "social pressure" to help veto this type of uncivil conduct. Navarro also considers that these vehicles are more dangerous than bicycles because they have smaller wheels and the driver rides standing up, which reduces driving stability.

In Valladolid alone, where Navarro was speaking, there has already been 129 scooter incidents registered this year so far, resulting in 70 injuries.

At the moment, until it becomes mandatory, insurance is a recommendation for users of these personal mobility vehicles, the most common of which is the electric scooter. There are already numerous cases of collisions and incidents resulting in court cases due to the lack of insurance, and if the scooter user is considered the liable party, all damages and costs must be paid for out of their own pocket, whereas with insurance, it is a much simpler and cheaper option.

Ibex Insurance have become experts in advising on the best course of action for insuring these vehicles, so if you have one and are looking to insure it, you can give their Quesada office a call (irrespective of where you are based), where they have extensive knowledge relating to these vehicles.

We are talking about personal mobility vehicles such as electric scooters, not those used by people with reduced mobility. There are no plans to force mobility scooter users to have insurance, although, again, it is advisable, and Ibex Insurance can also offer options for this, should you consider it.

You can speak to Ibex Insurance, in English, at their Quesada office, on 966 719 951 or 689 157 075, email them at quesada@ibexinsure.com, or find out more on their website, https://www.ibexinsure.com/office/quesada-16

### An Easier Way of Dealing with Abandoned Vehicles

A problem that all towns and cities in Spain seem to suffer from, is the blight of abandoned cars, especially on public roads, and whereas there has always been a procedure to deal with these vehicles, the DGT has just made to whole process a lot simpler, which they hope will assist in the removal of around 100,000 abandoned vehicles.

This nuisance, which is also considered harmful attitude to the environment, will benefit from an instruction published by the DGT that will allow them to be removed more quickly, even those found on private properties, which until now were outside of any type of legislation.

Until now, to destroy a vehicle or to pass it into public ownership for use in surveillance and traffic control services, a tedious civil process had to be followed, which on many occasions took too long. Now, with this administrative process, everything will be easier, including its destruction in an authorised scrap yard.

The new instruction is clear. In the event that they are variegated there are three options. When the vehicle spends two months in a municipal deposit and the owner has not made an allegation.

It will also become part of the scrapyard or public services when its abandonment is certified by being parked for more than a month in the same place, it presents damage that prevents its movement, or it does not have registration plates.

In the case of a damaged vehicle on private property, it will be the owner of the vehicle who requests the scrapping by providing the document to the DGT to avoid being sanctioned.

In the event that the vehicle is not faulty, the terms are extended, but at least there will be a guarantee for the owners of establishments and private venues.

If the vehicle is in a public parking lot, it can be removed after six months without being claimed.

In the case of private venues, it will be necessary to consider whether it meets any of the above requirements to comply with the withdrawal.

More complex will be in a garage of a community of neighbours. It will be necessary to consult different horizontal property regulations and assess the possible risk of the vehicle for the integrity of the others and the building.

To all these terms, one month of notification to the owner will be added. With this communication, either at the electronic road address, at the address or at the BOE, the State will justify the actions carried out on the vehicle that will be considered abandoned.

### When should you see a doctor after a breast self-examination?

Dr. Antonio Brugarolas is one of the most well-known oncology specialists at a national level, trained in the United States, he has been leading the Oncology Platform of the Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital for more than twenty years. On the occasion of World Breast Cancer Day, Dr. Brugarolas looks at factors that cause the appearance of tumours and explains when to go to the doctor.

 

In what situations should a doctor be consulted?

 

It is essential that women carry out a breast self-examination and go to a specialist doctor when they notice any anomaly, a hardening, a visible change, alterations of the areola-nipple, or axillary thickening.

Tumours are usually painless while benign cysts and fibroadenomas can be painful.

 

The first mammogram: when is it recommended?

There are two keys to controlling the disease: improving your lifestyle in a healthy way and detecting the tumour when it is still less than 1-2 cm in size.

In tumours smaller than 2 cm, the cure of the disease is almost universally achieved, for this reason, check-ups (health and self-examination) have proven to be effective in controlling mortality.

 

The established clinical recommendation was to perform the first mammogram/ultrasound at age 40 and then every two years until age 50. From this moment on, annual controls are recommended until the age of 75.

When there is a family history, it can be carried out even before the age of 30.

 

When is it necessary to perform a mastectomy?

 

The presence of axillary metastases indicates that chemotherapy/specific combination therapy should be indicated first before surgery. For example, a tumour of less than 1 cm is cured with a surgical intervention that allows the breast to be preserved. In these cases, it is almost never necessary to give complementary chemotherapy to prevent metastases.

During the operation, a sentinel lymph node biopsy is performed and if it does not show metastasis, the cure rate is very high. When axillary metastases are present, radiation therapy to the axilla and remaining breast is always given. If mastectomy is performed, it is not necessary to irradiate the breast, but when the breast is conserved, postoperative radiotherapy must be given.

At Quirónsalud Torrevieja, there is a portable accelerator located in the operating room that allows a single dose of radiotherapy to be administered during the operation and to avoid subsequent radiotherapy treatment, which lasts about three weeks. On the other hand, in cases where mastectomy is performed, early breast reconstruction and symmetry is considered.

 

 

Can you live with metastatic breast cancer?

 

Fortunately, there are effective treatments that can provide years of quality life. Advances in molecular biology have produced excellent treatments.

In 2021 and 2022, exceptional results have been obtained with targeted drugs targeting new tumour genes. These drugs, defined by tumour genetics, constitute the so-called precision medicine or personalized cancer treatment.

 

Immunotherapy and breast cancer: what does it consist of?

 

Immunotherapy includes drugs aimed at boosting antitumor immunity, vaccines to generate a specific antitumor response, and genetic engineering approaches that modify a patient's cells to provide a specific response. However, no vaccines or genetically engineered cells have yet been developed for breast cancer, which are emerging techniques that have already begun to be used in other tumours.

Immunotherapy with drugs that release checkpoints (PD1, PDL1 and CTLA) serve to enhance antitumor immunity and has been developed especially in adult solid tumours. It consists of the intravenous administration of drugs every 2-4 weeks, for 2 or more years, and which can already be administered as preventive in some triple negative breast tumours.

Immunotherapy in breast cancer is very effective in some triple negative tumours and in another group of tumours of the Luminal B lineage with a favourable immunological genetic profile for antitumor immunotherapy. In these cases, it is administered in preoperative guidelines in early cases because it enhances healing.

The combination of immunotherapy with conventional chemotherapy, with radiotherapy and with precision drugs enhances its efficacy and improves the response rate, as well as survival. There is still no conclusive data and more time is needed to be able to accurately specify the results obtained.

 

What is intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT)?

 

It is a high-precision irradiation technique in which a single, high dose of radiotherapy is administered to the surgical tumour bed, during a surgical intervention.

The purpose of IORT treatments is to reduce the risk of tumour recurrence, increase local tumour control and therefore patient survival. "This technique, when performed during the surgical intervention, allows direct visualization of the area to be treated, avoiding unnecessary irradiation of the surrounding healthy tissues, and therefore reducing possible side effects", explains Dr. Rosa María Cañón, Radiation Oncologist Chironsalud Torrevieja.

IORT has been used in the treatment of different malignant tumours.

In the last two decades, there has been an important development in the application of IORT for the treatment of patients with breast cancer, in which in certain cases of early breast tumours, IORT can be administered during breast tumour surgery as the total radiotherapy dose, thereby eliminating all external radiotherapy sessions.

The 'one step' therapy, for patients with early breast cancer, who meet the appropriate criteria, allows all the local treatment to be performed in the same breast tumour surgery: removal of the tumour and the sentinel node, full-dose irradiation, and, if necessary oncoplastic reconstruction. IORT treatment only prolongs surgery by about 30 minutes and eliminates all external radiotherapy sessions.

 

Mobetrón, a great revolution

 

The Oncology Platform of the Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital has a MOBETRON® mobile accelerator (Unique in Spain), developed in the United States (Intraop Medical, California), installed in one of the operating rooms, with which to perform IORT treatments.

At Quirónsalud Torrevieja, IORT treatments have been administered since 2004, within multidisciplinary programs that include, in addition to surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, hormonal therapy, external radiotherapy. "From then until now we have treated tumours of different origin and location with IORT, with a large percentage and dedication to breast tumours," confirms Dr. Rosa Cañón.

The Radiotherapy Oncology department of the Oncology Platform, as well as the rest of the specialists mentioned and involved, have extensive experience in the indication and administration of IORT treatments in the tumours where it is applied.

 

 

### Modernising the Road Network

With the aim of reducing road traffic incidents, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) continues to tighten restrictions. By the year 2026, the DGT wants to have total control of all the vehicles that circulate on Spanish roads.

To do this, it will create a platform that will record the data of all vehicles. Cars, trucks, buses and motorcycles will have to connect to the platform, which will record data such as the position they are in or the speed at which they are traveling. The DGT explains that this measure will be established not to control people, but vehicles.

In addition to position and speed, the new system will also be able to access more information about the vehicles: the number of people inside, if any of the passengers is smoking ... One of the new regulations that the DGT wants to apply in a near future is the prohibition of smoking inside the car if children or pregnant women travel.

The system will allow access to the location of the vehicle in real time. In this way, in the event of an incident, the emergency services will be able to act more quickly. In addition, by recording the speed and other data of the vehicles, it will help to clarify the causes of the incident.

Although everything seems to be advantages, the new total control that the DGT wants to have over vehicles from the year 2026 is of particular concern to drivers with regard to their privacy. But the body is willing to move forward, and from this 2022 it will begin to perfect the platform so that it is ready in 2026.

### Buying a Second-Hand Vehicle in Spain

If you are going to buy a second-hand vehicle, you should take into account a series of recommendations that the DGT advise in order to carry out the process avoiding problems.

Image by Denis Belkin from Pixabay

Buying/selling a vehicle can be complicated. To make sure you carry out the transaction in the simplest and safest way possible, the DGT advise you to follow their guidelines.

The first point they makes is that after signing the purchase contract, you are obliged to make the change of ownership of the vehicle within a period of 30 days.

A vehicle in a situation temporarily deregistered, without local taxes up to date, or with pending fines cannot be transferred.

In the event of donation, inheritance or divorce, if you want to change the ownership of a vehicle but you are not going to buy it, but rather that it comes from a donation, inheritance or as a result of a divorce or separation, the steps you have to follow are slightly different.

When buying a second-hand vehicle:

Check the general condition of the vehicle

You can request a detailed report of the vehicle from the DGT, in which you will find information that may be interesting when buying a vehicle, both at the administrative or judicial level, such as data about the validity of the technical inspection (ITV), including the repairs and revisions that are carried out by the workshops attached to the digital maintenance or workshop book.

It is better to have the vehicle checked by a professional, but if this is not possible, you can check the most important points yourself:

Check its condition outside and in daylight: paint, bumps, signs of a previous serious accident.

Open the bonnet: check the oil and the timing belt.

Check that the tyres are the same as the ones that appear on the technical inspection card and that their tread is at least 1.6 mm deep.

Push the car sideways hard to check the damping.

Enter the car and check that the seat belts, seat adjustment and door locks are all working properly.

Insert the ignition key and press all the switches to check that they work correctly and that any warning lights illuminate.

Start the car: confirm that the pedals do not have too much play and press the brake pedal fully for 20 seconds: if it does not return to its initial position, the circuit is leaking. The wheels must respond to steering wheel turns with no slack.

Take a road test of the car. First, let the seller drive and try to detect possible sounds that may be a sign of failure. Then drive it and check that the car has no problems.

When in doubt, it's best to ask the seller to let a mechanic verify that it's in good condition before you sign for it.

Check the vehicle is transferable and free from charges

To make this task easier for you, we advise you to request a reduced report on the condition of the vehicle from the DGT. This free report offers information that allows you to confirm the correct identification of the vehicle, check if the vehicle is registered and information on whether there is any incident, load or impediment when driving that could affect the vehicle.

If in the reduced report you see that the vehicle had any incident, we advise you to request a detailed report or go to a traffic office before continuing with the purchase.

In the event that the vehicle is temporarily deregistered, before making the transfer, the owner of the vehicle (the seller) must register the vehicle.

Possible issues:

Circulation Tax of the previous year paid. A vehicle without local taxes up to date cannot be transferred.

Possible penalties imposed for paid vehicle violations. A vehicle with penalties cannot be transferred.

Free from any disposition limitation that was registered in the Movable Assets Registry, except with the express consent of the Finance Company or subrogation by the buyer.

Free of embargoes and seals. If the vehicle has an embargo or a seal, you must be informed of it and if you are satisfied with the situation, in order to make the purchase, you must sign a document indicating that you are aware of said situation.

Sign a sales contract

It is important that you sign a sales contract, the following information must appear as a minimum:

Buyer data: Name and surnames or business name and your DNI/NIE/CIF.

Seller data: Name and surnames or company name and your DNI/NIE/CIF.

Vehicle data: Make, model and registration plate.

Purchase price.

Date and time the contract is signed (the time is as important as the date).

Do not forget that the contract must be signed by both the buyer and the seller on each of the pages that make it up.

You can download a sample Vehicle Sales Contract that you can use from our Documents page. Click here.

Pay or settle tax

You must justify the payment, exemption or non-subjection of the Property Transfer Tax (IPT), model 620 or model 621, as appropriate, in the autonomous community in which you have your fiscal domicile. In almost all the Autonomous Communities you can do it easily and electronically.

Apply for change of ownership with the DGT

Remember that you have a period of 30 days from the signing of the contract to transfer the vehicle.

This can be done online, via the virtual office on the DGT website, or face-to-face in one of their offices, for which you will need an appointment, and to be able to speak Spanish.

Remember to check the ITV validity

If the vehicle you just bought has an expired ITV, you will not be able to drive with it, so to carry out the corresponding inspection you must take it to the ITV station of your choice by mounting it on a tow truck or similar means authorised for its transport.

### How to Obtain Duplicate Vehicle Documents

Vehicle documents such as the ficha técnica de la ITV or the permiso de circulación are unique documents that allow you to identify your vehicle among all the others. That is why it is essential that, in case of loss, you obtain a duplicate as soon as possible. If you drive with an undocumented vehicle, you will be fined.



When you buy a car, whether new or second-hand, you are required to carry two documents in your vehicle if you are going to drive with it:

El permiso de circulación.

La ficha técnica de la Inspección Técnica de Vehículos (ITV).

You are also required to carry the ITV report, if your vehicle has one.

The permiso de circulación is a mandatory document shared by the countries of the European Union and that every vehicle receives when it is registered. It contains, among other information, the car's registration number, the date of registration and issue, the make of the vehicle and the type, and type of fuel.

In order for the permiso de circulación to be valid, it must be presented together with the ficha técnica de la Inspección Técnica de Vehículos (ITV). It is also a mandatory document that certifies that your vehicle is suitable for driving on Spanish roads by complying with the necessary technical approvals.

If any of these two documents are lost, stolen or damaged, you must request a duplicate from the DGT as soon as possible since you cannot drive without them or, otherwise, you will be fined.

How to request duplicate vehicle documents?

If your car papers have been stolen or lost, you must first go to the police station to report it as these documents can be used fraudulently. One of the reasons documents are sometimes stolen from vehicles is to 'make up' a stolen car in another country, for example. With the stolen documentation they create a false number plate and thus try to sell the vehicle in another geographical area.

Once you have notified the Police and your insurance (they must be informed in case someone commits a crime with your vehicle’s documents), you can proceed to apply online, by phone or in person for the replacements.

To do this, you need:

Fill out the duplicate request form.

Identify yourself with your ID.

Pay the fees.

From here, it should take about two weeks for the document to arrive at your home. Remember, you cannot drive without the documents though, although there is a way of driving whilst you wait if your documents are available in the 'miDGT' app.

If you want to request the ITV card you will have to go to an ITV station or, if your car is registered after May 2016, you can request the electronic ITV through the DGT website.

If you do not want to risk losing your documents, you can obtain a certified copy from a notary, taking your originals to them to be processed, or, as mentioned, through the 'miDGT' app, where you can consult all the documentation for your vehicle, in addition to your driving licence, on your mobile.

For more information, the full procedure, and access to the electronic office to submit an application for lost documents, visit the DGT website, https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/vehiculos/duplicados-renovaciones/permiso-circulacion/index.shtml#

 

### Reminder for Company Vehicle Drivers

We have reported this before, but as the deadline is fast approaching, it is worth reminding company vehicle owners of changes that affect them from 1 November 2022.

From 1 November 2022, the traffic department will no longer issue sanctions to company vehicle drivers through the post. Instead, they will notify the drivers electronically only.

For the legal eagles, this change is in accordance with the provisions of article 14 of Law 39/2015, of October 1 and, in this same line as of November 1, which states that company registered vehicles drivers must provide an Dirección Electrónica Vial (DEV), or Electronic Address, based on the provisions of article 60 of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety, Ley de Tráfico, Circulación de Vehículos a Motor y Seguridad Vial.

For this, all legal entities, or long-term users of a company vehicle, must have a DEV before that date, and they must provide an email and/or a mobile phone in order to receive the notices of the availability of the notifications that they may have pending. To register with the DEV, it is only necessary to have a valid digital certificate.

If this is not done, the General Directorate of Traffic will automatically assign a DEV to the company, which will receive traffic notifications electronically. When the ex officio assignment is made, the DGT will not be able to send the notices of the pending notifications to the email or mobile phone since it will not have these data, but the notification will still be available in the DEV mailbox, which must be accessed periodically to check for pending notifications.

Let us emphasise one important point. This ruling ONLY affects drivers of vehicles registered to a company. It does not affect the drivers of private cars. However, drivers of private cars can voluntarily register to receive notifications by electronic means. It will only be mandatory for drivers of vehicles registered to companies.

WHAT IS THE DEV?

The Dirección Electrónica Vial (DEV) is an electronic mailbox in which any person, natural or legal, can register to receive traffic notifications and notices and incidents related to administrative authorisations that the DGT must send electronically and with the same legal effects as the paper notification.

Registration is voluntary for individuals, as we mentioned before, but mandatory for Legal Persons who, as of November 1, will no longer receive paper notifications and will only be notified electronically through the DEV.

### Low Emission Zones Will Become More Restrictive

Throughout this year, we have mentioned Low Emission Zones or Zonas de Bajas Emisiones (ZBE). They are already present in some larger cities such as Madrid and Barcelona, but the law was approved in 2021 that dictates that all Spanish towns and cities with more than 50,000 inhabitants must introduce ZBE zones before the end of this year, as reflected in the Law on Climate Change and Energy Transition.



In the province of Alicante, Alcoy, Alicante, Benidorm, Elche, Elda, Orihuela, San Vicente del Raspeig, and Torrevieja, are all legally obliged to create ZBEs before the end of this year, and whereas some have started the process, others haven´t even began, with just 2 months to go before implementation.

The objective of these ZBE? To restrict and limit the circulation of vehicles to reduce the polluting footprint in cities. The local council of each city will have the power to adjust its own ZBE to its needs and tastes, although the latest Traffic Law allows a common penalty (200 euro) for all those who fail to comply with the conditions of access and circulation.

In addition, the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and Demographic Challenge published in the BOE a document of "public information period" in which they were already beginning to talk about a national regulation of these ZBE in Spain. And it is this document that should be of most concern to vehicles with label C (and B).

Vehicles are categorised in Spain by the DGT based on their year of registration. The most polluting vehicles, those in category A, do not have the right to a label. On the other side of the coin are the vehicles with the Zero label, the blue one, which do not have any type of restriction in the case of Low Emission Zones and in the case of anti-pollution protocols in cities.

In an intermediate place is the label C, coloured green. This category includes passenger cars and light vans with a petrol engine registered after January 2006, as well as diesel vehicles registered since September 2015. They are purely combustion vehicles, placed one step above those with the B label.

In the already existing ZBEs of Madrid and Barcelona, ​​for example, they have a different treatment, although in the Spanish capital these ZBE areas have been operating for longer. In the Central District of Madrid, vehicles with a C label can only access if they are going to park in a public car park. On the other hand, in the District of Plaza Elíptica and in the ZBE of Barcelona they do not have any type of limitation… at the moment.

In the same way, the new ZBEs that affect the other 147 affected cities in Spain will not target vehicles with a C (or B) label in the short term, but rather those without the right to a label, the most polluting. However, the Government document to impose a single framework on ZBEs stated the following: ZBEs “will primarily affect vehicles with the most polluting potential, such as vehicles A, and, progressively, vehicles B and C”.

As you can see, vehicles with a C label are already in the spotlight, although it is to be hoped that, at the very least, nothing will happen to them in next few years. First, however, vehicles labelled B should be affected.

### Getting Motor Fuel Can Lead to Problems If We’re Not Careful

Getting motor fuel can sometimes be a confusing situation, especially if we are not used to the car we are driving, the first thing to consider is do you feel petrol or diesel, but there are other considerations we must take into account, because if we don’t, we could be facing a fine.

If we look at traffic law, specifically article 115 of the Reglamento de Circulación, with its point 3, in which it says:

“To load fuel into the tank of a vehicle, it must be with the engine stopped. The owners of fuel distribution devices or employees of the latter may not provide fuel for loading if the engine is not stopped and the lights of the vehicles, the electrical systems such as the radio and the devices that emit electromagnetic radiation such as mobile telephones are not turned off.”

What the law clearly states is that the engine must be turned off. But, as we can see, that’s not all, because we must also make sure that the lights of the vehicle are also turned off, as well as other electrical systems such as the radio, and devices that emit electromagnetic radiation such as mobile phones.

The reason is that these systems could theoretically cause sparks to fly and could cause an explosion or fire due to the vapours that can accumulate in these places.

If you are going to refuel, make sure that you comply with these rules, including using your mobile phone, because if you don’t, and you’re caught, you could face an instant 100 euro fine. Even worse, although it is believed unlikely, if your actions are considered to be endangering life, such as of other people at the filling station, you could face a much harsher penalty.

If you are a smoker, then you must also realise that smoking near fuel is not a good idea, so that too is illegal when refuelling.

If you look closely enough next time you are refuelling, you will see that petrol stations display informative signs warning you of these rules, in order to ensure your compliance.



To summarise, in order to avoid fines or other complications, there are basic rules:

 	Do not use the mobile phone or any other electronic device.
 	Don't leave the engine running.
 	Do not smoke.
 	Do not light matches, lighters, etc.
 	Turn off the lights and other electrical elements of the car such as the GPS, radio, etc.

The traffic department also warn us that we should not wait until the fuel tank is empty. Not only because the car can stop in the middle of a road, but also because the empty tank is more likely to explode due to the gases inside it.

Finally, do not fill the fuel tank to overflowing, as it may spill and cause a fire.

### Pioneering new health service for international patients from Quirónsalud Torrevieja

Hospital Quirónsalud presented a new pioneering personalised health service for international patients this week. This new service, a first of its kind in the Valencian Community, is aimed at offering personalised, preferential treatment and health advice to improve the quality of life of international patients living in the Vega Baja region. The service was launched on Friday by the mayor of Torrevieja, Eduardo Dolón.



The new service, called Health Premium Card, offers a personal health advisor, priority access to medical appointments, a bespoke plan to achieve personalised health goals which includes a check-up to find out the patient's initial status, as well as an exclusive Premium Lounge inside the hospital where you can carry out all the procedures related to your health.

In addition, the service has a free translation team for English, German, French, Dutch, Flemish, Norwegian, Swedish, and Russian among other languages, trained in medical terminology and cultural approaches of international patients.

Among the advantages that Health Premium Card users can enjoy are:

 	An initial check-up
 	Three free-choice consultations with specialists.
 	Six ambulance transfers.
 	Fourteen home nursing treatments.
 	Free dental cleaning.
 	Tests for the detection of several common diseases.
 	10% discount on private treatments.

The launch event was also attended by representatives of different foreign associations and institutions, including HELP Vega Baja, the Belgian Golf Club, the Wanderfreunde Gemässigtes Wandern, the Dutch Association, the Norwegian Church, the Swiss Club, the Swedish Consulate of Alicante and the Nordic Club among others.

Quirónsalud Torrevieja, international reference hospital on the Costa Blanca

Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja is an international hospital of excellence, with a team of highly qualified professionals and cutting-edge technology. It offers a multitude of medical specialities and has developed into a prestigious multidisciplinary centre both in the field of oncology and several other medical and surgical specialities. It is the private hospital with the most advanced technology in the Valencian Community. With more than twenty years of experience, more than 400 people work there every day to care for its patients. Located in the city of Torrevieja, it is a benchmark for medical tourism and for foreign citizens looking for their new residence on the Costa Blanca.

International admission

The hospital has its own international admissions department, whose sole task is processing healthcare authorisations with national and international insurance companies. All authorisation procedures are carried out daily with national and international insurance companies directly and immediately. In this way, the patient doesn’t have to worry about these procedures, this department takes care of everything.

International hospitalisation

The hospital boasts an international ward, created to guarantee maximum convenience, comfort and well-being of the international patient. The hospital wants the patient to feel at home throughout their stay. All rooms are individual and spacious to guarantee the comfort of the patient and a companion. Healthcare staff speak multiple languages ​​and care for international patients as fluently as possible.

For more information, click here, https://www.quironsalud.es/torrevieja/es/health-premium-card

### What Is a VMP – Technical Characteristics

We have been talking more and more about electric scooters recently, perhaps as a direct result of their growing numbers, but as well as knowing the obligations of the driver, it is important that we know what actually makes up one of these vehicles, technically referred to as VMP, or vehículos de movilidad personal, which directly translates to personal mobility vehicle.

Image by Kristof Topolewski from Pixabay

As we have mentioned before, when we are talking about a VMP, we are not talking about such vehicles as mobility scooters used by those people who have reduced mobility. Nor are we talking about those which would technically be categorised as toys, or, in fact, as other vehicles. A VMP has a very specific set of technical characteristics.

When we are talking about the VMP, we are talking about those vehicles most commonly referred to as electric scooters, which do fall into the group, but there are others. In simple terms, a VMP has one or more wheels for individual use and propelled exclusively by electric motors with a maximum design speed between 6 and 25 km/h. If the vehicle cannot reach 6 kilometre per hour, it is classed as a toy, and not permitted on the roads. If it can go faster than 25 km/h, it would have to be registered in the same way as a motor vehicle, most likely a moped, but in some cases even as a motorcycle, although, in Spain, this is not possible for all vehicles. For those which can be registered, they require ITV, number plates, insurance and a driving licence, amongst other requirements, but again, we are only talking about the more powerful vehicles.

When these micro mobility vehicles first entered Spain, there was little legislation, that has changed and continues to evolve, giving more control over these vehicles, all in the interest of safer practices. That is why there are now fewer larger or faster vehicles on the roads, for the reasons explained.

As of 22 January 2024, all VMPs that are marketed must be certified for use. Until this date it will be possible to circulate even if it is not available. They will require braking systems, reflectors, acoustic warning device, and lights.

What is considered a VMP?

We have already mentioned that in order to be classed as a VMP, the vehicle can only operate at a maximum speed of 25 km/h, with one or more wheels and propelled exclusively by electric motors (batteries up to 100 VDC and with an integrated charger up to 240 VAC input). They can only be equipped with a seat or saddle if they are equipped with self-balancing systems.

What are the technical characteristics of a VMP?

As has been said before, the maximum speed at which they can circulate is 25km/h, the speed at which the engine will stop driving the vehicle. In addition, it will have anti-handling systems for both speed and power.

They must have a visible information indicator that shows the speed at which it is going and the battery level.

All vehicles intended for personal transport must have two independent brakes, with a minimum deceleration of 3.5 m/s 2.

In addition, vehicles with more than 2 wheels must have a parking brake.

Personal mobility vehicles must be equipped with reflectors on the front (white), on both sides (white or auto yellow) and rear (red). In addition, the brake light must be differentiated or combined with the rear light.

For the VMP for the transport of goods or other services, they must have yellow auto side reflectors and red rear reflectors, on the edges and vertices of the load, which allow signalling and clearly distinguishing both the height and the width of the vehicle in low visibility situations.

In addition, these goods vehicles or other services must be compulsorily installed with front and rear direction indicators, popularly known as turn signals. They must also have rear-view mirrors and a reversing assistant.

Acoustic warning device for all types of VMP and in the case of merchandise or other services, they must also have a reversing warning device.

Parking stabilisation system. In order to avoid fallen VMPs in the middle of the streets and maintain a certain order in the cities, it has been established that VMPs with less than 3 wheels must have a stabilisation system consisting of a side kickstand or centre stand while parked.

The minimum established diameter of the wheels is set at 203.2mm and they must have a rough surface so that they adhere to the ground. In no case will the use of smooth tyres be allowed.

Safe folding. The VMP must have a double security system so that they are well coupled while it is being carried and avoid inadvertent openings.

All VMPs must have a unique, permanent, legible and clearly located factory marking with information on the maximum speed, the serial number, the certificate number, the year of construction and the make and model.

Identifier Holder. The VMP must have a space on the back of it to carry an identification or registration label.

In addition to all these technical characteristics, the manual details other characteristics more oriented to quality (structural integrity and electromagnetic compatibility, resistance to humidity, battery protection against high temperatures, non-slip surface...)

ENTRY INTO FORCE

The resolution which dictates these characteristics entered into force on 22 January 2022, however, a transitional regime is established, as stated in section 33 of the Resolution:

All vehicles marketed before 22 January 2024 may be used until 22 January 2027 even if they do not have a certificate.

All VMPs that are marketed after 22 January 2024 must be VMP brands and models that have been certified and, therefore, appear on www.dgt.es/vmp

As of 22 January 2027, only VMPs that comply with the provisions of this manual and, therefore, that have a certificate will be able to circulate.

### Checks on Trucks and Buses This Week

From October 10 to 16, 2022, the “Truck & Bus” campaign returns, organised by the European road police cooperation network Roadpol, with the fourth and last appointment of the year, aimed at raising road safety standards.

In the controls, which will be carried out on both trucks and buses, all EU countries will participate (with the exception of Greece and Slovakia, in addition to Switzerland, Serbia and Turkey and as an observer the Emirate of Dubai and the United Arab Emirates).

In each country, the controls will be carried out by personnel from the agents and the traffic police and from the regional and local police, whose objective will be to verify compliance with the regulations on vehicles with national and foreign licence plates. The controls will focus on compliance with speed limits, the legislation on the transport of dangerous goods and all the requirements of national and community legislation, driving and rest times, and special attention will be paid to the psychophysical state of the drivers; The cargo and accompanying documents of the goods will also be controlled.

During the previous Truck & Bus campaigns during the months of June and July, in nineteen European countries, the agents stopped 427,105 industrial vehicles, in which they detected 102,283 infractions, which represents an average of one out of every four controlled vehicles. Of these, 2,221 were serious offences for which they were immediately prohibited from continuing the trip. “Most of the violations detected in industrial vehicles are related to speed, vehicle condition, driving and rest time regulations and tachograph settings,” explained Roadpol Operations Group Secretary Henk P. Jensen, from the Dutch police.

Specifically, 12,588 drivers did not respect the statutory driving breaks and in 11,662 cases the drivers did not use the tachograph correctly. As a result of the inspections, 545 vehicles between trucks and buses were detected in which the tachograph had been manipulated. For Henk P. Jensen: «Every year, the tachograph settings or even its manipulation take on more sophisticated forms. The reason for this type of fraud could be sustained competitive pressure in this ever-growing industry. The financial benefits to carriers can be great, but the risks to road safety are greater. Especially due to driver fatigue, incidents can occur with serious consequences.

### Questions Raised Over N-332 Speed Camera Reports

This week, a newspaper reported a story about a driver who had been fined multiple times for speeding on the N-332 on the Orihuela Costa, a story that was subsequently repeated by a number of other news and media publications and websites. The article raised a number of questions, which we will now clarify, but before we look at both the reported case and the current laws, let us look at the road in question.

We are heading along the N-332 in the direction of Cartagena. These pictures were all taken by the passenger in the vehicle, to avoid any doubt. You can read the description underneath each picture.

As we approach the roundabout at Cabo Roig, the sign limits the maximum permitted speed to 40 kilometres per hour. This is normal for a roundabout.

 

After we exit the roundabout at Cabo Roig to continue on the N-332, the next sign tells us that the maximum permitted speed on this stretch is 50 kilometres per hour.

 

The next speed limit sign indicates a maximum of 40, but the small arrow below the sign indicates to us that this is only for the slip road.

 

The next speed limit sign we come across, as we continue along the N-332, tells us that the maximum permitted speed is now 70 kilometres per hour.

 

We then pass the junctions and the next sign tells us that the 70 kilometre per hour restriction no longer applies.

 

Next, we have the speed camera which has recorded the infractions.

 

The next speed related sign is beyond the speed camera and indicates a recommended maximum speed for the curve we are being warned about.

 

Our next speed restriction is once again set at 70 kilometres per hour.

 

Once again, approaching a roundabout, we see the maximum permitted speed limited to 40 kilometres per hour.

 

Finally, as we exit this roundabout, we see a sign that tells us it is the end of the 40 kilometre per hour restriction.

 

Now we have seen the road in question, we can look at the complaint that was raised in the newspapers.

A taxi driver received multiple sanctions for speeding along the stretch of road. The complainant stated to the press that the speed limit on the road should be 100 kilometres per hour, because the width of the hard shoulder is greater than 1.6 metres, therefore disputing the sanctions.

However, as we reported at the time, as of Tuesday 29 January 2019, new maximum permitted speed limits came into force on certain roads in Spain. This new law replaced the one where the width of the hard shoulder was relevant. That ruling no longer applies.

Moreover, when the law was changed in 2019, the generic maximum permitted speed on conventional roads was reduced to a maximum of 90 kilometres per hour, so both parts of this claim are incorrect.

It is possible that conventional roads can have a maximum permitted speed of 100 kilometres per hour, but this is now the exception, and in the event, it must be clearly signposted as such, which we can see from the pictures above, is not the case.

Article 48 of the relevant traffic law deals with this (Artículo 48. Velocidades máximas, en vías fuera de poblado).

If you would like to see an example of where this does apply, the modernised N-332 as it passes Benidorm does have a maximum permitted speed of 100 kilometres per hour in some sections, but the signs clearly indicate when this is the case.

When we talk about generic speed limits, we are referring to roads, normally outside towns, where no other restrictions are in force, or, in other words, where there are no signs indicating otherwise. The concept of this, for British drivers, is similar to the National Speed Limit Applies in the UK, although unlike the UK, there is no sign that indicates this is the case.

Next, let us look at the sanctions the driver received, which have been blacked out to protect personal and sensitive data.

In the sanction (below) we can see, it shows that the driver was in fact recorded at 108 kilometres per hour. Therefore, in any case, even if the driver incorrectly believed that the maximum permitted speed was 100 kilometres per hour, he was still driving in excess of that speed, even allowing for a margin of error (a topic we will deal with on another occasion). There is no justification for travelling at 108 kilometres per hour on a conventional road.

The sanctions.

Now, although we said, and stand by the fact, that nothing justifies a speed of 108 kilometres per hour on a conventional road, if we look closely at the sanction, we see another point which is of interest (below).

A close up of a section of the sanction.

The sanction actually says that the offence was committed on a section of road where the limit is 80 kilometres per hour, and, importantly, it says there are signs indicating this.

If we look back over the pictures, we can see that there are no signs that indicate a maximum permitted speed limit of 80 kilometres per hour. Therefore, this is a mistake by the issuing authority. If the driver had been recorded doing 90 kilometres per hour in this section, this could be grounds to appeal the fine, but, alas, it still does not justify doing 108 kilometres per hour.

So, what is the maximum permitted speed?

As we already alluded to, Article 48 of the traffic law refers to maximum speeds on roads outside towns. This is again referring to roads where no other restrictions are in force, so no signs exist.

According to the law, the maximum speeds that must not be exceeded, except in the cases provided for in article 51, for cars, motorcycles, motorhomes with a maximum authorised mass of less than 3,500 kg, 90 kilometres per hour. There are other restrictions, but we are referring to cars in relevance to this case.

As we have also said, the law states that on conventional roads with physical separation of the two directions of traffic, the owner of the road may set a maximum limit of 100 km/h for cars, motorcycles and motorhomes with a maximum authorised mass equal to or less than 3,500 kg. But this is the exception and must be clearly signposted.

### Spanish Tyre Law

Tyres are considered amongst the most crucial safety elements of a vehicle, as they maintain contact with the road at all times, we hope, and Spanish tyre law is quite clear, your vehicle must be fitted with the correct type and size of tyre for the vehicle type you are driving and for the purpose it is being used. This means fitting the right tyres and for safety ensuring that they are inflated to the manufacturer's recommended pressure.

If your tyres are not the same as those listed on your ITV card, your vehicle will fail the mandatory inspection, so it is worth checking this before you go for the test.

The legal limit in Spain for minimum depth of the tread on your tyres is 1.6 millimetres, across the central ¾ of the tread around the complete circumference of the tyre.

If you examine the tyres, you will see something called the “principal grooves”, the wide grooves in the tyre tread which have the tread-depth indicators located inside them. These indicators can be used as a guide to check the tread on your tyres.



For safety reasons it is recommended that you replace your tyres before the legal limit is reached. Many vehicle manufacturers recommend replacing at 3 millimetres. At 1.6 millimetres in wet weather it takes an extra two car lengths (8 metres) to stop at 50 mph than if your tread was 3 millimetres.

A regular check of your tyres can help you to avoid 200 euro / each wheel in fines for having tyres worn beyond the legal minimum limit on your vehicle.

### The Most Common Questions About Electric Scooters in Spain

Love them or loath them, electric scooters have already become part of the urban fabric, an economical micro mobility solution to getting around towns and cities, but just like any other vehicle, which these scooters are, there are rules that must be followed in Spain.

Image by Janik Lipke from Pixabay

Some of these rules are requirements are apparently not realised by some of the users of these scooters, but there are many more who want to know the rules, and so we will answer some of the most common questions about electric scooters.

What is a VMP?

We are talking about electric scooters, purely for the ease of description, but in actual fact the rules we are describing refer to all devices which fall into the category of VMP. A VMP is a vehículos de movilidad personal, or personal mobility vehicle. To avoid doubts, mobility scooters used by those who have mobility problems do not fall into this category.

The Director General of Traffic (DGT) also advises us that as of 22 January 2024, all VMPs that are marketed must be certified for use. Until this date it will be possible to circulate even if it is not available. Braking systems, reflectors, acoustic warning device, wheels or identification holder are some of the elements that are regulated in the manual. According to various estimates, there are about 1 million personal mobility vehicles in Spain. In 2020, 8 users of personal mobility vehicles died, 97 were hospitalised injured and 1,097 were non-hospitalised injured.

As already reflected in RD 970/2020, of November 10, which modifies the General Circulation Regulations, approved by Royal Decree 1428/2003, of November 21 and the General Vehicle Regulations, a Vehículo de Movilidad Personal (VMP) is a one or more wheeled vehicle for single-person use and propelled exclusively by electric motors (batteries up to 100 VDC and with an integrated charger up to 240 VAC input) that can provide the vehicle with a maximum speed by design between 6 and 25 km/h and that can only be equipped with a seat or saddle if they are equipped with self-balancing systems.

This definition excludes vehicles for people with reduced mobility, toys, EPACs (electrically assisted bicycles) and those vehicles typified as "L" according to EU Regulation 168/2013.

The VMPs, being self-propelled exclusively by electric motor, correspond to the ZERO emissions environmental classification and are exempt from displaying the environmental badge.

There are other technical characteristics that your VMP must have. We will deal with those in more details another time.

For the purpose of simplicity, we will continue to talk about electric scooters in this article, but we refer to all vehicles which fall into the category of VMP as described.

Can I ride an electric scooter on the pavement?

No, it is absolutely forbidden to drive an electric scooter on the pavement. In fact, it is forbidden in all pedestrian places, so as well as pavements it includes walkways, plazas and the like, and pedestrian crossings (unless passing them as a vehicle on the road). Electric scooters are only permitted on the road, and on bike lanes. On streets shared by vehicles and people, you are permitted to ride, but adapting the speed to a maximum of 10 km/h and always giving priority to pedestrians.

Why does the scooter not exceed 25 km/h?

Not because your scooter is defective, but because Spanish regulations, in line with the rest of Europe, determine that this is the maximum speed to circulate. If an electric scooter reaches a higher speed, it would no longer be a VMP, but a vehicle such as a moped for example. Some scooters can be adapted to achieve higher speeds, but this is not permitted.

Do I need to have insurance?

Spanish legislation does not (currently) oblige the user of an electric scooter to take out insurance, therefore, driving without insurance does not imply any type of infraction. However, it is always recommended that you take out insurance, since the price of insurance is relatively cheap, and will cover civil liability, and, optionally, theft. In the event that you are in collision with a car or another road user, the insurance will take care of the damage or injury. If you do not have insurance, you can be denounced by civil means and can find yourself in court, facing a bill for any damage caused, and the subsequent costs of the case. It is most likely that in the near future it will be mandatory for you to take out insurance if you use an electric scooter.

Can I carry a passenger on the scooter?

No. Absolutely not. They are mono personal use vehicles, therefore, you cannot carry anyone else on the scooter. This is a very dangerous, punishable activity that can cause serious injury in the event of an incident. For your sake and that of the people you love, do not take anyone on the scooter.

Do I have to wear a helmet?

The chances of falling to the ground with your scooter are relatively high, and the impact of the head can be fatal. You have good quality helmets from €40 in any online or physical store.

The recent Traffic Law establishes the obligation for VMP drivers to use a protective helmet, in the terms determined by regulation. The DGT is already working on this regulatory development together with the municipalities and with the actors involved.

Can I go to the next town?

No, the electric scooter is a means of transport for urban use. They are not permitted on interurban roads.

Where else can I not drive my electric scooter?

Apart from pavements, you cannot go through an underground tunnel with the electric scooter.

Are there any other laws for electric scooters?

Yes, there are many, because as your electric scooter is driven on the road, you and your VMP must abide by all relevant traffic laws. That means things like stopping at red lights, not driving the wrong was down a one-way street, giving way to pedestrians at crossings, not cutting across lanes at roundabouts, stopping or giving way at junctions. The list can go on, but hopefully you get the point, the rules apply to electric scooter users as well as other road users, which, by the way, also includes the rules on not wearing headphones or using a mobile phone, and the rules for alcohol and drugs, although in the case of younger drivers, the alcohol limit is zero.

### September ends with 101 deaths on the roads in Spain, four more than in 2019

There were a total of 101 deaths on the roads in Spain in September, four more than in the same month of 2019, the DGT reference year for road traffic incident statistics, which highlights an increase of 6% and a "worrying" increase in the number of fatalities who were not wearing seat belts.

Image by Marcel Langthim from Pixabay

According to the DGT, last month there were 88 fatal incidents. Once again, conventional roads continue to be the roads where the highest number of incidents with victims, with 7 out of 10 deaths.

Depending on the type of accident, frontal collisions have increased from 13 deaths in September 2019 to 27 this year.

According to the means of travel, this month the number of vulnerable deaths has decreased by 12 (14 in the case of conventional roads), especially those traveling by motorcycle (30 in September 2019 compared to 24 in September 2022).

Regarding the use of security systems, the DGT is warning of the worrying increase in the number of deaths who were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident: it has gone from 6 victims who were not wearing it in 2019 to 18 in September this year, of which 17 travelled in passenger cars and 1 in a van.

By autonomous communities, Castilla-La Mancha, Andalusia, and Galicia are the autonomous communities that register the greatest increases compared to the figures for September 2019. On the contrary, Catalonia has registered 6 fewer deaths.

### The Guardia Civil investigates two drivers for reckless driving when driving with people outside the passenger compartment

The events took place when a convoy of vehicles was accompanying a truck that was going to collect a bull that was to be fought at the Garcibuey (Salamanca) festivities.

One of those investigated drove with a child on their lap without using a seat belt

The investigation began as a result of the dissemination on social networks of several videos in which reckless driving was observed.



The Guardia Civil has investigated two individuals for reckless driving in the town of Garcibuey (Salamanca). Researchers from the GIAT Team (Traffic Research and Analysis Group) of the Traffic Subsector of the Guardia Civil of Salamanca, detected several videos on social networks in which reckless driving was observed when a convoy of vehicles drove along the road that goes from Béjar to Ciudad Rodrigo (Salamanca).

One of those investigated was driving with an infant sitting on their lap without any restraint system, dangerously limiting their mandatory freedom of movement, and with another minor between the front seats, all while the passenger was sitting on the window outside the vehicle without any security measure, with the danger to the integrity of people that this caused. The other investigated driver passed the convoy of vehicles on a curve of reduced visibility with an adult sitting on the window outside the vehicle.

The events took place on September 17 on the SA-220 road (Béjar - Ciudad Rodrigo), when a convoy of vehicles was on its way to accompany the truck on pilgrimage that was going for the bull that that same afternoon would be fought for of the festivities of the town of Garcibuey (Salamanca).

The Guardia Civil has also made several complaints to the drivers of other vehicles participating in the convoy for reckless driving and several occupants for not using the seat belt.

The Guardia Civil has instructed the corresponding proceedings, with the investigation of the two individuals, which have been sent to the Guard Court of Béjar, as well as the corresponding administrative complaints that have been sent to the Provincial Traffic Headquarters of Salamanca.

The Guardia Civil recalls the importance of complying with traffic regulations, since behaviours such as those exposed here endanger the life and physical integrity of drivers and road users.

### Is it possible to prevent Alzheimer's?

How to detect symptoms and stop its progress.

Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disease, which slowly destroys memory and cognitive abilities. It is the most common cause of dementia among older adults.

"The annual incidence of the disease in Spain is 2-4 cases per 1,000 inhabitants/year and it has been seen that the relationship between age and incidence is evident in all the epidemiological studies that have been carried out." explained Dr. Erika Torres, head of the Advanced Neurosciences Unit of the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante.

Alzheimer's symptoms usually develop slowly and worsen over time (forgetfulness, difficulty completing familiar tasks at home or at work, misplacing things, impaired or poor judgment about financial matters, etc.

Prevention

Clear risk factors for the disease are age, sex (slightly higher incidence in women) and genetic factors. These factors are not modifiable, however, studies in recent years have shown that there are modifiable factors on which action can be taken to work on primary prevention:

 	The control of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) such as arterial hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus.
 	Improvement of lifestyle: avoid the consumption of toxins (tobacco, alcohol), follow a Mediterranean diet, and perform physical activity.
 	Having an adequate social network to carry out activities that allow us to interact with other people.
 	Cultivate our intellectual activity: reading, learning a language, doing puzzles.

Diagnosis

When a patient comes to consultation, an adequate medical history, interview and neuropsychological examination of the patient by the specialist is essential. The basic study of complementary tests requested is an analysis and a brain imaging test.

Alzheimer's treatments in Quirónsalud

The diagnostic-therapeutic approach to Alzheimer's is essential to be carried out by a group of professionals who are experts in the pathology.

For this reason, Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante have a cognitive impairment program in which they offer neurological nursing consultation. A place where you can thoroughly explain in a calm way what the pathology consists of and give personalized support to the patient and family.

In addition, an essential part of this program is the neuropsychological rehabilitation of the patient, to increase the functional capacity and improve the patient's quality of life.

Information about Alzheimer's treatment in Quirónsalud

Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante have neuropsychologists with extensive training and experience in the assessment and treatment of patients with AD and other dementias. They offer a personalized service where each case is studied and treated from an integrative and humanizing perspective.

In addition to individual attention, at Quirónsalud Torrevieja they have cognitive and memory stimulation workshops for patients diagnosed with dementia or cognitive impairment and psychoeducational support groups for family members and caregivers.

They have also launched the consultation for the prevention of cognitive deterioration by neurology nursing in which any interested person without previous pathology will be informed of the measures that we must carry out in our day-to-day lives to reduce the chances of getting a disease like this.

About Quirónsalud Torrevieja

-International medical team

-Free translation service

-We work with all national and international medical insurers

-General emergencies 24/7

-Paediatric daytime emergencies

Address:

Partida de la Loma, s/n

03184 Torrevieja, Alicante

 

 

### Passengers on Personal Mobility Vehicles

When it comes to personal mobility vehicles, the law in Spain is quite clear, you are not permitted to carry passengers. The are, by the very definition of the name, “personal” vehicles.

But what exactly are we talking about when we refer to personal mobility vehicles? Most recently, the phrase is used to describe such vehicles as small electric scooters, also referred to within the concept of “micro mobility”. But they can also include bicycles, and whereas you are not allowed to carry passengers on scooters, there is an exception when it comes to bicycles.

Bicycles are one of the sustainable vehicles that are part of urban traffic and must also comply with certain rules to circulate safely and not interfere with that of other road users. In addition to knowing how to signal your manoeuvres correctly and knowing where to ride at all times, prioritising the bike lane when it exists, there is another series of obligations that must be respected, including the carriage of passengers.

The DGT confirms that adult cyclists are permitted to carry a minor, aged up to 7 years maximum, sitting in an approved seat on the bicycle. Of course, a series of requirements must be met so as not to incur an infraction during the journey, sanctioned with up to 100 euro of fine.

Image by Mircea - See my collections from Pixabay

It is important that the age restrictions are complied with. The minor must not exceed this age limit and the driver must be of legal age. Even if the child is under 7 years old, if the bike driver is under 18, he or she will face a traffic fine.

The minor must be properly seated and fastened in an approved chair to transport passengers by bicycle, which can only be installed behind the rider. When installing this accessory, we must take into account the maximum total weight allowed to circulate and that, indeed, the model we have purchased is approved. There are some chairs, depending on their place of manufacture, that do not meet the requirements to be used in Spain.

Finally, it is mandatory that the minor wears the corresponding protective helmet correctly fastened. Otherwise, we will be infringing the rule and it will not matter if we comply with the rest of the obligations, since we will still face a sanction. Adults should also wear a helmet at all times to encourage safer practices.

Remember though, the characteristics we have described are the only exception for carrying passengers on personal mobility vehicles. On the road, children cannot be carried in trailers towed by bicycles. Moreover, in no circumstances are passengers allowed to be carried on electric scooters.

### Thieves who Stole Vehicles to Break Down to Parts Arrested

In a joint operation between the Guardia Civil and the Municipal Police of Madrid, within the framework of the OVIBIKE operation, 16 people belonging to a criminal organisation dedicated to the theft of vehicles for their subsequent manipulation, disassembly and sale as original parts, have been arrested.

In the operation, an undetermined number of stolen motorcycle and passenger car frames and engines have been seized. In one of the searches carried out, nearly €35,000 in cash were seized from criminal offences committed. Until now and due to the number of stolen vehicles, it is not possible to determine the heritage value of all the intervened material.

The operation began in April of this year, as a result of a coincidence of information by the police forces, for which a joint work team was created to proceed to monitor those allegedly involved who falsified the documentation and "made up" vehicles for sale.

As a result of the investigations, the agents were able to determine that the organisation was made up of a first echelon that was in charge of locating and stealing the motorcycles they needed and that they left them parked near the workshop of one of the members. Subsequently, they were introduced to proceed to their total dismantling, for the transfer of said pieces according to the needs, to another workshop or to a larger warehouse in the province of Toledo, for storage and subsequent distribution.

Next, and to get rid of the remains that could not be used, they contacted others involved, who in a box truck transported all the disposable material to scrap yards for its total destruction, deleting the chassis number of the motorcycles, in order to eliminate any trace that could locate them.

With these parts and in the same workshop, they assembled the stolen engines on motorcycles of legal origin that they had previously acquired. In this way, they had a double benefit, that of the parts that had been mounted on the motorcycles of people who came for their repair and not paying said parts to the manufacturer, since they were stolen.

On the other hand, they selected the vehicles that they were going to take according to the needs by brand and model, either for parts or to sell them once they had been “made up”.

The first phase of exploitation that has been carried out in various areas of Madrid, has resulted in the entry and search of five properties, two of them in the homes of the main leaders and another two in the workshops where they cut the motorcycles of different brands, which had previously been stolen, where they hid different material used and carried out the manipulation.

The fifth search has taken place in the province of Toledo, where a warehouse has been inspected, in which a large number of stolen pieces have been located.

To proceed with the sale of the stolen parts, they used several internet profiles in which they offered more than 500 products, all of them motorcycles, which, after their economic analysis, would reach a market value of around €300,000.

They have also seized material that they used to erase the chassis numbers and tools for cutting up and for cloning keys and chassis makeup, as well as frequency inhibitors and blank vehicle documentation.

### The Modernising of the Roadside Warning

Hopefully, we all know by now that there are certain items which are mandatory in vehicles. Spare wheel and tools to change it (or emergency repair kit that some modern cars carry), high visibility vests, and two warning triangles are the main items, but times are changing and warning triangles are in the process of being replaced.

Naturally, we hope it never happens, but if we do suffer a breakdown, or other incident on the road, it is crucial to protect ourselves (high visibility vest) and the scene (warning triangles). However, in attempting to offer that protection, by warning other road users of the situation, there has been far too many deaths, people who have been killed in the process of putting out warning triangles.

As a result, the DGT has set about replacing these triangles with a warning light which can be fixed to the highest point of the vehicle, such as the roof, and emits a warning light to warn other road users of the danger. These lights are available now, but if you haven’t bought one yet, it might be prudent to wait a little while longer, for reasons we will explain shortly.



These flashing orange warning lights, technically known as the signal V16, will become mandatory for all vehicles from 1 January 2026, this completely replacing the warning triangle. You are permitted to use them now, replacing the triangles, but it is on that date that every vehicle must carry them, and use them in an emergency.

There are differences in these lights. Some are visible from about 1,000 metres away, providing better protection, the greater the distance from which they are visible, the better. The price range is currently between about 15 and 30 euro, with the average price being 25, although when it comes to safety it is better not to compromise on quality, so shop around for the best option (but maybe not yet).

If you have already bought one of these lights, well done, you have taken a huge step in offering better protection in the event of an incident. But if you haven’t, you might be better off, as the next stage for these lights is for them to include geolocation equipment, which will enable the V16 light to transmit your location to the DGT, thus allowing your actual location to be recorded on their incident map and warning other road users remotely of the incident before they arrive at the scene.

According to the DGT, these lights with geolocation should start to go on sale in Spain in December, hence the reason why it might be worth waiting a little while. We don’t yet know the price, although they will inevitably be more expensive than the current models.

In the meantime, it is important to know how to use warning triangles. Make sure you are wearing your high visibility vest before attempting to place the triangles on the road. You must then place your warning triangles in such a manner to provide sufficient warning to oncoming vehicles.

Ordinarily, you must place your triangles 50 metres away from your vehicle, so that they are visible from a distance of 100 metres. In the event that your vehicle is after a bend or over the brow of a hill, move the triangle further away so that it is visible before vehicles reach the bend or brow.

On a normal two-way road, you must place one triangle behind and one in front of your vehicle, both at a distance of 50 metres and visible from at least 100 metres.

On a one-way road, or a road which has more than 3 lanes, such as a motorway, you only need to place one triangle at the rear of your vehicle 50 metres away and visible from 100 metres.

### Woman Arrested for doing a U-turn and Driving in the Opposite Direction on a Motorway to Avoid Tolls

The Guardia Civil has arrested a woman for doing a u-turn and driving in the opposite direction to usual, with manifest recklessness and seriously endangering people's lives.

The incident occurred on the R-3 motorway, connecting Madrid, Arganda del Rey and Tarancón.

The personnel monitoring the road reported that a vehicle had made a u-turn when reaching the toll and was subsequently driving in the opposite direction to the flow of traffic, towards Arganda del Rey, but in the M-40 direction.



After receiving the report, a patrol from the Guardia Civil Traffic Section, belonging to the Valdemoro Traffic Detachment (Madrid), went to the motorway and initiated the established protocol for the location and arrest of vehicles circulating on a highway the wrong way.

Once the vehicle was located and immobilised, the agents verified that the driver of the vehicle had carried out the manoeuvre with full awareness of what she was doing, so as not to go through the toll.

This person travelled a total of seven kilometres in the opposite direction, putting her own life and that of other road users at risk, for which she was arrested as the alleged perpetrator of a crime of reckless driving with manifest contempt for the lives of others.

Tests for alcohol and drugs were negative on both.



The driver of the vehicle remained as a detainee at the judicial disposal when the instructors of the proceedings verified that she lacked a legal address in Spain.

The Guardia Civil appeals to the civic conscience of the population so that if they find themselves in a similar situation, they can call 062 (Guardia Civil) in Spanish or 112 (Emergencies) in other languages, and in case you have made a recording or have a link of interest, you can contribute them in the channels created by the Guardia Civil, https://www.guardiacivil.es within the electronic complaint section.

### Driving Without a Licence Can Lead to Prison

A serious offence that has grown the most in recent years is driving without a driving licence. Formaster, Professional Association of Training Companies in Logistics, Transport and Road Safety, explains that they constitute 2.6% of the traffic fines filed in the last six years. This implies some 103,000 fines a year for people who drive a vehicle without the corresponding permit.

Image by Valerio Hartzheim from Pixabay

Driving without a licence is a either a crime or an infraction, depending on its severity. It is a crime against Road Safety according to article 384 of the Penal Code when driving without a licence due to the total loss of the legally assigned points, by judicial decision or for never having obtained it. In these cases, the penalties can be prison terms of up to six months and fines of 12 to 24 months or community service of up to 90 days, depending on the aggravating factors (such as reckless driving, alcohol, etc.), recidivism or criminal record.

On the other hand, it is considered an infraction when driving with an expired licence, driving a vehicle of another category or driving with a licence that is not approved in Spain. In these cases, the fines involve the loss of four points and penalties of up to 200 euro.

### Child Injured in Electric Scooter Crash

A 13-year-old child has been injured when his electric scooter and a car collided in the Alicante town of Biar.

Image by Kristof Topolewski from Pixabay

The event occurred on Wednesday afternoon, when the Emergency Information and Coordination Centre (CICU) was alerted to a collision between a car and a scooter on calle Jesús Juan Bernabéu in the municipality.

A paramedic ambulance attended the scene and treated the 13-year-old boy who was presenting with a head trauma.

He was transferred in the ambulance to the Elda General Hospital, where he is still hospitalised at this time.

Accidents involving drivers with electric scooters have been on the rise since this means of transport has become popular among the population in recent years.

Just a few days ago, at the beginning of this month of September, another 15-year-old boy was hit by a vehicle in Badajoz, where he was under observation for 24 hours in the ICU due to a severe blow to the head.

In that case, the event occurred around ten o'clock at night when the teenager was crossing a zebra crossing with his electric scooter, where he encountered the unexpected impact of a vehicle that left him lying on the ground with a head injury.

A week ago, a 60-year-old woman suffered "very serious injuries" when she fell while riding her electric scooter over an overpass at an elevated roundabout in Palma (Mallorca).

Apparently, the woman received a severe blow to the head when she fell to the ground. The ambulance that assisted her was able to verify that her condition was very serious, with a severe head injury, for which she was transferred to the Son Espases hospital.

### New Road Markings – Green Lines

Chances are, you would not have experienced the latest change to road markings on Spain’s roads, the appearance of green lines, because they are currently only being tested on a small number of roads, but if that test proves successful, we may see them appearing more.



The DGT launched a pilot experience on two highways in Palencia in northern Spain, painting green lines on the roads alongside the traditional white lines. So, what is the significance of green lines?

The road traffic collision rate on secondary roads continues to be the great challenge for the General Directorate of Traffic. These are the roads where the highest number of deaths occurs, 75% of the fatalities of all interurban roads.

The DGT focuses its efforts on conventional roads by installing more speed cameras, increasing surveillance and control, and also improving their design.

It is with this objective that the pilot test was been launched on two roads in Palencia, the CL-613 (Palencia-Sahagún) and the CL-615 (Palencia-Guardo), which consists of painting green lines along these highways to help calm traffic.

This pilot experience has been running since 2016 after signing an agreement between the DGT and the Junta de Castilla y León. This initiative has been motivated by the good results obtained in countries such as Sweden and the Netherlands.

In Sweden and the Netherlands, it has been shown that painting these lines green causes traffic calming. They are painted inside the lane, parallel to the continuous white lines that delimit the hard shoulder. The effect it produces is a narrowing of the lane and, consequently, it leads the driver to moderate their speed.

In addition, the green lines are accompanied by vertical signs where drivers are repeatedly informed that they are driving on a road whose speed is being specially controlled.

With this measure, the DGT wants the driver to become aware to the point that the installation of speed control systems is no longer necessary.

What types of roads do green lines run on?

For now, the pilot test has focused on these two roads in Palencia, the CL-613 and CL-615. These are roads with long straight lines, which are in good condition, with a width that varies between 3 and 3 and a half metres, with wide-radius horizontal curves, and, in general, with a low risk.

These conditions can lead to an excessive, and erroneous, sense of control on the part of the driver that leads to exceeding the established speed limits.

For the DGT, this type of improvement in road design allows, at a low cost, to achieve very good results in terms of reducing incidents.

In 2018, 994 people lost their lives in incidents that occurred on secondary roads, with exiting the road being the incident that causes the most victims (38%), followed by frontal crashes (27%) and fronto-lateral crashes (16%). 52% of those who died on these roads were traveling in a car, 19% on a motorcycle, 8% were pedestrians, 6% were in vans and 4% were riding a bicycle.

### 350 Fines a Day for Driving Without Insurance

In order for a drive on the roads in Spain, your vehicle must have valid compulsory insurance, however, despite it being mandatory, there are many drivers who take to the roads without it. In fact, according to data from the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), 3.06% of the fines filed in the last six years were for driving a vehicle without insurance, that is, 130,000 fines each year, which is more than 350 every single day, on average.

Image by Marcel Langthim from Pixabay

Although the data is indicative, it is estimated that more than 2 million vehicles circulate on Spanish roads without compulsory insurance, an imprudence that can cost between 601 and 3,005 euro, which the owner of the vehicle must pay, although the financial burden may end up much greater in the event of a claim going through the courts. In the event of a collision, the driver will be responsible for the damage caused to other people, vehicles or street furniture. The owner of the vehicle will only be civilly liable, provided that the driver and the owner of the vehicle are different people.

Cars must be insured even if they are not used regularly, that is something that drivers must take into account. In the event that one of the vehicles involved in an incident does not have valid insurance, and is found guilty of the incident, the Insurance Compensation Consortium (CCS) will be responsible for material and personal damage caused to third parties.

Then, the Consortium may claim compensation from the driver of the vehicle or the owner. The driver, in addition, will receive a fine of up to 3,000 euro, to which other sanctions could be added, if the vehicle has not passed the ITV, payment of the grua, etc. In addition, traffic officers can immobilise the vehicle, and the cost of custody of the vehicle must be paid.

On the other hand, if the uninsured vehicle is not to blame for the collision, the compulsory insurance of the car responsible for the accident will compensate material and personal damage. But, when driving without insurance, the driver will still be sanctioned and the vehicle, immobilised.

Despite the fact that many drivers are unaware of it, the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, and the regional police, monitor the expiration of the policies through real-time access to vehicle files, such as the FIVA, the File Information on Insured Vehicles, managed by the Insurance Compensation Consortium. When any incident occurs, the State security forces and bodies review the documentation of the vehicle and the driver and verify if they have valid basic insurance.

### 1,533 Lives Lost on the Roads of Spain Last Year

During last year, 2021, a total of 1,533 people died on Spanish roads. However, despite the high number of families who suffered grief after the loss of loved ones, the figure is a drop of 222 compared to 2019 and is in fact the lowest figure since records began, as reported by the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande Marlaska.

Image by Steve Buissinne from Pixabay

The minister was in Toledo when he presented the DGT Road Accident Report for the year, saying, "No data is positive in terms of road accidents, but we can have some relief by looking at the data".

In addition, according to the data in the report, 7,784 people suffered serious injuries resulting from road traffic incidents. “We cannot say that they are accidents because they are avoidable”. Marlaska pointed out while reviewing the consolidated figures for 2021.

Along with the decrease in deaths, the number of people who have been seriously injured has also decreased by 10%.  Specifically, 839 fewer, which is also the lowest record in the historical series.

With these data, Spain closed 2021 with a rate of 32 deaths per million inhabitants. "It is a high rate, but we do not forget that the EU average is 44 per million, much higher than the Spanish rate," Marlaska said.

For the minister, Spain is ahead of countries with "a long tradition of road safety such as Finland, Austria or France", where the rate is 45 deaths per million inhabitants.

For years our country has maintained a tendency to reduce road incidents, which, according to Marlaska, is explained by the active work of the Road Safety Commission of the Congress of Deputies, by the professionalism of the security forces and by the "multiple initiatives of civil society and especially of the group of associations of victims of road safety".

To continue reducing the figures, the minister has asked to continue applying "real, effective and direct policies" with "technicians and victims' associations".

The DGT aims to reduce the number of victims and serious injuries by 50% by 2030 and reach zero by 2050. For this, the minister has opted to "generate healthier cities and where pedestrians are the protagonist" in order to enjoy "safe and sustainable" mobility.

### Two drivers investigated for intercepting each other

The Guardia Civil has investigated two drivers for two crimes of reckless driving with manifest disregard for the lives of others and causing a road traffic collision.



The events occurred at kilometre point 27,000 of the A-4 highway (Autovía del Sur), a section belonging to the municipality and judicial district of Valdemoro (Madrid), when the driver of a minibus prevented a passenger car from overtaking, interposing in the trajectory the vehicle was taking, placing both in the left lane, as well as in the central one and in the right one.

Once overtaking, the car began to make sudden braking manoeuvres and get in the way of the minibus on several occasions. Finally, the minibus ended up colliding with the car as it joins a roundabout that gives access to the M-404 road.

The two drivers have been investigated by agents of the Traffic Sector of the Guardia Civil of Madrid, for two crimes of reckless driving, with the Court of Instruction number 6 of Valdemoro being in charge of the investigation.

Normative:

Article 380.1 of the Criminal Code establishes that: "Whoever drives a motor vehicle or a moped with manifest recklessness and puts the life or integrity of persons in concrete danger will be punished with prison sentences of six months to two years and deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for more than one and up to six years.

The Guardia Civil appeals to the civic conscience of the population and if you find yourself in a similar situation, you can call 062 (the Guardia Civil, in Spanish ) or 112 (Emergencies, in many other languages, including English) and in the event that you have a recording, from a dashcam for example, or have a link of interest, you can contribute them in the channels created by the Guardia Civil, at https://www.guardiacivil.es/, in the Denuncias (complaints) section, where you will find "Aplicación (e-denuncia)", which explains the process.

### Tips for Driving in Rain

We have looked previously at how to prepare our vehicles for the rain, now it’s time to look at what we need to do to drive safely when it’s raining.



Firstly, defog the windows. In the rain, the car windows tend to fog up due to the humidity and the difference in temperature between the outside and the inside of the car. This condensation prevents correct visibility.

The rear windows have an anti-fog system in all cars and the newest ones can also incorporate it in the windshield. In addition, there are also anti- fog treatments that can be applied to the glass.

If we do not have this technology, we can always defog the windscreen using ventilation: simply direct the air to the glass, selecting this position on the dial so that it comes out through the dashboard grilles. This air must always be hot (heating).

Turn on the lights. Given that visibility drops significantly in the rain, it is vital to be seen by other cars. In this way, when it rains, the DGT recommends driving with the dipped headlights activated. And in case of particularly heavy rain, the front fog lights might even be needed.

Increase the safety distance. On wet roads, grip is reduced, so the braking distance increases. Thus, the DGT recommends leaving twice the distance than usual with the vehicle in front of us to avoid impacts. You might remember the two-second rule, always allow 2 seconds distance between you and the vehicle in front, which can be checked by counting when the vehicle in front passes a fixed point on the road and allowing at least 2 seconds before you reach the same point. It wet weather, this distance should be at least doubled, and so 4 seconds would be the minimum.

Smooth ride. In the rain, it is essential to avoid sudden manoeuvres: swerves, braking or strong acceleration should be avoided. Thus, we must brake and accelerate progressively, treating the pedal with care.

Reduce speed. The higher the speed, the greater the risk of aquaplaning, since it will be more difficult for the tyre to dislodge the water. But in general, given that grip is reduced, and braking distance is increased, the ideal thing to do in the rain is to drive slower.

In addition, a high speed favours the tunnel effect, which reduces peripheral vision, which is a dangerous combination if it is also raining since visibility is reduced.

Avoid puddles and pools of water. Asphalt does not always dislodge water correctly, in addition to the fact that if there are irregularities in the surface, puddles or pools with accumulated water can form. In these areas, the risk of aquaplaning is higher. Of course, you must be careful not to deviate into a dangerous path when avoiding puddles of water, such as an adjoining lane, or even oncoming traffic.

If you come across a large body of water, as far as possible, the ideal is to avoid driving through it. But if there is no choice, it should be done as slowly as possible and trying to cross it with all wheels. However, if the body of water is deep, or even if you cannot be certain of the depth, do not drive through it. As little as an eggcup amount of water can damage the engine and you could become stranded in the water.

If you suffer from aquaplaning, remain calm, hold the steering wheel firmly with both hands and as straight as possible, take your foot off the accelerator but try not to brake, if possible. If the car skids, try to smoothly correct the trajectory.

Overtaking in rain. If we have to overtake, it is advisable to increase the speed of the windscreen wipers to neutralise the spray effect generated by the other vehicle. Also, the DGT recommends doing the same if another vehicle overtakes us.

If you suddenly find yourself in the middle of a sudden deluge, the best thing to do is to stop the car. Extremely heavy rain can cause zero visibility from our vehicle, and also for others on the road.

You must however find a safe place to stop, ideally somewhere like a rest area or a petrol station if you are on a motorway, or find a safe location if you are on any other type of road.

### Tips to prevent heart disease

The specialists of the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja recommend a periodic monitoring of blood pressure and glycaemic index, since these are two of the main risk factors for cardiovascular health. "A hyperglycaemia maintained over time can cause damage to our blood vessels until reaching the major arteries and generate cardiovascular diseases. On the other hand, a high blood pressure progressively and linearly increases the risk of death from a heart attack or stroke as blood pressure figures increase", explain the cardiology specialists of Quirónsalud Torrevieja.

At the origin of most cardiovascular diseases is arteriosclerosis, an ailment caused mainly by the obstruction of the arteries due to the deposit of cholesterol. Other risk factors are hypertension, diabetes, smoking, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, as well as genetic inheritance.



Special attention to women

Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death in women, especially from the age of 50, and its origin is found in the drop in oestrogen that occurs in menopause. "Oestrogens are the protective hormones against cardiovascular diseases and their fall in menopause produces an increase in weight and cholesterol, together with the appearance of hypertension and diabetes. Another of the negative aspects are the symptoms of heart attacks in women, since it can occur in a greater proportion atypically, such as a less intense pain, located at the epigastric level or that does not usually radiate to the left arm, and that can be accompanied by a lack of breath, which causes, on numerous occasions,  a delay in the diagnosis, which worsens the prognosis", point out the specialists of Quirónsalud Torrevieja.

Recommendations to take care of the heart and prevent diseases

 	Eat in a healthy and balanced way. There are studies that show that the Mediterranean diet reduces the incidence of cardiovascular complications by up to 30%.
 	Reduce the consumption of salt and animal fats and opt for fish, fruits, vegetables and legumes.
 	Do moderate exercise on a regular and controlled basis. Some people practice a physical activity that is too intense and not suitable for their age profile and physical condition. Therefore, before starting it, it would be advisable to receive medical advice, especially from the age of 35.
 	Maintaining the ideal weight is important to prevent high blood pressure and diabetes.
 	Undergo periodic check-ups, especially from the age of 50, to control the appearance of cardiovascular risk factors.
 	Promote healthy lifestyle habits from childhood.

Quirónsalud, a benchmark in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases

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For this, it has a multidisciplinary team of professionals of recognised prestige and the latest medical advances.

About Quirónsalud Torrevieja

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### Preparing for Rain

We have already seen one or two showers this month, but as September and October are known for rain, it is a good idea for us to be prepared.



It is important that we get our car ready for autumn and winter: checking certain elements of the vehicle so that they operate correctly can help us avoid scares and incidents.

What should you check in your car?

Since what most affects the behaviour of the car and the driver is visibility and grip, there are certain components that must be in good condition before the arrival of autumn and winter. For this reason, it is worth checking various elements of the vehicle.

Check the windows and that they are in optimum condition, and free from anything that obscures all-round visibility.

First of all, clean them. If the windscreen or the rear window are dirty, they favour fogging with the arrival of cold and rain. Therefore, the front window must be clean both outside and inside.

The outer area can be cleaned thanks to the wiper blades and windshield washer fluid, so it is advisable to have a refill ready to replace it if it is depleted.

If the front window is dirty inside, it can also prevent proper vision, especially at dusk or dawn due to how the light falls on the glass. To clean it, the ideal is to use a damp microfiber cloth or similar so as not to scratch it. And if it is not enough, you can choose to use a glass cleaner.

Windscreen wipers are essential in case of rain, as it evacuates the water on the car windows. Its maintenance is therefore essential to ensure the maximum possible visibility through both windows.

Again, it is vital that they are clean: if not, activating the wipers can leave traces on the glass. They will accumulate more dirt if you park on the street.

To remove this dirt again you can use a damp cloth or sponge. Avoid more aggressive elements: for example, a brush with metal bristles can damage them. Similarly, if it does not come out with water, you can use neutral soap or window cleaner.

Like the windows, these friction elements must be in good condition, because if their rubber is damaged, they will not evacuate the water correctly, leaving residues that impede vision or even cause glare.

A good indicator that we have to change the blades is when we see that the sweep leaves streaks or produces noise. The wear itself ends up damaging or hardening them, but it becomes more pronounced with changes in temperature. Therefore, they should be checked more frequently if the car sleeps on the street.

Replacing the blades is a simple task that we can do ourselves. Although you can also go to a workshop if you’re not confident.

If we choose to change them ourselves, we can find the part in hypermarkets or in quick repair shops, but we must make sure that it is compatible with our car. Be that as it may, it is always advisable not to skimp on the price: the higher their quality, the longer they will last and the better they will clean.

If rains are common in our area, the windshield wipers can be reinforced by applying a water-repellent treatment to the glass. Thus, there are sprays and liquids for this purpose, which are applied to the windscreen. You can also opt for a windshield washer fluid that includes it.

Although the correct maintenance of the car's wheels is vital throughout the year, when the rain enters the equation, the condition of the tyres is even more important.

In the wet it is essential that the tread grooves are deep enough to effectively dislodge water and compromise grip as little as possible.

If this is not the case, there is a risk of suffering from the dreaded aquaplaning: an effect that causes the tyre to stop being in contact with the asphalt as a film of water forms between the wheel and the surface.

The regulations require that the depth of the grooves be at least 1.6 mm. It can be checked with gauges, but we can also use a one-euro coin: if it is inserted into the groove and the gold frame in the lower area is covered, the tyre can still be used.

Tyre wear is essentially caused by use, which reduces the tread and therefore the depth of the grooves. Therefore, the DGT recommends replacing these elements after about 40,000 km.

However, the health of the tyre is important in general: we must ensure that it does not have bumps or irregular wear (for example, if they are more worn on the sides, it may be due to incorrect alignment).

Pressure matters too. Another aspect that affects more pronounced or uneven wear is driving without having the correct pressure in the wheels. In addition, driving with inadequate pressure increases the risk of a blowout and can lead to incorrect water drainage.

The most modern cars have sensors that indicate the loss of pressure below the established values, which are usually indicated in the car manual, on the side of the door or on the fuel tank cap.

However, whether you have this device or not, it is recommended to check the optimum tyre pressure if you are going to make a long trip (as it varies depending on the load).

We can inflate the tyres at most petrol stations, but we can also use a portable inflator: there are various types and prices, some have a built-in battery while others are plugged into the car's 12V socket or a conventional outlet.

These devices are a good option, since the pressures must always be checked with the tyre as cold as possible, since if they are hot the measurement is not reliable.

Remember: if the tyre is in poor condition, you can face a penalty of 200 euro. In addition, we will not pass the technical inspection (ITV) of the car either.

### Truck driver was arrested for exceeding the blood alcohol level by more than seven times

The Guardia Civil arrested a man as the alleged perpetrator of a crime against road safety, for driving an articulated vehicle with a rate of 1.16 milligrams of alcohol per litre of expired air, multiplying the maximum rate allowed more than seven times for professional drivers, which stands at 0.15 mg/l.



The Guardia Civil received several calls from drivers warning of the erratic driving in zig-zag and from side to side of the road, of a heavy vehicle with a 3.5-ton semi-trailer, which was traveling on the AP-68, at kilometre point 143 in the municipality of Agoncillo.

The agents of the Traffic Sector in La Rioja intercepted the articulated vehicle at kilometre point 145,300, Zaragoza direction, and subjected the driver to a breathalyser test since he presented symptoms of drunkenness. The result showed a rate of 1.16 mg/l of alcohol in exhaled air, more than seven times the permitted alcohol rate.

The man's condition prompted his transfer to the Fundación de Calahorra Hospital, where he remained under medical observation for several hours.

Once he was discharged from the hospital, he was arrested and the corresponding criminal proceedings were instituted for driving a motor vehicle under the influence of alcoholic beverages, in turn processing the corresponding complaint bulletin for manifestly reckless driving.

The judicial authority has decreed the deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for a period of 16 months.

Click here to read more about alcohol limits in Spain.

 

### Could the End be in Sight for the Flashing Amber Light?

In the event of being in a vehicle and approaching a pedestrian crossing where an amber light is flashing, if pedestrians are waiting to cross, or indeed crossing, then vehicles must stop to allow the pedestrians to continue. However, due to changing driver attitudes, it would appear that stopping is becoming less of the norm, which is putting pedestrians at risk.



According to the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), "The danger is in the amber," and in particular when pedestrians are given the green light to proceed, when vehicles are presented with the flashing amber. Despite the rule being quite clear that the vehicles must stop, changing driver attitude is resulting in this signal becoming disrespected by drivers. When the situation appears, green for pedestrians, amber for vehicles, “the priority is for pedestrians, but drivers often ignore this and tend to speed up, with the consequent danger of being run over.”

According to the DGT, in 2020, 35 pedestrians died and 198 were hospitalised after being run over at a traffic-light-controlled crossing. In 2019 (the last without a pandemic), these figures were even higher: 47 deaths and 317 hospitalised injuries. According to data handled by the ETSC (European Transport Safety Council), between 2010 and 2018, more than 51,000 pedestrians died on roads in the European Union.

The Safer Roads Foundation (SRF) has focused on the danger generated by these crossings looking at Spain, which, as they point out, is the only country in the world that continues to have that intermittent amber phase for vehicles that coincides with the green phase for pedestrians. "That a child, correctly following the 'green man' instruction to cross, could die due to flashing amber is tremendously concerning," they note.

After a study in Burgos and another in Benidorm (Alicante), the danger of being run over as a pedestrian was verified, for which it was recommended "to suppress or modify some times of these traffic lights". The proposed solution in this regard is to "keep the vehicular traffic light red throughout the green pedestrian phase", that is, at all times the traffic light is red for vehicles while the green one is on for pedestrians. The Deputy Director of Circulation of the DGT, Ana Blanco, has pointed out that the problem that occurs at these intersections is the contradictory message that is sent to drivers and pedestrians.

A similar situation occurred in the UK, again brought about by the disrespectful attitude of drivers. Belisha beacons were first used to protect zebra crossings in the London area and, following the Road Traffic Act 1934, were rolled out nationally in 1935. In those days, drivers were far more courteous, and would stop to allow pedestrians to cross. However, since the dawn of the millennium they have been reducing on the roads at some considerable pace, with many thousands having been replaced by higher-tech pelicans (red, amber and green lights for drivers; red and green men for pedestrians) and puffins (like pelicans, but with added sensors).

In 2011, the AA spoke of the problem being driver attitude, "Essentially, drivers don't take as much notice of zebra crossings as they should because there's no red light telling them to stop, and pedestrians don't feel as safe as they do with a signal telling them when to cross," said Andrew Howard, the AA's head of road safety.

Of course, although driver attitude has played a huge part in this change, it is important to point out that pedestrians also have responsibilities, and, for example, must not just step out in front of vehicles, but should check that it is safe to cross first.

At the moment, the DGT has not made an official decision on the definitive elimination of the amber light, but they assure that they are considering taking measures in this regard to improve safety.

For example, a measure that the DGT could adopt would be not to use them in sections outside intersections or those that have right turns for vehicles on roads with more than one lane. In these cases, the green phase for pedestrians must coincide with the red phase for vehicles.

As for right turns for vehicles on roads with a single lane in each direction of traffic, the green phase for vehicles and the amber phase for pedestrians may be maintained, but maintaining the green phase for at least 5 seconds, red for vehicles and green for pedestrians. Another solution, adds Ana Blanco, would be to replace the intermittent green phase for pedestrians with counters. And if the pedestrian demand is less than 150 pedestrians/hour, it is advisable to enable push-button traffic lights.

### Back to School on Monday

On Monday 12 September, 2022, a total of 8,247,313 students will return to the classrooms across the country, and whilst this is no doubt an exciting time for the vast majority of them, it also means one very important thing, that each and every one of those 8 million plus people will have to travel to and from their educational establishments, and as such, the profile of road traffic changes considerably.



Primarily, that means more traffic travelling to the schools and colleges in the morning, returning again in the afternoon, resulting in an increase in vehicles, cars, and buses, as well as more vulnerable road users such as bicycles, mopeds, and this year no doubt an increase in personal mobility vehicles (like electric scooters), not forgetting of course those who walk to school, and so an increase in pedestrians too.

If you are about to embark on the school run, you must remember that children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed in the front seats of cars, and must sit in the back. The only exceptions are if there are no rear seats, such as a sports car, or if the seats are already occupied by other children.

All occupants must be secured in the vehicle, by means of a seat belt, or specially designed retention system suitable for them, that includes children. Those of a younger age must have a suitable seat which must be secured.

Another important point to remember is that all vehicle occupants must wear a seat belt. Some cars only have two seat belts at the back. In this case, only two passengers can be carried. A seat belt is required for all occupants.

All objects must also be secure in the vehicle. That not only means their school bags, lunchboxes and football kit, but also that school project they have to take in, nearer the end of term.

When you arrive at the school drop off point, remember that the laws still apply and you´re not allowed to double-park, block entrances, or park in an illegal place with your hazard lights on just because you are dropping off your children for school. Doing this creates an additional hazard and puts the children at risk.

You must choose a safe, convenient and legal place to drop off your children. Where possible, ensure that they exit the vehicle on the pavement side, still warning them to be aware of their surroundings before opening the door.

Remember, when you are about to pull away, pay extra attention to your surroundings too, including rigorous checks of your blind spots, as there could be children or other road users appearing from anywhere.

On the other hand, if you are not taking children to school but are driving at the busy times, look out for school buses. Buses operating on the school run will display a pictogram which shows the type of service they are operating. This is not only useful for parents and guardians for spotting school buses, but acts as an indication to all road users that the service is a school bus, carrying children, and is therefore subject to a restricted speed, the maximum permitted speed must be reduced by 10 kilometres per hour, and, when it stops, children may wander into the road, so they must be given more space and attention.

If you approach a school bus which has stopped, slow down and take it easy, being extra observant and giving the bus more room than you might with other vehicles. There is a chance that some children may be late and run into the road to catch the bus, or those leaving the bus might wander around, oblivious to their surroundings, and so vigilance is crucial.

If a bus is indicating to pull out, let it. There may be a temptation to try to pass the bus, but courtesy is key, so please give way, if it´s safe to do so.

### Speed Limit Signs and What They Mean

There are a number of different speed limit signs in Spain, some of which we should recognise as they are the same as the UK, but others are different, so let us explain what each of them mean.

All roads have a maximum permitted speed limit, even those where signs do not exist, and that limit varies depending on the type of vehicle or vehicle combination. Today we are looking at the specific road signs.

Mandatory Speed Limit

This sign should be obvious to all drivers. Black numbers on a white background, surrounded by a red circle, are mandatory speed limits. This sign indicates the absolute maximum speed that a vehicle may travel at on the stretch of road. We must point out though that the word maximum is key. It is not a target, and if the road conditions dictate, you should drive slower than the speed indicated if that is safer. However, you absolutely must not exceed this speed limit, without exception.



Recommended Maximum Speed

This sign is a blue square, on which numbers appear. This also indicates a maximum speed, but in this case, it is only recommended, it is not mandatory. Of course, it is a good idea to reduce your speed according to the recommendation, as it is there for a reason. If, however, you are going slightly faster than recommended, it is not sanctionable. You will often see this sign at locations such as bends, or tunnels. It may also be accompanied by another indicator sign which tells you when it should be applied.



Sometimes, the sign will display a range of speeds, in this case, you have to determine what is the safer speed to travel at considering factors such as the weather or road conditions.



Mandatory Minimum Speed

This is also a blue sign, but on this occasion it is circular. All circular signs indicate to us an action that is obligatory or mandatory. On this occasion, a circular blue sign indicates a minimum speed which vehicles must travel at.



You sometimes see this sign on individual lanes on multi-lane roads, where slower moving vehicles are not permitted to travel in some of the lanes. It can also appear on other roads as a sign on its own.



All roads in Spain have a minimum speed, which is why some vehicles such as tractors are not permitted on motorways, for example.

Speed Limited

This is a road sign, although you will not see it on a pole on the road, you will see it affixed to the rear of a vehicle. It is intended to show drivers behind that the vehicle is speed limited. You may see it on the back of a street cleaning machine for example, but you may also see it displayed on a private car. A doctor is able to limit a driver from driving above a certain speed, in which case the vehicle must also display this sign.



Some vehicles and vehicle combinations also have mandatory reduced limits at times, such as buses, trucks, cars towing trailers, these vehicles do not display the speed limited sign.

Yellow Backed Signs

As a final note, there are also signs which are identical to those we see every day, but they have a yellow background, such as is the case with the sample of the yellow sign that is identical to the maximum permitted speed sign. The same rules apply, but yellow signs are used for temporary restrictions, such as during roadworks. A sign with a yellow background takes priority and overrules any other similar sign at the location.

### Additional Lanes: What are they and how do we deal with them?

During special traffic operations, such as those implemented during the busiest periods in the summer, co-called “additional lanes” are created to ease the flow of traffic in certain areas, but the question as to what those lanes are and how we deal with them requires answering.

When we talk about “additional lanes”, there are four variations we normally speak of:

 	Contrary to the usual direction
 	Additional lane
 	High occupancy, or VAO lanes
 	Reversible lanes

Each one of them works in a certain way and with its own traffic regulations that should be known to avoid incidents, or, of course, potential fines.

Contrary to the usual direction

These additional lanes are the most frequent. They are usually at the entrance or exit to cities and usually only allow the circulation of passenger cars without a trailer and motorcycles. Its implementation is simple, the Guardia Civil is in charge of opening one of the accesses that are in the medians of the motorways and utilises a lane normally used by traffic from the opposite direction, by using cones.

In this case the law is very clear, we must drive with the lights on and at a speed between 60 and 90 kilometres per hour. Cars traveling in the remaining lane in the correct direction must also turn on their lights and respect the 60/80 km/h limitation.

Additional lane

Sometimes, the Guardia Civil will create an extra lane by reducing the width of the other lanes of the road and enabling the hard shoulder. In this way the capacity of the road is increased. You must drive with dipped headlights on and with a maximum speed between 60 and 80 kilometres per hour, which affects all lanes of the road. Bikes, mopeds or special vehicles are not permitted.

VOA lanes

High Occupancy Vehicle Lanes, or Vehículos de Alta Ocupación (VAO), are fixed and permanent lanes, although with usage regulations that normally allow access to buses, vehicles with more than one passenger and vehicles with a Zero eco-label. Sometimes they vary in the direction of circulation depending on the time of use. They have very few outlets, which complicates their use. The speed is the same as the road.

Reversible lanes

Reversable lanes are typical of urban environments and allow the direction of traffic to be varied depending on the time and the volume of traffic. Thus, they have signalling in both directions that indicates when it is open and when it is closed. It requires driving with low beam and the speed is the generic one of the road.

### New Surveillance Campaign Focused on Distractions Whilst Driving

From today, Wednesday, and until Tuesday 13 September, the General Directorate of Traffic will carry out a new specific surveillance campaign that, on this occasion, will focus on distractions whilst driving. The campaign is part of the Operation Focus on the Road developed at a European level by the RoadPol association (European Roads Policing Network).

These types of campaigns are essential to warn of the risks involved in distracted or inattentive driving, since it was present in 32% of all incidents with fatalities recorded in 2021.

For this reason, the Guardia Civil traffic officers will monitor the interurban roads, along with municipal police that join the campaign in the urban area. To this roadside surveillance must be added the automated means available to the DGT with 216 cameras installed on the roads, through which it can be verified, among other things, if the driver uses the mobile while driving.

Driving distractions

The European Road Safety Observatory ERSO collects, in the monographic report on distracted driving that it has just updated, the results of various recent studies based on direct observation of drivers.

It shows that the prevalence of mobile phone use while driving in a car in Europe admitted by drivers is 48% for the use of hands-free devices and, what is more worrying, 29% for talking on a mobile phone without hands-free and 24% to reading text messages or checking social networks.

In this sense, the report also reflects how actions that require looking away from the road or performing manual tasks have a greater impact both on behaviour behind the wheel and on the risk of a collision, this being 3.6 times greater in the case of talking without using the hands-free, 6 times higher when writing a message and 12 times higher in case of dialling a number manually.

For all this, given that the presence of mobile phones while driving has increased exponentially in recent years, causing countless incidents, the reform of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety that came into force on Last March, it increased the loss from 3 to 6 points for driving while holding mobile phone devices.

ASPAYM Collaboration

For another year, the ASPAYM National Federation collaborates with the DGT in this campaign involving volunteers with spinal cord injury who will accompany the agents of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group in their road checks in different parts of Spain, with the aim of raising awareness with their presence of the irreversible consequences that a small distraction at the wheel can have.

The collaboration is part of the awareness campaign "Don't run, don't drink, don't change wheels" that they have been carrying out since 2007 and within which different initiatives are included that have personal testimonies as a central axis, proven effective in complementing awareness campaigns.

### More Investment in Road Safety Monitoring

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) plans to install up to 300 new radars in Spain, as detailed in the tender notice published in the state bulletin, the BOE.

The tender is for the provision of some 120 fixed radars, the rest being devices that monitor sections of roads, for which a budget of 17.5 million euro has been allocated, thus increasing on the 1,325 already operating in Spain (780 fixed speed control devices and 545 mobile).

The month of August is a very dangerous month in terms of the number of accidents and traffic violations. The departure and return of the holidays cause the influx on the roads to multiply at the same time that, consequently, the number of incidents increases.

The new radars will be located in different parts of Spain. On the one hand, it is planned that 80% will be installed on conventional roads, the location where the majority of fatal and serious incidents take place. The remaining 20% ​​will be distributed on motorways. "These percentages are approximate, but they will serve as a guide," says the DGT.

The objective of the agency is to verify that drivers comply with the regulations of the traffic law and, consequently, reduce road traffic incidents in the country. "The implementation of these systems will allow us to expand the scope of speed control and continue with the work to improve safety," the agency stated.

The placement will be divided into two lots. In the first, radars will be installed in the southwest, in the southeast, on the eastern Mediterranean coast (Comunitat Valenciana), in the area of ​​the Pyrenees and the Ebro Valley and, lastly, in the Balearic Islands.

In the second lot, they will be placed on the roads dependent on the Traffic Management Centres in the central zone, in the northwest-Cantabrian region and in the rest of the north of the country.

Currently, the radars in Spanish territory are unevenly distributed. Madrid is the province with the most surveillance systems. They are followed by Seville, the Balearic Islands and Alicante. On the contrary, Soria, Ávila and Santa Cruz de Tenerife are the ones with the fewest speed cameras.

### 225 people have died on the roads this summer

Road travel has exceeded pre-pandemic levels this summer, 22% of those who died in cars or vans were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident and, of the total number of deaths, vulnerable users accounted for 41%.



225 people have died in road traffic incidents in Spain during the months of July and August, 10 more fatalities (4.65%) than in 2019, the statistical reference year, while displacements have increased by 2.42% (+2.2 million) compared to that summer.

These data have been released this Monday by the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, at a press conference in which he has been accompanied by the Undersecretary of the department, Isabel Goicoechea, by the Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, and by the chief general of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group, José Ignacio Criado.

"These are not good data. In terms of road accidents, they never are. We are going to continue with the agenda set out in the 2030 Road Safety Strategy, which includes the measures that should allow us to reduce traffic accidents and their dramatic consequences," said the minister.

During the months of July and August there were 93.4 million trips, 2.42% more than in the summer of 2019. Specifically, in July there were 45.3 million, 4.53% more than in July 2019, and in August, 48.1 million, 0.51% more than those registered in August 2019.

The day with the highest number of trips was Friday, August 12, with 1.8 million trips, and the day with the least mobility was Saturday, July 9, with 1.2 million.

In addition, Operation Crossing the Strait has been resumed, after two years of interruption due to the pandemic, and in the framework of which 624,662 vehicles travelled by road in the country. In addition, another 270,760 vehicles crossed Spain to Portugal.

X-ray of incidents

As for the data by month, during the month of July there were 119 fatal incidents in which 128 people died, which is 11 more deaths than in July 2019. The day with the highest number of fatalities was Thursday 13 July with 11 deceased.

In August there were 92 fatal incidents in which 97 people died, 1 less than in the same month of 2019 and becoming the fourth consecutive year with less than 100 deaths in that month.

By type of road, three out of every four deaths have taken place on conventional roads without separation of directions (173). On highways and motorways, there have been 52 deaths.

By means of displacement, deaths have increased in all media, except for motorcycle and van users.

The profile of the deceased motorcyclist is that of a man between 35 and 44 years old, who has an incident on a weekend, on a conventional road.

Regarding pedestrians, of the 19 deaths, 8 have occurred on motorways and dual carriageways and 11 on conventional roads. In addition, 15 of the deceased pedestrians were at night or in the twilight, of which 11 were not wearing reflective clothing.

The decrease in incidents among motorcyclists has meant that the number of vulnerable users who died out of the total is 41%, the lowest percentage in the last four years.

By type of incident, the exit of the road continues to be the incident that registers the most fatalities, 40% with 91 deaths, followed by the frontal collision (23%) with 52 deaths

By sex and age, 81% of the deceased are men and 19% women.

The number of deaths in the age group between 35 and 44 years increased with 43 deaths, 10 more than in 2019. Those between 55 and 64 years of age and 65 and over also increased with 43 and 42 deaths, respectively.

Regarding security systems, 22% of those who died in cars or vans were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident (21 deaths), a lower percentage than in previous years. Neither did 2 of the 52 deceased motorcyclists and 1 of the 7 bike users use a helmet.

Provisional information

The information used to prepare the report is provisional data on road incidents that occurred in the months of July and August. The calculation of deaths is carried out during the 24 hours following the incident and the information has been provided by the agents in charge of surveillance and traffic control and by the autonomous services with competences in the matter.

### Changes to Traffic Fines Notifications from November

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has reported that it will definitely stop issuing paper notifications for traffic fines to all legal entities, that is, to companies, from 1 November 2022. Thus, business vehicle owners must register into the Dirección Electrónica Vial (DEV) system. If you fail to register by this date, the administration will consider you ex officio, the legal definition being “Said of carrying out an act or procedure in which the initiative is part of the administrative body or the court: That it is carried out by virtue of the power that corresponds to them by right.”

Before we go any further though, let us clarify once again that this change only affects businesses at the moment, not private vehicle owners, although you too are invited to voluntarily sign up to the DEV system to receive notifications by email.

For businesses, it is essential to be registered correctly and manage the download of sanctions, especially for these legal entities; since, if it is not done, there can be serious economic problems with the fines.

Thus, from the moment a notification is published through this new channel, the company has a maximum of 10 calendar days to download it. And watch out for this! If it is not downloaded within the term, it expires. If it expires, it cannot be downloaded and is considered to have been received successfully. When considered received, the deadlines to answer (10/20 days) begin to count.

At this point, if you do not answer within the deadline, a non-compliance/penalty is generated. And the penalties can be up to three times the amount of the initial communication and may proceed to seizures by the Treasury.

Therefore, and to avoid headaches, it is best for companies to register with a few simple steps, give an email as well as a mobile phone, and, when we you receive any traffic notification, you will be notified.

The Dirección Electrónica Vial (DEV) is an electronic mailbox in which you can register to receive the communications and notifications that will be sent electronically with the same legal effects as the notification on paper.

From the moment of registration, which applies to companies and individuals alike, when the DGT have to send you a notification, mainly of a fine or sanction, they will only do so through this digital channel, and not through the ordinary mail, which is the norm for drivers who are not registered.

The notification to this electronic mailbox is complemented with a notice to your email and, if you wish, with an SMS to your mobile phone. You provide your email and mobile when you register the DEV and you can change it at any time when modifying your subscription.

Remember, registration is voluntary for individuals, but mandatory for legal entities when they wish to register or change ownership of a vehicle, and will be mandatory for all companies from November.

You can access the DEV via the DGT electronic mailbox, at https://sede.dgt.gob.es/

### Welcome to Letter M (on Spanish Number Plates)

Number plate spotters are in for a special surprise, as the letter M is about to appear imminently as the first letter on Spanish number plates.

The last batch of cars for which L was the first letter are in the process of being delivered to buyers, with the LZV combination being the latest to appear.

Thus, according to the forecasts and the normal rhythm of registrations, it is expected that the last LZZ plates and then the first MBB plates -vowels are not used in the registration system- will be delivered in the middle of September.

The first licence plates beginning with L were also delivered in September, but in 2019, so the letter will have taken exactly three years to run out, with a pandemic in between and its impact on consumption, also that of cars and motorcycles.

What years do number plates correspond to?

The first four-number, three-letter licence plates were put into circulation in September 2000, leaving behind the provincial registration system. Since then, it has been a quick method to identify the age of a car, and they have been distributed as follows:

-Registrations BBB to BZZ: September 2000 – October 2002

-Registrations CBB to CZZ: October 2002 – September 2004

-Registrations DBB to DZZ: September 2004 – May 2006

-Registrations FBB to FZZ: May 2006 – February 2008

-Registrations GBB to GZZ: February 2008 – December 2010

-Registrations HBB to HZZ: December 2010 – November 2014

-Registrations JBB to JZZ: November 2014 – June 2017

-Registrations KBB to KZZ: June 2017 – September 2019

-Registrations LBB to LZZ: September 2019 – September 2022

When will the three-letter licence plates in Spain run out?

At some point, the DGT will have to devise a new registration system before arriving at the 9999 ZZZ registration that will mark the end of the current four-number, three-letter code. But until then there is still plenty of time.

Since vowels are not used, there are still 12 letters to be used in the current system. They are M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y and Z. Each letter also allows the registration of 4,410,000 vehicles. Thus, almost 53 million new vehicles still need to be registered before switching systems, including motorcycles.

Predicting the moment in which this will happen is quite difficult, since the sale of motor vehicles is very sensitive to the economic circumstances of the moment. While at the beginning of the century more than 1.5 million new cars were registered per year -not counting motorcycles-, the 2008 crisis sank that data and in 2012 just over 700,000 first-hand cars were sold in Spain.

The recovery in consumption raised those figures to 1.3 million new cars in 2018, but the pandemic sank the figures again, and both 2020 and 2021 ended with just over 850,000 registrations.

This effect can also be seen in the plates of the vehicles that circulate on our roads. While the letters B through G sold out in periods of about two years, and sometimes even less, the licence plates beginning with H took almost four full years to sell out.

The three years that vehicles with the letter L have been registered are also an exceptionally long period, which indicates that it will be at least 30 years before the DGT is forced to make the system change.

### Special traffic device for operation "Summer Return"

On Friday, at 3:00 p.m., the last of the special operations that the General Directorate of Traffic organise for this summer begins, which will see the generalised return of tourists from coastal and mountainous regions to the cities throughout the weekend.



It is anticipated that there will be a total of 4,890,000 long-haul movements in the special operation will remain active until midnight on Sunday, August 28.

 

During the next few days, the usual journeys of a summer weekend will coincide on the road, with those of citizens who return to their places of residence after the holidays. These movements will take place especially on Sunday 28, although they will continue to be carried out in stages until the end of the month of August.

Travel forecasts

On Friday 26, between 4 p.m. and 10 p.m., and on Saturday morning, mainly between 9 a.m. and 1 p.m., there will be major long-distance movements that will cause high intensities of traffic that can cause exit retentions of the large cities, as well as on the main access roads to tourist and rest areas, both on the coast and in the mountains. By late Friday evening the problems can be localised to the target areas.

To these movements, of those who now start their vacations, will be added the usual departures at the beginning of the summer weekend towards the coastal areas and second homes.

In addition, on Saturday afternoon it will be possible to observe movements back to the large urban centres of those who end their vacations and make the staggered return to their places of residence, circulatory intensity being able to occur in some road axes.

On Sunday morning, traffic may be conflictive on the roads that connect coastal towns and access to beach areas on short-distance routes, while from the early afternoon (especially between 5 and 11 p.m.). The return will begin, both of those who finish their vacations in August and of those who have gone out to enjoy the weekend, and incidents with high traffic intensity may occur on the main road axes that connect the coastal, mountain or second residence with the accesses to the big cities.

For all this, the DGT recommends as always to plan trips in advance and, if possible, avoid the most unfavourable hours.

Special device

With all this flow of vehicles on the road, the DGT has established a series of measures to regulate, organise and monitor traffic, with the aim of facilitating the mobility and fluidity of the different users of the road and ensuring the safety of all of them, among which stand out:

The installation of additional and reversible lanes with cones at times of greatest traffic flow and on the main access roads to large cities.

The restriction of the circulation of dangerous goods vehicles, special transport and trucks in general and those that transport certain goods in certain sections, dates and times.

The cessation of works on the roads and limitation to the holding of sporting events and other events that involve the occupation of the road.

The design of recommended alternative itineraries according to origin and destination, with distances and travel times and, in some cases, avoiding the downtown area, which is the one with the highest circulatory intensity.

Added to these measures are the human resources available, among which are not only the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, who will ensure the safety of citizens traveling by road, will help drivers who need and will ensure that safe driving is carried out, in accordance with traffic regulations, but also the officials and specialised technical personnel of the DGT that attend to its seven Traffic Management Centres, the helicopter patrols and the more than 13,000 employees of conservation and exploitation companies of the Ministry of Public Works and the rest of the owners of the road, as well as the personnel of the emergency services.

Of course, the special device also has all the material resources available to the General Directorate of Traffic, among which are the 780 fixed speed control radars, of which 92 are sectional, 545 mobile radars that can 12 helicopters and 39 drones, 23 of them with the capacity to denounce, in addition to 245 cameras and 15 camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts. The DGT also has unmarked vehicles and motorcycles that will circulate on all kinds of roads in order to monitor any infraction.

Driving advice for returning from vacation

Even at the risk of appearing repetitive, the DGT gives drivers a series of recommendations that allow them to make this return home in the best road safety conditions:

Plan the trip along the safest route to avoid unforeseen events. The twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes or the news bulletins on radio and television, as well as on the 011 telephone, provide information on the traffic situation in real time and any incidents that may exist.

Schedule the most appropriate time for the trip, avoiding the most unfavourable hours and, if necessary, use the proposed alternative itineraries.

Avoid traveling at night or after a tired day at the beach or in the mountains. If the trip lasts more than 8-10 hours, do not do it often.

Avoid copious meals and moderate doses of stimulating drinks, as well as the consumption of those medications that decrease attention or cause drowsiness.

Never drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs or let anyone who has done so get behind the wheel. The only safe rate is 0.0%.

Before starting the trip, check the correct operation of the lights and indicators, as well as the tyre pressure.

Pay attention to driving at all times and respect traffic regulations: speed, safety distance, seat belt for all passengers, etc.

### What is a Voluntary ITV?

If you have a foreign registered vehicle, the mandatory vehicle inspection must be done in the country where the vehicle is registered. So, for example, if you have a UK registered vehicle, you must get your MOT done in the UK.

There is sometimes confusion because a number of people have taken their cars to Spanish ITV stations and undergone an ITV test. This is most likely true, but the difference is it is what is known as a voluntary ITV and is not legally binding. You can take any vehicle at any time to an ITV station, and they will inspect it, but even for Spanish registered vehicles, this voluntary ITV is beneficial as a preventive tool, but it does not affect the expiration date of the periodic and mandatory ITV.

So why does it exist? As an example, summer is one of the times of year when incidents are recorded on the roads. In fact, in 2021 the months of July, August and September accumulated 32% of the total deaths in road traffic incidents of the year. This is mainly because it is also the period in which there is greater road mobility. Therefore, it is vitally important to take extreme precautionary measures before making a road trip.

The Spanish Association of Collaborating Entities of the Administration in the Technical Inspection of Vehicles, AECA-ITV, explain that one of the preventive measures that drivers have to guarantee the correct functioning of their vehicle systems before making a long journey is the voluntary ITV.

It is a type of technical inspection that can be completed (if the interested party so requests), such as the one that is carried out on a mandatory and periodic basis for all vehicles, or partial, which means that only correct operation of a specific element or system of the vehicle is checked, for example, the brakes, steering or emissions.

These types of inspections usually have a lower cost than a periodic and mandatory ITV and do not affect its expiration date. It does however offer peace of mind before undertaking a road trip.

Likewise, the voluntary ITV can also be of great help when purchasing a second-hand vehicle. It is a tool that allows the buyer to be assured that the car you are going to acquire is in good condition and allows the seller to offer a guarantee of the proper functioning of the vehicle.

On some occasions, used cars can present complex problems that are not detected with the naked eye and that can only be seen through a complete check such as that carried out by ITV stations, which includes: the engine, the lighting, the brakes, the emissions, among other systems. Also, through this type of inspection, it can be detected, for example, if the vehicle has any non-legalised reform.

Of course, with this type of voluntary inspection, you should know that if any serious or very serious defect is detected, you will still have to get that fixed immediately, and then return to the ITV station to verify that it has been corrected.

### 444 drivers are detected every day at the wheel after having ingested alcohol or drugs

Between August 8 and 14, the General Directorate of Traffic carried out a new special campaign to monitor and control alcohol and drugs in which the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil have controlled a total of 201,938 drivers, of which 3,105 tested positive for alcohol and/or drugs.

Despite the increase in the number of controls carried out compared to the previous year's campaign (48,000 more), the percentage of drivers who drove under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs remains relatively stable.

This means that 444 drivers were detected each day behind the wheel after having consumed alcohol and/or drugs, most of them (83.6%) after a preventive control and the rest due to infractions, incidents or due to symptoms.

In the case of alcohol, professional drivers, motorcyclists and novice drivers have represented 3.9% of the positives in this campaign, with 18, 35 and 48 cases respectively.

In general terms, of the 200,731 breathalyser tests carried out, 2,591 were positive and, of these, proceedings have been opened against 262 drivers and they have been brought to justice, either for driving with a rate higher than 0.60mg/l in air, or for refusing to take the test.

Regarding drugs, of the 514 drivers who tested positive for some substance, as usual, the majority did so for cannabis (69%), followed by those who did so for cocaine (42%), amphetamines and methamphetamines (31 %) and opioids (6%). In addition, 12 drivers were brought to justice for driving under the influence of psychotropic substances or for refusing to take a drug test.

Importance of these campaigns

But these campaigns not only serve to detect those who break the law, but also to alert and raise awareness of all those drivers who, although not being reported for not exceeding the maximum allowed rate, do get behind the wheel of a vehicle having ingested alcohol.

On this occasion, in the controls carried out for this campaign, more than 4,750 drivers were detected with rates below the maximum limit allowed. Of these, 4,518 were detected in preventive controls: 184 due to an infraction, 41 after an incident and 7 due to symptoms.

### Driver who killed cyclists at the weekend appears in court

The driver who collided with a group of cyclists in Barcelona appeared in court on Tuesday following his arrest after an investigation after the fled the scene.

The driver, names as Isaac Santiago Acosta, fled after running over eight cyclists on Sunday on the C-243c road, at the height of Castellbisbal (Barcelona).

The 41-year -old man was driving his partner´s car and left it abandoned in a square in Martorell, near his home. The vehicle had glass broken by the impact, a strong blow to the front and the licence plate split.

One of the victims died on the spot. Another was transferred alive to the Vall d'Hebron Hospital in Barcelona but died shortly after, a third remains in critical condition, as reported by the Servei Català de Trànsit (SCT).

The Mossos d'Esquadra managed to identify the driver thanks to the testimony of the witnesses. His driving licence had been withdrawn in July 2021. He had a record for reckless driving in 2013, drug trafficking, illegal possession of weapons and mistreatment in the family.

Now, the Catalan police attribute a crime of reckless driving, another against traffic safety after testing positive for breathalyser when he was arrested, two crimes of homicide and two others of injuries.

### How to Pay a Traffic Fine

If you receive a traffic fine through the post, there are a number of ways in which you can make the payment. Not too long ago, the only way was with a visit to the most local, and very busy, DGT office. These days, it can also be done by phone, from the miDGT application and through the internet.

First of all though, it is important that you know who has sanctioned you. It might be the DGT, but could also be from an Autonomous Community or a City Council. To pay the fine, claim or make an allegation, you must always go to the body that has sanctioned you, says the DGT.

And secondly, if the fine is paid in the voluntary period, that is, in the first twenty days since the complaint was notified, in most cases it is possible for the amount to benefit from a 50% reduction.

If it is a DGT issued fine, the first step is to go to their website, dgt.es, then continue in the electronic office (sede electronica) for which you will need a secure form of identification such as a Clave or digital signature. Then, look for the fines section (multas).

To make the payment, you will need the date of notification, that is, the day on which the fine is received at home or on which a Guardia Civil officer delivers it by hand. In addition, the file number, document number, name and email are also required.

Another option is to pay the DGT fine through the QR code that is included in the same document. For this, you must enter the total amount of the infraction and without including the 50% reduction. Subsequently, the DGT will indicate the amount pending payment.

As mentioned above, there are other ways to make the payment. If you opt for a telephone contact, you must call the 060 number. The automatic service system works 24 hours a day throughout the year.

Meanwhile, the miDGT application is another alternative and can be downloaded in an Apple and Android version, both for mobile phones and tablets. It is totally free.

Finally, if you want to choose the face-to- face option, you can do it at different points: at any post office, head office or traffic office, and Caixabank branches or ATMs. However, if you make the payment at a post office, you will have to pay an additional fee of 2.25 euro plus 1.50% of the amount of the fine.

It is not necessary for the offender to pay the fine. It can be done by "any person who is in possession of a credit or debit card (Visa, Mastercard or Maestro)", says the DGT. The process is free and commission-free.

If you reside in another country and have received a fine, you have the possibility of paying the fine through bank transfer.

The bank details to make the transfer are indicated in the notification of the file. The bank account indicated in the notification is ONLY used for the payment of that file.

It is very important to include the reference number of the sanction in the subject line. Check that this number is correct before making the transfer, because if it is not correct, the fine will not be understood as paid. In addition, the bank commissions that the banking institution may charge will always be borne by the interested party.

### Two Cyclists Killed in Barcelona

Two cyclists have been killed and three others injured in an incident on the C-243c in Castellbisbal, Barcelona, ​​the Servei Català de Trànsit (SCT) has reported. According to the reports from the authorities dealing with the incident, a vehicle rammed a group of eight cyclists before the driver fled the scene at 10:45 a.m. on Sunday, August 21.

An investigation is now underway to determine what happened and why the group, who were all from the Club Ciclista Rubí club, were hit, with one being confirmed dead at the scene, the second fatality being at the Vall d'Hebron Hospital, after the victim had been flown by helicopter.

In addition to the two deceased, there are three injured cyclists: one is in critical condition, and another is less serious; Both have been transferred to the Bellvitge Hospital. The third wounded cyclist suffered minor injuries and has received a medical discharge at the scene.

The Sistema d'Emergències Mèdiques (SEM) activated six ambulances and a medicalised helicopter, while the Fire Department has mobilised five crews to the scene.

⚫ Un #accident on hi ha implicats diversos ciclistes obliga a tallar la C-243c a Castellbisbal.Efectius treballant @mossos @semgencat ???? Imatges helicòpter SCT pic.twitter.com/EZelq6BLS1— Trànsit (@transit) August 21, 2022

### Smoking and Driving

Distractions whilst driving are one of the main contributing factors to road traffic incidents.

Smoking when driving, according to the DGT, is one of the most frequent distractions behind the wheel, and it can be just as dangerous (or more so) as using a mobile device while driving. So, although in most circumstances it is not prohibited, at least not yet, the authorities directly advise users not to carry out this practice in the vehicle.

Distractions at the wheel according to the DGT

To avoid getting distracted at the wheel, the DGT advise us to sleep well before the trip, consume no alcohol, other drugs, or certain medications that can cause dizziness and drowsiness, have light food, if any, and program the GPS or radio before starting to drive. During the journey, do not smoke, stop to rest from time to time, only use your mobile phone in an emergency, and then only when the vehicle is stopped in a safe, and legal place.

Risks of smoking in the car

As we have mentioned, currently, under most circumstances, smoking while driving is not prohibited, but the DGT puts this bad habit on the same level as the use of the telephone while driving.

Specifically, smoking while driving can multiply the risk of having an incident by 1.5 times. According to various studies, lighting a cigarette while driving involves an average distraction of 4 seconds. During this time and at a speed of 110 km/h, it is possible to cover 120 metres without any control over what we do, with hands occupied and with attention and gaze diverted from the objective, driving.

The DGT recommends stopping to smoke

There is also a risk that you might drop a lit cigarette inside the car, on your legs or on the seat. Since, the scare of suddenly seeing incandescent ash on the body has caused serious trouble to more than one driver. Therefore, a swerve or a mistake inside the vehicle can cause a serious incident and put the safety of other drivers at risk.

Penalty of 100 euro for distracted driving

If you are distracted by smoking, you can face a fine of 100 euro. So, although smoking itself is not prohibited, the actions to carry out the task can be.

Fine for throwing cigarette butts out the car window

It should also be clarified that since the entry into force of the new Traffic and Road Safety Law in March of this year, throwing cigarette butts or other objects that may pose some kind of danger to other road users is considered a very severe offence. Consequently, you will be sanctioned with a fine of 500 euro and the loss of six points on your driving licence.

Smoking prohibited with children and pregnant women

We mentioned that smoking is not prohibited in most circumstances, but the Spanish Ministry of Health is working on a project that would prohibit smoking in the car when children or pregnant women travel. This idea, which is framed in the Comprehensive Plan for the Prevention and Control of Smoking 2021-2025, aims to increase the number of smoke-free spaces in the country. And within these new areas private vehicles would be included. Some people say that this plan does not go far enough, and that smoking should be banned in all private vehicles. We will of course have to wait for the results of the inevitable debates to see the final outcome.

### Helping Hands for Truck Drivers

As of September 2, a new law will come into force in Spain which that drivers of vehicles of more than 7.5 tons will not be able to participate in loading and unloading operations.

The new rules expressly refer to the following:

“… in Title I, some precepts of Law 16/1987, of July 30, on Land Transport Planning (LOTT) are modified. The main novelty is the introduction of the limitation of the active participation of professional drivers in loading and unloading operations of goods and their supports and containers, except in those cases in which, for reasons of efficiency of the operation, but fundamentally due to the safety of the driver, as a consequence of the specific type of transport or the specific conditions in which said activity is carried out, it is justified that he be the one to carry out said tasks.

This approach fully respects the agreements between the parties to the contract on who is responsible for carrying out the loading and unloading operations, whether it is the shipper and recipient or the carrier. It aims to protect, however, the most vulnerable part of the process and that suffers the possible effects of the impossibility of the transport companies to negotiate in another direction, as well as a prevention of driver safety that is more formal than material derived from the dynamics specific to the transport market.

The proposed restriction is limited exclusively to those cases in which the intervention of the public authorities is necessary to the extent that significant risks are generated that must be avoided, namely, transport services in environments that imply potential dangers for the safety of the driver. For this reason, considering this measure, it is necessary to configure it as an application rule in all cases of loading and unloading that are carried out in Spanish territory.”

Drivers of goods transport vehicles with a maximum authorised mass of more than 7.5 tons may not participate in loading or unloading operations of goods or their supports, packages, containers or cages. There are a number of exceptions however, which include:

Moving transport and furniture storage.

Transport in tank vehicles.

Transport of aggregates or carried out in tipping vehicles or equipped with a crane or other devices inherent to the vehicle intended to carry out loading and unloading operations.

Transport in vehicle carriers and tow trucks for roadside assistance.

Transport of live animals, at approved control posts in accordance with community regulations, without prejudice to the responsibilities established in the regulations on the protection of animals during transport.

The assumptions that are established by regulation, provided that the safety of the driver is guaranteed.

### 20% of hypertensive patients fail to comply with their treatment in summer

Specialists from the Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Murcia Hospitals warn that non-compliance with cardiovascular treatments increases by 20% during the summer and can cause the patient to suffer heart and cerebrovascular problems, such as angina, infarction, heart failure and stroke. All this without forgetting the increased risk of kidney failure.

Woman measuring blood pressure with digital pressure monitor against blue background. Health care and medical concept

According to Dr. Rafael Florenciano, specialist of the Integral Cardiology Unit of Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, "all precautions are few to enjoy a few days of rest without setbacks; thus, a poor diet with a high load of fats and salt, together with other factors, such as the abuse of tobacco, alcohol and the decrease in sports practice regularly cause a lack of control of blood pressure".

In summer the blood pressure values are lower than in the winter months, which is because, with the heat, vasodilation occurs to favour the loss of body temperature, and as a consequence you have a low blood pressure.

If a hypertensive person is exposed to the sun too much in summer and does not hydrate properly, they can suffer a very serious hypotension that, in severe cases, causes loss of consciousness and fainting.  Within hypertensive people, older adults are especially sensitive to heat because the mechanism of sweating is normally impaired and in them it is very likely that heart and kidney problems will occur, so it is more difficult to get rid of excess heat in the body.  For this reason, Dr. Alfredo Vidal, specialist of the cardiology service of the  Hospital Quirónsalud Murcia, recommends, before the hot months, to go to your trusted doctor to adjust the antihypertensive treatment, as well as the diuretics.

As Dr. Florenciano adds, "not one of the drugs used to treat high blood pressure are diuretics, which, added to the high temperatures of the environment, causes the patient to lose more fluids, which is why it is vitally important that more fluids are taken than usual." What is most advisable for this type of people at this time of year is to drink plenty of water, eat fresh fruit and wear light clothing to promote the replacement of liquids that are lost with sweat and thus avoid dehydration or, in more serious cases, heat stroke.

Keys so that summer does not become an enemy of your heart

Carry the medication on you.  Breaking the routine makes us forget to take our medication, since we always associate it with concrete actions such as breakfast, dinner, etc.

 

Caution with heat. The main causes of mortality during heat waves are related to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases. It is the reason why it is not convenient that we spend a lot of time exposed to the sun in the central hours of the day.

 

Be careful with alcohol. Experts advise maintaining a healthy and balanced diet in summer as the rest of the year. Excessive intake of alcoholic beverages can lead to heart rhythm disorders and a certain degree of contractile insufficiency.

 

Caution with the chosen holiday destination. Heart patients can choose the holiday destination they prefer taking into account only that it is preferable to avoid countries with extreme temperatures and places above 2,000 metres of altitude, because, if the heart is damaged, it will have to work more.

 

Rest, important in summer. The first objective of the holidays is to rest, but it is frequent that we end up doing the opposite, getting to sleep fewer hours, so that it is not beneficial for our cardiovascular health. Lack of sleep increases blood levels of stress hormones, which increases blood pressure and heart rate.

 

About Quirónsalud Torrevieja

- International medical team

- Free translation service

-We work with all national and international medical insurers

-General emergencies 24/7

-Paediatric daytime emergencies

 

Address: 

 

Partida de la Loma, s/n

03184 Torrevieja, Alicante

 

### The Guardia Civil investigates 92 people for falsifying documents related to traffic complaints

In mid-2021, on the Ma-1 km 4,500 highway during a preventive breathalyser control, the driver of a motorcycle ignored the stop sign of a Guardia Civil traffic officer, forcing the agent to move away abruptly to avoid being run over. The motorcycle continued to move at high speed, committing a succession of serious offences during the getaway. The officers noted the licence plate of the motorcycle and filed several complaints to the Provincial Traffic Headquarters for the infractions observed.

Later, officers from the Traffic Analysis and Investigation Group (GIAT) examined the file opened by the Provincial Traffic Headquarters of the Balearic Islands, since they had presented some allegations against the sanction imposed on the motorcycle driver. In the allegations, a person of Armenian nationality assumed full responsibility for the violations, thus exempting the owner of the motorcycle.

After investigations, the GIAT agents were able to verify that this person did not have a driving licence that would enable him to drive motorcycles and at the same time his driving licence had expired, issued by the Traffic Headquarters of Valencia. In addition, the Armenian citizen had not been in Mallorca on the date the offence was committed.

These facts led to the initiation of proceedings for false documents, the owner of the motorcycle and a friend of his who allegedly helped him prepare the administrative appeal were investigated.

The officers continued with the investigations, and through the Traffic Headquarters a list was obtained that called the attention of the GIAT agents, since the Armenian citizen appeared as the author of numerous serious infractions committed, the vast majority in peninsular territory. Given the circumstance that all of them had the characteristic in common that they entailed the loss of permit points, in which the owners of the motorcycles were another person who, when notified by the DGT of the sanction, identified the Armenian citizen as a driver at the time of the infraction, in order to be exempt from responsibility and avoid the deduction of points from their driving licence.

After several steps, they found out that this person was advertising on the Internet through web pages, in which he offered the sale of driving licence points from 75 to 200 euro per point, in addition to the amount of the penalty for the infraction. The communication between the buyer and the seller was carried out through different social networks.

So far, 91 people have been charged throughout the national territory for their alleged involvement in a crime of false documentation, with actions in the communities of Madrid, the Valencian Community, Aragón, the Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands, Castilla y León, Murcia, Galicia, Cantabria, Navarra, Basque Country, Extremadura, Catalonia, La Rioja and Andalusia.

Finally, the Armenian citizen, who resides in a municipality in the Valencian Community, was also investigated as the alleged perpetrator of a continued crime of false documentation. Said person had a negative balance of -321 points on the driving licence in the DGT files.

New investigations are not ruled out as the operation is in the exploitation phase, since new fraudulent files could be detected.

### Two drivers investigated for crimes against road safety

The Guardia Civil has investigated two individuals for crimes against road safety.

The two men recorded the events with their mobile phones and published it on a well-known social network.

The first is a man who was driving a car on the CV-801 road, Ibi - Banyeres de Mariola, in the province of Alicante, along a section where the rally takes place, "Les Revoltes de Ibi".

This person, wanting to emulate the participants, with a BMW passenger car, model 330 CD, carried out reckless driving consisting of driving at high speed, constantly invading the opposite direction of traffic, in a section of numerous very closed curves and with hardly any visibility to be able to notice the movement of a vehicle in the opposite direction, all at night.

The driver has been sentenced to a 6-month fine and deprivation of his driving licence for 14 months.



The second person was driving along the roads of the Serra de Tramuntana, between the towns of Banyalbufar and Esporles, recklessly overtaking in a continuous longitudinal line and skidding when tracing the curves, invading the opposite direction where other vehicles were circulating, with total disregard for their own life and that of other road users.

The investigations have been carried out by the Traffic Research and Analysis Group of the Alicante Command and the Balearic Islands Command.

### How Long Does It Take to Receive a Speeding Ticket?

Inappropriate speed is one of the “Fatal 4”, in so much as it is a contributing factor to the majority of fatal incidents on the road, and yet, despite that, everyone will exceed the speed limit at some point, we have to acknowledge that as a fact. However, sometimes that speeding occurs when passing a camera, and so sometimes we expect the inevitable, a speeding ticket through the post. But, how long does that usually take?

This is a popular question, and one which many drivers ask a lot in Spain, and although it’s not definitive, we can give you an approximate answer.

Normally, mobile radars are usually notified instantly, especially on conventional roads, where shortly after you have been snapped by the camera a patrol will stop you and issue the fine there and then.

However, fixed or section radars do not have accompanying patrols, and so the process is carried out automatically. On average, this type of notification of fines from the DGT usually takes between one and three weeks to reach your home. Remember though, this is the estimated time.

From there, we could estimate that, after a period of one month from the infraction, the normal thing is that you do not have fines: either you did not pass as fast as you thought, or the margin of error of the radar and the speedometer have resulted in you getting away with it. Good news, but a lesson to be learned.

That, however, does not mean that due to delay or any other circumstance the fine cannot still arrive at your home even days after the month of the infraction has expired... although it is not usual. Specifically, the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety establishes that the limitation period for infractions is 3 months for minor ones, and 6 months for serious or very serious ones.

So, although quite a long time after the event, if after 6 months of the fact you have not received the sanction, you can be completely calm that you will not receive one.

WHO CAN FINE YOU?

Depending on the route and the type of infraction, the fine, the competent authority to fine you, can change. Remember that to manage a fine, you must always contact the body that imposed it on you.

In Spain, the competent authorities to sanction traffic matters are:

The General Directorate of Traffic.

Town halls.

Autonomous Communities with powers: Catalonia, through the Catalan Traffic Service, the Basque Country, through its Traffic Directorate, and Navarra .

Each of these bodies manages its own sanction files.

HOW TO KNOW QUICKLY IF YOU HAVE A TRAFFIC TICKET

It is also good to know, yes, that there are ways to find out quickly and almost immediately if you have a traffic ticket. The DGT, for example, makes the Dirección Electrónica Vial (DEV), available to you on its website, which you access through the DGT Electronic Headquarters and, with a digital certificate, sanctions are notified electronically and immediately if you have received any fine.

In addition, by signing up for the new miDGT application, you can even see if you have fines from your mobile and even pay them by credit card. However, and we have said this before, the miDGT application is so secure it is almost impossible for many people to access. The same can be said about the website though, unless you are used to using the digital signature system.

 

### Older Drivers

We have spoken before about older drivers, and in particular how the DGT may change the rules in the future, and although no definitive plans have been set out yet, it is looking inevitable that things will change in the not-too-distant future, in particular for drivers over 65.

DGT: high death rate

It is worth emphasising that 30% of those killed in traffic incidents in the European Union are over 65 years of age. In Spain, in 2021, 28% of those killed in collisions were drivers with these characteristics. "These figures are going to worsen, if we do nothing, due to the aging of the population," said María José Aparicio, deputy director of Education and Road Training of the DGT. In addition, she argued that: "older people must be protected, but always promoting their mobility and safety."

Loss of faculties

Likewise, the general secretary of the Spanish Association of Psychotechnical Medical Centres (ASECEMP), Bonifacio Martín, has said that “age is a factor that notably influences the loss of faculties. The older, the more denials and restrictive conditions” and has indicated that “the view is the most relevant organ in providing information on driving and it is also the one that provides the greatest number of denials and restrictive conditions”.

What does the DGT say about it?

Eventually, the DGT establishes that renewals up to the age of 65 should be carried out every ten years. Then, this period is reduced to five years for those drivers older than the established age and, it becomes two years when they are over 70. All these procedures entail a series of tests of visual aptitude, reflexes, hearing ability, among others.

Are changes coming?

On the other hand, the entity that regulates traffic has been warning for some time that these deadlines are excessive for the most veteran drivers. Although it has regained strength in recent weeks, the truth is that the statements collected by some media outlets point to words that María José Aparicio, deputy director of the DGT, made several months ago.

Also, at the time, Pere Navarro, head of the DGT, targeted nonagenarians and centenarians in a speech in the Congress of Deputies. Therefore, it was dropped that this community could shorten the terms when renewing the driving licence, which is currently five years. It is important to clarify that today there are more than 3 million drivers who are over 70.

With restrictions

Indeed, even when they approve the renewal of the permit to circulate, 81% of those over 65 years of age receive some type of restriction. Similarly, there are cases where the driver is prohibited from circulating beyond a certain number of kilometres from their home, the hours, speed or even the roads on which they can drive are restricted.

International measures

Likewise, these special provisions for driving licences for the elderly are not only a Spanish case. For example, in the United Kingdom the licence is automatically withdrawn from those over 70 years of age, unless you renew it. On the other hand, in Denmark, Italy, Ireland or Portugal, the terms of renewal are also shorter than in Spain.

Tips for older drivers

Stay physically active. In other words, staying physically active improves strength and flexibility. In turn, physical activity can increase driver safety by making it easier to turn the wheel, look over your shoulder to change lanes, and make other movements while driving and parking. Therefore, look for ways to incorporate some type of training into your daily routine.

Regular vision and hearing tests

In short, vision and hearing tend to deteriorate with age. Thus, hearing loss can be a concern for older drivers because it limits the ability to hear an approaching train or emergency vehicle. Common age-related vision problems, such as cataracts, glaucoma, and macular degeneration, can also make it difficult to see clearly or drive at night.

Control medications

In conclusion, many medications—including tranquilizers, pain relievers, and cold remedies—can affect driver safety, even when you feel fine. Therefore, read the labels of your antidotes to know what to expect from each one. It should be noted that you should not drive if you have taken drugs that cause drowsiness or dizziness.

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja Traffic Unit: Fast, efficient and free attention 365 days a year

To access this 24-hour service it is not necessary to have medical health insurance, since the unit provides free assistance to everyone who has suffered a traffic accident

Close Up Of Two Cars Damaged In Road Traffic Accident

 

Summer is here, and with long-awaited summer vacations, it’s the time of year for road trips. However, going on a trip can become a nightmare if we are involved in a traffic accident.

Most frequent injuries in a traffic accident

 

In Spain there are an average of 150,000 road traffic injuries per year.

Dr. Carlos Israel Puell, a specialist at the Rehabilitation Service of Quirónsalud Alicante and Torrevieja, indicates that "cervical spine sprain is the most frequent injury seen in traffic accidents, followed by back pain and lower back pain." The most frequent symptoms are "neck pain, headaches, limitation of cervical mobility, ringing in the ear and a feeling of dizziness". All of these are if the accident vehicle is a car.

On the contrary, when the vehicle is a motorcycle, the injuries that can occur are very different, due to the fact that there is no protective chassis and the type of injuries often depend on the way in which the motorcyclist falls.

If a fall occurs at low speed, injuries are usually caused by abrasions against the asphalt, but at higher speeds the most injured area will be the one that hits first. "In these cases, the most common fractures would be those of an upper limb, such as a fractured humerus, wrist or elbow," says Dr. Puell.

In falls where the rider does not dismount from the motorbike, the most frequent injuries tend to occur in the lower limbs, such as the femur, knee or tibia.

 

Most common rehabilitation treatments after an accident

 

After a traffic accident, the most important thing is to recover fully and properly from injuries in order to avoid sequelae. The main treatments in this case combine pharmacological treatment (painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs) with rehabilitation therapy. "Here, the intervention of physiotherapists is very important, with the application of massage therapy, stretching and recommendations of exercises and postural hygiene rules. In addition to other approaches such as electrotherapy, thermotherapy, ultrasound, tens, etc.," says Dr. Carlos Israel Puell from Quirónsalud.

 

Only early, professional and personalized attention helps the road accident victim recover quickly and completely.

The assessment and establishment of early treatment is essential to minimize any physical repercussions. In addition, from a medical point of view, it is essential that everyone involved in a traffic accident attend an urgent medical assessment, regardless of the severity of the damage suffered.

The Traffic Units of Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante provide care to patients who have suffered a traffic accident 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. It is made up of a multidisciplinary team made up of specialists in orthopaedics, neurology, rehabilitation and physiotherapy, and has all the necessary resources to offer the best service.

Your health care includes the first emergency visit, hospitalization, diagnostic tests, consultations with different specialists, rehabilitation doctor and rehabilitation treatment, intensive care unit and, if necessary, urgent surgery.

In addition, professionals have quick access to support services (MRI, CT, ultrasound, laboratory and operating theatre) for accurate diagnosis.

One of the keys to this Traffic Unit is the multidisciplinary approach to patients, as most musculoskeletal and spinal injuries require the coordination of different specialties for both healing and stabilisation of the injuries.

 

How to act in the event of a traffic accident?

 

In the event of a traffic accident, we must remain calm and act according to the instructions of the Directorate General of Traffic (DGT).

 

"The first step is to check if there are injured people and help them as far as possible, but without moving them. If the accident has had a major impact or if we are in any doubt, we should call the emergency service (112). The next recommendation is to go or be taken to a medical centre to be assessed by a specialist and start the appropriate treatment as soon as possible," concludes Dr. Puell.

 

How to avail of this service in case of an accident?

To be attended by this unit, it is only necessary to go directly to the emergency department of Quirónsalud Alicante or Torrevieja, where the administrative team will be in charge of carrying out all the procedures with the insurance company of your vehicle and will make complete medical attention available to you. You can also call the number 966 92 63 63 or write to trafico.torrevieja@quironsalud.es.



 

About Quirónsalud Torrevieja

- International medical team

- Free translation service

-We work with all national and international medical insurers

-General emergencies 24/7

-Paediatric daytime emergencies

 

Address: Partida de la Loma, s/n

03184 Torrevieja, Alicante

 

 

 

### Drink and Drugs Don’t Mix with Driving

The DGT forecasts that this month there will be 49 million journeys on the roads of Spain. August is the period of the year in which a greater number of people travel to enjoy their holidays and the DGT has already warned that during all weekends it will launch special traffic regulation and surveillance devices.

But in addition, the DGT will monitor with special intensity the consumption of alcohol and drugs at the wheel in a special control campaign, which will last throughout this week and into the weekend.

The controls in which the consumption of alcohol and drugs among drivers will be especially monitored will last until 15 August. The DGT has already warned that these preventive controls will be carried out "at any time of the day and on any road".

It should be remembered that the new Traffic Law approved this year has introduced the 0 rate of alcohol, both in blood and in exhaled air, for drivers under 18 years of age in all types of vehicles, not only cars but also bicycles, scooters and mopeds with AM and A1 permission. In addition, this regulation includes the obligation that all newly manufactured vehicles dedicated to passenger transport carry a pre-installation of the so-called alcolock, a device connected to the ignition system that prevents the vehicle from starting if the driver exceeds the permitted alcohol level.

The detection tests for narcotic substances are carried out independently of the breathalyser tests or after them when the agents perceive signs of driving under the influence or during preventive controls.

To perform the drugs test, the driver gives a saliva sample, which is collected in a special capsule. A device analyses it and, if the result is positive, a second sample is taken and sent to a laboratory for analysis. The positive laboratory test will serve to establish the sanction and identifies five types of substances: amphetamines, cocaine, methamphetamines, cannabis, and opiates.

To do the breathalyser test, the officer hands a breathalyser to the driver. This device detects the concentration of alcohol in expired air. To reduce the margin of error, two types are used: one more sensitive and the other more specific.

The driver breathes in and out the air in the breathalyser. If the rate is negative (0-0.25 mg/l), the agents allow the driver to continue driving. If it is positive (+0.25 mg/l), the driver can ask for a blood confirmation and the vehicle will be immobilised. Depending on the rate, it will carry a fine and loss of points.

The DGT will monitor these days especially that drugs or alcohol are not consumed and appeals to the responsibility of drivers so that these substances are zero at the wheel. Driving with a level of alcohol greater than 0.50 mg/l in exhaled air, driving with the presence of drugs in the body, refusing to take alcohol and drug tests or driving with a level greater than 0.30 mg/l in expired air if you are a professional driver or your license is not more than 2 years old are behaviours punished with six points lost from the licence and a fine of 1,000 euro. In addition, these violations can be considered a criminal offence.

Driving with an alcohol level of between 0.25 mg/l and 0.50 mg/l or with a rate of between 0.15 and 0.30 mg/l is also punished with the loss of four points and a fine of 500 euro. in the case of professional drivers and drivers with a licence for less than two years, infractions that can also constitute a criminal offence.

Alcohol, drugs and psychopharmaceuticals are a major road safety problem. In fact, half of the drivers killed in traffic incidents last year tested positive for one of these substances or a combination of them.

In addition, 75% of motorists who tested positive had a very high blood alcohol level, equal to or greater than 1.2 g/l, which represents very severe intoxication, according to the conclusions included in the Memory of Toxicological Findings in Victims of Traffic Accident, prepared by the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF), with the collaboration of the National Road Safety Observatory.

### Two investigated for driving over 200 kilometres per hour

The Guardia Civil has investigated two people for a crime against road safety in Madrid and Ávila.

The first of those investigated is a minor under 16 years of age for a crime of reckless driving, with a licence to drive mopeds, who was driving at more than 200 kilometres per hour on the M-410 highway (Arroyomolinos - Parla).

Next to him, in the passenger seat, you can see a 19-year-old man, who turns out to be the owner of the vehicle and who records the events. This person is also being investigated for a crime of reckless driving as a necessary co-operator.

The second of those investigated is a driver of a passenger car for a crime against road safety on the CL-910 highway (Arenas de San Pedro, Ávila), for traveling at 211 kilometres per hour, along a road whose maximum speed is 90, reaching an overtaking manoeuvre at more than 200 kilometres per hour.

Just a few seconds later, he crossed a section regulated by a vertical sign that limited the maximum speed allowed to 80 kilometres per hour, without the video showing a slowdown in speed, all in adverse weather conditions due to rain. The events were recorded by the person who occupied the passenger seat and later posted on a well-known social network.

### Introducing Smart Cones

Although, at first glance, they may look just like any other traffic cone, the DGT has been testing a new version of the somewhat infamous road safety device, the Smart Cone.

PF CONE, to use the actual name, is the first and only geolocated cone in the world and has been developed by ERUM VIAL in collaboration with the DGT.



The cone is capable of connecting with the new platform that the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) is developing, known as DGT 3.0, as well as other government entities, State security forces such as the police and Guardia Civil, and the fire department, among others.

PF CONE provides information on the exact location where an accident, incident, natural disaster or area where road maintenance work is being carried out has occurred.

It has a high intensity flashing light, 360º retroreflective tape and a solid base that provides maximum stability and adherence to all types of terrain, especially asphalt. PF CONE has NB-IoT connection, long battery life, optional solar charging, multiple synchronisations through remote control and sim card connected to a telephony operator.

PF CONE has been designed to signal and geolocate places where there is danger, some type of risk, emergencies, breakdowns or accidents, especially areas where road maintenance tasks, asphalting of roads, works, fire zones, floods, etc. or other danger zones.

The direction of the DGT towards road safety and the goal of achieving zero fatal incidents on the road is increasingly more technological. We have already seen how road users can now use the V-16 beacon lights to replace triangles, but in the future these devices will also be able to connect to the DGT 3.0 platform, so that the exact location of an individual emergency is known in real time, all that remains is for the signals to become smart and connected. Precisely, this last step is the one that is being tested with the smart cone, and, for the moment, the results are satisfactory.

The General Directorate of Traffic is launching the use of its new intelligent cones, which are distinguished from the traditional ones only by two small devices, as if they were light bulbs, that protrude from the tip of the cone. With this new accessory, the cones become beacons connected to the digital platform of the DGT and to the vehicles, in turn, connected to that.

The objective is for there to be a constant flow of information between what is happening on the road and the vehicles that circulate on it, in order to avoid unforeseen events and maintain safety thanks to the ability to anticipate traffic conditions in real time.

The first field tests have been carried out during the 'Gran Fondo Ézaro-Fin do Camiño' test, held on the Costa da Morte (Galicia) in July. Thanks to these cones, in addition to other devices, the vehicles were able to have all the necessary information in real time about the sections affected by this cycling test to choose the route that best suited them without suffering delays or excessively long detours.

During the development of the DGT 3.0 sports tests, V2 beacons were used in the start and tail cars of the competition, as well as smart cones on the roads surrounding the route of the sporting event that broadcast information to the platform at all times. Once processed and compared with the route of the sporting event from TRAZA (the DGT application for sports authorisations), the sections affected by the event could be published in real time. This process allowed participating drivers to be sent notices to their car navigators.

The evaluation of the DGT of the test has been positive and, thus, a further step has been taken in the objective of creating a platform in which all the actors who make use of the circulation routes are connected anonymously, both for provide information to consume it, in order to detect and receive information about dangerous situations that may arise on the road while driving.

The Connected Vehicle 3.0 platform becomes an access point for unique, free and truthful information in real time about what is happening on the roads, information of great value for the entire mobility ecosystem in the national territory.

### Do you know the significance of these Spanish road signs?

Spain has recently updated the Traffic Law, with the intention of hopefully making driving a little safer, and has also introduced a number of new road signs, some of which you might be aware of as the concept exists in other countries, like the UK, but others which are unique to Spain.

Here are a few of those signs which have caused the most confusion amongst road users, not only those visiting the country, but also those who live in Spain.

Sign 1 – Orange warning



This sign was first introduced in March 2021, but has caused some confusion since. The pictograms suggest, rightly so, that this is indicating a "radar section", in other words, a section of road where speed cameras are operating.

And it is true that, at first glance, the image of a car, a truck and a motorcycle approaching a point with waves together could seem to indicate the proximity to a section with the presence of radars. However, the crucial difference has always been in the orange colour in the background.

Actually, the purpose of this sign is to inform us that we are about to enter one of the 300 most dangerous stretches of road in the country. The radar element is true, as the sign also warns us that radar speed checks may be carried out at any time during the day or night, but the sign is intended to serve as a warning that extra vigilance should be exercised over the length of road often indicated with the sign, due to the high number of incidents previously recorded on that stretch.

The Spanish traffic authority, the DGT, set itself the goal of reducing the number of accidents on Spanish roads by at least 30% and, therefore, getting closer to the goal known as 'vision zero': no ​​deaths on the road. With this orange sign, they aspire to reduce the risk of an incident in these sections, controlling excessive speed and, therefore, reducing the danger... even if it is by using the resource of scaring the driver a little.

Sign 2 - Electric charging stations



These are a new series of signs released only recently that are intended to offer help to electric car drivers and are currently being introduced around the country. The signs are 'Fuel dispenser and electric recharging station', 'Electric recharging station' (it simply indicates the location of an electric recharging station) and the third sign is a 'Fuel dispenser, LPG and electric recharging station' , which indicates the location of a fuel service station with availability of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or autogas, in addition to electric recharging.

Of course, if you are not driving an electric car, you don’t need to worry about these. The pictogram you need to look out for looks similar to a fuel filling pump, in black.

Sign 3 - Low Emissions Zone



These zones are popping up in numerous countries. Emissions are increasingly controlled in large cities, and by the end of this year, all larger municipalities, that is those towns with more than 50,000 inhabitants, will have to have Low Emission Zones, and the result of which is this sign.

The sign serves as a warning that only those vehicles displaying an environmental sticker as indicated can enter the zone or risk a fine.

Sign 4 - Dragon teeth



Their name says it all and is clear from the design, but don't be scared if you find them. These “dragon teeth” are traffic calming measures and are currently being painted on some roads around the country as a trial.

They are intended to signal to drivers that they are approaching the beginning of a crossing, so you need to slow down. Thus, the driver will be able to slow down compared to the previous section to avoid a surprise.

Sign 5 – Junction with priority from the right



This is not a new sign, but we have included it as it does often confuse a lot of drivers.

This sign is warning the driver that you are approaching a junction, which may lack any other markings, so it might be an unmarked crossing. However, you should also be aware that the sign does not appear at all unmarked crossings, in fact, very few. The rules however apply if there is a sign or not.

At an unmarked junction, or one where this sign is visible, the priority belongs to whoever approaches from the right side. In other words, we must always give way to traffic from the right.

However, there are a few exceptions that need to be clarified so that you always know who has priority.

If there is one paved road and one unpaved road at the junction, priority always belongs to the vehicle traveling on the paved road. All this, regardless of which side the vehicle approaches.

If it is a junction joining a road, the vehicle that circulates on the main road is the one that has priority on all occasions.

### Who Are the Better Drivers, Men or Women?

Probably since the first car took to the streets, driven perhaps by Fred Flintstone in his foot-powered motor, gender clichés related to the automotive industry have been with us. We have all, no doubt, heard such comments as "It had to be a woman", "women don't know how to drive", "a woman at the wheel, constant danger", and perhaps much worse, and even today, many women have to put up with such derogatory comments, and so the DGT has decided it only right to clarify a few facts about women drivers, the results of which may surprise you.

Why? Well, the reality actually differs considerably from the stereotype, a reality that can be supported by statistics, that, according to the wealth of data that the DGT has at its disposal, women are, in general, better drivers than men. Moreover, it is not necessary to summarise it in one piece of information, but rather in a series of percentages that they hope will help to change your perception.

Women are more cautious than men

As recalled by the Deputy Director General of Training and Road Education of the DGT, María José Aparicio, of the 1,139 drivers killed in traffic incidents in 2019, only 10% were women. This data in itself would put an end to any cliché, but it has also revealed that only 5% of drivers who died with the presence of drugs or psychotropic drugs in their bodies were women.

Of course, there is a definitive fact that shows that women are more cautious when driving, and that is that the vast majority of drivers who lose the validity of their driving licence due to crimes and infractions are men. Do you want to continue dismantling myths in these lines?

More women on the roads… but good data

The percentages that we have seen take on greater weight in light of these statements by Aparicio at the presentation ceremony for the study 'Ellas Conducten por la Ciudad' by the Midas workshop chain, which aims to put an end to the clichés that surround women in driving time.

“Today in Spain there are 27 million registered drivers, of which 42% (11.34 million) are women. That is to say, we are very far from those 4.5 million drivers who circulated in our country 30 years ago, and yet, despite this, of the 1,139 drivers who died in 2019, 90% were men", reported the deputy director of Traffic Training and Education of the DGT, showing that many times we talk about what we may not know.

Women respect the rules of the road more

“Women are much more cautious than men and respect traffic regulations and speed limits more. Our behaviour is more respectful of the norm, something that is not only observed in the commission of infractions”, Aparicio assured, also arguing that 45.5% of the deceased drivers analysed had the presence of drugs of abuse or psychotropic drugs in their body, and of them 95% were men.

"Similar results" can be obtained if you look at the profile of people who lose the validity of their driving licence, either after losing all the balance of points or through criminal proceedings after convictions for crimes against road safety. “Again, the presence of women in these cases is minimal”, she has pointed out.

The city, your most common driving environment

Campaigns like this are necessary to put an end to certain myths that are still heard too often today without paying attention to the reality of the numbers. For this reason, María José Aparicio has thanked Midas for defending this role of women in driving and for the study presented 'They drive through the City', which has also provided other data related to mobility that, due to its importance, should not be overlooked.

“The city is the most common environment for women to drive, and this study gives us very valuable information about the habits, desires, fears and shortcomings of women in the face of the new mobility challenges. Work must be done to achieve sustainable mobility, but without forgetting that first of all it must be safe”, she explained. These training challenges have become necessary to ensure that, in the face of the sometimes drastic changes that we are experiencing, all drivers, men and women, feel safe in cities.

### What the Number Plate Can Reveal

Although there have been different variations, such as those that can be seen on older cars, currently the number plate of a car in Spain is formed of a series of 4 number, followed by 3 letters.

Each series, or, to put it another way, each number plate is unique, and is assigned to an individual vehicle.

It can reveal basic information, such as date of registration, pending administrative charges or validity of the ITV, among others, and it is crucial information if you want to buy a car, if it is abandoned on public roads, or if you have suffered an incident.

In addition to our personal identification, if we know where to look, the car's licence plate tells us many other things. For example, the vehicle's accident history; the homologated emissions of the engine; the expiration date of the ITV and whether the last review was positive or not; charges or any impediments to the transfer of the unit, which is important if we want to know if we can safely buy or sell it.

Also, in most countries there are public reports on each registered car available to anyone who pays the corresponding fees. Therefore, the Traffic offices make two groups of reports available to citizens: free, normally reduced; or the specific and more detailed documentation, with prior payment of the established taxes.

Indeed, in Spain, the free report offers the basic information of the car: date of first registration in Spain, make and model and type of fuel used. The report also indicates if there is any incident that prevents a transfer of the vehicle or its drivability, but without further detail. If you need to know the details, you are going to have to pay for the advanced report.

In short, the first, free report, includes basic car identification data, as well as all the technical information: power, fuel, maximum masses, ITV inspection history and Euro NCAP test results, among others. Meanwhile, the full, advanced report adds information on the disposition limitations that appear in the vehicle registry, which could affect a change of ownership.

Don’t worry though, the advanced report is not expensive. You can consult the current fees on the DGT’s website, but once you have paid you will have access to all the basic information, as well as the identification of the holder, municipality where it is domiciled, ITV history, mileage and loads, as well as technical data, Euro NCAP score and history of car repairs, if it has been carried out in workshops that use the digital maintenance book. Therefore, the DGT recommends downloading the advanced report.

If it’s your own vehicle, the DGT offers, only for the owner or an authorised person, a document that lists the vehicles registered in the name of the interested party. It should be clarified that last year 898,872 copies were registered in Spain, 7% less compared to the 967,326 cars registered in 2020. Although, these figures are still far from the 1.3 million registered before the pandemic, in 2019.

So, how do we request the car report?

The simplest way is online, although you will need a digital certificate, electronic DNI or through the Cl@ve system, but with this, both the reduced report and any of the detailed ones can be requested. Therefore, it is enough to identify yourself and enter the vehicle registration number. For detailed documents, the fee must be paid (it is common to all) and the query must be justified: purchase, data verification, certificate for other administrations, accident or abandonment on public roads, for example.

If your knowledge of the Spanish language is okay, then you can also use the 060 telephone service, where you can manage the three types of detailed report, but not the reduced one or the one called Vehicles in my name. Likewise, proof of identity and prepayment of the fee is required, and the report is sent by email as soon as possible. This practice is one of the most commonly used by the Spanish themselves.

Finally, you can also use the DGT application, MiDGT, with which you can carry your vehicle documentation and driving licence, and gives you access to the reduced and full report. The fee can also be paid in the app. However, to get your digital driving licence you must download the "app" and access it using your electronic certificate, cl@ve credentials or with your personal data and a password that will be sent via SMS to the registered mobile in your name. This is quite a complicated procedure in all honesty, and has become a stumbling block for many people wanting to use the app.

All of the procedures related to licencing and vehicles can be access via the Electronic Headquarters of the DGT, providing you have the secure digital access credentials, at https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/, where the ability to translate the pages into English is also available.

### 6.9 million trips planned for the 2nd special summer traffic operation

From 3:00 p.m. tomorrow, Friday, July 29, until 12:00 a.m. on Monday, August 1, the DGT will be operating a special traffic management and surveillance device to monitor the 6.9 million trips planned by road.



As it coincides on Monday, August 1, it is expected that many Spaniards will start their holidays on Friday, July 29, which will translate, for traffic purposes, into a high number of trips and a high flow of traffic.

In addition to long-distance journeys, these three days also coincide with weekend journeys, those that end their vacations and the vehicles that cross the peninsula to the Maghreb countries within the framework of Operation Passage of the Strait. All this will mean days of high circulatory activity.

Despite the fact that August 1st is still the start date of vacations for thousands of citizens, the trend in recent years has been to fragment them and enjoy them in shorter periods. For this reason and throughout the summer, the General Directorate of Traffic will continue to implement special traffic regulation and surveillance devices during all summer weekends, in order to meet the needs of drivers.

The roads that will have a higher intensity of traffic during this operation will be:

 



 

Measures to make movements fluid

To facilitate road mobility, the DGT will establish the following measures:

Installation of reversible and additional lanes with cones at times of greatest traffic flow and in sections of certain roads.

Stoppage of works on specific roads to minimise the effect on traffic during the days of the summer departure-return operation.

Restriction of the movement of dangerous goods vehicles and special transport in areas of special intensity.

Design of alternative itineraries, in order to optimise travel times and safety.

The holding of sporting events and other events will be limited.

Dynamic signalling through 2,200 variable message panels of the main traffic variables: travel times, alternative routes, incidents on the road, etc.

Timely information on any incident on the road through the newsletters of the radio stations, on social networks with the hashtags #VeranoSeguro and #SaberloEsEmpezarAEvitarlo, on the internet and on the 011 telephone.

…And above all safe

The important thing is to arrive at the place of destination and enjoy the holidays, for this reason, the DGT verifies through the following means that the behaviour of drivers on the road is in accordance with traffic and road safety regulations:

 	To check that speed limits are being followed:

- 780 fixed speed control radars, of which 92 are sectional.

- 545 mobile radars that can be installed on Guardia Civil vehicles.

- 12 helicopters that are equipped with the Pegasus speed measurement system.

 	For Seat Belt Usage and Distraction Monitoring (Mobile):

- 245 cameras installed.

- 15 vans.

- 12 helicopters.

- 23 of the 39 drones available to the DGT have the capacity to report.

 	To monitor these and other behaviours, in addition to the means mentioned above, the DGT has unmarked vehicles and motorcycles that will circulate on all types of roads.
 	To remove from circulation people who have ingested alcohol or other drugs and drive, preventive controls will be intensified at any time of the day and on any road. In addition, in the week of August 8, a special surveillance and awareness campaign will be carried out on this risk factor in driving. According to the 2021 Memory of Toxicological Findings in Traffic Accident Victims, the presence of psychotropic substances was detected in half of the deceased drivers

To carry out the entire device, the DGT has the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, officials from the 7 traffic management centres, specialised technical personnel, employees of maintenance companies and emergency services personnel; all of them will be working during these days so that drivers can make a safe trip.

According to Pere Navarro: "We have everything ready so that the planned millions of trips are carried out smoothly and safely, but we need the responsibility of each and every one of the road users to be able to achieve this. On the road, there are no excuses, because after an accident, nothing is ever the same again".

Simple gestures that avoid accidents

 	Better slower, especially on conventional roads, where the generic speed is 90km/h.
 	Respect the speed limits established on each road and maintain a safe distance from the preceding vehicle. Invading this safety distance is aggressive, unacceptable and, most seriously, it causes accidents.
 	If you drink do not drive and if someone in the group you are with has been drinking, it is your responsibility not to let them drive.
 	Turn off the mobile if you are going to drive or put the car mode on those devices that have it incorporated. There is nothing that cannot wait. Also, if you go as a passenger, do not let the driver manipulate the mobile.
 	Wear your seat belt properly and keep minors in their child restraint system, both on long and short journeys.
 	Stop every two hours on long journeys to rest. Driving fatigue is a bad ally.
 	Special attention to motorcyclists and other drivers due to the vulnerability of two wheels.
 	If you are a bicycle user, in addition to the helmet, you must ride with lights and reflective clothing at night or in low visibility conditions. Drivers must exercise extreme caution and not perform any manoeuvre that endangers cyclists. Vehicles that need to overtake a bicycle will have to do so completely occupying the adjoining lane if the road has 2 or more lanes in each direction. And if the road only has one lane, keep the minimum separation of 1.5 metres.
 	In the case of pedestrians, if you walk on roads outside the town, remember that you must do so on the left and if it is at night or in weather or environmental conditions that significantly reduce visibility, you must wear a high visibility vest or other reflective clothing.

### The Issue with Driving Shirtless

There are two common questions that always arise in the summer months. The first is about flip-flops, and whether it is illegal to drive in them. To which the answer, which we have covered before, is that there is no specific law which deals with such items of footwear, it is advisable not to drive in them, as they can easily slip and become wedged in the pedals. It is also possible that you will get fined for wearing flip-flops if you are unable to prove you are in full control of your vehicle, so inappropriate footwear can contribute to a sanction.

However, the second question, which we are going to deal with today, is whether you can be fined for driving shirtless.

Once again, the law does not strictly prohibit this practice, but as the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) explains, it is a very dangerous act and can be dangerous when driving, and therefore, can result in a fine.

The código de circulación, the laws relating to driving, explains in articles 3.1, 17.1 and 18.1 that any action that prevents safe driving for both the driver and the other occupants of the vehicle must be sanctioned. That is why both practices of inappropriate footwear and not wearing a shirt can result in a fine.

According to the DGT, driving without a shirt is dangerous, since it could cause injuries if the seat belt is activated, and can even result in sunburn. In addition to making driving difficult, it can be a major mishap for the driver in the event of a breakdown or accident.

This is also reported by the Guardia Civil on their Twitter account, where they point out, “Driving with flip-flops or without a shirt can condition your freedom of movement and affect safety....and do you know that it is punishable?”

The sanction can vary depending on the interpretation of the agent. If your actions are considered minor, and not very dangerous, you could face a fine of 80 euro, but if the officer considers that the risk being assumed is greater, you can face a fine of up to 200 euro and the withdrawal of three points on the driving licence.

In the same way that driving without a shirt can carry a penalty, doing it with flip-flops can have the same result.

Remember also that you must maintain the correct posture when driving, or when travelling as a passenger, which is why, although it may be tempting, putting your elbow out of the window, or if a vehicle occupant puts their feet up on the dashboard, which is an extremely stupid thing to do as the injuries in the event of a collision would be catastrophic, can also result in a fine.

 

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 24

It´s summer once again, that that means that the roads are often a lot busier than usual, as we have holiday traffic mixing in with the daily movements on the roads.

We will see the inevitable flow of traffic coming from inland areas and towns and cities towards coastal and mountainous zones as domestic holidaymakers travel to their holiday hotspots, usually returning two-weeks later.

We also have an increase in international road users, some of whom may be a little nervous and not used to driving on our roads.

With all these things considered, the summer is a time when we must all exercise that little bit more patience on the roads. It will no doubt take us longer to get to where we want to be, so allowing extra time is essential, but mixing with unfamiliar drivers brings its own set of unique issues that we have to accept and be prepared for.

That said, we have a lot to keep you occupied in this issue, when you do get chance to sit back and relax, including articles of interest to pedestrians and cyclists, who are amongst some of the most vulnerable road users, and so extra care is always needed around them.

Enjoy your summer, stay safe, and we will see you next time.

### We All Really Need to Slow Down

Choosing advice rather than a change in the law, one of the Spanish Government’s suggestions for dealing with the accelerating price of motor fuel was to suggest that we all slow down. However, as recent evidence proves, the opposite has actually happened, and motorists are actually speeding more.

The DGT has carried out a speed surveillance campaign earlier this month, which is where the evidence that cars are going faster has come from, when compared to the same campaign from a year ago, when there was peace in Ukraine and if you paid for ten litres of fuel with a 20 euro note you would still get a fair bit of change back.

The campaign that demonstrates this has been carried out through 2,274 control points, 351 more than last year at this time. And as incidents on highways and motorways are increasing, 54.4% of the controls have been carried out on this type of road.

Of the 747,303 controlled vehicles, 42,202 were going faster than they should have. That is, 5.6%, when last year, with much cheaper fuel, they were 5.2%. And with regard to the type of road, 6.2% travelled very fast on conventional roads, while 5.2% travelled on dual carriageways or motorways.

There were even 5 of them that exceeded the maximum speed allowed by more than 80 km/h, which is considered a crime against road safety and ended with the offenders being brought to justice at court.

We remind you that fines for speeding are classified as serious or very serious offenses and are sanctioned with fines from 100 to 600 euro, and with the removal of between 2 and 6 points.

Although it doesn't explain the reason for the increase in the number of speeding drivers, one explanation for those being caught could simply be that the driver didn’t know the maximum permitted speed on the road, as the results of a recent survey by Fundación Línea Directa revealed. It would appear fact that a number of drivers lack knowledge about speed limits in Spain.

The study 'Speed, a silent scourge' has shown, the vast majority of drivers on Spain’s roads are “not well aware” of the limits. It is true that there have recently been changes, but knowing this information is of vital importance when driving safely on our roads.

Incredibly, 94% of the drivers surveyed by Fundación Línea Directa did not know the speed limits currently in force well, which means that a scant six percent do know them, or at least claim they do.

The most confusing limits appear to be those that affect speed in the city: 89% of those surveyed failed to describe them accurately. It is true that these are the most complex (and even more so with the recent changes that have barely been completed for a year), but even 50% fail on interurban roads and up to 35% do not know the current ones on motorways.

The correct perception of speed limits is a factor of vital importance in driving since an incident in which speeding comes into play multiplies the chances of becoming fatal by seven.

The generic speed limits in Spain are quite clear: 120 km/h on motorways (unless they run within towns, in which the limit will be 80 km/h), 90 km/h on conventional roads (except in those with physical separation between the two lanes, in which case the limit MAY be increased to 100 km/h) and 50 km/h in the city, although in the latter case with many roads where you cannot exceed 30 km/h (on roads with a single lane in each direction of traffic) and even 20 (on roads that have a single roadway or no pavement platform).

These generic limits may vary in those sections where a vertical sign reduces the maximum speed allowed (on a motorway we can have a 100 km/h zone if, for example, there is a dangerous curve). In addition, it must be remembered that since the last reform of the Traffic Law, the margin of 20 additional km/h that drivers had to overtake is no longer in force.

Exceeding the speed limits is severely punished and, depending on the excess registered by the DGT speedometers, it will be considered a minor, serious or very serious infraction. Thus, the fine will increase both in terms of points and money ... and can even lead to prison sentences if the conduct reaches the level of a crime against road safety.

The economic fines will range between 100 and 600 euro and the loss of points can vary between two or six (although there are also minor violations of the limits, which do not entail loss of points).

If the road limits are exceeded by more than 60 km/h in the city or 80 km/h on the motorway, it will be considered a crime against road safety. In this case, a judge will rule whether the punishment is prison sentences of between 3 and 6 months and withdrawal of the driver's licence for between 1 and 4 years. Other penalties are also contemplated, such as work in favour of the community (with a duration of between 31 and 90 days) or even economic fines of between 6 and 12 months, at a fixed amount for each day.

### In 49.4% of the deaths of drivers in traffic incidents in 2021, the presence of alcohol, drugs or psychotropic drugs was detected

The Minister of Justice, Pilar Llop, has presented the 2021 Report on Toxicological Findings in Traffic Incident Victims, prepared by the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF), with the collaboration of the National Road Safety Observatory.

The objective is to show the results of the toxicological analyses related to the rates of alcohol and the presence of drugs and psychotropic drugs.

Llop has highlighted that in "49.4% of the deaths of drivers in road traffic incidents in 2021, the presence of alcohol, drugs or psychoactive drugs, alone or in combination" was detected. And she added that "75% of these positive drivers showed a very high blood alcohol level, equal to or greater than 1.2g / L, which correlates with degrees of very severe intoxication."

Similarly, the head of Justice explained that public access to these data can serve to better understand the phenomenon and make people aware of the danger of consuming certain substances in relation to road safety. "That this allows us to advance in the prevention of incidents", she said.

The minister explained that with this report "an unprecedented level of analysis has been reached: 90% of fatalities are being analysed toxicologically. This shows that we can work from co-governance between the different institutions on common goals, such as preventing a person dies in a traffic accident due to the consumption of psychotropic substances. We have to continue joining efforts".

The head of Justice has indicated that more and more territories are being reached, and this allows progress in social cohesion through prevention. "The quality of the data allows us to know the reality of each territory and design more focused campaigns that take into account their particularities", she detailed.

The minister pointed out that Spanish society is increasingly aware of the risks involved in the consumption of substances such as alcohol and drugs while driving. However, she has warned that substance use "is still a reality, and this is also reflected in traffic incidents"; and she has called for prevention and citizen responsibility.

In this edition, the memory has been prepared from post-mortem samples of 1,094 deaths from traffic incidents, 812 drivers, 180 pedestrians and 102 companions.

Of the 812 drivers who died in traffic incidents and underwent an autopsy and a toxicological analysis, 401 drivers -49.4%-, showed positive toxicological results for alcohol, drugs of abuse and/or psychotropic drugs, alone or in combination.

Of the total, 92.3% of the deceased with positive toxicological results were men; and the majority, 88.8%, drove a car, a motorcycle or a moped.

The profile of these drivers, according to the report prepared by the INTCF, is that of a man between 25 and 54 years old, driver of a car or moped, who consumes mainly alcohol and, secondly, drugs.

Among young people aged 18 to 34, incidents occurred more frequently on weekends and used mostly cannabis; in the 35 to 65 age range, the highest incidence occurred during weekdays and the main consumption was cocaine.

In 11.7% of the deceased drivers analysed, the presence of psychoactive drugs was detected. "This shows, once again, how important it is to ensure the mental health of citizens", Pilar Llop stressed, recalling that the Government has promoted measures such as the 024 telephone number, for attention to suicidal behaviour, and the Mental Health Strategy of the National Health System.

In summary, alcohol continues to be the most detected substance in deceased drivers, followed by cocaine, cannabis, and psychotropic drugs.

Of the 180 deceased pedestrians, 37.8% gave positive toxicological results for alcohol, drugs of abuse and/or psychotropic drugs, alone or in combination.

This year, the statistical data reflected in the report have been made available to the different administrations and citizens through a public access web portal developed by the General Directorate of Digital Transformation of the Ministry of Justice.

In this way, the autonomous communities (CCAA) can explore in a simple way the toxicological results in the fatalities of traffic incidents in their own CCAA. In addition, the web portal allows a comprehensive visualization and exploration of all the data presented in the memory in an interactive and simple way.

In the presentation, organised jointly with the General Directorate of Traffic, the Government Delegation of the National Plan on Drugs and the Road Safety Prosecutor's Office, the Minister of Justice was accompanied by the director of the INTCF, Antonio Alonso; the General Director of Traffic, Pere Navarro; the prosecutor of the Road Safety Coordinating Chamber, Luis del Río; and the Government delegate for the National Plan on Drugs, Joan Ramón Villalbí.

### Arthroplasty or hip replacement: when and where to perform it

Dr. Maciej Was, specialist in hip surgery at Quirónsalud Torrevieja, clarifies in which cases this surgical procedure is optimal

 

Hip fracture is one of the top 10 causes of disability in adults over the age of 65 in Spain.  It is a serious injury that especially affects the elderly, being mainly associated with osteoporosis and falls.

 

However, there are other risk factors that influence the high incidence of hip fractures in older people, such as age-related decreased mobility and loss of visual and hearing ability. "The combination of these factors increases the possibility of suffering falls and trauma and presenting, therefore, a hip fracture of traumatic origin," explains Dr. Maciej Tadeusz Was, hip specialist of the traumatology service of Quirónsalud Torrevieja.

With these worrying data, the medical sector has looked for ways to recover that well-being and quality of life despite turning years or having suffered an accident.

Hip arthroplasty is the most common procedure when other treatments have not had the desired effect.

Dr. Maciej Was, specialist in surgery of Quirónsalud Torrevieja, explains what hip arthroplasty is and how the recovery process is.

 

What is arthroplasty or hip replacement?

 

Hip arthroplasty, also known as hip replacement, is a surgical procedure in which the damaged cartilage and bone of the hip joint are replaced with metal implants (prostheses).

 

The goal of this hip replacement is to relieve pain caused by deformity or fracture, improve mobility, and maintain the range of motion of the hip joint.

 

When to perform a hip arthroplasty?

 

It is important to differentiate between partial hip arthroplasty (partial hip replacement surgery or hemiarthroplasty) where only the head of the femur is replaced and total hip arthroplasty (total hip replacement surgery) where all parts of the joint are replaced with artificial prosthetic components.

Both are performed through an incision in the hip area and is therefore a surgery that requires regional anaesthesia in most situations.

In principle there are two indications for hip arthroplasty: femoral neck fracture or hip deformity.

 

In case of fracture, the implantation of hip prostheses depends on the type of femoral neck fracture and the general condition of the patient. It can be total or partial prosthesis, and on the other hand cemented or non-cemented prosthesis. Generally, the total prosthesis is reserved for patients under 75 years of age and in these patients non-cemented prostheses are put. For people over 75 years of age, if they do not have hip osteoarthritis, partial prostheses can be put on and if their bone quality is not good to resort to the cemented prosthesis.

 

In case of deformity "an arthroplasty is performed when we have a painful hip with damage to the cartilage, which does not improve with any of the different conservative therapeutic options we have", details Dr. Maciej Was, specialist in hip surgery at Quirónsalud Torrevieja.

Osteoarthritis and other hip joint deformities can lead to pain, stiffness, and limited mobility. Therefore, a total hip arthroplasty will be recommended to relieve pain, improve range of motion and improve quality of life.

 

Techniques used to perform a hip arthroplasty

 

The team of the Hip and Pelvis Unit of Quirónsalud Torrevieja has highly specialized surgeons capable of responding to any pathology of the musculoskeletal system, offering a personalized and quality treatment to the patient.

In addition, new technologies have allowed us to develop new minimally invasive techniques that favour the patient's recovery and shorten their stay in the hospital.

Among the many advantages of this type of techniques we find the following:

 	Less bleeding.
 	Lower risk of infection.
 	Smaller incisions.
 	Almost immediate recovery of the patient.

Depending on the patient's condition and their previous functional situation, a certain type of surgical intervention will be carried out, in order to give solidity and stability to that joint and to recover the patient's gait.

Types of hip prostheses used in hip arthroplasty

 

In general, prostheses that use the following components are usually used:

 	Stem, which is always metallic (different mixtures of metals)
 	Head, which can be metallic (Chromium-Cobalt) or ceramic.
 	Insert, which can be made of polyethylene or ceramic.
 	Acetabular component, which is always metallic (different mixtures of metals).

The choice of components depends on the age of the patient and their particular situation, among others.

How is the recovery after a hip arthroplasty?

 

"The recovery after a hip arthroplasty is a personalized process according to the characteristics of the patient (degree of loss of musculature, mobility deficit, stability of the prosthesis)", adds the specialist.

These types of operations usually have a degree of recovery with a high degree of success. That is, after the intervention the patient will be able to mobilise the leg and return to his daily life, however, depending on the stability, "he may spend some time without being able to fully support the operated leg."

In addition, depending on the needs of the patient, physiotherapy sessions may also be needed to shorten the recovery process and obtain a better result.

The recovery time from a hip replacement can be six weeks to three months, depending on the type of surgery you've had and how your body reacts.

 

You can request here more information about hip surgery or arthroplasty from this link.

Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja

 

Quirónsalud Torrevieja has been chosen as the healthcare company with the best corporate reputation in Spain in 2022.

 

About Quirónsalud Torrevieja

 

-International medical team.

- Free translation service.

-We work with all national and international medical insurers.

-Management of free traffic unit.

-General emergencies 24/7.

-Daytime paediatric emergencies.

 

Location:

 

Partida de la Loma, s/n

03184 Torrevieja Alicante

966 92 13 13 / 900 301 013

info.torrevieja@quironsalud.es

### The DGT Shows Off Traffic Enforcement Tools

During the summer months, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) will focus part of its efforts on a key factor in road traffic incidents, inappropriate speed. To do this, they will launch specific surveillance campaigns throughout the summer. It will do so with an entire arsenal of devices, among which are mobile radars installed in vehicles, and for which the DGT has been showing off the two new models chosen for this purpose, cameras, helicopters and even drones.

According to the provisional data for 2021, 588 people died in traffic incidents due to road exits or head-on collisions: events in which speed was a transversal factor. To this information they add the report that the European Road Safety Observatory (ERSO) has prepared on this concurrent factor in 2021: 30% of road deaths are caused by excessive or inappropriate speed.

The DGT, therefore, will monitor in a special way that the established speed limits are complied with, controlling, above all, the risk sections associated with it, as well as those points where traffic exceeds the established limit and there is a high incident rate. Although they will announce the existence of controls to drivers, there will also be camouflaged mobile radars on which the specific coordinates are not revealed.

To assist in their monitoring of speeds, there are 545 mobile radars that (both during this specific campaign and the rest of the summer) will be installed in both marked and unmarked vehicles of the Guardia Civil. Identifying the latter is complicated because they are conventional models that have been adapted for these surveillance tasks. They are usually of different brands: Citroën, Peugeot, Opel, SEAT, Renault, Ford...

Now the General Directorate of Traffic has shown two of the models that it will use during this summer to monitor that traffic complies with the established limits. In the case of the vehicles that do circulate identified, it will be several units of the Alfa Romeo Stelvio and in the case of the cars that seek to go unnoticed, it is a blue SEAT Exeo, which has a few years under its belt. Using both newer and older vehicles means that the Guardia Civil can maintain an element of surprise, as almost any vehicle on the roads could turn out to be a traffic car.



This fleet of passenger cars will be joined by the camouflaged vans that the DGT uses to detect and sanction the use of mobile phones by drivers as well as the correct use of seat belts. They will not be the only vehicles since the DGT has just incorporated 34 camouflaged motorcycles that are part of a pilot project that will be carried out during the weekends of this summer. With this initiative, the aim is to minimise the incident rate of motorcyclists and for this they will control the roads frequented by this type of driver, where they will check if they carry out responsible driving.

To the vehicles (camouflaged or not), the DGT adds other surveillance systems such as the 780 fixed radars located on hard shoulders, poles and gates and the 92 stretches. It also has 245 cameras (29 are new) to monitor the use of seat belts and mobile phones at the wheel: 60% of them are located on conventional roads.

On the other hand, the DGT has a staff of 23 drones (which identify infractions related to mobile phones and seat belts) and ten helicopters equipped with MX15 cameras, the ones in charge of giving life to the Pegasus surveillance system with which excesses of speed, overtaking with a continuous line, improper changes of direction, absence of the seat belt, use of the telephone at the wheel, etc, are all closely monitored.

### DGT Advice for Camping Vehicles

We are already getting set for a different summer this year than recently. There are fewer restrictions, the weather looks set to be hot, and many people are choosing a different form of holiday, with camping expected to be the choice of many more people than usual, in particular camping in vehicles.

For this reason, and facing the summer period, the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has launched a series of tips to choose the best option of all. It is common for the DGT to serve as a guide for drivers and use their profiles on social networks to provide educational guides on safety. But perhaps this does not usually happen when it comes to recommending the perfect holiday solution.

Differences between caravan, motorhome and camper van

The first thing that the DGT explains is that there are three types of vehicles that allow us to carry the house on our backs. They are the caravans, motorhomes and camper vans, which now enjoy great acceptance in the market. In the first case, caravans, they are vehicles without a motor and that need to be towed. As long as they do not exceed 3,500 kg maximum mass, they can be driven with a B driving licence without problems.

Motorhomes, the best known model, are motor vehicles that have a living area and that can vary depending on the model. The maximum number of seats allowed is reflected in the vehicle registration certificate.

Finally, camper vans are also motorised and, although they have not been manufactured to function as motorhomes, they can be conditioned to live inside. They are subject to the same traffic regulations as other cars.

Now we know the difference, the DGT offers us some advice.

Going backwards

When it comes to towing a caravan, the most cumbersome manoeuvre may be preparing to drive in reverse gear. If it is the first time that you drive a vehicle with these characteristics, it can be difficult to get used to all its peculiarities. For this reason, the official body asks unaccustomed drivers to “practice beforehand”, guaranteeing that nerves and haste will not be combined with lack of experience at the worst possible moment.

Wind

The wind is the number one enemy of the caravan and motorhome on the road, given the low aerodynamics, to a greater or lesser extent, of the models available on the market. If crosswind gusts are dangerous in general, their tremendous effect is greatly increased by driving a caravan. When driving a motorhome, it may not be so dangerous, but it can be very uncomfortable. Its voluminous bodywork is to blame for this.

Height

The total height of the caravan or motorhome is also a fundamental aspect and it is a fact that we should learn it by heart to avoid possible damage when we enter a tunnel or other structure across the road. On the road, a low tunnel may appear and it is possible you could get trapped if you are not very careful and assess the dangers of the situation. Also, the great width of these houses with wheels can prevent passage through those small towns of deep Spain with narrow streets.

Speed

The maximum speed allowed for a motorhome with a maximum authorised mass equal to or less than 3,500 kg is the same as for any car. In any case, it is advisable to moderate the speed, due to its large size. Motorhomes that exceed the 3,500 kg maximum authorised mass and caravans do have a specific limitation: 90 km/h on highways and motorways and 80 km/h on conventional roads.

Be careful when parking

The difficulty of motorhomes is their large size, in every way, and so it makes things tricky when you want to park. When making these manoeuvres, we must pay close attention to the signs that indicate a height limit (those of gauge) or width, to avoid getting stuck, which is the greatest danger when parking. The DGT emphasises, therefore, these tips that should be taken into account if it is the first time that we buy one of these very useful vehicles in summer.

Camping

Once you reach your campsite it is normal to put down the stabilising legs, maybe open the windows, and prepare for a great holiday. However, whereas on the campsite this is fine, this is not permitted on the road.

In Spain, the law is quite clear, motorhomes and campers are not allowed to “camp” on the street. But the question arises as to what defines “camping”, and what is simply a vehicle which is “parked”, albeit of a larger size, in the same way that any other car or van may occupy a space on the road.

There is a distinct difference between “camping” and “parking”. If any of these actions are performed, the vehicle is considered to be “camping”.

Emitting noise, such as by using a generator.

Extending sun blinds and shades.

Vehicle stabilisers or “feet” deployed.

Emptying or disposing of fluids.

Furniture such as tables and chairs placed outside the vehicle.

Side or “swing” windows opened, protruding from the vehicle perimeter.

The above activities can only be conducted in authorised places, such as campsites.

There are activities that a motorhome or campervan can perform whilst stopped which do not fall into the category of camping, in which the normal traffic rules apply.

Occupants inside the vehicle, eating or sleeping.

Opening the skylight or rooftop window, as this does not protrude from the vehicle perimeter.

Using wheel chocks on an incline.

Turning the wheels so as they are secured against the kerb.

All of those activities are permitted, so long as the vehicle is correctly and legally parked. These activities also apply day or night.

### The DGT will spend 14 million euro on new fixed and section speed cameras

When the DGT announced the measures to regulate traffic during the summer months, it recapitulated the means of control and surveillance of drivers, explaining, for example, that there will be 34 new camouflaged motorcycles added to the fleet of vehicles, supported in enforcement by the 780 fixed radars, 92 of them sectional, figures from which the roads of Catalonia and the Basque Country are excluded.

For next year, there will be more. The Council of Ministers approved an agreement of the Ministry of the Interior "related to safety on the roads", which will involve the investment of 14 million euro in new fixed and section speed cameras. Specifically, the money will be invested in 20 cabins and 26 new devices, of which 16 will be sectional (more expensive but effective) and the rest, fixed at a single point.

The measure has been announced by the Minister of Territorial Policy and spokesperson for the Executive, Isabel Rodríguez, who recalled that last year 1,004 people died on the road, "largely due to speeding... That is why, these days in those that are going to produce many displacements, it is important to remember that the speed is moderated".

According to DGT statistics, since 2016 the first cause of fatal incidents is distractions, with almost a third of the total. Next comes the consumption of alcohol and drugs and, in third place, speeding.

The tables turn when it comes to fines. During the past year, the DGT entered 444 million euro in fines, 9% more than in 2019. And it imposed almost 4.8 million sanctions, of which 2.2 million came from fixed radars (including section). That is to say, almost 46% to which another 863,000 complaints of mobile radars should be added (another 18%). In the 'worst' case, if all these fines had been collected at the minimum allowed (100 euro reduced to 50 for prompt payment), speeding drivers would have forked out some 150 million euro for breaking the law.

 

### Indicators!

Having constantly tried various means such as education and enforcement to get the message across, both the DGT and the Guardia Civil are trying a different approach, humour, to try to get drivers to use one of the most important safety features of our vehicles, the indicators.

It can be said louder but not clearer: you have to use the indicators to signal any manoeuvre that implies a lateral movement, such as making a turn, a change of direction, overtaking, parking, joining, taking an exit... These orange flashing lights, mandatory on all motor vehicles, are the only means that a driver has to indicate intention to other road users. Its operation, which only requires raising or lowering the corresponding lever located behind the steering wheel with one finger, is important to avoid a traffic incident or collision.

Despite being a key element in terms of safety, there are still drivers who choose not to use them, which increases the risk to road users.

While the DGT recalls that "they are easy to use and do not wear out with use", the Guardia Civil goes further and, humorously, says "More than 32 million vehicles circulate in Spain, and all of them left the factory with indicators. Don't tell us yours didn’t! If so, auction it off, you're going to make a fortune because it's a unique and unknown jewel. Instead, now we need to use it (the tick-tock is cool)”.

In fact, the “tick-tock” to which the message refers is the one that irritated the Spanish TV presenter Cristina Pedroche so much, who in controversial statements made in 2016 said that “I never turn on the indicator when I drive because that little sound makes me angry, 'tic, tac, tic, tac', that they do when they are connected”.

As annoying as it is, as established by the General Traffic Regulations, they are mandatory to inform other road users about the manoeuvre that is going to be carried out. In any case, activating them does not give full priority or right of way to carry it out. First you have to make sure that it can be done without hindering the progress of other motorists or compromising road safety.

To do this, it is necessary to observe the traffic well through the mirrors and looking around. After making sure that we can complete the move without incident, we proceed to signal the action: we raise the lever if we go to the right or lower it if we do it to the left.

There are multiple traffic situations in which it is necessary to use them to indicate what action we are going to carry out with our vehicle. Such is the case of the incorporations in a road, either from stopped or in movement when we access a motorway; changes of direction, in which vehicles traveling in the opposite direction must also be watched; parking or stopping; overtaking and lane changes; as well as the exits of a roundabout, for example.

In the extraordinary event that they do not work, the indication of the change of direction must be indicated with the arm: in a horizontal position with the palm of the hand extended downwards, if the movement is going to be towards the side indicated by the hand, left; or bent upwards, also with the palm of the hand extended, if it is going to be the other way, right.

The General Circulation Regulation establishes that a turning, change of direction or overtaking manoeuvre carried out "without warning the rest of the users with the mandatory signals, without sufficient notice" is considered a serious infraction sanctioned with a fine of 200 euro. Likewise, any failure of the indicators will result in a failure at the ITV inspection.

### Getting Stopped by the Guardia Civil

It is not uncommon to be stopped by the Guardia Civil, or the police for that matter, whether for a routine checkpoint, or for an infraction, but in summer there is often an increase in checks, so the chance of getting stopped is greater.

It is not necessarily anything to worry about, but it is useful if we know how to act.

Never stop abruptly

If when you are driving your vehicle on the road, if you notice that a Guardia Civil vehicle is ahead of you and turns on a red light together with the priority blue lights, you must stop the car.

Don't do it instantly and abruptly. Instead, do it in a relaxed way, reducing the speed at which you are driving and stopping the vehicle in a safe, convenient and legal place on the road. You should always stop your vehicle on the right side of the road.

Do not get out of the car

Once your vehicle is stopped safely, do not get out, unless the officer asks you to.

By stopping on the road, you expose yourself to invading a traffic lane if you leave the vehicle. Other vehicles can circulate in that lane, which are forced to dodge and you expose yourself to an accident.

The officer will approach your vehicle

The officer will approach your vehicle, normally on the right-hand side, away from traffic, and will tell you the reason you have been stopped.

Be careful resuming your journey

Once the stop has been concluded, after you have been dealt with, do not hurry away. The officer will advise you when to continue and will assist you in joining the flow of traffic.

Why you might be stopped

The Guardia Civil, and the police, can stop you for various reasons. Among them to notify you of having committed an infraction, or to carry out a preventive control such as at a checkpoint. You must always comply with the orders that the agent may give you.

If it is a checkpoint, they may have a sign to assist them, a red circle with a horizontal black line, sometimes containing text. If you see this sign, you must not pass it without stopping.

The documents you may have to present

You as an individual must carry your personal identity document, as will as your driving licence. If you are not carrying your licence, you may find yourself arrested, as driving without a licence is a criminal offence, and the onus is on you to prove you have a right to drive.

In addition, in your vehicle, you must also carry the up-to-date Vehicle Technical Inspection, la tarjeta de la Inspección Técnica del Vehículo (ITV) card, the most recent ITV report, and you must display the ITV sticker on the upper right-hand corner of your windscreen.

If you drive with an expired ITV, the fine is 200 euro. If you have a “Desfavorable” ITV report, you have a period of two months to repair defects and return to the ITV inspection, or the penalty is 200 euro.

If your test report is “Negativa”, your failure was so serious that you expose yourself to a fine of 500 euro.

You must also carry your vehicle´s logbook, the permiso de circulación.

Driving without carrying your driver's license is considered a minor infraction, whose penalty can reach 100 euro. In the same way, it can be punishable, as a minor infraction and with a fine of up to 100 euro if you do not have the vehicle's documents.

And it never hurts to remember that we must always carry the reflective vest in our vehicle, which we must always wear in case of abandoning the vehicle due to a breakdown or if the Guardia Civil agent tells us that we must leave the vehicle at the roadside.

### What neurology services are offered at Quirónsalud to address neurological disorders?

Addressing neurological diseases in a rapid and multidisciplinary manner is already a reality in the Advanced Neurosciences Unit of the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja and the specialty centres of the Alicante province. These centres of healthcare excellence have developed healthcare based on a people centred care model, with a comprehensive structure and the establishment of ‘fast care’ channels.

The Advanced Neuroscience Unit is based on a radically innovative concept in terms of patient care. Dr. Erika Torres, director of this unique project, has devised, together with the rest of the participants, a model where the entire structure revolves around the patient, their families, their needs and concerns, addressing neurological disorders in a comprehensive and personalized manner.

The Unit is made up of a first-class multidisciplinary team and state-of-the-art technological equipment such as Flow Dynamics Magnetic Resonance Imaging and brain CT with perfusion.

M​emory and cognitive disorders department

Dr. Erika Torres, specialist in Neurology, and neuropsychologist Miguel Sánchez Barredo, responsible for the Memory and Cognitive Disorders Programme at Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital, highlighted the importance of being thorough in diagnosing patients with dementia. It is estimated that 10% of people who are initially diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease have chronic adult hydrocephalus.

Quirónsalud has launched a Memory and Cognitive Disorders Programme for a more accurate diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of patients suffering from dementia disorders and diseases, such as Alzheimer's.

The main objective of the new unit is to study the patient from the multiple angles that the disease presents in order to establish a rigorous diagnosis.

It should be noted that few centres in Spain are equipped with a multidisciplinary team as comprehensive as the one that Quirónsalud has, which works with the aim of detecting early cases of the disease to allow early intervention.

Movement disorders department

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative pathology and is second in frequency after Alzheimer's disease. The increase in life expectancy with the respective aging of the population means that its prevalence is increasing rapidly.

According to Dr. Erika Torres, head of the Movement Disorders Programme at Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante Hospitals, “it is a disease that manifests itself in most cases with tremor, and always with slow movements and stiffness. As it progresses, it ends up affecting normal abilities such as walking and in some cases dementia can develop.”

Some of the treatments for Advanced Parkinson's Disease consist of Apomorphine with pen  administration, infusion pump or Parkinson's surgery.

Minimally invasive endoscopic surgery for brain tumours and spine

Brain endoscopy or neuroendoscopy is a minimally invasive technique that allows rapid access to the cranial cavity through small cranial holes, thus avoiding the need for large openings and retractions of the brain tissue.

Interventional neuroradiology area

The Interventional Neuroradiology Department treats the following pathologies:

 	Brain aneurysms
 	Chronic Subdural Hematoma
 	Arterio-venous malformations
 	Carotid Atheromatous Stenosis
 	Vertebral Fractures

Headache department

Headache is the most frequent reason for consultation in the neurology department. Experts say it is essential to carry out early diagnosis and adequate treatment, to avoid the worsening of the condition and any subsequent decrease in the quality of life of the patient.

Treatments include botulinum toxin, infiltration with anaesthesia or the use of radiofrequency.

For episodic and chronic migraine there are new preventive treatments such as monoclonal drugs (anti-CGRP) applied monthly or quarterly by a pre-filled pen that is easy for the patient to use.

Neuroradiology

State-of-the-art neuroradiology is a key element in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological pathologies. Quirónsalud has Digital Magnetic Resonance, which facilitates a more precise and accurate diagnosis of injuries and pathologies of the spine and skull. CT scans allow studies with high resolution images of the skull and spine to be carried out.

 

 

Neuro-rehabilitation department

Neuro-rehabilitation is the process aimed at reducing the deficiency, the limitation of activity and the restriction of participation suffered by people as a result of a neurological disease, and where the professionals involved in this area have the objective of reducing the degree of functional impairment of the patient.

The neuro-rehabilitation service therefore has two units to cover the stages of evolution of the neurological patient (inpatient unit and outpatient unit).

Neuropsychology department

The role of the neuropsychologist is essential for the early detection of cognitive impairment, given that through the tools and knowledge, experts can identify those patients whose cognitive impairment is more likely to evolve into dementia or major neurocognitive disorder.

 Neurophysiology department

Neurophysiology has as its object the functional exploration of the nervous system, using techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), polysomnography (PSG), evoked potentials and transcranial magnetic stimulation, for diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic purposes.

Dr. Esteban De Vicente Álvarez-Manzaneda, head of the Neurophysiology Service at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Quirónsalud Alicante, explains that "transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive procedure that uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain with in order to improve the symptoms of pathologies such as stroke, severe depression refractory to other treatments, tinnitus and chronic pain”.

Maxillofacial surgery department

The causes of a temporomandibular dysfunction are very varied. When the dysfunction worsens, symptoms can become very noticeable and even disabling, making it difficult to speak, chew and swallow.

Its correct diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment by the maxillofacial surgery, rehabilitation and dentistry service usually resolves the condition, avoiding surgery in most cases.

Therapeutic options

Botulinum toxin treatment, Michigan-type discharge splint treatment, rehabilitation treatment where physiotherapists apply techniques to treat TMJ dysfunctions, and TMJ surgery are used.

Neurological nursing

Nursing in the Neuroscience Unit represents a key figure for being in direct contact with the patient's needs on a daily basis. Being its highly valued role due to its proximity and the transfer of information as an intermediary with the neurologist and other specialists.

The objective of nursing is aimed at knowing the needs of the neurological patient and providing individualized advice based on direct and continuous contact, establishing bonds of support and trust between the nurse-patient.

More information on the Neuroscience Service of Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante.

 

### Vehicles that the DGT Requires to have a Breathalyser

Various technological improvements are coming online, all aimed at improving road safety, but some which can have a direct impact on the driver.

In addition to the new traffic laws that came into force this year, a reform has been carried out on the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety that comes into force on July 6 and that requires the incorporation of certain driving assistance systems, known as ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems).

Among them the most controversial is the breathalyser, also known as Alcolock. A compulsory installation complement although with some nuances, as pointed out by the Director of the DGT Pere Navarro.

It is a device that measures alcohol in exhaled air, a lifelong breathalyser, but in this case it is interconnected with the car's starting system, so that if it detects that we have been drinking, it will not allow it to start up.

For this, the vehicle must have a mechanism that allows this connection. Today very few vehicles carry it and most of them are intended for passenger transport.

Well, starting in July, all vehicles approved by brands must have this pre-installation. But, to be clear what that means, it is when a manufacturer launches a new vehicle, or carries out a significant redesign. It will not be mandatory in existing vehicles, not even those currently for sale in showrooms.

Initially, from July 6 will be mandatory for M2 and M3 vehicles which are launched or redesigned. These are passenger cars with more than 8 seats plus the driver. The M2 have a maximum authorised mass of five tons, above are M3. These are known as buses and coaches.

As of July 6, 2022, all M2 and M3 vehicles that have the appropriate mechanism must have a breathalyser, but as of July 6, 2024 all new M2 and M3 must leave the factory with this new mechanism that connects the breathalyser with the starting system.

Pere Navarro himself has declared that at the moment it is not on his agenda to extend it to other types of vehicles. It is an ADAS intended for passenger transport in Spain, currently one of the safest in Europe.

Alcohol is still present in between 30 and 50% of fatal incidents, and its use is predicted to reduce up to 65% of the number of alcohol-related incidents. Today it is a device that is already mandatory in France, Italy, Belgium and Poland.

### How to distinguish different roads in Spain

When we drive around in a different country, such as Spain, it´s quite common that we program the GPS, start the car and start our road trip to our holiday destination, be it coastal, urban or even outside of Spain, then, during the journey, the navigator tells us to continue along the E-90 road, for example, but the signs on the road refer to the A-5 and we end up going crazy. What type of road is the E-90? Have we got confused on the way?

The thing is, don't panic, chances are you are actually going in the right direction. The roads identified with the letter E followed by two or three numbers are none other than those that are part of the European road network, a project based on the entire continent as if it were a single territory to designate, with no interruptions in between as borders or natural barriers, all the roads that cross Europe from side to side. They are managed by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) with the aim of globally identifying each route.

In countries such as Spain, but also Germany, this nomenclature is located next to the country's own code for the same road, which is why we sometimes see different numbers on the route, while in other nations such as Sweden, only the European numbering is used.

Therefore, in Spain, on some signs on the road, be it on the autovía or autopista, which are different types of motorway, but crucially the same, the E-XX sign with a green background is seen next to the already known A-XX or AP-XX with a blue background. They are always identified with the letter E (for Europe) and if they are followed by two numbers, they are class A roads, while if they are followed by three, they are class B.



The different codes that identify Spanish roads

In Spain, there are various codes for the different highways, high-capacity roads and other routes that serve to control the network and keep it fully identified, something useful not only in the event of being in the middle of a trip, but also when suffering from some type of incident and it is necessary to recognise where we are.

The identifying signs will have a letter as a prefix, then numbers, and will have a different coloured background. Green, as we have mentioned, refers to the European route number, and the prefix will be “E”. Blue is for motorways. A red background indicates it is part of the national road network, and the prefix in this case will be “N”, indicating national road, such as the N-332. The numbered signs with a brown background are those under the control of a regional body, such as the CV-905, the CV being indicative in this case of the Communidad Valenciana. There may also be other green-backed signs, again in this case with the regional prefix, which are second level roads under the control of the regional authority. Finally, yellow-backed numbers are third level roads under the control of the regional body.

The blue signs will have the letters A and AP that indicate, on the one hand, the autovías, which are motorways or high-capacity roads managed by the State, and, on the other, the autopistas, motorways which are sometimes managed by private operators and on which you sometimes, but not always, have to pay a toll. Sometimes, the sections of highways or motorways that bypass cities are also identified with the letter that refers to the city, such as the M-30 or M-40 in Madrid.

Then, there are the national highways, always denominated with the letter N followed by the corresponding numbering with a red background. From this level is when the first, second and third level roads begin to be named with orange, green and yellow colours.

The first ones are the most important highways of the autonomous community in question, the second level roads are also often referred to as provincial roads and the last ones, third level, as local ones. These roads usually have a single lane for each direction, they are found connecting towns or small towns that are not reached by high-capacity roads and do not have the characteristics of the former.

### Health reports 8,789 new cases of coronavirus in the Valencian Community, 3,775 of them in those over 60 years of age

The Ministry of Universal Health and Public Health has reported a total of 8,789 new cases of coronavirus confirmed by PCR test or through antigen tests since the last update. The new cases by province are 756 in Castellón (180,568 in total), 2,632 in Alicante (505,653 in total) and 5,401 in Valencia (790,876 in total).

Of these, 3,775 are from people over 60 years of age. By provinces: 356 from Castellón, 1,141 from Alicante and 2,278 from Valencia.

Valencian hospitals currently have 993 people admitted, 42 of them in the ICU: 140 in the province of Castellón, 4 in the ICU; 347 in the province of Alicante, 15 of them in the ICU; and 506 in the province of Valencia, 23 in the ICU. 

18 coronavirus deaths have been reported since the last update, all with a death date in the last 7 days. They are 11 women between 69 and 99 years old, and 7 men between 64 and 89 years old. The total number of deaths since the start of the pandemic amounts to 9,538: 1,124 in the province of Castellón, 3,621 in Alicante and 4,793 in Valencia.

 

Meanwhile, given the now worrying increase in cases across Spain, the Ministry of Health is calling for prudence, and are recommending that everyone wears a mask in enclosed spaces or at busy events.

### Changes to the ITV Inspection

With the outbreak of the pandemic, several elements of the Technical Vehicle Inspection (ITV) stopped being carried out. Mostly those elements that meant access to the interior of the car by the technicians, something that was restricted for reasons of hygiene and to avoid contagion.

But, from 1 July 2022, these tests will be carried out again during the inspection at all ITV stations in Spain, as stated in the new version of the Inspection Procedure Manual for ITV Stations (v. 7.6 .1).

Verification of the frame number

One of the tests that has not always been possible to carry out during these two years is the one that checks the stamping of the frame number or VIN (Vehicle Identification Number), which identifies each vehicle, being something like the equivalent to the ID of the car.

In this test, through visual inspection, it is verified:

Existence of the chassis number.

The state of the same (if it is legible, if it has been manipulated or is incomplete).

That coincides with the number that appears in the documentation of the car or vehicle.

The VIN or chassis number is usually located in three places and depending on the model it could not always be checked from outside the car:

Engraved on the vehicle's dashboard and visible through the front window.

On the manufacturer's plate, which could be under the B-pillar in the door area or on the door itself, but also in the engine compartment, in the spare wheel well, under the passenger seat or in the rear or in the central tunnel, among others.

Die-cut on the vehicle chassis.

The other big change has to do with the reading of the emissions system through an OBD reader. This involves connecting the electronic control unit of the car or vehicle to an external computer, through a socket located in the area of ​​the fuses or under the steering wheel.

This check, mandatory since May 2018, usually requires the operator to access the interior of the car since the fuses can be located on the dashboard, under the steering wheel, in the glove box or in the central console or tunnel.

This technology verifies that there are no errors or unauthorized modifications have been made. Likewise, it allows a diagnosis of possible faults to be made based on what is included in the manual.

Plus

Although it has nothing to do with the access of the operators to the passenger compartment, in the new version of the inspection manual, a novelty is also added and it concerns the tyres.

If the operators consider that the wheels of the car, either all or some, are in danger of bursting (because they have exposed cables, blisters, deformations, breaks or other symptoms that affect the detachment of the layers), the test of resistance will not be carried out due to the risk that it can cause.

### "Knowing it is starting to avoid it": slogan of the new DGT awareness campaign for this summer

A few days before the beginning of July and the summer holidays for thousands of citizens, the General Directorate of Traffic is launching a new awareness campaign to avoid incidents on the road.

This year, and for the first time in the Agency's history, the campaign has focused on incidents on interurban roads, a deadly situation of which there is hardly any awareness and knowledge, as it is limited in most cases to the family or staff. A situation that changes when the victim is a well-known or famous person, in which case the social repercussion is greater.

"Knowing it is starting to avoid it" is the slogan chosen to draw attention to this type of road incident and, to be aware of it, the DGT has resorted to two public figures, famous in Spain; the singer and composer Amaia Romero and the actor Eduard Fernández. Both explain some of the causes for which each year and in the country, more than 100 people die by being run over; some for not wearing reflective elements, others for the driver's imprudence, for crossing in the wrong places or for simply working on the road... all of these situations, which more frequently than is believed, can end in fatal incidents.

One of the reasons that has led the DGT to focus the summer campaign on abuses is the high number of this type of fatal incidents. Last year, 110 people were run over, that is, 10% of the total number of deaths. If only the summer period is taken into account, last summer 23 deaths were registered, 2 less than the summer of 2020 when attention was already drawn to this matter at the beginning of it and 9 more than in the summer of 2019.

In order for the campaign to reach the greatest possible number of citizens, two television advertisements, two radio spots that can be heard on the main radio stations in the country, several graphics for print media and different pieces for digital media and social networks have been created. In addition, the campaign can also be seen during this summer in cinema circuits and outdoors in advertising elements of the cities.

More displacements, although of shorter duration

So far this year, long-distance journeys are above 2019 levels. Taking this trend into account, the DGT estimates for the months of July and August is that there will be 93 million long-distance journeys, 2.4% more than the real movements that occurred last summer and with a significant increase in weekend departures and short-term trips. During the month of July, 44 of the 93 million trips are expected to take place.

To attend to the flow of planned movements and that they are carried out smoothly and safely, the General Directorate of Traffic has established four special operations for this summer:

1st summer departure operation: from Friday 1 to Sunday 3 July.

August 1 departure: from Friday July 29 to Monday August 1.

Special operation of August 15: from Friday the 12th to Monday the 15th of August.

Return operation: from Friday 26 to Sunday 28 August.

It must be borne in mind that Spain is a transit country for millions of citizens from other European countries, who return to their countries of origin in Africa and who opt for a private vehicle to travel. For this, the Government has established a special device Crossing the Strait that has been operational since June 15. More than 700,000 trips by car by road are expected to cross the Peninsula and which, on average, take 15 hours to complete (Junquera-Algeciras and Irún-Algeciras).

In accordance with this provision, the General Directorate of Traffic has the Horcajo de la Sierra and Valdepeñas rest areas open.

In addition to the Strait Passage, there is also the Passage to Portugal. The DGT is in coordination with the Portuguese authorities to attend to the more than 250,000 vehicles expected to circulate in Spain from France to Portugal for holidays.

Concern about the increase in deaths on high-capacity roads

The challenge for this summer is that the increase in planned trips is not reflected in road incidents. In the summer of 2021, 189 people died, 202 in the summer of 2020 and 215 in 2019, figures that represent a huge advance compared to ten years ago, when 324 people died in the summer of 2011.

However, there is a concern in the DGT because this year the fatalities on high-capacity roads are growing. Specifically so far this year, fatalities on highways and motorways have grown by 35% compared to the figures for 2019, just the opposite of what happens with conventional roads, traditionally the most dangerous, in which the accident rate has decreased 1% in the same period.

In an attempt to attenuate road exits, behind which there is usually excessive speed or distraction, the DGT will increase vigilance over this concurrent factor on highways and expressways with mobile radars on board both labelled and camouflaged cars of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil. In addition, during the first week of July, a campaign will be carried out in which speed controls will be intensified on all types of roads and at any time.

For distractions, the DGT has installed 29 new surveillance cameras for the use of mobile phones and seat belts, bringing the total to 245.

Summer with new rules in the Traffic Law

On March 21, the new Traffic Law came into force, with important modifications. Among the most important are:

Mobile: 6 points are deducted for using, holding in your hand, mobile phone devices while driving. Since 2016, distracted driving has been the leading cause of fatal incidents.

Seat belt and protection elements. 4 points are deducted for not using, or not using the seat belt properly, child restraint systems, helmet and other mandatory protection elements. 1 out of every 4 deaths in a traffic incident is still not wearing a seat belt.

Speed: Eliminated the possibility that passenger cars and motorcycles could exceed the speed limits on conventional roads by 20 km/h when overtaking other vehicles.

Alcohol. Underage drivers who drive any vehicle may not circulate with an alcohol level greater than 0.0, both in blood and in expired air. It is an infraction that does not change, it continues to be classified as very serious.

Cyclists. It is now mandatory, on roads with more than one lane in each direction, to completely change lanes when overtaking cyclists or mopeds. In addition, 6 points to deduct when overtaking endangering or hindering cyclists without leaving the mandatory minimum separation of 1.5 m. Stopping or parking in bike lanes or on cycle paths is also prohibited.

Recovery of card points. 2 years without committing violations that deduct points, the driver recovers his initial balance of points.

The General Directorate of Traffic reminds us that we all want to go out, travel and enjoy life... we cannot spoil it on the road. Risking is not worth it, excuses are useless, because road safety is everyone's responsibility.

### Unmarked Motorcycles to Watch the Roads

Within their resources for detecting road traffic offences, the Guardia Civil have used unmarked cars for many years. More recently, they have also included unmarked vans into their fleet, which offer a higher profile to watch over other vehicles. The next logical move, which the DGT is testing, is the introduction of unmarked motorbikes, which they hope will be particularly useful for keeping a watchful eye over other motorcyclists on the roads.

It is worth emphasising that the DGT is extremely concerned about the safety of all motorcyclists when they travel on the roads. To prevent incidents and mortality figures from continuing to rise, especially on weekends, the entity regulated by Pere Navarro is working on different strategies that allow offenders to be caught in the act. One of these new techniques is to use unmarked motorcycles among the public with the aim of curbing inappropriate behaviour.

It is key to mention that in 2021, 241 motorcyclists died due to road traffic incidents, according to data from the DGT. This number represents 16 percent less compared to 2020, therefore a step forward for road safety. It should be clarified that speeding and the consumption of alcohol and drugs are the risk factors that most influence a fatal incident with this type of vehicle.

As the DGT is looking for new ways to make surveillance more effective, one of the latest systems it has tested has been traffic control through large-displacement unmarked motorcycles with plainclothes officers. This approach, for the moment, has only been used in Galicia, specifically in Pontevedra, although, depending on the success, the state body could extend the use to the rest of the country.

When an officer observes an infraction, they overtake the offending vehicle and signal them to stop, at which point they put on a regulatory reflective vest, showing the offender the corresponding documentation.

If you ride a motorbike, it´s worth remembering that the same laws that apply to other vehicles on the road also apply to you. This includes the new removal of the margin of 20 km/h to overtake. Undoubtedly, the measure that has sparked the most controversy among users. But, if the vehicle in front is already traveling at the maximum speed allowed on the road, it will be forbidden to exceed that limit to overtake it. In case of doing so, the DGT fine will be 100 euro.

Similarly, the DGT also toughens the sanctions if we do not protect ourselves in conditions when riding our motorcycle. The penalty for not wearing the helmet or wearing it incorrectly (incorrectly placed, not fastened or wearing the wrong size) has increased from the loss of 3 to 4 points. In addition, if we are caught with a radar detector, whether it is on or off, simple possession will be considered a serious infraction, for which we can lose 6 points and a 500 euro fine.

There is some good news specifically for motorcycle riders though, after many years asking for it, the new Road Safety Law will allow motorcyclists to use intercoms. Of course, they must be certified or approved, but be careful, because they must be used only "for communication or navigation purposes, as long as they do not affect driving safety." That means that they cannot be used for listening to music or radio shows, for example.

In conclusion, the owners of the two-wheeled specimens have many benefits on a day-to-day basis. For example, a lower cost per kilometre, quick and easy journeys, ease of parking and the possibility of free movement in congested downtown areas. In the same way, our pocket appreciates the use of the motorcycle thanks to its better fuel efficiency on the road. But, the use of a motorcycle is subject to the same laws as other road users, an as a vulnerable user, it is important to provide yourself as much protection as possible by complying with the rules of the road.

### Point Losing Offences

The new Traffic and Road Safety Law approved this year imposes more severe punishments for certain behaviours that are considered to have a greater risk for road safety and increases the points that can be deducted from us for committing infractions such as carrying the mobile in hand while driving, not using the seat belt, helmet or child restraint system, and throwing objects that can cause fires onto the road.

Since 2006, the year in which the points system came into operation in Spain, each driver starts with 12 credits, which are subtracted as they commit infractions. Novice drivers and those who obtain a new licence after it has been withdrawn start with 8 points. In addition, if no offences are committed in three years, two more are added to the initial points. And in another 3 years without being sanctioned, another point is added, up to a maximum of 15.

If you want to keep all your points, it is worth knowing what the infractions are for which the DGT can take them away from you and the fines you will have to pay if you commit any.

Serious or very serious offences

Points are lost for committing a serious or very serious infraction. They can take from 2 to 6 points, depending on the severity of the offence. Since the point permit began to operate, the offences that have caused drivers to lose the most credits are speeding, not wearing a seat belt, the use of a mobile phone while driving and the consumption of alcohol and drugs.

As a general rule, you cannot lose more than 8 points in a day, but there are exceptions, in the case of very serious infractions, which can leave you with zero in a single day. Among these infractions are: driving with high levels of alcohol or drugs or refusing to take tests for their detection, exceeding the permitted speed by more than 50%, driving recklessly, carrying a radar inhibitor in the car, circulating in in the opposite direction, carrying out unauthorised races, and failing to comply with more than 50% of the mandatory driving and rest times, in the case of being a professional driver.

Infractions that subtract 6 points

The most serious offences are punished with the withdrawal of 6 points and fines ranging between 200 euro and 6,000 euro. The DGT reminds us that economic sanctions are generic and can be revised upwards in certain cases, such as in the case of repeat offenders, and can even be considered a criminal offence.

Driving with an alcohol content of more than 0.50 mg/l in expired air (€1,000 fine).

Driving with the presence of drugs in the body (Fine of €1,000).

Refusal to take alcohol or drug tests (€1,000 fine).

Reckless driving, driving in the wrong direction or participating in unauthorised races or competitions (€500 fine).

Driving vehicles that have radar inhibitors, speedometers or any other similar device installed. (Fine of €6,000).

Manipulating or collaborating in the manipulation of tachographs or speed limiters (€500 fine).

Holding a mobile phone in your hand while driving (€200 fine).

Throwing objects onto the road that could cause fires and accidents (€500 fine).

Overtaking cyclists without respecting the minimum distance of 1.5 metres or hindering their progress (€200 fine).

Infractions that subtract 4 points

The infractions that subtract 4 points are punished with a fine of 200 euro in general, except for driving without a licence, which has a financial penalty of 500 euro.

Failing to stop at a stop sign, failing to give way or running a red light (€200).

Make dangerous or improper overtaking (200 €).

Not respecting the signals and indications of the agents of the authority or of the variable message panels (200 €).

Not keeping the safety distance (€200).

Failure to use or improper use of the seat belt, helmet or child restraint system (€200).

Driving without having the proper driving licence or permit (€500).

Driving with a suspended licence or being prohibited from using the vehicle you are driving (€200).

Driving in reverse on motorways (€200).

Infractions that subtract 3 points

The infractions that subtract three points also carry an economic fine of 200 euro in general.

Carry out an illegal U-turn (€200).

Driving with helmets or headphones, carrying the mobile between the helmet and the head, manually manipulating the navigator or using the mobile (as long as it is not with the hands-free system) (€200).

Excessive speed: from 2 to 6 points

Two out of every three penalties imposed on interurban roads are directly related to excessive speed, which is present in one out of every five traffic incidents with victims. For this reason, exceeding the limits is considered a serious to very serious infraction and is punished with the subtraction of 2 to 6 points and fines ranging from 100 to 600 euro.

### Washing Your Car in the Street Can Lead to a Fine

There are some fines that might seem a little excessive or unnecessary in traffic law, but they are all based on making the roads safer.

If you don’t keep your car clean you could face a fine of 80 or 200 euro fine, depending on the surface of the car that is covered. The most punished element is the number plate, which must be kept clear, and the sanction could reach a whopping 6,000 euro, plus the loss of 6 points.

But we have to abide by the rules when cleaning the car too. Specifically, you are not allowed to wash your car on a public road. According to article 4.2 of the General Circulation Regulations, “it is prohibited to throw, deposit or abandon objects or materials on the road that may hinder free movement, stopping or parking, make them dangerous or damage the road or its facilities”.

Interpreting the law, when washing the car liquids and other substances are deposited that alter the road. For example, they make the road more slippery, which could prove hazardous to other road users. This, in the opinion of the DGT, justifies the consequent fine. How much would it be? It depends on the municipality where you live, and can start from 30 to 3,000 euro. Of course, following this law, it is also not permitted to repair or carry out maintenance work on the vehicle, such as changing the oil, on public roads.

There are also environmental laws which you could fall foul of. When we take our vehicle to a car wash, the water is recycled, and they have environmental policies to ensure that no damage is inflicted on the delicate local ecosystems. Introducing pollutants such as soap into the local environment can be damaging, and therefore is also, theoretically, sanctionable.

So, however we look at it, it is far better to take our car to an authorised car wash, and on a regular basis in order to keep it clean.

### What´s Next in the Road Safety Plan?

The Road Safety Action Plan for 2022-2023 is the starting point for the implementation of the 2030 Road Safety Strategy, which aims to reduce the number of deaths and serious injuries in traffic accidents by 50% for the year 2030.

This first plan of the strategy brings together all the measures and actions that will be introduced and developed in the next biennium to transform mobility and make it safe.

It should be noted that the 2022-2023 plan is firmly committed to education, training, and information so that all road users are aware, educated and trained. It is also committed to introducing improvements in vehicles and infrastructures, as well as new actions to monitor and control traffic regulations.

TRAINED AND CAPABLE PEOPLE

As the first plan of the strategy is firmly committed to education, it has been decided to introduce road safety education in primary, secondary and high school education. Likewise, the extension of the STARS project has been approved to promote the safe school route. The European STARS project (Accreditation and Recognition of Sustainable Travel for Schools), aims to encourage and reward educational centres that encourage sustainable and safe travel among their students, both on foot and by bicycle.

Accessibility for people with language difficulties and intellectual disabilities to DGT examination services will also be improved and specific assessment centres for drivers with motor disabilities will be created.

Likewise, it is intended that the theoretical test by computer to the displaced examination centres will be extended; incorporate new ADAS systems (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) in aptitude and behaviour control tests to obtain a driver's licence; update the medical-psychological examination protocol at Driver Recognition Centres (CRC); and review the periods of validity of the driving licence, which may see a shorter period between renewals for older drivers implemented.

On the other hand, one of the measures that has attracted the most attention has been the introduction of the new B1 driving licence, which will authorise the driving quadricycles with an engine whose empty mass is less than or equal to 400 kilograms and with an engine whose maximum power is less than or equal to 15 kW. This will also benefit younger drivers, thus improving mobility in more rural areas, it is hoped.

Lastly, training courses will be developed on risks for users of bicycles and Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP) and other specific courses for users of motorcycles and mopeds.

ZERO TOLERANCE FOR RISKY BEHAVIOURS

In order to deal with risky behaviour on roads, the number of section speed cameras on conventional roads will be increased, the main risk behaviours on interurban roads will be monitored, new technologies will be applied to the surveillance of risky behaviour and will see the implementation of the alcolock system, a device that prevents the vehicle from starting if the driver has consumed alcohol, in public passenger transport.

In addition, the General Circulation Regulations have been modified to improve the protection of vulnerable groups and regulations have been developed regarding Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP), related to the minimum age or the use of safety equipment.

It is also currently under discussion that compulsory insurance may be required for Personal Mobility Vehicles.

SAFE CITIES AND ROADS

The new generic speed limits on urban roads that came into force in May 2021 will be monitored and evaluated. In addition, the regulation of Low Emission Zones (ZBE) will be supported and recommendation documents will be prepared, paying some attention to loading and unloading in urban areas.

Different design solutions will also be created to improve safety on interurban roads by means of lateral clearances, the smoothing of margins, the installation of containment systems, the elimination of ditches or the construction of safety ditches... Likewise, the 2+1 roads, whose objective is to avoid frontal and frontolateral collisions on roads without physical separation of directions. 2+1 road is a specific category of three-lane road, consisting of two lanes in one direction and one lane in the other, alternating every few kilometres, and usually separated with a steel cable barrier. The second lane allows faster-moving traffic to overtake slower vehicles at regular intervals.

Crossing safety will also improve, as will pedestrian safety on intercity roads. The first plan of the strategy also refers to the implementation of cycle paths on interurban roads and the installation of protection systems for motorcyclists.

On the other hand, the DGT 3.0 platform will be integrated with data on works, sports events, special transport and roadside assistance vehicles. In addition, the catalogue of vertical and horizontal signs will be updated, as well as the beaconing elements.

SAFE AND CONNECTED VEHICLES

The 2022-2023 Plan includes the approval and dissemination of the manual of characteristics of Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP), which establishes the technical requirements that scooters must meet in order to be put into circulation. Likewise, as mentioned, the promotion of compulsory insurance for Personal Mobility Vehicles is included in the plan.

For its part, the new Regulation of Historic Vehicles is introduced, which provides these vehicles with a treatment similar to that received in other countries of our socioeconomic environment.

Lastly, there is an emphasis on promoting the use of the airbag for motorcyclists when accessing driving licences, and the use of electric vehicles in driving licence exams is encouraged.

 

### The DGT collaborates with other administrations in the electronic processing of complaints

The General Directorate of Traffic, in its commitment to join forces and collaborate with other administrations to improve road safety in urban areas and reduce the accident rate on this type of road, continues to work so that local administrations are integrated into PSAN, the application for the sanctioning procedure that allows the ITV and compulsory insurance complaints imposed on urban roads to be sent electronically to the DGT.

This collaboration between administrations makes it possible, on the one hand, to simplify the work of the local police officers, who are the ones who formulate the complaints, and, on the other, to incorporate the advantages of agility, security and quality derived from the system of the DGT.

Currently, in most municipalities, the local police report using a paper bulletin that is then sent to the Provincial Traffic Headquarters for its corresponding processing. However, those City Councils that have already joined PSAN can send complaints to the DGT directly through their mobile terminals, which greatly speeds up the administrative process and reinforces the principle of exemplary sanctions.

To achieve all this, the DGT collaborates with all the municipalities interested in joining PSAN and helps them in the implementation and development of both the complaints bulletin and the system to achieve integration.

This collaboration is based on Law 40/2015, of October 1, on the Legal Regime of the Public Sector, whose title III addresses inter-administrative relations according to certain principles and details the duty of collaboration, respecting the legitimate exercise of powers that the different administrations have.

Local administrations that join

Since the integration in PSAN supposes an optimisation of resources for the local administrations due to the saving of time and resources that it implies, there are numerous city councils that are in the process of joining this application or that have already done so.

The first to do so, almost eight years ago, was the Cádiz Provincial Council, with 36 municipalities including Algeciras, Jerez de la Frontera and La Línea de la Concepción, among others. The agreement, signed in September 2014, allowed the local police officers of the different municipalities of the province of Cádiz to begin electronically submitting the more than 140,000 sanctioning files that they handled on average per year and whose processing corresponded to the DGT, which meant a huge saving not only of time but also of resources.

Recently, the city council of Arévalo (Ávila) has also joined, the second population in number of inhabitants of the province of Avila and which, with a staff of 12 local police officers and a very tight budget, has completed the integration in this application with everything what this entails.

In addition to these two examples, other municipalities such as Jaén and Ponferrada are also already integrated, and others such as the Madrid City Council are in the process of doing so.

### Special attention to the safety of trucks and buses this week

Today starts a new surveillance and control campaign of the General Directorate of Traffic that, during the next 7 days, will focus on the safety of vehicles used for the transport of goods and people. The campaign is part of the 'Operation Truck&Bus' developed at a European level by the RoadPol association (European Roads Policing Network).

Until next Sunday, June 19, both the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil and the rest of the regional and local police that join the campaign will monitor both the conditions in which this type of vehicle circulates, regardless of the country in which are registered, as well as their drivers.

During this week, the surveillance and control of aspects such as the speed at which they circulate, the hours of driving and rest, the tachograph, excess weight, possible technical defects of the vehicle or the safety of the transported cargo will be focused on. Attention will also be paid to the documentation of the vehicle and the driver, the use of the seat belt by the driver and occupants and the use of the mobile phone while driving, and they will be required by the agents to test them for alcohol and other drugs.

Surveillance will be carried out on all kinds of roads and at any time of the day, especially on those roads where the intensity of traffic of this type of vehicle is greater.

Truck and bus accidents

Despite the fact that 68% of the vehicle fleet in our country are passenger cars, the transport of goods (trucks and vans) has an important weight in terms of road safety, since it represents the second most numerous type of vehicle that circulates on our roads, with 14% of the fleet, and are involved in 13% of the accidents with victims that occurred in 2020 in Spain. In addition, in case of accidents, these are more severe due to their masses and dimensions.

In 2020, trucks weighing more than 3,500 kg were involved in 2,705 accidents with victims, in which 199 people died*, mostly (75%) occurring on interurban roads. Regarding buses, in 2020 there were 1,362 accidents with victims in which a vehicle of this type was involved in which 18 people died*. In this case, 90% of these accidents took place on urban roads.

*Deceased occupants of said vehicles or third parties, that is, people who were traveling at the time of the accident in another vehicle other than the truck or bus that was involved in the accident.

Buses, for their part, even though they only represent 0.2% of the total fleet, are involved in 2% of accidents with victims, most of them occupants of the other vehicles involved in the accident. As can be seen, during 2020, of the 18 deaths, 15 correspond to occupants of third-party vehicles.

Inappropriate behaviours are one of the reasons why the EU continues to remind us of the importance of enforcing traffic laws and of implementing campaigns like the one that is taking place this week in many European countries.

### Carrying Your Shopping on the Back Seat Can Result in a Fine

Carrying your shopping on the back seat of the car is never a good idea. In the event of a collision, or even sudden braking, the items can become projectiles and shoot forward, causing any amount of personal or material damage.



That is why, according to the DGT, leaving loose packages in the rear seats of the vehicle can lead to a fine of 200 euro, which includes your supermarket purchases, which many people, oblivious to the danger, do on a daily basis.

This infraction is reflected in article 14 of the General Traffic Regulations (RGC). It says that the cargo transported in a vehicle must not "drag, fall totally or partially or move in a dangerous way." In that same section it is specified that the load cannot “compromise the stability of the vehicle” or it can involve a fine of 200 euro.

That is the reason why whatever you are transporting in your vehicle, it must be secure. The boot is the best place for carrying goods of course, although you can also benefit, at times, from a mesh in some vehicles.

In the most simple of terms, everything you carry in your vehicle must be secure.

Similarly, during the summer months in particular, we often see passenger-carrying vehicles overloaded with items for that exciting day out at the beach, perhaps.

This can also lead to a fine, as your vehicle cannot be overloaded, not only for the considerations of weight and stability, but limiting mobility or hindering the driver's vision also carries a fine of 200 euro. This is what the regulation says: «The driver of a vehicle is obliged to maintain their own freedom of movement, the necessary field of vision and permanent attention to driving, which guarantee their own safety, that of the rest of the occupants of the vehicle and that of other road users. For these purposes, you must take special care to maintain the proper position and that the rest of the passengers maintain it, and the proper placement of the objects or animals transported so that there is no interference between the driver and any of them ».

For the reasons of “maintain the proper position”, you must also be seated correctly in the vehicle. Just having an arm out of the car can be seen as failure to maintain that proper position, as, quite clearly, it is the case when you see passengers with their feet up on the dashboard.

In addition, carrying a heavily loaded car also carries other risks, such as an object falling onto the road. The fine for this amounts to 500 euro, since it poses a danger to other users.

### "The 2030 Road Safety Strategy is the roadmap to halve road deaths by the end of this decade"

The Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, has presented the strategy, a compendium of guidelines that will guide the actions of public administrations, associations and entities in the sector, the business world and academia during this decade.









The Minister of the Interior has presented the 2030 Road Safety Strategy at the headquarters of the General Traffic Directorate (DGT), a document that aims to be the national reference framework for road safety policy with the aim of halving the number of deaths and serious injuries caused by traffic incidents by the year 2030.

Grande-Marlaska has highlighted that this new strategy is born from the experience accumulated in the last decade, from the analysis of European policies and the most significant guidelines of different international organisations and from the work of analysis and reflection carried out within the Higher Traffic Council and Road Safety.

"It unites the vision of supranational and national organisations, because I have always defended that road safety policy should not belong to a ministry, not even to a government: it concerns us all, it is everyone's responsibility and we have to design it together with the globalised world we live in", added the Minister of the Interior.

The objective of the strategy is aligned with those of international organisations such as the United Nations and the European Union, to reduce the number of deaths and serious injuries in road incidents by 50 percent. "We know what we want, we know where we are going and we know how to do it to maintain the process of progress and improvement that we are all committed to," continued Grande-Marlaska.
Mobility transformations
In drawing up the strategy, the DGT experts have taken into account factors that are going to cause major transformations in the area of ​​safe mobility in the near future, such as climate change, the aging of the population, the commitment to sustainability of the youngest, the incorporation of technological advances and the consolidation during this decade of the so-called 'safe system', a new vision on the origin and prevention of road traffic incidents.

Based on this analysis, the 2030 Road Safety Strategy was born with the necessary flexibility to adapt to the changes that are going to take place in the field of safe and efficient mobility, thanks to its articulation through successive biennial action plans.

To achieve the objective set, to reduce by half the number of deaths and serious injuries, the strategy has nine strategic areas and 62 lines of action that will be defined in the successive biannual plans. Information on the content of the strategy can be found at this link .
Biennial Plan 2022-2023
The Road Safety Action Plan 2022-2023 includes the actions that will be carried out during this period to achieve safe mobility. This first plan is committed to education, training and information so that road users are educated and trained, together with actions to monitor and control traffic regulations and improvements in vehicles and infrastructure.

Some of the actions included in this biennial plan are:

 	The next school year begins to gradually teach safe and sustainable mobility education. For the first time in the history of our country, training in safe and sustainable mobility is included in the school curriculum. The royal decrees for Primary, Secondary and Baccalaureate that develop the LOMLOE, and which have already been published, will allow students to leave the educational system with basic training in road safety.
 	A new degree in Vocational Training for the 2022-2023 academic year. The Ministry of Education, at the proposal of the General Directorate of Traffic, created the new title of Superior Technician in Safe and Sustainable Mobility that will also begin its journey in the next school year. This new title values ​​mobility and will enable students, future professionals, to be trained to meet the growing demand in this sector. It will also qualify to be a teacher of private driving schools.
 	Safe and Efficient Driving Courses for motorcycles and passenger cars. Consolidated as good practice, they have been included in the Traffic Law as an instrument that will allow drivers to recover two points from their balance if they carry them out. The Ministerial Order that develops them is expected to be approved by the end of this year.
 	Courses for motorcycle workers subsidized by the FUNDAE. The Foundation for Training in Employment, at the request of the DGT, has included this subject in its catalogue of subsidised courses so that companies can offer it to their motorcycle workers. A booming means of labour displacement due to the increase in e-commerce and its urban distribution.
 	New driving license B-1 from the age of 16. This permit, already provided for in the European Driving Permit Directive, will enable you to drive motorised quadricycles with a maximum speed of more than 45km/h. Until now, these vehicles can only be driven with a B permit. This measure is intended to promote electric vehicles and increase mobility options in areas with lower population density.
 	Promotion of the airbag through the obligation of its use in traffic tests to obtain a motorcycle driving license and the acquisition of airbags for the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil.
 	Renewal of permits. Review and update of the renewal periods for driving licences in accordance with the provisions of the European Driving Licence Directive, extending it for young people and reducing it for the elderly.
 	Updating of the Medical-Psychological Examination Protocol at Driver Recognition Centres in collaboration with the Ministry of Health and the Spanish Society of Traffic Medicine.
 	Greater regulation of personal mobility vehicles in coordination with the municipalities to establish parameters such as the minimum age, the use of a helmet, the equipment or compulsory insurance, all of which will be regulated in the Traffic Regulations to protect vulnerable users. The implementation of a compulsory insurance is also foreseen, by means of the corresponding legislative modification.
 	Empower the connected vehicle. Since April 2017, the General Directorate of Traffic has been promoting connectivity between vehicles and other mobile elements of traffic, as well as the distribution of data to other Administrations and service providers through the National Traffic and Mobility Access Point. During these two years, the geolocation use cases of the emergency vehicles, the new V-16 signal, the works, the sports events and the special transports will be implemented. In addition, connectivity with municipalities will be enhanced, in order to integrate information on traffic restrictions, incidents, low-emission zones, loading and unloading areas, available parking spaces...
 	New Regulation of Historic Vehicles with the objective of preserving the historical heritage and promoting its knowledge as well as promoting an important sector of our economy and with the aim of facilitating the procedure for the classification of these vehicles. This new Regulation will facilitate and simplify the procedure for classifying a historic vehicle, inspired by the legislation of the United Kingdom and France, which are the countries that have the most historic vehicles registered
 	Approval of a new catalogue of vertical and horizontal signs (urban and interurban), as well as collaboration with road owners to promote safe infrastructure design solutions (overtaking zones, 2+1 road sections) design of margins and solutions for the reduction of track exits.

Opportune moment
The presentation ceremony of the Road Safety Strategy was opened by the Undersecretary of the Ministry of the Interior, Isabel Goicoechea, who was succeeded in speaking by the General Director of Traffic, Pere Navarro, who recalled that the movement of Long-distance traffic have increased to values ​​higher than those registered in 2019 (2 percent more) and there has been an increase in fatalities. Between January and May, 439 people have died on the roads, 24 more (6 percent) than in 2019.

A few days before the beginning of summer, the time of year when the greatest number of trips take place, Navarro has wished that "the measures of the biannual plan that we are implementing must help us to stop this slight increase in the incident rate, but we are convinced that we cannot achieve it alone. Road safety requires the collaboration of all citizens, because the behaviour of each one on the road has direct consequences on the rest of the actors who share the road. Let us respect the traffic regulations, because together we all contribute road safety and together we add life".

The presentation ceremony of the 2030 Road Safety Strategy has continued with the intervention, via telematics, by Nhan Tran, head of Safety and Mobility of the World Health Organisation, which can be viewed at this link.

Tran recalled that Spain is one of the European and world countries with the lowest road incident rates and was grateful that this strategy is aligned with the Global Action Plan for Road Safety and with the 'safe system' approach.
Next, Matthew Baldwin, former European Coordinator for Road Safety of the Directorate General for Mobility and Transport (MOVE) of the European Commission, congratulated Spain for the comprehensive approach of the strategy, in line with that of the European Union, for the work done that has made Spain one of the leading countries in road safety in Europe and for being mentors of other countries with decisive commitments in road safety. This intervention is available at this link.

### Slow Down to Save Fuel

The energy crisis we are currently experiencing brings us closer to the possibility of once again seeing the lowering the maximum permitted speed limit on motorways from 120 to 110 kilometres per hour. This is one of the options currently being considered by the Spanish Government, among other solutions.

Some areas, such as around Catalonia, there are calls to make this reduction permanent on the grounds of safety, after some motorways have seen an increase in the number of collisions and incidents since tolls were removed.

However, safety aside, when it comes to fuel, according to some experts, significant savings in are achieved when we reduce our speed.

Even though the government has yet to make a decision on this, they too are saying that it is a good idea now, and should be encouraged, since driving at 110 kilometres per hour instead of 120 saves 9% on fuel.

All drivers will now that in recent weeks the price of petrol and diesel have experienced a significant increase in their prices and have reached historical maximums, something which we believe is set to continue for some time yet, with prices set to increase even more over the next few weeks.

It might be obvious, but pressing the accelerator sends fuel into the combustion chamber to increase power and speed. Although it is a normal process in a vehicle. The more we press that accelerator, the more fuel is sent to the engine, and therefore, as more is used, our costs increase.

If we take 1 year or 15,000 kilometres as a reference, a car with moderate consumption will take approximately 1,000 euro out of the owner's wallet. However, this figure can be much higher if we drive aggressively and do not take into account other factors that can harm the efficient performance of the vehicle.

If we drive in the correct gears, avoid accelerating too harshly, and slow down just a little, we can make significant savings. There are other tips we can keep in mind too.

The Government is trying to ease the pressure with the discount of at least 20 cents per litre, but as this discount is not indicated on the main price display, it is not always easy to work out the final price. It is worth keeping an eye on the advertised price on a regular basis. In the past, at certain gas stations, it was sometimes the case that refuelling on a Monday was cheaper, but as prices are not fluctuating at the moment, and only seem to be increasing, this is not really a factor anymore.

Make sure you don’t keep the engine running unnecessarily. Sometimes we do not know how long our vehicle will remain stopped, but if the period is greater than two minutes, it is better to turn the engine off to prevent the engine and air conditioning from consuming fuel. There are of course some vehicles that suspend the engine automatically in situations of total stop; keeping other car functions active, thus providing fuel savings and reducing emissions.

Don’t overload your car. If you are carrying around lots of unnecessary items in the boot, take them out. If our car is heavier, the effort of the engine to move it will be greater and, therefore, the cost of fuel will be considerably higher. On the other hand, a common mistake is to supply accessories that do not meet the vehicle's specifications in terms of weight and dimensions. It is advisable to equip your vehicle with only original accessories.

Check your tyre pressure regularly. It is essential to keep tyre pressure at the correct level. This will provide greater safety by increasing traction and reducing the probability of punctures, which will also improve fuel consumption (because the resistance of the wheels will be less). Due to this, it is ideal that you get advice on the recommendations to calibrate the wheels according to the specific use of your car.

There are a number of websites and apps available to monitor local fuel prices, although a simple tool is also available in Google Maps. This allows you to monitor local fuel prices in real time, although, as we mentioned earlier, the prices are pre-discount, so not always easy to work out the end price.

Whether the Government do decide to enforce a reduction in speed limits is something we will just have to wait and see at this time, but using these tips, we can save a little bit, which will hopefully ease the burden of rising fuel prices.

### In Spain we Drive on the Right

“In Spain we Drive on the Right” might seem like an obvious thing to say, as it makes the point which we hope is quite clear, in Spain we do indeed drive on the right, but the law goes much further than that, in fact, the General Traffic Regulations leave no room for doubt, “Drive in the right lane whenever possible”.

We are actually going to talk a little bit about not driving in the correct lane. The law is quite clear, if a road has more than one lane, the additional lanes, perhaps central or on the left, are only for overtaking or for when the traffic/road circumstances make it advisable, as long as the progress of another vehicle that follows is not hindered. Once the overtaking manoeuvre is complete, you must return to the right-hand lane, the normal driving lane.

However, thousands of drivers in Spain abuse the centre lane every day or suffer from the so-called left lane syndrome. It is one of the most frequent traffic problems in the country and is presumed to be as a result of a general lack of driver education.

The DGT regularly draws attention to the problem of “hogging” the left or the central lane, either through campaigns, with the luminous panels of the road or through social networks.



It is enough to drive for a few minutes on any Spanish dual carriageway or motorway to verify that driving in the wrong lane, the overtaking lanes, is common practice. But it is even more common on roads with three or more lanes.

There are people who have excuses of all kinds to justify driving in the left or centre lane. Potholes on the right side of the road, exclusivity of trucks and slow vehicles to circulate in the right lane, driving at the maximum speed of the road and state that no one has the right to overtake them because the speed limit cannot be exceeded, remaining in the central lane so as not to disturb those who join and leave the road, etc. But absolutely none of these excuses have foundation.

Of course, when traffic/road circumstances make it advisable, there is no problem in using these lanes. But they are exclusively for overtaking, not for driving.

Driving in the centre or left lane triggers problems and very dangerous behaviours. To begin with, the movement of the rest of the vehicles is hindered. If a car is constantly driving in the centre lane while the right lane is empty, another car driving correctly and wanting to overtake it must make more lane changes than necessary, both to pass it and to return to the right lane.

Abusing the central lane hinders circulation and is synonymous with slow traffic. Believe it or not, this is the reason for many of the traffic jams that take place on our roads every day. Road traffic experts maintain that if everyone circulated correctly, the flow of traffic would be much greater.

Another problem is that driving in the middle or left lane triggers other dangerous behaviours. The most common has to do with the safety distance.

Seeing that the vehicle in front does not circulate on the right when that lane is free, some drivers consider it appropriate to carry out a campaign of harassment against the vehicle that circulates incorrectly to pressure its driver, to move aside and continue their journey without disturbance. It is even more serious when the driver of the vehicle behind asks to pass with the left turn signal, high beams or horn. The behaviour of both drivers in these cases is unfortunate and very dangerous.

Another of the behaviours that generates the abuse of the central and left lane is that of overtaking on the right. Under no circumstances is it allowed to act in this way. It carries a fine of 200 euro and the withdrawal of four points from the licence. It is clear that dealing with drivers who have left lane syndrome or who abuse the centre lane is exasperating for all those who drive well, but you should never overtake on the right.

Road safety associations continue to call for more action from the DGT and traffic police for this type of behaviour, with more surveillance and fines being issued, but also for better driver education.

In Spain, we do indeed drive on the right, but we must remember that on roads with more than one lane, that notion still applies, which is why the right-hand lane is considered the normal driving lane.

Incidentally, although in the UK they drive on the left, the same concept also exists.

### The DGT Explains What Parts of the Car are Reviewed in the ITV

To drive on the road, the car needs to pass the Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, a vehicle inspection similar to the UK’s MOT, commonly known as the ITV.

In the inspection, it is verified that the vehicle complies with the safety and polluting emission standards, whilst the technicians verify that there are no faults that could endanger road safety.

But many will wonder what parts of the car are reviewed in the ITV that is mandatory every two years until they are 10 years old. The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) have provided a list of all the components of the vehicles that are inspected so that they satisfy these minimum safety requirements and have the permit to drive on the road, an accreditation that translates into a sticker that drivers must display on the front window.

What parts of the car are reviewed in the ITV

- Vehicle identification. The ITV not only looks at the state of the car. It is also important that the make, model, chassis number and licence plate of the vehicle coincide with those indicated in the documentation of the vehicle that is presented. When an appointment for the exam is made, the originals of the Tarjeta de Inspección Técnica, the ITV card, and the Permiso de Circulación, the logbook, must also be presented.

- Bodywork. The exterior part of the vehicle» must not present rust and/or corrosion defects in elements that affect the safety systems or edges that could cause injuries to pedestrians. For this reason, the test verifies that elements such as the windscreen wipers and the doors work correctly. Nor can any mirror be missing, and they must be in good condition. Likewise, the vehicle’s windows must be approved and without damage that affects vision when driving.

Inside. During the ITV test, the seats are examined to verify that they are well attached to the bodywork. In case of incorporating child restraint systems, the technicians will check that they are appropriate for the safety of the little ones. In this sense, there can be no elements that prevent or hinder visibility. Also, the operation of the antifreeze, antifog and the antitheft and speedometer are reviewed.

Lighting and signage. Through a tool called a regloscope, the status of the dipped and main beam lights is inspected. Both the signalling and lighting elements must be approved and comply with Traffic regulations.

- Emissions. The technicians check that the vehicle does not exceed the maximum emission limit depending on the date of manufacture and the type of fuel used. Its impact on noise pollution is also crucial so that it does not exceed the permitted noise.

- Brakes. Brakes are an important element for safety. That is why his review is very exhaustive: its operation, from the pedal to the wheel cylinder.

- Steering. The steering wheel also undergoes a complete inspection to verify that it does not present a fault in its operation. To do this, the column, the steering box, all the linkage and the ball joints of the vehicle's steering mechanism must be in good condition.

Axles, wheels, tyres and suspension. The status of all these items is checked. The tyres must be approved and be those indicated for the vehicle model. Likewise, the suspension components, their fixings, damage, leaks or protections are inspected.

Engine and transmission. In this part of the vehicle, great care is taken to ensure that the engine does not leak oil. Thus, the anchors, the battery, the fuel tank, pipes, exhaust system, the state of the transmission and its possible losses are also checked.

### Cycling Respect

As children, many of us were taught to ride a bike, taking its learning as one of our first most outstanding feats. Over the years, this children's entertainment has become more of a sustainable and practical alternative to go anywhere. In fact, the use of the bicycle is increasing as it is seen more and more as an efficient, economical, healthy and environmentally friendly form of travel.

The bike is gaining more and more prominence on Spanish roads. It is healthy and ecological, yes, but it also frees us from the unbearable traffic that breaks the harmony of urban centres. But they are not without a weak point, especially when it comes to safety. Cyclists are amongst some of the most vulnerable road users, which is why the DGT has dedicated itself integrating this vehicle into the daily activity of people so that it becomes a means of transport as valid and safe as any other.

With the new Road Safety Law, the General Directorate of Traffic states that endangering or hindering a cyclist in an overtaking event will result in the loss of 6 points and a 200 euro fine. When you are overtaking a cyclist, you must change lanes if there is more than 1 in each direction, taking your position totally in the second lane to overtake. If there is only one lane, then you must always maintain a lateral distance of at least 1.5 metres when you overtake. If you are unable to do this, it is quite simple, you must not overtake.

However, beyond overtaking, if cyclists are treated like other vehicle drivers, they not only have rights but also obligations. That is why they too must respect a series of traffic regulations to guarantee maximum safety on the road.

If a cyclist joins the road in a dangerous way, such as at a junction, without giving way, they can receive a fine of 200 euro. Therefore, before pulling out it is very important that all cyclists observe the road to which they are going to join. Logically, what you have to watch out for is that the cars are not nearby. If they are far away, in such a way that there is no danger to start the manoeuvre, then you may proceed.

Perhaps this situation has never occurred to you, but if you ride at night or during periods of poor visibility, you must make sure that everyone can see you. Again, there is no distinction between vehicles, of which the bicycle is one. Cyclists must have their lights on at the front and rear whenever they ride at night, but also in underpasses or, for example, when riding through tunnels. Not having the lights on means a fine of no more and no less than 200 euro. High visibility clothing must also be worn during these times.

It must be insisted that traffic lights and all vertical signs (stop, give way, limited speed...) are for all vehicles. Here, obviously, cyclists are included. This is why something as simple as it is dangerous like skipping a red light is punishable by a fine of between 150 and 500 euro.

Signalling your intentions to other road users is also a very good idea, so that they can react to your proposed movements in time. Using your arms to signal your intention to turn left or right, or moving your arm alternately up and down, with short, quick movements, to indicate you are slowing down or stopping, will help other road users.

In conclusion, a bicycle when used on the road is considered a vehicle and must comply with all the same rules and laws as everyone else. However, they are also very vulnerable and so must be given the appropriate space to ride, a respect that works both ways.

### How to Appeal a Fine from the DGT

If you have been caught committing a traffic offence, you are most likely to have been issued with a fine. However, sometimes mistakes do happen, or maybe you weren’t responsible for the offence being committed, in which case there is a procedure for appealing.

The DGT filed an average of 10,000 traffic fines per day in 2020, sanctioning 3,877,297 drivers.

If you agree to the fine and decide to pay the sanction that corresponds to you, you will benefit from a 50% reduction in the amount, which is commonly called 'prompt payment' (only available to those who do not complain).

Assuming now that you have decided not to accept prompt payment and intend to appeal the fine, you have a period of 20 calendar days to present your allegation from the date of notification, which you may have received live on the road, by post, or, if you have already registered for the service, by email, bearing in mind what we have previously said about the DGT not normally notifying you of a fine by email unless you have expressly requested they do so in advance.

In the event that the DGT tries to notify you at your postal address and does not locate you, they will publish the sanction on the Single Edictal Board. From then on, you also have 20 days to present the pertinent allegations.

You have three ways to file an appeal for a fine: Online, through the DGT web application with prior identification; by post, including your letter of allegations to the address of the Traffic Headquarters that is taking the sanction or to the Automated Complaints Treatment Centre (original documents or certified photocopies); and the third way is to do it in person at any Traffic Headquarters or Office.

There are two people who can present allegations, both the accused and the owner of the vehicle with which the offence was committed, in the event that the person responsible for it has not been identified by an officer. The allegation can also be presented by another person as long as they have a document signed by the interested party authorising them to make the request.

Be careful because the owner of the vehicle in question must correctly identify the fined driver in their car, otherwise they would be committing a very serious offence fined up to 1,500 euro.

Normally, both the DGT and the municipalities have one year to collect the corresponding fine.

When you submit your appeal, it is essential that you quote the disciplinary file number, which is made up of 12 figures and is found at the head of the communication sent by the DGT. If you present the allegations by another means that is not online, you also need to write a document explaining your allegations or the requested appeal. The DGT does offer a template that you can follow as a guideline.

As part of your appeal, provide all the documents that you think can exonerate you from the sanction. Traffic will analyse the evidence and decide whether or not you are right, issuing a resolution proposal that can be acquittal (the interested party is not sanctioned) or condemnatory (the interested party's allegations are dismissed).

If the resolution is condemnatory. Don't worry, all is not lost yet. If you do not agree with the resolution, you have the option of filing an appeal for reconsideration and you have a period of one month from the notification of the resolution to present it. If your arguments are not admitted by administrative means, you have the option of resorting to judicial means through a contentious-administrative appeal.

However, in this last case you need a lawyer, but the process itself of presenting allegations and appeals is totally free.

The DGT website can be accessed at www.dgt.es, where, once you have registered, you can access the electronic office to carry out a variety of functions, including fines, or MULTAS in Spanish, where you can also obtain more details about the appeals process, which can also be translated into English.

### The Importance of Checking your Windscreen Wipers

It might seem obvious, but visibility is essential to safe driving. For this, we must keep our car in good condition, including the windscreen wipers, which, according to the DGT, should be replaced more frequently than you perhaps realise.

In time, there will be signs that indicate that we should change the blade as soon as possible. First of all, if the sweep of the wipers leaves marks, it is because the rubber of the blades is in poor condition, this is due to natural wear, often made worse by extreme changes in temperature, for this reason we must replace this accessory. On the other hand, if there are shakes and/or noise, you will also have to buy new ones.

Likewise, for these to maintain their effectiveness for a long period of time, it is essential to clean them, at least once a month, to eliminate any adherence that harms the sweep. Similarly, it is not recommended to activate the windshield wipers when the glass is frozen or accumulates a lot of dust, because the surface of the blades can be damaged.

In fact, the DGT recommends replacing the windscreen wipers every six months or, at most, every year. This way, they affirm, we will get a much cleaner and safer view.

Heat and dirt deteriorate wiper blades, which could cause structural damage to the glass or worse wiper efficiency. In addition, the DGT adds that this element in correct appearance "helps good visibility in rainy conditions or when riding on very dusty roads." Remembering that your screen wash tank must always be full, and they even warn you to mix it with products that help improve cleaning.

The windscreen wipers perform more than 750,000 sweeps adequately during their natural life, which means cleaning the surface of almost 80 football fields. Thus, specialists also recommend replacing them once a year or when stripes and blurred surfaces are seen on the car window. Similarly, if they make noise on every movement, it is because those brushes will no longer serve their purpose, as we have mentioned.

There is a fine for failing to keep the windscreen clear, which we more often see when the windscreen hasn’t been correctly cleared of snow, ice or after a particularly dusty rainfall.

You do risk a fine of 200 euro for failing to keep your windscreen clear, so it is important that the windscreen wipers are in optimum condition to allow them to do their job.

### 90% of Offences Committed by Motorcyclists are on Conventional Roads

The General Directorate of Traffic, through the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, carried out a special surveillance and control campaign on roads especially frequented by motorcyclists that has resulted in 963 complaints filed, out of a total of 25,884 motorcycles controlled.

As usual, most of the controls were carried out on conventional roads since these continue to be the most dangerous for motorcyclist behaviour, concentrating on them more than 80% of fatal incidents in this type of vehicle.

Of the 20,102 controls that were carried out on this type of road, the most numerous offence continues to be speeding, with 290 complaints made, followed at a great distance by others such as the use of silencers (88 complaints made), lack of ITV in force (84 complaints made) and 28 for illegal overtaking.

In the case of motorways, the infractions committed by motorcyclists follow a similar pattern to those detected on conventional roads. 22 complaints for speeding, 15 for not having passed the Technical Inspection of Vehicles and 7 for illegal overtaking.

Of the total drivers controlled in this campaign, 32 were positive in the alcohol test and 3 in the drug test, the latter on conventional roads. It is also surprising that 8 motorcyclists were reported for not wearing a helmet while driving.

### DGT Issues Warnings to Cyclists

Cyclists are one of the groups most exposed to road traffic incidents given their greater vulnerability than cars, motorcycles and other motor vehicles. Therefore, caution must be extreme. The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) intends to eradicate widespread behaviours among all users who circulate on the roads, such as the use of mobile phones or the way they cross pedestrian crossings.

Starting with the first, this habit is prohibited and sanctioned by the DGT also among those who ride a bicycle. The fine in this regard is 200 euros, and the same amount if cyclists circulate with headphones on: It is totally forbidden to use the mobile phone while riding a bicycle.

Headphones connected to receivers or sound players are also prohibited.

In its eagerness to dissuade everyone from combining driving with the use of a mobile phone, the new Traffic Law toughens the penalties for those who drive their car using the phone or holding it in their hand, which now involves a loss of six points instead of three.

There are other aspects that cyclists must take into account to guarantee safety, comply with current regulations and avoid the respective penalty. Among them is the obligation to get off the bike and cross on foot when they come across a zebra crossing. Cyclists do not have priority at pedestrian crossings, nor can they ride on sidewalks or pedestrian areas, so the DGT recalls the rule that establishes that they must cross them on foot. The corresponding fine is again 200 euro.

For its part, one of the best known and most widespread regulations among users in the world of cycling is the use of a protective helmet on the head. On the road it is mandatory except on long climbs, in extreme heat or for medical reasons. In the city, however, it is only compulsory for those under 16 years of age, although it is advisable for the rest. The fines also amount to 200 euro.

With the entry into force of the new Road Safety Law on March 21, a new measure has been established that seeks to guarantee the safety of cyclists on the road and reduce accidents as much as possible. It is about penalising drivers who make dangerous overtaking with six points from the license (before it was four). Vehicles must maintain a minimum distance of 1.5 metres from bicycles at all times, and it is mandatory to change lanes on roads with more than one lane in each direction to ensure that the manoeuvre is safe.

 

### Pedestrians Have Responsibilities Too

"Both in the city and on the road, it is essential that pedestrians avoid using their mobile phones and listening to music or the radio with headphones." This is the advice from the General Directorate of Traffic which shows that pedestrians also have obligations. "By distracting you, it isolates you from traffic and makes you even more vulnerable to being run over," they emphasise.

The use of mobile phones at the wheel, whose action carries a fine of 200 euros and the loss of 6 points from the driver's license, has nothing to do in this case with pedestrians, who are not subject to sanctions. However, the DGT is also aware that they are distracted with the phone in hand, oblivious to their surroundings and can be involved in dangerous situations.

However, pedestrians do have obligations.

Pedestrians must always walk through the places designed for them to do so, such as pavements, and, therefore, must not do so through areas prohibited, such as on a motorway.

Outside the town, if there is no pavement, as a general rule, you have to walk on the left to see oncoming traffic, and if it exists, you will walk on the hard shoulder. Otherwise, the part of the road closest to the edge will always be used. In any case, if there are several people, they will have to go one after the other (in single file).

In towns, when there is a pavement, you should walk through the centre, staying away from the curb so as to reduce the risk of being hit by a vehicle. It is obviously the biggest risk you can take. In fact, if a street does not have a sidewalk or there is an obstacle, the DGT says that it will circulate as close as possible to the wall and, if possible, facing traffic.

Children should always go hand in hand with adults. Remember it. But they also have to play in safe spaces and away from the road.

The DGT speaks very clearly about pets: «Pedestrians cannot carry loose animals, they could create dangerous situations for other users of public roads». Sometimes we are very confident in this sense, but we forget the danger that carrying an animal loose on the street can entail.

With what excuse should a pedestrian invade the road if it is not precisely to want to cross it? These situations occur to us hundreds of times every day and unfortunately we see many pedestrians who do not follow this guideline. The rule is quite clear, a pedestrian can only enter the road when they are crossing it, although, where provided, you should always use a crossing.

Both in the city and on the road, monitor your civic behaviour as a citizen, more specifically as a pedestrian, and comply with the rules to be the first to benefit from everything going correctly every time you go out.

### Everything you need to know about haemorrhoids and other diseases of the colon, rectum and anus

Why do haemorrhoids occur?
According to some experts, haemorrhoids have an important genetic component. This does not mean that there is a gene that, by itself, translates into haemorrhoid, but that some factors that predispose to suffer from this ailment are inherited.

On the other hand, there are factors that increase the risk of suffering from hemorrhoidal syndrome, such as constipation, prolonged defecative strain or pregnancy.

Eating a balanced diet rich in fibre, with increased water intake, decreases the consistency of the faecal bolus, increasing the frequency of bowel movements and reducing the risk of haemorrhoids.

Staying at your proper weight, exercising, and avoiding some irritating foods and drinks can also help control the onset of haemorrhoids.
Treatment
Hemorrhoidal pathology occurs when the venous structures that exist naturally in the anus dilate, lose their elastic capacity and prolapse outward.

Some of the symptoms are: stinging, itching, feeling of an anal "lump" and bleeding at the end of the stool.

When not complicated, most haemorrhoids do not hurt. However, in more severe cases, they need medical treatment that may include ligation, sclerotherapy, or infrared coagulation.

In large external haemorrhoids or internal haemorrhoids that do not respond to other treatments surgery may be necessary .
What is coloproctology?
According to the team of experts in coloproctology of the general surgery service of Quirónsalud Torrevieja, coloproctology is "a specialty, within General Surgery, which is responsible for the management, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the colon, rectum and anus. It is a very important branch of medicine due to the large number of diseases it covers and its high prevalence."

Coloproctology treats pathologies such as diverticular disease, colorectal cancer, Crohn's disease and other diseases related to the anal and perianal region (haemorrhoids, anal fissures, abscesses and perianal fistulas).

In addition, in this field, pelvic floor alterations related to faecal incontinence are also treated.
Diagnostic and treatment
Due to the great variety of symptoms, the coloproctology team of Quirónsalud Torrevieja recommends us to go to the doctor as soon as possible to "get an accurate diagnosis and personalised treatment".

The diagnosis of diseases of the colon, rectum and anus is based, fundamentally, on a good clinical history, with anamnesis and directed physical examination, always having a diagnosis of suspicion.

Regarding the surgical treatment of coloproctological pathologies, it has advanced in a vertiginous way, reducing the intervention and postoperative times.
 Minimally invasive anal surgery
With regard to anal pathology, it is committed to "minimally invasive surgery" thanks to treatments that do not require anaesthesia, without pain and without hospital admission.

In hospitals such as Quirónsalud Torrevieja it is possible to treat haemorrhoids, fissures or simple fistulas without going through the operating room.  "The postoperative period is simple, without the need for cures. In addition, they are as effective treatments as conventional ones."

In fact, the treatment is carried out in the same consultation, so that the patient can be diagnosed with his disease and receive the treatment "in the same visit".

### Warning Over Fake Fine Emails

If you get an email containing the words “multa” (fine) and DGT in your inbox, it's almost certainly fake. It will be better to be suspicious rather than scared, and in any case, you should not click on any link contained in the email. Be assured, the DGT does not normally communicate sanctions by email.



Messages that seek to spread malicious software (and steal personal or banking data) arrive almost daily in mailboxes, according to the National Institute of Cyber ​​Security (INCIBE), and the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) is one of the common hooks.

Fraud campaigns are cyclical and massive and are usually based on the same thing: appearance of reality and threat, or invitation. In the mail there is an alleged message from the DGT -with their official logo and, sometimes even displaying that of the Ministry of the Interior-, in which the victim is told that there is a pending fine to pay or that the vehicle is immobilised, or sometimes both circumstances at the same time. The email also contains a link you are encouraged to click in order to resolve the issue. Do not click on links presented like this.

Those who send these messages rely on several pillars: haste, distraction, curiosity and fear. Users bite by inertia. To avoid the error (clicking and triggering the installation of a virus or other similar disasters), INCIBE offers some basic tricks.

How to spot a fake email

As general recommendations, the cybersecurity institute reminds users, for example, to check that the sender's email is spelled correctly, both their name and domain (what appears after the @) and that in the body of the message there is no grammatical errors or a tone or vocabulary that does not correspond to what is expected. Any call to action, such as downloading a file or entering personal data or clicking on a link, should also be suspected.

INCIBE's advice is useful for any circumstance, but it should not be necessary if the message comes from the DGT, because they do not normally communicate sanctions by email. Fines reach drivers or vehicle owners by certified letter, and as a secondary method, if the first has failed, they are published in the official bulletins or on the Town Hall bulletin board (physical or electronic), and always on the Edictal Board of Traffic Sanctions (TESTRA).

What is TESTRA and how to consult a fine

When a suspicious message appears, it only takes five minutes to check if that unknown fine exists. The query in the TESTRA can be done through the vehicle registration, the DNI or the name and surnames. It is not necessary to have a digital certificate or use the electronic DNI, because the data is public.

Since November 25, 2010, sanctions have been added to this electronic board, where the General Directorate of Traffic, the Basque Government Traffic Department, the Catalan Traffic Service and some 1,000 town councils publish their edicts.

You can find out more information and visit the board by visiting this website address:

https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/multas/consulta-multa-tablon-edictal-unico/#

Dirección Electrónica Vial (DEV)

Fines will appear in the inbox only in one case: if the driver has registered with the Dirección Electrónica Vial (DEV). This free notification service replaces the postal address with an electronic one, but only if the user requests it. In this case, all fines and communications from the DGT (and from other administrations that use TESTRA) will arrive by email and, if desired, by SMS. While a driver is registered with the DEV, you stop receiving notifications on paper, but can unsubscribe whenever you want.

You can find out more information on this at the following website:

https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/otros-tramites/direccion-electronica-vial/

### Analysing the benefits of the 30 kmph limit

The Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FEMP), in collaboration with the General Directorate of Traffic, have organised a meeting to analyse how the implementation of the 30km/h limit in towns and cities on streets of a single traffic lane in each direction, a year after its entry into force.



The objective of the act has been to learn about the experience of local entities during this first year and present the provisional data on urban incidents for 2021.

With provisional 24-hour data, the number of deaths in road traffic incidents in cities in 2021 fell by 25% compared to 2019 (reference year), which means 97 fewer deaths. The reduction has been more pronounced in the case of fatal pedestrians (-32%), cyclists (-48%) and people over 64 years of age (-40%).

Taking into account the first 8 months that have elapsed with the new 30km/h regulation (May-December 2021), the road accident rate in cities has decreased by 14%, which means 38 fewer deaths.

From May to December 2021, there have been 222 urban fatal incidents in which 227 people have died. During this period, vulnerable users have been reduced by 17% and people over 64 by 22%.

According to Pere Navarro, general director of Traffic, "it is very little time to make an assessment. The manuals stipulate a minimum of 3 years to know if the measure adopted meets the expected objectives, therefore we will be attentive to the data". He also added that "it is important to remember that this measure was born in response to the demand made by the municipalities and the FEMP - hence they are the protagonists and that is why we are at home - and secondly for reasons of road safety -avoiding a single deceased, already compensates for the measure implemented-".

He also recalled that 30km/h is a convincing measure, because the consequences for the population go further, by reducing traffic, noise, pollution and increasing the quality of life of citizens.

To find out how cities are adapting to this new urban model with measures such as 30km/h, a round table has been organised moderated by the president of the FEMP Commission for Transport, Sustainable Mobility and Road Safety, and the Mayor of Irún, Jose Antonio Santano who spoke with Natalia Chueca, Minister of Public Services and Mobility of the Zaragoza City Council; Nora Abete, Delegate Councillor of the Mobility and Sustainability Area of ​​the Bilbao City Council, and Milagros del Barrio, Mayor of the Toledano municipality of Esquivias.

"Speed ​​30 km/h is a commitment to urban mobility with which we all win", underlined Carlos Daniel Casares in his speech, in which he highlighted that "reducing speed limits on urban roads means, probably, the most effective legislative modification in urban road safety carried out in the last three legislatures".

### The Most Important but Most Disrespected Road Sign

The Stop sign is undoubtedly one of the most important we come across on a regular basis. It is also one of the most recognised around the world, thanks to standardisation. However, despite being one of the most important road signs, according to the Directorate of Traffic (DGT), it is also one of the least respected by drivers in Spain.



Failure to act correctly at a Stop sign will mean the loss of four points on the driver's licence and a fine of 200 euro.

The DGT report that thousands of drivers do not pay attention to these signs and on many occasions, they systematically skip them. The DGT proved this on their official Twitter account recently, where they posted a one-and-a-half-minute video recorded by one of their drones, in which more than 20 vehicles failed to comply with the Stop signs when joining a conventional road.

On many occasions, the DGT says, drivers treat the sign as if it were the Ceda el Paso, or Give Way sign. Remember, at a Stop sign you must bring your vehicle to a stop completely, if riding a motorcycle, you must also put one foot firmly on the ground.

The purpose of the video was to remind drivers that the Stop sign is one of the most important in road safety and that it must be respected and not confused with a Give Way. After the publication, a number of users criticised the sign, saying that many Stop signs do not fulfil their function and that others are "unnecessary", in locations where they should be replaced with a Give Way sign. However, whatever we may think of them, we cannot get away from the fact that Stop means STOP!

According to data provided by the DGT and Fundación Línea Directa, thousands of drivers violate Stop signs on a daily basis. It is an infraction that causes hundreds of collisions due to frontal impacts and, in 2018, there were more than 3,200 incidents with victims, of which 75 died due to them failing to stop at a Stop sign.

### No Parking on Bike Lanes

The DGT made it quite clear on their social networks. “Just as the pavement is for pedestrians, the bike lane is for the cyclists. Do not use it for running, walking, or parking”.

As far as the driver is concerned, parking is prohibited on bike lanes. The law will punish those who obstruct, totally or partially, the lanes destined for the movement on two wheels, which tend to invade both pedestrians and vehicles.

Following an update to the law recently, parking in a bike lane is considered a serious offence and it is hoped that this new ruling can dissuade drivers from carrying out bad practices with cyclists, clearing up such an essential element on the road like bike lanes, on the rise in all European cities.

The aim of the rule is so that cyclists do not encounter obstacles or risks to their safety when they circulate through them and that they do not have to leave the bike lane to be able to continue their movement.

"Any vehicle" that parks in a bike lane "may be penalised with a fine of 200 euro." This is what the regulations say, and you should always keep that in mind if you are tempted to invade a bike lane.

If we pay attention to the small print, in fact it is considered serious «parking in the bus lane, in bike lanes, on curves, elevation changes, parking areas for the exclusive use of people with disabilities, tunnels, underpasses, intersections or in any other dangerous place or in which traffic is seriously impeded or constitutes a risk, especially for pedestrians'.

It doesn't matter if you intend to park the car to run a quick errand or if you intend to make a 'pitstop' for a few seconds. No more quick stops with any pretext and wherever you want. This is reflected in the law, which prohibits "stopping or parking" in bike lanes. Both actions carry a fine.

Although all this may seem extremely strict, the idea that the DGT has is to carry out a forceful sanction so that offenders do not leave their vehicle, even for a second, in a place of passage for cyclists. Now they will be more protected with the new law.

We must also pay closer attention to cyclists when they are on the road. With the new Road Safety Law, endangering or hindering a cyclist in an overtaking event will result in the loss of 6 points and a 200 euro fine. If there is more than one lane, you must move completely into the second lane to overtake a cyclist, allowing them the entire space of the first lane. The same rule applies for mopeds by the way.

To overtake a cyclist when there is only one lane then you always have to keep a minimum distance of 1.5 metres between your vehicle and the cyclist when you pass.

Cyclists also have obligations when on the road. They must favour being overtaken at all times to avoid hindering traffic on the road.

If they are in a group, the maximum they can circulate is two by two side by side and as close as possible to the hard shoulder of the road and must not hinder the flow of traffic. If traffic needs to pass, they must circulate in single file.

 

### The DGT launches a new motorcycle surveillance campaign during the weekend

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) once again launches a specific campaign on the roads most frequented by motorcyclists in order to control compliance with the most important regulations that affect motorcycle driving.










With the arrival of good weather, trips in this type of vehicle increase, especially on weekends when they become a recreational activity in itself.

For this reason it is important to send a message of caution and respect for the rules since, so far this year, 49 motorcyclists have died on weekends on the road.

This campaign therefore has the objective of trying to reduce the fatal incidents of this type of vehicle during the weekends, for which the agents of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group will intensify surveillance and verify that the regulations are complied with.

Like every year, this specific campaign for motorcycles will take place again on the weekend of September 3-4.
Weekends + conventional roads + motorcyclists = dangerous sum
It is a fact that the sum of motorcyclists on conventional roads and during the weekends is an operation that involves a high level of danger and the figures prove it.

With the data registered up to May 4, of the 361 people killed in traffic incidents, 71 were motorcyclists (20%). Of them, 83% died on conventional roads (59 motorcyclists).

These percentages have risen during the month of April with the arrival of good weather and the increase in motorcycle outings during the weekends. Throughout this month, of the 99 people who died, 24% were motorcyclists (24 people) and, of these, almost 92% died in traffic incidents that occurred on conventional roads (22 motorcyclists). In addition, of the motorcyclists who died on weekends in April, 100% took place on conventional roads (16 motorcyclists).
Alert for the behaviour of other users
In addition, the General Directorate of Traffic also makes a special call for attention to the behaviour of other road users since, on occasions, they are the cause of traffic incidents in which motorists are involved.

In this link you can download videos of infractions and accidents captured by the DGT media, in some of which this type of behaviour can be observed.

### What Happens if I Have an Accident on an Electric Scooter Without Insurance

Since their use began to become widespread in cities, the electric scooter has brought with it positive and negative perspectives. In other words, they are seen as ideal personal mobility vehicles for the urban structure and, therefore, they have required specific regulation by the DGT in the case of collisions by users.

The DGT database reflects that 100% of incidents with scooters as protagonists occur on urban roads. They are not permitted on interurban roads or motorways. It must be emphasised that in 2021, there were a total of 8 deaths, 97 hospitalised injuries and 1,097 people with minor injuries in incidents, with these VPM as the main axis.

Currently, approximately 120,000 people are temporary or regular users (rentals and owners) of the electric scooter, the Segway or other gadgets. Meanwhile, more than 40,000 citizens have one or more of these vehicles in their homes, according to data collected from the Association of Users of Personal Mobility Vehicles (AUVMP), which carried out the mobility survey last year.

Although this is a topic open to discussion, which may well change in the future, it should be noted that the current non-obligation of having third-party liability insurance makes it difficult to resolve possible disputes. Likewise, in the case of driving with a VMP and running over a pedestrian, or causing an incident, it is most likely that the authorities will attend the scene to report what happened. Once the event has been written, it will be necessary to begin the procedures with the corresponding insurers.

If you are the owner of one of these scooters, it is worth checking with your home insurance company, because some of these policies include coverage for damages to third parties in the case of bicycle or scooter accidents. If you are not covered by your home insurance, and you, the scooter rider, are deemed to be responsible for the collision, it is you as an individual who must bear the costs of the damage caused, otherwise it is likely that this event will end up in court.

There are now a number of insurance companies who will offer policies specifically for this type of vehicle. The prices vary according to various factors (depending on the user's age and scooter model). A recent report put these policies as priced between 20 and 80 euro on average, which includes everything that insurance usually provides: civil liability and legal protection, roadside assistance, accidents to the driver, accidental damage, and theft of the vehicle. This is something definitely worth considering as it could save you a lot of money in the event of a collision.

Equally important, the DGT points out that these vehicles are for individual use. VMPs and other electrically powered light vehicles are only authorised to transport one person. Therefore, having two occupants in a vehicle with these characteristics will be punishable by a fine of 100 euro, according to the provisions of article 9.1.5.E of the General Traffic Regulations.

In case an offence is committed by a person under 18 years of age, the parents, tutors, foster parents and legal or de facto guardians, will be jointly and severally liable for the offence committed by the minor.

These scooters must travel at a speed of 6 to 25 km/h. They can circulate around the city, but not on pavements or pedestrian areas. They are not permitted on intercity roads, motorways, dual carriageways or in urban tunnels.

The maximum speed at which these vehicles can travel is 25 km/h, a speed at which the motor will gradually stop the vehicle from moving. In addition, it will have wired circuits so that speed and power cannot be altered. Likewise, they must have a visible information indicator that shows the speed at which it travels and the battery level.

If we drive at night, we are required to wear a reflective garment to warn other drivers on public roads. If this is not the case, it will be considered negligent driving and, therefore, punishable with a penalty of 200 euro, in accordance with article 3.1 of the Traffic Law.

### April ends with 99 deaths on the roads

During the month of April, 90 fatal collisions have been recorded on the road in which 99 people have died, 25 more than in the same month of 2019.

This incident rate has occurred in a context of a greater number of trips (+6%); Specifically, 37.6 million long-distance movements were registered throughout the month, compared to 35.4 million in April 2019.

76 of the deceased took place in incidents that occurred on conventional roads, compared to 23 that were recorded on high-capacity roads (highways or motorways).



Depending on the type of incident, collisions increase, going from 38 fatalities in April 2019 to 46 this year. Road exits also increased with 36 deaths, compared to 26 fatalities in April 2019.

According to the means of displacement in April, compared to the same month of 2019, the number of vulnerable deaths (38 compared to 23) increased very significantly on motorcycles and pedestrians.



Regarding the use of safety systems, there are 16 deceased who were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the accident.

By autonomous communities, Castilla y León and Andalucía are the autonomous regions that register the greatest increases compared to the figures for April 2019.


The days with the most fatalities were Saturday 30 with 11 deaths and Saturday 23 with 10. In contrast, there were 3 days with 0 deaths, Monday 4, Tuesday 5 and Friday 22 April.

All data included in this press release is compared to 2019, the reference year.

### Priority at Unmarked Junctions

Traffic signs and road markings guide us on the road and the priority should be to pay attention to them at all times. Both those placed on poles and those drawn on the ground guide vehicles while driving, advise or prohibit certain activities, and help maintain road safety.



Junctions can be particularly dangerous places. They are those black spots on the road where misunderstandings can arise that result in a collision that we always want to avoid, so it is of special importance to know what road signs and markings mean. But what about when the junction doesn´t have any markings or signs?

In certain scenarios there are no signs to guide the way, either because the roads are very small, because they are not considered necessary or for other reasons. Intersections are one of these cases and not knowing what to do if you come across an unmarked junction can be very dangerous.

The DGT explains that in any case the rule must prevail that the priority belongs to whoever approaches from the right side. It is something we must all know, but it is not applicable to all cases. In fact, there are a few exceptions that need to be clarified so that you always know who has priority.

If there is one paved road and one unpaved road at the junction, priority always belongs to the vehicle traveling on the paved road. All this, regardless of which side the vehicle approaches.

If it is a junction joining a road, the vehicle that circulates on the main road is the one that has priority on all occasions.

The same as in the previous case occurs in the event that you approach a roundabout with your vehicle. Here, vehicles already circulating on the roundabout will have priority. Do not forget that roundabouts have their peculiarities and driving correctly in them is something that many times we believe at face value but that is not always the case.

The DGT offers tips when facing an unmarked junction that they hope will make everything much clearer:

Approach with caution and slow down, watching for traffic ahead of time. Signal with the turn signals the manoeuvre if you are going to turn.

You have to look in all directions before entering the intersection, until you are sure that no one is approaching or in danger.

Except in the cases mentioned above, you must always give way to someone coming from the right.

You have to enter the intersection with caution and get as close as possible to the right edge of the road if you are going to turn right. Stay close to the left or in the centre if you are going to turn left at the intersection.

Above all, you are responsible for complying with the rules. There are many different signs: prohibition, location, direction... but when you lack these clarifications, you must be guided by what you already have to know in advance to maintain your safety and that of other road users.

 

### Special operation for 1 May holiday

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has launched the May 1 Traffic Operation, a special device that will begin tomorrow, Friday at 3:00 p.m. and will end at midnight on Monday, May 2, in Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Madrid and Murcia, communities in which the May 1 festival has been moved to Monday.

For this period, Traffic forecasts 5,000,000 trips by road.

To ensure the safety of road users, the DGT is implementing a series of measures to regulate, organise and monitor traffic with the aim of covering the significant movement of vehicles that will take place on these days and which includes travel both long-distance and short-distance whose main destinations will be coastal and coastal tourist areas (mainly Andalusia and Levante), as well as mountain tourist areas and second homes.

It is important to note that this weekend the Jerez Grand Prix will also be held, so motorcycle trips to the town of Cadiz will have special relevance, especially in the accesses to the Jerez Circuit, due to the celebration of the Spanish Motorcycling Championship.

In addition, on Sunday the 1st the traditional April Fair officially kicks off in Seville, so the accesses to the city of Seville can increase its circulatory intensity.

As usual, with a view to facilitating mobility and fluidity on the roads and, of course, ensuring road safety for all, the operation has the total availability of the means, both human (agents of the Traffic Association of the Guardia Civil, civil servants from the Traffic Management Centres, helicopter patrols and personnel in charge of equipment maintenance and the installation of road measures), as technicians (780 fixed radars (92 of them section) and 545 mobile of speed control, in addition to the 13 helicopters, 39 drones, 216 cameras and 15 camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts) available to the DGT.

CIRCULATION FORECASTS AND MEASURES

Traffic forecasts prepared by Tráfico contemplate that the largest increases in vehicles will take place both on Friday afternoon (especially between 4 and 11 p.m.) in the direction of leaving the large urban centres, and on Monday, May 2 (between 4:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m.) in the inbound direction of those who return from enjoying the holidays in the Communities in which this day is a holiday (Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Madrid and Murcia).

In addition, both on Saturday morning (from 9 a.m. to 2 p.m.) and on Sunday afternoon (from 4 p.m. to 10 p.m.) there may also be heavy traffic both in and out of large cities, as well as on short itineraries that link towns of rest areas and mountains near these cities. In the case of Sunday afternoon, the problems due to the return will occur especially in the Communities of the Canary Islands, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, the Valencian Community, Galicia, the Balearic Islands, Navarra and La Rioja.

To promote traffic in the most troublesome areas on each of these four days, the DGT has planned, among other measures, the installation of reversible and additional lanes with cones in the hours of greatest traffic flow and the establishment of alternative itineraries. Likewise, works on the highways will be paralysed, the holding of sporting events and other events that involve the occupation of the road will be limited and the circulation of trucks in general and those that transport certain merchandise will be restricted in certain sections, dates and hours.

The established device can be consulted at dgt.es  (traffic/recommendations for the next few days/special operations).

SPRING DRIVING

The weather forecast for these holidays is highly variable depending on the day and geographical area, a typical phenomenon of these spring dates in which there can be significant fluctuations in atmospheric conditions that as soon as they can present winter characteristics such as announcing the summer.

These sudden changes negatively influence driving and travel, whether in the form of showers, hail or fog, so the DGT recommends always bearing in mind when traveling on the road the two basic rules for driving, "prevention" and "prudence", which will allow us to make the trip at this time of year in the best road safety conditions.

At the other extreme, the first trips to the road in sunny spring weather give a greater sense of safety and enjoyment that can cause an increase in speed and, consequently, a more serious accident rate, so even in good weather it is essential respect the signs, as well as the specific and generic speed limits of the road and the safety distance between vehicles.

For all these reasons, the DGT reminds you to find out about the weather forecasts at the State Meteorological Agency and, as always, plan your trip along the safest route to avoid unforeseen events. The free DGT application, the twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes or the informative bulletins on radio and television, as well as on the 011 telephone, provide information on the traffic situation in real time and any incidents that may exist.

REMEMBER, THE IMPORTANT THING IS TO COME BACK

Last weekend was the worst weekend of the year in terms of road accidents. Only 15 people died on interurban roads. Before the new bridge that many citizens will enjoy, the General Directorate of Traffic, asks for prudence and respect for the rules to avoid victims on the road.

### Novice Drivers

It may be some time ago that many of you passed your driving test, but every day there are many more embarking on the early stages of their driving experience, novice drivers.



According to an investigation carried out in 2019 by a group of scientists in Arizona (United States). It has been found that novice drivers are eight times more likely to be involved in a traffic collision or minor incident during the first three months of driving. These are caused by being involved in "scares" such as sudden braking, swerving or unexpected acceleration.

For the first year after passing the driving test, new drivers must display a green-backed L plate on the back of the car. The mandatory sign serves to help other road users know that the driver is a novice.

Although it is commonly called an L plate, the official name is the V-13 signal.

The sign is formed of a white L on a green background. The surface is reflective (level 2), and its measurements are 19.5 centimetres high by 15 wide. Likewise, the letter must have a length of 15 cm high and 10.5 wide, with a line thickness of 3 cm. In the same way, it is not enough that the L is visible, but it must be placed correctly: in the upper left part of the rear window of the car.

If you are a novice driver, the penalty for not displaying the L sign is 100 euro, but it does not entail the deduction of points on the driving licence. The justification for it is in article 18 of the Road Traffic Law: «Signs on vehicles whose purpose is to inform road users of certain circumstances or characteristics of the vehicle in which they are placed. The service it provides, the cargo it transports or its own driver, will be adjusted in terms of its characteristics and placement to the provisions of Annex XI».

In the same way that you can get a fine for not displaying it, the same applies for keeping the sign when it is no longer necessary. Therefore, the regulations are clear: one year term. If after 12 months from when the permit was granted, the novel licence plate is not removed, the owner will be punished. Being a minor infraction, the fine will be 100 euro. For this reason, it is also necessary to keep this in mind if the vehicle is shared between a novice and experienced driver.

According to the DGT, a person who has just obtained a driving licence has eight initial points. If after two years, you have not received a fine, it will increase to 14. Likewise, after another three years without committing infractions, another one will be added. Taking the driver to the maximum number of points established by the authorities.

Regardless of the traffic violations that have been committed, the term to recover the initial balance of 12 points is two years if no new offences are committed. If all credit has been lost, drivers will have to go through a recovery course at the DGT offices.

Novice drivers are not subjected to any additional speed restrictions.

The alcohol limit set for novice drivers is the same as that for professional drivers for the first two years, thus lower than the general population. In other words, novice drivers have a limit of 0.30 grams per litre of blood (or 0.15 milligrams per litre of expired air), compared to 0.25 for other drivers. Although, it is worth remembering that if you drink any amount, no matter how little, it is recommended that you do not drive.

 

### The number of minors traveling without a child restraint system continues to rise

Officers from the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, in addition to those of the local and regional police that joined the campaign, carried out, between April 4 and 10, a special belt surveillance and control device safety and child restraint systems, both on urban and interurban roads.

In these seven days, a total of 356,510 vehicles have been controlled, in which 4,607 infractions have been detected by drivers or passengers who did not use the statutory retention system.

The most worrying aspect of the complaints filed has to do with the number of minors traveling without any child restraint system, which continues to increase campaign after campaign.

On this occasion, the officers from the Guardia Civil detected 280 minors, with a height of less than or equal to 135 cm, who were travelling without using this security device or did so incorrectly, 213 in the rear seats and 67 in the front.

It should be remembered that, in order to avoid this type of behavior, the recently released Traffic and Road Safety Law has raised the points lost for not using the appropriate child restraint system or not doing it correctly to 4, in the same way that has been done with the non-use of the seat belt.

If wearing a seatbelt halves the risk of death in the event of an collision, in the case of children the use of child restraint systems is even more important since data shows that nine out of ten serious childhood injuries or fatalities would have been avoided if mandatory restraint systems had been used. In addition, in the event of a collision, injuries are reduced by up to 75% with proper use of them.
Seat belt
In the case of the seat belt, of all the complaints filed for not using it, 77% occurred on conventional roads, a particularly worrying figure since this type of road continues to be the most dangerous and where the highest number of fatalities are recorded. .

If we take into account the data of drivers who did not use a seat belt, half were aboard a private car.

In addition, the number of passengers who did not wear a seat belt or did not do it correctly also rises. Specifically, 2,115 passengers, 1,101 in the front seats and 1,014 in the rear seats, were also penalised for this reason.

In this sense, the DGT reminds once again that the belt is also essential in the rear seats since in the event of a frontal impact, for example, the probability that an occupant of those seats fatally hits another passenger in front can be up to 8 times greater. Without a seat belt, at 80 km/h the passengers in the rear have no way of holding on and are projected with those in front with a force equivalent to hitting a 1,200 kg ball at 10 km/h, which could kill or seriously injure the occupants of the front seats.

### The RACC launches the first training course for electric scooters

Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP), such as electric scooters, are very vulnerable on the road, as are pedestrians and cyclists, since they are more exposed to insecurities and have fewer security systems that protect the users in the event of a traffic accident. In addition, their "recent" incorporation into Spanish roads means that they are not yet 100% integrated into urban mobility as a whole. For this reason, the RACC has launched the first online theoretical training course for VMP users, an initiative that allows them to learn the traffic regulations of these vehicles to integrate them with maximum safety in urban mobility and reduce accident rates.

 

 

The course, developed by professionals and specialists from the RACC in the fields of mobility and driving schools, teaches the current regulations regarding electric scooters, since a large part of the users who travel with this type of vehicle do not know the law. In fact, in the last study carried out by the RACC on the behaviour of VMP users in Barcelona in 2021, the majority of those surveyed expressed ignorance about half of the basic aspects of the regulations for riding a scooter.

The training is completely free and is open to anyone who is interested, although they must be of legal age. However, the RACC will study the possibility of offering the course to young people between 16 and 18 years of age.

HOW CAN I TAKE THE COURSE?

The course can be followed through the RACC website and is available in Spanish or Catalan. In order to start the training, you must first register.

Here is the link to the course website:
https://cursos.racc.es/curso-patinete-promo/

The content of the course is structured in five main sections:

 

 	How VMP users should be protected and what security features they should employ.
 	Where can you ride a scooter?
 	Rules of coexistence with other means of transport.
 	Basic road safety rules.
 	Tips and reminders.

The training includes notes in text format, videos that exemplify good and tricky practices, and a self-assessment test for the user to check their level of learning. To pass the course it is necessary to pass 80% of a final test. Once approved, the user can download a certificate that certifies the knowledge acquired.

 

ROAD SAFETY FOR THE LITTLE ONES

Last March, the new Royal Decree came into force that establishes the minimum teachings of Primary and Secondary Education, and as a novelty integrates for the first time Road Education in the educational curriculum in a practical way, taking the subject of Physical Education as a starting point. This initiative will allow those under 18 years of age to learn the basic rules of road safety, as well as the regulations for electric scooters and other VMP.

According to Pere Navarro, General Director of Traffic: “after 30 years trying to introduce road safety in the school curriculum, this Royal Decree has finally succeeded. This is splendid news for society as a whole.”

### Changes Expected for Elderly Drivers

The deputy director of Education and Road Training of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), María José Aparicio, has confirmed that the DGT will reduce the periods of validity of the driving licence of the elderly.

"30% of those killed in traffic accidents in the European Union are over 65 years old. A figure that is repeated in all countries and that reaches 50% when we talk about pedestrian or cyclist deaths. In Spain in 2019, the 28% of those who died in traffic accidents were over 65 years of age. These figures will worsen, if we do nothing, due to the aging of the population," warned the deputy director.

In relation to the loss of psychophysical skills and the review of the validity of the driving licence, the Deputy Director of Traffic has clarified that DGT wants to review not only the periods of validity of the permits of the elderly but all the periods of validity. "We know that in the case of people of a certain age we will have to reduce them," said María José Aparicio, who has defended that we must "protect older people, but always promoting their mobility, safety and freedom."

For his part, the director of Fesvial projects, José Ignacio Lijarcio, referred to the 'Savima Study', on the road health of older drivers. "There must be a promotion of the mobility of the elderly, since we are not talking about a question of age but of health", he declared. "The image of our elders has changed.  Life expectancy has increased and those over 65 move differently. In addition, they are not technological natives, but we have to address them, that is why social and generational learning is important We have to accompany them in this transition, because they have to keep learning", he pointed out.

Lijarcio explained that, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that the world population aged 60 will reach 2,000 million in 2050 and that the European Union estimates that in 2040, 27% of the European population will be over 65 years of age.

From CNAE, its president, Enrique Lorca, has commented that "after the pandemic, people of a certain age who had a permit and had not driven for a long time, wanted to go back to driving school before getting behind the wheel." " We like to be able to improve your mobility. We gain years and we can lose skills, abilities, knowledge, that is why at CNAE we are in favour of the fact that, from time to time and coinciding with the renewal of the driving licence, there could be some type of update, which would serve to help people who have lost knowledge," he said.

In his speech, the general secretary of the Spanish Association of Psychological Medical Centres (ASECEMP), Bonifacio Martín, said that "age is a factor that notably influences the loss of faculties; the older, the more refusals and restrictive conditions”. He has also pointed out that "vision is the most important organ in providing information on driving and it is also the one that provides the greatest number of denials and restrictive conditions".

Martín commented that "controversy is frequent as to whether or not there should be an age limit for driving". "What there must be are adequate psychophysical conditions, if they meet you can drive and if not, no, whatever your age. In terms of road safety, the important thing is that they are met and that the centre of reconnaissance does their job well and check that the driver has those required conditions", he defended.

He has pointed out that in all the forums in which they have participated they have demanded a return to the validity periods of 2009. "Unsuccessfully so far, although the Director General of Traffic has spoken about the issue. It will be a slow process but if you don't start, you won't reach it", he settled.

Currently, the driving licence (class B) is renewed every 10 years until the age of 65, at which point it begins to expire every 5 years. Before 2009, the validity was 10 years up to 45 years. Afterwards, the renewal was every five years until the age of 70 and, from then on, every two years.

The General Director of Traffic, Pere Navarro, in his recent appearance before the Commission on Road Safety of Congress, announced that the deadlines and psychophysical tests in the renewal of the driving license of the elderly will be reviewed. According to data from the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), more than four million people over the age of 65 maintain their driving licence, which represents more than 15% of the driver census.

### UK Drivers - Do you want to continue to operate light goods vehicles in the EU from 21 May?

UK drivers - EU rules from 21 May 2022, will mean that operators or users of vans and other light goods vehicles over 2.5 tonnes and up to 3.5 tonnes in weight that transport goods for hire and reward from the UK into, or through the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, will need to obtain an International Operators’ Licence. Find out about the new rules.
EU rules mean you will need an International Operators’ Licence if you want to use light goods vehicles such as vans, vans or cars towing trailers to transport goods for hire or reward into or through the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on or after 21 May 2022.

It’s a matter of weeks before the new rules come into effect.
If you want to continue operating in the EU without interruption from 21 May 2022, you will need to apply now for an interim licence on GOV.UK.
Don't forget:


 	You’ll need to have a qualified transport manager. If you do not have the qualification, you might be able to be temporarily recognised as a transport manager if you have enough experience. You can make the process easier by using the service on GOV.UK.
 	If you already hold an International Operators' Licence for Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs) you can add extra LGVs to your existing licence.
 	You’ll need to show documents to prove that you have access to a set amount of finance to run your business, such as bank statements. See which documents you can use.








You may also need to make posting declarations for journeys to the EU
Don’t forget that if you’re transporting goods between two points in the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway for commercial purposes, (known as cabotage or cross trade), you must now make a “posting declaration”, which means registering the operator, driver, driver employment details, dates of travel, and the vehicle used.
This could be using HGVs, vans or other light goods vehicles of any size, or cars, whether or not you’re towing a trailer. It’ll apply if you’re moving the goods for hire or reward, or for your own business’ use.
The information you need to sign up and start declaring is available on GOV.UK. Or, you can access the EU Portal and FAQs now.

### 29 People Died on the Roads During Easter Week

After two years in which Holy Week was conditioned by confinements and mobility restrictions due to the health pandemic, 2022 has meant a return to normality, which has been reflected in road trips.

During the ten days that the special traffic operation has lasted (from 3:00 p.m. on April 8 to 11:59 p.m. on Monday, April 18), there have been 15.8 million long-distance trips, a 6% more than those registered in 2019 (14.9 million). This is the highest number of displacements in a special Easter operation since records have been available (2008).

The day with the most long-distance journeys was Sunday, April 17, with 1.7 million journeys.

Regarding border movements, 1.8 million displacements have been registered, which represents an increase of 1.8% compared to the 2019 data.

 



 

…AND BIG DATA WAS WRONG

This increase in mobility has been reflected in the accident figures. During Holy Week 2022, there have been 27 fatal road accidents, in which 29 people have died and 96 have been hospitalised, which means 2 more deaths and 30 fewer injuries than in 2019.



"There are still many deaths on the road and there are still many families whose lives have been changed by a road accident. Nothing will be the same again ," recalled Pere Navarro, director of the DGT after analysing with those responsible for the Observatory of Road Safety the provisional figures for this Holy Week. However, he wanted to thank the citizens for the behavior that most of them have had on the road. "It is good to know that if we work hard we can avoid the bad forecasts of Big Data" . "We have to continue working every day and complying with traffic regulations so that road accidents truly become a thing of the past"

Analysing the data, a behavior very similar to the accident rate of Easter 2019 is observed:

 	Type of road: 21 people have died in accidents that have occurred on conventional roads, 2 more than in 2019. On high-capacity roads, motorways and dual carriageways, there have been 8 deaths.
 	Type of accident: Off-roading continues to be the most frequent type of accident, with 9 deaths, 1 less than in 2019. Eight people have died in head-on collisions, the same figure as in the reference year.
 	Means of displacement: The number of pedestrians run over stands out, 6 deaths, 3 more than in 2019. 3 of the deaths have been on highways and the other 3 on conventional roads. 5 of the 6 deceased were walking on the road or crossing the road. 



 	Hourly section: The section with the highest number of deaths is from 07:00 to 13:59, in which 11 people have died, 1 person less than in 2019.
 	Age group: The age group with the most deaths was 65 years and over, with 10 deaths, followed by 55 to 64 years, with 7 deaths. In the age groups from 0 to 14 years and from 25 to 34 years, no deaths have been registered.
 	Use of safety devices: In the case of passenger cars, 4 of the 9 deceased in which the use of an accessory has been reported were not using a seat belt.

 

The data is provisional and includes deaths within 24 hours on interurban roads from 3:00 p.m. on Friday, April 8, and 11:59 p.m. on Monday, April 18.

### One in Three Medications Interfere with Your Ability to Drive

Up to 6,156 prescription medications can cause interactions in our ability to drive.

If we take into account data from the DGT, traffic accidents are the fifth most frequent cause of death in Spain, and around 5% of road accidents are related to medications. To this we must add the many drivers who use medications that do not require a prescription and are unaware and underestimate the effects that they can also present.

According to information from the drug database of the General Council of Pharmaceutical Colleges, 33.9% of drugs include a pictogram -a red equilateral triangle with a black car inside on a white background- that warns about their possible interaction with driving. These can cause anything from drowsiness to a sedative effect. Other effects are the reduction of reflexes and increased reaction time (due to decreased concentration or the ability to remain alert), altered perception of distances, ophthalmological or hearing alterations, states of confusion and light-headedness, and muscle disturbances.



To control these possible effects, it is recommended to avoid driving when starting a treatment that could potentially reduce reflexes or visual capacity, to take special care with the joint administration of several medications, and of course, not to consume alcohol. It is important to remember that some medicines include alcohol in their composition, and that it is advisable to consult the prospectus to know its total content.

In any case, each situation must be assessed individually by a health professional, since the same medication may not affect one person and significantly affect another. Even the same drug could influence the same person differently, at different times.

 

### Black Boxes in Your Car: What you need to know

From 6 July, newly approved cars and light vans in Europe must have up to eight support systems installed, among which the most controversial and innovative are the so-called black boxes.



As of July 2022, all newly approved cars sold in the European Union must equip up to eight new ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance Systems) driving assistance systems. This is what is stated in Regulation 2019/2144 of the European Parliament of November 27, also known as the General Security Regulation (RGS). In addition, throughout 2020 and 2021, various UN and EU Regulations have detailed the specific implementation of these aids.

The issue of the inclusion of black boxes in private vehicles has caused a stir due to possible privacy invasion issues or how and for what purpose the data collected by these devices will be used. Here, we hope to answer some of your questions.

What exactly are these black boxes?

These devices are formally known as EDR (Event Data Recorder). They are approximately the size of a mobile phone and, according to the DGT, could be located under the driver's seat, screwed to the vehicle's chassis. Although other experts point out that these black boxes are likely to be added to the existing airbag control units, which are usually located under the centre console of the vehicle, just before the gear lever.

Regardless of their location, these black boxes are intended to record and store certain vehicle information so that, in the event of an incident, it is possible to know what has happened in the moments before, during and after the incident. For this reason, they will record data (note, they will never record sounds or images) cyclically so that, in the event of an incident, they will have the data recorded during the 30 seconds prior to the incident and five seconds after.

In which vehicles should they be mounted?

The implementation of the black boxes and the rest of the assistance devices will only be mandatory for new cars and light vans that are homologated after July 6. This means that it will not affect vehicles that are already on sale and undergo restyling from that date, since vehicle updates are not homologated.

The EU regulations also establish that, from 2024, these black boxes and the rest of the aids must be compulsorily equipped in all new cars and light vans sold in Europe, even if they have been homologated before July 6, 2022.

What data do these black boxes record?

These devices will collect up to 15 different types of data, among which the speed of the vehicle, braking, engine revolutions, the force of the frontal and lateral impact, steering movements or the position of the accelerator. They will also record the operation of different security systems such as airbags, seat belts and driving assistants. All records will, of course, have a chronological reference, as this box will always record the time and date of the incident.

Who will be able to access this data and for what?

Obtaining data from the black boxes, which can be collected by connecting them to a specific CDR device (Crash Data Retrieval) which, in turn, will be connected to a computer; It will be the sole responsibility of the authorities of each country. This Regulation insists on the privacy of drivers and states that there will be "the possibility of identifying the owner or possessor of a specific vehicle on the basis of the stored data".

This means that, as the DGT points out, these black boxes do not store "personal data, such as the name, age or sex of the driver" and insists that "they do not serve to settle guilt in an incident, but they do to analyse the causes and encourage better driving”.

And the rest of the mandatory systems as of July are…

Along with the black boxes, there are other ADAS, whose first versions, "some manufacturers already began to incorporate around 2015". This issue, and the fact that some of these ADAS are essential elements for vehicles to achieve a good score in tests such as EuroNCAP, have contributed to their widespread use in new vehicles.

ISA or Intelligent Speed ​​Assistant

Rear camera

Autonomous emergency braking system

Emergency braking lights

Interface for connection of a breathalyser

Distraction alert switchboard

Driver drowsiness and attention loss monitoring system

LKA Lane Keeping System

Will it be possible to verify the operation of these ADAS when passing the ITV?

It is expected that, in the future, the editions of this Manual will begin to include them. But it will be

What objective does the EU pursue with the inclusion of this mandatory aid?

Increase road safety and reduce road traffic incidents. And it is that, according to a study carried out by the European Parliament, the adoption of these systems could prevent 25,000 deaths and more than 140,000 injuries in the EU over the next 18 years.

And it is that the inclusion of these driving assistance systems (to which, from 2024, the incorporation of other aids will be added) is located within the Vision Zero strategy, which by 2050 intends that, within the EU, there are no fatalities caused by traffic incidents.

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 23

Welcome to the latest edition of the N332 RoadWatch emagazine.

There is a major update in this edition, as traffic laws were updated in March. We hope to give you a bit of an insight as to why these changes have taken place, as well as giving you all the details you need to know about the changes.

There are a couple of new traffic signs you might need to know about too, so we have included those in this edition.

We answer the most common questions about using a mobile phone whilst driving. It is allowed in certain circumstances, but not as a telephone.

We also talk a little bit about tyre safety in this issue.

Plus, our friends at Quironsalud bring us their latest update, complete with a QR code you can scan to get more information.

There’s lots to keep you occupied in this edition, and as always we hope you stay safe on the roads. Until next time, thank you for your support.

### The DGT forecasts 8.4 million journeys from tomorrow in the second phase of Easter

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) forecasts that 8.4 million trips will take place in the second phase of the 2022 Easter period, which starts this Wednesday, April 13, and ends on Monday, April 18.

To ensure the safety and fluidity of traffic in this phase, the most important of Holy Week in terms of volume with an average of 1,410,103 daily trips, the DGT has prepared a special device that will start this Wednesday at 3:00 p.m. except in Catalonia that will start the next day.

As the DGT has warned, traffic problems and retentions at exits and accesses to large urban centres will take place this Wednesday until 11:00 p.m., while on Thursday they will be repeated especially between 8:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m.

On Thursday afternoon, the second phase of the start will also start in Catalonia, where traffic problems are expected until approximately 10:00 p.m., mainly on access roads to the coast, those that link towns on the coast and those of access to tourist rest areas.

On Friday, April 15, vehicle movements are expected in the direction of leaving the large cities in all the autonomous communities, which may cause high traffic intensities. However, in Catalonia the routes will be mainly short distance to leisure and recreation areas close to urban centres.

On Friday afternoon, the DGT estimates that short distance movements will also take place throughout the national geography towards towns where processions are held.

The operation of the second phase of Holy Week will reach its calmest day on Saturday, although in the morning traffic problems could be generated in short distance movements in places of destination, especially in accesses to coastal towns and coastal roads. In the afternoon, there will be long-distance return movements that can cause high intensity on some road axes.

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja: 20 years as a benchmark in oncology treatment

Quirónsalud Torrevieja’s oncology department is celebrating 20 years as a benchmark in personalized oncology, offering services ranging from genetic analysis to immunotherapy.



The Oncology Platform of Quirónsalud Torrevieja celebrated two decades since its foundation by broadcasting a series of 8 talks between members of the oncology team and key people from social, business and government in the province of Alicante, such as: Eduardo Dolón, mayor of Torrevieja, Marcela Fernández, president of the Association of Entrepreneurs, Professionals and Managers of the province of Alicante (AEPA), Eva Toledo, president of the Circle-Directives of Alicante, Ángeles Serna, president of TM Real Estate Group, doctor José Manuel Ramia, head of the General Surgery and Digestive System Department of the General University Hospital of Alicante and the first Spaniard to hold the presidency of the Scientific and Research Committee of the Euro-African Society of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Victoria Meneses, president of the Association of Relatives and Cancer patients (AFECANCER), Amparo Navarro, rector of the University of Alicante and Herman Swcharz, president of the College of Physicians of Alicante.

 



 

The initiative started with a presentation video and meeting between Eduardo Dolón and Antonio Brugarolas. The rest of the meetings will be broadcast on a weekly basis and will take place throughout 2022 as Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital celebrates its 20th anniversary under the slogan "20 Years to Measure Life". The campaign highlights that Quirónsalud is always at the forefront of treatments and techniques, and celebrates the adaptability of the Quirónsalud Torrevieja oncology team, always taking into account the needs of both cancer patients and their families. The oncology department boasts a pioneering model at a healthcare, technological and organizational level due to its ability to combine technological innovation with a human approach to medicine.

Within the plans, a series of themed health podcasts have been developed that will allow specialists to analyze and reflect on the links between oncology, technology and emotional assistance. In addition, an exhibition is planned that shows the human bonds established in the context of cancer treatments, among many other initiatives.

Milestones

Since its foundation in 2001, the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital Oncology Department has distinguished itself by proposing an innovative approach in the healthcare model for cancer patients. Always putting the patient at the core of the treatment, it has been able to develop a pioneering way of working in which care integration is prioritized, aimed at the needs of the patient and supported by top of the range technological equipment.

Among the main milestones are:

 	2001. Teams began performing the technique of isolated limb perfusion in the treatment of tumours such as sarcoma, or locally advanced irrevocable melanoma.
 	2004. Incorporation of IORT or intraoperative radiotherapy in the operating room that eliminates or reduces external irradiation sessions.
 	2004. Start of the Genomic Diagnosis Unit and the Personalized Pharmacotherapy Unit for cancer patients.
 	2016. Start-up of one of the only two Clean Rooms in Spain dedicated to cancer treatment designed under international GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) quality criteria and intended for the production of advanced cell therapy drugs, such as vaccines with dendritic cells. The Clean Room is specially designed to obtain minimal or zero contamination levels where the so-called "advanced cell therapy drugs" are made.
 	2021. Quirónsalud Torrevieja acquires a new state-of-the-art linear accelerator for the treatment of all types of cancer with radiotherapy.

 

More than 120,000 patients have received treatment during the last 20 years and Quirónsalud Torrevieja is proud to have been able to help all of them, with "a paradigm shift in the field of care for cancer patients whose advantages and special characteristics have placed the platform as a pioneering project of international reference”, said to Dr. Antonio Brugarolas, director of the Quirónsalud Torrevieja Oncology Platform.

New projects at the forefront of innovation

Immunotherapy. At Quirónsalud Torrevieja, individual tumors are studied on a regular basis as a diagnostic tool, designing specific therapeutic strategies with different degrees of clinical benefit for the patient in up to 70% of the cases studied.

Genetic advice. The analysis of gene expression allows experts to take an X-ray of genes to classify the disease and plan the most effective and least toxic treatment. The Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital Oncology department offers an alternative for patients with tumors resistant to chemotherapy and for whom it was considered that there was no longer any other treatment option.

Oncological surgery. The oncology department offers the most advanced techniques for the surgical approach to tumours such as HIPEC, radiofrequency tumour ablation, limb perfusion with TNF and Melphalan, and electrochemotherapy for the approach to skin tumours.

Personalized Pharmacotherapy. Personalized Pharmacotherapy is the specialized monitoring of oncological drugs, this involves the measurement and interpretation of drug concentrations in the blood in order to identify the effective and least toxic dose for each patient

The Quirónsalud Torrevieja Oncology department is at the forefront of private healthcare, offering the most advanced technology to its patients, such as Intraoperative Radiotherapy and the Varian TrueBeam 2.7 Linear Accelerator.

### "Let's make Big Data wrong", the new DGT campaign for Easter

"Let's make Big Data wrong" is the slogan of the new awareness campaign to avoid traffic incidents that the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has presented for Holy Week, a period in which there is an increase in movements, both long like short haul.



After two years, in which this holiday period has been conditioned by the Coronavirus pandemic, this year forecasts suggest that 14.6 million long-distance trips may be produced on our roads.

To avoid traffic incidents, the DGT has turned to one of the most important Big Data analysts in Spain who, with more than 10 million traffic accidents and through algorithms and mathematical models, has calculated the number of deaths on the road this Holy Week.

According to this expert, there will be 36 people with different profiles who will die this holiday because Big Data, algorithms and statistics predict everything: age, how many men, women or children, in what place and at what time, what type of incidents and with what a vehicle... but if we know that we are within the profile of the people who are most likely to die and we are aware of it, we can avoid it and make Big Data wrong".

According to Pere Navarro, director of the DGT "when they tell you that 36 people are going to die this holiday on the road, you never think that it will be you or someone in your family, but behind each statistic there are names, parents, partners, friends, grandchildren... a real drama that is difficult to overcome; therefore this Easter and always, let's abide by the rules to make Big Data wrong ".

For the campaign, which will run until 19 April, two adverts of 45 and 30 seconds were created for television and social networks. In addition, a graphic for the written press and different pieces for networks have been created.

One device, two phases

For this Holy Week, the DGT forecasts that 14.6 million long-distance journeys will take place, 2.10% less than those that occurred in Holy Week 2019.

To ensure the safety and fluidity of traffic, the DGT has prepared a special device that will began at 3:00 p.m. on Friday, and end at 11:59 p.m. on Monday 18th April.

This operation, one of the most conflictive of the year, due to the multitude of trips that take place in a short space of time, with similar origins and destinations and carried out on the same days and times, will be carried out in two phases, which coincide with the days with the greatest number of trips and on which almost 90% of the planned movements are concentrated.

 	The first phase, which took place last weekend, forecasted 3.7 million trips on the road.
 	The second phase, considered the most important due to the volume of vehicle movements along the entire road network, will begin on Wednesday, April 13, except in Catalonia, which will begin the following day.

This second phase will end at midnight on Monday, April 18 with the return operation, an operation that will take place from Saturday afternoon and will continue throughout Sunday and Easter Monday, since in the Balearic Islands, Catalonia, Valencian Community, Navarra, Basque Country and La Rioja, the Monday is a holiday.

In the rest of the communities, despite not being a holiday, it is a non-school day for schoolchildren and university students, so it is expected that there will also be a significant number of return movements to the large urban centres that will be added to those of the working day.

The importance of respecting the rules

The greater the number of trips, the greater the exposure and therefore the greater the risk. With this premise, the DGT puts all the human and material resources at its disposal so that the established speeds are respected, there are no distractions, nor driving if alcohol or other drugs have been ingested and to avoid being ejected from the vehicle if the seat belt is incorrectly fastened, or you are simply not wearing it.

In addition, the DGT recalls that on March 21 new traffic regulations came into force regarding speed, distraction, seat belt and alcohol, all of which are concurrent factors in road traffic incidents.

### New signs for electric charging points

The General Directorate of Traffic has published a new Instruction, which includes the new signage to help identify the location and main characteristics of electric charging points on the roads.



The electric recharging points already installed on highways and urban roads needed to be marked and included in the Official Catalogue of Road Signs, for which the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda, the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge and the Ministry of the Interior, through the General Directorate of Traffic, began to work together with the aim of agreeing on its content in line with the signals that already exist in other countries of the European Union.

In addition, the corresponding "electric vehicle" pictogram has also been agreed upon for use when it is necessary to specify that the scope of a certain signage refers to this type of vehicle.

 	Pictogram of the signalling of the recharging points on the roads:

The recharging points will be marked on the roads with the signs whose pictogram and meaning are indicated below:

A) "Fuel dispenser and electric recharging station. Indicates the location of a fuel dispenser or service station with availability of an electric recharging station"



B) "Electric charging station. Indicates the location of an electrical charging station"



C) "Fuel dispenser, LPG and electric recharging station. Indicates the location of a fuel dispenser or service station with availability of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or autogas and electric recharging station"



 	Electric vehicle signalling pictogram

The electric vehicle pictogram will be used when it is necessary to indicate that the scope of the signage refers to this type of vehicle.



All these pictograms may be placed individually or collectively on the service signs that you can find both on the road and in urban areas.



The instruction comes into force this week and the newly installed signs must conform to the formats contained therein. However, its application will be progressive as the signs are renewed due to their state of conservation.

### New campaign to monitor the use of seat belts and child restraint systems

All this week, concluding on Sunday, the General Directorate of Traffic launches a new special control campaign focused on monitoring the use of seat belts and child restraint systems on the roads.

Despite the fact that the data shows that the seat belt is the device that has saved the most lives on the road, since its effectiveness halves the risk of death in the event of an accident, even today 1 in 4 deaths in accidents are still not using it. In fact, in 2021 the non-use of seat belts increased by 4% among people killed in cars and vans compared to 2019 (from 22% to 26%).

In the following link you can see how there are still people who do not use the seat belt and only fasten it when they are seen.

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1_AOc2dgThNEzVgMiobcMvzbAbERl_afG?usp=sharing

For this reason, the recently released Traffic and Road Safety Law has raised the points that are lost for not wearing it to 4, as happens if the appropriate child restraint system is not used or is not done in the correct way.

With the fundamental objective that all the occupants of the vehicles, adults or minors, make use of the seat belt or the appropriate SRI, the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil and those of the regional and local police forces that join the campaign will increase the vigilance of these security devices on all types of roads.

Surveillance of its use from the air will also be intensified, with the helicopters available to the DGT, as well as with the automated control that is carried out through the 216 cameras that are installed both on conventional roads and on roads high occupancy.

The campaign in turn joins the one organized by ROADPOL (European Road Surveillance Network) which, within the European Union, wants to influence the basic importance of these retention systems.

THE SEAT BELT AS LIFE INSURANCE

The seat belt is a basic and fundamental element of road safety that reduces the risk of death in the event of an accident by half. In addition, it is key to the proper functioning of the airbag, since it is not effective if it is not worn, since both are designed to work in a complementary way.

Of course, the seat belt must be homologated, well anchored, correctly adjusted and properly fastened.

CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEMS

For children, the use of child restraint systems is even more important as data shows that nine out of ten serious or fatal child injuries would have been prevented if mandatory restraints had been used and that, in the event of an accident, injuries are reduced by up to 75% with proper use of them.

In Spain it is mandatory that minors with a height equal to or less than 135 cm correctly use the child restraint system appropriate to their size and weight, being recommended up to 150 cm.

Minors must be seated in the rear seats, except when the vehicle does not have them, they are already occupied by other minors or it is not possible to install all the child restraint systems in them.

### Finding Fuel on the Motorway

If you are making a long trip on a motorway and you do not want to deviate too much to refuel, it might help if you know some of the hidden secrets of the road signs.

On a long trip, it is quite common to not want to go too far out of your way to refuel. In most cases, the filling station that is next to or very close to the motorway is often preferred. However, sometimes, because we may not know how to read and interpret traffic signs, we end up selecting a petrol station which is surprisingly far away from the motorway.

The distance indicated by the information signs is one of the main giveaways for drivers, but the colour is also an indicator.

In the case of distance, if the indicative signs say that the petrol station is at 1,000 metres and then at 500 metres, this means that the filling station will be practically next to the motorway or on a parallel service road that will make you deviate very little.

On the other hand, if the petrol station identification signs are located 750 and 250 metres away, in these cases you will have to deviate from the motorway and, on certain occasions, even take a short tour of a section of a regional or national road.

Likewise, the colours of the filling station or service station identification signs also constitute a fundamental trick. First of all, if these signs are blue, then the petrol station will be on the same side of the highway; secondly, if the signs are green, the service station will not be parallel to the motorway, although it will be a short distance through a small section of connection that will not make you deviate too much; and thirdly, if the signs are white, this filling station option would be the least interesting for you , because to get to the service station you will have to travel a few kilometres through a national, local, provincial or regional road.

In addition to the colours and distances, another piece of information that you must take into account and that is usually indicated on these signs is the timetable in which the gas stations provide service. Be careful because there are a good number of these establishments that have restricted hours (from 6-7 am until 11 pm in many cases) and even on Sundays and holidays they may be closed.

Of course, if your car is equipped with a GPS navigator with a service station/petrol station locator, it will be helpful to consult it, unless its software has not been updated for a long time. Likewise, there are many apps for smartphones with petrol station locators and, in many cases, they also tell you the price and the ranking of the cheapest according to the route you are taking.

### Tyres and the ITV

All vehicles will have to undergo the ITV inspection at some point. For cars that are more than ten years old, the revision is annual and if the vehicle is more than four years old, it will be done every two years.

In this exam, the technicians test all technical conditions of the vehicle for its proper operation on the road.

Checking the tyres forms a crucial part of that inspection, where most of the defects are considered serious, and can therefore prevent a pass during the ITV.

Tyre defects that prevent passing the ITV

The first issue that the ITV technician will look at is that the tyres are approved and are compatible with the vehicle's technical card.

This document indicates the appropriate requirements for each vehicle as well as the models that are approved.

On the same axle, all tires must be the same: same brand, model, dimensions, and type.

Likewise, it is important that the load and speed index of the tires are equal to or greater than those of the homologation of our car, otherwise, the result of the ITV will be unfavourable.

- Speed ​​and load index: The first indicator refers to the maximum speed supported by the tyre, while the second is the weight limit that it is capable of supporting. The lowest value of any of the tyres included in the ITV card is taken as reference.

- Measurements: Important factor to maintain the dynamics and driving of the car as it has been designed from the factory. For this reason, from the ITV a maximum distortion of +/-3% is accepted in the measurements in the total diameter of the tyre.

1.6mm deep tread

Technicians strictly monitor tyre tread wear. The grooves must have a minimum depth of 1.6 mm. If the wear is higher, the result of the ITV will be unfavourable and we will only be authorised to circulate to the workshop. A traffic officer can fine you if the tires have this defect.

Visual tyre check

In addition, other elements of the tyres will be checked visually to rule out deformations or breaks, that there are no exposed cables or that the rubber does not interfere with other parts of the vehicle.

List of faults when passing the ITV

- Tyre is without approval mark: serious defect.

- Measurements, speed index or load does not coincide with those included in the vehicle type approval or with their equivalents: serious defect.

- Different model tyres mounted on the same axle: serious defect.

- Wrong mounting of the tyre: serious defect.

- Depth of the main tread grooves less than 1.6 mm: serious defect.

- Unauthorised sculpting: serious defect.

- Irregular and excessive wear on the tread: serious defect.

- Defects in the condition of the tyre: blisters, abnormal deformations, breaks,...: serious defect. If there is danger of bursting, the defect is very serious.

- Exposed cables, cracks or signs of breakage of the casing: very serious defect.

- Incompatibility of the tyre with the rim: serious defect.

- No maximum speed warning label: minor defect.

- Interference of the tyre with other parts of the vehicle: serious defect.

- The air pressure control system works incorrectly or does not work: minor defect.

It is always a good idea to check your tyres regularly. Making sure they are properly inflated, show no signs of damage, and the tread depth is sufficient. Tyres are one of the main safety features of a vehicle, though they are often neglected. It is because of their importance that the ITV inspection pays such close attention to them.

### Mobile Phone Questions Answered

Since the law in Spain changed recently, a number of questions have arisen regarding using a mobile phone when driving.

Using a mobile phone when driving is never a good idea, since distractions are one of the principal contributing factors to road traffic collisions.

In Spain, you risk a fine and the loss of 6 points from your licence. However, since the law changed, you don´t even have to be using the phone to commit an offence, simply holding the device can result in a penalty.

This point has raised the first question.

Can you use a mobile phone as a navigation device?

Yes, you can. However, there are rules. The phone must be secure, for example being carried in a cradle fixed to the vehicle’s dashboard. It must not interfere with your primary field of vision, so be careful if your cradle fixes to the windscreen. You must not touch the device when you are driving. If you need to reprogram your route, you must stop your vehicle in a safe, legal, and convenient location to do so.

Can I use my mobile when stopped in traffic?

No, you can’t. Being stopped in traffic, or at traffic lights, you are still considered as driving. Your sole attention must be the road. If you do touch or use your mobile in these circumstances, you risk a fine, in the same way as if you are moving. You must first stop your vehicle in a safe, legal, and convenient location.

If I am a tourist, will I be fined?

Yes, you will. If you are a driver who doesn’t hold a Spanish licence, so a UK license holder for example, you will have to pay the fine to the traffic police on the stop. If you are unable to do so, they are able to impound your vehicle.

Can I use a Bluetooth headset?

No, you can’t. Having anything which is put into the ear is illegal in Spain. Therefore, Bluetooth headsets are banned. The same would apply if you were to be listening to music through headphones, this is not permitted.

Can I use my mobile when riding a bicycle or scooter?

No, you can’t. When they are on the road, bicycles and scooters are classed as vehicles. Therefore, all laws which apply to larger vehicles such as cars apply to them too.

Distractions are the leading cause of fatal incidents. In 2020, in 31% of fatal incidents, distractions were the contributing factor. Mobile phones are the main cause of distraction.

### ITV Prevents Death and Injury

No less than 133 deaths and 12,100 injuries in traffic accidents are avoided each year thanks to the Technical Inspection of Vehicles (ITV) in a total of 17,700 accidents that did not occur, according to a study by the Carlos III University of Madrid. This analysis also attributes a saving of 329 million euro to society.

But not everything is good news, since we must include the so-called "silent victims" that is, those due to air pollution that have been estimated at 406 more, in addition to another 485 million saved. With all this, the figures amount to 539 total deaths avoided and cost containment that rises to 814 million euro in total per year.

These figures are going to serve as the basis for the first awareness campaign that the ITVs are going to carry out. Its intention is clear, to stop being perceived as a formality and to become one as an act of responsibility towards oneself and towards the rest of society. That is to say, "vaccinate ourselves" according to Guillermo Magaz, general director of AECA-ITV, who categorically affirms that "it is a fact that ITV saves lives" and for this reason this campaign aims to "generate impact, knowledge of the social function of our work, inform about the benefits that we bring to all drivers and move those who pass the inspection to do so, motivated by the importance of it”.

Magaz also affirms that the fact that the technical inspection allows to control the emissions of polluting gases from the vehicles so that they comply with the maximum levels allowed by current regulations and pollution is reduced.

The association, which brings together more than 400 inspection stations, is going to carry out this campaign at a national level before Easter, with the slogan "If it doesn't pass, pass it on". It will last about six weeks and is aimed at citizens because "although there are factors that generate accidents such as the state of the road and the behaviour of the driver, the state of the vehicles is another one of them. And in it, technical inspections play a key role, since a vehicle that circulates on the roads without complying with the minimum safety standards poses a risk to all road users”, according to Alejandro Pastor, president of AECA-ITV.

According to AECA-ITV in 2020 and compared to data from 2019, vehicles over ten years old involved in road accidents with fatalities and without the past ITV grew by 88% in passenger cars, 109% in light industrial vehicles of up to 3,500 kilos and up to 176% more in industrials of more than that tonnage.

That is why Magaz sees it as "an act of individual care and for other people, just as we have done with vaccines in the pandemic, for example", although it does not leave aside the "necessary control of emissions" as well as the forecast that, for example, insurance companies hide behind this fault so as not to cover the economic consequences of these possible accidents.

Both executives are aware that "we have one of the oldest fleets in Europe and with bleak prospects in the short term" and therefore point out that with it we not only protect ourselves, but also protect those who accompany us in the car and those who cross our path. According to Magaz and Pastor "there are things that can be passed over, but the ITV is not one of them and that is what has been tried to reflect in this initiative."

### Letting Emergency Vehicles Pass

It´s never something any of us want to encounter during a drive, but occasionally we will come across emergency vehicles who need to pass us.

All too often this surprises drivers, sometimes cars barely move, they don't make room and prevent the emergency vehicle from progressing. These are common situations for drivers of the emergency services who complain about the lack of knowledge of the general public.

By virtue of article 69 of the General Traffic Regulations, cars must facilitate the passage of ambulances, firefighters or police cars; Otherwise, they will commit a serious offense punishable by a fine of 200 euro.

To make their work easier and to save lives, a central corridor must be opened on the road, the so-called “emergency corridor”. Cars traveling in the right-hand lanes must pull over to the right-hand shoulder. Those who do it on the left, move to the left.

In the event of there being three or more lanes of traffic, the emergency vehicle will try to cut a path between lanes one and two, so those on the right must move over to the right, and those in lane one, move to the left.



It is also worth noting that Guardia Civil traffic and police vehicles may have blue lights illuminated all the time. This is part of their high-profile policing procedures. It is only when the blue lights are flashing that they are responding to an emergency.

### Traffic Law is Updated

This week, 21st March to be precise, the latest amendment to the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety came into force. Its objective is mainly focused on the "review of infractions that detract points", says Francisco Alas-Pumariño, head of the Regulations Unit of the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT).

For the DGT, it is very clear that what is known as Permission by Points has proven to be a very valid tool to reduce accidents on roads and cities. The data corroborates it. The year 2005 (the last one without points) closed with 3,268 deaths on interurban roads, according to data from the DGT. In 2006 (the Permission for Points entered into force on July 1 of that year) the balance of fatalities was 2,989 people, and in 2021 1,004 people died in traffic accidents.

More points, same fines

Several specific studies on this matter indicate that around 15% of the reduction that occurred between 2005 and 2009 was directly due to the impact of the points and, even, indicates Alas-Pumariño “it contributed decisively to internalising what are the behaviours and attitudes that pose a greater risk for driving. But it was also very clear that more than 10 years had passed since its last modification (in 2009) and, as the head of the DGT Regulations Unit underlines, "it was necessary to update it to improve the efficiency of the system and adapt it to the times".

In total, the new Law contains about 50 novelties. We have already covered many of them, but we will explain the most important again:

Carrying the mobile in your hand

Manual manipulation of the mobile phone, browser or any other communication device while driving is prohibited. As well as the use of helmets or headphones. Yes, hands-free is allowed.

WHY?

Since 2016, distractions are already the leading cause of fatal accidents. In 2020, in 31% of fatal accidents, distractions were the contributing factor.

Intercom between bikes

The use of certified or approved wireless devices for use in the helmet for communication and navigation purposes is authorised.

WHY?

It is a repeated claim of the motorcycle sector, and now new technologies make it possible safely.

Not using the seat belt, CRS and helmet properly

It will be considered an infraction not to use a seat belt or to wear it inappropriately, as well as applying to the CRS (child seat) for children and the helmet on motorcyclists.

WHY?

One in four deaths in cars or vans was not wearing a seat belt. The DGT considers that if they do not use it, it is because they do not want to, not because they do not know that it is mandatory to do so.

Safe and efficient driving courses

The DGT is committed to the training of drivers who want to improve their driving and make it safer and more efficient, through voluntary courses. They will be rewarded with 2 points, provided they have a positive balance. One course of each type may be taken every 2 years.

WHY?

They have been consolidated as a good practice. A Ministerial Order will determine its content.

They are different from the awareness and re-education courses that are mandatory for drivers who have lost all their points or their driving licence.

Recovery of points

After 2 years without the driver being sanctioned for committing an infraction that entails deduction of points, the initial balance of points will be recovered. It does not matter if the offences are serious or very serious.

WHY?

Until now, 2 years had to pass if the infringement had been serious and 3 if it had been very serious. An administrative complication that did not provide more security or more driver awareness. It facilitates the communication of this rule and the understanding of the citizen.

Goodbye at 20 km/h when overtaking

On conventional roads, drivers may not exceed the maximum speed allowed to overtake other vehicles by 20 km/h.

WHY?

Two out of every three fatal accidents occur on conventional roads. Overtaking is undoubtedly a risky manoeuvre, reducing the number of these manoeuvres is to reduce the accident rate on conventional roads, a priority in road safety policy. In addition, this exception does not exist in any country in our environment.

Not respecting the instructions of the agents and panels

Failure to respect the signs, orders or indications of the agents in charge of the regulation, organisation, management, surveillance and discipline of traffic, as well as the indications of the variable message panels located on the roads.

WHY?

The regulations establish that the indications of the panels are also mandatory, and therefore punishable.

Pedestrian priority

Pedestrians will have priority over vehicles in crossings, on pavements and in pedestrian areas. In addition, bicycles and VMPs will not be able to circulate on the pedestrian areas. Exceptions will be established by regulation.

WHY?

Until now, only pedestrian crossings were mentioned, pavements and pedestrian areas have been added to cover pedestrian preference in accesses, for example. It is important to remember that at some point we are all pedestrians.

Overtaking cyclists

To overtake a bicycle or a moped you must keep a minimum distance of 1.5 metres. If the road has two or more lanes in each direction, it is mandatory to completely change lanes to carry out the manoeuvre.

WHY?

To improve the safety of this vulnerable group in their increasingly frequent journeys both by road and in urban areas. In 2020, 71 cyclists died in traffic accidents.

Parking in the bike lane

Stopping or parking any vehicle in the bike lanes or paths is prohibited.

WHY?

If it is already on the bus lanes, it seems logical that it is also on the increasingly frequent bike lanes in our cities. The bicycle is one more means of transport, more and more numerous, and we have to learn to live with it and protect this most vulnerable group.

Riding a scooter on the highway or motorway

The VMP (scooters) will not be able to circulate on the highway or motorway.

WHY?

This prohibition is already included in the Regulation of Urban Measures (the one known by the 30 km/h in the city); With this Law, it is given legal coverage necessary to sanction this infraction.

Bike and scooter classes

The regulations are approved so that training in the driving of bicycles and personal mobility vehicles is included in the educational programming.

WHY?

The DGT is strongly committed to education as the best action to reduce risks and children as the most important group. They are now and will be road users both as drivers and as pedestrians.

Carrying radar inhibitors

The use or its installation is prohibited, and now also the carrying of radar inhibitors or any other instrument that eludes or interferes with the operation of traffic surveillance systems, or emits or makes signals to warn of the position of a radar.

WHY?

These systems interfere with the proper functioning of traffic surveillance systems and put the safety of road users at risk.

Zero alcohol for minors

The 0 rate of alcohol (both in blood and in exhaled air) is introduced for the first time for drivers under 18 years of age (bicycles, scooters, mopeds with AM and A1 permits).

WHY?

If the sale of alcohol to minors is prohibited, the DGT considers their correspondence in driving logical and reasonable. In addition, in 27% of the accidents registered in 2020, the main contributing factor was alcohol.

Circulate if it is restricted due to contamination or in ZBE

It is mandatory to respect the traffic restrictions derived from the application of the protocols in the event of pollution episodes and in low emission zones (ZBE).

WHY?

The Climate Change Law obliges municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants to start up these areas in 2022 and, legal coverage had to be given to the municipalities for the surveillance, control and sanction of their non-compliance.

Throwing cigarette butts

The number of points lost is increased (from 4 to 6 points) for throwing objects that could cause fires or accidents onto the road or in its vicinity.

WHY?

Reduce the risk of road accidents and worrying damage to the environment.

Cheating in exams

The use of intercom devices in tests for obtaining or recovering permits or driving licences (for example, earpieces) is prohibited. In addition to the fine, they will not be able to take the exam again for 6 months.

WHY?

It is a widespread practice and it is very serious that a person without adequate knowledge can obtain a licence and drive.

Impersonation (someone else introduces themselves as you) is a criminal offence.

The licence, on the mobile

Now with the miDGT app you can prove that you have authorisation to drive.

WHY?

Put the facilities provided by new technologies at the service of the citizen.

Professional drivers

Companies dedicated to the transport of people or goods and the self-employed who have employees are made possible to know if a professional driver who works with them has a valid driving licence, without requiring the authorisation of the worker.

WHY?

Transport companies demand the possibility of controlling whether their workers comply with legal requirements, are responsible and are aware of road safety.

Alcolock for professionals

As of July 6, 2022, newly registered vehicles dedicated to passenger transport will have the pre-installation of so-called alcolocks (devices connected to the starting system that prevent the vehicle's engine from starting if the driver exceeds the rate of permitted breathalyser). And your driver must use them.

WHY?

Mandatory regulations established by the European Union.

Data for reflection

In 2009, more than 1.5 million firm penalties with loss of points were imposed. In 2019, the figure was reduced to 1.1 million sanctions. 26 % less.

Almost 3,000 firm penalties for drug use behind the wheel were imposed in 2009, ten years later, in 2019, the 37,000 penalties were exceeded. Increase of more than 1,000%.

Between 2015 and 2019, the use of helmets by deceased motorcyclists increased by 10% on urban roads.

On the same dates, the average use of seat belts in fatalities increased slightly. It went from 73% to 76%, on interurban roads.

In 2006, more than 34,000 proceedings were initiated for offences against road safety for the consumption of alcohol and/or drugs while driving. In 2020, it was 57,000 procedures.

### Common Faults with Vehicle Lights That Can Result in an ITV Failure

Vehicle lighting is of vital importance for maintaining road safety. That is why, in ITV centres, part of the inspection consists of thoroughly checking the condition of the car's lights.

This element is one of those that can cause the result of our ITV to be unfavourable or even negative, since it is associated with many serious defects that are, in the end, the ones that can prevent us from driving.

Each type of light (fog, brake, dipped...) has associated defects, although in general the most common failures that can cause a failure at the ITV inspection are:

If one of the main beam lights does not work, it is considered a minor defect. In the event that none of them work, it will be serious and a reason for a negative on the ITV.

Carrying burnt out, broken light bulbs... will be cause for serious misconduct.

If any of the dipped lights do not work, it will be considered a serious defect.

The light beam can be a serious fault if it is too high (it can blind other drivers) and a minor fault if it is low or deflected to the side.

When the intensity of the main beam exceeds a certain level, it can also be the reason for a negative ITV.

It will be a serious defect to carry unapproved headlights.

The same will happen if the colour of the light they emit is not regulation.

When the device has a defect that affects its operation, a serious fault will be received.

If the warning light on the dashboard does not come on when we activate the high beams, it will be the cause of a minor defect.

It will also happen if the control with which the lights are levelled does not work.

The light source has to be compatible with the bulb or else it will be a serious failure.

The high beams must all be turned off with a single command, otherwise it will be cause for serious fault.

### Drink Driving Myths Exposed

Driving under the influence of alcohol is one of the main causes of vehicle accidents in Spain. According to figures from the General Directorate of Traffic, one in three deceased drivers tested positive for alcohol and other drugs.

For this reason, the DGT continues with its awareness campaign #SiConducesPonteACero so that drivers do not get behind the wheel if they have consumed a single drop of alcohol.

In one of their latest tweets, they talk about the false belief of some tricks to hide alcohol and other drugs in the controls.

"There are no tricks that are worth trying to avoid #drug controls (drink water, coffee, lemon, etc. The presence of drugs in saliva does not disappear and it does not disappear from the blood," they explain.

And they conclude with a phrase that sums it all up: “It only works to NOT consume”.

Here, we explain some of the myths that do not work to hide alcohol and other drugs.

A study carried out by FESVIAL (Spanish Foundation for Road Safety) points out the great lack of knowledge of the operation of the procedure that is followed in a control of drugs to drivers.

Proof of this is that "40% of drivers, according to this study, believe that the analysis is done on expired air and not saliva," they explain.

This ignorance influences false beliefs to elude controls. These are the data offered by the DGT study on these tricks.

- Wait 1-2 hours

It doesn't work. It is only effective if the wait is very long and is around 5-6 hours, as a standard mean time, which would be the time in which the body eliminates the drugs at the levels measured by the test.

- Consume coffee

It doesn't work. The ingestion of coffee 'fooled' the first ethylometers several decades ago, but it does not produce any effect on the concentration of the drug in the saliva.

- Drinking water

It doesn't work. There is no scientific evidence to support it. Drinking water does not dilute the presence of drug in saliva.

- Play sports / sweat

It doesn't work. Saliva tests – used in road checks – are not affected by sweating or playing sports. Therefore, it doesn't work.

- eat lemons

It doesn't work. Eating lemons does not produce any alteration in the concentration of the drug in the saliva, although it does stimulate its production.

- Drink energy drinks

It doesn't work and it's dangerous. The high concentrations of stimulants in these drinks can cause additive effects. It does not dilute the drug concentration and there are cases of sudden death described.

- Sleep for a while

It doesn't work. Sleep, by itself, does not eliminate the amount of drug present in the body. Only if it is a sleep of more than five hours would it produce an effect, not because of the fact of sleeping, but because of the time elapsed.

 

### Results of Latest Heavy Vehicle Campaign Released

Details of the last special surveillance and control campaign, which for a week focused on vehicles used for the transport of goods and people, were released this week.

The campaign was organised by the RoadPol association at a European level under the name Operation Truck&Bus and developed in Spain by the Directorate General for Traffic.

On this occasion, officers from the Guardia Civil Traffic Group have controlled a total of 19,039 vehicles, of which 5,112 truck drivers and 124 bus drivers were reported for not complying with the precepts of the regulations. In addition, 60 trucks were immobilised for different reasons attributed to the driver or the vehicle and were prevented from continuing on the road for safety reasons.

The number of drivers who were driving with alcohol or other psychotropic substances stands out, when they were required by the agents of the traffic group to carry out the appropriate tests. Specifically, 14 truck drivers were reported for testing positive for alcohol and 44 for other drugs. These data reflect a higher number of positives than in the campaign carried out in February of last year, where the figure was 15 positives for drugs and 9 positives for alcohol. None of the bus drivers who were tested were positive for these substances.

As usual, the most numerous offences (55%) were those caused by excessive driving hours. On this occasion, 2,468 drivers were reported for offences related to driving times (2,442 trucks and 26 buses) and 420 for issues related to the tachograph (398 trucks and 22 buses).

Also important is the number of infractions related to documentation, both of the vehicle and the driver, which means that 1,026 drivers (949 of trucks and 77 of buses) circulated with administrative irregularities, as well as the number of sanctions imposed for infractions related to the Technical Inspection (573).

In addition, 674 truck drivers were reported for excess weight or improper load arrangement and 142 for violations related to seat belts and other devices (131 truck users and 11 bus users).

Regarding speed, 185 drivers were detected driving at speeds higher than those allowed (175 trucks and 10 buses).

### Quirónsalud Torrevieja Oncology Platform celebrates “20 years of Bespoke Life”

Created in 2000, it is celebrating its 20th anniversary with an innovative care model for cancer patients.

 

 	The centre will undertake several initiatives and activities throughout the year to mark its two decades of service.

 

 	Specialists from the Platform will hold various meetings with well-known personalities from Alicante, including Eduardo Dolón, Mayor of Torrevieja and President of the Costa Blanca Tourist Board, Amparo Navarro, Chancellor of the University of Alicante, Marcela Fernández, President of AEPA, Eva Toledo, President of the Alicante Directors' Circle and Ángeles Serna, President of TM Real Estate Group.



Quirónsalud Torrevieja Oncology Platform celebrates 20 years since its foundation and is set to launch on social media a series of 8 meetings between members of the cancer team and people from the social, business and institutional circles in Alicante province:

 	Eduardo Dolón, Mayor of Torrevieja and President of the Costa Blanca Tourist Board,
 	Marcela Fernández, President of the Association of Businesswomen, Professionals and Executives of Alicante province (AEPA).
 	Eva Toledo, President of the Alicante Directors' Circle,
 	Ángeles Serna, President of TM Real Estate Group,
 	 José Manuel Ramia, Head of the General and Digestive System Surgery Department at the Alicante General University Hospital and the first Spaniard to hold the presidency of the Scientific and Research Committee of the Euro-African Society of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery.
 	Victoria Meneses, President of the Cancer Patients and Family Association (AFECANCER)
 	Amparo Navarro, Chancellor of the University of Alicante,
 	Hermann Swcharz, President of the Medical Association of Alicante.

This initiative commences today, 4 February, World Cancer Day, and will run throughout 2022. Quironsalud Torrevieja Hospital plans to celebrate its 20th anniversary by launching a publicity campaign under the slogan “20 Years of Bespoke Life,” always at the forefront of treatments and techniques, highlighting the ability of the cancer team at Quirónsalud Torrevieja to adapt, considering the needs of both cancer patients and their families. A pioneering model in terms of care, technology and organisation, precisely because of its ability to combine technological advances and innovation with a human approach to medical care.

The centre also plans to develop a number of theme-based healthcare podcasts that will enable its specialists to analyse and discuss the common issues between cancer, technology and emotional care. Similarly, there are plans to set up an exhibition showing the human bonds established in the context of cancer treatment, among many other initiatives.

 

A benchmark in the treatment of cancer patients. 

Since its creation in 2000, the Oncology Platform at Quironsalud Torrevieja Hospital has stood out for proposing an innovative approach in the care model for cancer patients. Always focusing on the patient, it has been able to develop a pioneering way of working in which priority is given to integrated care, aimed at the needs of the patient with the best technological equipment.

A paradigm shift in the scope of cancer patient care whose advantages and special characteristics have made the Platform a pioneering project with international repute.

The Platform has a nationally and internationally renowned multidisciplinary team, both in the field of care and in research and innovation, integrated within a flexible, open and horizontal structure, which enables the patient to be cared for more effectively and in less time so as to provide them with a better quality of life.

Quirónsalud Torrevieja's Oncology Platform is at the forefront of private healthcare, offering the most advanced technology to its patients, such as Intraoperative Radiotherapy and Varian TrueBeam 2.7 Linear Accelerator. The hospital also offers the most advanced surgical techniques for tumours such as HIPEC, radiofrequency tumour ablation, perfusion of limbs with TNF and Melphalan and electrochemotherapy for the treatment of skin tumours. The Platform provides a range of of services, including Genetic Counselling, Pharmacotherapy, Nuclear Medicine, Immunology, Nuclear Genetics and Psycho-oncology.

 

 

Quirónsalud in the Valencian Community and Murcia region

Quirónsalud has 9 facilities in the Valencian Community and Murcia Region, a leading group at the forefront of private medicine where people are paramount.

Quirónsalud is a leader in private healthcare in the Valencian Community and Murcia in terms of technological equipment, as well as comfort and services for both patients and professionals working at its facilities.

 

### February ends with 79 deaths in traffic accidents

During the month of February, 75 fatal accidents have been registered on the road in which 79 people have died, 3 less than in the same month of 2019.

This accident rate has occurred in a context of a greater number of trips (+8%); Specifically, 30.5 million long-distance movements were registered throughout the month, compared to 28.3 million in February 2019.

56 of the deceased took place in accidents that occurred on conventional roads, compared to 23 that were recorded on high-capacity roads (highways or motorways).

Deaths by type of road

Depending on the type of accident, road departures continue to increase with 39 deaths, compared to 30 fatalities in February 2019. On the other hand, collisions decrease from 38 fatalities in February 2019 to 28 this year.

According to the means of travel in February, compared to the same month in 2019, vulnerable deaths increased (32 compared to 24) and deaths in cars and vans decreased (43 in February 2022 compared to 51 in February 2019)

Regarding the use of safety systems, there are 13 deceased who were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the accident. Also a deceased on a bicycle circulated without the corresponding helmet.

By autonomous communities, Andalusia and the Community of Madrid are the autonomous communities that lead the greatest decreases compared to the figures for February 2019.

The day with the most deaths was Monday, February 14, with 8 fatalities and only one day with 0 deaths, Thursday 10.

ANNUAL ACCUMULATED

So far this year, 179 people have died on our roads, compared to 155 in 2019, this means 15% more, due to the increase in accidents in January, when 27 more deaths were recorded than in January 2019.

In February, the trend observed in January of an increase in the number of deaths on high-capacity roads and a slight decrease on conventional roads continued.

In the accumulated figure for the year, more than double the number of deaths have been recorded on highways and motorways (30 in 2019 and 62 in 2022) and there has been a 6% decrease on conventional roads (from 125 to 117 fatalities).

Consistent with the foregoing, lane departures in the year accumulated have increased from 54 to 79 and head-on collisions have been reduced from 42 to 31.

All data is compared to 2019, the reference year.

### Other Changes to Traffic Laws This Month

The new ways of moving, connecting and communicating require us to evolve. For this reason, the Spanish government has adapted the Traffic and Road Safety Law to the times, a new reform that will improve the efficiency of the system and coexistence among all.

Learn about the new rules that come into force on March 21:

Now, on conventional roads, car and motorcycle drivers will no longer be able to exceed the maximum speed allowed to overtake other vehicles by 20 km/h. A measure that seeks to minimise the risk caused by overtaking and thus reduce the accident rate on conventional roads.

Now, not using the seat belt, child restraint systems and other protection elements or not doing it properly will make you lose 4 points

Now, if you drive while holding mobile phone devices, you can lose 6 points.

Now, throwing objects that can cause fires or accidents on the road or in its vicinity entails the loss of 6 points

Now, it is mandatory to respect the traffic restrictions that respond to the active protocols in the event of pollution episodes and Low Emission Zones (ZBE).

Now, it is prohibited to stop or park your vehicle in the bike lane or on cycle paths. The bicycle is one more means of transport, more and more numerous, and we have to learn to live with it and learn to protect this most vulnerable group.

Now, to overtake a bicycle or moped, you must do so completely occupying the adjoining lane on roads with 2 or more lanes in each direction. On single lane roads, you will have to maintain the minimum lateral separation of 1.5 metres or you will lose 6 points. It is a way to protect this vulnerable group.,

Pedestrians now have right of way over vehicles in crosswalks, on sidewalks and in pedestrian zones. Remember that we are all pedestrians at some point.

Carrying radar jammers in vehicles is now prohibited, whether they are connected or not. They are systems that interfere with the proper functioning of traffic surveillance systems, so they are not allowed. Doing so means the loss of 3 points.

Now, regardless of the infractions that have been committed, the term to recover the initial balance of points is 2 years if no infractions are committed that lead to the loss of points.

Now it is no longer necessary to physically carry your driving licence. Thanks to the miDGT App, you will be able to prove that you have authority to drive.

Now, when you take a test to obtain or recover your driving licence or other administrative procedures for driving, you cannot use intercom devices that are not legally authorised. It is also considered a very serious infraction to collaborate or assist another person for this purpose. In case of doing so, the applicant will not be able to take the tests to obtain or recover the permit within a period of six months.

Now, if you have a motorcycle or moped, you can use certified or approved wireless devices in your crash helmet for communication or navigation purposes.

Now, not wearing the helmet or not wearing it properly will cause you to lose 4 points.

Now, if you are underage and driving, your alcohol level is 0.0.

Remember that Personal Mobility Vehicles are prohibited from driving on highways and motorways.

### The DGT launches an information campaign to explain the main novelties of the Traffic and Road Safety Law

The changes will come into force on March 21 and among them are the increase to 6 loss points in case of using the mobile phone while driving, to 4 for not using the seat belt or helmet, and the disappearance of the 20 kilometre per hour margin when overtaking on conventional roads.

The General Directorate of Traffic this week launched a new information campaign with the aim of explaining the main changes in the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety that will come into force on 21 March.

Under the slogan "New times. New rules", the campaign, which can be seen in digital media, the written press, social networks with the hashtag # NuevosTiemposNuevasNormas and heard on radio between February 15 and March 21, aims to publicise the most important novelties of this law that tries to adapt to the current reality of drivers.

The media campaign will focus on seven of these developments with the aim of clearly explaining the most important changes introduced.

The campaign explains that, for example, from now on using the mobile phone while driving will subtract 6 points from our points credit instead of 3, in the same way that the penalty for not using the seat belt, helmet or corresponding child restraint system, all without an increase in the economic penalty. In addition, the time required to elapse without committing offences for a driver to recover their initial balance of points is unified to 2 years.

Emphasis is also placed on the suppression of the 20 kilometre per hour margin to overtake on conventional roads that existed until now and on other measures aimed at the cyclist community, such as the obligation, on roads with more than one lane in each direction, to change lanes when overtaking cyclists or mopeds or the prohibition of stopping or parking in bike lanes or cycle paths.

But as the reform of the Law has been broader and more articles have been modified, not only referring to the permit by points, a specific page has been created within the DGT website where the most important changes can be consulted.

https://www.dgt.es/muevete-con-seguridad/conoce-las-normas-de-trafico/nuevas-leyes/

According to Pere Navarro, General Director of Traffic, "it is an obligation that we have as an Administration to explain to citizens the changes that have occurred in the Traffic and Road Safety Law. It is opportune and necessary that they know about the modifications because if they are known and explained, most citizens will internalise them and comply with them, because we must not forget that in mobility the personal behaviour we adopt when we move usually has direct consequences for oneself and for the rest of the users who share the road".

### Zero Aspirations

Sustainable, healthy, safe, and accessible. They are the characteristics that describe how cities will be in the not too distant future. Forecasts indicate that cities will have more inhabitants (according to the United Nations, in 2050, almost 70% of the world population will live in a city), they will be older and, in addition, they will have to coexist with new modes of transport and urban distribution of goods, with the help of connectivity and digitisation. The ultimate goal is to move towards a safe system, a comprehensive 0 vision, with 0 victims (neither injured nor deceased), 0 polluting emissions and 0 noise.

Walking

All this was discussed at the VI Meeting of Cities for road safety and sustainable mobility organised by the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), in collaboration with the Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FEMP).

There it was found that today's cities are designed with the car in mind, a model that we must modify so that the protagonist of mobility is the pedestrian. At the moment, in cities like London or Berlin, less than 15% of journeys take place on foot; in Barcelona or Zaragoza, for example, that percentage is around 50%. The truth is that this transformation has accelerated after the pandemic.

Trends

On the horizon are cities where the priority should be walking, even before cycling. “The one who walks does not generate economic interests and nobody defends him. Therefore, defending those who walk is a public responsibility”, says Joan Clos, former mayor of Barcelona. Among other things, he claims sidewalks free of "artifacts" so that all people can walk on them, while he recalls that "the urban regulation of public space corresponds to the municipalities".

Jorge Antonio Azcón, mayor of Zaragoza – a city that has taken on the challenge of being one of the 100 climate-neutral European cities by 2030 – believes that "mobility is going to mark the future of cities" and points to seven trends: clean energy , new modes of transport (VMP, bikes, etc.), shared mobility, autonomous vehicles, technological advances (connectivity), freight (last mile) and pedestrians (on which the life of the city must revolve). In the opinion of Álvaro Gómez, director of the DGT Road Safety Observatory, it is necessary for road safety policies to be transversal, that is, to be integrated with other policies, as stated in the Sustainable Development Goals and the Agenda 2030.

Covenant

Mobility experts agree that the transformation of cities must be the result of the agreement. “It is worth reflecting on public space, agreeing on what needs to be done. If we don't succeed, we will all lose”, says Clos.

But, to reach that agreement, it is necessary to communicate the changes to the citizens in an appropriate way. As Alfonso Gil, deputy mayor of Bilbao and president of the FEMP Committee on Transport, Sustainable Mobility and Road Safety, points out, " we must be prepared for change and for communicating change" because the new philosophy of cities "is here to stay" and must come by consensus.

In this sense, Carmen Silva, president of the Pontevedra Provincial Council, believes that we must bet on coexistence, participation and transparency. In addition, she believes that "it is necessary to teach the before and after" to citizens and "demonstrate what we gain with the new city model".

In addition to consensus and communication, other basic pillars of the new mobility are prevention and road training, to generate good habits among citizens. And, later, if that is not achieved, surveillance and control of dangerous behaviours. In this way, " risks are avoided, infractions are detected, complaints are generated and respect for the rules is increased," says Pascual Martínez, national president of UNIJEPOL (National Union of Local Police Chiefs and Executives).

Safety: in the city, at 30 km/h

“Slowing down is one of the most important things cities can do to make their streets safer”, since “a person is approximately five times less likely to be fatally injured if hit at 30 km/h than at 50 km/h”, states POLIS, the network of European cities and regions that promotes sustainable and safe transport and to which more than 100 cities and entities are members.

For this reason, they advise reducing speed in cities, as a security policy and to save lives. And this has been done in Spain, since May the cities released new speed limits, a legislative change that has covered decisions that many city councils had already made.

In the city of Irun, a pioneering city, in 2001 it opted for speed 30 in some streets and, in 2013, it was extended to the entire town. Sidewalks have been improved, bike lanes built or public transport reinforced and the result, according to its mayor, José Antonio Santano, is that now “people are the protagonists of the city”.

Alicante began to implement speed 30 in 2014. By promoting public transport and pedestrianizing various areas of the city, they have managed to give more space to pedestrians. To offer more mobility alternatives, they are going to implement an electric scooter and bicycle rental service. Another example is Logroño, which in May 2020, in the midst of a pandemic, launched the "Open Streets" strategy to protect health and achieve a fairer distribution of public space.

For Pere Navarro, General Director of Traffic, betting on 30 km/h has been “one of the great milestones in road safety. He also assures that "it is not an isolated measure" because, "we know where we are going."  "The goal is to improve the physical and mental health of citizens, create spaces for coexistence, with less noise and less smoke," he adds.

Speed ​​30 reduces urban accidents, a fact that has not evolved positively. According to data from the National Road Safety Observatory of the DGT, in 2009, accidents on urban roads caused 22% of fatalities and 37% of hospitalised injured people. Ten years later, in 2019, those percentages had increased to 30% and 50%, respectively.

Sustainability: urban distribution of goods

It already had a very prominent role before the pandemic, but this has shown that it is an essential sector and one of the main protagonists of mobility. We are talking about the urban distribution of goods.

According to data from UNO (an association that brings together distribution companies), this sector grew by around 50% during the pandemic. Francisco Aranda, executive president of UNO, stresses that the distribution of merchandise is an "intensive user of the city" because it is his "work setting". He assures that, once the current city model has been exhausted, it is necessary to move towards a different one, with road safety (fundamental, worker training), mobility and sustainability as the main bases.

Aware of the great importance and dynamism of this sector, cities are also moving. For example, Malaga opened a delivery centre (hub) in an underground car park for parcels and couriers and is now considering another similar one for bars and restaurants, in addition to night delivery with electric vehicles.

Valladolid, for its part, chose to limit the distribution of goods in the city from 7 to 11 in the morning, prevent the entry of trucks of more than 12 tons and encourage distribution by bicycle.

Accessibility: everyone safe

Cities must move towards greater protection of the most vulnerable users, without forgetting, in addition, that "an accessible city is one that allows all citizens to live, move and participate in urban life", points out María José Aparicio, deputy director General Training and Road Safety Education of the DGT.

The data shows the work that remains to be done: in 2020, 50% of the 1,370 deaths in a road accident were pedestrians or were on bicycles or motorcycles. In the case of urban roads, 80% of the people killed in a traffic accident were pedestrians, cyclists or motorcyclists. The data from the previous year, 2019, were not better: 52% of the total number of deceased were vulnerable; in the case of cities, 82%.

In reality, all of us are vulnerable at some point, so we must always protect someone: personal mobility vehicles (PMVs) to pedestrians, cyclists to PMVs, motorcycles to cyclists, cars to motorcycles, etc. For this reason, the different actors in mobility must demand more legislative arms from the cities to be able to regulate, without forgetting information, education and awareness and, of course, the surveillance and control of dangerous behaviour.

Added to this demand are various groups such as those who defend people with reduced mobility and pedestrian and cyclist organisations, who demand more space to be able to walk around the city or bike lanes and further limit the space dedicated to private vehicles.

### Large Vehicle Checks Complete

All last week officers from the Guardia Civil, supported by colleagues in local and regional police forces, carried out a surveillance and control campaign on behalf of the General Directorate of Traffic, which focussed on the safety of vehicles used for the transport of goods and people. The campaign is part of the Operation Truck&Bus developed at a European level by the RoadPol association (European Road Surveillance Network).

The officers spent the week verifying that both the conditions in which this type of vehicle circulates, regardless of the country in which they are registered, and the drivers complied with traffic and road safety regulations.

Monitoring of aspects such as speed, driving and rest hours, the tachograph, excess weight, possible technical defects of the vehicle or the safety of the transported cargo were focused on, as well as the documentation of the vehicle and the driver is correct and valid, that the seat belt is used by all the occupants of the vehicles, that they are not driving under the influence of alcohol or other drugs and that there were no devices used that cause distraction while driving.

Surveillance was be carried out on all kinds of roads and at any time of the day, especially on those roads where the intensity of traffic of this type of vehicle is greater.

Despite the fact that 68% of the vehicle fleet in Spain are passenger cars, the transport of goods has an important weight in terms of road safety, since it represents the second most numerous type of vehicle that circulates on our roads, with the 14% of the fleet, and are involved in 13% of the claims with victims that occurred in 2020 in Spain. In addition, in case of accidents, these are more severe due to their masses and dimensions.

Buses, meanwhile, represent 0.2% of the total vehicle fleet and are involved in 2% of accidents with victims.

In 2020, trucks weighing more than 3,500 kg were involved in 2,705 accidents with victims, in which 199 people died, of which 45 were truck occupants and the rest of the deceased (154) were traveling in other vehicles involved in the accident. In addition, 75% of these accidents took place on interurban roads.

Regarding buses, in 2020 there were 1,362 accidents with victims in which a vehicle of this type was involved and in which 18 people died, 2 of them bus occupants and 11 occupants of other vehicles involved in the accident. In this case, 90% of these accidents took place on urban roads.

In the last truck and bus surveillance campaign, which took place in October, officers from the Guardia Civil Traffic Group controlled a total of 12,360 vehicles, of which 2,545 truck drivers and 48 bus drivers were reported for failing to comply with any of the precepts of the regulations.

Among the most numerous infractions are, among others, those motivated by excessive driving hours, those related to the Technical Inspection, those related to mandatory documentation, either of the vehicle, or of the driver, in addition to those motivated by excess weight. or poor arrangement of the load and for not using the seat belt.

### The Work of the ATGC

Roadside assistance professionals often say that rescues are safer when the Guardia Civil is present. And those who have suffered an accident or had a breakdown during a trip surely agree. This is the commitment to road safety presumed by those who have formed or are part of the Agrupación de Tráfico de la Guardia Civil (ATGC), whether they are motorcyclists or belong to a police team.

These are the two options offered by the Group to those who choose this specialty of the Guardia Civil, once they have passed the entrance exam, passed the course at the Baeza Guards and Non-Commissioned Officers Academy and a year has passed. In addition, they must pass another training course – either as motorcyclists or for police officers – at the Mérida Traffic School (Badajoz).

Currently, the ATGC is made up of 8,656 troops, far from the more than 10,000 it had in 2009. "More vehicles, more accidents, more roads and fewer personnel," says Guardia Civil officer Garzón, a motorcyclist with the Group since 1992.

Those who are part of the ATGC like their work. "It's gratifying because it's nice to save lives," says officer Álvarez, after almost thirty years as a motorcyclist. He says that he feels good when he helps people and sees their grateful face after helping them in a difficult situation. The most veteran members of the Association still remember that the patrols used to carry a toolbox with which they repaired minor car breakdowns on the same road (at that time, there was no roadside assistance as we know it today).

Roadside assistance is the main task of the ATGC. Every year they carry out more than 200,000 operations of this type. When an accident occurs, they care for the injured (until the medical teams arrive) and order traffic to prevent further accidents. They work quickly to remove obstacles from the road as soon as possible and minimise the so-called "peeper effect" (driving slower to see what has happened on the road).

However, agent Álvarez admits that the eight hours he spends on the road each working day and the more than 200 kilometres he travels daily (if the day is not extended because something has come up at the last minute) are hard – they have three shifts in which they rotate: morning, afternoon, and night–. On the one hand, he explains, there is inclement weather (rain, cold, heat, etc., depending on the season of the year). On the other hand, the danger of the work itself because, as officer Garzón points out: “Everything moves on the road”. “When you stop a vehicle for an infraction, you never know if it is a normal freight transport or if they are criminals who have just robbed a bank and are running away”, he says. According to what they tell us, another delicate aspect of the work of the components of the ATGC is when they have to go to court to give a statement for a road accident.

These two officers have accumulated many years of service and the occasional funny anecdote. “One day we were doing a breathalyser test. It was 9 in the morning and we stopped a driver who gave 1.1 mg/l, which is a lot for that time of day. When we told him, we were surprised by his response. He told us that he was the one who had drunk the least, that his companions had ingested even more alcohol”, says officer Álvarez.

However, despite the years and experience, the two agree that the hardest part is dealing with accidents with fatalities or serious injuries. "It's very difficult to get used to it," they say.

"When they see us on the road, they stop," says officer Garzón. Stepping on the brake, dropping the mobile phone they were carrying in our hands or putting on their seat belts in a hurry. That is the instinctive reaction of many drivers when they come across a patrol, either on a motorcycle or in a car. Because many times when we see them, they think of the fine that we are going to give them if we catch them breaking any of the traffic regulations that guarantee the safety of everyone on the road. In fact, each year they make more than 1.5 million complaints (in 2016, for example, 2.1 million were reached).

In reality, imposing sanctions is only a small part of their work, although, they clarify, this task is also focused on prevention. "Even when we impose a sanction, we also help security because we pay attention to avoid bigger mistakes," says officer Falgueras.

The ATGC patrols are entrusted with many tasks, in addition to road safety (monitoring the roads and dealing with incidents): speed control with radar, surveillance with drones (teams made up of a pilot from the DGT and a camera operator from the Guardia Civil, plus the patrol that is notified to stop the offender and notify the infraction) and surveillance of heavy vehicles (trucks and buses, which are requested, for example, documentation, transport authorisation, etc. and their tachograph is checked –with rest and driving times–, wheels, belts, etc.).

Alcohol and drug controls are also common for ATGC patrols (they do not usually last more than an hour at each point because their location spreads very quickly through social networks and they lose effectiveness). In 2020, for example, more than 3.1 million alcohol tests (with more than 26,000 complaints) and almost 50,000 drug tests (about 17,000 complaints) were carried out. If in that control, any driver tests positive for alcohol and/or other drugs, the vehicle is immobilised –if another occupant cannot drive it–. In addition, in these controls other irregularities are usually detected, such as, for example, carrying the load incorrectly (without separation from the passengers, something that, in the event of sudden braking, can cause the death of any of them), poor state of tyres, an expired driver's licence, etc.

Work at the ATGC changed radically during the pandemic and lockdown. The controls on the road became "Covid controls", that is, preventing people from moving from one place to another. However, in the ATGC, they admit that, in general, "people behaved quite well, respecting the limitations on mobility that were imposed" , acknowledges officer Garzón.

### 100 Road Deaths in January

During the month of January, 87 fatal accidents have been recorded on the roads of Spain, in which 100 people have died, 27 more than in the same month of 2019. To find a similar figure, you have to go back to January 2012, when 102 people died.

This increase in the accident rate has occurred in a context of fewer trips, specifically 1% less long-haul movements than in January 2019.

According to the director of the Road Safety Observatory of the General Directorate of Traffic, Álvaro Gómez, “the increase in accidents has been concentrated on high-capacity roads and on weekends, with road exits as the most frequent scenario; We must remember the concurrent factors most associated with this type of accident: speed, distractions and alcohol consumption.”

It is worth highlighting an increase of more than half of the victims on high-capacity roads (such as motorways) compared to January 2019, a figure that has increased from 15 people who died in January 2019 to 39 in this first month of 2022.

Depending on the type of accident, the increase in road exits with 36 deaths stands out, compared to the 24 fatalities in January 2019. This increase has occurred especially on motorways and dual carriageways.

According to the means of displacement, passenger cars are the ones that have seen their accident rate increase the most, going from 35 deaths in January 2019 to 49 this year. In the case of vulnerable users, the figures remain stable with 28 people deceased.

Regarding the use of safety systems, there are 11 deceased who were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the accident. Also a deceased on a cyclist was riding without the corresponding helmet.

By autonomous communities, the behaviour of this first month of the year has been uneven. Andalusia, the Valencian Community and Castilla-La Mancha show a significant increase, compared to the figures for January 2019.

The day with the most deaths was Sunday 30 January, with 12 fatalities. There were 3 days in January when 0 deaths were recorded.

All data is compared to 2019, the reference year.

### Warning to Spectacle Wearers

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), which warns about the dangers of 'road hypnosis', has issued a warning for all those drivers who use glasses or contact lenses while driving.

According to Elena Valdés, medical advisor to the DGT, there are a number of tips to apply while driving if you have visual defects.

If you use glasses or contact lenses, the DGT, which clarifies the cases of illnesses in which you can have your licence withdrawn, recommends that they be used throughout the journey to guarantee the best possible vision at the wheel. For those drivers who need glasses 'up close', it is recommended to use progressive lenses to be able to correctly observe the information on the vehicle's dashboard.

In addition, when the sun dazzles the road, sunglasses will mitigate the sensation of glare, so it is advisable to carry them in the vehicle whenever you are driving during the day. On the other hand, if the driver has problems at night to observe the road optimally, the DGT recommends trying to avoid driving as much as possible during these hours or in bad weather.

As speed increases, the field of view naturally narrows. Given this and if you have visual problems, it is advisable to reduce it to avoid the so-called 'tunnel effect', that is, the narrowing of vision towards the central part of the road.

The DGT also poses a series of limitations when the driver has to attend the ophthalmologist's review. In the event that the doctor has to dilate the pupils during the consultation, driving is not recommended until the symptoms disappear.

Of course, if the driver takes any drug or substance that alters vision, driving should be avoided, and the doctor's instructions should be followed at all times.

It is no longer mandatory to carry a spare set of spectacles with you in the car, but this is advisable in case anything happens to your original pair.

### New Manual Aimed at Elderly Road Users

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has drawn up a new manual which it hopes will improve the safety of elderly road users, since people over 64 years of age represent 19.6 percent of the Spanish population, 16.5 percent of drivers and 26 percent of those killed in road accidents in Spain.

Under the name of "Itinerarios" it is a Spanish-language manual of activities, which is already available on the DGT website, which has been developed with the Association of Adult Education Entities.

It has contributions from educators, geriatricians, sociocultural animators, clinic assistants, doctors, psychologists, social workers, occupational therapists, drivers, and local police officers, among other professionals from different fields.

The selected contents are related to the main road role of the elderly, that of being a pedestrian, and the risks related to it, reports the DGT.

The manual focuses on how to walk down the street, avoid obstacles, stop to rest, talk safely on the mobile, share the road with traditional vehicles and especially with bikes and scooters.

It also addresses how to walk on interurban roads, go up and down curbs, steps, crossings regulated by road markings, traffic lights or traffic officers and unregulated crossings, including crossroads, find your way around, identify streets and routes and recognise signals.

### Huge Spike in ITV Absenteeism

According to data from the Spanish Association of Collaborating Entities of the Administration in the Technical Inspection of Vehicles (AECA-ITV), 2021 closed with 40% absenteeism in the technical inspection of vehicles. Or to put it another way, four out of ten vehicles that had to pass the ITV did not attend the inspection.

The figure represents a new record for absenteeism, doubling what was the highest figure until now (20%).

This situation, in the assessments of AECA-ITV, represents a high risk for road users, since many of the vehicles that travel on the streets and highways do so without verifying that they meet the minimum quality standards.

In fact, the age of the fleet and the poor condition of the vehicles are two risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of road accidents. This is confirmed by the DGT report Main figures on Road Accidents in Spain in 2020, according to which "there is a relationship between the age of the vehicle involved in the accident and the state of its technical inspection".

In the case of passenger cars, the percentage of vehicles that suffer an accident is 7% between the ages of five and nine, while it rises to 15% when they are over fifteen; and in vans and trucks up to 3,500 kg, the percentages range from 10% (between 5 and 9 years) to 25% when they exceed 15 years.

"Going to the Technical Inspection of Vehicles is an exercise in social co-responsibility, since the preventive work carried out by the ITV ensures that all vehicles circulating on public roads are in good condition and comply with both safety and security regulations. Citizens as a whole must understand the importance of carrying out the ITV of their vehicle", assures Guillermo Magaz, managing director of AECA-ITV.

In turn, the association point out that, according to a recent study by the Carlos III University of Madrid, mandatory vehicle inspections prevent 539 fatalities per year, more than 12,000 people injured of different considerations and at least 17,700 vehicle accidents.

### How to Act in a Traffic Accident Involving Children

Children, along with the elderly, cyclists, and motorcyclists, are amongst the most vulnerable road user group. According to data from the General Directorate of Traffic (DGT), in 2020 a total of 3,692 children suffered injuries in road accidents, while 201 had to be hospitalised and 17 died.

As for the latter, between 30 and 50% of deaths occur within 5 minutes of the accident occurring, and the proportion increases to 75% after the first 60 minutes, according to the Spanish Alliance for Road Safety (AESVi).

To reduce the risks in the minutes immediately following an accident, the DGT has compiled a series of measures to follow in case, unfortunately, we witness a traffic accident in which children are involved.

How should you act?

The golden rule to assist any person, whether a child or not, is to follow the PAS (Protect, Warn and Help) protocol. As the name suggests, the first thing is to protect the accident area to avoid taking additional risks, including placing warning triangles or the V-16 light signal. All this, always whilst wearing the reflective vest if you leave a vehicle. Afterwards, the norm dictates you notify the emergency services on 112 so that they will attend. Finally, help potential victims.

If the witnessed accident takes place while you are driving a vehicle, it should be parked in a safe place and, if the situation requires it, with the hazard lights activated.

When helping victims, it is essential to bear in mind that trespassing on the road entails an added risk for the person providing the aid. In fact, on motorways it is expressly forbidden to walk or travel on the road. Therefore, it is recommended to do the minimum and essential, and always with the reflective vest. In any case, there should always be a person next to the child until the medics arrive.

In these situations, and even more so when children are involved, family members are often in shock, so it is advisable to remain calm as much as possible. An altered attitude can be detrimental to the health of the minor.

It is very important not to move the victim under any circumstances. As explained by the DGT, doing so "can cause injuries that affect the spine." If there is bleeding, the wounds should be covered and pressed with the hand until the medics arrive at the scene. Also, it is advisable to lightly cover the child with a blanket so that they do not lose heat, but without overheating or making them sweat.

It is also important to remember that the child should not drink water, food, or medication, as this may cause vomiting or loss of consciousness.

After a serious accident, and if the minor was traveling in a child restraint system (CRS), it should be thrown away and replaced or checked by a specialist, since internal damage could have occurred, hidden from the naked eye.

### Traffic accidents claimed the lives of 1,004 people last year

In 2021 there were 921 fatal accidents on Spanish roads in which 1,004 people died and another 3,728 were seriously injured. These figures represent 97 fewer deaths (-9%) than in 2019 (reference year) and the second best year in the historical series, only behind 2020, the year in which 870 people died but this is a distorted statistic for the pandemic.

The Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, has indicated in the presentation of these data that "the balance of road accidents in 2021 indicates that we have maintained the positive trend of reduction in accidents that we have experienced in the last decade, but we must add that the assessment cannot be positive because 1,004 deaths on the road last year are too many ".

Grande-Marlaska has presented the provisional balance of road accidents 2021 referring to accidents that occurred on interurban roads with deaths at the time of the accident or in the following 24 hours. The minister has been accompanied by the general director of Traffic, Pere Navarro; the head of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group, General José Ignacio Criado, and the prosecutor of the Road Safety Chamber, Bartolomé Vargas.

The number of 3,728 seriously injured as a result of a road accident has also been reduced by 705 people, 16% less than that registered in 2019 (4,433).

As far as mobility is concerned, during the past year 393.7 million long-distance movements by road were registered, which is 8% less than those made in 2019 (427.1 million) and 23% more compared to 2020.

This decrease in mobility has occurred in light vehicles (-10%) and mainly on weekends (-15%). On the other hand, heavy vehicle traffic has been higher (+ 3%) than that registered in 2019.

The fleet of vehicles has increased by 2% compared to 2019, reaching 33.2 million vehicles and the census of drivers remains the same as in 2019, with 27.3 million drivers.

By periods of the year, the decreases in mortality (-9%) and mobility (-8%) have not had a homogeneous behaviour throughout the year.

The year began with significant decreases in both mobility and accidents, due to the fact that until 8 May there was a state of alarm, a period in which mobility restrictions were established. From that moment on, there has been a recovery in displacements, so that in summer there was practically the same mobility and it is from September that increases are observed, even exceeding the displacements registered in the same period of 2019.

Regarding the accident rate, May and June, the months immediately after the state of alarm came out, were negative: mobility had not yet recovered, but fatal accidents had.

In June 2021, 116 deaths were registered, 38 more than in 2019, thus becoming the month with the most deaths of all last year. The summer ended with levels of mobility very similar to 2019 and a reduction in deaths of 12%. The third four-month period, with greater mobility, the deceased decreased by 10%.

By type of road. Compared to 2019, deaths on conventional roads decreased more with -9% than on motorways with -8%.

Specifically, 723 people died in traffic accidents that took place on conventional roads (72%) and 281 on motorways (28%), so that the ratio of every 4 deaths remains stable, 3 are on conventional roads and 1 on the motorways.

By type of accident. Compared to 2019, deaths in frontal collisions decreased by 22% and deaths in road exits by 7%, even so, these continue to be the most frequent type of accident with 39% of deaths.

By type of user. 38% of the deceased were vulnerable users, that is, pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists and users of personal mobility vehicles. Specifically, there have been 383 deaths, 61 less than the 444 in 2019.

Regarding the number of pedestrians who died (110), 59 were on the motorway and 51 on conventional roads. Among those killed on high-occupancy roads, 19 were drivers or occupants who had gotten out of the vehicle and 23 were pedestrians walking or crossing.

There is 1 deceased in a personal mobility vehicle, despite the fact that they are prohibited from driving on interurban roads.

By age. The greatest decrease by age group occurs in the group over 65 years with -25%.

The accident rate of young people between 15 and 24 years of age increases, from 112 deaths in 2019 to 138 in 2021.

By day of the week. The greater recovery in mobility on weekdays is reflected in the accident data, which despite the decline in deaths, is greater on weekends (-17%) than on weekdays (-1%).

Safety accessories. 140 people traveling in cars and vans (26%) were not wearing seat belts at the time of the accident. Eight cyclists and 10 motorists did not use helmets either.

By autonomous communities. Deaths decrease in all autonomous communities, except in Castilla La Mancha (+17), Illes Balears (+10); Andalusia (+12); Cantabria (+4) and Comunidad Foral de Navarra (+3). Catalonia (-40) and Community of Madrid (-25) are the ones with the greatest reductions.

The figures are provisional and refer only to fatal accidents that occurred on interurban roads and victims registered up to 24 hours after the accident occurred. The definitive figures already consolidated, which will include the victims within 30 days of accidents that have occurred on urban and interurban roads, will allow a complete X-ray of road accidents in Spain.

### Carrying Goods Between the UK and Europe

From 2 February, the EU is introducing new rules that mean if you operate loaded goods journeys in and between European Member States (cabotage or cross-trade), you may need to register information digitally about your journeys on a new EU web based portal.

This will include details of the operator, driver, driver employment details, dates of travel, and the vehicle used before the journey commences.

This will apply to you if you use:

 	vans of any size or other light goods vehicles (sometimes called ‘light commercial vehicles’)
 	vans towing trailers
 	cars towing trailers
 	HGVs
 	HGVs towing trailers

This will also apply to you if you transport goods between 2 points in the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway for commercial purposes. This includes:

 	cabotage jobs
 	cross-trade jobs
 	moving goods for your own business’ use

Although the portal is not yet available, the EU has said that it will be available ahead of 2 February. To use the service you will need to register, then you will be able to add details of your drivers to reuse when adding journeys.

You can prepare now by getting your information ready ahead of the portal opening for registrations.

You’ll need information about your:

 	company
 	transport manager
 	drivers

Company information

To create your account, you’ll need your company’s:

 	name
 	address
 	country of registration
 	email address
 	VAT number
 	registration number
 	UK Licence for the Community number

Transport manager information

To create your account, you’ll need your transport manager’s:

 	name
 	office address
 	email address
 	telephone number
 	CPC certificate number
 	Driver information

To create your account, you’ll need this information for each of your drivers who drive in Europe:

 	full name
 	date of birth
 	email address
 	home address
 	driving licence number
 	driver card number
 	internal reference number (for example, their employee number)
 	ID document (for example, a passport) - you’ll need the document number, the issue date, the expiry date, and which country issued it
 	start date of the drivers’ employment contract with you
 	applicable law (what country’s law they’re employed under)

You’ll be able to upload your drivers’ details in a bulk file. Check back for more information about what format this needs to be in.

When you’ve created your account, you’ll then be able to register your journeys (make a posting declaration).

Register your journeys

Registering a journey is also known as making a ‘posting declaration’.

Each time you register a journey, you’ll assign a driver that you’ve already registered on the EU portal.

You’ll also need:

 	the start and end dates of the journey (posting)
 	the type of operation (cabotage or international carriage)
 	the type of transport (goods or passenger)
 	the vehicle registration (number plates) of the vehicle and trailer
 	contact details for your transport manager or another contact person in the UK (so European countries can ask for further documents)

You will get penalties if you do not register the journey.

Documents your driver will need to carry

From 2 February 2022, your driver must carry a digital or physical copy of the information you register for the journey.

The rules are not changing for the other documents your drivers will need. They will still need to carry all of the usual:

 	vehicle and trailer documents
 	driver documents - including tachograph records
 	export documents - including an electronic consignment note (e-CMR) or a paper CMR

Your drivers will get penalties from the enforcement authorities in the European countries they’re stopped in if they do not have the right documents.

Documents European countries can ask you for

From 2 February 2022, enforcement authorities in EU countries, Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway, will be able to ask you (as the operator) for:

 	copies of the documents that drivers have to carry
 	documents about the driver’s pay during the journey, their employment contract and timesheets for their work

You must upload the information you’re asked for using the online service. You must do it within 8 weeks of being asked for it.

The Traffic Commissioners for Great Britain or the Transport Regulation Unit in Northern Ireland will be able to take action against you if you do not upload the information.

### More than 8.3 million drivers already have their driving licence on their mobile

The General Directorate of Traffic, in its work to improve the service it provides to citizens every day, continues to expand the procedures related to driving licences or vehicles that can be presented or carried out electronically, without the need to make an appointment or go in person to the Provincial and local Traffic headquarters.
Main novelties in the miDGT APP
The miDGT application, which allows, among many other things, the driver or owner of a vehicle to carry both the driving licence and the rest of the vehicle documentation with full legal validity throughout the national territory on their mobile, has already been of 8.3 million downloads since its launch in March 2020.

During this time, 20 million accesses to the digital driving and circulation licences have been requested, around 2 million updates of the contact and address data have been made, more than 6 million queries of the points balance and points have been acquired. In addition, through the application, users have generated more than 130,000 vehicle reports, have requested more than 10,000 duplicate documents, and have been able to carry out more than 500,000 environmental badge queries, among other things.

Throughout this year, new functionalities have been implemented in the miDGT app, such as the possibility of requesting duplicates of the vehicle's physical documentation, managing a prior appointment for any procedure that requires to be carried out in person or consulting the note of the driving test.

In addition, the application also allows you to write down a temporary leave or geolocate the nearest centres of interest such as ITVs, driver recognition centres, driving schools or authorised vehicle treatment centres.
Telematic services
But, with the aim of continuing to improve citizen communication with the Administration to make it more comfortable, fast and with the same guarantees as if it were in person, citizens not only have this application to interact with the Traffic department.

At the Electronic Headquarters you can find and carry out all the procedures related to the driver's licence or your vehicle: request a duplicate licence, a temporary leave, pay a fine or consult important information related to the DGT. The office is accessible in all the official languages ​​of the State (Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Galician) and also in German, English and French.

Information on all procedures can also be obtained through telephone 060, for citizen service, and directly make changes of address, payment of fines, driver IDs, duplicate documents or manage representation accreditation.

 

### 4 out of 10 school transport vehicles sanctioned

The General Directorate of Traffic, which ensures that the transport of minors is carried out safely, carried out between 13 and 17 this month of December a special campaign to monitor vehicles dedicated to school transport and minors in order to check that they comply with the regulations established for this type of transport.

In the five days of the campaign, a total of 2,563 vehicles were checked by the agents of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group, of which 998 were reported, representing an increase of 1.5% compared to the same campaign. held in the month of January of this year.

The positive counterpoint to this increase in reported drivers can be found in the fact that only one of the school transport drivers controlled during the campaign violated the established speed limits and none tested positive in the preventive alcohol controls carried out by the agents, although 3 of them did so for other drugs.

Regarding the use of seat belts in those vehicles that have them incorporated, in the inspections carried out by the agents it was found that only 5 of the vehicles that had these restraint systems presented anomalies in their operation.

HIGHEST INFRACTIONS

As has become customary in this type of campaign, administrative irregularities are the ones that have generated the greatest number of complaints, including 710 for not having the special authorisation to carry out school transport and 237 for not having taken out unlimited liability insurance, as required by law.

The agents of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group have also verified that 83 school transport vehicles had deficiencies in the service and emergency doors, as well as in their activation devices and another 8 were denounced for not having the Technical Inspection in order.

In addition, 23 drivers were denounced for excess driving time or reduced rest time and another 19 for not taking a person in charge of caring for the minors on board the coach, when appropriate.

Finally, with regard to the mandatory signalling that this type of vehicle must carry, 45 controlled vehicles did not carry the corresponding V-10 signal for school transport and another 15 lacked the luminous device with an emergency signal.

### DGT Reinforces Telematic Management of Services

The General Directorate of Traffic is reinforcing telematic services, so that there will be less of a need to attend their offices to carry out traffic-based functions, so that most of the procedures related to driving licences or vehicles can be done remotely.



The objective is to “continue improving citizen communication with the Administration” to make it more convenient, faster and with the same guarantees as if it were in person.

In the Electronic Office, you can find and carry out everything related to the holder's driving licence or vehicle: request a duplicate of the licence, a temporary withdrawal, the payment of a fine or consult important information related to the DGT. It is accessible in all the official languages ​​of the State (Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Galician) and also in German, French and English.

In addition, throughout the last semester of the year, new functionalities have been implemented in the miDGT app, such as the possibility of registering a regular driver of a vehicle; identifying the driver in the event of a complaint; consult the grade of an exam or request a prior appointment among others.

Looking ahead to 2022, work is being done to request a duplicate of the vehicle's physical documentation from the app, write down a temporary cancellation or geolocate the closest centres of interest such as ITVs, driver recognition centres, driving schools or authorised centres of vehicle treatment.

The miDGT application allows the driver or owner of a vehicle to carry both the driving licence and the rest of the vehicle documentation with full legal validity throughout the national territory. Since its launch in March 2020, the app has had almost 5 million downloads. During this time, 10 million accesses to digital driving and circulation permits have been requested, 500,000 updates have been made to contact and address information, 65,000 rates have been acquired through the app or more than 50,000 vehicle reports have been generated, among other functionalities.

In addition, through the Electronic Headquarters, the DGT has also created a series of specific tools so that companies and other administrations can communicate and develop their work electronically.

These are some: AUES (Computer system for driving schools to process their students' exams online), SIPP (Information System of Permit for Points for municipalities and entities with competence to sanction in traffic matters) or the computer system for Centres of Recognition of Drivers.

### The Most Expensive Fines in the New Traffic Laws

Law 18/2021, of December 20, which modifies the revised text of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety in terms of driving licences and points has been published in the BOE on 21 December 2021.



Therefore, it will enter into force within a period of 3 months, which means the new changes to the law will be in force from 21 March 2022.

In this article, we are going to look at some of the new fines which accompany the legislation, particularly the most expensive.

Carrying a radar detector in the car: 500 euro

With the Traffic Law 2022, whereas the use of these devices was already illegal, the law only stipulates that they had to be in use in order to fall foul. With the latest change, the mere fact of carrying a radar detector inside the vehicle will result in a fine of 500 euro and the loss of 3 points.

In this case, the change affects the economic amount since the previous law established a penalty of 200 euro and the withdrawal of three points from the driving licence.

Cheating in exams: 500 euro

Cheating in the theoretical exam has always been forbidden, but with the new Traffic Law it introduces as an infraction with a 500 euro penalty, "using intercommunication devices not authorised by regulation in the tests."

The same legal text applies to the recovery tests for driving licences or points, or other administrative authorisations to drive. It is also sanctioned to collaborate or attend the tests with the use of said devices.

In addition, the applicant will not be able to present themselves again to the tests to obtain the permit within a period of 6 months.

Access to Low Emission Zones: 200 euro

Another novelty of the Traffic Law 2022 is that, for the first time, the fine is regulated at the national level for those who access the Low Emission Zones (ZBE) without being authorised.

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) has created a new sign which we have looked at previously that identifies these restricted traffic areas based on polluting emissions and has set the fine at 200 euro for those who access the interior and do not comply with the rules.

Holding the mobile phone with your hand or not using the seat belt: 200 euro

The fight against the use of mobile phones at the wheel is getting tougher, not only because the withdrawal of points goes from the current three to the six that will be applied once the new Traffic Law comes into force; but because an important nuance is introduced and that is that it will be enough for the driver to be discovered holding the mobile to be proposed for sanction.

The financial penalty for manipulating mobile devices with the vehicle in motion remains as it was: 200 euro.

For the non-use of safety elements such as the seat belt, the helmet, or the Child Restraint Systems (CRS), the loss of points increases and the fine of 200 euro is maintained.

Not respecting the safety distance when overtaking a cyclist: 200 euro

To increase the safety of cyclists, with the new Traffic Law it will be mandatory, on roads with more than one lane in each direction, to change lanes when overtaking cyclists or mopeds.

In addition, the points to be deducted are increased from 4 to 6 when overtaking endangering or hindering cyclists without leaving the mandatory minimum separation of 1.5 metres, maintaining the amount of the fine at 200 euro.

Stopping or parking on bike lanes or cycle paths is also prohibited.

### Quirónsalud specialists recommend extreme precaution and safety measures at Christmas family gatherings

Specialists recommend avoiding meetings if any of the guests has symptoms, not bringing more than two groups together and prioritizing outdoor meetings, among other measures



The specialists of Quirónsalud Murcia and Torrevieja recommend taking extreme precautions especially if you are going to be in contact with people at risk such as elderly people, heart patients, respiratory patients or those with neurodegenerative issues, cancer or immune issues to ensure that they are not placed at risk. Experts also advise that we avoid going to Christmas gatherings if we have symptoms of a respiratory infection.
When asked about PCR tests carried out on the day of the gathering or the day before, the specialists warned that, although it can greatly reduce the risk of contagion, it is not an absolute guarantee.
Among the most important preventive measures, the specialist in internal medicine at the Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, Dr. Francisco Mora, recommends “avoiding meetings if any of the guests have symptoms, more than two cohabiting groups should not gather, opt for outdoor meetings where possible, keep a safety distance at the table, clean and ventilate common areas, have hydroalcoholic gel in key places in the house, wash hands frequently, remove the mask only when eating or drinking, and avoid sharing food with other diners ”.
In line with lunch and dinner presentations, Dr. María José Carpes, specialist at the Quirónsalud Murcia Hospital, advises “always avoid sharing dishes, present everything individually and avoid picking up food with your hands. Avoid appetizers that are put on shared plates and taken with the hands such as chips, nuts, olives, canapés, etc. ”
Regarding the number of recommended diners, the specialists ask that we all adhere to those allowed by the health authorities and avoid having more than two family groups to reduce contagion.

Family gatherings and children, how to avoid contagion?
Children tend to have less serious infections than adults and are mostly asymptomatic, although as Dr. Carpes from the Quirónsalud Murcia Hospital points out, “the fact that they do not present symptoms means that they cannot present a high viral load, although this is not synonymous with high infectivity. The infectivity will be determined by other factors such as the strength and frequency of the cough, which is usually less intense in children, as well as the proximity of the contacts or the ventilation of the environment ”.
“The measures” indicates Dr. Mora from the Quirónsalud Hospital in Torrevieja, “would be similar to the recommendations for the general population. Among them is the recommended use of a mask in children over 3 years of age, being mandatory from 6 years.”

PCR or antigen, what is the most recommended?
The antigen test is characterized by being faster, but also by offering less sensitivity. “In theory,” explains Dr. Mora, “it is a good option to detect cases during the first week of symptoms, because it only tests positive when there is a high viral load. The problem is that if the infection is incipient, it is possible that hours later the viral load increases and that individual who has tested negative may be contagious. Therefore, it is not reliable enough in asymptomatic people. In this sense, PCR is a more sensitive test and offers more reliable results, so it would be the most convenient test. ”

### Christmas Operation Begins Thursday

On Thursday, 23 December, the special operation by the General Directorate of Traffic begins, with special monitoring devices in place for the Christmas holidays, and that contemplates a series of measures for the regulation, management and surveillance of traffic at the national level until 9 January 2022.

This operation, for which a total of 19,530,000 trips are planned, will be carried out in three phases that coincide with the holidays with the highest traffic:

 	First phase Christmas: from Friday 24 to Sunday 26 December 2021.
 	Second New Year's Eve phase: from Friday 31 December to Sunday 2 January, 2022.
 	Third phase Reyes: from Wednesday 5 to Sunday 9 January 2022.

This device has, as in any other special operation, with the total availability of the means available to the General Traffic Directorate and that includes both human resources (agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, official personnel of the Traffic Management Centres, helicopter patrols and personnel in charge of maintaining equipment and installing road measures), such as technicians (780 fixed radars (92 of them section) and 545 speed control mobiles, in addition to the 12 helicopters, 39 drones, 216 cameras and 15 camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts).

The DGT reminds that it is important to avoid the most unfavourable hours and to plan the trip by the safest route to avoid unforeseen events and find out about the state of the roads through the twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes , the news bulletins on radio and television, as well as on the telephone number 011.

The established device can be consulted in the "Special Operations" section at www.dgt.es/conoce-el-estado-del-trafico/recomendaciones-de-trafico/

### More than 450 drivers are detected every day at the wheel having consumed alcohol and other drugs

During a single week, 148,422 drivers have been required by traffic officers of the Guardia Civil to carry out the alcohol and other drug control test, on the occasion of the awareness campaign and surveillance of the consumption of these substances at the wheel that the General Directorate of Traffic carried out between December 6 and 12.

Regarding the alcohol detection tests, during the seven days 148,299 tests were carried out and 1,731 drivers were positive. Of these, 1,467 were detected in preventive controls, 91 after having committed an offence, another 155 for being involved in an accident and 18 more for presenting obvious symptoms of ingestion of this substance.

Of the 1,731 drivers who tested positive, 224 have received procedures for their subsequent transfer to the judicial authority for exceeding the rate of 0.60 mg / l in exhaled air. In addition, 11 other drivers have been prosecuted and brought to justice for refusing to take breathalyser tests.

Regarding other drugs, of the 4,977 drug detection tests that were carried out on drivers, 1,444 were positive in the circumstantial tests, of which 1,262 were detected in preventive controls, 103 after having committed an offence and 79 for being involved in a accident.

Of the 1,444 drivers who tested positive for drugs, 11 of them were instructed to proceed to subsequent transfer to the judicial authority, 6 for driving under the influence of toxic drugs, narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances and 5 for refusing to carry out said tests.

As usual, among the most commonly used drugs are cannabis (1,077 cases), followed by cocaine (469 cases) and amphetamines (202 cases).

 

DO NOT LOWER THE GUARD AT CHRISTMAS

Although the campaign has ended, the Guardia Civil agents continue to carry out preventive alcohol and drug controls on drivers at any time of the day and on any road with the aim of dissuading them from driving. These substance verification points have proven to be essential to detect drivers who are a danger to other road users.

Shortly we begin a period of the year in which family and friends celebrations invite greater consumption of these substances that are incompatible with driving. Hence, Traffic appeals to the responsibility of all citizens in three ways:

 	Do not drive if you have ingested these substances.
 	Preventing the person who has consumed alcohol and other drugs from getting behind the wheel.
 	Do not get into the vehicle with someone who has drunk or used these substances.

Relativizing the effects that all drugs have on driving can only lead, in the best of cases, to a hospital, but also to the cemetery and jail.

COLLABORATION OF REGIONAL AND LOCAL POLICE

As is customary in the campaigns carried out by the DGT, the collaboration of local and regional police has been very important, since alcohol and other drug controls have been carried out both on interurban and urban roads. The data of these police officers are still being processed and will have to be added to those presented in this note.

### New campaign to control school buses

A new special surveillance campaign of the General Directorate of Traffic begins today and will last until next Friday, December 17 and that, this time, will focus on controlling the safety of school transport vehicles.



Every day, more than 600,000 schoolchildren use this type of transport to get to their educational centres and, although the accident rates are minimal, showing that it is a safe sector, it is necessary to continue guaranteeing that safety.

Therefore, both the agents of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group, as well as the local police of those municipalities that decide to join the campaign, will intensify the inspections on these vehicles, verifying that the authorisations and documents they must have are the correct ones for the provision of the service.

In addition, the agents will verify that the technical conditions and the safety elements of the vehicle are those required by the regulations, as well as the special requirements that the driver must meet.

School transport is subject to a series of regulations on whose compliance in many cases the safety of its small passengers depends, so it is everyone's responsibility to demand that these are complied with, either through campaigns like this, by schools or of the parents' associations that are in charge of hiring the routes.

Among other things, since October 20, 2007, registered buses must have restraint systems installed as the seat belt is useful on any journey, be it short or long, urban or interurban.
Main aspects to control
Inadequate speed and distractions are the main causes of accidents in which this type of vehicle is involved, so it will be especially controlled that they are driving at the permitted speed and that they do not use a mobile phone or other devices that involve distraction. Alcohol and other drug tests will also be carried out among drivers.

In addition, due to the aforementioned importance of the seat belt in the event of an accident, special attention will be paid to the use of these in those school buses that have them installed.
Educating on the school bus
The data tell us that 90% of accidents that occur during school transport take place, either when getting in or out of the vehicle, or in the immediate moments and, in many cases, they are accidents caused by distraction, whether of the minor, the school bus driver or the parents. To avoid this type of accident, parents are recommended to respect the stops, go with enough time and not wait for the children on the other side of the road.

In addition, the General Directorate of Traffic makes other recommendations to go safely to school:

Around the bus:

 	Never stand behind the bus because you are not seen.
 	Wait for the driver's signal and always cross at least three metres ahead.
 	Inside the bus, stay seated and buckle up.
 	Do not run when arriving or leaving.
 	Obey the driver and monitor

If you walk:

 	Look both ways before crossing and always do it through traffic lights or crosswalks.
 	Walk on the inside of the sidewalk, away from the curb.
 	Do not cross streets or squares diagonally or zigzag.
 	Be careful with cars entering and leaving garages.
 	On the road, go left; and at night, wear reflective clothing.

Safe school paths
On the other hand, creating safe school paths that facilitate walking, cycling or public transport to school is one of the objectives of the Spanish Road Safety Strategy 2011-2020 . This is also the purpose of the General Directorate of Traffic who, through the " Safe School Road " project , makes available to parents, students, schools and town halls, not only educational resources, but also initiatives to be able to make the outward journeys and back to school on foot, by bike or by public transport.



A "Safe School Path" must meet the following characteristics:

 	Wide sidewalks, with traffic lights that last long enough for children to have time to pass.
 	Traffic light without amber light.
 	A stop where parents leave their children and from there, with an adult, walk to school.
 	Merchants who help those who go to school alone.
 	Ban on parking at the entrance and exit of the school, thus avoiding crowds.
 	Maximum speed of 30 km / h indicated by signs.
 	Bicycle parking.
 	Police to regulate the entrance to the school.

### Changes to Traffic Laws in 2022

After working its way between the Congress of Deputies and the Senate, the latest changes to traffic law have finally been approved. The last stage will be publication in the Official State Gazette, which will give notice that these changes will come into force three months after the publication date, therefore likely to be in March 2022, with the new regulations and sanctions, according to the General Directorate of Traffic, seeking to reduce the accident rate on the road and strengthen road safety.



Mobile phone: a change to the law makes simply holding a mobile phone an offence, even if you are not using it or using, penalised with the increased loss of six points instead of three. The financial penalty remains at 200 euro.

Safety systems: travelling without wearing a seat belt, helmet or child restraint system will entail a four-point penalty.

Radar detector: its mere presence inside the vehicle will be subject to a fine and will result in the loss of three points.

Throwing objects on the road: throwing any object that could cause fires or accidents will result in the loss of six points.

Overtaking on conventional roads: the 20 kilometre per hour margin that allowed cars and motorcycles to exceed the speed limit of the road to overtake other vehicles disappears.

Overtaking cyclists: carrying out this manoeuvre putting them in danger, hindering them or without leaving the minimum distance of 1.5 metres will lead to the loss of 6 points, increased from 4.

Personal mobility vehicles: users of these means of transport will have to be equipped with a helmet and will not be able to drive on the pavement or on other pedestrian areas. Minors who use them, in addition, will have to respect the zero-alcohol rate.

Breathalyser for passenger transport: as of July 6, 2022, all vehicles for passenger transport must be equipped with an anti-start breathalyser.

Recovery of points: from now on, the time that must pass without committing infractions to recover the initial balance of 12 points will be two years (if all the points have not been lost). To this it must be added that two points can be added with the safe driving courses certified by the DGT.

Pollution: a new serious offence is introduced, with a 200-euro fine, for not respecting the movement restrictions derived from the application of the protocols in the event of pollution episodes and low emission areas. For the first time Spanish legislation refers to the automated vehicle, in several articles of the Traffic Law.

The whole of the bill, which modifies the Traffic Law of 2015, aims to increase the penalties for those behaviours that generate greater risk for driving, such as the use of a mobile phone behind the wheel or the misuse of vehicles. elements of security and protection of the vehicle.

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 22

Welcome to the latest edition of the N332 RoadWatch emagazine.

Autumn is upon us and we are already heading for winter.

In this edition we pay close attention to our cars with top tips for being prepared for any season.

We also look at some of the functions you can perform online through the DGT portal, as well as more information on their mobile phone app.

Driving through tunnels and proper lane use are also featured, as well as how to keep our pets safe on a journey.

Plus, our friends at Quironsalud tell us all about diabetes with their top tips in this issue.

There’s lots to keep you occupied in this edition, and as always we hope you stay safe on the roads. Until next time, thank you for your support.

 

### 5 ways to spot diabetes early

Early detection is key for managing diabetes and preventing complications caused by the disease. Experts at Quirónsalud advise that anyone with symptoms or risk factors should be screened.



Dr. Jorge Cid, endocrinologist Quirónsalud Hospital in Torrevieja and Alicante said, “one of the main drawbacks of this disease is that the initial symptoms are hardly noticeable, specifically in the case of type 2 diabetes, so when they occur they are ignored or attributed to other health problems”.

 

Dr. Cid stressed how important it is to carry out routine medical checks to detect the disease, since undiagnosed diabetes can cause various health problems (kidney disease, visión disorders, heart problems and more).

Diabetes may due to the lack of insulin secretion by the pancreas and /or the decrease in its effect, according to Dr. Cid and, given that this hormone has the job of transforming carbohydrates in food into energy, its defect causes an increase in blood sugar.

 

Symptoms of diabetes

 

The specialist advises that there are five main symptoms to look for out:

 	Increased urge to urinate and feeling thirsty.
 	Weight loss. This symptom is more typical of type I diabetes and is usually accompanied by a continuous feeling of hunger.
 	Blurred vision. Excess glucose in the blood induces an increase in the loss of fluids from the body, including those that maintain the humidity of the lens of the eye, thus producing a sensation of dry eye.
 	Due to insulin deficiency cells cannot absorb glucose and are left without an adequate source of energy to carry out their normal functions.
 	Frequent infections. Diabetes reduces the body’s ability to eliminate pathogens.

Rule out diabetes through a simple blood test

 

The Quirónsalud Torrevieja y Alicante expert explained that a simple blood test performed in the laboratory measuring the fasting glucose level, is sufficient for a diagnosis and with this the existence of diabetes in the patient can be either confirmed or ruled out.

 

“In the event that the diseases exists, the team of professionals work to find the most appropriate treatment to control it, in order to improve the health of the patient and avoid complications”, said Dr. Cid.

 

He added that, “a patient diagnosed with diabetes must lead a healthy life - diet and exercise being the first steps in the treatment of type 2 diabetes”.

Ultimately, the Dr. Cid was keen to stress that diabetes is a very common disease. According to the di@abetes.es study, 13,8% of Spaniards have type 2 diabetes mellitus, which represent around 5.3 million people. “Of them, almost 47% of total were initially unaware that they were suffering from the disease”, warned the doctor.

### Carrying Gas Canisters

As the winter months approach, it´s a good idea to remind ourselves about the rules surrounding carrying gas canisters, as many people in Spain still rely on bottled gas to heat their homes, and many more rely on bottled gas for cooking.

Although the gas supply companies will deliver the bottles to your home, many people find it more convenient to pick up their own supply at many of the outlets across the country, exchanging the empty bottles for full ones, but in order to do this, we have to think about the safety and security implications of carrying a potentially lethal canister.

Depending on their size and weight, the canisters can be very heavy as they are filled with pressurised gas. At home, care should be taken as to where they are stored, in well ventilated places, away from heat and ignition sources, far away from toxic materials and always in an upright position.

In the car, it is equally crucial to take the necessary steps to ensure your safety and the safety of other road users.
Spanish law states that you may carry 2 gas bottles in the car, and they must be carried in an upright, vertical position. You must also take necessary measure to ensure that the canisters are secured in the vehicle and cannot move during the journey.

The law also states that when you are carrying gas canisters, it is forbidden to park the vehicle in an underground car park.

You should also check with your local supply company for their recommendations for storage and carriage, as gas canisters can pose a major threat if not handled correctly, but are perfectly safe if the advice is followed.

### Euro NCAP to include system to detect minors

Starting in 2023, if a new car wishes to obtain 5 stars from Euro NCAP, it must include the Child Presence Detection System (CPD) as standard. This is stated in the new protocol developed by Euro NCAP (European New Car Assessment Program), the European program that assesses the safety of new cars, supported, among others, by governments, manufacturers, and automobile clubs.



The CPD is a device that detects the presence of a child in their child seat or in another seat and sends an alert to the mobile phone of an adult responsible when the driver leaves the car. Starting in 2023, Euro NCAP will recognise the device especially focused on children under 3 years of age (those who show a greater risk). By 2025, the protocol will be revised again to include those over 3 years old who are also locked in the car.

CPD requirements

The new Euro NCAP protocol wants to prevent minors from being locked in a car, either intentionally or unintentionally. For this, the CPD device must meet a series of requirements:

Detect the presence of a child and send different alerts to be able to intervene in an emergency.

Take into account all the probable positions of the minor within the passenger compartment of the vehicle: all rows of seats, optional and removable seats. Starting in 2025, the presence of a child in the driver's seat and other areas such as the boot or behind the back of the rear seats will also be analysed.

Make it standard equipment.

Deactivating the system will be allowed, but it will reactivate automatically when starting the next journey.

The alternatives of the system to intervene in an emergency will also be evaluated: calling through the eCall system (mandatory in new cars since 2018), unlocking the doors so that you can get out or reducing the interior temperature.

A breakthrough

For AESVi (Spanish Alliance for Child Road Safety), Euro NCAP's decision is very positive. In this sense, Joan Forrellad, general secretary of AESVi and director of Research, Development and Design of Jané Group), has underlined how important it is to never leave a child unattended in a vehicle: "Even if it is a few minutes, such a situation can be fatal due to the minor's inability to get out of the vehicle by themselves and a lower tolerance to high temperatures."

How to act when we have an accident with children

During European Mobility Week, the Spanish Alliance for Child Road Safety (AESVi) recalls how we should act in the event of a traffic accident with minors. First, they underline how important it is to shorten rescue times and receive good care during the accident.

Juan Manuel Cervantes, member of AESVi and founder of the Traffic and Emergency Rescue Association (ARTE), assures that "the quality of accident management by the parents will produce short and long-term benefits for the child. By instinct If there are no serious injuries, the parents get out of the car and take the child in their arms without thinking that he has suffered the same accident as them and that we may be harming them."

Never move the child

From AESVi, they remember that the child cannot be moved until the medical teams arrive and assess their condition. In addition, they recommend the use of paediatric systems for immobilisation and extraction in traffic accidents. In addition, they have put together a list of tips:

Follow the PAS protocol (Protect, Warn, Help).

If possible, park the vehicle in a safe place, activate the hazard lights and wait for help to arrive.

Keep calm.

Do not move the child to avoid causing new injuries that affect the spine.

If there is bleeding, pack the wound and press with the hand until rescue arrives.

Lightly cover the child, even if it is summer, to avoid losing heat (always without overheating the skin or making the child sweat).

Do not give food or drink or medication.

Remain by the child's side at all times until emergency services arrive.

After a major accident, replace the child seat (SRI) or have it checked by a specialist.

17 minors killed on the road in 2020

Last year, 17 minors lost their lives in a road accident. In addition, 201 were injured and required hospitalisation, although these data are not yet definitive. Of these, 64 were occupants of passenger cars and vans and 52 of them were under 12 years of age.

Of those 52 children under 12 years of age, 8 did not wear a seat belt or CRS in the cars and vans in which they travelled.

### New sign to protect the vulnerable

The General Directorate of Traffic has published an instruction defining the new warning sign for the danger of blind spots in passenger and freight transport vehicles.



Its objective is to warn vulnerable users of the danger posed by being in any of these non-visible areas when they approach, in order to avoid risks.

This sign is a first measure framed in a set of actions that are being adopted in the European Union to reduce the risk of accidents by improving the visibility of the driver in delivery vans, buses and trucks. The ultimate goal is to get a direct view of these drivers, but until advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) are incorporated into all vehicles, the option of signalling on the vehicle itself, alerting to the existence of blind spots can be useful to prevent accidents.

The sign, whose placement is voluntary, affects passenger transport vehicles with more than 9 seats, including the driver, (vehicles of categories M2 and M3 according to the General Vehicle Regulations), and goods transport vehicles of categories N1, N2 and N3 and to waste transport vehicles in urban areas.

The signs must comply with the design and technical requirements defined in the instruction, to ensure maximum durability and visibility. They must be marketed through authorised establishments that are registered as licence plate handlers.

They shall be positioned so that they are visible in all circumstances and in such a way that they cannot obstruct the visibility of the vehicle's regulatory plates and inscriptions, the visibility of the various lights and signalling devices and the driver's field of vision. The instruction details the number of signs to place and the position depending on the vehicle.



Major reasons

The reasons that have led the General Directorate of Traffic to create this new sign have been the following:

In 2020, 153 pedestrians, 134 motorcyclists, 21 bicycle users and 7 personal mobility vehicle users died on urban roads, of which a high percentage of accidents with fatalities and serious injuries occurred among vulnerable users and commercial and heavy vehicles.

Change in urban mobility and therefore in road safety:

Increased mobility for pedestrians, cyclists, motorcycles and new forms of mobility such as VMP in cities.

Increase in the traffic of commercial and heavy vehicles due to the growth of logistics activity, electronic commerce deliveries, which in some cities reaches 25% of the circulating vehicles.

The aging of the population. 70% of the pedestrians who died in the city were over 65 years old.

It is in line with similar initiatives in the process of being implemented in other European countries such as France, the London Metropolitan Area, and various states of Germany.

It is a first measure of a set of actions under study that are being analysed both at the European level, in Spain and in local administrations, to reduce the risk of accidents by improving the space and the quality of the driver's vision in commercial vehicles.

Collaboration between administrations and the private sector

The creation of this sign has been the result of work between administrations, since from the first moment, there were several municipalities such as Barcelona, ​​Madrid, Zaragoza and Logroño and the Metropolitan Area of ​​Barcelona (AMB), -supramunicipal administration of the metropolis of Barcelona, ​​which is made up of 36 municipalities - that have worked together with the DGT to design the sign.

The involvement of these municipalities in reducing the accident rate in their cities has led them to commit to placing the vulnerable protection sign, when it is marketed, in their fleet of public service vehicles. To begin with, the Barcelona City Council will implement it in approximately 2,199 vehicles, AMB in another 800; the Madrid City Council in 2,600 vehicles, the Zaragoza City Council in more than 600 and the Logroño City Council in another 79 public service vehicles.

In parallel, it has also been working with UNO (Logistics and Transport Business Organization) CITET (Innovation Centre for Logistics and Freight Transport) and AECOC (Association of Manufacturers and Distributors) for the implementation of this sign and for other actions to be carried out shortly in relation to the urban distribution of goods.

### Most Important Check-Ups for Women according to Age

The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends undergoing at least one full check-up every four years before the age of 40. In the case of women, it is also necessary to consider that your body goes through significant changes as you age, so we advise applying preventive measures that could be essential for your health.



Stages of Women’s Health

 

During each stage, different factors need to be considered. Firstly, during their adolescence and twenties, “for women in this age group, it is important to prevent sexually transmitted diseases (STIs), as well as unwanted pregnancies, because most women are already sexually active,” explains Judith Catalá Serrat, a physician specialised in General Medicine at Hospital Quirónsalud Alicante. Doctor Catalá notes that during this stage, “it is also important to assess the consumption of toxic substances and eating habits, as well as undergoing to gynaecological controls and early detection tests such as cytology.”

 

 

Between 30 and 40 Years of Age

 

“At this age, programmed cytologies should continue, and women should get sonograms and mammograms if there is any finding during a physical examination,” states Doctor Yaquelin Popa, a Family Medicine Specialist at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja. At this age, women should also undergo blood tests to assess whether they have anaemia, or alterations to the kidneys, liver, thyroid or cholesterol.”

 

Between 40 and 50: Taking Greater Precautions

 

Between the ages of 40 and 50, the age at which women can contract diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, pre-menopause and cervical or breast cancer, among others, so women should enter a new preventive phase, warn physicians. To do this, “they must undergo an adequate examination that includes measuring blood pressure, weight, and body mass index, as well as a skin analysis, in order to rule out possible pathologies or melanomas,” explains Doctor Catalá. This is the age range at which we start screening programmes for breast pathologies with yearly mammograms, and we start to perform colorectal cancer prevention tests, taking a faecal occult blood test (FOBT) every two years.

 

After 60

 

Hearing and eyesight problems are two of the issues to consider after women turn 60. In this case, the specialists at Quirónsalud hospitals recommend annual check-ups with the ophthalmologist and the ear, nose, and throat specialist. At the same time, women over 60 are in a risk group for contracting the flu, due to which vaccinating the patient every winter should be considered. This age range is also when women should undergo control tests to check for the existence of osteoporosis, and measure calcium and kidney function; likewise, gynaecological sonograms and mammary examinations are recommended in order to rule out diseases in areas such as the ovaries or the uterus.

 

 

 

### The mobile is the most frequent distraction behind the wheel

Once again, it is found that the manual use of the mobile phone while driving is still the most committed offence within the actions that involve driving distraction. This is what the results of the latest surveillance and awareness campaign on the danger posed by distractions at the wheel show, which the General Directorate of Traffic has carried out recently and which has been joined by numerous municipalities that through their local police, have established roadblocks in their municipalities.



Specifically, the agents of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group have controlled a total of 304,126 vehicles that circulated on conventional roads and have carried out 8,295 controls in which they have denounced 6,708 drivers for carrying out actions that cause a distraction while driving.

Of the 6,840 complaints filed, almost 43% (2,930) were for manually using the mobile phone while driving. It is important to remember that no one should use the phone while at the wheel, as it is known to be dangerous, even equating it with driving under the influence of alcohol.

Modification of the Traffic Law

This month, the Interior Commission approved the Law that modifies the revised text of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of motor vehicles and Road Safety in terms of permit points and in which the loss of points is increased from 3 to 6 for driving while holding mobile phone devices.

In addition, 327 drivers were penalised for the use of helmets or headphones connected to sound reproducing devices, other than mobile phones, a conduct that is prohibited because it is also a distraction while driving.

Other actions most sanctioned involving a distraction in driving are reading (145), searching for objects (108), driving while eating (56), the use or manipulation of browsers, internet access screens, video players or DVD (51) or being distracted by other occupants of the vehicle (47).

In addition to all these specific actions, the agents made 928 complaints for other violations that caused distractions while driving.

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 21

Welcome to the latest edition of the N332 RoadWatch emagazine.

In this edition we feature the startling number of deaths on the road in the last full year data has been collated.

We also talk about pets and how to carry them safely after a survey revealed the number of drivers who are oblivious to the correct method.

Not quite a pet we also talk about the elephant effect and why it´s important that goods are also transported safely, even if it´s just your shopping.

Good driving behaviour, tips for buying a used car and a check on documents are also included in this edition, as is our regular update from the Quiron hospital network.

We are also sharing a few photographs from the first presentation about traffic laws we have done since lockdown began, meeting the veterans around the Orihuela Costa. We plan to give more of these talks as we move into the winter so we look forward to meeting with many of you again.

There’s lots to keep you occupied in this edition, and as always we hope you stay safe on the roads. Until next time, thank you for your support.

### Essential medical check-ups in men over 45 years of age

Medical check-ups are critical to health. This type of check-ups not only serve to know the state of our body, but also allow early detection of diseases that do not present symptoms.

A Generic Photo of a man and make doctor discussing a report. See PA Feature HEALTH Prostate. Picture credit should read: PA Photo/iStock. WARNING: This picture must only be used to accompany PA Feature HEALTH Protstate.

Another benefit  of having regular check-ups is to prevent some diseases from becoming chronic, as well as increasing the chances of treatment and cure.

Cardiovascular diseases, cancer and respiratory pathologies are the three main causes of mortality of Spanish men. In many cases, death could have been prevented if preventive care had been performed.

While in adolescence the revisions related to sexual health (sexually transmitted diseases, infections ...), in the elderly we focus more on bone, cardiovascular, digestive and urological problems. In this case, the specialists of Quirónsalud Torrevieja explain which revisions are essential from the age of 45.

Medical check-ups for men from the age of 45

 	Prostate antigen test (prostate cancer) or PSA test. "Recommended every 2 years, except if there is a family history of prostate cancer, in these cases a check-up is advised more frequently," explain from the urology service of Quirónsalud Torrevieja.
 	Gastroesophageal endoscopy. An annual test is recommended for those men who have reflux or other gastrointestinal
 	Recommended every 10 years, unless there is a family history of colon cancer.

On the other hand, the cardiology experts of Quirónsalud Torrevieja  advise greater cardiovascular control and recommend performing a stress test and an echocardiogram. "Another point to watch from the age of 45," the specialists emphasize, "is type 2 diabetes, since it is in this period when this disease begins to manifest itself."

5 tips to improve your health and quality of life

Taking into account that cardiological pathologies are the main cause of death in men in Spain, experts insist that “hypertension and cholesterol controls should also be more exhaustive from the age of 45, since the risk is higher".

To avoid cardiological pathologies, the key is to lead a healthy lifestyle. From  Quirónsalud Torrevieja they offer us some simple tips to avoid this type of pathologies.

 	No smoking.
 	Avoid alcoholic beverages.
 	Exercise regularly.
 	Maintain a healthy weight.
 	Eat a balanced diet. Avoid processed meats and sugary drinks in favour of legumes, fruits, and vegetables.

Applying these simple tips will improve your overall health.

Finally, experts recall the importance of other types of check-ups or check-ups once a year, such as ophthalmological, auditory and dental. So how to get vaccinated against the flu, from the age of 65, to avoid any type of complication.

 

### Quirónsalud presents the campaign "Our best faces to take care of you" to value the role of health workers in the care of our health

More than 400 health workers from Quirónsalud hospitals and medical centres in Valencia, Alicante, Torrevieja and Murcia participate in the campaign.
 	The soundtrack has been recorded by the Orchestra of Young Musicians of Torrevieja

 



Health has many faces: that of humanity, that of involvement, that of teamwork, that of innovation and many more. In the hospitals and medical centres  Quirónsalud of Valencia,  Alicante,  Torrevieja  and  Murcia you can see them all when dealing with our professionals.

How can we help you?

Thus begins the campaign that Quirónsalud, has launched under the name "Our best faces to take care of you"  with the aim of valuing and making visible the health personnel of Quirónsalud after a year of pandemic raising awareness in society about the importance of promoting the values that they consider fundamental in the profession and that are part of the Quirónsalud hospital group.  The campaign highlights the loyalty of our patients and the generation of trust from the human and emotional point of view.

The medical directorates of the Hospitals Quirónsalud Murcia, Alicante, Torrevieja  and  Valencia  explain that, "a very important part of health is the human factor, people. Therefore, in Quirónsalud we want to highlight the close, empathetic and, ultimately, human treatment of our professionals. They are the ones who, with their vocation, make patients feel in the best hands. Because we understand person-to-person health."

With this campaign Quirónsalud gives visibility to the faces of all those professionals, nurses, doctors, auxiliaries, technicians or guards who take care of patients. Because in his face and in his work all the values of Quirónsalud are reflected:

 

 	Humanity
 	Implication
 	Commitment
 	Passion
 	Innovation vocation
 	Teamwork
 	The effort 
 	Professionalism

 

More than 400 toilets and the collaboration of the Orchestra of Young Musicians of Torrevieja

The campaign has had the participation of more than 400 health workers from Quirónsalud  and consists of an exhibition of posters in hospitals and medical centres of the Valencian Community and Region of Murcia, a video piece in several languages that will be distributed in RRSS and issued in the facilities of the hospitals whose original soundtrack has been in charge of Adolfo Arronis  and has been recorded exclusively by the  Orquesta Joven de Torrevieja

 



 

 

Quirónsalud in the Valencian Community and the Region of Murcia

 

Quirónsalud has eight centres in the Valencian Community and the Region of Murcia, forming a leading group that is at the forefront of medicine where people are the epicentre.

 

Quirónsalud is positioned at the forefront of private health in the Valencian Community and Murcia in terms of technological endowment, as well as in comfort and benefits for both the patient and the professionals who provide their services in their centres.

 

### Special device for the "Summer Return" operation

This special summer that has cost us so much to arrive is coming to an end and, for this reason, the General Directorate of Traffic starts up from tomorrow, Friday, August 27 at 3:00 p.m. and until 12:00 p.m. Sunday 29, the special traffic operation "Return of Summer", in which it is estimated that 4,750.00 trips will take place by road.




On these days, the journeys of citizens who return to their places of residence after vacations will coincide on the road with the usual ones on a summer weekend.

Displacement forecasts

On Friday 27, between 4:00 p.m. and 10:00 p.m., and on Saturday morning, mainly between 9:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m., there will be important long-distance movements that will cause high traffic intensities that can cause delays in leaving the big cities, as well as in the main communication routes to tourist and rest areas, both on the coast and in the mountains. In the late afternoon-evening on Friday, problems can be found in the destination areas.

To these movements of those who now start their vacations will be added the usual departure at the beginning of the summer weekend to the coastal areas and second homes.

In addition, on Saturday afternoon it will already be possible to observe return movements towards the large urban centres of those who end their holidays and make the staggered return to their places of residence, with the possibility of circulating intensity in some road axes.

On Sunday morning, traffic may be conflictive on the roads that connect coastal populations and access to beach areas on short-distance routes, while from early afternoon (especially between 5:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m. : 00 hours) the return will begin, both for those who end their holidays in August and those who have gone out to enjoy the weekend, and incidents with high traffic intensities may occur on the main road axes that connect the coastal areas , mountain or second residence with access to large cities.

For all this, the DGT recommends as always to plan trips in advance and, if possible, avoid the worst hours.

Special device

With all this flow of vehicles on the road, the DGT has established a series of traffic regulation, management and surveillance measures, with the aim of facilitating the mobility and fluidity of the different road users and ensuring the safety of all of them , among which stand out:

 	The installation of additional and reversible lanes with cones at times of greatest traffic influx and on the main access roads to large cities.
 	The restriction of the movement of dangerous goods vehicles, special transport and trucks in general and those that transport certain goods in certain sections, dates and times.
 	The stoppage of road works and limitation to the holding of sports events and other events that involve the occupation of the road.
 	The design of recommended alternative itineraries according to origin and destination, with distances and travel times and, in some cases, avoiding the downtown area, which is the one with the highest traffic intensity.

To these measures are added the human resources available, among which are, not only the agents of the Traffic Group of the Civil Guard, who will ensure the safety of citizens who travel by road, they will assist drivers who do so. but also the officials and specialized technical staff of the DGT who serve in its eight Traffic Management Centers and the more than 13,000 employees of conservation companies and operation of the Ministry of Public Works and the rest of the road owners, as well as the emergency services personnel.

Of course, the special device also has all the material resources available to the General Directorate of Traffic and among which are the 780 fixed radars (92 of them stretch) and 545 speed control mobiles, in addition to the 12 helicopters, 39 drones, 261 cameras and 15 camouflaged vans to control the use of mobile phones and seat belts.

The established device can be consulted by clicking on this link .





Driving tips for the return from vacationEven at the risk of seeming repetitive, the DGT gives drivers a series of recommendations that allow them to make this return home in the best road safety conditions:

 	Plan the trip by the safest route to avoid unforeseen events. The free DGT application, the twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes or the news bulletins on radio and television, as well as the telephone number 011, report the traffic situation in real time and any incidents that may exist.
 	Schedule the most appropriate time for the trip, avoiding the most unfavourable hours and, if necessary, use the proposed alternative itineraries.
 	Avoid traveling at night or after a tired day on the beach or in the mountains. If the trip lasts more than 8-10 hours, do not do it often.
 	Avoid large meals and moderate doses of stimulant drinks, as well as the consumption of drugs that reduce attention or cause drowsiness.
 	Never drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs or let anyone who has done so get behind the wheel. The only safe rate is 0.0%.
 	Before starting the trip, check the correct operation of the lights and indicators, as well as the tire pressure.
 	The luggage must be correctly placed, allowing the driver to have maximum visibility. Do not place objects on the rear tray of the vehicle that could cause damage in the event of sudden braking.
 	Maintain attention to driving at all times and respect traffic regulations: speed, safety distance, seatbelt and SRI for all passengers, etc.

### Flags and their meanings

As the La Vuelta cycle race returned to our local roads recently, it seems appropriate to look at the meaning of the coloured flags displayed by the accompanying Guardia Civil motorcycles.



It is not just during events like a cycle race that flags are used, they can be used at any time on the roads, so it is important we know the different meanings.

Red flag

The red flag indicates that the road beyond the vehicle carrying it is closed to traffic, except for those authorised to proceed. You must not pass a vehicle carrying a red flag.

Green flag

The green flag indicates that the road is open again and normal rules of passage apply.

Yellow flag

The yellow flag indicates the need for extreme caution as there may be an approaching danger. This flag is also used for road-based events such as cycle races when extreme caution is also required.

### In 2020 1,370 people died in traffic accidents

During the past year, marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, 1,370 people lost their lives in traffic accidents (6,681 had to be hospitalised because of an accident), according to the balance of the General Directorate of Traffic. It is the lowest figure since records began and includes people who died on interurban and urban roads during the 30 days after the accident occurred.



The decrease in the death toll occurred in a context of a reduction in long-distance trips, which stood at 25%, caused by the mobility restrictions imposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, while the automotive fleet stood at 36,158,465 vehicles, 1% more than in 2019.

The death rate stood at 29 deaths per million inhabitants, one of the lowest in the European Union in 2020, only behind Sweden (18), Malta (21) and Denmark (27). The average rate for the countries of the European Union was 42. In the European Union as a whole, the mortality rate per million inhabitants decreased by 17% between 2019 and 2020, while in Spain this reduction was 22%.

The Road Safety Strategy 2011-2020 set the value of 37 as the maximum mortality rate in 2020, a value that was already reached in 2019.

X-ray of the accident rate

The number of deceased people decreased by 22% compared to 2019, although the reduction has been somewhat higher in cities (-24%) than on the road (-21%). On urban roads, there were 395 deaths, while on interurban roads, the number of people killed was below 1,000 victims for the first time, with 975, which represents a reduction of 21% compared to 2019. Furthermore, in Interurban roads, there is a greater decrease in deaths on highways and motorways (-35%) than on conventional roads (-16%).

For the fifth consecutive year, distractions were the most frequent factor in fatal accidents (they were present in 31% of them), followed by alcohol consumption (present in 27%) and speed (present in 25%). Distraction shows an increase of 3 points compared to 2019, while alcohol and speed show an increase of 2 points.

If we take into account the mode of travel, the largest declines in accidents occurred among van users (54 deaths in 2020, compared to 80 in 2019), pedestrians (260 deaths in 2020, compared to 381 in 2019, 32% less) and motorcyclists (345 deaths, including mopeds, 26% less than in 2019), although the decrease in pedestrians was concentrated on urban roads (-38%) and motorcyclists on interurban roads (-34%).

Among those that had a smaller decrease in their accident figures, the following stand out: the reduction from 80 to 71 cyclist deaths, the reduction of 15% in the number of deaths in passenger cars and the reduction of users of trucks weighing more than 3,500 kg (from 55 died in 2019 to 45 in 2020).

Overall, the vulnerable users who died (pedestrians, cyclists, users of personal mobility vehicles and motorcyclists) were reduced by 26% and account for 50% of the people who died.

Differences depending on the type of road

As previously indicated, on interurban roads there has been a 35% reduction in fatalities in the case of highways and motorways, compared to the lower reduction in conventional roads (-16%). The most frequent fatal accidents on interurban roads continue to be exits (42% of people killed) and head-on collisions (20%).

On interurban roads, the only means of transport in which there was an increase in the number of deaths was on bicycles (+2 deaths). The accident rate for motorcyclists (-34%), which accounted for 1 in 5 people deceased (compared to 1 in 4 in 2019), and van users (-24 deceased) decreased notably. Those who reduced their accident rate the least were the occupants of passenger cars (-17%) and trucks weighing more than 3,500 kg (-9 deaths).

In the case of urban roads, the concern is focused on vulnerable users, since, despite the 26% decrease compared to 2019, they accounted for 80% of the deaths, distributed as follows: 153 pedestrians, 21 cyclists, 7 users of personal mobility vehicles and 134 motorcyclists (including mopeds). The increases in the number of deaths occurred in passenger cars (+2 deaths) and in trucks up to 3,500 kg (+1 deceased).

It is also worth highlighting the small decrease in the number of motorcyclist deaths (-9%), compared to the decrease experienced in interurban roads (-34%), although the behaviour of motorcyclists and mopeds was different on urban roads: greater decrease in road users. deceased mopeds (from 22 to 13), compared to motorcycle users (from 126 to 121 in 2020, a reduction of 4%).

Pedestrians who died experienced the largest decrease, 38%. It should be noted that 65% of the pedestrians who died were 65 years of age or older, highlighting the decline from 75 years of age, a population that has gone from 134 deaths in 2019 to 72 in 2020.

Other aspects to highlight

In all the months of 2020, with the exception of September, there were fewer deaths than in 2019. The greatest reductions: in April (-65%), May (-49%) and March (-43%).

The greatest decreases occurred in the periods with the greatest mobility restrictions. Thus, between March 14 (beginning of the first state of alarm) and May 3, the decrease was 72%; between May 4 (beginning of the Plan for the Transition to a New Normal) and June 30, -37%.

All age groups register decreases in the number of deaths with respect to 2019. It is worth noting the reductions that have occurred in the age groups between 0 and 14 years (from 32 deaths in 2019 to 17 in 2020), 45 and 54 years (-28%) and those over 65 years or more (-26%).

Deceased women were reduced by 28% compared to 2019, compared to a decrease of 20% in men.

In all the communities the number of deaths was reduced, except for Aragon (+5), Castilla-La Mancha (+3) and Ceuta and Melilla (+1). The greatest reductions were registered in the Basque Country (from 65 in 2019 to 42 in 2020), Comunidad Foral de Navarra (from 31 to 20), Comunidad de Madrid (-34%), Cataluña (-33%), and Canarias (de 74 to 50).

The general director of traffic Pere Navarro has indicated that “these figures are a consequence of the exceptional situation experienced in 2020; now, our efforts must be aimed at preventing a return to the old normality in terms of road accidents”.

Together with the consolidated data on fatal accidents, in 2020 there were a total of 72,959 traffic accidents with victims in Spain, in which, in addition to the 1,370 people who lost their lives, 94,562 were injured, of which 6,681 required hospital admission. The consolidated figures will be published in the statistical yearbooks of the General Directorate of Traffic.

### The most common diseases of summer and how to avoid them

The most frequent pathologies for which patients go to the emergency room during the holidays are usually acute-onset external otitis and gastrointestinal problems as the main cause of admission, as stated by Dr. Juan Costell, head of the emergency department of the Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospital.

Side view caucasian tired overheated woman in t-shirt using wave fan suffer from heat sweating, cools herself, closed eyes feels sluggish due problem no air conditioner at home at summer weather.

As for otitis, Dr. Costell explains that "otalgia with a history of recent bathing is usually the reason that causes greater care consultation. They are usually secondary external otitis by immersion in swimming pools or in the sea, as is usual at this time of year." This type of ear infection, caused by the action of moisture, produces an alteration in the epithelium of the external auditory canal, which in turn causes the germs that are usually in the duct to penetrate, causing the infection.

 

As for its symptoms, the doctor reports that "it manifests as a strong pain in the area and, if the disease progresses, suppuration and narrowness of the ear canal occurs along with a temporary hearing loss since the inflammation does not let the air through",

 

Dr. Costell recommends that, after three or four days, after the visit to the emergency room and treatment with topical antibiotic therapy, the patient should visit the otolaryngrine since this pathology can give many problems a posteriori and should be controlled.

 

In relation to gastrointestinal problems, Dr. Costell points out that, although the care demand is lower than in cases of otitis, the severity of the pathology may even require the patient's admission. "Acute gastroenteritis is usually accompanied by vomiting, increased number of bowel movements, diarrhoea, high fever and oral intolerance. Most of these problems in summer are due to food poisoning, the main danger being severe dehydration, especially in children and the elderly."

 

To prevent a picture of gastrointestinal problems in summer, hand hygiene is essential before preparing food and consuming, preferably, freshly prepared or refrigerated food, since the heat can alter its state.

 

 

Summer pathologies, what they are and how to avoid them

 

Although these pathologies are present all year round, as stated by Dr. José Luis Lasaga, head of  emergencies at Quirónsalud Alicante,  "it is in summer and during the holidays when they manifest themselves in a more recurrent way". To know what they are and how we can avoid the most common summer diseases, Dr. Lasaga indicates to pay attention to the following points:

 

 	Dermatological infections and other of these the most frequent are fungal infections and especially the so-called athlete's foot, which occurs after stepping on wet ground and previously infected by other people. "To prevent it," says Dr. Lasaga, "it is important to use flipflops both in swimming pools and showers and dry our feet very well. In case of infection, it will be necessary to use a topical antifungal treatment"
 	Diseases related to heat and prolonged exposure to high temperatures without adequate ventilation or hydration. "Its symptoms can range from muscle cramps, dizziness, loss of consciousness, to hyperthermia, hypotension, dehydration and death," explains the specialist of Quirónsalud Torrevieja. The doctor advises avoiding peak hours of sun, proper hydration and keeping the body cool.
 	Sexually transmitted diseases by increasing the possibility of isolated sexual contact without the use of adequate protective measures. To avoid them, Dr. Lasaga advises the use of condoms to minimise the risk of contracting these diseases. "If this happens, go to your doctor to perform the appropriate complementary tests and establish the appropriate treatment," says the specialist.
 	Bites of insects and other animals such as sea urchins, jellyfish, etc. In most cases they cause mild symptoms that are usually controlled with physical and anti-inflammatory measures, “although we must not forget that we must consult with your doctor or go to the emergency services without having symptoms such as dizziness, loss of consciousness, uncontrolled fever, dyspnoea or chest pain",  says Lasaga.

 

Finally, to spend a good summer without scares the specialists of Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante recommend drinking plenty of fluids, avoiding the hours of increased sun exposure, use of adequate sunscreens, a balanced diet, washing hands frequently, and if we travel do not forget the medication if you need it and health reports, and in case of doubt consult with our usual doctors or go to the emergency services.

 

### Good education is also a trend

Driving in the right lane or using indicators to signal a manoeuvre may seem like standard driving practices, but with so many people forgetting some of the basics all too often, it’s time to change the trend for the better.



Indicate to others. Being polite to others is a social trend. And that, in driving, translates, for example, into using the turn signals to indicate our intention to change lanes, to overtake, to turn, to stop to the right ... In short, to perform a manoeuvre without surprising or startling other road users, be it a driver, cyclist, motorcyclist, pedestrian or new users of VMP.

Right is the lane. It is not the usual thing, but the leaders have always been characterised by leaving the established 'lane'. And on the road that can mean driving on the right. If we all did it, overtaking on the highway would be easier and we would avoid dangerous manoeuvres by those who are in a 'hurry', stalkers and other 'owners' of the road. And by driving in the left and / or central lane without need is reducing the road capacity to a third (if it is 3 lanes) and promoting dangerous manoeuvres. Set a trend: drive in the right lane.

Calm for traffic. Since May 11, the implementation of the 30 kilometre per hour limit in the streets of a single lane in each direction to calm traffic has had such contagious effect that many municipalities decided to advance the entry into force or extend it to all their roads. And it is that the 30 and the "slow" movement have become a trend. With all that it entails: more circulation of bicycles and VMP, more trips on foot, less accidents and less serious outcomes.

Fit tyres. Tyres are essential for braking. Its condition (minimum 1.6 mm deep) and pressure (indicated by the manufacturer) are essential. Check for irregular wear, lumps, cracks or flats ... After 8 years, maximum, they must be replaced (the rubber loses flexibility). A tire with a worn tread adds 6% to the stopping distance.

Digital licence and much more. Download the official DGT app (miDGT). Not only will you have on your mobile, for the purposes of checks by the Guardia Civil, your driving licence, but a whole series of notices about traffic, advice and access to all the documents that the DGT has about you and your vehicle (ITV, expiration date of the permit ...).

I'm driving. Android, iOS, 4G, 5G, with 7 megapixels or 30, with a camera or two ... but what really sets the trend on mobile phones is installing one of those apps that, when we get behind the wheel, notify incoming calls that we are driving. So that the driver is not distracted. Do not forget that a third of accidents in Spain are caused by distractions, among which those due to mobile phones stand out.

Infocar: reporting in real time. E -traffic is a map in which, automatically and in real time, the information collected by the DGT through traffic cameras, weather stations, Guardia Civil or Civil Protection reports appears. These appear as icons that indicate the type of incident (retention, work, traffic restriction, rain, fog ...), how it affects the section (from black to green) and even –if the camera icon appears -, shows the real situation on the road. You can choose between Spanish, Catalan, Basque, Galician, Valencian, English and French and filter the type of incident. A tab gives access to information on incidents forecast for the next few days up to two weeks in advance.

### Rezum: Pioneering prostate treatment technology at Quirónsalud Alicante

Quirónsalud Alicante has employed the pioneering Rezum technique for treating benign prostate hyperplasia.  Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) — also called prostate gland enlargement — is a common condition as men get older. An enlarged prostate gland can cause uncomfortable urinary symptoms, such as blocking the flow of urine out of the bladder. It can also cause bladder, urinary tract or kidney problems.



The Rezum technique is a minimally invasive, fast and safe procedure that does not require hospital admission.

The revolutionary treatment is now available in Quirónsalud Alicante Hospital’s Urology Department, allowing the treatment of BPH without impacting the patient’s urinary system or sexual function.

The technique lasts approximately 10 minutes, and is performed through the urethra under controlled sedation. The treatment consists of the injection of water vapour into the prostate, which causes tissue necrosis (cell death), solving the problems caused by the growth of the prostate in the patient and eradicating related symptoms.

The goal of the medical team of urology professionals at Quirónsalud Alicante and Quirónsalud Torrevieja hospitals is to treat BPH in the least invasive way possible.  Thus, the Rezum and green laser techniques employed by Quirónsalud are both effective and efficient.

What is benign prostate hyperplasia?

Prostate hyperplasia is benign (non-cancerous) enlargement of the prostate gland, and it is a common disorder in men. So much so that it affects more than 50% of the male population between 50 and 60 years of age, and up to 90% of men over 80 years of age.

Who is the Rezum system suitable for?

Treatment with the Rezum technique is indicated for patients with Benign Obstructive Hyperplasia who do not want to continue with the drug treatment and the secondary effects caused by the medication (impotence, decreased libido, hypertension…). It is also suitable for young patients; patients at high risk of bleeding; and with other illnesses or undergoing treatment for other conditions.

This technique represents a great advance in the treatment for benign prostate hyperplasia and a hope for men with this condition who are concerned about the preservation of the functions of their prostate.

Advantages of the Rezum technique

The benefits of the Rezum technique, as it is a minimally invasive technique, are many:

 

- Safe and effective procedure, reducing side effects.

- Low risk of bleeding and complications.

- Alternative to strong oral medication and traditional surgery.

- Administered under sedation.

- Short surgical time.

- It does not require hospitalization (outpatient regime).

- Progressive improvement of urinary symptoms with rapid recovery and

return to normal daily life.

- It does not produce sexual impotence or definitive urinary incontinence.

- Preservation of ejaculation in 95% cases.

To determine if a patient is a suitable candidate for the Rezum technique, they must first have a consultation with the urology specialist.

It is advisable for men over 40 years of age who feel discomfort, even minimal, to carry out an annual check-up with the urologist to rule out any type of problem.

Quirónsalud Alicante Urology Service

The Urology Service of the Hospital Quirónsalud Alicante has the team and the necessary technology to address diseases of the urinary and retroperitoneal system in men and women.

More information at info.alicante@quironsalud.es or by phone: 966 972 900.



 

### N332 RoadWatch - Summer 2021

The latest edition of the N332 RoadWatch emagazine is out now.

 

### Half of drivers do not know how their pet should travel

The RACE and Royal Canin have presented the report "2021 Companion Animals and Road Safety", in which data is shared that reflects how Spaniards consider the safety of their pets when traveling. In addition, this report also includes tips to ensure the well-being of pets during travel, details of current legislation, and the incidence of animals in accidents. This campaign is part of RACE's commitment to collaborate to improve the practices of responsible ownership of companion animals, signed with the Ministry of Social Rights and Agenda 2030 an "Action Plan for the responsible possession of companion animals".



The risk of taking your pet loose

When a car is traveling at a speed of 50 kilometres per hour, the occupants and objects inside the vehicle also move at the same speed in the event of an impact. Thus, in the event of a collision, neither objects, animals nor people change their mass, nor does gravity change their value, so the weight of any of the occupants of a vehicle does not change. When a vehicle brakes abruptly or suffers a collision, the passengers or the elements that travel loose inside it tend to maintain the speed that they were carrying in the moments before the braking or collision (they do not accelerate but continue at the same speed).

In the case of a frontal collision at about 50 kilometres per hour, pets without restraint may produce high impact loads, exerting forces equivalent to multiplying up to 35 times their weight (which, as we have said, does not vary). This means that a dog weighing 20 kg will have an impact load that will exceed half a ton, which is an additional burden for the passengers of the vehicle and can reduce or cancel the protection of safety systems, such as seats, seat belts. or airbags.

The opinion of the drivers

More and more families incorporate a companion animal into their life. The number of households that have a pet is increasing, and so are the displacements. To find out more about the habits of these users, RACE has conducted a survey of 1,400 pet owners. Among the main conclusions, that 47% of the owners believe that the legislation is not clear when it comes to taking animals on the move, which can generate doubts and risks when placing or restraining our pet inside the vehicle. Do not forget that the rules do not specify the system that we must use with our pet, only that it should not interfere with the driver. Three out of four drivers are concerned about taking their pet without restraint because of the danger it may pose to the rest of the occupants,

What restraint systems do you prefer?

Although the options are several, the use of harnesses with a single hook stands out among all, followed by harnesses with double anchorage, and in third place the carriers retained by the vehicle belt. This is followed by the dividing bars / nets and the carriers located in the boot and on the floor between the seats.

Travel and stops

Pet owners do consider the needs of animals when traveling. Or at least for the 57% of drivers who rest in special areas for their pets, allowing them to stretch their legs and drink water safely. One in four only does it on very long trips, and 15% admit that they do not think about the pet when they stop, this situation being indifferent.

Risks during the trip

4% of drivers traveling with a pet recognised that, at the time of making the rest stop, they lost control of the animal, or it escaped, which in 1% caused a dangerous situation (recognised by the owner). It was asked if the respondents had suffered or had witnessed a dog or a cat being run over (in general), the answer was that 12% of drivers had suffered in first person running over animals, and 23% he had witnessed this situation. Even 7% acknowledged having experienced both situations, seeing and running over a dog or a cat.

How do users act in such a situation? Well, 39% notified the authorities of the situation; 21% of those surveyed did nothing, they simply continued their journey, and only 6% stopped to remove the run-over animal from the road.

The risk of being run over

Staying alert at all times to prevent our pet from escaping will be essential to guarantee its safety and that of other road users. This risk is not only due to the fact that our pet can escape from our control while we walk it near our home. It could be chaos that it invades the road at any time while we make the rest stop, when it comes to removing our pet from the vehicle. For this reason, and given the proximity of vehicles that circulate through the rest area, and the proximity of the road, extreme caution must be exercised, opening the vehicle never before having restrained the animal, and proceeding to get off the vehicle with special care.

It is important to remember that the Spanish Penal Code clearly includes, in its article 337, the protection of animals, addressing cases of mistreatment of animals, and punishing with prison sentences (which can vary according to different aggravating factors included in its articles) to those who cause injury or subject animals to exploitation. In addition, in the last reform of the Penal Code an article 337 bis was included in which it is specified that whoever abandons an animal (…) in conditions in which its life or integrity may be endangered will be punished with a fine of one to six months in prison.

Insurance

The best way to be covered against any incident in which our animal is involved, for example, before the irruption of the dog or the cat on a road when losing its control, is through insurance. In this sense, 58% of owners acknowledge having a civil liability insurance for pets. Current legislation obliges to subscribe a Civil Liability insurance for damage to third parties with a coverage of not less than 120,000 euro for owners of potentially dangerous animals. It is also important to consult the current regulations in each Autonomous Community, since, as in the Community of Madrid for example, it is mandatory that all dogs have civil liability insurance, even if they are not potentially dangerous. Not having this coverage is classified as a minor offence.

Veterinary advice

In case of displacement, consult your veterinarian about the special conditions that the destination area may have, since you may need to vaccinate your animal or carry an additional health document.

Before a trip, adapt the animal's diet and when the time comes, take its usual food with you to avoid digestive problems.

Prepare "the pet's suitcase", in which you will include the documentation and the daily vaccination record, as well as all the things that you may need in your new location (drinking trough, feeder, brush, nail clippers, toys, etc.)

Get your pet accustomed from the first months of life to traveling with a restraint system and before removing it from the vehicle, in the case of dogs, always hold it on the leash, keeping an eye on the environment so as not to put the animal or the animal at risk. rest of users

According to the results of the crash tests carried out by RACE, inside the car, the best place to locate the carrier is on the ground, between the front and rear seats, and always avoiding direct sunlight.

Dogs can travel separated from the general cabin by metal nets or bars (never to the floor of the boot) or with an approved harness with double anchorage in the back seat of the car, avoiding in any case that it interferes with the driver.

Make frequent stops when traveling by car with your pet, essential so that they can drink fresh water and go for a walk, as well as relieve themselves (in the case of cats we can let them get out of the carrier inside the car to stretch their legs and drink, if they want it).

During stops, never leave your pet alone inside the vehicle with the windows closed, especially in areas with high temperatures and in the sun. The result can be fatal.

Monitor the condition of the animal at all times, and in the event of any abnormal symptoms, contact a veterinarian.

Remember to clean the carrier before and after each use, avoiding dirt or the presence of fungi as a result of humidity.

### N332 Meet the Veterans Club

This morning, N332 gave a talk to the Veterans Club about changes to traffic laws in Spain.

The Veterans Club, which is sponsored by the RBL, meets on the last Tuesday of every month at the Hi Life Bar in Playa Flamenca starting at 11am.

All meetings will be preceded by light seated exercise and include a free breakfast for veterans.

Next month the talk will be about Care for the elderly in Spain.

The meetings are open to all and you do not need to have served to attend.

The contact for those wishing to attend is Sandy at sandysandy1979@outlook.com



Other upcoming events will include:


Claiming the Carers Allowance in Spain


Advice on TIE's and Residencia

### Dealing with Heat

Although many people still ignore the warnings, it is common knowledge that animals and humans will die if left in a hot car, a study conducted by the RACC Automobile Association, in conjunction with the Swiss Automobile Club, has shed light on some of the effects of vehicles in the sun.



Among the key findings of the study, it has been confirmed that if a vehicle left in direct sunlight, where the outside temperature is 35°C, standing without air conditioning, the inside temperature of the vehicle will reach a dangerous 55°C, or 131°F.

A study in America stated that high environmental temperatures can be dangerous to the human body. In the range of 90 to 105°F, heat cramps and exhaustion may occur. Between 105 and 130°F, heat exhaustion is almost certain, and environmental temperature over 130°F is likely to lead to heatstroke.

The RACC study wanted to confirm if the colour of a car can impact the internal temperature. They chose two different coloured vehicles for this comparison, a white one and a black one. They found that in the black car, the temperature reached up to 17°F more than the white one.

As for the myths concerning leaving the windows open a fraction to decrease the temperature inside, the results under lab conditions revealed just a 2 degree difference, which is why the advice of never leaving a pet in a parked car, even with the windows open, is such an important one to heed.

The advice concluded from the report is to try to remain stationary in direct sunlight for as shorter time as possible. Parking in the shade or under a carport will help lower the temperature.

Using windscreen shades when parked will also help lower the internal temperature, as will covering exposed areas such as the dashboard, and especially metallic features inside the vehicle, which can cause burns when touched.

Skin damage can occur from a temperature of 45°C. The internal elements like the dashboard, the seats, the steering wheel, or gear lever can reach temperatures approaching 80°C if they are not protected.

Never leave anybody inside a car in the sun, although children and animals are more susceptible to damage caused by heat.

Leaving the windows open, if the place you are parked is secure, can reduce the temperature slightly, as can choosing a lighter colour car when you purchase it.

Take time before you start your trip to open all the vehicle doors and windows and let fresh air flow through for a few minutes before entering. This will help to avoid high temperatures during the trip. Be conscious of security if you do this though.

You should also be aware that using air conditioning can also be detrimental, especially if the difference between the interior and exterior temperatures are severe, so make sure you adjust the setting accordingly.

If you´re wondering the best temperature to set your air conditioning to, the DGT recommends settings between 22 to 24 degrees, whilst the Royal Automobile Club of Spain (RACE) the recommended would be between 21 and 23 degrees. If the air conditioner is above or below these limits, it will increase the fatigue of the driver and his reaction time will be slower, so there will be a greater probability of suffering accidents on the road.

### Five tips to take care of your heart in summer

Failure to comply with cardiovascular treatments increases by 20% during the summer and can cause the patient to suffer heart and cerebrovascular problems, a case of angina, infarction, heart failure and stroke. All this without forgetting the increased risk of kidney failure.



According to Dr. Luís González, specialist of the Integral Cardiology Unit of Quirónsalud Alicante, "all the precautions are few to enjoy a few days of rest without setbacks; thus, a poor  diet  with a lot of fats and salt, together with other factors such as tobacco abuse,     alcohol, decreased exercise on a regular basis, cause a lack of control of blood pressure".

In summer, the blood pressure values are lower than in the winter months, this is because in the heat there is a vasodilation to favour the loss of body temperature and as a result you have a lower blood pressure. Therefore, if a hypertensive person is exposed too much to the sun in summer and does not hydrate properly, they can suffer severe hypotension that in severe cases causes loss of consciousness and fainting.

According to Dr. González, "One of the medications used for the treatment of high blood pressure are diuretics and if you add the high temperatures of the environment, you lose more fluids, which is why it is vitally important that you take more fluids than is usual." What is most advised for this type of person during the heat is to drink plenty of water, eat fresh fruit and wear light clothing to favour the replacement of liquids that are lost with sweat and thus avoid dehydration or in more serious cases heat stroke.

Five keys to take care of your heart in summer

The holidays are the perfect time to do everything we cannot do the rest of the year, but our cardiovascular health does not have to suffer. However, it is advisable to take some precautions so that forgetting the routine of the rest of the year does not take its toll.

 

Carry on with medication.  Breaking the routine make us forget to take our medication, we always associate it with concrete actions such as breakfast, dinner, etc.

 

Caution with heat. The main causes of mortality during heat waves are related to cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases. That is why it is not appropriate for us to spend a lot of time exposed to the sun in the central hours of the day.

 

Watch out for alcohol. Experts advise to maintain a healthy and balanced diet in summer just like the rest of the year. Excessive intake of alcoholic beverages can lead to heart rhythm disorders and a certain degree of contractionary insufficiency.

 

Caution with the chosen holiday destination. Cardiac patients can choose the holiday destination they prefer considering only that it is preferable to avoid countries with extreme temperatures and countries with height above 2,000 metres because if the heart is damaged you will have to work more.

As for the means of transport, we can travel in any form, but always considering that long journeys by plane increase the risk of suffering the syndrome of a deep vein thrombosis in the veins of the legs when we remain immobile for a long time.

 

Rest, important in summer. The first objective of the holidays is to rest, but it is common that we end up doing the opposite by sleeping fewer hours. Something that is not beneficial for our cardiovascular health. Lack of sleep increases blood levels of stress hormones, which increases blood pressure and heartrate.

 

 

 

### Get Set for a Safer Summer

The summer months often increase risks when driving, not only from the road environment, but also from within the vehicle.

Sometimes, especially in the hot weather, the temptation to “relax” a little too much is greater, which we often see manifesting as feet up on the dashboard for passengers, or arms, and sometimes legs, extended out of the vehicle, but maintaining a proper position in the vehicle is not only important for our comfort, it is crucial for our safety.



When used correctly, the vehicle´s seats and features offer the maximum protection in the event of a collision. If we do anything to change the characteristics of these features, we risk our safety tremendously.

The trouble is, it is easy to forget about the safety features when we are weighed down by the summer, but putting our feet on the dashboard, or the seat for that matter, arms waving out the windows, not wearing our seat belt correctly are all an absolute NO.

Arms and legs should be kept inside the protective shell of the vehicle. Sticking your head, arms, or legs out of the window is not a particularly good idea.

There are countless documented cases of motorists suffering serious injury when “clipped” by a passing car, as well as the more gruesome stories of the loss of limbs in the event of a crash. Having an arm out of the window also poses a risk to other road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists. Being able to put your head out of the window implies that the seat belt is not worn correctly. If your body parts are not within the safety cage of the vehicle, then you are at risk and are risking others.

Arms extended from the vehicle may also confuse other road users who might think that you are giving hand signals, thus posing a risk that those drivers may incorrectly react to what they think you are gesturing. Visibility may also be obscured as a result, blocking the vehicle´s mirrors and making it difficult to observe the vehicle surroundings correctly.

Even within the vehicle there is a serious risk of injury if you are not sitting correctly. An all too common sight in the summer months is a car passenger with their feet up on the dashboard, a practice that is not only illegal, but is extremely dangerous.

In the event of a crash, if a passenger is travelling with their feet up on the dashboard, the injuries that may occur will be very serious, partly as the deployment of the airbag can cause more serious injuries than it prevents in this situation, and, irrespective of an airbag being present, the glass from the windscreen can cause serious injury, not to mention the effects of a passenger being crushed by the impact between the dashboard and the seat.

In addition to the increase in occurrences of this sort of behaviour, there is also an increase in the number of fines issues as the traffic police try to not only advise drivers of the problem, they try and enforce remembrance through the issuing of fines. Incidentally, in the event of a passenger putting their feet on the dashboard, it is the driver who is ultimately responsible for the safety of the vehicle and, as such, it is the driver who will be fined.

Article 18, Section 1 of Royal Decree 1428/2003 of 21 November, approving the Rules of the road, states that “The driver of a vehicle must maintain their own freedom of movement, the required field of vision and permanent attention to driving, to ensure their own safety, that of other vehicle occupants and other road users. To achieve this, you must take special care to maintain the proper position and that of the passengers, and the proper placement of objects or animals transported so that there can be no interference between the driver and any of them“.

Keeping both hands on the steering wheel, not leaning with an elbow on the window, keeping your arms inside the vehicle may have been the repetitive messages our driving instructor taught us when we first took lessons, but the advice is still very much key to a safe driving experience.

Offence: Failing to maintain the proper position in the vehicle.

This can refer to passengers with their feet on the dashboard, drivers with their arms out the window, or any other situation where proper posture is not maintained.

Fine: 80 euro.

Reason: There are many reasons why this rule is important. For example, in the event of impact, the injuries sustained by a person with their feet on the dashboard are nothing less than horrific. The same goes for instances where limbs have been lost or severely injured on account of them protruding from the vehicle. Plus, the seats in a vehicle are designed to give maximum protection, and comfort, and not being correctly positions poses a risk, and can hinder visibility by the driver.

The correct wearing of the seat belt is also crucial. Not wearing it over your shoulder and across the torso is the same as not wearing it at all. That is why the fine for wearing a seat belt incorrectly is 200 euro, the same as if you weren´t wearing it at all.

Seat belts are designed for one purpose only, to save lives. Statistics show that by wearing a seat belt the probability of death when involved in a collision is halved, whereas according to the data from the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) and the Instituto Universitario de Tráfico y Seguridad Vial (INTRAS), the risk of death is cut by a staggering 77% in an overturned vehicle.

However, for the seat belt to be effective, it must be worn correctly, for it to fulfil the function it is designed for fully.

The correct way to wear the seat belt is for it to go across the torso diagonally, and across the waist, firmly secured in these positions. The top part must be on the hard part of the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and the neck. The lower end sits against the hardness of the pelvis.

The three-point seat belt, which is fitted as standard to most modern vehicles, has an upper (thoracic) and a lower band (pelvic). Both must be snugly fitting against the body. For the seat belt to offer maximum protection it must be on the hard parts of the body, leaning against the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and neck at the top, and the iliac crest of the pelvis, never on the abdomen.

Accessories such as cushions or other additions should not be used. Once you have pulled the seat belt across your body and secured the strap in the locked position, make sure that the seat belt is not twisted at any point. If it is, undo the seat belt and remove the twists. Once secure, pull the seat belt so that it fits snugly against the body, with any slack being taken back at the top.

If the seat belt is not worn correctly, it can cause further problems in the event of a collision. For example, if the upper band is taken off the shoulder, it can cause a head impact with the windscreen, dashboard, or seat in front. It can also produce cervical lesions.

If the belt is not firm around the body it can cause the vehicle to slide under the belt, casing lower body and spinal injuries. This is often referred to as the “submarine effect”. To prevent “submarining”, the vehicle occupants must also sit in a proper position when riding in the vehicle, with the seat belt securely fastened as mentioned, and without having any additions such as pillows or cushions which may contribute to the reduction of effectiveness of the seat belt.

It is also important to remember the one seat belt – one seat rule. All vehicle occupants are obliged to wear a seat belt, both in the front and the back seats. Some vehicles only have two seat belts in the back for example, and so that vehicle can only carry two passengers on that seat.

There are other rules regarding children in cars. Primarily, children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats and they most use an appropriate restraining system for their height and weight.

### 39 drones that will monitor the roads

The General Directorate of Traffic has finalised the distribution throughout the Spanish territory of the 39 surveillance drones -28 more than in 2020- which will be based at the air units and / or in the traffic sectors of the Guardia Civil to support the action of the twelve traffic helicopters.



Coinciding with this deployment, the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, attended a demonstration at the DGT headquarters of the operation of these devices, of Spanish manufacture and technology, which made Spain a pioneer country in their use in traffic functions. In May 2018 the drones began to be used in test mode and since August 2019 they are used for the surveillance and detection of infractions.

Drones are designed to detect reckless driving behaviour and to monitor traffic in those sections with a high risk of accidents and on roads with a higher traffic of vulnerable users, in particular cyclists, motorcyclists, and pedestrians.

They are also used to monitor and support regulation in operations and special events in which a high number of road movements are concentrated; for ordinary regulatory missions complementary to those carried out by helicopters; and to support emergency situations that, due to their severity, significantly affect the circulation and safety of road users.

The DGT has trained 35 personnel in the piloting of this type of aircraft and 60 personnel in the handling of the cameras that these systems integrate. The General Directorate of Traffic is accredited by the State Agency for Aviation Safety as an operator of remotely piloted aircraft systems. Likewise, the DGT helicopter unit is a pilot training organisation for the issuance of basic and advanced certificates for piloting drones.

How do they work?

The commissioning of these aircraft is carried out by a pilot, who is in charge of handling the flight controls, and an operator who operates the camera, both functions that can be carried out both by personnel from the General Directorate of traffic and by officers of the Guardia Civil Traffic Group, after obtaining the required certificate.

The infraction captured by drones may be notified immediately by an agent of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil or be processed later by the competent authorities. All sanctions will have the corresponding frame with the evidence of the offence committed by the driver.

The 39 drones will be distributed throughout the geography, except the Basque Country and Catalonia, communities with the transferred powers.

Each DGT helicopter patrol based in A Coruña, Zaragoza, Valladolid, Seville, Malaga and Valencia will have two drones to carry out missions in their local environment and area of ​​influence (neighbouring communities). The central base in Madrid will have 15 aircraft that, in addition to flying over the roads of the Community of Madrid and Castilla la Mancha, will provide support to the rest of the provinces of the national territory that need it.



For their part, Cantabria, Asturias and Extremadura will have two drones per area; and the island areas of the Balearic and Canary Islands, with three units each.

They all work at a height of 120 meters and their propellers allow them to reach 80km / h. They can withstand temperatures between 20 and 45 degrees.



They have an autonomy of up to 40 minutes, a period after which the battery is changed and they can resume flight immediately. Although the range of action of the DGT drones can reach 10 km, currently the Air Media Unit maintains a line of sight in all of them that goes between one and two kilometres.

Pioneers in use for traffic offenses

Since the start of the drone traffic surveillance activity in 2018, the DGT has accumulated 500 flight hours with these systems, has monitored more than 55,000 vehicles and has detected more than 600 infractions. It has become one of the most effective means of detecting the use of mobile telephony behind the wheel (they represent 12.5% ​​of the total infractions detected with RPAS), the incorrect use of seat belts and child restraint systems (15, 9%), and overtaking cyclists without respecting the minimum safety distances (4%).

### Micromobility: the disorder to seek order

Cities are going through a stage of profound changes, which began before the pandemic, but were strongly driven by it. Bicycles, scooters, and pedestrians share public space with cars, until now the great protagonists of mobility. We are facing a true transformation of cities as we know them.



These issues have been reflected in the conference organized by PONS Seguridad Vial and Spin (the micromobility branch of Ford Motor), in which representatives of public administrations and mobility experts have participated, and which has also collected the testimony of municipal officials, who have shared their experiences with various initiatives and projects to promote this new mobility.

Towards the city of 15 minutes

Ana Gómez, CEO of PONS Seguridad Vial, has pointed out the challenges that the new mobility must face: making it more sustainable, safer and providing solutions to the day-to-day needs of citizens. The objective is to reduce road accidents in urban areas and because the more than 76,000 premature deaths that occur each year due to pollution are not admissible.

In this regard, Ignacio Alcalde, expert in Smart City and urban development, also moderator of the conference, explained that major urban changes have always been motivated by technology (the car and the elevator, horizontal and vertical mobility) and by crises sanitary (reorganisation of urban planning). At that moment we are now, he pointed out because "we have realised that we liked the city of confinement more, without noise and without pollution. "For this reason, we are moving towards the "city in 4D" (time dimension), the "city of 15 minutes", in which we can satisfy 80% of our needs. For the rest (an event, a concert, etc.), there is the "city of minute 16", which offers other opportunities. The key, he concluded, is to articulate the two city models.

Micromobility, an opportunity

Alfonso Gil, deputy mayor of Bilbao and president of the Mobility Commission of the FEMP (Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces), stressed that the new paradigm of urban mobility is going to cause a significant urban change. As he has said, we are going towards "cities without smoke, without noise and without deaths." In this sense, he has underlined the important legislative step that has been taken with the new speed limits in cities: at 30 kilometres per hour there are fewer accidents, less pollution and less noise. Gil also added that we must see micromobility as "an opportunity" and that the changes that come must be "acceptable in social and environmental terms."

Likewise, Jorge Ordás, Deputy Director General of Mobility Management and Technology of the General Directorate of Traffic, recalled that the role that the DGT now has been given by the city councils when requesting a regulatory umbrella and a link to the changes that are coming. In his opinion, micromobility is a "factor of change" that will have to face three challenges, in which the DGT is a decisive actor:

Velocity. It will be necessary to calm the traffic and in that line is the 30 kilometre per hour limitation, which has just come into force.

Space. It's limited and micromobility is going to help a lot. Also the DGT, with the DGT vehicle registration and the promotion of ADAS (driving assistants) and smart mobility policies.

Contamination. The DGT environmental labels and the different platforms with connected vehicles (indicating which streets can be driven on and which cannot) will also be essential.

Ordás has also pointed out that the objective is to go towards a safe micromobility and in this line they are working on the preparation of a manual of technical characteristics of the VMP, in addition to asking users to use helmets and reflectors to be more protected. Likewise, he has warned that "everything that we do not do, others will do."

"Walk around the calcera"

Ramón Ledesma, PONS Road Safety advisor, has resorted to a decalogue to explain the transformation process we are undergoing towards safe micromobility:

Promote disorder to seek order. We must modify what has been established so far to move towards a new mobility model.

Pass from owner to user. This is changing: the owner of the vehicle does not necessarily have to be the one who uses it.

From 4 to 2 wheels. Sales of cars and large-displacement motorcycles fell, but those of bicycles, mopeds and VMP increased.

"Walk around". Until now, we were driving on the road and walking on the sidewalk. Now this changes and we must look for new verbs to talk about the new ways of moving.

From authorisation to restriction. Especially for the private car.

Protect the weak. The challenge is to reduce the number of vulnerable victims that occur on urban roads, so the 30 kilometre per hour limitation is a fundamental measure (and without many changes because the average speed of cities does not exceed 20 kilometres per hour).

The new obligations of the vehicles. The new driving assistants take on tasks previously held by drivers, requiring certain regulatory changes.

Use of vehicles and the environment. Public policies will be determined by the fiscal criteria that are imposed on the different types of vehicles.

Compliance with the standard. If a law is passed, it must be complied with or enforced, and this affects all vehicles.

The address, as a new logistics centre. The distribution of goods is the great challenge of the new mobility.

Ledesma has also established a triangle on which the solutions will come: technology ( "it brought the problem and it will also bring the solution, as has been seen with the recent Riders Law" ), traffic calming (city 30) and parking (1 car = 5 bikes = 20 scooters).

Example of cities

During the day, the cities were also given a voice. Thus, Brian Matthews, head of mobility for Milton Keynes, a town of about 250,000 inhabitants north of London), has said that his city was designed 50 years ago with the mobility of cars in mind. At the moment, their commitment is to micromobility, which is why they have launched various initiatives to promote these new ways of moving around the city: segregated lanes for pedestrians and cyclists, electric bikes, shuttle buses to the city centre, autonomous robots for the delivery of goods and shared vehicle services. The last thing they are testing is the use of drones.

Sonja Knopke, head of traffic in the German city of Mühlheim an der Ruhr (about 200,000 inhabitants), has pointed out that, despite some first bad experiences with electric scooters, her City Council decided to go for them. Thus, 450 units were authorised and, something fundamental, established 73 return points throughout the city. The result, as she explained, has been very positive, since there have been hardly any problems and very few accidents.

Karen Vancluysen, general secretary of Polis Network (the European network in which more than 90 cities and regions participate), has ensured that the main objective now is to avoid the use of private vehicles in the city. In his opinion, the keys are to bet on innovation, improve safety and reduce pollution. He has called for clear legislation and collaboration between the public and the private sector. He also pointed out that we should not go towards a fight between the different road users, but rather move towards "a fairer redistribution of public space" (until now, the car has been the main protagonist)." We want people to get out of the car and get on a scooter, and there multimobility and intermobility play a fundamental role," she said.

The last to speak was Filippo Brunelleschi, Spin's country manager, who pointed out the four pillars of the new mobility:

Broader concept of urban mobility.

Support to cities to find correct mobility solutions.

Autonomous and sustainable vehicles.

The role of technology.

### New Quirónsalud Medical Centre Opens in Gran Alacant

Quirónsalud consolidates its healthcare offering in the Alicante province with the opening of a new medical centre in Gran Alacant (Santa Pola).

 

 	This is the fourth Quirónsalud centre in the province, joining existing locations in Torrevieja, Orihuela and Alicante city.

 

 	Quirónsalud is the leading hospital group in Spain and, together with its parent company Fresenius-Helios, also leads in Europe. It boasts more than 40,000 professionals in more than 125 health centres.

 



 

On July 1, the new Quirónsalud Gran Alacant (Santa Pola) medical centre was officially inaugurated. With this newest health facility, Quirónsalud continues to grow its offering in the province of Alicante, this being the fourth centre that the hospital group now has in the province in addition to its existing facilities in Alicante, Torrevieja and Orihuela. The group now offers the widest healthcare options to Alicante residents, international residents and tourists alike.

 

The opening of the new clinic in Gran Alacant is part of a strategic collaboration with the company NouMediterrani SA, owner of the Hotel AJ, on whose ground floor the new health centre is located, next to the Gran Alacant Shopping Centre, owned by Grupo ASA and Josman.

 

The Quirónsalud Gran Alacant medical centre is designed to offer comprehensive patient care for which it will have the main medical-surgical specialties, among which are: Pediatrics, general and family medicine, clinical and sports cardiology, general surgery and proctology, dentistry, gynaecology, traumatology, angelology and vascular surgery, neurology, otorhinolaryngology (ear, nose, throat), dermatology and urology.

 

In terms of facilities, the health centre has a conventional radiology room, a rehabilitation and physiotherapy gym, a nursing office for medicines and injectables, a clinical analysis laboratory and a vaccination centre.

 

In the specialist Pediatrics Unit, Quirónsalud has a team of paediatricians from the Centro Creciendo, where a comprehensive approach is taken to physical and emotional health from birth onwards, led by Juanjo Saval (child psychologist) and Lucía Galán Bertrand (paediatrician).

 

The medical centre will be supported surgically at the hospitals that the group already has in the province, Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Alicante.

 

Covid-19 tests in less than 12 hours near Alicante-Elche airport

 

The Quirónsalud medical centre has also launched its rapid detection point for COVID-19 (PCR, antigens, serologies, vaccination quantification, etc.), where it offers all diagnostic tests and results in less than 12 hours in a location that is It is only 15 minutes from Alicante-Elche airport. Opening hours from 8:00 a.m. to 1:00 p.m. without the need for an appointment.

 

Quirónsalud Gran Alacant is a great choice for Covid-19 tests for residents and international tourists alike. Located on Avenida Finlandia 15 in Gran Alacant, just 15 minutes from the airport, it offers a personalised and no-wait service for all.

 

Quirónsalud in the Valencian Community and the Region of Murcia

 

Quirónsalud currently has eight centres in the Valencian Community and the Region of Murcia and will open a new facility in the city of Elche this coming September, consolidating its position at the forefront of medicine where people are the epicentre.

Currently, Quirónsalud is developing a multitude of research projects throughout Spain and many of its centres carry out cutting-edge work in this area, considered pioneers in a variety of specialties such as oncology, cardiology, endocrinology, gynaecology and neurology, among others.

 

### More vigilance for VMPs

Bartolomé Vargas, Prosecutor of the Road Safety Coordination Chamber, has sent a letter to all the local police in Spain to intensify alcohol and drug controls on drivers of Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP), especially in cities, something that extends to bicycle riders. Bartolomé Vargas pointed out, at a press conference, that "there have been systematic breaches of road regulations by cyclists and skaters, and by false personal mobility vehicles (VMP) that are really mopeds, which generate a great disturbance, concern and insecurity, with which sustainable mobility, which is the objective, is put at risk".



Mandatory insurance

The Road Safety Prosecutor referred to the danger of driving without insurance lacking sufficient financial solvency on the part of cyclists and drivers of VMP. In fact, Vargas explained that he is committed to obliging all users of this type of vehicle to take out civil liability insurance, both scooters and other personal mobility vehicles (VMP) and bicycles. In this sense, he recalled that conflict situations are already occurring in large cities in accidents with this type of vehicle. In addition, the Road Safety prosecutor, warned of the breach of the rules by scooters and bicycles in the cities: "It is not uncommon to see cyclists run over a red light or that a scooter user is riding on the sidewalk and is about to run over a pedestrian." The prosecutor affirms that "the signs are not respected", for which "a feeling of insecurity, disturbance in the citizen coexistence and conflict is generated that makes the sustainable mobility move away".

For this reason, Vargas assured that the Prosecutor's Office will maintain contacts with the General Directorate of Insurance and with the Insurance Compensation Consortium to find coverage formulas in relation to accidents caused by these vehicles and, where appropriate, propose the appropriate legal reforms.

Unify criteria

In this sense, the letter sent to the urban traffic police by the Road Safety Prosecutor's Office tries to unify criteria in a triple aspect. On the one hand, "face the phenomenon of the proliferation of vehicles marketed as VMP (...) sometimes with the appearance of mopeds and with high performance and power level". The objective of this unification is to determine "which ones fit the concept of moped or motor vehicle with which crimes against road safety can be committed (art. 379 et seq. Of the Penal Code)", such as driving under the influence alcohol or drugs, reckless driving or without a licence.

On the other hand, the Prosecutor ensures that the rules are complied with "by everyone, without exception" , for which he facilitates uniform criteria of action on the subjection of VMP users and cyclists to the Road Safety Law "promoting the exercise of greater rigor of the powers of police surveillance, alcohol and drug controls known and visible to the public, sanctions, immobilisation, withdrawal and deposit in the event of legal infractions generating risk situations and their consideration when the infractions generate harmful results as possible perpetrators of crimes of homicide and reckless injuries", which are punished, respectively, with penalties of 1 to 9 years in prison and from 3 months to 6 years and 9 months in prison.

Third, the Road Safety Prosecutor intends to address the phenomenon of improper commercialisation of these VMP "from sanctioning and preventive strategies."

### Low Emission Zones (ZBE)

Commitment to decarbonisation, homogeneous standards for low emission zones (ZBE) and employment protection were the main conclusions of the conference "Urban mobility and its integration with the ZBE", organized by ANFAC (Spanish Association of Automobile Manufacturers and Trucks), in which transport needs in urban areas and the mobility restrictions imposed in many Spanish cities after the approval of the Climate Change Law were analysed.



Homogeneous laws

As a representative of municipal policy, Alfonso Gil, president of the Transport, Sustainable Mobility and Road Safety Commission of the FEMP (Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces) and deputy mayor of the Bilbao City Council participated. He assured that improving air quality is a challenge that more than 400 Spanish cities have to face (those with more than 50,000 inhabitants and those with more than 20,000 with high pollution episodes). In his opinion, this is the opportunity to achieve "mobility without smoke, without noise and without deaths", with three keys: renewal of the vehicle fleet, bet on the automobile sector (it is the second that contributes the most to GDP) and achieve a public space shared by all users. In any case, Gil welcomed the regulatory field that covers the new measures, including the new DGT sign we looked at recently. He also stressed that the FEMP works to standardise these emission-free zones and, for this, prepares a manual of good practices.

From the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge, Ismael Aznar, general director of Quality and Environmental Assessment, explained that the Climate Change Law, recently approved, obliges cities to develop sustainable mobility plans that include ZBE. In this area, he said, further progress will be made with the Sustainable Mobility Law, which will soon be approved by the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda. The objective of all these new regulations is none other than to move towards a different mobility to fight against climate change and improve air quality and reduce noise levels in cities. In this sense, he recalled that every year 25,000 people die due to environmental pollution. As he pointed out, the way should be the homogenisation of the regulations.

The challenge of merchandise distribution

An essential sector for urban mobility is undoubtedly that of the distribution of goods, which has grown exponentially during the pandemic. In this sense, Francisco Aranda, president of UNO Logística (Business Organization for Logistics and Transportation), reiterated the commitment of all these companies to care for the environment. On the table he put three requests: rationality in the objectives (adapting them to the existing reality), dialogue by the institutions and rigor in the measures that are adopted. In addition to pointing out that the future involves a greater digitisation of processes, he assured that night deliveries and time flexibility must be increased and a “realistic” calendar for the renewal of vehicles must be proposed.

José López-Tafall, general director of ANFAC, described the recent approval of the Climate Change Law as “good news” because “it offers the regulatory framework they expected”. He also asked for homogeneous criteria throughout Spain for the ZBEs and assured that the mobility we want must be "comfortable, affordable, fast and sustainable." López-Tafall stressed that we are facing a change in the energy model that will take 45 years to implement (since 1995, when the first wind energy installations were placed until 2040), so it will be necessary "a lot of dialogue and consensus" and "flee from radicalism". In his opinion, it should be a priority to rejuvenate the Spanish car fleet and remove the most polluting vehicles from circulation. In this sense, he assured that, although electrification is progressing, it is not enough, mainly because there are many charging points lacking.

### Fourth country in the EU with fewer deaths

Pere Navarro and Jesus Monclús, General Director of Traffic and Director of Prevention and Road Safety at Fundación MAPFRE, respectively, are the editors of the book "From Infinity to Zero: This is how we did it". This publication collects the living testimony of more than 50 protagonists of road safety from the last 30 years. Because Spain is the fourth European country with the lowest mortality on the road and is an international benchmark in road safety.



The data

Spain has become an international benchmark when it comes to reducing traffic accidents. Between 1989 and 2019, the number of traffic victims went from 9,344 deaths to 1,755, which represents a reduction of 80%, a figure that in 2019 placed Spain as the sixth country with the lowest rate of traffic deaths, behind Sweden, Ireland, Malta, Denmark, and Luxembourg. In 2020, Spain rose to fourth position in this ranking.

The autonomous communities that have most reduced road accidents in the last three decades are Asturias (88%), Castilla La Mancha and Castilla y León (87%), Cantabria (84%), the Basque Country (83%) and Galicia (82 %).

The testimonials

The keys to success have been many. We are talking about a model, which, in the opinion of the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, has been based on a “greater general awareness”, civil society as the true engine of change, which has relied on “the work of many”, from different sectors and actors that have collaborated together in an integrated manner, and that has made it possible for road accidents to be perceived as “intolerable”. For the minister "The strength of our road safety policy is based on four fundamental pillars: education in values ​​and continuous training of drivers; a precise and necessary regulation, which is complied with; the Safe System, based on accepting human error, that prevents deaths and injuries; and the associations of victims of road violence, our best guide and to whom we have given a voice”.

Most experts believe that the reduction of road accidents and serious injuries is the result of great efforts in different areas, such as education, awareness, regulation monitoring and key legislative changes, such as the points system or the reform of the Penal Code, which have been produced in an environment of significant improvement of roads and vehicles, promoted by the European Union, the United Nations and the WHO, which have made it possible to improve mobility and signalling, vehicle safety and transport of dangerous goods, harmonise the different types of driving licences and driver training, among others, and where victims' associations have played a crucial role in making the problem visible and mobilising individual, collective and political consciences, essential for action.

But there are many other factors, such as the existence of a State policy over and above the political debate and an institutional organisation such as the DGT that has led it, as well as plans for the improvement and unfolding of the highways; the AVE, which has prevented many long-distance journeys and many victims; the improvement of health emergency services; have a well-trained, committed and stable body of public professionals at the state, regional and municipal levels; the importance of research, fundamental to discover, learn and improve the effectiveness of road safety work; the radar plan and the creation of the road safety prosecutor's office, as highlighted by Pere Navarro and Jesus Monclús, General Director of Traffic and Director of Prevention and Road Safety of Fundación MAPFRE, respectively,

The largest retrospective in the history of road safety

The book collects the living testimonies of more than 50 protagonists of road safety in Spain in the last three decades. It also analyses the factors that have made it possible for Spain to go from being at the bottom of Europe, at the end of the 1980s, to occupying one of the positions highlighted by its relatively low accident rates. The Spanish population rate in 2019 stood at 37 deaths per million inhabitants, extremely far, for example, from that of most Latin American countries, whose index is between 142 and 209 deaths per million inhabitants.

It also allows us to recognise the work carried out by public and private entities, to appreciate their effort, to reflect on the experiences that have allowed us to get to where we are, to learn, to teach and to gain momentum to advance and achieve Goal Zero. Among them, several general traffic directors stand out, such as Miguel María Muñoz, Gregorio Serrano and María Seguí; Juan José Matarí, president of the Road Safety Commission of the Congress of Deputies; Bartolomé Vargas, coordinating prosecutor for Road Safety; Mar Cogollos, director of AESLEME; Álvaro Gómez, director of the National Road Safety Observatory; Mario Arnaldo, president of Automovilistas Europeos Asociados; the researchers, Francisco Aparicio and Blanca Arenas; businessmen such as Jorge Cosmen, president of ALSA; Jordi Jane and Teófilo de Luis, former presidents of the Congressional Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility Commission; María Teresa Sanz, former administrator of Road Safety at the European Commission; Doctors Isabel Casado and Salvador Espinosa, and international experts, such as Matthew Baldwin, European Coordinator of Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility of the European Commission, among others.

Challenges for the future

The book shows that Spain needs to "revitalize" its road safety policy in the coming years, to fight against what has been called "exhaustion" of certain road safety measures. It also highlights that to fight against the accident figures and the human pain they represent, it is necessary to focus on vulnerable users, such as pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, and users of scooters, who in 2001 represented 32% of the deceased and, in 2019, 53% of the total.

It also proposes promoting active and sustainable travel, such as cycling; pay special attention to new mobility, such as shared vehicles; and promote greater coordination in national, European and global mobility in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), which, according to most authors, will contribute to halving, by 2030, the number of deaths and injuries serious, and achieve Goal Zero in the shortest time possible.

“The challenges for the future - says Pere Navarro - are, first, the safety of motorcyclists: every year we have more accidents and more deaths on motorcycles: second, pedestrians and cyclists, because there are more vulnerable deaths than occupants of cars, vans ; and third, a decided commitment to the connected vehicle, which will allow communication with other vehicles and with the infrastructure and which represents the great leap in road safety”.

For Matthew Baldwin, European Coordinator for Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility at the European Commission: “Road safety continues to be one of the great unsolved global challenges: 1,350,000 people die on the roads around the world every year. One of the basic conditions to achieve continued success is to continue improving and Spain is demonstrating this with the application of measures such as limiting city traffic to 30 kilometres per hour. Advances do not happen by chance. They are the result of visionary leadership”.

More research, technology, and education

The book emphasises that to achieve this objective we have the necessary knowledge and measures, and that it only takes more leadership, more resources and greater coordination in all areas. In this sense, it highlights the role of the investigation, essential for the statistics to be completed with detailed reports, which are analysed in real time by technical committees and allow immediate measures to be proposed to prevent the same incidents from occurring again. It also emphasises the need to make better use of traffic management technology, smart roads, advanced vehicle safety systems and connectivity, and the importance of emphasising road safety education in schools, improving awareness of drivers, with talks given by road victims.

### New Low Emission Zone Sign Launched

The General Directorate of Traffic has published an instruction on Low Emission Zones and other regulations for access to vehicles in urban areas, better known by the English acronym UVAR, in which the vertical ZBE sign is created and invites local entities to communicate these areas to the DGT, as well as other regulations for access to vehicles that they establish in their municipalities to incorporate it into the DGT 3.0 platform and to be able to disseminate that information in real time and free of charge to all drivers.

This instruction will facilitate the application of the Climate Change law promoted by the Ministry for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge, which entered into force on May 22. The norm establishes that municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants - as well as those with more than 20,000 with non-compliance with air quality - and island territories, must establish low-emission zones before 2023. The Ministry for Ecological Transition and The Demographic Challenge is already working on some Guidelines for the establishment of LEZs that will facilitate their development within the framework of the provisions of the Law.

The LEZs contribute both to the improvement of air quality and the health of citizens as well as to the mitigation of climate change and noise pollution, and they represent a stimulus for the energy efficiency of transport, promoting its electrification.



Safer cities

In the same way, the instruction is aligned with what is requested by the European Union, which urges governments to publish common definitions and information protocols on the characteristics of the LEZs, and the rest of the city access regulations. The goal is for cities to be safe, healthy, and competitive, and for residents, transport operators, delivery people and visitors to urban areas to know in advance the current restrictions and to be able to adequately manage their mobility. Establishing a common signal to all municipalities is in line with the establishment of common protocols pursued by the European Union.

Madrid and the Barcelona Metropolitan Area have already begun to establish these low-emission zones, and other cities will continue to do so. For this reason, and following requests made by transport operators, as well as by local authorities to have a harmonised sign for all Spanish cities, the DGT has created a new vertical sign, easy to identify and that allows citizens to know approaching or entering an LEZ, as well as the traffic restrictions that affect them.

The sign that informs of the prohibited entry to a motor vehicle, except those vehicles that have the environmental mark indicated by the local entity in the lower part of the sign.

Information also on the DGT 3.0 platform

The instruction goes a step further and includes the possibility for local authorities to proactively participate in the ecosystem of connected mobility, facilitating the DGT the identification of the areas and roads included in the Low Emission Zones and any other restriction measure of access to your municipality.

According to Jorge Ordás, DGT's Deputy Director of Mobility and Technology “ the DGT 3.0 connected vehicle platform is in a position to receive information on low-emission zones or other restrictions, their schedules and the type of vehicles they affect, in order to then share it for free and in real time through the National Access Point of traffic information, so that vehicle manufacturers, navigators and mobility applications will be able to know the degree of restriction that affects their itineraries in all moment, to establish smarter routes. We hope that this technology contributes to eliminating congestion derived from the hectic traffic of our cities”.

### 2020: A bad year in road safety

2020, the year of the pandemic, has been a negative year for road accidents, according to a study of the accident data carried out by the insurer Línea Directa in collaboration with INTRAS.



Although last year the number of traffic accidents reached historical lows, 870 deaths (24-hour count), the insurer has calculated what this figure would have been from the point of view of normal mobility without restrictions.

"In relative terms, the data is not so positive. In relation to mobility, 2020 has been the worst year of the decade in the field of road safety. If we take into account mobility and the evolution of accidents in Spain, in 2020, 128 more people have died than should have been registered," explains Mar Garre, general director of the Línea Directa Foundation.

Fundación Línea Directa has carried out 1,700 surveys of drivers in which it has detected that during the confinement at the beginning of this year (from March to June), speeding increased by 39% and that in 36% of accidents the victims were not wearing seat belts.

Likewise, 20% of those surveyed admit to currently consuming more alcohol, drugs and medication and one in five considers themselves a worse driver after confinement.

In addition, 60% are critical of the mobility restrictions that we have experienced in 2020 and 2021 and 24% acknowledge having skipped them on some occasion.

1,100 dead in 2021

Following the current trend, the study makes a forecast on the accident rate and calculates that we could reach the figure of 1,100 deaths on the roads in 2021. And it points out the causes that could lead to this upswing in the accident rate.

"The current situation is marked by tension and exhaustion. The relaxation in the use of the seat belt, the increase in speeding and the consumption of alcohol, drugs and medicines and the loss of skills due to inactivity during confinement can trigger the figures at 2019 levels, with the aggravation of being produced with 25% less mobility. We have relaxed, and driving is always a danger," says Mar Garre.

With these forecasts, the study authors warn about the need to change the current trend in road accidents.

"If we are not aware, 2021 will be worse because a general increase in mobility of 30% is expected, with 416 million long-distance trips, drivers will drive their car much more than before the pandemic and 71 % of those who travel in summer will do so by car".

### More Life Less Noise and Less Smoke

At 30 kilometres per hour there is more life. This is the motto chosen by the United Nations for the VI World Road Safety Week, which was celebrated between May 17 and 23, and which has practically coincided with the entry into force, in Spain, of the new speed limits for towns and cities.



Along these lines, the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, during the inauguration of a conference on the impact of 30 kilometre per hour limit in the General Directorate of Traffic, has assured that, with this decision, Spain has It has become part of that small group of avant-garde countries that have chosen to reduce the maximum speeds of their cities.

In addition to recalling that at 30 kilometres per hour the risk of dying in an accident significantly decreases, the Interior Minister stressed that this is a measure that goes beyond road safety because the objective is to "build calmer, healthier, more sustainable cities". In short, he said, "streets to live in, in which the public space serves to interact and exercise citizenship with freedom."

Grande-Marlaska has also pointed out that this was a demand from many municipalities, expressed through the Spanish Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FEMP) and also international organisations such as the United Nations, the WHO (World Health Organization) or the European Union. In addition to recalling that the accident rate in urban areas increased 6% in 2019 (in interurban it was 6% less), 80% were vulnerable users, he has said that the 30 kilometre per hour speed limit has affected 70% of Spanish streets.

A necessary regulatory umbrella

Alfonso Gil, president of the Mobility Commission of the FEMP, has pointed out that the reform of article 50 of the Traffic Regulations that was approved in November 2020 and that came into force on May 11, is "a regulatory umbrella that cities needed". He spoke of a "historic" decision because "it leads us to a city without smoke, without noise and without deaths." In his opinion, it will change the appearance of cities and, also, the pattern of mobility for society as a whole. However, Gil has pointed out that there is a question to be solved before 2040, before it becomes a problem: ensuring that the distribution of goods - the pandemic has boosted in a remarkable way - must be "effective and efficient".

Tactical urban planning with a paint pot

As Iñaqui Carnicero, general director of Agenda Urbana y Arquitectura, has pointed out, the new speed limits in cities have a "great relationship" with the sustainable city model that we want. He added that sustainable mobility involves designing "proximity cities" (with a mix of uses, the city of 15 minutes) and achieving "sustainable transport" (in which the private vehicle loses ground).

Carnicero has also spoken of the so-called "tactical urbanism", a flexible and low-cost strategy, in which "a simple paint job can make it possible to recover public space for walking." He has ensured that the 30 kilometre per hour limit "is perfectly aligned" with the Urban Agenda of Spain for the future because we will achieve better cities (less pollution and better coexistence), safer (less accidents), healthier and more dynamic from an economic view.

The high cost of transportation

Pedro Prieto, director of Energy Saving and Efficiency at IDAE (Institute for Energy Diversification and Saving), has put the accent on energy consumption. As he explained, we use the same energy to move as to maintain our homes. For this reason, the new modes of transport must seek, above all, energy savings, in addition to reducing our great dependence on petroleum products.

In this regard, he has left on the table some alternatives such as: new ways in which we move around the city (for example, through urban planning and the promotion of low-emission zones, LEZs, which limit the use of private vehicles), more efficient use of means of transport (efficient driving courses), renewal of the Spanish car fleet (very old, over 12 years on average) and promotion of the electric vehicle. He ended by assuring that, without a doubt, the reduction of speed in urban areas will help to "promote the change of model".

Within the 2030 Agenda

As explained by Gabriel Castañares, general director of Palanca Policies for the Sustainable Development Goals (ODS), speed 30 is "a coherent measure" that will serve to promote the mobility policies of the 2030 Agenda. On the one hand, he added, mortality and the severity of injuries caused by road accidents will be reduced, deaths due to pollution will decrease and "safe public spaces will be achieved, especially for the most vulnerable road users."

And the distribution of goods?

Jaime Moreno, general director of Terrestrial Transport, has affirmed that 30 kilometres per hour is "a safe speed" that puts the pedestrian in the centre. As he added, this change perfectly allows the development of autonomous driving.

He has pointed out, however, that we must not forget the distribution of goods in cities and on the table, he has launched the proposal to create fords or loading and unloading areas in the streets, places specifically designed for that task.

The example of cities: Malaga and Valladolid

The councillors of Mobility of Malaga and Valladolid, José del Río and Luis Ángel Vélez, respectively, have contributed to the conference the experience of cities with speed 30. Del Río has said that this change is not a minor measure, but that it will save lives because, with a higher speed, the number of fatalities increases. He has given as an example, what has been achieved in Malaga, on the Paseo de la Alameda, where now 70% of the space belongs to pedestrians. According to the councillor, "with road safety there is no play and there should be no political conflict."

On behalf of the Valladolid City Council, Luis Ángel Vélez stressed that speed 30 is "a very important decision for the life of the municipalities", although, he admitted, it was not an easy measure to carry out from a regulatory point of view. As explained, it will allow cities to move towards more sustainable mobility, while reducing accidents, environmental noise, and pollution. The aim is to promote journeys on foot and by bicycle to the detriment of those made by private vehicle (70% of them are less than 3 kilometres).

More than ten years

At the close of the day, Pere Navarro, General Director of Traffic, recalled that the idea of ​​boosting speed 30 arose more than 10 years ago, although it has only been approved now. He stressed that the objective is not to increase the number of fines that are issued, but to convince drivers that they should slow down when traveling in town.

He has also highlighted the influence that this decision can have on Ibero-American countries (in fact, Costa Rica has already approved a similar measure). Finally, he pointed out that 30 as a generic speed in the city will allow removing many obstacles from the sidewalk (traffic signs, for example).

### Risky Riding

Speeding (29.3%), alcohol consumption (17.4%) and drugs (10.2%) are the risk factors that most influence a fatal motorcycle accident.



As well as not wearing the helmet correctly - wearing an inadequate size, not fastening it, or adjusting it correctly -, which causes 6% of deaths in motorcyclists and 29% in moped drivers.

These are the main conclusions of the report 'Roadmap for improving road safety in motorcycle and moped users' , prepared by Fundación MAPFRE and the Spanish Road Association (AEC), which analyses 240 deaths in motorcycle and moped accidents and more than 7,000 injuries suffered by 3,200 riders and passengers of these vehicles in accidents that occurred between 2016 and 2019.

95% of the deceased, men.

The research reveals other relevant data: the vast majority of the deceased are men (95%), who lost their lives mainly on weekends.

"This disproportion between the sexes is very striking, it should make us reflect on the driving style" , points out Jesús Monclús, director of Prevention and Road Safety at Fundación MAPFRE.

In addition, the majority of fatal accidents occurred due to exits from the road (41.3%), frontal collisions (16.8%), typical of intersections, and falls (15%).

Safety equipment.

Regarding safety equipment, the study shows that 4 out of 10 motorcyclists involved in serious accidents (41%) did not use safety equipment, with the exception of the helmet, used by 95% of motorcyclists and by 87% of deceased moped riders. Furthermore, 98% did not wear any reflective clothing.

The use of other protective elements -airbags, jackets with protection, gloves and special boots ...- are more common on the road (71%) than in the city, where only 25% of the deceased used them.

Other vehicles involved

The investigation also indicates that in more than half (52%) of the fatal accidents there were no other vehicles involved. And when there was, the accident occurred mainly because their drivers did not respect the priority (21% of the cases), or suffered some distraction or did not see the motorcyclist (10%).

More research, training, awareness and equipment

The report also includes the proposal to create work groups to investigate accidents, which analyse each fatal accident and draw up recommendations to prevent this type of event from being repeated, "as has been done for years in other countries safer than Spain, like Sweden".

It also emphasises the need to improve the training of all riders, including those who start to drive small-cylinder motorcycles with their car license (class B), and of professional motorcyclists, especially delivery drivers:

"They should receive safe driving courses, in particular to improve cornering and intersection driving, and emergency braking."

The study also raises the need for more practical training for all drivers, through specific awareness sessions, risk perception, safe decision-making and the need to share the road, which are moderated by victims of traffic accidents.

And finally, it emphasises the need to promote protective equipment to better protect the parts of the body most affected in accidents (spine, hands and feet); to incorporate more safety technology as standard in all motorcycles and mopeds, such as the emergency call system and ABS; and to improve the roads with protective barriers, which are compatible with the safety of these drivers and which avoid frequent tragic situations such as the amputation of lower limbs.

More accidents in the city, more mortality on the road

The Fundación MAPFRE report on the accident rate of motorcyclists highlights that the number of deaths on motorcycles and mopeds has decreased less and has even increased compared to the number of car occupants in recent years.

The research highlights that the fatal accident rate of motorcyclists increased in 2019 by 16% compared to the previous year and that motorcycle drivers now represented 20% of all deaths, despite the fact that motorcycles are only 10% of the total fleet or that only 4% of the permits are for motorcycles.

"It is very striking that one in four deaths in Spain is a motorcyclist. This did not happen 10 years ago, when the percentage was approximately 20%," said Jesús Monclús, Director of Prevention and Road Safety at Fundación MAPFRE, who also insisted that "we cannot criminalise motorcyclists: A kilometre on a motorcycle is 17 times more dangerous than in a car with respect to fatal injuries. Therefore, on a motorcycle we should be 17 times more protected."

In addition, the greater presence of motorcycles may also be another explanation for this increase in the accident rate: since 2009 the number of motorcycles has increased by 38% in Spain, by 12% in the case of passenger cars.

### Thirty in the City

The Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, pointed out this week that the legal reform that limits the speed on streets with a single lane in each direction to 30 kilometres per hour “places Spain at the forefront of a global movement that, aligned with the Goals of Sustainable Development of the United Nations, wants our cities to be more humane, that our streets be streets of life and for life”.



On Tuesday, May 11, the law entered into force modifying the Reglamento General de Circulación and introduced various new features in the regulation of urban traffic.

One of the most important measures is the reduction of the generic traffic speed limit on urban roads from 50 to 30 kilometres per hour for those streets that have only one lane in each direction of movement. The objective is to reduce road accidents, especially those affecting the most vulnerable groups; guarantee the fluidity of trips made on the city's main avenues, and reduce the negative impact of vehicle traffic on air quality in cities.

Grande-Marlaska accompanied the mayor of Valladolid, Óscar Puente, in the presentation of the information campaign promoted by the Valladolid municipal corporation on the occasion of the entry into force of the limitations, a campaign that is based on the slogan chosen by the General Directorate of Traffic with this same reason: 'At 30 there is more life'.

Aligned with the UN

The Minister of the Interior explained that the reduction of the speed limit is not limited to seeking the reduction of road accidents, but is "one of the most important measures that Spain has approved in terms of mobility and road safety because it helps to build cities for its citizens, where the streets serve above all for living, it transforms our cities so that they are more humane".

Grande-Marlaska recalled that the United Nations integrates road safety into its 2030 Agenda for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), specifically in areas related to climate action, gender equality, health and well-being, planning of sustainable cities and communities, quality education, infrastructure, responsible consumption and production, as well as the reduction of inequalities.

The United Nations has recommended the limitation of urban speed to 30 kilometres per hour in the Stockholm Declaration of February 2020, emanating from the Third World Road Safety Conference, and in the Resolution that the General Assembly approved on August 31, 2020 And on May 17, the Sixth World Week of the United Nations for Road Safety begins, convened with the slogan 'Streets for life' and the hashtag #Love30.

### Allergies when driving

Driving with an allergy can increase the risk of having an accident during the journey by 30%. In fact, up to 75% of allergy sufferers admit that the allergy reduces their ability to drive.

Woman female driver uses a tissue to blow her nose while driving. Concept for distracted driving, multi tasking, health issues, colds, sick, medical issues

These data are worrying because 30% of the population suffers from some type of allergy and that each year more than a million people go to a specialist for the first time. Experts believe that by 2050 up to 50% of the adult population will suffer from allergic rhinitis (due to pollen, mainly grass). In addition, more than half of allergy sufferers suffer from sleep disturbances and 2 out of 5 of those with rhinitis also suffer from daytime sleepiness, which interferes with their day-to-day activities.

 

Driving "blind"

According to the Acierto.com platform, suffering an allergy peak while driving (with repeated sneezing, watery eyes and constant runny nose), reduces the attention we pay to the road. For example, at a speed of 90 kilometres per hour, a five-second sneeze sequence would be equivalent to traveling 140 metres "blindly." This distance increases if we add the moment before the sneeze (during the itching sensation) and the moment after until we regain our attention on the road.

According to the sources consulted by the platform, irritation and tearing are the most dangerous effects: they increase sensitivity to lights and the sun and the feeling of fatigue and directly affect vision, a fundamental sense for driving.

 

What if we take medication?

Despite the fact that correct treatment is key to reducing the effects of allergy, only 20% of those who suffer from it are treated by a medical specialist. The rest, 80%, either take nothing or self-medicate. The latter is dangerous for road safety because wrong consumption of drugs can alter our ability to drive. In fact, it is estimated that 10% of traffic accidents are related to this.

In addition, we must not forget that some very common medications can cause drowsiness, dizziness or loss of appetite, which directly influences our ability to drive.

 

What can we do?

We have some tips to reduce allergy symptoms when we go by car:

Keep the windows closed.

Use air conditioning filters and change them as often as recommended.

Take care of the cleanliness of the vehicle because the dust contains mites, a cause of many allergies.

Wearing sunglasses helps reduce tearing.

If we are going to undertake a long journey, it is recommended to change clothes (especially if we have been abroad) and wash your face and eyes before leaving.

Avoid driving in humid areas or with a lot of vegetation (if possible) so that pollen does not accumulate.

Consult with an allergist and other specialists and avoid self-medication.

Do not consume alcohol because it can enhance the adverse effects of some medications indicated for allergies.

Do not smoke inside the vehicle so as not to aggravate the symptoms.

Try not to drive at dawn or dusk because it is at that time when pollen concentrations are highest.

Check pollen levels on the website of the Spanish Allergy Network, www.polenes.com.

### Children on bikes

The role of the families and adults responsible for children is fundamental, setting an example as road users and teaching how to make good use of the bicycle.

To reduce the risk of minors when they use the bicycle as a means of movement or leisure, the experts of the Alianza Española para la Seguridad Vial Infantil (Spanish Alliance for Child Road Safety) give the following recommendations:



Helmet: The use of a helmet for children under 16 years of age is mandatory both in the city and on interurban roads. It is important that the size of the helmet fits the child's head and that it is correctly fastened. AESVi recommends that those over 16 also use a helmet because it is an essential element of protection and that it can save lives in the event of a fall.

 

Equipment: It is important that children wear appropriate clothing and equipment for riding a bicycle: shoes that support their feet well and avoid possible snagging with the pedals, gloves that protect their hands in the event of a fall, and clothing that facilitates freedom of movement.

 

Signal manoeuvres: When they are out and about on the bike they should signal the manoeuvres, and above all be aware that you have to be careful with pedestrians, adjusting the speed and circulating with caution.

 

Families: Parents or responsible adults must accompany their children until they are autonomous and at this time it is essential that they comply with traffic regulations: traffic lights, zebra crossings, speed limits ... In this way they will set an example and children will be educated to be responsible and respectful adults with other road users.

 

Not on the pavement: As a general rule, cyclists cannot ride on the pavement unless it is marked as a bicycle lane for shared use with pedestrians. In the city and on the road, you must circulate on the bike lanes whenever they are available.

 

Get off the bike: To cross a pedestrian crossing, the cyclist must get off the bicycle and cross it on foot, pushing the bicycle, otherwise they will not have priority.

 

In parallel: On the road, you can only circulate in parallel in sections with good visibility and without traffic jams. Cyclists should always stick as far as possible to the right side of the road.

 

Illumination: Whenever the light conditions are low, they have to use lighting fixtures and reflective clothing, especially in autumn and winter. The regulations specify that bicycles, to circulate at night, on sections of roads marked with the 'tunnel' sign or when there are meteorological or environmental conditions that significantly reduce visibility, must have front and rear position light and rear reflector.

 

Bell. According to the regulations, to be able to circulate on any road, urban or interurban, bicycles must be equipped with a bell, prohibiting the use of other different acoustic devices.

 

If the child rides a bike to school

The school must set up an area to leave the bicycle for children who use this means of movement.

The backpack should not be overloaded with weight, as it could destabilise the child.

It is recommended that adults accompany children the first few times, identifying dangerous points, crossings and crosswalks (and the way to cross). It should also be explained to them that they must circulate in a calm and safe way.

 

Attention parents!

The AESVi child road safety experts call on all parents and adults responsible for a minor to increase protection on any type of journey, especially on daily commutes, which is where the guard is usually lowered.

### New labelling for tyres seeks to highlight efficiency and performance

On 1 May 2021, motorists will benefit from the introduction of a new label and innovative system to help them understand how well tyres perform, especially for fuel efficiency and grip in the wet.



This follows concerns that vehicle owners are not aware of the significant differences between the highest and lowest rated tyres displayed on the outgoing label. According to a survey of the European Tyre and Rubber Manufacturers’ Association and Lizeo Group, just 1% of tyres in the market are ‘A’ rated for both efficiency and wet grip.

While other factors influence the low number of the best performing tyres being sold, awareness of the ratings is a primary concern.

Previously, the label was fixed to each tyre. However, the customer visiting an outlet rarely saw it because the tyres were typically taken from the stock room and fitted straight to the vehicle while the customer waits in reception. If the label and the tyre options weren’t discussed before the customer made their selection, there’s a high probability they would have left without seeing a label at all.

Equally, retailers may not have had easy access on their computers to the labels to pass on this information.

The new digital solution addresses this issue. As of 1 May, tyre label ratings will be made available to retailers through their computers and they will be obliged to provide the information to customers. This information is drawn from a European database holding the ratings of every tyre on sale, which will be made accessible to the public.

Inevitably, there will be an ‘interim’ period before the old label completely disappears. All tyres in stockrooms will have the old label applied to them and until these have been sold and replaced customers may still see the old label.

In fact, customers are likely to see the new tyre labelling information digitally via the retailer or online.

Stuart Jackson, TyreSafe Chair, said: “The key point of tyre labelling is to help those choosing a tyre to make an informed decision. There is concern that owners typically only consider cost and don’t appreciate there may be tyres that are more suitable and offer better value but perhaps at a higher price. It’s in the interest of vehicle owners to make themselves aware of the information contained on the new tyre label to cut costs in fuel, as well as improve their safety.”

What’s the same as the previous tyre label?

 	A tyre’s fuel efficiency, braking performance in the wet and the amount of road noise it generates remain the core information of the label
 	A rating is provided for each performance measure

What’s different about the new tyre label?

 	The number of ratings has dropped to five, in-line with other consumer products such as domestic appliances: ‘A’ being the best, ‘E’ being the worst
 	If the tyre is classified as suitable for use on snow, it will have the Alpine peaks symbol. A symbol for tyres classified as suitable for ice (known as ‘Nordic tyres’) is also available

### Spain among the four countries with the least accidents

Spain, with 29 deaths per million inhabitants, is the fourth country in the European Union with the lowest mortality rate due to traffic accidents, only behind Sweden (18), Malta (21) and Denmark (27) and ahead, for the first time in history, of reference countries in road safety such as the Netherlands (31), Germany (33) and France (39).

Car accident

These are the provisional figures for road fatalities in 2020 published this week by the European Commission and which estimate that in the entire European Union 18,000 people died due to road traffic accidents, which represents a decrease of 17% (-4,000 deaths) compared to 2019.

According to the European Commission, the lower volume of traffic as a result of the health pandemic has had a direct, although not measurable, impact on this drop in road accidents, since some European countries, despite this reduction in mobility, increased the deaths and risky behaviours, particularly speeding, increased during lockdown periods.

According to published data, 18 of the member states registered a lower number of deaths, although the reduction has not been the same. The decreases of more than 20% occurred in Belgium, Bulgaria, Denmark, Spain, France, Croatia, Italy, Hungary, Malta and Slovenia. In contrast, countries such as Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Luxembourg and Finland increased the number of people killed.

According to Pere Navarro, director of the General Directorate of Traffic, “it is true that in 2020 we have reduced deaths from traffic accidents, but in an atypical year in which the pandemic has conditioned everything; therefore now the challenge is to consolidate that trend”. "We have taken regulatory measures that need time to consolidate and to verify their effectiveness."

Despite these European data, the Commission recalls that in the decade 2010-2020 the number of road deaths fell by 36%, far from the goal of 50% fewer deaths that had been set for this decade. Only Greece (54%) exceeded the target, followed by Croatia (44%), Spain (44%), Portugal (43%), Italy (42%) and Slovenia (42%). In total, nine Member States recorded falls of 40% or more.

However, with a rate of 42 road deaths per million inhabitants, the EU continues to be the continent with the highest levels of road safety. The world average is over 180.

Post-Covid mobility

The European Commission also points out how the pandemic has caused many cities to grant more space to cyclists and pedestrians, a measure that can have a positive impact on air quality and that leads local authorities to rethink spaces in cities.

Across the EU, around 70% of fatalities in urban areas are vulnerable road users, i.e. pedestrians, motorcyclists and cyclists. Therefore, addressing road safety in cities is a key area of ​​focus and the Commission wants to ensure that road safety is taken into account at all stages of urban mobility planning.

For this reason, road safety will be an important element of the new Urban Mobility Initiative that the Commission will present later this year. In this regard, two European capitals, Helsinki and Oslo, achieved the milestone of zero pedestrian and cyclist deaths in 2019, citing speed reductions as essential for progress.

### TWO WHEELS - Agile, but vulnerable

The motorcycle has been gaining ground in the city for years. Agile –in all the comparisons, it 'saves' a third the travel time compared to a car–, it occupies 5 times less space than a car, it is easily parked... For this reason and despite the pandemic, sales grew in Europe by 1% in 2020 -according to the European Association of Motorcycle Manufacturers- and, although Covid-19 affected its use, its use grew as all non-shared vehicles grew out of control.



Years ago, the DGT authorised drivers of a standard car licence the ability to drive motorcycles of up to 125 cc, so long as the category B permit had been held for 3 years. Another example of its progress as an element of mobility are shared use systems, present in many cities through companies such as Muving, eCooltra, Acciona ..., which are rented and paid for through apps on smartphones.

There are also many municipal initiatives to promote its use: for example, some cities have set up reserved parking areas for motorcycles or allow them to be parked on the pavement –depending on the width and whether they leave space for pedestrians–; Others exempt electric motorcycles from paying in regulated parking areas, allowing them to circulate on special lanes or implement advanced stop areas before traffic lights ... There are even autonomous communities that provide aid for electric motorcycles.

In addition, the modification of the Traffic Regulations prepared by the DGT will affect motorcycles. For example, it will introduce the possibility of driving on the hard shoulder (in congested areas and, at a maximum, at 40 km / h) and will force the use of gloves, it will open the arrival of new technological security elements and will regulate intercoms.

ANESDOR, DGT, RACE and DORNA recently launched the #PonteUnAirbag campaign to raise awareness among motorcycle and moped users of the advantages of wearing garments with an airbag. Pere Navarro compared the use of this element with the implantation of the helmet: “The airbag is going to be an essential element to protect critical areas of the thorax, where 35% of deceased motorists and more than 25% of those hospitalised suffer torso injuries. From the DGT we clearly bet on its use, and we will incorporate it into the equipment of the motorcyclists of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil”.

The truth is that the research and launch of new safety elements for the motorcycle also measure the importance of this vehicle in mobility.

From messengers to delivery men

The agility of the motorcycle in the city and its ease of parking have always found a place in the cities. Several decades ago, the streets were filled with couriers, carrying documents or objects at maximum speed. Now, with the rise of electronic commerce, this has been transferred to the delivery of goods at home and to food delivery people, who by bike or motorbike, 'surf' the traffic not always respecting rules, only driven by the speed of delivery.

 

### 2.65 Million ‘ZOMBIE’ Vehicles

In Spain, 2,650,000 uninsured vehicles or 'zombies' are on the roads, most of them passenger cars (1.8 million), which represents almost 8% of the entire fleet, according to the study presented by the insurer Línea Directa, using data from the Registry of Vehicles of the DGT, of the Computer File of Insured Vehicles (FIVA) and of the insurance company itself.



The study also highlights the dangers and problems of driving without compulsory insurance: each year 130,000 fines are imposed for not having compulsory insurance - double the fines for alcohol and drugs combined - in the last decade there have been more than 300,000 uninsured passenger car claims.

More serious accidents.

The insurer also estimates that accidents against uninsured vehicles are more serious and cause more problems: the possibility of injury is multiplied by 2.4; 75% of these claims are caused by men, the resolution time is 12% longer and the average cost of damage to third parties doubles.

In addition, the coastal and tourist areas are those with the lowest proportion of insurance, with the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands, Catalonia, Cantabria and Murcia with more than 10% of the vehicles in circulation uninsured.

The factors that determine non-insurance are, according to the insurer, ignorance in the first place. But also the non-processing of the cancellation of the vehicles when they are discarded, the aging state of our mobile fleet - more years less coverage - and the current unfavourable economic situation.

"We have seen that in many cases of not insuring a vehicle it is not bad faith, but there is enormous ignorance about the obligation to insure a vehicle. Also in the obligation to cancel when stopping using a vehicle" , explains Mar Garre, Director of People, Communication and Sustainability at Línea Directa.

Driving without insurance: these are the consequences

The law establishes that every owner of a motor vehicle that has its usual parking lot in Spain is obliged to subscribe and maintain a civil liability insurance in force.

Thus, driving without compulsory insurance is sanctioned with a fine of 601 euro to 3,005 euro, depending on the damage if it is circulated or not, the time without insurance and the reiteration. Abandoned cars or in private places are not excluded. To which should be added, where appropriate, the penalty for not having the ITV in force (up to 500 euro). In addition, in the event of causing an accident and not having a policy in force, the person in charge must bear the cost of all material and personal damage that it has caused, and the costs derived from the service of the tow truck and the deposit of the vehicle.

But, what happens if we have an accident against a 'zombie' car, without an insurance policy? In this case, the insurer Linea Directa highlights that the main problems for the victims are the defencelessness, the complexity of the claims and the slowness to resolve them.

### New Speed Limits in May

At the end of 2020, the DGT published a broad reform of the Traffic Law that aimed to improve the road safety on national highways. A series of changes that were approved shortly after, but are gradually coming into effect.



This will happen with one of the most profound changes: these are the three new speed limits that come into force on May 11. That will be the official date on which the landscape of many cities will change, especially those that, for now, have not lowered the limits of their streets. And it is that the General Directorate of Traffic has wanted some margin so that the different localities adapt their signage and we all have time to adapt and know the new regulations.

Until now, the generic speed limit in cities was set at 50 kilometres per hour. As of May 11, this figure will be reserved for high-capacity roads that have two or more lanes for each direction, such as the CV-905 in Torrevieja which saw the speed limit reduced not too long ago.

With the aim of eradicating mortality in urban accidents and avoiding both accidents and their consequences, two new limitations will arrive: 30 kilometres per hour and 20 kilometres per hour, depending on the street.

30 kilometres per hour

This is the limit chosen for roads that have a single lane in each direction, which is already being applied in many Spanish cities. It should be noted that the areas reserved for certain vehicles or users (such as those for public transport) are not counted.

20 kilometres per hour

This new limit will be the one that regulates traffic on single-platform roads, that is, those streets in which the sidewalk and the road are unified and, therefore, pedestrians and vehicles share space although the preference is always of the first.

Sanctions

The penalties, consequently, will also change: driving over the speed limit will be considered a serious offence that will be punished with a fine of 100 euro without loss of points on the driving licence. Driving at excessive speed will result in higher fines and the loss of points.

Adapting limits

Finally, it must be borne in mind that the town councils will have the power to reduce these new generic speeds if they consider it necessary and provided that, previously, they install the signage that announces a different limit. To this must be added that, in some exceptional cases, the speed may be increased up to 50 kilometres per hour on roads with a single lane in each direction.

 

### Buckling up is Not a Thing of the Past

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) is launching a new media outreach campaign on the importance of wearing seat belts, at a time when indicators are showing less use.



In 2020, with data on accidents that occurred on interurban roads within 24 hours, the percentage of deaths in passenger cars and vans that did not use said safety device increased from 22% to 26%. An increase that was also evident in the latest seat belt-use surveillance campaign that the DGT carried out between March 8 and 14, in which the number of drivers who were not wearing it increased by 7%, compared to the same campaign that was carried out last year.

The campaign, announced by the Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, in his appearance before the Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility Commission of Congress, can be heard on different radio stations and viewed on television, digital and social networks (#PareceCosaDelPasado). The campaign aims to strengthen the idea that its use is the best life insurance when traveling by car.

For this, the DGT has recovered an advertisement that aired on television in 1973 and in which it was said: "for your safety, wear your seat belt"; a message that seems like a thing of the past ..., but it is not, since after almost 50 years, the DGT has to continue insisting on the importance of its use because in the XXI century, 1 in 4 deaths in traffic accidents are not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident.

This awareness-raising action is launched at a specific time surrounding the Easter period which there were no long-distance trips permitted.

The perimeter closure restrictions in each of the Autonomous Communities that have been imposed in order to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus, made trips short and circumscribed to the province or the autonomous community, depending on the cases, but not without risk. In fact, on March 19, in which there were also perimeter closures in those communities in which this day was a public holiday, it became the second day of the year with the highest number of deaths (9 people lost their lives on the roads).

With this campaign, the DGT wants to remind you of the importance of not lowering your guard on short trips, starting with the obligation to wear your seat belt and continuing with the adoption of the other correct and respectful behaviour on the road.

Second year without special operation

Although this year there was no special Easter operation as we know it, the Traffic Management Centres that the DGT has throughout the national territory that are operational 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, may establish, if necessary, the relevant traffic management and ordering measures.

 

### Women Fear the Bike and Scooter

Only 12% of people choose sustainable mobility to get around the city. Men, 15%, and women, 10%. This is one of the main conclusions of the study presented by the chain of Midas workshops, #EllasConducenPorLaCiudad, and which is part of the #EllasConducen initiative, whose godmother is the motorcycle racer Ana Carrasco.



By cities, the women of Zaragoza are the ones who most use sustainable means of getting around, 16%, followed by those of Valencia (13%), Bilbao (12%), Malaga (6%), Barcelona (8%) and, finally, Madrid (10%).

Better by car

Among women who drive, their favourite sustainable options are the hybrid or electric car (5%), the bicycle (4%), the scooter (2%) and the electric motorcycle (0.2%).

In addition, 52% of the women surveyed admit that they would change their usual mode of transport for a more sustainable one, compared to 61% of men. 42% of the two groups, men and women, prefer a hybrid or electric car. This percentage rises to 90% among women who use combustion vehicles as their usual means of transport. They admit that they would change vehicles, but they do not do so because they believe it would be more expensive (68%) or because they consider that the city in which they live is not prepared for this type of vehicle (32%).

Of the women who already use a sustainable vehicle, 47% admit that they would not change it, while 45% say they do so out of environmental awareness. In men, that percentage is 36%.

Fight pollution

56% of women consider that their cities are not taking sufficient measures to reduce pollution. By cities, Palma de Mallorca is the most critical (73%), followed by Madrid (62%) and Alicante (60%).

Valencians (68%), Zaragoza (48%) and Malaga (40%) are those who believe that measures are being taken to combat pollution. It is precisely in these three cities where more sustainable vehicles circulate. In Madrid (9%), Bilbao (9%) and Seville (8%) is the least.

Fear of bicycles and scooters

In general, women are more reluctant to use bicycles and scooters. In fact, there are differences by sex: 10% of men compared to 5% of women admit to using these means of transport on a regular basis. The cities with the greatest use of bicycles by them are, in this order, Valencia, Zaragoza and Seville.

In addition, 65% of the women surveyed admit that they do not use a bicycle or scooter and the reasons are that other drivers put them in danger (61%) or are not sufficiently visible to other drivers (47%).

Changes in mobility

The pandemic has caused changes in the way we move in cities. According to the study, 43% of those surveyed admit that they avoid public transport; 28% acknowledge that they use the private vehicle more, and 28% indicate that they only go to places where they can walk.

Murcianas (50%), Sevillanas (32%) and Madrid (31%) are the ones that have increased the use of private vehicles the most. In Alicante, 60% of the women surveyed admit that they only go to places where they can walk, while Madrid women are the ones who have chosen the most to use the taxi (11%).

More respectful of the rules

María José Aparicio, deputy director of Training and Road Education of the General Directorate of Traffic, defended the "just" empowerment of women also when they drive because accident data show that "we are good drivers."

As she explained, in Spain, there are 27 million registered drivers, 42% are women. However, in 2019, of the 1,139 deceased drivers, 90% were men.

"Our behaviour is more respectful of the norm, something that is not only observed in the commission of infractions," she added. In this sense, she recalled the report on traffic accident victims produced annually by the Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, according to which 45.5% of the deceased drivers analysed had the presence of drugs of abuse or psychotropic drugs: only 5% were women.

Similar figures are also recorded in people who lose their driving licence due to loss of points (they must take awareness and re-education courses) or convictions for crimes against road safety. "Again, the presence of women is minimal," said Aparicio.

#EllasConducen

Midas has resumed this initiative after a few months of forced stoppage due to the pandemic. The objective of #EllasConducen is to end the clichés that surround women when it comes to driving. For this reason, they have chosen the motorcycle racer Ana Carrasco as the image of the campaign. Carrasco was the first woman to win a Supersport 300 grand prize.

In addition, the campaign also includes a social purpose since it includes a collaboration with the NGO Ayuda en Acción. Participating in the presentation of this study were Patricia Suárez, Midas Marketing Director; María José Aparicio, deputy director of Training and Road Education of the General Directorate of Traffic; Marta Marañón, representative of Ayuda en Acción, and the racer Ana Carrasco.

### More than 28% of Drivers in Fear of Driving

More than 28% of drivers suffer from amaxophobia, that is, fear of driving.



This affects men and women almost equally, although men are more reluctant to acknowledge it publicly. The CEA Foundation launched a specific group therapy 8 years ago, through which more than 500 drivers have already passed, 80% of whom have overcome their fear and have returned to driving safely, controlling each of the effects they suffer when they look at the wheel.

There are many victims who, after suffering a traffic accident, experience anxiety, stress, irritability and other symptoms, prey to the fear that they have developed to drive. Driving becomes difficult and sometimes, even impossible, many people need to use the car daily for professional or private reasons and, despite suffering amaxophobia and its consequences, they continue to drive regularly, becoming their own factor and unrelated to road safety risk.

All these circumstances have been highlighted in a digital conference organized by the CEA Foundation. Maribel Muñoz, head of the organisation of the free specific therapies of Fundación CEA, recalls that these specific therapies can be performed thanks to the aid received from institutions, companies, organizations and individuals and without these donations or contributions it is impossible to continue helping victims of traffic accidents who want to resume driving and therefore their lives normally.

Post-traumatic stress disorder

Ignacio Calvo, an expert psychologist in amaxophobia, has made known the different symptoms suffered when one is afraid to drive and how to work on them from group therapy to control them while driving. Amaxophobia for a traffic accident victim is a post-traumatic stress disorder, accidents being one of the most obvious causes of the development of this problem.

Jaime González, director of the CEA School of Driving and an expert in students with amaxophobia, states that people with this driving panic should resume their driving normally for their own good and for the good of road safety. It is important that drivers feel safe when driving, only then can they face adverse situations and avoid accidents and incidents in general.

### Seat Belt Reluctance

Last year, despite mobility restrictions due to the pandemic, almost 2,900 drivers were reported on two or more occasions in the same year for not wearing a seatbelt. This is a large number of repeat drivers and a number that has changed little in recent years.



A worrying fact if we take into account that, of the 870 people who died in 2020 in a traffic accident on interurban roads, 125 were not wearing a seatbelt (26%), and of the 2,797 people who needed to be hospitalised, 15 % weren´t belted up.

In addition to the number of lives that the belt saves each day, (there are reports that speak of more than a million since its introduction in 1958), it also significantly reduces the production of injuries and their severity.

The seat belt retains and prevents the human body from hitting hard surfaces in the event of an accident, therefore, when a person does not wear it and travels freely inside the vehicle, regardless of the seat they occupy, a simple braking causes a displacement of the body, a collision with the windshield or elements such as the dashboard or another passenger. At 50 kilometres per hour, the result of a collision is like falling from a second floor.

In fact, the impact itself can cause ruptures in internal organs. For example, a blow to the chest can fracture the ribs and turn them into blades on the lungs and stomach, just like the arteries or the bladder, it can also be broken by impact. All this without forgetting the possible injuries to the spine with the fatal consequences that they have.

If we wear the seat belt correctly, all these traumas are practically impossible.

What's behind the reluctance?

The first dissemination campaign carried out by the General Directorate of Traffic on the use of seat belts was at the beginning of the 70s. More than 45 years have passed, and we continue to insist on its use, because people still die who are not wearing a seat belt at the moment of an accident.

If the use of this safety device is known to be life insurance, why is there still a percentage of drivers who do not use it?

The reasons are varied: short journeys, only in the urban area, going slowly ... but the fact is that, in addition, traits such as overvaluing their abilities at the wheel, a general rejection of the rules or seeing only the punitive part of not take it and think that "we are not going to get caught."

The General Council of Psychology, through its Traffic and Safety Division, considers that behind those drivers who systematically violate the law there is an erroneous or diminished perception of reality, a lack of awareness about vulnerability and fragility in the face of an accident.

In addition, all of them tend to have in common a lack of acceptance of the rules that, not only is limited to the field of traffic, but to their life in general, with impulsive, impetuous behaviours that prevent them from reflecting on the consequences that their actions may have, behaviours for themselves and for the rest of the people who travel with him in the vehicle. The lifestyle we have, the stress in which driving takes place, generates a deficient attention that blocks the automatisms at the time of carrying them out. In short, people who prefer the small immediate reward that supposedly means avoiding minimal discomfort, to the huge deferred reward of a life of health, freedom and mobility.

### The Time Change, a Risk Factor

In the early hours of this Sunday, March 28, summer time comes into effect. The clocks must be advanced one hour (at 2:00 it will be 3:00), according to the community directive that forces the time change to make better use of the hours of sunshine. This sudden change in our routines can cause imbalances in our body, such as fatigue, sleep or distractions, which can have an impact, logically, on road safety.



Some of the symptoms described that can affect daily driving can appear for three to four days after the change because the pace of life remains the same even if the hours do not match. If you are prone to migraines or stress, be especially careful when driving the car, because you may be more sensitive to having episodes of pain.

It is important to follow a more or less stable schedule of meals and hours of sleep, always resting the recommended eight hours. Regarding diet, avoiding caffeine will help not to disrupt the body more. Especially if you plan to go on a trip in the next few days.

Drowsiness and accidents

Sleeping at the wheel is a circumstance that is related to a large number of traffic accidents, with daytime sleepiness the leading cause in 30% of these, especially in the professional sector. Drivers who present a high risk of accidents due to sleep are mainly drivers who work shifts, young people, those with sleep-related illnesses and those who drive under the influence of alcohol and / or drugs.

The most important alterations produced by drowsiness and affecting driving are: increased reaction time; less concentration and more distractions; slower decision making and more mistakes; motor, sensory and perceptual disturbances; more automated movements; appearance of micro-dreams; behaviour changes.

According to the First Report on Occupational Road Safety in Spain, prepared by the Royal Automobile Club of Spain (RACE), in collaboration with GAD3, employed workers think that stress (72%), as well as fatigue (67%) and mobile phone use (66%) are the main reasons for accidents. Self-employed workers coincide in the first two factors (83% in both), while long working hours are in third place (73%).

### DECLARACION AMISTOSA DE ACIDENTE – ACCIDENT STATEMENT

Our good friends at Coys Rent a Car have compiled a useful guide to completing the European Accident Statement Form.



COMPLETING AN ACCIDENT STATEMENT FORM

In the event of an accident it is very important that you and any other party or parties involved complete the accident statement form. Do not rush into completing the form, take your time as this will save any problems later. Use the back of the form to make any additional comments or statements.

 	Fecha del accidente (Date of Accident) – Insert the date and time that the incident happened.
 	Localizacion (Locality) – Enter the place and city of the incident.
 	Victima(s) incluso leve (s) (Injury even if slight) – If anyone is injured in any way mark ¨Si¨ in this box otherwise mark ¨no¨
 	Daños matariales (Material damage) – If any other vehicles other than those shown in the sections A & B are damaged mark ¨si¨otherwise mark ¨no¨ in the first box. If any objects other than vehicles (for example other property) is damaged mark ¨si¨in the second box otherise ¨no¨.
 	Testigos: nombre, direccion, tel (witness details) – If any party not involved in the accident witnessed it please obtain their name, address and contact number and enter in box.

The following boxes must be completed for each party involved (vehicle A and vehicle B). It does not matter which box is used for which vehicle. The following guide explains what to enter in the column relating to the vehicle you are driving.

 	Asegurado (Policy holder) – You should enter the full details of the Insurance policy holder
 	Vehicle (Vehicle) – Vehiculo a Motor refers to the vehicle, Remolque refers to any trailer, Marca, Modelo (make & model), Matricular (Registration number) Pais de Matricula (Spain)
 	Aseguradora (Policy Holder) – This information can be found on the insurance certificate.
 	Conductor (Driver) – This is the details of the driver. Nombre (Name), Apellido (Surname), Fecha de nacimiento (Date of Birth), Direccion (Address), País (Country), Telephone/Email (Mobile number and email address), Permiso de conducer Numero (Driving License Number), Categoria (B for car), Permiso valido hasta (License expiry date).
 	Indicar el punto de choque inicial con una fleche (Mark with an arrow the point of initial impact to the vehicle) – Mark ¨X¨where the initial impact happened.
 	Daños apreciados al vehiculo A/B (List and visual damage to the vehicle) – Not all damage can be seen but anything that is visible should be recorded.
 	Circunstancias (Circumstances) – Mark with an X in the box of each of the circumstances applicable to the incident.
 	Croquis del accidente en el momento de la colisión (Sketch a diagram of the scene of the accident in the moment of impact) – Also take photos of the location and damage to both parties or anything else involved.
 	Observaciones (Remarks) – Make any other applicable notes such as if the other party admits liability or any other information that you feel may be important.
 	Firma de los conductors (Signature of the drivers) – Both parties need to sign the form. Do not sign the form if you do not completely understand what you are signing.

### A Stormy Lesson

Storm Filomena was historic in every sense. Not only because it buried large areas of the centre of the peninsula under 60 centimetres of snow, but for the effort made by the State, autonomous communities, and municipalities to help those affected by the snowfall and bring back to normality to very wide areas of the national geography.



As with every major incident on the roads, there are lessons to learn, and Filomena was no exception. These are seven lessons that Filomena and her snowfall have taught the DGT.

1: LEFT LANE: FOR EMERGENCIES

One lesson from Storm Filomena and its historic snowfall - the biggest since 1971, according to Accuweather - is the importance of the left lane. Or more specifically, the importance of leaving that lane free in an emergency.

The DGT has learned to such an extent the need to keep the left lane free in the event of serious incidents, that, in the words of Pere Navarro –Director General of Traffic–, “we are studying including the obligation to leave the left lane free in certain cases of problems in the circulation” in a forthcoming modification of the Traffic Regulations.

2: ONLY ESSENTIAL DISPLACEMENTS: CHANGING THE MESSAGE

Pere Navarro, General Director of Traffic, commented, when taking stock of the episode of snowfall due to the storm Filomena, that “the message in which we ask citizens to stay at home and that they only make the essential movements, because it is not understood. It is the only way to understand that shopping malls were full of people on snow Friday until closing time”.

For this reason, the DGT will study how to specify this type of messages that are launched in the days prior to these episodes, so that they are clearer and more unequivocal.

3: THE IMPORTANCE OF WARNING ... TO PREPARE

It is summarised by a phrase from Civil Protection: "Anticipation is the best tool," in a statement. Thus, on December 31, 2020, AEMET (State Meteorological Agency), 8 days before the snowfall! Reported the arrival of the storm Filomena and announced the possibility of heavy snowfall. This note was ratified on January 3 and became a special notice on 5. In addition, on January 7 the alert was raised to red level in much of the Community of Madrid.

This early warning of the storm “allowed us –explains Jorge Ordás, deputy director of Mobility Management and Technology of the DGT– to prepare ourselves and have a greater capacity to react, reorganize and reinforce the troops”, with a modification of work shifts and days off of the essential maintenance personnel and control centres of the DGT. Also, the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil made a collection of the necessary material to face its services (vehicles with chains, shovels, salt ...) and the personnel to cover them.

On January 5, Civil Protection notified all the autonomous communities, brought together the Risk Assessment Unit –with AEMET, DGT and the General Directorate of Roads– and activated the pre-emergency phase of the State Emergency Plan –approved on 15 December.

For its part, the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda placed 1,300 snow ploughs and 3,000 operators at strategic points.

In addition, the AEMET notices were widely reported in the press and were repeated in numerous interviews with authorities (36) and government ministers and delegates (300), which contributed to many drivers preparing their vehicles or postponing their journeys. And, as a DGT mantra says, "an informed driver is a safer driver" and in this line, Jorge Ordás points out, "dissemination and communication are key."

4: IF YOU LEAVE THE VEHICLE: CONTACT

According to data from the emergency services SUMMA 112, about 1,500 vehicles had been stopped on the roads and highways in the Community of Madrid alone due to the storm Filomena on January 8 - and according to the Guardia Civil – there were more than 4,374 during the entire Filomena episode.

Many vehicles - whose occupants were transferred by the Guardia Civil with their vehicles to authorised places had to be removed by the Guardia Civil after cleaning the roads and taken to deposits –in Madrid, the transfer of a facility was negotiated with the City Council–, but it would have been easier for everyone to be able to notify the owners that they could remove them from where they had been trapped. The Guardia Civil should not have moved them nor should each owner go to the warehouse where they were left. The problem is that there was no way to contact them. For this reason, it is being evaluated how to articulate that, when a driver must abandon a vehicle on the road due to a justified circumstance, he must leave a contact telephone number visible from the outside.

5: PRIORITIES WHEN DISBURSING. TO AVOID COLLAPSES

The heavy snowfall caused by Filomena made clear the importance of logistics centres. In fact, the enormous flow of trucks coming and going to the logistics platforms for the distribution of goods was one of the main objectives of the measures to avoid the collapse of the roads.

Thus, the DGT and Guardia Civil allowed the passage of trucks on the roads that remained open or were being opened depending on the destination. “When we started to stop trucks”, explains Colonel Monzón, “we let those whose destinations were north, where the snowfall did not affect the roads, but we bagged those who went to the logistics platforms in Madrid”. Thus, the double objective of not interfering with the supply of areas not affected by the storm and not blocking roads affected by ice and snow was achieved. Monzón also highlights the importance of links: “On Sunday, the main roads in the most affected areas were clean, but it was necessary to keep trucks until the links with these roads could be cleaned, otherwise heavy vehicles could slip and collapse again. routes”.

Jorge Ordás - Deputy Director of Mobility Management of the DGT - highlighted the coordination effort necessary to carry out a disbursement with priorities, with more than 11,000 trucks stopped at 127 points: “They are disbursed depending on the destination and the state of the roads. This prevents the collapse from reproducing itself. For this, it is necessary to gather and manage the possible destinations, the state of the roads, etc.”

6: TRUCKS: RETAINING TO AVOID CHAOS

At its peak - and never better said with a snowfall - the Guardia Civil had collected, at the request of the DGT, just over 11,300 trucks, in a total of 127 areas, "with the coordination effort that this implies,– explains Jorge Ordás, DGT's Deputy Director of Mobility and Technologies –, but also to supply blankets, food, water and other urgent matters to the truckers”.

However, Ordás is satisfied with the result of the measure, since, he explains, “a stopped truck blocks a road”. "A car that stops - explains Benito Monzón, colonel of the Madrid Traffic sector of the ATGC - we can remove it, but a truck collapses the road". In addition, according to both those responsible, to move these vehicles you have to get to the place where a grua has stopped, stop many vehicles and move the truck, which with such a heavy snowfall and many cars stuck behind, complicates the operation.

“For this reason, as soon as the yellow level for snow was decreed, we decided to stop the trucks,” says Jorge Ordás. In addition, the Deputy Director of Mobility Management believes that it is better to carry out the bagging in the large winter road car parks (“because since then it is necessary to manage the arrival, departure and supplies of aid and food, it is more operative that they are few and large”), although when these were full it was necessary to use service areas and even gas station parking lots. He also believes that "they must be somewhat far from where the snowfall occurs, at least 50 kilometres before where the problems occur" , although this causes inconveniences: "The truckers, in the pockets, do not see snow and complain that they are being held back, they always have a friend who tells them that later on it has not snowed and there are pressures to allow them to continue traveling," explains Ordás.

7: DEPENDING ON THE PRODUCT: PRIORITY SHIPMENTS

Although the confinement decreed in March 2020 due to the Covid-19 pandemic already revealed how essential the transport of food and merchandise was, storm Filomena has highlighted the need to prioritise shipments. For example, the DGT established an order of priority when facilitating and allowing the passage, when a road was semi-clear, of certain transports. Thus, the transport of salt, fluxes and pharmaceutical products were among those determined as priorities, according to Jorge Ordás, deputy director of Mobility Management. And, of course, the shipments made of the vaccines against Covid-19, which were also in the first order of priority.

### Goodbye to the Triangle

In summer, the process will begin whereas we will begin to say goodbye to the traditional emergency triangles that have been with us since July 1999.



 

Emergency triangles are set to be replaced using a flashing orange light which, when fixed to the highest part of the vehicle, such as the roof, provides a more secure method of indicating that a vehicle is in trouble on the road. Officially, the lashing light is known as the V-16 signal.

The reasoning behind the change is that, according to data from the DGT (not counting Catalonia and the Basque Country), between 2019 and 2020, 28 pedestrians were killed on the road after getting out of their vehicle. To this figure, we must add the 4 people who died in the same circumstances that have already been counted until January 31, 2021.

How is it used?

In the event of an emergency situation such as a breakdown, the light is placed on the highest possible part of the vehicle. We thus guarantee maximum visibility. To place it, we do not need to get out of the vehicle or walk along the road avoiding traffic, as was the case up to now with triangles.

How do you find me?

The device incorporates a geolocation system that, once activated, sends the location of the stopped vehicle to the DGT 3.0 cloud every 100 seconds, so that this information reaches other drivers.

From when?

The use of the new devices comes into force on 1 July 2021; however we will still be able to use traditional warning triangles or a light without geolocation until 1 January 2026. From that date, the only thing allowed to signal incidents will be the light signal with geolocation.

Why has it changed?

The modification of the V-16 signal (official name, according to the General Vehicle Regulations) is included in the Royal Decree that regulates emergency services on public roads. Jorge Ordás, general deputy director of Mobility Management and Technology of the DGT, explains that the emergency triangles are removed due to the high number of fatal accidents that occurred when drivers left their vehicles to place or collect them after having suffered a mishap on the road.

What if I must get out of the vehicle?

According to the new regulations, “as a general rule”, we will leave the vehicle if there is a safe place off the road and always on the opposite side to the flow of traffic. If we cannot safely exit, we will wait for assistance inside the vehicle with our seat belt on.

### Behind the Wheel Take Care of Your Hearing

Every March International Hearing Day is celebrated, with the object of raising awareness of the importance of taking care of our hearing health. In fact, the World Health Organization (WHO), in its latest Report on Deafness and Hearing Loss, warns that, if preventive measures are not adopted, in less than 30 years, the number of people with hearing problems could reach 900 million people. In addition, according to data from the Alain Afflelou company, in Spain alone, more than a million people suffer from hearing loss. According to the WHO, the number of people with hearing problems reaches 5% of the world population.



In addition, this data is especially important among those over 65 years of age, where it is estimated that a third of them produce a disabling hearing loss - hearing loss greater than 40dB in the ear with better hearing in adults, and greater than 30dB in the best hearing ear in children.

Hearing loss can be due to congenital causes - diseases such as rubella, infections during pregnancy or inappropriate use of medications - or acquired - either due to diseases, trauma or exposure to noise or simple aging.

In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified noise pollution - one of the main sources of which is traffic - as the second biggest environmental problem in Europe - after air pollution by particles - with a proven impact on health: it causes stress, sleep problems, impaired cognitive abilities, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. According to the WHO, "one in five Europeans lives regularly exposed to noise levels that are harmful to health". For its part, the European Environment Agency (EEA) affirms that exposure to high levels of noise "generates a high risk to human health" and estimates that in Europe it causes 16,000 premature deaths a year and causes stress for 32 million adults and sleep problems for another 13 million. EEA estimates that noise from road traffic, the main source of noise pollution, affects more than 100 million people across the continent, of which 73 million live in urban areas.

Regarding Spain, EEA establishes that excessive noise levels affect the health of 12 million people during the day and 9.5 million at night, and road traffic is responsible for 80% of noise pollution in cities.

Rules, hearing and driving

The DGT (section 2 of Annex IV of the Royal Decree on psychophysical aptitudes to obtain or renew a driving licence) establishes two levels of combined hearing loss index for the two groups of licences. Thus, it requires that to drive there must not be a combined hearing loss between the two ears, with or without a hearing aid, greater than 45% for group 1 (AM, A1, A-2, A, B, B + E and LCC) and more than 35% for group 2 (C1, C1 + E, C + E, D1, D1 + E, D, D + E), obtaining the index of this loss through audiometry.

In addition, when a sensory deficit occurs, the DGT requires a compensatory mechanism based on enhancing the capacity of other sensory areas, such as vision. In the case of hearing loss, the use of exterior rear-view mirrors and a panoramic one inside the car are mandatory. This increases the driver's field of vision.

It also establishes that there should be no permanent evolutionary or intense balance alterations (vertigo, instability, dizziness, light-headedness) of otological or other origin.

Tips for the hearing impaired driver

Those who suffer from hearing problems and need to get behind the wheel:

- If you suffer from hearing loss and driving is part of your work activity, you should always check the arrangement and orientation of the rear-view mirrors of the vehicle you use to improve your field of vision and compensate for hearing loss.

- Avoid driving with the volume of the radio / music high, it will make it difficult to perceive the sounds emitted, both from the vehicle itself and from the outside.

- Drivers with hearing aids must respect the revisions and maintenance of the prostheses, avoiding that it may stop working or cause acoustic distortions. Before a change in the prostheses (different hearing aid model), avoid driving until you check that they adapt to the new one.

- After ear surgery, try not to drive for 3 to 4 weeks.

- Never drink alcoholic beverages while driving.

- Professional drivers on sick leave, or regular drivers at work, should know if they incur a legal problem while driving during the sick leave period.

- Patients undergoing treatment for balance disorders or dizziness should know that the medications prescribed for these pathologies can affect their ability to drive.

### Mi DGT App: One Year, New Features

miDGT, the application that the General Directorate of Traffic launched a year ago and that allows the driver or the owner of a vehicle to carry both the driving licence and the rest of the vehicle documentation with full legal validity throughout the national territory, has exceeded two and a half million downloads in one year.



The application is a commitment by the Agency to digitisation, by offering another way to communicate with the administration, more comfortable, faster and with the same guarantees as if it were done in person.

The application was launched at a time when the Coronavirus pandemic paralyzed the country and the application, originally, allowed various administrative procedures to be carried out, such as having the vehicle's electronic technical sheet, data consultation (ITV , insurance, environmental badge ...), consulting your points balance, updating the contact and address information that appears in the DGT records and receiving notices and alerts of interest.

Throughout these twelve months, work has continued and new functionalities have been incorporated such as requesting vehicle reports, buying rates, verifying official documents or sharing vehicle documentation.

In fact, since an improved version of the application with these new features was launched in November of last year, more than 220,000 citizens have consulted a basic report of a vehicle and more than 8,000 have acquired and downloaded a complete report, something that is always recommended if you intend to purchase a second-hand vehicle. In addition, more than 13,000 fees have been purchased to carry out different administrative procedures and on more than 8,000 occasions, documentation of a vehicle has been shared with another user of the application. This functionality, highly demanded by the users of the App and common in the case of family vehicles, allows a driver to carry all the digital documentation of the vehicle when he is not the owner. For this, the owner and driver must be miDGT users.

According to Miguel Martín, deputy director of IT Management of the DGT “miDGT is the spearhead of the digital transformation process of the DGT, by which over the next few months we will be renewing our portals and offering access to all our services and main procedures in a completely digital way”.

Soon ... new features

The DGT continues to work on new improvements that further facilitate the user experience and for this reason a new version will be launched in the coming weeks that will include, among other functionalities, the notice and payment of sanctions, the identification of the non-owner driver of the vehicle in case of complaint, the annotation of a regular driver and a usability improvement that simplifies access to the application.

In addition, throughout 2021 it is planned to also include access to the previous appointment or the completion of simple procedures, which are already available at the DGT's electronic headquarters, such as the consultation of exam notes, the temporary removal of vehicles or request duplicates of physical documentation, among others.

What do I need to download the app?

Before downloading the application, it is necessary to be registered in the cl@ve system, which is the secure identification platform to interact electronically with the General Administration of the State. Then proceed to the free download of the official application on both iOS and Android, with an intuitive and friendly design, to make it easier for citizens to find the information they want, as well as make it easy to access.

Once the user has been identified with cl@ve, successive accesses will be made with the fingerprint or the security pattern registered on the device. In addition, from that moment you can see your driving licence, as well as access the different functionalities that are offered to you.

The documentation in electronic support has the same validity as the document in physical support for Traffic purposes, but only in national territory, since abroad it will be necessary to carry said documents in physical form.

The agents of the authority will be able to know in real time the information that is provided in the mobile and verify by reading a single-use QR code generated by the application itself said information from the tablets carried by the agents and see updated information about permits and validity thereof. Driving licences on mobile phones incorporate visual markings to make fraud more difficult.

However, and despite the validity of the telephone support, it is recommended to carry the permits in physical format, since the verification of them on the mobile phone can only be done now by the agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil. Progressively, the DGT is providing the rest of the traffic surveillance bodies that request it with the necessary tools to verify these digital permits.

 

### The Pandemic and Mobility

The consequences of Covid-19 have also caused changes when it comes to mobility.



In fact, it may come as a surprise to find that the use of private vehicles and personal mobility (bicycles etc) has increased by + 35% and + 18%, respectively, while public transport has collapsed by -46% and taxis and VTC by -29%.

The figures are confirmed by the Safe and Sustainable Mobility Study of the Ponle Freno-AXA Study Centre, presented this week at an online press conference and in which the General Director of Traffic, Pere Navarro was present.

The director of the DGT explained that in Spain "there is a certain awareness of road safety" and the awareness-raising work of public institutions, together with private entities, has made it possible. "There is no ideology here. There is scientific evidence. You have to do what you have to do. We can copy what has gone well in other places and thus we are all moving forward," Navarro stressed.

On the other hand, he has indicated that journeys on foot "are going to be one of the main protagonists of the mobility to come. Because we are all pedestrians, because Spain has an increasingly aging population, because the elderly walk and vote. This condition will mark the political agenda for the next few years.

 

Produced by Kantar between September and October 2020 and with the collaboration of PONS Seguridad Vial, the report collects the perception of more than 4,000 drivers on travel habits and on aspects related to safe, sustainable, accessible, and connected mobility. Regarding the various alternatives to try to improve safety, reducing speed in cities would be clearly accepted: 62% would be in favour of limiting speed to 30km / h. However, there is not such a general opinion on the need to implement a greater number of radars, only 21% believe that it is insufficient, compared to 55% who consider that there are enough and 23% who believe that the number is excessive.

In general terms, the majority opinion about safety is that it has not evolved, improved, or worsened over the last year (65%). Only a quarter think they have improved, a figure that increases among the youngest (38%), while women are clearly more critical (13%), as in Catalonia (15%) and Madrid (18%).

Of those who think that it has worsened (11% of the drivers consulted), the distractions caused by the use of mobile devices, misuse of scooters, the lack of driver education and recklessness on the bike, as well as the so-called technological pedestrian (the person who walks using a technological device to speak, listen to music, etc.), represents a danger for 20% of drivers in the city.

 

The expectation on road safety is not at all positive. Speeding and short safety distance are the inappropriate behaviours most observed by drivers who have participated in this survey.

 

Another of the pending subjects that is perceived is the training of drivers, since only 29% believe that we leave well prepared to take the car after passing through driving schools, results that increase among the youngest (39%) , while among men (45%) and the age group 35-44 years (48%) there is a greater criticism in this regard. Therefore, there is a clear consensus on improving training: the need to use more audio-visual resources (73%), the training of technological and safety systems that vehicles incorporate (73%), the possibility of obtaining extra points after receiving courses on safe driving (70%) or establish a minimum of practical classes (68%).

 

With regard to sustainable mobility, one of the main conclusions is that 9 out of 10 think that vehicle pollution is an important or very important problem, although it is also true that the industry is for the interviewees the main factor that contributes to the pollution in cities (64% in the first option), followed by private vehicles (13%) and heating systems (9%).

In relation to the environmental label of vehicles, 1 in 2 say they do not have it - and of these, 54% do not want to put it on their vehicle - a figure that increases in Andalusia (61%), Aragón (70%), Balearic Islands (69 %), The Canary Islands (64%), Valencia (63%), Galicia (73%) and the Basque Country (71%). Only Madrid and Catalonia stand out for a higher degree of use of the label (79% and 68% respectively). Regarding the usefulness of labels, 70% highlight their use to reduce or restrict the mobility of certain vehicles, 60% to be aware of the degree of contamination of the vehicle, 64% as guidance to choose a car model and 55 % consider that its purpose is to collect money or to fine.

 

Regarding connected mobility, 1 in 2 believes that there is not enough information about traffic in real time, which could be solved with applications that help improve mobility and plan better and faster routes, to which drivers would be willing to transfer your personal data. In this sense, of the available apps, navigation systems are the most used (76%), followed by payment in regulated parking lots and the use of public transport (44%), compared to the minority use of both vehicle rental and parking. mobility aggregators, around 15%.

 

Finally, when asked about the confidence that, in the future, private vehicles without a driver offer them, 48% say they would not use it, compared to 28% who say they would go for this type of vehicle, raising the percentage to 35% among young people (18-34 years).

### More Professionals Exceed Driving Times

In the most recent Europe-wide surveillance campaign which focussed on professional drivers, the Guardia Civil controlled 17,727 vehicles, from which 5,076 truck drivers and 131 bus drivers were denounced for not complying with some of the precepts of the regulations relating to professional drivers. In addition, 90 trucks were immobilised for different reasons attributed to the driver or the vehicle and were prevented from continuing due to road traffic safely.



As usual, the most numerous offenses have been those caused by excess driving hours, which now account for more than 13% of the total, compared to 10% in the previous season. Specifically, traffic officers have processed 2,417 complaints for violations related to driving times (2,388 for trucks and 29 for buses) and 314 for issues related to the tachograph (300 trucks and 14 buses).

It should be remembered that not respecting the driving and rest times increases the risk of suffering or causing an accident since it can generate fatigue and distractions and can be classified as a minor, serious, or very serious infraction depending on the percentage of excess in driving times or in the reduction of breaks.

There is also a slight increase in both the number of complaints for speeding, with 160 drivers traveling at speeds higher than the permitted speed, of which 158 were truck drivers, and those relating to documentation, the vehicle, or the driver, which suppose that 992 drivers (924 trucks and 68 buses) circulated with administrative irregularities.

On the contrary, both complaints of excess weight and poor cargo arrangement decreased (604, of which 601 were for trucks and 3 for buses), as well as for infractions related to seat belts and other safety devices (125 trucks and 3 buses).

The number of truck drivers testing positive for drugs (15 in 2021 vs. 17 in 2020) and alcohol (9 vs. 11) has also decreased, while none of the bus drivers tested positive for these substances.

### Scooters: Serious Injuries at 25km / h

A collision with an electric scooter, even at only 25 kilometres per hour, against a pedestrian or a vehicle can cause serious injuries.



This is the main conclusion of the report, 'Crash-tests of electric scooters, associated risks and recommendations for safe use', carried out by Fundación MAPFRE in collaboration with CESVIMAP and which includes the results of two crash tests, based on previous simulations by computer.

"The objective is to raise awareness of the possible risks of VMP (Personal Mobility Vehicles) abuse and to provide our support to manufacturers to improve the design of these vehicles and make them safer," explained José María Cancer, director of CESVIMAP.

Crash tests

In the first test, a mannequin on a scooter hits a car laterally, at a speed of 25 kilometres per hour. The analysis of the collision establishes that the most affected area is the head of the scooter rider, but the cervical area is also exposed to a high risk, which can suffer whiplash in the moment after the collision, after hitting the head against the ground. "The parts of the head not protected by the helmet, such as the face, are the ones that suffer the most damage in this accident", highlights Jorge Ortega, coordinator of the report.



In the second test, the scooter dummy runs over a pedestrian child who suffers the most serious personal injuries: serious injuries to the knee, thorax, and head, which usually impact first, violently against the steering column of the scooter, and then against the ground.



It also affects the shoulders, where the weight of the driver and the scooter itself falls on when it hits the asphalt. For the driver, the risk of injury is reduced by 'landing' on the body of the hit pedestrian.

"The data extracted from these tests has provided very valuable information on direct and indirect damages" , they affirm from Fundación MAPFRE, which has carried out these crash tests with an innovative towing device for VMPs, bicycles and motorcycles (with or without dummies).

More accidents

The report also highlights the growing use of personal mobility vehicles in recent years and collects unofficial accident data obtained by the media: in 2020 there were more than 100 traffic accidents with victims with scooters (24 more than in 2019), with 109 people slightly and seriously injured (26 more than in 2019) and 6 deaths (1 more than the previous year). Most of the victims were between 16 and 35 years old.

Almost all claims occur in towns or cities (98%) and specifically, in vehicle lanes (66%). And they happen, mainly, as a result of collisions (60%), accidents (20%) and falls (19%). Cars (66%), pedestrians (11%), vans (8%), trucks and buses (7%) and bicycles (6%) are involved in these accidents, which are suffered mainly by people between 16 and 35 years old.

The factors that most influence a fatal accident are driving without a helmet (40%), recklessness committed by other vehicles (20%), and driving on interurban roads (20%).

"Currently, a third of those affected by this type of accident suffer head injuries that require admission to Intensive Medicine Units," explained Fundación MAPFRE.

On a scooter, safely

The MAPFRE Foundation recommends taking these measures into account to circulate safely on scooters and other personal mobility vehicles (VMP):

- Always use a helmet and reflective vest or high visibility clothing.

- Circulate on bike lanes and zones 30.

- Respect traffic signs at all times.

- Do not invade the sidewalks and get off the scooter when crossing a pedestrian crossing.

- Do not use your foot as a brake to avoid injuries and do not use devices to listen to music.

- Maintain the correct pressure of the tires and carry out proper maintenance of the scooter.

### Local Mobility and Safety Plans Published

The DGT has launched a viewer on its website, dgt.es, which compiles practically all the plans and strategies that address road safety aspects at the national, regional, provincial, or local level.



All the provincial traffic headquarters in Spain have collaborated in this work and an attempt will be made to keep it updated with new strategies and plans that appear or that have not been known in this first version.

In the viewer, more than 80 safe mobility plans and strategies of autonomous communities, provincial councils, and town councils of all areas of Spain are compiled, which the DGT makes available to the public, redirecting the user to the area on the website where said document is located.

In addition, now that the draft Law on Climate Change proposes that municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants should introduce urban planning to reduce emissions due to mobility, this initiative seeks to facilitate those responsible for implementing plans for safe mobility of a tool that allows you to learn about other experiences in areas larger or similar to yours; at the same time that it provides citizens with existing mobility plans in their environment (city council, province or autonomous community). With this work, the DGT facilitates and coordinates plans and policies related to road safety and safe mobility and, at the same time, places as a reference and methodological guide to develop road safety plans.

How to access

Accessing the information is as simple as clicking on the link on the dgt.es website and then selecting on the map the region for which we want to consult the plan and the type of area (regional, provincial, or local). Once this is done, the existing documents and the document format are displayed, after which all you have to do is click on the link to the original website where you can download it to consult or save it.

Municipalities, fundamental

As the philosophy of the Safe System points out, improving road safety implies actions and changes at many levels. At the global level, international standards and regulations are critical to motivating changes at the national level. At the national level, the responsibility is to establish priorities, develop strategies, develop regulations ... the implementation of measures occurs at different levels.

The experience of the last decade of work on safe mobility strategies has shown the importance of involving the territorial authorities closest to the citizen in this field, especially municipalities, to improve road safety. Indeed, road safety improvements, to be effective, must be tailored to the context and environment and circumstances. And along these lines, in addition, the DGT plans to update the catalogue of Urban Measures this year, a reference document in this area.

### Airbags for Motorcyclists Campaign

The Asociación Nacional de Empresas del Sector de Dos Ruedas (Anesdor), an association which is formed of companies working in the two-wheeled motoring sector, along with the Real Automóvil Club de España (RACE), have launched a campaign which focusses on the use of airbags for motorcyclists.



The campaign, accompanied by the hashtag #PonteUnAirbag, aims to raise awareness among motorcycle and moped users of the advantages of wearing a vest or a jacket with an airbag.

As both RACE and Anesdor have underlined in the presentation ceremony, motorcyclists are vulnerable users in traffic and their road safety should be a "priority" on the social agenda. For this reason, the jackets with airbags have stood out, which protect the torso, vital organs, and the cervical area in the event of an accident. This campaign has had the collaboration of the general director of Traffic, Pere Navarro, the president of Dorna, the company in charge of organizing the world motorcycling championships and with the image of the motorcycling champion Jorge Martínez Aspar.

Among the conclusions, it stands out that seven out of ten respondents know about motorcycle airbags, but only 4% use them regularly, 5% occasionally and 91% have never used these protection elements, has lamented the president of RACE, Carmelo Sanz. The general secretary of Anesdor, José María Riaño, has highlighted the "great importance" of the airbag for motorcyclists, "an accessible reality in the market that has great potential to reduce injuries in the event of an accident".

Airbag protection

The RACE in support of this campaign has produced a study in which the effectiveness, in an impact test, of three different types of airbags for motorcyclists has been propagated. In all three cases, the airbag deployed before the manikin hit the vehicle (in less than 120 milliseconds).



Deceased motorcyclists

In the words of Pere Navarro, during 2020 there were 870 deaths on all roads. Over the weekend in Spain there were more than 900 from coronavirus ... which gives an idea of ​​the magnitude of the dramas. The DGT will not use 2020 as a road safety reference because it has been very rare. But in 2019, 416 motorcyclists died, 11 percent more than in 2018, and since 2014, the number of victims has increased every year, and 220 of them on a secondary road, most of them on weekends, off the road, with somewhat old motorcycles. Motorcycles in Spain are 19 percent of vehicles and 27 percent of accidents, hence the interest of the DGT in improving the safety of motorcyclists.

Bikers opinion

The RACE has prepared a survey, with 1,330 online interviews of drivers over 18 years of age, conducted between July 14 and 22 of last year. In it, 7 out of 10 respondents are aware of the existence of motorcycle airbags. Regarding which systems with airbags are, jackets are the best known to motorcyclists, with 3 out of 4 motorists knowing these garments, followed by neck protectors with airbags with 61% and harnesses with airbags with the same. We have seen how 3 out of 4 motorcyclists know about the protective jacket with incorporated airbag, but only 4% of those surveyed use them regularly or always, so the level of use of these systems is not very widespread today.

### Slow Down

In 2019, inappropriate speed was present in 6,049 road accidents, 8% of the total. In addition, 298 of them had fatalities, which represents 23% of all accidents. These data show that driving too fast continues to cause many casualties on the road.



The generic maximum speed limits are set out in article 48 of the General Traffic Regulations: 120 kilometres per hour on motorways and 90 on conventional roads for cars and motorcycles (the latter came into force in January 2019). For buses, trucks, and other vehicles the limits are lower.

However, as explained by the General Directorate of Roads of the Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda (MITMA), it is not possible to travel at the maximum speed in all sections of a road. In some of them, the regulations reduce these limitations to precisely guarantee that driving and possible braking continue to be "in conditions of comfort and safety", as stated in Technical Instruction 3.1-Ic.

This standard includes a mathematical formula that sets what the maximum speed should be on a certain section of road. It considers variables such as the driver's perception and reaction capacity, the vehicle's braking capacity, the coefficient of friction and the geometric visibility of the road, among others.

 

Speed ​​reductions are applied in three cases, included in article 7 of Standard 8.1-Ic on Vertical Signalling:

 	When visibility decreases. As, for example, on bends.
 	At road crossings, even when you have priority. From the General Directorate of Roads, they explain that "there must be sufficient visibility so that drivers who circulate on the road that has priority can stop their vehicle in case another vehicle is crossing it unexpectedly".
 	For road safety reasons. The conditions of the road, the state of the road, weather conditions, a greater presence of heavy vehicles (trucks) or frequent retentions "may make it advisable to establish values ​​that increase the safety of all users".

 

The maximum speed at which we can travel on a road is also reduced if work is carried out in a section, as regulated by the Road Standard 8.3-Ic on Works Signalling.

 

Crossings

The generic speed on crossings is 50 kilometres per hour. However, depending on the configuration of the population, and with the prior agreement of the owner of the road and the municipal authority, this limit may be reduced or increased. This change “must be adjusted to the type of crossing, the urban configuration of the population crossed, the type of traffic supported by the road (long or short distance, number of heavy vehicles, average daily intensity, etc.), and fundamentally to the degree of coexistence between motorised traffic and vulnerable users ” , explains Pedro Tomás, Head of the Mobility Management Area of ​​the DGT. Also remember that the only safe speed of movement in the case of coexistence between pedestrians and cyclists with motorised traffic is 30 kilometres per hour.

### The Movement of our Eyes

We do not realise it, but the ability to see well, something fundamental when we drive, depends largely on eye movements. A study by a research group of the INTRAS (University Institute for Traffic and Road Safety Research), published in the scientific journal Plos One, has shown that it may be feasible to apply a test used up to now in the clinical field, the ADEM (Development of Eye Movements for Adults) to detect visual impairments, both in obtaining and in the renewal of the driving licence.



According to those responsible for the research, this test, which measures and studies eye movements, can be "a practical, inexpensive and easily applied tool" to evaluate drivers and "detect deficiencies in saccadic efficiency that could have an effect detrimental to driving performance."

The research wanted to relate eye movements to driving and assess their importance. And the results show that drivers perform "significantly better" on the ADEM test than non-drivers.

According to the researchers, this study aimed to “evaluate and compare the results of drivers and non-drivers in the ADEM test, taking into account a set of driving parameters (experience, exposure to risk, and daytime and night-time difficulty) and the demographic variables (age, gender, academic level) as possible predictors of test performance".

Almost 80% of the information we receive in our day to day comes to us through our eyes. When we drive, seeing well is essential. In fact, a recent study by ophthalmology experts from the University of Helsinki (Finland) shows that almost 24% of road accidents are related to a failure to observe or loss of visual attention.

So far, eye movements related to driving have not been studied or measured, among other things, because there was no test that assessed them (a gold standard). Thus, most countries only require primary eye health exams to obtain or renew a driving licence.

In this research, there were 302 healthy people (between 20 and 86 years old), who completed a self-reported questionnaire and an ADEM test. Of these, 214 were drivers (70.9%).

What are eye movements?

We hardly perceive them, but it is the eye movements that allow us to observe both static and moving objects. As its name indicates, they are the movements that each eye performs separately.



They are controlled by three pairs of muscles: the medial and lateral rectus, the superior and inferior rectus, and the superior and inferior obliques. Visual problems are often caused by poor coordination when performing eye movements.

Eye movements are classified into three types:

Saccades. They are the rapid and intermittent movements that the eyes make and that allow us to complete the scene we are seeing as clearly as possible. Saccadic refers to a "sudden jolt", so we do not realise that it occurs.

Fixation or tracking movements. Thanks to them we can continue to see the objects that are moving.

Movement convergence. They are coordinated movements that allow the point of view to be deviated simultaneously. In this way, we can continue to focus on objects even if they are zoomed in or out.

All these movements are related to each other. For example, when we read, we make very quick movements over the text (saccades) and small stops to read and understand each word (fixation).

### The Mini Eye in the Sky

Since 2019, the DGT has used eleven drones to monitor, control and manage traffic. They are primarily intended for traffic surveillance and, according to the rules that regulate its operation, “in particular through these systems, the following will be intensified: surveillance in risky sections; those aimed at the protection of vulnerable users of roads in transit, in particular, cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians; monitoring distractions while driving; and speed controls”.



Three drones have the technical report from the Spanish Metrology Centre to monitor traffic and detect violations, while the remaining 8 are used to monitor and regulate traffic.

In fact, between January to August 2020, the drones –which have flown more than 430 hours: 316 for surveillance and 55 for regulation– had captured 220 infractions, the majority for not respecting road priority (28%). They also highlight the incorrect use of seat belts (16%), the use of the mobile phone behind the wheel (12%) or not respecting the longitudinal markings of the road (12%). A clear example in the protection of vulnerable people is that 4% of the infractions captured by drones are for overtaking cyclists without respecting the minimum safety distance.

This is how it works, step by step

1: CHOOSE THE SECTION TO WATCH

Based on their data, the provincial heads of the DGT and the subsectors of the Traffic Group of the Civil Guard, are the ones who determine which sections would need drones to monitor the movement. With these data, and taking into account the limitations due to security reasons (uncontrolled airspace, far from aerodromes and airports, possibility of parking a unit to carry out the control ...), a list of mission areas and a calendar of dates and sections is created.

2: A SAFE LAUNCH BASE

Once the point to be monitored with the drones has been determined in advance and in accordance with the Provincial Traffic Headquarters, a point close to the section to be monitored is chosen where the van of the Air Media Unit (UMA) can be safely parked. There, said unit deploys a windsock –to control the direction and speed of the wind, which can affect the flight–, and marks a security perimeter on the ground where the drone will take off and land.

3: ASSEMBLE AND CHECK

The next step is to assemble the drone (which travels disassembled and protected) and to check the operation and calibration of the device and the cameras that will serve to monitor the road and capture and record possible infractions. Afterwards, it is located in the safety area for take-off and, once the battery is installed - with a flight autonomy of about 20 minutes, depending on the characteristics of the flight and the weather - the device is ready to undertake the mission.

4: TWO OPERATORS

The two operators involved in the surveillance make the drone take off, which on its flight will not cross the road - unless expressly authorised - nor will it fly above 120 meters, or near strategic places - airfields, airports, security facilities ... - and always in the pilot's field of vision. The drone is always operated by an accredited pilot who controls the flight; the camera can be controlled and managed either by an official of the UMA or by an agent of the Traffic Group of the Civil Guard, which determines the way of notifying the fine.

5: FLYING AND OBSERVING

Then begins the most difficult part of the mission. The drone flies over the vicinity of the road at the point or points where surveillance is requested - for example, in our specific case it was a crossing regulated by a Stop sign. Meanwhile, the camera operator is dedicated to observing and monitoring the manoeuvres of the drivers, whose infractions are recorded on computer media in the equipment that moves the Air Resources Unit.

6: NOTIFY THE COMPLAINT

Depending on the availability, or not, a patrol of the Traffic Group of the Civil Guard is located in the vicinity of the guarded road and, in the event of an infraction, following the instructions of the drone camera operator, stops the responsible driver and notifies them of the opening of the sanctioning file on site. Naturally, except in cases where it is impossible to do so determined by the corresponding regulations.

### New Speed Limits in Towns and Cities

Following a preparation period, allowing local authorities time to adapt the infrastructure in towns and cities, new generic speed limits will soon come into force throughout Spain.



The new limits are as follows:

On roads with no height difference between the road and the sidewalk (single platform), the limit will be 20 kilometres per hour.

On roads with a single lane in each direction, 30 kilometres per hour.

On roads with two or more lanes in each direction, 50 kilometres per hour.



The aim of these changes is to move towards a new city model, improve coexistence between the different road users and reduce the number of deaths that occur in urban areas.

According to experts, reducing city speed from 50 kilometres per hour to 30 kilometres per hour reduces the risk of dying due to being hit by five times.

According to data from the DGT's National Road Safety Observatory, in 2019, the accident rate on interurban roads fell by approximately 6%. This same percentage is the one that increased on urban roads, especially among vulnerable groups (pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists).

Specifically, last year, 519 people died in a traffic accident on an urban road. Of these, 427 were vulnerable, which represents 82% of the total (247 pedestrians, 32 cyclists, 22 were on a moped and 126 were motorcyclists).

### Pedestrians Watch Out!

We are a fundamentally a visual society. In fact, 80% of the information we receive comes through the eyes. This is especially relevant when driving a vehicle or traveling on foot. However, the most frequent phrase after a road traffic incident is that "I did not see it", a phrase many of us have uttered at some point.



According to a recent study carried out by several ophthalmology experts at the University of Helsinki (Finland), almost 24% of road incidents are related to a failure of observation or loss of visual attention.

In this sense, Andrés Gené, president of the College of Opticians-Optometrists of the Valencian Community and a researcher attached to INTRAS, recalls that "the most critical hours" for road accidents are precisely "when the light decreases" , that is, dawn or dusk, which shows the importance of vision. "A low visual capacity limits perceptions, causing an inadequate vision of signs and elements of the road, distractions and calculation errors", adds Gené.

"Poor vision limits life in general," explains Salvador Alsina, president of Vision and Life, an association that since 1955 has brought together optics and ophthalmology professionals. But, he adds, when we are pedestrians, we must be aware that “when facing the street, having difficulty distinguishing the traffic light, being able to see how a car or bicycle is approaching, its speed, and calculate the distance, are issues that can put our lives at risk”.

And the data shows that pedestrians are vulnerable road users. In 2019, 381 pedestrians died on Spanish roads (134 on interurban roads and 247 on urban roads), 22% of the total traffic victims registered that year.

Along these lines, Dr. Gené points out two particularly sensitive population groups as pedestrians: those over 70 and young people. In both cases, they suffer loss of visual attention, something very dangerous when traveling on the road. The former, due to their age, have lost their visual ability and "sometimes they don't see the bus coming," he says. The latter, for their part, tend to be "distracted and crazy."

The youngest are of particular concern because, as Elisenda Ibáñez, optician-optometrist and Vision and Life coordinator explains, "we are facing the generation with a longer life expectancy, a very high mobility capacity and great preparation", but they have "much worse vision than their ancestors”. According to the data, 63.5% of young university students are myopic.

The 20/20 away rule

Optician-optometrists insist on the importance of preventing eye fatigue from the use of digital devices. When we focus our gaze on a screen, blinking is significantly reduced, so the eye dries out (to see well, the ocular surface must be perfect). In addition, the tear also reduces with age, something that, for hormonal reasons, reaches women (40-45 years) earlier than men (50-55 years). To alleviate this situation, experts recommend the use of artificial tears. In any case, they insist on the 20/20 / far rule: every 20 minutes in front of a screen, rest 20 seconds and look into the distance.

### Spain Consolidates Its Leadership in Connected Vehicles

Through the General Directorate of Traffic, Spain has strengthened its commitment to the connected vehicle, with its participation in the ecosystem of the multi-party agreement Data for Road Safety in which car manufacturers, information service providers authorities and road traffic authorities of the EU Member States are committed to exchanging long-term safety data to make roads safer.



This agreement, backed by the European Commission and in which the vehicle manufacturers participate: Audi AG, BMW AG; Ford Smart Mobility Ltd; Mercedes Benz AG; Volvo Cars and Scania and the traffic authorities of the United Kingdom, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Austria, Holland and Finland, in addition to Spain, represents a step forward in the mobility of the future, in which connectivity between vehicles and traffic managers it will be essential to warn drivers about incidents that may be encountered while traveling.

The Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, said “the connected vehicle is the future of road safety; you will receive a warning of what you are going to find on the road before you can see it. We have to take advantage of the opportunities that technology offers us." According to Jorge Ordás, Deputy Director of Mobility and Technology of the DGT “Spain´s participation in the Data for Road Safety group means that connected mobility is a reality on our roads and streets, being able to improve everyone's safety road users”.

Anonymous data exchange

For the exchange of information, the members of the Data for Road Safety have created an ecosystem of traffic information related to Safety (SRTI) based on a reciprocity model in which the anonymized data that is exchanged will represent a safety service for drivers, by helping them to make decisions while driving and thus save lives.

A first demonstration of the functioning of this ecosystem was carried out between June 2019 and October 2020 with a test in which tens of millions of messages were provided and in which the vehicles demonstrated that they are capable of producing data for five of the eight categories of the proof of concept established in the EU Regulation 886/2013: unprotected accident zone, damaged vehicle, temporary slippery road, reduced visibility and exceptional weather conditions.

DGT 3.0

In line with reaching the goal of 0 deaths, 0 injured, 0 congestion and 0 emissions, the DGT has enabled what they call DGT 3.0, the smart mobility platform, a unique, free and truthful provider of information in real time about what is happening on the roads, information of great value for the entire mobility ecosystem in the national territory, thus providing safer and smarter mobility.

According to Ordás “in the last two years we have developed a loT platform that allows interconnection between all the actors that are part of the traffic and mobility ecosystem, such as: vehicle manufacturers, public transport platforms, city councils, insurance companies, device manufacturers connectivity, roadside assistance vehicles, providers of applications related to safe and intelligent mobility and the different road users”.

Currently, six use cases are being worked on to transmit information:

Generic incident alert provided by a third party (stopped vehicle, crane on the road, accident, narrowing, closed road, sporting event, adverse weather conditions ...)

Planned works, work in progress in real time: lanes affected ...

Forecast of information provided by the vehicle sensors (fog lights, windscreen wiper activation, warnings, ESP ...). V2V (V2C).

Virtual variable messages such as detours, alternative routes, reversible lanes, retentions ...

Virtual variable messages: identification of areas and roads with access restrictions to cities, detours, alternative routes, reversible lanes, traffic jams ...

Real-time traffic light information on the phases of urban traffic lights for the entire national territory and the topology of the crossings that will help make driving more relaxed and efficient, with greater protection for vulnerable users.

The V-16 signals, which will replace the warning triangles on the road, will be connected to the platform and will allow the rest of the vehicles to be informed of the exact point where this signal is active.

Currently this intelligent mobility platform is fully deployed with several use cases in production and new ones in development.

### 870 People Have Lost Their Lives On The Road

Despite a reduction in traffic, there were still 797 fatal incidents on interurban roads during 2020, in which 870 people have died and another 3,463 required hospital admission, which represents a 21% decrease in the number of accidents and deaths (-213 accidents and - 231 deaths) and a decrease of -22% in seriously injured (-970).



It is the lowest death toll in history and the first time that the number of deaths on interurban roads is less than 1,000, a fact that must be framed in the context of the Coronavirus pandemic that has reduced mobility by 25% and consequently the road accident rate.

The Interior Minister, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, presented the 2020 Road Accident Balance, pointing out that the figures are not a merit of the Government or the drivers, but of the pandemic that has conditioned everything. The Minister stressed, "We are aware of this situation, and in the Road Safety Strategy 2021-2030 in which the General Directorate of Traffic is already working and which will be the roadmap to try to achieve the ambitious objective set by the European Union of reducing by 50% of the deceased and seriously injured in the decade, the reference year will be that of the deceased in 2019, since 2020 is not representative”.



During 2020 there were 321 million long-distance trips, which represents a reduction of 25%, less than the previous year, that is, 106 million fewer movements by road.

This decrease has been greater on weekends (-35.5%) than on weekdays (-20.8%) and in light vehicles (-29.40%) than in heavy vehicles (-2.6%), since the latter have continued to supply the entire population, even during the harshest period of the pandemic.

Since March (included), the deceased have decreased every month except September (+ 1%).

The maximum decreases in the death toll were recorded in April (-59%) and May (-50%), equivalent to the largest decreases in mobility of the year (-75% and -60%, respectively).

The smallest decreases in the number of deaths occurred in July (-3%), August (-11%), and October (-8%)

The number of vehicles has increased by 1%, reaching 34.8 million vehicles and the census of drivers has decreased by 0.7, leaving 27.1 million drivers.

Evolution of the decade

Between 2010 and 2020, the number of deaths has decreased by 49.7%. In the same period, the number of long-distance movements has decreased by 18.5%, while the number of vehicles and the number of drivers have increased by 11.9% and 5.2%, respectively.

670 people died in traffic accidents that took place on conventional roads, 127 less than in 2019. Despite the decline, this type of road continues to be the most dangerous and where the highest number of fatalities are registered (77% of the total deceased).

On high-capacity roads, 200 people have died on motorways, compared to 304 in 2019. The deaths on these roads account for 23% of the total deaths.

The percentage of deaths due to vehicles leaving the road increases from 39% in 2019 to 44% in 2020.

It should be noted that during the first state of alarm, 61% of those who died in fatal accidents occurred on road exits (compared to 40% of the average of the last five years between March 15 and June 20).

Through travel, vulnerable users are the ones with the greatest decrease in 2020 with -29% compared to the average decrease of 21% of the deceased. Motorcyclists have reduced their accident rate by -34% with 189 deaths, 97 less than in 2019.

It is also noted that 1 person died travelling in a coach, which confirms the safety of passenger transport in Spain.

During the first state of alarm, trucks of more than 3,500 kg were the only means of transport in which their accident rate increased on the road (18 deaths in 2020, compared to 11 in 2019), and they went from representing 3% of the total of deaths on interurban roads between January 1 and March 14 to 15% during the state of alarm.

Smaller decrease in deaths among young people aged 15 to 24 years and in the group aged 55 to 64 years with -15% in both groups. The greatest decreases are registered in the age groups 45 to 54 years (-26%), 25 to 34 years (-23%), over 64 years (-23%), and up to 14 years (19 to 7 deceased)

The non-use of seat belts among those who died in cars and vans is increasing. 26% of the deceased did not use a seat belt (125) compared to 22% in 2019. If they had used a seat belt, half of these deceased could have been saved.

During the state of alarm, the non-use of seat belts among the deceased in cars and vans significantly worsened compared to 2019: 36% of the deceased did not use it, compared to 20% in 2019.

The use of helmets among motorcyclists increased: 2% of the deceased did not use it (6), compared to 4% in 2019. In the case of cyclists, 13 of the 36 deceased did not wear a helmet.

Deaths decrease in all autonomous communities, with the exception of Castilla-La Mancha (+16 deaths compared to 2019), Illes Balears (+1 deceased compared to 2019), Cantabria (without variation compared to 2019), and Ceuta and Melilla (1 more deceased). The greatest percentage reductions among the communities with more than 10 deaths in 2020 are registered in: Community of Madrid (from 90 to 44 deaths), Canarias (from 39 to 22), Catalonia (from 175 to 105), Asturias (from 21 to 13) and the Basque Country (from 38 to 25).

In readiness of the entry into force of the application of 30 km / h on the roads of a single lane in each direction in cities on May 11, the DGT has prepared a document with recommendations for municipalities, which also provides answers to the doubts and cases that local administrations have been raising in this regard.

Creation of a working group with the main municipalities to discuss the organization and discipline of personal mobility vehicles in cities, based on accumulated experience. Since January 2, these vehicles are classified as vehicles and their drivers are obliged to comply with the rules like other drivers. In this working group, issues such as the use or not of a helmet, reflective vest, minimum age to drive, will be discussed ...

The figures presented are provisional and only refer to fatal accidents that occurred on interurban roads and victims registered up to 24 hours after the accident occurred. Grande-Marlaska has indicated that it will be necessary to wait to have the definitive figures already consolidated in which the victims within 30 days of accidents that occurred on urban and interurban roads will be included to have a complete x-ray of the road accident rate.

### Forgetting the Rules

Has the Covid-19 pandemic changed your driving habits? According to the study presented by Autopistas, many drivers have adapted their driving, but not for the better, increasing speed, forgetting indicators, and not respecting safety.



More speed

The study has shown that 58% of light vehicles and 53% of heavy vehicles travel on motorways above the maximum speed limits. Let's remember that these limits are 120 kilometres per hour for light vehicles, 90 kilometres per hour for heavy vehicles and 100 kilometres per hour for coaches.

This has led to an increase in the average speed, taking into account all vehicles: it has gone from 111.8 kilometres per hour to 112.6 kilometres per hour. The highest speeds are recorded on weekends.

Indicators matter

The report also revealed an alarming fact: how little we use indicators when we are going to overtake or change lanes. Almost 75% of drivers do not correctly signal these manoeuvres, despite the fact that it is mandatory.

Better, at a distance

The regulations require driving while respecting a minimum safety distance, something that 15% of light vehicles do not comply with, according to the Autopistas report.

The mobile, a danger

The study also determines that more than 3% of drivers continue to use a mobile phone while driving. Standing for an hour at any point on the highway, we can see up to 35 people with their mobile in hand while they are behind the wheel.

We must not forget

Knowing the results of this study serves as a reminder that driving at an inappropriate speed increases the probability of dying or suffering serious injuries in the event of an accident. It also limits our ability to react to any unforeseen event. It is the so-called "tunnel effect": the faster we go, the more our field of vision is reduced, so we also decrease our ability to anticipate.

Regarding the use of turn signals, Autopistas emphasises that it is mandatory to signal any manoeuvre that we are going to carry out, as stated in the General Traffic Regulations. Not using the indicators carries a financial penalty of 200 euro.

The regulations also oblige us to keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front of us, which guarantees us to be able to brake in the event of an unforeseen event without risk of collision.

The mobile phone can be a great ally for driving or a dangerous enemy with fatal consequences. In this sense, Autopistas reminds us that using the telephone while driving causes us a triple distraction: visual, cognitive, and manual. For example, dialling a number on the phone when we drive at 120 kilometres per hour means that we will blindly travel more than 400 meters (about 4 football fields). This distance increases if, instead of a call, we write a message. According to the data, around 30% of traffic accidents are caused by distractions.

Although the use of seat belts has become widespread in recent years, Autopistas consider it necessary to continue insisting it is used because it reduces, by half, the risk of death in the event of an accident. It should be remembered that last summer, 27% of people who lost their lives in a traffic accident were not wearing their seat belts.

 

### International Driving Permits

As part of the new rules governing Brexit, holders of UK issued driving licences were expected to obtain an International Driving Permit for use in some European countries.



These permits, obtained from the Post Office, were used to accompany the licence and were different depending on the country you planned to drive in.

However, following an agreement between the United Kingdom and the 27 European Union countries, these permits are no longer required.

The Secretary of State for Transport, Rt Hon Grant Shapps MP, took to Twitter to share the news, saying, “Welcome news for UK drivers.  We've now secured agreement with all 27 EU Member States to recognise UK licences WITHOUT the need for an International Drivers Permit. From tomorrow, UK drivers can continue to drive in the EU without an IDP (once Covid restrictions lifted)”.

Of course, if you are habitually resident in another country, such as Spain, the requirement to exchange your licence for a local equivalent is still active, the change in status refers to tourists or other visitors to the European countries.

Welcome news for UK drivers ???????? ????. We've now secured agreement with all 27 EU Member States to recognise UK licences WITHOUT the need for an International Drivers Permit. From tomorrow, UK drivers can continue to drive in the EU without an IDP (once Covid restrictions lifted).— Rt Hon Grant Shapps MP (@grantshapps) December 31, 2020

### The DGT Strengthens Telematic Services

More than thirty of the services provided by the DGT can be performed by telephone, internet, or mobile application.



As a result of the Covid crisis, the DGT has accelerated the digitisation of its services, making more than thirty services available online without having to make an appointment or go in person to the provincial Traffic headquarters.

This drive for digitisation is a commitment by the DGT to offer citizens another way of communicating with the administration, in a more comfortable, faster way, and with the same guarantees as if it were done in person.

Although the Electronic Headquarters of the DGT began its journey at the end of last year with the inclusion of some administrative management, the Coronavirus has been a particularly important driver in accelerating the digitisation of many other services.

According to Miguel Martín, IT Manager of the DGT, the Electronic Office pursues a triple objective: “to better organize the information on the procedures that can be carried out digitally with the DGT, secondly to offer personalised information and services through the my DGT section, and thirdly to improve the accessibility and usability of the Headquarters to make the user experience more pleasant”.

In the Electronic Office you can find everything related to a holder's driving licence or vehicle: request a duplicate of the licence, a temporary withdrawal, the payment of a fine or consult important information related to the DGT.

The Headquarters is accessible in all the official languages ​​of the Spanish State, Catalan, Basque and Galician, and also in German, English and French.

According to Martin, “the objective is that by next year, practically all of our procedures do not require face-to-face travel, especially those with the greatest volume and impact.”

DGT PROCEDURES WITHOUT LEAVING HOME

Some of the procedures available via the online service are:

Transfers (change of ownership)

Vehicle report

Usual driver communication

Temporary withdrawal Notification of Vehicle registration temporarily deregistered sale

Vehicles

Final discharge

CAT Authorized Centres (scrap yards)

Ordinary registration and green plates

Duplicate vehicle documentation

Change of tax address

Regarding the procedures related to the driving licence, the DGT also offers the possibility of carrying them out or presenting them without going to the headquarters.

Points query

Duplicate due to loss, theft

Permise internacional

Recovery courses

Points

Driving licence

Points certificate

Renewal

The Electronic Office also offers the possibility of consulting the driving licence exam note -the same afternoon of the theoretical exam and the next day, if it is the practical or theoretical exam carried out on paper- and the environmental badge that corresponds to our vehicle. The latter is the most common query with 21 million queries made.

Appointment Request

Other formalities

Registration of powers of attorney

Consult Environmental badges

Distinctive acquisition

You can access the electronic office at dgt.es, or via the official app miDGT available in the app store.

### New Year, New Rules for Driving in Spain

The Spanish Government has approved a package of legal reforms that, as a whole, substantially modify road traffic legislation with the objective of generating a new model of road safety aligned with the policy of the European Union and the recommendations of the World Health Organization to reduce, over the next decade, the number of deaths and serious injuries caused by road traffic incidents by 50 percent.

30 speed signal

The changes include the draft law relating to driving licences and, in particular, the points lost for behaviours considered to be the greatest risk to road safety, and promotes the mechanism of safe driving courses as a formula to improve road training for drivers.

The ultimate objective of the preliminary draft is to increase safe behaviour at the wheel, for which it includes, among others, the following measures:

Increase from 3 to 6 the points to be deducted for driving while holding mobile phone devices.

Increase from 3 to 4 points deducted for not using the seat belt, child restraint systems, helmet, and other protective elements. In addition, it explicitly incorporates the misuse of these elements as a cause of sanction (for example, wearing a safety helmet or seat belt without fastening it) because the negative consequences for the driver's safety are the same.

It classifies as a serious offense “carrying in the vehicle” radar or cinemometer detection mechanisms, which will result in a penalty of 200 euro and the loss of 3 points. At present, only the use of these devices while driving is sanctioned, but experience has shown that, before a road control, drivers deactivate them to prevent traffic agents from being able to prove their use, so once the reform commences the mere possession is sanctionable.

The reform eliminates the possibility that cars and motorcycles may exceed the speed limits on conventional roads by 20 kilometres per hour when overtaking another vehicle. The abolition of this measure, which had already been eliminated in the rest of the countries of the European Union, reinforces the message that the overtaking manoeuvre carries a risk of frontal collision.

The reform also introduces the possibility of recovering 2 points of the licence for the completion of the safe driving courses certified by the General Directorate of Traffic. A ministerial order will develop the necessary requirements and the conditions that must be met.

The reform unifies in two years the period that will have to pass without committing infractions to recover the initial balance of points, a period that now varies depending on the seriousness of the infraction committed.

It includes a new “very serious” offence, committing driving test fraud using unauthorised intercom devices. The penalty will be 500 euro and a penalty of 6 months without being able to attend the exam.

On-line access to the driver registry is provided for companies that transport people and goods so that they can find out if their workers' driving licence is valid or not. It will only be reported in red or green depending on whether it is current or not.

The draft, which has already passed the consultation and public information process, has also been reported by the Higher Council for Traffic, Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility; the Office of Coordination and Regulatory Quality; the Spanish Data Protection Agency, and the current Ministry of Transport, Mobility and Urban Agenda.

After its approval in the first round by the Council of Ministers, the draft must now be informed by the Ministries of Finance, Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation, Labour and Social Economy and Territorial Policy and Public Function.

Secondly, the Council of Ministers has approved a royal decree that modifies both the General Traffic Regulations and the General Vehicle Regulations regarding urban traffic regulatory measures. The purpose of this text is to reduce the accident rate in the urban area while regulating the new emerging forms of citizen mobility.

The Royal Decree redefines the general speed limits on urban roads (article 50) based on their different classification:

On roads that have a single carriageway and pavement platform, the limit will be 20 kilometres per hour.

On roads with a single lane in each direction of traffic, the limit will be 30 kilometres per hour.

On roads with two or more lanes per direction of traffic, the limit will remain at 50 kilometres per hour.

These limits will not apply until six months after the publication of this project in the Official State Gazette, so that citizens are adequately aware of them and so that public administrations have sufficient time to adapt the signage.

Personal mobility

The second major area of ​​incidence of this Royal Decree is the regulation of personal mobility vehicles, defined as vehicles with one or more wheels equipped with a single seat and powered exclusively by electric motors that can provide the vehicle with a maximum speed of between 6 and 25 kilometres per hour.

This definition, which excludes vehicles for people with reduced mobility, means that their movement on pavements and in pedestrian areas is prohibited. They will have to comply with traffic regulations like other vehicles and their circulation on interurban roads, crossings, as well as highways that pass within the town or in urban tunnels is also prohibited.

In order to circulate, personal mobility vehicles must have the corresponding certificate of circulation that certifies that they comply with the technical requirements contemplated in the characteristics manual that will be approved by resolution of the General Director of Traffic.

Access to the driving licence

Finally, the Council of Ministers has approved a royal decree that reforms the General Regulations for Drivers to partially incorporate Directive (EU) 2018/645 of the European Parliament and of the Council, of April 18 of 2018, on the initial qualification and continuous training of drivers of vehicles intended for the transport of goods or passengers by road, and Directive 2006/126 / EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, of 20 December, on the Driver's Licence.

Its main points are:

The minimum age required to drive trucks is reduced to 18 years after having passed the 280-hour Professional Aptitude Certificate (CAP). Until now the established age was 21 years.

The minimum age required to drive coaches is also reduced to 18 years, but only without passengers and within a maximum radius of 50 km. It will only be from the age of 21 and with the CAP of 280 hours when they will be able to carry passengers.

Both modifications respond to the adequacy of the age for obtaining the driving licence with the established age at which the CAP can be taken. In addition, it is a request made by the road transport sector due to the shortage of professional drivers and opens the possibility for young people to access the labour market.

It increases from 3,500 kg to 4,250 kg the weight of vans that can be driven in national territory with the B permit for the transport of goods, only when the increase in mass is due to the new propulsion systems. It is a measure that favours the use of non-polluting alternative fuels.

The Royal Decree also introduces some improvements in the training tests necessary to obtain a driving licence. Among other:

It specifies the mandatory protective equipment that applicants have to wear in the skills and driving tests to obtain motorcycle licences.

It establishes the possibility that, in certain cases and after an individualised medical and mechanical assessment, access to truck and bus driving licences can be authorised for people with problems associated with the locomotor system. Advances in prosthetics and vehicles make it possible for these people to obtain such permits.

Entries into force

The modifications related to the Traffic Regulations and Vehicles will enter into force on January 2, 2021. However, the amendment to article 50 of the General Traffic Regulations (speeds in urban areas) will enter into force six months after its publication in the Official State Gazette so that citizens know them adequately and so that public administrations have enough time to adapt the signage.

The obligation to have a certificate for circulation and its identification, in accordance with the provisions of the Manual of characteristics of personal mobility vehicles, will be applicable 24 months after the publication of the manual of characteristics of personal mobility vehicles in the Official State Gazette, as established in the sole transitory provision. Transitory Regime of the Royal Decree.

The modifications related to the Drivers Regulation will come into force the day after the publication of the Royal Decree in the BOE.

### Future Roads

A team of researchers from the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), the Centro Universitario de la Defensa de la Universidad de Zaragoza (UNIZAR), and the Tsing-Hua National University (Taiwan) has published a complete study on the latest advances and technological projects that are being carried out around the world.



Of all of them would revolutionise the way we get around and the idea we currently have of roads. The roads of the future will be able to create sounds to warn drivers of a danger on the road or if they are speeding; they will turn vehicles into sources of energy to light the street lamps; and they will be able to tell us the weight of a truck or automatically recharge electric vehicles. their signals will have nothing to do with the current ones; There will be smart crossings and they will incorporate advanced sensors and different communication devices that will reduce rescue times in the event of an accident. They will also talk to drivers, who will be notified automatically of their driving violations.

Juan Carlos Cano, researcher at the UPV's Computer Networks Group (GRC-DISCA) and one of the authors of the study, affirms that roads “are getting smarter. The infrastructures of 30 years ago have nothing to do with the current ones, and they will change a lot over the next few decades. They will be much safer roads thanks to the great advances in telecommunications, 5G and cloud computing, among other technologies. And, in addition, they will contribute to reducing the environmental impact of vehicles. Some of the roads we present in the study look like science fiction, but they aren't at all. In all of them they are already working somewhere in the world and all of them are technologically viable in our environment”.

In their study, the team analysed projects that are being carried out in countries such as China, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Japan, and Spain. In all of them, there is a common denominator: roads are no longer a simple physical infrastructure to transport people or goods, but become a superhighway "with communications and intelligence capabilities unimaginable decades ago", says Professor Chai K. Toh, from the National Tsing Hua University and a member of the Royal British Academy of Sciences. For Toh, considered the father of wireless networks without infrastructure (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks), in 20 years, roads as we know them today will no longer exist, they will cease to be completely passive elements to become active. "They will begin to transform into smart roads", highlights Toh,"with smart streetlights, smart intersections, wireless traffic signals that will provide information to drivers and will have automatic accident detection systems, as well as rapid emergency assistance, among other novelties".

In the case, for example, of musical roads, in Japan there are already more than 30, spread over cities such as Hiroshima, Shizuoka, Oita, Gunman or Hokkaido. In the latter, engineers from the city's Industrial Research Institute designed a project in which vehicles are turned into tuning forks. “They do it using resonance devices spread over the road surface. As the vehicles roll over them, they generate high or low notes and, in turn, music,” explains Toh. “Also”, he adds, “they exist in South Korea, where these musical highways warn drivers, generating chords of a popular song. Likewise, in Taiwan, on the Dinglin Road in Kinmen, cars traveling at 50 km / h generate a melody of El Olivo. And in New Mexico, on historic Route 66 between Albuquerque and Tijeras, drivers can hear the song America the Beautiful when they hit 45 miles per hour (72.4 km / h).”

They are not the only advances already visible. Freight roads, capable of supplying energy to vehicles, are also a reality in countries such as South Korea, Sweden, and the United Kingdom.

Along with all this, there are more and more devices that allow motorways to be connected to vehicles thanks to technologies such as V2X, V2V or VANET, which warn of road hazards, accidents, traffic congestion, and even detect potentially dangerous drivers.

In the field of health and safety, technology can help reduce response times in the event of an emergency, as well as increase reliability in manoeuvres such as overtaking. Indeed, one of the latest developments by the UPV team is a new application that offers the driver greater safety when overtaking a truck – or another vehicle larger than their own.

“Installed on mobile phones”, Cano indicates, “with the rear camera oriented towards the windshield and the screen towards the driver, a video is automatically transmitted, captured by the vehicle in front, to the vehicle behind, where the most traffic is shown. ahead so that, in this way, the driver can decide if it is safe to overtake”.

The UPV researcher also points out that the combination of information and communications, together with the development of autonomous vehicles - both cars and drones -, already allow, and will do so even more in the future, to dynamically and efficiently manage the traffic, which will also result in greater security.

"In addition", concludes Cano, "the drones will be able to warn of incidents such as accidents, collapses or speed bumps, to the approaching vehicles, thus also improving the safety of the driver and passengers.

### National Speed Limit

On some 7,000 kilometres of the secondary road network in Spain, the maximum permitted speed limit is set at 90 kilometres per hour, on roads where no other restrictions are in force, in other words, where there are no signs indicating a stricter limit.



This is in effect the same concept as the commonly referred to “National Speed Limit” which is in place on British roads, where a maximum is automatically set on roads outside of towns.

The maximum permitted speed on the secondary road network is 90 kilometres per hour, for cars, motorbikes, small motor homes and pick-ups, as well as buses (except under certain circumstances), derivatives of cars, and mixed adapted vehicles.

In Spain, speed limits are dictated by three elements, the road, the vehicle, and the driver (in some cases). Therefore, some vehicles are still restricted further, such as trucks, vans, large motor homes, articulated vehicles, vehicles towing a trailer, and others not listed, which are restricted to a maximum permitted speed of 80 kilometres per hour on these roads.

Bicycles and mopeds are restricted to a maximum permitted speed of 45 kilometres per hour.

Remember, we are talking only about the secondary road network, where no other restriction is in place, so if there is a sign saying that the maximum permitted speed is 80, or 50, for example, then that is the case.

Similar vehicular restrictions are also in place on motorways, as we can see from the table. It is important to know what classification your vehicle is, if it´s not so easy to identify such as is the case of cars or motorbikes, and you can find that information on your documentation.

Some drivers are also restricted such as may be the case those suffering certain medical conditions, for which the doctor has determined a restriction is necessary.

### More than 300 Deaths Caused by Distractions

For the fourth year in a row, distractions continue to be the leading cause of fatal traffic accidents. Specifically, in 2019, distraction appears as a concurrent factor in 28% of accidents with fatalities, with 359 deaths recorded.



As a result of these alarming figures, the DGT launched an awareness campaign this week which aimed at educating drivers of the dangers of distractions whilst driving, enforcing the law as necessary.

The campaign was part of the annual calendar of special actions provided by TISPOL (International Traffic Police Organisation) and in which the DGT participates.

In addition to the campaign running in Spain, it is simultaneously taking place in many European countries.

The Guardia Civil spearheaded the campaign on the main road network, assisted by the regional and local police in urban areas.

As part of the campaign, the 12 helicopters, 3 drones and 216 fixed cameras installed on the roads were used to carry out surveillance by traffic officers. As a novelty, this campaign also featured the 15 unmarked vans which the Guardia Civil traffic patrols are now using, which, because of their dimensions, allow the officers to gain a better view of the occupants of vehicles, thus enabling them to check on the use of mobile phones whilst driving, and ensuring that seat belts are correctly worn, for example.

The most frequent types of accidents due to distractions are leaving the road, head-on collisions, collision with the vehicle in front or being run over.

To avoid distractions, it is important to consider the following key factors:

Before getting behind the wheel: Sleep well, do not drink alcohol or consume drugs, do not eat large meals, take care of the intake of certain medications.

On the way: It is better not to smoke, if you feel drowsy, stop.

Maintain a comfortable temperature: 21 or 22 degrees is an advisable temperature.

Watch out for the mobile: It is an important source of distractions. Use only for emergencies and with the car stopped. It is recommended to activate the "car mode" in those devices that include it.

Radio / MP3: Handling them distracts us, systems that are operated directly from the wheel are advisable. Programming stations and CDs before the trip is a good option.

Traveling with GPS: Trying to program a route while traveling is very dangerous. It must be done beforehand.

Mobile: The King of Distractions

One of the main reasons for driver distraction is the use of a mobile phone while driving. Its use multiplies by four the risk of suffering an accident and the risk is comparable to driving with excess alcohol.

Using a mobile phone whilst driving means taking your eyes off the road for a certain time in which you travel without the driver having control of the vehicle, since the attention is focused on the mobile.

According to the latest Distractions report prepared by RACE, 96% of surveyed users admit to having seen someone talking on their mobile while driving (80% regularly) and 76% claim to use it without speaking, only manipulating or looking at it. The report details that in the case of social networks, 18% of drivers admit to having used social networks while driving, of which 12% do so regularly. This percentage increases to 17% among young people between 18 and 24 years old.

Other factors that cause distraction

Sleep and fatigue are two risk factors that are very unknown and at the same time highly implicated in road accidents: leaving the road, or certain invasions of the opposite contiguous lane are very frequent types of accidents due to these factors.

Smoking and driving: lighting a cigarette takes an average of 4 seconds. At a speed of 100 km / h, in that time we will have travelled 113 meters. According to the conclusions of various research studies, smoking while driving multiplies the risk of an accident by 1.5.

What does the law say?

The Road Safety Law considers it a serious offense to use, when driving, a mobile phone device, GPS navigators or any other communication system, as well as headphones or other devices that reduce the mandatory permanent attention to driving.

These infractions involve a financial penalty of 200 euro and the loss of 3 points.

### Opportunities for Professional Drivers

The General Directorate of Traffic (DGT) plans to approve a modification of the General Drivers Regulation that will mean the transposition of Directive 2006/16 of the European Union into legislation, with several interesting novelties, especially for professional drivers.



The first change will mean that vehicles weighing between 3,500 kilos - the current limit - and 4,250 kilos can be driven by holders of a category B permit, a normal car licence, with the increase in weight due to its conversion to alternative energies, due to the higher weight of the batteries. Thus, it allows vehicles that are transformed to adapt to cleaner and more sustainable mobility to continue to be driven, through the national territory, with the B permit that is more than two years old, although always without a trailer.

Likewise, the minimum age required to access permits from C, the so-called professional permit, is lowered. This responds to a need for harmonisation with Europe and to respond to the needs of the population and companies.

On the one hand, the employer and professional associations had requested this reduction in age, in order to cover their driver needs; at the same time, this creates job opportunities for some young people, which is why the age of access to these permits has been lowered, also taking into account the possession or not of the CAP, in its different modalities, to lower the age of access to professional permits more or less.

Finally, also relating to professional drivers, Annex IV has been modified to allow, although studied individually and on a case-by-case basis, the possibility of driving with adaptations in the case of the locomotor system - previously strictly prohibited. The introduction of new technologies - for example, the automatic transmission in almost all heavy vehicles - and the improvement of prostheses and adaptations have made it possible to allow, after an individualised study, driving with this type of adaptations.

Other changes

In addition, the reform has introduced other modifications. For example:

The exam time in the theoretical test has been extended, since when introducing videos in the questions it was necessary to extend the time depending on the length of the video.

The percentage of error allowed in the applicants' responses has also been clarified, stating that it will not exceed 10% of errors.

In the practical motorcycle exam, it has been specified what garments are considered "the appropriate equipment" with which the applicant must appear, to avoid doubts about which are the mandatory garments in the exam.

### Final Figures Released

Last year 1,755 people lost their lives in traffic accidents, according to the final balance from the General Directorate of Traffic. This figure includes people who died on interurban and urban roads during the 30 days after the accident occurred.



The number of deceased people decreased by 3% compared to 2018, although the evolution has been very different inside and outside the cities. On urban roads, there were 519 deaths, 6% more than in 2018. On the contrary, on interurban roads there were 1,236 deaths, 6% less than in 2018, although here too differences can be observed between conventional roads, where deaths decreased by 10%, and highways which registered an increase of 5%. The number of people killed on conventional roads for the first time was below 900 victims. It should be remembered that on January 29, 2019, the reduction of the speed limit from 100 kilometres per hour to 90 kilometres per hour came into effect on the entire network of conventional roads.

Cities accounted for 30% of all deaths, the highest percentage since records are available.

The mortality rate in 2019 stood at 37 deaths per million inhabitants, ahead of Austria (46), France (48), Italy (55), Belgium (56) and Portugal (61). The average rate for the countries of the European Union stood at 51.

The value of 37 is the objective indicated in the Road Safety Strategy 2011-2020 as the maximum mortality rate in 2020. Even so, 5 people die a day in traffic accidents, which shows that there is still a long way to go.



Overview of the accident rate

Means of travel. The largest increases in accidents occurred among cyclists (80 deaths in 2019, compared to 58 in 2018) and motorcyclists (466 deaths, including mopeds, 11% more than in 2018), albeit for different reasons: while the increase in cyclists who died were concentrated on urban roads (32 deaths in 2019, compared to 15 in 2018), motorcyclists did so on interurban roads (318 deaths in 2019, compared to 276 in 2018). The death toll for motorcyclists is the highest since 2010, while the number of cyclists is the highest since 2007.

Among the rest of the means of travel, the 12% reduction in the number of deaths in passenger cars stands out.

For their part, 381 pedestrians died in 2019, compared to 386 in 2018. Together, vulnerable users (pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists) account for more than half of the deaths for the first time (specifically, 53%).

Age. People aged 65 and over, who make up 19% of the population, accounted for 28% of the fatalities. It is worth highlighting the reductions that have occurred in the age group between 15 and 44 years, and the increases registered in the age group between 45 and 64 years.

Interurban roads. There has been a 10% reduction in fatalities on conventional roads. The most frequent fatal accidents on this type of road are still exits (41% of the people killed) and head-on collisions (27%).

On interurban roads, the increase in the accident rate of motorcyclists stands out, which accounted for 1 out of every 4 people killed. Together, vulnerable users account for 40% of the fatalities on interurban roads. The fatalities in passenger cars decreased by 13%, standing at 579 deaths.

Urban roads. Vulnerable users accounted for 82% of the deceased persons, distributed as follows: 247 pedestrians, 32 cyclists, and 148 motorcyclists (including mopeds). In all cases, there were increases in 2019 compared to 2018.

It should be noted that 70% of the deceased pedestrians are 65 years of age or older, highlighting the increase from the age of 75, a population that has gone from 104 deaths in 2018 to 134 in 2019.

Concurrent factors. For the fourth consecutive year, distractions were the most frequent factor in fatal accidents (they were present in 28%), followed by alcohol consumption (present in 24%) and speed (present in 23%).

Autonomous communities. Aragon, Principality of Asturias, Balearic Islands, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Catalonia, Extremadura, Galicia, Region of Murcia, Comunidad Foral de Navarra and Comunitat Valenciana, are the communities that reduced the number of deaths in car accidents compared to the previous year. There was also a decrease in the Autonomous Cities of Ceuta and Melilla.

The decrease in the death toll took place in a context of an increase in long-distance trips, 2.6% more than in 2018, reaching 427 million trips. The car fleet stood at 35,855,460 vehicles, 2% more than in 2018. The issuance of driving licences increased by 11% and the census of drivers was 27,311,015, 2% more than in 2018.

The general director of traffic Pere Navarro has indicated that "the data indicates that we are going to have to concentrate efforts on cities and, especially, on the protection of vulnerable users".

Together with the consolidated data on fatal accidents, it is estimated that in 2019 a total of 104,077 traffic accidents with victims occurred in Spain, in which, in addition to the 1,755 people who lost their lives, 139,379 were injured, of which 8,605 required hospital admission. The consolidated figures of accidents with victims and non-fatal victims will be published in the statistical yearbooks of the General Traffic Directorate, once all the information is received from the municipalities.

### Walk Safely

What is a pedestrian?



According to the dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy (RAE), a pedestrian is "a person on foot on a public road." However, the DGT expands that definition and also considers pedestrians "those who push any other small non-motor vehicle or people with reduced mobility who circulate with a wheelchair (with or without a motor)."

General traffic regulations

There are general traffic regulations that all pedestrians must comply with:

Pedestrians must move in places reserved for them and not in prohibited places (for example, highways and expressways).

In the city, if possible, they should use the centre of the pavements, moving away both from the curb - so as not to be hit by a vehicle - and from the buildings - due to the fact that there are garage entrances or exits.

If a street does not have a pavement or there is an obstacle, pedestrians should move as close to the wall as possible and, if possible, facing traffic.

Special attention should be paid to children, who should always go hand in hand with adults and play in safe spaces and away from the road.

Also, pedestrians cannot carry loose animals. Otherwise, they could create dangerous situations for the other users of public roads.

And pedestrians are only allowed to invade the road to cross it.



How should you cross a street?

Since we have referred to the invasion of the road, it is an action that carries a risk. For this reason, it is important to always choose the safest place to cross it, preferably a passage regulated by road markings, traffic lights or traffic agents. And if it does not exist, a place with good visibility must be selected.

In any case, before crossing a street we will stop next to the curb, look left and right to make sure that there is no danger and finally cross the road in a straight line, as fast as possible but without running.

At traffic light-controlled crossings, wait until the pedestrian's silhouette is green before crossing the road, still making sure it is safe to cross before moving, and you should speed up if it starts blinking. Even if we have priority, it is advisable not to cross until checking that the vehicles have stopped.

Likewise, we will have priority at crossings. But this does not mean that a driver will stop when we start to cross. It is advisable to signal drivers by hand to warn them of our intention and to cross only when the vehicles have stopped.

The crossing that provides the most confidence and security is that regulated by a traffic agent. In this case, their indications prevail over others. For example: if the silhouette of the pedestrian at a traffic light is red but the agent indicates that we can cross the road, we will follow the officer´s instructions.

Out of town

All these tips are useful to us in the city. But how should we act if we decide to stretch our legs and take a good walk on the road out of town? It is a healthy habit. But if we want to move out of town, the following recommendations must be considered:

Only walk on roads where there is no express prohibition.

In general, in this type of road you must walk on the left to see the approaching vehicles from the front.

If it exists, walk on the hard shoulder. Otherwise, the part of the road closest to the edge will be used. In any case, if there are several people who move, you should go one after the other (in single file).

As in the city, the roads must be crossed at safe places and extreme precautions must be taken. Visible sections should be chosen, and curves and gradients should be avoided.

Since we have been talking about visibility, wearing clothing like reflective vests will help us be more visible to drivers.

And both in the city and on the road, it is essential to forget the mobile phone and avoid listening to music or the radio with headphones, since its use, by distracting us, isolates us from traffic and makes us even more vulnerable pedestrians.

Drivers: tips to avoid collisions

But whether we are run over does not depend only on us. Logically, drivers have a lot to do. Speeding, talking on the mobile phone, thinking about other things ... There are several reasons that can cause it. When we stop being pedestrians and become drivers, it is essential that we consider these tips:

First of all, we must respect speed limits.

We must monitor speed and take extreme precautions when approaching pedestrian crossings, bus stops, schools, playgrounds, shopping streets, etc.

We have already discussed it: operating the mobile phone or the browser is dangerous. And, furthermore, it is prohibited.

Occasionally, pedestrians pass between parked vehicles to cross the street. When driving alongside the latter, you must be especially vigilant, because they could step into the road.

And the same happens if we are parked. When reversing we will look in the rear-view mirrors to make sure that there is no pedestrian passing behind our vehicle.

Be respectful and do not park on a pavement. By occupying it, we will force pedestrians to use the road.

And on the road, we will moderate the speed if there is a vehicle on the hard shoulder. At any time, one of its occupants could appear on the road, with the consequent risk of being run over.

### Reality Check

We all think we are better drivers than the next person, but the reality on the roads is that we often fall into a trap of drowsiness, tiredness, and distractions when driving, all of which are activities behind many traffic accidents, especially when it comes to long journeys. This is confirmed by the results of the 7th Barometer of Responsible Driving carried out by the VINCI Autoroutes Foundation to learn about the evolution of the behaviours and mentalities of European drivers.



Fatigue and drowsiness

According to the study, 35% of European drivers confess that they get nervous when they are going to make a long journey by car. In the case of Spain, this figure rises to 41%. However, fatigue does not prevent 34% of the drivers surveyed (26% in Spain) from getting behind the wheel.

Regarding dangerous behaviour, 78% of European drivers admit that they look away from the road for more than two seconds (in Spain the figure is 73%). In addition, half say they talk on the phone while driving using Bluetooth (a system that also alters attention). In the case of Spain, this figure drops to 45%.

When it comes to distractions, 13% of those surveyed acknowledge having suffered or have almost suffered an accident by falling asleep while driving and 11% for using the mobile.

Asked if they respect the safety distance, 61% say that they do not (which drops to 55% in the case of Spain), although 51% consider that breaching this safety standard is one of the main causes of accidents suffered by personnel who works on the highways.

Drive safely and serenely

On the Barometer, Bernardette Moreau, general delegate of the VINCI Autoroutes Foundation, has pointed out that "the tendency of drivers to be distracted when driving makes them forget the collective implications of driving and, consequently, even the consequences of their behaviour for everyone else".

For this reason, given the trips this summer and taking into account the context of the health crisis we are experiencing, we must not forget "driving responsibly and calmly to contribute to the safety and serenity of everyone on the road," Moreau said.

The Barometer

The VINCI Autoroutes Foundation has commissioned the IPSOS company to prepare the 7th Barometer of Responsible Driving. This study also allows us to see the evolution of risky behaviours and good practices, which can be useful when proposing prevention strategies.

To prepare this Barometer, 12,400 people over the age of 16 and from 11 European countries were asked on the Internet between February 28 and March 24, 2020 (at least 1,000 people were asked in each country). Quotas of sex, age, profession, region, and population size have been considered.

Losing our nerves when we are driving can lead us to behave incorrectly. According to the Barometer, 16% of European drivers admit that they "become someone else" when they get behind the wheel. In the case of Spaniards, it is 15%.

In addition, about 60% of those surveyed acknowledge that they sometimes insult other drivers and more than 80% confess that they have once been afraid of the behaviour of other drivers (data reaches 89% in the case of Spaniards).

### Get Set for a Safer Summer

The summer months often increase risks when driving, not only from the road environment, but also from within the vehicle.



Sometimes, especially in the hot weather, the temptation to “relax” a little too much is greater, which we often see manifesting as feet up on the dashboard for passengers, or arms, and sometimes legs, extended out of the vehicle, but maintaining a proper position in the vehicle is not only important for our comfort, it is crucial for our safety.

When used correctly, the vehicle´s seats and features offer the maximum protection in the event of a collision. If we do anything to change the characteristics of these features, we risk our safety tremendously.

The trouble is, it is easy to forget about the safety features when we are weighed down by the summer, but putting our feet on the dashboard, or the seat for that matter, arms waving out the windows, not wearing our seat belt correctly are all an absolute NO.

Arms and legs should be kept inside the protective shell of the vehicle. Sticking your head, arms, or legs out of the window is not a particularly good idea.

There are countless documented cases of motorists suffering serious injury when “clipped” by a passing car, as well as the more gruesome stories of the loss of limbs in the event of a crash. Having an arm out of the window also poses a risk to other road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists. Being able to put your head out of the window implies that the seat belt is not worn correctly. If your body parts are not within the safety cage of the vehicle, then you are at risk and are risking others.

Arms extended from the vehicle may also confuse other road users who might think that you are giving hand signals, thus posing a risk that those drivers may incorrectly react to what they think you are gesturing. Visibility may also be obscured as a result, blocking the vehicle´s mirrors and making it difficult to observe the vehicle surroundings correctly.

Even within the vehicle there is a serious risk of injury if you are not sitting correctly. An all too common sight in the summer months is a car passenger with their feet up on the dashboard, a practice that is not only illegal, but is extremely dangerous.

In the event of a crash, if a passenger is travelling with their feet up on the dashboard, the injuries that may occur will be very serious, partly as the deployment of the airbag can cause more serious injuries than it prevents in this situation, and, irrespective of an airbag being present, the glass from the windscreen can cause serious injury, not to mention the effects of a passenger being crushed by the impact between the dashboard and the seat.

In addition to the increase in occurrences of this sort of behaviour, there is also an increase in the number of fines issues as the traffic police try to not only advise drivers of the problem, they try and enforce remembrance through the issuing of fines. Incidentally, in the event of a passenger putting their feet on the dashboard, it is the driver who is ultimately responsible for the safety of the vehicle and, as such, it is the driver who will be fined.

Article 18, Section 1 of Royal Decree 1428/2003 of 21 November, approving the Rules of the road, states that “The driver of a vehicle must maintain their own freedom of movement, the required field of vision and permanent attention to driving, to ensure their own safety, that of other vehicle occupants and other road users. To achieve this, you must take special care to maintain the proper position and that of the passengers, and the proper placement of objects or animals transported so that there can be no interference between the driver and any of them“.

Keeping both hands on the steering wheel, not leaning with an elbow on the window, keeping your arms inside the vehicle may have been the repetitive messages our driving instructor taught us when we first took lessons, but the advice is still very much key to a safe driving experience.

Offence: Failing to maintain the proper position in the vehicle.

This can refer to passengers with their feet on the dashboard, drivers with their arms out the window, or any other situation where proper posture is not maintained.

Fine: 80 euro.

Reason: There are many reasons why this rule is important. For example, in the event of impact, the injuries sustained by a person with their feet on the dashboard are nothing less than horrific. The same goes for instances where limbs have been lost or severely injured on account of them protruding from the vehicle. Plus, the seats in a vehicle are designed to give maximum protection, and comfort, and not being correctly positions poses a risk, and can hinder visibility by the driver.

The correct wearing of the seat belt is also crucial. Not wearing it over your shoulder and across the torso is the same as not wearing it at all. That is why the fine for wearing a seat belt incorrectly is 200 euro, the same as if you weren´t wearing it at all.

Seat belts are designed for one purpose only, to save lives. Statistics show that by wearing a seat belt the probability of death when involved in a collision is halved, whereas according to the data from the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) and the Instituto Universitario de Tráfico y Seguridad Vial (INTRAS), the risk of death is cut by a staggering 77% in an overturned vehicle.

However, for the seat belt to be effective, it must be worn correctly, for it to fulfil the function it is designed for fully.

The correct way to wear the seat belt is for it to go across the torso diagonally, and across the waist, firmly secured in these positions. The top part must be on the hard part of the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and the neck. The lower end sits against the hardness of the pelvis.

The three-point seat belt, which is fitted as standard to most modern vehicles, has an upper (thoracic) and a lower band (pelvic). Both must be snugly fitting against the body. For the seat belt to offer maximum protection it must be on the hard parts of the body, leaning against the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and neck at the top, and the iliac crest of the pelvis, never on the abdomen.

Accessories such as cushions or other additions should not be used. Once you have pulled the seat belt across your body and secured the strap in the locked position, make sure that the seat belt is not twisted at any point. If it is, undo the seat belt and remove the twists. Once secure, pull the seat belt so that it fits snugly against the body, with any slack being taken back at the top.

If the seat belt is not worn correctly, it can cause further problems in the event of a collision. For example, if the upper band is taken off the shoulder, it can cause a head impact with the windscreen, dashboard, or seat in front. It can also produce cervical lesions.

If the belt is not firm around the body it can cause the vehicle to slide under the belt, casing lower body and spinal injuries. This is often referred to as the “submarine effect”. To prevent “submarining”, the vehicle occupants must also sit in a proper position when riding in the vehicle, with the seat belt securely fastened as mentioned, and without having any additions such as pillows or cushions which may contribute to the reduction of effectiveness of the seat belt.

It is also important to remember the one seat belt – one seat rule. All vehicle occupants are obliged to wear a seat belt, both in the front and the back seats. Some vehicles only have two seat belts in the back for example, and so that vehicle can only carry two passengers on that seat.

There are other rules regarding children in cars. Primarily, children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats and they most use an appropriate restraining system for their height and weight.

### I Forgot my Licence!

It is mandatory to carry your driving licence with you when you drive a car in Spain.

The document also serves as an identity card and so there are benefits to having it with you other than the fact it is mandatory, however, there are occasions when we may forget to carry it or choose to leave it at home, neither of which is a valid excuse by the way.

If you do forget to take your licence and you are stopped, there is a fine which is applicable, however the situation can get far more serious.

Driving without a licence is a criminal offence in Spain, with the burden of proof being on you, the driver. So, in the event of you getting stopped and a traffic officer asking to see your licence, you are responsible for producing it. If you are unable to, for whatever reason, it is likely you may find yourself arrested and possibly even spending the night in the cells until you can convince somebody to bring your licence to the police station to prove your entitlement.

The same situation applies if you are driving a vehicle which your licence doesn´t cover. An example of this has been seen in publicity for so-called microcars, which states “no licence required”. The claim is simply not true. It is correct that you can drive a microcar without a car licence, but you must have a moped entitlement. On the opposite end of the scale, we wouldn´t expect a regular car driver to get behind the wheel of a double decker bus without first passing a test for the vehicle in question.

However, there is a way in which you can leave the originals in a safe place, such as at home, if security is a concern and you don´t want to carry your original licence with you. You may take your original documents to a Notary and they will take a copy for you and add their original stamp, confirming their validity and originality.

It is not simply a case of photocopying them yourself, even if you copy them in colour and perhaps you even laminate them, they are still copies which are not valid as they are not certified by a Notary.

Most towns will have a Notary office and many of them speak English. It is a recognised service and so they will fully understand what you want if you take your documents to them. The other good news is that it doesn´t cost a lot for them to provide these certified copies, so if you do want peace of mind of leaving your originals locked away safe, then you visit your local Notary and have them provide you with certified copies.



Remember, it is mandatory that the documents you carry are the originals, not photocopies. The only copy that is allowed is one that has been stamped and certified by a Notary. Notarised copies of documents are allowed, but that is the only exception.

### Welcome to the SUMMER 2020 edition of the N332 emagazine

If you would like to support the project, you can purchase and download the PDF version by clicking the button below. Alternatively, just continue reading and you can browse the publication for FREE at the end of this introductory article, which is also featured in the emagazine.

Buy Now

You have probably already noticed that we have a brand-new look and a new layout, which we have been working hard on during the “lockdown” period. If you haven´t noticed yet you will see that we have taken the bold approach to publish the magazine in landscape format. This is because of the high number of people we know read the publication on tablets or computers, and so each page fits better on the screen. It also means that we can support our sponsors better by integrating their adverts more into the content without them being too intrusive.

As you already know no doubt, everyone who works on the N332 Road Safety Project donates their time for free, and it is thanks to our sponsors that we are able to produce the content that we know you appreciate.

With that in mind we would like to just say a few words about some of our sponsors. If we can say one thing with absolute confidence it is that nobody expected 2020 to play out quite how it has done. In Spain, the lockdown has had a tremendous result in tacking the spread of the virus, which is testament to every single person who followed the instructions given by the government, so we thank you for that, and although we have tried to avoid mentioning anything about the crisis in this edition, we do feel it important to try to offer a hand of help to those sponsors, businesses which have faced unprecedented times, and are only just starting to come out the other side.

One of our longest sponsors has been Ibex Insurance brokers. They have been with us almost since the beginning and have supported us on the project since the start. They have offices all around Spain and can offer competitive quotes for all your insurance need. Check them out at ibexinsure.com.

Another sponsor who has been with us from the start is Al Andalus Car Hire. With cars available at Almeria, Alicante and Murcia airports, this family-run firm have just launched a new service of competitive car hire available to those looking at longer term rental. You can find out more about them at cheapestcarhirespain.es.

If you are looking for car hire in the Torrevieja area, or indeed from Alicante-Elche Airport, Coys is a long established, family-run firm, which, like Al Andalus, offer a “no hidden extras” service for car hire, so the price you are quoted is the price you pay, offering a trusted service from their local base. Not only do they offer car hire, they also have an airport parking service, where they will store your vehicle in their secure compound whilst you fly back to the UK for example, delivering your car back to the airport for your return. You can find out more about both their service options at coysrent-a-car.com.

If you are in need of translation services, you could try Torrevieja Translators, a local professional firm with translators available for any reason, both in person or if you need documents translating. Check them out at torreviejatranslators.com.

You may be looking at exchanging your driving licence from a UK one to a Spanish licence. If you are, then Clinica La Siesta offer a medical service where they can certify your ability to drive, and handle all the documentation for you. You can find out more about their whole range of medical-based services at clinicalasiesta.com. They are also able to offer information about medical insurance and, being a medical clinic, carry out all the necessary procedures in house.

If you want a company to handle the documentation on your behalf then Driving Licences are a dedicated team who will handle the entire process from start to finish, taking the stress out of the administrative function. Find out more about them at drivinglicences.es.

If it´s hospital and medical services you are looking for in Spain, one of the most professional services is the Quirón Salud group. They have a private hospital in Torrevieja, and other facilities around the country, and offer both an exclusive medical care service in the event of a traffic collision, and a bespoke service designed for ex-pats living in Spain. Find out about their wide range of services at quironsalud.es/en.

For the latest  news from around Spain, pick up the Costa Blanca People each week, where you will not only get the latest updates you can also read the exclusive N332 section each week, where we publish articles to keep you updated about things on the road. You can also read the newspaper online, available each week at costablancapeople.com

Finally, we would like to mention Rental Car Deluxe, as they are the stars of our new-look cover. They are a car hire service offering high-end, luxury vehicles which you can drive away for the day, or longer. Check them out at rentcardeluxe.es.

Finally, we would just like to thank you again, partly for your commitment to battling the spread of the virus in recent months, and also for being there as part of our network, on Facebook, the website and in person. It is thanks to you that everyone on the team is motivated to carry on with the project, so we thank you sincerely, and hope that you continue to stay safe.

For now, we will leave you to read the content of this emagazine as we wish you the safest summer you can have. Take care out there.

### Slow Down!

All this week, including through the weekend, the Guardia Civil are paying even closer attention to road users than usual, looking specifically at those breaking the speed limit.

GUARDIA_CIVIL

The aim of the campaign, which is a regular one on the calendar of special attention, is with the aim of reducing incidents and collisions and the consequences derived from them.

In 2018 (the last year from which consolidated data is available) speed was the second concurrent factor in fatal incidents, specifically, 22%, only behind distracted driving and ahead of alcohol consumption.

According to the study “Speed ​​and risk of an accident” carried out by the International Transport Forum (ITF), seeding is the main problem in all countries around the world, in fact, an estimate for Norway shows that if all drivers were driving below the speed limits, the number of deaths would be reduced by 20% (Elvik 2011).

The campaign will focus on the specific risks associated with inappropriate speed, especially those breaking the speed limit on roads with a higher number of incidents.

After three months in which mobility has been reduced to prevent the spread of the Coronavirus, the DGT is appealing that the desire to go out to visit family and friends and to live does not translate this summer into greater speed at the wheel. The speed limits are not arbitrary and are established based on the characteristics of the road.

Speed ​​has a direct influence on the occurrence and severity of traffic accidents. With higher driving speeds, the number of claims and their severity increases exponentially. This relationship has been shown in several models, especially in Nilsson's "Potential Model". This shows that a 1% increase in average speed results in approximately a 2% increase in accidents with victims, an increase of 3% of serious accidents and a 4% increase in fatal accidents.

Closely related to speed is the stopping distance of the vehicle. On average, at 120 kilometres per hour, we will need a distance greater than a soccer field to stop.

EU's Commitment to the Secure System

Road safety policies in the European Union are based on the Vision Zero approach and on the Safe System. Both systems are included in the DGT's Road Safety Strategy 2011-2020. The Safe System recognised by International organisations such as the World Health Organization and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, accepts that human beings make mistakes and seek to prevent these errors from causing death or serious injury.

Following this approach, international organisations advise that speed limits be established considering the forces that the human body can tolerate, which in the case of the urban environment should not exceed 30 kilometres per hour when vulnerable users may use the same space. In areas with intersections and high risk of lateral collisions the appropriate maximum speed would be 50 kilometres per hour on conventional roads without physical lane separation.

Approaching this Safe System, the DGT unified the generic speed on conventional roads at 90 kilometres per hour. These roads are where 75% of fatal accidents occurred last year, of which 38% were road exits and 27% frontal collisions (consolidated data from 2018).

As regards vehicles, the European Union has taken a step forward by forcing all new vehicles marketed in Europe from 2022 to incorporate, among other driving assistance systems, the intelligent speed limiter ISA that works with connected GPS and equipped with a camera that reads road signs, and warns the driver when the speed limit is exceeded.

Traffic regulations state that the maximum generic speed for passenger cars and motorcycles on motorways 120 kilometres per hour, 90 kilometres per hour on secondary roads, and 50 kilometres per hour on urban roads.

Therefore, and taking into account these speeds, drivers who do not comply with them will be committing a serious or very serious offence, punished with a fine of between 100 to 600 euro and the loss of between 2 and 6 points, depending on the severity of the offence.

In the event that speed is greater than 60 kilometres per hour on urban roads or 80 kilometres per hour on interurban roads more than that permitted, the Penal Code criminalises the activity and is punishable by imprisonment of three to six months or a fine of six to twelve months or work for the benefit of the community from thirty-one to ninety days, and, in any case, to the deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for a period greater than one and up to four years.

### Myth Busting: Flip Flops

It seems to get earlier in the season each year when stories are shared through social media channels explaining certain summer fines such as those for driving when wearing flip flops.



Firstly, let us be clear, driving in flip flops, or other inappropriate footwear, can be very dangerous, as was the case in 2016 when a loose fitting sandal got trapped behind the brake pedal of a car in Manchester, the car crashing into a wall and a little girl being killed as a result, something the driving father will have to live with for the rest of his life. However, despite the danger, there is no specific law dictating what sort of footwear can be worn when driving.

There are however laws which dictate that as a driver you must always be in full control of your vehicle. If you are wearing inappropriate footwear and are involved in an incident, a collision, or are caught committing an offence, speeding as an example, then you are clearly not in full control and it can be taken into consideration.

When you drive with flip flops if becomes easier to be involved in an incident. When you drive back home from the beach, for example, your flip flops are often wet and have sand on them, therefore you have a high risk of losing your flip flops while driving or when you use your car pedals. With Flip flops you cannot break or accelerate properly, ALL these factors can end in a traffic incident or infraction and in these cases, you can be fined for driving with inappropriate footwear.

Wearing appropriate footwear is a must when driving. When you think about the physical process required to make a vehicle go, turn, or stop, all the actions are performed by our hands and feet.

In the UK, Rule 97 of the Highway Codes states that before setting off, you should ensure that “clothing and footwear do not prevent you using the controls in the correct manner”.

If we consider a driver who is barefoot, for example, there is nothing illegal about this, but controlling the clutch, and even the brakes, can require a lot of pressure, which may prove difficult if a driver is barefoot. Feet can sweat and reduce the traction and wearing of socks or stockings is not ideal either, on account of the pressure needed.

Flip flops and sandals are considered by far the most dangerous of all inappropriate footwear. Shoes which don´t fit securely may fall off when driving and can get in the way of the pedals as we have explained. Equally dangerous is how the foot can slip whilst the shoe remains in contact with the pedal, thus reducing braking time and causing a considerable risk when stopping.

High heels also pose their own problems, largely because these shoes are designed to alter the shape of the foot and ankle to raise the profile of the wearer. That´s all very well for a glamorous stroll through a prestigious event, but when sitting in a driving position the shape of the shoe prevents correct contact with the pedals, again reducing the response time.

Supposing a lack of control of the clutch makes the car lunge forward and hit something in front, or the reaction time is reduced due to stumbling feet and you are unable to stop before hitting an obstacle, if it is likely that the inappropriate footwear was a contributing factor, the driver may well see a fine issued. Similarly, if an insurance company decides that inappropriate footwear was a contributing factor, it may lessen the compensation amount in the event of a claim.

As for choosing the most appropriate shoe for driving, comfort is important and a flat shoe that will not easily slip off is best, not too wide, and secure. You can buy specific driving shores, but laced, Velcro or secure slip-on plimsolls or trainers are ideal, so long as they are flat, with rubber grip on the underside which provides excellent traction and control over the pedals.

Shoes that allow the driver to feel the pedal through the shoe, whilst still being able to apply sufficient pressure without discomfort, are the best for the job.

We strongly recommend that you always wear appropriate, fitting footwear when you drive, for the reasons we have explained, inappropriate footwear will be taken into consideration, but they are not expressly forbidden.

 

 

### DGT Functions Online

A few months ago, the Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) launched its Electronic Office, a website designed to facilitate all kinds of traffic related functions without the need for making an appointment or going to your local trafico office. In recent months, as previously featured, the miDGT app has also been operational, the application that allows you to carry all the information related to your driving licence and to your vehicle on your mobile.



If the health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated anything, it is that the digital world has radically changed our lives. In many cases, it is not even necessary to physically go to work, since a computer and Internet connection means we can carry out these tasks from home. Public administrations are also assuming this virtual reality and are digitising many of their processes. This is the case of the Electronic Office the DGT presented last December.

According to Miguel Martín, IT manager of the DGT, this new tool has a triple objective: "First, to better organise the information on the procedures that a citizen can carry out digitally with the DGT" ; second, “offer personalised information and services through the miDGT section”, and third,  “improve accessibility and usability, making the user experience more pleasant”.

More and more services

Since December 2019, the page has registered more than 100 million visits and more than 400 million pages have been consulted. Almost 30 million procedures have also been carried out and more than a million fines have been paid online. Martín ensures that, on a normal day, 100,000 visits are reached, 5,000 of which are to the miDGT section - a personal access area, with a password, with our personalised information.

In the future, services will be expanded so that "any procedure can be carried out digitally and easily," says Miguel Martín, who stresses that the objective is that, between this year and next,  "practically all of our procedures ” will not require face-to-face protocols, especially “ those with the highest volume and impact”.

What does it offer?

In the Electronic Office, we can find everything related to the driving licence and our vehicle: request a special authorisation to drive or a duplicate licence, pay a fine or consult important information related to the DGT, among others.

Accessible in all the official Spanish languages ​(Spanish, Catalan, Basque and Galician), the site also has a translation function for English, German and French, this page offers clear information and simple to use services. According to Martín, with the new design and more languages, the DGT wanted to anticipate and adapt to the needs of the user.

The DGT´s electronic office is available at: sede.dgt.gob.es

### The Enemy Within!

With the declaration of the State of Alarm due to the COVID-19 pandemic, sleep problems in Spain have increased by 30%. Driving without having slept well, either for this reason or for others, such as suffering from sleep apnoea, increases the risk.

Young woman sleeping in car on wheel

Before quarantine began, almost 60% of Spanish residents reported trouble sleeping. That percentage could have reached up to 90% during the State of Alarm, according to the calculations of Dr. Elia Gómez Merino, a pulmonologist and expert doctor in Sleep Medicine at the HLA Vistahermosa Sleep Unit. Increased levels of anxiety and depression, due to lack of control of the situation, can cause insomnia or problems falling asleep.

Risk factor

According to Dr. Gómez, not sleeping correctly generates metabolic, cardiovascular, cognitive, gastrointestinal, and emotional problems. Establishing routines, avoiding exciting substances such as alcohol or caffeine, doing some physical exercise and avoiding long naps are some of the tips for better sleep.

Not having a restful sleep at night negatively influences road safety. Fatigue or daytime sleepiness are behind 30% of traffic incidents, according to the article signed by the late doctor Joaquín Terán (then head of the Sleep Unit of the Burgos Assistance Complex) and other experts in “Archives of Broncho pneumology”. This article indicates that these road accidents have high mortality rates. In general, these are accidents on main roads, which take place in the middle of the afternoon or around midnight and with a single vehicle that goes off the road.

Chronic sleep

This group of experts emphasises that drowsiness is “an important risk factor for traffic accidents”. And they add that those most likely to suffer it are professional drivers (more time behind the wheel), those who work very long shifts, people who sleep less than 6 hours, those who consume alcohol, hypnotics or other medications, and “people who have symptoms related to the presence of undiagnosed sleep apnoea or other sleep disorders.”

Dr. Fernando Masa, head of Pneumology at the San Pedro Alcántara de Cáceres Hospital and a member of SEPAR (Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery), highlights that a study carried out in the year 2000 of 4,002 drivers, showed that on 3, 6% of Spanish drivers suffered from chronic sleep during the day (about 500,000 people, since that year there were about 12 million people with driving licences in Spain). Of that percentage, 81% acknowledged falling asleep at the wheel at some time, while 25% did so regularly.

Spain, pioneer against apnoea

In 2016, Spain incorporated the European Directive that regulates psychophysical skills to obtain or extend a driving licence; one of them refers to sleep apnoea. However, the country had already included it years before in the General Regulations for Drivers (Annex IV).

From the DGT, a protocol is promoted for the Driver Recognition Centres (CRC) to carry out an individualized assessment. People diagnosed with apnoea must submit a report from the Sleep Unit that treats them, which specifies whether the disease is controlled, especially drowsiness and the type, compliance and efficacy of treatment (CPAP, mandibular advancement device), weight loss, etc.). If everything turns out positive, their driving licence is renewed for one year if they are professional drivers and for three the rest.

However, specialists recommend “carrying out a screening to detect the presence of SAHS” and assess sleepiness by combining the Epworth Scale (a short questionnaire that asks about everyday situations in which a person falls asleep) with the STOP-Bang questionnaire (which includes a series of objective data, such as hypertension, body mass index greater than 35 kg / m2, age, neck circumference, etc.).

### Your Licence on your Mobile

The DGT has launched a new app that is the first step to providing documentation in digital form, allowing you to carry your driving licence on your mobile.

Automatic parking concept - hand holding and touching phone, parking a car automaticaly

The miDGT app - which has already been downloaded over a million times – allows you to leave your licence at home as it serves as a replacement for the official document. In addition, the app sends notices and news direct to your mobile device, all from the official source.

The app provides the opportunity to have a digital version of your photocard, and also gives you the opportunity to check your points, the data of the vehicles owned, environmental signs, ITV date, and to receive notifications regarding these data.

The launch is only the first stage of the development of the digital platform. During a second stage, the possibility of carrying out the procedures that are carried out at trafico offices or via the Internet, such as payment of fees to carry out procedures, notice and payment of fines, obtaining a vehicle report, the identification of the driver in case of sanction, determination of the habitual driver and the consultation of the exam notes, will all be included.

In the third phase, the registration and transfer (second-hand sale) of vehicles through miDGT will be included. In the future, the DGT wants to study how to send users only the messages that are relevant to them. Thus, for example, notifying you of when your licence is due to expire, as well as relevant information based on your location - for example, where the nearest ITV or traffic department is located.

Beware of imitations!

Other applications with similar functions are advertised in the app stores. In reality, they are websites that request user data - the DGT app does not request this - and, with them, they consult the DGT website to provide that data to their user. These unofficial apps have two disadvantages: first, that they can be monetised by introducing advertising to the user and the second, and more serious, is that the user is giving them their data that could be used for other purposes.

To ensure that the downloaded application is the official one, always look for the "miDGT" logo and make sure that the developer is the DGT itself. This will prevent advertising and ensure that your data is held by the Administration.

### UK Drivers Granted 7-Month Photocard Licence Extension

If you are a habitual resident in Spain, you should have already exchanged your driving licence for the Spanish equivalent. However, holders of a UK driving licence have been granted an extension by the UK Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency, DVLA.



According to the DVLA, in order to make it easier for drivers who need to update their photocard licence with a new photo at the end of the 10 years validity, photocard driving licences that expire between 1 February 2020 and 31 August 2020 will be automatically extended for 7 months from the expiry date.

Drivers do not need to take any action as the extension will be automatic and they will be sent a renewal reminder before their 7-month extension ends.

If a driver has already applied online to renew their photocard, this will be processed as normal. If they have already sent a paper application to renew their photocard there will be delays in processing, but the 7-month extension will apply in the meantime.

This extension applies to the photocard renewal date. It does not apply where a driver’s entitlement to drive is due to expire if they wish to continue to hold a valid licence - they need to renew this in the normal way.

Remember, this is only for UK licence holders who may be classed as visitors to Spain and in now way alters the need to exchange your licence if you live here in Spain.

### Driving Licence Expiry

07/05/2020 - The DGT reminds you that the driving licences that have expired during the state of alarm, maintain their validity for up to 60 days after the state of alarm ends.

The majority of Driving Licence Renewal Clinics open from May 11th.

 

### State of Alarm Extended

06/05/2020 - The State of Alarm has just been extended until May 24th.

This is the fourth renovation and it has been passed with 178 votes in favour.

The de-escalation plan will still continue as planned.

The phases still going on !!!

Following the comments on the post regarding the extension of the State of Alarm to 24th May, many people are concerned that the extension affects bars opening, travelling and time slots for exercise etc.

Everything stays the same, the planned relaxing of lockdown rules continues. Nothing has changed. As usual further clarification will be given by the government at the weekend for the coming week with the full details. We will then translate and post so by Monday 11th all are aware of the new rules.

 

### De-escalation FAQ

04/05/2020 - De-escalation FAQ

The first few pages of the government document answering frequently asked questions translated. Hopefully answers some of your questions ;)

You can find more Q&A here:

https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/serviciosdeprensa/notasprensa/sanidad14/Documents/2020/03052020_Desescalada.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1xK5KU-ZjolAg9qQ-F62SxxdC1fvGQrALIBpV6VmA46ne7uKtXWCP6VNwhttps://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/serviciosdeprensa/notasprensa/sanidad14/Documents/2020/03052020_Desescalada.pdf?fbclid=IwAR1xK5KU-ZjolAg9qQ-F62SxxdC1fvGQrALIBpV6VmA46ne7uKtXWCP6VNw

Translated by Phoebe Liddiard

### Information about Bars opening for Take Away

04/05/2020 - Information about bars / restaurants re-opening from today for takeaway/delivery service

Translation by Phoebe Liddiard

### Insurance Green Card will Cease to be Green

When an insured vehicle travels to certain countries, the owner is responsible for ensuring that a “green card” is issued by the insuring company, however, from next year, that document when issued in Spain will no longer be green.



As leading ex-pat insurer Ibex Insurance explained, after many years of working on the proposal initiated by Ofesauto, the 'Consejo de Oficinas Nacionales' (in charge of regulating the format and structure of the Green Card for the 48 countries that form part of it), the association has allowed the document to be generated in a pdf format so that it can be sent by email and printed in black and white and in just one side of an A4 sheet of paper.

This is just one step forward so that checks can be carried out internationally for any vehicle of any nationality digitally instead of physically. Right now, for countries that are not part of the European Union (the nearest to Spain would be Morocco), the paper document will still be necessary to confirm that a Spanish vehicle is insured. But at least, it will not be mandatory for the document to be printed in green any longer as there is no requirement that it must be printed by the insurance company. For example, the policyholder will be able to print the document the same way as they print a Boarding Pass.

In view of this possibility, Ofesauto, as the responsible body, has developed a web platform to assist in the issuing of Green Cards, which will be fully operational as of April 1, 2021.

This decision will mean significant cost savings, both financial and administrative, for all entities, since currently when they decide to issue a 'Green Card' they have to physically print the document in a certain format and colour, and physically send it by post.

In addition, from the point of view of the management of claims occurred in those countries where the 'Green Card' is necessary, and especially with regard to both foreign security forces and victims, Ofesauto will have a single central registry to consult in real time which entity has issued a certain 'Green Card'.

With this step, "the Spanish insurance sector once again acts as an example of cohesion and common collaboration in the development of solutions that benefit not only all entities, but society as a whole and victims of accidents in particular."

At the moment, nothing changes, as it will be from April 1 of next year when the use of platform is mandatory.

### Málaga Testing Autonomous Bus

The city of Málaga is launching a test of an autonomous bus, which will be a pioneering experiment into the viability of new smart-city mobility projects.

The first standard-size autonomous bus will be on the streets of Málaga

Although tests of autonomous buses have already been carried out in various locations, this one is the first to use a vehicle which is a standard-sized bus, rather than a scaled down version.

The Avanza bus company, along with the city´s government, are participating in the test through the normal transport network which will see the bus used on Línea 90, between Estación Marítima and Paseo del Parque.

Málaga´s commitment to becoming a smart city doesn´t stop at the bus service however. The municipality will invest 180,000 euro in the acquisition of intelligent traffic lights that communicate with the autonomous bus, through the Urban Innovation and Digitalization area.

As a result, the vehicle will be able to read and communicate real traffic conditions throughout the route.

### The Risks of Older Vehicles

As technology advances, so do the safety features of our vehicles. The near future may well see autonomous vehicles on the roads, but they will still have to mix with cars of today, and yesterday, for some time yet.

 

Sadly, the risk of death or serious injury is multiplied by two when comparing incidents that occur with vehicles 10 to 15 years old, in relation to vehicles less than 5 years old, which is why the proper maintenance of all safety elements becomes an essential activity.

 

The situation is of great concern to the DGT, which is why the annual calendar of campaigns includes one dedicated exclusively to the monitoring of the conditions of vehicles on roads.

 

That campaign has been running all this week and will continue to run through the weekend until Sunday 26 January.



During the campaign, officers from the Guardia Civil, assisted by colleagues from the regional and local police in many parts, are paying special attention to the proper maintenance and tuning of all vehicle safety elements, including tyres, brakes, lights, signals and the windows.

 

In addition to the physical characteristics, the officers are also checking documentation, which not only involves checks at the roadside, it includes automatic number plate recognition cameras that can check for a valid ITV being in place on the vehicle.

 

The correct maintenance of a vehicle contributes decisively to ensure adequate safety conditions throughout its useful life. These safety conditions are periodically verified in the technical inspections (ITV). In the last campaign it was discovered that 1.64% of the vehicles on the road don´t have a valid ITV.

 

Tyres:

The tyres are the only surface of the vehicle in contact with the road. They are responsible for ensuring adhesion in acceleration, braking and lateral sliding. They also ensure that the direction of travel of the vehicle is as desired by the driver and the damping of road imperfections. It is recommended that the groove depth be at least 3 millimetres, although the legal minimum is 1.6 millimetres.

Approximately more than a million vehicles, 5% of vehicles on the road, have serious defects with the wheels, mainly because they have a depth below the legal minimum of 1.6 mm, have irregular wear due to bad suspension or incorrect alignment, or incorrect pressure.

In addition, vehicles related to professional use such as vans have higher rates of tyre defects.

It is also necessary to regularly check the cold tyre pressure, including the spare wheel, as well as check for possible air leaks from the valves. The cap of the same constitutes an element of tightness, so its use is essential.

 

Lighting:

The purpose of vehicle lights is not only to see, but also to be seen, since each vehicle is, in practice, an obstacle for others, so the definition of its presence is also significant.

So that driving is carried out in safe conditions, it is advisable to pay special attention to the use, maintenance and regulation of the headlights, to get, on the one hand, sufficient light and, on the other, not to dazzle those who are also driving on public roads.

 	Bulbs reduce their intensity with use, so they must be changed every 40,000 km. or 2 years.
 	The bulbs must be changed in pairs, because their use is symmetrical in most cases.
 	It is necessary to always keep the lights clean.

 

Other elements:

 

In addition to lights and tyres, the following elements are also checked and should be monitored closely:

The number plates: The driver must verify that the number plates of the vehicle do not present obstacles that impede or hinder their reading and identification and are not damaged or tampered with.

Carrying the illegible registration number is a serious infraction with a sanction of 200 euro but manipulating the registration plate to try to evade traffic laws can lead to a fine of 6,000 euro and the loss of 6 points.

 

Windscreen: The driver must verify that the windscreen does not present any damage, since it is a fundamental part in the structural resistance of the vehicle, in the efficiency of the airbag and in the support of cameras and sensors of driving assistance devices.

 

The documentation of the vehicle that must be carried, in addition to the mandatory driving licence is:

 	Vehicle logbook, which contains the technical data of the vehicle and the data of its owner (or an authorisation from the Traffic Department).
 	ITV card and corresponding sticker, visible on the front windscreen.

### Replacement Logbook Application

If you have lost your Spanish logbook, or if it has become damaged beyond use, you can now apply for a replacement online using your electronic ID, digital signature or Cl@ve.



The logbook, or permiso de circulación, and the ITV card, are both mandatory documents which must be carried in the vehicle in Spain. There are future exemptions for vehicles which will have digital ITV cards, but for the most, the paper documents are still required.

However, because they are made of paper, they can easily become damaged or lost. It is important to note that only the original documents, or those certified by a Notary are acceptable, you can´t simply photocopy them yourself.

In order to make it easier to obtain a replacement, the DGT has now provided the facility to apply for a duplicate online using your digital signature or approved electronic identity.

The permiso de circulación is the document that identifies the ownership of any type of vehicle - including special vehicles, agricultural and works and services.

You can request a duplicate in cases of theft, deterioration or loss. You can request the renewal in the case of change of data (name, surname, company name, change of service, reform of importance, etc.).

Before making the duplicate or renewal, you must make sure that your vehicle has no restriction to drive. To do this, access the reduced report of your vehicle. If the result of the consultation indicates that you have Incidents, it is recommended that you consult the nearest Provincial Headquarters or request a detailed report of the vehicle in order to know the details and resolve them. Only a vehicle without incidents can continue with the duplicate request.

If what has changed is the municipality in which you are registered, what you must do is a change the registered address of your vehicle. You may also have to change the address on your driving licence, if you have moved.

The ITV card or data sheet is the document that proves that the vehicle is approved to travel on the roads. These cards are issued by ITV stations, if you need a duplicate of that, you must request it at any ITV station. However, if your vehicle has the electronic ITV card or eITV, then the duplicate can be provided by the trafico offices.

How to apply for the duplicate:

 	Online - Only for cases of duplicate due to loss, theft or deterioration of the permiso de circulación. This can be done through the web portal:

https://sedeclave.dgt.gob.es/WEB_RELW/web/asunto/DUPV

The new permit will be sent directly by mail to the address you indicate in the "Modo de notificación" section. You will receive it in approximately two weeks from the receipt of the application.

 	In person - Delivering all documentation at any trafico office (Alicante or Elche are the closest). In this case, you need to request an appointment online or by calling 060.
 	In Post offices - You can request the duplicate in the commercial network of Correos for cases of loss, deterioration or theft thereof.

Full details of the procedure are available online via the DGT website, https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/vehiculos/duplicados-renovaciones/

### Changes to Driving Laws Expected in 2020

As we enter a new year, we will enter a new phase in traffic law changes, and a new strategy with the aim of reducing road fatalities on the ‘road to zero’.

The DGT is already working, on behalf of the Ministry of Interior, on the new Road Safety Strategy 2021-2030 which aims to half the number of deaths and serious injuries. Sadly, as advice often goes unheeded, legislation is needed to force drivers to comply with safer practices.

 

Points System

Since it was introduced, the points system has been credited with being responsible for saving countless lives, but it is now due an update. The main developments will involve harsher penalties for mobile phone use.

Stricter penalties expected for mobile phone use

Driver Training

The general rules for drivers will see updates in the training regime. Primarily, there will be a mandatory 8 hours of theoretical classes of hazard awareness and sensitisation in road safety, focusing on values, principles, attitudes and safe behaviours behind the wheel, since attitudes in bad practices are self-evident.

Motorcycles

Motorcyclists will also see changes to their training courses, not only for those starting out on two wheels, but also for riders who are already qualified. Some courses will be aimed at riders who have committed infractions, but others will enable bikers to obtain bonus penalty points for completing the courses. The objective of the latter is to train those holders of a valid licence and encourage adopting good practices in driving and equipment, thus reducing serious incidents.

Motorcyclists will see more education and enforcement

Speed

The maximum permitted speed limit in towns and cities will be reduced on the majority of roads. There will be a maximum limit of 30 kilometres per hour on single-lane roads, with the aim of ​​protecting the vulnerable (included in the Royal Decree on urban traffic measures).

Personal Mobility Vehicles

The legislation controlling personal mobility vehicles, such as electric scooters, is going through the final stages. Guidelines have already been introduced to control these vehicles, but the legislation will make it easier for everyone to understand the restrictions based on speed and power and were they can and cannot be used.

Warning Triangles

The first strategy will be created which will pave the way for the replacement of warning triangles in January 2024. This plan will be for vehicles to carry additional warning lights which can be used in an emergency, rather than the triangles. These lights can be used now in conjunction with the hazard lights and triangles, but the legislation will see them ultimately replacing warning triangles.



It is worth noting that these plans will all have to go through the consultation phase before implementation, and so there may be changes once they are at the final stages, but of course we will keep you updated as they are implemented.

### New Year, New Figures

In 2019, the year when we say a reduction in the maximum permitted speed on the main road network reduce, the location of most fatal and serious incidents, we also saw the lowest fatality rate since record began in Spain. However, there is no room for complacency as a single death is one too many, and the figures took a turn for the worse when we look solely at the Christmas and New Year period.

File photo

During 2019 there were 1,007 fatal incidents on the interurban roads, in which 1,098 people have died and another 4,395 required hospital admission, which represents a 6.7% decrease in the number of incidents (-72); -7.6% in the number of deaths (-90) and a decrease of 3.8% in serious injuries (-174).

The reduction has also occurred during a time of growth in terms of mobility, both in the number of long-distance journeys made and the number of vehicles and drivers. In 2019, movements increased by 2.5% (10.2 million more), which means that over 427 million long-distance journeys were made during the past year; The number of vehicles has increased by 2.2%, standing at 34.5 million, and the census of drivers has grown by 1.3%, reaching 27.2 million drivers.

We must also keep in mind that the figures are provisional and the final balance will include deaths and serious injuries recorded after 24 hours following an incident, as well as those recorded on local roads.

The data does show that of the 365 days of last year, only 37 saw no fatalities. The worst day in terms of fatalities was Sunday 21 July 21, with 13 deaths. On average, 3 people lose their lives on the road every single day.

Statistics throughout the summer months have contributed to the lower annual figure with 46 fewer fatalities compared to last year. In fact, August saw the least number of deaths in recorded history.

Similarly, with 74 people losing their lives in April, that month was also the lowest death toll in history, and June, with 78 people being killed, matched the lowest figure ever recorded.

To date, 2015 was the year with the least deaths on the roads, specifically 1,131 deaths were recorded. This year, with 50 million more trips than in 2015, 3 million more vehicles and 1 million more drivers, 1,098 people lost their lives.

However, although the collective year showed a more positive light, the Christmas period saw a total of 57 people losing their lives in 52 fatal incidents between Friday 20 December 20 and Monday 6 January 2020, an increase over the same period last year when 49 people lost their lives in interurban roads. Moreover, of the 57 people who died, 21 are vulnerable users: 10 pedestrians, 9 motorcyclists and 2 cyclists.

Of the 35 people who were in cars of vans, 5 were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident which ultimately cost them their lives.

In terms of the location of incidents throughout the year, 800 people died on conventional roads, a reduction of 84 compared to 2018, a drop of 9.5%. Despite the decline, this type of road remains the most dangerous and where the highest number of fatalities are registered (73% of the total number of deaths).

In high-capacity roads, the number of fatalities also decreased compared to the previous year, but to a lesser extent. Specifically, in 2019, 298 people died on motorways, compared to 304 in 2018. Those killed on these roads account for 27% of the total deaths.

Vehicles leaving the carriageway remains the most common incident with 39% of those killed, followed by frontal collisions (23%), front-side collision (12%), running over a pedestrian (11%) and rear-end collision (9%). Percentages all of which remain stable compared to the previous year.

The age group where the most fatalities occurred is the 45 to 54 years, with 20% (221 dead), followed by those over 65 with 19% of the dead (210).

The DGT is promising more action to combat dangerous activities and movements carried out by motorcyclists this year, which is understandable when we see that there were 264 bikers killed, 47 more than the previous year. In contrast, there were 19 moped riders killed, a reduction of 11 compared to 2018.

Similarly, there were 22 fewer pedestrians killed, although 115 people still lost their lives, and there were 40 cyclist fatalities, an increase of 4.

It is also worth noting that for the first time in history there were zero fatalities involving intercity buses.

Of those killed in cars and vans, 20% were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident, which statistically means that of the 116 deaths, 63 of them are likely to be still alive today. Similarly, of the 264 motorcyclists killed, 11 were not wearing a helmet, nor were 16 of the 40 cyclists who were killed.

 

 

### Have You Got Your Environmental Badge?

The New Year saw a new era in motoring in cities such as Barcelona, where the need to control pollution is now far exceeding the need of the motorist.



Although it has been in existence for a couple of years now, and is still not mandatory, the need for obtaining an environmental badge, or “eco sticker”, is ever increasing.

The DGT explain that the eco sticker a way of classifying vehicles “based on their energy efficiency, considering their environmental impact.”

That classification aims to “positively discriminate against the most environmentally friendly vehicles and be an effective instrument at the service of municipal policies, both restrictive of traffic in episodes of high pollution, and the promotion of new technologies through tax benefits or related to mobility and the environment.”

Although there are several outlets in the CETRAA workshop and the IDEAUTO administrative networks where you can obtain the sticker, by far the easiest way is from the correos post offices. All you have to do is present your car´s logbook and if you qualify then they will issue the sticker in exchange for a small fee.

However, not all vehicles will qualify for one of the four distinctions, so it is worth checking your car, especially is it is an older model, before you go.

In order to check if your vehicle is entitled to display an environmental badge, visit the webpage: https://sede.dgt.gob.es/es/vehiculos/distintivo-ambiental/, put your vehicle´s registration number in the box under the saying, “Introduce matrícula a consultar:”, and press the blue “Consultar” button. After a few moments, if your vehicle qualifies, you will be told which badge you can display in your vehicle.

The four badges available are:

 	0 emissions, Blue: Identifies the most efficient and electric vehicles with extended autonomy and plug-in hybrids with a minimum autonomy of 40kms or fuel cell vehicles.
 	Eco Label: Next in efficiency, mostly hybrid vehicles, gas or both.
 	C, Green: Internal combustion vehicles that comply with the latest EURO emissions standards.
 	B, Yellow: Internal combustion vehicles that, while not complying with the latest EURO emission specifications, do comply with previous ones.

All other vehicles that don´t qualify will not be permitted to display the badge and will also not be permitted to drive in the restricted zones, or you face a fine.

### Say NO to Alcohol or Drugs

Last week, the Guardia Civil, assisted by the local, regional and National Police, were carrying out an extensive surveillance campaign looking for drivers who had consumed alcohol or drugs before driving, and as the season continues, so do the campaigns.



Spain does have a prescribed limit, which is less than other countries, including the UK for example, but the only safe limit for either alcohol or drugs before driving is zero.

There have been numerous hard-hitting campaigns over the years which try to raise awareness of the dangers of alcohol and drugs, and although many people do acknowledge and observe the dangers, there are still those who choose to risk their own lives, and the lives of others, by drinking, or consuming drugs, or both, before driving.

It is worth noting also that the roadside breathalyser in Spain is used in evidence, and so if you fail at the roadside you face the immediate consequences.

 

Sanctions:

If you fail a breathalyser test and the result shows a rate of more than 0.25 mg / l but is less than 0.50 mg / l, the driver faces a penalty of 500 euro and loss of 4 points.

If the breathalyser test result shows a rate of more than 0.50 mg / l, the driver faces a penalty of 1,000 euro and a loss of 6 points.

Repeat offenders face a penalty of 1,000 euro and the loss of between 4 or 6 points, depending on the rate given.

If there is a drug present, the penalty for the driver is 1,000 euro and the loss of 6 points.

 

Penalties:

The Criminal Code typifies crimes against road safety and establishes the following penalties for driving with excess alcohol or under the influence of drugs.

Alcohol:

Rates higher than 0.60 mg / l in air and rates higher than 1.2 gr / l in blood - Prison for three to six months or a fine of six to twelve months or community service for 30 to 90 days, and deprivation of the right to drive for one to four years.

Refusal to submit to the test - Prison from six months to one year and deprivation of the right to drive from one to four years.

Drugs:

Driving under the influence of toxic drugs, narcotics or psychotropic substances - Prison for three to six months or a fine of six to twelve months or work for the benefit of the community for 30 to 90 days, and deprivation of the right to drive for one to four years.

Refusal to submit to the test - Prison from six months to one year and deprivation of the right to drive from one to four years.

### Prepare for Winter Driving

With many people about to set off on a road trip taking them back to their homeland for the festive season, it is important to remember that during a long journey the weather conditions can change dramatically, and although it may be sunny and pleasant when you set off, all too quickly the scene can be one of cold, wintery, snowy conditions.



The first thing to do for any trip is to plan your journey. There are numerous websites where this can be done, and smartphones are often the first choice. In Spain, the DGT not only has a website where the road conditions can be checked live, which you can access through dgt.es, they also have a mobile phone application which you can install for free, just search DGT in the app or play store.

We want to talk about snow in this article, partly because it can cause tremendous problems on the road network, before, during and after a snowfall.

During your journey, if there is a risk that you will be driving in snow, you really need to consider purchasing snow chains for your vehicle.

Carrying snow chains is not a mandatory requirement, but in some areas, where snow covers the road, it becomes compulsory to use them, and so having them ready is advisable.

The Guardia Civil, police or other authorities responsible for the road can impose a restriction without warning, placing signs on the roads indicating that the use of snow chains compulsory, and if you don´t have them with you, you have just one option, to wait until the road has been cleared by a snowplough or naturally, until the restriction is lifted.

Failure to adhere to the mandatory use is not only extremely dangerous, you risk a fine. If you see the “cadenas obligatorias”, or variant thereof, you must stop driving if you don´t have snow chains on your vehicle.

It might also be wise to take additional equipment with you, such as warm blankets, emergency food and drink, and always advise somebody of your journey and route, as mobile phone signals are not always as reliable as we might hope.

Winter Driving Kit

 	Cash: You never know when an unexpected expense will occur, especially in case of breakdown and, even if you have full insurance, there are always expenses.
 	Jumper cables: Always useful to have in case you need a jump start, or a lesser prepared motorist does.
 	Small shovel: You never know when you might need to dig yourself out. Not necessarily fully covered, but maybe just a wheel or two and it´s better than having to use your hands.
 	Sandbag: Useful to help you gain traction on ice and get your car back on the road. The good news is that even a simple bag of cat litter can do the job, you don´t have to search specialist stores.
 	Scraper or ice remover: Crucial for keeping the windows and lights clear of snow or ice. It is important not to create a “letterbox”, but to clear all the windows entirely.
 	Torch: We are in winter with fewer daylight hours, so a torch is a must.
 	Appropriate clothing and footwear: Necessary in case you have to get out of the car.
 	Food and water: Always sensible to carry something to eat and drink in the case of being stranded. Water is also useful to refill the antifreeze tank in case of emergency.

Remember that gritters are often out covering the road surface during snow. They spread an adhesive cover over the road which also helps to melt the snow, but when it does, it can also lead to dirty windows and lights, and it is crucial you keep these clear and clean at all times, even if it means stopping to clear them. Number plates must also be kept clear and clean.

Remember too that if there is a risk of any unusual weather on your route it is likely to take you longer to reach your destination. If you have a ferry or train booked, it is a good idea to leave earlier than planned, allowing extra time for the journey, so as you don’t have to rush.

### New Guidelines for Scooters and Mobility Vehicles

Prior to the final approval of the law which will ensure safer movements of personal mobility vehicles (Vehículos de Movilidad Personal or VMP), the director general of traffic has issued new guidelines for how these new modes of transport should be incorporated into daily life.

The objective is to establish clarifying criteria for users, city councils and law enforcement officers until the formal regulation is published.



The guidelines and subsequent law have come about due to the increase in personal mobility vehicles that are proliferating in urban areas, where these vehicles have become an alternative means of displacement for citizens.

The formal regulation of personal mobility vehicles is currently in the processing phase, but this does not prevent an instruction, such as the one published, from detailing the criteria to which these vehicles are subjected to within the current traffic regulations.
“The DGT has published the guidelines at the request of traffic police given the increase in situations that are occurring in many towns and cities that have a negative impact on road safety, especially when it affects vulnerable groups” said Javier Villalba, deputy director of regulations at the DGT.
The instruction advances the definition envisaged for VMP in the pending modification of the Reglamento General de Vehículos (RGC) with the objective of contributing to the transparency and competition of the affected operators, starting with the current and future users themselves.

According to the instruction a VMP is a vehicle with one or more wheels equipped with a single seat and propelled exclusively by electric motors that can provide the vehicle with a maximum design speed of between 6 and 25 kilometres per hour.

 

Therefore, the following are not classed as VMP:

 	Vehicles without self-balancing system and with saddle.
 	Vehicles designed for competition.
 	Vehicles for people with reduced mobility.
 	Vehicles included in the scope of EU Regulation N2 168/2013: scooters with a seat, motorcycles, two-wheel mopeds…. Remember that these vehicles require administrative authorisation to drive (ITV and vehicle registration, and driving licence), and require an insurance policy, in addition to the use of a helmet.



As a general rule, gadgets that do not exceed the speed of 6 kilometres per hour are considered toys. Those that can exceed 25 kilometres per hour are considered vehicles (mopeds).



VMPs do not require administrative authorisation (ITV and registration, and driving licence) to drive, or mandatory insurance. Therefore, points will not be deducted from the driver when it is clear that the type of vehicle is a VMP.

 

SANCTIONABLE BEHAVIOURS

For the knowledge of both users and traffic police, the instruction also includes those improper behaviours that are subject to sanctions and fines as they are considered unsafe practices:

 	Users of VMPs are obliged to undergo alcohol and drug tests, being sanctioned, with the same economic amount and consequences as if they were driving another vehicle, in case of exceeding alcohol rates (500 or 1,000 euro depending on the excess rate) or in case of presence of drugs (1,000 euro).
 	In case of refusing to submit to such tests, in principle and unless the competent Prosecutor's Office of the province can establish other criteria for a possible charge for a criminal offence typified in article 379.2 of the Criminal Code - which will always be of preferential application - they will be reported as an administrative infraction.
 	If the driver is positive for alcohol or drugs, the VMP is immobilised, as is the case with other vehicles.
 	As they are vehicle drivers, users are prohibited from using a mobile phone or any other manual communication system whilst driving. The penalty would be 200 euro (Article 12.2.5B of the RGC).
 	Users are prohibited from driving using headphones or headphones connected to receiving devices or sound players. If they are detected, they will be denounced by this precept with a 200 euro fine (Article 12.2.5A of the RGC).
 	Helmet and other protection elements. In the absence of a regulation in the RGC, the use of these elements will be governed by the provisions of the corresponding Municipal Ordinance. In the event that the ordinance regulates the mandatory use of a helmet, the sanction will be 200 euro (art 118.1 of the RGC) and will proceed with the immobilisation of the vehicle in accordance with article 104.1.c) of the consolidated text of the road safety law.
 	VMP are banned from driving on pavements and pedestrian areas, since Article 121 of the RGC prohibits the movement of any vehicle on pavements (except skateboards, skates or similar devices) being punishable with a 200 fine, with the qualifications that the Municipal Ordinances can establish.
 	VMP and other electrically powered light vehicles are only authorised to transport one person, so the movement of two or more people on a VMP is punishable by a 100 fine (Article 9.1.5.E of the RGC).
 	Driving at night or in poor visibility without lighting or high visibility garments with reflective elements is considered negligent and therefore punishable, since in these cases the driver does not show the necessary diligence to be seen by the other road users or the necessary precaution to avoid danger. The corresponding penalty is 200 euro (article 3.1 of the RGC).

The municipal ordinances are those that establish the prohibitions regarding the stopping and parking of these vehicles. As far as the DGT is concerned, pavements are for pedestrians, but the regulation is exclusively municipal.

In the case of the infractions being committed by persons under 18 years of age, the parents or guardians will be jointly and severally liable for the infraction committed by the minor.



COMMERCIALISED VEHICLES

Due to the electronic commerce and the possibility of acquiring vehicles that are sold as VMP but which are not, the DGT warns of the importance of looking at the technical characteristics of the device, paying special attention to speed, which cannot exceed 25 kilometres per hour, and the power.

In addition, if they are put into circulation, devices that apparently offer benefits (speed or power) greater than a VMP and do not meet the requirements of EU Regulation No 168/2013, cannot be driven on the roads subject to regulation and their drivers will be denounced with a penalty of 500 euro and will be immobilised and deposited thereof. This same group includes cases of VMP that have been manipulated to alter the speed or technical characteristics.

### Europe Approves Driver Assistance

The members of the European Union have supported the implementation of two new safety measure that will become mandatory in all new models that leave the factory, starting in 2022.

When the totally redesigned 2016 Nissan Maxima took the stage at the New York International Auto Show, one of its smallest details might be one of its most important - a little amber coffee cup symbol that may appear in the centre of the instrument panel.

The first system can detect if a driver is paying attention or fatigued, the second will immobilise the vehicle in the event of the driver having consumed alcohol.

These new measures are in addition to previously agreed systems that were approved in April, which obliges brands to include emergency braking systems and speed warnings in the standard equipment of all models, whether passenger cars, commercial vehicles, buses or trucks, since they have proven their effectiveness and contribute to reducing incident rates.

Now, these two additional features are to be added to the vehicle specifications.

Swedish car manufacturer Volvo is already forging ahead with plans to ensure that nobody loses their life or is seriously injured by a Volvo car and have already vowed that the alcohol detector will be fitted on all new Volvo models in 2020.

Both of the devices were first put to the EU in 2018 but only just seen approval, but when you consider that the statistics claim that the collective improvements will avoid 25,000 deaths and 140,000 serious injuries, it does make one wonder why it took so long.

Europe has also given the green light to a modification of the law for manufacturers to install an information recording device, a black box for want of a better phrase, which paves the way for the next technology, more advanced autonomous driving functions .

### Cyclist Training Proposal by the DGT

The modern road network is increasingly being shared by different forms of transport. Although the road has never been the priority domain of the motorcar, as automobiles get bigger and faster, the risk to the more vulnerable is greater, but on these shared spaces it is crucial to exercise an equal amount of respect and responsibility.



In recent years we have seen a tragic increase in the number of fatal and serious incidents involving cyclists. Motorcyclists too have seen an increase in the number of serious incidents, which is why the DGT has already said that they are developing campaigns which not only focus on the car, van and truck drivers, but also on the motorcyclists themselves to act in a responsible manner. Plans are now being discussed to adopt a similar stance towards cyclists, that of respect and responsibility.

Although in its early stages, the DGT is investigating the possibility of a training regime for cyclists, which may well include a test and, although nothing has been confirmed, a licence to ride.

Cyclist training according to the DGT is an "experimental line of action". The DGT will not require cycling training and, in fact, initially this training will be introduced as a pilot. The Educational Intervention Unit has already received the first instructions of the Directorate of Training and Road Education of the DGT, to take the first steps towards an educational process aimed at cyclists and, more specifically, those groups for which this type of training would prove more useful.

Cyclist training will initially be an experimental project and, of course, not mandatory, but accessible to anyone who wants to participate in the scheme through online courses

As the Director General, Pere Navarro, has stated on more than one occasion, the DGT considers the improvement of road safety in the city, and of vulnerable groups, such as cyclists and motorcyclists as a priority. The use of the bicycle and motorcycle has grown, and will grow even more in the future, driven by the proliferation of business models related to logistics, such as food delivery services, and online sales.

Understanding this evolution of mobility in cities, we will also understand to whom this cycling training of the DGT is aimed.

The DGT is preparing a series of actions, focused on training, and aimed at improving road safety in cities and protecting vulnerable groups

The objective of the DGT's cycling training is to provide theoretical training to bicycle users. For this, a whole series of actions will be promoted that initially start from on-line training courses. Courses that will be open to anyone who wants to participate in them.

As anticipated by the DGT, cycling training will not only focus on the most basic regulation and road safety training. The DGT also wants to focus these courses on bicycle tuning, riding and maintenance.

As we indicated, despite being open to anyone who wants to participate, the cycling training is aimed primarily at urban cyclists and those who make use of the bicycle in their daily work, collectives such as riders from companies such as Deliveroo , Balloon, Uber Eats, Just Eat, and so on. These are probably the most vulnerable groups and those who, unlike sports cyclists, who usually have high training in the use and maintenance of the bicycle, require greater support in training.

The DGT is also taking very similar steps aimed motorcyclists, even offering 4 driving licence points to bikers who voluntarily participate in the road safety training courses proposed by the DGT in collaboration with motorcyclist associations and driving schools.

We also know that the DGT is now in the final stages of legislative change that will control the use of electric scooters and other forms of transport that fall under the umbrella of urban transport, as each of these elements is crucial in the development of a sustainable road network, but must be used in a safe way.

### Driving in Wind

Wind is quite literally a force of nature that can provide welcome cooling on a hot summer´s day, generate electricity, and provide power to boats, amongst many other benefits, but it can also play havoc when driving.

According to the DGT, there are three main situations we should be aware of when it comes to driving on a windy day.



The exits of tunnels

Tunnels allow us to cross landforms easily and quickly, but in case of strong wind they can be synonymous with danger. To avoid problems, be sure to keep a firm grasp of the steering wheel when you are about to exit a tunnel.

 

After overtaking a large vehicle

We don´t need to get into the physics of drag but if you have ever overtaken a large vehicle on a windy say you will notice that forces are at work surrounding that vehicle before, during and after we pass.

The trucks can act as a wall so the wind and so once we pass, we can feel a gust coming from the side which could force our vehicle towards a direction we didn´t intend. Again, be sure to be gripping the steering wheel firmly.

 

Passing buildings near the road

If we drive through a windy area with large buildings located near the road, or densely wooded areas, they too can act as walls to the wind, making gusts stronger in open areas, which in turn can alter the stability of our vehicles. It is recommended to firmly hold the steering wheel and look, for example, at the surrounding vegetation or when openings such as streets may appear, to determine the strength and direction of the wind.

 

Overall, when driving on a windy day, you have probably gathered by now that it is important to keep a firm grip on the steering wheel. It is also important not to make any sudden movements, as the trajectory of our vehicle can alter in a fiercer manner than we might have anticipated when the wind catches the surfaces of the vehicle.

Try to maintain your course in the lane you are driving in and slow down if necessary, to reduce the risk overall. It is also important to maintain a safe distance, not only from vehicles in front and behind, but also vehicles to the side as we are overtaking or being overtaken.

Keep an eye out for warning signs too as wind can be present at any time in certain areas. Windsocks are sometimes used to indicate the power and direction of the wind, so take note if you see one of these too.

Be especially alert for large and small vehicles, such as trucks or motorbikes, as each of these will face their own challenges in wind and so extra care must be taken in their presence.

### What the DGT Says about Brexit

We saw last week what the UK licence issuing authority, the DVLA, has to say about BREXIT changes, this week it is the turn of the DGT, Spain´s traffic authority, to tell us their side of the story.



In the latest information published by the DGT, they are clear that if BREXIT takes place, your UK driving licence will not be valid for driving in Spain.

Although they will honour a period of transition for tourists, they have launched a special protocol to ensure you can exchange, replace or renew your licence under the same conditions prior to BREXIT, if you submit your application before November 1, 2019.

They explain further that if BREXIT takes place, the United Kingdom will cease to belong to the European Union, so all traffic agreements within the EU will no longer be valid for citizens of the UK. Among other things, this means that driving licences from the United Kingdom will only be valid for driving in Spain during the first 9 months after BREXIT, provided they are in valid.

If you want to continue driving in Spain, it will be necessary to make an exchange, renewal or replacement of your permit for an equivalent Spanish one, surrendering the original.

Spain has already set in motion the protocol to achieve this, and will guarantee an exchange, so long as you make the application before the deadline, and you are the holder of a full licence, and have habitual residence in Spain.

If you qualify, and apply before November 1, 2019, whatever happens on October 31, 2019, you will be guaranteed an appointment to exchange your licence for a period of 9 months from the date of BREXIT.

At the time of the procedure, the original permit will be withdrawn, and you will be given a temporary licence and in approximately one month and a half you will receive your Spanish licence through the post.

For the latest information from the DGT, you can check their website, dgt.es.

### Brexit Advice Latest

Although it seems like a resolution comes near then goes away again, Europe is still preparing for Brexit, and as such the DVLA is issuing constant advice as to how British driving licence holders need to prepare for the change.



If you are a resident in Spain then you should have changed your licence to a Spanish one already, in which case the advice doesn´t affect you. It is important that your licence is changed straight away. The DVLA, who is the issuing authority, so that you are liable for a fine if you fail to do this, irrespective of the time permitted in Spain.

If you are still driving with a licence issued in the United Kingdom, then Brexit changes affect you.

As now, you will need your UK driving licence to drive in an EU or EEA country. In addition, you may need one or more international driving permits (IDPs), depending on which country you’re going to or through.

There are 3 types of IDP: 1926 IDP, 1949 IDP and 1968 IDP. The type of IDP you need depends on the country you will be driving in.



For driving in Spain, you will not need an IDP when you are visiting the country until after the end of July 2020, or 9 months after the date the UK leaves the EU in the event of an extension.

After July 2020 you will still not need an IDP if you are a tourist and are visiting for a period of up to 6 months.

However, if you are staying in Spain for longer than 6 months then you will need a 1949 IDP. So, you will have to return to the UK to get that, another reason why residents must change their licence to a Spanish one as soon as possible.

If you drive between the United Kingdom and Spain, then you also need to be aware that you will need a different IDP for driving through France. You will need a 1968 IDP and your UK licence.

You will need to carry a motor insurance green card when driving in the EU and EEA. Contact your vehicle insurance provider 1 month before you travel to get green cards for your vehicle, caravan or trailer.

You’ll need multiple green cards if:

you have fleet insurance - you’ll need a green card for each vehicle

your vehicle is towing a trailer or caravan - you’ll need one for the towing vehicle and one for the trailer / caravan (you need separate trailer insurance in some countries)

you have 2 policies covering the duration of your trip, for example, if your policy renews during the journey

The UK recently introduced trailer registration and you will need to register some commercial and non-commercial trailers before towing them to or through most EU and EEA countries.

You should display a GB sticker on the rear of your vehicle, and trailer if you are towing one, even if you currently have a number plate which includes the GB identifier.



You will need a GB sticker even if you have a number plate with the Euro symbol and Great Britain national identifier.

If you are travelling with pets you also need to be aware that the Pet Passport Scheme, which is a European initiative, will also cease to be valid, and so you must consult with the terms that each country demands before transporting animals, including their return to the UK.

If you are involved in a road accident you might need to bring a claim against either the driver or the insurer of the vehicle in the EU or EEA country where the accident happened. This will vary by insurance company. You might have to make your claim in the local language.

You might not get compensation if the accident is caused by an uninsured driver or if the driver cannot be traced. This will vary from country to country.

The British government is constantly updating this information, and providing more, and so you should monitor the official website, gov.uk, for the latest updates.

### A Puzzled Driver

The DGT has published a video recorded by one of the Pegasus equipped helicopters, which shows a driver concentrating less on the road, and more on the puzzling dilemma in his hands.

In the footage we see that the driver has taken both hands off the steering wheel in order to manipulate a Rubik’s Cube.



The footage was taken a few months ago but released this week as part of a campaign raising awareness of how distractions when driving are dangerous.

In 2017, distraction appears as the primary contributing factor to fatal road traffic incidents by 33%, ahead of speed and alcohol, which is 29 and 26% respectively.

The distractions campaign is on now with as many officers as are available keeping a watchful eye on the roads, paying particular attention to those using their mobile phone, listening to loud music, engaged in deep conversations, eating a full meal, doing their makeup, and even playing games, all of which are common occurrences. All of which have potentially deadly consequences, quadrupling the chance of being involved in a serious or fatal incident.

The distractions campaign is part of a Europe-wide operation being coordinated by TISPOL, the European Traffic Police network.

### The Mathematics of the Stopping Distance

Maintaining a safe distance is one of the fundamental factors of road safety, however it is not always easy to calculate how much space we need to leave between us and the vehicle in front, although there is a simple solution to a mathematical problem.

Cpl. Colleen M. Doyle, a radio operator with Combat Logistics Regiment 27, 2nd Marine Logistics Group, talks to her instructor while driving during the Richard Petty Driver Experience course at Marine Corps Auxiliary Landing Field Bogue, N.C., Sept. 21, 2011. The course focused on braking, reaction times, tailgating and loss of control. (Photo by Sgt. Rachael K. A. Moore)

We will start with the science bit. There are the two main factors that influence how we are able to bring our vehicle to a safe stop. The first one is the reaction time, defined as “the time between the stimulation of a sensory organ and the start of a response or a reaction.” Applied to an emergency situation while driving, it is the time between we perceive a danger and act on the controls of the vehicle to avoid a collision.

The second factor is the braking distance, which, as its name indicates, is the distance it takes for our vehicle to stop completely from the moment we apply the brakes.

We will add in two points of reference here. Firstly, we will define the word, “hazard”, which in motoring terms is, “anything, actual or potential, which causes a vehicle to deviate speed, course or direction.”

The second point we will throw in here is that irrespective of maximum permitted speed limits on the road, we should always drive at such a speed which allows us to stop well within a distance we can see to be clear.

Now that we have those basic elements in mind, we will analyse a hypothetical situation in which we are driving on the motorway and the vehicle that precedes us abruptly stops.

Our natural reaction will be to step on the brake pedal as quickly and forcefully as possible to avoid the collision. The time that elapses between the perception of the danger, or hazard, and the moment we step on the brake pedal is the “reaction time”. During that time interval we will have travelled some distance before we actually started to reduce the speed of the vehicle.

Once we depress the brake pedal, the vehicle will still continue to travel forward, and will do so for a variable number of metres depending on the state of our brake equipment, the condition of the tyres, the suspension, and even the road condition, until we stop completely. This is the “braking distance”.

Although there are many different factors which determine the actual reaction time and braking distance, we can establish equations based on common elements. For example, in the hypothetical situation that we have just described, it is likely that the reaction time would be 0.75 seconds, assuming the driver is alert and in good physical and mental health. If we are tired or distracted, the reaction time is significantly affected. However, maintaining our 0.75 second principal reaction time, if we are on a motorway and travelling at 120 kilometres per hour, our vehicle would have travelled 25 metres before we depress the brake pedal.

The accurate braking distance is significantly more difficult to estimate, on account of the different parameters of each vehicle, road and environmental conditions, however we can generalise once again. A modern vehicle in good condition, on a good road in good weather will travel between 65 and 75 metres from a speed of 120 kilometres per hour.

In total, during our hypothetical situation, we travelled 25 metres and 70 metres during our respective reaction time and braking distance, and so 95 metres were covered from the moment we perceived the hazard and our vehicle coming to a stop. Therefore, it is crucial that we had a minimum of 100 metres distance between us and the vehicle in front to allow us to stop in time.

Again, we must stress the word, minimum. The more distance we have, the safer we will be. Remember these are optimum conditions we are talking about, but there are too many factors for it to be exact for every vehicle or situation. This, by the way, is the reason that distance marker chevrons are spaced at 100 metres apart on motorways. It is advisable to keep two chevrons apart from the vehicle in front, in other words, 200 metres, thus doubling our minimum safety distance.

We also mention the weather and environmental conditions. In wet weather the distance should always be at least doubled, although the roads are particularly hazardous during the first rain after a dry spell, so the more distance you can leave, the better.

We have discussed motorways, but the same equations apply on all roads. If we are travelling on an area of the conventional road network where the maximum permitted speed is 90 kilometres per hour, and the conditions allow us to do that safely, then we will have travelled 18.75 metres during the reaction time and the braking distance for a modern car in top condition would be 40 metres, and so we will have travelled almost 60 metres from the moment we noticed the hazard. Our minimum distance on these roads therefore should be 75 metres, although again it is better to double it to 150 metres.

On slower moving roads we should have at least 25 metres on roads where the maximum traffic flow is at 50 kilometres per hour, and 9 metres distance at 30 kilometres per hour.

So, now we have done the technical bit, we promised a simpler solution. You might remember the “two second rule” from your days of learning to drive. Well, the good news is that you can still use a variation of that concept.

Saying the phrase, “only a fool breaks the two second rule”, at a normal pace, even in your head, takes around 2 seconds. So, keeping an eye on the vehicle in front, watch as it passes a fixed point on the road, a sign, a shadow, a parked car, and say the phrase to yourself, or count if it´s easier. If you pass the same point before reaching the end of the sentence then you are too close, so back off.  It is better if you can leave 3 or 4 seconds, repeating the phrase. In our motorway scenario above, the car would travel over 60 metres in 2 seconds, so you can see that it´s not enough.

Remember, the more distance you can allow, the safer you will be, as you are then more likely to be able to stop well within the distance you can see to be clear.

### Children on Motorbikes

If you ride a motorbike, so long as you are old enough, have a full licence and the vehicle is correctly fitted with the appropriate equipment, you are permitted to carry a passenger.



You are also permitted to carry children as passengers, but there are some restrictions to ensure their safety.

Firstly, you, the rider, must be over 18. The child passenger must be over 12, although there is an exception to the rule of age, as a child of 7 or above can rise as a passenger being driven by their parent, guardian or person authorised by their parent or guardian, provided all other requirements are met.

Height is also important, as if the passenger´s feet don´t reach the footrests correctly, they cannot be carried.

The passenger must sit on the rearmost seat, which must be designed to carry passengers. In no case is it permitted for a passenger to sit between the driver and the handlebars of the motorcycle or moped, which also applies to bicycles incidentally.

Depending on your own insurance policy, you may also need additional cover in order to carry passengers, so check our policy before you do.

The passenger, like the rider, must wear an approved motorbike helmet and gloves are advised.

How many things can you see wrong in this picture?

### The Cost of Tolls

Although many drivers do pay the fee for travelling on the toll road network in Spain, there are many, many more that choose not to. Some areas have already seen the liberation of these roads, with other promised in the near future, but what is the real impact of allowing us all to save a few euro?

As the summer is coming to a close, areas such as the long-suffering N-332 as it passes through Torrevieja will be able to breathe a little once again, as the seasonal influx dies down. As an added bonus, the toll road which circles the town will also be reduced soon, as it is every year, to the discounted winter price. At the moment, there is no sign of the toll road which serves the Zenia Boulevard becoming free, a contentious topic which many believe would solve all of the problems of congestion in one go, but at a cost we may not realise.

The N-332 as it passes through Torrevieja

Parts of the AP-7 to the north of Alicante will become free from 1 January, 2020, or at least free for the drivers who choose to use it. The outcome however will be far deeper that the few euro saved on each trip, according to analysis of the economic impact.

We must remember that the toll roads are operated by private companies. These companies were involved in the initial investment and construction, and pay for the upkeep. They also pay their dues just like any other business, and ask any business owner of the cost of running their operation, however large or small it may be, and they will tell you in great detail how much they hand over in tax, insurance, running costs, wages, etc. Although a lot of the money they hand over may seem like a burden to a business, a lot of it comes back to us.

As we look at the AP-7 section near Alicante, the overall loss to the state, which ultimately funds us all, will be an annual loss of 150 million euro, according to the Valencia Chamber of Commerce. That loss includes social security income, IVA, and even the local taxes we all pay which go direct to the municipalities which the road runs through.

According to the accounts presented by the company which runs the section, Aumar (a subsidiary of Abertis), their turnover stands at around 356 million euro annually. Yes, that does mean that drivers are paying a lot of money to use the road, sometimes as  much as 37.35 euro per trip in fact, but 43% of their income goes straight out to the state and local administrations.

Of the 150 million they hand over, 30 million goes to the municipalities where the road operates through the IBI tax system (colloquially known as Suma in many places, after the name of the agency employed to collect the fees). Villa-real for example receives 180,000 euro for their part, which the town hall can then invest in the municipality as it sees fit (within reason).

It is perhaps no surprise that the town hall at Villa-real is not happy. To lose 180,000 euro revenue, on top of what they have already lost through the austere times, will have an impact on the local services they can provide.

If the AP-7 around La Zenia were to become free, Orihuela is one of the areas who would lose the revenue that IBI brings in, a small portion maybe, but a contribution from every single driver who passes through the area.

The toll booths at La Zenia, Orihuela

It is not only the Chamber of Commerce who are pointing out the “bigger picture” of the financial impact. Seopan, a national association of construction companies and concessionaires, did their own report. They say that the elimination of the tolls where the contracts end this year will result in an annual reduction of 450 million to the public coffers. Their figures combine the area north of Alicante, and the Barcelona-Tarragona section, which expires in 2021, the AP-1 Burgos-Armiñón (free since the end of November 2018), the AP-4 Sevilla-Cádiz, and the AP-2 Zaragoza-Mediterranean.

Furthermore, Ineca, the Institute of Economic Studies of Alicante, estimated that the end of the toll would generate an initial social acceptance but medium and long-term budgetary complications, translated into 326 million when the administration assumes all costs.

Of course there is a plus side to the individual. When the areas become free of tolls we can drive without paying directly, like drivers looking for a trip to the beach at Dénia saving around 18 euro , for example, or motorists covering the entire region who will see a direct saving of about 37 euro per trip.

Then there are the heavy good vehicles, transporting everything from our online purchases to our food and drink. HGV operators are set to save around 1,900 euro per vehicle per year, although quite whether those saving will be handed down to the consumer remains to be seen (yes, we know it´s doubtful).

Either way, the liberation of the toll road network is something which has been demanded for many years, with a apparent reluctance from some town halls to get behind the calls, but now we can perhaps see some of the reasons why. What might seem like a saving in the short term may only be a sticking plaster for the future, as the local authorities would take a hit on income, some of which may well be used to service local roads, and so although the traffic in some areas might decrease, it doesn´t necessarily translate to a brighter future.

### Ready for the School Run?

It´s just about time to go back to school, which means that there will be an increase in cars on the roads at certain times of day, the infamous “school run”, and more vulnerable road users out and about.



If you are taking children in the car, there are a few things you must remember, so the school run serves as a timely reminder.

Children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed in the front seats and must sit in the back. The only exceptions are if there are no rear seats, such as a sports car, or if the seats are already occupied by other children.

All occupants must be secured in the vehicle, by means of a seat belt, or specially designed retention system suitable for them, that includes children. Those of a younger age must have a suitable seat which must be secured.



Another important point to remember is that all vehicle occupants must wear a seat belt. Some cars only have two seat belts at the back. In this case, only two passengers can be carried. A seat belt is required for all occupants.



All objects must also be secure in the vehicle. That not only means their school bags, lunchboxes and football kit, but also that school project they have to take in, nearer the end of term.

It is a good idea to test the seat belts in your vehicle on a regular basis. Make sure the clasp clicks securely in the holder, that it locks in place and doesn´t pull out under pressure, whilst making sure it does open when the release button is pressed. You should also check the locking mechanism on the seat belt itself by pulling sharply on the belt, simulating a pull under pressure.

These checks are all carried out during the ITV inspection but as failures can occur at any time, it is important that you check them regularly yourself.

When you arrive at the school drop off point, remember that the laws still apply and you´re not allowed to double-park, block entrances, or park in an illegal place with your hazard lights on just because you are dropping off your children for school. Doing this creates an additional hazard and puts the children at risk.

You must choose a safe, convenient and legal place to drop off your children. Where possible, ensure that they exit the vehicle on the pavement side, still warning them to be aware of their surroundings before opening the door. They may hit a pedestrian, item of street furniture, or another object, so they should be taught to be aware and alert before opening the door. If they have to leave on the road side, vigilance is even more important, they must check it is totally safe before opening the door, and must move to the pavement as soon as possible.

Remember, when you are about to pull away, pay extra attention to your surroundings too, including rigorous checks of your blind spots, as there could be children or other road users appearing from anywhere.

### Keeping Children Secure

According to data from across Europe, two out of every three children in cars are not secured properly, although not only those not wearing any seat belt or restraining system, many of them have been strapped in incorrectly or inadequately.

Children must be in an appropriate seat

If a child is properly restrained in a vehicle, the statistics speak for themselves, as there is a 90% reduction in the risk of injury, and a 75% reduction in the risk of death – Lives are at stake.

The Seat – An appropriate child seat is not determined by age, children of the same age can differ vastly in their physical characteristics, which is why the correct seat is determined by weight and height.

Check the label for conformity

In The Back – Statistics prove that the rear seats are the safest place in the event of a collision. In Spain it is mandatory for children to sit in the back. The benchmark is based on height, not age, and children under 135 centimetres are not permitted in the front seats, unless the rear is already occupied by other children, or if your vehicle doesn´t have rear seats.

Anchorage – It is vital that you read the instructions for child seats thoroughly. This is not like not bothering to read how to use your new TV, lives are at stake here. The seat must be anchored correctly, using all points on offer, to maximise the security of the seat and, therefore, the occupant.

Strap In – The harness securing the child must also be secure. It must be tight enough to prevent limbs from escaping, and should keep the body as firmly in contact with the seat as possible to prevent movement in the event of a collision.

Make sure they are secure

Face Back – For the smallest of children it is advisable to use a rear-facing seat for as long as possible. In the event of a frontal collision, a baby's neck is not prepared to support the weight of its head pushed forward, which is why seats of groups 0 and 0+ are designed to be placed only in reverse. It is mandatory to extend this position for at least 15 months, and it is possible up to 1.05 m high, as prescribed by the ECE R129 standard.

Short Trips are Important - Do not neglect short journeys, they are equally as important as long trips, some might say more so, as many incidents occur close to home on routes most frequently travelled. According to the Royal Automobile Club of Spain, 37% of drivers acknowledge having taken their children on the school run without a child seat. Others let the older ones buckle themselves in, without checking if they have done it correctly.

Coats Off – Believing in brevity rather than realising the risks, children are often left with their coat on or even with their school bags on their backs. These items increase the slack between the seat belt and the body of the child, and can hinder the proper functioning of the harness. And even for a few kilometres, safety is the most important factor.

Use the Boot – Objects which are loose in a vehicle become projectiles in the event of harsh braking or a collision, as they continue to move with the momentum and can cause serious injury. Put all loose objects, including backpacks, luggage and coats in the boot.

Lead by Example – Children learn by example, we all know that, and so it is important that we set a high standard in safety, as well as courtesy, when behind the wheel. Children will imitate the behaviour of their elders so make sure you buckle up too.

Safety First – We hope is will never happen but in the event of a collision children must be removed from the damaged vehicle and placed in a place of safety. You must make sure that they are not showing any signs of injury that could be amplified by their extraction, but the safest place is away from the damaged vehicle, in fact away from the scene entirely.

### Social Media Dangers!

Most people know that using a mobile phone when driving is wrong, even though we will all witness it on a regular basis. It is illegal, because it is potentially deadly. However, the days of using a mobile just to make a call are long gone, as the development of the smart phone has led to an increase in the potentially lethal use.

Using a mobile when driving is potentially lethal, but too many people ignore the dangers

According to figures from the DGT, 12% of drivers and 31% of pedestrians make regular and dangerous use of social networks, a percentage which has increased in the last five years.

The most recent report of distractions prepared through collaboration with BP, Castrol and the RACE highlights how there is “an exponential increase in dangerous attitudes in traffic related to the use of the mobile phone”.

The report is based on a survey of 2,132 people aged between 18 and 65 years of age in 17 Autonomous Communities. According to this survey, 96% confessed to seeing someone talking on the mobile while driving (80% on a regular basis), and 76% using the mobile phone without speaking (manipulating or looking at it).

According to the report, "those who a few years ago were children and teenagers are now drivers between 18 and 24 years old and, with their arrival at the wheel, have increased exponentially new dangerous uses of the smartphone, without implying a decrease in the usual dangers" -like talking hands-free or using the mobile to chat or look at the email. In addition, "people belonging to other age ranges are also much more familiar with new technologies, and have integrated them into their day-to-day life."

The biggest gap between the smallest age group and the total number of drivers occurs in the use of social networks: 12% of the total respondents confess to using them regularly while driving, raising the percentage to 17% among young people 18 to 24 years. The use of social networks behind the wheel on a regular basis is in fifth place, behind the manipulation of the mobile such as GPS (25%), instant messaging (19%), hands-free calls (14%) or email reading (13%). Derived from these uses of the mobile behind the wheel, approximately 530,000 drivers acknowledge having suffered a mishap or incident because of a distraction.

Comparing the data of the 2019 report with those of the 2014 we found a worrying increase. Five years ago, only 0.5% of drivers confessed to using this device to consult social networks (12% regularly in 2019). Only 1% used them to take photos and videos (12% this year). Almost 8% used it as a GPS device (in 2019 this percentage reaches 25%).

Among the 'traditional' uses we also find an increase, although more restrained, when using the phone to send or receive hands-free calls (12% then and 14% in 2019) or instant messaging (14.4% versus at 19% current).

The misuse of the mobile phone is a danger behind the wheel, but it is also dangerous for pedestrians in traffic situations, being used by 8 out of 10 of them.

What is perhaps also of concern is that drivers using their mobile phone admit to being aware that their actions are dangerous. The figures show that 61% of people make calls whilst driving and 66% send messages through platforms such as WhatsApp, Telegram, SMS, although 90% of people thought that these actions can cause an accident, and practically everyone, 99% of those surveyed, understand that using the mobile phone at the wheel It can be a clear accident risk.

### Are you prepared for winter?

It will be here sooner than you might hope, and it is important to make sure our cars are prepared. We will look at specific things to check as the days start to cool down and the weather changes, but for now we will look at some of the basic checks we can do in preparation now.



Tyres – Tyres are one of the most important safety features on a car as they are the only point of contact between the vehicle and the road surface. Checking your tyres regularly are crucial to safe running, making sure they have enough tread, that the wear is even, and that there are no signs of damage.

Remember also to check the pressure of your tyres, consulting your manual or the plate that is affixed to most modern cars telling you the optimum inflation.

Also, don´t forget the spare. Make sure that is okay too, and that all the tools are in place.

Running a car is an expensive operation but one thing that shouldn´t be scrimped on are tyres.



Lights – We are about 6 weeks away from the clocks changing, but you may have already noticed it getting darker earlier. Lights are a necessity on a car and they must all be working. We have spoken about this in length before, just scroll down our Facebook page to read it again, but now is a good time to make sure that all your lights are working.

Remember also that you no longer have to carry a spare set of bulbs in the car. That law changed around a decade ago. The reason is that they are not the easiest thing to change anymore, and so it is always a good idea to get a professional to change them if needed.



Brakes – It is important to check your brakes regularly too. If you hear any strange noises when you apply the brakes, such as a grinding for example, get them checked immediately. The same applies if you notice a reduction in their performance. Brakes are a crucial element of the car, for obvious reasons, and so it is vital they work to their best ability.

 

Liquids – Your car doesn´t just need petrol or diesel to work, it also needs other fluids too. Some of them we should leave to the professionals, such as the braking or cooling system, but others we can check ourselves.

The oil level should be checked regularly. This is where the dipstick is used. You should do this when the engine is cold and on a level surface.

You should also check the screen wash reservoir, and as winter is approaching you might want to consider a change in the type of fluid, one more appropriate to the colder months.

 

Windows – All windows must be kept clear. The only items allowed to be displayed in the windscreen are the ITV sticker (just the one), the eco badge, and the car share label. You should check the windows for any signs of damage, such as chips. Many small flaws can be repaired, but it is important to get them fixed before they become a bigger and potentially dangerous problem.

If any of your windows are tinted, remembering that you can´t tint the front windows, make sure that the tinting is not bubbled or damaged in any way.

### How to Legalise an Electric Scooter

We have explained at some length the difference between electric vehicles and which require registration and a driving licence. However, one question that is still arising is how one goes about registering a scooter that requires documentation.

The first thing to remember is that the legislation in Spain has been brought about through the need to comply with safety regulations implemented by the European Union. In other words, although the legislation is Spanish, it is driven by the requirements of Europe.

The reason that this is important is that the scooter must have a European Certificate of Conformity in order to be registered in Spain. Some of the imported vehicles don´t have this certificate and therefore it will be impossible for those vehicles to be registered, and so you must be very careful when purchasing the scooter. It must come with an EU Certificate of Conformity in order for it to be considered registerable.



The certificate will have an homologation code, such as e9*168/2013*11263*01, as an example, which is what the engineer will check to ensure that the vehicle is constructed with the minimum required safety standards built in.

The certificate must be taken, along with the vehicle to the ITV station where the initial registration test is to be carried out. Without the document, it is impossible to have the vehicle legalised, so be very careful of “bargains” which may well be companies trying to offload stock that they can no longer sell with confidence.

The vehicle itself will have a unique serial number, which will be engraved somewhere on the structure of the vehicle, and this will be checked to ensure it is the same as the certificate.



Once the inspector is satisfied that the certificate is valid, and for the vehicle that has been presented, then the initial inspection may proceed.

The inspectors have a standard list of items which they will check, such as lights for example, to ensure that they all work and that the vehicle satisfies the minimum safety requirements. If it does, then the ITV card will be produced, along with the report, which can then be used to register the vehicle at your local trafico office.

The scooter will then be subject to the same testing terms as any other new vehicle, and must undergo the periodic test which is then based on the age of the vehicle.

 

### Worrying Number of Drivers Admit to Drink Driving

In an independent survey conducted by the RACE automobile association of Spain, as part of the European Fatigue Eurobarometer 2019, drivers revealed a worrying picture of the reality of drink driving, with the information revealing that, amongst other statistics, 14% of drivers on the roads of Spain claim to drive regularly under the influence of alcohol, endangering their lives and other road users.



Although the survey results we are focussing on are about Spain in particular, as the survey was part of a European campaign it revealed that drivers from France, Austria, Switzerland and Italy stand out among those who ignore the dangers of alcohol more frequently.

It is also worth noting that Spain has one of the lower limits of maximum permitted alcohol across the continent, far lower than the UK. For example, although the warnings are consistent, that if you do plan to drive, the best option is not to consume any alcohol.

For the data collated in the last full year, 2018, alcohol and/or other substances was found in 43% of drivers who died in road traffic incidents. Despite this figure, and worryingly similar, 44% of drivers on the roads of Spain acknowledge having consumed alcohol and then driving, and 14% admit to doing it as part of their normal routine.

The average figures across Europe shows that of the 15 countries who took part in the survey, 43.6% admit to driving having consumed alcohol, making Spain about average. In France, the figure is much higher, with 54% of respondents admitting to having drunk alcohol before getting behind the wheel. Similarly, the figure is 53% in Austria, 52% in Switzerland and 51% in Italy.

France also tops the ranking of those who do it regularly, with 32.9%, followed by the United Kingdom, where 27.5% of drivers admit to habitually drinking and driving.

The figures not only speak for themselves in revealing a worrying trend, what is also of concern is that many drivers are ignorant of the limits. Moreover, many drivers are more concerned about getting caught having consumed alcohol than the actual danger posed. Across Europe, 62% of drivers surveyed said that they are concerned about getting caught, a figure which is 50% in Spain, rather than acknowledging the risks that their actions pose.

During the summer, there continues to be a heightened presence on the roads, with the use of alcohol or drugs being one of the elements that traffic police are paying particular attention to. However, getting caught having consumed alcohol or drugs is in fact the lesser of evils, as the consequences of being involved in a serious or fatal incident whilst driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is something that many people now have to live with, having been responsible for causing deaths or serious injuries as a result.

The best option, as always, is none for the road.

### Watch you Speed!

All this week, there will be intensified surveillance on the roads of Spain which will concentrate on trying to combat one of the most deadly contributing factors to road safety, inappropriate speed.



The campaign starts tomorrow, Monday, and runs through the week and weekend, culminating on Sunday evening, with every available traffic officer, supported by the regional and local police, paying close attention, primarily, to the secondary road network.

As well as officers on the ground, which will include the “integrated patrols”, motorbikes which carry portable speed monitoring equipment, the road network will be monitored from the air by Pegasus equipped helicopters.

The secondary road network is the location where the majority of fatal and serious incidents occur, and a large number of those incidents are as a result of inappropriate speed.

This campaign also coincides with one of the busiest periods on the road network, as many of the domestic tourists who have been enjoying an early summer break return home, at the same time as those who could only take advantage of a later timeframe come to the coastal and mountainous regions to take their holidays. In addition, those already on holiday will be taking their usual short trips to the beach, shopping and leisure areas, and mixing with the traffic movements arriving and departing.

Inappropriate speed is a contributing factor to many fatal and serious incidents, and is a factor that is entirely in the control of the driver. Observing the maximum permitted speed on the roads is a must, adjusting to the traffic and weather conditions, and maintaining a safe distance between you and other road users.



Remember, if you plan to drink alcohol or consume recreational drugs, these do not mix with safe driving ability, and so you should either avoid driving altogether, or choose a designated driver who will refrain from consuming these items. Prescription drugs can also cause problems when driving, so always check with your doctor or pharmacist.

Mobile phones don´t mix well with driving either. Although we are permitted to use them for navigation when driving, we are not allowed to touch the device. This also includes when stopped in traffic or at traffic lights. You must pull over in a safe, convenient and legal place to either adjust your route guidance, or use any other element of your mobile phone. If you are not using it for navigation, the best option is to switch your mobile off whilst driving.

Remember also that seat belts must be worn by all occupants in the vehicle. If there isn´t a seat belt fitted, such as in the back seats for example, when it is often the case that only two seat belts are available, then that is all that the vehicle can accommodate. No seat belt, no seat.

Children under 1.35 metres are not allowed in the front seats, apart from a couple of exceptions, and smaller children must be accommodated in a suitable restraining system.

 

### Animal Dangers

Although most drivers undergo at least the mandatory training before becoming qualified for the vehicle under their control, the same cannot be said for all road users, and one particular type are somewhat oblivious to the dangers that mixing with traffic can produce.



Animals are capable of wandering freely onto the roads, and can be extremely hazardous if they come into contact with vehicles. For drivers, there are two road signs that warn of potential dangers, one which features a pictogram of a cow-like creature, this sign warns of the possible presence of domesticated or controlled animals, and the other sign, which features a deer-like animal in a state of prancing, warns of the possibility of wild animals. Of course, it is possible that animals are present on any road and at any time.



Some areas are particularly prone to problems. In the local area we have vast stretches of countryside, where roads meander through forests and over hills, where animals roam on a regular basis. In agricultural areas, we may frequently see animals crossing the carriageway, usually accompanied.

Although the drivers may be warned of the dangers, sometimes not heeding the signs however, it is harder to educate the animals. For the past year, parts of Spain have been testing a revolutionary barrier system that aims to reduce animal and traffic incidents, by creating an invisible line of protection between the vegetation and the roads. Invisible to the eye, the barrier is created by smell, and so the animals avoid the area, in theory.

In one area, which has been in the spotlight this week, the figures have shown a decrease in the number of incidents. The roads of Zamora saw 1,068 animal related road traffic incidents in 2017, which was reduced to 916 in 2018. Until the end of July this year, the figure stands at 458.

Whereas the figures have not shown the stark decrease that was hoped, it is a decline, but there is a concurrent rising problem. Although the number of incidents involving wildlife has dropped, the number of incidents involving domestic animals, such as dogs, cats, sheep and cows, has actually increased. In 2017 the figure was 106, rising to 122 in 2018, and so far this year there has been 57 incidents.

The conclusion from the data is that although planners are trying to do what they can through innovations such as the barriers, the responsibility is still in the hands of the driver. Therefore, for many of the roads where incidents have occurred, the maximum permitted speed limit is also being reduced, and the number of warning signs increased.

The barriers are being tested in other areas, having to be replaced every three months, and it is hoped that the combination of factors will help to reduce the figures further. However, it is also worth remembering that animals may be around at any time and place and that the best drivers always drive in such a manner that will allow the vehicle to stop well within the distance they can see to be clear.

### First Electric Scooter Registered

With questions still being raised over whether the more powerful electric scooters can be registered for use in Spain, we took one along to have the initial ITV inspection carried out.



The vehicle we used was provided by mobility experts MABEQ, based on the Orihuela Costa and offering the sale and hire of all kinds of mobility vehicles from those needed by people with restricted movement, to those looking for a modern transport solution like these powered scooters.

We have to raise a point of caution here as not all of the vehicles can be registered as they must be of an approved type. The scooter provided by MABEQ is an approved one and comes with a European certificate of compliance.

Because the vehicle was brand new and needed registered, we were unable to drive it to the test centre, and so instead we transported it secured in a van to the ITV test centre in San Javier.

The inspectors at ITV San Javier first checked the documentation, and that the vehicle was suitable for registration, confirming the serial number along with the model.

Once confirmed as being suitable, the initial test was carried out, where the inspectors check everything from lights and indicators to brakes, along with a long list of technical details, just as they would for a petrol powered moped.

The vehicle was successful in all safety checks and was issued with the ITV card. Now, whoever purchases this particular vehicle simply has to go to Trafico with ITV card to get the Permiso de Circulacion, the log book, and then purchase the number plate in a "tienda de recambios".

This is the first scooter of this type to have been registered in the area and is thanks to the collaboration between N332 and businesses like MABEQ and ITV San Javier to improve road safety and provide accurate information to help road users, such as in this case by providing facilities in the process to register the scooters.

Irrespective of the physical characteristics of the electric vehicle, if it can exceed 25 kilometres per hour, or exceeds 1,000W in power, then it must be of a type approved for use in Spain, and must be registered. That means it will then be given a number plate the same as a moped, and will be issued with an ITV card once an initial inspection is carried out, as well as vehicle log book once registered. The electric scooter must then undergo an ITV test once it is 3 years old, then every 2 years, just like a moped.

The person riding the scooter must also be in possession of a full licence for a moped (category AM), for which a car licence (category B) is sufficient, and must also have mandatory insurance.

The rider is also obliged to wear a crash helmet, which must be a type approved for riding a moped or motorbike, not just a cycle helmet, and can only ride the scooter on the road, and lights are of course mandatory, as well as other physical minimum standards which will be checked and approved in the original process.

You can find out more at mabeq.com and itvsanjavier.com and follow both businesses on Facebook.

### Drones Approved for Issuing Traffic Fines

Having undergone rigorous testing in numerous different locations and scenarios, the use of drones has now been approved for monitoring traffic violations and, more importantly, the evidence collected by them can be used for the issuing of fines and sanctions.

The announcement was made by the DGT to coincide with one of the periods which sees traffic intensify on the roads, the month of August, during which 47 million long-distance journeys are expected, 1.57% more than those made in August last year.

The drones have already been in service monitoring traffic, but the ability for them to issue fines means that they will be used to offer more protection for vulnerable road users in particular, and on sections of roads where the risk of incidents is greater.



Coinciding with the launch of the second special operation for summer traffic, the General Directorate of Traffic said that from 1 August, those drivers who violate traffic regulations and road safety may have their activities captured by drones.

As a priority, drones will be used for traffic surveillance in those sections where the risk of incidents is higher; on roads where there is a greater transit of vulnerable users, particularly cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians, and they will also be used to pay close attention to distractions whilst driving, such as using a mobile phone.

Currently, the DGT has 11 drones, 3 of them certified by the Spanish Centre of Metrology (CEM) which are the ones that will begin to report infractions. The remaining 8 will continue to be used for traffic regulation and management. In addition, the acquisition of another 20 units that, once supplied and certified, will be incorporated into the work of traffic surveillance and control is in the bidding process.



In addition to the drones, the Pegasus equipped helicopters will be in the air monitoring traffic from afar and on the ground every available traffic unit will be keeping a watchful eye on the movement of vehicles, including in unmarked cars.

The network of cameras will also be monitoring traffic, not only checking for speed, but also fr mobile phone and seat belt use.

This August will see an additional 8 fixed cameras enter service, with many more to follow.

There will also be intensified checks on the use of alcohol and drugs before driving, which will take place at any time, day or night.

### Happy Birthday DGT

To celebrate the 60th anniversary of the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT), Spanish postal company Correos has released a commemorative postage stamp.



The stamp, which was presented this week to the Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro by the President of Correos, Juan Manuel Serrano, features the DGT logo and is symbolic of the road network.

The stamp is based on a solid black background, on which several lines extend as wakes that simulate the roads, which thanks to the varnish applied on the stamp, have phosphorescent tones. The number 60 is also drawn with lines representing these roads where more than 40 million vehicles travel each year.

The stamp is a limited edition and will only have a print run of 180,000 copies, although you can buy one for the standard price of 0.70 euro per unit, according to Correos.

Correos has been investigating improvements to their collaboration with the DGT. Since the start of 2018, the post office was the designated collection point for the new eco-labels for vehicles, and since June of this year it is now possible for replacement driving licence applications to be processed through many main post offices.

Under the agreement, since 24 June, 2,400 post offices across the country can process applications for replacement licences in the event of loss, damage or deterioration.

Since 1959, the DGT has been tasked with ensuring safety on Spanish roads. As indicated by the motto of its 60th anniversary, 'Advancing with Safety', during the six decades, the DGT has been adapting to the needs of traffic in Spain, always ensuring the safety of drivers, pedestrians and other road users.

### Shiro Donate Helmet to Injured Biker

When an N332 follower had a crash on his motorbike, he found that his crash helmet was not adequate because it was not certified for use in Spain.

A lot of safety critical equipment must be homologised, and carry the appropriate credentials on a label. This standard is much like the British Kite Mark, and is a European scheme to ensure that items such as crash helmets are suitable for the purpose they are intended.

When the follower had a crash on his motorbike he sustained serious injuries to his head, which may well have been avoided in the helmet had been an approved type.

Because of the situation, N332 informed international crash helmet and glove manufacturer Shiro about the situation, and given their commitment to improving road safety, they donated a new crash helmet to the injured rider.



Members of N332 went to the rider´s house, along with representatives from Shiro, to present the rider with his new crash helmet, which carries the homologation code "05".



Always check that your equipment, whether it is a crash helmet, gloves, warning triangles, child seat, or anything else that is safety critical, is suitable for use in Spain and carries an homologation code.

### Almost Half of Road Traffic Fatalities had Consumed Alcohol or Drugs

In the latest data released relating to road traffic fatalities on the roads of Spain, it has been revealed that almost half of the drivers who lost their lives had consumed alcohol, drugs, or both prior to the incident which cost them their lives.



In total, 535 drivers were killed on the roads in 2018, resulting in their bodies being subjected to post mortem alcohol and drugs testing. Of those, 43.4% tested positive for the presence of alcohol, drugs, or both.

The National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, or El Instituto Nacional de Toxicología y Ciencias Forenses (INTCF), collected the result from 751 fatalities (535 drivers, 143 pedestrians and 73 passengers) who had been involved in road traffic incidents.

The statistics also reveal that of those who lost their lives and tested positive, 94.4% are men. The data also shows that the most common age range is from 25 to 54, and that 56.1% of driver deaths were in a car, 31.4% were on a motorcycle.

The report also reveals that alcohol is the most common substance detected in deceased drivers, with 61.2% testing positive (71.1% with a blood alcohol level equal to or greater than 1.2 g / l). In addition, 44% had ingested drugs and 25% psychotropic drugs.

The most detected drug was cannabis (59.8%), followed by cocaine (51%). As for the combinations of substances, the most prevalent were alcohol and cocaine (39.1%) and alcohol and cannabis (28.3%).

The comparative study from 2008 to 2018 of the number of drivers killed in incidents with positive results for alcohol has registered a progressive downward trend in this decade: it goes from 30.9% in 2008 to 26.5% in 2018. However, the trend is reversed if we address drug consumption: it increases almost 9 percentage points from 2008 (10.7%) to 2018 (19.1%). More specifically, since 2016 there has been an upward trend in the consumption of cannabis and cocaine.

Regarding pedestrians killed in road traffic incidents and subjected to an autopsy, of the total of 143 cases analysed by the INTCF, 55 were positive for alcohol, drugs or both. In 67.3% of the cases it was men and 34.5% were aged over 50. Of these 143 cases studied, 45.4% had consumed alcohol, 21.8% drugs and 52.7%, psychotropic drugs. In 80% of pedestrians who died with positive results in alcohol, a blood alcohol level equal to or higher than 1.20 g / L was recorded.

The data included in the report comes from the cases studied by the INTCF at the request of the judicial bodies for the analysis of the samples sent by the forensic doctors and the different Institutes of Legal Medicine. Although not all traffic incidents with fatalities are analysed in the institute, there is a sufficiently large and representative sample that allows offering statistically significant results that reflect the national reality.

The Director General of Relations with the Administration of Justice, Esmeralda Rasillo, and the director of the INTCF, Antonio Alonso, presented the report in which the general director of the DGT, Pere Navarro, also participated.

The DGT under the management of Pere Navarro has vowed to continue to increase the number of checks for alcohol and drug use on the road, and has already seen investment in portable testing equipment, as well as educational campaigns to raise awareness of the dangers posed by consuming any alcohol or drugs before getting behind the wheel.

### AP-7 Will be Free from January

As has been promised for a number of areas across the country, the Government has this week confirmed that the toll section of part of the AP-7 will be free from January.



The Secretary of State for Infrastructure, Julián López, confirmed that the Ministry of Public Works will lift the toll on the entire AP-7 route between Sant Joan d'Alacant and Tarragona as of January 2020, when the contract for operating the road, which is currently in the hands of Aumar, ends.

As a result, the management will return to the public body and the road will be free for the passage of vehicles.

López also stated that that work is already underway on the next tender for a works contract which will see the road surface reinforced in order to cope with the foreseeable increase in traffic intensity and the passage of heavy vehicles that the traffic department predict through a series of studies already carried out.

 

### Simple Solution Offered to N-332 Congestion

The Ciudadanos political group believe that they have come up with a temporary solution to solve the congestion on the N-332 in Torrevieja, by adopting a method used around the country during the busiest periods.



At times of expected congestion, such as summer, Easter, Christmas, the traffic department often creates temporary lanes using cones and beacons which allows for more traffic to flow in a particular direction, temporarily increasing the number of lanes. As an example, roads leaving from major cities may see additional lanes created exiting the area at the start of a holiday period, and then lanes created inbound for the return.

Ciudadanos has submitted a proposal to the national government asking that this method be adopted on the N-332 as it passes Torrevieja, thus doubling the road capacity, albeit on as temporary a basis as needed.

Pilar Gómez Magan, representative of the Ciudadanos, stated that with 300,000 inhabitants in the summer, it is an obvious solution to the problem as it could very simply double the capacity of the road.

Of course with the summer season already in full swing, the road is already heavily congested and quite whether the solution will be adopted in time remains to be seen, as there would still have to be a considerable risk assessment carried out as although the solution would increase capacity, it would take away a safe area as it would mean utilising the hard shoulder for the entire stretch of road.

### Second Driver Fined for ‘Scooter’ Riding Without Licence

The second driver charged with riding an electric scooter without the appropriate licence has had the case concluded in court.

In the first case, the driver was given community service, whereas in this second case the driver has suffered both a fine and a deprivation of his licence.

The cases are as a result of a change in the law that regulates electric scooters over a certain power, 1,000W, and capable of speeds in excess of 25 kilometres per hour, which are now classed as mopeds, and require the rider to have an appropriate licence, insurance, safety equipment, and the vehicles themselves to be correctly registered.

In this second case, the driver was stopped by the local police in Lepe, and was not wearing a crash helmet at the time. Upon checking the documentation, the driver did not have the minimum AM driving licence and was subsequently processed for the criminal offence of driving without a licence, having never obtained one, and administrative charges for the lesser offences. The vehicle was seized and immobilised by the officers at the scene.

During the trial in Ayamonte, the driver, identified with the initials EMG, has been sentenced to an 8-month fine of six euro per day, with a subsidiary liability of one day of deprivation of liberty for every two daily instalments in case of non-payment.

The local police in Lepe were the first group to take action following the change in the law in May, 2019, and have been praised for their actions in keeping the roads safer for all, but action is now being taken at every level, local, regional and nationally, to control these vehicles and their drivers in line with the legislation.

 

### Scooter Warning is Very Real

In November of last year we issued our first warning that the law would be changed in order to regulate some of the electric scooters which are becoming increasingly popular in Spain. Despite the first set of restrictions being implemented, it would appear that some people are still choosing not to believe the official information, and that is now leading to prosecutions as a result.

Although many of these vehicles look similar in their size and shape, it is not necessarily based on their physical characteristics, but their power capabilities. The first restriction that the law has controlled related to electric powered vehicles which are capable of exceeding 25 kilometres per hour, of have power in excess of 1,000W.

There are still advert which are promoting the vehicles, saying that you do not need a licence. For these larger scooters (we will use the term scooter as a generic way of describing the vehicles) some of these adverts are misleading at best as it is not true for the higher powered vehicles. In the recent legislative change, if you have a vehicle which is capable of exceeding 25 km per hour, or has more than 1,000 W in power, then it is now classed as a moped, in the same was a microcar is. You will have seen those very small cars with a moped number plate on the back.



If the scooter or electric vehicle can exceed 25 kilometres per hour, or exceeds 1,000W in power, then it must be of a type approved for use in Spain, and must be registered. That means it will then be given a number plate the same as a moped, or a microcar, and will be issued with an ITV card as well as vehicle log book. The electric scooter must then undergo an ITV test once it is 3 years old, then every 2 years, just like a moped.

The person riding the scooter must also be in possession of a full licence for a moped (category AM), for which a car licence (category B) is sufficient, and must also have mandatory insurance.

The rider is also obliged to wear a crash helmet, which must be a type approved for riding a moped or motorbike, not just a cycle helmet, and can only ride the scooter on the road, and lights are of course mandatory, as well as other physical minimum standards which will be checked and approved in the original process.

The rider is also not allowed to carry young children as passengers, and will be subject to all the laws concerning driving, including the use of alcohol or drugs, or using a mobile phone.

Last week, we saw the first campaign carried out by local police officers, these based in Lepe, who had been inspecting electric scooters in some areas, and in some cases they have confiscated the machines.

The first case has now reached court and has been treated as a criminal proceeding, rather than administrative. Driving a vehicle without a licence does now constitute a criminal offence, and so it will be dealt with through the courts. This is the same reason why some drivers who are unaware of the fact fall foul of the law and get arrested for simply not carrying their original licence with them when they drive in Spain. If you are unable to prove you have a licence at the time of being stopped and questioned then the responsibility is on the driver to prove this be getting the licence to the police, often resulting in the driver spending a night in the cells in the meantime.



In this recent case in Lepe, there was no doubt under the law that the vehicle required registration, insurance and corresponding documentation, and that the driver was required to be in possession of a licence for the vehicle, and so the case proceeded as an offence of driving a motor vehicle without the corresponding administrative authorisation. In this case, the minimum licence would be a category AM licence, although a category B also permits the driving of the scooter on the road.

The driver, identified with the initials FJGR, was therefore found guilty of the offence and sentenced to 32 days of community service, as well as liability for the costs of the court case.

Although this was the first case to reach the courts, it will not be the last, and should serve as a warning to anyone who has or is considering buying or hiring one of these scooters. If they are capable of more than 25 kilometres per hour, or exceed 1,000W in power, then it must be of a type approved for use in Spain, and must be registered. That means it will then be given a number plate the same as a moped, or a microcar, and will be issued with an ITV card as well as vehicle log book. The electric scooter must then undergo an ITV test once it is 3 years old, then every 2 years, just like a moped.



The rider must have a driving licence for category AM (mopeds) or B (cars) and insurance is mandatory, as is the wearing of properly approved safety equipment suitable for a moped, because the vehicles are classed in the same group, they are simply mopeds powered by an electric motor.

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### How to Check your Points Online

The penalty points system in Spain was introduced in July, 2016, not only to penalise poor driving, but also to award those who drive safer.

The system is the opposite to that of the UK, in so much as if you commit an offence you will be given points on your licence, in Spain you are given an allocation which are then taken away in the event of committing an infraction. Lose all your points and the licence is withdrawn.

On the other hand, good driving over a period of time will result in you being given more points as a reward, and points can also be recovered through educational courses.

If you have a Spanish driving licence you can check how many points you have via their secure website.

If you visit the traffic department´s official website, www.dgt.es, you will find all of the information you need, but the majority of it is only available in Spanish. Not a problem if you have some command of the language, but it might be complicated if you´re only just learning. You could use an online translator such as Google to help you, but we will guide you through the process here.

When you reach the website you will see in the middle column, under the title “Trámites”, a line which says, “¿Cuantos puntos tengo?”



Click on this line and a new page will open with a list of articles offering lots of advice about the system, including how to recover points, but it is the first option we are interested in, “Consulta de Puntos”.



Click on that link and you will be taken to a secure portal where you will be able to access the information, but before you do, the system needs verification of your identity, in order to protect your data.

You are given three option, access with “Cl@ve”, a form of secure digital key, through “Certificado”, another form of secure digital signature, and the third, most likely option you will want, “Consulta Saldo de Puntos (con usuario y contraseña)”, consult your points with a user name and password.

If you have either of the digital keys you are probably already more advanced, and should be able to access the system yourself, so we are going to explain how to use the third option.

Click on the line which says, “Consulta de Puntos Con Usuario y Contraseña”. Another page will now open. The top section is asking you to submit your user name and password, but as we are assuming you don´t have this yet, you need you need to register first.



You only need to copy the secure captcha code (odd looking string of letters and numbers) into the relevant box, then press the big yellow button at the bottom.



A new page appears which is asking again for your NIE, this time you must submit it, and for the date of issue of your driving licence. This date is the original issue date of your licence to drive, not necessarily the issue date of your current renewal. Complete both these boxes and click “Siguente”, for next. Because this is secure information we cannot show you an example, but it is only a couple of pieces of information you need to know. The system will check if the information corresponds to what they have on file.

Assuming everything is correct, a new page appears which will be asked to submit your email address, which you must do twice to confirm it is correct. Once you have done this, click “Enviar” to submit the information.

Now, you need to check your email for the next stage. You should receive an email with the subject, “Confirmación de acceso Permiso por Puntos de la DGT”. This email will contain a link which you can click to confirm that the email address you associated with your information is correct.

Once you have clicked the link you will get another entitled, “Clave de acceso Permiso por Puntos de la DGT”. This email will contain a temporary password. You must now go back to the website and access using your secure user name and generated password, which you must change the first time you access the site.

Assuming everything has gone to plan, you will now have access to the secure site, which you can check at any time.



We hope you don´t need it, but here is a link to some of the ways you can lose points.

 

 

 

### UK Considering Old Tyre Ban

A consultation period began this week which could result in new laws being rushed through the statutes in the UK, banning tyres more than 10 years old on some vehicles.



If the plans get approval, the new laws could come into force as early as next year, and would ban older tyres from heavy goods and passenger carrying vehicles, such as buses and minibuses.

The consultation follows a campaign by Frances Molloy, whose son Michael died in a coach crash in 2012. The subsequent enquiry blamed a 19-year-old tyre.

Road Safety Minister Michael Ellis said, “There is increasing evidence that age affects the safety of tyres, which is why I think older tyres should not be used on large vehicles.”

The consultation, which runs for 10 weeks, asks whether older tyres should be banned on buses, coaches, lorries and minibuses as well as whether this ban should be extended to taxis and private hire vehicles. It follows other measures the government has put into place since 2012.

Bus operators have been advised not to use older tyres at the front of their vehicles. Inspections of 130,000 buses by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency since 2017 showed only 0.06 per cent were in breach of the guidance.

The DVSA also updated its guidance on maintaining roadworthiness to say tyres aged 10 years and older should not be used on the front axles of heavy goods vehicles, as well as buses and coaches.

A growing body of evidence includes research, commissioned by the Department for Transport and published last week, which shows ageing tyres suffer corrosion which could cause them to fail.

As would be expected in consultations like this, some people think the proposals don´t go far enough, and that older tyres should be banned on all vehicles. Even a car which suffers a loss of control due to a tyre failure becomes a potentially lethal projectile on the road, and any subsequent crash could result in multiple injuries or fatalities in the same way a heavy goods or passenger carrying vehicle could.

The advice as to when to replace tyres varies, but many experts believe that they should be replaced earlier than every 10 years, and of course in the event of damage or wear they should be replaced immediately. If your tyres are 5 years old then closer monitoring is recommended.

You can check the age of your tyres by a 4-digit code embossed on the side. The code “1413” for example denotes that the tyre was manufactured in week 14 of the year 2013. If you can only find a 3-digit code then these tyres were manufactured before 2000 and should be replaced immediately.

If you would like to give your views to the UK Government over the consultation, you can do so on their website, https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/banning-tyres-aged-10-years-and-older

### Road Safety in Prisons

The General Secretary of Penitentiary Institutions (IIPP), Ángel Luis Ortiz and the General Director of the DGT, Pere Navarro, launched a campaign to bring road safety and driver training to those serving prison sentences.



It is the seventh time the initiative has been launched, having taken a break during the austere times, and aims to stop people who don´t have driving licences, or have had it withdrawn, from driving illegally upon when they leave prison.

The Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, stressed the importance the program, as it will “benefit society as a whole.”

“Because road safety education should not be just a mere acquisition of skills and knowledge of standards,” Ortiz said, “IIPP has wanted to join the Government's enormous effort to make road safety education a priority” with this multi-campaign objective. The first is “to generalise the sensitivity in civic and coexistence values”, but also “redirect possible offensive behaviours” and even “promote the labour insertion of convicts through training for driving”

The campaign started with the training that 57 officials are receiving at the headquarters of the DGT. These in turn will form auxiliary interns who will be in charge of collaborating with the prison professionals to implement the courses in the prisons.

The theoretical and practical classes will be offered by professors of the National Confederation of Driving Schools. The internal and internal ones that request it will have to take charge of the payment of tuition and fees, both for the licence and for the recovery of points.

To date, 1,038 inmates have shown their intention to participate in these courses in 45 penitentiary centres. Of those, 726 intend to obtain the category B, car licence, 41 for motorbikes, and 271 would like to recover points. In previous editions, 1,518 inmates managed to pass the theoretical exam of the license and 494 the driving test.

At present, the prisons house 1,200 inmates convicted of crimes against road safety, representing 2.3% of the total prison population. Of those, 97 of them are due to serious negligence resulting in a fatal outcome. In addition to custodial sentences, IIPP last year handled 24,500 alternative prison sentences, such as community service.

### What do the New Electric Scooter Laws Mean?

The DGT has started to regulate certain personal mobility vehicles, in order to ensure that they are used correctly and safely. Although this is not the end of the legislation, many more changes are still being considered, it does mean that there are now clearer rules for certain types of these mobility tools.

The current instruction, 19 / V-134, determines the difference between the vehicles that are considered motorised, or assisted, and clarifies where these vehicles can be used, as well as the restrictions such as if a driving licence is required, insurance and the use of a crash helmet, for example.

Vehicles which qualify as being within the designation of L1e-A and L1e-B must only be used on the roads, and have the same requirements as a moped, such as the driver having to hold a driving licence for the vehicle, mandatory insurance, and the use of a crash helmet.

Those bicycles which are considered to be “assisted pedalling cycles” do not fall into these categories, and are effectively the same as bicycles which are propelled by pedal power only.

Following the initial publication of the rules, further clarification was given in order to satisfy the needs of European legislation, for which we now have two clearly defined categories for these types of cycles, pedal assisted cycles, and motor powered cycles.

 

“ASSISTED PEDAL CYCLES”

These vehicles have a number of different common names, including EPAC (Electronically Power Assisted Cycles), assisted pedal cycles, or pedal assisted cycles, to name but a few, although the keyword is ‘assisted’.



They are not included in the L category of vehicles so they do not need homologation or registration.

EPACs require certification (not to be confused with "homologation"): the manufacturer must certify that it meets the "CE Marking" under the UNE-EN 15194: 2018 and the ISO 4210-1: 2014 norms.

Its definition in the aforementioned regulation is that of a “cycles with pedal assistance which are equipped with an auxiliary electric motor having a maximum continuous rated power of 0.25 kW, of which the output is progressively reduced and finally cut off as the vehicle reaches a speed of 25 km/h, or sooner, if the cyclist stops pedalling”. As a result of this exclusion, member states should classify these vehicles as bicycles. EPAC bikes can of course go faster, but only through the power of the human pedalling, not the motor.

Assisted pedal cycles may use the same lanes as bicycles, as well as roads in urban and interurban areas, but not motorways.

As a word of warning, there are some bikes which look like EPACs, but are capable of a higher speed or performance. These vehicles do not qualify as being covered by this legislation and must be assumed to be mopeds or, in some cases, motorcycles. It will depend on the power and speed of the specific vehicle model (brands offer different "engines" sometimes on the same frame or "structure").



"ENGINE CYCLES" (CICLOMOTORS)

Unlike the assisted pedal bicycles or "EPAC", the "engine cycles" are included in the aforementioned regulation, within the L1e category of light two-wheeled motor vehicles.



Electric bicycle and/or LEV (Light Electric Vehicle of weight less than or equal to 400 kg) is a term which covers two different concepts of vehicles with an auxiliary electric motor:

1) cycles equipped with an auxiliary motor that cannot be exclusively propelled by that motor.

Only when the cyclist pedals, does the motor assist. These vehicles are generally called pedelecs.

2) cycles equipped with an auxiliary electric motor that can be exclusively propelled by that motor.

The cyclist is not necessarily required to pedal. These vehicles are generally called E-bikes.

Pedelecs and E-bikes are not always two-wheeled. There are also vehicles with 3 wheels. Legal definitions have the term “cycles” in order to cover all vehicles, irrespective of their number of wheels.

This category L1e is divided into L1e-A or "engine cycles" and L1e-B or "two-wheel moped".

The main characteristics of the "engine cycles" of the L1e-A category are:

Cycles designed to operate by pedal that have an auxiliary propulsion whose main objective is to assist the pedalling.

The auxiliary propulsion power is interrupted at a vehicle speed ≤ 25 km / h.

Rated power or net continuous maximum ≤ 1.000 W.

Any vehicle of the category L1e that cannot be classified according to any of the criteria of the category L1e-A, belongs to the category L1e-B (for example, those that exceed 1,000W) and will continue to be considered as a moped.

The DGT emphasizes in its instruction that "vehicles L1e-A are included in the category L1e of mopeds, and therefore, to authorise their use they must be approved and registered (have a number plate), as well as comply with the rest of the obligations established in the legal order”, such as insurance, and the wearing of a crash helmet, as well as the rider holding a licence for the appropriate vehicle.

These obligations must be met by vehicles of category L1e (both L1e-A and L1e-B) used on public roads, including the following, like any other moped:

Registration:

To do this, they must first be manufactured according to a homologation that complies with the European requirements, undergo safety and braking tests, or have production control checked by the Automobile Certification Unit.

This homologation will be reflected in your VIN or chassis number and in the certificate of technical characteristics of the vehicle (which we know as the "ITV card").

Vehicle registration documents.

Mandatory vehicle insurance.

Use of helmet (homologated for mopeds, not a mere "bike helmet").

Compliance with the frequency of technical inspection of the vehicle (the first at 3 years, the following every 2 years).

The rider is obliged to have a full licence for the vehicle being driven.

These vehicles cannot use cycle lanes or cycle paths, as they are classed as mopeds, and must use the same position on the roads as those.

They are not permitted to carry child passengers under twelve (under the age of seven if the drivers are the father, the mother, the guardian or a person of legal age authorised by them).

Finally, drivers of these vehicles are required to undergo alcohol and drug testing, in the same terms as the drivers of any moped (article 379 of the Criminal Code and the corresponding "negative" of article 383).

 

 

How do we know the difference?

The difference between these vehicles, as we have seen, is not necessarily about how they look, as cycles of a higher power can look the same as their lesser powerful relations, it is about the power, speed and how the cycle responds that are the important elements of the categorisation.

Thus, in addition to the EPAC or "assisted pedal cycles" (with engines up to 250W that stop working at 25km / h), we find the following "commercial denominations" corresponding to the category of "motor cycles":

 

L1e-A - "Powered Cycles" (electric charging bicycles), framed in the category L1e-A : A cycle that uses a motor, with maximum continuous nominal power between 250 and 1,000W , as an aid to the muscular effort of the driver. Said engine shall stop when any of the following assumptions occur:

If the driver stops pedalling.

If the speed exceeds 25 km / h.

 

L1e-B - "Speed ​​Ebikes" (like the one popularized by Gerard Piqué), framed in the L1e-B category: A cycle that uses an engine, with maximum continuous nominal power  ≤4,000W , as an aid to the muscular effort of the driver. Said engine shall stop when any of the following assumptions occur:

If the driver stops pedalling.

If the speed exceeds 45 km / h.

 

In addition, any type of electric bicycle that incorporates an accelerator or throttle that propels the cycle without the need to pedal at a speed > 5km / h , it falls into the category L1e-A or L1e-B, and therefore must be approved, registered, insured and driven with a licence to drive mopeds.



 

What happens if a "speed limiter" or power is incorporated into an assisted pedalling cycle?

With these cheap and easy-to-assemble "kits", it's easy to  convert an EPAC-type "electric bike" into a L1e-A or L1e-B vehicle.

It is also possible to eliminate the limitation of speed or power (to keep it "constant" and not "decreasing" when increasing speed) simply "hacking" the software of the vehicle (sometimes, it is enough to do it from the mobile phone, thus eliminating the limitations introduced in the programming of the equipment by the manufacturer).

However, if you do choose to make any modifications, not only could it render the vehicle illegal and uninsured, it may mean that it falls into a different category.

 

 

 

### Bad Week for Vulnerable Road Users

This week has seen a number of incidents involving some of the more vulnerable road users in the Alicante province, with a number of incidents, one of which proved fatal.



An 80-year-old woman was hospitalised in a serious condition on Thursday after her cycle was in collision with a truck on the N-332 in Benidorm.

A paramedic ambulance attended and medics carried out advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation manoeuvres in order to stabilise the victim before transferring her to the University of Alicante General Hospital with multiple injuries.

On Saturday morning a motorcyclist was killed after a crash on Avenida de Villajoyosa in Alicante.

A paramedic ambulance attended that incident but there was nothing the crew could do to save his life.

Meanwhile, also on Saturday morning, a 42-year-old man was injured in a collision between a car and a bicycle on the road between San Bartolome and Callosa de Segura.

Paramedics attending this incident managed to stabilise the man before transferring him to the Hospital Vega Baja with multiple injuries.

 

### British Ambassador Commends N332 Road Safety Project

The N332 Project Founder Francisco Morales was among the guests last week at the British Embassy in Madrid where he was invited to attend a party to celebrate the 93rd birthday of Queen Elizabeth II.



Francisco was invited in recognition of the work he has carried out in the area of road safety with the establishment of the N332 project which is dedicated to road safety in general and driving in Spain.

The project is aimed specifically at expatriates who both holiday and are resident in Spain where many of the national laws are very different to those that they are used to in their home nations.

The event was also attended by the Minister of Science, Innovation and Universities, Pedro Duque; the Secretary of State for Tourism, Isabel Maria Oliver; the Congressional spokesperson for Ciudadanos, Inés Arrimadas; and the Vice-President of Banco Santander, Matías Rodríguez-Inciarte.

During the event both the British Ambassador, Simon Manley and the Congressional spokesperson for Ciudadanos, Inés Arrimadas, commended the N332 project and the recognition that it has now achieved by the DGT, the Ministry of Transport in Spain.

If you belong to a local organisation that would like Francisco and his fellow project manager Mark Nolan to attend and speak at one of your events please contact Mark by email at: news@n332.es

 

 

### On the Road this Summer

The single aim of the DGT is to reduce the rate of mortality and injury of the roads of Spain, a task they aim to do through education, and enforcement. His summer, there will be an increase in both, as the need to reverse the growing trend in incident rates is becoming more apparent.

During the most recent European campaign against alcohol and drug use before driving, the DGT and Guardia Civil, supported by local and regional police, conducted 25,000 daily checks across Spain. That intensity will continue throughout the summer months.

According to data from the European Observatory for Road Safety (ERSO), 25% of deaths that occur on European roads are related to driving under the influence of alcohol.

However, there are other campaigns and changes due, all of which continue with that goal towards the road to zero.



Driving licences

From 1 July, it is still expected that the law will force obligatory theoretical training for new drivers, before being subjected to the test.

The test itself is likely to be extended and may include video elements that deal with hazard perception.

In the event of a failure during the driving test the student will have to undergo a minimum number of lessons before trying again.

 

Motorcycles and mopeds

As motorcycle and moped riders remain amongst some of the most vulnerable road users, the DGT is proposing tackling the increase in fatalities and injuries through a series of measure. Asking all road users to me aware of motorbikes is one thing, but the DGT are also of the opinion that the bikers themselves also need to take a more responsible approach to their own road safety, observing the laws more rigorously.

In order to assist in this notion, the DGT is proposing a points system whereas riders can partake in voluntary training courses and increase the number of points awarded with their licence. This can of course also help those who have lost points through sanctions.

In addition, it has been proposed to make it mandatory for all riders to wear gloves, a practice that is currently only a recommendation.

 

Radars and controls

There will be an increase in the number of “smart” cameras on the roads, such as Traffic Eye. Currently, there are plans for another 40 cameras which monitor speed, mobile phone use and the wearing of seat belts being installed on the network this year.

The roll-out of the “integrated patrol” will also continue, whereas every patrol vehicle, including motorbikes, will be equipped with portable radar equipment, and alcohol and drugs testing kits.

As we have already seen, there will be intensified checks on the use of alcohol and drugs before driving, with stricter penalties, especially for habitual users.

### The Sound of Silence

From 1 July, all electric vehicles sold in the European Union must emit a noise when travelling at 20 kilometres per hour or less.

The legislation aims at making it easier for other road users, such as pedestrians, to be aware of the presence of the vehicles which may otherwise approach in silence.

Generally, the noise of traffic is something we have all become accustomed to, despite the all too frequent incident when pedestrians are distracted, by a mobile phone or perhaps music for example, we are all used to hearing traffic from the early days of learning, stop, look and listen, before we cross the road.

Modern electric cars can approach in silence, especially when travelling at low speeds, as even the wheels making contact with the road surface can be very quiet.

Now, the legislation states that these vehicles must emit a noise when travelling at 20 kilometres per hour or slower, so that their presence can be heard.

However, the noise which must be emitted has to be at least 56 decibels. A computer might emit 40 decibels, a fridge 50 and an air conditioning unit 60 decibels, a Boeing 737 landing a mile away is about 90, so the noise is actually not that loud.



There is also no mention in the legislation as to what the noise must sound like, and so it could be that vehicle manufacturers replicate the noise of a combustion engine, or a clown car horn, a mosquito, a squeaky wheel, a Boeing 737, or any other sound that they so choose, or maybe installing a unit that allows the driver to choose the ambient sounds that the vehicle emits.

By the way, many of the electric cars sold on the market already have a noise creation feature installed, and could actually be quieter than they are, so it´s not something to be overly concerned about if you are considering making the switch to electric.

 

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 18

Welcome to the latest edition of the N332 RoadWatch eMagazine. You can read this publication FOR FREE at the end of the introduction. Alternatively, if you would like to download the PDF version to add to your collection and save on your computer, tablet, or phone, then click this button below.

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It´s that time again when we bring you all the latest news, updates and legal changes to traffic law in Spain, in the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch.

If you´re anything like us you may have been getting ready for the long, hot summer ahead. We know many people return to their native countries to avoid the high temperatures of summer, but then there are many more people who come to Spain on holiday, as well as those domestic tourists who visit the coast from the inland areas. In other words, things are already starting to get busy, and they are going to get even busier this year, it seems.

What that means for the roads is that there will be more traffic, and, sadly, more incidents. The Guardia Civil will be straightening their presence on the roads, as every year, but with extra funding given to the DGT we will see ore ways that investment will be used to tackle road safety enforcement, when education fails.

There have been some changes to the legislation for some scooters, with more changes still in discussion stages, but the new rules are explained herein.

We also answer some questions relating to the ITV test, hopefully dismissing, once and for all, some of the doubts and myths that surround the test, especially the one where many people think they can´t go to a different region for the test. You can, it´s written in the law.

By the way, thanks to everyone who came along to one of our talks and presentations during the spring. We now take a break from that until the autumn, partly due to the heat, and also how busy things are on the road, but we will be starting to put our next schedule together soon, so we will update you on that shortly.

So, for now, as always, stay safe.

### Two Hundred Thousand Tests – Three Thousands Fails

In the most recent focus on alcohol and drug consumption before driving, over 200,000 drivers were subjected to a roadside test, with over 3,000 failing.



In total, during the campaign that took place earlier this month, 200,306 tests were performed on drivers to ascertain if they had consumed alcohol or drugs.

For those drivers subjected to alcohol tests, 196,480 tests were carried out, with 1,939 proving positive. Of those, 248 were sufficiently over the limit to warrant criminal proceedings and were brought before the courts. There were also 10 people who refused the test which rendered them before a judge instantly too.

Regarding the drugs tests, there were 3,826 tests performed on drivers, of which 1,360 were positive. Of those drivers, 14 were taken to court, 10 for driving under the influence of toxic drugs, and 4 for refusing the test.

As is now usual, among the most commonly consumed drugs are cannabis (959 cases), cocaine (524 cases) and amphetamines (197 cases).

Salivary tests for the detection of the presence of drugs in drivers are progressively increasing with the idea of ​​them becoming routine in the same way alcohol checks are performed.

According to the Traffic Safety Office in the statistical progress of its annual report, in 2018 56,173 criminal sentences were issued for driving with excess alcohol (a rate higher than 0.60mg / l in air or 1.2 gr / l in blood constituting a criminal offence), or under the influence of drugs.

The final figures are still being collated as the campaign was also supported by regional and local police, to which their figures will be added to the final totals.

Although the campaign has ended, the Guardia Civil will be carrying out alcohol and drug checks on drivers at any time of the day and on any road in order to dissuade them from driving.

### Scooter Recall

The electric scooter company Xiaomi, one of the most popular manufacturers of electric scooters purchased in Spain, has recalled one of its products due to safety concerns.



According to the company, it is some of their model, “Xiaomi Mi Electric Scooter M365”, of which some 500 units have been found to be defective.

The fault is related to a screw in the folding mechanism, which eventually ends up loosening and causes the vertical bar of the main body of the scooter to break. Although this is not a serious defect if the scooter is stationary, it could be potentially dangerous if the unit is moving when the weakness occurs.

It is not only Spain where the fault has been detected, the United Kingdom has seen the biggest number of faulty units, with 7,849 units identified as defective, then Germany, where 613 faults have been identified, and Spain with 509 faulty scooters, although there are some 169 units identified as being faulty but it is not known where they were sold.

The affected serial numbers range from 21074/00000316 to 21074/00015107 and from 16133/00541209 to 16133/00544518, produced between October 27, 2018 and December 5, 2018. If your scooter is between those ranges, your unit is affected.

The withdrawal schedule has already begun in the UK and will start in Spain in July 1.

If your scooter is one of those affected, Xiaomi recommends that you stop using it immediately.

To check if your scooter is among those affected, you can visit a dedicated web page, https://www.mi.com/global/support/mi-electric-scooter-recall-program/, where you enter the serial number of your unit and, if affected, will be given instructions as to how to proceed.



In the event that you have modified the scooter, Xiaomi says that it will not be responsible for replacing the unit. The company does not recommend that users should tighten the screw on their own if they notice that it loosens, especially when the repair is completely free.

### Ten Million Euro for Road Safety

According to the official state bulletin from the Spanish government, the treasury has authorised the transfer of 10 million euro to the DGT to spend on road safety.

The money is going to be invested in updating and replacing some dated elements of road safety, as well as financing more equipment to keep a check on those who choose to break the law.

The biggest part of the money is being spent on helicopters. At the moment, the DGT has 13 helicopters, 9 of which are the Eccureil AS355 model, and 2 each of the single-engine Humibrí EC-120, and more recently, the twin-engine EC-135.



A total of 8.7 million is going to be spent on the helicopter division, which currently employs 30 pilots, 25 maintenance technicians, 11 camera operators and 9 administrative, logistics and engineering staff.

Most of the current helicopters are fitted with Pegasus monitoring equipment, which is capable of recording the speed at which a vehicle is travelling, from afar, as well as whether the occupants are wearing a seat belt, or if the driver is using a mobile phone, for example.

The helicopter fleet are amongst the most advanced in the world, and are a crucial tool in monitoring the road network.

Over 1 million is to be spent updating and repairing the current roadside radar and camera network, including purchasing new devices which can be installed anywhere on the road system, either in permanent or temporary locations.

There will also be a small amount invested on renewing the liveries of some of the vehicles, in particular the high visibility and reflective elements that make them more visible.

This investment is only a small part of the funding expected to be injected into road safety, with education also playing a big part before enforcement. However, for those who choose to ignore the warnings, the consequences are that there will now be an increased likelihood of being caught out and paying a final penalty, if not worse.

### What do the green lines painted on some roads mean?

Some areas have been testing them since January, 2017, but given their success through the trial, you might see an increase in places where green lines are painted along the side of the road. But, what do they mean?



You might think they are related to parking, like yellow or blue lines indicate restrictions, or even special areas such as the congestion charge zone in London, but in fact the green lines have no relevance to either, they are simply aimed, and so far successful, at increasing road safety through psychological influence.

Using paint on the road has already been a proven method within the “Traffic Calming Measures” armoury. Painting large areas which seemingly narrow, for example, tricks the brain into thinking you are driving faster than you are, the result being an instinct to slow down.

These green-lined areas have shown similar results whilst they were undergoing testing, initially in Castilla y León , where more speed checks and cameras were also installed, collectively reducing the number of incidents by 60%.

The green lines are part of a pilot project that was been launched in Spain, taking advantage of the experiences of Sweden and the Netherlands, where it was already proven that these lines cause a reduction in speed on the roads where they are painted.

The most unusual element in the scheme is the colour, green. When used as a coloured signal to indicate permission to proceed (if the way is clear and safe), when painted in the form of lines, many drivers associate them with forming part of a speed control and subsequently slow down.

Of course it is possible that they do in fact form part of a speed control zone, so it´s not a good idea to become blasé about them if you do see green lines, but overall the idea is that if more areas can be created that give the impression of being zones where speeding may result in a fine, more drivers will slow down, the result being safer roads without the need for enforcement.

After all, when it comes to traffic violations such as speeding, we must remember that if we do choose to break the law and go over the maximum permitted limit, then it is entirely the choice of the driver, who must then face the consequences if anything happens.

### Smoking whilst Driving

It is currently not illegal to smoke whilst driving in Spain. However, the general consensus of a recent survey suggests it should be, if children are in the vehicle.



There have been many stories shared through social media of drivers being fined for smoking, and although it is true that there are occasions when drivers have found themselves on the wrong side of the law, but it is not the act of smoking which has caused fines or sanctions to be issued, it is usually as a result of distraction, which can be the case when taking a cigarette out of a packet, lighting it etc, for example, or for throwing the cigarette end out of the vehicle, which is the most common infraction, and has all too often led to devastating results.

In the UK, the law changed in 2015 making it illegal to smoke in a car when children under the age of 18 are on board, but in Spain it is still legal. However, eight out of ten people (86.3%) believe that it should be made illegal. This is the result from a survey conducted by the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (semFYC), as part of the 20th Smoke Free Week, in the run up to World Day without Tobacco, celebrated on 31 May.

It is noteworthy that this percentage has increased almost ten points with respect to the study that was conducted last year when seven out of ten respondents (77.3%) were in favour of stricter rules when children are in the car.

However, if we take children out of the equation we now see the opposite trend regarding smoking when in a vehicle. In 2018, more than 60% of respondents were in favour of banning smoking in vehicle, whereas this year the figure has dropped to 54%.

The semFYC association is using the data to lobby for an update of the smoking laws, which they say has had a considerable impact on public health over the last decade although elements are obsolete, they say. In the opinion of the family doctors, "there has been a relaxation of the current rules and many things in which we were pioneers, such as the Law of Smoke Free Spaces, have been left aside".

Overall, semFYC want an increase in tobacco taxes, generic packaging, the protection of existing and increase in smoke-free spaces, a ban on advertising, and financial support for treatment of those wishing to stop smoking.

Almost 20% of the Spanish population smokes. Between 2017 and 2019, a slight increase in the number of smokers and a decrease in the number of ex-smokers has been detected. The average daily consumption of the smoker is almost 11 cigarettes a day. The age of initiation is at 17 years old.

Meanwhile, as we approach the long, dry summer season, we are also on heightened alert for the risk of fire. It is illegal to throw anything from a vehicle and there are hefty fines for those who throw even the smallest item, like a used cigarette, from their vehicle.

### The Spanish Number Plate System

The Spanish number plate system dates back to 1900, although the concept and layout has undergone a number of transformations since then, the latest format taking over a century later in September, 2000.



Currently, the Spanish number plate is formed by the European symbol on the left hand side, in a tall band, then four numbers and three letters, which allows a total of 80 million combinations. In other words, the system is safe to continue until 2040.

The numeric sequence started at 0000 and ends at 9999, however, interestingly, the letters begin at BBB and will end at ZZZ, but will not contain any vowels, nor will the combination include the letters Ñ or Q. The reason that vowels are not included is that it avoids the creation of words, for example, BOT, COW, CAT, FBI etc, whereas Ñ and Q are omitted as the number plate system forms part of a European standard and those letters could be confused for others.

The first registration system adopted in Spain, which was active until 1971, consisted of one, two or three letters representing the province and up to six numbers without zeros. Although they are becoming less frequent, you can still see some of them on the roads.

In October 1971 the alphanumeric provincial format came into force, with one or two letters representing the province, four digits and one or two letters at the end, from A to ZZ.

### Driver Loses 28 Points in a Week

A 34-year-old man from Galicia has had his driving licence withdrawn after losing 28 points in a single week.



In the first incident the driver attempted to avoid and flee from an alcohol and drug checkpoint.

A few days later he was intercepted by another patrol that subjected him to an alcohol and drugs test, in which he tested positive. Just a few hours later another patrol stopped the vehicle and performed a test, which was positive once again.

As a result of the “habitual risk” that the driver presents, the Guardia Civil calculated a loss of 28 penalty points for several “very serious” infractions that also resulted in an accumulate fine of 4,200 euro .

As a result of the severity of the incidents the outcome is that the driver also had his licence withdrawn, and it cannot be recovered by time. In order to be eligible to drive once again, not only will the driver have to wait for a period of time to pass, he will also have to undergo a driver awareness and training course, and then have to submit to a driving test once again, as if he had never been issued with a licence previously, as a new driver.

Habitual and repeat offenders are classed as “high risk” when it comes to road safety and can therefore be subjected to special surveillance so that they do not endanger other drivers and, in extreme cases, their vehicle may be confiscated.

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### Choosing your ITV Station

Following on from our recent article explaining some of the facts relating to the ITV inspection, one question is still continuing to crop up.



The question relates to vehicles which are registered in the Valencia region and their eligibility to have the test carried out in Murcia, for example.

As we explained, according to the information provided by the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism of the Spanish Government, article 17 of Royal Decree 920/2017, of October 23, states that a vehicle owner is free to choose the ITV station in the national territory wherever they desire to have the technical inspection of vehicles performed.

It is true that in 2004 the Valencia region approved a law which adds elements to the test in the region, but that does not take away from the freedom to choose represented by the national law. If you take your vehicle to a testing station in the Valencia region the test will comprise of more elements, but the resulting pass will give you the same certificate as in the Murcia region.

We can explain this further by showing how there are also price differences in some parts of the country, and so one could argue that it is unfair that the cost may differ. However, article 19 of the same Royal Decree, which deals with inspection fees, states two things. Firstly that the tariff regime will be established by the autonomous community, so Valencia or Murcia for example, and secondly that the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness will periodically publish the prices in order to facilitate the free choice of ITV test centres. So again, you can see, according to the law you are free to shop around from region to region.

### Startling Increases in Criminal Behaviour

The office of the Attorney General has released advanced information relating to offences committed on the roads in 2018, revealing that alcohol and drug use is the most common crime.



During 2018, the Public Prosecutor's Office opened a total of 110,651 criminal proceedings for crimes against road safety, a figure that represents an increase with respect to 2017, in which 96,303 openings were registered.

The report from the Public Prosecutor shows that of all crimes against road safety dealt with last year, 62% are for consumption of alcohol or drugs before driving, with 69,121 criminal cases. This is also the crime against road safety that has grown the most with respect to 2017, with 9,656 more cases. There are also 2,013 open processes for the refusal of drivers to undergo blood alcohol tests, almost 200 more than in 2017. This increase has also led to an increase in the number of sentences for these two crimes.

In 2018, a total of 56,473 prison sentences were handed down to drivers for driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs, compared to 50,552 the previous year; In addition, 2,797 people refused to take the test, 356 more than those sentenced a year earlier.

The figure implies that the message is still not getting through as to the dangers of alcohol and drugs when driving, and is now in line with statistics from a decade ago.

It is important to note that this figure relates to an excessive consumption of either alcohol, drugs, or both, so that it warrants being dealt with by criminal proceedings with prison a likely result, rather than lesser, though still very serious administrative offences which result in a fine.

There has also been an increase in the number of people found driving without a licence, or lacking the correct one. Driving without a licence is also a criminal offence and in 2018 there were a total of 36,646 cases recorded, resulting in 28,868 sentences, compared to 30,875 in 2017, which represents an almost 20% increase.

There has also been an increase in the number of drivers recorded at an excessive speed, again at such an extent that it warrants criminal proceedings. A total of 842 drivers appeared before a judge to explain the reason for driving at such as excess of speed, and there has also been an increase in the number of reckless driving cases with 2,761 complaints in 2018, compared to 1,553 in 2017.

### Drifting to Prison

An 18-year-old man, of French nationality, has been sentenced to 4 years in prison, the withdrawal of his driving licence for 16 months, and a fine of 1,000 euro for driving recklessly through the Alicante town of Elche.



Neighbours in the area near calles Frasquita Vázquez and Orihuela reported the vehicle driving through the streets performing skids and drifts during the night of 10 May.

According to witnesses, the vehicle, which had foreign number plates, performed numerous dangerous moves which they considered to be dangerous.

A police patrol intercepted the vehicle nearby and questioned the drivers, who the officers said, “showed his repentance” when arrested.

The man tested negative for alcohol or drugs but given the witness testaments, and video evidence recorded at the time, the courts took little time to sentence the man for his actions which endangered public safety.

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### Running Into Traffic!

We all know that running is a great way of keeping fit, but within the urban landscape of towns and cities, the risk factor can increase, not from sporting injuries, but from runners choosing to mix with traffic.



According to a recent survey conducted by the Ministry of Health approximately a third of all adults in Spain choose to perform some form of sporting activity in their spare time. Of the many sports on offer, running is becoming increasingly popular, but some 30% of those who defined themselves as runners practice their activity on the roads or pavements.

One of the biggest risks identified during running, not unlike driving, is distractions, and in particular due to a lack of special awareness caused by listening to music through headphones. Another risk, again similar to all road users, is that of visibility, with many runners choosing to take to the roads during the latter part of the day, but without wearing high visibility clothing.

However, it is possible for runners to move harmoniously through the streets, enjoying that urban landscape and improving their fitness at the same time. To that end, the DGT has published their top tips for runners, and for drivers, in the hope of reducing the risks.

 

Top Tips for Runners

If you run on the road always keep to the left hard shoulder, facing oncoming traffic.

If you run in the city remember that the pavement is designed for pedestrians to move at walking pace, therefore give plenty of room when passing pedestrians.

Be aware of your surroundings at all times; beware of vehicle access and egress points.  Vehicles that leave garages for example usually anticipate the possibility of pedestrians, but not necessarily runners Anticipate these situations!

Be seen at all times, especially near junctions and crossings. Make sure it is safe to cross before you do so.

Wear reflective clothing, especially if you run during reduced light or bad weather conditions. If you wear sunglasses, make sure you take them off if the light begins to fade.

Beware of the surface beneath your feet. If it has been raining there may be slippy patches. However, dry ground can also be slippy when covered with loose rubble.

Beware of distractions! Do not wear headphones that isolate you from ambient noise: they prevent you from hearing what is happening around you, and do not use your mobile phone while running: it will distract you from traffic and its dangers.

At traffic lights, remember that even though you are running you are still a pedestrian. Press the button at the crossing if there is one, and wait for the green signal before crossing.

Be alert at all times. Towards the end of a run you may start to feel tired, which could lead to distractions.

 

Of course vehicle drivers also need to be alert. If you are a driver, be prepared for the unexpected. Reduce your speed and exercise extreme caution at pedestrian crossings or their vicinity, garage exits, junctions etc, and always be prepared to stop if needed.  Make sure your vehicle is in prime condition, as you never do know when a surprise might arise and you need to stop quickly. Be prepared.

### Barcelona - The Future City Today

During the Barcelona Motor Show, the Spanish traffic authority, the DGT, in conjunction with the city council, presented a framework that sets out Barcelona as a model city for the integration of future systems aimed at making roads safer places.



Part of the developments which were showcased are assisted and autonomous driving systems, which can be incorporated in vehicles that interpret the environment, speed limit signs, the presence of pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists for example, and provide more protection for most vulnerable road users.

The devices emit information that will allow the identification of points of risk in the city for the improvement of the road infrastructure and collect data to advance research and development of the autonomous vehicle.

The objective of the Autonomous Ready Spain system is clear, to drastically reduce the accident rate in urban environments and to certify the positive impact that technology has on the defence of the vulnerable.

The system is not as futuristic as we might think however, as it has already been implemented in 170 vehicles and 79 urban buses in Barcelona. The city thus becomes the “airbag of the new mobility, in which the protection to the most vulnerable users is the priority and in which the central and local administrations take the necessary measures, not only putting the technological tools to the service of a more secure mobility, but establishing incentives and modifying the regulations.”

The DGT, taking into account that 90% of traffic accidents are due to human errors, focuses initiatives such as Autonomous Ready within the "safe system" approach. This approach aims to ensure that human errors, although sometimes inevitable, do not end in tragedy. It pursues a multidisciplinary model in which roads, behaviour, speed and vehicles are secured, so that the negative effects of this error can be reduced through the various layers of protection.

During this year, 530 more systems are planned to be installed in fleet vehicles and 105 in urban buses and continue until it is implemented in 5,000 vehicles which drive in the city of Barcelona.

Any public or private fleet can participate in the Autonomous Ready project, which has already seen the support of companies such as SEUR, FERROVIAL, ALPHABET, MOBILEYE NACEX, LOGISTA, INTEGRA, PASCUAL QUALITY and CORREOS. These companies have manifested their commitment to the safety of their delivery workers and to the city, contributing to the pacification of the same and thus impacting on the reduction of the urban accident rate.

### Car Drivers Should Get More Options from July

From 1 July, 2019, category B (private car) licence holders will be able to drive more vehicles than before, thanks to a change in the law.



The Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) has been working on a number of modifications and improvements to the driving licence system in Spain, including new rates, changes in the system of road training and examinations, and allowing car drivers the opportunity to extend the catalogue of vehicles their licence covers.

Although the final drafts are still yet to be released, they were put on hold for the elections; many of these changes are expected to come into force in July when the process restarts shortly.

The latest draft included changes to the class B driving licence, which will authorise holders with two-years driving experience to drive some vehicles intended for the transport of goods with a mass between 3,500 and 4,250 kilos . This is an increase from the current designation which ensures the maximum authorised mass (MMA) does not exceed 3,500 kg, which are designed and constructed for the transport of no more than eight passengers, in addition to the driver (nine people in total, at most).

It is not the first time that modifications have been introduced to driving laws which extend vehicle options for class B licence holders. Since October 2004, every driver with the B permit can ride a 125cc motorcycle if it does not have a sidecar and if it does not exceed a power of 11 kW. For this, and without further paperwork, the driver must have qualified experience of three years.

In addition, the age limits are being reduced for some licences. Depending on the type of vehicle and its use, the age limit to obtain category C, D, D1, C + E, D + E and D1 + E will be reduced, once the licensee obtains a Certificate of Aptitude Professional (CAP).

In addition, those who want to obtain the permits C, C1, D, D1 (trucks and buses) or combined B + E, C + E, C1 + E, D + E or D1 + E (articulated), should be able to benefit from a reduction in the minimum training schedule on the risk factors associated with the type of vehicle that will be examined, so long as they then satisfy the test requirements.

### ITV Questions Answered

Two of the most common questions about the ITV test are when it´s needed and where it can be carried out, in particular as there is a belief, for example, that vehicles which reside in the Alicante province can´t have their inspection carried out in Murcia.

Today we answer those doubts, and others, but this is not just us saying it, this is the official information provided by the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism of the Spanish Government, any they should know best. You can find this information on the FAQ page of their website for confirmation, industria.gob.es.



 

Which vehicles are required to undergo periodic technical inspections?

According to article 4.1 of Royal Decree 920/2017, of October 23, which regulates the technical inspection of vehicles: "vehicles registered or that are going to be registered in Spain, which will be able to circulate on public roads, must submit to a technical inspection in an ITV station in the cases and with the periodicity, requirements and exceptions established in this royal decree".

 

 

What frequency of periodic inspection corresponds to my vehicle?

The frequency of periodic technical inspection is established, in general, depending on the type of vehicle homologation, in accordance with article 6 of Royal Decree 920/2017, of October 23, which regulates the technical inspection of vehicles. Variations are established for certain vehicles such as ambulances, taxis, private hire vehicles, school transport vehicles, hire cars, and certain historical vehicles.



 

Where do I have to take my vehicle for the periodic technical inspection?

According to article 17 of Royal Decree 920/2017, of October 23, which regulates the technical inspection of vehicles, there is freedom to choose the ITV station in the national territory wherever you desire to have the technical inspection of vehicles performed whatever the type of inspection. So you see, this is the most common question, the law clearly states that the inspection can be carried out anywhere in the country, and so if you live in the Alicante province, you are free to travel the short distance to Murcia for your test, for example.

It´s the law that states this, and for your convenience, to confirm and dismiss any doubts you have, here is the actual paragraph, so you can either practice your Spanish or quote it to any doubters you come across.
Artículo 17. Elección de estación ITV para la inspección técnica de vehículos.

Todo usuario de un vehículo matriculado en España o que vaya ser matriculado en España elegirá libremente la estación ITV del territorio nacional donde desee realizar la inspección técnica de vehículos, cualquiera que sea el tipo de inspección.
 

 

My vehicle has deficiencies detected in the periodic technical inspection, once corrected do I have to return to the same ITV station where the original inspection took place?

As is the case of the initial inspection, the tests which the vehicle must undergo to verify the rectification of the deficiencies found can be made at any ITV station in the national territory, as established in article 11 of Royal Decree 920 / 2017, of October 23, by which the technical inspection of vehicles is regulated.

 

 

Do I have to wait for the exact expiry date before I submit my vehicle to a new inspection?

No, vehicles subject to inspection up to 30 days before the date on which the deadline for re-inspection is met keep the original date and have an extension added to the new term.



 

What are the general periods for the periodic inspection of private cars?

 	The first inspection - 4 years after registration.
 	Up to 10 years old - every 2 years.
 	Over 10 years old - every year.

EXCEPTIONS

Even if the vehicle has not turned 4 years old, if it has undergone a modification or replacement of elements before or after registration, that varies the characteristics that appear on the ITV card or the defined safety conditions, an inspection of these reforms must be carried out, as well as if a vehicle has suffered noticeable damage in an accident.

You can find out the period of inspection for other vehicles on the website, itvsanjavier.com, where you can also book your appointment for your inspection.

### The 175th Anniversary of the Guardia Civil

On Monday, 13 May 2019, the King and Queen of Spain presided over the ceremony marking the 175th anniversary of the founding of the Guardia Civil.



You may have seen the commemorative stickers marking the event which have been displayed on most of the Guardia Civil vehicles for the past few months, and even seen some of the commemorations that have taken place.



The official commemoration took place at the Plaza de la Armería of the Royal Palace of Madrid.

The act was also attended by the acting President of the Government, Pedro Sánchez; the President of the Congress, Ana Pastor; the President of the Senate, Pío García-Escudero; the acting Vice President of the Government, Carmen Calvo; the acting Minister of Defence, Margarita Robles; the acting Minister of the Interior, Fernando Grande-Marlaska; the General Director of the Guardia Civil Félix Azón and the Deputy Director of the Guardia Civilm. , Laurentino Ceña, among other civil and military authorities.

The Director General thanked the royals who presided over the commemoration, and conveyed the "pride that this body feels for the continued support that the Crown shows us, a body that was born under the reign of Isabel II, and whom King Alfonso XIII considered the most loyal Institute of the Spanish Monarchy".

He also stressed that on this day, exactly 175 years ago, Queen Isabel II signed the Royal Decree that made it possible to formulate the definitive rules for the organisation of the Institution.

Félix Azón continued by pointing out that "throughout these years, the Institution has remained tirelessly with society, rendering service with vocation, professionalism and dedication, which has motivated the Guardia Civil to be today a Benemérito Body that, besides security, transmits closeness and confidence". For this reason, with this act, we want to transmit to the Spanish society the renewed commitment of service, built on its principles and values, while maintaining a dynamic evolution to the rhythm of the times.

He also pointed out that the Civil Guard will continue, as it has always done, updating itself in mentality, heart and structures to adapt, and as far as possible anticipate, the challenges of this new society.

For the good and effective performance of its missions and tasks, the most important asset that the Guardia Civil has is essential: its human capital, the women and men that make up the Institution, which is why work is being done to improve professional conditions and of family and personal conciliation in the Institution; in increasing the number of women who join and strengthen training.

Likewise, the Director General has conveyed his sincere gratitude to all those who have completed their term of service and have left, and to the top representatives of the French National Gendarmerie, the Republican National Guard of Portugal, and the Carabinieri and the Guardian of Finance of Italy that today also accompany us and honour us with their presence.

Finally,there was an emotional memory to all the officers who in these 175 years gave their lives in service, referring expressly to Juan Luis Vara, the latest officer who died last Saturday while regulating traffic in Valladolid. He also recalled in a special way those killed by terrorism that caused so much pain. At this point, he mentioned Alfredo Pérez Rubalcaba, a politician who died last week, highlighting his role in the end of the terrorist group ETA.



The Act has consisted of a Military Parade and a parade in which more than 900 officers have participated, in addition to a section of the Cavalry Squadron, a fixed wing aircraft and several motorcycles and vehicles of the different specialities of the Guardia Civil.



 

Foundation of the Guardia Civil

The Guardia Civil was created on March 28, 1844, by a Royal Decree, as a special armed force of infantry and cavalry. The responsibility to organise the body was entrusted to Field Marshal Francisco Javier Girón and Ezpeleta, II Duke of Ahumada.

On April 20, the Duke of Ahumada presented a report on the organisation of the corps that led to the immediate repeal of the first Royal Decree, which did not even come into force, and the publication of a new one on May 13, 1844.

The Guardia Civil Today

The Guardia Civil is present throughout the national territory, exercising responsibility for citizen security in 84% of the peninsula, with more than 75,000 people and 2,000 positions.

During 2018 the Guardia Civil carried out 7,250 daily patrols, travelling 387 million kilometres and carried out 246,000 rescues. It has also carried out 41,500 surveillance services in school environments and has given 13,000 talks to students. Another aspect to highlight has been the 2,400 assistance interventions and 1,400 talks to elderly people.

Specific Missions

The Guardia Civil must ensure the control of weapons and explosives; the State Fiscal Reserve; interurban traffic, except in those Autonomous Communities that have assumed control; the custody of communications routes, ports and airports; and the protection of nature.

For the performance of all the missions that the corps must fulfil there are more than 75,000 personnel, belonging to 25 specialist groups, among which are: Traffic, Nature Protection, Air Service, Cynological Service (dogs), Deactivation and disposal of Explosives and Nuclear, Radiological, Biological and Chemical Defense (NRBQ), Maritime Service and Underwater Activities, Mountain Service, Fiscal Service, Weapons Intervention, as well as Investigation Units (Information Service and Judicial Police) and Special Intervention Units (UEI) , GAR and GRS).

At present, the Civil Guard is also present abroad, deployed in the different international missions in which it participates, as well as in advisory work and collaboration with police from other countries.

### Can my British Registered Car have an ITV?

A common question which often causes confusion is whether a foreign registered vehicle, such as an English registered car for example, whose MOT is due, can have an ITV in Spain.



The simple answer is no, a foreign registered vehicle cannot have an ITV inspection. The mandatory vehicle inspection must be done in the country where the vehicle is registered, so in our example, it can only be an MOT inspection conducted in the UK.

It is however true that a foreign vehicle can undergo an ITV test. If you take any vehicle to an ITV test centre and pay the appropriate fee they will conduct an inspection, but this inspection is considered voluntary, and does not satisfy the mandatory legal requirements for the vehicle. In fact, the report issued by the ITV centre will state that it is a voluntary ITV at the top of the document, which is why there are cases of foreign cars being issued with the report, the problem being that it is not legal.

It is perfectly legal to drive a foreign registered vehicle in a country where it does not normally reside, such as if you are on holiday for example, but if the new country is to become a permanent location for the vehicle, then it must be re-registered in that country.

By the way, in case you are wondering, the same situation in reverse applies in the UK. Every day the British traffic police are dealing with foreign registered vehicles driving on the UK´s roads which should have been reregistered.



Whatever country you are driving in, you must return to the vehicle´s registered country to satisfy the mandatory requirements such as the vehicle testing relevant to that country.

If however you have lost the MOT certificate for your British registered vehicle, a new service has been launched to allow you to obtain a replacement, for free, from an official UK Government website, https://www.gov.uk/replacing-lost-damaged-mot-certificate. You can get a replacement MOT certificate online if you’ve lost or damaged the original by visiting the website and submitting the vehicle registration (number plate) and the 11-digit number from the vehicle log book (V5C).

### Motorcycles: 10 Dangerous Infractions

May is recognised as Motorcycle Awareness Month, when warmer weather often means an increase in motorbikes on the road, and therefore a reminder to us all of the vulnerability of two-wheeled road users.



However, we must also be aware that motorcyclists themselves must also play a part in their own road safety, and be aware of the dangers they too can put themselves in whilst on the road.

According to all recorded data, inappropriate speed is the primary cause of incidents with victims in which motorcycles are involved. In other words, a factor which is primarily the responsibility of the rider themselves is the primary cause of injury incidents.

The motorcycle is an agile and practical vehicle in urban traffic, and pleasant on roads. Its construction, lacking bodywork, offers a different experience to the driver and passenger, but also little protection. Therefore, driving a two-wheeled vehicle requires continuous concentration and anticipation, complete knowledge and strict compliance with traffic regulations.



Avoiding certain unregulated manoeuvres and, above all, dangerous ones, increases safety and comfort for both the rider and other road users. Here are the ten most common infractions, each one a very dangerous practice, which are frequently observed.

 	Overtaking without separation

Motorcyclists also have the obligation to distance themselves laterally from the vehicle they are overtaking. In town, it must be a sufficient separation; but on the open road, where the speed of traffic can be much higher, this lateral safety distance must be at least one and a half metres, a margin to avoid possible conflicts with other vehicles caused by distractions, lack of observation or unexpected manoeuvres.

 	Inappropriate speed

Adapting speed to the road and the conditions is fundamental, arguably more important when on a motorcycle. Excessive speed, or even inappropriately slow, can be synonymous of incidents where the rider is put at extreme risk. As mentioned, inappropriate speed is the first cause of injury incidents involving motorcycles, 23% of all accidents, and speeding is the most frequent violation committed by motorcycle riders, almost half of all the infractions committed in accidents with victims.

 	Driving on the hard shoulder

As a general rule, drivers of motorcycles - and other cars - are prohibited from driving on the hard shoulder. Of course, they can occupy it for an emergency, or if creating an undue hazard for other road users, but using the hard shoulder for other purposes – such as overtaking traffic - is a misuse and sanctionable. Mopeds are permitted to ride on the hard shoulder, but not motorbikes.

 	Overtaking on the right

Overtaking on the right in interurban areas - roads, highways or motorways - is forbidden as it can be very risky if the vehicle being overtaken intends to return to the right lane at that precise moment. And the risk is even greater for a two-wheeled vehicle, less visible and more unstable.

 	Changing direction where it is not allowed

This manoeuvre must be performed where it is safe, in the time and space essential and signalling in advance. Therefore, it is forbidden to do so on level crossings, tunnels, motorways, curves and changes of gradient with poor visibility.

 	Riding with the light off

The front and rear lighting makes a motorcycle more visible. For this reason, motorcycles must have their lights on at all time, night and day.

 	Overtaking between cars

Like other vehicles, motorcycles must travel in their corresponding place, becoming visible in the centre of their lane, which they may abandon only to overtake, turn, change lanes etc. Moving between vehicles without proper separation is risky, as vehicles and movements are unpredictable.

 	Parking on the pavement

Pavements, walkways and other pedestrian areas are places where motorcycles and other motor vehicles are prohibited from parking as a general rule. However, municipalities can regulate stopping and parking for two-wheeled vehicles in these places, as long as they do not interfere with or endanger pedestrian traffic. Pay attention to traffic signals in these areas.

 	Excessive speed in residential areas

The agility and manoeuvrability of the motorcycle can cause a false sense of control to its driver in residential streets, near pedestrian crossings, schools or markets, where the emergence of pedestrians on the road can be continuous and unforeseen. Therefore, in places with a high likelihood of a vehicle-pedestrian 'encounter', drivers must reduce speed as much as necessary.

 	Invading the opposite direction

On occasion, motorcycle riders may be tempted to invade the opposite direction to move more quickly down a standing street. Even doing so for just a few metres can be considered a serious infraction, with a 500€ fine and six points. The reason is that it is dangerous for the motorcyclist as the risk of collision against vehicles that are travelling correctly is greatly increased, and it can cause unnecessary stress and movement of vehicles forced to move out of the way.

### Drugs and Driving – Prescription Medications Can Cause Problems

Drinking alcohol before driving is still one of the biggest contributors to road traffic incidents, despite the warnings and knowledge of the effects and consequences, however consuming drugs before driving is also continually increasing.



In order to be aware of the problems associated with drug use, we have to steer our mind away from what we might consider a typical “drug user” to look or act like, because the reality is there is an increasing number of people whose driving is affected by drug use, without them realising it might have posed an issue, as prescription and over the counter medication can also have an effect on our driving ability.

Medications that can decrease the ability to drive include those that are used to treat sleep disorders, anxiety, psychosis, depression, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, pain, migraines, dementia, allergies, and even a common cold or flu cure can reduce our ability.

Before taking any medication you should advise your doctor or the pharmacist that you are a driver, and ask if the medication will play any part in reducing your driving ability.

Medications known to cause problems often feature a symbol on the box, a pictogram of a car in a warning triangle. Whereas the symbol does not necessarily mean you cannot drive using the medication, it is used as an aid in advising of potential risk, but as each of us are different, and the combination of medication may differ, it is still important to read the leaflet inside and check with the medical professionals before you drive.

### I Worry About Losing My Documents

Because of the mandatory need to carry certain documents with the vehicle, a common concern is that these documents might be lost or stolen. However, the good news is that if you are concerned about this, then there is an alternative.



Firstly, let´s look at the documents which must be carried.

Permiso de Circulacion

The Permiso de Circulacion is effectively the vehicle´s “log book”. It contains lots of information about the vehicle, including the registration and vehicle numbers, and the information of the registered owner.

The ITV Card

The ITV card is a document which is issued with the vehicle and must be presented for the mandatory vehicle inspection, the Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, or ITV, what we might know as an MOT. The different characteristics of the vehicle will determine the frequency with which the test must be carried out.

Some of the latest vehicles might not have an ITV card as the plan is for them to be phased out over time.

The ITV Report

If your vehicle has undergone an ITV test then you will have been issued with a sticker to place in the upper right hand side (looking outwards) of the windscreen, and a report of the test. The latest report must be carried with the vehicle. You must only display the latest ITV sticker too.

There are also documents which are not mandatory but it is recommended that you carry them as they contain valuable information, such as the insurance policy. The information is on a central computer for law enforcement officers to check, but if you are involved in an incident that requires the sharing of information, then you will need to know your insurance details.

Similarly, it is advised to carry a European Accident Form. This form is available in a variety of languages and, irrespective of the language, the layout of the form is exactly the same. That means that you and another driver of a different nationality are able to complete the form in your own language and agree on the content.



Now we are reminded of what we must carry, it brings us back to the question over our concerns for carrying the originals.

Although it is compulsory to carry these documents, and they must be the originals, there is one exception. You are able to take your original documents to a Notary and they will take a copy for you and add their original stamp, confirming their validity and originality.

It is not simply a case of photocopying them yourself, even if you copy them in colour and perhaps you even laminate them, they are still copies which are not valid as they are not certified by a Notary.

Most towns will have a Notary office and many of them speak English. It is a recognised service and so they will fully understand what you want, if you take your documents to them. The other good news is that it doesn´t cost a lot for them to provide these certified copies, so if you do want peace of mind of leaving your originals locked away safe, then you visit your local Notary and have them provide you with certified copies.



Remember, it is mandatory that the documents you carry are the originals, not photocopies. The only copy that is allowed is one that has been stamped and certified by a Notary. Notarised copies of documents are allowed, but that is the only exception.

### Europe Approves Speed Limiters

The European Parliament has approved a proposal that will see speed limiters mandatory for vehicles.

As of May 2022, new vehicles manufactured in the European Union, or sold within the territory, must have a speed limiter installed, a measure that will be extended to the rest of the automotive sector in 2024.



For many years road safety specialists have argued that having vehicles which are capable of travelling at speeds for greater than the roads permit are extremely dangerous, and, whereas speed limits are not an unusual concept, leaving the driver responsible for ensuring compliance is still failing.

For their part, safety conscious Swedish car manufacturer Volvo had already announced their decision to install speed limiters in new cars as part of their commitment to ensure that nobody is killed on the roads as a result of an incident involving one of their vehicles.

In Spain, the Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) had already proposed the mandatory application of the measure last year, arguing that the reduction in speeds that the devices would apply would reduce the number of speed-related incidents.

In addition to speed limiters, the installation of other systems related to the safety of drivers and other members of the public road, such as cyclists or motorcyclists, has also been approved.

These include such devices as intelligent braking mechanisms, a series of advanced distraction warning, lane maintenance and reversing detection systems, and even an interface which will prevent the vehicle from starting if the driver has consumed alcohol, all elements within the power of the driver to deliver on a regular basis, and yet still all part of the increase in the number of incidents that lead to serious and fatal consequences.

As with many of the enforced road safety elements, the move is not without criticism, with some saying that it takes away the freedom and liberation of the driver. Well, for the time being, the use of the limiter will not be mandatory, according to the text of the approved ruling, but it will remain up to the driver as to whether or not to activate the system.

That seemingly satisfies the need for freedom but does somewhat limit the effectiveness of the device as nothing more than a token gesture, that is of course until the first cases start to come to light when inappropriate speed had been a factor and the driver had decided not to use the limiter, as the liability is then clearly with the driver and not the manufacturer.

The so-called “Road to Zero” is a long one. In fact, despite these new measures, the European Union has already ruled out achieving the proposed objectives in the reduction of mortality to 15,750 accidents, in 2020, due to the death last year of more than 25,000 people in traffic accidents. However, it does not rule out the final goal of zero road deaths in 2050.

The new laws also see safety improvements for larger vehicles, in particular when it comes to ensuring safer passage of more vulnerable road users. From 2025, trucks and vans will have to have direct vision technology to avoid blind spots, and collision warning systems.

### Brake Check!

It is a really good idea to check your brakes periodically, at low speed on a road which is wide and with no traffic or pedestrians, and dry and free of obstacles, where you can try the brakes by applying various different pressures, including an emergency stop, such as was done in your driving test. Listen and watch for anything unusual, such as some of the things we will explain, but if anything doesn´t seem right, trust your instinct and get them checked immediately.



It is also extremely important to check your brakes before driving anywhere after a heavy rainfall like the storms we experienced over Easter. Water is an enemy of the braking systems as it can get into the hydraulic systems and can reduce the friction needed for the brakes to be efficient. It can also cause decay to some of the parts of the system.



Similarly, if you are driving and you drive through a body of water, such as a ford or some of the deep puddles like we had during the rains, check your brakes straight away, but this time applying them gently to avoid and sudden movements that can cause skidding or locking of the wheels.

Modern vehicles are fitted with all kinds of intelligent systems, including things like ABS, or Anti-Locking Braking systems, for example, but we mustn´t rely too much on the technology and must maintain some responsibility of awareness ourselves, after all, we are the drivers.

The general brakes on a car are composed of two different systems, disk and drum brakes. Although we don´t need to know the exact science behind these systems, we know that this is the case because we know that there are the brakes that we operate with our foot pedal, and the hand-operated or parking brake. Principally however, although the systems are very different, the principle is similar in that they both work by pressure and friction reducing momentum. Don´t worry if science wasn´t your top subject at school, that´s as complicated as we´re going to get.

Some vehicles do provide warnings on the dashboard if the onboard computers defect a fault with the system, and if this happens, it is crucial you seek help from a qualified mechanic immediately.

We can also use our senses to detect brake problems too, which is also as important as the computerised warnings.

A few things we can look out for include listening when we apply the footbrake. Do you hear anything unusual like a grinding or clattering sound for example? Does the vehicle pull to one side or the other when you apply the brake, even just slightly? Is there an unusual smell when you apply the brakes? These are just a few issues that might suggest a problem with the braking system and must be checked immediately. Similarly, have you noticed a reduction in the efficiency of the brakes? This is one of the most difficult to detect though as the wear is normally gradual, a bit like when your eyesight starts to fail, it´s not usually noticeable until you go to the opticians and they put a pair of spectacles on you.

When you apply the handbrake or parking brake, does it apply firmly and keep the vehicle secure from moving? Is it difficult to apply, or release? These issues could indicate a problem with the parking brakes.

Finally, whilst we are on the braking system, it is also a good idea to check the brake lights are working properly. As we mentioned previously, when checking the vehicle´s lights it is a good idea to have somebody assist you, so that one person can operate the controls and the other observe. The brake lights are a crucial warning system for other road users as they indicate that you are slowing down or stopping. Without them, a collision to the rear of the vehicle is increased. Check all the brake lights are working, and if not, get them fixed straight away.



The braking system also forms part of the mandatory ITV test, and so by keeping a check on your brakes and keeping them in optimum operating order not only keeps you safer, it also increases the likelihood of your vehicle passing the test.

### Guardia Civil Expo on Orihuela Costa

As part of the celebrations commemorating the 175th anniversary of the Guardia Civil, specialists from the military body will be putting on a display on the Orihuela Costa in May.



The event will be held on the 4th of May on the municipal car park opposite the Zenia Boulevard shopping centre, with a timetable of special showcases as well as static displays.

Members of various departments will be at the event, including Tadex explosive specialists, mountain rescue teams, the fiscal and judicial police, divers, security services, and of course the traffic department, amongst others.

There will also be exhibitions from the dog section (Cinológico), and even a helicopter on site for visitors to examine and be photographed with.

The event starts at 10:00 in the morning and runs through the afternoon, finishing at 18:00 with the final display.



A similar exhibition was held in Torrevieja recently, although this location on the Orihuela Costa allows for more people to visit as there is ample parking at the shopping centre across the way.

 



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### Two out of every ten Traffic Accidents have Consequences on the Spinal Column due to Cervical Whiplash

This type of lesion presents symptoms such as neck pain, headaches, dizziness and tingling in the hands.

In Spain, there are approximately 150,000 people injured a year in traffic accidents. Though traffic accident lesions can be multiple, and vary greatly, 20% of these tend to have consequences on the spinal column due to cervical whiplash, followed by dorsal and lumbar lesions, we are told by the specialists in Quirónsalud Hospitals’ Traffic Units.

Whiplash is caused by the mechanism of a sharp hypertension of the neck, followed by an also sudden flexion of the same, or vice versa. “The extremely violent tensile mechanism to which the head and neck are submitted creates maximum tensions, and can even injure the muscles and ligaments of the neck, which are unable to resist this sharp stretching force, causing what is known as cervical sprain,” explains Doctor Carlos Puell, Specialist in the Rehabilitation Service and Specialist in the Traffic Unit at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja.
As for the symptoms of this type of lesion, Doctor Mayte Resta, Head of the Accident and Emergency Service and Specialist in the Traffic Unit at Hospital Quirónsalud Valencia, highlights dorsal-cervical pain, occipitofrontal headaches (like an oppressive crown), limited cervical mobility, in rotation as well as a feeling of not being able to support the weight of the head, dizziness and tingling in the hands. Likewise, she adds that “the fact of experiencing a traffic accident causes a psychological impact that can produce another series of symptoms related to stressful situations, such as anxiety or refusal to ride in or drive a vehicle again.”
Traffic accidents, due to acceleration and deceleration forces, can cause acute injuries or complicate pre-existing lesions. Early assessment and implementation of treatment is essential to minimise physical sequela. According to Doctor Diego Gómez, Specialist in the Traffic Unit and Rehabilitation Physician at Quirónsalud Murcia, “from the medical perspective, it is crucial for any patient involved in a traffic accident to come in for an urgent medical assessment, whatever the severity his or her lesions present.”
The recovery period for this type of lesion can go from two months to a much longer, harder to determine period. Their treatment is based on a combination of analgesics and anti-inflammatories, together with rehabilitation therapy, such as ultrasound, currents, neck exercises and posture hygiene norms. “But despite having undergone adequate treatment, sometimes, and for multiple reasons, cervical sprains do not heal, and can have several sequelae, such as cervical pain, dizziness and headaches. Any lesion, no matter how mild, runs the risk of becoming a permanent sequela in time if it is not treated adequately and by the right team of professionals,” points out Doctor Puell.
Tips for Safe Driving
The specialists from Quirónsalud Traffic Units advise following these recommendations before any automobile trip to ensure safe driving:


 	Rest: Do not start a trip if you are not properly rested. Likewise, we recommend taking a break every hour and a half, to stretch. Stop at the first sign of tiredness.
 	Choose light meals, and do not consume any alcoholic beverages, even those with low alcoholic grade.
 	Sit in a correct position at the wheel: your legs must be slightly bent, and the back adjusted so that your wrists reach the upper part of the steering wheel.
 	Dress in loose, comfortable clothing, and wear adequate shoes.




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### ECO Stickers Mandatory in Madrid

From Wednesday, April 24, it will be mandatory for vehicles wishing to travel through Madrid to display the ECO Sticker in the windscreen.



The ECO Sticker was introduced to highlight the impact vehicle pollutants have on the environment, and to encourage the purchase of less environmentally damaging vehicles.

Cities like Madrid, Barcelona and Seville had implemented protocols to restrict access to certain areas at times, but the new ruling makes it mandatory to display the sticker on vehicles travelling through the country´s capital, or face a fine of up to 100 euro.

The “Municipal Sustainable Mobility Ordinance” was announced six months ago and comes into force on Wednesday, and applies to all vehicles whether they belong to residents of Madrid or elsewhere.

All vehicles are grouped into categories to enable the issue of the sticker, ranging from the least polluting to the worst:

“Zero Emissions” - Blue sticker: electric cars and plug-in hybrids.

“ECO” - Green and blue sticker: non-pluggable hybrids.

“C” - Green sticker: cars and gas vans registered after 2006, and diesel vehicles registered from 2014.

“B” - Yellow sticker: Petrol fuelled vehicles registered after 2000 but before 2006, and diesel vehicles 2006 to 2014.

At the end of 2017, when the most recent study of the vehicle fleet was conducted, there were 1.8 million vehicles without any environmental distinction (the most polluting and limited). Then majority of vehicles had distinction “B” (11.3 million), 6.9 million were labelled as “C” while only 174,563 were classed as “ECO”, and 30,446 “Zero Emissions”.

The local government of Madrid has been concerned over the environmental impact vehicle pollutants has been having, devising various plans before the implementation of the ECO stickers, which has now made it easier to control access.

Although outside Madrid displaying the sticker is not mandatory, it is advisable to obtain one, as it is expected that various other locations will start to follow suit. The stickers can be obtained from main post offices, and can be ordered online from the Correos website.

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### Cyclists Give Cyclists a Bad Name!

In a relationship that seems to have developed into one of almost bitter rivalry, cyclists and other road users seem to be at constant odds.

Sweeping statements like, “all cyclists go through red lights”, or, “cyclists think they own the road”, are grossly unfair, but it is true that this happens. Just like cyclists who are in a group riding more than two abreast, or not allowing other traffic to pass, but the reality is, it is only a portion of these road users that give the rest a bad name.

It is however important to remember that a bicycle, when on the road, is classed as a vehicle, and therefore the rider is responsible for adhering to almost all of the laws that apply to other vehicles, which means they cannot go through red lights, or consume more than the prescribed limit of alcohol, they can´t wear headphones, and they can´t use their mobile phone whilst riding, amongst many other things.



Equally, other road users must respect cycles and accept that they have as much right to use the road as other vehicles. If it´s safe to overtake, then you must give at least 1.5 metres of space when passing, and if you can´t give than minimum space, then you mustn´t attempt to overtake, as the cycle has a right to be there.

Cyclists cannot ride across zebra crossings, because we wouldn´t expect a truck to do that, and the rider must dismount before they do. When cycling on specially designed cycle paths, riders must note and take appropriate action when they see road signs, which include the ones marked STOP before crossing a main road, for example.

By the way, the traffic police do monitor cyclists as well, and, in case you are in any doubt, they do issue fines and sanctions to riders who are caught. The Pegasus equipped helicopters also monitor cyclists to make sure they are adhering to the law and despite finding that the majority do, the helicopter crew initiate action against those they find who are not obeying the law.

If you are curious about fines for cyclists, here are the most common:

 	Not having a bell on your bicycle – 80€
 	Faulty or no brakes – 80€
 	Carrying an extra person on the bicycle – 80€
 	Failing to stop at a traffic light (as in the dashcam pictures) – 200€
 	Failing to give way at a junction – 200€
 	Not having lights – 200€
 	Having too many lights – 200€
 	Failing to wear high visibility clothing between sunset and sunrise and in poor visibility – 200€
 	Riding under the influence of alcohol – 500€

This is neither a problem or a matter exclusive to Spain, as we can see from this Tweet from Greater Manchester Police below. There are some cyclists everywhere who continue to try to ignore the rules, and, whenever possible, they are dealt with to try and restore the balance and keep the roads safer for all. However, take note of the difference in the fine.



Please remember, if you are not a cyclist, is really is only a small group who give the others a bad name. The majority of cyclists do uphold the law. If you´re a cyclist who does flout the law, take note, there are laws that you must adhere to, and you are helping to give everyone a bad name, so please ride with courtesy and respect, in the same way that you hope to be respected.

### It looks the same, but...

They look similar – steering wheel, foot pedals, displays with numbers on – but the reality is, a most cars differ in the equipment they offer, more so given new technological advances, and so it is important if we get a new car, even if we are just renting it, to get to know what´s where.



Though some might not admit it, many of us have accidentally put the windscreen wipers on instead of indicating, or vice versa, because the control stick is on the opposite side to what we are used to, but this might lead to a minor inconvenience in reality, compared to not knowing how some of the other vehicle features work.

In recent years, different safety devices such as blind spot detectors, autonomous emergency braking or parking sensors have been incorporated into vehicles, but the amount of information they provide and the number of systems that must be kept under control can also create an increase in the level of distraction whilst driving, especially when there is a lack of real understanding as to what each of the alerts and warnings may display.



There are many systems that help make driving safer. Most of them hide behind names and acronyms that not everyone understands. Systems like ABS, ESP, BAS, traction control or blind spot control are part of the elements that, little by little, have made their way in modern cars.

A study by RACE and Castrol revealed that the lack of knowledge about the operation of these technologies can have a negative effect on driving, as 6% of drivers become frightened by these systems, some 13% become stressed, and 25% report being distracted.

However, this lack of knowledge not only affects drivers, as the influence technology has on businesses is far-reaching, and a recent survey within the motor trade has revealed that some car dealers are also struggling to keep up with the rapidly changing techno field.

It is necessary to know the operation of each system to avoid that apprehensive feeling and anxiety caused by the use of technology that generates a continuous tension in the conduction known as 'technological stress'. A cars cockpit has become less like a wheel and a few levers, and more like that of the Space Shuttle in recent years, and pilots are trained extensively in the use of their complex systems, a driver has to rely on a manual at best, or Google, assuming the driver actually bothers to read it of course.

However, that is perhaps where to find the solution. Read the manual, search You Tube, search the internet, and train yourself for every device on your vehicle. Of course if it is a hire car it may prove difficult to do extensive research, but you should still closely examine the vehicle´s controls, and try them, before setting off.

Although we can´t ignore the technology, we can acknowledge that it is here to stay, and get better. Technology is there to help us out, which is why terms like “driver assist” are so important, because the driver is still (in 2019) in charge of the vehicle.

Right now, Spanish and German researchers have developed a system that analyses the behaviour of the driver, and, based on the data collected (speed, changes of gear, acceleration, etc), makes a series of recommendations in real time. In the future, the car may take over completely and there will be no need for humans to train and pass a test, but not yet.

What happens in the mind?

This stress caused by the technologies in the vehicle directly affects our psychophysical state. According to Luis Montoro, president of the Spanish Foundation for Road Safety, Fundación Española para la Seguridad Vial (FESVIAL), stress is a general process of adaptation to the environment whose problems appear when their level is very intense and is maintained for a long time. If the adaptation to this medium, in this case the technologies behind the wheel, is permanent, the mind cannot rest and, consequently, the body will perform negative actions.

Health and driving concentration have to be compatible to drive safely. With the changing mode of information and the constant advancement of telecommunications, it seems that you can never keep up with technological developments. According to Antonio Cano Vindel, president of the Spanish Society for the Study of Anxiety and Stress, driving stress depends on the level of knowledge. While learning to drive, a level of disturbance is generated and it has an impact on an emotion associated with stress, which is anxiety.

The amount of data that the driver can visualize and take into account while driving can fatigue you and, even worse, distract your attention by taking care of other data and taking your eyes off the road. Driving requires a level of concentration appropriate to the circumstances and any type of distraction can cause a road error with fatal consequences.

 

### Mobile Phone Dangers Escalating

This week, we recognised the now global event to raise awareness of the dangers of using a mobile phone whilst driving, but still the message isn´t getting through to some people who are risking their own lives, and the lives of others, just to get noticed on social media, and it´s not just the drivers who are creating the risk.



The latest occurrence of social media madness has been recorded on a road in Fuerteventura, where footage shows a young man with his mobile phone in hand, opening the door on the passenger side of a moving vehicle, bringing his body halfway out, and recording the passing landscape as the background for his #selfie.

It was the passenger in a car that was following the vehicle that recorded the footage, as the vehicles travelled at speeds in excess of 70 kilometres per hour.

After recording his ultimate selfie, the man was seen struggling to get back into the vehicle in a situation that could so easily have had a very different outcome.



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### Vehicle VAT Fraudsters Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested seven people for allegedly defrauding the tax office of more than 48,800 euro in transactions purchasing high-end vehicles.



The group would purchase the vehicles in Germany and import them into Spain, without paying VAT in either country. The fraud was possible through the creation of fake invoices.

The investigation began when officers from the traffic department became aware of a company based in Guardamar del Seguara registering two vehicles to the same person, and two days later transferred them again to third parties.

Following three months analysing documentation, officers from the GIAT group of the Guardia Civil identified seven people involved in what appeared to be a network of vehicle transfer and sale without the VAT being paid.

As well as manipulating documents to show that VAT had been paid, they also used names of other individuals who were not aware of the alleged scam, and falsified their signatures.

Upon becoming aware of suspicion, the company shut down in February, but commenced the same practice under another name, initially delaying the investigation, but not for long.

A total of 12 vehicles have been identified as having been imported without VAT being paid, resulting in the arrest of seven people, five men aged between 38 and 52, and two women aged 26 and 47, arrested in Alicante, Torrevieja and Benidorm.

All have been released on bail with charges pending. Of the 12 vehicles, 3 have been recovered, as they were in the possession of the arrestees, meanwhile, the other 9 have been identified and located and are pending instruction from the tax office as to whether these vehicles should be seized.

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### Preparing for Easter 2019

Final plans have now been set out for the special operation on the roads of Spain to ensure the safest movement of traffic for the Easter period, when 15.5 million long-distance trips are expected, 7.4% more than last year.

The operation begins at 15:00 (3 p.m.) on Friday 12 April, and ends at midnight on Monday, April 22, 2019.

Easter is one of the most intense time periods on the roads due to the multitude of trips that take place in a short space of time, with similar origins and destinations and carried out on the same days and hours.

The special operation will be split into two phases, which coincide with the days when the greatest number of trips take place, in fact almost 90% of the expected movements.

The first phase will begin at 15:00 (3 p.m.) on Friday, April 12 and end at midnight on Sunday, April 14. During this first phase, it is anticipated that 3.9 million trips will take place.

The second phase, which is the most important in the Easter calendar due to the volume of vehicle journeys along the entire road network, will begin on Wednesday, April 17, except in the communities of Valencia and Catalonia, when it will begin on the Thursday.

The second phase will end at midnight on Monday, April 22 with the return operation, an operation that will take place from Saturday afternoon and will continue throughout the whole of Sunday and Easter Monday as the Balearic Islands, Catalonia, Valencian Community, Cantabria, Navarra, Basque Country, Castilla la Mancha and La Rioja all recognise Monday as a holiday.

For those areas where the Monday is not a holiday, many of them still give children and students a day off, and so the dynamic of traffic flow is significantly changed in many places.

In order to ensure the road network is as safe as possible, this year will see 9,200 Guardia Civil traffic officers on duty throughout the operation, 400 more than last year.



This year is also the first main holiday after the reduction in the maximum permitted speed on the main road network. Excessive speed is still a factor in 29% of all fatal incidents on the road.



In order to ensure that drivers maintain safe speeds, there will be 724 speed control points, 62 radars, 557 mobile radars in the vehicles of the Guardia Civil, 10 operational helicopters, most fitted with Pegasus airborne radar, and drones prepared to monitor and regulate the roads.



In addition, there will be new “integrated patrols” operating in every province. These patrols are carried out by Guardia Civil officers on motorbikes which carry a whole range of monitoring and enforcement equipment, including Velolaser mobile radars, alcohol and drug monitors, and computers connected to the central database to check on all vehicles and drivers.



Speed is not the only element the traffic officers will be paying close attention to. The use of seat belts and child restraint systems are also high on the list. In addition to the ground and air patrols, the DGT will use the 216 smart cameras that check for the use of seat belts, as well as mobile phone use. Distractions at the wheel are the primary cause of fatal traffic incidents.



In addition to the visible presence, there will also be 264 unmarked, “camouflaged” vehicles that will be patrolling mainly on conventional roads to monitor irregular behaviour, but paying close attention to drivers using a mobile phone. Remember, you are not allowed to use a mobile phone when driving, you are not even permitted to touch it, and that also includes when sat in traffic or at traffic lights, for example. The use of in-ear devices for hands free operation is also prohibited.

There will also be a zero tolerance to alcohol and drugs: Preventive controls checking for drivers who have consumed alcohol or drugs will be intensified. During last Easter, 4 out of 10 people who lost their lives on the roads had consumed alcohol above the allowed limit. The rest of the year the percentage of positive tested fatalities 1 out of every 4.

There will also be special attention given to motorcycles, as in the last 4 years, 23% of those killed during the Easter celebrations were riding a motorcycle, despite the fact that these vehicles represent 16% of the on road fleet. The age of those who died was between 35 and 54.The majority of fatal collisions occurred on secondary roads and at the exit junction, or a head on collision. Therefore, motorcycle riders are also reminded of their responsibilities to adhere to the rules of the road, along with other road users.

There is also an increase in the number of cyclists on the roads during the holiday period. In fact, cycle tourism increases by 6%.Therefore, all road users are reminded to allow cyclists extra room when overtaking, at least 1.5 metres, and if you can´t give that space, then keep well back. Overtaking cyclists is one occasion when a solid white line may be crossed, but only if no traffic is coming in the opposite direction. Of course, cyclists are also reminded of their responsibilities to also adhere to the laws, and to keep as close as possible to the right shoulder and to be properly equipped and visible. Riding two abreast is permitted, but only if doing so doesn´t impede other vehicles from proceeding.

 

Improving Traffic Flow

To facilitate the safe movement of vehicles, the DGT will establish the following measures:

 	The installation of reversible and additional lanes at times when the greatest traffic flow is expected. When driving in temporary lanes the use of headlights is required.
 	All none essential road works will be suspended.
 	The holding of sports events and other events that involve the occupation of the road will be limited.
 	The movement of trucks transporting dangerous goods and vehicles that require special authorisation will be restricted.
 	Establishment and signalling of alternative routes depending on the origin and destination of the journey, so as to avoid the downtown areas, which generates the most traffic. All the itineraries can be consulted on the DGT website, dgt.es.
 	Dynamic signage through the more than 2,000 variable message panels of the main traffic variables: journey times, alternative itineraries, incidents on the road, etc.

Other Considerations

Finally, remember to take plenty of rest breaks and to be alert when driving at all times. If you are tired, don´t drive. Plan your journeys in advance, and be aware of your own capabilities.

Last year almost half of fatal accidents (14) occurred after eating and 10 of the 31 deaths were people over 65.

### Where is Your Top Destination this Easter? #TopVacacional

The Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, has presented the details of this year´s special operation to deal with the flow of traffic around the Easter holidays, with the usual emphasis of ensuring a smooth flow of traffic whilst preventing traffic related incidents during the 10 day holiday period.



During the Easter holidays of last year, 190 people didn´t return home as planned after celebrating the fiesta. Of those, 31 didn´t return home at all, leaving their families and friends to deal with the loss and the grief that they never imagined having to deal with.

This year, as part of the promised hard-hitting campaigns Pere Navarro prefers, the DGT has created a series of videos and posters promoting the top holiday destinations for the season, although these are not what you might expect at first, as prison, hospital or the cemetery are the top three destinations on offer, specifically for those who fail to respect traffic law, and in particular those who ignore the most deadly practices of inappropriate speed, consuming alcohol or drugs, and distractions such as using a mobile phone.

In an ironic way, the campaign takes a tour of those three places where nobody thinks they will end when they start their holidays. The adverts will be seen on television, and through social media, attempting to reach as many people as possible as a reminder of the dangers involved and the responsibility of each and every road user.



There is also a dedicated website, topvacacional.es, and a hashtag, #TopVacacional, to maximise the reach even further.



Moreover, posters have been created that will be seen in newspapers, shopping centres, travel interchanges, and billboards.



The videos themselves have been recorded in real locations, just to add that extra level of sincerity, and has been achieved through the collaboration of the Hospital del Escorial, the prison in Segovia and the Cementerio de la Almudena, as well as SUMA 112 and all of the professionals who work in these centres.

### Watch Out! You are Not Alone!

In the last five years, a hundred people have gone to work for the benefit of saving lives, but never to return home, having been killed whilst working on the roads.



The DGT has joined in a campaign launched by the association of companies who carry out road maintenance, warning drivers of the simple message that “you are not alone” on the road.

Every day hundreds of people go to work on the roads in order to carry out maintenance or improvement work, which is for the benefit of all road users, and we must all be aware that at any time there may be people working on the roads.



Many of the people working are simply not even noticed by drivers, despite them wearing high visibility clothing, and the result is that these people are at an extreme risk whilst performing their duties.

If ever road signs indicate work taking place, these warnings are not only for you as a driver, but are to help protect vulnerable people working in the roads. Speed limits are often reduced, lanes may be closed or narrowed, there may be diversions in place, whatever it might be, we all need to heed the warnings.

Road signs used during works are the same as normal signs, but with a yellow background. These signs are of a higher priority than normal road signs. In other words, whatever the yellow signs say takes precedence over their white-background partners.

You might not see the workers in the road, but please be prepared for them. Slow down, allow extra room to manoeuvre, and remember that you are not alone.

### N332 RoadWatch – Issue 17

Welcome to the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch.

You can read this edition here for free, at the end of the introduction, or if you would like to purchase and download  a PDF version, you can click the button here...



Buy Now


Did you visit the Expo Torrevieja? We know thousands of people did, and we spoke to most of you. If you did, thanks for coming along and saying hello, it is always nice to meet you.

There´s a lot going on in this issue, with a number of new rules to look at that are not directly related to Spain, but may have an impact on life here, especially with the B-word meaning the UK has had to adapt some of its driving rules.

Throughout this edition you will see a number of images and posters for a campaign which is now in its fourth year, originating in the UK, all about the dangers of mobile phone use. I´ll not say anything more here, as we go into detail inside, but keep a sharp eye open and see if you can spot them all, keen observation is key to safe driving after all.

We have the latest seat belt use statistics and, as always, they are of grave concern, especially the number of children left unprotected in cars. However, we also report how the courts are not looking on this with leniency, so hopefully the message will start to sink in to those who risk life by not using these crucial safety devices.

Our cover mage this time features the new look for the Guardia Civil traffic vehicles. It´s more than just a look though. All will be explained!

There´s lots more to keep you occupied too, so I will let you get on and flick through the pages and, we hope, enjoy this latest publication.

 

So, for now, as always, stay safe.










Buy Now


 

### Traffic Officers Locate Motorway Scooter Rider

Following a video recorded by a passenger in a car, the Guardia Civil located and denounced a scooter rider who was travelling along a motorway and wearing headphones.



The woman has been charged with two sanctions, firstly for riding the vehicle on a road where it was prohibited, and secondly for wearing headphones whilst she drove the scooter.

The woman was recorded travelling along the CV-35 (Valencia-Ademuz) and the CV-30 (Ronda Norte), the footage being given to the research and analysis section (GIAT) of the Guardia Civil Traffic Sector in Valencia.

After analysing the images, the officers found that the woman was driving along a section of motorway with four lanes, on which traffic is usually intense. The investigators were also able to see that she was wearing headphones.

Therefore, the officers launched a search for the woman, and alerted traffic patrols to monitor the area, and it wasn´t long before a traffic patrol located the woman using the same scooter along a five-lane stretch of the CV-30, and, once again, wearing headphones.

The woman was intercepted, identified and reported for the offences both witnesses by the officers, and those of the recording, where she faces a fine of up to 1,100 euro.

### Six Months in Prison for Not Helping Pedestrian

The Provincial Court of Santander has handed down a sentence of six months in prison to a man who failed to assist a pedestrian who had been knocked down when crossing the road improperly.



The recent reform of the Criminal Code relating to crimes against road safety, which came into force in March, incorporates a new offence of abandonment of the place of the incident, with penalties of 2 to 4 years in prison in the event of the incident being as a result of imprudence, or from 3 to 6 months in prison in the event of a lesser degree of a charge.

According to the account of events that appears in the sentence, the defendant was driving a car when a pedestrian walked into the road without looking, and although the driver attempted to stop, there was nothing that could be done to avoid the collision.

Although the court rules that there was nothing the driver could have done to avoid hitting the victim, “Being aware that he had run over the pedestrian, who after seeing him lying stretched on the road, suffered a state of nervousness,” the inability to avoid the incident did not affect the driver´s ability to react to the aftermath.

The reports state that the man “left the scene in the vehicle without stopping to assist the pedestrian and without checking the state in which he was in”.

Minutes later, the man returned to the place accompanied by another person who he stated was his “boss”, identifying himself to the police officers who attended the incident that he was the driver of the vehicle.

The pedestrian was taken by ambulance to Valdecilla Hospital, where he died that same day as a result of the serious injuries caused by the incident.

According to the resolution, the members of the jury unanimously agreed that “the pedestrian walked into the road in an unregulated manner, and, therefore, the defendant could not avoid the incident”.

However, the jury found him guilty in view of the fact that that the man left “knowing, or at least being in a position to know, that the pedestrian could have suffered serious injuries and that he needed urgent assistance.”

The sentence of six months in prison has been suspended for two years.

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### Raising Awareness of Mobile Social Media Dangers

Distracted driving is not something new. It has always been there from rubber necking to messing with the stereo, lighting cigarettes, drinking/eating and even children. The mobile phone has simply added an additional distraction to already overloaded drivers.



Whereas up until recent years the phone was a device for simply talking to somebody, itself distracting enough, the development of the smartphone has brought about a new range of features, and a new range of distractions.

Mobile phones have become an extension of our hands and so normalised to us that many drivers are oblivious to the dangers. Our lives are becoming increasingly digitally orientated. The plethora of social media platforms, chat services and other applications are all calling for the users attention and FOMO (Fear of Missing Out) has become a very real issue for many.

Then we have those who actively engage with such platforms whilst driving. A short glance to read a notification can lead to tragedy but live and recorded video has become very popular and is increasingly leading drivers to record footage whilst at the wheel.



A brief search across social media platforms will quickly reveal drivers engaged in this dangerous behaviour in your area and across the globe. The message is clear. #DistractedDrivingKills

In an initiative first created in the UK by Neil Dewson-Smyth, a serving police officer in Cheshire Constabulary, but now, in its fourth year, gaining global support, #DontStreamAndDrive Day 2019 is set for April 16th. Whilst the day is the main event, it is the culmination of several weeks of pushing the message across social media across the UK and internationally.



In the most recent data published by the World Health Organisation, every 24 seconds someone dies on the road. Road traffic injuries are the number 1 cause of death amongst children aged 5 to 14 and young adults aged 15 to 29.

Smartphones have become the most popular internet-connected device (78% of UK adults use one) and websites around the world have seen mobile devices overtake desktop computers.

There is a substantial documented research proving that hand held and hands free mobile phone use is a significant distraction and substantially increases the risk of being involved in a crash.

A National Safety Council white paper concludes drivers using mobile phones have a tendency to look but not see (sometimes referred to as ‘Inattentional blindness’). A lorry driver involved in a crash that killed 8 people on the M1 in 2017 cited ‘Inattentional blindness’ in his defence, as he was using a hands free mobile device at the time his vehicle hit a minibus and shunted it into another lorry.



Social media has become the new place to find breaking news and often before the major news outlets. Members of the public have the opportunity, when presented with a situation, to break that news to the internet. The concept of ‘Citizen Journalism’ became increasingly apparent when news sources like the New York Times decided that there was little need for their own photographer pool as social media users are now always first on the scene. The draw of this is high and is evident by the number of those who record crash scenes as they drive past ( #eRubberNecking ) or how many people record unfolding incidents instead of helping.

#DontStreamAndDrive Day is in its 4th year. It is run entirely on social media and in the last 3 years has attained a social reach of over 100m. Its aim has always been to raise the awareness of the dangers of distracted driving and especially those engendered by recording or broadcasting video. It is the only campaign of its type in the world and has enjoyed the support of most UK police forces, many other emergency services, road safety organisations, the public and many police officers across the country on Twitter. It takes place this year on April 16th with support from the National Police Chiefs Council, Cheshire Constabulary and the National Roads Policing Intelligence Forum.

Further details about #DontStreamAndDrive can be found at www.dontstreamanddrive.com

You can also follow Neil on Twitter and Facebook.

### Seat Belts – Live and Learn

In the most recent intensified campaign focussing on the wearing of seat belts and child restraints, 4,446 people were found to be not wearing a seat belt, adults who actively made that choice, whereas 262 children were also travelling without any form of restraint, 62 of them in the front seat.



It might be a well known fact that children learn by example, but that doesn´t seem to be realised by the adults responsible for those children found to be put at risk. That said, those children are the lucky ones, as hopefully the lesson will be learnt and the responsible adults will take appropriate action from now on.

To be found responsible for the death of any child is a burden that is almost impossible to conceive, let alone one´s own. That burden will not be eased by the courts, as has been witnessed in a sentence handed down in Madrid this week, in which the driver of a car has been sentence to two years in prison following a crash in which his son was killed.



The incident occurred in February, 2017, when the defendant was driving his car, an Opel Corsa, at speeds between 120 and 130 kilometres per hour on a section of the MA-20 motorway at the exit of the Carlos Haya tunnel, in the Almería direction, where the maximum permitted limit is 80 kilometres per hour.

The reports state that the vehicle was travelling in the left hand lane and whilst the driver was distracted moved, “inadvertently,” to the centre lane. The driver then noticed another vehicle and realised a collision was imminent, thus making a sharp turn to the left to avoid the crash, losing control of his car and colliding with the central reservation, before rolling six times.

Travelling in the vehicle was the man´s son, a four-year-old boy, who was travelling in a child seat which was located on the back seat of the vehicle. However, the seat had not been secured to the vehicle and the child was thrown from the vehicle and died instantly due to a head trauma.

The sentence states that the defendant had not anchored the child seat to the vehicle, nor had he fastened the safety harness. As a result, the man omitted “the most elementary duties of care that, as father and responsible for the vehicle, were incumbent upon him”.

As a result, whilst living with the knowledge of what he was responsible for, the man was sentenced to two years in prison for a crime of homicide for serious imprudence. He was also banned from driving for three years.

The man will also have to financially compensate the mother and siblings of the child for a total of 113,307 euro, of which only a portion, 20,451 to each of the children, will be covered by the insurance company.

The Most Recent Statistics

In the most recent campaign, which ran between the 11th and 17th of March, 4,446 people have been detected not using the seat belt, or the child restraint system in the case of minors, by Guardia Civil traffic patrols.

The campaign, which is included in the annual calendar of special actions planned by the International Traffic Police Organization (TISPOL), meant that many countries increased surveillance during the week.

In Spain, a total of 377,602 vehicles have been checked and it has been verified that 4,446 people did not use the mandatory security device.

The data reveals that 75.6% of people who did not use this safety device were on conventional roads, the place where 8 out of 10 deaths occur.

During the seven days, the officers also detected 262 children, of equal or less than 135 cm tall, travelling without any type of security device. Specifically, 62 of them were in the front seat and another 200 in the rear seats.

Spanish legislation requires that children equal or less than 135 cm in height who travel by vehicle, in addition to travelling with the child restraint system appropriate to their size and weight as required, must be seated in the rear seats of vehicles, except:

 	When the vehicle does not have rear seats
 	When all the rear seats are already occupied by other minors of the same characteristics.
 	When it is not possible to install all the child restraint systems in said rear seats.

It is only in these cases that children can occupy the front seat of the vehicle, but always using the restraint system approved to their size and weight. Child restraint systems must be installed in the vehicle in accordance with the instructions provided by the manufacturer.

Life Insurance

The seat belt is a basic and fundamental element of road safety, a life insurance. For this reason, its use is mandatory for all occupants of a vehicle and on all types of roads. In addition, the correct use of it is essential to fulfil the purpose for which it was created.

In the monitoring that is done from the air it is appreciated how many occupants of the vehicle either don´t use a seat belt or use it incorrectly, thus reducing the effectiveness of the device.

In Spain, seat belt use is not only monitored by ground patrols on a daily basis, but also by the helicopters and drones operated by the DGT, and hundreds of smart cameras around the network.

### Warning Triangles to be Replaced

The DGT is planning to implement a significant change to how people are protected in the event of their vehicle becoming immobilised on the road, by replacing the mandatory requirement for warning triangles with emergency lights.

Concern has been growing over the number of deaths on the roads, and an increase in the number of incidents following a continual decline which has now started to grow once again. One sector which had not been looked at previously is the number of deaths and injuries to people who are in the process of protecting their vehicles after they have become immobilised, such as when they have broken down and the driver has set about placing warning triangles on the road.

In 2018, according to the data from the DGT, “more than 20 people died on roads and motorways as a result of this type of incident”. In 2018 the number of people killed on motorways, for example, increased from 208 to 303, of which 20% were pedestrians.

Therefore, in order to offer better protection, the DGT proposes the replacement of the mandatory warning triangles, of which a vehicle must currently carry two, with illuminated devices that can be seen from a greater distance and at all times of day and night.

The main reason for this measure is the danger it entails for people having to get out off the vehicle to place the warning triangles on the road, having had to walk at least 50 metres in the face of oncoming traffic to do so, and possibly another 50 metres towards the front of their immobilises vehicle.

The proposal, if it becomes law, and if it does it would not be until 2025, would alter the protocol for dealing with a broken down vehicle, and so in the event of a vehicle becoming immobilised the device could be immediately placed on the uppermost part of the vehicle, where it is most visible.

“Today the user has to leave the vehicle and go to place the triangle, it is at that moment when people become vulnerable, so we think it is more appropriate to remain in the vehicle replacing that pre-signalling by another,” said Ana Blanco, Assistant Deputy Director of the DGT, explaining how in the United Kingdom, it is prohibited to place triangles on the motorway.

Ana Blanco has said that the DGT has affirmed that this proposal for regulation has contemplated a term of 5 years in which the triangle is progressively replaced by another means of light signalling. Currently, the regulation only recommends the use of an additional luminous device (flashing amber beacon) as an optional element, in addition to hazard lights and the warning triangle.

### Time for your First ITV

You´ve been driving around in your new vehicle for some time now, you´ve had little inconvenience or problem, other than taking it for a quick service, but now it´s come of age and it´s time for it to undertake its first ever ITV inspection.

Don´t worry, there is nothing scary about the test; it is a simple procedure that ensures that the primary safety features on the vehicle are working. You won´t be judged on your taste in music, or if you have flowery seat covers, it is just about the safety elements.

That said, there are a few things that you can check before you go for your ITV inspection, and make it even easier, after all the aim is to come away with a successful inspection so that we can continue driving.



When you subject your vehicle to a test, there are three possible outcomes. Favourable, in which the vehicle has passed with no problems, unfavourable, in which case the vehicle has failed. In the event of an unfavourable report, the vehicle cannot be driven. The same applies for an expired ITV test in the future, if your ITV expires then the vehicle is not permitted on the public roads, you must arrange to truck, a grua, to take the vehicle on its back. In the UK it is possible to book an appointment for your MOT and you are permitted to drive the vehicle to that appointment, irrespective of the status of the car. In Spain there is no such luxury. If a vehicle does not have a valid ITV certificate, it cannot be driven on the roads.

The third possible status after the test will be that the inspector has noticed some minor faults. In this case, the vehicle will not be failed, but these faults will be detailed on the ITV report you will be given at the end of the test. You then have a maximum of two months in which to have these faults repaired.

However, today we are talking about things that can be checked before we go for the examination, and therefore, hopefully, pass with a favourable result.

First, take a slow and detailed walk around the vehicle. Look closely at the body work. You need to pay particular attention to deformations, misshapes, dents and the likes, but particularly for any sharp edges. Vehicle designs are always smooth and flowing, partly for aerodynamic reasons, but also, in this case, because sharp edges can cause considerably more damage in the event of a collision. Imagine if the wing of the car was damaged and has a serrated edge where the previous collision took place. If that part of the car impacted with a pedestrian or cyclist, for example, the damage would be catastrophic.

As you go around the vehicle make sure that the rear-view mirrors on the outside are in good condition, not broken or speckled, and that visibility is good. You will have to do the same for the interior mirror too. All mirrors must be correctly fixed in their original housings and firm.

Whilst we are walking around the vehicle, also check the tyres. Make sure that there is sufficient tread around each tyre, that the wear (if any) is equal, and that there are no deformations. You need to carry out both a visible check and also get your hands dirty by feeling your way around each tyre, including on the side that you can´t see, and don´t forget to check the spare wheel if your vehicle has one.

It is also a good idea to check each of the tyres conforms to the requirements printed on the vehicle´s documentation.



As we are moving to the interior of the vehicle, check all the doors. Make sure that they all open easily, that they close, and that they remain securely closed.

Next, we need to check the seat belts. Make sure that all seat belts move freely when pulled from their roll, and then give each of them a jolt to make sure that they lock when they are supposed to. You also need to make sure that free movement returns after the jolt. Ensure that the seat belts all click into their locking attachment, and unclip easily when pressed. They must not come away from the locking mechanism unless the button is pressed. To make things easier during the inspection, it is a good idea to leave any unused seat belts buckled fully, as that speeds the process up slightly for the inspectors.



From inside the vehicle we need to check that the horn works, although be careful when you test this so as not to alarm anybody. Don´t forget that the interior rear view mirror also needs checking that it is clear and firmly fixed.

Whilst checking the horn, we can also check the lights, perhaps getting someone to help you at this point, as all lights need to be tested, so that means the headlights, dipped and full beam, brake lights, indicators, reversing lights, and fog lights, making sure they all work correctly. Pay close attention to the headlights during this check, making sure that the glass is clear. In Spain we suffer from a “frosting” effect as the strong sun discolours the coating on the headlights. This frosting can result in a failed examination, so make sure they are clear and get them treated before the test if needed.



Whilst also sat in the vehicle, check the dashboard, in particular looking for any obvious problems such as engine warning lights, or other warnings, as these too can prevent the vehicle from passing.



Finally, on the subject of clarity, the windscreen wipers must be in good condition, and the windscreen washer reservoir topped up with liquid for cleaning the windscreen.

If you carry out these simple checks, there is a higher chance of you getting through the test without any problems, but we must keep in mind that some faults cannot be seen by these basic checks, but the examiners are highly trained and qualified in ensuring that the safety features are all working, and so if anything is identified as being wrong, not only is it important to get it fixed, it is an important way of having faults which could lead to further problems identified.

### N332 Needs Your Help

Once again, the N332 Road Safety Project has been nominated and shortlisted in a national award that recognises contributions to road safety.

The “Ponle Freno Citizen 2019” is awarded public vote, and so we need your help to support us.

Representing N332 once again is Francisco Javier Morales, the original founder of the project group, a serving Guardia Civil traffic officer based in Torrevieja.

Francisco Javier Morales
Francisco Javier Morales - In 2018, in his spare time, he has translated the Spanish Road Safety Law into English and has added an explanation and images to each of the articles.

Francisco Javier Morales works on the project for free, and wants to help foreign drivers better understand Spanish traffic regulations, hoping to be able to reduce accidents and traffic infractions.

He also created a page on Facebook where he publishes information about Spanish traffic law and road safety in English.
The nomination this year has been given thanks to the volunteers and supporters who helped to translate the Spanish Traffic Law eBook, which, as the nomination itself describes, aims to help foreign driver better understand our traffic regulations, hoping to reduce accidents and traffic infractions.

The three finalists are Aura Anahi Chávez López, Francisco Javier Morales Herrera, and José María Gracia. Everyone at N332 acknowledges the tireless work the other candidates have undertaken.

Whilst travelling on a bus on the Llanes-Oviedo line, Aura Anahi noticed that the driver was in trouble and took control of the bus to bring it to a safe stop, avoiding serious injury, or worse, for the 16 passengers on board.

José María Gracia was a municipal worker who died in 2018, known locally as el 'hombre semáforo', he regulated traffic for 20 years in the Zaragoza town of Quinto, as the school crossing patrol, “lollipop man”.

Finally, we have Francisco Javier Morales Herrera, a Guardia Civil traffic officer who first devised and set up the N332 project, which developed into a Facebook page, a website cataloguing news and articles, outreach work within the community, and this latest major project, the translation of the Spanish Traffic Law into English.

Much as we do recognise the work of the others, and we respect the work that they do tremendously, we are asking now for your help to vote for Francisco, who is representing everyone behind the project who have taken it to where we are today.

Winning the award, which is nationally recognised, will help raise awareness of the need for such documents as the traffic law to be available in multiple languages, or at least English, as it is vital, in fact life-essential, that these safety-critical laws are understood.

The nomination alone adds strength to the project and our ability to lobby for important change like this, whilst still continuing to develop, whereas winning would prove our argument for the need of this to be done, across all platforms.

Voting is easy. All you have to do is visit the page of the organisers, at https://compromiso.atresmedia.com/ponlefreno/premios/2019/vota-ciudadano-ponle-freno-2019_201903205c923ea80cf24e4f1c6643ad.html (or visit n332.es where we have put a direct link to make it easier to remember). Then scroll down to where you see Francisco, and click the fifth, the right-hand star in the row of five BELOW the paragraph that describes him.



You may of course read more about the other finalists and what they have achieved, and you may prefer to vote for them, but you only get one vote, so we ask that you use it to vote for N332, through Francisco, and help raise our profile even further.

Having already been nominated last year, N332 has already become recognised by the four main road safety charity groups in Spain, and the European Commission for Road Safety, but as this is a public vote, it is one of the most important that can be awarded.

We would like to thank you in advance for taking the time to vote, and again, we would like to take this opportunity to extend those thanks to everyone who worked on the eBook project, the translators, and the companies who continue to support our development, all of which the volunteers at N332 would not be able to do without. So thank you.

### Five Arrested in Fake Licence Scam

Officers from the National Police have arrested four people for being part of a group who would help people obtain a driving licence by fraudulent means.

The officers also charged a fifth person as alleged perpetrators of criminal offences including the disclosure of secrets, document forgery and crimes against the State Administration.



The arrests were made in Palma de Mallorca, following an investigation into the group who would assist foreign citizens who couldn´t understand Spanish in passing their theoretical test. The group would use technical and electrical devices to achieve this.

The investigators discovered that the examinees entered the examination room with a mobile phone camera, hidden under their clothes and with the camera at an angle to view the exam, so that another person located in the exterior of the Provincial Traffic Headquarters and expert in traffic matters, answered the questions through a headset.

After analysing all the data obtained, the officers arrested an examiner in situ at the time of the test and the expert who was reporting the answers. In addition, they detained two other people, the person in charge and another who was in charge of looking for people with problems in the comprehension and reading of Spanish, for which they would charge between 1,500 and 3,000 euro for the privilege.

So far, the detainees were all of Indian origin, but the officers then arrested a 61-year-old Spaniard whose job was to help them to pass the practical examination.

With the five people already charged, the operation remains open and new arrests are not ruled out.


https://n332.es/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/carné-conducir-palma-editado.mp4

### Seat Belts Save Lives – But there is still a reluctance to use them

“...almost a quarter of vehicle occupants choose not to use a seat belt”

“...almost a quarter of the people aged 12 or over who lost their lives were not wearing a seat belt”
All this week, and through the weekend, the DGT is running an intensified surveillance campaign focussing on the use of seat belts, child restraint systems and crash helmets.



The campaign is running across much of Europe, overseen by the international traffic police network, TISPOL.

In Spain, all occupants in a vehicle must wear a seat belt, and this seat belt must be worn properly to be effective, and legal. If there isn´t a seat belt available, then a passenger cannot be carried. Children under 135cm tall must sit in the rear seats and in an approved child restraint system suitable for them. Crash helmets are mandatory on motorbikes and scooters for all riders.

The seat belt is the most effective passive safety element in vehicles and the one that has saved the most lives. According to the data of the ESRA project (Survey of Attitudes of Road Users), carried out in 38 countries, only 80% of people in Spain declared that they have used the seat belt as a driver during driving in the last year, 81% admit having used it as a passenger in the front seat of the car and just 70% as a passenger in the rear seats of the car.

The data shows that although its use is mandatory for all vehicle occupants, there remains a reluctance, with the data showing that almost a quarter of vehicle occupants choose not to use a seat belt.

Given that data, we can then compare that to road traffic incident figures, and we see that in 2017, the last complete year for which data is available, almost a quarter of the people aged 12 or over who lost their lives were not wearing a seat belt, the actual percentage being 24%, a remarkable comparison.

For its part, the World Health Organisation (WHO), also includes in its reports, the importance of the use of the seat belt and calls for countries to include the mandatory use of seat belts in legislation. Approximately 105 countries of the world population have laws that require the use of the seat belt by all occupants of a vehicle, but that is still only 67%.

If it is important that adults use seat belts, and is crucial in the case of children. Adults can make the choice; children learn by example and follow the instructions of the adult when it comes to such matters. In 2017, 5 of the 17 children under 12 years of age who were travelling in cars or vans were not wearing a seat belt, a fact for which the adults were ultimately responsible.

Spanish legislation requires that children under 135 cm in height who travel by vehicle, in addition to travelling with the child restraint system appropriate to their size and weight as required, must be seated in the rear seats of vehicles, except:

 	When the vehicle does not have rear seats
 	When all the rear seats are already occupied by other children of the same characteristics.
 	When it is not possible to install all the child restraint systems in said rear seats.

Only in these cases can children occupy the front seat of the vehicle, but always using the restraint system approved to their size and weight.

Child restraint systems must always be installed in the vehicle in accordance with the instructions provided by the manufacturer.

### Staying Safe this St Patrick´s Day

Once again, the Orihuela Costa Taxi Association has teamed up with N332 as part of the #chooseright campaign, reminding everyone that taking a taxi is the safer option if you´re out to enjoy yourselves.



This year´s campaign was launched in conjunction with the Cabo Roig St Patrick´s Day fiesta on the Orihuela Costa, with the event organisers themselves also behind the campaign, featuring the poster in the official guide, as did the Costa Blanca People who are also supporting the campaign.



Taxis across Orihuela will be displaying the N332 #ChooseRight stickers, reminding drivers to make the right choice when partying.



Alcohol or drugs have no place in driving, and are one of the biggest contributing factors to serious and fatal road traffic incidents.

Some people still think that “one for the road” is an acceptable practice, especially as if is not always easy to recognise how alcohol, drugs, or both, affects us.

Spain has a much lower permitted alcohol limit than some other countries, including the UK, but the only safe limit is zero.

That is why if you are going out, whether for St Patrick´s Day or any other celebration, it is important to #chooseright. Taking a taxi is one option. You could also designate a driver who won´t consume alcohol, a generous thing might also be for a group to pay for the driver´s soft drinks during the event.

As for St Patrick´s Day on the Orihuela Costa, if you do want to take a taxi, you can telephone them on 96 676 10 88 or 96 673 30 38. Enjoy the party, have a fantastic time celebrating this unique day, but remember, #ChooseRight.

### Update 1 to eBook - Spanish Traffic Law

As of January, 2019, the maximum permitted speed on secondary roads of Spain changed, and was reduced.

The idea was to simplify the understanding of the speed limits and, primarily, slow down vehicles on these roads where the most injury and fatal incidents occur.

You can read more about the change in the law by clicking here.

This table is a brief overview of the maximum permitted speeds on the roads of Spain.



If you have already downloaded the Spanish Traffic Law eBook, then this has changed in view of this amendment.

The principle change is ARTICLE 48 - Maximum Permitted Speeds on Roads Out of Town. In the eBook, these are pages 133 to 139.

You can click this link to go to the page where you can download the full eBook, either as a single file, or as different parts. Part 3 is the amended one.

Or, you can download the altered parts directly below, right click and choose SAVE FILE AS, or the equivalent, depending on your browser setting.


 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 03 - Updated for January 2019 amendments
Spanish Traffic Law - Part 03 - Replacement pages 133 to 139 only of January 2019 update

### Tiredness and Driving – A Deadly Combination

Tiredness, or fatigue, resulted in 177 deaths and 4,063 injuries, of which 589 were serious enough to require hospitalisation, in a total of 2,722 road traffic incidents in 2017, the last year for which complete data is currently available.



Of the total number of incidents, 2,722, the majority were on the secondary road network, the location where more serious incidents occur than any other road type. Of that total, 2,351 incidents with victims were on secondary roads, where there were 165 deaths and 3,574 people injured, of which 523 were serious.

July, August and September were the months of the year in which there more injury incidents due to fatigue than any other, whereas November, March, February and January respectively saw fewer incidents.

In terms of fatalities, the figure recorded month by month is very similar, although August and November stand out, both with 19 deaths. Similar to the number of incidents per month, February and March saw the least fatalities with 6 and 8 respectively.

Although the majority of fatigue related incidents occur during daylight hours of the working day, between Monday and Friday from 07:00 to 20:00, when there were 1,695 injury incidents which resulted in 105 deaths and 2,471 injuries the days with the highest number in a 24-hour period corresponds to weekends, and in particular Sundays, where there were 556 incidents, then Saturdays with 471 accidents, totalling 1,027, compared to 1,695 incidents between Monday to Friday.

The riskiest time of day is between 07:00 and 14:00, when 852 incidents and 70 fatalities were recorded.

Aside from the statistical data, fatigue is one of the most dangerous and common contributing factors to road traffic incidents, mostly because it is impossible to react to the situation until it is too late, resulting in very serious consequences.

Despite the risks, 55% of drivers in Spain admit to continue driving despite feeling drowsy behind the wheel, according to a study by Linea Directa which reveals 17 million drivers have suffered drowsiness behind the wheel and 8 million have experienced micro dreams.

Some of the habitual recommendations to fight drowsiness include resting well before undertaking a trip, and planning to avoid the most dangerous hours or long trips, especially at night. Make sure that you take a break every 2 hours or 200 kilometres travelled, do not tilt the seat too far back, ventilate the interior well, do not eat a large meal before driving, talk to your passengers and stay properly hydrated during driving. It is also important to try to avoid long and boring stretches, or take more frequent breaks, always respecting the rules of the road.

### N332 - MAKING YOU VISIBLE

Once again, members of the N332 team will be on hand to answer your driving law questions at the Expo Torrevieja.

The event is taking place on the 9th and 10th of March at the International Auditorium in Torrevieja, bringing together local businesses and associations under one roof.

As well as being on hand to answer your questions, N332 will also be highlighting the need to be seen on the roads, with the campaign, “MAKING YOU VISIBLE”.

Last year, one in five people who lost their lives on the high capacity roads of Spain did so outside their vehicle. In total, some 60 people were killed whilst involved in some kind of emergency which they were dealing with, whether that involved placing warning triangles on the road, or just because they hadn´t been seen.

We have also seen an increase in the number of pedestrians and cyclists involved in serious or fatal incidents, again, some of these road users were not seen in time.

As part of the MAKING YOU VISIBLE campaign, N332, along with mobility scooter specialists, mabeq.com, will be giving away high visibility vests throughout the weekend, provided thanks to the support of the sponsors of the N332 project.

However, there´s a catch! At 08:00 on both Saturday and Sunday morning we will post a question on the N332.es website, and then you have to visit us at the expo to give us the answer. We will also ask you to have your photograph taken with us, as the campaign is all about being seen.

Don´t worry, the questions won´t be too difficult, but you will have to be quick as it is as we only have 50 to give away each day.

But that´s not all, for the first 50 people who bring along this week´s N332 page from the Costa Blanca People each day, you can pick up another very special gift, as we also have 50 calendars to give away each day which feature images of the Guardia Civil, supporting the APENEE charity.

Finally, because we hope that nobody will leave empty handed from the expo, we also have the new and exclusive N332 car stickers to give away, so you too can show your support for the project by displaying the sticker on your car, bike, or anywhere you choose.

Either visit the N332 stand, which has been kindly donated to us by the organisers, or visit the mabeq.com stand and ask about their mobility scooters, and you can go home with one of the high visibility vests, and, thanks to our supporters, together “MAKING YOU VISIBLE”.

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### Volvo to Limit Car Speed

Volvo Cars has announced that the manufacturer will limit the maximum speed of all its vehicles to 180 kilometres per hour from 2020 to highlight the dangers excessive speed.



In addition to global, European and national initiatives, Volvo themselves have pledged to do whatever it can to ensure that nobody dies or is seriously injured in one of its vehicles. That pledge is not too futuristic, as the company has set 2020 as the deadline for achieving this.

However, it´s not only people inside the vehicles that the company is concerned about. They are also investigating how a combination of intelligent speed control and so-called “geofencing” technology could automatically limit speeds in areas where there are schools or hospitals for example.

“We want to start a conversation about whether vehicle manufacturers have the right and even the obligation to install technology in cars that changes the behaviour of their drivers, to address speeding, intoxication due to alcohol and drug use, or distractions,” said Volvo president and CEO Hakan Samuelsson.

The problem with speeding is that, above certain speeds, the safety technology in the vehicle and the design of intelligent infrastructure are not enough to prevent serious injuries and deaths in the event of a collision. For that reason speed limits are in force in most Western countries, although speeding is still “ubiquitous” and one of the “most common” reasons for deaths.

Volvo will present ideas to address the problem areas of intoxication and distraction at a security event in Göteborg (Sweden), which will take place on March 20.

This measure comes at a good time for Volvo. The Swedish manufacturer registered an increase in its global sales of 11.3% during the first two months of the year, reaching 93,863 units sold, compared to 84,369 units registered in the same period of the previous year, according to data published by the company.

The automotive firm explained that the sales growth was led by the “solid” performance of the Volvo SUV range, especially by the XC60, followed by the XC40 and the XC90. For its part, the new V60 and the S60 sedan, manufactured in the United States, also contributed to the increase in sales.

Technical stuff:

In the month of February, the company sold a total of 43,184 units, which translates into an increase of 5.5% compared to the 40,930 sold in the same month last year.

By region, the company's European sales grew by 12.9% in the first two months of 2019, with 49,195 units sold, compared to the same period last year, when it posted sales of 43,571 units. The double-digit growth, as the company argues, was due to the “strong” demand for the XC60 and XC40 SUVs and the new V60.

In China, the company sold 2.2% more in the first two months of the year, up to 18,473 units, compared to the same period last year, when it posted a volume of sales of 18,489 units. In the month of February, however, sales in this region fell by 0.2%.

In the United States, sales reached 12,489 units in the months of January and February, 5.4% more than in the same period of the previous year, when it accounted for 11,850 units sold.

By models, the XC60 was the most sold in February, with sales reaching 12,630 units (in February 2018 they sold 10,308 units), followed by the XC40, with total sales of 8,176 units (in February 2018, 1,580 units were sold) , and of the XC90, with 5,752 units (in February of 2018 6,607 units were sold). The V40 and V40 Cross Country models registered sales of 4,196 units (in February 2018 they sold 6,109 units) and the new V60 Estate sold 3,849 units in February.

### Towing a UK Trailer Abroad – The rules are changing

From 28 March 2019, it is mandatory for certain trailers taken out of the UK to be registered with the DVLA (Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency).



Trailers with a gross weight of over 750kg used for commercial purposes, and those with a gross weight over 3,500kg which are used towed by private vehicles, must be registered and have the registration documents with the vehicle towing them.

The change is a long awaited compliance by the UK with the requirements of the UN 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Traffic, which the UK has ratified. Although much of the UK´s traffic law already complies with the convention, the registration of trailers is one element which was outstanding. This will come into force on 28 March 2019.

In order to comply with the agreement, trailers that are used internationally in countries also covered by the convention must be registered, if they fall into the required categories. A full list of countries is available, along with more information, on the UK government website gov.uk/guidance/trailer-registration, where you will see that you do not need to register trailers used in Spain, but you must register if you drive through France, and other countries, if you travel between the UK and Spain.

In order to try to make the process easier, and because there is expected to be a large number of trailers that fall into the categories, the DVLA has launched a new website, where the information on the trailer can be submitted, before the registration certificate is sent to you through the post, and an email confirmation, which will allow you to then have the number plate made which must be displayed on the trailer.

You can register your trailer, and find out more, here: gov.uk/register-trailer-to-take-abroad

### Tougher Driving Penalties Approved

The Spanish government has approved the hardening of penalties for serious traffic offences, as spearheaded by campaigner Anna González.

Anna González, lost her husband Óscar in 2015 when he was cycling and was hit by a truck. The driver, who fled the scene, was identified by the remains of the vehicle that were left in the ditch, was arrested and prosecuted but could only be charged with a homicide for imprudence, and not for the crime of the omission of duty of relief.

Although Anna´s campaigning focussed on cyclists, the main changes to the laws affect all incidents and all vehicles.

There is a new crime of abandonment of the place of the incident, with penalties of 2 to 4 years in prison in the event of the incident being as a result of imprudence, or from 3 to 6 months in prison in the event of a lesser degree of a charge.

Prior to the change, there was a crime of omitting the duty of relief, but it was only appreciated if the victim was alive and there was no other person who could help. The paradox is that in the event of the victim having died, the omission of help was not a crime, whereas if the person was injured, only then could the lack of help be applied.

This was the case in the incident in which Óscar lost his life. Because he had died at the scene, there was no crime of the omission of the duty of help. Had Óscar been alive when the driver fled, then the driver would have faced criminal proceedings.

Another change is automatic imprudence in the event of a serious incident. If a crime against road safety is committed which causes death or injury, this conduct will automatically be considered as serious imprudence.

The penalties will be between 1 and 4 years in prison in case of death and up to 1 year in the case of injuries. Until now it was up to a judge to evaluate each case and in many occasions this type of behaviour was not considered serious imprudence. Some of the most important road safety offences are driving with drugs, or alcohol of more than 0.6 mg / l of expired air, speeding of more than 60 km / h in the city and 80 km / h on the highway and driving without a licence.

There has also been an increase in prison sentences. Until now, a maximum penalty of 4 years could be applied to serious imprudence resulting in death, regardless of the number of deaths or people involved. In these latest changed the judge has the power to aggravate the sentence by one degree, resulting in up to 6 years in prison, if there are at least two deaths or one deceased and one very seriously injured. The judge may aggravate the sentence by two degrees, therefore up to 9 years in prison, in the event of there being "many" fatalities, although the rule leaves it up to the judge in each case to determine the definition of “many”.

Some of the less serious offences have been classified as crimes. For example, if a serious infraction of the traffic law is committed, such as overtaking where forbidden, failing to stop at a stop sign or traffic light, manipulating a mobile phone whilst driving, failing to maintain a safe distance of 1.5 metres when passing a cyclist, etc, which subsequently result in injury or death, will be considered as reckless of a less serious nature. Although the penalty is not as severe as some might consider needed, the most important change to the law is that these offences can once again be considered a crime, and victims are therefore protected by criminal law, rather than relying on the protection of the administrative courts and, in most cases, the vehicle´s insurance.


The History of the Reform

Anna González created a petition on change.org in January, 2016. During the Tour of Spain in August 2016, thousands of people joined the campaign a boost on social networks made by sports commentator ' Perico' Delgado. During the months that followed, Anna contacted all the political parties.

On December 15 of that same year, Óscar's widow presented the signatures - more than 250,000 – to the Minister of Justice at the time, Rafael Catalá, who promised after the meeting to study a reform in the Penal Code so that cases like that of her husband Óscar do not go unpunished.

On March 2, 2017, Anna González delivered the signatures to Congress and in June, a proposal was discussed regarding the legal safety for cyclists on the roads. On February 12, 2018, Anna received the Medal of Merit for Road Safety with a blue badge awarded by the DGT in recognition of her involvement and commitment to road safety values.

Last August, Anna met with Justice Minister Dolores Delgado, in a meeting in which she was accompanied by Alberto Contador and representatives of the Spanish Cycling Federation, the Spanish Triathlon Federation, the Association of Professional Cyclists, lawyers Alfonso Triviño and Francisco Parrés, the Superior Council of Sports and Michel Madoz, responsible for communication.

On November 22, 2018, Congress approved the reform of the Penal Code that hardens penalties for reckless drivers driving and causing accidents with dead or injury. The vote went ahead with 273 votes in favour, 64 against and 2 abstentions.

In February 2019, the Senate voted with the opinion of the Justice Commission.

The reform has not had any amendment and so will come into force at the time it is published in the official gazette, the BOE.

### ALERTCOPS App Gets an Update

Hopefully, if you have a mobile phone, you will have already at least heard of the ALERTCOPS app, an official application launched by the Spanish government, even better you will have downloaded it and registered already. If not, then it´s about time you did, but if you have, it is due an update.



With this updated version, one of the developments allows you to share your location information with your own private list of recipients, not only the emergency services. As before, you can also send pictures and videos with the report, but this time to your private list if you choose.

Another improvement is the option to receive security alerts based on your own location, which can be updated on a frequency of your choosing, and you can have a chat conversation with the operators in your own language.

However, if you are already a registered user of the app, whether you have had to use it before or not, you will need to uninstall your current version before installing the update.

The app can be downloaded for both Apple and Android phones and, once registered with your personal details such as your NIE, then left on your mobile, hopefully never having to be used.

Since its launch, the app has been praised for helping to locate numerous vulnerable and missing people, and allowing reports of both domestic violence and bullying to be made in confidence.

If you are a victim or witness of a crime, the app puts you in touch with the emergency services immediately, where you can chat to the operators, send photos and videos and you will get an immediate response.

### Dangerous Speeder Faces Prison

During a routine check for speeding vehicles, officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department in Almería clocked a vehicle travelling at 106 kilometres per hour above the maximum permitted speed on the road.



The section of road where the checks were being carried out has a maximum permitted limit of 90 kilometres per hour, whereas this particular vehicle was recorded as travelling at an extremely dangerous 196 kilometres per hour, more than twice the maximum permitted speed on the secondary road.

In view of the severity of the offence, it is being treated as a criminal act, and so the driver will potentially face prison, a fine, possible community service, and the loss of driving privileges, although he was lucky not to have killed or seriously injured anybody on this occasion.

The speed check was set up on the N-347 road, using a static cinemometer, within the municipal area of ​​Almería, on a secondary road where the majority of serious and fatal incidents take place around the country, hence the action.

Having observed the driving travelling at the recorded rate, the officers immediately stopped the Volkswagen vehicle and impounded it on the grounds of safety, identifying the driver and promptly enacting an arrest for crimes against road safety.

The driver of the vehicle faces a prison sentence of 3 to 6 months or a fine of 6 to 12 months or work for the benefit of the community from 31 to 90 days, entailing the deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for up to 4 years.

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### Hit and Run Driver Found

Through a meticulous investigation, officers from the Guardia Civil in Huelva successfully identified the driver of a vehicle who collided with a motorcyclists, then fled the scene having extinguished the vehicle´s lights, presumably to avoid detection.

The motorcycle rider suffered injuries that required surgical intervention for severe fractures to a leg. Despite the obvious severity of the incident, the car involved fled the scene at high speed, turning off the vehicle´s lights so as not to be identified by the victim or witnesses.

The incident took place on February 4 on the N-442 road in the vicinity of a bridge over the rivers Tinto and Odiel. The car, which was heading towards Huelva, carried out a reckless overtaking manoeuvre, endangering other vehicles, and colliding with the motorbike, impacting against the rider´s leg.

Despite being able to maintain a vertical position on the motorbike, the rider suffered a fractured fibula to the left leg, an injury that required emergency treatment.

The driver of the car left the scene at high speed without stopping to assist, turning off the lighting of the vehicle entirely, apparently with the intention that the victim or third parties could not provide identifying signs through the number plate.

The Guardia Civil launched a search for the vehicle and driver to face charges of crimes against road safety, reckless driving and abandonment following an incident.



That search proved fruitful and they soon identified a vehicle which had sustained damage consistent with what witnesses had described and with damage sustained by the motorbike, and so arrested the driver for the crimes against road safety.

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### Brexit: Driving Abroad is Changing

Although much of the situation still remains unclear, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency of the British government has issued a stark warning for drivers to get ready now for any impending changes.

For example, the information states that if you are a commercial driver operating in the EU, you need to prepare for Brexit by making sure you have the right documents.

To prepare for deal and no deal scenarios, you need to:

 	register trailers for international commercial use weighing over 750kg
 	check if you need International Driving Permits and how many you may need
 	contact your vehicle insurance provider to get a motor insurance green card
 	display a GB sticker on your vehicle
 	register for Brexit updates



Trailer registration

From 28 March 2019, all commercial trailers over 750kg must be registered to travel from the UK to the EU.

Visit the trailer registration page on GOV.UK for more information https://www.gov.uk/guidance/trailer-registration

 

International Driving Permits

If the UK leaves the EU without a deal on 29 March, you might need an International Driving Permit (IDP) to drive in EU and the European Economic Area (Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein).

After Brexit, in the event of no deal, you will need a 1949 permit to drive in Spain, Iceland, Malta and Cyprus on holiday.

You can get IDPs from the Post Office.

Read the International Driving Permit guidance for more information about whether you require a permit and which types of permit you need.

https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad/international-driving-permit

 

Motor insurance green cards

Green cards are an international certificate of motor insurance. If the UK leaves the EU without a deal, commercial drivers may need a green card as proof of third party motor insurance

You should contact your insurer for more information and to get a card.

Read more about vehicle insurance after Brexit

https://www.gov.uk/guidance/prepare-to-drive-in-the-eu-after-brexit#vehicle-insurance-for-uk-registered-vehicles-in-the-eu

 

GB stickers

From 29 March, if the UK leaves the EU with no deal, you may need to display a GB sticker even if your vehicle has a Euro-plate (a plate with a European flag and a GB label).

Read more about GB stickers

https://www.gov.uk/guidance/prepare-to-drive-in-the-eu-after-brexit#number-plates-and-national-identifiers

 

ECMT permits

The Government remains confident that hauliers won’t need ECMT permits to drive in the EU after Brexit, but are still progressing contingency plans to prepare for all scenarios.

As part of these contingency plans, we have secured more ECMT permits. We’ll let you know how we’re allocating these shortly.

Read our ECMT permit guidance

https://www.gov.uk/guidance/ecmt-international-road-haulage-permits

 

Want to know more?

The UK Government's Brexit website has information and updates on everything you should do to prepare for Brexit.

https://euexit.campaign.gov.uk/

 

You can also register for alerts and further information about Brexit.

https://www.gov.uk/guidance/prepare-to-drive-in-the-eu-after-brexit#stay-informed

 

### New areas Welcome N332 Talks

This week, members of the N332 team visit another new area, the picturesque town of Cocentaina.



As this was a new area, the presentation covered the basics first, including what must be carried in the car, both documents and equipment, before moving on to the latest changes in the law implemented in the last year, some of which are significant.

Finally, we touched on everyone´s favourite subject, ow to drive on a roundabout.

We currently have around six different levels of these presentations prepared and have a schedule of talks already booked through the spring to larger groups. We are also in conversation with our partners ant the Quiron Hospital in Torrevieja, who are prepared to allow us to use their conference facilities (if available) so that we can bring smaller groups together.

In the next few weeks we are visiting the Neighbourhood Watch in San Luis, the Scandinavian Church in Torrevieja, the Ladies Club in La Marina, and are in talks with other groups to confirm their dates.

If you have a group of people, usually at least 50 is required, and you would like us to visit you, then please get in touch by emailing news@n332.es, or you can telephone us on 694 46 58 21, leaving a message or send a WhatsApp if we´re busy, and we will see what we can do.

As well as that, if you are a smaller group, please let us know by email, news@n332.es, explaining who you are, your members and the size of your group, and we will see if we can put you into the schedule at the Quiron hospital.

By the way, the talks and presentations are all FREE, that is thanks to our collaborators. As we are all volunteers who work on the project, Casas Espania provide a car, Securitas Direct provide us with fuel, and Blacktower Financial Management provide us with the equipment for this season. They also often come along to the talks and can be on hand if you need any advice on home or financial security, which some people consider extremely valuable at this particular time. With their collaboration, it makes the talks more interesting and allows for a little bit of time at the end of the presentation to get to know all of us, without any kind of commitment. We sometimes bring other specialists along if there are other burning questions that might need answering. This could be anyone from mechanics, ITV inspectors, health insurance providers, in fact, if there is anybody you would like us to bring, then let us know and we will do our best.

Our next talk is on Monday, if you are going to that, we look forward to meeting with you, otherwise, if you are interested in us visiting you, then please let us know as soon as possible, we can confirm dates nearer the time if needed, so that we can get you booked into our spring schedule.

By the way, we will also by at the Torrevieja International Expo on 9 and 10 March, but we will give you more details about that nearer the time too.

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### New Website for Car Hire in Spain

Al Andalus Car Hire are celebrating the launch of their new interactive website, that aims to give you the most cost-effective car hire in Spain through the simplest of processes.

Now, booking, or re-booking your car hire, can be done in just four easy steps.



You choose your pick-up location and date, then your drop-off location and date, click the button and can then pick your size or style of vehicle. Chose any optional extras, fill in your contact details and make the payment, having everything done securely from the comfort of your own home.

Once registered, it´s then even easier to come back and book again, as the system will remember you, ad can even make recommendations based on your previous bookings.

Having grown their family-run business through recommendation and word of mouth, this is a huge leap forward for the firm, and sets them on another level when it comes to streamlining the user experience, to take up as little of your precious holiday time as possible.

If you want to know more, visit their website, alandaluscarhire.com, and make sure you give them a try for a very competitive, no hidden extras, quote.

### Campaign Focussing on Trucks, Buses and Vans

All this week and through the weekend, Spain has joined most countries in the European Union focussing on some of the bigger vehicles that move through the continent´s road network, namely trucks, buses and vans.



Distraction is one of the main causes of incidents involving this type of vehicle, and with 13% of all incidents involving a van, 11% involving a truck, the importance of campaigns like this is clear.

All of this week, there will be increased surveillance carried out on all kinds of roads and at any time of the day, especially on those roads where the intensity of this type of vehicles is greater

The Guardia Civil will be out in force carrying out the checks, supported by colleagues from the police in Spain, as part of the European campaign coordinated by the European Traffic Police Network, TISPOL.



Amongst the checks, speed will be monitored, as well as driving hours and rest, tachographs where fitted, vehicle weight and load, defects, and the driver´s and vehicle´s documentation, including insurance and ITV.

In addition, the drivers will be checked for the consumption of alcohol or drugs, and that all occupants in the vehicles are wearing a seat belt.

According to the most recent data published by the European Road Safety Observatory (ERSO), in 2016, approximately 4,000 people died in a traffic incident involving a cargo vehicle of more than 3.5 tonnes and there were 600 incidents in which a bus was involved.

The average mortality rate in the EU in incidents related to heavy vehicles is 8.1 per million inhabitants and 1.2 per million inhabitants for bus or coach incidents, which in the case of Spain is 6.1 and 1.4 respectively.

In 2017, vans were involved in 11,150 injury incidents in which 243 people died. Regarding trucks of more than 3,500 kg and buses, they were involved in 6,351 incidents with victims, in which 364 people died.

Since January, 2019, the maximum permitted speed on conventional roads is 90 kilometres per hour, where no other restriction is enforce, although there are further restrictions for these types of vehicles.

Trucks, articulated tractor trucks, vans, motor homes with a maximum authorised mass exceeding 3,500 kg, articulated vehicles, cars with trailers and other vehicles are limited to a maximum of 90 kilometres per hour on the motorway, and 80 kilometres per hour on conventional roads.



Buses, vehicles derived from cars and adaptable mixed vehicles are restricted to a maximum permitted speed of 100 kilometres per hour on motorways and 90 kilometres per hour on conventional roads, although other restrictions also apply, such as if they are carrying standing passengers or operating as school buses.

For cars, this limit is 120 kilometres per hour on motorways and 90 kilometres per hour on conventional roads.

 

### Proper Seat Belt Use is Vital

Seat belts save lives, it is a simple message, but their design is slightly flawed in that if we choose not to wear them correctly, they can be as useless as not wearing one at all.



The wearing of seat belts can reduce the risk of injury during a car crash. When used properly, they provide drivers and passengers with increased protection. However, when used improperly, their ability to provide this safety is compromised. Proper seat belt adjustments are necessary to allow the restraints to work effectively.

Wear a diagonal belt across the upper chest.

Drivers often complain that this strap is uncomfortable, and they sometimes slip this behind their backs or under the arm. However, when you do this, the belt's ability to protect you from injury is decreased. Seat belts are designed to distribute force upon two areas of the body. Without this diagonal strap in place, this is impossible.

When you put your seat belt on you should make sure that it fits snugly to the body at the front, diagonally across the chest, and the waist, gently pulling the straps to make the necessary adjustments.

Although padded seat belt covers can make the wearing of the belt feel more comfortable, they can also reduce the effectiveness, which is also the case for padded clothing such as coats, and so these should be avoided. The seat belt needs to make as close a contact with your body at the key protection areas as possible.

In a vehicle, every occupant must wear a seat belt. If a car only has two seat belts fitted at the back seats, then it can only carry two people. Rear seats where three seat belts are fitted are the only acceptable way in which three passengers can be carried.

Children under 135cm in height are not allowed in the front seats, and even when in the back must wear an approved restraint suitable to them.

### Drunk in Charge of a Scooter?

An 18-year-old man was charged with drunk driving recently, but he wasn´t driving a car, he was simply riding along on an electric scooter, so how could he be fined?



The simple answer to the question is this. There are only two basic types of road users, pedestrians, and vehicle users. A pedestrian is quite simple to imagine or understand, it is a person walking. But a vehicle user is also simple to understand too.

A vehicle, in its most simple form, is anything that it s propelled on wheels. With that statement we will not get into an argument about tracked vehicles, we are just being simplistic for the purpose of explaining a concept. We could easily say that a vehicle is anything that is not solely propelled by the manual movement of human extensions making contact with the road surface, or feet on the ground, but let us just keep it simple.

So, with that idea in mind we can understand why the boy was charged and fined for drunk driving, because the scooter was a vehicle. Whether it is a scooter, moped, or a bicycle, trike, quad, car, truck, bus, tank (there you go, we will include a tracked vehicle), to name but a few, if you are using them on the road, assuming they are permitted, then they are classified as being a vehicle.

You are therefore subject to all the same laws as a vehicle user, including alcohol and drugs, stopping at stop signs, only riding in the correct direction on a one-way street, whatever it might be, if a rule is in place for which a vehicle must comply, then scooter users, cyclists, whoever and whatever vehicle they are moving in, must also abide by the rules of the road.

On the occasion of the scooter rider being stopped and fined, he was seen to be swerving along the road, and so was presenting a danger to himself as much as others, which is what these laws are set to protect, all road users.

A the moment, mandatory insurance is not required, nor is a driving licence for many of these smaller vehicles, although we are still expecting stricter usage guidelines and legislation to be implemented in the first half of this year which will see stricter use for these personal mobility vehicles, but until them, they are still classified as vehicles when used on the public road.

### When is it Not 90?

There has been a little confusion over some of the speed limit reductions implemented recently, and so we thought we would explain what is causing the doubt and therefore clear up the mystery.

The maximum permitted speed limit on secondary roads is now 90 kilometres per hour. If signs were in place that permitted a faster speed prior to the change at the end of January, then these changes are now complete. In fact, in the Alicante province, there were no signs that needed changing. Across the Valencia region, the total that did need changing was just 37.



The reason why there were no signs to change is that this new limit is on roads on which there were most likely no signs in place already. We explain that these roads are the equivalent to those in the UK that we know of where, “National Speed Limit Applies” signs would be displayed. If there are no restrictions in place, then it is up to us as the driver to know these limits, which were, prior to this change, based largely on the width and existence of a hard shoulder. Now, it is a uniform maximum.

But, it is also true that this restriction has not been placed on all secondary roads. On the N-332 as it passes through Benidorm there are still sections which are signposted with a maximum permitted speed of 100 kilometres per hour. These signs are still valid, despite the fact that this road is classed as a secondary road.

The reason is simple, thought not widely published. During the implementation of the change there is also a clause which allows the road operator to maintain a maximum permitted speed of up to 100 kilometres per hour on roads where there is a physical separation between the different flows of traffic, a dual carriageway in other words. On that particular section of the N-332, that is the case. The road was only recently renovated and follows all of the latest designs and requirements for a faster flowing road, including that central separation.

In the case of the N-332, a nationally operated road, hence the “N” prefix, then the national road operator was free to decide if this section should be maintained as a maximum of 100, or reduced to 90 kilometres per hour.

So, there are in fact still some secondary roads where the maximum permitted speed limit is 100 kilometres per hour, and these will be signposted, as it the case near Benidorm. So, we must look out for and heed those signs, as they are what dictate the maximum permitted speed of the road, subject to external influences such as the weather or traffic for example, and it is only on roads where no signs or restrictions exist that we now know are limited to a maximum of 90, remembering at all times that any speed limit is a maximum, not a target, and it does not mean that it is safe or appropriate to travel at that speed, as many other factors have to be taken into consideration.

 

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 16

Welcome to the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch.

You can read this edition here for free, at the end of the introduction, or if you would like to purchase and download  a PDF version, you can click the button here...



Buy PDF


We took a short break from publishing RoadWatch, which, as regular readers know, is not uncommon. We aim to publish 10 editions per year to allow us time to also publish two eBooks. In 2018 however, we published our largest eBook ever, at least the largest for us, with over 500 pages.

It was the full translation of one of the four main books used by drivers in Spain, the book closest to the Highway Code in the UK, the difference being this eBook is a direct translation of the law, and where the Highway Code is a book of recommendations that will be taken into consideration in the event of an incident, this eBook is the law itself, and so you can clearly see what you should and shouldn´t do, and the consequences faced by those who break the law.

The eBook also has explanations given by serving Guardia Civil traffic officers, and was edited by me, Mark Nolan, who also puts this publication together. The best part about it for many, is it is totally free to download.

You can download it by clicking here, if you haven´t already, but that is not all because we are also developing that into a dedicated website and mobile app, details which will follow soon.

One of the reasons we decided to publish in digital form is that laws change and, with a book that size, it would likely cost around 50 euro maybe, and when a law changes you would have to pay again. This way, any changes are updated online, and you can simply download a new version. Which is apt, as there are already changes since issue 1 was published. Some of those changes are explained in this eMagazine, as well as more we have to look forward to.

For now, as always, enjoy this edition and stay safe.


Buy PDF

### What Documents are Needed for the ITV

In order for an inspection centre to carry out the mandatory Technical Inspection of Vehicles (ITV), the equivalent to the MOT, you must present certain documents at the ITV test centre.



These documents are in order to confirm the ownership of the vehicle, it´s registration, and the details on any previous inspections carried out.

Over time, some of these documents are being replaced by digital versions, and so if your new vehicle doesn´t have the ITV card for example, check with the dealer because it may well be in digital form. In all other cases, it is mandatory and provides a wealth of information.

In order to have the inspection carried out on your vehicle, you must present the following at the ITV test centre:

 	The original vehicle technical inspection card, the Tarjeta Inspección Técnica de Vehículos.
 	The original log book, called the Permiso de Circulación.
 	Accreditation of the obligatory insurance of the vehicle (the last receipt to the current of payment will suffice).



It is also important to note that the ITV must be valid when you drive on the public roads. In other words, unlike the UK, you cannot book an appointment with a vehicle that does not have the ITV and drive it to the centre. The ITV must be valid in order for you to drive there. If you don´t have a current ITV, then the vehicle must be taken to the test centre on a grua, tow truck, and not driven there.

Recent change in the law also means that you are able to take your vehicle for the inspection up to a month before it is due, without it affecting the expiration date. So, in other words, if your ITV is due on the 20th of the month and you take it on the 5th, assuming you pass, your next ITV will still be extended until the 20th of the corresponding month when the next inspection is due.

### New Speed Limits Now in Force in Spain

As of Tuesday 29 January, 2019, new maximum permitted speed limits come into force on certain roads in Spain.

This is the first of a wave of reforms intended on reducing the number of injury and fatal incidents on the roads, and is effective on some 7,000 kilometres of the secondary road network.

This reform reduces the maximum permitted speed on some of the main carriageways of the road network, and fixes a maximum permitted speed of 90 kilometres per hour, on roads where no other restrictions are in force.



This is in effect the same concept as the commonly referred to “National Speed Limit” which is in place on British roads, where a maximum is automatically set on roads outside of towns.

From Tuesday 29 January, 2019, the maximum permitted speed on the secondary road network is 90 kilometres per hour, for cars, motorbikes, small motor homes and pick-ups., as well as buses (except under certain circumstances), derivatives of cars, and mixed adapted vehicles.

In Spain, speed limits are dictated by three elements, the road, the vehicle and the driver (in some cases). Therefore, some vehicles are still restricted further, such as trucks, vans, large motor homes, articulated vehicles, vehicles towing a trailer, and others not listed, which are restricted to a maximum permitted speed of 80 kilometres per hour on these roads.

Bicycles and mopeds are restricted to a maximum permitted speed of 45 kilometres per hour.

Remember, we are talking only about the secondary road network, where no other restriction is in place, so if there is a sign saying that the maximum permitted speed is 80, or 50, for example, then that is the case.

Similar vehicular restrictions are also in place on motorways, as we can see from the table. It is important to know what classification your vehicle is, if it´s not so easy to identify such as is the case of cars or motorbikes, and you can find that information on your documentation.



Some drivers are also restricted such as may be the case those suffering certain medical conditions, for which the doctor has determined a restriction is necessary.

Prior to this change in the speed limit there was some confusion as some roads had different limits depending on their physical characteristics. This change aims to simplify the concept as there is now a uniform maximum permitted speed outside of towns, again, in places where no other restriction exists.

Reducing the speed limits on these roads has not been without controversy, with a number of people voicing their complaints about the reduction, this being the first of many reforms we will see this year.

However, if we look at the reason in a different way, we might see why it is necessary. For example, imagine that every single day around 35 passenger jet airlines fell from the sky, killing everyone on board. Every single day, 35 planes, carrying an average of 100 passengers, crashed. Imagine if that were the case. Not only would so many people simply refuse to fly, there would be outrage that governments are not doing anything to stop it.

The reality is, although we can be thankful that 35 planes per day are not crashing, that is the equivalent of the number of people being killed on the roads around the globe.

Before the end of January this year, more than 100,000 people have been killed on the roads around the world. That is the equivalent of 35 passenger jets crashing every single day, and yet, when action is taken to try to reduce this figure, some people see the need to complain.

Passenger jets are in the hands of extremely skilled and highly trained individuals, but road vehicles are not, they are in the hands of people who may (though not always) have had an amount of basic training in order to satisfy a minimum criteria.

This is the reality of road safety, the fact that too many people are losing their lives or being injured, every single day, and so long as we, the drivers, collectively fail to make the roads safer, then we can and should expect more legislation which is ultimately aimed at keeping us all safer on the roads.

### Torrevieja in Electric Vehicle Drive

Torrevieja is continuing its plans to become a more eco-friendly town, thanks partly due to a green mayor at the helm, this time with the announcement of the acquisition of a fleet of electric vehicles.



The Los Verdes Mayor of Torrevieja, José Manuel Dolón, explained this week how the town council has signed an agreement to renew the municipal fleet with the acquisition of 23 electric-powered vehicles, in what is, according to the mayor, a clear commitment to sustainable and efficient mobility.

Dolón explained that in the specifications for the replacement of the municipal fleet, it was stated that replacements would be diesel powered. With the increase in tax on diesel, mostly driven by a drive to convert the country to less polluting models, it was the mayor himself who set about modifying the tender contracts to ensure that the replacement vehicles were all driven by electric motors. This modification wasn´t cheap in the initial investment stage, with the budget having to be increased by a staggering 30% to an estimated 436 thousand euro, more than the 329 thousand already planned for, but the long-term savings would see a reduction in fuel and, perhaps more importantly, less of a burden on the planet.

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In order to compensate the price increase to the public purse, the mayor himself has taken the first cut, shaving 10 thousand of the budget for the mayoral car, from just under 30 thousand to just under 20 for an electric model, primarily as the mayor sees this vehicle as a toold for mobility, rather than being “something ostentatious”.

Aside from the mayor´s car, on the shopping list is two cars and a utility vehicle, a tow truck, electric bikes and a variety of vans for different functions as required by sections such as beaches, sports, social security and tourism.

Dolón explained that Torrevieja must continue to ensure the “commitment we have to move towards sustainable mobility that is respectful of the environment and helps reduce the impact caused by vehicles in terms of pollution”.

The mayor went on to explain that studies are now being carried out to find suitable locations where charging points can be installed throughout the municipality, as these vehicles will still require a fuel of some kind, even if it is only the seemingly simple task of plugging them in for a short time.

Torrevieja will continue with the eco-drive with, over time, the public transport fleet being replaced by hybrid vehicles, although at the moment that would see the cost of each vehicle rocket by 70 to 80 percent.

Waste disposal trucks will be converted to electric vehicles once they become available on the market, and the contract for the local police already includes replacements for some of their vehicles to electric driven motors.

Dolón concluded that, “we cannot look the other way on this issue, the great European capitals are already promoting this type of mobility, and we believe that we also have to bet on it. It is important to encourage and we believe that the City must set an example in this regard.”

### N-332 Widening Scheme Reaches New Stage

The Mayor of Torrevieja, José Manuel Dolón, held a press conference on Thursday in which he explained that the project to widen the N-332 main road as it passes Torrevieja is continuing on course, as planned, and at a “good pace”.



Dolón, who stated that, “I am permanently in contact with the Ministry of Development through a person of the maximum confidence of Minister Ábalos", explained how, “the deadlines are being met as planned, and the drafting of the project is in process and at a good pace”.

He added that “the term of the four phases of the layout is 12 months, so It must be delivered before June 23, 2019. Therefore, it is expected that during said month and coinciding with the execution of the fourth phase of the initial layout the relative to the construction project, whose delivery time is 6 months”.

With the data revealed, the Mayor explained that, “the execution of the work must be, therefore, included in the Budget of the year 2020”, and, “what did not make sense is what had been done so far, budgeting a million to look good and comply with the file and then do nothing. Now we have the certainty that the project has been awarded and once the project of the layout is completed, the construction project will start, from there we will know how much it will cost and will be budgeted with objective and real data and not with a simple amount that was guessed”.

Dolón explained that “the first two phases of the project comprise 40% of it and with the completion of the third phase we will reach 60%.”

Likewise, the commitment has been reached by the Ministry that, “soon and at the beginning of March they will send us a communication where they will collect documentarily at what moment is the unfolding of the Torrevieja variant”.

José Manuel Dolón has expressed that, “I am happy that finally, and thanks to the intervention of this City Council, it was possible for the Generalitat Valenciana to clarify the situation and unlock the project”.

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### Portable Warning Lights May Become Compulsory

In the event of an incident or breakdown on the roads, we hopefully know the procedure to follow, donning our high visibility vest and placing one or two warning triangles protecting the vehicle, and then summoning help, but it is becoming increasingly apparent that this procedure is not enough.

Whether it´s because the rules are not being followed correctly, or if they are not being followed at all, the number of fatalities and serious injuries in the early part of an incident is of deep concern.

In 2018, two out of every ten people who lost their lives on the high capacity roads of Spain did so outside their vehicle. In total, some 60 people were killed whilst involved in some kind of emergency which they were dealing with, whether that involved placing the triangles or just because they hadn´t been seen, it is a figure that must be reduced.

So, the Ministry of the Interior wants to find out why the signalling of incidents and breakdowns is a problem, especially on motorways where 303 people died in 2018, 23 more than in the previous year. As we have seen already, 20% of these fatalities were “pedestrians”, who are not normally permitted on these roads, except to deal with an emergency, and is the only “negative” data provided by the Minister responsible for the department, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, along with the Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, when taking stock of the road incident rate of 2018.

The conclusion that these departments have come up with is that the 60 people who were killed had left their vehicles, equipped with the mandatory high visibility vest, and were in the process of placing the warning triangles, or were already fixing the damage or waiting for roadside assistance.

One of the plausible measures being considered to reduce these surprised deaths is to make the stricken vehicle even more visible, by means of a flashing orange light placed outside the vehicle, on a stable and flat surface, magnetised and with its own power, which would serve as a beacon which would be highly visible on vehicles where are at the roadside.



Such devices are voluntary at the moment, to be used in addition to the hazard warning lights on the vehicle and the mandatory warning triangles and high visibility vests, but the proposal would see them as mandatory for all vehicles to carry and use in the event of an emergency.



Of course, anything which has the potential to reduce road fatalities should be welcomed, but this is not without flaws in itself, as we have seen numerous police and Guardia Civil vehicles completely destroyed when they had stopped on the hard shoulder to assist other road users, these vehicles festooned with flashing lights and reflectors, and yet still a target for the distracted.

Although we know from historic data that the majority of serious incidents occur on the secondary road network, which is being targeted through such improvements as a reduction in the maximum permitted speed in some places, motorways are traditionally safer roads, partly due to their almost sterile environments, and their long stretches of straight sections and smooth curves. That said, complacency may be creeping in, as some 26% of the fatalities that occurred in 2018 were on these high capacity roads. It is worrisome that this figure continues to grow, with a 3% increase over 2017 last year, and 5% more than in 2011.

The orange beacon use would be consistent with the Ministerial Order PCI / 810/2018, published in the BOE on July 31, which ordered the homogenization of the blue colour as a warning indicator for all emergency vehicles and gave a period of two years for that change, and also introduced permission for different types of emergency warning lights being voluntary, from the traditional beacon style, to revolving LED equivalents.

### Pedestrian Knocked down in Torrevieja

A man, said to be 73-years-old, was knocked down and killed in Torrevieja on Wednesday evening.



The incident occurred at around 19:45 on Wednesday evening.

An emergency medical crew attended the incident but could do nothing to save the life of the pedestrian.

An incident is underway to ascertain the details.

 

### More Road Safety Challenges for 2019

As data for 2018 is starting to emerge, it allows us to take stock of the threats and challenges that faced road safety, analyse the injury and fatality statistics, examine the strategies that have worked, and look in more detail at those which have failed, and, although we have seen an increase again in road fatalities and injuries, the situation looks to be stable once again, but in the field where lives are at risk, stability is not good enough, and so we must look at the challenges that 2019 will bring, and the subsequent changes.

We perhaps mustn´t be too damning of the figures, but equally must not be complacent. The data on the number of deaths actually promised to indicate a reduction for the first time in three years.

As we have already mentioned, as we came into 2019, one thing already became apparent, that one of the key factors for reducing road fatalities was to slow vehicles down, and so that is precisely what the law will start to enforce, but it doesn´t end there.

We have detailed the speed reduction, a move by the way which has not gained the support the government had hoped, but a move that is being implemented none the less, but as that one aspect dominates the headlines through discussion and disagreement, there are also other changes which are set to take place, which have not yet demanded the same sort of detailed coverage.

The next, and mostly welcomed change this time, will be an increase in the number of penalty points lost for using a mobile phone whilst driving. In addition to a fine, the driver is now set to lose six penalty points. That means that the majority of drivers risk losing their licence altogether if caught twice, or caught carrying out any other infraction considered serious enough.



Not wearing a seat belt will also face stricter penalties, as will the incorrect carriage of children. Children less than 1.35 metres in height are not allowed in the front seats remember, with a couple of exceptions, and must be in an appropriate seat or restraint system. Failure to do this, as well as the failure to wear a crash helmet on a motorcycle for example, will result in the loss of four points. Many people think that the penalty doesn´t go far enough, especially when it comes to looking after children who are vulnerable themselves and trust the adults to afford them the necessary protection. None the less, that is the current plan.

These reforms have already been published in the Official Gazette and will come into force as of January 29, along with stricter penalties for trafficking, for example.

### Valencia Region in Third Place for Road Deaths

The New Year extended weekend has not passed without tragedy, and the roads have sadly played their part in changing some people’s lives, and not for the better.



On Sunday, one person, a 71-year-old woman, was killed and another five were injured, three left trapped in their vehicles following a head one collision on the N-332 coastal road near to Santa Pola. An investigation is being carried out to ascertain the details of the tragedy which required the assistance of an emergency helicopter.

In Valencia on New Year’s eve a 46-year-old man was knocked down and killed in Valencia whilst crossing the road. The Local Police are investigating reports that the victim was talking on his mobile phone at the time of the incident which left him with fatal injuries.

In fact, these two tragedies bring the year to an end which has been the worst in terms of road fatalities in seven years in the Valencia Region.

In total, 132 people have lost their lives on the region’s roads in 2018, a figure not seen since 2011. Even worse, the region has displayed a serious balance considering that nationally the numbers have shown a slight decrease, albeit by just 2%. However, we must also add another 31 fatalities to the total, as they lost their lives on roads not managed by the DGT, so local and town roads in the region.

In 2017, 113 people died on the main road network across the region, and so the 2018 figure represents an increase of 16%, leaving Valencia in third place in terms of road deaths per region, Catalonia being at the top and Andalucía in second place.

Moreover, the fatality rates of motorcyclists has increased by 27%, with cyclists showing a similar increase.

### Check your Screen Wash Levels

Whatever the time of year, one part of the car receives a considerable amount of abuse, and yet it  is one part that must remain clear and clean in order for it to perform its function safely, that is the windscreen.

During the height of summer we find flies and bugs splattered as we drive along, park near a tree and the birds seem to use us for target practice, in the winter we have grit and debris flying from the road, and even on the inside, particles from the very fact we need to breathe can also cause problems, particularly when there is then a difference between the interior and exterior air temperature.



However, all of that aside, we want to remind you of the importance of keeping your screen wash topped up.

It ought to be one of your (at least) monthly rituals, when you check your lights, oil and tyres as well as other parts, making sure that your vehicle is maintained in a safe and roadworthy manner.

Although the engine compartment is not an area many of us are familiar with, nor do many of us want to be, there are certain areas that are a must for every driver. Luckily, most vehicle manufacturers make the bits we need both easily accessible and easy to identify, so that we don’t have to “fiddle” with anything unnecessary.



Check with your vehicle owners manual for the location of your screen wash tank, although it is often identified by a standard symbol, and then keep a check on the levels, topping them up as needed, but at least once a month, so as you are never caught out.

Once you know that the levels are okay, and with approved liquids only in there (hint: washing up liquid doesn’t work as well as you might think), you then need to use it. Find out the different setting on your vehicle so that you know how to use the screen wash feature. Some vehicles also have them on the rear, so check that out too. Then use the wash to keep your windscreen clear of any obstructions.

It is also worth remembering that if you use your screen wash when the vehicle is moving then the trajectory of the spray may differ to that of a standing vehicle. It is also worth keeping two other points in mind if the vehicle is moving too, such as if you spray too much, it may obscure your vision, which could be dangerous. Also, the spray may go too high and even over your vehicle, spraying whatever is behind you. Okay, that might mean the car behind gets a free windscreen wash, but for a two-wheeled vehicle that could result in dangerous conditions.

That said, the screen wash is there for a purpose, because our windscreen must be kept clean at all times, so use it. By the way, remember to keep all windows clean and clear, as well as lights, mirrors and the number plates, as these all form essential functions on the vehicle, and some of which are mandatory requirements to do so.

### Speed Reduction Approved and will Come Into Force Soon

On 28 December, 2018, the Spanish government has approved the amendment of Article 48 of the General Circulation Regulation referring to speed limits on conventional roads with the main aim of reducing casualties through road traffic incidents and meeting the objective established in the Road Safety Strategy 2011-2020 to lower the rate of deaths in traffic incidents, which in 2017 stood at 39 per million inhabitants, with the intended reduction being at least as low as 37.



The primary change is the reduction of the maximum permitted speed on conventional roads, setting the standard maximum at 90 kilometres per hour.

These conventional roads are the location for the majority of injury incidents, with 7 out of every 10 incidents occurring on these roads, and in a year in which more than 1,000 people have lost their lives. Inappropriate speed is the concurrent cause in 20% of traffic incidents

This modification standardises the speed limit on these roads where there had been different limits depending on the road characteristics, a factor which was set in the 80s.

The reduction also brings Spain in line with many other European countries, the majority being limited to 90 kilometres per hour, although many others have already established lower limits.

The modification also establishes limits for different types of vehicles. Most countries of the European Union with lower death rates per million inhabitants in traffic incidents already have a speed limit differential between light and heavy vehicles, on conventional roads, ranging between 0 and 10 kilometres per hour.

According to different studies, vehicles that travel at different speeds from the average of the road, such as trucks in relation to cars and motorcycles, are more likely to cause an incident, with a probability 6 times higher than if these vehicles drove the average of the rest of vehicles.

Through the change, the maximum permitted speed for trucks and vans on conventional roads will be 80 kilometres per hour. This limit that is common in most of the countries of the European Union.

In the case of buses, the generic maximum permitted speed will be 90 kilometres per hour. This is due to the relatively low incident rate, which is 40% lower in Spain than the average European Union ratio. However, there will be an exception in Article 48 which establishes a new exception for buses that do not have seat belts, which will be limited to a maximum permitted speed of 80 kilometres per hour.

The text of Article 48 has also been altered to make it easier to understand, with a new table explaining the limits produced.



The change will come into force one month after the publication of the Official State Gazette, in order to allow the road signs, where applicable, to be changed.

### 2019 The Year to Slow Down to Save Lives

As we head full speed towards the end of 2018, one thing has become apparent, that one of the key factors for reducing road fatalities was to slow vehicles down, and so, as we head into 2019, that is precisely what the law will start to enforce.



The speed on secondary roads was one matter that the Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, vowed to control. These roads are the location of the majority of fatal and injury incidents. Reducing the maximum permitted speed should contribute to fewer incidents, although the responsibility still remains with the driver to comply.

A second area where focus is to head is towards the protection of more vulnerable road users, from pedestrians and cyclists upwards, to personal mobility vehicles, “toys” and motorbikes.

Towards the end of December, the Interior Minister, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, announced that the DGT were working on the reform of driving laws which would also reduce the maximum permitted speed in towns, to which a limit already applied in some towns and cities would become a national standard, specifically reducing the inner city maximum permitted speed from 50 kilometres per hour to 30.

Grande-Marlaska explained the broad social agreement that exists around this reduction in speed, and recalled that "cities such as Madrid, Bilbao, Zaragoza, Malaga or Valencia, as well as associations and user groups, have addressed the Ministry of the Interior to request this regulatory reform, which shows that there is a broad consensus on the need to protect the most vulnerable users of our streets."

The announcement was made during the conference "From Zero Vision to Zero Goal? Global leadership in improving road safety", organized by the Mapfre Foundation with the collaboration of the Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility Commission of the Congress of Deputies, and inaugurated by Grande-Marlaska.

The minister took advantage of the fact that the conference was dedicated to the "zero accident objective" and the road safety challenges to advance the measures in which the DGT works with the aim of reducing accidents and victims.

Among these reforms, the minister also stressed that in the near future the limit will be reduced on 7,000 kilometres of these conventional roads, where currently the limit was 100 kilometres per hour, i.e. roads without other restrictions where a hard shoulder of 1.5 metres or more exists.

The minister explained that this decrease in speed is in line with the European standard, stating how 14 European countries share a generic limit of 90 kilometres per hour, whereas another 8 restrict it further to 80, and one, Sweden, has a maximum permitted speed on these roads of 70 kilometres per hour. In fact, within the continental spectrum, Spain is one of the few with a limit of 100 kilometres per hour, a situation that "will be corrected".

Explaining the reasoning behind the objective, the minister pointed out that it is not the purpose of the Government to "impose a certain model of mobility," but recalled rather that it is "widely documented that the risk of dying in an incident on these types of roads is reduced by between five and eight times when the speed of impact with the pedestrian goes from 50 to 30 kilometres per hour".

In this same line, Grande-Marlaska announced that in the first half of 2019 plans will be ready to reduce road traffic incidents involving cyclists and motorcyclists, who already represent, along with pedestrians, 46% of all deaths.

"The recent evolution of the number of victims on the roads, in Spain and in many other countries, has not been the one we would have liked, we have to act, and we have to be able to learn from each other," Grande-Marlaska insisted, describing the model of road safety inaugurated more than 20 years ago by the Swedish Parliament when it approved the Vision Zero program, named for its purpose to end victims of traffic accidents.

Regular obligatory face-to-face training to obtain the licence, the bonus of two points on the permit for taking safe driving courses or persistent driving to a required standard are the most effective safety systems and are amongst other measures that the minister listed as part of the current work of the DGT.

### The Special Christmas Operation is Now Underway

In preparation for the arrival of Santa, followed not too long after by the Three Kings, the DGT has launched this year’s special operation on the roads.



The campaign was launched at 15:00 on Friday, and will run through until 7 January, with key times during the period, aimed at keeping the roads safer for the estimated 18.3 million trips, and will see greater surveillance of the fatal contributing factors to road traffic deaths and serious injuries, alcohol and drugs, distraction, not wearing a seat belt or helmet, and inappropriate speed,

During the 18 day period, there will be three main phases, the first is on now until midnight on Tuesday, the Christmas Campaign.

During this first phase, there is expected to be some 5.3 million journeys, whereas phase 2, which runs from Friday 28 December until 1 January, there will be 4.8 million trips.

The last phase, that of the Three Kings, will run from January 4 to 7, a festive day in most of the autonomous communities.

The main bulk of traffic will initially be those leaving the inland areas and heading towards second homes on the coast or mountainous areas, as well as shopping and leisure centres.

Speed checks will be carried out throughout the entire period, as will alcohol and drugs checks, both of which may occur at any time, day or night, and at any location.

As well as the Guardia Civil traffic department, colleagues from local, regional and national police will also be helping out, as will more than 13,000 road workers, and the entire fleet of 12 DGT helicopters, watching and enforcing from the air.

To ease the flow of traffic, there will also be 2,440 variable message panels being used and the 1,722 television cameras on the roads.

Everything from the DGT’s point of view is ready and set for a safe season, but much of it is down to us, the driver, to which the DGT insists on: "prevention and prudence" because, among other basic guidelines, they remind drivers to check the state of the road you are planning to drive on, and in adverse weather or poor visibility use your lights, increase the safety distance, use chains or winter tyres if necessary and rest every two hours.

It is also advisable never to lower your guard on short or regular journeys, because these areas often produce the highest number of incidents.

### Torrevieja Fire Station Opens its Doors on Saturday

We all hope that we never need to experience it for real, but have you ever wondered how fire fighters are able to cut victims from car crashes, or how dogs are used in rescue activities? These questions, and many more, will be answered in Torrevieja on Saturday when the fire station opens its doors to visitors and fire fighters perform a number of public displays.



In addition to showing some of the routines the fire fighters train for, the day is also being used to collect toys and gifts which will then be distributed to the less fortunate, in conjunction with the social welfare department of Torrevieja, the Cruz Roja and the University Hospital of Torrevieja.

The councillor for social welfare in Torrevieja, Fabiana Ibarra, explained that "the fire fighters had this wonderful idea and contacted Social Welfare to help them in the organisation, something we accepted immediately." The councillor said that "the only thing we ask is that, as far as possible, the toys that are provided are neutral and are not gender stereotypes."

The presentation this week also involved Borja Guirao, the fire fighter who devised the activity, and José Miguel Robles, sergeant of the fire station of Torrevieja.

Robles explained that "in addition to the solidarity initiative we want to take advantage of the event to offer an open day where different activities will be carried out so that people get to know us and what we do". Among these activities, there will be an exhibition of extraction at 11:00 and another one by the canine rescue group at 12:00. There will also be a fire fighters uniform on hand for you to have your photograph taken dressed as a fire fighter.

The event takes place on Saturday, 22 December, at the Torrevieja fire station, starting at 11:00 and ending at 1:30 p.m., with toy collections throughout, although everyone is invited along to see the work of the teams who are on hand every day of the year for when we might need them, even though we all hope that we never will.

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### National, Regional and Local Holidays for 2019

For the 2019 working calendar in Spain, there are eight working days which will be considered national holidays, including two which will form a “bridge” around a weekend, as both November 1, All Saints Day , and December 6, Constitution Day, fall on a Friday,

These are the national holidays of course, known as “red days”, and therefore we also have to add regional holidays, such as Valencia day, and local holidays which affect just the town which celebrates them.

The eight national holidays for 2019 are: Año Nuevo (New Year) on Tuesday 1 January, Viernes Santo (Good Friday) on Friday 19 April, Fiesta del Trabajo  (Labour Day) on Wednesday 1 May, la Asunción de la Virgen (the Assumption of the Virgin Mary) on Thursday 15 August, la Fiesta Nacional (Spain’s National Day) on Saturday 12 October, Todos los Santos (All Saints) on Friday 1 November, Día de la Constitución (Constitution Day) on Friday 6 December, and Navidad (Christmas Day) on Wednesday 25 December.

In addition to these eight holidays, all the autonomous communities, with the exception of Valencia and Catalonia, celebrate Holy Thursday on 18 April, but Valencia does recognise Easter Monday on 22 April, as does the Balearic Islands, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, Catalonia, Navarra, Basque Country and La Rioja.

As on January 6, the Epiphany of the Lord, falls on Sunday, the communities of Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Canary Islands, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Madrid, Murcia and Navarra and the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla will move the holiday to Monday 7 January.

Plus, Sunday 8 December, the feast of the Immaculate Conception, will move to Monday 9 December in Aragon, Asturias, Cantabria, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Madrid, La Rioja, Ceuta and Melilla.

Despite missing out on the extension of those two holidays, the Valencia region does celebrate the día de San José on 19 March, also recognised in Galicia, Murcia, Navarra and the Basque Country, but not the day of Santiago Apóstol on 25 July, which will be celebrated in Cantabria, Galicia and the Basque Country.

Castilla-La Mancha will be the only community that celebrates the day of Corpus Christi on 20 June, while San Esteban on 26 December will be a holiday in the Balearic Islands and Catalonia.

In addition to the national and regional holidays, local holidays are also recognised. These can be checked with your local social security office, or the town hall. In Torrevieja, for example, in 2019, in addition to the list above, San Vicente Ferrer is celebrated on Monday 29 April, and Thursday 26 December is also a local holiday.

For Torrevieja, where we are based, we have provided the full list below, and an A4 (normal paper) size PDF which you can download and print.

2019 Holidays in Torrevieja

 	Tuesday 1 January - Año Nuevo (New Year)
 	Tuesday 19 March - Día de San José
 	Friday 19 April - Viernes Santo (Good Friday)
 	Monday 22 April – Lunes de Pascua (Easter Monday) (Valencia Region)
 	Monday 29 April – San Vicente Ferrer (Torrevieja holiday)
 	Wednesday 1 May - Fiesta del Trabajo  (Labour Day)
 	Monday 24 June – Día de San Juan (Valencia Region)
 	Thursday 15 August - la Asunción de la Virgen (the Assumption of the Virgin Mary)
 	Wednesday 9 October - Día de Comunidad Valenciana (Valencia Region)
 	Saturday 12 October - la Fiesta Nacional (Spain’s National Day)
 	Friday 1 November - Todos los Santos (All Saints)
 	Friday 6 December - Día de la Constitución (Constitution Day)
 	Wednesday 25 December - Navidad (Christmas Day)
 	Thursday 26 December – Torrevieja local holiday

Here is the PDF file which you can download and print:

[pdf-embedder url="https://n332.es/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/N332-2019-Year-Planner.pdf"]

### Local Police in Pilar de la Horadada Recover Stolen Bikes

As well as the Guardia Civil in Torrevieja locking up thieves who stole a hundred bikes, the Local Police in Pilar de la Horadada have also been getting in on the crime fighting action.



Officers from the Local Police in Pilar de la Horadada have recovered 3 bicycles in the last few days, all of which had been stolen from their rightful owners in the town.

Two of the bikes had been stolen from the coastal area, the third in the vicinity of the "Thiar" secondary school in Pilar de la Horadada, which belongs to a student who used the bike every day to travel to school.

The bike was stolen on Monday and officers were quick to identify the suspect, thus recovering the bike and returning it to a very happy owner.

In order to prevent thefts like this, Pilar de la Horadada council set up a registration system in 2017, where bike owners can register their vehicle and thus reduce the risk of theft, and, if it is stolen, allow for a quicker return if recovered.

A website was set up to facilitate the registration, www.biciregistro.es, which aims to reduce the number of robberies and facilitate the recovery of bicycles anywhere in Spain.

You can register your bike for free, even adding photos, as well as a description, but for a small administration fee of just 7 euro you can also get an identification kit for your bike, which can be done at the validating centre, which in the Municipal Tourism Office, located in Plaza de Campoamor, 2 of Pilar de la Horadada.

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### Cars Without Eco Stickers Restricted in Madrid

Once again, Madrid is facing high levels of contamination caused by motor vehicle emissions, but unlike during previous episodes of pollution when everyone was confused as to who could drive where and when, this time the city council is able to better control access, thanks to the introduction of the Eco Sticker.



On Wednesday, 12 December, vehicles which do not display a sticker, and those which cause the highest contamination, will not be permitted to drive inside the boundaries of the M-30, nor will they be able to use the ring road.

The city council has activated their level 2 protocol for high levels of contamination by nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and so are restricting access to the city streets to those vehicles which cause the least pollution, i.e. vehicles which are petrol fuelled and registered from the year 200, and diesel vehicles from the year 2006, and displaying the appropriate eco sticker which certifies their environmental category.

In addition to the access restrictions, the speed limit on the M-30 will be reduced, and parking will be prohibited in certain areas, except for residents and vehicles which have a zero pollutant rating.

Although displaying the eco sticker is not yet mandatory, it is advisable, as situations like this proves. Town halls are free to restrict vehicle access to those which cause least pollution, and without prior warning, and so it is advisable to collect your eco sticker as soon as possible. This can be done by taking your vehicle documents to a main post office and paying a small fee.

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### Twenty Thousands Alcohol and Drugs Tests Per Day This Week

The DGT launched a special awareness campaign on Monday, aimed at alerting drivers to the dangers of having consumed alcohol or drugs before driving.



As part of the campaign, every day this week, including the weekend, the Guardia Civil Trafico will be conducting 20,000 tests on drivers, to ensure that they are safe behind the wheel.

The campaign coincides with the annual Christmas party week, when many office workers celebrate the festive season, some forgetting the dangers of having consumed alcohol or drugs, and taking to the road as a driver.

The campaign runs in conjunction with TISPOL, the European Traffic Police Organisation, and will see 25 countries across Europe enforcing the law through their own means.

In Spain, the campaign will also be supported by the local and regional police, many of whom will also be out carrying out enforcement checks with equipment provided by the DGT.

According to the Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, "the objective of this type of campaign is to make citizens aware that it´s not only alcohol that is incompatible with driving , but other drugs such as cannabis, cocaine, amphetamines, opiates, are psychoactive substances that have effects, in many cases lethal, when driving".

In addition, he added that "the realisation of these preventive controls on the road is along with road safety education, one of the most effective instruments to dissuade the driver from getting behind the wheel if they have consumed any psychoactive substance."

According to data from the DGT, in 2017 26% of the deceased drivers gave positive results in the tests of alcohol, and of these, 74% presented a rate higher than three times the maximum rate allowed, that is according to the post-mortem data from the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences, as well as by the Institutes of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Murcia and Galicia,

Although data regarding drug use is relatively young, in terms of the number of years it has been collated, it is now clear that, according to the known data, more than 10% of all drivers have consumed more than the maximum permitted amounts of some form of illegal drug.

Drug use is taken very seriously by the DGT, which is why the penalties are so severe, in line with the penalties for habitual drinkers, or those with dangerously excessive levels of alcohol.

The presence of drugs that can affect driving is punished by a 1,000 euro fine and 6 points, however, it soon becomes a criminal matter rather than an administrative one when, “Driving under the influence of toxic drugs, narcotics or psychotropic substances”, can be punished by, “Prison of three to six months or a fine of six to twelve months or work for the benefit of the community from 30 to 90 days, and deprivation of the right to drive from one to four years.”

### Has Your Bike Been Stolen from Around the Torrevieja Area?

If you've suffered the theft or loss of a bicycle in the Torrevieja and surrounding area, you could be in luck, as officers from the Guardia Civil have recovered more than 80 in the arrest of four thieves.



Officers from the Guardia Civil in Torrevieja have arrested four men, three of Moroccan nationality, aged 20,38 and 42, and a fourth, aged 20, of Romanian nationality, who are under suspicion of being involved in the theft of almost a hundred bicycles.

A report from the Guardia Civil alleges that the men are involved in a series of crimes, some including robbery with force, as well as thefts, and belonging to a criminal group.

In total, it is believed that the men entered 62 buildings, including storage rooms, garages and homes. The officers have recovered 79 bicycles, 5 frames, and 3 helmets, with a value of around 40,000 euro.

During one robbery, the men stole so many bicycles they discarded some of lesser value to make space for more expensive models.

The Guardia Civil in Torrevieja has now assembled a catalogue of photographs of the bicycles they have recovered, which is available to view by anybody who has recently lost or had their bike stolen.

 

### Spanish Traffic Law - Free eBook

The Spanish Traffic Law eBook is available to read online, or download in PDF form for free. The document is over 500 pages and is the full translation of the Spanish traffic law, including explanations and commentary by Traffic Police Officers.



To view and read online, click the image below. To download, scroll down the page.



 	Right Click HERE and choose SAVE AS or DOWNLOAD (160mb file)

If you are on a slow internet, you may have difficulties downloading the file above, as it is over 160mb in size. Therefore, it is also available in segments which you can put together yourself. These 11 segments are available below. Again, right click EACH file and choose Save as or Download.

 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 01
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 02
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 03
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 04
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 05
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 06
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 07
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 08
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 09
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 10
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 11
 	Spanish Traffic Law - Part 12 (Contents and Index)


 	 

Thank you for downloading the file, we hope you enjoy the information and find it useful.

### Thinking of Buying an Electric Scooter this Christmas? You may want to reconsider!

In the last year, the interest in Personal Mobility Vehicles (Vehículos de Movilidad Personal or VMP) has rocketed, not only in Spain, but global interest has seen a variety of vehicles taking to the streets and pavements, but the speed in which they have spread has caused legislative problems and confusion amongst many different sectors.



Sales are expected to be high this Christmas in Spain, but there may be a sting in the tail as strict legislation is just around the corner.

We have already seen this week that the first fatality involving one of these vehicles has been recorded in Spain, and with many of their users unlicenced and untrained, legislation to ensure safer practice was inevitable. Now, the DGT intends to include these vehicles in the latest adaptation of vehicle regulations, with some of the vehicles requiring registration, licences to drive, and insurance.

The makeup of these vehicles transcends such a wide range, from small skates to larger and more complex machines. Some are electrically powered, others have combustion engines, and yet, so far, whatever the size, scale or power, other than a few elements already covered by law, the vehicles have so far been grouped together.

The only real official information so far was in 2016, when the DGT issued Instruction 16.V-124, which was little more than an informative notice with little regulatory effect, and which has not been touched since, despite the vehicles in the category undergoing major transformations.

As the basis if these vehicles is that they would only be used within the city limits, it was believed sufficient for the framework of the legislation to allow local authorities to derive their own rules, which inevitably led to confusion when users would travel to different cities, and in those locations where towns simply hadn’t bothered to create their own norms.

There were city councils, like Madrid , Barcelona and Seville for example, who did develop Municipal Ordinances with which to tackle the problems.

Since then, the new Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, has been working to properly catalogue Personal Mobility Vehicles in the next changes to the Vehicle Regulations within a new reform of the Road Safety Act scheduled for mid-2019 with the hope to be able to properly regulate the use of these vehicles for use as urban unipersonal transport.

Whilst the legislation is still being finalised, so far these vehicles have been segregated into four different categories:

 	
Toys: Traditional skates and motorised hoverboards with a maximum speed of 6 km / h. They can be used on pavements and pedestrian areas.

 	
VMP: Electric scooters, electric monocycles and Segways with speed up to 25 km / h. They can be used by bike lanes and authorised lanes. Never on pavements or pedestrian areas. Mobility vehicles will also be included in this category.

 	
Bicycles and electric bicycles: They can travel on all types of roads as well as bike lanes, but never on pavements or pedestrian areas.

 	
Category L1e: Vehicles with a maximum speed of up to 45 km / h that can travel on all roads and never on pavements or pedestrian areas.


In addition to this effective separation duly recorded in the Vehicle Regulations, there will also be new developments in the regulatory plan since both electric bicycles and VMPs will require a vehicle identification and a European Community certification that must be supplied by the manufacturer of each vehicle.

In the case of the L1e, the legislation will mean a much more complex process. These vehicles until now were being used as VMP but due to their size characteristics, halfway between bicycle and VMP, in addition to having a motor that makes them significantly faster and the possibility of incorporating a seat, they were clearly being misused.



From now on, these vehicles will become part of the L1e category and will require users to have the same treatment as if they are mopeds, that is to say that the rider must have a licence for the vehicle (AM category licence), they must have registration and display the registration number plate, and they must have insurance. In addition, their speed must be limited to a maximum of 45 km / h.

If you are a current user of Personal Mobility Vehicles, you may see changes based on your vehicle. In addition, the authorities will have a more precise focus within the legislative framework. What that means is that the ordinances will be applied conscientiously removing these vehicles from the pavements and being able to ensure control of the documentation that is necessary in each case.

If you are not yet an owner, or are thinking of buying one as a Christmas gift, then you may well soon find your vehicle confined to the dumpster, if the recipient is no longer able to ride it, or you are unable to get the vehicle registered and insured, bearing in mind that the vehicle type may determine this and, in some cases, it may not be possible at all, resulting in the only option being scrapping your new toy.

On the other hand, a price increase is expected in the models that will require identification and a mandatory certification under penalty of administrative sanction, and so, if you’re prepared to gamble, you might just pick up a bargain right now.

One of the most upsetting changes to the law will no doubt be for current users of the L1e family of vehicles. Although it is true that until now these small two-wheeled vehicles did not need any registration, if the law is approved, which is very likely, vehicle registration, insurance and licence will be a must for those currently being used now, the moment the act come into force.

### First Death by Scooter Recorded

The death of a 92-year-old woman in Barcelona in August has now been attributed as being the first fatality in Spain where an electrically powered scooter had been involved.



The woman had been hit in the Esplugues de Llobregat area of Barcelona, when it was being ridden by two young men.

The incident occurred on la Rambla del Carme de Esplugues, where the vehicle was reported to have been travelling at maximum speed, around 30 kilometres per hour, when the incident happened.

Being the first recorded fatality of this type it is highlighting calls for stricter regulation of these vehicles, plans which are also being accelerated by the DGT, set to be implemented in the early part of 2019.

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### Drugged Driver Arrested after Hitting Child

Officers from the Local Police in Córdoba have arrested a 23-year-old who, on Monday, allegedly knocked down a 7-year-old girl on a pedestrian crossing next to a school.



The suspect is also accused of driving a vehicle without consent, a van belonging to his father, and for not having a licence. Moreover, the suspect tested positive for cocaine at the time of the incident.

The incident occurred on November 26, when, at around 08:40, the emergency control room received a report of a child having been knocked down on a pedestrian crossing by a white van.

Several patrols immediately attended, where witnesses confirmed the reports and medical staff were treating the child in the road until she was stable enough to be transferred to the Reina Sofía Hospital.

The driver of the van was present at the scene and was subjected to an alcohol test, which was negative, although a drugs test proved positive for narcotic substances, specifically cocaine, and so he was arrested.

One of the witnesses stated that whilst waiting at the pedestrian crossing, two vehicles had stopped, and so people began to cross. The witness then stated that once on the road he saw a white van approaching at high speed. The van then overtook the two stopped vehicle, overtaking them on the left hand side, heading straight towards three girls on the crossing. Two of the girls were pulled to safety, whereas the third was struck by the van.

The police report indicates that the information given coincides with that of other witnesses who also report that the vehicle even continued beyond the crossing after the collision, stopping a few metres away.

Witnesses also state that the driver of the van attempted to restart the vehicle several times, eventually giving up, and then becoming detained by the people at the scene until the arrival of the police.

The child was recovering well in hospital and her injuries are not thought to be life threatening, a very lucky outcome of what could so easily have been a fatal incident.

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### The Importance of Tyre Pressure

They are the hardest working element of most vehicles, and yet, the part which we so frequently neglect, until they are in their worst possible condition. We are talking about tyres.



Proper tyre pressure is of vital importance for the safety of a vehicle, as well as to increase its efficiency and save on fuel (and, therefore, reduce its CO2 emissions).

Keeping a close eye on tyre pressure brings lost of benefits, such as a decrease in the possibility of a blowout, greater precision in the direction of movement and a quicker correction against any unforeseen situations, better cross-sectional grip when taking a curve, and reducing fuel consumption and engine effort.

It is recommended that tyres are checked at least on a monthly basis. More often is better, but monthly is better than not at all, and it’s easy to remember if you make a note, for example, that on the first or last day of the month you will check your tyres.

We have detailed ways of checking tyres many times before, just search “tyres” in the search box at the top of the n332.es website, but this time we want to detail tyre pressure.

First of all, keep in mind that the proper pressure will depend on the type of vehicle. The manufacturer has the obligation to indicate this, depending on the tyre and the transported load. All modern vehicles have a sticker or plate on the driver’s door frame that indicates this. For older vehicles you may have to consult the owner's manual.

Tyre checks should always be carried out “cold”, in other words, before the vehicle has moves anywhere on the day, or if it has been standing for a while on the day, because as the temperature increases when the tyre is being used, when the wheel is moving, it can give a false indication of pressure.

Most garages have tyre top up machines, sometimes for a small fee, which also have pressure gauges built in. These gauges are calibrated frequently and offer the most precise reading, compared to say a pocket, household reader that you can purchase on the internet. Workshops will also be able to check your tyre pressure for you.

As always, we recommend Autos Direct Bosch Service Centre in San Miguel if you want professionals to check your tyres for you, but in the meantime, you can maintain the check yourself, and remember to add that regular date to your calendar, checking every month, to make sure your tyres offers the best results in both performance and, more importantly, safety.

### Cyclists and Roundabouts

A recent survey conducted by the Ponle Freno Study Centre has revealed that 40% of road users don’t know how to act in the presence of cyclists, and that two thirds of all road users don’t know who has priority at roundabouts.



The first thing that is seemingly lacking in knowledge is that at a roundabout, a group of cyclists are treated as a single unit. That is to say that if the first cyclist in the group has entered the roundabout, the remaining group will now take priority, therefore traffic on the roundabout must now wait until they have all passed. However, this rule is on the assumption that the first cyclist has already entered the roundabout. If the group are approaching a roundabout and see vehicles already on it, then they must give way to traffic already on the roundabout, in the same way as if they were a single cycle, or a car, for example. It is only when the first cyclist in the group has already entered the roundabout that the rest can then follow.

On an open road, remember that you must be able to safely pass a cyclist with at least 1.5 metres space between your vehicle and the cycle. This is also the only time it is permitted to cross the solid white line, if necessary, but only if no other vehicles are approaching, and that you can see that it is safe to proceed.

A cycle is treated the same as any other vehicle when on the road, therefore cyclists are also reminded that they too must comply with the same laws as other vehicles.

As well as many other rules particular only to cyclists, such as ensuring you can be seen, wearing a helmet out of town (children at all times), for example, you must also have a bell on your bicycle.

Similarly, you are not permitted to use a mobile phone when cycling, or wear headphones, as you too must maintain attention to the road at all times, just like all road users.

### What Happens if I Don’t Pay a Traffic Fine?

According to statistics, most drivers have been or will be caught out committing a driving offence at some point. The most common reasons are improper parking, speeding or even using their mobile whilst stopped at a traffic light.



These days, many of the fines are issued remotely, with drivers caught out by one of the many cameras around the road network, r even by Pegasus on the DGT’s helicopters.

If you received a fine and it genuinely wasn’t you, perhaps you’d let someone else drive your car, or even your number plate may have been cloned, it might just be a genuine mistake by the system, whatever the reason, there is a process of contesting the fine, the details of which are published in English on the DGT’s website, dgt.es.

However, on this occasion, what if it was you but you just choose not to pay it. What then are the consequences of ignoring or failing to pay a traffic fine? We will tell you.

The first point we have to make is that there are benefits to having a Spanish driving licence, changing your UK one for a Spanish one if you are living in Spain.

If you have a UK licence and you are stopped to be dealt with for a traffic violation, you are treated as a tourist and, as such, you have to pay the fine on the spot, with a risk of your vehicle being immediately impounded if you don’t or can’t.

As a Spanish licence holder, you don’t have to pay on the spot and, even better, most fines have a discount for prompt payment . The fine is reduced by 50% if it is paid within 20 calendar days following its notification (either by hand or by postal mail). During this period of time , the fine may also be appealed , presenting the allegations and the evidence deemed necessary up to 30 days after it was received.

Now onto the  point, what if this period has passed, either inadvertently or intentionally, what happens next? After the initial time allowance, a new period known as an executive procedure begins. If no payment has been made in the voluntary period, the sanction becomes fixed and the fine will arrive with a surcharge of 5% (now without the possibility of a 50% discount). This step will be carried out automatically and without the need to notify you. You have been warned!

Once that period has passed, remember there is no obligation for you to be notified again, it is the Tax Agency who takes over the matter. They will then notify you with what is known as an enforcement order, a document indicating that the fine is applied, now with a 10% surcharge and a new payment period. If you continue with the intention of not paying, there will be a new notification, this time with a surcharge of 20% and also a new deadline for payment.

Once this option has been exhausted, the matter becomes even more serious and you will be informed that the normal procedures have not been satisfactorily settled. It is now, after a relatively short space of time, that the Tax Agency begins to seize the assets in order to settle the account, for example taking the money from your bank account. If you have no money in your account then the Tax Agency is able to obtain it through other revenue streams, such as direct from your salary or pension. If you still haven’t got enough to pay, then the next stage is for the Tax Agency to seize assets, such as real estate for example.

In short, as a Spanish licence holder, if you get fined you can often get a 50% discount of you own up and pay it promptly. If not, the fine is likely to end up doubled, taken from your bank or salary without you having any opportunity to contest it, not even on the basis of having bills to pay or needing to eat, and, ultimately, your assets could be seized, to which we conclude, if you did commit the offence it is far better to pay promptly and learn from it, not repeating the infraction again.

 

### Fatal Collision at Santa Pola

A woman, said to be 56-years-old, died on Tuesday after the vehicle she was in was involved in a collision with a bus on the N-332 near Santa Pola.



The incident occurred at 15:46 at kilometre point 93.4 near to the Gran Alacant urbanisation in the Alicante direction towards El Altet. Another three vehicles were said to be involved, along with the bus which was marked up as for school transport, but no other injuries were recorded.



Fire fighters initially managed to rescue the woman alive from the wreckage, but she is said to have lost her life during the transfer from the scene to Elche general hospital.

The N-332 remained closed for some time and vehicles were diverted as the incident was being dealt with by the emergency services.

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### Man and Boy Arrested for Dangerous Driving Video

A young male and his father have both been arrested in La Rioja, after the boy was videoed by his dad as he drove a car at 160 kilometres per hour.



The footage was recorded by the father on a mobile phone, later to be posted on social media.

The incident took place on the A-68 after the father had collected the youth from a juvenile centre, where he had been released on permit.

Upon returning to the centre, the boy boasted about his exploits to the staff, who in turn reported the incident to the police, who arrested both as suspects of crimes against road safety.



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### Major Fuel Stations to be Forced to Offer Electric

As the government advances plans to make motoring more energy efficient, it is now set to accelerate plans that will force over a thousand filling stations to offer electricity charging points.



The plans are already in place to ban the sale of cars that emit CO2 by 2040, however it has now been revealed that in order to remain on emission reducing target, some 220,000 charging points will be required a decade sooner, by 2030.

The draft law is now being written which speeds up those plans, with a target of 27 months for initial compliance, which will mean some 1,200 filling stations having to have electric points installed, thus becoming 'electrolineras', almost immediately.

It is filling stations considered to be 'super- gas stations', in other words, those that sell more than 10 million litres of fuel and therefore have a turnover of around 15 million euro. They tend to be in the best areas of cities or on busy highways. Therefore the Government wants to install electric chargers with a minimum power of 22 kW , so that cars can access a fast charge.

If the fuel companies fail to comply, they face fines of up to 30 million euro, sanctioned with a very serious infraction of the Hydrocarbons Law. Repsol and Cepsa have a 30% and 13% share of the market respectively.

In the nine months after the approval of the law they will have to have the plan ready. From there, they would have to have operational services with the capacity to supply renewable electricity, which will require them to make agreements with the electricity companies.

### Worrying Trend will See More Pedestrians, Cyclists and Bikers Killed

Analysis of data from recent years suggests that since the birth of the automobile, in 2020, more vulnerable road users will be killed on Spain's roads than the occupants of four-wheeled vehicles.



The information comes from the Directorate General of Traffic (DGT), which suggests that by following the current evolution, there will be more pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists killed than those less vulnerable.

,The Director General, Pere Navarro, shared the information during the launch of the latest campaign, "Nothing is worth more than a life", focused on addressing and finding solutions to the problem.

Coinciding with the weekend's commemoration of World Traffic Victims Day, Navarro pointed out that in 2008 the vulnerable users who died were 40 percent of the total and last year they had already accounted for 46 percent.

### Who and Where are the Safest Young People on the Roads of Spain?

Young drivers are amongst the highest risk group on the road, in terms of likelihood to be involved in a serious incident, mostly due to their inexperience, but sometimes motivated by bravado and pure immaturity.

However, according to a recent study, it is possible to identify where the safest drivers of this group reside and, their profile.



The report, “III Informe sobre la juventud al volante: Por qué es necesario ser prudente”, or the third report relating to youth at the wheel and the need to be prudent, it is girls from Soria in the centre-north of the country who are the best young drivers in Spain, and those who suffer the least serious incidents from all over the country.

The report, prepared by Somos Seguros, also finds young people from Cuenca in second place, and those from Huesca in third.

The analysis, compiled from the 2017 report, Estadística de Seguros de Automóviles, confirms the group to be involved in more incidents with injury than any other, in fact, the probability that a young person has a mishap of these characteristics is 1.8 times greater than that suffered by a person over 35.

The study has had a methodology in which incidents are differentiated according to their severity. Thus, those claims where there was someone injured or deceased have been considered serious. Meanwhile, minor incidents are those in which only material damage occurred. Likewise, an evaluation system from 1 to 10 has been established to measure the probability of incident among young people from the different provinces, weighing the number of incidents that occurred based on the number of vehicles registered in each territory.

The report reflects how the probability of having a mishap is decreasing as experience is gained behind the wheel. A young person who has held a licence for one year is (statistically) 4 times more likely to have a serious traffic incident than an experienced driver, this difference drops to 1.8 times when they reach 10 years of driving experience.

As for the vehicles involved in collisions, those with two wheels tend to suffer more serious incidents. The analysis shows that a driver under 35 and with less than one year of experience is 7.5 times more likely to suffer a serious incident than a person who has been driving this type of vehicle for more than a decade.

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### Special Operation to Look After Motorbike Event

This weekend, the DGT is running a special operation intent on trying to protect attendees to the Motul Grand Prix being held in Cheste.



This is the largest event in the motorcycle calendar, with more than 200,000 spectators expected to attend the event which runs until Sunday, November 18.

The special operation will run for the entire duration of the event, with the intention of reducing dangerous activities on the roads and reducing incidents.

In particular, such activities as driving too close, dangerous overtaking, the use of alcohol and drugs, and riding more than two abreast, will be top of the list of offences being monitored, as well as the wearing of seat belts, crash helmets, and using a mobile phone whilst driving.

The Guardia Civil traffic police will be out in force in the area, monitoring from the ground, with air support provided by Pegasus equipped helicopters, and the latest airborne addition to the arsenal of  tools for monitoring traffic, drones.

If you are not intending going to the event, you may also need to be aware that there will be more traffic on the roads during the days in which the event is taking place, particularly motorbikes, and so, although the motorbike riders themselves must act responsibly, it is also prudent for all road users to be a little more aware and alert of the potential dangers faced by more vulnerable road users.

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### Category F Tyres Banned from Sale

In a bid to further reduce the environmental impact of vehicles on the roads, the sale of poorly performing tyres has been outlawed.



All tyres for sale in Spain follow the European Standards for safety rating. As of November 1, the sale of tyres which are in the “F” category for roll resistance, and which are intended for use on passenger cars and vans, have been prohibited.

Roll resistance directly influences fuel consumption of the vehicle, and therefore, its pollutant emissions, especially that of greenhouse gases. The lower the resistance, the lower the consumption and, according to the Tyre Manufacturers Commission, "up to 20% of fuel consumption is related to this factor."

According to Jose Luis Rodriguez, president of the Commission, "the prohibition to sell these less efficient tyres in the European market highlights again the informative work and the protection of the consumer interests of the tyre Label".

The special tyre labelling system came into force on July 1, 2012. Its objective was to inform the consumer by means of colours, symbols and letters, of the roll resistance, the braking grip on wet roads and the sound level of the tyre, helping consumers to choose the tyres that provide the best performance for their vehicle, but that are also safe, durable, efficient and respectful to the environment.

The sale of "G" rated tyres, in other words the least efficient, was already outlawed in 2014.

The Professional Organization of Tire Specialists (OPEN) insists that tyres are the vehicle's only contact with the road. They ensure that the adherence and direction that the vehicle travels in is the one desired by the user and also cushions imperfections of the road. At the same time, they insist on the need for adequate maintenance of the tyre, including pressure and depth.

According to a study by the University of Edinburgh on vehicle gases, it was stated that 2/3 of the particles emitted by a vehicle are due to tyres, vehicle maintenance and roads. OPEN underlines that "the use of efficient tyres could represent a decrease of 50 litres per 10,000 kilometres in the use of fuel.

There is a transitional period for garages which have stock of these Class “F” tyres, in that those manufactured before November 1, 2018, may still be sold for a period of 30 months, i.e. up until May 1, 2021.

### Speed Limits Look Set to Reduce Soon

When the new Director General of the DGT took over, Pere Navarro vowed to turn around the increase in road traffic injuries and fatalities, as he had done whilst previously in the post.



Recently, the DGT has reverted back to hard-hitting advertising campaigns on TV and in print, showing the reality of what is left behind after a serious incident, and what those who have to deal with the aftermath have to put up with.

Practical improvements were also on the cards, as was the intention to rush through legislation as quickly as possible.

It is now believed that the first such change is set to be rushed through for January, which would see the maximum permitted speed limit on some 7,000 kilometres of secondary roads reduced from 100 kilometres per hour to 90 kilometres per hour.



In the final draft of a document prepared by the Ministry of the Interior and Traffic, it is stated that "this Royal Decree will come into force on January 2, 2019".

However, it is important to note that the time specified is subject to change as, no matter the intention, there is still a minimum time for legislation to work its way through the system and become law, and so, unless something changes, the specified date is unrealistic.

That said, the point is that the DGT, under the management of Pere Navarro, is set to implement significant change to the laws that should make the roads safer for all, so long as those laws are adhered to.

However, also on the cards are more radars, fixed and portable, stricter penalties for such things as mobile phone use, and more resources to allow the Guardia Civil, police and the DGT to enforce the laws and penalise those who still choose to ignore the dangers on the roads.

### Major Earthquake Drill in Torrevieja on Wednesday

On Wednesday, 14 November, an earthquake will hit the area with its epicentre in Torrevieja. Luckily, it is only a drill, part of continual operations that ensure the emergency services are trained and equipped should such an event occur, as was the case in 1829 when much of the area, including Torrevieja, was destroyed by a major earthquake.



Public buildings, including schools and colleges, will also be taking part in the drill, so that children are also well prepared should anything like this ever occur again.

The local emergency services will be first to attend the scene, closing roads as necessary and implementing the first protocol for such an event, which is of special importance as Torrevieja and the surrounding area is in the centre of a seismic zone.

As the simulation continues, additional support will be called upon, which will include the UME, the military emergency and rescue services, who will also be on hand to assist.

A total of 775 emergency workers will be involved in the scenario, more than ever before, from 25 agencies who will train for the emergency, including municipal groups, consortiums of fire fighters, forest fire fighters, security services, civil protection volunteers, Cruz Roja UME, and students, amongst others.

The 6 secondary schools and the 13 elementary and junior high schools of Torrevieja will be involved, with self-protection activities being practiced by 4,840 students and 452 secondary school teachers; and 7,061 children and 388 nursery and primary school teachers.



The areas which will be hit hardest by the quake will be Colonia San Esteban, Archivo Municipal, Sociedad Cultural Casino de Torrevieja and the Recinto de Ferias y Mercados, with the purpose of putting into practice the damage assessment protocols in buildings and infrastructures, transfer of works of art, and problems with the supply of water, roads, electricity, gas and telephony, as well as the care of people who lose their homes.

For this purpose, a total of 170 “extras” (students of the Leonardo da Vinci Intitutes of Alicante, IES of Elda and Les Alfàbegues de Bétera) will simulate the groups of affected family members, who will be assisted in a temporary shelter camp.

As for the implementation of rescue protocols for people trapped and buried in the rubble, it will be held in a practice field in the town of Algemesí, where one of the neighbourhoods of Torrevieja most affected by the earthquake will be simulated.

If you see any of this activity, like in a real emergency, remain calm, listen to the instructions given by those in authority, and act on their instructions immediately. Although this is a simulation, the necessity for acting as if it is a real emergency is crucial, therefore, please avoid standing around and just watching, if you are not told to leave the area, just move on as normal and let the emergency services do their job.

Similarly, the roads around the area may be affected by closures and emergency diversions. Again, take notice and act on the instructions given, leaving the area immediately if told to do so, and, if you are not planning to be in the area as normal, please avoid the area. If you see emergency service vehicles approaching, try to make a clear path for them to proceed, if you can do so safely.

If you do want to follow the activities, rather than standing around and getting in the way, there is a hashtag set up for social media, so you can monitor pictures and videos from home as the emergency unfolds. Just follow #gransimularco2018 to do this.

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### Trucks May be used to Fight Mobile Phone Use

This week, the DGT is running a special campaign on secondary roads, the location of the majority of fatal and serious incidents in Spain, which focussed on the main contributing factor to road traffic collisions, inappropriate speed, driving too close, alcohol and drugs, and not wearing a seat belt or using a mobile phone.

It is the latter two problems that the new director general of the DGT, Pere Navarro, is increasingly concerned about, as both factors seem to be spiralling out of control. At the  Forum for Sustainable Urban Mobility in Bilbao, he said, "We must avoid the feeling of impunity and the laws must be complied with."

To try to turn the social acceptance of using a mobile or not wearing a seat belt, the DGT has reverted back to harder hitting advertising campaigns, showing the reality of how grave incidents can be, and the aftermath that the families and friends of those who have been killed or seriously injured have to cope with, all innocent victims of the phenomena.

An extra piece of equipment being considered by the DGT to try and combat the problem takes a leaf out of the book of the UK traffic police, with the introduction of trucks and unmarked vans travelling on the road network looking out, particularly, for drivers using a mobile or vehicle occupants not wearing a seat belt.

The elevated position of the driver in these vehicles offers a point of view not available in a car, as it is much easier to see what is happening when looking down, a situation proven by the Pegasus equipped helicopters and the newly tested drones. Moreover, these vehicles often go unnoticed by those drivers committing the offences, and so enforcement can be easier, thus halting the menace.

In the UK, this form of surveillance has been active for two years and has already shown its effectiveness, with more than 4,000 sanctions being imposed on distracted drivers. The majority of those sanctions, two thirds of the total, are for mobile phone use, but other behaviours have also been detected, such as applying makeup, eating or rolling cigarettes.



As revealed by the balance from the DGT for 2017, distracted driving accounted for 32% of the causes of fatal incidents, ranking first over inadequate speed (26%) or alcohol consumption (12%).

It is believed that two vehicles are currently operating on the roads of Spain, and a currently under test conditions in order to evaluate the possibility of mass introduction, but if the success of the UK is anything to go by, this will prove to be a valuable addition to the arsenal of weapons which are constantly increasing to try to keep us all a little safer on the roads.

### The Difference Between Autopistas and Autovías

It is not always clear to many drivers who move through the motorway network, but there are two very different types of high-speed roads in Spain.

The two types of roads share a lot of characteristics, but also have subtle differences. Both are motorways, but autopistas (AP-7 for example) and autovías (A-7) have their own definitions.



Both have two lanes (at least) for each direction separated by a median (a central reservation), in both the maximum speed is 120 kilometres per hour (apart from exceptions), and a minimum permitted flow speed of 60 kilometres per hour, and so if your vehicle is not capable of that speed, you are not allowed on.

Both autopistas and autovías do not have junctions which cross other roads, they have fast flowing entrances and exits which join and leave the flow of traffic and hard shoulders.

In addition, autovías and autopistas have service areas, normally no more than two hours apart, at most, to allow you to stop for a break, and, in general their use is restricted to cars, trucks, buses and motorcycles that are capable of reaching at least 60 kilometres per hour on the flat .

Neither the autopistas nor the autovías go through urban centres, but border them and go around them as bypasses. The maximum permitted speed of a motorway passing an urban centre is normally reduced.

However, the question is not of their similarities, but rather of their differences. The difference, generally, is technical, by which both are denominated differently, as well as a slightly more interesting reason that is historical: the autovías usually have their origin in old roads that underwent a transformation and conversion in the 1970s and 1980s. This is not always the case, but it is usual for an autovía to follow, at least partially and for some of the two directions, the route of an old national road.

This means that the autovías can have certain limitations. For example, they may have curves with steeper turning radii and greater climbs on slopes. Also the width of the hard shoulder can be affected and be narrower on the autovía than they are on the autopistas.

The lengths of the exit and incorporation lanes can be shorter, and even none existent on the autovías compared to the minimum length required for autopistas. In some cases the autovías can have bus stops on the road itself and not the service road as happens with the autopistas, since on the autopistas it is not mandatory that there is a service route.



However, the newer autopistas do not usually have these limitations for the most part, so in practice and increasingly the difference between an autovía and a newly constructed autopista is more in its original design than in its effective function.

Another important difference is that, in general, the autovías are not toll roads while many autopistas are.

Primarily, to sum up, autopistas are a newer version of a motorway, specifically designed, from scratch, and feature fast-flowing pathways with long curves, and a sterile environment for drivers in order to reduce distractions, thus permitting the speeds to flow more constantly than on an autovía.

### Another Gang of Highway Robbers Locked Up

Officers from the Catalan police, the Mossos d'Esquadra, have arrested four alleged members of a group who would pose as police officers on the AP-7 motorway between the French border and the Valencia region, in order to stop and then rob vehicles, mostly targeting tourists, in service areas and lay-bys.



The report states how the arrests were made last week and those arrested are charged with two crimes of robbery with violence, two with force, one of causing injuries, three of usurpation of public functions and three counts of crimes against road safety.

The officers had investigated reports since August of this year, but are keeping the file open for other reported incidents for which this group may be responsible.

The group would cover up to 700 kilometres per night during their raids, moving along the motorway network until they could identify their victims.

The thieves, of Bosnian origin, falsely identified themselves as police to gain the trust of the victims, but if they did not follow the orders or resist, they resorted to force and violently attacked them.

The victims of the group were mostly foreign tourists who could be in possession of large amounts of cash when on vacation. During the investigation, the officers found evidence that the group were involved in seven events that occurred between August 18 and October 12, and also discovered that they were using a warehouse in an industrial area of ​​the metropolitan area of ​​Barcelona as a temporary residence and to hide their booty.

After a surveillance and monitoring operation, the officers detained the four members of the group in Barcelona. During the raid of the warehouse the officers located more than 3,000 euro in cash in different currencies and denominations.

The officers later thanked the diligence of the motorway operator, Abertis Autopistas , which has collaborated in the investigation through their video surveillance systems.

The detainees, who have different backgrounds, were brought before the courts in Girona.

Remember, if you have any doubt as to whether a vehicle trying to stop you on the motorway is genuine, you can call the emergency coordination centre on 112, reporting the vehicle’s registration number, and they can confirm if it is real and, if not, summon help. There is also a video on the N332.es website which explains how to identify unmarked police vehicles in the hope of reducing this kind of crime where unscrupulous criminals prey on innocent victims.

 

### On the Road at Albatera

Last week, the N332 RoadWatch Travelling RoadShow visited Albatera, for the first of this season's talks on road safety in Spain.



The event was for the Albatera European Residents Group, hosted by the town hall, and was the first time we have visited that particular area, and met the local residents who welcomed us into their meeting.

We have a number of other talks scheduled for the winter season, but we do have a couple of dates available, so if you are a local or community leader and can assemble a group of at least 50 people, we are happy to come and visit you with the presentation, which is of course completely free, thanks to the volunteers who run the talks and the generosity of the likes of, Casas Espania, who provide a vehicle for us to travel to you, and, the sponsors who have allowed us to purchase the equipment to do the talks. Send an email to news@n332.es to make contact with us.

Our thanks to the European residents who did welcome us to this event, and to Sandra for organising everything on the ground. We will see you again soon.

### Special Campaign to Focus on Secondary Road Dangers

Oncde again, all this week, and through the weekend, an intensified campaign is running focussing on one of the areas of the Spanish road network where more fatalities and serious injuries take place, conventional roads.



In 2015, there were 23,729 injury incidents on conventional roads, in which 971 people lost their lives, almost 3 people for every day of the year, a figure which saw 14 more people die than the year before. In addition to the deaths, 3,780 people were injured to such a degree that they required hospital attention. Sadly, this figure isn't declining, but has seen an increase according to the more recent data which is being collated.

As a result, the DGT looks at these roads with a watchful eye, hoping to educate drivers of the risks associated with these roads, and how driving attitude must change in order to reduce the number of incidents.

During the week-long campaign, which runs through to Sunday, officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by colleagues from the local and regional police, will be monitoring the road network, paying close attention to three of the most common contributing factors to road traffic incidents.

The campaign will focus specifically on inappropriate or excessive speed, consumption of alcohol and drugs, and distractions such as using a mobile phone. In addition, the officers will be monitoring for incorrect overtaking, driving too close, the wearing of seat belts, child restraint systems and crash helmets, and that the driver´s and vehicle´s documentation are correct and valid.

In addition to an increase in roadside checks, the DGT´s helicopters will be in the air monitoring traffic, including those fitted with the Pegasus detection equipment, capable of monitoring speed, incorrect driving practices and the wearing of safety systems, all from a distance far beyond detection by the driver, and the new drones will also take to the sky to keep a watchful eye. The DGT has once again given fully equipped traffic monitoring vehicles to some local police forces, including Torrevieja, allowing for local police to be better equipped to monitor the roads under their jurisdiction.

 



Of the 165,000 kilometres of major roads, some 149,500 kilometres are on sections classed as conventional. They pose a significant risk for a number of reasons including hills and bends, the necessity to invade the opposite on-coming lane in order to overtake, and junctions which pose a major risk when traffic joins or leaves the main carriageway.

Some of the most dangerous sections of roads have been identified by the DGT and carry additional warnings, many of the most dangerous sections are already focussed on by patrols, in addition to this intensified campaign.

 

### How to Deal with Breakdowns

The average age of vehicles on the roads of Spain is increasing, which is unfortunately going against the government’s hopes of reducing the age of the fleet, hence numerous subsidies to help older vehicle owners buy new.

At the moment, the average age of vehicle is nearing 12 years, which not only means that many vehicles are not equipped with the latest safety features and technology, it also means they are more prone to breakdown.



The good news is that most of the breakdowns are common faults, and in the worst case your insurance would cover recovery. However, it’s still not pleasant when it happens, and so we can look at not only what to do if it does, but also how we can help to prevent such problems.

If you do breakdown on the road, the first thing to remember is to stay calm. Then, you need to think about protecting yourself and your vehicle. Put on your high visibility vest and switch on your hazard lights. At night, you should also have your parking lights on, if possible.

Remember next to place your emergency triangles. These have to be placed 50 metres from the rear of your vehicle if traffic is flowing in only one direction, and 50 metres from the front if traffic flows in two directions. It is also important to ensure that your triangles are not only 50 metres away, but are visible from at least 100 metres, bearing in mind such obstructions as curves or the brow of a hill, for example.

Now that you and your vehicle are protected, make a note of exactly where you are. Road signs and kilometre posts are important, or major landmarks. You will need to know your exact location because now you need to summon help from your insurance recovery company, or from the emergency services if needed. Remember, stay calm and protected at all times.

We said that most of the faults are common, and that we would look at prevention as well. Sadly, a lot of problems are caused by poor maintenance, such as with the brakes or suspension. Undiagnosed faults here can seriously reduce the stopping ability of a vehicle and can therefore be extremely dangerous. It is always best to get these systems checked by approved and qualified mechanics at authorised garages, such as Autos Direct in San Miguel de Salinas for example, who provide us with lots of information relating to maintenance, and will have a check of your car in their Bosch service centre.

Lights are a common failure for older vehicles. These should be checked regularly, making sure that all lights are working, including brake lights and indicators. Some older cars do have bulbs which are easy to swap, which is one of their benefits, others may need a mechanic to assist.

The electrical system can deteriorate with age and can be prone to failures. Although many faults may require a mechanic to repair, some can be repaired if they are simple, keep an eye on warning lights on the dashboard and if there is any doubt, visit a qualified mechanic.

The engine itself can also be prone to failures as it gets old. Sometimes the rubber seals become worn or damaged, so be aware of this, but you can and must check your oil levels on a regular basis and makes sure that there is nothing obviously wrong such as a leak.

Tyres also deteriorate with age, and these must be changed if worn down. Damage can occur for many reasons and you can check the tyres yourself, looking for obvious signs of damage such as holes or knocks, and that the tread is even. By the way, Autos Direct have a little card which you can get for free to check the tread depth of your tyres, just call in and ask them for one (subject to availability of course), and search for “tyres” on n332.es for lots more information on how to check for problems. You must also keep tyres correctly inflated and check this on a regular basis.

With a little bit of care and attention, increasing as the vehicle gets older, we can avoid a lot of problems, but if you do find yourself broken down remember to stay calm and always protect yourself first.

### Where to Stick the Stickers

There are not many things allowed in the windscreen, but some are compulsory, so the question does sometimes come up as to where to stick them.

You are not permitted to stick anything unauthorised in the windscreen, so things like For Sale signs are forbidden. Here is a list of things which are permitted. When we talk about the location of them, we are imagining ourselves sat in the vehicle, looking out.

ITV Sticker (if required)

To be placed in the upper right corner of the windscreen. Also, just one, the current sticker ONLY.

ECO Sticker

To be placed in the bottom right corner.

Shared Vehicle Sticker

Used in some highly congested areas and allows vehicles, under certain conditions, to use special lanes for vehicles of high occupancy, VAO.

Both the ECO and Shared Vehicle stickers have been incorporated into the latest changes to traffic law, of 2018.

On the image, you can see on this vehicle (kindly loaned to us by Casas Espania) the location of the stickers, although in this case we are on the outside looking in.

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 15

Welcome to the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch.

You can read this edition FOR FREE at the bottom of this article, or you can purchase the PDF to download and keep on your computer or tablet.


Buy PDF Now


We have had a few busy months over summer, hence the delay in this issue. The reason will become clear very soon, but to give you a bit of an idea, in December a new eBook will be launched which will not only answer all of your driving questions, it will also be free!

We have still been active in the community, as you can see from our first feature in this edition, when we were at the very successful, “Expo Torrevieja”. Thousands of people attended with many coming to our stand, mostly with one question needing clearing up, the one about driving on roundabouts. We also had a lot of forms and documents with us, which were very popular, some of which you can still download from the dedicated page on the website at www.n332.es/documents

In this edition we pay close attention to tyres and tyre safety, but also on eco stickers which, although not mandatory as such, are very much needed in parts of Spain.

We also answer some of the most popular questions sent into us, such as whether dialling 999 works in Spain, it doesn’t by the way, and many more features from the website all brought together in this concise little digital publication.

That’s enough of an introduction from the editorial team, we will leave you to browse through the pages and enjoy this edition. As we are about to go out on the road giving presentations again, we look forward to meeting with many of you through the winter.

For now, enjoy this edition and stay safe.


Buy PDF Now








 

### The ‘Dutch Reach’ Makes Opening Doors Safer for All

The Highway Code, the basic driving manual for the United Kingdom, is to have a new instruction added which aims to offer more protection to vulnerable road users such as cyclists.

Known as the ‘Dutch Reach’, the new instruction ensures a safer method of opening a vehicle’s doors, ensuring greater observation opportunities, and therefore a safer method.

The technique originated in The Netherlands, and was in fact part of the driving test, forces vehicle occupants to turn as they open the door, which allows them to then look behind at the same time.



In order to practice the method, we basically open the vehicle’s doors using the opposite hand to where the door is. So, for example, if we are sat in the driving seat of a left-hand drive car as here in Spain, we will reach over to the door handle with our right arm.

As we do this, notice how your body turns. As our body turns we can then look forward as normal, checking the rear view mirror as our line of sight passes, and then look over our left shoulder through our ‘blind spot’, to make sure that it is safe to open the door before we do. Now, we have a greater opportunity to see cyclists which we may have missed, or other approaching vehicles of course.

The same process applies if we are sat in the passenger seat, on the right, although now we are using our left hand to open the door, and can look for other road users who may be approaching, including pedestrians.

Another benefit of this method is that the opening of the door is then also restricted by our movement, that is to say that if the door is caught by a gust of wind for example, then it will not blow open as easily, as our opposing arm length would restrict it.

When you are out in a car, irrespective of where you are sitting, front or back, left or right, please try the ‘Dutch Reach’ and make the roads a little safer for all.

### Check Your Keys!

As cars get more advanced, the technology sometimes replaces manual tasks normally performed by the driver, which sometimes takes away the element of apparent responsibility and the need for vigilance.

Although the keys to the vehicle may not fall into that risk category, there are other problems associated with them that we have to be aware of.

In recent weeks, we have seen a number of occasions where children have been locked inside vehicles. On each occasion, the child had to be rescued by fire-fighters and was uninjured by the ordeal. However, particularly in the summer months, each of these incidents could have had a much more serious outcome.

The woman said that it was the little girl, just one year old, who took the keys from inside her mother's purse. As the mother was about to take her out of the car, the girl pressed the button on the remote control key, closing the doors, becoming trapped inside.

In a second incident, the vehicle automatically locked the doors with a child inside, leaving the adult on the outside.

Some modern vehicles warn the driver to remove the key from the ignition before leaving. This includes carrying seemingly simple operations such as fuelling the vehicle.

There is also another risk associated with newer cars which has been identified by security experts.

Some cars no longer have a traditional key to allow access and to start the vehicle, but rather a remote control ‘fob’. This simplifies the operation for owners, but has been identified as a potential risk as some technologically savvy thieves have been able to clone them and then take the car unhindered.

This cloning has sometimes been carried out at the owner’s home, when the fob has been left near to a door for example, and the thieves have been able to use equipment to scan whilst outside the property, copy the information from the fob and take a vehicle without alerting the property occupants.

The thief’s transmitter pings the car’s locking system, impersonating the vehicle’s key. The locking system responds, sending a signal which the key fob is supposed to pick up. The thief who sent the original ping forwards the response to a second thief who is near the house. The second thief then forwards the response to the key fob which then relays back the correct response, which then works its way through the mini network back to the first thief’s equipment and onto the car, which then unlocks the doors and allows the engine to start.



In order to avoid this, much like traditional key warnings, the advice is to always keep the fob far away from doors, windows or other easily accessible locations, storing it well out of reach of prying equipment. Traditional keys were often kept in bowls or on hooks near a front door, with the thieves able to fish them out by hooks through the letterbox. The same warnings still apply, but the fishing technique has evolved.

Keep your keys safe at all times, away from thieves and children, they are your responsibility and they are literally the ‘key’ to your possession that nobody should be allowed to access.

### Classic Car Tour Arrives in Alicante

Andorra, Huesca, Soria and Cuenca have already received the largest collection of touring classic cars in Europe, and now they have arrived in Alicante, before heading off with another four stages ahead, Almería, Cazorla, Ciudad Real and Madrid.



More than one hundred teams have already completed half of the test, overcoming steep slopes, mud, puddles and many kilometres of road, with dreamlike landscapes crossing natural parks.


Today was the fourth stage of the V Spain Classic Raid, in which more than one hundred participating teams have arrived in Alicante covering half of the event. 


After leaving Andorra, the cars already accumulate more than 1,300 kilometres, the vast majority on dirt roads. The Andorra-Huesca stage was the hardest, with steep slopes and a lot of stones where the suspensions and damping of the veteran vehicles participating in the tour were put to the test. The recent rains have caused many roads along which the tour passed to accumulate mud and puddles, which has added a point of difficulty to this first part, more adventure and also more fun.



In addition, the participants have enjoyed unforgettable landscapes, crossing natural parks, such as the Bardenas Reales, and beautiful autumn prints.

The cars have to be at least 25 years old and demonstrate, once again, an impressive resistance, although breakdowns are present in all stages. Rims, tyres, shock absorbers, transmissions and cooling systems are usually the most common problems that the participants must face and repair as far as possible to be able to continue on the test and start the next day.
The classification is led by the Volkswagen Baja Buggy of Juan Donatiu and Kim Vilatarsana, followed by two teams formed by father and son, the one of Ramón Franquesa junior and senior with a Seat Marbella and the one of Iván and Íker Solera with a Renault Four.

Ahead there are still four trials, with a goal in Almeria, Cazorla, Ciudad Real and Madrid, in which the adventure is assured.
The sponsorship and collaboration of Bosch, Jeep and Fiat make it possible for the Spain Classic Raid to reach its fifth edition with total registration success and has become the classic benchmark in the national scenario.

### Expo Torrevieja this Weekend

This weekend, members of N332 will be at the Expo Torrevieja, being held in the International Auditorium in the town on Saturday and Sunday.



We will be on hand throughout the weekend to answer any questions you might have, or just if you want to come and say hello.

As part of our presence at the event, a special edition of “The Local Touch” newspaper will contain copies of two of the most requested forms that foreign drivers ask for and perhaps need in Spain, a Vehicle Sales Contract for selling a used car, and also the Permission to Use a Vehicle, in the event of you wanting to give somebody else permission to drive your car.

Make sure you pick up your copy of The Local Touch, which will be distributed around Torrevieja, Orihuela Costa, Quesada, Los Montesinos, La Marina, etc, and then come along to the expo to visit us and many other exhibitors who will be on hand throughout the weekend at the event which is mostly held indoors, and so the weather won’t affect us being there, it will give you somewhere sheltered to visit.

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### How and Why You Should Obtain your Eco Sticker

Although obtaining and displaying the Eco Badge is voluntary, it is becoming less of a choice on account of the benefits, as cities and towns start to use the classification to reduce pollution causing congestion.



Early in October, Madrid restricted access to parts of the city, preventing more polluting vehicles from entering, with only those displaying the eco-friendly badge allowed access, or a charge was levied on the vehicle owner, think of it more of a congestion charge, rather than a fine.

It is also becoming a requirement in order to sell your vehicle through some companies, and so the need is certainly increasing without mandatory enforcement.

The origin of the labels resides in the National Air Quality Plan 2013-2016. Its purpose is to classify vehicles according to the pollution they are emitting. Their purchase is possible at any post office, although you may have to wait a while depending on your vehicle due to the high demand.

In order to obtain your eco sticker, you have to go to the post office with the vehicle's registration certificate, the license plate number and ID of the owner or the authorisation of the owner if you are obtaining it on their behalf. The national vehicle database will be able to ascertain whether your vehicle is suitable for one of the four categories, Zero emissions, Eco, C and B.

You can also check the categorisation yourself by entering the registration number on the website set up by the DGT.

Once you have your sticker you then have to put it in the correct place on the windscreen, which , according to the DGT, is the lower right corner of the front windshield, as you’re looking out, so the ITV would be at the top right, the eco sticker at the bottom right. If this is not possible, any visible site is accepted, but may cause problems if it is not in the exact or visible location where observers might check.

### Another Baby Locked Inside Car

In the latest of what seems to be an increasing number of incidents, fire fighters have been called to rescue another baby locked inside a car.



The latest incident occurred on Friday morning in Zaragoza, when rescuers were called to a vehicle on calle Monsterio de Siresa, according to the emergency services.

The mother of the baby had exited the vehicle and walked to the boot in order to remove the pushchair. When she then tried to open the doors to take the child out she found that they were locked, with both the baby and the keys inside.

The mother had said that the doors to the car were locked automatically, and that she was therefore unable to open the vehicle as the keys were inside.

The woman immediately called the 112 emergency services who sent fire fighters to the scene. The baby was being comforted by his mother at all times, and was seen to be in good health when the fire fighters arrived, and so they chose to try to open one of the doors of the vehicle, rather than smashing a window.

One of the rescuers managed to get one of the windows of the car down, and after more than half an hour, at around 11.50, they managed to open the vehicle.

This is the second case in a week, the previous one being in Santander, when fire fighters were forced to break a window to free a baby girl.

Luckily, the events in Zaragoza and Santander had a much happier ending than the one that occurred in the city of Madrid at the beginning of the month, in which a one-year-old girl died after spending several hours locked in the vehicle after an oversight the child’s father.

That tragic death was the second in a few months in Spain in similar circumstances. On August 10, in the Mallorcan town of Manacor, another 10-month-old baby died after spending several hours locked in the car in the sun after being forgotten by her grandfather.

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### N332 Will be at the Expo Torrevieja

Next weekend, members of N332 will be at the Expo Torrevieja, prepared to answer any questions or doubts you have about driving in Spain.



The exhibition is being held in the International Auditorium in Torrevieja, and is open from 10:00 a.m. until 3:00 p.m., on Saturday 20th and Sunday 21st of October.

The event is free to get in and offers a wide range of goods and services from local businesses, as well as a special area dedicated to community groups and associations.

Members of N332 will be on hand throughout the weekend at our stand, kindly donated to us by the organisers.

Whatever your doubt, whatever your questions, come along and ask. Or just to say hello, we are looking forward to meeting with you at the Expo Torrevieja.
By the way, if you have a business and you would like to attend the event too, the organisers tell us that they can make space for you, so get in touch with them and reserve your stand. Hurry though, time is running out, and remember to tell them that N332 sent you.
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### ‘White Stick’ Variations - Being Aware of Impairments

We might already be aware that if we see a person holding or walking carrying a long, white stick that it indicates the person has visibility problems, but did you know there are variations and different colours.



 	Green stick - Person with visual impairment: Poor vision.
 	White stick - Person with visual disability: Blindness.
 	Red and white striped stick: Deaf and blind person.

Caution should always be exercised near pedestrians, but those using these sticks, or assistance animals, should be afforded even greater care. The sticks and dogs are used to assist them in navigating their way around their otherwise restrictive world, but they also serve as an indication to others of their particular impairment.

### Catalan Truck Protests on Thursday

If you’re driving through Catalonia on Thursday, you may find your journey delayed, as truckers hold protests at various locations across the 4 provinces.



The truckers are complaining over enforced routes that take them off the main road network and onto the faster, but more expensive, toll roads.

The Catalan government enforced the restrictions from September, prohibiting the movement of trucks through the N-340 and N-240 national roads in the provinces of Tarragona, Lleida and Barcelona, forcing a diversion to the toll motorway AP-7 and AP-2 respectively.

This is in addition to the restriction in force since April 2013 in the province of Girona, which prohibits the movement of trucks on the N-II and the compulsory detour to the AP-7.

In all cases the trucks are offered a discount on the toll roads, however this discount is not even 50% of the total price.

In addition to the restrictions on the main road network, since the start of the summer, Barcelona city council also prohibited trucks of more than 18 tons by the Ronda del Litoral (B-10) and the Ronda de Dalt (B-20) with other restrictions in different areas too.

The truckers are protesting all of these measures, with “absolute rejection and indignation”, according to the hauliers associations who agreed the action earlier this week.

The protests will be in the form of protest marches and slow moving trucks on Thursday 11 October, from 17:00, that will be coordinated to affect the following roads:

In Barcelona, the exit from the Port from the Ronda Litoral (B-10) and AP-7 in the direction of Ruby.

In Girona, the N-II until the change of direction of the C-25 and up the toll of the AP-7 in Girona Nord and the C-66 towards Banyoles.

In Tarragona, the A-7, N-340 and AP-7.

In Lleida, the N-240 and AP-2.

### Baby Rescued after being Locked in Car

Fire fighters from the Santander Provincial Consortium rescued a baby who had been trapped inside a vehicle in the Cantabrian capital.



It was the child’s mother who alerted the authorities of the incident, when she called for assistance from the underground car park at the University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla.

According to the details of the report from the incident which took place on Monday, the child was not at immediate risk inside the vehicle, but the incident serves as a warning of how quickly a situation can develop.

The woman said that it was the little girl, just one year old, who took the keys from inside her mother's purse. As the mother was about to take her out of the car, the girl pressed the button on the remote control key, closing the doors, becoming trapped inside.

The mother instantly contacted the 112 emergency coordination centre who dispatched a rescue unit to the scene.

The rescue operation consisted of breaking a small glass window on the vehicle in order to open the doors.

Fortunately, the quick reaction of the authorities avoided major problems. Last week, another one-year-old girl was found dead inside a vehicle in the district of Hortaleza, in Madrid.

The authorities confirmed that the tragic event was caused by the father of the child forgetting to take the child to nursery and, after arriving at his place of work, got out of the car without thinking about his daughter. Hours later, the authorities found the girl's lifeless body.

A similar situation happened in August.

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### General Seat Belt Checks

To coincide with last week's campaign which aimed at ensuring seat belts and child restraint systems are used correctly, we went to the Autos Direct Bosch Service Centre in San Miguel to see what checks can be done ourselves.

AutosDirect.es offer a pre-ITV service check which aims to take away the worry about your car failing it's ITV (MOT).

Their technicians will check your car to make sure it sails through the test, and is and safe condition.

You can call the Bosch Service department directly on 966 843 444 to book your appointment.

Meanwhile, you can see Zoe's tips for checking your seat belts yourself.





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### Vehicle Thefts Out of Control

The theft of a motor vehicle is one of the most distressing and costly losses that an owner can suffer, not only because of the fact it can affect anybody, but because it can happen at any time and at any place.



Like most countries, the theft of a vehicle is not considered a priority by the security services, not because of a lack of desire to investigate and penalise those involved, but largely because of a lack of resources available and other priorities taking over, and the number of incidents taking place on a regular basis.

According to sources at the Ministry of the Interior, in 2017 more than 42,000 vehicles were stolen in Spain, a total which translates to 116 every day.

Statistically, some 28 percent of vehicle thefts are detected, the vehicles returned to their lawful owners and suspects dealt with, but that sadly leaves 72 percent undetected. Most of the offences are by organised groups, who then ship and sell the vehicles abroad with false registration and documentation.

Despite the majority of crimes being organised, it is not only high end vehicles which are the subject of theft. In fact, all types of vehicles and models are affected, and, despite those stolen to order, the thieves usually do not have too many objections to stealing any vehicle they have at their disposal regardless of the model or brand.

Cars and vans are not the only vehicles at risk. Motorbikes are too. As a result, more owners are opting to purchase modern anti-theft systems for their motorcycles. These anti-theft devices are often in the form of an anchor device that guarantees the motorcycle will not move from the place where it is left and, therefore, effectively prevents the theft by a third party .

That said, it is often victims of this type of theft who later turn to devices for their subsequent replacement vehicle, as they don’t want to go through a similar experience ever again, a situation which could have been avoided if the devices were installed in the first place.

Despite the concerning figures that only one out of every four stolen vehicles are recovered, it is still a necessity to report vehicle theft to the authorities. Reporting is essential for an investigation to begin and to prevent traffic infractions or even crimes committed with the vehicle from pointing to the lawful and innocent owner.

The only advice is to always ensure that your vehicle is locked with nothing on value on show. If you have one, always keep vehicles in garages or install anti-theft systems. As well as traditional alarms and anti-theft devices, there are also more modern devices such as those which monitor the vehicle’s location by GPS, and link to smartphones apps. The app can be alerted to such movements as the vehicle being taken at certain times or from certain places, and even if the vehicle travels to different areas or above a certain speed, thus also allowing monitoring of driving of family members for example.

Keep your vehicle locked and secure, and if the worst case does happen, report it as soon as possible.

### Reduced Speed Limits and More Radars Promised

Following a tragic summer on the roads of Spain, another disappointing buck to the trend of reducing fatalities, it is becoming increasingly clear to the DGT that a lack or responsible action by drivers can only be combated through further enforcement.

Spain's newest anti-speeding tool, VELOLASER

The Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, is making it very clear, that the only way of dealing with the growing problem is by forcing more responsible driving and, for those still not prepared to slow down, more chance of them being hit in the pocket through fines.

During the latest meeting of the Road Safety Commission of the Congress, Pere Navarro has proposed to unify at 90 kilometres per hour maximum speed limit on all secondary or conventional roads, as these roads are the location for the majority of serious and fatal incidents, in  fact some 76% of all fatalities are on this type of road. Currently, on roads with a hard shoulder of 1.5 metres or more, the limit is currently 100 kilometres per hour.

Slowing down secondary roads is not a new project, Pere Navarro himself acknowledged that his predecessors had tried without success. We are one of the few countries in Europe (along with Romania, Poland, Ireland, Germany, and Austria) with the highest limit is 100 kilometres per hour. In most European countries, the maximum limit is 90, and some it is 80 kilometres per hour.

However, to demonstrate that this measure works, Pere Navarro gave France as an example, where after three consecutive years of increase in deaths, after the lowering of the maximum limit to 80 kilometres per hour, the number of incidents was reduced by 8.4 percent in May, 9.3 in June, and 5.5 in July.

However, reducing maximum permitted speed limits is only successful if drivers then abide by the change. Still, one of the leading contributing factors to road traffic incidents, one of the #Fatal4, is inappropriate speed. Therefore, along with a reduction in limits, additional enforcement is also promised.

Whilst still feeling the need to apologise, Pere Navarro suggested increasing the number of radars for speed control. "Sorry, but it is the only way we have," he said, before comparing the 7,200 devices in the United Kingdom and 4,000 in France, with just 1,000 in Spain. He already promised this action upon resuming his duties at the DGT, "if we want to advance in road safety we have to increase the number of radars".

Such increases require investment of course, which is one of the benefits of those already caught, who may not be aware that such devices as radars are self funding, with money raised through fines in Spain being invested in such devices and other road safety initiatives.



As for the quantity, as Pere Navarro used France as an example, to match the number of radars per capita, Spain would need over a thousand more radars, to being the total up to 2,800. Using the UK as a comparison, Spain would have to increase the number of radars to 5,200.



The country with the highest rate of radars per million inhabitants is Belgium with 206, Finland with 169 and Sweden with 135. Currently, Spain with just 19 per million inhabitants is way down that list, although the figure doesn’t include the mobile units operated by the DGT and local and regional police.

### October is Tyre Safety Month

Once again, as the winter is fast approaching, N332 RoadWatch are supporting what was a U.K. based campaign focusing on one of the most crucial elements of a car, one which is so easy to check, and yet one which is so often neglected, as we join in with recognising that October is TYRE SAFETY MONTH.



TyreSafe’s latest campaign reveals it’s actually the summer months when Britain’s motorists are more likely to be involved in a tyre-related incident.

As well as on our website, n332.es , you can get a whole wealth of information from the official website, tyresafe.org.

The key message for this year’s campaign, taken from tyresafe.org, is:

The need for the annual tyre safety campaign in October has once again been underlined by the research carried out by the TyreSafe team and the evidence collated. TyreSafe and tyre safety awareness depend on support to drive the change in attitudes needed to help reduce the number of tyre-related incidents on our roads.

Checking your own tyres is not as difficult as you might think, and we have created a short video that shows you how to perform some basic checks, recorded at the Bosch Service Centre at Autos Direct in San Miguel de Salinas.

You should perform these checks at least one per month, maintaining the tyre pressure when you do, and with just a few minutes of dedicated time, you could be saving a lifetime of worry, or worse.

Take a look at the video, which, as well as being on our website, n332.es, is on YouTube where you can also subscribe to our channel, and see how easy it is. Of course, if you don’t want to check them yourself, it does mean getting your hands a little dirty, then pop along to Autos Direct in San Miguel and let one of the mechanics there check for you.


 

 

### Belt Up! Seat Belt Campaign Starts Monday

Starting on Monday, the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by their colleagues in the police, will be out in force to ensure the correct use and operation of seat belts and child restraint systems in vehicles.



In 2014 (the last year of consolidated data), the number of unbelted deaths accounted for 24% of the total, with some 194 of the 822 people in cars and vans who lost their lives, not wearing a seat belt, despite knowing the importance of doing so.

The object of the campaign is to raise awareness about the importance of the use of seat belts and child restraint systems, to prevent injuries caused during a serious incident. The use of seat belts and the SRI reduces the chances of death by almost 50 percent in the case of an incident. The seat belt is both useful and mandatory for any journey, long or short, urban or interurban, and in both the front seats as in the rear.

Statistically, approximately 25 percent of fatalities on roads do not use seat belts. This percentage exceeds 30 percent when it comes to urban roads.

In addition to the officers on patrol during the campaign, the new cameras and detectors are in place across the country watching for seat belt use, and the Pegasus equipped helicopters will be watching form the sky..

The latest roadside cameras take a series of pictures. The images are electronically sent to a control centre which then processes them and sends a sanction to the vehicle owner who then faces a 200 euro fine and the loss of 3 points.



It is the aim of the DGT to reduce this figure to zero by making the use of seat belts and appropriate child restraint systems 100% for all vehicle occupants.

The focus of the campaign will not only be those who should know better about looking out for their own safety, but also those who should be looking out for those more vulnerable, namely adults who carry children in the vehicles.

In 2014, 2 out of the 14 children under 12 years who died in cars or vans were not wearing any safety device at the time of the incident. In addition, 9 out of 82 seriously injured, and 107 of those who suffered minor injuries were not correctly restrained. From that data, 118 children suffered unnecessary injury or death as a result of the supposedly responsible adults not showing due care.

On account of the seriousness that the DGT takes such actions, traffic officers can immobilise a vehicle if a child is found to be travelling without the correct restraint system in use.

It is also important to remember that children under 135 centimetres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats of vehicles and must be properly restrained by a device appropriate to their height and weight.

The proper wearing of seat belts and restraint systems is also vital to their correct use. All occupants in a vehicle must wear a seat belt, whether they are in the front or the back, although some people incorrectly believe that wearing a seat belt in the back is not necessary, it is, and it is also mandatory. If a person in a rear seat is not wearing a seat belt they are 8 times more likely to kill the person in a seat in front of them.

Wearing a seat belt is statistically proven to half the risk of death if involved in a collision as it also helps to distribute the force of the impact across the body and not directly at more vulnerable parts of the body. A seat belt prevents the occupant being ejected from a vehicle, saving them from more serious injury.

 

### How Much is Too Much?

Local Police in Seville sanctioned a driver for a number of offences, a driver who had originally thought that the angels-of-bargains were shining down!



The officers observed the driver of a light passenger van talking on their mobile and so decided to stop the vehicle.

They then noticed that the vehicle, which was displaying novice driver identification plates, as well as a Baby on Board sign, appeared overloaded.

The driver said that they had been taking advantage of the IVA free day (tax free day) at the local supermarket, and so stocked up with 442 litres of beer.

The offences were reported and it would appear that the angels-of-bargains had now moved on.







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### New Motor Fuel Labels Coming this Autumn

In October, Spain is set to join in the new European Fuel Labelling Standard, which means that motor fuel pumps and new vehicles will have different labels attached, labels aimed at making it easier for consumers to choose the correct type of fuel for their vehicle.



As now, the labels will be grouped into three principal categories, what we would know now as petrol, diesel, and others, such as gas.

European Standard EN 16942 aims to provide information to consumers on the compatibility between their vehicles and the fuels available at the pump.



The standard ensures that a fuel identification label be placed close to the nozzle as well as on the nozzle itself, and these labels will be standardised across the continent.

The three categories will each have a unique shape of label, which is then broken down into the different compatibility types.

The labels are:

Petrol: Petrol-type fuels have the letter E as a symbol and a number corresponding to the percentage of the maximum ethanol content. The symbol is a circle, displaying E5, E10 and E85.

Diesel: Diesel type fuels have the letter B as symbol and a number corresponding to the maximum Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME), or biodiesel content. The symbol is square, displaying B7, B10 and XTL.

Gas: A diamond symbol displaying H2 (hydrogen), CNG (compressed natural gas), LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) and LNG (liquefied natural gas).



The last category of “alternative” fuels means fuels or power sources which serve, at least partly, as a substitute for fossil oil sources in the fuel supply to transport and which have the potential to contribute to its decarbonisation and enhance the environmental performance of the transport sector.

However, for most drivers at the moment, the former two are the most important, and although the pumps for petrol and diesel will still be clearly defined, you will now be more aware of exactly what sort of tiger you´re putting into your tank (many other fuel supply companies are available).

### Police Rammed by Drug Traffickers

Officers from the National Police were forced to give chase to a fugitive vehicle through the streets of Elche (Alicante), after the car rammed them at a checkpoint in an attempt to evade detection.

 



 

The officers were involved in a routine checkpoint when a vehicle was seen acting suspiciously on approach. Apparently noting the presence of the police, the vehicle accelerated towards them at high speed and rammed through the barricades.

Officers, who are specially trained to deal with such an incident, immediately gave chase through the streets, where the suspect vehicle “zigzagged” at high speed through any obstacle in its path, ignored red lights and traffic signs, and failed to stop when requested by the officers in pursuit.

However, it wasn´t long before the vehicle led the officers into a dead end, and so the suspects became hemmed in by their own navigational failures.

The officers approached the suspect vehicle, when the two occupants made one final bin for freedom, this time on foot, attempting to kick and stamp the officers and kick their vehicles, which were blocking the escape route, before the police successfully restrained and detained them.

The two people detained, both male and of Algerian and Spanish nationality, aged 25 and 32 respectively, were arrested by the officers who then carried out a search of the vehicle. The officers seized a bag containing more than half a kilo of marijuana hidden on the underside of the front passenger seat.

The detainees have been made available to the courts in Elche, the passenger charged with a crime against public health and driver for two crimes against public health, traffic safety and damage to the police vehicle.

"Nothing to Hide, Nothing to Fear" - This incident is a reminder that sharing the location of police checkpoints only helps to serve those who are not acting within the law. Had this vehicle´s occupants been warned, they might never have been caught. Never warn about checkpoints.

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### Get Off Your Phone!!!

The DGT will launch a special campaign this week, aimed at clamping down on one of the primary contributing factors to road traffic collisions, using a mobile phone whilst driving.



The campaign will start on Monday 17 September, running all week and through the weekend, with officers from the Guardia Civil, supported by colleagues in the regional and local police, launcing special checkpoints around the road network, as well as monitoring from the air, fron both helicopters and drones.

During the campaign, a charitable organisation will be lending their support to officers trying to raise awareness of the dangers of mobile phone use whilst driving, which is the ASPAYM federation who deal with people with spinal cord injuries and physical disabilities, a real risk in road traffic incidents.

Mobile phone use has become one of the major contributing factors to road traffic incidents, one of the infamous “Fatal Four”, which still remains a problem, mostly due to the development of smart phones and a need to stay connected to our social media.

Spain already has a network of smart cameras aimed at combating the plague which haunts road users. These cameras look for things like vehicle occupants not wearing seatbelts, and those using a mobile.

The action of “using a mobile phone” is also seemingly confusing for some, including here in Spain. Just because it is not near your ear, or you are holding in on “speaker” does not constitute safe practice, you are still using your mobile. The same applies to updating social media or using WhatsApp, the actions still cause distractions and are not allowed.

We must also remember that in Spain, the use of Bluetooth earpieces and headsets is also banned whilst driving. The only safe way of using a mobile is by having a true hands-free device in the vehicle, although still can still be a distraction.

Currently, if you´re caught using your mobile phone in Spain you face a 200 euro fine and the loss of 3 points.

### Vehicles Trapped by Floods across Valencia

Fire fighters across Valencia have been called to rescue vehicle occupants trapped by floods on Saturday morning.



Overnight storms that continued into the morning caused significant surface water, which peaked at its problematic stage a little before 8:00 in the morning.

Five vehicles became trapped on the road between the Carrefour supermarket and Aquopolis water park in Torrevieja, all rescued by fire fighers based just down the road.

Across the region, there were 30 rain-related incidents that the rescuers were called to, although only another three resulted in their intervention.

A van carrying two people became trapped in a tunnel in the Valencia town of Catarroja, a family travelling in their car became trapped as their vehicle sunk into the ground, wheels spinning in the mud, in Alfafar, and in Manises, fire fighters assisted in a house rescue.

In addition to the rescues, lightning struck a tree in Cox which caused a fire, this took Orihuela fire fighters two hours to extinguish.

Although the rain has eased, vigilance still needs to be exercised as there is still a lot of surface water about. At times of heavy rain, it is best to avoid driving unless necessary, but if you do have to go out, allow extra time for your journey, and always drive at an appropriate speed, maintaining a safe distance.

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### Do You Know the Latest Changes to Traffic Law?

In a world in which we have to adapt to technological advances which are developing at an alarming rate, traffic laws also have to change constantly to keep up with many of these advances.

Not only that, roads appear to be becoming more deadly, with a once declining trend in deaths and serious injuries, these now seem to be on the increase again, and so governments must act, as if education hasn´t worked, enforcement is the only option.

What changes have been implemented this year so far? What can we expect soon? These questions, and others are answered in the latest presentation by the N332 team, who are starting touring the local area with the Road Safety Roadshow.



Between now and the new year, we are taking bookings to visit various social and community groups and give a talk on road safety.

If you represent a group, and can get at least 50 people together (more is better) at your local venue, then get in touch if you would like us to add you to our schedule.

We already have some bookings for the season, and are talking with other group representatives, but we are always happy to visit more.

If you are interested, send us an email to news@n332.es and we can start the process and add you to our schedule.

By the way, this is a new presentation again for 2018/2019, and so if we have visited you in the past, we are happy to return, just get in touch with us again.

This season we are also pleased to be supported by Spain´s leading property sales and rental company, Casas Espania, who are providing the vehicles that enable our volunteers to visit the locations. Click the link to learn more about them.

We look forward to visiting you this autumn and winter period, and updating you on the latest changes.

### Santa Pola Mirror Smashers Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil are investigating a trend which is starting to spread through social media, where plaudits are earned by smashing vehicle´s mirrors and posting the results of both the act and the damage on the internet.



So far, three people have been arrested in Santa Pola (Alicante), all of them male, two of them technically children, on suspicion of nine offences of causing damage to vehicles, according to a statement from the Guardia Civil.

The evidence suggests that the three young men, two of them 17 and the third 18, caused damage to vehicles by smashing the mirrors, and then disseminated videos through social networks, which of course led to a “massive disapproval from the owners”.

So far, nine vehicles have been identified as being damaged, the repair of two of them already costing more than 1,600 euro.

On Sunday, September 9, several vehicles parked in the street were damaged, mostly in the mirrors, and videos recorded on mobile phones showed what appeared to be the identified arrestees kicking the vehicles and then bragging about their actions.

Eventually, realising the backlash that spread through social media and that the Guardia Civil were investigating the offences, the suspects, “decided to voluntarily present themselves at the offices of the Guardia Civil in Santa Pola, where they were arrested on suspicion of up to nine offences of causing intentional damage.

After giving their statements, the three were released and the case referred to the courts in Elche, and, in the case of the younger two, to the Juvenile Prosecutor in Alicante.

The overall assessment of the damage is yet to be determined, and will be based on expert analysis of the damage, but so far, it is known that the figure is, “more than 1,600 euro for the repair of two of the vehicles,” according to the Guardia Civil, and will increase once the other 7 have been assessed, although the investigators have not ruled out identifying more vehicles.

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### Summer Fatalities Increased by Fifteen Percent

During the summer months of July and August, 259 people lost their lives on the roads of Spain, 34 more deaths than in the same period last year, representing an increase of 15%.


In July, 2018, there were 127 deaths due to traffic incidents on interurban roads, which showed an increase of 6 deaths compared to July last year. In the month of August, 2018, 132 people died in a traffic related incident, 28 more than in August of last year.

In terms of those who were injured to such an extent that they required hospitalisation, 491 people were injured in July and 413 in August.






Since the beginning of the period of monitoring, the summer of 2001, the data shows how there were 845 deaths in that first year. In the summer of 2010, there were 362 deaths, and 2014 saw the record low of 220 deaths, although still far too many. Since the year 2012, the number of deaths in the summer has varied in the range of between 220 to 260, thus averaging 240, and so this year´s 259 is well over that average number of deaths.

AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITIES OF SPAIN.

With respect to comparison of this year with the summer of 2017, the autonomous communities that have seen an increase in the number of deaths have been: Comunitat Valenciana (+13), Galicia (+11), Aragón and Castilla y León (+7), Canarias (+6), Catalonia, Comunidad Foral de Navarra and Basque Country (+3) and Región de Murcia (+1).

Andalusia, Principality of Asturias, Illes Balears, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, Extremadura, Comunidad de Madrid and La Rioja presented decreases in regards to the number of deaths in traffic related incidents in the summer of 2018 in respect of 2017.



ACCUMULATION FOR THE YEAR

Since the beginning of the year until the 31 of August, 799 people have lost their lives, 24 more than in the same period of the previous year.

 

CHARACTERISTICS OF INCIDENTS

 	Distribution of deaths by type of road:




Deceased (24h)

2017


2018


Differences 2018/2017



Highways and motorways

51


61


10



Roads

174


198


24



Total

225


259


34




*76% of fatalities were on secondary roads.

 	Distribution of deaths by type of incident:




Deceased (24h)

2017


2018


Differences 2018/2017



A front-end collision

64


53


-11



Side-impact collision and frontolateral

28


40


12



Rear-end collision and multiple

22


13


-9



Leaving the road

77


108


31



Rollover

6


1


-5



Hit a pedestrian

16


24


8



Another type

12


17


5



Without specifying

0


3


3



Total

225


259


34





 	Distribution of incident types on interurban roads:





Distribution %


Road conventional. Year 2018



A front-end collision

29%



Side-impact collision and frontolateral

15%



Rear-end collision and multiple

2%



Leaving the road

37%



Rollover

1%



Hit a pedestrian

10%



Another type

5%



Without specifying

1%



Total

100%




• Distribution of deceased by means of displacement:



Means of displacement

2017


2018


Differences 2018/2017


Percentage distribution



Pedestrians

15


23


8


9%



Bike

7


8


1


3%



Moped

7


6


-1


2%



Motorcycle

54


52


-2


20%



Vulnerable users

68


66


-2


34%



Rest

157


193


36


66%



Total

225


259


34


100%




• Distribution of deaths according to age:




Age group


2017


2018


Dist % 2018


Differences 2018/2017



Up to 14 years

5


5


2%


0



15 to 24 years

30


35


14%


5



25 to 34 years

36


47


18%


11



35 to 44 years old

44


40


15%


-4



45 to 54 years old

43


40


15%


-3



55 to 64 years

39


40


15%


1



65 to 74 years

14


22


8%


8



75 to 84 years

8


16


6%


8



85 years and over

6


8


3%


2



Unknown

0


6


2%


6



Total

225


259


100%


34



65 and over

28


46


18%


18





 	Safety devices:

29 people killed in passenger cars were not using a seat belt at the time of the incident, which represents 23% of the total number of deceased in that type of vehicle.

Regarding the use of helmets, 1 moped rider and 2 other motorbike riders were not wearing a helmet at the time of the incident. In the case of the cyclists who died, all of them used a helmet.

The 5 children under the age of 12 years who died in passenger cars, or vans were using safety accessories.

DISPLACEMENT

During the months of July and August, there have been 88.5 million long-haul journeys by road, with an average of 2.8 million daily journeys, which represents an increase of 1% in respect of the journeys that were recorded last summer (87,7 million).

In July, there were 42.3 million long-distance movements, a decrease  of 1% compared to July of last year.

In August, the increase was of 3% compared to the same month of the previous year. Specifically, in August, there were 46.3 million trips compared to the 44.9 million registered in August last year.

PREVENTIVE CAMPAIGNS

During the summer months, the DGT has deployed an intense activity of supervision and control of movement through different campaigns and actions.

During the two summer months, there were four special campaigns where they have intensified the surveillance of motorcycles, vans, speed and alcohol and other drugs.

The first of these campaigns saw the intensification of the surveillance of the conditions and manner in which motorcycles move. The officers from the Guardia Civil controlled 14.680 riders, who are responsible for 393. 80% of complaints on conventional roads.

The second of these campaigns had as its goal the intensification of the surveillance of the conditions and movement of vans. In five days, traffic officers detected 136 drivers of vans with the presence of alcohol or drugs in their body, 98 of them testing positive for alcohol and 38 for different types of drugs. In total, 37,200 people in vans were checked, of which 3,151 (8.5%) of drivers were reported for violating some form of traffic law.

In August, the month in which additional displacements are produced by road, the officers intensified checks on excessive or inappropriate speed, mainly on secondary roads. During that week (6 to 12 August) more than 380,000 vehicles were monitored, and 18.312 were reported by driving at speeds higher than permitted.

During the bridging holiday of August 15, there were increased controls on alcohol and other drugs, performing more than 64,500 tests. In three days, 1.133 drivers were detected behind the wheel having consumed some form of psychoactive substance.

VULNERABLE AND INAPPROPRIATE SPEED

The Director General of Traffic has noted that the data invites us to concentrate efforts on the roads, in the control of speed and distractions, and in the protection of vulnerable users.

Before the end, the Director General of Traffic has thanked "the effort and dedication of those who work every day for a safer mobility (agents of the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil, staff of the Traffic Management Centres and helicopter patrols, as well as all the staff of the services and maintenance of roads, and emergency services). He also wanted to thank the majority of drivers for their prudence and responsibility that they put behind the wheel".


 

### Can I Dial 999 to Summon Help in Spain?

There are many questions we come across on a regular basis which have become embedded in popular culture, shared through social networks, like the bar and pub of old, and the internet sites of new, and have become firmly fixed in many a people's mind. But that belief can also have potentially serious consequences, if the information is wrong.



Can I Dial 999 to summon the emergency services in Spain?

NO!

The European emergency number is 112. Please get that number firmly embedded in your mind, 112.

It is true that if you have a UK mobile phone, even without credit or contract, it can be used in an emergency, but if you're in a European country (not the UK), the number which works is 112.

All mobile operators are committed to ensuring that emergency contact is available, irrespective of if you have credit. You may, on occasion, have seen your phone status saying something like, "Emergency Only". If you try to phone your mum to ask her to warm your spaghetti hoops up because you're "starving", that's not a real emergency and your phone won't work if in emergency mode. But if you are in serious need of assistance, dialing 112 will put you through to the emergency operators, who do speak English in Spain by the way.

Similarly, many smartphones have a locked function to protect our data. That locked function can often be bypassed in an emergency, but only for summoning help.

If you are in Spain, or any other European country, the number to remember is 112. Repeat with us, "in an emergency, dial 112", and forget what you may have heard about that other three digit number.

The 9th of September, is recognised as 999 day in the UK, which is why we thought it appropriate to mention.

Admittedly a poor relation in terms of the play on dates to the European equivalent, today is the day when the UK recognises the work of the emergency services, first responders and after carers.

The emergency service workers are often the hidden heroes, sometimes hated, sometimes mocked, but always, ALWAYS there when you need them, without fear or prejudice.

If you're out and about today and see one not engaged in an emergency role (even in Spain), take a second and simply say, "thank you for your work".

This isn't Love Island, Strictly or X-Factor, this is real life where otherwise ordinary people don an invisible cape of commitment to protect each and every one of us at our worst possible moments.

We salute you all, on the 9th of September (told you it's no 11th of February), our gratitude goes to the tireless workers who deal with every step of our journey from when we first call 999 (9/9 as opposed to 11/2, you see), to when we walk away at the end, often thankful to be alive, often thanking a mythical bearded man who lives in the sky, but often forgetting the person who picked up the phone, who sent help, that help when it arrived, the transport we needed, the teams who cares for us and those who brought us back from the brink of whatever emergency we faced.

Enjoy your day emergency workers, we salute you, we thank you. Happy 999 day.

### Truck Driver in Lucky Blaze Escape

The driver of a truck laden with vegetables is no doubt counting his blessings after surviving a major incident involving his vehicle late on Friday night.



The fire service report that they were called to a vehicle blaze off the A-7 motorway, between Alicante and Elche, at around 02:45 in the early hours of Saturday morning.

The truck, carrying vegetables, left the A-7 motorway on a bridge and ended up on the EL-20 road below, after falling several metres, then bursting into flames.

The driver managed to escape the wreck uninjured, despite the severity of the incident.

The road was closed until around 06:30 whilst the wreck was cleared and the road was cleaned.

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### Other Healthier Ways to School

In addition to the car or school bus there are other ways of getting to school, ways which may offer a healthier alternative such as cycling or walking.



If you are cycling, remember that when you are on the road, your bicycle is a vehicle just like any other. That means that the laws that apply to car drivers, for example, also apply to cyclists.

You are not allowed to ride through red lights and you mustn´t use a mobile phone when cycling. In addition, the use of headphones, or anything that covers or plugs into the ear like headphones, is prohibited, and so you can´t listen to music either.

It is also mandatory that your bike has a bell and always, without exception, wear a helmet.

Be courteous on your bike, be aware of your surroundings at all times, and allow plenty of room if you are passing parked vehicles, looking out for anything or anyone who may be crossing between, and for car doors opening.

Be seen. Wear high visibility clothing. This is mandatory during times of poor visibility, such as darkness or rain, as is lights, but it is also advisable at all times. Also remember that the maximum number of cycles allowed side by side is 2, and only when no other vehicles need to pass. If there are other vehicles on the road, you must be in single file.

The same applies to walking. Be seen and walk in single file if no pavement exists.

If walking in a group at night, you must also use lights at the front and back.

Always be ware, alert and careful, and your journey to school can be healthy and fun, but always trying to make it as safe as it can be.

### Advice for those not on the school run

As we head into September and the great “back to school” event, we must also consider those not on the school run, or those without children who may now have a different experience on their journey than of late.



All road users must be reminded that traffic will increase at certain times of day as parents and guardians resume the school run. It is normal for traffic to increase in the mornings because of this, which in turn can result in delays. The same situation applies at the end of the school day, but at what time? Often, in Spain, schools operate a less robust timetable, adapting to such things as weather conditions and light, and so the school day often varies from season to season. All non-parents can do to prepare for this is be aware of the changing timetable and allow extra time for all journeys.

You will also now see more buses on the roads, those buses operating on the school run will display a pictogram which shows the type of service they are operating. This is not only useful for parents and guardians for spotting school buses, but acts as an indication to all road users that the service is a school bus, carrying children, and is therefore subject to a restricted speed, the maximum permitted speed must be reduced by 10 kilometres per hour, and, when it stops, children may wander into the road, so they must be given more space and attention.

If you approach a school bus which has stopped, slow down and take it easy, being extra observant and giving the bus more room than you might with other vehicles. There is a chance that some children may be late and run into the road to catch the bus, or those leaving the bus might wander around, oblivious to their surroundings, and so vigilance is crucial.

If a bus is indicating to pull out, let it. There may be a temptation to try to pass the bus, but courtesy is key, so please give way, if it´s safe to do so.

 

### On the School Run

If you are taking your children to school by car, remember that children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed in the front seats. There are one or two exceptions, which you can read about on the website, n332.es.



All occupants must be secured in the vehicle, by means of a seatbelt, or specially designed retention system suitable for them, that includes children. Those of a younger age must have a suitable seat which must be secured.

All objects must also be secure in the vehicle. That not only means their school bags, lunchboxes and football kit, but also that school project they have to take in, nearer the end of term.

When you arrive at the school drop off point, remember that the laws still apply to you, the same as any other driver. You are still not allowed to double park, block entrances, or park in an illegal place with your hazard lights on just because you are dropping off your children for school.

You must choose a safe, convenient and legal place to drop off your children. Where possible, ensure that they exit the vehicle on the pavement side, still warning them to be aware of their surroundings before opening the door. They may hit a pedestrian, item of street furniture, or another object, so they should be taught to be aware and alert before opening the door. If they have to leave on the road side, vigilance is even more important, they must check it is totally safe before opening the door, and must move to the pavement as soon as possible.

Remember, when you are about to pull away, pay extra attention to your surroundings too, including rigorous checks of your blind spots, as there could be children or other road users appearing from anywhere.

### Back to School on the Bus

As many parents and guardians prepare to send their little ones and not-so-little-ones off to the next stage of their educational development, it time once again to think about how to stay a little safer on that journey to and from school.



Every day, 230,000 students use buses to go to and from school, and with around 17,000 buses (some 40% of the entire private fleet) used as dedicated transport vehicles on the school run.

Generally speaking, using a bus for school transport is a safe means of travel, however, we can all consider how these vehicle occupants can become vulnerable, and hopefully, by being aware, avoid possible problems and injuries on the journey.

On the bus, if seatbelts are provided, they must be used. According to several studies, the use of a seatbelt whilst in a bus would reduce fatal injuries by 90% in the event of a head-on collision or rollover, since, correctly fastened, they prevent the passenger being projected from their seat and reduces impacts on the chest, abdomen and legs.

Since October 2007, all new buses must have seatbelts fitted, although that still leaves a lot of the fleet without seatbelts, many of those over 11 years old. The government has this year progressed a proposal to guarantee that all buses used on school runs must have seatbelts, although, as with all legislative changes, if this does become mandatory it is likely to take many years, at which time the antique fleet may also have been replaced with newer vehicles in which seatbelts are mandatory.

Trips from home to school can be a good time for the adult accompanying children to remind them of some messages about road safety, such as:

 	Never stop behind the bus.
 	Wait for the driver's signal and always cross at least three metres ahead.
 	Inside the bus, stay seated and with the seatbelt on, if it is installed.
 	Do not run when you get to the bus, or when leaving.
 	Obey the driver and the monitor.

In addition, parents should check the safety of the buses in which their children are travelling, and try to lobby the school to only hire buses with seatbelts and check that a monitor accompanies the children during the journey.

During late September, there will be an awareness campaign focussing on seatbelt and child restraint use, and the use of seatbelts on school buses (where fitted). The Guardia Civil, DGT, local and regional police will all be working together to check on these vehicles and the use of seatbelts, although in fairness, they should not have to enforce any laws which are designed with one single aim, so save lives.

### Diesel to be Taxed in 2019

The president of the Government, Pedro Sanchez, has advanced the preliminary draft of the state budgets for 2019, which includes a tax on diesel fuel.



During a radio interview with Cadena SER, Sánchez has said that the tax on diesel is part of the overall plan of sustainability and environmental protection, rather than a mere money making exercise. Sanchez indicated that there is an important challenge, which is climate change, for which, "Everything that has to do with the country's energy transition and sustainability, such as private mobility, which is highly polluting, will translate into an increase in tax," although he went on to add that this tax will not affect transport professionals.

Sánchez was also questioned about the ongoing dispute within the "hyper-regulated" taxi sector, and the problems where private hire vehicles, or “rental vehicles with driver” (VTC), in which "nothing is regulated", to which the President commented that he wishes to find a "balance point".

The number of VTC vehicles, those of firms such as Uber and Cabify, are increasing closer to the numbers of marked taxis, despite the officially agreed ration of one VTC to three taxis, on account of additional licences are being granted through court cases, in some areas the balance has become of huge difference.

The ministers responsible believe that this problem requires a solution, "although not definitive, that at they at least introduce rationalisation, fairness and equity in the treatment", which happens because it is the autonomous communities, and not the central government, that regulate this sector in their respective territories.

In this sense, Sánchez said that the taxi sector was "reasonably" satisfied with the measures announced by the Executive, which will materialise from the Ministry of Development in the "next few" days.

Facing other taxation questions, the President of the Government avoided ruling on whether there are plans to create a new tax on banks, as he had initially indicated, but he did confirm that the Government's proposal is a tax on financial transactions.

On the other hand, Sánchez insisted that there is a "great" margin to increase the revenue from Corporate Tax and for large companies to contribute more. He has reiterated that the Corporation Tax must have a minimum rate of 15%, because "this is fiscal justice".

### The Last Busy Weekend of Summer 2018

As summer 2018 is about to come to a close, this weekend marks the last busy weekends on the roads.



Starting at 15:00 on Friday, the DGT is preparing for an estimated 4.2 million journeys by road this weekend, in a special operation that will run until midnight on Sunday.

Operation “Retorno del Verano” will see most of the remaining domestic tourists return from the coastal and mountainous regions to their inland homes.

The main concentrations of traffic, will follow a few basic profiles:

 	Tourists returning from to large urban centres, which will happen all weekend, especially on Sunday.
 	Typical trips for a summer weekend to beaches, and leisure and retail areas.
 	Displacements towards other European countries of habitual residence.

 

As always during busy weekends like this, the special operation will see a number of protocols implemented to provide a smoother flow of traffic.

This will include:

 	The installation of additional and reversible lanes with cones at the busiest times on the main access roads to large cities.
 	The restriction of the movement of vehicles of dangerous goods, special transport and trucks in general and those that transport certain goods in certain sections, dates and times.
 	The paralysis of road works on the roads and limitation to the holding of sports events and other events involving the occupation of the road.
 	The provision of recommended alternate routes according to origin and destination, to avoid the downtown area, which is the one with the highest intensity and the design of itineraries from the coastal area to Madrid with distances and travel times.
 	The intensification of speed controls, with special attention to large excesses carried out by foreign vehicles, with the aim of reducing the incident rate caused by driving at inadequate or excessive speeds. The controls will be made at the roadside and from the air.

 

All available staff will be on duty throughout the weekend, including:

 	Around 6,000 traffic officers from the Guardia Civil who will ensure safety on the road, assist drivers who need it and monitor that safe driving is carried out, according to the rules of the road.
 	More than 600 officials and specialised technical personnel of the DGT in the seven Traffic Management Centres.
 	More than 13,000 employees of conservation and exploitation companies of the Ministry of Public Works and the rest of the road's licensees, as well as personnel from the emergency services.

 

Despite all of the measures being put in place, there is one factor still outside the direct control of the DGT, the actions and attitudes of individual drivers. It is important to be aware that the roads are shared spaces, and the responsibility for safe movement lies with every single road user.

According to the Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, “the device we have prepared, will have real meaning if all the different road users are aware of the responsibility we have when we get on the road... The actions we take on the road have a direct and chained impact on other road users, therefore prudence and respect for traffic regulations is essential."

BE PREPARED

You should plan your route before leaving, allowing extra time for your journey than you might think. You can follow the DGT on Twitter for up to date travel information, @informacionDGT and @DGTes, and monitor live traffic, updated every few minutes, at www.dgt.es.

Take breaks at least every two hours, and as soon as you start to feel tired, as fatigue and sleep whilst driving are a continual cause of incidents.

Do not drink alcohol or use drugs when driving. Although alcohol limits exist, the best advice is always to consume zero if you´re driving. Alcohol and drugs both can have deadly consequences.

Respect the maximum permitted speed limits on each road and maintain the safety distance with the preceding vehicle.

Keep all the occupants of the vehicle secure, ensuring they wear a seatbelt on all journeys, remembering also that children under 135 cm in height must sit in the rear seats and with an appropriate child restraint system.

Pay special attention to motorcycles, and cycles, as they are especially vulnerable, especially on curves and on secondary roads. Motorcyclists and cyclists, remember to adhere to the rules too.

Remember that if you are going to overtake a cyclist, the law requires that you keep a minimum lateral separation of 1.5 metres as you pass, and you must not endanger or hinder the progress of cyclists.

### Bragging Social Media Speeder Investigated

Officers from the Guardia Civil are investigating a 19-year-old resident of Torrevieja for a crime against road safety, after he took to social media bragging about driving at 240 kilometres per hour.



The Spanish national allegedly posted a video on social media showing his BMW vehicle travelling at 230 kilometres per hour on the A-35 motorway as it passes through Vallada in the Valencia province.

The video, which was recorded by somebody else in the vehicle, went viral and was seen be officers from the Local Police in Torrevieja, who identified the male, “without a doubt”, as he had been arrested on a number of occasions for other offences.

The Local Police officers brought the facts to the attention of the Guardia Civil, who immediately began to locate the driver and vehicle.

Investigators were also able to identify the precise road where the footage was filmed, and identify elements which would allow them to calculate the exact speed and location.

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### La Vuelta 2018 may Disrupt San Javier Airport Traffic

A stage of the La Vuelta 2019 cycle race will start at Torrevieja´s salt lakes, meanwhile, this year´s race will hit Los Alcázares and San Javier this week.



On Thursday, 30 August, a rapid stage of the race will cover much of the Murcia coast, from south to north.

The race will pass through Los Alcázares, along the dual carriageway which passes the emergency centre, near to urbanisation Oasis, before heading to San Javier along the N-332 as it runs parallel to the AP-7 motorway.

The roads will be closed in the area, which may affect access and egress so Murcia-San Javier airport, so if you are heading for a flight, allow extra time for your journey.

Incidentally, the route will not pass through Los Narejos as was previously planned.

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### Speeding Drugged Driver Caught

The provincial police of La Rioja arrested a resident of Logroño, after he was clocked travelling at 180 kilometres per hour through Estella.



According to a report from the Policía Foral, the events took place at dawn, when a routine patrol witnessed a passenger car travelling at excessive speed.

The police activated their lights and siren and followed the vehicle, which ignored them for several minutes until finally stopping at the junction with the Navarra highway, in the Merkatondoa area.

The driver, a 35-year-old resident of Logroño, said that he had not stopped earlier because he was scared, as his driving licence had already been withdrawn.

The officers then subjected the driver to a drug test, which confirmed that he had used cannabis, amphetamines and methamphetamines.

The driver was reported for a crime against road safety, and administrative offences.

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### Just When You Think Things Can Only Get Better!

When the driver of a delivery van was involved in a minor collision in Navarrés, the driver didn´t realise his day was about to get a whole lot worse.



As the tow truck was in the process of recovering the van, it suffered some kind of failure, resulting in the van, which had already suffered front-end damage, rolling backwards off the truck.

As the van gained speed, it headed towards a brick wall, which it then promptly destroyed before becoming embedded and stopped by the building it surrounded, the local Guardia Civil barracks.



Luckily nobody was injured in either of the incidents, other than a few explanations having to be given as to how the vehicle became so unfortunately jinxed.

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### Free Driver Eye Checks in Torrevieja

Before the summer we reported on a network of opticians who were offering free eye tests specifically aimed at drivers. Now, thanks to their collaboration with N332, we are pleased to tell you that Clinica La Siesta in has extended the campaign, and will offer checkups at the clinic in Torrevieja.



From the results of a recent survey, it was revealed that more than two million drivers recognise that they have vision problems, and despite that, "two out of three drivers consider that their vision affects their road safety".

The study highlights that most drivers recognise that their vision has worsened in recent years, and they notice it especially at night (30%), and when it comes to clearly seeing road signs (17%)

The test, specifically created for drivers, differs from the prescription test as it looks for the most typical problems that cause issues for drivers.

For more information, you can contact the clinic direct by phone on 966 78 41 95, WhatsApp on 692 13 41 36, or via their website, clinicalasiesta.com, and the entire team at the clinic speak English, so you don´t have to worry about the language barrier.

The clinic is located in the La Siesta urbanisation in Torrevieja, on Calle Rossini, where they have ample parking available and are just off the main road which links Torrevieja with Quesada, turning right if you are coming from Torrevieja centre at the roundabout after Hiperber supermarket where there are two Chinese restaurants.

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### Airport Access Road Widening takes Step Closer

The scheme for widening the access road from the N-332 and motorway to Alicante-Elche Airport has taken a step closer to becoming a reality.



Owners of properties and businesses bordering the roads have been notified that activities to claim the land necessary for the widening will start in September.

The scheme will take land away from a number of residential properties, and some car hire companies that serve the airport.

From the signing of the contract to commence the project, the contractor has 34 months to complete the works which will double the number of lanes on the N-338 road, widening the road onto the airport side, from the N-332 to the A-70, just short of 5 kilometres, excluding around 800 metres at the airport link itself.

The works will cost 18.5 million euro, 36% lower than the contract tender target, and includes 4 viaducts, 2 overpasses, 2 underpasses and 2 cattle tracks.

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### Eight Injured in Kamikaze Collision

A total of eight people were injured on Saturday night after a kamikaze driver, travelling in the opposite direction, collided with other vehicles on the M-30 in Madrid.



According to the preliminary investigations, which are ongoing, the driver allegedly travelled on the M-30 from kilometre 2 as far as kilometre 21, where the vehicle collided with four others.

As a result of the impact, the 52-year-old driver was semi-trapped and needed to be extracted by fire fighters, before being taken to the Clinical Hospital of Madrid with a less than serious prognosis.

One of the victims, a 31-year-old male, was totally trapped in his vehicle due to the force of the impact, resulting in fire fighters having to use various techniques in order to extract him. He was taken to the Gregorio Marañón Hospital with various injuries.

Six other people were also injured, four of whom were members of the same family, which included a child around 14 years of age.

The M-30 was closed for a time as a result of the incident, as the vehicles involved were dispersed over several metres.

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Imágenes de la intervención en el #accidente de #M30 @BomberosMad @SAMUR_PC @policiademadrid @MadridCalle30 pic.twitter.com/8qj4R6lBfT— Emergencias Madrid (@EmergenciasMad) August 19, 2018

### When will the roads be busy this weekend?

This weekend sees one of the busiest on the road network, as many of the domestic tourists drive back to their inland homes.



A special operation to improve traffic flow will be taking place throughout the weekend, with all available traffic officers on duty to assist. There will also be an increase in speed and alcohol and drugs checks, with officers on the ground supported by the DGT´s helicopters and drones.

Here are the anticipated hot times when it would be better to avoid driving, so as to avoid the busiest times.

Friday, August 17, 2018: being a normal working day, the time of the displacements will start at 15:00, which also coincides with the start of the special campaign, with departures from large cities starting to get busy. Traffic will also be busy from mid afternoon and until midnight in coastal areas.

Saturday, August 18, 2018: Queues are expected between 08:00 and 15:00 at the exit of the urban centres and access roads from the coastal areas.

Sunday August 19, 2018: The access roads to the coast, beaches and retail areas during the morning will be particularly busy. However, the problems will begin in the afternoon with the return of those who have enjoyed the weekend and their vacation days at the entrances to large urban centres. The most unfavourable time will be from 06:00 to 12:00.

If you do have to travel this weekend it is best to avoid the busiest times, allow plenty of time for your journey, remember to take plenty of breaks if going long distance, and obey the law, including speed, maintaining a safe distance and avoiding alcohol, drugs and distractions.

Have a safe journey.

### Loose Objects in the Car

A persistent question that often arises is about loose objects in the car, such as a whether you´re allowed to carry a shopping bag on the back seat.



All items in a vehicle must be secured, whether that be the occupants, or goods that are being transported, including shopping.

The reason for this is simple. In the event of a collision, loose items keep moving, and they keep moving at the speed you were travelling at the time of the collision, increasing in force.

Let us look at some simple examples, based on a vehicle travelling at 50 kilometres per hour.

A set of keys, which may seem insignificant, weighing say 40 grams, if they impact at 50 kilometres per hour, the equivalent weight is that of 500 grams. In other words, if a set of keys are left on the parcel shelf, when your vehicle travelling at 50 kilometres per hour is involved in a collision, if those keys hit you, it is the equivalent of being hit with a 500 gram weight.

Let´s look at a few other insignificant objects. A torch or an umbrella weighing around 400 grams would be the equivalent of a 5 kilogram weight. A tennis racket weighing 800 grams would be the equivalent of a 10 kilogram weight.

The same applies for animals. They must also be secured in transit. Not only for their safety, but yours as well. In terms of our examples, a dog which weighs 20 kilograms would convert to the equivalent of 250 kilograms at impact, the equivalent of just under 4 adult humans.

These examples show how weight and force can have an impact, in the hope that it may explain why it is important to secure all items in a vehicle. Although a shopping bag may not seem important, when the items become loose and fly around the vehicle, they act as projectiles which could so easily have a fatal impact.

### Putting your Feet up on the Dashboard

It´s that time of year again when many of us are filled with dread at a common sight on the roads, one which might appear to be “cool”, but one that has potentially deadly consequences, putting your feet up on the dashboard.



If you are seen then there is an offence, “Failing to maintain the proper position in the vehicle”, which can refer to passengers with their feet on the dashboard, drivers with their arms out the window, or any other situation where proper posture is not maintained.

The fine is 80 euro, the consequences, much harsher.

There are many reasons why this rule is important. For example, in the event of impact, the injuries sustained by a person with their feet on the dashboard are nothing less than horrific.

It is extremely easy for a body to be thrown forward in an impact, with the seatbelt unable to do its job, resulting in significant injuries as the legs are thrown through the windscreen. In cars with airbags, they are no saviour in this situation. Airbags deploy at speeds for higher than most vehicles travel, even up to 200 kilometres per hour. If your vehicle is involved in a relatively low speed impact and the airbags are deployed, your legs will be crushed by an object, the airbag and dashboard, travelling at up to 200 kilometres per hour.

The same goes for instances where limbs have been lost or severely injured on account of them protruding from the vehicle, let alone the reduced visibility as mirrors are obscured or false signals potentially given to other road users. Plus, the seats in a vehicle are designed to give maximum protection, and comfort, and not being correctly positions poses a risk, and can hinder visibility by the driver.

### Child Rescued from Locked Car as Dad goes for Tapas

The Police in the Madrid town of Alcorcón, rescued a child who had been left in a car during the hottest time of the day, whilst the father had gone for tapas.



 

The incident occurred on Saturday when the 15-year-old had been locked in the car, with the windows closed, and “in full sun”.

 

According to the City Council in a statement, it was the child himself who raised the alarm, banging on the windows of the car, which alerted several people who called the emergency services.

A Municipal Police patrol attended and rescued t child, with the help of staff from a local mechanical workshop.

The father of the child, who then returned to the scene, explained that he had only just gone to the bar to take a “pincho of cod”.

The now faces charges of a crime of negligence, according to the statement.

The Municipal Police have issued the reminder once again that a car in full sun can exceed 49 degrees in a period of 20 minutes, when the outside temperature does not exceed 29 degrees, and so you cannot leave people or animals locked inside vehicles.

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### Tragedy as Baby Dies Locked in Car

A 10-month-old girl died on Friday, after being left inside a car for eight hours, in the sun.

 

The tragic event took place in the Mallorcan town of  where the girl´s grandfather had parked the vehicle at 7 in the morning, leaving the child sleeping in the car.

It wasn´t until after three o'clock in the afternoon when the 56-year-old grandfather remembered the child and so returned to the car where he found her displaying no signs of life.

The man, of Spanish nationality, called the emergency services for help but there was nothing that could be done to save the life of the child.

According to the initial autopsy, the girl died because of the high temperatures inside the vehicle. The man was taken to Manacor hospital suffering from an anxiety attack.

With this tragedy, there are now eleven people who have died in Spain due to the summer temperatures.

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### Other Major Changes to Traffic Law – Summer 2018

In addition to the ruling regarding all emergency vehicles using blue flashing lights, the Ministerial Order published at the end of July, also includes other important changes to traffic laws and regulations:



Blue rear licence plate for taxis. The licence plates of taxis of up to nine seats will have the bottom of the plate of the rear license plate coloured blue, with the characters in white. The front license plate will remain white and the characters will be black.

Holders of vehicles registered prior to the entry into force of this order will have a period of one year to change the current rear registration plate to the blue one.

This change is driven by the approval in 2016 following the increase of intrusion and piracy in the public transport of passengers of vehicles of up to nine seats. In this proposal, then approved unanimously, the Government is urged, at the request of the collective of taxi drivers, to carry out the necessary actions to, in the shortest possible time, modifying the traffic regulations (Annex XVIII of the General Regulations of Vehicles) relative to the registration plates in order to provide a specific colour (blue) for the licence plates.

Some European Union states such as the Netherlands, Belgium and Greece already have this type of different licence plate.

 

Luminous device for vehicles immobilised on the road: Annex XI includes the possibility of placing on the outside of the vehicle, when it is immobilized on the road by accident or breakdown, a self-powered orange light device, with autonomous power, high visibility and that is stable on a flat surface. This new luminous device is included as an optional element, next to the existing warning triangle, which is still mandatory.

 

Shared Vehicle: The General Vehicle Regulation incorporates in its annex II the definition of a vehicle for shared use, a vehicle for rental without a driver that is dedicated to a concatenated and intensive use by an undetermined number of users within a defined service area. It must be available, at any time, to be used through the use of mobile applications.

The vehicle of shared use supposes a complement of the systems of urban public transport, introducing in addition a greater efficiency in the employment of the vehicle, reducing the congestion of the traffic, the occupation of the public road and the polluting emissions.

In addition, the distinctive "V-26 Sharing Badge" is established. A device that will allow public administrations, mainly municipalities, to identify this type of vehicle and adopt measures that favour its use as an alternative to the vehicle for private use and urban public transport.

Each public administration may establish the obligatory nature of the use of the shared use badge. It should be placed in the upper left corner of the windshield of the vehicle and, if it does not have a windshield, in a clearly visible place.

 

Environmental Distinctive: The General Directorate of Traffic has classified the vehicle fleet through strict environmental criteria, assigning each vehicle a category within the created environmental scale. Five categories of vehicles were created: 0 emissions, ECO, C, B and A. and for the first four an environmental label was designed, with the same name as the category to which it belongs, leaving category A without distinctive.

What this Ministerial Order does is to incorporate a new section in Annex II of the aforementioned Regulation, in which, in addition to the classifications of construction, use and service criteria for the vehicles registered, it is added to the Vehicle Registry the E classification corresponding to criteria due to its polluting potential.

Likewise, Annex XI "signals on vehicles" is modified to add a new signal related to the different environmental distinctions assigned to each category of vehicle according to its polluting potential, with the denomination of "V-25 Environmental Distinction".

This distinction will allow public administrations, especially municipalities, to identify vehicles and adopt environmental measures related to traffic management. Likewise, each Public Administration may establish the obligatory nature of the use of the environmental badge.

The badge should be placed in the lower right corner of the vehicle's windshield and, if it does not have a windshield, in a clearly visible place.

 

Pick-up vehicles: The definition of pick-up vehicles is introduced in the General Vehicle Regulations: vehicle whose maximum mass is not more than 3,500 kg, in which the seating positions and the loading area are not located in a single compartment.

These vehicles are characterised, for the most part, by having the peculiarity that the part destined for the merchandise is separated from the cabin and normally open.

Until the approval of this Ministerial Order and in the absence of a proper classification in the definitions of the General Vehicle Regulations, pick-up vehicles had been classified until now as a truck-type vehicle. From now on, and in order to facilitate their identification and control, they will be assigned the numerical code 17 in terms of their classification by construction criteria, for their annotation in the Vehicle Registry.

 

### The Return of the 50 Euro Scam

Periodically we have to repeat warnings about scams, and then they go quiet for a while, only to return once the scammers think we´ve forgotten about them, this time it´s the return of the “50 euro scam”.



One thing, before we explain the details of this scam, remember, above all, if something seems too good to be true, it usually is.

It certainly is in the case of this scam. Let us paint a picture. Innocent victims board the vehicle, perhaps in a supermarket car park, or after a pleasant day at the beach, the occupants might be distracted, talking about the joys of the day they´ve just had. As the driver sits in the vehicle, starts the engine, secures the seat belt and carries out full observations before moving off... What´s that? A 50 euro note secured under the windscreen wiper? Can it be? Could this day get any better?

Now, as we pause our idyllic scene, of course the day can get a lot better, but not at this moment, because this is where the scammers take advantage. The 50 euro note is fake, a poorly printed copy that´s not easy to determine from a distance. But the idea is that the driver is so pleased with the potential find, they leave the vehicle, engine running, to collect their booty, at which point the scammers jump into the car and drive off, yes, often with other occupants on board initially, with even children having been taken in this way in previous robberies.

We first became aware of this scam in 2014, but it´s not the only one of this type. Prior to this, a handwritten note on the back window was a favourite, or sometimes just an innocent flyer.

The advice, as always, is to take a brief walk around your vehicle every time you return to it. Check basics such as wheels, tyres, lights, and windows, removing anything like flyers (placing them in a dustbin of course), the fuel filling cap is in place (more about that another time), and looking for any obvious signs of damage to the vehicle. This is a good habit to get into every time, no matter how briefly you may have left your vehicle.

### Focus on Speed Ahead

August is the summer month in which there are more road trips than any other, with a forecast of more than 45.7 million trips.

With the aim of ensuring the safety of travel, the DGT will carry out two special surveillance campaigns. The first of them against inappropriate speed: During the week of August 6 to 12, there will be an increase in checks on the compliance of speed limits. It will mainly focus on conventional roads, which is where the established limits are most violated and where more fatal incidents are registered. The controls will be done from both the air and on the road, with fixed and mobile radars

The second campaign will be monitoring the consumption of alcohol and drugs at the wheel. During the 13th, 14th and 15th of August, preventive controls will be increased, since they are days in which many towns celebrate their patron saint festivities.

Safer roads are the responsibility of everyone. Attitude, courtesy and respect are called on from all road users, irrespective of the vehicle being driven, as attitude is the number one defence against road traffic incidents.

When on the road, respect the rules of maximum permitted speed, taking into account the road, vehicles and conditions, avoid distractions completely, such as mobile phone use and even music, driving requires 100% concentration. Although there are established limits for alcohol, it is best to avoid it all together if you are going to drive, drugs should also be avoided, and you should check with your pharmacist or doctor if you are on prescribed drugs.

Vehicle maintenance is also a crucial element of road safety. Make sure your vehicle´s lights are clear and working, same with the windscreen, and that you have plenty of screen wash in the tank. Check your tyres regularly for signs of wear and for any signs of damage.

If you are on a long journey, take a break every two hours or so, more often if you do feel tired and stop until you are refreshed enough to continue, irrespective of any delay you may incur.

All vehicle occupants must wear a seatbelt and children under 1.35m must be seated in the back, and in a seat suitable to them.

As well as respecting speed limits, also remember to respect the minimum distance between you and the vehicle in front. Invading this safety distance is aggressive, unacceptable and considered most serious, as it causes so many incidents.

 

### 17% of traffic accidents can be due to excessive temperatures

Heat has consequences on the driver´s behaviour similar to that of alcohol intake

Torrevieja / Valencia. July 27, 2018. The August exit operation causes 150,000 injuries per year in Spain due to traffic accidents, with a special impact on young population. In fact, 17% of traffic accidents may be due to excessive temperatures, according to studies conducted by Prevensis, a company specialised in the analysis of driver’s behaviour. When the car temperature reaches 30 ° C, it increases by 20% the risk of making mistakes while driving and reduces the reaction time by 22%.

Experts from the hospitals Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Valencia warn that heat affects the capabilities and behaviour of the driver. According to Dr. Ignacio Garcia, Traffic Unit specialist and assistant to the medical management at Hospital Quirónsalud Valencia, "the excess of  temperature that we capture in our body surface is transmitted to an area of ​​our brain, the hypothalamus. This gland, in addition to regulating our body temperature, fulfils other functions as a control of our moods,it modulates sleep and allows the ability to react to certain unexpected circumstances.

The heat excess affects the functions of said gland and is capable of causing failures in driving, which manifest as fatigue, drowsiness, aggression and even diminishes the ability to concentrate and the attention, reducing the reaction times before a certain circumstance.

Dr. Alfredo Pérez Cortada, Traffic Unit specialist at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja warns that, "we should avoid to travel the hottest hours, it is better to do it early in the morning or at the end of the afternoon, but always with daylight. "
In addition, an interior car temperature between 35 and 40 degrees Celsius is just as dangerous as having drunk five beers. With this heat, the driver stops perceiving between 15 and 20% of traffic signals and their mistakes increase up to 35%.

Whiplash is the main injury caused by traffic accidents

The injuries that can occur in a traffic accident are multiple and varied, mostly low and medium intensity. According to Dr. Juan Costell, Head of Emergency at Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja Hospital Quirónsalud Torrevieja, "50% of these injuries occur in the spine by the mechanism of so-called whiplash, followed by dorsal and lumbar injuries that represent 34% of contusions produced at vertebral level ". In addition, "the musculoskeletal and spinal injuries require the involvement and coordination of different specialties that may be needed throughout the recovery process, either by cure or by stabilisation of the injury". For this reason, the Traffic Unit houses includes a group of medical experts in this area that deals with pain and allows the patient to start recovery and mobility sooner.

Traffic accidents, due to the forces of acceleration and deceleration, can produce acute injuries or complicate pre-existing injuries. The assessment and implementation of an early treatment is essential to minimise the physical consequences that occur in traffic accidents. Dr. Costell states that "from the medical point of view, it is important that each patient involved in a traffic accident goes to an urgent medical assessment, whatever the seriousness of their injuries is." It is advisable to go to a specialised Traffic Unit  that includes the first emergency visit, hospitalisation, diagnostic tests (CT, magnetic resonance, ultrasound or laboratory), consultations with specialists, rehabilitation treatment, intensive care and, if necessary, urgent surgery. In addition, the traffic units of the hospitals Quirónsalud Torrevieja and Valencia advise patients about their right to personalised attention for a complete rehabilitation, perform the relevant procedures with the insurance company and manage all medical reports for an adequate treatment.

Tips for safe driving

 	Sufficient rest: do not start the trip if you have not rested properly. It is also recommended to take a break every hour and a half to stretch. Stop as soon as you feel tired.
 	Eat light meals and do not drink any type of alcoholic beverage, including low alcohol.
 	Wheel right position: the legs should be slightly flexed and the backrest adjusted for the wrists to reach the top of the steering wheel.
 	Use comfortable and loose clothing as well as adequate footwear.

 

### All Emergency Vehicles will have Blue Lights

After many years of discussion and disagreement, on 31st of July, 2018, it entered into law in Spain that all emergency vehicles will use flashing blue lights.

The reform is published in Ministerial Order PCI / 810/2018, published in the BOE, modifying several Annexes to the General Vehicle Regulations -RD 2822/1998- among which is Annex XI, regarding the signal V-1 Priority Vehicle.

Until the publication of this reform, blue lights were restricted to the exclusive use of the security services, such as the police or Guardia Civil, with other priority vehicles, such as those used by the fire service or ambulances, would use flashing orange lights.

The flashing orange light is still used, and is carried by slow moving vehicles, those which constitute an obstacle in the road due to being stopped or parked or driving at a low speed while performing a service or work on the road. Previously, this situation generated some confusion amongst some road users by not clearly identifying the vehicles for fire fighting, health care and civil protection as priority vehicles in emergency service that also have priority.

Now, blue lights are reserved to signal all priority vehicles in emergency services and the orange for vehicles that constitute an obstacle in the road, which contributes to improving safe mobility.

The change also puts Spain on a par with the existing regulations in most of the States of the European Union, in which the luminous device of the priority vehicles is blue, in particular those of France and Portugal, which are the countries in which It is common that, in emergency situations, Spanish priority vehicles enter these countries and vice versa.

With the aim that this change can be made progressively, the Ministerial Order grants a period of two years for the owners of the affected vehicles to change the orange colour of their lighting devices to blue.

### Harsher Penalties for Phone Use Promised

In his first major interview since taking back the role, the new Director General of Traffic, Pere Navarro, announced a variety of changes being investigated which he hopes will start to reverse the trend of road fatalities.

The first major change is for harsher penalties for talking on a mobile phone whilst driving. Navarro stated that an increase in the loss of penalty points, doubling to up to six is currently being studied.

Navarro said that “since 2016 distractions are the first cause of fatal accidents ahead of alcohol and speed,” a particular problem has become the “excessive or inappropriate use of the mobile phone.”

“It is not our problem, it is widespread throughout Europe and we must give it visibility and importance,” he said.

Whilst talking about the possibility of banning hands free systems, Navarro clarified that “it is as harmful to talk with the hands-free because of the distraction as having the phone in your hand”.

“Those of us who work in road safety say that hands-free has not been a good idea, what happens is true that the novelty, technology and the companies behind us passed over everyone,” he said.

Regarding GPS navigation, Navarro has indicated that he would like it if they detected that the vehicle was in motion and so do not permit reprogramming of an address.

“We ask, we suggest, we request it but we return to the same thing, it is such the power of the industry and the novelty that we could not achieve it,” he stressed.

He is sure that mobile manufacturers will install a "car mode" that some phones already have incorporated because “they have a certain responsibility to everyone around this business”.

“Those who make their living with mobile telephony are going to have to move, it's what is called corporate social responsibility, you have to do something to address the problems that may have created excessive and inappropriate use of your business”, he considered.

However, there are currently no plans of reducing the rate of alcohol because in other countries in Europe where a zero limit is set, they still have a lot of problems, “major players such as Sweden, the United Kingdom and the Netherlands have the same rate as us”.

The DGT is also looking at alternatives to the warning triangle, after a spate of incidents because occupants of a vehicle have been overwhelmed following a breakdown and lack of visibility.

All of these plans are currently only open to a discussion stage, although it is clear that reforms will be implemented as the trend for road-based deaths has to decline, and with the driver seeimingly reluctant to play their part, legislation looks set to be the only way forward.

### Prosecutors Ask Police to Investigate Mobile Use Before Traffic Incidents

Combining statistical data from the DGT and the National Institute of Toxicology, there has been a consistent growth in road traffic incidents in Spain since 2015, compared to the previous descending trend from 2005.

According to the research carried out by both institutions, the main causes are the deliberate violation, by drivers, of road traffic legislation that is in place to protect the life and physical integrity of everyone.

According to statistics, inappropriate speed is present in 30% of traffic incidents that occur on Spanish roads. It is fair to say that almost all drivers will exceed the maximum permitted speed on all journeys. But the data shows that distractions caused by the use of mobile phones are the main cause of incidents on Spanish roads.

Whereas penalties for using a mobile phone can vary depending on the severity of the resulting incident, it is still the case that many drivers underestimate how much their concentration is diverted by using a mobile, especially since their use has also undergone a stark transformation from the times of a simple conversational tool to the more frequent use of social media and messaging, through voice, text and photographs.

Such is the distraction caused by these devices, even the use of hands free is  being investigated as this too seems failing, not only as many drivers believe that simply holding the device on speaker constitutes hands free, which it does not, and the use of in-ear devices are already banned.

The special public prosecutor of Road Safety, Bartolomé Vargas has suggested de-linking the increase in the incident rate due to the increase in the number of journeys, but rather to driver attitude.

Vargas sent an official letter to the traffic police of the national territory to investigate mobile phone calls before traffic incidents, so that they can be taken into account as "serious imprudence" due to the inattention of the driver. This would entail prison sentences of between one and four years - as reckless homicide - in addition to the loss of the licence for another six; and if they are injuries, the penalty can be up to three years, with the deprivation of the licence for four years.

Vargas was questioned whether the investigation of the latest movements of the mobile could go against the Law of Data Protection, to which he replied that it required, "a legal examination... something we are working on." He stressed that the inquiries will only be made in the event of an incident, culminating in a report that details the duration of a call, the frequency of use in the journey in which the incident occurred or even if they have used apps such as WhatsApp. At the moment there are other ways, such as the testimonies of witnesses. Vargas put the use of the mobile in a high position when it comes to analysing "the main cause of accidents" and denied that the increase in deaths in traffic incidents "is due to the improvement of the economic situation or the number of trips. “it is an excuse,.” He says, "It was one of the factors that the DGT pointed out in its 2017 accident balance, a year in which 1,830 people died, 20 more than in 2016, 141 more than in 2015." Our country has gone from being the fifth country with the lowest road casualties in Europe to the eighth in four years (with a rate of 39 deaths per million inhabitants)". The Public Prosecutor's Office considers that of the 600 road deaths that occurred due to them leaving the road, "a good part" was caused by the use of mobile phones.

Last year alone, more than 88,000 complaints were made for handling these devices and 33,800 for other distractions at the wheel. The hands-free or the navigator puts in the spotlight the connected car, which requires these and other tools to operate fully, and in turn is the passport for the achievement of the autonomous vehicle.

In 2017, 81,951 convictions were issued for road traffic offences, of which one in three was serious enough to constitute a crime related to road safety.

Of all the sentences, 51,085 convictions are for driving offences under the influence of alcohol and toxic substances. According to data from the National Institute of Statistics, one third of the drivers who died in Spain during the past year, around 600 people had consumed alcohol or some type of narcotic drug. E l 75% of them had an alcohol level to 1.2 g / L and 49% exceeded 2 g / L.

Around 90% of the total sentences are dictated in accordance which allows immediate compliance with the 55,890 penalties recorded for the deprivation of the right to drive and 2,075 driving licence losses.

The commitment of society is crucial to end the "quintet" of death, that is, use of the mobile phone at the wheel, speeding or previous consumption of alcohol, drugs and psychoactive drugs.

### Cyclist Killed near Moncayo

A cyclist, said to be a 62-year-old Ukrainian, was killed on Sunday morning whilst cycling on the N-332 in the Moncayo area, between Guardamar and Torrevieja.

The man, a resident in Rojales, was hit by a vehicle said to be driven by a 24-year-old girl. A paramedic ambulance was sent to the scene but could do nothing to preserve the life of the cyclist, whereas the car driver was taken to Torrevieja hospital suffering from shock.

An investigation is underway to determine the facts which led to this latest tragedy.

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### This Weekend sees the next Summer Operation on the Roads

From Friday and through the weekend, the DGT will apply a series of measures to regulate and monitor traffic during the next summer period, with the Special Operation 1º of August, which will take place until August 1.

This weekend marks the first central point in the holiday period when some of those who took an early vacation return to their inland homes, whereas more who are about to begin their holidays head to the coastal and mountainous regions, mixed in with more people just set about enjoying a weekend break. In all, during the period from July 31 to August 1, there will be an estimated 3.2 million journeys made.

The main congestion will appear in the exits of the big cities, as well as in the main access roads to the coastal areas. This pattern will intensify during Friday afternoon and Saturday morning. The roads most affected will be those around Madrid, Castilla la Mancha, Comunidad Valenciana, Murcia and Andalucía. Late in the evening, the congestion problems will be transferred to the places of destination, such as the coast.

In addition to domestic tourist trips, Spain is also a transit country for millions of travellers from different European countries who return for holidays to their places of origin in Africa. This weekend is one of the most critical in terms of the Paso del Estrecho operation, so it will be frequent that the roads leading to ports will intensify.

As many of them move by road, the Government has been launching, for years, the special Paso del Estrecho operation, which has been in place since June 15. Among the measures and services included in this device are the Rest Areas of Horcajo de la Sierra (Madrid) and Valdepeñas (Ciudad Real) as well as the information areas of Oyarzun (Guipúzcoa), Loja (Granada), Villajoyosa (Alicante) and Ribera de Cabanes (Castellón). These service and information areas are enabled by the DGT so that citizens travelling through Spain from north to south can rest from driving and make a safer trip.

To minimize the possible complications that may occur, the DGT will install traffic regulation measures that will favour the circulation of vehicles in the most conflictive areas. To this end, additional lanes will be installed, through cones, on the main access roads to major cities, and the movement of dangerous goods vehicles, special transport and trucks with a maximum authorized mass of more than 7,500 kg will be restricted.

In addition, the DGT has designed routes according to destination, for those drivers who need to move from one area to another on the peninsula and who do not wish to pass through the centre, which is the area that generates the greatest quantity of vehicles.

From the air, the DGT will monitor both conventional highways and high capacity roads with the 10 helicopters available and with 5 drones that are distributed throughout the field of action of the DGT.

The material means are complemented by the human resources that the DGT has: more than 800 officials and specialised technical personnel that serve the Traffic Management Centres; all available traffic officers of the Guardia Civil, and more than 13,000 employees various road service companies, as well as the emergency services, both medical and fire fighters.



SPEED, ALCOHOL AND DRUGS

August is the summer month in which there are more road trips than any other, with a forecast of more than 45.7 million trips.

With the aim of ensuring the safety of travel, the DGT will carry out two special surveillance campaigns. The first of them against inappropriate speed: During the week of August 6 to 12, there will be an increase in checks on the compliance of speed limits. It will mainly focus on conventional roads, which is where the established limits are most violated and where more fatal incidents are registered. The controls will be done from both the air and on the road, with fixed and mobile radars

The second campaign will be monitoring the consumption of alcohol and drugs at the wheel. During the 13th, 14th and 15th of August, preventive controls will be increased, since they are days in which many towns celebrate their patron saint festivities.

### Confused Kamikaze Driver Causes Crash

A vehicle travelling in the wrong way along the AP-9 motorway near the Pontevedra town of Vilaboa on Saturday morning collided with another car resulting in three people being injured.

According to the 112 emergency coordination centre, the incident occurred at 09:54 on Saturday morning at kilometre 134,600, in the Crecente direction.

After receiving the alert, the Guardia Civil were immediately despatched from Pontevedra, along with emergency medical teams.

According to the preliminary investigation, a 74-year-old driver, who was driving in the Vigo direction, had stopped off at a rest area. However, when resuming the journey, the driver joined the AP-9 in the opposite direction, the Pontevedra direction, and ended up colliding with another vehicle.

Three people suffered minor injuries in the crash, the 74-year-old driver two people who were in the other car.

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### RoadWatch Issue 14

The latest edition of N332 RoadWatch is out now, with all of the latest from across Spain and beyond.

You can read this issue FOR FREE by scrolling down to page. Alternatively, you can purchase and download a PDF version, which helps support the project, and means you can keep a copy with you on your computer, tablet or mobile.

To purchase the PDF, click the button below...

 
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In this issue there are 60 pages of great articles, including:


 	Former Head of Traffic set to Return to the DGT 4
 	Avoiding the Safety Car Effect 6
 	Add yourself to our mailing list 9
 	Renting a Car – Your European Rights 10
 	Truck Drivers Getting Younger 14
 	Congress Agrees to Warnings of Santa Pola Black Spots 16
 	Fiat 500 “Spiaggina ‘58” – An Exclusive Birthday Tribute to the Fiat 500 19
 	When is it Okay to use the Horn? 28
 	Focus Aims at Motorbike Frequented Roads 30
 	Cyclists Advised over Responsibilities 32
 	My British Registered Car has an Expired MOT. Can I get an ITV done in Spain instead? 34
 	What happens if you have a crash and your ITV is not in order? 36
 	Will My Petrol Tank Explode in Hot Weather? 40
 	A Study Reveals that a PET Scan with Glucose Helps to Predict Tumor Behavior 46
 	Driving Across Europe – Maximum Permitted Speed Limits 48
 	Motorway Driving Lessons in the UK 50
 	Dogs Die in Hot Cars 51
 	How is your Eyesight? (FREE Eye Tests for Drivers) 52
 	The MOT Changed in May 54

So make sure you don´t miss out and get fully up to date with the latest traffic and travel news, and be sure to follow n332.es and roadwatch.eu for the latest from Spain and Europe respectively. 
Once again, to purchase your own PDF, click the button below, or continue past that to read it here for free.
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### Drugged Driver Arrested after Knocking Down Five Pensioners and Fleeing the Scene

A 39-year-old man surrendered himself to police in Jaén after a search was launched to find him in connection with an incident in which 5 elderly women were knocked over by a car.

The incident occurred at around 22:30 on Avenida de Andalucía in the city of Jaén, after the 112 emergency coordination centre received numerous calls reporting several people being knocked down on a pedestrian crossing.

Emergency services were immediately sent to the scene and discovered that the driver had already fled, leaving five women, aged 65, 74, 80 and two women aged 70, suffering various traumas and injuries, being treated at the scene, before being taken to hospital for treatment. Three of the women were later discharged, leaving two admitted with multiple fractures.

The vehicle was unable to stop in time due to the high speed at which it was being driven. According to witnesses, the car attempted to stop and skidded for “a long time”, which alerted people who were in a nearby terrace, but was unable to avoid the women on the crossing.

Data collected from the scene revealed skid marks in excess of 40 metres, indicating the high speed at which the vehicle was driving and the lack of control in the attempted stop.

The man who was wanted by police in connection with the incident presented himself, accompanied by his lawyer, at Jaén Police Station, where he was charged with a crime for driving under the influence of drugs and reckless driving.

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### Dogs Die in Hot Cars

Murcia police rescued a dog which had been left inside a vehicle at the Nueva Condomina shopping centre.

Luckily, the dog survived, whilst the owners will be dealt with on suspicion of offences of the mistreatment of animals.

Always, at this time of year, the warnings are the same but still not realised by some. Dogs Die in Hot Cars.

Remember, if you see a dog in this position, call the police immediately, or use the 112 emergency number.

Another myth that is shared in connection with this subject is that if you take action and break into a vehicle yourself you will not face charges. This is not true. You must call the police and they will take action. You must not intervene yourself directly.



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### Two Children Arrested for Throwing Object at Guardia Civil Car

Two minors were detained by Guardia Civil officers a little after midnight on Sunday, after a patrol vehicle suffered damage caused by the impact of a "blunt object" on the windscreen as the vehicle was moving.

 The smashed windscreen

The incident occurred as the vehicle drove along the N-352, towards the border control point which separates Spain from Morocco.

The vehicle suffered serious damages to its front windscreen, in the area where the driver requires most visibility to proceed, although the expertise of the driver avoided a more serious incident, as the vehicle was also travelling at a moderate speed.

A second patrol vehicle, which was proceeding just behind the one that was attacked, saw, "without any doubts" the suspected authors of the criminal act, who immediately tried to flee the scene.

The officers were able to intercept the two minors after a short chase, being at all times observed and visually controlled by the officers, who then accompanied the children to their family home located on Avenida Argentina.

The parents have been duly informed of the facts committed by both children, which has also led to the identification of them and their guardians. The Guardia Civil found it evident that the attack was directed "specifically against members of the Corps during the development of the service", since the vehicle attacked is a two-coloured SUV labelled with Guardia Civil insignia.

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### More Cyclists Charged with Drink Driving

Traffic officers from the Guardia Civil in Pontevedra have charged two cyclists, in separate incidents, for drink driving offences.



The first case was in the municipality of Portas, Pontevedra, when officers received information about a male cycling on the N-550 showing signs of being intoxicated.

Following up the reports, a patrol soon located a cyclist in the Barosa area matching the description of the one reported, making his condition more suspicious by "zigzagging" along the road in the opposite direction to the flow of traffic.

The officers stopped the cyclist who identified himself as a 29-year-old resident of Barro , who was tested for the presence of alcohol to which he failed a breathalyser with rates of 1.15 mg / l and 1.05 mg / l, when the maximum permitted limit is 0.25 mg / l.

The second incident was in the ​​Torneiros area of the municipality of Mos . On this occasion, a patrol carrying out preventative checks observed a man cycling on the EP-2402, and when the man approached the control area his behaviour became erratic he cycled with "an imprecise trajectory".

After being intercepted and subjected to alcohol tests, suspicions were confirmed. In this case, the 49-year-old male who was riding the bicycle, a resident of the town of Mos, gave breathalyser readings of 1.18 mg / l and 1.13 mg / l in first and second test respectively.

In both cases, the facts were reported and each can face fines of 1000 euro, in addition to the immobilisation of their vehicle.

Once again, these cases serve as a reminder that not only are cyclists vulnerable road users who need protection, cyclists are also subject to the same rules and laws as any other vehicle on the road. Despite the dangers and their vulnerability, as recent report showed how one in four cyclists tested positive for alcohol.

Although the best advice is to never consume alcohol or drugs when driving, or riding a bicycle, the maximum permitted alcohol limit for normal drivers undergoing a breathalyser test is 0.25mg / l.

 

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### Bus Driver in Dramatic Bridge Crash Rescue

Fire fighters in Madrid rescued the driver of a bus when his vehicle crashed through the safety barrier and was left suspended off a bridge.



The bus was working a shuttle service from the Mad Cool Music Festival when it crashed on the M-11 motorway in the early hours of Sunday morning.

The incident occurred when the vehicle suffered a side collision when it was heading to the festival from the Plaza de Castilla.

The fire fighters rescued the driver from the vehicle, who had suffered a minor injury to his arm, by using a crane in the rescue operation.

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### How is your Eyesight? No, really? (FREE Eye Tests for Drivers)

It might seem like an obvious statement, but visibility is one of the most important factors when driving. This time, we are not talking about being seen however, but rather the ability to see.



Over time, our eyesight can deteriorate. It is very common, but the biggest problem often is that the deterioration is subtle, taking time to worsen. Often, when we do have an eye test and put spectacles on for the first time following a test, the difference is astounding, because we hadn´t realised how bad our eyes had got, over time.

Given the importance of being able to see well, more than 1,000 opticians all over Spain will carry out a free vision test as part of a review campaign to try and get people seeing better when driving.

From the results of a recent survey, it was revealed that more than two million drivers recognise that they have vision problems, and despite that, "two out of three drivers consider that their vision affects their road safety".

The study highlights that most drivers recognise that their vision has worsened in recent years, and they notice it especially at night (30%), and when it comes to clearly seeing road signs (17%)

Another of the main risk factors, especially when travelling long distances, stresses Tomás Santa Cecilia, director of road safety group RACE, is the lack of rest: "You have to stop every two hours or 200 kilometres." However, 72% of drivers admit that they never make a stop, a figure that reaches 80% in the case of those over 56 years.

Another danger is glare. About 80% of the participants in the study claim to have suffered temporary blindness due to glare, and three out of four indicate that this situation has affected their road safety. However, half of drivers do not wear polarized sunglasses when driving.

The Dean of the College of Opticians-Optometrists, Juan Carlos Martínez, states that "the advice is to conduct a review on an annual basis." In order to remind ourselves that "vision is a key aspect in terms of road safety, at the same level as the use of the seat belt and helmet in the case of motorcycles."

Grupo Essilor, a firm which works in the optics sector, together with the FIA ​​(International Automobile Federation), the RACE (Real Automobile Club of Spain) and CEPSA, have launched a campaign which will run during the summer months (July and August), during which drivers who stop at any of Cepsa's service stations will have information available with recommendations to review and protect their vision.

Until July 31, more than 1,000 opticians from all over Spain will carry out a free vision test. Those interested can perform a visual test, created specifically for this campaign by the deans and coordinators of the 13 Faculties of Optics and Optometry that are in Spain.



The examination takes into account the current legislation in force regarding psychophysical aptitudes for driving and analyses all the visual aspects that directly affect driving, such as stereopsis (ability to see in 3D), the visual field, and sensitivity to contrast or intraocular pressure, in addition to checking if there is any latent pathology that may be affecting the user's visual capacity.

This Vision and Life campaign is supported by the DGT and the DIA Association of traffic accidents. You can check online for participating opticians by visiting, visionyvida.org/conductores/, where you can also find more information about eyes, vision and driving.

### Torrevieja Man Arrested for Torching Car in Insurance Scam

A 66-year-old resident of Torrevieja has been arrested by the Guardia Civil on suspicion of fraud, after he allegedly set fire to his own car in order to claim the insurance.

The Spanish resident of the town is accused of the crimes of attempted fraud and arson, after he is said to have faked the theft and destruction of the 20,000 euro vehicle.

The investigation began after officers were made aware of the car having been burnt out on a public road. Informing the registered owner, he was surprised by what happened, claiming to have parked his car in the garage of his house, and so it must have been stolen.

After identifying and confirming that the vehicle was his, the owner accompanied officers to the Torrevieja Guardia Civil barracks where he filed a complaint of theft and damage to the vehicle.

The man then set about claiming on his insurance, and visited his insurance brokers, “several times” in the days following the incident, each time asking for the compensation for his loss.

As the days passed, the man´s demands became more agitated, with him first acting with "bad manners" and later in a "threatening tone”, even hitting the desk of the insurance agent during one of his visits.

As the vehicle was the subject on an investigation, the officers continued to gather evidence and statements of what had happened, and eventually concluded that as the evidence given by the owner "began to incur numerous contradictions" which "did nothing but endorse the evidence obtained by agents" that "he was committing insurance fraud", and so he was subsequently arrested.



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### Focus Aims at Motorbike Frequented Roads

The DGT is carrying out a special focus on roads frequented by motorbikes at weekends
 	The surveillance will be carried out at the roadside and from the air to verify that all drivers respect the rules
 	The campaign is about raising awareness to improve the coexistence between drivers of two-wheeled vehicles and other drivers



The presence of motorbikes on the roads, especially on weekends and especially in the months of spring and summer, has lead to the DGT to increase surveillance on Saturday and Sunday in order to ensure that all drivers on these roads do so in a responsible and respectful manner, especially as two-wheeled vehicles are more vulnerable.

The campaign had already begun and this weekend marks the third time the focus has taken place, and will continue through to September, during which the traffic officers of the Guardia Civil will monitor the roads from both the ground and the air, with the DGT´s helicopters watching from the sky to ensure that drivers of all vehicles, including the motorbikes themselves, respect established road safety regulations, improving their own safety and that of other users.

In order to support the campaign, the presence of traffic patrols will increase on stretches of roads where motorbikes are known to frequent.

In 2016, the last year with consolidated data, the percentage of motorcycles in the vehicle fleet was 10%, that is 3.2 million motorcycles and the number of motorbike riders amounted to almost 5 million, of which 85.5 % had obtained their driver's licence before the regulatory amendment of 2009, and only 1.6% of the total obtained theirs after the reform.

It should also be kept in mind that holders of category B driving licences, with 3 years driving experience, can also drive motorcycles covered by the A1 permit (up to 125 cc). Although the exact number of drivers who fall into this bracket is not available, it has been found that 714,777 holders of a B licence owned a motorcycle up to 125 cc. In 2016, 57% of all motorcycle registrations were for vehicles with a displacement of less than 125 cc. Therefore, these figures need to be added to those above.

Regarding incidents, 24% of the total number of incidents with victims, that is, 25,944 incidents, involved a motorbike. Of those incidents, 343 motorcyclists died. On interurban roads there was a reduction of 5% in the number of motorcyclists killed, whilst on urban roads, 27 more bikers lost their lives than in 2015.

The risk of death from a traffic related incident is 17 times greater for motorcycles than for cars. In addition, 95% of the fatal traffic incidents involving a motorcycle, the rider is the one who died.

The most frequent infractions recorded my motorcycle users were: inadequate speed (18% of cases), invasion of the opposite lane and anti-regulation overtaking (18%). In the case of drivers of other vehicles, the most frequent infractions were those related to non-compliance with the priority rules (32% of cases).

Although the use of the helmet is mandatory in both urban and interurban roads, in 2016, 15 people who lost their lives after travelling by motorcycle did not use this safety device, an object that often avoids death.

### Will My Petrol Tank Explode in Hot Weather?

The question over the spontaneous combustion of fuel tanks in cars in hot weather is yet another tale that goes viral through the internet, with warnings generally suggesting that if you fill your tank it might explode in the heat, or if you don´t fill your tank it might explode in the heat, yes, both are contradictory, and yes, both are nothing more than an internet myth.



The latest incarnation of t story has come about after a message went viral, through Facebook and WhatsApp, which claimed that the Pakistani State Oil Company had issued a warning, which they were quick to deny through their official social media channels.

 
Pakistan State Oil (PSO) has announced that filling fuel tank to its full capacity poses no threat of any kind to the cars or its passengers.

PSO made the statement after a Whatsapp message went viral over the past few days. The message falsely claimed that PSO had warned the public against filling fuel tanks to the full capacity in light of increasing temperatures.

Auto igniting temperature of petrol is way above the highest temperatures during summers in Pakistan. Filling your fuel tank to its full capacity poses no threat of any kind neither to the car nor to its passengers and is deemed completely safe and beneficial to the running of the car. #EveryJourneyBeginsHere #PSO #Publicservicemessage
 

As far as an internet search tells us, the fake story began in 2011, when false posts warned of the false dangers of filling your tank.

The thought of your car exploding if you put too much fuel in it (or not enough fuel in it) is terrifying, but there is no basis in science to the claims, and no evidence that suggests it is anything other than speculative scaremongering.

First of all, the science bit. If fuel were able to auto-ignite, in other words for it to combust without any kind of trigger or spark, is around 495ºF, or 257ºC. Even though we may be baking in temperatures in excess of 30 degrees in places, this is somewhat lower than the temperature required for the fuel to ignite unaided. Assuming of course we are referring to our cars being driven on this planet.

So, what about the second problem, the build up of gasses and them igniting? Well, there is a science bit to that too. Modern fuel tanks must have the ability to vent pressure. Since the early 1970´s, cars in America had to include a system called EVAP, or Evaporative emissions control. The device collects excess fuel vented from a tank and, when conditions are correct, returns it to the tank.

So, the bottom line. It´s a myth, a hoax, a rumour, your car´s fuel tank is not at risk of spontaneous combustion whether it is full, empty, or anywhere in between. Of course you must still take all precautions when refuelling and remember that there are a number of offences in Spain which can be taken into consideration if you don´t take proper care at fuel filling stations, so heed those warnings, and not he rumours of the internet.

### Girl Arrested after Knocking Down Children in Uncontrolled Car

The Local Police in Santander have arrested a 17-year-old girl who was driving a car that ran over two children in a car park at playa del Camello.



The young woman was driving a Ford Focus, accompanied by a male of legal age, who was responsible for the car, although he was not the lawful owner.

According to reports from the scene, the driver lost control of the car and left the road, hitting a bench where the two girls were sitting, totally destroying the bench, and then crashing into railings that separated the parking lot from the beach.

The two girls, ages 8 and 9, were lucky to suffer only minor injuries and were discharged from hospital shortly after being treated.

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### Former Head of Traffic set to Return to the DGT

The Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) is set to have a new leader at the helm, Pere Navarro, who actually returns to the role he held between 2004 and 2011.



Navarro will replace Gregorio Serrano as the head of the DGT, as the council of Ministers confirmed his appointment at the end of last week.

During his previous tenure at the DGT, working under the government led by José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, the DGT implemented such innovations as the driver's licence for points, a measure promoted by Navarro himself, which led to a drastic reduction in the number of deaths on the road.

In particular, the points system alone is attributed having been responsible for reducing the number of traffic and road related deaths in 2011 for the first time in 50 years.

Navarro was also involved in the creation of the Road Safety Commission in the Congress of Deputies, as well as the introduction of stricter speed limits in order to save fuel during the petrol crisis, where conventional roads saw a speed limit reduction, as did motorways, where the network saw a reduction to 110 kilometres per hour, both limits being revoked was the crisis had eased.

On his return to the DGT, Navarro will find a difficult task ahead once more. After more than a decade of reductions, in 2016 the number of road traffic related fatalities grew again, a trend which has not yet shown signs of easing, but rather continues to increase. In fact, in his absence, and under the tenure of the Rajoy government, the number of deaths began and continued to rise after the continuous decade of falls.

Gregorio Serrano faced criticism over his management of the chaos caused by snowfall that isolated thousands of drivers on the AP-6 last January. His predecessor, María Seguí, left the organisation after former Minister Jorge Fernández Díaz withdrew his support and opened an urgent investigation into the financing of research projects where her husband worked, an investigation that was later shelved.

Navarro, who was born in 1952 and is originally from Barcelona, left the DGT upon Mariano Rajoy and the Partido Popular taking government. When he left the DGT, Navarro went to Rabat as employment counsellor at the Spanish Embassy in Morocco.

There is no doubt that his appointment will lead to drastic changes. Navarro has remained convinced that the number of victims can be reduced again. He believes that the maximum permitted speed on secondary roads must be reduced to 90 kilometres per hour and that a specific safety plan for motorcycles, for both riders and other road users, must be introduced.

Navarro also considers that a good road safety policy goes hand in hand with a "good mobility policy". In a recent interview, he said how, "we have to talk about the way we move, to order to do it in a sustainable, reasonable and safe way."

Currently, Navarro is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Pons Foundation, which is dedicated to raising awareness of road safety, social progress of business innovation, and the dissemination and defence of Intellectual Property, amongst others.

### Avoiding the Safety Car Effect

During special operations, as was the case this weekend with the first major road traffic movement for summer, more traffic patrols can be seen on the road. However, sometimes the sight of these patrols can cause unnecessary delays, through a phenomenon known as the ‘Safety Car’ effect.



Often, when drivers see a Guardia Civil or police patrol, they instinctively feel a reluctance to overtake, even though there may be two or more lanes, the way is clear, and there is no obvious reason not to pass, some drivers feel a fear and automatically ease back. All too often, this is unnecessary.

Of course, it is true that if you are caught breaking the law, speeding for example, then it would be natural to assume that a patrol would stop you and deal with the offence committed, but under normal driving conditions, if you are abiding by the law, there is no reason for you to be stopped.

As you go about your journey, you don´t know what the patrol is doing. Maybe they are intentionally driving below the speed limit, maybe they are making observations along the road, who knows what they are doing, and, actually, it´s none of our business.

If you see a patrol ahead and they are driving normally (remember, traffic cars have blue lights illuminated all the time, so that is not an indicator of a problem), look at you and your own actions. Are you driving within the law, within the speed limit, allowing the correct distance, etc, in other words, do what you would do with a normal car. If it is safe, legal and convenient for you to overtake, then do so. Treat the patrol vehicle like you would any other.

If the patrol does not want you to pass, they will signal you to stay back, by using flashing lights, a matrix sign, or flags. If there is not an emergency, you may pass, if it is safe, legal and convenient to do so.

Safety cars are used on racetracks to slow down racers because of a problem ahead. The roads are not racetracks, there are no safety cars. If there is a problem, you will know about it. If everything looks normal, then it is.

### San Miguel Delays after Truck Overturns

A truck overturned on the AP-7 motorway on Friday morning, resulting in delays to the local road network.

Fortunately, the three people injured in the incident, three men aged 24, 25 and 61, suffered only minor injuries.

An emergency ambulance and a paramedic unit were sent to the scene near the Alicante town of San Miguel de Salinas where they treated the injured before transferring them to Torrevieja hospital.



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### Renting a Car – Your European Rights

Although there are no specific EU rules on car rental, when you rent a car in another EU country you also enjoy your fundamental rights as a consumer. This includes:

 	right to clear information
 	right to a fair contract
 	access to alternative dispute resolution in case of conflict with the company

When renting a vehicle, you have to distinguish between rental companies and intermediaries or mediators. Intermediaries do not rent vehicles, but reserve them with the rental company on behalf of the consumer. In case of conflict, the rental company is exclusively responsible for executing the contract, unless the latter says otherwise.

Right of limited cancellation

If you have reserved a vehicle through the internet, telephone or mail in the EU, you do not automatically have the right to cancel the reservation and ask for a refund of the amount paid, although perhaps the general conditions of the contract with the rental company allow it.

The rental of vehicles is not included in the EU regulations that establish a reflection period of 14 days.

Principle of non-discrimination

Vehicle rental companies are free to set their prices and conditions in different EU countries based on their costs and other factors. Now, if you rent a vehicle - either online or by going in person to a company branch - European rules prohibit discrimination based on nationality or country of residence.
Example

Stefanie, a German citizen, wants to rent a car in Ireland. The price indicated on the company's website is 70 euro.

But when Stefanie gives her address to the company, the price increases to 140 euro. The reason given is that he is not an Irish resident.

As it seems unfair, Stefanie goes to the European Consumer Centre, which convinces the company to comply with European standards.
Before booking, inform yourself!

Before booking a vehicle, make sure you have understood the conditions correctly. The main aspects that you should notice are:

Insurance coverage

All rental vehicles must be covered by civil liability insurance against third parties, valid in all EU countries. The insurance must be included in the rental price.

In addition, you can obtain coverage for other risks: injury to the driver, damage to the vehicle, theft of the vehicle or your personal effects, vandalism or legal defence.

Make sure you know what damage your insurance covers. This must appear in the general conditions of the rental contract.

Driving a rented vehicle in another country

If you want to drive a rented vehicle in several countries, you must inform the company when booking the vehicle. If you are authorised to take the vehicle to another country, you can ensure that you carry the documentation in order, as well as insurance and coverage in the event of a breakdown.

If you live in the EU and rent a vehicle in a non-EU country, such as Switzerland, special rules apply when driving through EU countries.

If you want to use the vehicle inside and outside the EU - for example, to travel from Switzerland to France, Germany, Austria or Italy - you must first inform the rental company. This can ensure you are provided with a vehicle registered in the EU that complies with the community customs regulations. In Switzerland, most rental companies provide EU residents with cars with EU registration that comply with EU customs regulations. Anyway, it is convenient to check if it is the case of the rental company that you have chosen.

In addition, the rental company must ensure that the vehicle complies with the customs and traffic regulations of the country for which you are going to travel. For example, in many countries winter tires are mandatory for certain months of the year.

If you drive in other EU countries, check the information on road safety.

Validity of driving licence

If you want to rent and drive a vehicle in another EU country, you should also check if your licence is valid in that country.

For more information about your rights as a European citizen, visit the official site of the European Community, europa.eu.

### Five Drones will Patrol the Roads this Summer

The Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) has announced that as part of this year´s special summer traffic monitoring operation, they will have five drones watching the roads from the air, in addition to the usual fleet of helicopters, planes and ground patrols.



Spain´s Interior Minister, Fernando Grande-Marlaska, made the announcement this week as he explained the additional plans put in place for this summer with the aim of making the roads safer for all during the summer, when 89.3 million trips are forecast, 2% more than last year.

The drones are destined to operate primarily on conventional roads, where 80% of those killed in traffic collisions occur. Strengthening support for the island communities, one of the ten helicopters will be watching over the Balearic Islands, whilst one of the five drones, will operate from the Canary Islands due, according to the minister, to the increase of displacements in both archipelagos. For the moment, the minister has pointed out that unlike the Pegasus equipped helicopters, the drones will only be dedicated to traffic monitoring, not enforcement (yet).

You can read more about the different types of drone in use in the last edition of RoadWatch eMagazine (click this link to read it for free).

During the presentation, the minister was accompanied by the undersecretary of the Ministry of the Interior, Isabel Goicoechea, and the General Director of Traffic, Gregorio Serrano, amongst others.

The governmental representatives detailed how this year they anticipate approximately 43.6 million trips in July, whilst in August, it is expected that there will be close to 45.7 million journeys by road.

As always during the summer the operation is spread over the entire period, operating in blocks of two weeks, based around the usual vacation period, with traffic initially leaving the inland and city areas to head towards coastal and mountainous regions at the beginning, returning at the end, and in the middle, a combination of both. Meanwhile, during the entire holiday period, the leisure areas will see more local journeys taking place, often by drivers a little unsure of their surroundings and facing a busier period themselves, thus making driving often a more stressful experience than it should be.

The Three Special Operations

During the period, there will be three special operations. The first one will begin this Friday, June 29 at 3:00 p.m. and will last until 12:00 p.m on Sunday, July 1. During this weekend, it is anticipated that 4.4 million trips are planned. The second operation will be from July 31 to August 1 and the third will begin on August 31, extending to September 1 and 2.

The ministerial team continued to explain that during the summer, road surveillance will be reinforced every weekend as well as on 14 and 15 August, due to the changeover of the fortnight vacation, and the celebration of numerous patron saint festivities.

In addition to the summer traffic operation, there will also be the usual, “Operation Paso del Estrecho”, which will take place from June 15 to September 15, adding another 700,000 road trips, usually with heavily laden vehicles, planned.

During the entire summer period, the minister has asked for "safety", "confidence" and "solidarity" with other road users. "We do not only play with our own lives, but we play with the lives of others," said Grande-Marlaska, who says he is "worried" about road traffic incident figures. "We carry a weapon when we drive, it is an extremely dangerous element," he warned.

The advice is always the same. Allow extra time for your journey, however long or short, stay calm at all times, maintain a safe distance and adhere to the rules of the roads, such as maximum permitted speed limits. Never consume alcohol or drugs before driving. Switch off your mobile phone completely and give 100% concentration to the task of driving.

### Going Abroad – Be Prepared

If you are planning to drive abroad this summer, it pays to be prepared, and one of the easiest ways to be is by using the European Union´s official app.

Use the European Road Safety App to find all important road safety rules before going abroad or while on the road in Europe. Entertain your passenger(s) with two fun games about road safety.

The app features road traffic rules in the EU (as compiled by the European Commission).



You can get more information and visit country specific details here:

http://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/going_abroad/index_en.htm

For Spain, this is the direct link:

http://ec.europa.eu/transport/road_safety/going_abroad/spain/index_en.htm

 

### Two Cyclists Killed on Saturday

Investigations are underway to determine the causes of two road traffic incidents in the Valencia region which have resulted in two cyclists being killed.



The first incident occurred just after 11:00 on the N-332, between the Alicante towns of Guardamar del Segura and Santa Pola, in the La Marina area of Elche.

The 51-year old male cyclist left the road along the right hand side and fell into the embankment.

An emergency ambulance took the cyclist to hospital in Elche where he died as a result of the incident.

Meanwhile, a 50-year-old cyclist was involved in an incident at around 15:45 on Saturday on a road located within the municipality of Alcossebre in Castellón. A paramedic attended this incident by helicopter, but emergency services could only confirm the death of the rider.

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### Plans for N-332 Widening Scheme Project Officially Awarded

The end of traffic chaos on the N-332 coastal road as it passes Torrevieja has taken the next step of becoming reality as this week the Ministry of Development has confirmed the road widening project with the publication in the Official State Gazette (BOE) of the draft plans.



As previously reported, the tender advanced in May, finally becoming a reality following the change in government at both the regional and local level, and has now been formalised with the publication in the BOE.

The company that will carry out the work is a consultancy specialised in transport projects, Consultrans SU, with a contracted offer of 492,000 euro, half of the initial tender price of 986,000 euro, tax included.

The execution period is 18 months, which takes us to December 2019. When the project is approved, it must pass the environmental impact assessment and, if it succeeds, the Ministry of Development must tender, if it has a budget, the award of the construction of the widening and duplication to a double-lane dual carriageway for the eight kilometres which pass Torrevieja, with an estimated investment of around 40 million euro. Thus, the actual widening work could begin in the last stretch of 2020, assuming all goes to plan.

The completion of the work will be a huge relief for the residents, businesses and visitors to the area, all of whom are tired of the matter seemingly becoming a political points scoring argument, rather than support for the resolution. Even now, the now opposition Partido Popular have criticised the current administration, keen to forget that the original delays were due to problems caused by their lack of action whilst in office.

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### Tragedy as Toddler Killed by Mother in Parking Incident

A 21-month-old girl has died after being run over by a vehicle driven by her mother when was carrying out a parking manoeuvre in Guadalajara.

The incident occurred on Saturday evening when the mother was parking her car on calle Constitución de Guadalajara in a car park near to the Alvar Fáñez de Minay college.

The child was initially taken to a clinic in the city and later transferred in an ICU at Niño Jesús Hospital in Madrid, where she tragically died on Sunday.

An investigation has been launched by the Local Police of Guadalajara who are reporting to the Judicial and Scientific sector of the National Police.

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### Latest Drink and Drug Driving Figures Show Alarming Results

From data collected during the latest special campaign monitoring for the misuse of alcohol or drugs behind the wheel, the DGT has revealed the alarming state of the number of drivers detected.

Portable drug testing kit

The campaign, which ran from the 4th until the 10th of June, revealed that every day 450 drivers were detected having consumed alcohol or drugs, almost 19 every hour. Of course, more alarming is the fact that to this figure we must consider those drivers who were not detected.

During the week-long period, officers from the Guardia Civil traffic police stopped 173.783 drivers and subjected them to alcohol and / or drugs tests. The progressive increase in drug controls is a consequence of the high percentage of drivers who drive under the influence of drugs and alcohol, since, according to the latest report on the Study of the Prevalence of drug and alcohol consumption of vehicles in Spain (EDAP ), 12% of randomly chosen drivers tested positive for alcohol and drugs above legal limits.

Regarding the drug tests, of the 4,469 tests that were done on drivers who had displayed signs or symptoms of having ingested a substance, committed a violation or being involved in an incident, 1,461 were positive, which is 33% of the total. Among the drugs most commonly used by these drivers are cannabis (1,047 cases), cocaine (498 cases) and amphetamines (178 cases).

With regard to alcohol, 174,689 blood alcohol control tests were carried out and 1,774 drivers tested positive. Of these, 1,547 were detected in preventive controls, 130 after having committed an offence, another 90 for being involved in an incident and 7 more for presenting obvious symptoms of alcohol intake.

Of the 1,774 drivers who tested positive for alcohol, 239 have had their cases presented to the courts for exceeding the rate of 0.60 mg / l in exhaled air. In addition, cases against 11 drivers have been brought to justice for refusing to carry out alcohol tests.

To both of these figures, once collated, we must also add the number of controls and detections carried out by local and regional police, who supported the Guardia Civil during the campaign.



Amongst the more unusual cases during this campaign occurred in Burgos when traffic officers reported an ambulance driver who had picked up patients for transfer to the University Hospital. Whilst travelling on the N-234 road, the driver tested positive for amphetamines and Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is the main constituent of marijuana.

In Murcia, in the ​​Santomera service station, the driver of an 18-ton articulated vehicle was driving five times the maximum rate of alcohol(remember, all maximum permitted alcohol rates are lower in Spain than the UK for example, but professional drivers have even stricter limits).

### How to Act if Another Driver Harasses you on the Road

Road rage or harassment can have serious and sometimes fatal consequences. In an ideal world, we would all drive in a safe, courteous and legal manner, maintaining a safe speed and distance, allowing other drivers to proceed if appropriate, staying calm and concentrating on the task of driving. But, in reality, we don´t live in an ideal world.

All too often we see or experience the same, the bad practices of driving too close, overtaking with hostile and insulting gestures, closing gaps to prevent vehicles from joining the traffic flow in front of us, all of which can be sanctioned with fines, the loss of points and, in the worst cases, even prison, so why does it happen?

Driving can create extreme situations that end in aggressive decisions. Even a simple delay in a car not driving off when the lights turn green can be enough to prompt an aggressive reaction, at least according to a study by Preventis, as if we didn´t know, with a survey of 1,000 drivers, that revealed that 40% of Spanish drivers are very disturbed by traffic incidents and only 17% say they remain unchanged.

Te first and most important advice to avoid being a victim of an escalating incident is to not engage in any way. Avoid eye contact, stay calm, don´t react, and, if possible, leave the road as soon as you can to escape from the situation, stopping and calming down if necessary. Having a passenger note the registration number of the vehicle may prove useful, but not to antagonise the situation, still, do not engage in any way.

You can report the behaviour later to the Guardia Civil, and, if you have dashcam footage for example, you can show that to the officers afterwards, you do not need to engage or get involved at the time, you can report it at the earliest convenience.

In the event of the situation appearing to continue, even though you have tried to escape, you can call for assistance by dialling 112 immediately, reporting your position, but still avoiding eye contact and not engaging with the other people involved.

 

The Guardia Civil will take action if they feel it necessary, but in any case will at least have a record of the incident should it happen again in the future.

 

Actions such as insulting other drivers, cutting them up, being immersed in a fight, or crashing into another vehicle and fleeing, are traffic safety infractions covered by the Penal Code.

Specifically, the act of insulting other drivers is a violation as established in article 18 of the General Circulation Regulations, "the driver of a vehicle is obliged to maintain his own freedom of movements, the necessary field of vision and the permanent attention to driving ... ». The mild insults are punishable in the criminal code with a fine of 10 to 20 days taking into account the personal and economic circumstances of the defendant, and the non-payment may entail the fulfilment of prison.

Safety distance is key to avoiding most collisions that occur. In addition, according to recent studies, 21% of drivers on Spain´s roads do not respect it.

The regulations explain that the safety distance is that which allows the vehicle to be completely stopped in case of emergency and sudden braking without colliding with the preceding vehicle, taking into account the speed, braking conditions and instantaneous adherence.

The regulations state that every driver must keep a safe distance to stop the vehicle completely in case of emergency without hitting the vehicle in front.

For this space to be correct, we must be aware of traffic conditions that can change constantly and that the same references do not work if driving in dry, wet, with high traffic density, so that the minimum distance varies, without forgetting, of course, the degradation of the tires or the braking system.

In any case, safety distance results from adding two other distances or factors:

 	Reaction time: The time it takes from when the driver detects an obstacle until making the decision to brake. In optimal conditions it is usually 0.75 to 1 second.
 	Braking distance: The distance the vehicle travels from when the brake pedal is pressed until the vehicle stops. To be as low as possible, we must take the car in good condition, which includes tyres, braking system, cargo, etc. Car maintenance is basic.

In normal circumstances, the trick of 'half a metre' can be valid: when we drive behind a vehicle, we will multiply 0,5 for each kilometre per hour we go. This simple operation will give a safe reference in metres. For example, if we drive at 100 km / h, it would be 50 meters that we should maintain approximately.

Another trick is more complex, as we can multiply the number of tens of our speed by itself. That is to say, if we go to 120 km / h we multiply by 12 to obtain 144 metres of distance. As you can see, a slower operation to do it mentally, taking into account the other factors to pay attention to while driving.

However, by far the simplest of all tricks is the ‘two second rule’. It is still not an exact science, and may not allow for precise calculations, but the two second rule is the easiest as you simply need to identify a point of reference for the vehicle in front to pass, and then count at lest 2 seconds until you reach that same reference point. Look out for any fixed object, a tree, a lamppost, a bus stop, and ten when the vehicle in front passes it, say to yourself, “only a fool breaks the two second rule”, calmly and slowly, and if you pass the same point before you have finished the sentence, you need to back off further. Remember, in wet weather, stopping distances are at least doubled, and in icy conditions they could be up to 10 times more.

On the motorways in Spain, it is better to allow for a minimum of 3 seconds, leaving the two second rule for other roads. The simple phrase, “1101, 1102 and 1103”, spoken normally, usually takes 3 seconds to complete. Remember, the more time, the greater the distance, the better.

 

### Lions Runners Reported for Driving Offences

A number of drivers participating in the annual Lion´s Run car race have been reported for a variety of offences for speeding, and drink or drug driving offences.



The internationally renowned annual race of high-end vehicles began in Paris on the 6th of June, and is set to end in Ibiza. This non-competitive event normally lasts 8 days and is regularly checked to ensure traffic regulations are adhered to in the countries through which it runs.

During checks arranged by the Guardia Civil traffic police in both the Valencian Community and the Community of Aragon, vehicles were monitored during their Spanish leg of the route.

In the Aragon region, 9 vehicles were reported for excessive speed, with one of them detected driving at 202 kilometres per hour.

In the Valencian Community, as a consequence of the operation, 29 high-end vehicles were checked, and as a result, 9 drivers were reported for speeding, 5 of which gave a positive result due to the presence of drugs in the body, and 1 for exceeding the legally established blood alcohol levels.

Also, two complaints were made for infractions to the general driving rules, one of them for reckless driving when the driver removed half of the body of the vehicle to film it. Also a foreign driver was denounced for possession of marijuana.

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### Road Rage Victim Dies in Hospital

The suspect believed to be responsible for stabbing a 31-year-old man in a road rage incident at the weekend was remanded in custody by the courts on Thursday.



The 31-year-old victim, Daniel F.C. from Alicante, died on Saturday at the Hospital La Fe after six days in an induced coma after an altercation during a traffic discussion in the service area of ​​the A-7 in Benifaió.

The aggressor fled with his vehicle on the motorway in the direction of Albacete, but was arrested two hours later in Algemesí by a traffic patrol of the Guardia Civil. The detainee, who has several criminal records, confessed to stabbing his victim during the incident.

The violent events occurred around 10 am on June 4, when the two drivers stopped their vehicles next to a gas station, got out of the cars and discussed why the offender had made several manoeuvres, such as braking and lane changes, which bothered the young man when they were driving on the A-7.

Daniel, who was accompanied by his girlfriend, pushed the other man without realising that he was holding a small knife. After an argument, the 55-year-old perpetrator slashed a knife in the left side of the young man when he placed his hands on his chest to push him away.

The deadly aggression was recorded by a video camera at the gas station. The victim did not realise at the time that he had been stabbed. The prick with the knife was very fast and Daniel hardly felt any pain. A nephew of the armed individual also got out off the vehicle to confront the young man, although this second man did not participate in the aggression. Daniel's girlfriend got out of the car then to try to calm things down, and the four people calmed down after a few moments of great tension and nervousness with insults and serious threats.

The two men hurriedly climbed into a Class A Mercedes and continued on the A-7 towards Albacete. The couple also went to their vehicle to leave, and it was at that precise moment when Daniel discovered that he had a knife wound on his left side. The knife had pierced the heart of the young man, who was still walking without being aware of the fatal injury he had received.

When he entered the gas station to ask for help, Daniel lost consciousness and fell into the arms of his girlfriend. The victim was bleeding. The girl asked an employee at the service station to call 112. As Daniel's life hung by a thread, a patrol of the Local Police of Benifaió responded to the emergency call and proceeded urgently to the scene.

After just a few minutes, the first responders arrived at the service station. After evaluating the situation and the serious state of the man, the police officers decided to get the victim into their patrol car to urgently take him to the nearest medical centre.

Shortly after, the Guardia Civil arrived and took charge of the investigation, launching an urgent operation to locate and arrest the perpetrator.

Whilst a paramedic ambulance took over the care of the victim, transferring him to the La Fe Hospital in Valencia, the description of the vehicle and suspect were disseminated to all the patrols that they were on duty in the province of Valencia.

The search operation paid off as around 12 o'clock, just 2 hours after the incident, a Guardia Civil traffic patrol spotted the suspect vehicle leaving the A-7 motorway at Algemesí, and proceeded to stop the car. The officers ordered the two men to get out of the vehicle whilst they searched and identified them. The prime suspect cooperated with the officers and acknowledged that he had stabbed the young man when he pushed him after the traffic discussions.

The officers found the bloodied knife in the pocket of the man's pants, so they detained the individual for a crime of injuries and then they transferred him to the Guardia Civil barracks in Almussafes, where he was detained until the next day, when the judge ordered the assailant to be imprisoned when they informed him of the serious condition of the victim.

After six days in an induced coma, Daniel died at the Hospital, despite medical efforts. The man imprisoned as alleged perpetrator was informed that he will be prosecuted for a crime of homicide. The court of Carlet (Valencia) ordered this detention in prison on Thursday.

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### Police Intercept Drugged Driver at 128kmph

The Municipal Police of Pamplona have caught a drugged-up driver who was travelling at 128 kilometres per hour on a road where the maximum permitted limit was 50.



The incident occurred on Wednesday night at 9:00 pm, when a mobile radar was set up on Avenida de Pío XII, at the junction with the Vuelta del Castillo.

Once intercepted, the driver, a young man of 22 years of age, was subjected to a drugs test, which proved positive.

On account of the seriousness of the offences, the driver has been reported for a crime against road safety for which he must appear before the courts.

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### Three Times Over the Limit Cyclist Reported

A cyclist has been reported by the Guardia Civil for being almost three times over the maximum permitted alcohol limit.



The cyclist was riding on the CM-4124 road near the Ciudad Real town of Bolaños de Calatrava when the officers stopped the rider and carried out the breathalyser test.

Cyclists are reminded that they are governed by the same rules as any other vehicle on the road and, therefore, are prohibited from riding with more than the prescribed limit of alcohol in their system.

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### Come and Meet us at the International Expo Spain

This weekend, members of the N332 and RoadWatch teams will be attending the International Expo Spain on the Orihuela Costa.



The event is taking place from Friday 15 until Sunday 17 Of June at the Arrocería El Sarmiento, just off the N-332 main road, between Punta Prima and La Zenia.

You can find out more information about the event on their Facebook page or website, links at the bottom of this article.

We will be around at various times throughout most of the weekend, plus, on the Saturday from 1pm, we will be joined by members of the team from Clinica La Siesta, who will be on hand to answer questions about driving licence renewals, and even questions about the medical and processes required to exchange or renew your licence, and avoid complications.

The event itself will play host to a wide range of businesses and associations and is free to enter and browse around, so well worth popping along to and spending a couple of hours strolling through the various stands and stalls on offer.

Our good friends from Blacktower Financial Management are one of the exhibitors, with experts on hand all weekend offering free financial advice.

Our trusted quality used car dealer friends, Autos Direct, are also going to be there, showing off some of the cars for sale from their San Miguel showroom, including a couple of the more unusual types (we´ll not spoil the surprise by telling you what they are, you´ll have to come and see).

As the organisers themselves say, you will be able to speak to local experts in person and see everything you need in one place for a comfortable life in Spain!

Healthcare, Gardens, Property Agents, Solicitors, Artists, Restaurants, Solar, Awnings... to name a few of the interesting Exhibitors!

There is a cafe with outdoor seating for everyone, there are also performances on stage, music, fashion show and entrance is free, opening hours from 10am - 4pm each day.

 

More information:

http://www.expospain.eu/

https://www.facebook.com/events/147482272538619/

### Highway Robbers Arrested

Another group of heartless robbers, who would target innocent victims on the A-7 motorway, mostly tourists, have been arrested by the Catalan police.

The group are believed to have been responsible for more than 50 highway robberies, targeting service and rest areas along the motorway network.

So far, 15 people have been arrested, all natives of Kosovo and with various backgrounds in different European countries such as France, Germany and Italy.

They used high-end vehicles to ensure a quick escape after committing the crimes or to flee from the police in the event of being discovered. So far, investigators have been able to associate this group with around 50 crimes committed in the 6 months that the investigation has taken place, although it still remains open to others.

The gang would use various techniques to rob innocent victims of valuables and money from inside parked vehicles after distracting their occupants. One of his most common tricks was to warn the victims that they had the flat tire and pretend to help them.

The arrests were made on June 6 in the towns of Castelldefels, Badalona, ​​Barcelona and Vilanova i la Geltrú. Those arrested are accused of being the perpetrators of the crimes of theft, against traffic safety, forgery and a robbery with intimidation.

One of the detainees was alerted to the police operation and escaped on the motorway in the direction of Valencia, but was followed by the police who stopped and arrested the suspect in Vilanova i la Geltrú.

Between them, the detainees have accumulated hundreds of police records, some having already been arrested in 2013 for similar offences.



The investigation, which has lasted almost six months, took place with the collaboration of the company Abertis, which manages the motorways, and began at the end of last year when the police were aware that there had been a theft of 27,000 euro at km 120 of the AP-7.

During the investigation, the officers proved that the detainees have a very high degree of specialisation, perfected over the years. The members of the organization have defined roles and choose victims mostly of foreign origin, because of the large amounts of money they often carry in cash for their vacation.

They acted in three groups, but they were coordinated and directed by four bosses. The dismantled organisation had the established base in Catalonia and was nourished by itinerant components that took advantage of such times as the summer season, in which there is a greater influx of foreigners on the highways. Subsequently, to avoid being stopped by the police, they left Spain for a while and continued to operate in other countries.

All of them used falsified documentation on a regular basis to identify themselves when they were detected by police officers, as well as renting the vehicles in which they were travelling.

Of the members of the gang investigated, only six have stable domicile in Spain, while the rest were staying temporarily in Catalonia, in several hostels and hotels of different towns during the period they intended to commit thefts. Other members of the group continuously changed the homes where they resided to make detection more difficult, while those who lived in stable homes had taken very advanced security measures to avoid being detected and followed.

The group acted in two ways to identify their victims. The main 'modus operandi' was the "pincharuedas", which consists of a member of the gang puncturing a tyre on the victim's vehicle and then following the vehicle until the victim had to stop on the hard shoulder, at which time the perpetrators also took advantage of the disabled vehicle to subtract the objects from inside.

However, in most cases, and given the degree of specialisation acquired by the band, they no longer needed to puncture the wheel of the victims' vehicle. Simply, once having detected the vehicle they wanted to assault, they urged the driver to stop on the hard shoulder or in the same service or rest area of the highway, making the driver believe there was a problem in the vehicle. Once stopped and with the excuse of providing assistance, the authors distracted the victims while taking advantage of the objects inside the vehicle.

 

N332.es has created a helpful video explaining how to identify a real Guardia Civil unmarked vehicle to help prevent similar distractions. Remember, ig you are ever in any doubt if a vehicle trying to flag you down is real, immediately dial 062 if you speak Spanish, or 112 for other international languages, and the emergency control centres will either be able to advise you of the validity of the vehicle, or summon help straight away.



 

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### My British Registered Car has an Expired MOT. Can I get an ITV done in Spain instead?

This is a very common question, and also one which has caused some confusion amongst the owners of foreign registered vehicles, but the simple answer to the question is no.



The technical inspection certificate for a vehicle is only valid when issued in the country of registration, in the case of this vehicle, the MOT certificate issued in the U.K. If your MOT has expired, you must make arrangements for the vehicle to be transported back to the U.K. for a test to be carried out, remembering that from the moment the MOT expires, you are not able to drive the vehicle on the roads in Spain.

Many people have reported taking their foreign registered cars to ITV stations and having an inspection carried out, and certified, so how is this possible? Well, the simple answer is this. You may take any vehicle to an ITV station and the inspectors will indeed conduct a test and issue a report. However, if you look closely at this report, on the top, it states that it is a “voluntary inspection”. In other words, it has no legal standing in Spain.

You may be concerned about a fault with your car, or you may just want a mechanic with superior knowledge to check your car for faults, which is why the inspectors will carry out examinations on any vehicle. But again, the point is that these examinations, on foreign registered vehicles, are voluntary and have no legal standing.

So, you may of course take your British registered car to an ITV station, assuming your MOT is valid when you drive there, and you will be inspected at your request, but this ITV certificate does not, in any way, replace the requirement for the vehicle to return to the UK in order for it to be subject to your mandatory MOT inspection.

### Cyclists Advised over Responsibilities

The DGT has sent a message through their social media platforms trying to reach out to cyclists to be aware of their behaviour and responsibilities on public roads.



The aim was to advise cyclists of their responsibilities, but not in a manner that should allow for suspicion other than the facts that these rules are there for the safety and security of all road users, including the cyclists themselves.

Although many cyclists do of course abide by the law, there are some who ignore it on a regular basis. In Granada, for example, complaints against to cyclists have doubled in a year.

The first points raised are over visibility. Wearing a reflective vest is mandatory during times of poor visibility, and it is advisable at all times.

When a cycle is on the road, it is a vehicle just like any other, and the rider must abide by the same laws, including the maximum permitted alcohol level of 0.5 grams per litre in blood or 0.25 milligrams per litre in expelled air.

At pedestrian crossings, you must get off the bike to cross. Cyclists are not permitted to ride across pedestrian crossings any more than a car can. It is also important to remember that the pavement is for pedestrians, unless cycles are expressly permitted.

Using headphones or a mobile phone is expressly forbidden when driving a car, but the same also applies when riding a bicycle, the same rules apply remember.

We have also compiled a list of another ten of the most popular mistakes that can result in infractions, all punishable by a fine, and here in no particular order

When a circular sign notifies cyclists of the presence of a cycle lane, it is mandatory for cycles to use it, not the main carriageway of the road. The only exception being for high-powered racing bikes outside the city.

Bicycles must have both front and rear brakes, and both must be working.

As mentioned, the use of headphones connected to music players or other devices is prohibited.

You must signal your intention to manoeuvre, and wear a helmet. In the city it is mandatory for children under 16 and it is compulsory for everyone on the roads outside city limits.

Any manoeuvre must be signalled in advance and performed in sufficient space.

On roundabouts, cyclists in a group have priority when on the roundabout, provided that the lead cyclist has already entered the roundabout.

Lights at the front and rear are mandatory.

When on a one-way street, cyclists must always flow in the direction of the traffic

A bell is mandatory on a bicycle.

In areas where cycling is permitted, pedestrians must be given adequate space and clearance.

### Truck Crash Closes Elche Motorway

An articulated truck, loaded with melons, overturned, crashed and burst into flames, blocking the A7 motorway in the area of the Elche university.



The incident occurred at around lunchtime on Wednesday, resulting in the truck blocking the entire motorway in one direction.

Footage and images from the scene showed the cab of the truck on fire and help being rendered to injured parties by the roadside.

Despite the dramatic images, nobody was seriously injured in the crash, the two occupants of the truck escaping before the blaze took hold.

An investigation is being carried out to ascertain the cause of the crash, whilst fire fighters tackled the blaze, officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department worked through the afternoon to try to get the motorway reopened to traffic as soon as possible.



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### Congress Agrees to Warnings of Santa Pola Black Spots

Thanks to lobbying by the Ciudadanos political group, the government has agreed to plans to eliminate infamous black spots on N-332 at Santa Pola.



National spokesperson for the group, Pepe Cano, presented the plans to the Commission on Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility to carry out works to improve road safety on the N-332 road in the Santa Pola area, after a number of incidents over recent years.

Pepe Cano confirmed that the plan for the improvements “has been supported by all groups, except the PP”, but warned that, “these projects have been pending implementation since 2006, twelve years already. Neither the PSOE nor the PP have done anything, one more example, very typical of bipartisanship, of not executing budgets although what is at stake is security.”

The local coordinator in Santa Pola, José Antonio Aibar, justified the urgency of intervening in this way, in which 4 fatalities have been registered since 2016, “the last one a 44-year-old biker last February and in 2016 a 17-year-old boy who was hit by a truck due to the lack of hard shoulder,” he reported. Specifically, at kilometre 88 of the N-332 there have been 24 incidents since 2009, three of which have taken place in the last nine months “without the competent authorities having reacted correctly despite the danger of that point”.

Cano has specified that the proposal includes the installation of vertical signage in the sections leading to kilometre 88 of the N-332 and extend it to the rest of the black points of the national roads in order to inform drivers to exercise caution in these areas. They also requested the immediate carrying out of conservation and maintenance works on the N-332 as it passes through Santa Pola in places such as the acceleration lane of Gran Alacant towards Alicante, the incorporation of Gran Alacant to Santa Pola and the underground passage of the entrance to Santa Pola, in order to improve road safety. “From Cs we are satisfied to have obtained a majority support. Now we hope that these necessary interventions will not be delayed anymore,” the deputy pointed out.

José Antonio Aibar also celebrated the great support obtained by the proposal and added that “something that draws much attention is that the PP does not support the improvement of the N-332, although it announced in 2017 that it would include the budgets of 2018 a plan to make improvements to the black spots, which finally has not happened”.

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### Skateboarding May Be Allowed on Pavements in Madrid

Skateboards may be permitted to be used on pavements, bicycle paths and other pedestrian areas of the city of Madrid, according to the final draft of the new Sustainable Mobility Ordinance, which will be approved on Thursday by the Government Board.



The document, whose main points were already announced last February, allows skateboards to travel under the same rules as skates and scooters without motors, since in the initial proposal of the ordinance its use was exclusively for sports, which meant it was restricted and limited to specifically designated areas.

"They will be able to go on the pavements at the pace of the pedestrians, who will always have priority, they will not be able to do jumps or acrobatics," municipal sources point out, however, for skateboards restrictions may be established for safety reasons on specific routes, for example, on bicycle paths that have a steep slope.

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### The most common infractions committed by motorcyclists

Motorcycles are an increasingly popular form of mobility, offering a fun alternative to the car, with benefits for the environment, for increasingly difficult parking places, of economic advantage, but also often resulting in drivers suffering some of the most serious injuries of all road users.

That said, the choice is still a popular one, especially at weekends, and during holiday periods, but many riders are apparently unaware of some of the most common infractions committed, or the subsequent penalties.

The penalty for acting carelessly on a motorcycle can cost between 10 and 30,000 euro as a fine, according to the experts of Multayuda, with the most common ones being forgetting documentation and not having complied with certain administrative procedures.

To try to assist bikers in becoming more aware of their responsibilities, they should hopefully be better equipped for safer riding, at least that is the hope of the Wiquot company, who has drawn up a list of the most common motorcycle fines, including negligence such as forgetting when to renew the ITV or changing the tyres.



The most common fines on motorcycles

 	Forgetting to carry a driver's licence. This oversight can result in a 10€ fine and must be submitted before 5 days to an office where the agents indicate. However, not having a driving licence can constitute a criminal offence, and so it is possible that the driver could have to spend a night in the cells until confirmation can be obtained.
 	Expired license. Not having renewed the licence carries a fine of 200€.
 	Forget passing the ITV. This procedure is obligatory and not doing so carries a fine of 200€. Not only that, once the ITV has expired, the bike cannot be ridden on the roads until the ITV is passed, and so alternative arrangements, such as with a grua, must be made to transport the vehicle to the testing station.
 	Not having updated address changes. The correct driver's information must appear on the driver's licence. If you have not notified the changes to the DGT you can be fined 80€.
 	Not wearing a helmet. This carries a fine of 200€ and the withdrawal of 3 points of the driver's licence. In addition, in the case of carrying another person and it is the passenger who is not wearing a helmet, it is the driver who will be held responsible and sanctioned.
 	Not having renewed the insurance. The fine for this infraction can range between 601 and 3,005€. In addition, it will mean the immediate immobilisation of the motorcycle.
 	Chaining the motorbike to street furniture. Beware that parking next to a street lamp or a road sign, for example, as this can result in a 30€ fine.
 	Parking on pavements and pedestrian squares. You may only park on sidewalks that are more than 3.5 meters wide. Doing so in public places will be sanctioned with a 30€ fine and in any place that obstructs the passage of pedestrians has a fine of 200€.
 	Dirty number plate. As with cars, the fine can be 200€. In addition, putting stickers or other type of ornaments in the licence plate is not allowed and carries a penalty of 80€.
 	Washing the motorbike in the street is prohibited and may result in a fine between 30 and 3,000€.
 	Refuelling inadequately. Putting fuel in the motorbike whilst the lights, the engine or the radio are on, as with cars, carries a penalty, in this case, the fine is 80€.
 	Parking on the sand on the beach can be one of the most expensive fines. For example, a parking lot in the sand of Roquetas de Mar (Almería) resulted in a fine of 30,505€, as it is a protected area.
 	Turning back. Stopping when passing a detour and turning back can cost 200€ and the withdrawal of 4 points of the licence.
 	Spinning or skidding wheels carries a fine of 100€.
 	Driving with worn tires is sanctioned with a fine of 200€.
 	Driving on the hard shoulder without cause is fined at 200€.
 	Driving without an appropriate licence. Holders of a full car licence may ride a motorbike up to 125cc. But driving a motorcycle more powerful or outside the scope of that permitted by the licence may result in a fine of 500€ and 4 points withdrawn from the licence, and another 200€ for the owner of the motorcycle. In addition, driving directly without a licence, such as never having held one or when withdrawn by the courts, may result in a prison sentence. In this case, the prison sentence can be between 3 and 6 months and will be accompanied by a fine and community service 1 to 3 months.

### Come and see the new traffic car in Torrevieja

Members of the Guardia Civil are at the marina area of Torrevieja today, displaying a range of tools and vehicles used in law enforcement.



There are static displays throughout the afternoon and demonstrations during the event.

It is free to visit and worth popping along to explore some of the hidden elements of this safety and security orientated corps.

### Red Light Jumping Cyclist has Bike Confiscated

A cyclist in Elche (Alicante) had his bike confiscated this week, after a Local Police patrol observed the cyclist riding through a red traffic light.

The officers observed the infraction on Tuesday in the city centre and proceeded to process the cyclist for committing a traffic offence. Upon speaking to the cyclist, the officers became concerned over the well being of the cyclist and proceeded with a drug test, which tested positive for cannabis.

In the interest of safety, the officers confiscated the bike and processed the cyclist for the additional offence of driving under the influence of drugs, in addition to the traffic light offence.

Cyclists are reminded that when they are on the road they are a governed by the same laws as all other vehicles, and so traffic law must be observed at all time.

Last month, officers from the Guardia Civil fined a cyclist one hundred euro for exceeding the peed limit on the CV-675 road, which links the Valencian towns of Barx and Gandia. A speed control detected the cyclist travelling at 77 kilometres per hour on the road where the maximum permitted speed was 60.

### RoadWatch Issue 13

Welcome to the latest edition of RoadWatch eMagazine. You can read the eMagazine FOR FREE at the end of this introduction post, or just scroll to the bottom if you prefer to skip this part. You can also purchase and download the PDF to your own device by clicking the button here...


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We have got lots to talk about in this issue, but first you might have noticed our new look. We have focused more on our main name, RoadWatch, in order to allow us to expand our coverage to feature a wider range of articles, not only covering Spain, but (eventually) the rest of Europe, and to allow us to expand the rest of our features to include interesting articles from our partners, which we hope will also be of use and service to you.
We are still part of the N332 Road Safety Project, which is why we are “In Conjunction with N332” on the cover, and so we have lots of articles of interest to driving in Spain, from carrying a bike to getting older, and an in-depth look at both speed and wearing seatbelts.



As always, we also give you some more secrets from the hidden treasure trove of tools available to the Guardia Civil to help in the quest for safer roads, and a detailed look at the mini eye-in-the-sky, drones.
From the world of motoring we have some great features this month, including the amazing beauty of our cover model, and a look at classics for sale.
As always, you can find more information on the websites, n332.es, and RoadWatch.eu, where you can get the latest articles constantly updated. You can also subscribe to our newsletter by clicking the link on the site, and be the first to hear about the latest issue of RoadWatch, when we publish it.
For now, enjoy this edition and stay safe.









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### Guardia Civil Exhibition in Torrevieja

This Sunday, Torrevieja (Alicante) will play host to an exhibition by the Guardia Civil, where you will be ale to meet some of the officers who work in the area, and explore some of the vehicles and equipment used in their daily activities.

 

The event will take place in the port area of the town on Sunday 20th may.

Come with your family and friends. You are welcome to take a photos in the vehicles!

There will be special exhibitions showing the work of police dogs work, bomb disposal officers responsible for deactivating and analysing explosives, citizen security patrols and the new traffic police motorbikes.

Please share it among your friends.

Sunday 20th May from 10.00 till 18.00 in the port of Torrevieja.

### The Braking System

The vehicle´s braking system consists of a series of elements that work together to stop the vehicle.

Every time the brakes are applied, the system works together to provide effective friction in order to slow, and hopefully stop, the vehicle.

The braking system is fundamentally similar on all vehicles, however, there are significant differences in each make and model, a lightweight and less powerful vehicle does not have the same requirements to stop as a sports car capable of high performance, or a large SUV, which will exceed two and a half tons of weight in running order, for example.

The manufacturer looks for the best compromise between the effectiveness of the brakes and the price of the set at the time of its development. If we want to improve its effectiveness, brands usually have the option of more powerful equipment, which also might well increase the price to the consumer.



What it costs to brake by type of vehicle

The braking distance depends on many variables: condition and temperature of the road surface, tyres, shock absorbers, weight plus load and, above all, the speed of the vehicle. In addition, it will not be the same in a compact car as an SUV, which almost doubles in weight, or a sports car.

Types of brake: disc and drum

Currently, the automotive industry uses two main types of brakes: disc and drum. Almost all cars and motorcycles always mount discs on the front axle, while the drums are used on the rear axle of the basic versions of the lower segments, the most economical ones.

The base, in any case, is the same, with the same components in the main system through a circuit that allows the force to come by the pressure of the fluid.

The disc brakes have a disc attached to the hub of each wheel and are more effective and powerful, evacuating heat better. Its diameter depends on the weight of the car, its benefits ... and what we can afford.

The drum system is more economical and, although it offers a greater friction surface, it does not have the same capacity as the discs and dissipates the heat that occurs with friction. The drum is attached to the bushing and inside it go the shoes, on which the pressure is exerted.

Prices

As in any maintenance work, the price is variable in each province or workshop.

Brake pads. The pads can be purchased from about 15 euro, but the average cost of assembly in the workshop is around 105 euroin each axis, due to the complexity of the work.

Discs. In the disks, the variations are more evident, because these are specific for each car model, and cost from about 180 euro, to which we must add the cost of changing the pads.

Brake fluid. In the case of brake fluid, the average price is around 57 euro.

Pipes. The pipes are not very expensive, from approximately 20 euro, but when replacing them you have to change the circuit fluid too.

As the braking system is one of the most important safety systems in the car, caution must be exercised before attempting to perform any work yourself, leaving it to the professionals is often the best option.

### The Drugs Don´t Work

“Alcohol, cannabis and cocaine, the drugs that most affect driving”


Ignacio Bayón is the President of the Fundación de Ayuda contra la Drogadicción (FAD), and well equipped to speak about the dangers of drugs and addiction.

In an interview with the DGT´s own road safety magazine, Bayón makes it clear how drugs and driving don´t work.

Is there awareness of the risk that drugs carry at the wheel?

Undoubtedly, prevention campaigns have had a positive impact on the population. Information about the risks of drug use and coping is known to the majority of the population.

How can the use of drugs be prevented at the wheel?

You have to work from the risks, the benefits and the social context that leads to that behaviour.

Are controls effective to prevent consumption?

Control measures are always necessary but not sufficient. The most important thing is to educate young people from a preventive approach and work on the motivations and individual and social attitudes that produce problematic consumption.

Social networks, new technologies ... Are they more effective than traditional media?

Undoubtedly, especially for younger age groups and users of these networks, who no longer use traditional media to inform themselves. The 'influencers' are key to prevention.

What is the substance that is thought to affect driving the most?

I would not quote only one substance. In my opinion, alcohol, cannabis and cocaine.

### The Little Eye in the Sky

During the May holiday traffic operation, the DGT set about testing another vigilance device, one small enough to fit in a briefcase, but powerful enough to monitor a larger stretch of road that ground patrols ever could, their very own unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or DRONES as we like to call them.



The DGT currently has five drones: 1 Phantom 2, 1 Phantom 4 Pro, 1 Matrice 200 and 2 S900 units, with plans to buy another seven, as announced by the Director General of Traffic in a recent state budget.



The drones which were put to the test have a range of approximately 500 metres, operate at a height of 120 metres and offer 2 hours of autonomous flight, which gives an immediacy to their mobilization, operational flexibility and multipurpose use of the services to be provided.



According to Gregorio Serrano, “The incorporation of these unmanned devices to the aerial surveillance services of the DGT will contribute to better traffic management, greater protection for vulnerable groups (cyclists) and a better service in special operations, such as competitions for motorcycling, Paso delEstrecho or the device this weekend.”

The DGT is accredited by the State Air Safety Agency as an operator of remotely piloted aircraft systems. Likewise, the Helicopter Unit of the DGT is a pilot training organization for the issuance of basic and advanced certificates for drone piloting.

 

Meet the Drone Family

The DGT currently owns two drones from the Phantom brand, the company renowned for selling the most vehicles to the professional community. The DGT has one Phantom 2 and one Phantom 4 Pro, which stands out mainly due to its integrated high definition camera, its recording mode with stabilizer and its positioning and transmission system with GPS. In addition, the WiFi connection also allows the Phantom drones to fly higher than others in the same category.

There is also a Matrice 200 in the fleet, with high performance engines, coupled with 17-inch propellers, ensuring a stable flight in winds of speeds up to 35 km / h. The new dual battery system heats the batteries automatically on flights at temperatures below zero, and offers a 7 kilometre maximum operating distance, with 38 minutes of flight. The device is well insulated, ensuring resistance to water and weather, so it can fly in all kinds of environments. The downside, it is a much more expensive device than conventional drones.

As for the S900, this is a simple flying device with much more power than the small and manageable Phantom, being the ideal option for those professionals who want to take to the air, with a camera attached, in the shortest time. It only offers 18 minutes of flight, but is ready to go in an instant.

### Unmarked Motorbikes for the Guardia Civil

The Director General of Traffic, Gregorio Serrano,has announced plans to research adding unmarked motorbikes to the Guardia Civil’s fleet of vehicles.



The traffic department of the Guardia Civil already use unmarked cars on some speed monitoring campaigns, and during other enforcement activities such as monitoring the use of seatbelts or mobile phones whilst driving. Unmarked cars can also be used on covert surveillance.

This latest announcement would see traffic officers taking to the streets on unmarked motorbikes, which would not only allow for greater monitoring of vehicles, it would mean that deployment is both quicker and more adaptable to a variety of roads.

The unmarked bikes would not only be able to monitor cars and larger vehicles, their size and speed would also allow for better monitoring of the activities of more vulnerable road users, such as motorbikes and cyclists, both of whom have equal rights on the roads, but also equal responsibility to abide by the same laws.

Unmarked and discreet motorbikes are already deployed in countries such as the UK, where officers not only patrol on street bikes, but also off-road, tackling crime and offences in more rural areas cross-country.



The UK has also gone the opposite way in terms of covert enforcement, with a number of forces using unmarked HGV cabs to monitor and police the roads.



One of these vehicles took the head of the Highways Agency, who provided the vehicle, on a recent example drive, during which 6 drivers were seen using their mobile phones on the motorway and dealt with accordingly.



The enhancement of new equipment for the Spanish traffic law enforcement teams has seen compact speed, alcohol and drugs monitoring equipment being made available for the patrol bikes and adding these unmarked bikes to the fleet will ensure that those who choose to ignore the dangers are dealt with quicker, making the roads safer for all.

### Portable Drug Testing  Kits

One of the latest additions to the Guardia Civil´s road safety toolkit has been the portable drug testing kits.



Like the latest breathalysers and speed cameras, the kits are small enough to be carried in the panniers of motorbikes, as well as in the other vehicles operated by the corps.



Upon suspicion of a driver having consumed drugs, a saliva test is taken, which is then put into a secure part of the portable machine for analysis.

Within minutes, the results are presented to the officers which will either determine the all clear, or if any kind of drug has been consumed, and to what level.



A second sample of saliva is also taken and sealed into a specific unit which can then be used for evidence.

The whole process from start to finish takes just minutes, allowing innocent motorists to be on their way with little inconvenience, and for those who have consumed drugs to be dealt with immediately, thus instantly reducing the risk to other road users.

### The Integrated Patrol

In a pioneering model of road traffic policing across Europe, the Guardia Civil now operates the first vehicles under the banner name of the “Integrated Patrol”.



The Integrated Patrol is a new surveillance model which sees motorbikes equipped with all of the tools required for both surveillance and enforcement, key to reducing incidents involving some of the most fatal contributing factors to road traffic collisions and serious injuries or fatalities.

The motorbikes are equipped with portable breathalysers, evidential drug testing kits, and the new Velolaser portable speed monitoring equipment. Collectively, the officers on the bikes are able to monitor for the correct use of seatbelts, mobile phone use, alcohol and drug use, and speed, all from the equipment carried with them.

Surveillance and monitoring can be set up in the minimum of time, and on roads where other vehicles may not previously have been able to operate.



Once again to clear up a common misconception however, the equipment is carried with the motorbikes and is not fitted to it. IN other words, the motorbikes do not have radars and cameras fitted to them which can be used when they are moving. All of the equipment is carried in the panniers until it is used.

### Carrying a Bike Behind your Car

It is not uncommon to see cars carrying bicycles on cars, often on frames specifically designed for this purpose, but it is not always clear how the bike should be carried, and, more importantly, what additional signs or signals might be required.

There are two main points we must keep in mind when carrying a load at the rear of the vehicle, firstly, our lights and number plates must be clearly visible, and secondly, we must be conscious of whether the load, a bike in this case, protrudes from the rear and the sides of the vehicle. For other loads, we must also be conscious of whether it protrudes from the front, and the height, but on this instance, we are talking about carrying a bike at the rear of the vehicle.

So, the first thing to do is to buy a suitable carrying frame that will not only fit our bicycle, but must also securely fit to our vehicle. We must then attached additional lighting at the rear that replicates our vehicles own, rear lights, indicators, brake lights etc, and our number plate.

Once we have our frame secure, we must then consider the load itself, in this case our bike, and how it fits on the secured carrying frame.

In the case we are dealing with, which is that of passenger cars, depending on the width occupied by the load that protrudes from the rear, you may have to display one or two additional warning signs, the V-20.



The V-20 is a square panel (50 by 50 centimetres) with diagonal and alternating stripes of white and red.



If the transported object (our bicycle in this case) is less than the maximum width of the vehicle from the rear (including the rear-view mirrors), a single V-20 signal will be placed (at the end of the load and perpendicular to the axis of the vehicle).



If the transported load protrudes longitudinally occupying the entire width of the vehicle (including the rear-view mirrors), in other words, if our load is wider than the car, including the mirrors, the car will have to carry two V-20 signals in the rear, placed transversely at each end of the load in such a way that the red and white stripes form the geometry of an inverted "V".



This provides important information to drivers approaching from the rear. If one sign is visible, drivers know that the load protrudes only to the rear. If two signs are visible, in the inverted “V” form, then approaching drivers know that not only does the load protrude from the rear but is also wider than the vehicle carrying it.

Use all the anchor points that the signal has in order to hold it in place, preferably using elastic belts or tensioners. The use of plastic clamps is not recommended. Hold the signal and the load tightly, as far from the wind as possible.

In terms of the load protruding from the rear, the regulations state that it may protrude 10% of the length of the vehicle if the load is divisible, whereas if the load is indivisible, it can exceed the length of the car by 15%.

### Getting older, Staying Mobile

There´s no escaping it, we are all getting older. No matter what our current physical or mental age might be, there will come a time when our abilities start to deteriorate, often unnoticed, and we need to take steps to ensure that although we may be getting on in years, we can still be mobile and live life to the full.



Aging affects our ability to move, whether as pedestrians, drivers or on public transport. Many of these changes occur slowly, progressively and often almost imperceptibly. And not in the same way for everyone. In Spain there are currently 8.6 million people over 65, 18% of the population that, if the trend continues, by 2030 it will be 30%.

In terms of road safety statistics, the DGT registered more than 12,000 traffic collisions in 2016 where people over the age of 65 were involved, accounting for 12% of the total figure. There were 513 fatalities in the over 65 age group, over a quarter at 28% of all deaths, and more than 1,500 senior citizens were seriously injured, some 16% of the total.

Heterogeneous group

Once the retirement age is reached, we find a very diverse group of people, conditioned by the physical deterioration of their age but with very variable personal circumstances. Road safety specialists emphasise the importance of raising awareness within the senior society of their own limitations, as well as that of their environment, in which the family, the primary care physician and society play a fundamental role. “It is essential that they are aware of these deficits and compensate them. Their limitations do not incapacitate them, but they do condition them,” says Enrique Mirabet, a physician and member of the Spanish Society of Traffic Medicine (SEMT).

Restrict yes, limit no.

Currently, European policies tend not to limit the validity of the driving licence due to age, but to restrict driving at certain times of the day or in certain areas. “The assessment of the elderly must be individualised, since there is a great variability in their psychophysical conditions,” explains Elena Valdés, medical advisor of the DGT.

“We must analyse each case individually, assessing damages and benefits because it is that person who is driving, taking into account their physical limitations but also their personal circumstances, and their mobility needs,” says José Ignacio Lijarcio, researcher at the University Institute of Traffic and Road Safety (INTRAS), an entity that has recently developed the Health Road Barometer for the Elderly (SAVIMA), in which they investigated the incident rate and health of the elderly and developed a medical guide for professionals in recognition centres.

So, where do we limit to the mobility of the elderly? “We do not have an equal limitation for everyone, it depends on each person. Years ago a man of 70 was an old man. Today there are 85-year-old people who are very healthy,” says PilarCervelló, doctor and president of the Valencian Association of Recognition Centres.

Continuing with restrictions.

In 2017, 690,000 medical examinations were made of people over the age of 65 in Spain: 81% were declared fit and able to continue driving, the others presenting visual, perceptive-motor and hearing problems, for which the most frequent types of restrictions were to shorten the periods of validity of the licence and subsequent re-examination to below 5 years, and the limitations to driving in certain areas and at the daytime.

Review periods. Roadway health specialists consider that certain changes are necessary in the current drivers' reviews: “Examinations for those over 70 should be done every two years instead of every five. The Administration should expand the protocols for them,” says Lijarcio. For Enrique Mirabet, you also have to “check the age from which a person is considered 'older'. That point of definition was set many years ago. A 65-year-old driver 20 years ago is nothing like a current one.”

### eCall now Mandatory

As of the end of March, 2018, all new cars and vans must have the eCall automatic emergency call system installed.



The calls from the system is free and has coverage throughout Europe. The system is activated automatically when the airbags are deployed, establishing a voice communication with the 112 Emergency Coordination Centre.



The call carries an indicator that clearly identifies that it is an eCall call, giving it the highest priority. This is, “One of its most important characteristics,” says Ana Blanco, deputy director at the DGT and co-chair of the eCall European Implementation Platform.



This call can also be generated manually by the driver or by one of the occupants of the vehicle, by simply pressing the SOS button carried by the vehicles equipped with the system.



All data

The operator receives the information with the exact place where the incident occurred, the type of vehicle, with its license plate, make, model and type of fuel (if it is electric or petrol, for example), among others.

This is “essential data,” explains Blanco, “because they facilitate the work of the rescue services, which know from the start what equipment they should carry.”

Saves lives

According to the GMV consultancy, it is estimated that the eCall has the potential to save 2,500 lives a year in Europe when it is introduced in all vehicles, as well as reduce the severity of the consequences of those injured by traffic collisions between 10 and 15 %.

I do not have it, what do I do?

If your vehicle does not have an eCall device and you have an emergency, remember you can call 112. Calls to 112 are free, operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year and allows for geo-location of the call. When you dial, the GSM network (Global System for mobile communications) passes the call to the nearest emergency centre. This service is accessible from any landline or mobile phone, even if the mobile is blocked or without entering the PIN number and without coverage. Moreover, the operators at the 112 Emergency Coordination Centre speak a variety of languages, including English.

### Speed Kills!

Speed, whether excessive (above established limits) or inappropriate (within limits but not adjusted to the conditions of the road, vehicle or driver) is a problem for road safety in many countries as established by the Organization for Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the European Conference of Transport Ministers (ECMT).

According to both organisations, half of all drivers drive at an inappropriate speed and 20% in excess of the established limit by 10 kilometres per hour.

Not respecting the speed limits is a fundamental element that determines the greater or lesser incidence in road accidents, and the severity and degree of injury of the victims in the event of a traffic accident. In addition, in the case of fatal incidents, in 21% of them, speed was a concurrent factor.

In 2016 (the last year with consolidated data) more than 350 people died on the roads in incidents in which speed was one of the concurrent factors.

For this reason and because awareness to respect the speed limits is essential to reduce the incident rate, the Directorate General of Traffic collaborates with all Europe-wide campaigns of awareness and monitoring of speed on the roads, usually carried out simultaneously in almost thirty countries that make up the International Organization of Traffic Police (TISPOL), of which the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil is a member.



In addition to the Guardia Civil, local and regional police also get involved in these campaigns, with the DGT offering equipment, such as their own marked vehicles, to police forces in order to assist them in combatting one of the riskiest road-based dangers. Particularly as on urban roads across the country, including in cities, pedestrians are the users who suffer the most deaths where speed is the main contributing factor.



SPEED REDUCTION

As a result of the reluctance for many drivers to realise the dangers of excessive speed, the DGT is investigating an overall reduction in the maximum permitted speed limit on conventional roads, which, if approved, will see many of the current limits reduced by 10 kilometres per hour on most roads.

According to Gregorio Serrano, director general of the DGT,“the idea is that all of these roads have a speed limit of 90 km / h, a limit that the owners of these roads could change to the levels they consider reasonable,”, continuing, “The scientific evidence and the accidents that occur every day on our roads lead us to conclude that reducing speed is a necessary measure if we want to reduce the accident rate and the pain of thousands of families.”

According to several studies, a decrease of 1% of the average speed of a road, produces a reduction of 4% in fatal collisions (Nilsson). On the other hand Elvik showed that reducing the speed limit by 10 km / h implies a reduction of 2.5 km / h in the average speed. Taking into account both authors, it could be affirmed that reducing the speed limit by 10 km / h would imply a decrease in mortality of around 10%.

Not respecting the speed limits is a fundamental element that determines the greater or lesser incidence in road traffic incidents, and the severity and degree of injury of the victims in the event of a traffic collision. In addition, in the case of fatal incidents, in 21% of them, speed was a concurrent factor.



ADVANCING TECHNOLOGY

Although not without the inevitable incident, given the early, yet fast development of the technology, advanced systems to assist the driver, and make the roads safer are already being implemented in vehicles, and on the road network.

Advanced driver-assistance systems, or ADAS, are systems to help the driver in the driving process. When designed with a safe human-machine interface, they should increase car safety and more generally road safety.

Most road traffic incidents occur due to the human error. Advanced driver-assistance systems are systems developed to automate, adapt and enhance vehicle systems for safety and better driving. The automated system which is provided by ADAS to the vehicle is proven to reduce road fatalities, by minimizing the human error.

Safety features are designed to avoid collisions by offering technologies that alert the driver to potential problems, or to avoid collisions by implementing safeguards and taking over control of the vehicle. Adaptive features may automate lighting, provide adaptive cruise control, automate braking, incorporate GPS/ traffic warnings, connect to smartphones, alert the driver to other cars or dangers, lane departure warning system, automatic lane guidance, or showing what is in blind spots.

According to a study by the DGT, “Report and analysis on the influence of driving support systems on road safety and its application for the classification of vehicles”, the widespread implementation of such assistance systems in national vehicles would reduce the severity of incidents by 57% and avoid a figure of 51,000 collisions, and their consequences.

Many of the ADAS available on the market have been grouped according to the different types of incident (collision, run over, exit ...) and many of them automatically reduce the speed of the vehicle if they detect a collision risk such as FCW (Frontal collision Warning); AEBS (Automatic Emergency Braking); SLI (Speed Limit Indicator) or ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control).

### Van Related Incidents Show Startling Increase

A report conducted by Fundación Linea Directa, in collaboration with the University Institute for Traffic Research and Road Safety (INTRAS), has analysed, in depth, 445,000 road traffic incidents with victims between 2011 and 2015, in which 750,000 drivers were involved and a total of 41,000 vans, as well as more than 940,000 incidents dealt with by the Línea Directa insurance company between 2011 and 2017, involving 23,000 vans.



The startling conclusion of the report that looked into both sets of data is that there has been an increase of 41% in traffic incidents involving vans in the five-year period. These incidents resulted in the loss of 935 lives and another 4,600 people being seriously injured.

The situation is especially serious in cities, where the number of injured has increased by 94% and the risk of suffering a fatal incident is 35% higher than in cars. To the worsening of this serious problem for road safety, very little studied so far, several factorshave been contributed. In the first place, the very nature of the Spanish business fabric, in which there are more than 3.1 million freelancers. Secondly, the significant increase in the number of motorists who rent a van without preparation, generally to move or carry a load for a single journey, such as moving house, or buying furniture, and, finally, the boom of electronic commerce,

Type of incidents involving vans

The predominant type of incident in which vans are involved in are usually multiple-vehicle collisions, usually with the vans colliding with the rear of cars ahead. Typically, the driver of the most likely van involved in this sort of collision is male between the age of 35 and 45, with some considerable driving experience.

As for the most common type of road, there is still a slight predominance of highways and motorways over the cities, although this difference is narrowing in recent years. As for the time and date, incidents with vans usually occur mid-morning (between 12 and 1 pm), on Fridays and during the months of July and October.

According to data from the DGT, the vans involved in the collisions are often old and in poor condition, with 60% more faults than cars, mainly with their tyres, brakes and steering. A problem that is aggravated by the age of the van fleet on the roads, which averages 16 years of age, 20% older than the average fleet of cars. In addition, in 2 of every 3 collisions involving vehicles in the opposite direction, the responsibility is with the driver of the van. The reasons for this is thought to be due to their long working hours and, above all, in the stress generated by the need for punctuality of deliveries.

Accidentalness by Autonomous Communities

In the study carried out by the LíneaDirecta Foundation, an incident map of this type of vehicle has also been drawn up comparing the different regional van incident rates for each 1,000 vehicles of this type (whose average is 4.7 in the last analysed year of 2015). With this in mind, the Balearic Islands, Catalonia and Asturias are the territories with the highest proportion of van incidents, while Cantabria and Navarra are the regions with the least number of incidents of this type.

Regarding the evolution by territory, the regions with the worst evolution of the rates for every 1,000 vans involved in the incident are the Canary Islands, where these losses have increased by 170% since 2011 and Murcia, with a rise of 145%. On the contrary, those that have had the best behaviour have been Cantabria and the Basque Country.

What do the Spaniards think of the delivery people?

To complete the study, Fundación Línea Directa has conducted a survey of 1,202 drivers and 304 professional distributors from all over the country in order to analyse the general perception of Spaniards about this group.

According to the survey, 55% believe that delivery drivers fail to comply with road safety regulations more frequently than other drivers. In addition, 81% of motorists believe that delivery drivers “park their vans anywhere”, and 72% believe that, “they are very distracted, especially by their GPS and mobile phone”. However, the vast majority of people sympathise with the drivers, as 69% think that these behaviours have worsened with the rise of e-commerce. As for the most supported solutions: the installation of tachographs, as in trucks and coaches, improving the use of loading and unloading areas, or create a specific licence for vans are the most popular.

Occasional drivers

What also emerges from the demographic study is that Spaniards are not properly prepared to drive these vehicles. In fact, 81% of occasional vans drivers are unaware of the safest way to load cargo, 75% ignore the speed limits of these vehicles (which is lower than that of cars in many instances) and 46% never secure their load.

### Save the Children

In the recent special surveillance campaign which monitored the use of seatbelts and child restraint systems in vehicles, the Guardia Civil identified and stopped 161 children who were at risk, as they were not secured in the vehicles by any kind of restrain system.

Of those children who could potentially owe their lives to vigilance campaigns like this, 54 were in the front seats of the vehicle, where they would not be permitted even if they were restrained, and 107 were in the back.

This data is of particular concern to the General Directorate of Traffic, as one of the objectives set out in the Road Safety Strategy approved by the Government for the years 2011-2020 is to ensure that no child loses their life by not sitting in a seat suitable to its weight and height, and so believes that further education and enforcement measures are needed.

During the week in March, the officers monitors 424,266 vehicles, in which they detected 2,631 infractions of drivers or passengers who did not use the statutory retention system.

To this data we must add the controlled vehicles in the many municipalities, whose local police had joined the monitoring campaign.

In addition to the 161 children who were traveling without any type of retention, another 2,470 adults were also found to not be wearing a seatbelt, 77% of whom did so on conventional roads, where 8 out of 10 deaths occur.

According to Gregorio Serrano, director of the DGT “this data does nothing but confirm the importance that all administrations have of continuing to monitor the use of the security device that have saved more lives and continue insisting on educating from the earliest ages on the benefits that contributes its use”.



A LIFE INSURANCE

The seatbelt is a basic and fundamental element of road safety, a life insurance. For this reason, its use is mandatory for all occupants of the vehicle and on all types of roads. In addition, the correct use of it is essential to fulfil the purpose for which it was created.

Children below 135 cm in height, in addition to traveling with the child restraint system appropriate to their size and weight as the standard requires, must be seated in the rear seats of vehicles, except:

 	When the vehicle does not have rear seats
 	When all the rear seats are already occupied by other minors of the same characteristics
 	When it is not possible to install all child restraint systems in said rear seats.

Only in these cases, can children occupy the front seat of the vehicle, but always using the restraint system approved to their size and weight.

In the surveillance that is made from the air with the helicopters available to the DGT, it is appreciated how many occupants of the vehicle drive without wearing or making the correct use of the seatbelt.

### Motorbikes and Mopeds get Eco Ratings

 
Motorbikes and mopeds represent 15% of the total road fleet.

55% of all motorcycles and mopeds are classified as Zero, Eco, C or B.

The placement of the badges is voluntary and those interested can obtain them from the post offices.

If you want to know what environmental label corresponds to your vehicle, you can check the website, dgt.es.
 



Following on from a similar incentive with cars, the Dirección General de Tráficohas now classifiedmotorcycles and mopeds according to their polluting potential, thus fulfilling one of the measures of the National Plan for Air Quality and Protection of the Atmosphere (Plan Air).

Theplan states that both particles and nitrogen dioxide are the main source of emissions in large cities, and so the aim of the plan proposes the classification of vehicles based on the levels of pollution they emit.

This classification, like the one previously carried out, aims to positively discriminate vehicles that are more respectful to the environment and to be an effective instrument in municipal policies, both restrictive of traffic in episodes of high contamination, and to promote new technologies through benefits, both in fiscal terms, or relative to mobility and the environment.

The classification of vehicles is recorded in the national registry of vehicles with the DGT and can be accessed in real time by bodies with competence in terms of mobility, road safety, taxation or the environment.

The four levels of cataloguing are:

Two-wheeled or three-wheeled mopeds: Two-wheeled or three-wheeled vehicle, fitted with an engine with a cylinder capacity not exceeding 50 cm3, if it is internal combustion, and with a maximum design speed not exceeding 45 km / h.

Light quadricycles: Four-wheeled vehicles with a mass under vacuum of less than 350 kg (not including the mass of the batteries in the case of electric vehicles), a maximum speed per construction not exceeding 45 km / h with an engine displacement less than or equal to 50 cm3 for combustion engines, or a maximum net power less than or equal to 4 kW for other types of engines.

Two-wheeled motorcycles: Two-wheeled vehicles, without sidecar, equipped with a motor with a cylinder capacity greater than 50 cm3, if it is internal combustion, and / or with a maximum speed per construction exceeding 45 km / h.

Motorcycles with sidecar: Three-wheeled vehicles asymmetric with respect to their longitudinal mid-axle, fitted with a motor with a displacement of more than 50 cm3, if it is internal combustion, and / or with a maximum design speed exceeding 45 km / h.

ACQUISITION OF THE DISTINCTIVE

Owners of these vehicles can acquire the environmental badge in the post offices. The placement of the badge is voluntary, as with cars, but it is recommended to stick it in a visible place to facilitate the identification of the vehicle and benefit from the advantages that the different authorities can establish for your vehicle with respect to benefits to the environment.

CLASSIFICATION CRITERIA

The less polluting light vehicles have been classified according to emission levels based on European homologation data. Likewise, the criteria of this classification are the result of the work led by the DGT and in which the Madrid City Council, the Barcelona City Council, the Royal Automobile Club of Catalonia (RACC), the National Association of Manufacturers Automobiles and Trucks (ANFAC), National Association of Companies of the Two-Wheel Sector (ANESDOR), the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment and the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourismand other organizations have participated.

 

 

 

### Category B Licence Vehicle Permission Extension

Holders of Spanish driving licences who are qualified to drive category ‘B’ vehicles (passenger cars), and with at least two-years driving experience, will be able to drive an additional type of vehicle without extra examinations.



The DGT has announced that category ‘B’ licence holders will now also be permitted to drive goods vehicles, so long as this vehicle is of an ‘eco’ environmentally friendly type, and no more than 4,250 kilos , as reported by the Directorate General of Traffic to the Business Organization of Logistics and Transport (UNO) organisation.

Ordinarily, the regulations require a category ‘C’ licence to be held for this type of vehicle with more than 3,500 kilos of Maximum Authorized Mass (MMA), but this new exemption allows for car licence holders to drive heavier goods vehicles so long as it is an ecological vehicle that do not exceed 4,250 kilos.

The reason is that the DGT realises that this type of vehicle can often be heavier on account of the additional weight caused by batteries required to fuel the vehicle, and have reacted to calls by the logistics sector to make the change in order to compensate for this.

For the general secretary of UNO, Francisco Aranda, the move is “a fundamental decision to encourage the use of ecological vehicles in the Spanish logistics sector, to encourage the expansion of the use of this type of vehicle in the sector and eliminate the barriers that existed for it”.

This latest amendment to the regulation is in addition to the one already approved that adapts the regulations to allow alternative fuel vehicles, such as natural gas, liquefied gas, electricity or hydrogen, to increase their Maximum Authorized Mass (MMA) by up to one tonne. .

According to Aranda, this measure also moves towards regulatory harmonization within the framework of the European Union and follows in the footsteps of other countries such as Sweden and Germany.

### Busy Roads for May Day

The National holiday celebrated on the 1st of May, the day of the worker, this year falls on a Tuesday, which means that many workers will actually take advantage of a long weekend break, especially as Wednesday is also a holiday in the Madrid community.

A special traffic operation is in place for the period, which will see 7.4 million trips, with coastal and mountainous regions being the most popular destinations.



The main movements will take place out of the large urban centres, affecting the transit of vehicles, especially from the interior to coastal areas of the Mediterranean and the south of the Peninsula, as well as tourist mountain areas or second residences.

The most unfavourable times to travel will be between 4 pm and 10 pm on Friday, April 27 and between 9 and 2 pm on Saturday.

The return to the inland areas is likely to occur mainly during the afternoon of Tuesday in all the Autonomous Communities except in the Community of Madrid. For this reason, congestion problems can occur on the main roads that channel the return movement to the big cities.

On Wednesday, May 2, a working day in all communities except the one in Madrid, there will be the usual movements during peak hour of entry and exit to large urban centres.

In the Community of Madrid, short-haul trips will be made to leisure and recreation areas close to urban centres. In the afternoon, there will be a return of the festive period and may present problems of circulation in the main roads that flow back into Madrid.

### ITV Changes to Start in May

Changes to the mandatory ITV vehicle safety testing procedure will come into force in May.

Users of vehicles who suffer a failure or negative result will be able to go to a different test centre for the retest, as long as the faults have been rectified.

ITV test centres will be obliged to have diagnostic reading tools that can be connected to the on-board computers of the vehicles. This way it will be possible to detect if malicious software has been installed that alters the operation of the Airbag, the catalysts, or the particle filters.

Likewise, reviews should also be made in greater depth on the security elements. In the past, this would involve physical tests of the seat belts, but from now on the electronic elements that are accessed through the computer on board the vehicle will also be checked.

These changes will result in many improvements to the system, but this is not the end of the proposed reforms, with many more expected to be implemented soon.

The DGT announced the creation and propagation of a database of vehicle movements and history, which will then be checkable by future interested parties.

The technology behind this scheme would see cameras installed around the road network, and at the entrances and exits of towns and cities, which will record the registration number of vehicles as they pass. The infrastructure for this technology is already in place in some towns.

However, in the future, the database will also link to the ITV test reports, recording faults or issues, and will collate information from traffic incidents, crashes and repairs.

The maintenance schedule will not initially be mandatory, but will be based on a technological platform that will collect the digitized workshop sheets that record all the operations that are done on the vehicle. Because not all workshops have the appropriate computer technology, a deadline will be given for them to adapt.

In addition, to make drivers aware of the need to pass the ITV (between 1.5 and 2 million vehicles are currently believed to be on the roads without a valid certificate), the DGT will deploy intensive campaigns which will be repeated periodically.

At the moment, when speed detecting radars detect a vehicle that exceeds the speed limits, it automatically checks if the ITV has been passed and if it has mandatory insurance in place.

Now, according to Gregorio Serrano, the Director General of the DGT, it is a matter of taking one step further and will not only be controlled through the radars, but also with the licence plate readers that are installed in the vicinity of the roads and other points of the road network.

When they detect that the vehicle has not passed the ITV or if it went for an inspection and failed, the DGT will automatically send a warning. If, on the second occasion, appropriate action has not been taken, the DGT will automatically issue a fine.

### Emergency Simulation around Murcia

Between the 23rd and 25th of April, an emergency simulation will be taking place around Murcia.

The simulation will involve the evacuation of areas including schools, to ensure that emergency protocols are in place should a real situation occur.

There will be a lot of activity from the emergency services, including some from the military bodies, but this is just a drill and is nothing to be alarmed about.

The activities will be spread across the area with a focus on different locations on different days.

Roads around the area may be closed at short notice and traffic may be delayed. Extra vigilance is also advised.

If you are in the area please try not to interfere with the emergency services as their training during these events is paramount for saving lives.

### Extra Speed Control Checks Around Europe This Week

All this week, until Sunday 22 April, traffic police across Europe will be paying special attention to one of the #fatal4 contributing factors to road traffic incidents, inappropriate speed.



In Spain, the plan is for the Guardia Civil to carry out about 700,000 controls before the end of the campaign, which will, for the first time, involve the new portable radar equipment, Velolaser.



Inappropriate speed is not only one of the four main contributing factors in road traffic incidents, it is also present in one in every five road fatalities.

Speed, whether excessive (above established limits) or inappropriate (within limits but not adjusted to the conditions of the road, vehicle or driver) is a problem for road safety in many countries as established by the Organisation for Cooperation and Development (OECD) and the European Conference of Transport Ministers (ECMT). According to both organisations, half of all drivers drive at an inappropriate speed and 20% in excess of the established limit by 10 kilometres per hour.


Not respecting the speed limits is a fundamental element that determines the greater or lesser incidence in road accidents, and the severity and degree of injury of the victims in the event of a traffic accident. In addition, in the case of fatal incidents, in 21% of them, speed was a concurrent factor. In 2016 (the last year with consolidated data) more than 350 people died on the roads in incidents in which speed was one of the concurrent factors.

For this reason and because awareness to respect the speed limits is essential to reduce the incident rate, the Directorate General of Traffic has joined the Europe-wide campaign of awareness and monitoring of speed on the roads that will last until Sunday 22 of April. This campaign is carried out simultaneously in almost thirty countries that make up the International Organization of Traffic Police (TISPOL), of which the Traffic Group of the Guardia Civil is a member.

In addition, as usual, local and regional police will join in the campaign on urban roads across the country, taking into account that in cities, pedestrians are the users who suffer the most deaths where speed is the main cause.

As a result of the reluctance for many drivers to realise the dangers of excessive speed, the DGT is investigating an overall reduction in the maximum permitted speed limit on conventional roads, which, if approved, will see many of the current limits reduced by 10 kilometres per hour. You will be able to read more about this, and other developments soon to be implemented in tackling speeding vehicles, soon.

On Monday, the press were invited to one of the first controls to see the new Velolaser in use, and, as if to prove how these controls are aimed at helping road users and reducing incidents, the attendees were slightly distracted at one point as the officers assisted a young mother and her children across the road.

### April 15 is the Day of the Cyclist

April 15 has been recognised as the Day of the Cyclist.



Although the origins of this day are somewhat historically disturbing (revolving around the creation and transport of hallucinogenic substances during the Second World War), and not to be confused with World Cycling Day (also known as WCD is held annually on the 17th of September internationally), it is a good day to remind ourselves of the need for vigilance, respect and responsibility surrounding some of the most vulnerable road users, cyclists.

Drivers should always remember to give plenty of room for cyclists, indeed a minimum separation of 1.5 metres is always required when overtaking.

When overtaking cyclists you are permitted to cross the lateral solid white lines, so long as no vehicles are approaching in the opposite direction. If they are, keep well back until clearance can be ensured.

Cyclists can help themselves by remembering that when you are riding a bike you are in control of a vehicle, and as such are governed by all the same traffic laws as other road users. You cannot ride the wrong way down a one way street, ride through red lights, consume alcohol above the permitted limits, or drugs, etc. You too must also respect other road users by only riding at a maximum of two abreast, moving to single file if traffic is wanting to pass, not riding on pavements unless permitted, and in that case giving pedestrians a similar wide berth.

The roads are shared environments where all vehicles (including bicycles which are a vehicle as we have reminded once again) have equal rights to be present. We must respect that and act accordingly. Space, patience and courtesy are the most important traits of good driving attitude.

### What is the Speed Limit in Spain?

All roads in Spain have a maximum permitted speed limit. However, that limit not only varies depending on the characteristics of the road, but also the type of vehicle, and (in some cases) the driver.

As always when we talk about speed limits we must offer the same reminder however, the maximum permitted speed is exactly that, a maximum, it is not a target and the actual safe speed may be much lower depending on the road and weather conditions.

That said, here is the overview of the generic maximum permitted speed on the roads by vehicle type, unless signs say otherwise.



 

PASSENGER CARS AND MOTORCYCLES

The maximum generic speed for cars and motorcycles on motorways is 120 kilometres per hour. On secondary roads, the maximum permitted speed is 90 kilometres per hour. In towns and cities, the maximum permitted speed is 30 kilometres per hour (updated 11 May 2021).

 

BUSES

Buses, and other vehicle derivatives that have been adapted, must not exceed 100 kilometres per hour on motorways. On conventional roads, the maximum permitted speed is 90 kilometres per hour. On other conventional roads out of town they cannot exceed 80 kilometres per hour. In the event of a bus carrying standing passengers (where permitted) the maximum permitted speed, whatever the type of interurban road, is 80 kilometres per hour.

 

TRUCKS

On motorways and highways, trucks, articulated vehicles, tractors and vans cannot exceed 90 kilometres per hour. On conventional roads outside of towns, the maximum permitted speed is 80 kilometres per hour.

 

SPECIAL TRANSPORT

Any vehicle which falls into this category, namely a bus carrying school children and displaying the yellow school bus sign, or a vehicle carrying goods classed as dangerous, the maximum permitted speed must be reduced by 10 kilometres per hour.

 

TOWING A TRAILER

The maximum permitted limit on motorways and highways is 90 kilometres per hour when towing a light trailer (which has a maximum mass less than or equal to 750 kg) and 80 kilometres per hour when towing a non-light trailer (greater than 750 kg). On conventional roads the maximum permitted speed is then 80 kilometres per hour.

 

QUADS, TRICYCLES AND BICYCLES

Vehicles with three wheels or “quads” have their speed limited to 70 kilometres per hour on any type of road where they are permitted to drive.

Cycles, two and three wheeled mopeds and light quadricycles have a maximum speed of 45 kilometres per hour where permitted.

### Which is the Best Lighting?

There are three main types of vehicle illumination available, halogen headlights, xenon headlights, automatic headlights, etc, but which offers the best option?

In recent years, new technologies have appeared that have been a major step forward in terms of illumination, improving the capacity and lighting quality. Normally, cars are equipped with a basic lighting system, which does not mean that they are insufficient. On the contrary, the evolution of lights in vehicles is already evident from the recent developments and models on the market.

However, if we do make a decision to improve our vehicle´s lighting, we not only face a potentially large bill, it may not even be possible as changing the vehicle characteristics may result in difficulties with the ITV test, so caution must be exercised before the investment. In fact, a visit to the ITV station may also be prudent to check before you proceed.

That said, we can still consider the options available in order to make an informed decision before we proceed, with the knowledge of the different types of lighting available.

The Three Main Systems

There are three main types of optics in vehicles. Halogen headlights are still the most common and, in most manufacturers, offer good lighting capacity, showing the evolution of a system with a long journey in the automotive industry. Xenon headlights have become the first alternative to give a greater field of vision, with a clearer light and greater range. But it is the LED headlights that show the greatest possibilities to apply more advanced technologies.

New vehicles already have daytime running lights, even in the lower segments, both for the front and, in many cases, the rear optics, and most of these are formed by LED lights. LED lights offer longevity in their life, are easier to handle, and offer the best options for adaptive adaptive lighting, taking us another step closer to the autonomous car.

In recent years, automatic headlights have been installed in some vehicles. These lights turn on and off autonomously in dim or light environments respectively, and more recently are able to adapt their position when crossing with other vehicles, without the driver having to operate them (they use sensors or a camera at the height of the rear-view mirror).

Another alternative is adaptive lights, which adjust the parabola that the lights emit constantly, keeping the areas that do not produce glare illuminated. This technology is only available with LED lights and the new laser headlights.

We can see that the amount of light emitted, thus illuminating our path is vital in providing safer roads, and the new technology is able to offer that without glaring or distracting other road users and thus creating an additional hazard.

### What is an Assisted Pedal Bike?

There has been a lot of confusion over so-called “electric” bikes, and whether they can be used without a licence, or insurance, and if they can be used on the roads.



There are characteristics which clearly define these vehicles into two different types, which we can explain here.

An Assisted Pedal Bike it is a bicycle equipped with an electric motor and a battery with an output of up to 250W whose engine only works when helped by the motion of pedalling, and in any case to a maximum speed of 25 kilometres per hour. So, in other words, if you either stop pedalling, or if you reach 25 kilometres per hour, the motor stops running.

These types of bikes are considered, for the purposes of the General Vehicle Regulations and Rules of the road, like any other bike and do not require registration or driving licence, or mandatory liability insurance. The rider is however responsible for adhering to all other rules of the road applicable to any type of vehicle.

Other models of similar design which can exceed 25 kilometres per hour when powered, or have an engine or motor which can operate by use of a throttle or accelerator without the need to pedal, are considered the same as mopeds and require registration, insurance and for the driver to have an appropriate licence.

### Statistical Information on Sanctions now on the DGT Website

The DGT has included a new section on the website, dgt.es, which will provide statistical information on fines and sanctions.



The aim of the section, Denuncias e Ingresos, is partly aimed at ensuring transparency, as well as highlighting how dangerous driving practices and behaviours lead to these fines, and how the revenue then assists in financing road safety, incident prevention, and providing assistance to the victims of road traffic incidents.

The section provides data related to the number of complaints and their evolution, as well as the statistics on the amounts paid, excesses of speed, the phases of appeal or data on complaints that end in a contentious-administrative way.

Due to the multitude of reviews and tables to be published, the information will be uploaded and updated progressively. The information already available are:

 	Evolution of the number of sanctions in the 2012-2017 period.
 	Evolution of the number of sanctions imposed by fixed radars from 2012 to 2017.
 	Amounts for sanctions in general from 2012 to 2017.
 	Entered amounts of penalties for fixed radars in the period 2012-2017.
 	Fixed radars which are the least respected and with the most denunciations generated in 2017.

The data corresponding to 2017 is still considered provisional and includes the period from January to October. Subsequently, the closed data for the entire annual period will be presented once completed.

The knowledge of this and other data can serve to raise awareness that traffic incidents are not unpredictable events, but can be avoided if traffic regulations are complied with, and, despite criticism that traffic offences are purely aimed at taking money from drivers, it is only those drivers who break the law who are fined, and a consequence of this is that the money generated by fines is invested in road safety, prevention, and helping the victims of road traffic incidents.

### Obtaining a Vehicle Report

If you are interested in buying a second-hand vehicle, you can obtain a detailed report from the DGT which provides a wealth of information on the history of the car.

There are two types of report, a standard and detailed report, and then there are five types of detailed reports: complete, technical data, loads, vehicles in the name of the interested party and vehicles without registration.



The reduced report, Informe reducido, confirms the correct identification of the vehicle and if there is any type of incident recorded with it. You can apply for the reduced report online at dgt.es, and it is free.

The Detailed report, Informe detallado, includes more information about the vehicle, such as its current owner, if it is authorised to be used on the road, the expiration of the ITV and any recorded incidents.



You can request any of the five detailed reports online dgt.es, or in person at your Provincial Traffic Headquarters, with the required documents and payment.

In order to request a detailed report, you will need the completed official application form, the identification of the interested party, the reason for which the report is requested, and confirmation of the fee having been paid, which is currently 8.40€.

To request the document at the trafico office you will need to make an appointment via the website, dgt.es , or by telephoning the 060 telephone number. If you are making an appointment to request the documentation it is also worth keeping in mind tat the offices cannot accept cash and payment is only possible with a bank card.

### New i-size Chart for Child Seats

The labelling on child seats has changed across Europe, making it theoretically easier for children to be secured in a more appropriate seat, thus making them safer. Now, the “i-size” chart is in operation, which focuses on the height, rather than the weight of the child.



We know that in Spain the height of the child is already of great importance, with children under 135cm in height not allowed in the front seats (apart from a few exceptions), now the same theory is practiced on smaller children and child restraint systems.



i-size Seats

'i-size' is an EU safety regulation for child car seats (ECE R129), which was introduced in July 2013 to make child car seats easier to fit, provide better protection from side impacts and keep children rearward-facing for longer. i-size only applies to Isofix seats.

UK legislation has already been amended to allow i-size seats to be used, this year the regulation has also been applied in Spain.

At the moment, the older seats are still permitted, so there is no need to change if you have these already, but those based around the new regulations offer better protection based on the tests conducted through the campaign.

i-size uses the child's height to determine if the seat fits the child, rather than their weight. So, it's important to check that your child's height is within the range of the seat. Parents tend to know their child's height better than their weight, which should make it easier for parents to judge if the seat is suitable for their child and when they should move the child into a larger seat.

Babies in i-size car seats stay rearward-facing until they are at least 15 months old. Currently, parents often move their baby to a forward-facing seat too soon.

i-size includes a side impact test to ensure that the seats provide better protection from side impact collisions.

i-size child car seats fit in cars that have Isofix fitting points, but you still need to check if the seat is approved for your car. Contact your car manufacturer and/or the child seat manufacturer, or visit our Child Car Seat Compatibility page.

i-size seats will fit any i-size approved vehicle. However, there are few such cars currently available. Their numbers will increase over the coming years.

### How to Deal with Priority Vehicles

Emergency vehicle which are responding to an incident have priority over other vehicles.

During any drive we must be forever conscious of our surroundings, allowing all of our senses to combine to provide special and location awareness, so that we can constantly react to changes as they happen, or, ideally, prompting situations and proactively preparing for these changes.

The security services such as the police and Guardia Civil, and rescue services such as the fire service or ambulances are to be given a clear run when they have their lights flashing or sirens sounding, so long as this can be done safely. If we hear sirens or see emergency vehicles with flashing lights, our first reaction should be to make way, but in as safe a way as possible.

On a clear and open road, if you are aware that a priority vehicle is approaching from behind, move over to a position which will allow the emergency vehicle to pass. It may be useful to indicate so that the driver of the emergency vehicle is aware of your intention. Carry out the manoeuvre without rushing, panicking or with any sudden movements. Once the emergency vehicle has passed, you may continue on your way.

In the event of a queue of traffic of two lanes, the emergency vehicle will attempt to cut a path through the middle, so that vehicles on both sides are able to move to the side and allow for a safe passage.



At junctions or intersections, vehicles should pull over to the side to allow the emergency vehicles to pass. Do not attempt to cross the path of an oncoming priority vehicle.



If you are on a roundabout when an emergency vehicle approaches, give way to the priority vehicle where possible and safe, allowing it to pass freely.



Never attempt to follow an emergency vehicle and never pull out in front of them, always stay well clear and well back, without carrying out any sudden movements, remembering to move over where safe and possible.

In the event of approaching an emergency scene, pay close attention to those who are directing traffic, acting on their instructions and directions. Always pass the scene giving as much space as possible and always pay close attention to the traffic and the situation, never letting curiosity get the better of you and distract you when you pass.



The DGT has created a series of short videos which show the correct procedure for each of the circumstances listed, they can be viewed on the DGT website, dgt.es

Priority vehicles save lives, always allow them safe passage where possible.

 

### When Will the Roads of Spain be Busiest This Easter?

Tuesday sees the start of the second and most important phase of the special operation monitoring traffic flow for the Easter holiday period.



The operation begins in all autonomous communities, with the exception of Cantabria, Catalonia and the Valencian Community, where it begins on Thursday.

This phase is considered the most important of the year because of the volume and vehicle displacement along the entire road network and in a very limited period of time.

Of the 15.5 million trips planned for the entire Semana Santa Special Operation (from March 23 to April 2), 9.07 million will occur during this second phase, so it is advisable to plan your journey and avoid most unfavourable times.

The Director General of Traffic, Gregorio Serrano, has called for prudence and respect for traffic regulations. “We have prepared all the material and human resources available to ensure the safety and fluidity of travel, but we need the commitment, not only of most drivers who have correct behaviour on the road, but of those others who are reluctant to comply with the rules and endanger the lives of others. Towards them we direct all means of control that we have to get them off the road."

During this second operation, the main flow of traffic will be made from the urban centres to coastal tourist areas, second residences, towns with traditional religious acts or mountainous areas of touristic interest.

ROAD FORECASTS

Wednesday, March 28

In the communities of Andalucía, Aragón, Asturias, Baleares, Canarias, Castilla la Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia, Navarra, País Vasco and La Rioja, problems of traffic and queues from the exits of the large urban centres, between 13:00 and 24:00 are expected to be busy, with the timeframe between 15:00 and 23:00 being the worst.

 	ANDALUCIA: Carreteras: AP-4, AP-7, A-4, A-7, A-45, A-49 y A-92
 	GALICIA: Carreteras: AP-9, A-6, A-52, A-55, N-550 y N-634
 	ARAGÓN: Carreteras: AP-2, AP-68, A-2 y A-23
 	MADRID: Carreteras: AP-6, A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6 y M-40
 	ASTURIAS: Carreteras: A-8, A-66, N-634.
 	MURCIA: Carreteras: A-7, A-30 y N-301-A
 	BALEARES: Carreteras: Ma-19 y Ma-20
 	NAVARRA: Carreteras: AP-15, A-1, A-10, A-12, A-15 Y A-21
 	CASTILLA - LA MANCHA: Carreteras: AP-36, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-30, A-31, A-40, A-41 y A-42
 	PAIS VASCO: Carreteras: AP-8, AP-68, A1 y A-8
 	CASTILLA y LEÓN: Carreteras: AP-1, AP-6, A-1, A-6, A-52, A-62, A-66, N-620 y N-630
 	LA RIOJA: Carreteras: AP-68, N-111 y N-232
 	EXTREMADURA: Carreteras: A-5 y A-66

 

Thursday, March 29

During the morning of Thursday the exits of large towns and cities will continue to produce queues, with the most unfavourable times being between 07:00 and 15:00, the worst being from 08:00 to 14:00.

In the afternoon, one day after the rest of the communities, Catalonia, Cantabria and Comunidad Valenciana, as it is not a public holiday in these regions, will begin their second phase of the operation. The main traffic problems will occur on the access roads to the coast, which connect coastal populations, as well as access to tourist rest areas. The times to try to avoid here will be between 12:00 and 23:00, with the worst times being from 13:00 to 22:00.

 	CANTABRIA: Carreteras: A-8, A-67, S-10 y S-30.
 	COMUNIDAD VALENCIANA: Carreteras: AP-7, A-3, A-7 y CV-35.
 	CATALUÑA: Carreteras: AP-2, AP-7, N-145, N-340, C-16, C-28, C-31, C-32 y C-35.

To mitigate possible traffic delays, during the afternoon-night of Wednesday and all of Thursday, extra measures of regulating traffic and traffic flow will be installed on the roads of greater intensity to favour the departure of vehicles from large cities.

 

Friday, March 30

During the morning of Friday, in Cantabria, Catalonia and Valencia, the flow of traffic will continue in the direction away from the big cities towards the coast.

In the rest of the communities, displacements will occur at the exit of large urban centres on short-haul routes, to leisure and recreation areas close to urban centres.

The busiest times will be between 09:00 and 14:00, but worse from 10:00 to 13:00.

In the afternoon and throughout the national territory, there will be movements of short-haul vehicles in areas where religious processions are held

 

Saturday, March 31

In the morning there may be traffic problems in the coastal and mountainous areas where the movements will be mostly local.

In the afternoon, the traffic flow will start to focus on anticipating the return to inland areas, especially those people looking to void the busiest times later in the weekend.

 

Sunday, April 1

From midmorning, an increase in traffic flow is expected, and some queues may be produced in the exits from the tourist locations back inland. Later on, as these vehicles start to arrive at their destinations, the queues will start at the entrances of the large cities. .

The Autonomous Communities affected by the return are Andalucía, Aragón, Asturias, Canarias, Cantabria, Castilla-La Mancha, Castilla y León, Extremadura, Galicia, Madrid, Murcia and La Rioja.

The times which will be busiest will be between 11:00 and 24:00, with the worst times being from 12:00 to 23:00.

 

Monday, April 2

The return operation in Baleares, Cataluña, Comunidad Valenciana, Navarra and País Vasco begins, where Monday is a holiday.

Problems will central around the main road axes of these communities, as well as in the access roads of the provinces bordering on them.

In the rest of the Autonomous Communities there will also be return movements, mainly motivated by plans for the next day, the return to school and university activities.

The busiest times will be between 11:00 and 24:00, with the worst times being from 12:00 until 23:00.

 

The Plan

To provide coverage for the planned trips, the DGT has devised a special device whose objective is to facilitate the mobility and fluidity of traffic, as well as ensuring road safety on the roads.

For this purpose, more than 800 officials and specialist technical personnel will be on duty in the Traffic Management Centres, all available agents of the Guardia Civil Trafico will be on duty, and more than 13,000 employees of conservation companies, road concessioners and other staff from the roads services networks will be on duty, assisted, if needed, by teams from the other emergency services both health and fire and rescue.

At the time of the greatest number of trips, reversible and additional lanes will be installed with cones on certain roads, works affecting roadways will be suspended, sports events and other events involving the occupation of roads will be limited and restricted. The transportation of dangerous goods and vehicles that require special authorisation will be restricted.

 

Attention to short trips and integral patrols

During this holiday period there are numerous short trips that are usually made on conventional roads and that is where the greatest number of fatal accidents usually occur. In these trips, the same precautions should be taken as on long journeys.

Curves, crossings, overtaking and changes of gradient, usually predominate in this type of road where it is very important to monitor and moderate speed accordingly. Remember, the 100 or 90 kilometres per hour on conventional roads is a limit, not a target, and may not be a suitable speed depending on traffic, road characteristics and conditions, and the weather.

Following their approval this week, some of the patrols will be carrying the new Velolaser portable speed monitoring equipment, which can be transported on motorbikes, and can be used both day or night with minimum setup.

Pegasus equipped helicopters will also be monitoring the roads from the sky, along with all other means at the disposal of the DGT to make the roads safer, which can be made so much more so by drivers and driving attitude.

 

Basic rule: Prevention and Prudence

Despite being advice already known to drivers, it is necessary to remember that safe driving begins at the same time as planning the trip. In addition, the DGT recommends:

 	Car tuning. Check your vehicle before a long trip.
 	Learn about the state of the roads through the means offered by Traffic: telephone 011, Internet, twitter @informacionDGT, the DGT App or in newsletters of radio and television stations.
 	Follow, if desired, alternative itineraries designed by the DGT in order to avoid travelling through the centre of the Peninsula, which is the area with the highest traffic flow. These itineraries include estimated travel times based on the departure time of the trip.
 	On roads with more than one lane in each direction, you must drive in the right lane, the left lane should only be used to overtake.
 	Maintain the safety distance and adapt the speed to the circumstances, including the road and weather conditions.
 	Pay attention to other road users: motorcycles, cyclists and pedestrians are more vulnerable, these road users must also pay attention.
 	Use your lights to increase visibility.
 	Always wear your seatbelt, or crash helmet and remember that despite alcohol limits being in place, the best limit is always zero, and always avoid using recreational drugs before driving.

### New Radars Approved for Use

Velolaser - The most innovative definitive solution for speed control in urban and interurban environments.
The DGT has taken delivery of around 60 new portable speed detecting units, Velolaser, which have undergone extensive testing around the country. These devices have now been approved for use and can enter service protecting the country´s roads.

The Director General of Traffic, Gregorio Serrano, announced the certification just in time for one of the most intense road planning periods, the Easter holiday.

Small enough to fit in the panniers of a motorcycle, the units can be set up in seconds, either on a tripod, a vehicle mount, or on roadside features such as crash barriers. It should be noted, despite many speculative reports to the contrary, these devices are not mounted on the motorbikes but are carried to locations where they are set up on tripods or similar mounts.

The device manufacturers say that the units obtain the best results in sensitive urban areas (zone 30, schools, parks, children's areas, etc., and thanks to its versatility they can work using vehicles available at any time, in any area, including those places otherwise inaccessible, and, most importantly, in a minimum time.

The simple, ingenious and innovative solution provides a new way to control speed in a wide variety of situations, on both urban and interurban roads.

The devices can monitor vehicles at speeds of up to 250 kilometres per hour, covering two lanes, monitoring both directions of travel, and can distinguish between different types of vehicles, knowing the difference between a car and a truck, for example.

The units can connect over 3G or 4G telephony, or via Wi-Fi, providing simultaneous monitoring of several devices at the same time, recording information on internal or external storage.

As well as monitoring speed, the devices are clever enough to calculate safety distances, and can operate both day and at night.

They are designed and manufactured in Spain, and come in a range of colours, although the units delivered to the DGT carry the distinctive colours and labelling of the Guardia Civil.



 

### Support N332 with a Simple Vote

One of the founders of the N332 Road Safety Project, Francisco Morales, a serving Guardia Civil traffic officer, has been nominated for a national Spanish award, the 'Ciudadano Ponle Freno'.

As in previous year, it is up to the public to now decide from the three finalists who should pick up t award in the Spanish Senate in April. Quite simply, the winner is the finalist with the most votes.

To vote, click the `picture or the link below, find the section describing Francisco, and click on the 5th star (the right hand one) as shown in the picture, it´s that simple.


CLICK HERE OR THE PICTURE TO GO TO THE PAGE TO VOTE
As the article explains...
Francisco Javier Morales is a Guardia Civil traffic officer who, three years ago, created a Facebook page and a website (which he called N332, because it is the highway that runs along the Alicante coast and the one that he patrols daily) on which he publishes information in English about the road safety law in Spain, mainly aimed at informing foreign residents in the area. It has 119,303 followers on Facebook, a very active community in its publications, and aims to publicise the most frequent infractions and explain how they could be avoided. In addition, in his free time and in an altruistic way he gives talks in English to the foreign associations of the area.
Thank you for voting.

### Regional Government Vote to Support Removal of Motorway Tolls

Despite the fact that the Partido Popular decided to abstain from the vote, the regional Valencia parliament has otherwise unanimously agreed to ask the National Government not to renew the concession on the AP-7 motorway, and to allow it to become a free-to-use highway.



If agreed, it will mean that once the current contract expires, which is at the end of December, 2019, the motorway will transfer to public operation, and so many of the traffic hotspots on the coastal roads will be relieved of a lot of congestion that brings them to a halt.

Areas such as Cabo Roig and Torrevieja, where the N-332 road sees standing traffic throughout summer, holiday periods and even during normal working days, should instantly see the benefits as traffic will be able to bypass the area along what is currently a motorway where tolls are applied.

Similarly, the Zenia Boulevard shopping centre will benefit, as the motorway has an exit directly at the location, again though, this is currently protected by tolls.

The National Government, which is currently dominated by the Partido Popular, are investigating the renewal of the toll licence, which has been described as a “joke” and “disturbing”, as freeing the road would be of “public interest”, and so pressure must still be put on the government not to proceed with these plans, according to those fighting for the tolls to be lifted.

The road has been used as a political bargaining tool during the last quarter of a century, and this latest show of support is hoped to liberate the concession which would indeed be of benefit to all road users, the environment, and the safety of the area.

### N332 RoadWatch – Issue 12

VELOLASER - The most innovative definitive solution for speed control in urban and interurban environments

CHILD SEAT CHANGES – BLUE LIGHTS – PRIORITY VEHICLES – SPEED LIMITS – LIGHTING – ROUNDABOUTS YOUR QUESTIONS ANSWERED -AND MUCH, MUCH, MORE

You can read the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch FOR FREE after the introduction below. Or, you can purchase the PDF version and download it to your computer or device.


Buy PDF Version Now


Welcome to the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch.

Easter is upon us and that means one thing in terms of road safety, one of the busiest times on the roads so far. After Christmas and the summer season, Easter is the next main holiday period, as many people choose to take advantage of the breaks from work to travel to coastal and mountainous areas, visiting family and friends, and generally enjoying the seasonal time.

Add to this the first main influx of foreign tourists into the country, we see the roads getting busy a they are mixing the normal daily traffic with both domestic and international tourists, some a little unaware of their surroundings, others embarking on a completely different driving experience than they are used to.

Patience, calmness and planning are called for, allowing extra time for whatever journey you might be making, and being aware that other road users around you may not be quite as used to the area as you are.

At the start of the holiday period we see the flow of traffic heading towards the coast. At the end of the period, they return back inland. In between we see more traffic visiting leisure and retail complexes, and, subject to weather conditions, the beaches.

In this edition we introduce you to the latest piece of equipment in the fight against unsafe driving, Velolaser, a new, portable speed detector, small enough to be carried on a motorbike, versatile enough to be set up anywhere.

We also look at the new child seat profiling system, and a look at how to deal with priority vehicles, as well as reassurances about the medical requirements for renewing your driving licence in Spain.

For now, enjoy this edition and stay safe.




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### Going Blue in July

The Director General of Traffic, Gregorio Serrano, has stated that the reform which means that all emergency vehicles will have blue lights will become effective in July.

The DGT are currently studying possibilities of a provisional authorisation which would allow the change to start sooner, but as the entire process has taken years of work and effort, a wait until July is somewhat insignificant.

Currently, in Spain, only the security services use blue lights, with ambulances and fire service vehicles using flashing amber lights when responding to an emergency. This reform will put Spain in line with the European standard for emergency vehicles.

### Special Attention to Seat Belt Wearing This Week

All this week, the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by their colleagues in the police, will be out in force to ensure the correct use and operation of seatbelts and child restraint systems in vehicles.



In 2014 (the last year of consolidated data), the number of unbelted deaths accounted for 24% of the total, with some 194 of the 822 people in cars and vans who lost their lives, not wearing a seatbelt, despite knowing the importance of doing so.

In addition to the officers on patrol during the campaign, the new cameras and detectors are in place across the country watching for seat belt use, and the Pegasus equipped helicopters will be watching form the sky..

The latest roadside cameras take a series of pictures. The images are electronically sent to a control centre which then processes them and sends a sanction to the vehicle owner who then faces a 200 euro fine and the loss of 3 points.



It is the aim of the DGT to reduce this figure to zero by making the use of seatbelts and child restraint systems 100% for all vehicle occupants.

The focus of the campaign will not only be those who should know better about looking out for their own safety, but also those who should be looking out for those more vulnerable, namely adults who carry children in the vehicles.

In 2014, 2 out of the 14 children under 12 years who died traveling in cars or vans were not wearing any safety device at the time of the incident. In addition, 9 out of 82 seriously injured, and 107 of those who suffered minor injuries were not correctly restrained. From that data, 118 children suffered unnecessary injury or death as a result of the supposedly responsible adults not showing due care.

On account of the seriousness that the DGT takes such actions, traffic officers can immobilise a vehicle if a child is found to be travelling without the correct restraint system in use.

It is also important to remember that children under 135 centimetres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats of vehicles and must be properly restrained by a device appropriate to their height and weight.

The proper wearing of seatbelts and restraint systems is also vital to their correct use. All occupants in a vehicle must wear a seatbelt, whether they are in the front or the back, although some people incorrectly believe that wearing a seatbelt in the back is not necessary, it is, and it is also mandatory. If a person in a rear seat is not wearing a seatbelt they are 8 times more likely to kill the person in a seat in front of them.

Wearing a seat belt is statistically proven to half the risk of death if involved in a collision as it also helps to distribute the force of the impact across the body and not directly at more vulnerable parts of the body. A seat belt prevents the occupant being ejected from a vehicle, saving them from more serious injury.

### Five School Bus Drivers Tested Positive for Drugs

During the latest campaign checking the safety requirements of school buses, more than 3,500 vehicles were checked, with five drivers testing positive for drugs, and a further 9 drivers reported for driving in excess of the maximum permitted speed.



During the five-day campaign, a total of 3,557 vehicles were checked by officers of the Guardia Civil, supported by colleagues from local police forces, resulting in 1,416 offences being reported, mainly due to administrative irregularities. A lack of special school transport authorisation and unlimited liability insurance continue to be the most numerous irregularities amongst the controlled vehicles.

According to Gregorio Serrano, Director General of the DGT, “the habitual consumption of drugs by one part of society, has a direct reflection on drivers, many of them are behind the wheel after having consumed some type of substances as noted in the controls performed by agents on the road. From the DGT we will continue increasing these controls, putting a special emphasis on professional drivers”.

Whilst checking the vehicles, the officers found that of those vehicles with seatbelts fitted, 8 had anomalies in their operation. A total of 81 vehicles had deficiencies in the service and emergency doors, as well as in their drive devices, and another 16 were reported for not having their ITV inspection certificates and documentation.

Regarding the administrative offences, 1,024 vehicles lacked the special authorisation to operate as a school transport vehicle, and 338 did not have unlimited liability insurance, as required by law.

In addition, 104 controlled vehicles did not carry the corresponding V-10 school transport signal and another 24 lacked the luminous device with emergency signal.

Finally, as regards the excess of driving time or reduction of rest, 17 drivers were denounced for this reason and another 30 for not taking a person in charge of the care of the minors on board the coach, when this was the case.

### Mobile Phones May Improve Road Safety

A team of researchers at the Universidad Politécnica de Madrid have been working on a project whereas rather than leading to potentially deadly distractions, a mobile phone can help road safety by advising drivers of safer speeds.



The technology behind intelligent speed adaptation systems (ISA) has been around since the 90s, mostly aimed at warning drivers who exceed the speed limit. In theory, the technology can also be used to block the functions of the mobile and even prevent use when driving, although this part of the system has seemingly not been welcomed by many, despite the obvious safety benefits.

Through this latest development of the system, the researchers in Madrid have been developing ways that the technology can identify other hazards which may need speed adjustment, such as bends, the camber of the road, the elevation etc, and even take into account the meteorological conditions, which may affect the adhesion to the road or visibility, for example, and the amount of traffic in each section. The technology can also identify the type of vehicle in which it is travelling, adjusting its reports accordingly.

The system obtains the information in real time and establishes the safest speed for the next section of the road contemplating and calculating the conditions reported, the stopping distance and the lateral acceleration of the vehicle as objective criteria. To the user, the mobile indicates the level of deceleration necessary. For the definition of the interface, the analysis of the impact on the level of attention required to receive the information of the system is carried out.

Although there are no plans to release the system any time soon, the prototype has been tested in a vehicle, with different drivers, analyzing their response to warnings and their degree of satisfaction and compliance with the limits set.

### DGT Takes Delivery of Traffic Drones

Along with a wide range of new equipment set to be tested on the roads of Spain, the DGT has taken delivery of its first traffic monitoring drones.



Already ground-breaking in their method of policing the roads from the air, the DGT contracted a Spanish company to create an “Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, or “drone” to monitor traffic.

With many of their helicopters already fitted with the pinpoint accurate Pegasus radar system, the DGT already use their eyes in the sky for speed detection as well as traffic flow, this latest development could revolutionise the skies once again.

The first aircraft are now ready to fly and be tested, equipped with a camera and setting about monitoring the conventional road network.

The drone is much cheaper to fly that a conventional aircraft and offer a faster response. In addition to monitoring traffic flow, it is hoped that they could be used emergency and incident response, following exceptional loads, fault detection and (eventually) enforcement.

Drones are already in use by numerous police forces around the globe, often for monitoring purposes, and in America there was a huge outcry in 2013 when California´s highways suddenly saw warning signs about Law Enforcement by Drones, although on this occasion it was part of an art project and not real.

### School Bus Driver Caught Five Times Over the Limit

The driver of a school bus carrying 42 high school students was arrested by the Santomera (Murcia) Local Police on Tuesday, after he was found to be almost five-times over the permitted alcohol limit.



As part of the week-long campaign focussing on school transport, the local police are supporting the Guardia Civil in testing the legalities on school transport.

The arrest occurred just after 14:00 on Tuesday afternoon when the 58-year-old driver was carrying the students between the two educational institutions of Octavio Carpena and Poeta Julián Andúgar, where he was going to pick up more students at the end of their class.

A police patrol participating in the joint special campaign suspected the driver had been drinking when they were carrying out the routine checks. The officers believed that the driver smelt of alcohol and was exhibiting other bodily signs of having consumed alcohol.

Having conducted a breathalyzer test on the driver, the results showed an alcohol level of 0.67 milligrams per litre of exhaled air, when the limit for professional drivers is 0.15.

The driver was arrested and released later on Tuesday with a summons to appear in the Murcia courts on Wednesday facing a quick trial for a crime against road safety.

### School Bus Checks This Week

From today, and all of this week, officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department will be carrying out extra checks and surveillance on school buses.



During the five-day campaign, the officers will intensify inspections on both the vehicles and the drivers, verifying that the authorisations and documents that these vehicles must have to perform in service, verify that the technical conditions and safety elements of the vehicle satisfy the minimum standards required by the regulations, as the special requirements that the drivers must meet, such as appropriate driving licences and rest times.

Safety is the highest priority for this type of transport and the annual incident figures do reflect school transport as being amongst the safest ways for children to travel to school, especially if the number of deaths per traveller is taken as a comparison by kilometre travelled.

According to Gregorio Serrano, the director of the DGT, “the safe mobility of minors is one of the priorities of the DGT. Every day there are thousands of students who use the school bus to go to school and return home, so we have to keep checking that these trips are made safely.” In addition, "with this type of campaign, we remind parents of the right to demand from schools or parent associations that buses that handle school transport meet all the regulatory requirements to carry out this type of transport.”

Inappropriate speed and distractions are the main causes of incidents in which this type of vehicle is involved, so speed controls will be carried out focusing on this type of vehicle especially, as well as other factors such as not using a mobile phone or other devices whilst driving. Alcohol and other drug controls will also be increased amongst drivers.

Statistically, 90% of incidents involving school transport take place at the time of getting in or out of the vehicle or just in the immediate moments surrounding this time. In many cases these are caused by the child being distracted, or the fact that the school bus driver or the parents are not paying full attention. To avoid this type of incident, it is recommended that parents respect bus stops, allow enough time for taking and collecting children, and not waiting for the children on the other side of the road.

Due to the importance of seat belts in saving lives in the event of an incident, special attention will be paid to the use of these in school buses that have them installed. Although all new buses that enter service must be fitted with seat belts (since October 2007, registration is denied to any bus that does not have these restraint systems installed), older vehicles are still allowed to continue without seat belts installed, until time allows for their replacement. Currently, despite their importance, only around 60% of the school bus fleet have seat belts installed.

According to several studies, the use of seat belts in buses would reduce fatal injuries by 90% in the event of a head-on collision or rollover, since correctly fastened it prevents the projection of the passenger (adult or child) and reduces impacts on the chest, abdomen and legs

As is normal in this type of campaign, the Guardia Civil will also be supported by colleagues in the municipal and local police.

 

Safety Statistics

In 2016 (the last year with consolidated data) school buses were involved in 32 incidents (20 on interurban roads and 12 in urban ones), in which no one was killed but 17 occupants were injured.

According to a study prepared by the Traffic Association of the Guardia Civil about incidents and injuries of vehicles dedicated to school transport:

 	The vast majority of them occur on conventional roads (65% last year).
 	The most frequent type of incident is the fronto-lateral collision.
 	Distraction and inappropriate speed appear as more frequent concurrent factors.

 

Educating on the School Bus

Trips from home to school can be a good time for the adult accompanying the children to remind them of some messages about road safety, such as:

 	Never stop behind the bus.
 	Wait for the driver's signal and always cross at least three metres ahead.
 	Inside the bus, stay seated and with the seat belt on, if it is installed.
 	Do not run when you get to the bus, or when leaving.
 	Obey the driver and the monitor.

In addition, parents should check the safety of the buses and coaches in which their children are travelling, request the centre hire buses with seat belts and check that a monitor accompanies the children during the journey.

 

Other Healthier Ways to get to School

In addition to the school bus there are other means of transport in which the students go to school: private car, public transport, bicycle or simply walking.

With the intention of promoting sustainable mobility from an early age, the DGT in collaboration with the Federation of Municipalities and Provinces is encouraging safer school roads, which favour and stimulate travel on foot, by bike or public transport to and from school.

Currently there are more than 100 municipalities in 35 provinces and approximately 300 schools that are working or already have safe school roads defined by the criteria.

### New Motorbikes and New Equipment - All aimed at saving lives

The latest two-wheeled addition to the Guardia Civil fleet sees a return for BMW, with the acquisition of nearly 300 BMW R1200RT motorbikes, set to replace the previous R850RT model, which had already started to be phased out by the powerful Yamaha FJR 1300. As well as the move towards more powerful and purpose designed motorbikes, the latest fleet sees the addition of high-visibility colours, yellow fluorine, required by new European regulations that recommend its use in police vehicles.



BMW Motorrad, owned by the BMW consortium, delivered the new motorbikes recently to the Guardia Civil, with their specific role of improving the safety of the officers who patrol the roads and motorways in Spain, and make the roads safer for all.

The motorbikes will be used on the Iberian Peninsula, in the Balearic Islands and also in the Canary Islands and will serve to replace the previous BMW R850RT. In this regard, the R1200RT “includes all the elements of safety and comfort” and have specifications required by the Traffic Department in order to carry out the tasks for which they will be used, such as the installation of a siren and emergency lights, amongst other elements.

These 291 motorcycles have the corporate colours of the Guardia Civil, the distinctive green and white colourings, and has the addition of the yellow fluorine features, which serves to satisfy the new European legislation that recommends its use in police vehicles.

Technical characteristics

With a list price of 19,650 euro, the R1200RT measures 2,222mm in length and 983mm in width. It has a wheelbase of 1,485mm and has a seat height to the floor of 805mm. It weighs 274kg and its maximum weight capacity with load is 495kg.

As is the standard for police motorbikes, the double-seat has been removed and replaced with a single-rider seat, allowing more room for the equipment to be carried.

It has a storage capacity of 25 litres, with areas specifically designed to transport the newly acquired and necessary equipment to carry out traffic surveillance without having to rely on other types of vehicles.

Francisco Javier Molano, Chief Lieutenant Colonel Guardia Civil in Galicia explained, “The new motorcycles allow the officers to perform speed controls and alcohol and drugs checks, without having to wait for the arrival of other patrols”. The motorcycles provide greater autonomy on the roads and with the new portable radars, the officers will be able to set up checks and controls and more areas, and faster than ever before. The new radars are small enough to be carried in the motorbike´s compartments, and can be set up on a tripod or used by hand.

The new alcohol and drug testing kits are also small enough to be carried on the motorbikes, allowing for instant checks to be carried out at the roadside at any time, day or night.

The Director General of Traffic, Gregorio Serrano, explained that the bikes are also intended to avoid the influence of applications and social networks that warn of alcohol controls. With motorcycles, these monitoring devices for alcohol and drug consumption will be much more dynamic, since the motorcycle has a greater versatility of use than cars, with which the controls will be much more agile.

Returning to the characteristics of the bikes themselves, it is equipped with a bi-cylinder mixed cooling engine, with a cylinder capacity of 1,170cc. Its maximum power is 125hp at 7,750rpm. Its torque is 125Nm at 6,500 rpm.

The motorbike has six gears and has a 320mm diameter hydraulic disc double disc front brake. Its rear brake is monodisc and its diameter is 276mm. The bike can carry a front tire of 120/70 ZR with a 17-inch forged aluminium rim. The rear tire is 180/55 ZR, also with a 17-inch forged aluminium rim.

It has several optional elements such as the Start-Up Assistant, the electronic suspension adjustment, gear-changing Assistant (for more comfort and dynamism when changing gears) and LED daytime running lights.

It has two driving modes: Rain and Road, as well as an automatic control system ASC (Automatic Stability Control). The windscreen is adjustable so that it protects better against wind and rain. It has a multifunctional dashboard with TFT screen, and an on-board computer that provides the rider with a wealth of information.

### Traffic Collisions Claim the Lives of 1,200 People Last Year

The number of people seriously injured reduced by 336 people
 	Distractions, inappropriate speed, tiredness or lack of sleep, and alcohol and drugs are the main contributing factors in fatal or serious incidents
 	The number of deaths in cars or vans of people not wearing a seat belt increased by 26, with 175 people losing their lives in 2017, compared to 149 in 2016
 	A total of 408.5 million long-distance journeys took place, 16.4 million more than 2016, which represents an increase of 4.2% over the previous year
 	At the beginning of 2017, 15 urgent road safety measures were announced, of which 90% have already been implemented
 	More measures will be implemented in 2018 in several blocks: More reforms, more controls, more education / training and communication, more research and more commitments between administrations and the private sector

 

 

In the latest compiled data for 2017, it was revealed that there were 1,067 fatal incidents on the interurban roads of Spain, in which 1,200 people were killed and 4,837 were hospitalised by their injuries, representing an increase of 3% in terms of fatal incidents (+28) and deaths (+39), although there has been a decrease of 6% (-336) in relation to those hospitalised.

The data has been presented by the Director General of Traffic, but is considered provisional as there is still a chance of complications from injuries sustained in incidents, which may alter the figures. Ordinarily, the fatality figures are concluded up to 24 hours after the incident, with an extension to 30 days following incidents on interurban roads.

Despite this upturn, the number of deaths remains below those recorded in 1960, the first year in which statistics are available, when there were 1,300 deaths, with an absolutely different mobility scenario (in 1960 there were one million vehicles and in 2017 the car quota is almost 33 million), but it must also be recognised that vehicle design has also played its part and vehicles today are far more safer than those of 1960, and yet the fatalities increase due, largely, to driver attitude and activity.

According to Gregorio Serrano, the Director General of Traffic, “Although Spain remains one of the safest countries on the road both in the world (8th) and in Europe (5th), we must continue making great efforts among all to reduce the accident figures”, continuing, “I am sure that with the new Traffic and Road Safety Law and with more measures of control, education, training, communication and research, we will be able to reduce the number of deaths on our roads together”, adding, that “no measure is effective if it does not have the involvement of drivers and the rest of the public administration”.

 

 

 

Evolution of the number of deaths in interurban roads (24 hours) 1960 - 2017



With the data we can conclude that the daily average of road fatalities is now 3.3 people per day, compared to 11.6 daily deaths in 2000.

A number of other factors also stand out from the data:

Mobility: An increase of 16.4 million long-distance road trips has been observed, which is 4.2% more than the previous year. In total, 408.5 million long-distance trips were registered in 2017, which represents an accumulated increase of 14.5% over the last four years.

Increase in vehicle numbers: During 2017, 1,787,242 addition vehicles have been registered, which means an automobile quota of almost 33 million vehicles on the roads.

Age of vehicles: Despite the new registrations, in 2017 the average age of the vehicles involved in fatal incidents is now 12 years for passenger cars, a percentage that increases to 13.8 years in the case of the cars involved in fatal incidents.

 

Characteristics of Incidents

By sex: A higher percentage of male deaths continue. The proportion of males over the total has been 78%, a percentage that remains consistent with respect to 2016.

By age: There is a significant decrease in deaths among people over 65 years of age. In 2017, 181 people died, compared to 240 the previous year.

The age groups in which the number of fatalities increased the most was the 25 to 34 years group, with an increase of 37%, and those aged between 55 and 64 years of age, with an increase of 16%.

With regards to children three more people were killed in 2017 compared to 2016, with a total of 21 children under 14 years of age being killed.

By Autonomous Communities: There was a decline in the number of deaths in a number of regions, including Galicia (-29), Comunidad Valenciana (-17); Basque Country (-6) Navarra (-3), La Rioja and Castilla y León (-1). The Balearic Islands maintained the same number of deaths as the previous year.  All other autonomous communities saw an increase in the number of deaths.

Regional Table



By type of route: Of the total number of fatalities, 77% occurred on conventional roads, which is why there is an increased focus in terms of surveillance and control on these routes. Specifically, last year, 792 people died on conventional roads, 30 more than in 2016.

On high capacity roads, the fatality rate decreased from 24% to 23%, from 245 in 2016 to 239 in 2017.

By incident type: On high-capacity roads, 41% of those killed in 2017 were in incidents where their vehicle left the road, 20% were in rear and multiple collisions, and 15% were pedestrian related. On conventional roads, 42% of the deaths were due to incidents where the vehicle left the road, whilst 28% were in frontal collisions.

Contributing factors: Distractions or inattentive driving (32%); inappropriate speed (26%), fatigue or sleep (12%); alcohol (12%) and other drugs (11%) are the factors that most contribute to fatalities, all of which are within the control and responsibility of the driver.

By type of road user: The data analysing the type of road user highlights differing behaviours. There was an increase in the number of fatalities involving car and van drivers, motorcyclists and cyclists, but a significant decrease in the number of pedestrians who lost their lives.

Road Users



Use of safety equipment: 24% of the drivers and passengers who died in cars and vans in 2017 were not wearing seat belts at the time of the incident. Despite continual warnings and the mandatory requirement, a total of 175 people could still be alive today if they had worn their seat belt, 26 more than in 2016.

Of the 240 people killed on motorcycles, 2 were not wearing a helmet. In the case of cyclists, of the 44 who died, 8 were not wearing a helmet, despite it being mandatory on interurban roads.

Of the 16 children under 12 years of age who died in cars or vans, 4 were not secured by and safety accessory at the time of the incident.

 

New Measures Taken



At the beginning of 2017, an urgent road safety plan was approved with 15 measures aimed at improving the worsening situation on the roads. Of the 15 urgent measures announced, 90% have already been implemented.

 

In addition to the 15-point plan, extra regulations and measures were also announced and approved, including the provision of more alcohol and drugs testing kits, 300 new motorcycles and 156 new vans with alcohol and drug testing equipment.

The Basic Plan of Road Education and the Provincial Commissions of Road Education have also been approved, which are already underway.

In addition to all these actions, during 2017, the 52 working groups created within the Superior Council of Traffic and Road Safety have met to discuss the changes and improvements that can be made in the Road Safety Act so that the DGT can subsequently develop the new traffic law to send to the Ministry in the first quarter of the year.

 

Projects for 2018

Projects set to be implemented during 2018 will be concentrated in several blocks: More reforms, more controls, more education / training and communication, more research and more commitments between administrations and the private sector.

We will look more closely at each of the proposed elements as the year progresses, but for now we can see the lists of these blocks.

 

More reforms:

New Traffic and Traffic Safety Law, General Regulation of vehicles and Regulation of roadside assistance.

Approval of the State Strategic Plan for the bicycle.

Road safety strategy 2018-2020.

Commissioning of the DGT 3.0 connected vehicle platform.

Strategic vehicle plan.

Plan of measures against the sinisterness of vulnerable people.

 

More controls:

Approval of new plan against the speed and publication of a new radar instruction.

Approval of the protocol for the application of Art. 36 of the Driver's Regulation in the recidivists for alcohol and other drugs.

New comprehensive plan to fight against alcohol and drugs in driving.

Acquisition of drones for traffic control.

 

More education, training and communication:

Development of the basic Coordination Plans in Road Education.

Acquisition of more pedagogical materials for schools.

Acquisition of 50 mobile traffic playgrounds.

Approval call for aid to associations of victims of traffic incidents, with special attention to the road education of adolescents.

Reform of the road training model in Spain.

Admission of 100 new examiners.

Carrying out communication campaigns in all media (TV, radio, digital ...) about the more vulnerable group: pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists.

Realisation of new communication campaigns, outdoor advertising and direct actions.

 

More research:

Investment of 1 million euro in research grants

 

More commitments:

Approval of agreements for the promotion of road safety education with the Autonomous Communities.

Approval framework agreement of collaboration with the FEMP (federation of municipalities).

Celebration of collaboration agreements on road safety with the operators of the roads.

Approval of bilateral agreements with municipalities on vulnerable road safety.

Continue to promote work-based road safety in collaboration with companies.

 

### Changes to Traffic Laws in 2018

During 2017 a number of changes have been proposed and announced by the DGT, which will affect all drivers on Spain´s roads.

With the main objective of reducing road traffic incidents and, reducing the risk of serious injury or death, many of the changes are already prepared and will start to come into force from the end of January. We have already reported on some of these changes but have brought them all together here as a digest of what we can look forward to.

Gregorio Serrano, the Director General of Traffic, said that “the new traffic law will be ready by the end of January 2018”, and that there will be important changes to the” examination procedure, points system, and to ITV inspections”, all aimed at reducing the number of deaths on the roads, 1,165 in 2017bso far recorded, ultimately to zero.

Changes to Examinations

The reforms, which could take effect from 2018, will be implemented in both the theoretical and in the practical exam, improving and adapting the system to those of other European countries.

It has been proposed that examinees perform the test through electronic devices. This could also include the projection of videos in which the student must describe a manoeuvre, observe hazards and react to emergency situations.

In addition, much like the changes implemented in the UK, the practical part of the exam will include students following the instructions of a GPS over a set route, having to obey the instructions given by the device, whilst still respecting the rules of the road.

Change to the Penalty Points System

The implementation of the penalty points system was recognised as one of the most effective measures in improving road safety. In Spain, points are awarded with the licence, then withdrawn in the event of an infraction, with the ability to increase the number of points awarded for good driving behaviour over time.

Despite the success, the DGT believes that the system needs to be updated and reconsidered so that it remains as effective as it has been up to now. To do this, the catalogue of infractions which cause point loss will be reviewed. Furthermore, the plan will include the automatic loss of the licence if all points are lost, since “it is indicative that the offender lacks the proper characteristics to drive a vehicle.”

The courses for obtaining points will also be reviewed and it is planned to create a virtual card so that all members of the European Union will be sanctioned if they commit infractions in Spain.

Changes to the ITV Process

The changes to the ITV system have already been published into the legal stature, and will come into force in May.

Users of vehicles who suffer a failure or negative result will be able to go to a different test centre for the retest, as long as the faults have been rectified.

ITV test centres will be obliged to have diagnostic reading tools that can be connected to the on-board computers of the vehicles. This way it will be possible to detect if malicious software has been installed that alters the operation of the Airbag, the catalysts, or the particle filters.

Likewise, reviews should also be made in greater depth on the security elements. In the past, this would involve physical tests of the seat belts, but from now on the electronic elements that are accessed through the computer on board the vehicle will also be checked.

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 11

The Eyes in the Sky

2017 in Review - New 2018 Laws - UK Vehicle Checks - Are Dash Cams Legal? - Newly Equipped Motorbikes - And Much, More Inside our 66 page new-look edition...

You can read the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch FOR FREE after the introduction below. Or, you can purchase the PDF version and download it to your computer or device.


Buy PDF


Introduction by Mark Nolan...

Welcome to the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch, and welcome to a Brand new year.

Lots of changes have been implemented over the last few months, with many more set to start during the first part of this year. All of these changes have a single goal, to try to make the roads safer for all. We detail the changes that will be coming into force in this edition.

We also look back on 2017 and review the situation on the roads, with vehicles getting safer, there is still an insufficient decline in safety figures, with driver attitude and responsibility till being the main contributor.

We have also expanded this issue, and will continue to expand with each edition. We have sections on health, and travel, with more still to come, all thanks to our collaborations with quality service providers in our area.

We still have many more projects in development, some of which we will be revealing this year, others are in the early stages.

Okay, so it might be a little vague, but we don´t want to give too much away at the moment, but we are confident that you will find them extremely useful.

It´s not only us developing of course, and going back to this edition, you will see how technological advances are making road policing and monitoring a lot easier, with new motorbikes delivered this month, mobile speed radars and other new equipment all on the way, here is where you will be able to read all about them.

We also feature a section of the Guardia Civil that is often never seen, although always there if needed, the men and women of air support. This group of skilled aircrew are different from the team who fly the DGT traffic helicopters, but you will find out more inside.

For now, enjoy this edition and stay safe.










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### Drunk Driver Causes Ambulance Crash in Elche

Officers from Elche Local Police arrested a man on suspicion of driving under the influence of excessive alcohol and in a vehicle which did not have insurance or ITV certification, after he caused an ambulance to crash in Elche.



The sole occupant of the ambulance, the driver, was luckily unhurt in the incident which occured on calle Jacarilla in the town, near to the main retail area just before midnight.

The driver of the car fled the scene in his vehicle after carrying out a manoeuvre which caused the ambulance to take evasive action and crash, turning over onto its side.

All available resources were deployed to the area and the exit routes quickly blocked, soon after which a suspect vehicle presented itself and the officers were able to intercept the car before it fled the town.

Having carried out the necessary checks, the officers could see that the driver was driving under the influence of alcohol, and subsequently gave a positive blood alcohol test. In addition, the vehicle had been deregistered and did not have the mandatory insurance or technical ITV certificate.

The ambulance driver needed the help of the officers to exit the overturned vehicle, but only suffered minor bruises. The ambulance was taken out of service as a result of the crash.

### Permission to Use Your Vehicle

Assuming your insurance covers multiple drivers, you may allow any qualified driver to use your vehicle. However, in order to avoid problems if the driver is stopped, it is recommended that the vehicle driver is given a document proving that they have the owner´s permission to drive the vehicle.

This may seem like an inconvenience, but it is for your protection. If the vehicle is stopped, the officers who come across a vehicle driven by somebody other than the registered keeper will question the legalities of the driver, which is in your best interest, as if it is stolen they will find out very soon. Otherwise, if a vehicle is stolen but not yet reported as such, there could be no reason for the Guardia Civil or police to doubt that the person driving the vehicle has the owner´s permission, and so it could otherwise go unchecked.

But of course there could be a genuine reason for somebody other than the registered keeper to drive the car, which is what this document would help to prove.

Simply download the document and complete it, or complete the online version and print it, and attach a copy of both the owner´s driving licence, and a copy of the licence of the person given permission to drive. It should be completed in full, including a term of validity, and then dated and signed.

Download, print and complete this document...

[pdf-embedder url="https://n332.es/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/authdriver.pdf" title="Download, print and complete this form."]

RIGHT CLICK THIS LINE AND CHOOSE SAVE AS TO DOWNLOAD THE ABOVE DOCUMENT

OR, download and complete this one on your computer before printing it...

[pdf-embedder url="https://n332.es/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/authdriverform.pdf" title="Or download, and complete this version on your computer before printing it"]

RIGHT CLICK THIS LINE AND CHOOSE SAVE AS TO DOWNLOAD THE ABOVE DOCUMENT

### The N332 Team will be in Guardamar on Monday

On Monday the 29th of January, members of the N332 team will be giving a presentation on road traffic law at the Marjal Guardamar Camping Resort in Guardamar, just off the N332 main road (location map at the bottom of this article.

The talk will cover various parts of traffic law, and will be presented by a representative of both the N332 Guardia Civil team, and the website and publication members.

The presentation is free to attend and open to all, but the organisers ask that you let them know if you plan to attend so that they can ensure there will be enough seats.

This is the first of our talks for this season, with more to follow, and we look forward to meeting with you from Monday.

To attend, please contact Ann Murray on Facebook, or you can email us and we will add your details to their list. Send your contact name, telephone number and email address, as well as the number of people in your group, to news@n332.es

### Fake Ferrari Seller Arrested

A 43-year-old man has been arrested in the Torrellano area of Elche (Alicante), for allegedly modifying the body of an old Pontiac car, converting it to have the appearance of a luxury Ferrari, with the aim of selling it for financial benefit.



According to the National Police, the man had used logos officially registered by the Italian brand to give a greater appearance of truth to the scam, in a sale that was announced at a popular online sales portal.

The vehicle has been seized in a workshop in Torrellano, in an operation carried out by agents of the Specialist Crime group of the Provincial Brigade of the Judicial Police of Alicante.

The man was released with charges pending facing crimes against intellectual property and fraud, on account of manipulating the vehicle so that at first glance it had the appearance of being a Ferrari, a vehicle of much higher value.

 

### Hit and Run Suspect Arrested on the Brink of Fleeing the Country

Thanks to the collaboration of a witness to a conversation, the National Police managed to hunt down and capture a fugitive responsible for knocking down and killing a 17-year-old girl in Madrid, just before the suspect fled the country.

The incident occurred on Monday on the M-117 road in Madrid, when the girl was fatally knocked down at kilometre 3 of the road. The driver fled the scene.



Later that evening, a man, of Paraguayan origin, attended the police station in Pozuelo de Alarcón and explained to the officers the details of a conversation he had overheard between two men earlier that afternoon.

The witness to the conversation stated that he did not know the person allegedly responsible for the incident, but at around one o'clock on Monday afternoon he had encountered him whilst smoking a cigar in a doorway.

For about five minutes, the witness listened into the conversation where one of the men was explaining to the other how he had knocked somebody over in his car, and now plans to immediately leave the country.

The person receiving the information left shortly afterwards, whilst the suspect called another acquaintance and explained the situation again, saying, “I have run over someone and I think I have killed them”, asking for help to leave the country, “I have to leave Spain to a Latin American country”.

The witness to the conversation maintained his demeanour and continued to listen for more clues, before finishing his cigar, then returning to his home where he searched the internet for incidents which could have matched the details of what he had just heard.

Very quickly he came across news of the death of Alejandra, the 17-year-old girl which had taken place in Madrid on Monday at Fuente el Saz de Jarama on her way to school.

Unsure as to whether the information he had heard was true, and battling with his conscience, for several hours the man chose to remain silent, but then decided to go to the police station in Pozuelo de Alarcón around eight o'clock in the evening.

Once there, the Paraguayan explained to the officers what he had heard, with special emphasis on the fact that the subject planned to leave Spain that same day. At that time, the police did not have any more information other than that provided by the witness, who explained that he was a man of about 50 years of Paraguayan or Argentine origin, since the witness was able to distinguish the different nuances of Every Latin American speaker thanks to his origin.

The National Police launched an operation in which they called on the assistance of the Guardai Civil, who were in charge of the investigation into the fatal incident, confirming what they knew about the suspect and the victim.

Officers then visited the apartment block where conversations had taken place, knocking on every door in the block until one of the doors was opened by a Paraguayan girl. “Does a member of your family drive a green Mercedes?” asked the officers, to which the girl replied, “Yes, my uncle, but he just left with his bags in a hurry and I do not know why”.

The police then visited the suspect´s home, at around 10 o'clock at night, although he wasn´t there, and, remembering the threat to flee the country, set about searching flights leaving Madrid airport, and discovered a flight leaving at 23:55 to Buenos Aires.

Contacting the flight operator, the company confirmed the suspect had bought a ticket and was already on board the aircraft. Given the little time they had left, the police were forced to ask the plane's Captain for assistance and permission to proceed with the arrest, which finally took place at 00:15 on board the plane.

According to sources, the suspect collapsed shortly after the arrest occurred and, although he did not confess the crime, he did tell them the exact place where the car with which he had run over the child was located, so is now accused of reckless homicide, omission of the duty of assistance and crimes against civil security.

### Cyclists Injured and a Lucky Escape in Local Incidents

Two cyclists were injured on Wednesday afternoon after being hit by a car the Pilar de la Horadada area.

The emergency services were alerted to the incident at around 15:10 when they were telephoned for assistance on the CV-941.

A paramedic unit (SAMU) and basic life support ambulance (SVB) were sent to the scene where they found a 46 year old cyclist having suffered a trauma to one leg, and a second, aged 40, with multiple injuries.

Both were transferred to the University Hospital of Torrevieja whilst the Guardia Civil took over the scene and took a statement from the driver whilst they investigate.

Meanwhile, a Dolores resident had a lucky escape from a spectacular crash on the road between Daya Nueva and Daya Vieja on Tuesday night, when the driver lost control of the vehicle on the CV-901 after passing the Daya Nueva cemetery roundabout.

The car jumped the crash barrier and landed on its side in a ditch on a curve. The 20-year-old driver was unhurt and an investigation is being carried out into the circumstances surrounding this incident.

Picture by Marcus

### Arrested for Burglary of Homes and Garages

One minor has been arrested and another three are being investigated on suspicion of being responsible for 30 burglaries from homes and garages in the Valencia area of l'Horta Nord.

Operation 'Canixech' saw five people investigated, four of them minors, for crimes of robbery with force.

The officers recovered objects from robberies valued at around 16,000 euro in an operation that attributed the gang to crimes committed in Rafelbunyol, Pobla de Fanals, Museros, Massalfasar, Massamagrell and Albuixech.

The operational phase culminated in the arrest of an elderly man and the investigation of four other young people, all of Spanish nationality, as presumed authors of 30 crimes of robbery with force in several localities. The 'modus operandi' was the same: broken locks, perimeter fence jump or elimination of security measures. They moved mainly at night time so as not to be detected and usually on mopeds or bicycles.

In addition to recovering stolen property, the officers seized mopeds which had been disassembled into parts, ten bicycles also disassembled, and 13 moped tires, in addition to a modified compressed airgun, a revolver box, hunting cartridges, a bag of gunpowder and two mobile phones.

The value of the recovered items was put at around 16,000 euro.



 

### Drivers Failed to Prepare for Adverse Weather

During the first weekend of January, some 3,000 vehicles became trapped on a snowbound motorway in Segovia, prompting the government to call on military forces to assist the Guardia Civil in freeing vehicles and their occupants.

However, according to the Director General of the DGT, Gregorio Serrano, many of the drivers who became trapped did not hear or head the warnings, and many others failed to take necessary precautions.

Serrano gave a press conference after the event and explained how more than 3,000 vehicles had been trapped on the AP-6 at the height of several municipalities of Segovia. Serrano said that ”many vehicles went without snow chains” which caused a serious of incidents which collapsed the road.

Although carrying snow chains is not mandatory, it is advisable during times of snow risk as it is mandatory to use them if signs are displayed saying so. Vehicles which do not carry snow chains must not proceed on roads where these signs are displayed.

Guardia Civil traffic officers worked tirelessly into a cold Saturday night to try to ease the problem and rescue stranded drivers, but the situation quickly became uncontrollable and so UME military forces were called in, staying on site well into Sunday afternoon.

Serrano compared the situation to “many European countries”, where such occurrences are not infrequent, but this situation was further aggravated by the end of the Christmas holiday period.

Serrano personally monitored the situation throughout the incident and assured the press conference that every possible resource was deployed which, despite the severity of the situation, could have ended so much worse, but could also have been so much easier should drivers have prepared and took notice of the warnings.

### Welcome to a New You – The January Health Kick

As the festive season comes to an end, many people feel the pinch around the waistline and decide to embark on a “new you” in January, with a health kick to work of those extra added kilos.

Joining a gym, a support group, on-line diet plan all see boosts at this time of year, but so does and increase in the number of people taking to the streets in their own fitness routines, perhaps walking, running or cycling off that extra baggage.

Remember, if you are on foot, walking or running, you are a pedestrian. Always wear bright, high visible clothing, stop at pedestrian crossings, keep an eye out for hidden junctions such as garage exits or side roads, and avoid distractions such as using headphones which may prevent you being aware of your surroundings. If you have to use the road remember to always face oncoming traffic.

If you take to two wheels, remember that you are a vehicle, governed by the same laws as another other, cars, vans, etc, and you must never wear headphones or use a mobile phone, always respect traffic lights, signs, signals and one-way streets, if using pedestrian crossings remember that you must dismount and walk, as with running always wear high visibility clothing.

At night and in times of poor visibility lights must be used on bikes (a bell is also mandatory), and are advisable for running or walking. If you are running or walking in a group it is mandatory.

Vigilance and visibility is vital as a vulnerable road user. Be seen, be observant and be careful, if you are hoping to improve, good luck, but be careful.

### Are Dash Cams Legal in Spain?

A frequently reoccurring question searched for is "are dash cams legal in Spain?"

Although there are data protection issues, when referring to traffic law the simple answer is yes. One point that must be considered is that under data protection legislation you can run into problems if you share the footage on social media showing faces or number plates without permission, for example.

That said, not only are dash cams legal in Spain, they can also be extremely useful, especially in providing evidence in the event of an incident, or worse, and can be used by the authorities to help prosecute offenders, such as was the case when a lorry driver embarked on an extremely dangerous overtaking move, the footage was used to track down and prosecute the driver.



We must take notice of is that the installation of the dash cam must not interfere with our primary field of vision. The optimum position will depend on the style of camera and vehicle, but if the camera can be hidden behind the rear view mirror, then it will not impede your view of the road ahead, and will not create an additional distraction (there is an example in the gallery at the bottom of the page).

Like all devices, such as GPS, mobile phones, they must also be secured and you must not touch them whilst you are driving.

In terms of them being useful, dash cams have been in use in many countries for many years, serving not only as a means of providing evidence in the event of an incident, but also protecting vehicle owners against false claims. Russia is one of the countries where dash cams have been in use for many years and in America, a move to make them mandatory gained support in recent years, on account of the value they provide.

The video below was taken from a dash cam in a car driving on the N-332 through a notorious junction in Santa Pola. The junction was the scene of numerous collisions in the past, and has since had additional safety features fitted. In this video a near head-on collision was avoided, but should the outcome have been worse, it would have been clear to see where liability could be assigned.



A second video recorded by the same vehicle also shows some of the more bizarre scenes dash cams can pick up, here we can see an absolute act of stupidity which could so easily have had a fatal outcome.



If you are looking to purchase a dash cam, the good news is that through a collaboration with one of our partners we have details of a great deal.

Movil System in Torrevieja are offering their most popular dash cam for just 69.99€, and if you mention N332 when you purchase it they will give you an 8gb memory card absolutely free.

The camera boasts Full HD 1080P with a 3" TFT display for previewing the footage. It has a 170º wide angle lens, parking monitor, support for 32G, motion detection, looping video and G-Sensor built in which protects the footage in the event of a collision or emergency, so that it cannot be deleted.

The video quality is now far superior than the videos above, as you can see from the screen grab in the gallery below.



For more information, you can visit them in their shop in Torrevieja, located on Calle Apolo, where their English speaking staff will be happy to give you a demonstration.They also provide a wide range of computer, mobile and device services, details of which you can see on their website here.

Remember, to get your free gift, you must mention N332 when you order your dash cam.

 

 

### Christmas Road Campaign Starts Friday

Friday sees the start of this year´s special operation on the roads, which runs from 15:00 on Friday until midnight on January the 7th, when 17 million journeys are expected to take place.



There will be three phases to the operation, which coincides with the three special days of the holiday, Christmas, New Year and Three Kings.

Phase 1 will begin on Friday, December the 22nd, and will end on Monday, December the 25th, during which an estimated 4,350,000 million trips will take place.

The second phase, for New Year, will start on Friday the 29th, and will and on January the 1st, 2018, when an estimated 4,000,000 journeys will take place.

The third and final phase coincides with Three Kings and begins on Friday the 5th and runs through to Monday the 7th of January, with an estimated 2,750,000 trips planned.

At the start of the campaign there will be an estimated movement from inland cities towards destinations of second homes or tourist interest, such as the coastal areas. During the period shopping centres and towns and cities will see an increase in short-haul journeys, and leisure areas will also be busier. At the end of the campaign the movement will be reversed as the tourists return home.

The principal reason for the operations is to facilitate the safe and fluid movement of vehicles, ensuring road safety, with key focuses on tourist, mountainous and large urban areas.

In order to ensure safety on the roads the Guardia Civil will be out in force on the roads, supported by colleagues from the DGT on the ground and in the air, and the local and regional police.

Surveillance will be intensified on conventional roads, especially in the sections which have been highlighted as being particularly problematic or dangerous, all of which are listed on the DGT website, dgt.es. If is more important than ever that speed limits and warnings are observed on these roads.

There will also be an increase in the number of alcohol and drugs checks on the roads, which can take place at any time, day or night. The DGT´s helicopters will also be out and about, including the eight fitted with Pegasus radar equipment.

There will be additional lanes created to improve traffic flow, with special rules in place in these areas. There will also be restrictions of goods vehicles at times, which can be checked on the DGT website, dgt.es, and all none essential road works will be put on hold.

You can also check for incidents on the road on the dgt.es website, and through the official Twitter accounts, @DGTes and @informacionDGT, as well as on Facebook, on radio and news bulletins, and on the free DGT app.

 

Christmas Facts and Figures

The Guardia Civil has another 156 new vans for drug and alcohol control, added to the 40 that were delivered in the summer.

In addition to the vans, the DGT has also invested 7.7 million euro in the purchase of 746 ethylmeters and 500 drug readers, and 23,400 multi-drug kits.

Around 6,000 traffic officers from the Guardia Civil will be on duty.

More than 800 officials and specialist technical personnel will be on duty in the various Traffic Management Centres.

More than 13,000 employees of the conservation and exploitation companies will be on the roads.

The roads will be monitored by 1,690 cameras, 2,466 data collection stations,2,310 variable message panels, and 12 helicopters that will carry out surveillance from their bases in Madrid, Valencia, Malaga, Seville, Zaragoza, Valladolid and A Coruña, (8 of them equipped with the Pegasus radar system).

 

Road safety = Prevention and Prudence

The most important thing, as always, is to always maintain safe speed and distance, allow plenty of time for your journey, never get distracted by mobile phones or other devices, and never consume alcohol or drugs before driving.

In addition, it is advised:

Preparation : Before starting a journey prepare for it and check the state of the roads and weather conditions through such means as the DGT website.

Adverse weather : Due to the time of the year we are in, rain, snow, wind, and fog may appear during the trip. In times of poor visibility remember that on conventional roads the use of headlights is mandatory, not just daytime running lights, and you must reduce speed and increase the safety distance.

Snow Chains : It is essential to carry snow chains or winter tires, especially for trips in mountainous areas. When signs indicate, these chains must be used or you must not continue. Also periodically check that the windscreen and windows are in perfect condition, for safety and economy.

Rest : During the trip, take breaks every two hours. Inattention in driving is one of the main causes of incidents.

Secondary roads : Pay special attention on short trips and secondary roads, since they tend to produce a large number of incidents due to complacency, overconfidence and a lapse in the adoption of safety measures. All precautions should be applied even on these short trips.

Restraint systems : All occupants of the vehicle must always wear a seatbelt and minors must be properly restrained with their child restraint systems, and only sat in the back (if under 135cm in height).

Alcohol and other drugs : Do not consume alcoholic beverages or any other type of drugs if you are going to drive.

Motorcyclists : Motorcycles are especially vulnerable, especially on curves and on secondary roads. All road users must remember to be alert, motorcyclists included.

Cyclists : Attention and respect for and from cyclists is also essential. It is forbidden to overtake a cyclist if this manoeuvre can endanger or hinder their progress and in any case, a minimum lateral separation of one and a half meters with the cyclist should be kept when overtaking. Cyclists too must also maintain a safe distance and comply with all traffic laws.

### N332 - The Annual 2017

We have released an eBook to combine all of the traffic related articles published on the n332.es website throughout the year in an easy to read format which you can download as a PDF to keep on your device, computer, tablet or mobile. You can read the introduction below and see the contents at the bottom. Remember, these articles are all available on the website, the eBook combines them into a simple reference book.


...


This eBook combines all of the traffic law related articles published on the n332.es website throughout 2017. These articles detail many of the changes which have been implemented throughout this year, as well as some of the proposals, and some laws which will come into forcé during 2018.

We have also included a couple of other important articles, such as those which explain the facts surrounding some of the scams and fake warnings which have been shared through social media during the year.

The idea is to combine the articles into a simple reference book, which you can have at your disposal at any time, allowing you to look back on these changes and refresh yourself and your knowledge at any time.

The n332.es website has become a valuable resource for accurate information, and, as always, the articles and information has been provided, checked and verified by Franciso Morales and his team, a serving Guardia Civil traffic officer based in Torrevieja who manages the N332 / Driving Spain Facebook group with a number of his colleagues, interacting on a daily basis with the many followers who have been looking for help and advice about driving laws.

Remember to keep visiting the n332.es website for regular updates, follow the Facebook page, and download our Android app for the latest news. We also hope you will continue to enjoy Reading the N332 RoadWatch eMagazine throughout 2018, as you have done so far.

Everybody behind the Project thanks you for your continued support, remember we are all volunteers and without the help of our sponsors and supporters it would be difficult to progress with the developments we have completed so far, and others we have planned for the future. Thank you.

 





Buy Now

### Time to Check Your Lights Again

Although we are getting closer to the time when the evenings start to get lighter, the lights on our vehicles have possibly been in use more than ever, and so it´s a good time to check that all of the lights on our vehicles are fully working.

Until quite recently, all vehicles had to carry a spare set of bulbs, this is no longer the case. The Spanish government recognised that changing a bulb is no longer a simple task, and in many cases can only be done by qualified mechanics, and so carrying a spare set was pointless, if the ability to change the bulbs had been removed.

However, it is still important to check all of the lights on a regular basis, even those not used too often, such as fog lights.

It is better to have an assistant to help you do this so that one of you can be in the car operating the switches, the other on the outside monitoring the results.

Remember, check every light, headlights (including full beam), indicators and hazard lights (front and back), rear lights and brake lights, reversing and fog lights, and the lights that illuminate the number plate at the rear.

If your vehicle is a modern one you might also have Daytime Running Lights installed. Although these lights are often more reliable than traditional lights, on account of them being LED´s, they should also be checked on a regular basis.

If you don´t have anybody to help you can still carry out the checks by using reflective surfaces such as shop windows or other parked vehicles. Make sure you do this in an isolated location though as you don´t want to confuse other motorists.

If any of the lights have failed make sure you get them replaced immediately as it is an offence to drive with defective lights.

### Staying Safe this Christmas Season

Although no specific threats have been received and the threat level in Spain remains the same as it has done for some time, it is inevitable that security measures will be increased to ensure that the festive period passes as safely as possible.



Guardia Civil and police checkpoints will be in place in various locations. Although many of these will be traffic related, there will also be many others which are checking vehicles for security reasons. Once again we remind everyone of the importance of not sharing the locations of these checkpoints should you see them, such as through social media, as this often gives those who may be intent on criminal activity the opportunity to avoid detection.

If you are stopped at a checkpoint the advice remains the same too. Stay calm and act on the instructions of the officers involved. If you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear and you will be on your way in a very short space of time.

It´s not only on the roads where danger lurks at Christmas time, which is why the police also offer a wealth of advice on how to stay safe, with the hope of making shoppers and traders aware of potential risks, thus hoping to reduce the number of scams, thefts and robberies that often occur in areas where large crowds gather.

A greater presence of police officers will be noticeable in key areas, as more officers are being deployed, not only on foot, but on horseback and supported by their k-9 colleagues as well.

A guide book was previously produced, and is still available, warning of the dangers, and current information can always be obtained through the three Twitter accounts, @policia, @interiorgob and @polprvalencia, which are the National Police, Interior Ministry and Valencia Police respectively.

One of the most frequent incidents the police have to deal with is lost children. The police recommend the obvious, keeping a close eye on children at all times, but also the less obvious, such as ensuring the child knows their name and a telephone number to contact in emergencies. They also recommend a wrist band or bracelet with the name and contact number of the parents printed or engraved on it.

For adults, you should avoid carrying large amounts of cash and make sure that you are not followed when you have collected cash from an ATM or a bank. If you become suspicious, contact the police immediately.

Do not accept help from strangers who supposedly want to help, they sometimes take advantage of your guard being lowered in order to grab money and valuables.

Avoid street-gamers playing such tricks as the “shell game” or “find the lady” type scams, not only will you not win, your distraction leaves you vulnerable to theft.

When you visit friends and neighbours, always lock your home securely, leave nothing of value in view, don´t fully lower your window blinds and don´t announce your intentions to vacate the premises on social media.

Similar advice also applies to the car of course, never leave valuables such as gifts on show. If you return to your vehicle with goods, be careful you are not seen if you then leave your car to continue to shop.

The Police would also like to remind party organisers and revellers that any activity, party or public celebration must have administrative approval and comply with safety standards, such as having fire extinguishers, security and emergency exits indicated. If any incident occurs: keep calm and try to stay away from that area, alerting the organiser or 091. Always follow the event security personnel or police where appropriate.

Finally, if you see anything or anybody acting suspiciously, please notify the authorities immediately. Although you might not consider it an emergency, the 112 call centre is staffed by people who speak a variety of languages and nobody will be offended if an alert turns out to be false, as that is by far a better outcome than ignoring something which later results in a tragic incident.

Stay safe this holiday period, look after yourself and your belongings, keep them out of sight at all times, keep bags and wallets secure and never unattended, and be vigilant, that way we can all hope for a safe and peaceful Christmas and New Year period.

### Police Surprise Cathedral Drunk Driver

The Local Police have arrested a man on suspicion of drunk driving, after they found him trying to drive his car down the steps of Burgos cathedral.



According to the police they first believed the driver may have been lost, and so went to assist in his route. The driver was surprised to see them and acted in a nervous manner and so the officers suspected that the driver may have consumed alcohol and performed a breathalyser test on  the driver.

After testing positive for alcohol the driver was arrested on suspicion of a crime against road safety.

The vehicle was parked in the municipal pound until the matter was resolved.

### Orihuela Costa Bike Theft Gang Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested nine youths on the Orihuela Costa (Alicante), on suspicion of being a group dedicated to stealing bicycles as part of a "game".



Another four, who are aged between 15 and 19 and of different nationalities, are being investigated and are believed to be responsible for seven robberies and three thefts, which were carried out as part of a dare to see who could steal the most. 

The alleged members of the gang have already appeared in court and have been released with charges pending. 

The officers, based in Pilar de la Horadada, began an investigation due to an increase in domestic thefts in residential areas of the Orihuela Costa, all with similar characteristics.

The officers quickly discovered that a gang of youths were behind the thefts, all from neighboring Torrevieja (Alicante). The modus operandi was always the same: they walked or took a bus to the Orihuela Costa, in small groups of three to six people. Once there, they toured the different developments and selected homes where they were to commit robberies. Then one or two of them jumped the fence of the house and another was watching from the street. They carried cutters with them to allow them to cut chains or locks and once they had enough bikes they would return them to Torrevieja. 

The investigation concluded that the young people had committed the crimes as a "game" in which they would challenge each other to see who could steal the most, and also included burglaries committed in Halloween night, in which the alleged perpetrators, taking advantage of this festival, donned masks, as a disguise to avoid being recognised by possible security cameras. 

Due to the dispersion in small groups of this gang, the Guardia Civil had to divide the operation into five stages and performed all arrests 'in the act', when the alleged members were riding on newly stolen bicycles. The officers recovered a total of 17 bikes, and have not ruled out finding more. 

The operation culminated with the arrest of nine youths between 15 and 19 years (four Spaniards, two Germans, one Romanian, one Venezuelan and one Moroccan), and investigating another four (two Spaniards, a Brit and a Ukrainian, between 15 and 18 years) being the alleged perpetrators. 

After going to court, both the Courts of Orihuela and the Youth Offenders Office in Alicante, have released the gang members on bail with charges.

### Personal Mobility Vehicles (VMP) - Instruction 16 / V-124

This is a translation of an official document issued by the DGT which proposes the official definition of mobility scooters (vehículos de movilidad personal, abbreviated to VMP) in order to provide legal classification as to how and where they are permitted, and clarification of other matters such as licencing and insurance.



Subject: Personal mobility vehicles (VMP)

Instruction 16 / V-124

Traditionally urban traffic has been legally disciplined in our country, differentiating pedestrians and motor vehicles. The first was assigned to the pavements as its natural space and the second to the roads. On this separation, the main traffic regulations that govern the cities were established, such as those related to restrictions, signalling, transit priorities, prohibitions, etc.

New technologies have favoured the emergence of urban mobility solutions that favour pedestrian travel by the help of new vehicle models that break the traditional pedestrian / motor vehicle division. These vehicles in some cases have a mass greater than that of people and move at a higher speed than pedestrians (see guidance examples in Annex I).

As a result of this, and because of the lack of a dedicated space on the roads, personal mobility vehicles (vehículos de movilidad personal, abbreviated to VMP) generate risk situations when sharing the urban space with other  users.

Under these conditions, and as long as a specific regulation on the aforementioned vehicles is not drawn up, the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) proposes the following criteria:

FIRST - Technical and legal cataloguing

The VMP can be defined as a vehicle capable of assisting the human being in their personal movement and that by their construction, can exceed the characteristics of cycles and be equipped with an electric motor. Town halls will establish limitations to the movement on urban roads, depending on the maximum speed by construction, mass, capacity, service or other criteria that are considered relevant.

In order to technically and legally catalogue VMPs, the following will be taken into account:

 	a) Personal mobility vehicles must adhere to the technical requirements established in the current legislation on industrial safety and general product safety in their design, manufacture, and commercialisation, in accordance with the provisions of Law 21/1992 of July 16.
 	b) From the scope of traffic legislation, personal mobility devices will be considered as "vehicles", in accordance with the definition established by point 6 of Annex I of Royal Legislative Decree 6/2015, of 30 October, which approves the revised text of the Law on Traffic, Circulation of Motor Vehicles and Road Safety. It has the aforementioned point in which a vehicle is defined as "The apparatus suitable for driving on roads or lands referred to in article 2."

The provisions above imply, to the contrary, two characteristics of the use of these devices:

 	a) The impossibility of assimilating them to the figure of the pedestrian, and which, therefore, cannot be used on the pavements and spaces reserved for them. This impossibility would only be excepted in those cases in which the Municipal Authority expressly authorises, as an arrangement of pedestrian zones, the possibility of its use in these spaces (article 7.1a a) and b) of Royal Legislative Decree 6/2015, of 30 October).
 	b) The impossibility of cataloguing them as motor vehicles. Its configuration and technical requirements do not allow obtaining the corresponding homologations to be considered in this way because they are not included in the field of application of the harmonized regulations, at European level, in this matter or RD 750/2010, of June 4, which regulates the procedures for homologation of motor vehicles and their trailers.

SECOND- Applicable regulations

In accordance with the provisions set forth above, VMPs may be physically located within the scope of the road, provided that they are expressly authorised by the local authority. The municipal authority, however, may authorise their movement on pavements, pedestrian areas, parks or special lanes with prohibitions and limitations that it deems necessary (related to mass, speed and service to which it is intended) to ensure the safety of users. When they are assimilated to cycles and bicycles, the provisions in the legislation of traffic, road safety and circulation of motor vehicles will be applicable. In particular, the use of the VMP must be done in accordance with the rules of the road legal system.

THIRD- Permission or licence of movement and driving

As previously described, the VMPs are not motor vehicles and therefore do not require administrative authorisation to operate. Consequently, and until it is definitively regulated, the user cannot be required to hold a licence or driving permit. The foregoing without prejudice to the technical or other requirements that the local authority determines to authorise the use of VMPs in the areas under its jurisdiction.

FOURTH - Insurance

The compulsory requirement for insurance of vehicles only takes place when they are considered as motor vehicles. This is stipulated by Royal Decree 1507/2008, of September 12, which in its 1st article indicates what is considered to be a motor vehicle, and therefore, must be subject to mandatory insurance.

"Article 1. Motor vehicles

 	Motor vehicles are considered, for the purposes of civil liability in the movement of motor vehicles and the obligation of insurance, all vehicles suitable for moving on the surface of the earth and driven by a motor, including mopeds, special vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers, whose mobility requires administrative authorisation in accordance with the provisions of the legislation on traffic, motor vehicle traffic and road safety. The trailers, semi-trailers and special towed machines whose maximum authorised mass does not exceed 750 kilograms are excepted from the obligation of insurance, as well as those vehicles that have been temporarily or permanently discharged from the Vehicle Registry of the General Directorate of Traffic... "

Notwithstanding the above, the user or owner of the VMP may voluntarily purchase insurance under the terms established in the general insurance legislation or shall hire it, in cases where, for its use in urban areas, the local authority shall establish.

FIFTH - Express authorisation for certain VMPs and cycles of more than two wheels

The VMP and cycles of more than two wheels that are destined to realise economic activities of a tourist type or of leisure must obtain an authorisation from the Municipal Authority in which it will appear, in any case, the route to realise, schedule and how many limitations are established to ensure the safety of road users. The Municipal Authority will collect the binding reports it deems appropriate.

SIXTH - Entry into force

This Instruction comes into force on the day following its publication.

Madrid, November 03, 2016

EL DIRECTOR GENERAL DE TRÁFICO P.V. (ART.10.2.A) R.D. 400/2012, 17 de febrero EL SECRETARIO GENERAL,

Cristóbal Cremades Rodríguez



One point we can extract from the information and subsequent implementation is that there are two different types of mobility scooter, both of which may be used on the road.

A small mobility scooter which does NOT have lights installed can only be used between sunrise and sunset and during conditions of good visibility.

The larger mobility scooters, which do have lights fitted, may be used at night and during periods of poor visibility.

The other point we must note is that in areas controlled by local authorities it is them who must determine whether or not the scooters are allowed on pedestrian areas, and so each town hall may have different rules for different locations. It is therefore important that you check with the local authority.

You can read the entire instruction, in Spanish, in the window below. Hover over the page and use the NEXT button to move to the next page. To download the instruction yourself, right click this line and choose "Save file as...", or "Save to local computer", or the equivalent on your browser.

[pdf-embedder url="https://n332.es/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/Instr_16_V_124_Vehiculos_Movilidad_Personal.pdf"]

### One Way Streets for Pedestrians

In an attempt to reduce congestion and improve the ease of movement, Madrid has been testing a new one way system, for pedestrians.



The route is around one of the busiest areas in the city, the Puerta del Sol, which is a magnet for shoppers and tourists wanting to view the Christmas lights, the tree and the area where the New Year will be celebrated.



Both the police and security officers are used to direct pedestrians in the right direction, so as they only move in one way, and avoid collisions.

Friday was the first day of the test which reportedly passed without incident, with just a small number of people protesting. Some traders however were less than happy with the plan, and in particular the lack of signs which tell pedestrians which way they should go.

The municipal authority have said that pedestrians who move the wrong way will not be fined, and signs will be installed on the streets to advise pedestrians of the direction of travel.

The controls will be put in place at weekends, fiestas and busy afternoons.

### Pets Deserve Security Too!

According to the latest statistics released by insurance company experts, 1 out of 4 drivers have been distracted by their pet whilst driving. The report also reveals that males in the most dangerous group, those between the ages of 18 and 24, suffer most from these distractions.



Moreover, the research also shows that up to 32% of those who travel with a pet leave in the vehicle do so without restraining the animal, leaving it loose inside the cabin, a situation which is not only extremely dangerous, it is also illegal, on account of the risk to both the animal and the other vehicle occupants.

That said, when questioned further, the research shows that only 4% admit to carrying the animal insecure at all times, whilst the remaining 28% suggest that they only do so “occasionally”, although generally speaking it is only “occasionally” that animals are carried. As for sexes, men carry their pets more often; specifically, 23% more than women.

The figures are even more important if we take into account that more than half of these drivers, specifically 59.4%, also have children. The combination of a child and loose animal in the rear seats could increase the risk of being careless while driving and, therefore, of being immersed in an incident.

Regarding those who travel the most with their companion animal, the analysis shows differences by geographic zones. In particular, it is the Andalusians who do it more frequently, 74% of the time. They are followed by Basques and Madrileños, with 73%. On the opposite side we find the pet owners of Galicia and Castilla y León, who only take them with them 51% of the time. The Catalans claim to do so on 55% of their trips.

Animals, like humans and any object carried in the vehicle, must be secured. If a frontal collision occurs, deceleration causes the weight of the item, in the case we are talking about our pet, to multiply by 20 to 30 times. For example, in a frontal collision where two vehicles are travelling at just 30 kilometres per hour, the combined collision speed therefore being the equivalent of about a 60 kilometre per hour collision, a dog weighing 10 kilos would increase its mass and weigh up to as much as 300 kilos at the point of impact, causing significant damage to the vehicle, its occupants and the dog itself.

We must also realise that generally speaking, insurance companies do not consider animals as vehicle occupants, according to Carlo Brüggeman, co-founder of Acierto. Com, and would therefor unlikely be covered by the vehicle´s policy, although there are specific policies to cover the expenses of the veterinarian and even include compensation for accident or death.

The report also reveals that more than 85% of Spaniards prefer to use the car to travel with their pet compared to other means of transport such as train or plane, whose followers are reduced to 11.4% and 3% respectively. A point in which the ignorance of the users and the restrictions of the transport companies themselves take on special relevance. In fact, train operating company Renfe itself circumscribes its service to pets weighing less than 10 kilos. In the case of long distance trains, in addition, it is necessary to buy a ticket for them. The limitations established by airlines are similar, although they vary enormously depending on the entity. However, obtaining documents and permits in accordance with the legislation of the country of destination may determine the trip.

Overall, the advice is simple. To keep everybody safe, including your pet, and to comply with the law, the animal must be secure at all times. If carried in a cage or carrying case, then that too must also be secure.

### Motorbike Focus Ahead

With an apparent alarming growth in the number of serious and fatal incidents involving motorbikes, which is greater than the growth in the number of vehicles being sold, the Director General of the DGT, Gregorio Serrano, has announced several measures that will help improve the safety of motorcyclists.



Among them, the implementation of an 'INVIVE' plan for motorcycles in collaboration with the different owners of the roads, to identify those sections of the road network with high incident rate, where special measures to reduce incidents could be adopted.

In addition, the plan will involve the installation of new complementary information signs on some roads which will provide more information of dangers along the route for motorcyclists.

Serrano also announced the continuation of the progressive implementation of the emergency call system ('eCall') in motorcycles and the connectivity between vehicles and the road, with the imminent start-up of the platform DGT 3.0, which will also benefit motorcyclists.

During the conference where these plans were announced, participants highlighted the importance of making progress in road safety education, driver training and awareness. With this objective, the DGT and ANESDOR will collaborate in a plan for the training of motorcyclists.

ANESDOR has highlighted how the technological advances in motorcycle manufacturing have accelerated over the last two decades, and so the importance of renewing the fleet on the roads is crucial in order to take advantage of these developments not available in older vehicles. On average, the motorcycle fleet on the road is 15 years, and so far older than those motorbikes with the latest technology installed.

In addition, to improve the training of motorcyclists, ANESDOR proposes granting quality certificates to training centres, incentives for conducting driving courses (obtaining driving licence points for example) and has designed the 'Viva la Moto' initiative, to reduce the number of incidents where motorcyclists have been involved.

On the other hand, the DGT themselves have been monitoring statistics of motorcycle related incidents since 2012, where 46% of incidents occurred without the intervention of any other vehicle.

The DGT also concurs that the progressive aging of the vehicle fleet in the last decade is a factor for consideration, however, more worrying is the data regarding the consumption of substances among deceased motorcyclists: 26% of all motorcyclists killed in incidents in 2016 would have tested positive for alcohol, and 17% for drugs.

During the conclusions, patron of the Pons Foundation and former director of the DGT, Pere Navarro, said that “the bike is not a problem but a reality that must be managed” and has predicted that “2017 will be the first year in the that the number of vulnerable road users (pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists) who are victims of traffic accidents will be greater than that of the users of the four wheels”.

 

Motorcycles: 10 Measures for Greater Security

Fundación Pons and ANESDOR have developed a decalogue of proposals to increase the safety of two-wheel drivers and all users of the road.

 	Resources. In 2016, motorcycles account for 15.2% of the total number of vehicles, but fatalities have grown to 22%. It is recommended that the agencies involved in road safety dedicate a proportion of attention and resources equivalent to the representativeness of this percentage of its victims.
 	Strategic Road Safety Plan. It is recommended that, 10 years after its approval, the plan be revised and updated to adapt it to the new circumstances. In addition, we would recommend including an Urban Road Safety Plan, which facilitates practical application at the municipal level.
 	Regulation of the motorcycle. The development of a Vulnerable Users Law is recommended. It is also recommended that, in the agencies responsible for road safety, both on the road and in the city, an official be appointed, who is a motorcycle user, as a reference in the field of motorcycle travel and in permanent contact with associations of motorcyclists.
 	Extension of "zones 30". The promotion of traffic calming policies or "zonas 30" is recommended because of its significant impact on the safety of motorcyclists, which means acting on speed and improving coexistence with other modes of travel.
 	Parking on public roads. It is recommended to organise and increase the availability of parking spaces for motorcycles on public roads in our cities, establishing objective criteria to ensure that a proportion of the available area equivalent to the quota of the vehicle fleet.
 	Training The majority of incidents are triggered by a human error (88%), either directly from the motorcyclist themselves (35%) or from another vehicle that collides with them (65%), many of which the motorcyclist´s actions may be a contributing factor, over speed for example. It is recommended that there be a comprehensive review of the training in the school year and post-permit, along with the revision of the driving licence system
 	Awareness, road safety education and coexistence. It is recommended to increase road safety campaigns, informing of the specific risks suffered by moped drivers and motorcycles in the city due to the actions of other users and their vulnerability in the event of an incident.
 	Safe driving courses. It is recommended the development of a quality certificate through which the Administration accredits the rigor of the schools and the quality of the training courses; accompanied by incentive measures for the user.
 	Professional drivers. The road safety of the motorcycle must be included in the occupational risk prevention plans. It is recommended to manage before the State Foundation for Employment Training the inclusion in its catalogue of continuous training subsidised by the corresponding offer of training and training for motorcycle delivery workers.
 	Equipment. It is recommended to open the debate with the associations of motorcyclists on the possible obligation of the use of gloves, and to transfer the message of the importance of the suitable equipment to minimise the injuries in case of an incident.

### Drink and Drug Message Still Not Hitting Home

The latest data released by the DGT has revealed that 43% of the drivers who died in traffic related incidents in the last year, on urban and interurban roads, tested positive for alcohol, drugs or both.



The report by the National Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF) indicates that the figures show almost identical levels as those of 2015, a trend which has stabilised and therefore not shown either an increase, or decline, since 2013.

Of the 589 samples analyzed, there is a significant indication in the differences between men and women, in that a staggering 95% of those who died with alcohol and / or drugs in their system were men. The myth that alcohol and drug use is more prolific in the younger age group has once again been dismissed as 67% of those who died were between 25 and 54 years of age, with a predominance of the group of 45 to 54 year olds, in which 25% of the cases are recorded.

When analyzing substances, about 69% had taken alcohol, while the presence of drugs reached 36% and that of psychotropic drugs 21%.

As for drug use, cocaine and cannabis are the most frequently found in 48% of tests. In case of having detected the presence of a single drug instead of an association of them, cannabis prevails.

The report also includes a study conducted on the total of 167 pedestrians who died as a result of a traffic related incident. In this case, 32% of those killed had consumed some form of substance. Also males (72%) who tested positive in these tests for alcohol, other drugs and / or psychotropic drugs far outnumbered women.

### Safety on the School Bus

Every day, 230,000 students use buses to go to and from school, and with around 17,000 buses (some 40% of the entire private fleet) used as dedicated transport vehicles on the school run.

Generally speaking, using a bus for school transport is a safe means of travel. Last year there were no fatalities among users of this type of vehicle, but due to the vulnerability of the passengers and the roads through which they drive, mostly conventional roads, regular focus to maintain these levels of security is required.

According to Gregorio Serrano, the Director General of the DGT, "this type of transport is vulnerable to accidents because of the importance they have and the age of those affected, and requires greater security than other means of transport in order to maintain the current level of safety, and so we continue to develop campaigns of awareness that keep users, drivers, parents and schools alert."

For this reason, and because the safe mobility of minors is one of the priorities of the DGT as it is included in the basic lines of the Road Safety Strategy 2010-2020, an awareness campaign is running all this week to monitor this type of vehicle.

Officers from the Guardia Civil, assisted by colleagues from the local and regional police, will carry out inspections consisting of administrative controls to check the authorisations and documents that these vehicles must have for the correct provision of the service.



They will then verify that the technical conditions and safety elements of the vehicle, which are much more stringent than normal operations, as are the special requirements that must be met by the driver, such as driving licences, driving times and rest periods.

In addition, they will check that drivers drive at the speed allowed, which is slower than normal, and that they do not use a mobile phone or other devices that cause distractions since both factors, inappropriate speed and distractions, are the main causes of incidents in which this type of vehicle is involved. In addition, alcohol and drug controls will also increase.

Due to the importance of the seatbelt, special attention will be paid to their use in school buses that have them installed. Currently more than 60% of this type of vehicle have seatbelts.

According to several studies, the use of a seatbelt whilst in a bus would reduce fatal injuries by 90% in the event of a head-on collision or rollover, since, correctly fastened, they prevent the passenger being projected from their seat and reduces impacts on the chest, abdomen and legs.

Since October 2007, it has not been possible for new vehicles without seatbelts to be registered, although that still leaves 40%of the fleet without seatbelts and over 10 years old.

 

STATISTICS

In 2016, school buses were involved in 32 incident, (20 on interurban roads and 12 in urban ones), in which no one died but 17 occupants were injured.

According to a study prepared by the Traffic Association of the Guardia Civil, the majority of incidents occur on conventional roads (last year 65% occurred in this class of roads), with the most frequent type of incident being frontal-lateral collision, and distraction and inappropriate speed appear as more frequent concurrent factors.

EDUCATING IN THE SCHOOL BUS

Trips from home to school can be good times for the adult accompanying children to remind them of some messages about road safety, such as:

· Never stop behind the bus.
· Wait for the driver's signal and always cross at least three metres ahead.
· Inside the bus, stay seated and with the seatbelt on, if it is installed.
· Do not run when you get to the bus, or when leaving.
· Obey the driver and the monitor.

In addition, parents should check the safety of the buses in which their children are traveling, request the centre to hire buses with seatbelts and check that a monitor accompanies the children during the journey.

OTHER HEALTHIER WAYS TO GO TO SCHOOL

In addition to the school bus there are other means of transport in which the students move to go to school: private car, public transport, bicycle or simply walking.

With the intention of promoting sustainable mobility from an early age, the DGT, in collaboration with the Federation of Municipalities and Provinces, is encouraging safe school roads , which favour and stimulate travel on foot, by bike or public transport in the first leg and back to school.

Currently there are more than 100 municipalities in 35 provinces and approximately 300 schools that are working or already have safe school roads.

### Changes to the ITV System

The ITV inspection is a mandatory requirement for ensuring the minimum safety standard for vehicles is maintained, so as to ensure the minimum conditions of safety and respect for the environment on the road.



However, from October of 2017, a number of changes were implemented by the government, some of which are of benefit to the motorist, aimed at making things easier for them.

Retest at another ITV station

In the event that the result of the test is unfavourable, it is now possible to have the retest carried out at another ITV station than where the first test was conducted, once the faults and failings have been rectified.

Early renewal without affecting the date

Another development which favours vehicle owners is that you can now submit your vehicle for a test in advance, without it affecting the date of the renewal. Specifically, you can now submit your vehicle for testing up to a month before the expiration date and, upon successfully passing the test, the renewal will still be valid from when your current certificate expires.

More comprehensive emission controls

Now, the monitoring and control of emissions will be much more exhaustive, so as to avoid recent problems where potential and actual fraud has been detected, some by the vehicle manufacturing sector of course. ITC stations will have more means, equipment and procedures that will allow them to contribute to the protection of the environment and ensure greater road safety. In fact, sources of the Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness have indicated that these new means are “a first step towards the inspection of electronic security systems and the improvement of emission control.”

Recognition of certificates between EU countries

With the new regulations, it will be possible to recognize ITV certificates  issued by other member states of the  European Union, so if we buy a car in France, Italy or Germany, for example, we will not have to submit the vehicle for immediate inspection here in Spain in certain circumstances.

### Course Helps Officers Deal with Foreign Vehicles

Around 30 members of the security services have been attending a course in Guardamar, aimed at providing training in how to identify administrative and practical irregularities relating to foreign registered vehicles driving on the roads of Spain.



The three-day course was inaugurated by Guardamar´s mayor, José Luis Sáez, on Monday with officers from the Guardia Civil, National and Local Police coming together to learn how to identify and subsequently deal with identified issues.

The Mayor thanked the attendees for their interest shown in attending the course, where the officers from across this region and Murcia will work with more than a hundred foreign registrations, from EU and non-EU countries, as well as hundreds of documents, most of them fake, to enable them to recognise documentation, especially forged ones.

### Blue Lights in 2018

Having followed the process from the beginning, we are now able to report that the mandatory referendum on all emergency services to display flashing blue lights has received unanimous positive support through the legislative process.



As the process will now continue to proceed and, if all still goes to plan, blue lights (Rotativos azules to give them their Spanish name) will enter into service on ambulances and fire tenders from March, 2018.

Traditionally, only the security services such as the Guardia Civil and police would use blue lights when operating as priority vehicles, with ambulances, fire and other priority vehicles using orange lights, the same as slow moving or special vehicles, which some drivers found confusing.

This is not the first time this move has been announced. The change had already been approved by previous congressional committees, in 2006, 2010 and 2011, but had not been previously implemented. More recently, in 2016, the Spanish Government voted 37 votes in favour, with 2 abstentions. Spain was the only European country which had not adopted the standard.

### Be Seen!

The Instituto Nacional de Seguridad e Higiene en el Trabajo (INSHT), the Spanish national health and safety at work institute, collaborating with Invassat, has launched a pilot campaign under the slogan “Hazte visible”, which translates to “Become visible”, or simply “Be seen”, with the aim of preventing accidents at work amongst home delivery drivers.



In recent years, businesses that are related to food and food delivery are booming and the enormous development of the Internet contributes to this: ordering food at home, booking restaurants through applications, etc., all of which are increasingly common activities. In 2015, the year for which the latest data is available from INSHT, 1,565 motorcyclists from the "Food and Beverage Services" sector, had a traffic incident whilst making their deliveries. Of those, 83 were hospitalised due to the seriousness of their injuries and one died. Of the total number of those injured, 61% were under 26 years old.

The activity of food and beverage services has a high incident rate during the working day, occupying the third place in index of incidence. In addition, in the last four years there has been an increase of 36.2% in this incidence rate.

Primarily, the aim of the campaign is two-fold, firstly to remind road users of the importance of checking their “blind spots” before moving off or altering speed, course or direction, and secondly to make more vulnerable road users more visible, such as moped or motorbike riders, as well as larger vehicle drivers when they leave their vehicles.

Always check fully around your vehicle, including over your shoulder, before performing any move. You never know who or what could be in your blind spot until you check.

### High Visibility Policing

With a 5 million euro price tag, the Guardia Civil has taken delivery of 300 new motorbikes which will carry more equipment in the battle for safer roads than ever before.



These new motorcycles will be equipped with both the portable speed detecting equipment we have already featured, and the new portable alcohol and drug testing kits.

This new equipment will allow officers to set up checkpoints at a moment’s notice and in more locations than ever before, particularly useful in combating reports of their location through social media, which can also be monitored and those responsible dealt with.

The new motorbikes also have another new feature, in that they will be more visible than ever before, thanks to the new high visibility colour scheme the motorbikes will adopt. It’s not only the bikes that will be more visible however, the officers themselves will be too, with new high visibility helmets replacing the standard white models.



The extra highly visible markings not only serve as additional protectors for the officers, but also increases their visibility on the roads which is hoped will be a deterrent to drivers who may consider breaking the law, especially those which revolve around the highest contributing factors to fatal and serious incidents.





The colour scheme has been developed through a series of trials and will also be accompanied by a similar scheme on other traffic vehicles in the future. It will take some time for the entire fleet to be replaced but these new vehicles will start to take to the streets almost immediately, whist the portable kits can also be carried on many of the bikes already in service and will be operational soon too. During 2018 all motorbike patrols will be carrying the portable equipment.

### Dogs Killed by Drunk Driver

Two dogs were killed on Sunday when a drunk driver lost control and crashed into other vehicles in the Elche municipality.



The vehicle lost control and collided with another car, shunting that vehicle into others, the end result being six people being injured and two dogs being killed.

The driver was arrested on suspicion of crimes against road safety and driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

### N332 RoadWatch – Issue 10

Welcome to the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch eMagazine.

You can read the eMagazine FOR FREE at the end of this introduction, or you can click the button here to purchase and download your own PDF version.


Buy Now


We have had a busy couple of months, with the N332 team visiting various local associations and groups as part of our Road Safety Tour, with a couple still to do before the end of the year until we take a break from touring until the spring.

You can read more about where we have been inside, but if you are a member of a social club, association, neighbourhood, group, anybody who can muster around 50 or more interested people together, then we are able to visit you and give a presentation to your group. If you don´t have so many members, perhaps you can talk to other local groups, or contact us anyway and we may be able to put you in touch.

Thanks to the support of our sponsors, in this case Salus Health Insurance and SC Innova, and the technical support from Securitas Direct, we have been able to visit locations outside our usual catchment area. So, if you have been in touch previously, but we were unable to attend as you were too far away, we might now be in a better position to attend.

In other words, wherever you are, and irrespective of whether we have visited you previously or not, if you would like us to visit you during our 2018 schedule then get in touch by emailing news@n332.es and we can start to make arrangements now.

We also have a new collaboration with the Quiron Hospital network. You can read more about that in the next edition but we hope to hold a series of talks in their hospital facilities in Torrevieja in the New Year, which will be free for any individual or group to attend and booked through us direct. As I say, we will give you more information next time, and through the website.

Finally, before I let you read on, yet another collaboration is with the La Siesta Clinic in Torrevieja, where they will be offering you some great services such as licence renewal reminders, for free, and a complete renewal service. There will also be more information about that soon, but we hope you can see that we are working hard to get collaborations with more recognised and trusted partners to try to expand our network of services to you even further.

That´s enough for now. Until the next time, stay safe.

### Today is the World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims

Every year, on the third Sunday in November, we recognise the World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims, on which day countries around the globe, through institutions and groups involved in road safety, pay tribute to people who have lost their lives on the roads, and the families, relatives and friends left to deal with the aftermath.



The World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims was first celebrated nationally by RoadPeace in 1993. Since then it has been observed and promoted worldwide by several non-governmental organization (NGOs), including RoadPeace, the Association for Safe International Road Travel (ASIRT) and the European Federation of Road Traffic Victims (FEVR) and its associated organizations.

In recognition of the enormous strength that NGOs possess as advocates for road safety, WHO hosted a meeting of 12 such groups in September 2003. The meeting led to the creation of an informal network of agencies that advocates for road safety, and the identification of areas for joint activities. ASIRT, FEVR and RoadPeace were invited to be members of the UN Road Safety Collaboration. They, together with other NGOs in the informal network, lobbied through the Collaboration for a day to be dedicated to victims and their families. This led to the recognition by the United Nations General Assembly of the third Sunday in November every year as a World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims "as the appropriate acknowledgment for victims of road traffic crashes and their families".

WHO, FEVR and RoadPeace have jointly developed a book, World Day of Remembrance for Road Traffic Victims: a guide for organizers, to provide practical guidance to people or groups on how to plan and organize events on this day. The book gives a brief history of the day and provides examples of specific activities. All those concerned with road traffic crashes and their consequences are encouraged to use this guide to organize annual events in different parts of the world to ensure that the advocacy opportunity of this day is fully realized.

You can get more information from WHO by clicking here.

### Three Thousand Euro Fine for Painting Yellow Lines

Local Police in the Murcia town of Bullas have fined a neighbour 3,000 euro for painting his own yellow lines outside his garage to prevent other road users from parking.

Picture credit: E. BOTELLA / La Verdad

The resident claims that he has been doing this “for decades” and never before been fined, and will be basing part of his appeal on that fact.

In an interview in La Verdad newspaper, the neighbour explains that his truck is his only source of income, as he uses it to “take swimming pool covers to France and my wife takes turns with me as a driver. I do not earn 3,000 euro a month.”

The fine states that the painting of the lines is an infraction of the Reglamento General de Circulación, “installing, removing, transferring, hiding or modifying road signs without permission and without just cause”, observing the “Installation of a yellow road marking without authorization.”

As part of his defence the man claims that the fine has been raised by an officer who has a grudge against him, after an argument over illegal parking where the man had parked his vehicle in a prohibited area “where everybody parks” and the officer tried to stop him parking there. Plus, according to the neighbour, who has hired a lawyer to defend him, the police have no proof he actually painted the yellow line.

Fine aside, the simplest solution to the problem would be to do what so many other neighbours in the town have done and request permission for the yellow lines through the standard “vado” system, whereas the town hall would assess the location and, if need safe, not only paint the lines for him they would issue a no parking sign which would be enforceable by the police, preventing anybody from parking at the access and egress point.

The “vado” system is designed specifically for this and, in exchange for a very small fee, would have prevented the situation and subsequent fine. More information and application forms are available at your local town hall.

### Officers Surprised by Thirsty Cyclist

Officers from the Guardia Civil were surprised when they stopped a 31-year-old cyclist in the Villaviciosa area, carrying an unusual load on his bicycle.

A number of concerned people had alerted the officers to the man riding dangerously on the road. The cyclist was observed cycling along the main section of the road, rather than the hard shoulder where he should have been, and was seen to be swerving as he approached.

The officers found that the man had two bottles of wine affixed to his cycle, which the man freely admitted was in order to quench his thirst on his long ride.



The officers were less surprise that an alcohol test proved positive, with a reading of 0.51 and 0.48 mg / l, in expired air in the double test, where the allowed limit is 0.25. The man was subsequently reported for exceeding the allowed alcohol rate to ride a bike on a public road.

Once again, it is important to note that a cyclist is classed as a vehicle when on the road and therefore the rider is governed by the same laws as drivers of other vehicles, such as a car, and you are not allowed to ride a bicycle having consumed excessive alcohol.

### Another 50 Traffic Eyes Watching Over Us

This week, another 50 Traffic Eye camera have entered into service, watching over the road network.



The cameras have been under test for a short time to ensure they are calibrated correctly and that they work, during which time drivers who were caught received a warning letter advising them of the infraction committed, but not issuing fines. From this week, the cameras are live and are issuing fines to drivers snapped by the system.

Traffic Eye from Tradesegur, is one of a new breed of cameras, which were promised by the DGT as part of a campaign to keep the roads safer.

TrafficEye and its cousin MultiRadar C, offer the most advanced technologies that are currently available for monitoring traffic, which not only check and report speeding motorists, but also other safety critical traffic violations such as not wearing a seatbelt, children and animals not properly restrained, using a mobile phone or electrical device whilst driving, and checking with the established databases to see if your vehicle is correctly insured.

Prior to these devices, only Pegasus equipped helicopters could monitor the roads so closely. Now, thanks to TrafficEye, the roads can be monitored around the clock because these devices also work at night.

### Torrevieja N-332 Widening a Reality by 2020

The plan for finally widening the N-332 main road has taken another step forward this week, with hope that the project will be completed by 2020.



The Official State Gazette (BOE) was published on Wednesday, announcing the tender for the drafting of the project for the design and execution of the road widening scheme. Within the tender document is a requirement for the project to be delivered within 18 months, and with the 40 million euro budget allocation.

After approving the project, the contest to award the works must be opened within two years. The Ministry confirms that the planned investment in the execution will be 40 million euro and that all the procedures must prepare to “accumulate the delay generated by the rejection of the Generalitat at the time of writing the project”. What that means is that so long as the project is not paralysed by such things as the environmental impact study and, if all goes well, the contracting and execution of the widening could be a reality, with an optimistic calculation, in the first half of 2020.

Having been overdue by more than a decade, and the subject of political point scoring over actual action, the N-332 as it passes through Torrevieja is the scene of frequent traffic jams, holdups and incidents, far exceeding the amount of traffic that a road of the current state should normally carry, exceeding 50,000 vehicles per day at peak season times.

As well as widening the N-332 itself, the plan will also include improvements to the roads which lead to it so that these roads also fall within the technical requirements for road planning.

### New Radars For Motorbikes Coming Soon

The DGT has announced that they have just spent 860,130 euro on portable speed detecting equipment which can be transported on the motorbikes of the Guardia Civil.



The plan to buy the equipment had already been announced some time ago, but the budget has now been allocated which has allowed the purchase of about 60 devices which will allow more speed control check points to be set up and with greater ease for the officers.



Although the information has often been misreported as the motorbikes having radar equipment installed, these devices are used by the roadside, standing on a tripod, in much the same way as some of the existing equipment, although these are small enough to be carried in the panniers of the motorbikes.

The investment was first proposed last year, based on the fact that during 2016, 300 people were killed in incidents where inappropriate speed was a factor. Budget restrictions prevented the purchase previously but now the money has been set aside and the order made, and so delivery, training and implementation of these new devices is expected to happen as soon as possible.



This is part of the overall road safety plan that will see an increase in drug controls by 50% before 2018, and for all motorbikes to carry these new speed detectors as part of their safety arsenal.

### Successful Campaign Takes Dangerous Truckers Off the Roads

During a 24 hour campaign, traffic officers from the Guardia Civil in Murcia detected 19 professional drivers who tested positive for drugs (6 for Cocaine, 12 for cannabis and 1 for both).



During the operation, which took place on the 2nd of November, officers checked the drivers of a total of 235 trucks, with the alarming statistic that 8% were positive for drugs.



All of these drivers face the consequences of their actions and a loss of livelihood, although that is a far better outcome than the potential loss of life that could have been caused by one of these vehicles being involved in a collision, a situation which could be considerably worse when we realise that one of the drivers who were taken off the roads was driving an articulated lorry loaded with propane.

### Emergency Simulation at Alicante-Elche Airport This Week

Confirmed information has now been released concerning this week’s aircraft crash simulation which will take place around Alicante-Elche airport on Thursday.



The Security and Emergency Response Agency will be coordinating the event on November 9th, which can also be followed on social media with the hashtag #GranSimulacre2017.

The operation will simulate a commercial aircraft accident with multiple victims outside Alicante-Elche airport, with an area of ​​intervention of 8 km around the incident scene.

In the scenario, the aircraft suffers a serious technical problem that makes it lose height abruptly. In the attempt to land, it crashes onto a street on the “Elche Parque Empresarial” industrial park, about 4 km from the airport, destroying several vehicles and coming to rest in one of the industrial buildings where several occupants were working and have become trapped. The spilled fuel catches fire and as collateral damage there is a limited forest fire.



In the crash, the aircraft split in two parts: the tail, with a large number of injured passengers, and the cabin area, with the majority of fatalities.

The General Director of the Valencian Agency for Security and Response to Emergencies, José María Ángel, stressed that this is a very complex exercise because “a large number of organisations from different administrations are involved, which are necessarily coordinated”.

In this sense, he added, “these activities are an opportunity to internalize the protocols that are not usually activate”, continuing, “we would not like to suffer an accident like this one of course, we have tried to contemplate most cases to assess the level of response”.



The activity, #GranSimulacre2017, will also involve the airport facilities, including the “family room”, where relatives will be collected and attended to.

The entire area around the airport will be affected by the incident, and so there will be numerous road closures and disruption to the normal daily operations on the road network, whilst the emergency services deal with the incident. There is not expected to be any disruption to flights, although passengers may be alarmed by the view of the scenario as they observe the activity.

The tourism offices across Alicante will be taken over as part of the scenario, becoming a central point for relatives to attend for information. This is standard practise for a major incident following an agreement with the tourism authority across the Valencia region. Help points will be set up at the tourist information offices at Alicante, Benidorm, Castellón, Denia, Valencia and Torrevieja.

The complexity of the simulation will require the participation of 444 personnel and 130 vehicles from 25 organisations from different administrations, the Generalitat, the Provincial Council, town halls, the General State Administration, private companies together with civil protection volunteers, NGOs and students.

A large number of resources will be mobilised, some extraordinary, which carry out searches, rescues, triage, health care, corpse surveys, traffic control and fire suppression.

The Plan on the Day

The operation will begin at 10:00 when preparations will be put in place.

At 11:30, the control tower at Alicante-Elche Airport will warn the 112 Emergency Coordination Centre of the disappearance of the aircraft from the radar screen and the appearance of a column of smoke a few kilometres away in the area where the aircraft went missing.

The Emergency Coordination Centre will notify the general director of the Valencian Agency for Security and Response to Emergencies, responsible for activating the Territorial Emergency Plan of the Valencian Community (CETPV).

At this point, Protocol Level 2 will be activated and an Advanced Command Post (PMA) will be set up for the coordination of information management, communications, and emergency protocols with multiple victims and contact areas for relatives will be implemented.

The airport will activate the self-protection plan and the external emergency plan. The affected municipalities, Alicante and Elche, will also activate their municipal territorial plans.

### Alcohol Limits and Penalties

It is often not realised that the maximum permitted alcohol limit in Spain is considerably lower than many other European countries, including the UK.



It is also worth noting that these limits are precisely that, a maximum that is permitted. Alcohol affects people differently and the only real safe limit is zero.

That said, in Spain the maximum legally permitted alcohol limit is in general 0.25 mg/l (or 0.15 mg/l if you are a learner driver / professional drivers). If the amount of alcohol exceeds this limit, the driver will be heavily fined and lose several points from their licence.



In the event such amount of the breathalyzer exceeds 0.60 mg/l, the driver becomes subject to a criminal proceeding and will be arrested.

The Fines

Professional / novice drivers -
0,15-0,30mg/l - 500€ +4 points, from 0,30mg/l - 1000€+6 points

Other drivers -
0,25-0,50mg/l - 500€ + 4 points, from 0,50mg/l - 1000€+6 points

A blood test is only available when you have finished the alcohol test and you disagree with the result.

Refusal to co-operate is also considered a criminal offence.

### Meet Floki

The Guardia Civil in Alicante has been joined by a new member, aged just 3, but with double the number of legs of the usual officer recruits.

Meet Floki, a mixed German and Belgian Shepherd, who has begun patrolling the area accompanied by a human handler, Antonio.



Floki is one of the many dogs born and raised in El Pardo, the Guardia Civil´s own facilities. From the moment of his birth, Floki´s destiny was already mapped out, to serve as an agent of the Guardia Civil, assuming the young pup worked hard and managed to pass the selection tests of course.

Although there are many roles that dogs like Floki fulfil within the corps, Floki´s main role will be in detection, with specialist training in methods for sniffing out money.



Covering both the Valencia and Murcia regions, and capable of moving to other areas across the country, Floki will be based at Alicante-Elche airport.

Among his daily services, Floki will be called on to search homes and businesses where crime is suspected of having been committed, common requests being for cases of money laundering, for example.



When not involved in crime detection, Floki will be on duty at border points, including Alicante-Elche airport, checking travellers who may be carrying larger amounts of cash than permitted, or other items.

As well as active duties, Floki has a daily routine of exercises, including games where money detection is also part of the play.

No doubt, at some point, Floki will also meet with his 4-legged companions in the Alicante province, which is protected by another 4 dogs who detect drugs, 4 who search for explosives and 1 specialising in tobacco.

### ITV Sticker Colours and Placement

The stickers used to indicate the validity of the ITV inspection, the Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, are colour coded on a three-colour cycle of green, yellow and red.



So long as the vehicle is displaying only one sticker in the required place, the upper right hand side of the windscreen as you look out, traffic and police officers carrying out roadside checks can have a clear idea instantly, from afar, if the vehicle is displaying a valid sticker.

Known as the V-19, “DISTINTIVO DE INSPECCIÓN TÉCNICA PERIÓDICA DEL VEHÍCULO”, the sticker indicates that the vehicle has favourably passed the periodic technical inspection and the date when the next inspection is due.

The sticker is self-adhesive, designed to stick on the glass of the windscreen, but where a vehicle doesn’t have a windscreen, it must be placed in a clearly visible place.



As well as the sticker, the ITV report is one of the mandatory documents which must be carried in the vehicle. In the event of the technician requiring repairs to be carried out, they must have been completed within the time indicated.

Remember, you must only display a single ITV sticker, not collecting them every year, only the one which indicates that the current inspection is valid.

### Torrevieja N-332 Widening Plan Confirmed by Central Government

The submission of plans to widen the N-332 main road as it passes Torrevieja has been confirmed by the Spanish government in a meeting with the regional deputies, thus taking the plans a step closer to reality.



The confirmation came this week following a question raised by a member of the Compromis political group to the Minister of Development Iñigo de la Serna, who officially announced the start of the drafting of the project of the duplication of the N-332 as it passes through Torrevieja.

At the same time, the minister confirmed the widening of the access road to Alicante-Elche airport, and other projects through the Alicante province.

Despite many failings for over a decade, and although it will still take some time to be completed, every process stage takes Torrevieja a step further to being relieved of the usual traffic chaos at peak times when the road network is incapable of dealing with the volume of traffic that passes through.

### Focus on Conventional Roads this Week

All this week, the Guardia Civil traffic department will be leading a focus campaign monitoring conventional roads for traffic infractions and dangerous activities, in an attempt to raise awareness of the fact that 7 out of every 10 traffic related deaths occur on this type of road.



The campaign will run until Sunday the 29th of October, and will be supported through social media by the hashtag #campañacontrol.

Seven out of ten deaths in 2016 in traffic related incidents occurred on interurban roads, particularly on roads that have only one lane in each direction, making them statistically the most dangerous.

For this reason, the DGT launched the campaign that will run until Sunday, with intense surveillance on these roads. According to Gregorio Serrano, the director of the DGT, "this type of intensive campaign has a main objective to draw attention to drivers of the peculiarities that have this type of roads have, including a greater number of points with reduced visibility, the limitation of a single lane to be shared by different road users (vehicles, motorcycles, cyclists, pedestrians ...) making driving on these roads significantly different from when driving on motorways or freeways".

Respect to traffic regulations

During the seven-day campaign, Guardia Civil officers will be supported by colleagues in local and regional police, paying close attention to speed limits, overtaking, driving under the influence of alcohol and / or drugs, the use of helmets, seatbelts and restraint systems, and that the vehicle and driver documentation is valid and present.

In addition to roadside surveillance, the watchful eyes of the DGT helicopters will also be taking to the air, including those equipped with Pegasus radar equipment.

You will be able to monitor the campaign through social media, including Twitter, Facebook, Youtube and Instagram, with practical help and advice throughout the week, including images, infographics and more.

Reasons for the Campaign

Some of the reasons that lead the DGT to carry out intensive periodic campaigns on conventional roads are that these roads are the location for the highest number of fatalities on the roads:
Of the 1,810 people killed in a traffic related incidents in 2016, 964 occurred on a conventional road (roads that have only one lane in each direction). To these 964 deaths, we must also add the 3,930 people who were injured and required hospital treatment.
Secondary roads are not considered as safe as those with central reservations as junctions and intersections are normally on the same route and traffic has to cross paths and intersect with the flow.
Of the more than 166,000 kilometers of interurban roads monitored by the Ministry of Development (2015), 149,000 correspond to conventional roads.
The death rate and the severely injured rate show a positive correlation with the age of the vehicle. In the event that the incident occurs on conventional roads, the vehicle age turns out to be a determining factor in the degree of harmfulness of victims.

### Witnesses Sought Following Orihuela Arson Attack

On Friday night, two vehicles belonging to officers from Orihuela´s Local Police were destroyed by fire in a suspected arson attack.



The cars were parked outside the Orihuela Costa town hall and were completely destroyed in the incident.



Police are asking for anybody who might have information about the incident, or anubody who saw anything suspicious in the area on Friday evening to come forward.



Information can be reported at the Local Police Station at the Playa Flamenca town hall, or at any law enforcement office locally.

### New Signs Can Warn of Cyclists Ahead

The DGT has installed the latest set of so-called intelligent road signs, this time being tested on the roads of La Rioja, aimed at trying to make the roads safer for cyclists.



Intelligent road signs are able to read the characteristics of the road and vehicles on it through means of sensors. On the N-332 passing through Torrevieja there are examples of signs which monitor for queues ahead, illuminating flashing lights to warn of the presence of danger ahead. Further north, there are signs which warn when vehicles are waiting or crossing traffic at junctions which would otherwise be blind to oncoming vehicles.

These latest signs are able to detect the presence of two-wheeled vehicles, whether solo or in groups, and illuminate the sign as a warning to other road users of the potential hazard ahead.



According to Jaime Moreno, the Deputy Director of Operations and Mobility of the DGT, “this measure is part of the Plan of Urgent Measures announced by the Minister of the Interior earlier this year to increase the prevention of accidents involving cyclists.”

At the moment, this pioneering system has been installed in several kilometres of the LR-111, LR-250, LR-254 and LR-255, where the visibility of the road is reduced, although Jaime Moreno states that “the idea is to extend this type of system to other roads where the influx of cyclists is important, so that the cyclists can move safer.”

However, it is important to remember that the placement of these signs is to offer additional protection to cyclists, and should not lead to complacency. Being constantly prepared for what´s ahead is a vital part of safer driving and proper observation is crucial, whether signs are in place or not.

### Almost 200 Valencian Criminal Drivers Caught in September

During the month of September, a total of 196 drivers were brought before the courts on criminal charges, the highest form of sanction available, for crimes against road safety.



Of those who faced court action, 60 were for driving without the required permission or licence, 135 for doing so under the influence of alcoholic beverages or drugs, and 1 for travelling at such a high speed it fell into the realms of the criminal process.

However, the total number of offences recorded which were severe enough to be classified as criminal has decreased by 10.50% in relation to those recorded in the same month last year.

By province, in Alicante, 20 drivers were brought to court for lacking a permit or licence, 58 for driving so much under the influence of alcohol it required court intervention, and 1 for speeding, having been clocked travelling at 178 kilometres per hour on a section of road where the maximum permitted limit was 80.

In Valencia, 34 drivers lacked permission or licence and 68 were driving under the effects of alcohol.

In Castellón, there were 6 drivers without a permit or licence and 9 severly under the influence of alcohol.

### Elche Mourns Four Members of the Same Family Killed in Murcia Pileup

Elche city council expressed their condolences to the relatives and friends of the family of four who were killed in Monday´s multi-vehicle crash in Murcia.



Killed in the crash was 56-year-old José Vicente Maciá Segarra, who was previously a footballer for such clubs as Torrellano CF, Almoradi, Santa Pola, Thader and Ilicitano. More recently he was a coach training many local youngsters in Elche CF and Torrellano CF.

The football clubs and their members extended their condolences, taking to social media to share their dismay at the tragedy.

Also killed in the crash, in the same vehicle, were his daughter Elena Maciá Belmonte, aged 14; his sister-in-law Josefa Belmonte Márque, 48; and his niece Laura Fabra Belmonte, aged 16. The wife of José Vicente Maciá was injured but survived the incident.

The fifth person killed in the crash was a resident of Murcia.

According to witnesses, there was queuing traffic on the road when the truck approached, at speed, unable to see the standing traffic ahead, colliding with the vehicles which resulted in 13 of them, two trucks, two vans and nine cars, being involved in the collision.

In addition to the five fatalities, a further ten people were treated

The driver of the truck involved in the crash, a Spanish national, was detained by the Guardia Civil and failed a drugs test, positive for cocaine. After spending the night in the cells, a judge has released the driver, “on probation, with an obligation to appear every two weeks”, and withdrawn his licence.

The courts are investigating the incident as a crime against road safety for driving under the influence of drugs, with the likely outcome being addition charges of a crime of reckless homicide and injuries.

### At Least 4 Killed in Murcia Motorway Pileup

At least four people were been killed in a multi-vehicle pileup on the A-7 motorway in Murcia on Monday.



The incident occurred at around 18:30 near the La Paz service station in Sangonera la Seca.



At least a dozen vehicles were involved, in which the four people were killed and others injured.



The emergency coordination centre immediately dispatched fire fighters, medics and the Guardia Civil to the scene, along with the local police who stressed the "seriousness" of the incident and warned other road users to find alternate routes, as the crash caused considerable delays whilst the rescue and subsequent clean-up operations took place.

### Uninsured Drunk Driver Smashes Patrol Car

A drunk driver, who was in an uninsured vehicle which had an expired ITV, smashed into a Local Police patrol car in Seville on Tuesday, resulting in the vehicle overturning.



The incident occurred just before 23:00 on Tuesday night at the exit of a roundabout on

on Tuesday night against a patrolman of the Local Police of Seville who was going to intervene in a traffic accident, as reported by the City in a press release.

Thus, it was shortly before 23.00 hours on Tuesday when this accident occurred at the exit of the Ronda del Tamarguillo roundabout at the junction of calle Clemente Hidalgo), in the direction of calle Ada.

As a result of the collision, the patrol car overturned, resulting in the officers suffering minor injuries. The driver of the colliding vehicle was breathalysed at the scene and was found to be four times over the maximum permitted limit for alcohol. In addition, the vehicle lacked mandatory insurance and the ITV had expired.

Fire fighters and medics attended to clear the scene and treat the injured parties until traffic could be restored.

Un conductor ebrio colisiona con su coche con un patrullero de #PolicíaSevilla y le hace volcar. #Sevillahoy+ Info https://t.co/qjXMsVDJ5t pic.twitter.com/UQ5WwVorzU— Emergencias Sevilla (@EmergenciasSev) October 3, 2017




Deseamos la pronta recuperación de los lesionados en este siniestro vialRecuerda; Si bebes, deja tu coche aparcado Ok?#PolicíaSevilla pic.twitter.com/aKaDxmoeUZ— Emergencias Sevilla (@EmergenciasSev) October 3, 2017

### New Campaign Aims to Raise Awareness of the Danger of Using a Mobile Behind the Wheel

An instant of distraction can make the difference between life and death. This is why the International Automobile Federation (FIA) and Dieter Liebrech Koch, with the collaboration of RACC and RACE and other European automobile clubs, are launching the #ParkYourPhone initiative. The ambassador for this campaign is singer Pharrell Williams, who has lent his image to videos and promotional images.



European Transport Commissioner Violeta Bulc said that “with smartphones integrated into our lives, it seems increasingly difficult to take our eyes off the screen. In fact, driving distracted is causing an increasing number of victims on the road.”

The message is unmistakable: the best way to prevent an accident is, first and foremost, to have our eyes on the road and not any other element that can prevent us from driving with attention. Jean Todt, president of the FIA, said that “road safety is one of my top priorities. Drivers, cyclists and pedestrians need to understand the dangers of using smartphones in traffic. To combat the 3,500 lives lost daily in traffic accidents, I call on all road users to 'park' their phones when they are involved in traffic in one way or another.”



MEP Dieter Liebrech Koch, representative of #AparcaTuMóvil, also explained that “Europe has done much to advance safety, whether in technical improvements of vehicles, as well as further training for road users or infrastructure. But new technologies, such as smartphones, pose new challenges. I welcome this initiative, which encourages everyone to remember that a moment of distraction can be fatal.”

Stop to distractions

#AparcaTuMóvil joins other campaigns, such as the one driven by RACE, Castrol and BP, “Stop Distractions”, in which the campaign alerts drivers of the risks using the mobile phone whilst driving. Under the hashtag #StopChatear , the action reveals that more than 13 million Spanish drivers recognise having used the mobile phone behind the wheel, many of them to use instant messaging applications. In a surprise test at the Circuit Jarama, RACE took a group of young people on a guided tour to see live, first-hand, what happens when try to attend messaging applications on our mobile phone while driving, with surprising reactions.




RACC Recommendations

The RACC , on the other hand, emphasises that talking on the phone multiplies by 4 the probability of an accident and that drivers who write a message are 23 times more likely to crash. In a study carried out by the Catalan motor club last year, 26% of drivers admitted to using their mobile “always or often” on their journeys, a percentage that increases to 47% in the case of pedestrians. This same study showed that 43% of drivers recognise dangerous practices such as writing messages in a moving car, or that one in five pedestrians continue to use the mobile whilst using pedestrian crossings.

To reduce the accidents related to mobile use, the RACC recommends: Promote the use of applications that block the mobile while driving; require certification (eg an ISO standard) to be able to standardise mobility-related apps and identify them as safe and compatible with driving and involve large Internet companies, mobile phone manufacturers and telecom operators in the improvement of mobile applications for safer integration in driving.

### 198 Unprotected Children Spotted in a Week

During the last campaign focussing on seat belt and child restraint use, more than 260,000 vehicles were checked, with 2,992 people found not wearing a seat belt, and 198 children having been found to have been put in a situation of extreme danger by not being properly restrained.



During the campaign, which ran for a week until the 17th of September, coinciding with the return to school, 2,094 adults and 198 children were found not wearing any type of retention system.

Of the 2,094 adults, 1,388 were drivers and 706 passengers (382 of them in the front seats and 324 in the rear).

In the case of the children, the responsibility of which lies with the driver, 198 were not wearing a seat belt or child restraint system and 41 were travelling in the front seats.

During the seven days, traffic officers report that 73% of those detected not wearing a seat belt were on conventional roads, the location for the highest percentage of fatal and serious incidents.

The seat belt is a basic and fundamental element of road safety, a life insurance. For this reason, its use is mandatory for all occupants of the vehicle and on all types of roads. In addition, the correct use of it is essential for it to fulfil the purpose for which it was created.

Since last week, fifty seat belt control cameras have been put into official operation, having completed their testing phase, which detect if vehicle occupants are not wearing seat belts. These cameras support the activities from officers on the ground, and in the air, all aimed at ensuring safety on the roads.

Remember, children under 135cm must travel in the rear seats, and must be restrained in an approved system suitable for their height and weight.

The only exceptions to the front seat rule are when the vehicle does not have rear seats, when all the rear seats are already occupied by other smaller children of the same characteristics, and when it is not possible to install all child restraint systems in such seats.

If children must occupy the front seats, they must always have the approved appropriate restraint system for their weight and size and if the vehicle has a front airbag, only rear-facing restraint systems can be used if the airbag has been deactivated.

Child restraint systems shall always be installed in the vehicle in accordance with the instructions provided by the manufacturer, which shall indicate the form and type of vehicles to be used safely.

In addition to monitoring the use of seatbelts, the traffic officers also monitored the use of crash helmets, the most important safety device for users on two wheels, motorcycles, mopeds and bicycles.

In the seven days, 34,000 checks were carried out, from which 75 people were found not wearing a helmet, of which 22 were motorcyclists, 22 on mopeds and 31 cyclists.

### Seatbelts Save Lives

Earlier this month, five people from the same family, French nationals travelling through the town of Pancorbo in Burgos during their vacation.

At 07:42 on the 5th of September, the vehicle they were travelling in was in collision with a truck.

Other than suffering minor physical injuries and tremendous psychological trauma, the truck driver was unhurt. However, tragically, the same was not the case for the five occupants of the car.

Two women, aged 60 and 32, a girl aged 9, and two boys aged 7 and 3, all lost their lives in the incident.

The investigation concluded that the driver of the car had fallen asleep at the wheel, invading the opposite carriageway and colliding with the truck heading in the opposite direction, then hitting the wall of the gorge..

The investigation also revealed that the vehicle was carrying six people, rather than the maximum of five is was designed to.

The driver of the car was the only occupant to survive the crash, now having to live with the consequences.
In the rear seats, his wife and children were not wearing seatbelts, or any form of restraining system, and were trapped in the wreckage. In the front seats, the driver and his mother-in-law were wearing seatbelts.

Both the driver of the truck and the car tested negative for alcohol or drugs.

Some of the scenes in this video may be distressing...

### Project EDWARD - Thursday 21 September 2017

N332 are proud to support Project EDWARD, European Day Without A Road Death.


TISPOL, the European Traffic Police Network, seeks support from all road users for Project EDWARD: European Day Without A Road Death – Thursday 21 September 2017  
•    On average, 70 people still die every day on Europe’s roads
•    Every road death prevented has an estimated value of €1.94 million (£1.65 million)*
•    Spare an extra thought for safety and sign the pledge at www.projectedward.eu
THIS YEAR’S European Day Without A Road Death is taking place across Europe on Thursday 21 September. Devised in 2016 as Project EDWARD by the European Traffic Police Network (TISPOL), the initiative aims to raise awareness of road safety and reduce the number of people killed every day on the roads of Europe.
Project EDWARD has the support of senior politicians, police chiefs, policy makers and road safety professionals, many of whom have recorded short video messages for the Project EDWARD website (www.projectedward.eu).
The European Commission is also backing Project EDWARD, with Transport Commissioner Violeta Bulc participating in a road safety event in Estonia on 21 September.
UK support for Project EDWARD comes in the form of video messages on the projectedward.eu website from:


 	Roads Minister Jesse Norman MP
 	PACTS Chairman Barry Sheerman MP
 	Scottish Transport Minister Hamza Yousaf MSP
 	the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA)
 	the National Police Chiefs’ Council (NPCC)
 	Road Safety GB
 	Road Safety Scotland
 	IAM RoadSmart
 	Highways England
 	The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency
 	GEM Motoring Assist

…and many more individuals and organisations.
TISPOL will be joining representatives of the European Transport Safety Council, the International Highways Association, the World Road Association and the Italian State Police at a conference to be held in Rome on Project EDWARD day. The event will be live-streamed via Facebook.
TISPOL believes it is vital to gain the support of national governments, as well as winning the hearts and minds of individual road users, in order to bring about sustained and significant reductions in death and injury on Europe’s roads.
TISPOL President Paolo Cestra comments: “The tragic toll of road deaths is seen every day by police officers and collision investigators. Every day across Europe, around 70 people will set off on road journeys, but they won’t make it home. That means 70 families will receive a knock at the door with the life-shattering news that they have lost a loved one in what was most likely an entirely preventable crash.
“With every road death, so many other lives are fractured and ruined. Quite simply we do not want that to happen to any family, and we will do everything we can to reduce the toll of road fatalities.
“But we cannot win on our own. Gaining the support of individual road users is vital, and we know that if everyone is prepared to reflect on the risks they face and the risks they may pose to others, then we can have safer drivers, safer road users and safer journeys.”
A day without a road death is of course the vision we should strive for every day, not just on 21 September, according to Paolo Cestra. “As a simple way of raising awareness, I am convinced that Project EDWARD can once again be a great success, whether or not we achieve zero deaths on the day itself.
“So we urge everyone: please think about the way you drive, ride or cross the road. Think about how you can reduce risk by always wearing a seatbelt, keeping to speeds that are both legal and appropriate for the conditions, not driving after drinking alcohol or taking drugs, and not using a mobile phone at the wheel.
“If everyone commits to making small changes, then the road safety improvements will be huge and we will achieve big reductions in the number of people who are killed or seriously injured. So please share our road safety messages on social media using #ProjectEDWARD, and sign the Project EDWARD pledge at www.projectedward.eu.”
Project EDWARD 2016: 
•    In the 48-hour period of 20 and 21 September 2016, #ProjectEDWARD achieved 19.5 million Twitter hits
•    #ProjectEDWARD was trending in the Twitter top five in the UK, Ireland and many European countries on 21 September
•    #ProjectEDWARD was trending in the top 50 Twitter topics globally on 21 September
•    ‘What is Project EDWARD?’ was a Twitter ‘moment (ie a headline story) on 21 September
•    30 days after Project EDWARD day 2016, 19 out of 31 participating countries had managed a day with no death on their roads
•    Records show that a total of 43 people died on Europe’s roads on 21 September 2016 (however, Project EDWARD takes no direct credit this, because there are so many factors that would need to be assessed and understood)

### Cyclist Stopped 4 Times Over Limit

The Guardia Civil in Lugo stopped a cyclist on the LU-120 main road and found that the rider was 4 times over the legal maximum permitted limit.



The incident occurred last Tuesday when the officers were involved in a routine checkpoint and observed the cyclist approaching in an "erratic and irregular" manner.

There suspicions led to a breath test, which revealed that the cyclist was 4 times over the maximum permitted limit. 

The severity of the case is classified as a "very serious" infraction, with a penalty of 1,000 euro, although on this occasion the rider's only immediate concern after the test was to walk to the nearest bar for a drink.

Remember, when cycling, riders are governed by the same rules of the road as any other vehicle. This of course includes laws relating to the consumption of alcohol and drugs, as well as all other rules.

### Electronic Cars Will be Forced to Make a Noise

Not unlike the unnecessary shutter noise of a camera phone, aimed at preventing intrusive photograph-taking by mimicking the manual release of a shutter, electric cars will also be forced to make a noise in order for other road users to be aware of their presence.



The regulation forcing these vehicles to emit noise will come into force in Europe, and the USA, in 2019 and will apply to all types of electric motors: hybrid, plug-in hybrid, 100% electric, extended-range electric and those that form hydrogen fuel cells.

The main proponents of the electric car emphasise that its silent driving is a great advantage in terms of noise pollution, and brings a different experience to driving. Many manufacturers claim that the absence of combustion noises reduces some levels of stress at the wheel. It is this silence however that poses a risk, specifically for pedestrians.

Noise and road safety have traditionally gone hand in hand. According to US Department of Transportation data, there is an additional 19% chance that an electric vehicle will hit a pedestrian compared to a conventional one. With this new regulation, which in that country will be enforced as of September 1, 2019, it is estimated that some 2,400 victims related to these situations can be avoided. These statistical victims are all associated with the noise that electric cars do not emit because in all other respects, it is demonstrated that electric cars are as safe, or more so, than traditional ones.

In America, it will be mandatory for all electric motor cars weighing less than 4.5 tons to emit noise above when travelling in excess of 30 kilometres per hour, both forward and in reverse. Neither can the system be disconnected, as some vehicles currently allow.

In Europe, the legislation will advance slightly sooner, as of July 1, 2019, and although the exact requirements are still to be confirmed, the European Commission already drafted a series of recommendations in 2011 which said that 20 kilometres per hour was the optimum noise-producing speed. Another difference for Europeans is that the date, 2019, refers to the new models only, those vehicles already on the road will have until 2021 to adapt.

Of course there are still two questions still remaining. Firstly, what type of noise will the vehicles have to omit? Sci-Fi films might show vehicle floating with a gentle hum, or a futuristic beep, and for the staunch defenders of the electric car, they believe that the sound they emit must be unique, away from the noise that we are accustomed to vehicles with thermal motors.

Luckily, it is highly unlikely that the verbal commands similar to, “Caution! Vehicle Reversing” will be adapted, as the EU proposal, for its part, states that “the sound generated by electric cars must be continuous and provide sufficient information to pedestrians and other vulnerable road users. The sound must be easily identifiable from the behaviour of a vehicle and should sound similar to the sound of a vehicle of the same category as an internal combustion engine.”

This contrasts with the vision of the head of the French company Arkamys, Philippe Tour. The company is dedicated to the development of acoustic warning systems for vehicles (AVAS). Tour believes that electric trains do not have to sound like something we already know, and think that manufacturers would prefer to opt for other types of sounds.

For its part, the Guide Dogs charity in the United Kingdom has written a series of recommendations aimed at manufacturers to help them define noise with the safety of the blind:

 	The vehicle must be heard regardless of its location and speed.
 	That the noise generation system must take into account when a vehicle has to operate in quieter conditions.
 	That same system must inform the proximity of the car, especially if it is in a situation of temporarily stopping.
 	The sound generated should mimic the sound generated by an internal combustion vehicle of similar characteristics, performing similar manoeuvres.
 	That the system cannot be disconnected in any case.

Our final burning question on the subject also deals with a more futuristic, although increasingly modern phenomenon, the self-driving vehicle. Once the roads are flooded with vehicles driving themselves, will the noise then be necessary?

Everything seems to indicate that electric cars will end up sounding similar to those with a combustion engine, given the safety requirements that legislators have contemplated. However, this situation does not have to be permanent, at least if we look at the long term. To do this, we must introduce in the noise equation the complex variable of the autonomous vehicle.

Already, we have seen how these vehicles can operate on roads in mixed traffic with little problem. The majority of incidents involving these vehicles still being down to driver error, the human failing to do its part, and whereas the majority of incidents produce more anecdotes than cause for reconsideration, the ability of these vehicles to detect pedestrians and stop in the event of obvious risk has already been proven to be effective. This may lead us to think that in the future these benefits can restore silence to electric cars.

However, as we have been looking from the past to the future, we must remember that we are still very much in the present, and, although these developments are happening around us, at this stage there are no specific plans for the day when infallible autonomous driving becomes the norm.

### The DGT Sets Out Air Support Plan

The DGT has been setting out plans to offer further support for road safety from the air, by using more aircraft, including fixed-winged planes and drones, and renewing the existing fleet.



The Director General of Traffic, Gregorio Serrano, was with air operatives in Las Palmas last week, where a number of test flights have been taking place.

The objective of the strategic development is to be more efficient in the regulation and control of traffic, which will mean important improvements in road safety and rationalisation of the expenditure, since each air operation can be budgeted according to the type of operation in question.

The plan contemplates the replacement of part of the current helicopter fleet, which are nearing the end of their operational life, by others equipped with the latest technologies, as well as the incorporation of light aircraft and drones that will operate as outsourced resources.

The test flights being conducted are part of the pilot tests that the DGT is carrying out to determine in a real and concrete way the potentiality and real applicability of new air systems in relation to the observation of traffic from the air, and the detection of certain infringements of traffic regulations, motor vehicle and road safety.

The aircraft chosen to carry out these tests, called MRI, has a series of features that enable it as a potentially effective air traffic monitoring option, as it has a range of operating speeds compatible of matching road traffic speed, autonomy and high reach, as well as the possibility of carrying image capturing equipment. 

According to Gregorio Serrano, "this type of aircraft could complement the rest of the aerial and terrestrial fleet on which we count and extend the current surveillance coverage of road traffic areas for certain operations and for the control of risky behavior on the roads." He added that "what is intended is to be more effective in terms of traffic regulation and control, which will mean important improvements in road safety".

The choice of Las Palmas to carry out the pilot test is due to the fact that in the archipelago does not have a helicopter patrol for traffic monitoring, which is essential to preventing incidents.

The flights that are being carried out at the moment are only for testing purposes, therefore no sanctions will be issued to those drivers the aircraft capture.

### Wasp Blamed for Crash

A wasp has been blamed for a crash in which a passenger car lost control and collided head on with another car towing a caravan in the Alicante town of Benissa.



The incident occurred at around 11:50 on Monday on the road linking the towns of Benissa and Teulada (Alicante North), near to an industrial area.

A car, occupied by two foreign women, crashed because the driver saw a wasp in the saloon and lost control of the vehicle, colliding head on with the caravan towing car, also carrying two foreigners. 

When the vehicles collided, they subsequently caught fire, which had to be extinguished by fire fighers, whilst the injured parties were taken to hospital.

Although it is no help in this case, we published an article about what to do in the event of finding something like a wasp in the vehicle, which you can read by clicking here.

### Back to School

It´s that time of year once again when the summer is coming to a close, and attentions start to turn back to yet another annual phenomenon, back to school time.



Although it might be a relief for some parents, it might also be a disappointment for some children, in road safety terms we have to be aware that the characteristics of the road network will once again change.

Firstly, we have an increase in traffic at certain times of day as parents resume the school run. It is quite normal for traffic to increase in the mornings because of this, which in turn can result in delays. The same situation applies at the end of the school day, but at what time? Often, in Spain, schools operate a less robust timetable, adapting to such things as weather conditions and light, and so the school day often varies from season to season. All non-parents can do to prepare for this is be aware of the changing timetable and allow extra time for all journeys.

If you are taking your children to school by car, remember that children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed in the front seats of the car. There are one or two exceptions, which you can read about on the website, n332.es.

Children must be secured in the vehicle, by means of a seatbelt, or specially designed retention system suitable for them. Any objects they are carrying must also be secure in the vehicle.

When you arrive at the school drop off point, remember that the laws still apply to you, the same as any other driver. You are still not allowed to double park, block entrances, or park in an illegal place with your hazard lights on just because you are dropping off your children for school. You must choose a safe, convenient and legal place to drop off your children. Where possible, ensure that they exit the vehicle on the pavement side, still warning them to be aware of their surroundings before opening the door. They may hit a pedestrian, item of street furniture, or another object, so they should be taught to be aware and alert before opening the door. If they have to leave on the road side, vigilance is even more important, they must check it is totally safe before opening the door, and must move to the pavement as soon as possible.

Remember, when you are about to pull away, pay extra attention to your surroundings too, including rigorous checks of your blind spots, as there could be children or other road users appearing from anywhere.

However, it´s not only car numbers that increase, other vehicles do too. Many children take the school bus, being collected near their homes, dropped off at school, and brought back once lessons are over. Buses operating on a school service must display a yellow sign in their windscreen and back window which warns other road users of their function. School buses have some restrictions over and above those of normal buses, but we don´t need to worry about those at the moment, all we want to do is be aware that the buses are carrying children. As such, they may stop at unusual places, not always at locations designated as bus stops. Similarly, there may be children in the road, in front or behind, possibly trying to cross, oblivious of the dangers. The advice, if passing a school bus, is to allow plenty of room and pass slowly, prepared for the unexpected.

Some children will chose to cycle to school. We must be prepared also for an increase in the number of bike on the road. As always, we must give them plenty of room if we are passing them, not only the mandatory 1.5 metres, but a little more, if possible, to allow for unexpected manoeuvres.

During late September, there will be an awareness campaign focussing on seatbelt and child restraint use, and the use of seatbelts on school buses (where fitted). The Guardia Civil, DGT, local and regional police will all be working together to check on these vehicles and the use of seatbelts, although in fairness, they should not have to enforce any laws which are designed with one single aim, so save lives.

### Santa Pola Mourns Death of 17 Year Old Knocked Down by Drunk and Drugged Driver

A 17-year-old male was killed and two girls, aged 15 and 17, injured, after being knocked down this weekend by a vehicle driven by a driver who tested positive for alcohol and drugs.

The incident happened in the Alicante town of Santa Pola, where the traditional Moors and Christians event is taking place. The town has called for three days official mourning, and has suspended some of the festivities, as a mark of respect for the victim.

Witnesses reported that the vehicle struck the first, fatal victim, at high speed, then apparently lost control and mounted the pavement. One of the victims became trapped with their leg under the car, another wedged between the vehicle and a vending machine, where the vehicle came to a stop. The driver apparently attempted to flee the scene but was apprehended by the local police. 

Officers from the Guardia Civil, assisted by colleagues from the local police, are investigating the causes of the tragedy, which occurred around 04:30 on Sunday morning on Avenida de Santiago Bernabeu.

Later on Sunday morning, at around 09:30, another man, who was apparently driving under the influence of alcohol fell asleep at the wheel on the CV-500 as it passed through the Valencia town of El Saler, crashed head-on into another car after invading the opposite lane. Two people, aged 66 and 72, were injured in the crash.

### N332 RoadWatch – Issue 9

Welcome to issue 9 of N332 RoadWatch eMagazine. You can read the eMagazine on this page FOR FREE, by scrolling down beyond the introduction. Alternatively, if you would like to buy and download your own PDF version, here is the buy now button.


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As summer comes to an end, thoughts of returning to work or school come to the forefront of many people´s minds, but for all of us, we have to be aware of the changes to the characteristics of the roads, as school and work timetables dominate the flow of traffic, more vehicles take to the roads, and, to add even more complications to the mix, the weather starts to change.

In this edition we look at some of those changes, focussing particularly on the return to school and the infamous “school run”. We also pay close attention to “operation return”, which is when we see the largest flow of domestic tourists return to their inland homes after the holidays on the coast and mountainous regions.

There´s much more to keep you interested this issue too, we hope, including more myths busted, this time about avoiding parking fines, explanations about some of the topics which have come to light over the summer, such as what the headlight sign with a question mark means, and a detailed explanation about different types of crossings.

We are also starting to build our timetable for presentations throughout the autumn, and so details about that are also included, and you can now get N332 on your Android device with the official N332 app (sorry iPhone users, but your time will come), details about that are also included inside.

That´s enough for now, we will let you get on and read all about it inside. Until the next time, stay safe.

In this issue:

4 - Back to School

6 - N332 Now Available on Android

8 - Talks and Presentations

9 - Driving in Rain

10 - Time to go Home

12 - Parking Myths Busted

14 - Headlights Question Mark

16 - Driving Classic Cars in Spain

18 - Lane Discipline Explained

20 - Pedestrian and Bicycle Crossings

23 - Drivers Urged to Tell the Truth in Medical Exams

24 - Choosing Workshops and Garages

27 - The Future Big Brother

28 - Pride of Spain Awards 2017

30- The Green L-Plate (V-13)

31 - Removing Abandoned Vehicles

32 - The Gallery

34 - Survey Results

36 - Buying and Selling a Car

Here is the online version which you can read for FREE. There is another Buy Now button at the end in case you would like to purchase and download your own PDF of thie eMagazine.









Buy PDF

### Time to go Home

This weekend marks the end of the summer road campaigns with “Retorno del verano”, when traffic starts to return from holiday destinations such as the coast and mountains to inland areas of Spain.



The special operation will run from Thursday 31 August to Sunday 3 September, when more than 6 million vehicle movements are anticipated, an increase on previous years, although spread over an additional day, Thursday.

There will be restrictions on the movement of some freight and none emergency road works will be suspended. There will also be additional lanes created in some areas in order to maximise the space available for traffic.

Drivers are advised to check their vehicle before a long journey, looking for any signs of potential wear, damage or risk, take frequent breaks, take your time and plan your route, allowing extra time on the way, and ensure compliance with the law at all times, including the avoidance of alcohol and drugs, ensuring that all vehicle occupants use the seatbelts, and children are seating in the correct seats, i.e. not the front, but occupying a seat suitable for them.

In order to ensure the safe flow of traffic, around 20,000 people will be on duty, including thousands of Guardia Civil traffic officers, assisted by staff employed by the DGT directly, plus specialist technical personnel, employees of conservation companies and other emergency services personnel, all of whom will work together so that drivers can make a safe trip.

Tips for a safer weekend

If you don´t have to travel this weekend, then the best advice is to avoid doing so. However, you can also plan your journey around the quieter times. Sunday afternoon is likely to be the busiest, as well as Friday evening.

Plan the trip by the safest route to avoid unforeseen events. The DGT has several channels such as the DGT free app, the twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes, and radio broadcasts, alerting the real-time traffic situation and any incidents that may exist. Of course, never use the apps or your device if you are driving, ask a passenger to check, or find a safe, convenient and legal place to stop and check.



Check the vehicle before setting off, preferable the day before and also just before you set off. Good maintenance improves road safety. If your vehicle is not in the best conditions, opt for another means of transport. In the last year, 4% of the vehicles involved in an accident did not have an ITV in order.

Respect the speed established on each road and maintain the safety distance with the vehicle in front.

Take breaks every two hours, fatigue and sleep are deadly when driving.

Do not drink alcohol or use drugs when driving.

All occupants of the vehicle must wear a seat belt. If children are less than 135 cm tall, they must sit in the rear seats with their corresponding child restraint system.

On conventional roads, take into account the increase of bicycles and pedestrians during the summer that cross roads that connect nearby towns.

Adapt your driving to the characteristics of the road (changes of gradients, curves, narrow roadways etc.), and the weather conditions.

 

 

Also remember that teams of people will be on the roads to help you. If you get into difficulty, you can call the Guardia Civil (in Spanish), on 062, or the emergency coordination centre, 112, who speak a variety of languages, including English.

### Headlights Question Mark

There are many common questions about road signs and signals, this time we will explain about "headlights question mark".



The sign, which has the code S-24, normally works in conjunction with another, R-413.



Let´s look at a common scenario, a tunnel, where there are also some other changes to rules which we discuss another time.

We now have to remember one of the basics of traffic signs, circles give us orders (things we must or must not do), whereas squares or rectangles are informative.

As we approach a tunnel, we see R-413, a blue circular sign featuring a pictogram of headlights. telling us we must switch our lights on.



As we leave the tunnel, we see sign S-24, which is a rectangular sign featuring a pictogram of headlights and a question mark.



Now, back to basics again. The approach sign, R-413, tells us we must put our headlights on. But, when we leave the tunnel, a sign cannot tell us we must switch them off, as we could be emerging during the night or in poor visibility, and so S-24, an informative sign, tells us to check if we still need our headlights on or not.

As a final note, remember that when we talk about headlights, we don´t mean Daytime Running Lights (DRL), they are not sufficient when it comes to illuminating areas such as tunnels, or at night.

### Driving in Rain

Changes in the weather provides significant risk to road users, and so our driving must be adapted at all times.



Rain is one of the biggest contributors to weather related incidents.

In Spain, long, dry periods are often followed by significant rainfall.

In the first rainfall after a dry spell, the roads are particularly hazardous, as water falls onto the dust and surface coating on the road, creating extremely poor adhesion in places.

Plus, drainage systems are not always able to cope with the immediacy of the downpour, and so roads become flooded, particularly in dips which are designed to control the flow of water.

When driving in wet weather, slow down and allow extra distance between you and the car in front. This will mean that you should allow extra time for your journey, or be prepared to arrive late. It is far better to arrive late, than not at all.

Movements should be slow and steady, not harsh, to ensure your tyres are able to maintain as much grip as possible, and if you think you or your vehicle are not prepared to drive in wet conditions, then don´t.

Windscreen wipers and headlights will allow for better visibility, not only for you, but other road users too.

Take care, take it easy and take it slow.

### Alicante Company Under Investigation for 'Clocking' Cars

Officers from the Guardia Civil Guard are investigating the managers and an employee of an Alicante company accused of alleged crimes of fraud and forgery, by manipulating the odometers of several vehicles to increase their market value.



The company was dismantled in July after 76 vehicles were found to have tampered odometers. In some cases, as much as 400,000 kilometers had been knocked off the real value.

The investigation began in February and was conducted by the research groups and Traffic Analysis subsectors of the Guardia Civil Trafico in Guadalajara (Castilla-La Mancha) and Alicante, under operation 'Restacox' covering 21 provinces.

Company managers allegedly acquired vehicles through another intermediary company established in Madrid. Following this, the investigators in Guadalajara detected an inordinate increase in applications from the company for the rehabilitation of industrial vehicles and therefore initiated the investigation.

These vehicles, once their odometers were manipulated, were transferred to an inspection station in Alicante, where they were issued duplicate cards, to obtain a new certificate, in which the modified kilometers were reflected .

### Extra Checks on Speed This Week

All of this week, the DGT, Guardia Civil, regional and local police will be paying close attention to inappropriate speed, in an attempt to educate drivers of the risks associated with this dangerous practice.



The campaign will run throughout the week, coinciding with one of the busiest summer weekends on the roads, when many of the remaining domestic tourists return to their inland homes from the coast, before the last major operation of summer starts next weekend.



Every year more than 300 people are killed in incidents where inappropriate seed is a contributing factor. The overriding message of the campaign is that speed limits are a maximum and must never be exceeded, although the speed limit does not indicate that it is always safe to drive at that speed, as other factors such as the weather, traffic and road conditions influence this.

In Spain, secondary roads are where more speed related incidents occur, and so the Guardia Civil will be giving more of a focus to this type of road. Statistically, 4 out of 10 drivers on these types of roads are exceeding the speed limit at any one time, 25% by more than 10 kilometres per hour above the limit. These roads are also the location for 8 out of every 10 deaths.

### Summer Begins to Come to a Close

We might be on the downward slope towards the end of summer, but the roads are still particularly busy at the moment, and will remain so for a few more weeks yet.



In order to keep the roads safer during this period, a number of special campaigns and operations have been set up, where the DGT, Guardia Civil and local and regional police, will give special focus to certain situations.

The next campaign takes place during the week of the 21st of August, where speed checks will increase. Inappropriate speed is one of the #Fatal4, the biggest groups of contributing factors to road traffic incidents. Officers will increase ground and air patrols during this week to try to reduce the number of incidents by reducing the number of speeding vehicles on the roads.

Then, the next major operation, Operation Return, takes place from Thursday 31 August to Sunday 3 September, which sees the majority of domestic tourists returning to their inland homes, ready to start work and school.

Throughout summer, teams of people will be on the roads to help you. If you get into difficulty, you can call the Guardia Civil (in Spanish), on 062, or the emergency coordination centre, 112, who speak a variety of languages. Stay safe and enjoy your holiday.

### Dangerous Speeder Caught

A 28-year-old resident of Zumárraga, Navarro, has been charged with a crime against road safety after being recorded when driving at 219 kilometres per hour on the AP68 Navarrese motorway.



The driver was stopped by a patrol of the Foral Police at the toll of Imárcoain, where the vehicle had covered a 95 kilometer stretch between Ablitas and Imárcoain in just 32 minutes, thus averaging 180 kilometres per hour and having to stop at two toll sections to pay by card, according to the Police.

### Pedestrian Killed on the Elche to Santa Pola Road

A pedestrian was killed on Wednesday night whilst walking along the CV-865 which connects Elche and Santa Pola.

The incident occurred at around half past midnight, at kilometer 3,150 of the road, in the direction of Elche.

The vehicle involved was a passenger car and an investigation has begun to ascertain the cause of the incident.

### Busy Holiday Weekend with Alcohol and Drugs Checks Throughout

This weekend we reach the height of the summer season and, as such, the roads of Spain will be at their busiest.

The 15th of August is a national holiday and it coincides with the busiest weekend for mid-summer parties, before the return to work begins. This year, the 15th falls on a Tuesday, which makes the weekend a particularly long one.





The DGT has launched a special operation that covers the entire period, which will commence at 15:00 on Friday and run through to midnight on Tuesday night. During this period, it is expected that some 8.1 million long-haul journeys will be made.

As such, special measures will be in place to improve the flow of traffic, initially from large cities and inland areas to the coastal and holiday areas.

In addition to the special operation on the roads, the main focus will be to try to reduce the number of fatalities and serious injuries caused by drivers who have consumed alcohol or drugs. To that end, there will be a considerable increase in the number of checkpoints around the network where vehicles will be stopped and the drivers tested.

In fact, the plan is to conduct more than 20,000 checks every day during the operation, with thousands of checkpoints planned for the period.

Drinking and driving, and consuming drugs are amongst the so called “fatal 4”, the contributing factor to the majority of road traffic collisions and those with fatal outcomes. Although Spain already has a much lower alcohol limit than many countries, including the UK, the best advice, if driving, is to not consume any alcohol at all. You should also avoid recreational drugs, and if you take prescription drugs, check with your doctor or pharmacist over the implications for driving.

If you are going out during the holiday season, you could nominate a designated driver who doesn´t drink for the evening, perhaps, as a group, offering to buy all the soft drinks the driver would like to consume during your night out. You can also use public transport, such as taxis or buses, or even walk.

You should also remember that using a bicycle is not an option as when riding a bike you are still governed by the same rules as all other vehicles, and riding a bicycle whilst affected by drink or drugs is also an offence.

#chooseright – Don´t Drink and Drive!

### Top 10 Tips for Driving in Spain

With so many people visiting for the first time this summer, we thought we’d share our top 10 tips for driving in Spain.



 

 	In Spain we drive on the right. It might seem like an obvious thing to say but many people do forget. In fact, the law says we should drive as far to the right as possible, so don’t go hogging lanes. Also, remember, we go anticlockwise on roundabouts.
 	Speed limits are a maximum, not a target, and remember, they are kilometres per hour. Most signs are the same as in the UK but a blue square is a recommended maximum.
 	All vehicle occupants must wear a seatbelt. If there are only 2 seatbelts in the back, only 2 people can sit there. Seatbelts must be worn properly too, not under the arm.
 	Children are not allowed to sit in the front seat. In fact, it is children under 1.35 metres, irrespective of their age, who must sit in the back. They must also be in an approved restraint suitable for them. The only exception is when there aren’t any rear seats, like a sports car, or when the seats are already occupied by smaller children.
 	Spain has a much lower limit than many other countries. However, the best advice if you’re driving is don’t drink at all. The same applies to drugs, but if you’re on prescription medication be careful as these can sometimes affect your driving.
 	Never use your mobile when driving. That goes for any device actually. You are allowed to use your phone as a GPS sat nav, but you mustn’t touch it when you’re driving. Program it before you set off and stop in a safe, convenient and legal place if you have to change it.
 	Some traffic lights have filter arrows. If the light is red but the filter arrow pointing right is orange, you are allowed to turn right, just remember to give way to traffic already on the main road.
 	When exiting a roundabout, always exit from the right-hand lane, irrespective of how many lanes there are. Unless signs or signals say otherwise.
 	Traffic police vehicles have blue lights illuminated all the time. If you see these blue lights it doesn’t mean pull over or stop. They use flashing red lights to stop you, or flashing white lights from the front.
 	If you get into difficulties or an emergency, dial 112 from any phone. The operators speak many languages, including English, and are there to help. One thing though, try to identify exactly where you are before you phone, as this will make it easier for help to find you.

 

Overall, enjoy your holiday is Spain, stay safe, drive carefully and remember these rules. For more detailed explanations, visit the website, n332.es

 

 

### Hero Officers Save Child

Guardia Civil officers saved the life of a two-year-old child on Wednesday, after he had been knocked down near the Murcia town of Cieza.

A patrol was alerted to the incident by a man who came out of a driveway to a farm adjoining the road and asked them to help, because he had apparently inadvertently run over his Nephew, a young child, in the farm, rendering the boy unconscious.

A young woman then appeared, in an apparent state of distress, carrying a child in her arms who was bleeding through several areas of his body and had lost consciousness.

Due to the seriousness of the situation and the proximity to the hospital of La Vega Lorenzo Guirao de Cieza, the officers decided to immediately take the child to hospital in their vehicle, along with the woman, now identified as the mother.

During the journey the child stopped breathing, so, after checking the vital signs of the child, on of the officers began cardio-respiratory resuscitation. Shortly afterwards, the child started crying and regained consciousness minutes before arriving at the hospital.

The child received further emergency care at the hospital in Cieza, before later being transferred to the University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca of Murcia, where he was put under observation.

### Father and Son Charged in Cover up

Local Police in Elche have filed a complaint to initiate proceedings against a father who allegedly attempted to cover for his son who was involved in a collision whilst drunk.



The incident occurred on Sunday morning, at around 7:30, when the younger man fled the scene of the collision in order to avoid a breathalyser test. At 08:25, the father telephoned the emergency services to report that he had been involved in an incident on Calle Bigastro, where he had crashed his vehicle into a number of protective bollards.

The father reported that the bollards, which are used to separate a bus lane, had been in the middle of the road and that he had been unable to avoid hitting them, whilst also expressing an intention to claim damages from the town hall for liability due to the items being in the road.

However, the investigation revealed the opposite of what was claimed, where tyre marks indicated that the vehicle had invaded the opposite lane, which had been protected by the bollards as it was a bus lane.

The evidence also coincided with an incident an hour earlier reported by witnesses, who saw the incident, the vehicle and the driver fleeing the scene.

After the investigation, the officers found that the father was actually trying to cover up for his son, who was the one involved in the sole incident, and had absconded for “fear” of giving a positive breathalyser test.

The young man and his father then acknowledged that after fleeing the scene, they had returned together and placed pieces of the plastic barrier in the lane and on the car so as to suggest the incident had just happened.

Despite the truth only coming out over an hour after the actual incident, the actual driver did indeed test positive for alcohol, and, by calculating backwards, would have been more than double the maximum permitted limit at the time.

The local police have subsequently filed complaints for both an alleged crime against road safety and a cover-up.

### Operation '1 Agosto' Means Another Busy Weekend

The second major operation of summer occurs this weekend, between Friday 28 July to Tuesday 2 August, when the roads of Spain will see an increase in the amount of traffic, particularly on long journeys towards the coastal and mountainous regions from inland, culminating in a higher concentration of vehicles in these areas.



The aim of the operations are to ensure the safety and fluidity of traffic on the roads. It is expected that during July and August, 89 million trips will be carried out by road, which represents 4 million more movements by road (+ 4.6%) compared to the displacements that occurred last summer. This forecast places the number of journeys similar to those recorded in 2008. Of the 89 million forecast, 43.5 million will occur in July and 45.5 million in the month of August.

As has been happening for some years, many holidaymakers choose to break up their vacations over the course of the two months and start them by making them coincide with the weekend.

In line with this criterion, the DGT has set up special traffic controls during all weekends, in order to take care of the greater number of people who start their holidays on the weekend and who opt for the vehicle as a means of transport.

During the operations, special protocols will be adopted, including:-

 	Installation of reversible and additional lane with cones at times greater traffic intensity on certain roads.
 	The suspension of all roadway maintenance, except those which are considered essential.
 	Restrictions on the movements of dangerous goods (vehicle owners can check these restrictions with the DGT).
 	Signposting of alternative routes to key destinations to reduce congestion on main roads.
 	Intensified surveillance campaigns which will focus on reducing incidents involving the most vulnerable and those who create a higher risk.

In order to ensure the safe flow of traffic, approximately 20,000 people will be on duty, including 6,000 Guardia Civil traffic officers, assisted by 600 staff employed by the DGT directly, plus specialist technical personnel, employees of conservation companies and 13,000 emergency services personnel, all of whom will work together so that drivers can make a safe trip.

Tips for a safer summer

Plan the trip:  by the safest route to avoid unforeseen events. The DGT has several channels such as the DGT free app, the twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes, and radio broadcasts, alerting the real-time traffic situation and any incidents that may exist.

Check the vehicle. Good maintenance improves road safety. If your vehicle is not in the best conditions, opt for another means of transport. In the last year, 4% of the vehicles involved in an accident did not have an ITV in order.

Respect the speed established in each road and maintain the safety distance with the vehicle in front.

Take breaks every two hours, fatigue and sleep are deadly when driving.

Do not drink alcohol or use drugs when driving.

All occupants of the vehicle must wear a seat belt. If children are less than 135 cm tall, they must sit in the rear seats with their corresponding child restraint system.

On conventional roads, take into account the increase of bicycles and pedestrians during the summer that cross roads that connect nearby towns.

Adapt your driving to the characteristics of the road (changes of gradients, curves, narrow roadways etc.)

If you are a bicycle user, remember that in addition to wearing a helmet, you have to ride with lights and reflective garments at night, and must have a bell.

In the case of pedestrians, if you walk on roads out of town, remember that they must do so on the left, facing oncoming traffic, and if it is at night or in meteorological or environmental conditions that significantly reduce visibility, you should wear a high visibility vest or other reflective garment .

Traffic characteristics in the summer

Traffic in the summer presents characteristics different from those that occur at other times of the year this must be taken into account.

An increase in the number of long-distance journeys both on working days and especially on weekends.

Less congestion in the accesses to the big urban nuclei during the peak hours of working days in the entrance and exit to the places of work.

Higher density of traffic on secondary roads.

Intense traffic on roads that connect coastal towns and coastal tourist areas with the beaches during all days of the week.

Greater presence of cyclists and pedestrians on the road.

Increased circulation throughout the road network of foreign registered vehicles.

Increase in the number of sports activities used by the road for its development, for which complementary traffic measures will be adopted.

Increase in drivers in unfamiliar territory, who may change speed, course or direction without warning, on account of being confused by their surroundings.

Teams of people will be on the roads to help you. If you get into difficulty, you can call the Guardia Civil (in Spanish), on 062, or the emergency coordination centre, 112, who speak a variety of languages. Stay safe and enjoy your holiday.

### Ten Injured in Alicante Bus Crash

Ten people suffered minor injuries on Thursday when a bus crashed into a palm tree in Alicante.



The 15:00 Linea 9 departure was driving along avenida de Jijona, heading towards the centre, when the driver lost control, hitting a tree with the vehicle´s mirror, then mounting the pavement and crashing into a large palm tree, which suffered damage, the crown of the tree breaking off and hitting the ground below.

The Local Police were the first on the scene, accompanied by a number of ambulances, who treated the wounded at the scene, all having suffered minor injuries, before taking some of them to the local hospitals in Alicante and San Juan as a precautionary measure.

The road was closed for a while until the fire service were able to secure the scene and remove the remains of the tree and the bus. An investigation is being launched to ascertain what led to the crash.

### New Rules for Pickup Trucks

Owners of pickup vehicles may need to be aware that new rules came into force in Spain in July.



In particular, the pickup with a maximum mass not more than 3.500 kg and whose seating position and loading area are not located in a single compartment and whose total height does not exceed 2M, shall be governed by the same rules of movement as passenger vehicles.

The full text of the regulation change details how within the dynamism and evolution of the automobile market, new bodies and configurations have emerged that adapt vehicles to specific demands.

Amongst these new bodies, introduced some time ago in the market, was the configuration known commonly as a pickup. Pickup vehicles are characterised, in the main, as being a vehicle that has an area on its body where merchandise can be carried, normally in an open top area.

Due to this particularity, and in the absence of a proper classification for this type of vehicle within the definitions of the Reglamento General de Vehículos (General Regulations of Vehicles), pickup vehicles have been classified up to now as a type of commercial vehicle.

In this respect, the definition of a truck in the Reglamento General de Vehículos indicates that it is a vehicle with four wheels or more, designed and constructed for the carriage of goods, the cab is not integrated in the rest of the bodywork and with a maximum of 9 seats, including the driver.

Now, within the definition of the vehicle as a pickup, it is defined in the scope of the directive as: A vehicle whose maximum mass is not more than 3,500 kg, where the seating positions and the loading area are not located in a single compartment. From a technical point of view, the configuration, use and performance of a pickup vehicle are within the realm of those of a passenger vehicle and not those of a commercial vehicle. This circumstance brings with it certain dysfunctions derived from the direct application to vehicle types and the rules of circulation of commercial vehicles.

Therefore, from July 7, pickup vehicles with a maximum mass not exceeding 3,500 kg, where the seating positions and the loading area are not located in a single compartment and whose total height is not more than 2 metres, will be governed by the same rules of circulation applied to passenger vehicles.

To facilitate their identification and control, a specific field will be enabled in the Vehicle Register for pickup vehicles. The above does not affect in any case any other obligations (fiscal, periodicity of ITVs, etc), that can be derived from its formal classification as a commercial vehicle by criteria of construction in the Vehicle Registry.

### Email Fine Scam Warning

Be aware that a new scam is starting to resurface, whereas the victim is supposedly notified of a traffic fine by email.



The scam usually claims something along the lines of a notice that the recipient has been caught speeding by the DGT, and must pay a fine, as well as losing points from the driving licence.

By means of evidence confirming the case, the email claims to include a picture taken by a traffic camera, which the recipient is encouraged to click and open.

This file is malware which infects the user´s computer once it is clicked.

Therefore, if you receive any notification like this, do not open it and delete it immediately.

If you have any concerns that the email may be genuine, rest assured that the DGT, or any other official traffic authority in Spain, never issues notifications by email, unless expressly requested by the recipient. Therefore, if you have not requested confirmation by email, then the email is guaranteed to be fake.

 

### Beware of Sheltering Animals

During the hot summer days, animals, especially cats, may find shelter under parked cars.

Occasionally, they may find their way into the engine compartment or wheel arches.

Always check your vehicle before starting the engine and before driving off. Making a noise can sometimes wake them, but be careful you don´t startle them so much they run into the road.

If you find an animal and are unable to move it, call for assistance.

That is what happened this week in Elche, where, after a lot of time and patience, the local police successfully rescued a cat which had found its way into the engine compartment.

Si encuentras un gato en el motor del coche... paciencia. Llámanos e intentaremos ayudarte, como en el caso de hoy ❤? #juntosprevenimos pic.twitter.com/wUm8wXVYxD
— Policía Local Elche (@policiaelche) July 17, 2017

### Checks on Vehicle Standards This Week

All this week, including through the weekend, the Guardia Civil, with the DGT are conducting a campaign focussing on vehicle safety standards.



The campaign, which will also be supported by the local and regional police, will see officers conducting checks on such safety features as tyres, lights and the windows, as well as checking on the validity of mandatory ITV tests and certificates, and excessive weight.

Within the first hour of starting the campaign on Monday officers found 4 expired ITV´s, a motorbike with inadequate tread on its tyres and a vehicle carrying an excessive load.



Always check your vehicle on a regular basis and make sure that your documentation is in order or you face a hefty fine, as the officers play their part in trying to keep you safe through the enforcement of the law.

### Prison for Reckless Flasher

A court in A Coruña has sentenced a man to prison for showing his genitals to the police whilst acting in a reckless manner and endangering public safety.



The incident occurred in 2015, but has only just been heard in court, when a police patrol observed a man showing signs of intoxication climbing onto a motorcycle. The officers reported that the man could barely keep his balance and so immediately attempted to stop the biker to ascertain if he was fit to drive.

The rider ignored the request to stop and fled away at high speed, ignoring traffic lights and speed limits whilst he attempted to escape. Another patrol joined the pursuit and, having reached speeds in excess of 100 kilometres per hour, the rider lost control and crashed his motorbike.

The officers attended the man and advised him that a breathalyser would soon arrive to check his condition, to which the man threatened the officers with violence, in front of gathering crowds.

The officers attempted to carry out the test, and although the man accepted the device in his mouth, he refused to blow. He was advised that if he continued it would be taken into account that he has refused the test, at which point he pulled down his trousers and told the officers to “blow on this”.

The matter was dealt with and reported, yet a month later, the same man was observed on his motorcycle, again in an apparent state of intoxication, and took it upon himself to insult the officers further.

The court sentenced him to 9 months in prison and a suspension of his licence for 15 months.

### Mobile App Assesses Driver Performance

An app which records and reports on driving ability has revealed that drivers in Spain don´t perform quite as they believe.

DriveSmart, a mobile application that measures the driving style of the user and compares it with the assessment of other drivers, and, in general, despite the fact that a survey revealed that drivers in Spain believe themselves to be generally “good drivers”, after the analysis of the results, it reveals that they are… even better than they thought.



How does it work?

To run the application, you only have to activate it at the beginning of the trip, and it then automatically collects the data using the phone´s internal sensors, such as accelerometer, compass, GPS for example, without the driver having to manipulate the phone during the journey.

Before using the application, it asks the driver to create a profile and after the trip, depending on the characteristics and conditions of the road, DriveSmart evaluates the journey and shows results on how the driver performed behind the wheel and how they could it improve.

In the self-assessment, only 1 in 3 Spaniards considered themselves to be a good driver, while 12% think they are excellent. Only 1% say they are bad drivers. 23% do not know.

Despite these modest results, the application gives these drivers an average rating of 95.99 out of 100. A benchmark that has improved from the previous year, rising from 94.6.

Performance scores by local area

### N332 RoadWatch – Issue 8

Is it ILLEGAL to drive in flip flops? What about not wearing a shirt, or with stuff on the parcel shelf? Can I get fined for drinking water? All of these questions, and more, are answered here.

Issue 8 of N332 RoadWatch is now available. You can read the eMagazine for FREE below, or you can purchase and download your own PDF version and support the N332 Road Safety Project.


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This is what is in this edition...

 
Summer is well and truly underway now, many of the roads in coastal and mountainous regions are carrying more cars than normal, as holidaymakers travel in often unknown areas, sometimes lost, sometimes confused, and mixing with other vehicles of similar characteristics.

In this issue, we clear up a lot of questions which have arisen regarding summer driving, such as if you will get fined for wearing flip flops, or not wearing a t-shirt, will you get fined for drinking water or having your arm out of the car? What about if you have items on the parcel shelf?

As well as an in-depth interview with serving Guardia Civil traffic officer Francisco Morales, who heads the N332 Facebook team, we also include the OFFICIAL advice from the DGT, so there is no ambiguity, it´s real, and official and made clear.

Special operations will be carried out by the Guardia Civil and DGT throughout the summer. Between the 17th and 23rs of July, the attention will turn to vehicle standards, ensuring the safety and maintenance of vehicles on the roads, especially older ones.

Around the weekend of the 15th of August, attention will focus on alcohol and drugs, as this coincides with an increase in the number of summer parties being held. Finally, during the week of the 21st of August, speed checks will increase.

The second major operation of the summer, Operation “1 August”, will run from Friday 28 July to Tuesday 2 August, then Operation “15 August” will run from Friday 11 to Tuesday 15 August.

The final operation, when the majority of road-based holidaymakers return inland, known as “Operation Return”, takes place from Thursday 31 August to Sunday 3 September.

As always, wherever you are and whatever you are doing, stay safe on the roads. Keep calm, allow plenty of time for your journey, maintain a safe distance and appropriate speed, never drink and drive and never use your mobile or other electronic device.





The contents of this issue…

 	4 Mobile App Assesses Driver Performance
 	5 Combatting the Sun´s Damage
 	6 Leave an Animal in your Vehicle – Face Prison
 	6 Prison for Reckless Flasher
 	8 Father Arrested for Leaving Baby in Car
 	8 On Patrol - The Odd Ones
 	9 Kamikaze Driver Stopped
 	10 More Internet Myths Explained
 	14 Official Advice from the DGT
 	16 Translation of Advice
 	18 New Rules for Pickup Vehicles
 	20 Slow Down for Horses
 	23 Hire Car Equipment
 	24 Drinking & Driving in Spain
 	27 Carrying Pets in Cars
 	28 Overtaking Multiple Vehicles
 	30 Introducing the Ford Police ResponderTM Hybrid Sedan
 	32 The Gallery
 	34 How to Adjust Your Seat Belt
 	36 Electric Bike Insurance





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### Father Arrested for Leaving Baby in Car

The police in Madrid have arrested a man for apparently accidentally locking his 16-month-old baby in the car for more than 2 hours.

Officers from both the local and national police arrived at the scene having been called by witnesses who saw the baby inside the car.

The officers broke the car´s window in order to gain access and rescue the child, who had vomited and was sweating. The child was immediately taken to the hospital Niño Jesús for treatment, although in a stable condition, in a non-life-threatening condition thanks to the actions of all involved.

The officers contacted relatives of the child, who said that the man had “forgotten” to take the child to nursery.

Having been advised of the child´s location, the father attended the hospital and was promptly arrested.

### Kamikaze Driver Stopped

Catalan police intercepted a vehicle which was being driven in the wrong direction on the A-2 main road in the Cornellá area.



Witnesses had reported the vehicle travelling in the wrong direction, and emitting sparks as it moved along.

The vehicle had travelled for 35 kilometres in the opposing direction, and was driving in the middle lane of three when the officers managed to stop the vehicle.

Not only had the vehicle been driving into oncoming traffic, it was also missing the tyre on the front wheel by the time the officers had stopped it.

The driver, a 38-year-old Spanish man, a resident of Sant Boi de Llobregat, was breathalysed at the scene and gave a test result of 1.01 mg / L of expired air.

### Idiotic Cyclist Caught on Camera

This weekend, a passenger in a taxi videoed a scene that brought shock and horror to those who have since seen the video, a cyclist, wearing flip-flops, travelling at 100 kilometres per hour along a motorway on Mallorca.

The cyclist was not under their own power, but was clinging with one hand to the back of a van as it travelled on the MA-19 Llucmajor to Palma motorway, a reckless act that could so easily have ended in tragedy.

The Guardia Civil are looking into the video which shows both the cyclist and van driver breaking numerous traffic laws, including crimes against road safety.

### Leave an Animal in your Vehicle – Face Prison

The Canine Unit of the local police in Alicante have denounced a person for allegedly committing a crime of animal abuse, by leaving a dog locked in a vehicle, in temperatures above 36 degrees, for some time.



The incident came about when concerned local residents alerted the police of the presence of the dog in a car in a car park, showing signs of distress and severe discomfort.

The police immediately attended and were concerned that the dog was on the brink of suffocation and so broke the rear window of the vehicle to gain access, successfully rescuing the dog.

The police have opened legal proceedings and filed a formal complaint against the owner who is charged with the alleged commission of a crime of animal abuse. In addition, the officers carried out a check on the vehicle and its owner and found that the car did not have a valid ITV, and so they seized the vehicle, removing it on the back of a tow truck, with the owner facing separate charges for vehicle offences.

The police extend the warning once again about leaving dogs in vehicles, as the temperature inside quickly increase and puts the animal´s life at severe risk. Therefore, in endangering the life of an animal, the offence can carry a prison sentence, as well as hefty fines, aside from the obvious fact that the animal may well die.

If anybody witnesses an animal left in a vehicle, so not act, call the police or emergency services immediately.

In this case, the police started a campaign to find a foster family for the abandoned dog, before it is put into the care of the local animal centre.

### Guardia Civil Officer Killed Struck by Van

A 40-year-old Guardia Civil traffic officer, identified with the initials CDD, has been killed in the line of duty, after being hit by a van on the A-1 near Madrid.



The incident occurred just after 11:00 on Monday morning in the San Sebastián de los Reyes area when the officer had stopped a vehicle to ask for documentation when the van hit the officer, throwing him several metres into the road ahead.

Emergency medics immediately attended but could do nothing to save the life of the officer who was confirmed dead at the scene.

Guardia Civil colleagues also attended, with the van driver producing a negative alcohol and drugs test, the driver saying that he ”did not see” the officer.

A further investigation is being carried out to ascertain the circumstances surrounding the tragedy. Meanwhile, government delegates and colleagues have extended their condolences to the family of the officer.

### Road Traffic May be Affected Following Alicante-Elche Airport Crash Simulation

Luckily, the risk of serious incident involving an aircraft is extremely low, but in order for the emergency services to prepare for the worst case scenario, there is only one real option available, for them to simulate, in advance, a situation that would require them to act as if it were a real, life or death, situation.



That is what is currently being planned surrounding Alicante-Elche airport this autumn, in November, as the Emergency Response and Security Agency is preparing for a large-scale simulation of a multi-victim air crash that will take place outside the Alicante-Elche airport complex with the participation of a hundred extras and will test the protocols of the competent bodies in matters of security and emergency response.



The Director General of the Agency, José María Ángel, explained that “we are committed to the culture of the simulacrum, since it is of vital importance to test the safety and emergency protocols with the main objective of detecting faults, to calibrate the possible deficiencies and to rectify, based on the experience of the implementation of the simulacrum, both by us as coordinators, and by other agencies that can find in this exercise an opportunity to exercise their specific plans in those aspects that are considered most necessary”.



The Valencian regional agency of security and response to emergencies organises a large-scale simulacrum like this every year in each of the Valencian provinces. Last year, a metro crash simulation involving several vehicles with fatalities and injuries was carried out in the Valencian town of Paterna.



With respect to the Alicante drill, the Emergency Response and Security Agency has convened the first preparatory meeting in which a first draft of the work has been submitted to the participating agencies.

Among the attendants were representatives of the municipalities of Alicante and Elche; Subdelegation of the Government of Alicante, Guardia Civil Guard, National Police, Emergency Military Unit, Alicante-Elche Airport, Provincial Fire Consortium of Alicante, Conselleria of Sanitat Universal and Public Health, Autonomous Police of the Generalitat, Directorate of the Institute of Legal Medicine, Forest Firefighters of the Generalitat, Comunidad Valencian Red Cross, DYA Elche and Psycho-Emergencies Association Comunitat Valenciana.

According to José María Ángel, the simulacrum will recreate a serious commercial plane accident with multiple victims in the surroundings of the Alicante-Elche airport based on the following sequence of events:



The apparatus, with 100 passengers on board plus the crew, is ready to land and falls to the rugged ground about 4 kilometres from the runway. Then, after the initial impact, the plane splits in two, giving rise to two scenarios more or less close together (one in the municipal area of Santa Pola and the other in Elche). There are a large number of injured and deceased, and also numerous relatives of passengers waiting in the airport terminal.

The Emergency Coordination Centre of the Generalitat assesses the situation and activates the Territorial Emergency Plan of the Region of Valencia, Emergency Situation 2, and constitutes two Advanced Command Posts (one in each scenario), while mobilising the Basic Units. Also in the first moments, a Family Care Centre is set up at the airport, which will later be transferred to another location yet to be determined.

As it is a simulation with multiple victims, it is foreseen that it will require the participation of a hundred of extras, formed mostly of students of nursing and of the modules of emergency services, who will act like injured passengers and relatives of the wounded and deceased. Forty mannequins will also allow emergency and health agencies to test their protocols of action.

Finally, being that the incident involves a commercial aircraft with passengers of different nationalities, it is planned to contact the British and Swiss consulates in Alicante, with the aim of collaborating in the implementation of protocols of action of identification of victims and wounded, and care for family members.

Finally, as the plan draws closer, road closures and restricted zones will be planned, with diversions put in place, but as always in this sort of situation, dramatic though it might be to consider becoming an observer and watching the action unfold, the best course of action during the simulation will be to stay well clear and allow the emergency services to practice what we all hope will never happen in reality.

### Choosing a Perfect Helmet

Do you know what features are best for your helmet when driving a 2 wheel vehicle?



The Spanish national association of companies representing the industry, (Asociación Nacional de Empresas del Sector de Dos Ruedas), offer these handy tips.

You must be able to see the ECE (European Standard) label clearly.

It must cover the forehead above the eyebrows.

It must not move or fall on the driver's eyes or apply pressure on the forehead.

It must not hinder the driver's peripheral vision.

It must not push the glasses or reduce the vision of the bikers who wear glasses.

Most importantly: It must be comfortable.

Remember, a helmet is only worn correctly if it is secured to the head it is protecting. Always use the chin strap and always make sure your helmet is secure.

### Summer 2017 Special Operation Begins

This weekend sees the first of the four special operations on the roads of Spain where the network will be stretched to the limit, as summer holidaymakers move through the country´s roads.



There will be four specific operations during the summer, which coincide with two-week blocks, as well as every weekend during July and August.

 	The first operation – From Friday 30 of June to Sunday 2 of July.
 	Operation “1 August” – From Friday 28 July to Tuesday 2 August.
 	Operation “15 August” – From Friday 11 to Tuesday 15 August.
 	Operation Return – From Thursday 31 August to Sunday 3 September.
 	Then, as mentioned, every weekend during the period.

During the two months there will be four intensive surveillance campaigns operating, with a focus on motorcycles, inappropriate speed, vehicle conditions and alcohol and other drugs.

The aim of the operations are to ensure the safety and fluidity of traffic on the roads. It is expected that during July and August, 89 million trips will be carried out by road, which represents 4 million more movements by road (+ 4.6%) compared to the displacements that occurred last summer. This forecast places the number of journeys similar to those recorded in 2008. Of the 89 million forecast, 43.5 million will occur in July and 45.5 million in the month of August.

As has been happening for some years, many holidaymakers choose to break up their vacations over the course of the two months and start them by making them coincide with the weekend.

In line with this criterion, the DGT has set up special traffic controls during all weekends, in order to take care of the greater number of people who start their holidays on the weekend and who opt for the vehicle as a means of transport.

During the operations, special protocols will be adopted, including:-

 	Installation of reversible and additional lane with cones at times greater traffic intensity on certain roads.
 	The suspension of all roadway maintenance, except those which are considered essential.
 	Restrictions on the movements of dangerous goods (vehicle owners can check these restrictions with the DGT).
 	Signposting of alternative routes to key destinations to reduce congestion on main roads.
 	Intensified surveillance campaigns which will focus on reducing incidents involving the most vulnerable and those who create a higher risk.

During the first intensified campaign, motorcycles will be the main focus, this campaign will be on the 8th and 9th of July. Between the 17th and 23rs of July, the attention will turn to vehicle standards, ensuring the safety and maintenance of vehicles on the roads, especially older ones.

Around the weekend of the 15th of August, attention will focus on alcohol and drugs, as this coincides with an increase in the number of summer parties being held. Finally, during the week of the 21st of August, speed checks will increase.

In order to ensure the safe flow of traffic, approximately 20,000 people will be on duty, including 6,000 Guardia Civil traffic officers, assisted by 600 staff employed by the DGT directly, plus specialist technical personnel, employees of conservation companies and 13,000 emergency services personnel, all of whom will work together so that drivers can make a safe trip.

Tips for a safer summer

 	Plan the trip:  by the safest route to avoid unforeseen events. The DGT has several channels such as the DGT free app, the twitter accounts @informacionDGT and @DGTes, and radio broadcasts, alerting the real-time traffic situation and any incidents that may exist.
 	Check the vehicle. Good maintenance improves road safety. If your vehicle is not in the best conditions, opt for another means of transport. In the last year, 4% of the vehicles involved in an accident did not have an ITV in order.
 	Respect the speed established in each road and maintain the safety distance with the vehicle in front.
 	Take breaks every two hours, fatigue and sleep are deadly when driving.
 	Do not drink alcohol or use drugs when driving.
 	All occupants of the vehicle must wear a seat belt. If children are less than 135 cm tall, they must sit in the rear seats with their corresponding child restraint system.
 	On conventional roads, take into account the increase of bicycles and pedestrians during the summer that cross roads that connect nearby towns.
 	Adapt your driving to the characteristics of the road (changes of gradients, curves, narrow roadways etc.)
 	If you are a bicycle user, remember that in addition to wearing a helmet, you have to ride with lights and reflective garments at night, and must have a bell.
 	In the case of pedestrians, if you walk on roads out of town, remember that they must do so on the left, facing oncoming traffic, and if it is at night or in meteorological or environmental conditions that significantly reduce visibility, you should wear a high visibility vest or other reflective garment.

Traffic characteristics in the summer

 	Traffic in the summer presents characteristics different from those that occur at other times of the year this must be taken into account.
 	An increase in the number of long-distance journeys both on working days and especially on weekends.
 	Less congestion in the accesses to the big urban nuclei during the peak hours of working days in the entrance and exit to the places of work.
 	Higher density of traffic on secondary roads.
 	Intense traffic on roads that connect coastal towns and coastal tourist areas with the beaches during all days of the week.
 	Greater presence of cyclists and pedestrians on the road.
 	Increased circulation throughout the road network of foreign registered vehicles.
 	Increase in the number of sports activities used by the road for its development, for which complementary traffic measures will be adopted.
 	Increase in drivers in unfamiliar territory, who may change speed, course or direction without warning, on account of being confused by their surroundings.

Teams of people will be on the roads to help you. If you get into difficulty, you can call the Guardia Civil (in Spanish), on 062, or the emergency coordination centre, 112, who speak a variety of languages. Stay safe and enjoy your holiday.

### Half of Spaniards would ban smoking in cars

World No Tobacco Day was celebrated in May. The global event, promoted by the World Health Organisation, aims to highlight the health risks associated with smoking, and aims to offer assistance to those wishing to quit.



However, there is not only a direct risk to health caused by smoking, in the car, there is an additional danger, that of distractions and, although we have mentioned before that there is only a hypothetical risk of being fined for being distracted by smoking, the actual risk of something going wrong is far greater.

Smoking in cars is not currently banned in Spain, however, that said, it would appear that more than half of the Spanish population would support such a ban.

The information has come about following a survey conducted recently by the Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine, which was made public during this year´s campaign.

The survey shows that 51.6% of Spaniards would favour a ban in private vehicles, at least in the presence of minors, following the lead of countries such as the United Kingdom, France, Australia and South Africa, whereas another 38% believe that the ban on tobacco should be advanced even further.

Dangerous Distractions

During driving, smoking becomes a dangerous distraction. It has been estimated that lighting a cigarette causes us to withdraw our attention from the road for 4 seconds, which means that, driving on a motorway at 120 kilometres per hour, we have taken our eyes off the road for at least 132 meters.

Lighting a cigarette in the vehicle can cause the driver to drop a spark, potentially falling on the driver or the seats, causing alarm and a reaction that could turn your attention away from driving, and subsequently cause a more serious incident.

In addition, 3% of forest fires - 21,000 in the last ten years - have their ultimate origin in cigarette butts thrown or dumped from one of the millions of vehicles on the roads at this time of year. Despite declining numbers of smokers and public awareness of fires, it remains one of the gravest dangers to forests, fields and wildlife. To the extent that this behaviour (throwing objects from cars in motion, including cigarette butts) is punished with a fine of 200 euro and the withdrawal of 4 points of driving license.

### Naked Man Arrested for Damaging Vehicles

Local Police from Elche have arrested a man in the town of El Altet, suspected of being responsible for damaging around a dozen parked cars on Saturday night, whilst in a naked state.

Local Police were alerted by neighbours reporting a naked man in the street who had "begun to smash the windows and mirrors of several parked vehicles".

Officers were sent to the scene and identified a number of vehicles which had suffered apparently recent damage, or varying degree.

The officers then began searching the local area and found a suspect in the vicinity of calle Goleta, matching the description of the alleged perpetrator, in so much as he was "completely naked", according to the officers.

Once identified, the suspect admitted to "spontaneously" being responsible for the damage, and so he was arrested and taken into custody.

### If you feel unsafe driving at night, you might be suffering from night blindness

Driving at night can be a daunting concept for many people, with reduced visibility and a complete change in the special awareness required to operate a vehicle safely, many people simply choose to avoid night driving as they feel so insecure. However, many of those people who do feel uncomfortable or unsafe may actually be suffering from a condition recognised by the medical community: Night Blindness.



We must first point out that your eyes should be checked, and rectified if necessary, on a regular basis. As we get older, our eyesight can deteriorate, and the subtle changes that occur may not be noticeable, we might not actually realise that our vision is so impaired. Regular checks are the only safe way of ensuring this.

In addition, if you do feel like you might suffer from any of the symptoms we are about to mention, you must visit a qualified optician, we are simply offering an overview of one of many hidden vision problems.

We must realise that it is normal for us to feel different driving at night, and that does not mean we have night blindness. In low light conditions, the levels of visual acuity decrease in part because, on the one hand, there is a central area in the field of vision that is less clear (that is why we will see objects moving more clearly than static objects), and on the other, because the colour vision is reduced and we see practically only in white, black and grey shades.

When we talk about night blindness, we are not talking about losing the vision completely, but about the special difficulty that many people have to see at night. This difficulty is also often aggravated during alternating situations of high and low luminosity, such as driving in and out of tunnels for example. These people find it harder to adjust to light when they leave dark environments or darkness when they come from more enlightened environments. That is why one of the greatest difficulties of those who suffer when driving at night is to focus with the intermittent light of car headlights and street lamps.

Night blindness is not a disease or deficiency in itself, but may be a symptom of other ailments. One of the most frequent reasons is myopia and, to a lesser extent, farsightedness. In the human eye, those in charge of the vision in conditions of low luminosity are cells of the retina that, if there is any disease or eye problem, will have difficulty to offer a vision of quality.

At the same sense, nocturnal blindness may also occur in the presence of other eye problems such as cataracts or glaucoma; or not ocular, such as diabetes or diseases of the liver or pancreas. In these latter cases it is the inability to absorb large amounts of vitamin A which can produce night blindness, since it is the one that intervenes in the transformation of the nerve impulses in images in the retina.

How to prevent or cure night blindness

One of the most recommended methods to avoid nocturnal amblyopia is to eat foods high in vitamin A, such as carrots, melons or squash. Although it is generally highly recommended to maintain a healthy diet high in antioxidants and minerals to prevent diabetes or cataracts, other causes of night blindness.

However, once this occurs, the treatment will depend solely on the reason that causes it. In the case of eye defects, night blindness could be eliminated or mitigated by the operation of the condition (such as cataracts) with the use of spectacles with greater negative power (in the case of myopia) or positive (for hyperopia).

If you do feel like you may have a condition like this, remember, as we have said, go to your optician or doctor immediately for advice.

### How the Driving Test has Evolved over Time

Most teenagers look forward to the day when they pass their driving test and are then able to take to the open road with mobility, but before obtaining that freedom, they first have to face the arduous task of learning to drive, and then passing the examinations.



Unlike other countries, Spain does not permit novice drivers to learn to drive with parents, or friends, all driving lessons for learners must be carried out through an approved driving school, and with approved instructors.

The method of training is often somewhat different to the UK, for example, with the instructor often taking a number of students out at once, with them sharing the driving time, whilst the rest learn through observation.

The test itself is no less daunting however, with long waiting lists due to a shortage of examiners, a recent proposal was to ask Guardia Civil traffic officers to conduct examinations in order to reduce the backlog. Although this has still not happened, the thought of a young learner having a traffic cop sat alongside them may not be the part they would look forward to most.

The test, or tests, as they comprise of theory and practical elements, have changed over time in Spain too, and they continue to evolve with changes which present themselves in this fast-growing modern, technology-driven world.

We have seen in a previous edition of N332 Roadwatch how experts believe that babies born today may never have to pass a test, as the technology is making self-driving vehicles a reality on the roads of the future. We have also seen how the driving test in the UK has changed, with less emphasis on learning manoeuvres, and more of a focus on so called “free driving”, including using the GPS. Spain, is set to embark on similar changes in the future too.

If you ask any adolescent you want to do at the age of 18, apart from many things your parents will not want to hear, they will tell you that they want to get a driver's license. The perhaps most tedious part of the driving test, but certainly very necessary is the theoretical one, which we forget easily on the road but which is essential to maintain road safety .

In Spain, only a few years ago the system was simple, you found a driving school, obtained the books with all the necessary theoretical driving rules that you should learn, and either went to classes, or studied and practiced on your own. Once you had studied to a confident level, you sat an exam consisting of 40 questions, from which you were allowed to fail on 3. With the passage of time, the number of questions was reduced to 30 and with just 2 wrong answers allowed. The biggest problem that the concept of road safety met with was that the questions and options were considerably reduced, thus, many people managed to pass the test by simply learning these answers, without any understanding of the reasons behind them.

On the 21st of January, 2013 a new type of driving test was introduced, or rather its variation. It had a much broader database and the total number of questions were 15,500, which made it almost impossible to memorise. They were also preferably made available in computer format.

But the changes did not only arise in the theoretical part but also in the practical elements. From that moment on, before driving, the examiner would ask students to perform some basic mechanical checks, such as checking the fluid level, the correct tyre pressure, etc. Things we should all know.

In the current legislature, the DGT has proposed new changes for the driving test. One of them is to include videos in the theoretical exam that represent situations of risk in driving. In the videos, the student would be faced with having to choose such things as priorities, and thus theoretically, it will be possible to assess if that person is really prepared to go out on the road with a vehicle.

Many young people make the mistake that driving is easy and that it is their right to be allowed to do so. Just having an idea of how a vehicle moves, or even knowing the rules of the road, does not necessarily prepare you for the real-life situations that drivers face on a daily basis.

The paper-based test will be phased out, replaced by an entirely computer-based system, thus preventing cheating, which has arisen on numerous occasions, and ensures a better level of knowledge in order to understand the questions.

The practical test in Spain is also set to include more “free-driving” time, allowing the examiner to see how the student reacts to situations beyond what they may have practised by rote. Using the GPS safely is also set to be included, thus offering real driving scenarios to the driver, and adding the extra element of training and examination as to when it is safe to use devices in the car.

What do you think of these changes, would you include others? Send your comment to news@n332.es and we will publish some of your thoughts in the future.

 

### Increase in Alcohol and Drugs Checkpoints

The DGT has announced an increase in alcohol and drug checkpoints this weekend, especially on conventional roads and those with a high incident rate.



The move is partly due to an increase in alcohol and drug-related driving incidents at weekend, highlighted by the 21 cyclists that have lost their lives on the roads so far this year, as a result of collisions with drivers under the influence.

This is also the first holiday weekend of the summer season and coincides with bonfire and firework parties on the beaches of the Valencia region in recognition of the Fiesta de San Juan, and midsummer night.

The increase in checkpoints will be all around the country, and the Guardia Civil will be supported by colleagues from the regional and local police, who will also have checkpoints on regional and municipal roads.

According to the general director of Traffic, Gregorio Serrano, “preventive controls are a must to try to get the message to all drivers who get behind the wheel having consumed some type of psychoactive substance, because not only is there an increased risk of incident, but also mortality and harmfulness of injuries are higher in people who have ingested alcohol and other drugs.”

The DGT points out that 25% of road deaths in Europe are related to alcohol and that 12 of every 100 drivers on the roads have consumed drugs and/or alcohol. In 2016, more than 100,000 drivers tested positive for alcohol and other drugs on intercity roads, figures which must be added to the controls by the various local and regional police forces.

According to the annual report of the National Institute of Toxicology, 43% of those who had died on the roads had alcohol or drugs present in their blood. For pedestrians, this percentage is 46%.

### Stricter ITV controls from 2018

The mandatory vehicle safety vest, the Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, or ITV, the Spanish equivalent to the MOT, will become much stricter from 2018, especially in elements relating to pollutant emissions, the devices intended to reduce them and also a large part of the security systems that are shipped and are controlled electronically.



The process started almost three years ago with the publication of the European directive 2014/45/UE, which the Spanish Government hopes to have transposed into legislation, via Royal Decree, before this summer, but it has been accelerated and reinforced as a result of the so-called “dieselgate”, the scandal surrounding Volkswagen, and the doubts that have awakened in the behaviour of other manufacturers.

It is because of the weaknesses in the approval procedures that have been demonstrated that periodic inspections such as those of the ITV are clearly insufficient. Regulated by European and national regulations in the case of diesel cars, for example, today only the opacity of smoke is measured. Also, current controls “do not allow a sufficiently efficient control of Euro 5 and Euro 6 vehicles”, as noted by CITA experts, an international working group that works on improving vehicle inspections, confirmed by the Spanish association Aeca-ITV, the DGT and industry experts.

Although the changes still have to overcome pitfalls, for example, when it was published three years ago, the 2014/45/EU directive said nothing about the control of NOx emitted by cars, now in the eye of the hurricane. Because it was the cause of the engine cracking and because, unlike CO2, it directly damages the health of people.

This has forced CITA to develop its own protocol to adequately measure the NOx, as well as detect possible fraud or manipulation. Among them, Luis Gutiérrez, president of Acea-ITV, points out cases in which, “there have been users who have emptied particle filters or manipulated the EGR valves because their maintenance is expensive and, limiting or impeding their operation, they increase the benefits of the vehicle”. In return they become much dirtier, of course.

Field tests are expected to be completed by July and at the end of the year, ready for delivery, along with a manual with the maximum NOx limits, the protocol for its measurement and the procedures to verify that the anti-pollution devices have not been manipulated.

Given that the time that the European Commission would take to incorporate these changes is difficult to estimate, in Spain the goal of Industry is to “incorporate it as soon as possible”, according to Gutiérrez, “because although high NOx limits are now set to drive out the big polluters.”

This would allow its application throughout 2018, when numerous security systems under electronic control will be reviewed, such as the stability program, the airbags or the seatbelt pre-tensioners.

Although there is also a problem. For these inspections to make sense, manufacturers must allow access to the vehicle's switchboard and share information about those systems. Even charging an amount for it, an issue that would be discussed, but the president of Aeca-ITV qualifies it as “Kafkaesque” as they are mandatory security systems.

Would the above raise an increase in fees for passing ITV? “If we have to pay for the data, you will have to pay for the data, it depends on the model that the ITV station operates in. If it is in a liberalized environment, it is easier for the overhead to be transferred to the user. Where the Administration fixes the tariffs it is more difficult but, then, it would have to compensate the concessionaire”.

### Male drivers - Double the risk at the wheel than women

A combined report between the Fundación Eduardo Barreiros y la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) has concluded that men, behind the wheel, are double the risk than women.



The report presented an investigation on the differences in accidents and incidents involving men and women in Spain, and was based on comparable ratios of the proportionality of the census of drivers, and based on the total population (using DGT and INE data).

Blanca Arenas, coordinator and co-author of the study, explained that for the preparation of the report, 200,000 claims produced over ten years have been analysed, revealing very significant differences in driving between men and women.

“Women respect the norm more, do not assume as many risky behaviours as men, and that translates into fewer accidents and fewer victims,” says Arenas. They, therefore, the mortality rate per million drivers is more than twice as high in men as in women. In addition, the injury caused by an accident involving one or two male drivers is also double. Men are also attributed to 44.5% more serious injuries.

The most frequent types of accidents in males are the knocking down, rollovers and frontal collisions, caused by hasty acceleration and lack of patience, enthused by speed. In women, distraction and not allowing a safety distance are the more common. However, despite men taking more risks, they also perceive dangerous situations better.

In general, they are in breach of speed limits and often permitted alcohol and drug rates. They are the ones who incur the most in voluntary imprudence. In the case of consumption of alcohol and / or narcotics, they even increase the risk fivefold over that posed by women.

During the presentation of the report, Mariluz Barreiros, president of the Fundación Eduardo Barreiros, stressed that “our country has experienced a remarkable advance in road safety in recent years, but it is essential to continue to understand why accidents occur and how they can be prevented”.

Ana Pastor, president of the Congress of the Deputies affirmed that “it is important to put in value this study to disassemble many topics that are in our country”.

### Hit and Run Driver who left Cyclist for Dead Caught

A cyclist was seriously injured on Sunday morning when a car collided with the bike on the road between Guardamar and Rojales.

The driver of the car failed to stop and fled the scene, leaving the cyclist in a seriously injured state on the road.

Officers from the Guardia Civil launched a search and spent all day on Sunday trying to locate the driver and the vehicle.

On Sunday evening, that search proved successful, when officers located the driver who is currently spending the night in the cells in Torrevieja, whilst the cyclist is seriously ill in hospital.

The driver will be brought before the courts on Monday morning.

### Getting Fined Without Moving

Excessive speed or driving whilst using a mobile phone are two of the most common causes for which you can receive a traffic sanction, but it is also possible to be fined without your vehicle moving, and not only for parking where you shouldn´t.



Many drivers seem oblivious to the fact that you can be fined for washing your car in the street, or for carrying out repairs. Although the fines are largely symbolic, depending on the municipality, they exist none the less. Water, oil, other deposits can interfere with the road surface and can become a risk. There are also environmental concerns over the disposal of waste, such as water, or other fluids. Car wash facilities have complex recycling and drainage systems so as to minimise waste of the precious commodity of water.

Not having a clean car can result in a fine. Even if the vehicle isn´t going to move, the lights and reflectors, and the number plates must be kept clear, if the vehicle is moving, so must the windows.

Having a number plate in a poor condition, whether you drive or not, can result in a fine of 80 euro. If the vehicle is permitted on the road, the number plate must be clear.

There are a number of fines possible at the fuel filling station, some of these posing a serious risk, but some less obvious than others. You must not smoke when refuelling, or light incendiaries such as matches. However, you are not permitted to refuel with your lights on, or the engine running, nor are you allowed to use your mobile phone or have the radio on. Any of these activities can lead to a 200 euro fine and the loss of 3 points. It´s also never a good idea to leave the keys in the ignition, although this is mostly for your own security.

If you have moved house and you have not notified the DGT of your new address, you can also receive a sanction. It is a simple process to perform and free, so it is worth notifying them as soon as possible.

These are just a few of the fines you can face without moving, there are many more, including not wearing a high visibility vest if you leave your vehicle in an emergency, not placing warning triangles, or in the wrong place, creating excessive noise or disturbances, using the horn inappropriately, the list goes on, but all of these fines are for one common goal, and that is to improve safety.

### Passenger Alcohol Tests - The Myth

Debunking the Myths - “Passengers will be required to pass a breath test”?

A recent story has been doing the rounds on the internet over changes to the law which will come into force in July, whereas a second person in a vehicle must be able to pass an alcohol test, not only the driver.



The article, translated from Spanish, states, “A new measure proposed by the Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) will also force drivers and accompanying drivers to blow in the BAC test.

“According to the DGT it is good that even if the driver has not drunk there is another person free of alcohol inside the vehicle in case the driver could feel indisposed during the trip. For drivers traveling alone, this will not be taken into account, but those who are accompanied must pass the alcohol test so that at least one of the companions can count as an alternative driver. ‘We believe it is the safest way to drive, nobody knows if the driver can pass something during the trip and it is good that there is always a copilot available,’ explains Alberto Bermúdez, communication director of the DGT.

“The new measure will be launched starting next July 1 in order that this summer we can have safer roads in our country.

However, the actual proposal is in the event of a driver being stopped and failing an alcohol test. In the event of a group in the vehicle wishing to continue their journey, then the next appointed driver at the scene must prove their sobriety before continuing, as well as having all of the appropriate documentation and qualifications to drive the vehicle.

If a group of people are in a vehicle, only the driver must remain below the maximum permitted limit, although the passengers, however much they have consumed, are still required to act in a safe and appropriate manner in the vehicle, although they cannot be called upon to take over the role of driver.

If your driver is drunk and you don´t want to or can´t take over driving, or if the passengers have all been drinking alcohol and therefore incapable of taking over the drive, you will have to find alternative transport, or walk.

Under normal circumstances, passengers will not have to submit to an alcohol test.

### Dogs Locked in Cars – Fake Reports

The time of year is fast approaching when it is all too common for dogs to be left in cars. The warnings over the dangers of this are heard by most, but there are still the odd one or two people who seem ignorant, if not oblivious to the risk posed if dogs are left in vehicles.



However, on this occasion, we are not going to talk about the problems that the animals suffer, but rather the issues which a would-be saviour might face if they try to act to take unilateral action.

For a number of years a story has grown virally through social media reporting that if you see an animal locked inside a vehicle you are legally allowed to break a window in order to rescue it. The reports often also state that if you take pictures or videos of the incident, they will serve as evidence of your actions and will mitigate any offence you may have committed in the act. Many of the fake reports even quote the legal text which you can use as part of your evidence.



These articles and promises, in whatever form they take, are not true. The only legally permitted course of action if you see a dog in such a state is to call for assistance from the police or Guardia Civil.

Summon the nearest or fastest possible assistance, whether that be local police who may be on hand nearby, calling 091 or 062 if you speak Spanish, or the emergency coordination centre on 112, where operators speak multiple languages, but under no circumstances should you put yourself at risk of prosecution by taking the advice shared through these erroneous social media posts.

### Pedestrian Lights – 2017 Style

We are hopefully all aware of pedestrian crossings and the signs and signals used to indicate how we interact with these locations, red and green men, traffic lights, even belisha beacons, but as the world around us changes, so does the need to adapt signs and signals in order for them to be noticed.



The image of a sulky teen with their head bowed down reading their mobile might be an easy one for our mind to conjure up, but as social media, messaging, live news, updates and our digital assistants follow us in our pocket devices, it is becoming more common for our phones to serve as a greater distraction as we walk down the street.
In cities like Murcia, and many others, signs have been painted on the pavement warning pedestrians to be more alert, often accompanied in areas with tactile paving, ribbed tiles designed to help those with visual impairment, now helping those who choose to not look ahead.

Now, in the city of Bodegraven-Reeuwijk in the west of the Netherlands, a city with a population of 32,000 inhabitants, a new type of light alert has been installed to prevent mobile phone distractions. It is called, “+Lichtlijn”.

The new system has been located at a pedestrian crossing at an intersection near several schools. It consists of a line of light integrated into the sidewalk that changes from red to green, synchronised with the main traffic light, and is visible by pedestrians looking at their mobile phones.

“People are increasingly distracted by their mobile phones. We cannot oppose this fashion, but we can anticipate it,” said Kees Oskam, councillor for Bodebraven-Reeuwijk City Council.

The “+Lichtlijn” project is currently being tested and could be used in other Dutch municipalities in order to further prove its effectiveness.

What do you think? Is this a good development? Let us know your thoughts by emailing news@n332.es

### Officer Injured Stopping Car Theft

An officer from Elche´s local police has been injured whilst trying to stop a thief who was apparently in the process of stealing a car in the Los Palmerales area.



Police said in a statement that the incident occurred on Tuesday afternoon when officers were alerted to the presence of an individual who was apparently trying to steal a car parked on Calle Olmo.

Upon arriving at the scene, the officers identified the person and proceeded to stop him while entering a red Seat Leon car. One of the policemen stood by the car to try to stop him and prevent his escape, but ignoring the indications, the suspect ran over the officer, knocking him off his motorbike.

The individual attempted to flee and, when his career was his escape was blocked by other police units of the Territorial Support Group, he stopped and “initiated a dangerous reversing manoeuvre”.

In doing so, he collided with a parked car and other police patrols that had closed in on him and drove over the officer who was still lay on the ground injured.

Several officers ran to the vehicle and overpowered the driver, arresting him. The man, who was not a resident of Elche, is known to have “numerous criminal records”.

The car he was driving was stolen and had false number plates belonging to a different car. In addition, there was a mobile phone that was known to be stolen and other objects, apparently also as a result of theft, such as a television, foreign currency, watches, jewellery, four radio cassettes, car keys and remote controls.

The officer suffered serious bruises and cuts, although luckily no fracture occurred, and after being treated at IMED hospital in Torrellano, was discharged, although he will remain off work for a while.

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 7

Issue 7 of N332 RoadWatch is now available. You can read the eMagazine for FREE below, or you can purchase and download your own PDF version and support the N332 Road Safety Project.


Buy PDF and Support the project

This is what is in this edition...
Welcome to the latest edition of N332 RoadWatch eMagazine.

As we move into June, we move into the start of summer. Children will soon be finishing school until September, which does lead to a reduction in morning and afternoon traffic, but also leads to an increased risk as children become free to explore, play and learn on their own, often finding themselves too close to the roads.

Vulnerable road users are the main topic for this issue, primarily looking at cyclists. We have had a number of tragedies recently, with cyclists killed on the roads. In one case, a drunk driver was responsible for killing three people, and seriously injuring others. In fact, two of those injured remain under medical care, only recently managing to leave intensive care, weeks after the incident.

We look at cyclists in some detail this issue, however, we must not only look at protecting them, but also at them protecting themselves, exercising respect for the laws that they not only command, but deserve.

There is lots more inside this issue which we hope you will find lots of interest, check out the contents list on the right, and remember to keep checking the website, n332.es, for more.
You can read this edition for FREE here, or look below to purchase and download your own PDF version and support the N332 Road Safety Project.




Contents

4 Male drivers - Double the risk at the wheel than women

5 A Taxi Fit for a King

6 Crime Figures Down

6 Odd Road News

8 Debunking the Myths - Drunk Passengers

9 Dogs Locked in Cars - The Truth

10 Stricter ITV Controls from 2018

12 How the Driving Test has Evolved over Time

14 If you feel unsafe driving at night, you might be suffering from night blindness

16 Obtaining a Duplicate Driving Licence and Official Guide

18 Road Traffic May be Affected Following Alicante-Elche Airport Crash Simulation

20 Light Cleaning

22 Sharing the Road, Respect and Responsibility

26 Getting Fined Without Moving

28 Choosing a Crash Helmet

30 Pedestrian Lights - 2017 Style

32 The Gallery

34 Half of Spaniards would Ban Smoking in Cars

36 Citroën C4 is May´s Top Seller


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### Guardia Civil Officers in Distraction Near Miss

Two officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department managed to jump for their lives when a distracted articulated truck failed to see their car on the hard shoulder.



The officers were assisting another vehicle which had got into difficulty and had stopped their marked patrol car on the hard shoulder with emergency lights illuminated.

The truck driver apparently failed to see their vehicle and scraped along the side at such force that the airbags deployed.

It was as much luck as skill that the officers managed to jump out of the way from what could so easily have been a catastrophic incident.

### Rojales Pirate Taxi Seized

A driver from the Alicante town of Rojales has been issued with a 4,001 euro fine, and had his minibus seized and immobilised by the police, after a complaint that the vehicle was being used conducting the unauthorised and illegal carriage of passengers in exchange for money or goods, in other words, as a pirate taxi.

The driver has been fined for not holding a taxi licence, or a contract of work, amongst other offences, following a complaint from legal and registered taxi drivers over intrusions from the private sector which are not only damaging their income, but are also putting the lives of other road users at severe risk.

The complaint arose after a legal taxi was booked to carry out a journey from Alicante-Elche airport to the Rojales area. Two days later, the booking was cancelled, which led the official taxi driver to become suspicious. Calculating the approximate arrival of the family at the residency, the taxi driver decided to carry out surveillance on the home and await the potential arrival of his cancelled fare.

The surveillance paid off as the taxi driver witnessed a vehicle approach the property, displaying images of a suspected fake transport company owned by a private individual.

As a result of the report, the local police requested to see the documentation relating to the vehicle and the company, discovering that the vehicle was not a licenced taxi, nor does the driver have a work contract of any form, or a rental contract for the property he allegedly claimed to be renting to the passengers he was transporting.



Pursuant to Article 10.1 of the Reglamento de la Ley de Ordenación de los Transportes (ROTT), the vehicle was immobilised and transported by a tow truck to be made available to the Ministry of Transport until the owner of the vehicle can fully present the required documentation.

You don´t have to be so blatant as to pretend to pass off as a legal transport vehicle to fall foul of the law. Just doing an "airport run" in exchange for money, even if it´s just for petrol, still constitutes operating as a pirate taxi.

Legal taxis have to undergo more stringent vehicle testing than normal cars, and the drivers have to be licenced and approved and are monitored for consistency in service delivery, all of which requires them to pay a substantial fee to hold the rights to carry passengers for money.

The collaboration of the police and the taxi drivers is helping to fight against this intrusion in the sector. With the implementation of the new law that immobilises vehicles, something which until now was not possible, allows the police to ensure that all relevant safety and documentation compliances are in place before the vehicle is permitted back on the road.

### Drainage Improvement Works on the N-332 at La Mata

Torrevieja´s local government has been informed that the Ministry of Public Works has begun the execution of the drainage works of the N-332 Road at La Mata, where it joins with Avenida de los Europeos, to try to avoid continual flooding in the area during heavy rains.



The work consists of excavations at the exit of the currently existing drainage works, to improve its functionality. With this work it is possible that a municipal plot will be temporarily affected in which the land extracted from the excavation will be deposited, if necessary.

This action has been considered an emergency by the State Roads Demarcation in the Valencian Community and consists of the “adequacy, repair and improvement of the drainage system at N-332 kilometre PK 63”.

### Ten Times Over Limit Truck Driver Stopped

Officers from the Guardia Civil Trafico in Pontevedra intercepted a 44-year old truck driver from Redondela on the A-52 motorway, who registered at 10 times over the legal maximum permitted limit of alcohol for a professional driver of this type of vehicle.



The incident occurred on Tuesday, at around 18:00, when officers received an alert of an articulated truck driving erratically on the A-52, and so that patrols were dispatched from the Porriño based where they followed the truck before intercepting it at kilometre 292.

The driver, who showed obvious symptoms of intoxication, underwent a breath test, in which he gave a positive reading of 1.69 and 1.63 mg / l, which is ten times the limit allowed for this type of profession.

The Guardia Civil point out that this is “the highest rate detected in Galicia in recent years,” and is to inducing ethyl coma and progressive unconsciousness.

As a result, the truck, with which he intended to travel to France, was impounded, and judicial proceedings were instituted for a crime against road safety, with a prison sentence of between 3 and 6 months, a significant fine or community service being the likely outcome, plus the loss of licence for, and subsequently his profession, for between 1 and 4 years.

The man, who was disoriented, was picked up by his family at the police station.

### Taxi Protest will Reach Orihuela Costa on Tuesday

Taxi drivers and their associations across Spain have been protesting over developments which they feel significantly harms their business, and those protest have been spreading across Spain, and will be supported by taxi drivers on the Orihuela Costa on Tuesday.



Not only are taxi drivers facing damage to their business by the number of unlicensed, private vehicles operating as taxis on frequent “airport runs”, they are also facing the impact of a growing number of private rental vehicles, vehículos con conductor or VTC.

The associations are demanding that the licencing sector comply with the agreement of 1 licenced VTC for every 30 licenced taxis, as listed in the Transportation Act of 1987. In certain locations, the ratio has increased to 1 VTC for every 7 taxis, and increasing.

In Madrid, in the most recent protest, about a thousand taxi drivers demonstrated in front of the headquarters of the Ministry of Public Works to demand that the government “complies with the law.”

The participants completed a journey between the Ministry of Transport and the Ministry of Public Works in about two hours, a procession which required the intervention of the National Police as the protest escalated.

In Barcelona, there was a strike for four hours, which also concluded with most of the associations of taxi drivers convening in rally in Plaza Catalunya.

There have also been protests in other places in Spain, such as San Sebastian, where 700 taxi drivers supported the strike. In Santander, about 300 taxi drivers cut off traffic by parking their vehicles on the two lanes of Calle Calvo Sotelo, which houses the headquarters of the Government Delegation in Cantabria.

The employers in the VTC sector, Unauto, have criticised the accusations of “intrusiveness” and “unfair competition”, as, unlike the pirate taxis, they are licenced by the autonomous communities and the operation is totally regulated and considered, like the taxi, as a public service by the regulations, although those regulations are the ones which dictate the 1 to 30 ratio which is being ignored.

Now, the campaign and campaign is extending even further, with the next main protest scheduled for Tuesday, the 30th of May, in most major cities around Spain, with a centralised protest once again in Madrid.



This time, the Orihuela Costa taxi association will also be joining in the protest, with a gathering outside the Zenia Boulevard shopping centre. The president of the association will drive to Madrid to join the main protest, but the rest of the association’s drivers will position themselves at the shopping centre from noon, and will not move for the next two hours.

Although the protest will mean that there will be no taxis available during the protest, the drivers have agreed that they will still respond to emergencies, if needed.

On Tuesday, there are likely to be major problems on the roads as the taxi drivers carrying out various activities to raise awareness of the message of their campaign, which is simply that they want the government to comply with the law in the same way that they must, albeit at a huge expense when it comes to their licences, vehicle maintenance and inspection regime.

### Do We Have to Wear a Hat?

This week, we received a question from Costa Blanca People reader, John Bevan, from Quesada.

John asked, “Is it true that drivers of open top cars must wear some sort of hat to protect them from the intense rays of the sun?”



The answer is, according to law, no, you don´t. In fact, there is a chance that wearing a hat would prove dangerous as if it is not worn correctly, the wind could catch it, and blow the hat away and this could then become a potential hazard to other road users, especially the most vulnerable such as cyclists. However, the likelihood of this happening is slim, it is still a potential risk.

Of course not talking legally, it does make sense to wear a hat in order to protect yourself from the sun and its damaging rays as you say, but it is not a legal requirement.

The question does open up other points for comment, however, regarding open top cars. As much as possible, the manufacturers of these vehicles design them to be as safe as cars with full roofs. They are often fitted with strengthened supports around the windscreen for example, and roll bars, although these are not often as clearly identifiable as those fitted in rally cars, for example, in commercially available vehicles they are often integral to the structure.

So long as we are positioned correctly, sat down, wearing our seatbelt in the correct manner, open top cars are usually perfectly safe. Like all vehicles, It is when we don´t follow the design and safety guidelines when things go wrong.

Sometimes, vehicle occupants are seen with their hands held up or out of the cars, on a rare occasion even standing. Only recently, a vehicle was observed driving along the N-332 with the passenger standing up. This was not an open top car but it had a sunroof. We don´t need to be so graphic as to describe the likely outcome if that vehicle was involved in a collision of some form. You must keep your extremities, arms, legs etc., well within the confines of the vehicle for the roll bars to provide protection.

On the subject of legs, it is an increasingly common sight to see passengers with their legs up and feet on the dashboard. This also occurs in all types of vehicles and seems to increase with the summer months. It is an extremely dangerous practice. It is also illegal. The legs and feet can obscure the driver´s view, but worse than that, in the event of a collision there are two very common injuries, both of which often result in such serious injuries, amputation is common.

In the event of a collision, the airbags are normally deployed. If a passenger´s legs are over these airbags they will feel the full force of that deployment, which normally results in fractures to the legs, sometimes pelvic damage. If airbags do not deploy it is easy for the body to be thrown forward, underneath the seatbelt, an action known as submarining. This forces the body, feet first, like a torpedo through the windscreen, resulting in severe lacerations, often accompanied by fractures.



The only safe way to sit in any vehicle is within the design of the seat, with seatbelt securely fastened. You can read more about this on the n332.es website where we have a number of articles explaining in more detail.

### Study Called for N-332 Road to be Buried

A local councillor representing the socialist PSOE party in Orihuela, María García, has announced that her group will table a motion to the local government´s monthly meeting in May, to propose that the Ministry of Public Works studies the possibility of partially or totally diverting sections of the N-332, as it passes through eastern coast, through a series of underground tunnels.



García has noted that in recent years there have been numerous victims of road traffic incidents in the area, many of which have been fatal, “not only in Orihuela, but also Gata de Gorgos, Benissa and Santa Pola, where similar motions to improve road safety and alleviate the acoustic and traffic problems of this road have already been tabled.”

The councillor has stated that it is time to claim investments for Orihuela, “proposing the solution that has long been proposed in various forums: the total or partial burial of the N-332 as it passes through the Oriol coast”, in such a way as to, “allow transverse permeability between residential areas and mitigate the security problems that exist today."

The N-332 as it passes through Orihuela has already undergone a major transformation, through a huge investment, to make the road two-lanes in each direction, although many areas are still lacking adequate crossing points for pedestrians. In neighbouring Torrevieja, the road is still a single lane and causes major delays at peak times due to the volume of traffic. For over a decade this section had supposed to have been widened, but largely political failings have led to that, so far, never materialising.

Update: In the plenary meeting held on the 25th of May, all political groups, with the exception of the PSOE, opposed the application for any kind of review or study in relation to this. As the PSOE do not have a majority in the council, the notion was rejected.

### Octogenarian Killed after Road Rage Incident

An elderly man from Torrejón de Ardoz (Madrid) has dies following an apparent road-rage incident.



The man, an 81-year-old local resident, who walked with a stick, was said to have been preparing to cross the road at a pedestrian crossing on avenida de Los Fresnos, after collecting medication from a pharmacy.

According to witnesses, a car approached the crossing at “high speed” and the octogenarian verbally reprimanded the driver for going so fast.

The driver got out of his car and punched the pensioner in the face. The elderly man fell backwards to the ground, falling on his back and hitting his neck and head on the ground.

The attacker, said to be male and approximately 25 years of age, returned to his vehicle, in which a female passenger was waiting, and drove off.

Several witnesses recorded the vehicle registration and vehicle type, and one witness managed to video the incident.

When the emergency services arrived, the victim was still lay on the zebra crossing, where he fell, having suffered an apparent cardiac arrest. Medics attempted to revive the man but could do nothing to save his life.

The investigation into the incident was handed over to the judicial police. At 18:00 on the same day, a suspect was in custody.

### Dear diary… Test Passed… Licence Lost…

The eager celebrations of a young man from Valladolid were short lived on Wednesday after his near-perfect driving test concluded with him losing his licence on the same day.



Having successfully completed his driving test shortly after noon, with congratulations from the instructor over his performance in the test, the next step is to wait until the licence is issued and sent to the successful applicant, normally a few days later.

However, our excited new driver didn´t want to wait and decided to go for a celebratory drive with his friends that afternoon.

The vehicle was stopped at a routine checkpoint, where the driver was asked to produce his documents. “Listen, officer, which I approved this morning”, he said, “I behaved perfectly, they even congratulated me”, was the convincing tale he told the officer, however, driving without being in possession of your licence is an offence, and so the young man was issued a fine and had his licence withdrawn before he´s even received it.

### Cop Killing Drunk Driver Remanded in Custody

The drunk driver who knocked down and killed a police officer at an alcohol checkpoint has been remanded in custody, without bail, by the judge.



Hansjörg Rohrbach, a Swizz national, is facing charges of involuntary manslaughter for fatally hitting officer José Luis Garea, who was performing a blood alcohol test on another driver with colleagues and a Guardia Civil patrol in Carballo (A Coruña) .

Rohrbach ran over the officer early on Saturday morning in his van when he failed to stop at a checkpoint. Tests conducted after the incident revealed that he exceeded the allowed alcohol rate, with concentrations of 0.91 and 0.94 milligrams per litre of exhaled air.

Rohrbach had already lost his licence two years ago after being caught with excessive alcohol in his system whilst driving. After court, his lawyer said that he was "sorry" for how things happened and offered his condolences to the family of the officer he killed.

With an apparent increase in habitual offenders taking to the road, the DGT has already announced a strategy to deal with those involved in multiple occurrences of drink or drug driving.

### Coach Driver Arrested Six Times over the Limit

Officers from the Guardia Civil in the Region of Murcia have intercepted and detained a coach driver who was carrying 40 passengers whilst sit times over the maximum permitted alcohol limit.



The incident occurred at around 17:30 on Wednesday when the Guardia Civil operations centre was alerted by a service station employee in the Jumilla municipality over suspicions that the driver was displaying signs of intoxication.

A traffic patrol was dispatched to intercept the vehicle as it headed towards Alicante. In order to minimise the risk to the passengers and other road users the officers stopped the coach in the La Paz service station on the A-7, located in Sangonera la Seca.

Once the vehicle was safely off the off the road the driver was subjected to a mandatory alcohol test in which he yielded a positive result of 1.02 and 0.99 milligrams of alcohol per litre of exhaled air, six times the maximum rate permitted in the case of professional drivers, which is 0.15 mg / litre.

The driver, who was carrying 40 Chinese tourists from Granada to Valencia, was arrested for an alleged crime of driving under the influence of alcohol and exceeding the established rates, and was brought before the courts in Murcia, where he faces a prison sentence of between 6 to 12 months, community service between 31 and 90 days, a fine and the termination of his licence for up to 4 years.

The officers praised the actions of the service station employee in reporting the suspicions to them, and appeal to all citizens to exercise a civil conscience and, without hesitation, contact the Guardia Civil on 062 (in Spanish) or the emergency coordination centre on 112 (other languages) to report suspicious drivers who may have consumed excessive alcohol or drugs.

### Alicante Bike Thieves Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil in San Juan, Alicante, have arrested five men for allegedly stealing bicycles from local residents and delivering them to a distributor for shipment on the ferry to Algeria.



Those arrested established a surveillance network and storage rooms in garages in order to commit the thefts, as reported by the Guardia Civil in a statement. Specifically, the suspects watched several parts of the town and its surroundings, including the city of Alicante, and took note of cyclists who rode a bicycle of acceptable quality, then followed them.

When the thieves discovered where the cyclists lived, they continued their surveillance to ascertain patterns of movement in order to choose the right moment to enter the property and steal the bikes.

First they forcibly enter storage rooms or garages, and once they had the bike in their possession, passed it onto a van to move it directly to the distributor, said to be of African origin, in Alicante, who would buy them for a much lower price than the real value and ship them on the ferry directly to their customers in Algeria.

The investigations concluded that the three alleged perpetrators of the thefts were acting on behalf of the distributor, since the items were provided specifically to the requirements of the end purchaser.

In addition to the bicycles, on one occasion they stole a motorbike from Mutxamel in Alicante, which was recovered with fake number plates. In another they stole a bike using violence and pushed the owner to the ground.

Officers recovered a number of bikes and arrested five men: three Spaniards aged 32, 37 and 37, a Bulgarian aged 33 and a Moroccan aged 31, all suspected of at least 43 crimes.

As a result of this case, officers would like to raise awareness once more of the importance of recording serial numbers and identifying characteristics bicycles, as well as taking photographs, in order to make them identifiable in the case of theft.

### Police Officer Killed at Alcohol Check Point

An officer from the Local Police in Carballo was killed by a drunk driver on Friday night.



The incident occurred at around 05:00 on Saturday morning when the officer was involved in an alcohol and drug check point in the Labradas area of the municipality.

The officer, a resident of Cerceda in A Coruña, was carrying out a breathalyser test on a driver when the second vehicle approached and crashed into the individuals.

The policeman, José Luis Garea, was rushed to the Carballo health centre, but was pronounced dead on arrival.

The driver who ran over the officer was arrested and has tested positive for alcohol, and will now be brought before the courts.

### Surveillance Campaign on Secondary Roads

Each year, more than 900 people in Spain die in traffic incidents on conventional roads, roads that have a single traffic lane in each direction and do not have a physical separation between both directions. For this reason, the DGT has started a special campaign, which runs until Sunday the 21st of May, providing additional surveillance and controls on secondary roads.



The aim of the campaign, according to the Director General of the DGT, Gregorio Serrano, “is to achieve safer behaviour amongst drivers using these roads and therefore a reduction of accidents”. He said, “We are aware that on these roads are where most of the fatal accidents occur, so almost all the urgent measures that the Minister of the Interior announced at the beginning of the year are being implemented on this type of road”.

For a week, officers from the Guardia Civil Traffic department, as well as colleagues from the Local and Regional Police, will provide extra controls looking specifically at speeding drivers, as well as undue overtaking, especially involving cyclists, using the seatbelt and child restraint systems, using the mobile phone, headphones or navigation system, as well as vehicle and driver documentation or any other traffic and road safety legislation.

In addition to the observations on the ground, surveillance will also be carried out from the air with the helicopters available to the DGT, including those fitted with Pegasus radar equipment.



Long-term Measures

Due to the high number of incidents on this type of road, conventional roads are one of the DGT's priority objectives. For this reason, the Minister of the Interior, Juan Ignacio Zoido, presented to the Commission on Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility of the Congress of Deputies a plan of urgent measures to be implemented on this type of road.

One of the most important is the installation of longitudinal rumble strips on 3,000 km of conventional roads classified as especially dangerous. These guides are a longitudinal series of milled (perforated) elements in the tread layer of pavement intended to alert distracted drivers that their vehicle is diverting from the path of the lane. Thus when the tires of the vehicles pass through the rumble strip, the driver receives warnings by means of vibration and sound.



Installation of dynamic signalling systems that warn of the presence of vehicles at dangerous crossings on conventional roads. When the system detects a vehicle at one of the branches of access to the crossing, a luminous panel is activated, alerting approaching vehicles that there is a potential hazard ahead.

Signage for 49 new safe cycle routes will be added to the 56 existing ones. The purpose of this is to facilitate and protect cyclists on conventional roads and reduce the incident rate of this vulnerable group. To this end, a warning sign shall be installed for all users of the route of periods, sections and routes with high intensity of cyclists. This signalling shall include speed limitations for specific days and time periods of a temporary nature in defined long-distance routes.

Other Measures

Safety reinforcement in overtaking areas with a higher number of incidents will aim to try to improve the safety of conventional roads with actions that give greater certainty to the driver to carry out such manoeuvre. For this, an analysis of potentially dangerous areas will be carried out and then repainting and relocation of vertical signals in the overtaking areas based on the analysis and study of the sections, as well as a reinforcement by double white lines and/or elements of beaconing or separation of certain sections where overtaking is prohibited.

In the second half of the year, new speed control points will be installed in the especially dangerous sections according to the new black point relationship obtained with the new methodology.

In addition, a new instruction will be in force in the coming months, which sets out the criteria for the implementation and management of the cinemometers, which reinforce the complementary measures prior to installation.

Conventional Road Data

In 2015, the last year of consolidated data, 971 people died on conventional roads, representing 74% of the total fatalities on interurban roads, which amounted to 1,248. In addition, another 3,780 people were injured and required hospitalisation as a result of injuries occurred on these conventional ways.

These roads account for more than 90% of the total kilometres of the road network, are the most dangerous and those that represent a higher incident rate, although the density of traffic they support is less than on roads as motorways and highways.

Four out of ten fatal incidents occurring on conventional roads are leaving the lane, whereas two out of ten are frontal collisions.

### Cyclist Protection Plans Revealed

Juan Ignacio Zoido, the Minister of the Interior, chaired the Traffic Safety Committee of the General Traffic Department (DGT) meeting on Tuesday, as we reported in the Costa Blanca People, in order to study the problems facing cyclists and all road users relating to their safe movement.



The Minister stressed that some of these measures are already being implemented “as a result of the Plan of Urgent Measures” launched by the Ministry of the Interior and the General Directorate of Traffic a few months ago.

The Road Safety Committee first analysed the accident rate, both the number of casualties (7,186 accidents involving cyclists, 58 cyclists killed and 652 injured) and the type of road in which they occurred (72% In urban areas, although the most serious (-48 deaths) occurred on interurban roads), evolution (in 2015 there were 14 fewer deaths than in 2014, although it seems that in 2017 there is a rebound in the number of fatalities on the road).

Following this analysis, the Committee deepened the implementation of measures, which Minister Zoido announced, “because they are not mere figures, they are human lives, they are tragedies”, he said.

The measures include:

Signage of 49 new safe cycling routes, to be added to the 56 existing ones, with the aim of facilitating and protecting the movement of cyclists on conventional roads and reducing their accidents. This signalling will include speed limitations on specific days and times, of a temporary nature and in defined inter-urban stretches.

Communication and awareness campaigns to publicise the regulations for cyclists and, in particular, on their safety. For example, he cited the title “Almas Ciclistas” , released in April, which reproduced the last route taken by several dead cyclists and testimonies of their families. Another awareness campaign based on real testimonies of people who have suffered accidents or their relatives, whose broadcast will be produced before the summer in traditional media, especially radio and television, was also announced.

Use of variable message panels for awareness messages. On Saturdays and Sundays, the most common days of cycling on the road, these panels will remind drivers of the main rules regarding cyclists (minimum safety distance of 1.5 m, the possibility of crossing the continuous line in overtaking, riding in parallel, etc.).

Enhanced use of the Comobity application. This DGT app - which has 51,000 users and 58,000 warnings, informs the users of the presence of cyclists on the route.

A greater presence of the Guardia Civil Traffic patrols on those secondary routes with a greater presence of cyclists during the weekends.

An increasee of alcohol and drug controls on Saturdays and Sundays on conventional roads. The minister Zoido codified 100,000 controls for alcohol and 30,000 for drugs, increasing of the same.

Special Surveillance Plan, with the presence of aerial and terrestrial means for the protection of cyclists.

Improve knowledge of cycling mobility. To this end, the DGT will continue to identify the interurban routes most frequented by cyclists, distinguishing those used for sports that are used for forced mobility, and will be integrated into mobility maps.

Deepening the analysis of cyclists' accidents, with in-depth studies of recent years, typologies, causes, highly dangerous sections, rapid follow-up reports on accidents with cyclist victims.

Proposal and evaluation of road and signalling interventions, with pilot experiences of innovative measures to improve safety and provide a safe space for cyclists (eg intelligent signals, separation marks of 1.5 meters etc.).

Actions on the causes of the accidents. The loss of validity of drivers' licenses for alcohol and drug driving penalties and the initiation of sanctioning procedures when the judicial authority decrees the criminal record for infractions to Traffic regulations after having an accident.

Repeat Alcohol and Drug Offender Will Lose their Licence

Another measure announced by the Minister of the Interior was that drivers who repeatedly drink or use drugs and drive will lose the validity of their licence due to lack of psychophysical skills - according to articles 36 of the Regulation of General Drivers.

For this purpose, repeat offenders shall mean those drivers who have two or more alcohol and / or drug sanctions within a period of less than two years, and therefore believe that they may have a problem of abuse or dependence on those substances and should be evaluated and treated in the manner provided for in the General Drivers Regulation.

### The DGT Launch New Mobility Plans

The Director General of the DGT, Gregorio Serrano, has presented the new Model of Mobility for Spain at the Connected Hub Congress during the Barcelona Motor Show.



The plan will include real-time reporting through smartphones or on board devices of all incidents occurring on the roads to reduce the risk of an accident, prevent a traffic jam or protect the most vulnerable users.

Gregorio Serrano explained that, “the traditional model of mobility management must evolve using the tools offered by new technologies and putting them at the service of the driver. For that, we are working on a model in which the DGT is the digital and personal interlocutor of each citizen, so that it becomes his virtual co-pilot.”

This new mobility model is based on connectivity, which, in the cases of vehicles, is a reality that is already present in most of them either through embedded systems or through mobile devices.

Plataforma DGT 3.0

DGT 3.0 is the technological platform that will make it possible to collate all of the information that the drivers and information providers share, anonymously and voluntarily, to communicate generic incidence alerts provided by a third party, works, information supplied by warning message panels, special driving conditions (fog, pedestrians, cyclists, special vehicles, emergencies), and a static mobility map of information (restrictions, gas stations), recommended speeds and congestion maps.

This information will be sent in real time and information providers will be able to develop services to be disseminated only to those drivers who may be directly affected by them and who voluntarily wish to be informed.

The idea, announced Gregorio Serrano, “is to facilitate the provision of a service to all road users (drivers, pedestrians or cyclists), help them make the best decisions in advance and knowing, in real time, incidents that could affect him.”

In order to carry out this platform, the General Directorate of Traffic is working with the main players in the sector (manufacturers, financial entities, mobile operators, insurers, transport companies etc.) so that the connectivity and autonomy of the vehicles helps to make safer and more sustainable mobility.

Spain, A Pioneering Country

In addition, Spain is a pioneer in the interpretation of the possibilities offered by the technologies in the framework of the connected vehicle as the DGT 3.0 platform will be the first platform that offers a response to road safety situations with a direct and positive impact on the driver.

A Single Objective

The DGT 3.0 platform is linked to the “Visión Cero” plan for secure and sustainable mobility.

According to Serrano, “totally eliminating accidents on our roads is difficult to imagine today, but if we know that thanks to the technological advances we are in the way to achieve it. The connected vehicle platform is one of the aids that go in that line and that will allow drivers to be better informed, more attentive and therefore with many more means at their disposal to avoid the accidents.”

Experts say that in the coming years vehicles will improve their ability to visualize situations, understand them and avoid accidents by helping distractions and human errors disappear as the cause of the accident.

The greater number of connected users who decide to interact on the platform, the more information will be generated in real time to make better decisions that allow us to move in a more secure mobility environment.

### Lucky Escape for Drunk Driver

A drunk driver had a lucky escape in Murcia, when the car he was driving crashed and burst into flames as a result of the impact.



The incident occurred on Sunday morning on the road to Beniaján in the Azacaya area. Several people were injured in the crash although all are lucky to be alive.

Murcia Local Police detained the drive, reporting that alcohol was a significant factor in the incident.

### Extra Measures to Crack Down on Habitual Offenders

The Director General of the DGT, Gregorio Serrano, has announced an urgent review to further increase measure made available to clamp down on habitual drink and drug drivers.



The announcement came just before a third cyclist died in hospital from injuries sustained when a drunk and drugged driver ploughed into a group of cyclists at the weekend, killing two at the scene, and rendering three more hospitalised with serious injuries.

The driver had her licence withdrawn four years ago after testing positive for blood alcohol and failed to take the mandatory course required to revalidate the licence. Immediately prior to this incident, the driver managed to avoid three alcohol checkpoints, highlighting the importance of not sharing such information through social media, as any one of those patrols would have prevented the tragedy had they been able to stop her.

Serrano has called for an “urgent” meeting on Tuesday 16 May with the Road Safety Committee (Comité de Seguridad Vial) which will address “the growing problem of fatal accidents of the cyclist” and will detail the measures the DGT would like to implement.

Serrano has said that reforming the Penal Code is not within the competence of the DGT, but they can ensure that the tools to act against offenders are made available.

“We are seeing that the number of cyclists that die every weekend on our roads is unbearable, and we are not prepared for anyone to be in fear of not returning home alive”, Serrano said, explaining how the Strategic Plan for Bicycles has already begun to be drawn up and that the working group has been convened to prepare it.

Investment in cycle routes and their expansion must continue, he said, and constant maintenance and repair is crucial.

That said, the individual responsibility of all road users must be accepted, including cyclists, who must not only play their part by ensuring compliance with the rules and laws of the roads but also in maintaining visibility and offering mutual respect that they demand from other road users.

### Another Drunk Driver Ploughs into Group of Cyclists

Catalan Police have arrested a 26-year-old Colombian national for crimes against road safety after she ploughed into a group of cyclists in the Riudoms area of Tarragona.



The incident occurred at around 07:15 in the morning on the T-704 road when the vehicle being driven by the woman invaded the opposite side of the carriageway running into the group of six cyclists, three of whom were injured in the collision, one of them seriously.

The woman, who lives in Reus, had only recently obtained her driving licence and therefore is subject to a lower maximum permitted limit of alcohol. Having helped the injured at the scene, the officers then carried out a breathalyser test which reported the woman to by four times over the prescribed limit.

This latest incident comes less than a week after a group of cyclists were hit by another car, killing three of the group.

### Not Even Sexual Starvation is Justification!

A young man from Seville was arrested by the Guardia Civil after jumping 12 red lights and travelling at speeds in excess of 200 kilometres per hour. His excuse being sexual desperation!



The man had received a WhatsApp message from his girlfriend telling him that she was home alone for an hour as her parents had gone out, and the couple were keen to have sex.

The man quickly took to his car and raced towards his girlfriend's house, skipping all the red lights on the way. He was spotted by a Guardia Civil patrol who gave chase, pursuing the vehicle for half an hour in an attempt to get him to stop, and at speeds in excess of 200 kilometres per hour.

The man did eventually stop and told the officers why he was acting as he did. He then began to cry and pleaded with the officers to let him go, as the couple had not had sex for some time, promising to return to them in an hour.

Whether the officers felt any compassion for his situation is unknown, however, it is known that they decline his request, taking him to the Guardia Civil headquarters where he was processed and faces court for crimes against road safety.

### Drunk Driver Kills 10 Month Old Son

On Thursday night in the Toledo town of Gerindote, a young mother killed her 10-month-old baby and injured her 7-year-old son, by, for reasons as yet unknown, choosing to get behind the wheel of her car whilst under the influence of alcohol.



The incident occurred at around dawn when the woman drove her car, without lights, along a road in the opposite direction than was allowed. After a short time, the vehicle collided with a lamppost.

Although the vehicle had a child seat fitted for the baby, the child was not strapped in and was killed in the impact. The second child was wearing a seatbelt and suffered minor injuries.

The mother tested positive for alcohol and was arrested. She was allowed to attend the funeral before being further detained.

### Happy Birthday to the Guardia Civil

On the 13th of May, 1844, a Royal Decree gave the official birth of the Guardia Civil.



On the 28th of March, 1844, the historic moment change the future when, under the control of the Minister of War Manuel de Mazarredo, a “special armed forces body of Infantry and Cavalry” is created, given the name of the “Guardia Civil”, under the command of Field Marshal D. Francisco Javier Girón y Ezpeleta, II Duque de Ahumada.

The challenge facing the Duque de Ahumada was to set in motion an institution that is designed “to effectively protect people and property” and therefore the Guardia Civil would be formed.

On the 20th of April, 1844, the Duque de Ahumada produced a decisive report, for which budgets and payment plans were leaked and became a cause of controversy, before the previous decree, which had not even come into force, was repealed, thus being replaced by the definitive Real Decreto de 13 de mayo, presented by the government minister, D. Ramón María Narváez, and so giving birth to the Guardia Civil.

In etymological terms, “Guardia”, comes from the Gothic word “wardja”, and then from the Old German warten, meaning watch or guard. The word “civil” comes from the Latin civilis or citizen.

Initially The Guardia Civil was formed of 14 senior officers, 232 officers and 5769 guards, scattered in 14 Tercios, thus recovering a term of great tradition and prestige in Spanish military history because it refers to select units of the army. In each of these Tercios there would be a variable number of Infantry companies and a squadron (or Independent section) of cavalry.

In the summer of 1844, the first recruitment campaign began, with many more men applying for the positions than were available. Bearing in mind that it was the reserve of men at the time.

Today, popularly known as the Benemérita, the Guardia Civil remains a militarised body, with over 77,000 personnel, not only operating in Spain but in various military and peace keeping operations around the globe. Women are now welcomed into the corps, and also operate alongside their male counterparts with the utmost of equality.

The Guardia Civil have numerous different bodies responsible for everything from counter terrorism, Royal protection, divers, maritime and airborne patrols, mountain rescue, dogs, mounted section, bomb disposal, financial investigators, child protection and many more, not forgetting the traffic department who police the national road network of Spain.

Every day the men, women, and animals of the Guardia Civil put their lives on the line, still maintaining the original reason the corps was formed, to protect people and property, deservedly celebrating the birth of the corps on the 13th of May, and then their special day on October the 12th, Festividad de la Virgen del Pilar.

### Driver Arrested Six Times Over Alcohol Limit

A woman was detained by the police in Murcia after she registered a breathalyser reading which reported that she was six times over the maximum permitted limit.

The incident occurred on Wednesday on avenida Mariano Rojas. The officers first became suspicious when the driver reversed her car into one of the police motorbikes which was parked behind.



The officers conducted a breathalyser test which revealed the driver to be six times over the limit and so she was arrested on suspicion of a crime against road safety.

### April Crime Figures Show Slight Decrease

In April, 231 drivers were arrested across the Valencia region alone and brought to justice through the courts for crimes against road safety, including driving without a licence or under the influence of alcohol or drugs, and speeding, representing a decrease of 0.43% compared to the figures recorded in April 2016.



Serious road traffic infractions are treated under the penal code, with offenders facing prison. Of those who faced criminal proceedings, 53 were for driving without a permit or licence, 175 for doing so under the influence of alcohol or drugs and 3 for speeding.

In the province of Valencia, officers detected 26 drivers for lack of permit or licence, 92 for driving under the influence of alcohol and 2 for speeding, including two drivers traveling at 228 kilometres an hour in a section of road where the maximum permitted speed is 120.

In Castellon, 6 drivers went to court for driving without a licence or permit, and 17 for driving under the influence of alcohol.

In Alicante, 21 drivers were brought before the judge for lack of permit or licence, 66 for driving under the influence of alcohol and one for speeding, who was traveling at 189 kilometres per hour in a section limited to a maximum of 90.

### Third Cyclist Dies Following Weekend Carnage

One of the three cyclists who being treated in intensive care after being hit by a driver who tested positive for alcohol and drugs has died after four days of treatment.



José Antonio Albi, who was just 28 years of age, was operated on for head injuries to try to reduce neurological pressure. Meanwhile, two other cyclists remain in the ICU fighting for their lives.

The driver ran over five cyclists at the weekend and tested positive for alcohol and drugs. Her licence had already been withdrawn four years ago after testing positive for blood alcohol and failed to take the mandatory course required to revalidate the licence.

Raúl Ruedas, the lawyer for the defence, has said that his client was “in a state of shock” and was surprised when the Guardia Civil told her what she had done, as she didn´t remember anything.

### Kamikaze Drunk Driver Arrested on the AP-7

A driver was arrested this week for driving 20 kilometres in the opposite direction by the AP-7 motorway between Almussafes and Xeresa.



The incident occurred on Monday when the driver had taken the toll road in Xeresa and travelled several kilometres towards the Silla exit. However, before entering the payment area, the driver turned around and set off in the opposite direction on the same side he had just travelled, into oncoming traffic, several of which had to take evasive action to avoid a collision.

Guardia Civil officers, who were carrying out a routine patrol, pursued the vehicle for around 15 minutes before managing to block the path of the vehicle to prevent it continuing further.

Once the vehicle had stopped, the 41-year-old driver was tested for the presence of alcohol, which revealed him to be four times over the permitted maximum limit and with the presence of cocaine in his system.

The driver was arrested for crimes against road safety and transferred to Cullera, where he underwent a speedy trial in which he was sentenced to eight months in prison and withdrawal of his licence for 20 months.

### Drunk Driver Accidentally Delivers Himself to the Police

An apparent drunk driver met with a surprise end to his journey in Pamplona this weekend, by delivering himself to the police station.



The driver accidentally drove into the police station vehicle entrance, thinking it was a public multistory car park. Officers in the car park approached the alien vehicle to ascertain why it was in their private area.

The officers detected signs of alcohol use as the driver smelt like he had been drinking. They asked the driver to perform a breathalyser test, but he refused, thus automatically rendering himself under arrest, where the officers then discovered he was driving without a licence as it had been previously withdrawn.

### Work Related Traffic Fatalities Increase by 18%

In the latest figures looking at health and safety at work, road traffic incidents are the only cause of death for workers which increased in 2016, with 18% more fatalities than in 2015.



Of the 555,000 work-related incidents that occurred in 2016 in Spain, 63,400 of them were road traffic related, according to data from the National Institute of Health and Hygiene at Work (INSHT), an increase of 8% over the previous year. The data show that one in every three fatal incidents in the workplace were road traffic related, with a total of 204 people losing their lives, which means that 11.4% of occupational incidents cause 33.6% of the deaths, a very high mortality rate.

If we analyse the evolution by type of traffic incident, the deadly fatalities during the working day went from 72 in 2015 to 86 in 2016, which is 19% more. In total, 42% of fatal incidents occurred during the working day, and 58% on the way to work or back home.

Reducing occupational incidents in general, and traffic-related in particular is a task that involves the company, institutions and the workers themselves, with better training and information as the main axis of preventive policy. Currently, companies have a plan for the prevention of occupational risks for their employees, where they define their functions and the risks to which they are exposed within the performance of them. However, workers' accidents are not only found in the workplace, but also in other areas, such as when the worker moves with his or her vehicle during the working day, and other times also linked to our professional activity,

In order to deal with these figures, RACE proposes that companies act from different fields, for example, by implementing mobility plans that take into account the state of employee mobility, workers' itineraries and weak points on the safety of journeys.

These types of plans allow companies to know the mobility and risks of their workers, and that they implement the necessary tools for different specific corrective measures, aimed at reducing incidents.

To reduce this risk, RACE has launched a decalogue with advice for companies, workers and institutions so that, among all, we can increase prevention and reduce traffic incidents.

Decalogue to improve road safety for workers

Measures for the company

 	As a starting point, analyse the real mobility of its workers, their movements, travel times and major road problems.
 	There must be a commitment of the highest officials in the improvement of road safety for workers, including this new concept in the pillars of the corporate culture of the company.
 	Define the road risks of each worker according to the performance of their professional activity, with measures aimed both at the prevention of incidents during the working day and in commuting.
 	The company must put in place corrective measures, including a policy of continuous training, minimum levels of safety in corporate vehicles, and planning of working days involving road journeys.
 	Encourage respect for compliance with traffic regulations, especially on issues such as distractions, fatigue, driving times or route planning.

For employees

 	Employees must commit to the fulfilment of the knowledge provided by the formation of the company to prevent road risks.
 	They should plan their trips before starting them, consulting possible problems that may be found on long journeys as in every day (congestion, weather conditions, etc.)
 	Workers should be responsible for the mechanical maintenance of the vehicle they use, especially the condition of the tyres, lights and fluid levels.
 	A worker behind the wheel must maintain the necessary attention to traffic and traffic conditions, avoiding other non-driving activities.

For public administrations

 	Encourage the implementation of Mobility and Road Training Plans in companies through fiscal aid and course funding.

### Driver who Killed Cyclists has History of Drink Driving

The driver who ploughed into a group of cyclists this weekend has a history of drink driving offences.



The cyclists were riding in a group of six on Sunday morning in Xàbia (Alicante), when the car invaded the opposing lane, crashing into the group, which resulted in two of the cyclists being killed and three being hospitalised with serious injuries. The sixth managed to avoid being hit. Preliminary investigations suggest that the driver may have been distracted or fell asleep, most likely as a result of the cocktail of alcohol and drugs consumed.

The woman driving the car tested positive for alcohol and drugs after the incident and was remanded in custody, without bail, facing charges of two counts of reckless homicide, three of gross negligence and crimes against road safety, facing prison.

However, it was revealed that the driver had previously been found driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs in 2013, resulting in the loss of her licence at the time, later to be recovered.

Not only that, an investigation revealed that the driver managed to avoid three alcohol and drug roadblocks which were operating in the area, highlighting the importance once again of not sharing this information through social networks as if the driver was not aware of their placement, she could well have been identified as being drunk and drugged before the tragic incident which has destroyed so many lives.

 

### Millions Admit to Criminal Activity on the Roads

More than 4.5 million motorists have admitted that they have driven on the roads of Spain and carried out a procedure that would constitute a criminal offence. That is the conclusion of a report by the Fundación Línea Directa on crimes against road safety between 2012 and 2015.



Criminal acts are the likes of driving with excessive alcohol or drugs, excessive speeding, or driving without a licence, for example, which would result in prison. The survey reveals that there is a serious lack of knowledge regarding criminal acts whilst driving and 9 million drivers are unaware that they can go to prison for this and almost 11 million do not know that, in particular, driving under the influence of drugs can lead to prison.

Beyond ignorance, these behaviours carry a much more serious problem in society, since they have a direct influence on the mortality and injury figures. In fact, it can be estimated that 14% of the total deaths in traffic incidents are due to the criminal conduct of another driver.

Crimes against traffic safety have become the most common in Spanish courts, accounting for 35% of all crimes committed in Spain. In fact, since 2008 almost 900,000 trials have been held for crimes against road safety, of which 650,000 have ended in condemnation. In this sense, the proportion of convictions has also experienced a great evolution in recent years, from 66% in 2008 to 85% in 2015.

This report analyses in depth more than 580,000 trials for road safety offences and around 450,000 convictions imposed between the years 2012 and 2015.

Driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs accounts for more than 60% of all cases. They are followed by driving without a license (27%), causing a serious risk for driving (7%) or refusing to perform alcohol or drug tests (3.5%). With regard to actual admission to prison, the number of people detained for these crimes is currently around 1,200, with driving without a license (39%) and reckless homicide (22%) in the most common cases.

While men between the ages of 18 and 24 are the most recognised to have performed criminal practices, men between the ages of 41 and 50 are often those who have received the most convictions. In addition, potential offences such as speeding seem to be much more frequent than convictions indicate. Although 1.2 million motorists acknowledge that they have driven at more than 200 kilometres per hour, the sentences for this behaviour represent barely 0.6% of the total number of cases.

In Spain, 1.36% of drivers have been convicted of a crime against road safety in the last 4 years. Baleares, Murcia and Galicia are the regions that surpass the Spanish average, whereas on the opposite side of the scale are Cantabria, Extremadura and Aragon, with indices much lower than the Spanish average.

By type of crime, Catalonia is the Community with the highest proportion of speeding convictions and refusal to perform blood tests or drug detections. For its part, Baleares leads the ranking in driving offences under the influence of alcohol and drugs. Murcia, for driving without a licence.



Surprisingly, in spite of their high degree of ignorance, the vast majority of Spaniards (91%) are in favour of maintaining jail sentences for road safety offences, and 14% are committed to harden them even more. In addition, many people want to classify more conduct as crimes against road safety: 60% believe that taking children in the car without a child retention system should be a crime, 44% of drivers would include handling, manipulating or using a mobile phone whilst driving to be a criminal offence, and 34% of people believe that any positive rate in the breathalyser test should be a criminal act.

Also, despite the work of the prosecutors and judges, the perception of the Spanish population is that justice system is not the same for everyone. In fact, 83% believe that judgments against famous drivers are softer than they should be and 19% demand harsher penalties with celebrities than with other citizens, always with the aim of enhancing exemplarity in society.

### N332 Goes Back to School

For our final presentation of the season, members of N332 visited the Phoenix International School in San Miguel de Salinas to give a road safety presentation to the students attending the school.



The team gave three presentations to three aged divided groups, with the younger pupils covering everything from the basics of crossing the road safely, wearing a seatbelt, riding a bike safely, and even having fun with new road safety campaigns, such as how to discourage grownups from using a mobile phone whilst driving. Meanwhile, the older attendees were given more in-depth information about the laws relating to traffic and safety, including scooters, riding bikes and their obligations under the law.

This is the last presentation before the busy summer season starts, but we have already secured a number of presentations in the autumn. If you are a local community-based group of 60 or more people and would like us to visit you, we have some timeslots available, email news@n332.es and we will see when we can arrange to visit your group and give a talk after the summer.

### Over 31,000 Speeders Caught

During the seven-day campaign focussing on speeding motorists, 581,294 vehicles were checked by the Guardia Civil, of which 31,086 were found breaking the law. However, the controls conducted by the various local and regional police forces need to be added to those figures.

The campaign ran between the 17th and 23rd of April, focussing mostly on the secondary road network, where the majority of serious and fatal incidents occur.

Four of the drivers caught face criminal proceedings as they exceeded the maximum permitted speed limit by more than 80 kilometres per hour.

Drivers caught speeding face fines of between 100 and 600 euro, plus the loss of between 2 and six points. Exceeding the speed limit by more than 60 kilometres per hour on urban roads, or 80 kilometres per hour on major roads, transfers the offence to criminal, with offenders facing between six to twelve months in prison, community service and the withdrawal of the licence for up to 4 years, in addition to a hefty fine.

### Hunt Launched for Hit and Run Scooter Rider

Officers from the Local Police in Alicante have launched a hunt for the driver of a moped involved in a hit and run incident in the city.

The incident occurred on Avenida Alfonso X el Sabio near to Calle Navas where the 51-year-old male pedestrian was knocked down whilst crossing the road at around 13:25 on Friday afternoon.



As a result of the incident, the man suffered serious injuries and was taken by a paramedic unit to Alicante hospital.

The moped fled the scene and so the officers are now scouring the extensive network of CCTV cameras in the city to locate the rider.

 

### Busy Weekend Ahead

The roads of Spain are expected to be particularly busy this weekend, as Monday is a national holiday, the day of the worker, and Tuesday is celebrated as a holiday in Madrid.



As such, the DGT has launched a special operation to ensure the safest flow of traffic between 15:00 on Friday and midnight on Monday night, Tuesday night in the case of Madrid. During this period, it is expected that there will be 6.5 million trips, which is 1.6 million more than the same period last year.

It is expected that the coastal and mountainous regions will be the busiest, as inland tourists leave their homes to take a long-weekend break.

Across the country, 25% of vehicle movements will focus on Madrid, 21% will be in the Murcia and Valencia regions. Friday is expected to be one of the busiest overall, as workers finish their jobs ad then head off on holiday. Saturday morning is also expected to be busy, as those unable to leave on Friday head away, and then Monday afternoon when they all return home.

In order to ease the flow of traffic, there will be a number of protocols implemented, such as restricting dangerous goods, and creating additional lanes to improve traffic movements. In addition, all unnecessary roadworks will be postponed until after the holiday.

All available resources will be utilised to monitor traffic, including all available Guardia Civil traffic officers, supported by an army of engineers and traffic experts. The DGT helicopters will be in the air monitoring the situation, and using Pegasus radar to enforce the law. There will also be an increase in surveillance on the roads, paying close attention to the most common contributing factors that result in traffic based incidents, inappropriate speed, alcohol and drugs, and distractions, as well as close monitoring of seatbelt use, and using the situation to monitor for all legal aspects of the vehicle and drivers, including carrying the correct documentation. .

### Callous Roadside Robbers Locked Up

Officers from the Guardia Civil have dismantled a group of robbers who would prey on innocent tourists along the A-7 motorway as it passes through Valencia, Castellón and Alicante.



Eight people have been arrested, and two others are under investigation, all aged between 25 and 32 and or Romanian nationality, accused of being involved in a criminal organisation that would commit robbery with force, violence, theft and false documentation.



Three raids were carried out in homes in Castellón where 6,635 euro, 2,550 pounds and 1,140 dirhams have been recovered, along with 11 high-end vehicles, 25 wristwatches, 15 suitcases, 17 bags, different pieces of Jewellery, 9 pairs of sunglasses, and 20 mobile phones.



Using their high-powered vehicles, the gang specialised in taking items from the interior of vehicles in service areas. Normally, they chose open, easily accessible car parks where would pick mostly elderly people and vehicles with foreign registration that were passing through.



One of the members would distract the victims by asking them for a place or an address while another member of the gang would open the door of the vehicle and remove the objects they had spotted inside.



On at least one occasion, the victim clung to a bag being stolen and was dragged several metres by the fleeing gang´s vehicle. On other occasions, they took advantage of the fact that the victim was sleeping inside the vehicle and would break the windows intending that fragments of glass would land on the victim, at which time they stole the effects.



It is also recorded that the same gang committed two robberies on the same person in a space of 20 minutes. This occurred in the service area of ​​Sagunto (Valencia), when a woman of foreign origin, along with her daughter, stopped their vehicle in order to rest, when the gang took advantage and stole the luggage from the interior of the vehicle. Whilst the victim was contacting the Guardia Civil for assistance, other members of the gang smashed the windows of the vehicle in order to remove another bag.

The gang will now appear before the courts in Valencia to be dealt with.

### Pegasus and the Bull

Rounding up bulls and herding them into areas they may not have intended to go may well feature heavily in Spanish culture, from such controversial spectacles as bull fighting or the infamous running of the bulls, but it might be that those cultural roots helped a distant “cowboy” direct a bull back to where it came from.

The unusualness of this story is that the said “cowboy”, or “bull herder” managed to direct a stray bull from danger and back into its field, despite being considerably far away... and airborne.



A DGT helicopter carrying out routine patrols with Pegasus radar equipment noticed that the bull had escaped from a nearby field and was wandering dangerously close to the road. The pilot, therefore, used the ultimate flying skills to direct the bull using the helicopter until it was safely back in its field and out of danger.


The incident occurred in the Leciñena area on the road heading towards Zaragoza, where cattle farms are common along the route.

No doubt the bull will have a story to tell to the other members of his herd, although whether they choose to believe him is another matter, but the danger was averted by the quick thinking and skilled pilot.

### A long time ago on a road far far away!

A 24-year-old man from the Zamora area of Castile y León was arrested at the weekend, following a close encounter with unusual beings.

Officers from the Guardia Civil had set up a routine checkpoint on Saturday night, intent on carrying our checks on drivers, in particular for having consumed alcohol or drugs.

A vehicle approached the checkpoint and decided not to stop at the control, proceeding through the checkpoint and accelerating.

The officers took to their crafts and pursued the fleeing fugitive, eventually managing to bring the vehicle to a stop and then approach the driver, who then duly explained to the officers, “I saw Jedis with light sabres”, and although he didn´t claim that earth had been invaded by beings from another world, he “thought I was in the middle of a film shoot so I decided to go fast.”

Despite the seemingly plausible explanation, the officers still decided to carry out the checks for alcohol and drugs and, surprisingly, found the driver to have consumed both, registering double the maximum permitted rate of alcohol, and positive for illegal drugs.

The driver was immediately detained and transported to the Death Star by shuttle craft, no, sorry, we mean he was locked in the back of a van and taken to the police station where he was to be brought before a judge for a crime for driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs, reckless driving, resistance to authority and for fleeing the Guardia Civil, even though he still maintains his innocence, although subsequently changing his previous excuse, as he “had no idea it was the authorities, I just saw lights following me and I thought they were Galactic Empire ships”.

### Easter Brings 29 Road Deaths

During the Easter weekend´s special traffic operation, 29 people lost their lives in as many incidents on the main road network of Spain.

Although this figure represents a decrease of 12 deaths compared to last year, it is still 29 too many people who have lost their lives.

The Director General of the DGT, Gregorio Serrano, expressed his “gratitude” to the DGT employees, officers of the Guardia Civil, the specialist technical and other operators of companies and the emergency services who worked during the special operation, which ran from Friday the 7th of April through to Monday of this week, as “their work and dedication has contributed to reducing the victims caused by traffic accidents.”

Serrano also thanked road users for their predominantly responsible behaviour during the period, an action that has undoubtedly contributed to the reduction of deaths due to traffic accidents. Despite this decline, Gregorio Serrano has stated that we cannot be complacent, and even if there is only one death on the roads, that too is too many.

During these ten and a half day period, there were 15.2 million long-distance displacements, 7.2% more than during the 2016 Easter holiday, which amounted to 14.2 million. It is the fourth consecutive year that road movements increase in this holiday period, standing at levels very similar to those recorded in Easter, 2008.

There was an increase in the number of fatal incidents than last year, but the number of deaths has been lower, 29 compared to 41, although we must take into account a fatal bus crash last year in Tarragona, in which 13 people were killed.



By area, Andalusia, Aragon, Asturias, Cantabria, Castilla la Mancha, Castile y Leon and La Rioja all saw an increase in the number of incidents, whereas no deaths were recorded in the Canary Islands, Murcia and Navarre.



As for the type of roads, 26 people were killed on conventional roads, compared to 3 people losing their lives on motorways or highways.

The highest number of fatalities recorded by incident type was in vehicles leaving the road, with 13 people losing their lives this way, followed by head-on collisions, responsible for 5 deaths, the same as last year, and 2 people knocked over.

When we look at the vehicle type, we see that 14 people died in passenger cars, the same as last year, 7 were on motorbikes, an increase over last year, as was the case with cyclists, with 4 people being killed, 3 more than last year, although pedestrian fatalities were halved.

The majority of deaths occurred during the day, between 07:00 and 20:00, when 23 people were killed, compared to 6 who died overnight.

The age group where the majority of people died is those between 45 to 54, with 7 deaths, followed by the 55 to 64-year-old age group, with 6 deaths, and 5 deaths from the aged 35 to 44 group. During this period, nobody under the age of 14, or over 75, have lost their lives.

As we delve deeper into the incidents, we find that of the 16 deaths in passenger cars, 6 of those killed were not wearing a seatbelt. In addition, 1 of the cyclists who died was not wearing a helmet.

The tragic reality is that if we discount last year´s bus crash from the statistics, the figures are comparable, despite a widely publicised awareness campaign and an increase in surveillance. It is clear that the death toll could have been lower if seatbelts and safety devices are used, distractions are avoided, as with alcohol and drugs, and we all learn from the lessons that each of us has a responsibility on the road to zero fatalities.

### Buying a New Car – Your Rights

When you purchase a new car from a dealer, you have a certain level of peace of mind accompanying your purchase.

New cars are covered by a legal guarantee of 2 years without a mileage limit, whereas the manufacturer has to take care of the faults and breakdowns that have arisen with the car, so long as they are not caused by misuse, lack of maintenance or wear.

Factory defects are also covered by the legal guarantee, but in this case the claim must be made during the first six months from the date of delivery of the vehicle. After that time it is necessary to prove that the defect is actually caused at the manufacture stage and, for that, an expert report must be presented to prove it.

The Madrid-based Asociación Madrileña de Distribuidores de Automóviles (AMDA), also wants to advise owners that you also have consumer rights if you have to visit the workshop for these repairs. In the event that the vehicle suffers a fault covered by the warranty, the time spent in the workshop for repair will not count as part of the warranty period and that time will be added to the original date of termination of the warranty. It is necessary to request a receipt with the date of delivery and return of the vehicle, together with the repair report.

The buyer not only has rights when buying a car, but work carried out in authorised mechanic's workshops are guaranteed, whether it is a maintenance check or a repair. It is however necessary to differentiate between two situations: when it is a repair covered by the legal guarantee, in this case the period of cover is six months; If it is a repair outside the warranty period, the workshop will be responsible for its work for three months or 2,000 kilometres.

Many manufacturers offer the option to optionally expand the warranty period. The conditions vary according to the manufacturers, the length of time, mileage, and what is covered. Therefore, the conditions must be read carefully.

### Intensified Checks on Speed Continue

Although the special traffic operation for the Easter break may be coming to a close, the intensified vigilance of the traffic police will be continuing this week, with a special focus on speed.



Between the 17th and 23rd of April, traffic officers from the Guardia Civil, assisted in other areas by officers from the local and regional police, will be carrying out intensified and random checks on speeding vehicles, predominantly on the conventional road network, where more serious incidents occur.

Inappropriate speed is one of the main contributing factors of road traffic incidents and fatalities, and as this is also one of the factors totally in the hands of drivers, education through enforcement, with fines and sanctions, often the only way of dealing with those who risk the lives of themselves and others through this action.



Some local police forces, including Torrevieja, have the use of specially equipped vehicles on loan from the DGT. These vehicles are equipped with radar and breathalyser equipment.



Officers on the ground will also be supported from the air, as the Pegasus equipped helicopters will be keeping a watchful eye, not only looking for speeding vehicles but other offences as well, and the network of traffic cameras will also be in use.

The ground officers will be operating new “dynamic controls”, which means they will be moving to different areas more frequently, so as to avoid the dissemination of information of their locations through social media and mobile apps.

### Smart Roundabouts Coming Soon?

Although roundabouts may be the cause of confusion and dread to some drivers, they provide a unique way of allowing traffic to flow freely thorough road intersections.

However, when the volume of traffic is too high for the layout of the road, congestion results in delays, which can end up with massive traffic jams.



Now, researchers from the UPV (Universidad Politécnica de Valencia) have come up with what they think is a revolutionary system to ease that congestion, by implanting sensors in the road that detect the passage of vehicles and determine when the volume of traffic is very high, which would then cause traffic lights to be activated to slow down vehicles on approach, allowing extra time for those in the area to manoeuvre through the roundabout, and, in some cases, stopping traffic on quieter roads to allow the congestion to ease.

The idea is to avoid situations in which the excessive entry of vehicles causes a general jam that prevents progress in any direction. With this system, it is possible to restore a normal traffic flow in a short time, managing the exceptional situations in a simple but effective way.

The system used, known as ramp meter, is already used successfully in some countries on access routes to motorways and main roads, restricting access when traffic on the main carriageway is too dense. Now, the system can be adapted and customised to the needs of roundabouts.

### Hundreds of Children Put at Risk

In the latest seven-day campaign that saw intensified surveillance for the use of seatbelts and child restraint systems, 240 children were found travelling in vehicles without any kind of safety retention system being used.



Of the 240 children found not secured in the vehicles, 64 of them were travelling in the front seats, where they are not permitted by law, although the law which dictates that they must be secured in the vehicle had already been ignored, so it is hardly surprising that the adults responsible would also be so blatant about that fact.

In the campaign which ran between the 13th and 19th of March, Guardia Civil traffic officers carried out checks on 341,845 vehicles, in which they detected 3,083 infractions, where drivers or passengers who did not make use of the regulatory retention system.

The campaign was also supported by regional and local police, who carried out their own checks, and Pegasus equipped helicopters from the DGT, monitoring from the air. These combined figures are still to be finalised and added to the total carried out by the traffic officers.

The data from the checks reveal that 99% of people who were caught not wearing a seatbelt were travelling on conventional roads, the type of road where 8 out of 10 road fatalities occur.

The seat belt is a basic and fundamental element of road safety, a life insurance. For this reason, its use is mandatory for all occupants of the vehicle and on all types of roads. In addition, the correct use of it is essential to fulfil the purpose for which it was created.

Children in Cars

Children measuring 135 cm in height or less must ride in the rear seats of a vehicle, irrespective of their age, and must sit in the correct and approved seat appropriate to their size and weight.

The Child Restraint Systems provide the best protection for a child when on board a vehicle. That is why the law dictates their use, in an attempt to enforce the maximum protection for children.

The use of child restraint systems reduces injuries by up to 75% in the event of a collision. According to data from the DGT, road traffic incidents are the leading cause of death amongst children under 14 years of age, and, tragically, 40% of those children who lose their lives wore no protection system, and, according to the statistics, could well be alive today.

The law also requires seats to be of an approved standard. Those which meet the minimum required standards carry an orange label, usually located at the rear, which guarantees that the seat has undergone a series of tests to prove safety and reliability.

The approval system is based on a European standard and EU regulation ECE-R44.03, which also ensures certain information is listed on the label.

### Guardia Civil Officers Beaten by Children

This week, members of the Guardia Civil faced their biggest challenge yet. Not because of the huge increase in traffic causing major headaches on the road, but because they returned to the Elche Children´s Home to try to win in their latest sports tournament.



Honour and dignity were at stake, as the officers were previously defeated by the children, and so with everything to gain or shame, they returned to the pitch.



Despite being one of the busiest times of year on the roads, the officers all took time out of their rest periods to play the game and lend their support to the home.



Thanks to the support of the sponsors of the N332 Project, the officers were able to present the children with new kit, footballs and equipment, as well as everything needed for a celebratory party afterwards, and, if the title didn´t give the result away already, the children were victors once more, beating the officers in this latest battle on the pitch.



No doubt they will return in the future, but for now, it looks like they will have to keep practicing if they have any hope of actually winning a game!

### One in Four Cyclists Test Positive for Alcohol

Startling statistics produced by the Madrid Municipal Police have revealed that during their campaigns to test for cyclists who have consumed alcohol, one in four tested positive.

Since 2010, a total of 659 alcohol tests have been performed on cyclists, from which 166 were found to have exceeded the allowed maximum rate. The tests were carried out for various reasons, 599 were carried out in checkpoints, 43 after the cyclist was involved in a traffic accident and 17 for committing some other type of offence on the road. During the period, 4 cyclists refused to carry out the test.

The most commonly reported case is that of young people who are returning home after a night of partying, in which they have consumed alcohol and they decide to cycle home rather than drive their car. Although they may well believe they are acting responsibly by doing so, a bicycle is still a vehicle and can still have fatal consequences if involved in a collision. That said, it is also reported that some of those young people caught used the bicycle knowing it was an offence, but thought it more likely they would avoid being stopped on a bike.

The Municipal Police of Madrid perform daily breath tests on people who drive in all types of vehicles, including the bicycles, and during the last seven years, 25% of the cyclists who have submitted to them have tested positive.

The controls are performed in shifts in the morning, afternoon and evening, and take place in all districts of the capital. In addition, they are all random, so they can stop any type of vehicle and under any circumstances.

### Location of New Seatbelt-Spotting Traffic Cameras

Of the 225 new “smart” cameras, including the 200 new traffic cameras recently installed, which watch for such things as vehicle occupants wearing seatbelts, 19 are placed in the Valencia region, and of those, 5 are in the Alicante province.



Across Alicante, the cameras are located on the A-31, the N-340, the A-70 the, A-7 and the N-338. The specific locations are available on the DGT website, although we don´t feel the need to share that information as the point of the cameras is to encourage vehicle occupants to wear their seatbelt, and so we encourage seatbelt use at all times.

These cameras take a series of images which are then analysed by the computerised system. If the system believes it has identified an infraction, the images are sent to a human controller to confirm this, before automatically sending details of the offence to the vehicle owner.

### Little Drummer Boy Caught

In a recent patrol by a Pegasus-equipped DGT helicopter, flying observers noticed a driver carrying out an unusual procedure behind the wheel, something they had never seen before, and, although the Pegasus cameras were perhaps not the fame and coverage he sought, the cameras recorded him with “two pieces of wood being used as drumsticks to beat the upper part of the steering wheel as if it were playing the drums to the rhythm of the music.”

The incident was recorded by a Lugo based officer as the vehicle was travelling along the A-6 motorway. The driver was spotted at kilometre 516 of the A-6, the motorway linking Madrid and A Coruña, as it passes through the province of Lugo.

The driver was observed beating his tune “for something more than a minute,” according to the officers, “which allowed him to travel a great distance on the motorway”, a distance where the driver was not fully in control of the vehicle.

To do this he had released both hands off the steering wheel, “to grab a stick in each of them, remaining in this attitude until he noticed that the helicopter was flying over his vehicle , at which point he ceased”, the officers reported.

However, his change of actions were too late, as he had already posed a significant risk and was subsequently reported for crimes against road safety, and was called to appear live on the stage known as court for processing.

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 6

Easter is here, and so are the countless tourists who are moving through the country, as one of the busiest times on the roads takes hold. In this issues, we look at the special operation that is taking place around the country, with advice on the busiest times to avoid.

It´s not only the Easter period, it´s also Hay Fever season, and so we look again at allergies and how they can cause problems when we are driving. We also look at other drugs too, especially how to recognise medication that we may not realise poses a risk.

The new mobile phone campaign launched by the DGT takes the lead however, as attempts are made to try and tackle an ever increasing problem, using mobiles and devices when driving, not just for making calls, but for WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter and other social networks, all of which poses a significant risk.

You can read the eMagazine for free, right here, just scroll to the bottom of the article, or you can purchase the PDF to download to your own device by clicking the button below.

Buy and download

 


Here, you can read the eMagazine for free. Click to enter fullscreen mode.

### Warning over Breathalyser Scam

A warning has been issued over a fake notice that is being distributed through social media, warning that it is now mandatory for all vehicles in Spain to carry portable breathalysers.



Firstly, the notice regarding the mandatory requirements are totally fake. You do not have to carry any kind of alcohol detection equipment in your vehicle, and, therefore, you will not be fined if you don´t. There are also currently no plans for this rule to be implemented in Spain.

The adverts, warnings and notices are all a scam, aimed at encouraging innocent victims to visit a website, view falsified news reports, and then purchase the breathalysers direct from the supplier.



There is no evidence yet of anybody having actually been scammed, but it is only a matter of time before somebody does.

Remember, this notice is totally fake, you do not have to carry a breathalyser in Spain.

### European Road Statistics Published

The European Commission has published the latest accident figures for the whole European continent: 25,500 people died and 135,000 were seriously injured in road traffic incidents on European roads during 2016. This supposes a reduction of 2% in the number of deaths compared to the previous year, although the data is still considered provisional and so may change.



By country, Spain is the fourth country with the lowest number of deaths per million inhabitants (37), only behind Sweden (27), the United Kingdom (28) and the Netherlands (33) and well below the EU average of mortality on road (50). At the other extreme, the countries with the highest mortality are Bulgaria (99), Romania (97), Latvia (80) and Poland (79).

“After two years of immobility in the figures, 2016 has brought a return of the downward trend, in the last six years, fatalities decreased by 19%,” said community sources. However, although this trend in road accidents in the continent is described as encouraging, the same sources say that they “could be insufficient” to meet the goal set by the European Union to halve the number of fatalities between 2010 and 2020 .

“The statistics… show a significant improvement and constitute an excellent basis to continue working, but it is not a matter of numbers, but loss of lives and families affected by it. EU roadways and the number of seriously injured will be five times higher. I would like to invite all stakeholders to step up their efforts to halve the number of road fatalities between 2010 and 2020,” concluded Transport Commissioner, Violeta Bulc.

### Crash Barriers to be Replaced

The Spanish Government has unanimously approved a motion calling for measures to improve the safety motorcycle riders, including the replacement of crash barriers with alternative deflection equipment in areas prone to high motorbike casualty figures.



The motion was presented by the Ciudadanos political group, and approved by 311 deputies from all political parties.

As well as on the national road network, instructions will be sent to local municipalities to ensure all roads comply with the new ruling.

The overall plan also calls for a further set of measures, such as identifying the most dangerous sections of roads and informing motorists of their location through all available means, improving the quality and maintenance of roads, reducing potholes, gravel and other obstacles and increasing the traction.

Finally, the proposal urged the promotion of training programs for drivers and bikers, as well as campaigns aimed at alerting all road users, including motorcyclists, of the dangers on mixed traffic, and urging everybody to drive within the confines of law, and with a more sensible attitude to all.

### Preparing for Easter

As one of the busiest periods of the year on Spain´s roads gets underway, the DGT has launched a special operation to ensure the safest and smoothest flow of traffic, as the sharp increase in vehicles offers a potential for delays, incidents and other traffic problems.



The Plan

The special operation runs from 15:00 on Friday, April 7, until midnight on Monday the 17th, when approximately 14.8 million long-distance journeys are expected.

Unlike other vacation periods, in which the displacements are more staggered, during the Easter period a large number of movements take place in a very short period of time, with origins and similar destinations (tourist areas on the coast and mountain regions and second homes, this time areas of religious interest are also popular, thus generating a higher concentration of vehicles at designated times.

As a result, the operation is divided into two separate phases over the ten-day period. The first phase runs from 15:00 on Friday, 7 April and will end at midnight on Sunday 9 April. During Phase 1, it is anticipated that there will be 3.6 million trips.

The second phase, which is more important than the previous one due to the volume of vehicle movements along the entire road network, will start on Wednesday, April 12, except in the community of Catalonia that will begin the following day. Phase 2 will end at midnight on Monday, April 17, with the return operation that will take place from Saturday afternoon, will last throughout Sunday and Easter Monday, as some areas recognise the Monday as a holiday, such as the Balearics, Catalonia, Comunidad Valenciana, Navarra, Basque Country and La Rioja.

In the rest of the communities, although it is not a festive day, it is a non-school day for schoolchildren and university students, so it is expected that there will also be a significant amount of return movements towards the large urban centres.

As much as possible, if you do have to drive, avoid the busiest periods.



Safety Measures

In order to ensure a smoother flow of traffic, there will be a variety of procedures implemented, including the creation of temporary additional lanes in high volume areas, the cancellation of all none essential road works, restricting road closures due to sporting events, and restrictions on the movement of dangerous goods.

In addition, alternative routes will be planned and signposted, offering options to some of the most popular destinations, and ways of avoiding traffic queues. These routes can be seen on the DGT website, dgt.es, where you can also see a live overview of the national traffic situation, and adjust your route plans accordingly.

You can also use the DGT app, available from the Play Store and App Store, which also offers route and traffic information, and you can follow @informacionDGT on Twitter.

Monitoring the Flow

In order to maintain a safer network, all available officers from the Guardia Civil Traffic department will be on duty throughout the entire period, supported by more than 13,000 road workers, 800 technicians, and the support of other emergency services.

In the Spotlight

During this Easter period, traffic officers will be paying close attention to secondary roads, intensifying monitoring for some of the most dangerous practices, including speed, the wearing of seatbelts, the use of mobile phones, alcohol and drugs, illegal and dangerous overtaking, driving too close, and others. In fact, there will be a zero tolerance policy in place for alcohol and drug use, with random checkpoints in place throughout the period, day and night.

Other forces will be assisting in monitoring traffic too, with the DGT providing equipment such as radar cars to local police forces so they can monitor roads for speeding drivers, and have provided more equipment and training for alcohol and drugs checks at a local level.

Remember also that all vehicle occupants must be wearing a seatbelt. If no seatbelt is available, such as in the case of a back seat which only has two seatbelts, then a passenger cannot be carried. One seatbelt per person. Children under 1.35 metres are not allowed in the front seats, and all children must be properly restrained in a seat suitable to their height and weight. Adults must also be properly restrained, wearing the seatbelt correctly.

The officers on the ground will also be supported from the air, with all 12 of the DGT´s helicopters ready to take flight, including the 8 which are equipped with Pegasus monitoring equipment, looking for speeding and dangerous drivers, and for the use of seatbelts and mobile phones.

The new network of monitoring cameras will also be live, now issuing fines to those caught by these new watchful eyes.

Busier than Normal

It is expected that Easter this year will be even busier than previous operations, with an increase in vehicles and movements. There is also advice to consider if you actually need to use the car, and whether public transport might be a better option.

If you are going to take the car, always check the vehicle before any long journey, looking at the lights, tyres, windows and liquids. Plan your journey in advance, allowing plenty of time to reach your destination. Take plenty of breaks on long trips, take your time, stay calm, and enjoy the journey.

### Spain Asks For Help Policing Foreign Drivers

Spain´s DGT has called for strengthened mechanisms to be implemented to simplify sanctions of foreign drivers, after Brussels denounces the lack of cooperation between countries.



DGT officials in Malta, where the EU High Level Road Safety Group meeting was held, said that “The volume of the [fines] that are processed makes the system [approved in a Community directive] insufficient in terms of efficiency and efficacy”, reporting that only 50% of the files opened end with the fine being paid, according to a Brussels report.

The request from the Spanish Government comes after a Commission report published late last year reproached the twenty-eight countries who had not “exploited the full potential” of the electronic system designed to exchange information on traffic offences. In this regard, Brussels denounced the lack of cooperation between countries. For example, Portugal, who does not exchange data.

The DGT want to take action against more dangerous foreign drivers who do not maintain the safety distance, carry out dangerous overtaking or parking, putting safety at risk. Three modalities that are not considered in the current Community directive, which only allows to provide data for speeding, failing to stop at a traffic light, riding without a helmet, the use of the mobile phones, not using the belt, driving in a prohibited lane, and driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

“We are going to work to be the first,” said Gregorio Serrano, Director General of the DGT, after the EU published the latest data. “We are told at the meeting of the European Union that Spain is the fourth safest country in road safety. About traffic accidents. According to this report, Spain is still among the countries with the lowest rate of victims, although it has increased by 2% in 2016 compared to 2015. Last year, 37 deaths per million inhabitants were recorded, compared to 36 in the previous year - in 2010, they were 56 per million, which implies a decrease of 33%.

### Torrevieja N-332 Widening Plan Faces Further Setback

Hopes for widening of the N-332 as it passes through Torrevieja have met the latest in a decade-long list of problems, this time because the project plan has been rejected by the Ministry of Public Works as it contains thirteen major deficiencies, and was submitted late.

Much of the N-332 was widened as part of a major road redevelopment plan, but the eight-kilometre stretch through Torrevieja was left without any significant changes to the road, where traffic far exceeds the capacity, especially during touristic seasons such as Easter and summer, where traffic is normally brought to a standstill, and incidents are a plenty, some with fatal consequences.

At the time, many politicians blames the ruling local PP for their lack of action in submitting the plans, a subject which then became a political battle point for the last ten years, without any actual action taking place to resolve it.

The regional government are responsible for submitting the project to central government, who will be footing the bill, on behalf of the municipality, which, in August of 2006 when this should have been done, were all run by the Partido Popular. Now, after a decade of political blame, the PP run central government have rejected the plan submitted by the socialist-led regional government on behalf of the coalition-run municipality.

The Mayor of Torrevieja, José Manuel Dolón, has presented the problems to the press and explained how he has called for an urgent meeting with all levels of government involved, so that the problem can be resolved once and for all.

On this occasion, the eight-month-late project plan contains thirteen deficiencies, including “the lack of concretion of the land expropriated to carry out the works” and even the fact that the “necessary land is insufficient to execute it”.

The latest plan would see the road widened to just “a few metres from houses” in some places, which would cause “problems of acoustic impact”. Other locations are lacking any kind of adequate drainage and flood defence.

The government has set aside funds for the work, to the tune of a million euro per year, but still, without the correct project plan being in place, drivers will still face the same problems, albeit of an increasing magnitude, until the action can finally be resolved.

### Facebook Live with N332 and Mas Amigos

Last week, the N332 team gave a talk to the Mas Amigos association in Torrevieja.

Mas Amigos is a group dedicated to supporting the local Nordic communities in and around the town, and had asked for a talk for their members.

Sadly, because of the size of the venue, many people were left on a waiting list, unable to attend the event in person, and so the group organisers came up with a solution to the problem, by broadcasting the entire talk live on Facebook.

That session was then not only watched by hundreds of people live, it is also recorded on Facebook for others to watch at their own convenience.



During the course of the talk, a little bit of background information on the N332 project was given, including the celebration of reaching over 90,000 likes on Facebook. However, during the course of the talk, that figure increased once more, with the Facebook page now having more than 100,000 people subscribing to regular updates.

If you would like to see the presentation yourself, we have embedded the video below.




 

### N332 Visits Torrevieja U3A

This week, members of N332 visited the U3A group in Torrevieja, to carry out what has become an annual talk with the members of this association.

The municipal meeting centre in Torrevieja played host to the event, with several hundred guests being treated to information about the latest changes in traffic law, and the preparations for Easter.

### Driver Fined for Falsifying Disabled Permit

A court in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria has condemned a 46-year-old woman to pay a fine of 540 euro, after the woman used a forged disabled parking badge to park her vehicle in places reserved for people with reduced mobility (PMR).



Officers from the local police were carrying out a check on vehicles parked at the Guanarteme Health Centre when they noticed the vehicle displaying the PMR in the windscreen, whilst parked in a reserved bay.

Having carried out routine checks, the officers concluded the card to be fake and reported the driver for the offences. The officers withdrew the card and filed the case with the courts, who issued a 200€ fine for illegally parking in a disabled bay, and a 340€ fine for falsifying the documents.

### N332 Meets the No Smoking Club

Last week, members of the N332 team visited the No Smoking Club in Torrevieja, to give a presentation on road safety matters to their members.



The El Paraiso restaurant was packed out as the members attended the talk and met with the team.



This is the latest talk in the current schedule, which takes us through to Easter, before taking a break during the busy periods, to return in the autumn.

### New Campaign to Discourage Mobile Use

A new campaign has been launched by the DGT, aimed at attempting to raise awareness of the dangers of using a mobile phone, by using humour as their means of delivering the message.

The Minister of the Interior, Juan Ignacio Zoido, launched the campaign which is hoped will become a viral message spread through social media.

The campaign utilises the popular comedic skills of the comedy group Tricicle, formed of three actors, Joan Gracia, Paco Mir and Carles Sans, in order to deliver the very serious message of the danger of distractions during driving, especially the increasingly frequent use of the mobile phone.

 





Zoido said, “We want to universalize a simple, friendly and cordial gesture that serves to warn those drivers or pedestrians who are using their mobile phone while driving or crossing the road of the risk involved in using their phones”, and there is “no one better than Tricicle for expressing the message with a simple gesture”.

By utilising social media platforms it is hoped that the message will reach as many people as possible, especially as social media users are amongst a growing group who don’t realise that the problem is not only in talking to people on the phone, checking Facebook or Twitter on your device, for example, is equally dangerous.

A video has been released to accompany the campaign, with the simple message, “At the wheel, don’t use your mobile”, which is available on various social media accounts already.

Distractions cause 30% of all fatal incidents, so that at least 500 people die each year in traffic incidents where distraction appears as a concurrent factor. Among the most frequent distractions is the use of the mobile, an action that is classified as a very dangerous practice by 94% of drivers, according to the study of the RACC and, despite the danger 43% of all young people “WhatsApp” whilst driving, according to another survey of more than 6,000 young Europeans.

When dialling a number on a mobile phone in a vehicle travelling at 120 kilometres per hour, a distance of 429 metres is travelled, the equivalent of around 4 football fields. If we write a message, we travel 660 metres blind. According to the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, using the mobile to send messages involves three forms of distraction: visual distraction while the eyes are reading the screen; Cognitive distraction, the mind is busy elaborating the message and manual distraction as the fingers are typing the letters or buttons. The combined result being that the actions multiply the possibility of an incident by 23 times.

“We have an important awareness ahead of the real risk of using the mobile while driving. Nothing is so urgent that I cannot wait a few minutes”, said Zoido.

Part of the campaign is encouraging anybody who witness drivers, or pedestrians crossing the road, to make a hand gesture indicating hanging up the phone, similar to a campaign from a few years ago that encourage a finger wag and the phrase “oi” to be used towards drivers.

More people have been seen making the gesture, including the Director General of the DGT, Gregorio Serrano, who posted his video on the official Facebook page.

### New Service Looks After the Pets of Injured Owners

It is a continual concern for many pet owners, especially those who live alone with only their beloved animal companion for company, what would happen if an incident results in the human being hospitalised because of a traffic collision or serious illness, and the animal being left home alone?



Ambulancias Lorca, a professional medical transport service based in Lorca in the Murcia Region, have answered the question with considerable reassurance, by launching this new service, called AMAR, which promises to look after the animals for free, until the owner is able to return to their home.

In the event of the animal being involved in the traffic incident, they will attend the scene and transport the animal to a safe place, such as a veterinary surgery or a designated animal hotel. In the more likely scenario of the pet being left home alone, they will arrange access to the property and provide the care needed, for as long as it’s needed, all for free.

The owner will receive daily updates to their mobile phone of the health and wellbeing of the animal, and the progress of the care being given, so as to give peace of mind to the owner that their companion is also in safe hands.

However, in the event of the owner passing away as a result of the incident which prompted their involvement, the group will also arrange for fostering and adoption of the animal.

The service, which is run by volunteers and supported by a multidisciplinary network of collaborators who will ensure the welfare of the animal at all times, is sadly only available in the area covered by this company, which is around Lorca, Águilas, Puerto Lumbreras, Totana and Aledo, known as “Área III de Salud de la Región de Murcia”.

 

### New Cameras to keep a Watchful Eye by Easter

By Easter, road users in Spain will be more protected than ever, as an additional 200 smart cameras are activated around the country, looking for those using a mobile phone or other electronic device whilst driving, and those not wearing a seatbelt.



It was in January of this year that the Minister of the Interior, Juan Ignacio Zoido, announced before the Traffic Safety Commission of the Congress of Deputies, that the Traffic Directorate was to monitor the use of the seatbelts by installing these cameras.

The initiative is part of a plan by the DGT to reduce the number of incidents on the roads of the country, after data for 2016 revealed that the figures had risen for the first time in 13 years after a steady decline.

At that time, the Interior Minister stated that the location of these cameras would be made available to the public through the DGT website. Now, the opinion is once again changing to suggest that not making their whereabouts known would increase the number of offences recorded, and therefore would lead to more results by education through enforcement. Therefore, although the locations will be revealed publically, the exact location will be approximate, thus, hopefully, giving a wider coverage of vigilance where drivers act more responsibly over a larger distance.

The new equipment, may well also appear at locations where drivers may have become used to seeing none-enforcement cameras operating, and in other locations which have been protected by nothing more than warnings in the past, as the DGT becomes more aggressive in trying to clamp down on dangerous practices, as so many drivers themselves have failed to take action to reduce the risks themselves.

The more modern cameras take a series of images, several per second, from 500 metres away, which covers all occupants in the vehicle, automatically detecting infractions, such as the driver using a mobile phone or other device, and if all the occupants are wearing seatbelts or child restraints, in the case of children being carried.

The cameras are similar to those of speed controls but the system files seven evidential images which are then analysed by a computer. If the computer considers that an infringement is being committed, the penalty will ultimately be imposed following a human check of the images.

During the initial testing phase of these new cameras, if the cameras detect an infraction then the offender will be informed, by means of a letter, of the obligation to comply with road safety regulations. In the communication, the owner of the vehicle must identify the driver, in a process similar to that carried out with the fines.

This test phase for the new cameras will last only a short time as the DGT intends to start the official process of issuing fines in time for the Easter operations on the roads, one of the busiest times of the year.

By then, if you’re caught by a camera, the vehicle owner will automatically receive a 200 euro fine and will also entail the loss of three points.

### Always Wear your Seatbelt

All this week, including through the weekend, officers from the Guardia Civil, supported by colleagues from the National, Regional and Local Police, are keeping a watchful eye on the roads, paying particularly close attention to the wearing of seatbelts and correct child restraint systems.

The first point to make is that the statistics show how using a seatbelt reduces the risk of death by a half, a message repeated by countless authorities, experts and support organisation around the world.

It is also important to remember that children under 135 centimetres in height must sit in the rear seats, and be properly restrained in an appropriate, secured device. There are exceptions, such as if the vehicle doesn’t have rear seats, or if the rear seats are already occupied by children, but the rule is clear, children are not permitted in the front seats under normal circumstances.

In 2015, the last year of which completed data is registered, 22% (159) of those who lost their lives in cars or vans on interurban roads were not wearing a seatbelt. On urban roads, the figure was 19 out of 70 of those killed. Many of those people are most likely to still be alive today, had they been wearing a seatbelt.

The use of seatbelts and child restraints is compulsory for all occupants of a vehicle, on any route (either short or long) and on any road (urban or interurban).

It is a basic and fundamental element of road safety and its use has saved thousands of lives. According to several European Union studies, fastening the seat belt when travelling in a vehicle would save the lives of more than 7,000 people in the European Union each year.

Using the seatbelt in the front seats protects the occupants from getting thrown from the vehicle or impacting the dashboard. Using the seatbelt in the rear seats prevents the occupant impacting with the seat in front and causing further injury to other vehicle occupants. In a frontal impact, the likelihood that one occupant of the rear seats will mortally hit another passenger in the front seats is multiplied by eight

A frontal crash at 80 kilometres per hour, without wearing a seatbelt is often accompanied by death or serious injury.

The message is simple, always wear your seatbelt.

### New Measures to Monitor ITV and Vehicle History

As part of the new wave of reforms aimed at modernising traffic monitoring and road safety, the DGT has announced the creation and propagation of a database of vehicle movements and history, which will then be checkable by future interested parties.

The technology behind this scheme will see camera installed around the road network, and at the entrances and exits of towns and cities, which will record the registration number of vehicles as they pass.

The database will also link to the ITV test reports, recording faults or issues, and will collate information from traffic incidents, crashes and repairs.

The maintenance schedule will not initially be mandatory, but will be based on a technological platform that will collect the digitized workshop sheets that record all the operations that are done on the vehicle. Because not all workshops have the appropriate computer technology, a deadline will be given for them to adapt.

In addition, to make drivers aware of the need to pass the ITV (between 1.5 and 2 million vehicles are currently believed to be on the roads without a valid certificate), the DGT will deploy intensive campaigns which will be repeated periodically.

At the moment, when speed detecting radars detect a vehicle that exceeds the speed limits, it automatically checks if the ITV has been passed and if it has mandatory insurance in place.

Now, according to Gregorio Serrano, the Director General of the DGT, it is a matter of taking one step further and will not only be controlled through the radars, but also with the licence plate readers that are installed in the vicinity of the roads and other points of the road network.

When they is detect that the vehicle has not passed the ITV or if it went for an inspection and failed, the DGT will automatically send a warning. If, on the second occasion, appropriate action has not been taken, the DGT will automatically issue a fine.

### Increased Risk of Forest Fires

This week, we have seen forest fires locally at La Mata at the weekend, then at Santa Pola. The area is now on high alert for the risk of forest fires, even though it´s only March. In fact, collected data February has already revealed that, despite some downpours, the month was one degree warmer than normal, with very dry and dusty air.

It is believed that the majority of these fires are caused by human interaction, although seldom intentional, irresponsibility can lead to devastation.

In Spain, it is estimated that more than 80% of all forest fires are caused by humans. In America incidentally the figure is as many as 90%.

Through simple awareness and action we can all do something to reduce the risks of forest fires. Taking all your rubbish home and depositing it in a safe place is one easy task. You probably remember old TV public service announcements about how glass can start a fire, but any litter can be a contributing factor to fire.

Smoking paraphernalia is perhaps the worst contributor however. Throwing a smouldering match or an almost extinguished cigarette butt is a recipe for disaster. If you do smoke, make sure that you dispose of all of your smoking materials safely and correctly, not just on the ground.

There are a variety of processes implemented to try to reduce the risk of fire, including a ban during the hottest months on farmers and industrial locations starting controlled fires, and there are also fines for individuals caught risking the threat of fire, such as throwing a cigarette out the car window?

If you do throw a cigarette out of a car window, lit or otherwise, you could be risking the lives of many people as forest fires are relentless and run so easily out of control, therefore you will be fined on the spot if you are seen.

The law is quite clear, “No person in any vehicle shall throw or discharge from or upon any road or motorway or adjoining area, public or private, any lit or non lit cigarette”.

If you do get caught you face a fine of 200 euro and 4 points deducted from your license. Do it more than once and you are getting closer to a ban.

It might seem harsh and expensive, but when you consider the damage that can be caused by laziness or sometimes simple stupidity, you might soon realise that it is not expensive at all, so please don´t do it for everybody´s sake.

### Barcelona Bans Older Cars

In a meeting held this week, Barcelona has agreed to ban cars which are over 20 years old from driving on the road on working days in 40 municipalities.

The move is aimed at reducing pollution, as part of the government´s strategy to reduced emissions by 30% within 15 years, and by 10% in the next 5 years.

The restrictions will not come into force until 2019 however, when cars registered before 1997 and vans before 1994, will not be allowed to drive on working days.

Between now and 2019, plans will be made for the implementation of the scheme, including an awareness campaign, and strengthening public transport links in areas which may be considered deficient. The first stage of the plan will be presented before July of this year.

### CCTV Shows Dramatic Petrol Station Crash

Dramatic footage from a CCTV system at a petrol station has been going viral through social networks, featuring a near catastrophic crash that ended with nothing but superficial damage.



In the video we see a Guardia Civil patrol car getting fuel at the roadside station. Some cars pass on the main road, before one car turns into the forecourt.



Immediately after we see an red car swerve into the petrol station, clip one of the pillars, and leave the shot.



At first glance, many people commented that the red car was at fault, as it was travelling too fast. Whereas inappropriate speed may have been a contributing factor, the quick reactions of the red car driver resulted in the avoidance of disaster.



On the main road, we see that a silver car is approaching in the opposite direction. This car begins a move to turn left into the petrol station, which would cross the path of the red car. The red car took evasive action to avoid this.



We also see that there is a solid white line on the road and, in the distance, the end of a no overtaking section clearly marked. The silver car should not have turned there and carried out an illegal move. It is also clear that the driver of the silver car failed to see or judge the approaching red car.

### Children Found Trapped in Crashed Car with Dead Father at the Wheel

Two children, aged 5 and 6, and their 27-year old mother spent the night inside a crashed vehicle in the Valencia town of Montitxelo, trapped with their father, a 36-year old man, who had been killed in the crash.



An investigation is being carried out to determine what caused the tragedy, but the vehicle left the road and overturned in a field at night.

It wasn´t until the morning that the vehicle was located by an agricultural worker, who immediately called the emergency services.

When the rescuers arrived at the scene they found the mother trapped in the vehicle, along with the girl, with the young boy outside the car in a state of shock.

All of the survivors were transferred to hospital for treatment.

### Notorious Santa Pola Junction to get Warning Signs

The Infrastructure Ministry of the Spanish Central Government has confirmed the installation of road signs to reinforce the warnings of the potential dangers of a notorious junction on the N-332 in Santa Pola.



The local council had requested action in January, wanting the installation of rumble strips and signs at the location near to an abandoned hotel at kilometre 88 of the N-332, where traffic crosses on a curve, with reduced visibility, in order to access and egress the town´s main through route.

The local council also wanted to divert drivers away from this junction, by recommending the use of the access road to the CV-865, which offers a much safer alternative than the current “black spot”.

The Ministry has declined the request for rumble strips as these are not compatible near residential areas, on account of the noise disturbance to residents. They have also declined the request to provide alternative route signs, as this is not possible under the technical regulations of road signage.

They will however install signs warning of the increased potential danger at the junction, so as to make more drivers aware of the need for taking extra precautions.

The location is still part of a planning proposal to revise the junction and make access safer, with a substantial budget already prepared, but the consultation has not yet taken place as other locations have been taking priority. Following the most recent incident only last week, the local council is asking for the government to give a higher priority to this project in order to prevent other serious incidents in the future.

No timescale has been given for the installation of the signs.

### Trailer Theft Gang Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested a group allegedly responsible for a series of violent thefts of truck trailers across the Vega Baja, which they would subsequently sell in Madrid.



Two men and a woman have been arrested for the crimes, as well as allegedly being involved in drug trafficking.

The investigation began in August when the gang were thought to have been involved in the robbery of 24,000 euro from a currency exchange office on the Orihuela Costa. The offenders fled the scene on a motorbike.

Officers from Pilar de la Horadada identified the suspects in that case and related them to a series of thefts of two truck trailers from the Alicante town of Ibi, close to the A-7 motorway.

The officers then related the case to an organisation involved in trafficking drugs, including cocaine, hashish and marijuana.

During the raids in Torrevieja and Rojales, officers seized two high-end vehicles, each valued at 25,000 euro, two high-powered motorcycles, a large amount of cash, numerous electronic devices, including 12 mobile phones and a laptop. Officers also seized 640 grams of marijuana, 30 grams of cocaine and 50 grams of hashish, two indoor plantations of 130 plants, and a variety of drug related paraphernalia.

The two trucks were also recovered, before the gang had managed to take them to Madrid, with one of them already prepared with false plates and documentation, with licence plates stolen from Murcia.

Those arrested were two Spaniards, aged 30 and 28 years of age, and a 28-year-old Bulgarian from the Torrevieja and Rojales area. The two men were remanded in custody whilst the woman was released pending further investigations.

### Mobile Phone Use on the Increase

Despite the warning, fines, threats and fatalities, the use of mobile phones whilst driving is on the increase. The invention of the smart phone hasn´t helped, with many people keen to constantly monitor and update their social network profiles, keep up to date with what their friends are doing, and make sure nothing is missed.

From the 1st of March in the UK, drivers using their mobile phone face even tougher fines than before, with a 200 pound fine and 6 points on their licence.

For new drivers the penalties are even tougher. If you´re caught using your mobile whilst driving in the first two-years after passing your test, it´s all over. You immediately lose your licence and face a retest.

Many people, including those who have fallen victim of drivers distracted using their mobile, may well argue that the penalties are still not severe enough. After all, despite mobile phone use fines being amongst the most popular issued, using the mobile is still not considered a problem by some.

In the UK, the awareness of the dangers of using a mobile fall under the “FATAL4”, where inappropriate speed, using mobile phones while driving, not wearing seatbelts and drinking or drug and driving are highlighted as being the four biggest contributors to fatal collisions. Of course, the point really is that the FATAL4 are all within the control of the driver, and so individual responsibility is paramount.

The action of “using a mobile phone” is also seemingly confusing for some, including here in Spain. Just because it is not near your ear, or you are holding in on “speaker” does not constitute safe practice, you are still using your mobile. The same applies to updating social media or using WhatsApp, the actions still cause distractions and are not allowed.

We must also remember that in Spain, the use of Bluetooth earpieces and headsets is also banned whilst driving. The only safe way of using a mobile is by having a true hands-free device in the vehicle, although still can still be a distraction.

Currently, if you´re caught using your mobile phone in Spain you face a 200 euro fine and the loss of 3 points.

### The Cartagena Social Centre Receives a Talk from N332

Last week, Francisco Morales, a serving Guardia Civil traffic officer based in Torrevieja and the head of the N332 Facebook team, visited the Social Centre in Cartagena to give a talk on road safety to a group of young people.



The talk covered various aspects of using the road safely, including as a pedestrian, cyclist and a driver, as well as being given some background information on the Guardia Civil and their operations.



The talk was made possible through the use of equipment donated through the N332 Road Safety Project. In December, Al Andalus Car Hire and N332 joined together to provide the centre with a projector and screen along with a tripod for holding the projector, so that the children who study in the centre will have the opportunity of seeing presentations made by their teachers without the need to ask to borrow a projector from the Town Hall.

It is hoped that through such collaborations as this with the supporters of the project that the message of “Working together for safer roads” becomes embedded in people from an early age, and shows road safety, traffic policing and the Guardia Civil in a more positive light, setting them up for a brighter and safer future.

### Seville Police Catch Dangerous Driver

Officers from the Local Police in Seville arrested a 34-year-old man for crimes against road safety, after he caused a car crash in which 2 women were injured on Sunday evening.

At first, the driver denied any kind of responsibility for the crash, which occurred in the Pino Montano area, and fled the scene and so the police were called to attend.

Several officers who were on duty for a special event attended, along with an ambulance, to find the man return five minutes later, having been warned by his wife to do so.

The officers first became suspicious when the wife then claimed that she was driving the vehicle, and were becoming increasingly concerned by the physical characteristics presented to them. The man was showing signs of intoxication and was becoming more and more agitated. He also had his right leg in plaster.

The officers conducted a breathalyser test and found him to be twice over the legal limit. The investigation at the scene revealed that excessive speed was the most likely initial cause of the crash, with the victim´s vehicle being shunted around 30 metres in the road. The two women in the vehicle were treated at the scene for minor injuries.

The conclusion of the investigation against the driver confirmed that excessive alcohol, having his leg in plaster and not holding a valid licence all contributed to the crash which now sees him before a judge facing criminal charges.

### Spanish Government Approves Blue Lights for All Emergency Vehicles

The Congressional Road Safety Commission have approved the move for all emergency service vehicles to use blue lights, rather than amber, in line with the EU.

Traditionally, only the security services such as the Guardia Civil and police would use blue lights when operating as priority vehicles, with ambulances, fire and other priority vehicles using orange lights, the same as slow moving or special vehicles, which some drivers found confusing.

The change has already been approved by previous congressional committees, in 2006, 2010 and 2011, but had not been previously implemented. Now, as the Spanish Government is in a stable position, the move received 37 votes in favour, with 2 abstentions, the intention being to improve road safety.

The committee also approved an awareness campaign for road users so that everybody is clear of the need to give way to priority vehicles displaying blue lights.

Irene Rivera, the deputy for the Ciudadanos political group, who had raised the motion, had highlighted that some emergency vehicles, such as fire tenders, had lost valuable minutes when attending emergencies, as some road users thought they were just garbage trucks or slow moving vehicles. Associations representing fire fighters and the Protección Civil had both asked for the change to be implemented.

At the same time, the committee approved an initiative proposed by the Partido Popular to raise awareness of the human responsibility factor, intending to promote self-awareness of an attitude towards zero tolerance towards risk and risky behaviour on the roads.

The PP´s deputy, Óscar Gamazo, highlighted that the biggest growing cause in road traffic incidents in Spain is distractions, mostly caused by the use of the mobile phone whilst driving. Meanwhile, alcohol and drug use also pose a significant problem, along with inappropriate speed, all of which are factors that the driver is responsible for, and the awareness should focus on the responsibility of all road users.

### The Roundabout Crash Question Answered

The N332 Facebook team posted a video with a question, asking “Under the Spanish Traffic Law, who is at fault in this car accident? Why?”





Firstly, we must remember two basic rules, the first being that, in Spain, we always drive on the right, in fact as far right as possible, and we always have to leave the roundabout from the right-hand lane. We must also remember, as with all traffic rules, unless signs or signals tell us otherwise.

As we observe the road on approach to the roundabout we can see road signs and markings on the road. These signs tell us that vehicles should be in the right-hand lane, the normal driving lane, to turn right or continue straight ahead. 



The markings also tell us that vehicles should be in the left-hand lane if they want to turn left, or continue straight ahead. This layout is what UK-trained drivers would consider to be a normal practice, apart from the side of the road and the direction being reversed.



When enter the roundabout, we are in the left-hand lane still, the white car is in the right-hand lane. 



Both vehicles pass the first exit of the roundabout in those respective lanes. When we reach the second exit from the roundabout, the white car continues around the roundabout and the video-equipped car collides with it.



The white car was not indicating. Under Spanish law, there is no requirement to indicate until leaving the roundabout, therefore there is no requirement (in law) for the white car to be indicating. There is a concept known as a “courtesy indicator”, in which the white car could have indicated left to show the intention of continuing, but this is not required by law.

The white car can continue in that right-hand lane all the way around the roundabout, irrespective of which exit it intends to take. The right-hand lane is the normal driving lane.

The video-equipped vehicle is attempting to leave the roundabout from the left-hand lane. Whereas the markings on the approach to the roundabout did indicate that the vehicle should be in the left-hand lane, those markings we on the approach. We are still required to exit the roundabout from the right-hand lane (unless signs or signals tell us otherwise, in this case signs or signals on the roundabout, not on the approach).



The video-equipped car impacts the white car which is continuing in the normal driving lane.



The correct course of action should have been that once the video-equipped vehicle has passed the exit before the one the driver intends to use (or sooner), the driver should have carried out a manoeuvre to move into the right-hand lane, in this case behind the white vehicle, so as to have a clear exit route from the roundabout.

In this instance, the driver of the video-equipped vehicle was in the wrong lane.

The usual reason for determining lanes on approach to roundabouts like this is in order to improve traffic flow. The likelihood is, in this case, more traffic would be turning right, and so the right-hand approach lane could become more congested, by moving traffic intending to go left into the other lane, eases that congestion, but only on the approach. Normal roundabout rules still apply.

### New Trafico Office Opens in Elche

A new trafico office has opened in Elche, dealing with such matters as driving licence and vehicle documentation, as well as fines and sanctions, thus avoiding the previous requirement of visiting the office in Alicante.

Appointments can be booked through the DGT website, www.dgt.es, where you can choose the day and hour of your preference in the office located on Calle Fuensalida, number 5, 03293, Elche, Alicante (click the address for a link to the map).



The DGT hopes that the new office will reduce the waiting time and provide a better service to drivers, who had, in the past, often faced considerable delays in obtaining appointments.



Once you have selected the appointment section on the website (look for the button that resembles a calendar), then request an appointment (Solicitar Cita Previa en Jefaturas). You then have to choose your office (Selecciona una oficina), in this case Alicante/Alicant-Elche, and then the type of visit you are intending to carry out, office procedures (Trámites de oficina), Renewal of Drivers EU Licence (Renovación de permisos de conducción (solo UE/EEE)), Driving Licence Exchange (Canjes de permisos de conducción), or European Driving Licence Exchange (Canje de permiso de conducción europeo).

In the next stage, depending what you have selected previously, you will be given advice (in Spanish) as to what documents are required, and how to pay for your selected procedure. Once you have the information and documents, you can then click continue (Continuar) and fill in your personal details. Alternatively, you can nominate a person to represent you, in which case there is a section to add their details.

Then the computer system will then show you the available days and times of appointments, so you can choose the one that suits you best. At the beginning, appointments will be shown for the ten days following the day on which you request the appointment.

Once you have selected the day and time, the system will ask you to confirm the appointment and you can then set a reminder which shows the appointment details. In the event of having to change or cancel the appointment, you can do so through the system, or by calling 060 (in Spanish).

### More Rumble Strips Being Installed

As part of the current wave of safety improvements to the roads of Spain, the DGT plans to install rumble strips along a further 3,000 kilometres of routes.

The rumble strips would be placed along the side of the road in places, so that if a vehicle begins to drift from the path, the driver would be alerted by the vibrations from the wheels.

These strips are also being installed in the centre of the carriageway in many places, so as to avoid head on collisions, similar to those already installed along the N-332 near Torrevieja.



There are a number of different ways in which these rumble strips are created. The most popular is to use a mixture of paint, plastic and glass spheres, which raises the road surface by 3 millimetres, and are highly reflective.

Other methods are cut into the tarmac or other road surface, providing a similar function to the painted strips, but easier to install in the first instance.



It is estimated that these lines would avoid more than 600 road traffic victims a year on secondary roads. In 2015, 971 people died on conventional roads and of these, 451 were on account of the vehicle straying from the lane.

However, not everybody appreciates the changes and the potential life-saving characteristics. A number of motorcycle groups have already come out in protest of the change, saying that these rumble strips pose an additional risk to motorcyclists, and, although they might save the lives of larger vehicle users, there is likely to be an increase in the number of motorbike related incidents as a result.

The plan for installing the rumble strips continues, despite the protests, with the first priority being given to roads with a higher number of incidents.

### Keep Calm and Learn About your Car

In recent years, different safety devices such as blind spot detectors, autonomous emergency braking or parking sensors have been incorporated into vehicles, but the amount of information they provide and the number of systems that must be kept under control can also create an increase in the level of distraction whilst driving, especially when there is a lack of real understanding as to what each of the alerts and warnings may display.

There are many systems that help make driving safer. Most of them hide behind names and acronyms that not everyone understands. Systems like ABS, ESP, BAS, traction control or blind spot control are part of the elements that, little by little, have made their way in modern cars.

A recent study by RACE and Castrol revealed that the lack of knowledge about the operation of these technologies can have a negative effect on driving, as 6% of drivers become frightened by these systems, some 13% become stressed, and 25% report being distracted.

It is necessary to know the operation of each system to avoid that apprehensive feeling and anxiety caused by the use of technology that generates a continuous tension in the conduction known as 'technological stress'. A cars cockpit has become less like a wheel and a few levers, and more like that of the Space Shuttle in recent years, and pilots are trained extensively in the use of their complex systems, a driver has to rely on a manual at best, assuming the driver actually bothers to read it of course.

That is the real solution however, read the manual, search You Tube, search the internet, and train yourself for every device on your vehicle. Do so before you take to the road, practice and prepare for the eventualities that might present themselves.

Also, according to RACC studies, ignorance or overconfidence in technology directly influence driving. Thus, if the system alerts the driver when exceeding the speed limit but the control is automatic, the driver can forget about the accelerator and cause excessive relaxation on fast roads.

For its part, Spanish and German researchers have developed a system that analyses the behaviour of the driver, and, based on the data collected (speed, changes of gear, acceleration, etc), makes a series of recommendations in real time, according to the Confederation National Driving School (CNAE).

What happens in the mind?

This stress caused by the technologies in the vehicle directly affects our psychophysical state. According to Luis Montoro, president of the Spanish Foundation for Road Safety, Fundación Española para la Seguridad Vial (FESVIAL), stress is a general process of adaptation to the environment whose problems appear when their level is very intense and is maintained for a long time. If the adaptation to this medium, in this case the technologies behind the wheel, is permanent, the mind cannot rest and, consequently, the body will perform negative actions.

Health and driving concentration have to be compatible to drive safely. With the changing mode of information and the constant advancement of telecommunications, it seems that you can never keep up with technological developments. According to Antonio Cano Vindel, president of the Spanish Society for the Study of Anxiety and Stress, driving stress depends on the level of knowledge. While learning to drive, a level of disturbance is generated and it has an impact on an emotion associated with stress, which is anxiety.

The amount of data that the driver can visualize and take into account while driving can fatigue you and, even worse, distract your attention by taking care of other data and taking your eyes off the road. Driving requires a level of concentration appropriate to the circumstances and any type of distraction can cause a road error with fatal consequences.

### Keep your Number Plate Clear

The number plate on a vehicle serves as a unique visible indicator that allows for the identification of certain elements such as the vehicle´s owner, to those with access to the necessary database. For everyone else, it still serves to provide information which could be of use, such as the age of the vehicle if you are planning to purchase it, for example.

In Spain, number plates used to carry a distinction which identified where the vehicle was registered. This can still be seen on some older vehicles, such as the prefix “M” for Madrid, “A” for Alicante or “MU” for Murcia.

These days, the number plates don´t display those characteristics, but are formed by 4 numbers and 3 letters. If you check the DGT website, dgt.es, you will be able to see the current series of letters being used, which are JWP as of February, 2017. There are also apps available which will allow you to work back and show the age of a vehicle, or at least when the series in the number plate was being used. You can of course check the full vehicle history on the DGT website as well.

Normally, the number plate must be displayed, and in a fixed location such as the bumper, at both the front and rear of the vehicle. Some vehicles have special locations for the display of the rear number plate, which is also acceptable if that location is part of the original manufacturing specification and has been approved. Motorcycles and scooters (including microcars) must display their number plate at the rear.

There are very clear specifications for the number plate, in terms of the height of the characters for example, the colour, size and shape, all of which means that only certified manufacturers of number plates are allowed to make them. You are not allowed to simply take a piece of cardboard and colour it in with a crayon, for example. Tampering with the original number plate is also an offence. There have been countless occurrences of drivers attempting to mask the real number of their vehicle, sometimes using tape, sometimes using specialist sprays that claim to hide the numbers in the event of being snapped by a traffic camera. Whether these methods work or not is irrelevant, they are illegal.



These days, new acrylic number plates are replacing the old metal ones. The metal number plates soon faded in the sun, rendering them both useless and illegal, whereas the modern acrylic ones remain clear at all times. If you do have a metal number plate, especially if it is faded, you really must get them replaced immediately.



Metal number plates were also prone to damage. Sometimes an object may strike them and cause damage, and it was not unknown for children to occasionally inflict damage to them by bending them. Bending them back in shape often caused them to break. Their acrylic relatives are far more resilient to damage and bending, and last considerably longer.



The number plate must be visible at all times, day and night, and must not be obscured by anything, including dirt. At night, it must be illuminated. You are also not allowed to alter the number plate in any way, such as putting stickers or name tags on it for example. Only number plates which are certified for use in Spain can be used on vehicles registered in Spain.

That is why, if you are towing a trailer for example, you must replicate the vehicle´s number plate at the back, in addition to the unique number plate of the trailer, if applicable. If you are carrying items such as bicycles, they sometimes come with an additional holder for the number plate, as the original may not be visible when obscured by the carrying frame.

It is also why the traffic police have been able to fine a number of Catalan drivers recently, who, in their hope of independence from Spain, are installing number plated displaying the Catalan flag, and three-letter code “CAT”, which is not currently (if it ever will be) recognised in Spain, and therefore illegal.

The number plate is an essential element of the vehicle. They do allow for identification in the event of committing an offence, but also allow for identifying and locating a vehicle in the event of theft or damage. Keeping your number plates clean and clear is a must if you want to avoid being stopped and facing a fine, or worse.

### New Tablets Take to the Streets

Traffic officers across Spain have been attending training courses over the past few months, to learn how to use their new tablet computers.



The new tablets replace their PDA digital assistants, and allow them to carry out even more administrative tasks at the roadside than ever before.

We have previously spoken about the actual models being issued, specifically the ZTE E8Q, which will be the standard tablet in use by traffic officers, the ZTE E9Q, which will be used by traffic officers specifically involved in such activities as testing drivers and major incidents, and the bulky but heavily protected KAZAM T-700, used by officers in mountainous regions, now the officers are getting to grips with actually using them.

They come with their own protective case, which clips the device to their belt and doubles up as a sun visor for the screen when being used outdoors, and a stylus for writing and obtaining signatures, for example.

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The software allows them to check the details of both the vehicles and drivers, as they are linked to a central computer, and allows them to take detailed records of incidents and collisions, with photographs, in order to start the investigation process far quicker than ever before.

In addition, in the event of an officer recording an incident, that information is sent directly to the DGT traffic computer, which updates the road traffic information network, in real time, of the incident, lane closures and delays likely. That information is visible on the DGT´s own website, via dgt.es, is relayed to their own app, and, as we explained previously, is shared through the Waze and Google traffic information network, thus advising as many drivers as possible of the incident.

The device is linked via Bluetooth to a thermal printer, and so able to issue fines on the spot, and has an accompanying credit card machine which can take payment immediately, should an on-the-spot fine be appropriate.

### N332 Visits Help at Home, Orihuela Costa

This month, the N332 road safety roadshow met with the Torrevieja branch of RAFA, the Royal Air Force Association, and then last week, members of Help at Home, Orihuela Costa.



As usual, the attendees were given a wide range of advice regarding driving in Spain, including answers to some of the most popular questions which occur, such as the documents and items that must be carried, the reasons for exchanging a UK for Spanish driving licence, how a traffic patrol would stop a vehicle, and identifying unmarked police cars, amongst others.

The event concluded with a mini-presentation of crime prevention and home security from our partners, Securitas Direct.

The Help at Home charity shop is situated near Cala Mosca on the Orihuela Costa and offers a wide range of items for sale, with funds going towards helping the work that they do supporting others. Please call in the shop and browse around, if you are in the area, and ask for more information about their services.

The next N332 Road Safety Roadshow events are in March, but if you run a social or community group and can get around 50 or more people together, there are a limited number of dates available and we would be happy to attend your meeting to do the same. For more details, or to discuss this in more detail, you can send an email to news@n332.es.

### Repeat Offenders have Vehicles Seized

The DGT in Ourense, a city in Galicia in north western Spain, has seized 22 vehicles from repeat offenders against road safety.

According to the public prosecutor, although seemingly extreme, the action has been taken on account of the severity of the number of repeat offences carried out. Each of the owners who have now lost their vehicles would have qualified for seizure by accumulating at least three consecutive convictions, in the two-year period, against road safety, such as high blood alcohol levels (more than 0.60 mg / litre), refusing to undergo screening tests, or driving without a valid licence, for example.

The majority of vehicles seized, 19 in total, have been scrapped, the remaining three are being stored as evidence on account of continual investigations being carried out.

The Guardia Civil in the area arrested 362 people in Ourense in 2016, all for serious offences against road safety. In the majority of cases, the offences were related to alcohol, with 204 drivers arrested for being sufficiently over the limit it constituted a criminal offence.

The offences related to driving licences, there were 146 complaints recorded, 61 of which were as a result of having lost all points, whereas in 44 cases the denunciations were for deprivation of the permit due to judicial sentences.

### Driving Licence Codes List

On the back of your driving licence, you will see section number 12, which is where there may be a number of codes which are observations or restrictions that the driver must conform to, such as wearing spectacles for example.



Here are some of those codes. There may be minor regional differences in some cases.

01 - Eyesight correction, for example glasses or contact lenses

01.02 – Contact lenses

02 - Hearing/communication aid

03 - Prosthesis/Orthosis of the limbs

05 - Limited use due to medical reasons

05.01 - Limited to daytime journeys

05.02 - Limited to journeys within a set radius from the holder's place of residence, or only inside a set city or region.

05.03 - Driving without passengers

05.04 - Limited to journeys with a speed not greater than a set limit

05.05 - Driving authorised only when accompanied by a holder of a driving licence

05.06 - Without a trailer

05.07 - No driving on motorways

05.08 - No alcohol

10 - Modified transmission

15 - Modified clutch

20 - Modified braking systems

25 - Modified accelerator systems

30 - Combined braking and accelerator systems (for licences issued before 28 November 2016)

31 - Pedal adaptations and pedal safeguards

32 - Combined service brake and accelerator systems

33 - Combined service brake, accelerator and steering systems

35 - Modified control layouts

40 - Modified steering

42 - Modified rear-view mirror(s)

43 - Modified driving seats

44 - Modifications to motorbikes

44.1 - Single operated brake

44.2 - Adapted front wheel brake

44.3 - Adapted rear wheel brake

44.4 - Adapted accelerator

44.5 - (Adjusted) manual transmission and manual clutch

44.6 - (Adjusted) rear-view mirror(s)

44.7 - (Adjusted) commands (direction indicators, braking light, etc)

44.8 - Seat height allowing the driver, in sitting position, to have two feet on the surface at the same time and balance the motorcycle during stopping and standing

44.11 - Adapted foot rest

44.12 - Adapted hand grip

45 - Motorbikes only with sidecar

46 - Tricycles only (for licences issued before 29 June 2014)

70 - Exchange of licence (also displaying part of your original licence number and country code)

71 - Duplicate of licence

78 - Restricted to vehicles with automatic transmission

79 - Restricted to vehicles in conformity with the specifications stated in brackets on your licence

79.2 - Restricted to category AM vehicles of the 3-wheel or light quadricycle type

79.3 - Restricted to tricycles

96 - Allowed to drive a vehicle and trailer where the trailer weighs at least 750kg, and the combined weight of the vehicle and trailer is between 3,500kg and 4,250kg

97 - Not allowed to drive category C1 vehicles which are required to have a tachograph fitted

101 - Not for hire or reward (that is, not to make a profit)

102 - Drawbar trailers only

103 - Subject to certificate of competence

105 - Vehicle not more than 5.5 metres long

106 - Restricted to vehicles with automatic transmissions

107 - Not more than 8,250 kilograms

108 - Subject to minimum age requirements

110 - Limited to transporting persons with restricted mobility

111 - Limited to 16 passenger seats

113 - Limited to 16 passenger seats except for automatics

114 - With any special controls required for safe driving

115 - Organ donor

118 - Start date is for earliest entitlement

119 - Weight limit for vehicle does not apply

121 - Restricted to conditions specified in the Secretary of State’s notice

122 - Valid on successful completion: Basic Moped Training Course 125 - tricycles only (for licences issued before 29 June 2014)

Country Codes

Country codes are used on the driving licence to indicate that the current licence has been exchanged for one previously issued in another country. You will find them as part of code 70 under section 12 on the back of the licence.

Australia - AUS

Austria - A

Barbados - BDS

Belgium - B

British Virgin Islands - VGB

Bulgaria - BG

Canada - CDN

Cyprus - CY

Czech Republic - CZ

Denmark - DK

Estonia - EST

Falkland Islands - FK

Faroe Islands - FO

Finland - FIN

France - F

Germany - D

Gibraltar - GBZ

Greece - GR

Guernsey - GBG

Hong Kong - HK

Hungary - H

Iceland- IS

Ireland - IRL

Isle of Man - GBM

Italy - I

Japan - J

Jersey - GBJ

Latvia - LV

Liechtenstein - FL

Lithuania - LT

Luxembourg - L

Malta - M

Monaco - MC

Netherlands - NL

New Zealand - NZ

Norway - N

Poland - PL

Portugal - P

Republic of Korea - ROK

Romania - RO

Singapore - SGP

Slovakia - SK

Slovenia - SLO

South Africa - ZA

Spain - E

Sweden - S

Switzerland - CH

United Kingdom - UK

Zimbabwe - ZW

### New Restrictions to Improve Safety

The DGT has announced a range of measures they plan to implement this year, all aimed at reducing the number of fatalities and casualties from road traffic incidents.



One of the measures announced is expressly aimed at protecting cyclists, after figures show an increase in the number of incidents involving bicycles. The plan is to restrict the maximum permitted speed on certain roads and on certain days, at times when there is a possibility of an increase in the number of cyclists using the routes, such as Sunday mornings, for example.

Of course reducing the maximum speed limit still relies on the drivers adhering to the law and respecting the maximum speed limits, and so the risk is still an issue when drivers choose to ignore the law.

Some cyclists of course should also be made more aware of similar responsible driving methods, also respecting the road and traffic law, laws which are designed to protect life, and it is not uncommon that motorists become frustrated at the seemingly selfish attitude of a small number of cyclists who also fail to practice respect.

Stricter action against all road users will be an inevitable part of enforcing the restrictions, so whether motor-powered or leg-driven, traffic officers will be closely monitoring the roads looking for those who do offend.

Another restriction which will form part of the future model will be restricting the movement of certain trucks on conventional roads which have become “black spots”, providing alternative routes for these vehicles away from the most dangerous sections.

The information on these restrictions will be published on the DGT website, dgt.es, where new sections will be added periodically.

Overall, the measures are aimed at creating a safer environment for all vehicles to co-exist on the roads of Spain, and with the increase in the number of fatalities and injuries on the roads, these are the first steps towards reversing that trend on the “Road to Zero” fatalities.

### Autos Direct San Miguel - One of our major partners

If you are looking to buy a car in Spain, or if you are in need of a repair and maintenance workshop, Autos Direct in San Miguel de Salinas is the only place you need.

They always have a great selection of cars available, changing constantly, and their workshop only uses the best diagnostic equipment and official parts.

They pride themselves on quality service and care, and that shows from the thousands of people they have dealt with over the years.

We have created a little virtual tour of their forecourt so you can have a browse around and see for yourself. Remember though, their stock is constantly changing, so you need to look at their website to check for vehicle availability.

Click the image below to visit the page with the virtual tour (you will find instructions on that page), and you can even brose their list of current vehicles live from within the tour window.

Please, also make sure you let them know that you are a friend of N332 when you visit them, so that they know where you found out about them.

### Licence Points for Bicycles Proposed

The Spanish Royal Automobile Association, RACE, is proposing the extension of the driving licence points system to cover cyclists.

Whereas some users of other vehicles would welcome the change, often critical of cyclists they consider to act outside of the law, it is unlikely to be welcomed by the cyclist groups themselves, despite the actual motivation being the increase in the number of deaths on Spanish roads of cyclists.

Manuel Martín, spokesperson for cycling group ConBici, has already hit out at the plans, saying that is seems, “absolutely unfortunate that an entity like the RACE makes a proposal that is not valid in any country in the world”, adding that the implementation of this measure “would mean almost nobody would use a bicycle.”

RACE are also attempting to encourage a plan of coexistence on the road for both cars and bicycles, where both users are taken into account. ConBici recalled that cyclists are the victims and that cars are the most dangerous. “What you have to take action against is not in the bikes, but in the cars who are the ones that create the danger,” Martín reiterated.

RACE demands a greater commitment to reduce the incident rate of vulnerable users, with special attention to the group of motorists, who, in 2016, represented more than 40% of those killed during the weekends.

The association has pointed out that the points system has proven its usefulness in focussing efforts to reduce incidents, and that if it is extended to bicycles, the same focus and attention should be given, especially as at this moment a cyclist can take to the road with no training or awareness of the dangers they might come across, and not necessarily with an awareness of the laws which are aimed at protecting all road users.

### Virtual Look Around a Guardia Civil Motorbike

Would you like to try a Guardia Civil motorbike for size? Well, now you can, thanks to virtual reality.

Once loaded, click the window and move around the screen with your mouse, in a full, 360º environment. There are controls on the bottom left, if you would sooner use those, just click the little circle to open or close them, and if you have a device which is compatible, you can even view it with a virtual reality headset by clicking the link below the image.






You can also click here to enter fullscreen or VR mode on compatible devices.

You can also click here to read more about this motorbike.

### N332 Meets RAFA

This week, the N332 road safety roadshow met with the Torrevieja branch of RAFA, the Royal Air Force Association.






The members were given a wide range of advice regarding driving in Spain, including answers to some of the most popular questions which occur, such as the documents and items that must be carried, roundabouts, how a traffic patrol would stop a vehicle, and identifying unmarked police cars, amongst others.

The event concluded with a mini-presentation of crime prevention and home security from our partners, Securitas Direct.

The next events are in March, but if you run a social or community group and can get around 50 or more people together, there are a limited number of dates available and we would be happy to attend your meeting to do the same. For more details, or to discuss this in more detail, you can send an email to news@n332.es.

### The DGT Joins Waze

Spain has joined up with various traffic authorities around the globe to Waze, a traffic information and planning application, aimed at improving information and road safety.



Getting stuck in traffic is always frustrating, even for the calmest of drivers. Waze was designed to try to alleviate some of that pressure by asking fellow motorists to share information, thus making more people aware of issues such as delays and even obstructions in the road.

By connecting drivers to one another, they help people create local driving communities that work together to improve the quality of everyone's daily driving. That might mean helping them avoid the frustration of sitting in traffic, or shaving five minutes off of their regular commute by showing them new routes they never even knew about.

After typing in your destination address, users just drive with the app open on their phone to passively contribute traffic and other road data, but they can also take a more active role by sharing road reports on accidents or any other hazards along the way, helping to give other users in the area a 'heads-up' about what's to come.

Now, as the DGT joins Waze's “Connected Citizens Program”, it puts Spain in line with such traffic authorities as Transport for London, ASFA (French Highways) and New York, as well as Barcelona, who were already part of the group.

The initiative sees the free exchange of traffic data between Waze and the DGT to improve traffic management and road safety.



The DGT, in its firm commitment to move towards advanced high value-added traffic management models, incorporates this new source of anonymised data from real-time users that enriches the available traffic data. Thanks to these new data sources, smarter management is possible from the Traffic Management Centres, both in detecting and transmitting incidents to improve circulation fluidity and safety.

You can download the app to your mobile device, just search for Waze in the app or play store. Remember though, when you are driving, you must not touch your device. Get your passenger to report problems, but at least you will be aware of what´s to come and have a totally free intelligent guidance system to help you to your destination safely and promptly.

### Missing Victim in Motorway Crash

Emergency services were called to attend a traffic incident on the AP-7 motorway, and despite locating the vehicle, found nobody with it.

The incident occurred at kilometre 775 of the motorway in the Cartagena direction. Reports came to the emergency coordination centre that a foreign registered vehicle had crashed and overturned, then caught fire.

The fire and rescue service were first on the scene, having been directed from San Pedro, followed by the Guardia Civil and medics.

Upon examining the vehicle, the emergency services found nobody with it, although there was clear indications of at least one person being injured, as blood was visible inside the vehicle.

Having made the scene safe, the emergency services then spent the next few hours combing the surrounding area but still found no trace of a victim or victims.

### Foreign Visitors Hit with Number Plate Fine!

The number plates are the only tool available to allow the immediate identification of the owner and status of a vehicle.

They must be correctly fitted to the front and rear (some vehicles are exempt from displaying the front number plate), and they must be clear, clean and visible, and illuminated at night.

It is also illegal to allow anything to interfere with the visibility of the number plate.

Some of this may seem like obvious advice, but it is sometimes advice which is forgotten, apparently especially after a long journey, say from the Far East. That is perhaps the only mitigation, although it is not an excuse, why the Three Kings were fined for driving through the town of Mázarron without displaying the number plates on the back of their floats.

The officers who handed out the 1,200 euro fine needn´t worry about getting coal next year, because no doubt the Kings will realise that nobody is above the law, even visitors from a faraway land, and the police acted correctly.

### Fleeing Kamikaze Driver Rams Patrol Car

A driver who was traveling the wrong way on the A-92 motorway crashed into two Guardia Civil patrol cars who had stopped their vehicles to prevent a bigger tragedy.



The incident occurred on Saturday morning on the Almería to Fiñana road in the Guadix area.

The officers blocked the road to try to bring the vehicle to a halt and check the driver, who rammed their two patrol cars and attempted to flee the scene, but crashed by the roadside after ramming the patrol.

The driver was taken to the hospital in Guadix, where he will be dealt with for the offences.

### Three People Die Every Day on Spain’s Roads

The Director General of the DGT, Gregorio Serrano, has this week presented the statistics of road traffic incidents during 2016, a year in which, on interurban roads, there were 1,038 fatal incidents in which 1,160 people died and another 5,067 needed hospital treatment as a result of the injuries suffered. These figures represent increases of 1.4% (+15) in fatal incidents; 2.6% (+29) in the number of deaths and 4.3% (+209) in the number of injuries requiring hospital treatment.

There was also an increase in traffic last year. A total of 392 million long-haul journeys took place, 18.5 million more than in the previous year, representing an increase in mobility of 5%.

Although the figures relate to the close of the year, the data is considered provisional and refer only to fatal incidents occurring on interurban roads and with victims reported up to 24 hours after the incident occurred. The final consolidated figures, which will include victims up to 30 days following the incidents, will be released at a later date.

The death toll is still below the figure registered in 1960, the first year in which statistics began being collated, when there were 1,300 deaths, with a completely different mobility scenario of one million vehicles on the roads, compared with over 32 million today. The average number of daily fatalities was 11.6 road deaths per day in 2000, and now stands at 3.2 deaths per day in 2016.



Distractions, inappropriate speed, failure to keep the correct distance and fatigue or sleep are the main contributing factors that appear in fatal or serious incidents.

The number of fatalities where the incident involved a van has reduced from 69 in 2015 to 58 last year. There were 10 fewer cyclists killed, although 33 people still lost their lives.

In 2016, 214 motorcyclists died, 10 less than in 2015, and 21 moped riders lost their lives, 6 less than the previous year. Pedestrian fatalities increased from113 in 2015, to 118 in 2016.

Tragically, 22% of drivers and passengers killed in cars and vans in 2016 were not wearing a seatbelt. Of the 214 motorcycle fatalities, 4 did not wear a helmet at the time of the incident and in the case of 21 people killed on a moped, 1 wasn´t wearing a helmet. Among the cyclists, of the 33 who died, 6 were not wearing a helmet, despite it being obligatory on interurban routes. Of the 16 children up to 12 years of age who died in cars, 3 were not using any safety device or harness at the time of the fatal incident.

Although much more can and must be done, especially by road users ourselves, Spain continues to be one of the countries with the best road safety in the world, with 36 deaths per million inhabitants, below the EU average of 52.

### If Your Truck is Stolen – Report It

Although it might seem like an obvious thing to do, the road haulage sector in Spain is being reminded of the importance of reporting vehicle theft immediately to the Guardia Civil.

The message is being reinforced following the Christmas terrorist attack in Berlin, where a truck was driven into a crowd of innocent victims.

Associations representing truckers have already started spreading the message through their social networks, advising that if a truck is stolen, report it immediately to the Guardia Civil on the emergency number, 062. In the event of you not being able to speak Spanish, then the 112 emergency coordination centre staff speak a variety of languages, including English.

Although there has been no specific threat made against Spain, in fact the terror alert level remains the same as was first implemented in 2015, vigilance is always needed.

For their part, Madrid has banned the movement of heavy goods vehicles between the 3rd and 5th of January, as a precaution in the build up to the Three King´s Parade. Other transport restrictions may well be implemented across the country as a precaution, and there will be an increase in security checks at the roadside. Remember, nothing to hide, nothing to fear, if you see one of these checkpoints, never share the location through social networks, as it could alert others of the presence of the officers, always respond to the instructions given, stay calm and you will be on your way soon.

### Smoking in Cars

We have seen an increase in the number of people asking a recurring question, is it illegal to smoke in cars in Spain?

The short answer is no, not at the moment.

The confusion seems to stem from two sources. The first being a law which is aimed at preventing anything interfering with the driver or the act of driving. There might be a theoretical case where smoking could lead to distraction, but it is only theoretical, the law does not in any way mention smoking.

The second confusing factor comes from a law relating to smoking in a car whilst carrying children. Some countries, such as the UK for example, do have laws in place which makes this illegal. The law came into force in England and Wales in October, 2015, and in Scotland in December, 2016. However, in Spain, no such law currently exists.

Perhaps needless to say but smoking does of course pose a health risk to the occupants of a vehicle, and there are safety implications too. Anything which might be a distraction or a risk should be avoided, but within the constraints of law, you are currently free to smoke whilst driving.

### Repsol to Help Abandoned Pets

Fuel supply firm Repsol has signed an agreement with the environmental protection branch of the Guardia Civil, Seprona, to assist in cases of abandonment or loss of domestic animals through their 3,500 service stations across Spain.

This initiative coincides with the launch of Repsol's Christmas campaign, which tells the true story of Luca, a dog that was abandoned in May 2015 at the service station in the La Panadella area of Barcelona, who was looked after by a worker at the service station, later to be adopted by a family who had stopped to refuel.





Until now, in the event of staff at the service stations becoming aware of a stray animal, they would inform the Local Police of the municipality, who are the competent authority responsible for the collection of abandoned or lost pets.

Now, with this new agreement with the Guardia Civil, Repsol provides a national solution to the problem whilst reinforcing the company´s cooperation with the corp.

The Penal Code specifies that the abandonment of a domestic animal in conditions in which its life or integrity could be endangered will be punished by a fine of one to six months in prison. The guidelines agreed between Repsol and Seprona establishes that a worker at a service station that witnesses an abandonment must gather all the possible information (make, model and registration of the vehicle, people involved, images of the security cameras, witnesses, etc.) and pass that information to the Guardia Civil.

Repsol has distributed the information to all of their staff and highlighted that there are seasonal peaks in the number of recorded abandonments, which is reportedly the biggest problem domestic animals face in Spain, although there has been a slight reduction in the data since figures began to be recorded in 2008.

In the latest recorded data, 137,831 animals found themselves in shelters and with animal protection associations, 104,501 dogs and 33,330 cats. More than 66% of dogs are found on public roads, whereas other popular places are at service stations, supermarket entrances and parking lots.

### Man Arrested for 56 Thefts from Vehicles

Officers from both the Guardia Civil and the Local Police have collaborated in order to successfully arrest a thief who had stolen items from at least 56 vehicles since the start of December.

The arrest was made in the Seville town of Utrera, after the investigation led officers to identify the individual who went by the nickname, “ET”.

The detainee has been remanded in custody, pending a trial, as he was considered too dangerous to release on account of him also raiding two residential properties, attacking the owners of one of them, and assaulting a police officer as the assailant tried to escape through a window.

He is accused of two counts of trespassing offences, two of illegal detention, one attack on a law enforcement officer, four threats of violence, two of damages, two of having caused injuries and 56 thefts from vehicles.

### Product Safety Notice Issued for 5 Motorcycles

The road safety department of the Unión Internacional para la Defensa de los Motociclistas has called for a review of 29 different motorcycle models, which they feel pose a safety risk.

The associated reports have been forwarded to the manufacturers, who will then make contact with owners direct, should there be a need for a technical revision.

Reference: RAM ES 2016 035 Triumph.

Brand: Triumph

Models: STREET TWIN-BONNEVILLE T120, BONNEVILLE T100-THRUXTON 1200, THRUXTON 1200R, STREET CUP

Risk: The wiring to the fuel pump can allow leakage from the fuel tank. This leak, in the event that there is an electrical short circuit, could be a source of ignition with risk of fire of the vehicle.

DATE OF ALERT: 16 December 2016

Reference: RAM ES 2016 036

Brand: Suzuki

Model: DL-650

Risk: In some cases, the insulating material of the wiring of the generator can be damaged by heat from the engine and cause a short circuit in the internal wiring. The continued use in this situation, could cause the current generated to be reduced and provide insufficient load to the battery. In the worst cases may stop the engine whilst driving and render it impossible to start again.

DATE OF ALERT: 21 December 2016

Any necessary technical revisions will be carried out by the manufacturer, or their authorised workshops, and will be free of charge to the consumer.

### Licence Points System to be Reviewed

The Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) is proposing a review of the driving licence points system, as, after being in operation for ten-years, the positive downward trend in road fatalities has been broken, with 2016 already seeing more road-related deaths than in 2015.

With still some days to go, there have been 1,138 deaths officially recorded on the main road network of the country, an increase in 7 deaths over 2015.

The recently appointed Director General, Gregorio Serrano, has recognised that the data is “not good”, and that road traffic incidents have “worsened”, and so it is considered that 2017 will be “a key year” to face the challenge of all sectors agreeing to design a “good road safety plan”.

Serrano has made it clear that after ten years, it is time to “sit down” and see “what has been positive” and “what can be changed” with the system, as “We cannot stay still, we have to evaluate the system and put on the table what measures are necessary so that the points system remains a useful system for the reduction of accidents”, he said.

Serrano added that the DGT is “aware” that the time has come to “evaluate the future” of this measure, and to do so with “objective opinions and data”, in addition to looking at the reforms that have been made in other European countries. The “road ahead” has “a lot of work to do”, insisted Serrano, who has called for the collaboration of all sectors involved so that “together” road safety can be improved.

Serrano said that the 1,138 deaths prior to the Christmas campaign represent seven more than in all of 2015 and represent 27 more than in the same period of the previous year.

For that reason and “beyond percentages”, the DGT has used the “broken lives and family tragedies” to highlight the outcome of each of the individual incidents, and focus on the contributing factors that have led to each and every one of them.

The same factors are still ever present in the majority of these incidents. Inappropriate speed, alcohol or drugs, distractions such as using a mobile phone, and the incorrect or lack of use of seatbelts. Tragically, Serrano pointed out, 80% of child deaths could have been avoided with the correct use of child safety seats, a reason alone to advocated a “greater sanction” and control.

### Watching From the Sky

It´s not only Santa who´s been taking to the sky this Christmas, but 65 pilots flying the 12 DGT helicopters have also been keeping a watchful eye on the roads, and will continue to do so through the New Year.



During the three-week Christmas period, the special operation has been divided into 3 phases. The first phase has already taken place, over Christmas itself, the second is this coming weekend, for New Year, and then the third phase after the 3 King´s celebrations next week.

The helicopters support officers on the ground and enforce the law from afar, monitoring for speeding motorists, as well as others such as those using their mobile phone or not wearing a seatbelt, and are able to issue the sanctions automatically to the home address of the vehicle owner through the DGT system, without the need to stop the driver to advise them of the infraction.

Of course, in the worst cases, the helicopters can summon assistance on the ground to intercept vehicles and deal with the situation instantly.

The helicopters not only look for infractions however, they also monitor traffic flow and feed information to controllers to assist in the direction and control of traffic.



As these helicopters can see you from afar, you might never be aware that they´re there. However, there is a way in which you can avoid detection, by adhering to the laws, wearing your seatbelt correctly, not using your mobile phone, maintaining a safe distance, keeping your speed under control, in fact by driving within the requirements of the law.

### Major Christmas Operation Begins Today

This weekend, the roads of Spain are expected to be particularly busy at times, thanks to the Christmas holidays.



However, this year, it is anticipated that there will be an extra three million more journeys on the country´s roads than last year, with a total number of 16,675,000 trips during the period which starts at 15:00 on Friday, 23 December, until 00:00 on Sunday, 8 January, 2017.

The main bulk of traffic movements will be split into three specific phases. The first phase of the operation will be from Friday 23rd December, until Monday 26th, although in some areas the special operation retires on the Sunday night. During this weekend, it is anticipated that 4.1 million trips will take place.

Phase two will be for the end of the year celebrations, specifically from Friday, 30th December until Sunday, 1st January, on Monday in some places such as Murcia. The third phase runs over the Three Kings celebrations from Friday 5th until Sunday 8th January, 2017.

The largest volume of movements in this period will focus on the central area of ​​the peninsula (25%), followed by the region of Murcia and Valencia where 21% of displacements will take place.

In order to ensure the safest flow of traffic during the operation, the Guardia Civil will be out in force on the roads, monitoring for the usual offences that contribute most highly to incidents, such as inappropriate speed, alcohol or drugs, and distractions, including the use of mobile phones. They will also be checking on the correct use of seatbelts and child restraints, and that all documentation is correct and valid.

Officers on the ground will be supported by the 12 DGT helicopters in the air, including those fitted with the Pegasus monitoring equipment, which will also be monitoring for speeders, as well as seatbelt and mobile phone use.

If embarking on any kind of journey during the holiday period, the advice is always the same. Allow extra time for your journey, take plenty of breaks on long trips, be patient, always drive within the speed limit and at a safe distance, and never consume alcohol or drugs before driving.

### Staying Safe this Christmas

Although no specific threats have been received and the threat level remains the same, security measures are being put in place to ensure that Christmas passes as safe as possible.

Numerous town halls across the country are currently installing large planters in key public areas. As well as improving the aesthetics of the location, these serve to act as a physical barrier to help prevent incidents such as the truck attack in Berlin this week. Other places are installing physical barriers, but these are not to cause alarm, they are preventative measures.



Guardia Civil and police checkpoints will be in place in various locations. Although many of these will be traffic related, there will also be many others which are checking vehicles for security reasons. Once again we remind everyone of the importance of not sharing the locations of these checkpoints should you see them, such as through social media, as this often gives those who may be intent on criminal activity the opportunity to avoid detection.

If you are stopped at a checkpoint the advice remains the same too. Stay calm and act on the instructions of the officers involved. If you have nothing to hide, you have nothing to fear and you will be on your way in a very short space of time.

Finally, if you see anything or anybody acting suspiciously, please notify the authorities immediately. Although you might not consider it an emergency, the 112 call centre is staffed by people who speak a variety of languages and nobody will be offended if an alert turns out to be false, as that is by far a better outcome than ignoring something which later results in a tragic incident.

Stay safe this holiday period, look after yourself and your belongings, keep them out of sight at all times, keep bags and wallets secure and never unattended, and be vigilant, that way we can all hope for a safe and peaceful Christmas and New Year.

### Drunk and Drugged Driver Crashes into Guardia Civil Patrol

Despite intensified checks for drivers who have consumed alcohol or drugs, sometimes the officers don´t have to look far, as the offenders sometimes find them.

During the weekend storms, officers were called to an incident where a tree had fallen onto the N-301 road blocking passage between Miranda and El Albujón, near to Cartagena.

The officers immediately set up a safety exclusion zone using signs, tetrapod cones, lights and their vehicles, also displaying lights, and they proceeded to direct traffic using their hand-held illuminated devices.

For reasons which were unclear at the time, although soon to be obvious, one driver approaching the scene decided to ignore the instructions to stop from the officers and proceeded into the danger zone.

At the other end of that protected area was another Guardia Civil patrol vehicle, which our disobedient driver managed to hit with his own car, causing minor injuries to the officers and damage to the patrol car.

Having successfully stopped the vehicle following the collision, the officers identified the 35-year old driver, as resident of Fuente Álamo, who gave a positive result to an alcohol test, having given a result of 0.69 and 0.67 milligrams per litre of exhaled air in two separate tests.

The officers then tested for the presence of drugs and found that the driver had also consumed cocaine, also failing that test. Both vehicles had to be removed from the scene by a tow-truck on account of the damage suffered.

The officers subsequently arrested the driver for road traffic offences, for driving under the influence of both alcoholic and drugs, and presented him to the courts in Cartagena, where he now faces imprisonment of between 3 to 6 months, a fine of 6 to 12 months or community service for between 31 to 90 days, and in any case the deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and mopeds for a up to 4 years.

### Almost Two-Thousand Drunk and Drugged Drivers Caught in a Week

During the last intensified campaign to crack down on the use of alcohol or drugs before driving, some 1,912 drivers decided not to #chooseright, and are now facing the penalties for their actions.



Between the 12th and the 18th of December, 129,309 tests were carried out on drivers, resulting in 518 being found to have consumed drugs, and 1,394 having consumed an excess amount of alcohol.

During the tests, of the 518 road users who tested positive, 514 face administrative charges, whereas 3 have been brought before the courts following their involvement in an incident where drugs were found to have been a contributing factor, and 1 person is facing court for refusing the test.

As usual, the most commonly consumed drugs are cannabis (387), cocaine (187) and amphetamines (46). It should be noted that of the 85 drivers who underwent the salivary test for committing an infraction, more than half (46) tested positive for drugs.

As for alcohol, from the 127,892 breath tests which were carried out, 1,394 drivers were found to have consumed an excess of alcohol, 1,162 detected in preventive controls, another 92 after committing a traffic infraction, whereas 131 were tested having been involved in an incident in which alcohol was found to be a contributing factor. A further 9 people were found to be positive after they displayed obvious signs of having consumed alcohol.

At 1,156 administrative proceedings were opened, while 238 were instructed to move to the judicial authority for exceeding the rate of 0.60 mg / l in exhaled air. In addition, 6 drivers were brought to court for refusing to perform breath tests.

Spain has a lower maximum limit for alcohol than other countries, such as the United Kingdom, but the only safe limit is zero. The fines and sanctions increase depending on the severity of the offence, and repeat offenders are treated to far harsher sentences.



With an increase in the use of drugs before driving, these penalties are also high, however, the ultimate price is often paid by those who are innocent in situations caused by alcohol or drug use, as countless innocent lives have been lost at the hands of those who have risked their own lives, and the lives of others.





Remember, the only safe limit is zero. Checks will continue day and night on the roads of Spain, with even more intensified checks during the Christmas period. If you are going out for the night, visiting friends, celebrating, the safest choice is public transport. Never forget the risks and always #chooseright.

### Latest Incident Report Still Shows Worrying Trend for Motorcycles

The latest report has been released which details the number of incidents on Spanish roads, and, specifically, the areas considered to be of risk, and the number of incidents recorded.

Nationally, there are 3,264 kilometres of road which is classes as being of “high” or “very high” risk, largely due to the number of recorded incidents in these areas, although there is a slight decrease in the figures for 2015. That said, the risk of a fatal or serious incident is still 3.5 times greater on conventional roads than on motorways of highways.

The report, which looked at a total of 24,805 kilometres of roads, examines the risk by taking into account the number of recorded incidents and injuries or fatalities during the last three-years, including the severity of the incident, which is then calculated into a “Risk Index”, based on the number of fatal and serious incidents occurring per 1,000 million vehicles per kilometre.

For the calculation of the results, a total of 4,101 incidents occurred on the national road network in the years 2013, 2014 and 2015, of which 1,036 were fatal incidents. Resulting in 1,219 deaths, and 3,065 serious incidents, with 4,077 people seriously injured. All these incidents have been assigned to 1,387 sections of road with a length of more than 24,805 kilometres.

The conclusion is that there are 77 “High Risk” sections, of which 17 are “Black-spots”. In these “High Risk” sections, there have been an average of 143 fatal and serious incidents each year, leaving an average of 36 deaths and 144 serious injuries. The average daily intensity in these sections is 4,835 vehicles per day.

The most statistically dangerous risk section of the Spanish road network is on the N-435, between km 33.4 and 45.9 in Badajoz, between the start of the ​​Almendral residential area and the beginning of Barracota. In this 12.5 kilometre stretch of road, there have been five serious incidents between 2013 and 2015, with a result of three deaths and four serious injuries, and for the third consecutive year this section is considered as “High Risk”. Of the five fatal and serious incidents, one corresponds to a motorcycle user and one to a heavy goods vehicle user. The average daily intensity of vehicles is 2,844 a day.

The other four sections that complete the five most dangerous in the country are located on the N-120, between kilometres 535.2 and 549.5 in Lugo, where there have been eight major incidents. The N-630, between kilometres 66.6 and 87.1 in Asturias, where there have been 10 serious incidents. On the N-547, between kilometres 47.3 and 54.8 in A Coruña, where there have been four major incidents. The N-260, between kilometres 193.9 and 204.4 in Lleida, where seven serious incidents have occurred.

In terms of the risk with respect to the total number of kilometres per community, Cantabria has a higher proportion of high risk roads, with 20.87% of the roads; Followed by Aragón, with 18.84%; Castilla y León, with 15.58% and the Principality of Asturias, with 15.30%.

The report also notes that the number of incidents involving motorcycles in the total of fatal and serious incidents in Spain has continued to increase. In fact, since 2003 the number of motorcyclists involved in the recorded incidents has almost tripled in the case of serious or fatal incidents from 7.8% in 2003 to 22.6% in 2015, so that one of every five fatal or serious incidents involves a motorcyclist.

The N-332 main road, between km 220.5 and 225.6 in Valencia, and the V-31, between km 0 and 5.7, also in Valencia, are the two locations where more incidents involving motorcyclists and scooters have been recorded in the latest road evaluation study.

Incidents involving heavy goods vehicles account for around 22% of the total of fatal and serious incidents. Thus, 13.5% of fatal and serious incidents involving heavy vehicles are concentrated in 20 road sections, compared to 9.7% of the overall results. As with motorcycles, the report makes it clear where these incidents are most likely to occur.

The DGT will now take the findings of the report into account, and embark on the next wave of road improvements to try to reduce these risk factors. However, it is not only the responsibility of the road authorities to make a difference, it is the responsibility of each and every driver to ensure that we all do our bit to maintain compliance with traffic law, because warnings and instructions, albeit in signs or statistics, are there to assist us to make the right choices in ensuring that the roads are safer for all.

### Christmas Comes to Cartagena

In many places around the world it´s beginning to look a lot like Christmas, and now the social centre in Cartagena is no different, thanks to the generous donations and work of the team and one of the sponsors of the N332 Road Safety Project.



Al Andalus Car Hire and N332 joined together to provide the centre with a projector and screen along with a tripod for holding the projector, so that the children who study in the centre will have the opportunity of seeing the presentations made by their teachers without the necessity of asking to borrow a projector from the Town Hall, when it might not always have been available, and during the holidays, they have the added bonus of being able to enjoy films and entertainment on their very own big screen.



The Guardia Civil traffic department in Torrevieja has been a central point for receiving decorations, and many followers and supporters of the project delivered decorations to the police station, all of which were taken to the centre to add that extra special festive feel.

Once the centre was decorated and their mini-cinema set up, the children then made a very special greeting card, thanking N332 and their followers for the donations, and also thanking The Courier newspaper who provided them with free tickets to visit the Terra Natura animal park during a day trip to Benidorm.



Francisco Morales from the Guardia Civil presented the children with the gifts and would like to extend their gratitude to everybody who got involved, making this Christmas that little extra special for those who deserve a treat.

### #chooseright This Festive Season – Don´t Drink and Drive

The Christmas party season may well be a time of fun and joy for many, but it is also a time when we must increase our awareness of the risks on the roads, and especially the dangers of consuming alcohol or drugs.

As workers, families and friends all come together to celebrate, it is perhaps easier to become a little complacent and have a “small” tipple, but we must remember, above all, that consuming alcohol or drugs before driving greatly increases the risks, which is why the penalties are so severe, to serve as a deterrent to those who risk their own lives and the lives of others.

For that reason, all of this week, the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by National, Regional and Local police forces, will be carrying out intensified and extensive checks on alcohol and drug use on the roads of Spain, every day, around the clock.

The campaign runs until Sunday with officers out in force throughout the day, keeping a watchful eye out for those who may have been drinking, or consuming drugs.

Although it is common for the officers to seek out habitual offenders, this season also usually means an increase in those who would not normally drink and drive, and so they too pose a significant risk. The latest figures extracted from the most recent data available suggests that there may be around 12,000 drivers who met this continually dangerous criteria.

So far this year, the figure of those detected is approaching 100,000 drivers who not only risk their own but the lives of many innocent victims who all too often leave the scene of the carnage facing a life dealing with serious injuries and, on too numerous occasions, leaving the friends and families of loved ones having to deal with their death.

According to the annual report of the National Institute of Toxicology, the 39.09% of deceased drivers displayed the presence of alcohol or drugs in their blood. The figure rises to 40% when pedestrians are analysed.

Even the smallest amount of alcohol or drugs can affect driving ability and so, despite Spain having considerably lower maximum limits than countries such as the UK, the best advice is always zero consumption before getting behind the wheel.

Remember, the only safe limit is ZERO. If you are planning to join in the party celebrations, of course this is encouraged, just leave the car at home. All local towns have taxi services, with professional drivers who are happy to take you anywhere you wish to go, so you can enjoy a drink and let others drive.



The N332 project supports any campaign to reduce the number of deaths and serious injury caused by alcohol and drug use before driving. This year, officers from the Guardia Civil in Torrevieja have been collaborating with taxi drivers on the Orihuela Costa to join forces and encourage the use of taxis.



We have also created some graphics to support the campaign. Making the choice between two vehicles, the police car on the left or the taxi on the right, the N332 campaign slogan is #chooseright. You can download the Facebook ready images from the website below and share them with your friends, showing your support to #chooseright.

Banner Image

https://n332.es/chooseright/ChooseRightBanner.jpg

Profile Picture

https://n332.es/chooseright/ChooseRightProfile.jpg

Cover Picture

https://n332.es/chooseright/ChooseRightTopBanner.jpg

Of course we are based in Spain, but the advice is equally as valid wherever you might be. Enjoy the festive season, have fun, but never drink and drive, always #chooseright.

Local Taxi Numbers:

Orihuela Costa - 600 419 087 or 666 910 800

Torrevieja - 965 71 22 77

Remember, ALWAYS use official taxis.

### Santa Pola Proposes Constructing Service Road for Buses

Santa Pola town hall are investigating the possibility of constructing a service road alongside the N-332, in order to safeguard bus passengers and avoid incidents such as the fatal collision this week which killed a 16-year old boy who was crossing the main road on his way to the local skate park.



The incident on Wednesday cost the life of Yassin, who was visiting the park with some friends from Almoradí. The friends had decided to take a safer route from the bus stop to the park, but Yassin decided to cross the road instead, resulting in the collision.

The government had budgeted funds in 2016 for improvements to the road, but that work has so far not started. Now, the town hall are taking the initiative to see if they can improve access and safety through the construction of a service road.

Sadly, this is not the only area of risk along the N-332 in the area. At La Zenia, buses used to be forced to stop on a roundabout to allow passengers to alight, a practice which was already stopped for safety concerns. Across the border from Orihuela heading into Torrevieja, the bus stop is on the main road, forcing buses to stop and block one of the two lanes, which in turn poses a risk to vehicles behind.

Pedestrians also take their lives in their own hands when they cross the N-332 in various places. A number of footbridges have been constructed along the route, but many pedestrians still risk their lives by attempting to cross the road, choosing not to use the bridges.

Bridges are considered something of a luxury, as in places there are no such facilities, such as in the Cala Mosca area or the Orihuela Costa, where pedestrians have no official means of crossing the road in a site where a footbridge was destined to be built many years ago, but political and legal battles still leave pedestrians at risk due to the absence of the bridge.

It is time that politics are swept aside and the lives of innocent people are put first, which is something that the tragic death of Yassim is achieving in Santa Pola. Locally, all political groups are in support of remedial action, offering their condolences to his family, and although it is too late to save one life, many more can be protected if action is taken to solve these many risks along the N-332.

### Christmas Shopping Safety Tips

It´s not only on the roads where danger lurks at Christmas time, which is why the National Police have launched a campaign to keep shoppers safe during the festive season.

The “Comercio Seguro” campaign, which runs until the 9th of January, aims to make shoppers and traders aware of potential risks, thus hoping to reduce the number of scams, thefts and robberies that often occur in areas where large crowds gather.



A greater presence of police officers will be noticeable in key areas, as more officers are being deployed, not only on foot, but on horseback and supported by their k-9 colleagues as well.

A guide book has been produced warning of the dangers and current information can always be obtained through the three Twitter accounts, @policia, @interiorgob and @polprvalencia, which are the National Police, Interior Ministry and Valencia Police respectively.

One of the most frequent incidents the police have to deal with is lost children. The police recommend the obvious, keeping a close eye on children at all times, but also the less obvious, such as ensuring the child knows their name and a telephone number to contact in emergencies. They also recommend a wrist band or bracelet with the name and contact number of the parents printed or engraved on it.

For adults, you should avoid carrying large amounts of cash and make sure that you are not followed when you have collected cash from an ATM or a bank. If you become suspicious, contact the police immediately.

Do not accept help from strangers who supposedly want to help, they sometimes take advantage of your guard being lowered in order to grab money and valuables.

Avoid street-gamers playing such tricks as the “shell game” or “find the lady” type scams, not only will you not win, your distraction leaves you vulnerable to theft.

When you visit friends and neighbours, always lock your home securely, leave nothing of value in view, don´t fully lower your window blinds and don´t announce your intentions to vacate the premises on social media.

Similar advice also applies to the car of course, never leave valuables such as gifts on show. If you return to your vehicle with goods, be careful you are not seen if you then leave your car to continue to shop.

The National Police would also like to remind party organisers and revellers that any activity, party or public celebration must have administrative approval and comply with safety standards, such as having fire extinguishers, security and emergency exits indicated. If any incident occurs: keep calm and try to stay away from that area, alerting the organiser or 091. Always follow the event security personnel or police where appropriate.

### Roller Blading Child Killed by Truck

A 16-year old child was killed on Wednesday, struck by a truck on the N-332 road at Santa Pola.



The incident occurred at around 16:30 near to the Rocas Blancas hotel, a notoriously dangerous location of the N-332, when the child was rollerblading along the road.

A truck,. Which was driving along the road, was unable to avoid hitting the child.

The emergency services attended but could do nothing to preserve life.

Traffic was delayed whilst the incident was dealt with.

### Traffic Jams Cost Over 140 Million Euro

According to the annual report published by navigation company TomTom, traffic in Madrid has risen by around about 23%, which has led to an increase in traffic jams and the delays caused by them.



In Madrid, every motorist loses 25 minutes of time each day, and each of the 538,591 commercial vehicles on the road are losing an addition 1.41 euro per day. Therefore, collectively, and based on the minimum wage, the loss is estimated at over 141 million euro.

However, whereas it might be obvious to pick on the nation´s capital for these statistics, where we would perhaps expect traffic to increase, Madrid is actually in sixth place in the rankings, with Barcelona in the top-spot, followed Palma de Mallorca, Las Palmas, Gijón and Sevilla.

Valencia is in eighth place with 21% congestion resulting in 66 hours lost in traffic jams, the equivalent of just under 42 million euro. Alicante is in fifteenth place, just behind Murcia, both with 17% congestion resulting in 53 and 54 lost hours and 26 and 23 million euro respectively.

Traffic jams are costing companies in Spain millions, most of those costs ultimately being handed down to the end consumer, who are those sat in and causing the increase in traffic. Overall, in Spain, traffic jams have increased by 5% over the last 8 years. Barcelona traffic has increased journey time by 28%, which makes it the 62nd most congested city in the world.

The details contained in the report also shows that overall, the worst times to travel on Spanish roads are between 08:00 and 09:00 on Tuesdays, and between 15:00 and 16:00 on a Friday, where traffic increases by up to 50%. In Alicante however, Monday morning between 08:00 and 09:00 is the worst time, where traffic increases by 30%, and there is a 21% increase everyday between 18:00 and 19:00.

### School Bus Checks Last Week

Last week, officers form the Guardia Civil traffic department, assisted by colleagues from the Local Police, have been carrying out safety checks on vehicles carrying some of the most vulnerable road users, school buses.



One of the most notable findings was a driver of a school buss, carrying children, who tested positive for cocaine.

On average, school buses in Spain carry 230,000 students to and from school every day. Although statistically there are considerably less incidents involving school buses than almost any other form of transport, they still pose a significant risk if the rules are not followed and safety systems ignored.

The inspections cover a variety of different elements, including ensuring that all documentation, including insurance for example, are up to date, that the driver is authorised and safe to drive the vehicles, and that the vehicles themselves are of an acceptably high standard, not just having satisfied the mandatory testing, but that the systems are fully functional.

Seatbelts are crucial for the safe carriage of passengers in vehicles. Whereas no new bus will be authorised if it doesn´t have seatbelts fitted, there are still a number of older vehicles on the roads in which seatbelts were never installed and are still allowed in service. In fact, the law came into force in 2007 that ensured seatbelts are fitted in all new vehicles, and yet, only around 60% of the buses in service actually have them fitted due to them entering service before that time. The use of seatbelts in these vehicles reduce fatal injuries by 90% in the event of a frontal collision or rollover because, when properly fastened, they prevent the projection of passenger and reduces impact injuries to the abdomen and legs.

In 2015, school transport vehicles were involved in 27 incidents. Fourteen of them occurred on intercity roads and thirteen on urban roads. In these incidents there were no deaths, although nine occupants were injured. The most common contributing factors to these incidents were distractions or inappropriate speed by at least one of the vehicles involved.

### Pirate Taxi and British Fugitive Amongst Those Caught at Airport

Elche local police have been carrying out increased surveillance around Alicante-Elche airport, with considerable success, given the number of infractions detected in the most recent campaign.

Last week, 93 drivers were reported for speeding, one vehicle was identified as being a “pirate taxi”, one driver was fined for driving under the influence of drugs, three had expired ITV´s, three more were driving on foreign licences which are no longer valid in Spain, and a fugitive on the run from the UK was arrested.

The “pirate taxi” is defined as a vehicle carrying passengers in exchange for money or goods, although lacking the mandatory authorisation, licence and insurance to operate as a public service vehicle.

The driver found to be under the influence of drugs received a fine and lost six points. Those with expired licences are still ignoring the advice of the DGT to exchange their foreign licence for a Spanish equivalent, despite warnings of their lack of validity.

During the single operation, four vehicles were seized by the police in order to prevent them continuing.

### Green Lines to Reduce Speed

Serving as a trial before potentially being implemented across the country, Castilla y León will be one of the first places in Spain to adopt a number of new systems aimed at reducing road traffic incidents.

One of the first tests to be carried out will be on the CL-615 and CL-613, where green lines are being painted along the edge of the road. Having already been tested in parts of Sweden and the Netherlands, it has been proven that by using different colours on the road gives drivers a different special impression of the road and, in particular, induces drivers to moderate their speed accordingly, slowing down as the road appears to narrow.



The CL-615 is a 92 kilometre stretch of conventional road linking Palencia with Guardo, which is considered to be an area of high risk. Since 2011 to today, 14 people have lost their lives on the stretch of road, another 33 were seriously injured and 139 more people hospitalised due to road traffic incidents. The road has a hazard index rating of 12.37.

The CL-613 runs from Palencia to Sahagún and is a single carriageway road with traffic flowing in both directions, with long straight sections and numerous curves. This 58 kilometre stretch of road has seen 2 people killed, 30 seriously injured and 55 other people hospitalised since 2011. The hazard index rating for this road is 30.13.

Although it is believed that no explanation is necessary, the roads will also have informative signs indicating that the roads are of a special format, and that they may be subject to intensified speed checks and controls. In fact, the Guardia Civil will indeed focus more attention on these areas, not necessarily to try to catch more speeders, but to assess whether the markings do have an impact on reducing the speed of vehicles.

### How to Lose Points

The DGT has issued a list of some the top reasons why drivers in Spain lose points from their licence, categorised by their severity.

LOSE SIX POINTS

 	Driving with a rate of alcohol greater than 0.50 mg per litre of exhaled air. If professional and novice drivers (qualified less than two years), the limit is reduced to 0.30 mg / l.
 	Driving under the influence of drugs, psychotropics, stimulants and other substances with similar effects.
 	Refusing to submit to a breathalyser test or drug screening.
 	Driving in a reckless manner (endangering other drivers), driving in the opposite direction or engaging in unauthorised races.
 	Exceeding the speed limit by more than 50% the maximum authorised limit and by at least 30 kilometres per hour.
 	Using mechanisms or instruments that inhibit traffic monitoring or radar detection systems.
 	Exceeding driving time by more than 50% or reducing rest times by more than 50% of those laid down in legislation on land transport.

LOSE FOUR POINTS

 	Driving with a blood alcohol level between 0.25 and 0.50 mg per litre of exhaled air. For professional and novice drivers, the limit is between 0.15 and 0.30 mg / l.
 	Throwing objects on or nearby the road that could cause fires, accidents or impede other road users.
 	Driving on motorways or dual carriageways with vehicles that are expressly prohibited.
 	Driving a vehicle with an occupation that increases by 50% or more the number of authorised seats.
 	Driving a vehicle without a licence for that vehicle.
 	Driving with a suspended licence or having been banned for driving that vehicle.
 	Driving negligently and putting other road users at risk.
 	Failure to comply with the legal provisions on the priorities and the obligation to stop at the stop sign and traffic lights.
 	Failure to comply with the legal provisions on overtaking, endangering or hindering those moving in the opposite direction and overtaking in places or circumstances of reduced visibility.
 	Overtaking, endangering or hindering cyclists.
 	Perform a reversing manoeuvre on motorways.
 	Increasing speed or performing manoeuvres that prevent or hinder overtaking by the driver of another vehicle.
 	Failure to observe the signs and signals of agents that regulate movement.
 	Failure to maintain a safe distance from the vehicle ahead.

LOSE THREE POINTS

 	Making the change of direction in breach of the provisions in road safety laws.
 	Driving using a mobile phone, programming the browser, using headphones or other devices that reduce the attention.
 	Not using seat belts, child restraints, helmets and other protective equipment.

### Snow Preparations

For those who live in the sunnier areas of Spain, the thought of snow may seem a long and distant memory, but the reality is, even such sun-drenched places like the Costa Blanca, are less than an hour away from mountainous regions where snow can quickly close roads shutting off towns and villages.



If there is a risk that you will be driving in snow, you really need to consider purchasing snow chains for your vehicle.

Carrying snow chains is not a mandatory requirement, but in some areas, where snow packs the road, it becomes compulsory to use them, and so having them ready is advisable.

The Guardia Civil, police or other authorities responsible for the road can impose a restriction without warning, placing signs on the roads indicating that the use of snow chains compulsory, and if you don´t have them with you, you have just one option, to wait until the road has been cleared by a snowplough or naturally, until the restriction is lifted.



Failure to adhere to the mandatory use is not only extremely dangerous, you risk a fine. If you see the “cadenas obligatorias”, or variant thereof, you must stop driving if you don´t have snow chains on your vehicle.

It might also be wise to take additional equipment with you, such as warm blankets, emergency food and drink, and always advise somebody of your journey and route, as mobile phone signals are not always as reliable as we might hope.

### A Birthday Party in Quesada

On Friday, our friends at the Quesada office of Ibex Insurance will be celebrating their 6th birthday.



You are invited along to help them celebrate on Friday, 18th November, from 3pm, for drinks and nibbles and a raffle to raise money for local charities.

Members of N332 will be along during the afternoon, and we too are looking forward to meeting with you.

We hope to see you there, Ibex Insurance, Calle Turismo 4-A, Urb Ciudad Quesada, Rojales. If you need any more information, give Andrea, Carol or Michelle a call on 966 719 951, and you can also use that number for a quote for all your insurance needs.

See you there.

### Lebanese Traffic Officers Train in Spain

Members of the Guardia Civil have been sharing their knowledge of road safety and traffic policing to a group of Lebanese gendarmes and local police who attended a special course at the Miguel de Cervantes base, from where the Spanish troops are deployed on UN missions.



The program is called “Traffic Safety Joint Training” and has been presented to the local police officers based in Marjayoun and Ebel Saki, and members of the Lebanese gendarmerie.

The course lasted for five days in which the Spanish agents have shown how local forces how to conduct road blocks, traffic checks and alcohol or drug screening, including, for example, how to detect if a driver displays symptoms of having ingested alcohol or any kind of narcotic substance.

Other practical exercises included incident response and the techniques applied in Spain when collecting evidence and fingerprints, visual inspection and preserving and recording the scene.

### FIVE SIMPLE MAINTENANCE TASKS EVERYONE SHOULD KNOW

Proper maintenance of your vehicle is crucial to its safe and economic operation. Modern cars have become far more complex than their ancestors, and although it is vital that major work is carried out by a qualified engineer, there are some simple tasks that we should all know how to do and check them on a regular basis.



 	Check the engine oil level.

Oil is what keeps the mechanical parts of the engine lubricated in order for them to work properly. It is highly recommended to periodically check the oil levels, especially if your car is old or used frequently. Often, the regular maintenance schedule is not enough as even the smallest leak can cause a significant loss of oil over time.

Although the interval in which we check varies, it should always be done before a long journey, at least once per month, of if you see any signs of oil deposits on the road or your driveway. The oil levels should be checked when the engine is cold and the vehicle parked on a level place.

In order to check the levels you will need to open the bonnet and find the dipstick. The dipstick is one of the engine parts which is normally clearly visible and often labelled. It may look like a circle or ring, or have a small handle for you to grip. To check the levels, pull the dipstick from its holder, carefully, then wipe the end. Reinsert it, again carefully, and take it out again. You should now see a small deposit of oil on the end of the dipstick which should fall somewhere between markers indicating the maximum and minimum levels in the engine.

If no oil is shown, try again. If this is still the case, or if the oil level looks too high, you may wish to seek assistance from a mechanic straight away.

 	Check tyre pressure.

Maintaining proper tyre pressure is crucial for maintaining the maximum life and performance of the tyres, as well as avoiding serious problems that can jeopardise the safety and security of the vehicle, such as the loss of stability, an increase in braking distance, and even a high risk blowout.

Tyre pressure can be checked at most fuel filling stations, often for free, where they have calibrated equipment that can tell you the exact pressure in each of the tyres. Checking the pressure of tyres should be done when the tyres are cold and have not run far, and when the vehicle is unloaded.

You should check the vehicle´s manual for the correct tyre pressure, although more modern cars have a plate fitted to the vehicle which tells you this.

 	Changing a wheel.

A recent survey revealed that only 25% of drivers know how to change a wheel.

All drivers should know how to change a wheel in the event of a puncture or other damage. Although your breakdown service may cover this, knowing you to change the wheel can significantly reduce waiting times in the event of failure.

Not all cars carry fully specific road-ready spare wheels. Some have modern kits to temporarily repair damage, others have emergency wheels which can be used at a reduced speed until your vehicle reaches a place of safety where the proper tyre can be repaired.

It is important to know what type of spare your vehicle carries, and how to use the tools which accompany it. Check your vehicle´s manual for specific details.

You can practice changing your wheel away from traffic, perhaps on a driveway or private road.

Remember, if you do need to change your wheel on a live road, make sure you are safe, protected by your emergency triangles and high visibility clothing, never put yourself in a live lane, and if there is any doubt or risk, always summon assistance.

 	Change the wiper blades.

It is easy to identify wiper blades that are in poor condition as they leave an irregular pattern on the window when wiping water away, or they might squeak when in use. You should never let your wiper blades get to this state as they can cause damage to the windscreen.

Check them on a regular basis, using your windscreen washing system.

Different vehicles require different blades and they are not always changed in the same way. Generally, the blades connect to the arm via a simple clip, although you might want to check with your vehicle´s manual. Most large supermarkets now stock wiper blades and provide a guide to which ones fit each vehicle, including, often, their own brands which can be cheaper than main makes, although you may then want to check them more regularly.

 	Changing a light bulb.

We have dealt with lights in a different article, and although it is no longer mandatory to carry spare bulbs as changing them can be almost impossible, checking them is vital.

It is however important that checking our lights is part of our standard and regular checking process, which is why we have also included them in this section.

Remember, although some of these tasks might seem a little complex, you can leave the hard parts to the experts, but it is always good to know the basics to ensure safe motoring whatever the vehicle we choose to drive.

### Orihuela Costa Emergency Centre to Open by 2019

The tender for completing the construction of the Orihuela Costa Emergency Coordination Centre will be issued before summer, 2017.

Both the PP run Orihuela Municipal Council, and the now PSOE run Valencia Government have agreed the process of funding the 1,650,000 euro project, which has been stood abandoned since 2011 when the original builder filed for bankruptcy.

With this latest news, the tender will be issued before the summer with a completion date now of the end of 2018.

The centre will house the local and National Police, Guardia Civil, ambulance, fire service and forest fire brigade, although there will be some changes to the original plan in order to adapt to the modern operations of the emergency services.

The original plans were made under the administration of Monica Lorente´s local government.

### Judge Condemns Cyclist in Pedestrian Crossing Collision

A judge in Seville has ruled that a cyclist who was hit by a car whilst riding over a pedestrian crossing must compensate the driver of the car that hit him.

The incident occurred in November, 2015, when the cyclist was crossing calle Pino de Santa Clara then joining the flow of traffic. The crossing was displaying a “green” phase for the passage of pedestrians, with a flashing amber light for vehicles on the road.

The cyclist collided with the side of a car, which was continuing along the road, over the crossing. Because the cyclist was on the crossing at the time, it was first considered that the car was at fault, but the judge has ruled otherwise, as the crossing was for the passage of pedestrians and, as the bicycle was being ridden, it is classed as a vehicle and should not have been using the crossing.

The cyclist must now pay 500.42 euro to the owner of the car by means of compensation for the damage caused. The cyclist is also condemned to pay the costs of the court.

The ruling is also a warning to other cyclists that they must understand and respect the rules and priorities of the road.

### Drunk Driver Causes Multiple Vehicle Crash

A drunk driver caused excessive damage to a number of vehicles on Friday, having previously avoided an alcohol check-point in Seville.

Whilst trying to escape, the vehicle collided with six others, four of which were parked, on Paseo de la Palmera in Seville.

The vehicle had been seen by Guardia Civil officers trying to avoid the check-point and so they pursued the vehicle which then crashed.

The local police joined the Guardia Civil in closing the area and controlling traffic whilst the officers then spoke to the driver responsible for the crash, finding the driver not only to be under the influence of alcohol, but also under age at only 16 years of age.

One of the victims had to be cut from their own car by the fire service. The driver was arrested and presented to the child courts.

### Recall Alert – Renault Megane XFB

A product recall notice has been issued against the Renault Megane XFB models manufactured before February 2016, because of a problem with the brakes.

The company has discovered that friction from the rim or tyres on the front wheels can result in rubbing the brake pipes and a subsequent leak, potentially resulting in a loss of braking performance.

Renault Spain has stated that it is currently contacting owners of the vehicles to invite them to the workshop to have the problem resolved with reinforcements on the pipes.

If you have one of these vehicles you can contact your local Renault maintenance department for advice.

### Prison for Footballer who Refused Breath Test

The Criminal Court in Las Plamas, Gran Canaria, has sentenced a professional footballer to nine months in prison, and a two-year ban, for refusing to undergo a breathalyser test.

Sergio Araujo, who plays for UD Las Palmas, had already failed a previous test in February of 2013, resulting in a fine and the withdrawal of his licence for eight months.

In September of the same year the footballer was stopped again and refused to carry out the breathalyser test, knowing that a failure so close to his previous conviction would have further consequences.

The officers had observed the driver behaving in an unusual manner and so approached him. They believed that the driver had consumed alcohol and decided to conduct a breath test. The courts acknowledge that the first indicative test was passed, but as the officers wanted to conduct a confirmatory test the footballer believed that he was being victimised on account of who he was, and so refused.

He also argued that it was not aware of the consequences of his refusal and that, at the last moment, when advised by his father, he wanted to take the test, but was told it was too late.

Judge Mónica Oliva González concluded that there were several contradictions in the testament of the footballer, “If the defendant called his father and told him that he would be arrested, it shows that he knew the consequences of a refusal to undergo the test. Hence it is illogical to assert in court that he was never informed of it”.

The judge also states it “irrelevant” that at the last moment he decided he wanted the test, after several warnings from the officers.

The judge gave full credence to the officers of the Guardia Civil, who “are presumed to be more objective and impartial” and offered a “clear, specific and persistent” version of events.

### Mobility Scooters Banned from Pavements

The DGT has published a notification in which it intends to enforce a control on small motorised vehicles on pedestrian areas and pavements, which, although intended to reduce the risk to pedestrians from collisions with such vehicles as segways, it also effectively bans mobility scooters.



The rule is intended to limit the use of vehicles such as segways, electric scooters, powered bikes and other motorised devices, but the rule will also include mobility scooters for the disabled.

The DGT states that it is impossible to assimilate the vehicles as pedestrians on account of them being motorised, and so they must only be used on the road.

There have been numerous reports of segways causing problems when mixing with pedestrians, and similar reports have also been filed following collisions with mobility scooters. Because these vehicles move faster than pedestrians, and lack their own space to move, they pose too great a risk for the DGT to be satisfied that they can be used safely on the pavement.

However, there is still some hope as the DGT has also said that local authorities themselves can issue an ordinance which authorises the use of these vehicles on pavements, and so each municipality would have to ensure that they issue local rules to permit their use.

It is also highly likely that the ruling will be heavily contested as most of the users of mobility scooters need them in order to provide the means to travel around towns and cities, and so restricting the free movement of the disabled would not be an option easily enforced.

The ruling also states that the person in control of these vehicles do not need to hold a licence and insurance is not mandatory, although it is optional and recommended.

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 4

The latest edition of N332 RoadWatch is out now with features on driving in snow, checking your lights, vision problems, priority vehicles, electric patrol cars and more.

You can purchase your own PDF of the magazine by clicking the button below.

Buy Now

Alternatively, scroll down the page, read the introduction, then you can browse through the pages on your computer, tablet or phone.

We have quite a lot to talk about in this, the latest issue of N332 RoadWatch, not least because of the dramatic seasonal change we call winter.

Snow has already started to fall in parts of Spain, cutting off many villages and towns, albeit only for a short time, it is set to get worse as the winter months move on. We have a little article about snow chains to advise you when you need to use them and why you should carry them.

Okay, for many who live in coastal zones, snow may not pose too much of a problem, but those dark nights certainly will. As the clocks went back recently we were plunged into darkness, and so it is a good time to check out lights and make sure they all work. We should do that on a regular basis of course, but especially now.

Talking of lights, we answer a question posed by a number of our followers and readers, the question about the legality of Daytime Running Lights on motorbikes. Not only do we answer the questions, we also give you the document issued by the authorities which explains to law enforcement officers the reasons, just in case you need it.

We also look again at some other constant questions we are asked, such as transferring a vehicle following a death, the eITV certificate which replaced the paper version, and licence points and how to lose them.

We also have a feature on eyesight, one of the hidden dangers on the roads, as deterioration is often slow and gradual, vision problems are not always noticed.

The Guardia Civil have some new equipment again. For routine patrols they now have some electric vehicles, and in the traffic department the trusty PDA is being replaced by tablet computers. We look at both of those in this issue.

We have also launched our newest section on the website, N332 Services, where we have sought out a number of trusted companies who will provide goods and services to you, not only with a substantial discount, but also with the assurance that we vouch for quality of their service.

One of those service providers in me, I am Mark Nolan by the way, and aside from my voluntary work on the N332 Road Safety Project, I am also a publicist who creates websites and other marketing materials for companies and individuals. I will tell you more about my services in another edition, because this time we are showcasing an alarm provider, Securitas Direct, who offer one of the most comprehensive systems, covering the whole of Spain, that can monitor your home or business whether you are in the country or if you have gone back to your homeland for the winter.

Finally, I must also mention that one of our supporters, IBEX Insurance, are celebrating a birthday. Their Quesada office are having a party this week. I hope to get along myself, and would really look forward to meeting with you there.

Until next time, stay safe.

Buy Now



Buy Now

### Product Recall – TREK Bicycles

Bicycle manufacturer TREK has issued a recall notice for some of its products after identifying a potential risk with the forks which the company believes could lead to an injury incident.

Specifically, the company reports that a poorly assembled fork can unexpectedly turn whilst the bike is being ridden, thus causing a crash.

The bicycle models are:

Farley 2014

Cuadro Farley 2014

Farley 6 2015

Cuadro Farley 6 2015

If you have one of these bicycles you should contact the manufacturer or the company themselves, using the information on your warranty documents.

Click here for the product recall notice.

### Appeal for Information – Hit and Run Alicante

An appeal for information has been launched following a hit and run in Alicante.



The incident occurred on Thursday, 3rd November, 2016, at the junction of calle Foguerer and calle San Mateo.

A woman of 49 years of age and another of 21 were injured in the incident.

One of the victims remains in a coma in a critical condition.

The vehicle being sought is a passenger car, silver or grey in colour, which apparently failed to give way at the junction, colliding with a motorbike, and then fleeing the scene.

Anybody with information can report it to the Local Police in Alicante on 965 10 72 00, or via your own local police or Guardia Civil stations with the details of the incident.

### Prison for Causing Death by Reckless Riding

The Provincial Court of Valencia has been sentenced two individuals found responsible for the death of a 15-year old girl in a motorbike crash to a total of three and a half years in prison for causing her death.

The incident occurred in 2007 in the town of Cheste during the celebrations of the Grand Prix. The two people who caused the death were riding motorbikes at the time and performing moves such as “wheelies”, and driving towards each other. One of the riders, who was 23 at the time, did not hold a driving licence.

During one of these stunts, the riders collided head-on resulting in the girl, who was riding on the back, falling off the motorbike and hitting her head on the ground. This injury resulted in her death. The riders were not wearing crash helmets.

The Court confirmed the sentence passed by the judge of the Criminal Court of Valencia, Enrique Ortolá, which saw both riders responsible for crimes of reckless driving, reckless homicide and causing injuries.

One of those responsible received a two year prison sentence, the other a year and a half, and should compensate the parents of the deceased with 113,682 euro.

The town hall were also asked to give evidence that they had adequate procedures in place to prevent the tragedy, stating that performing such stunts is prohibited in the municipality and they provided more police during the event.

### Dramatic Crash at La Manga

Two people were injured this weekend when the car they were travelling in left the road and landed in the sea off the Mar Menor coast of La Manga.



The emergency services received numerous calls about the incident on Friday evening and despatched assistance to the scene.

The occupants had already vacated the vehicle when they arrived although they were taken to a local health centre as a precaution.

### N332 Launches New Services Section

As part of our development strategy, we have been working with some selected companies to try to provide our followers with some great deals and offers in order to reward your loyalty to us.

As a result of that, we are now launching N332 Services, a special section on the website where these companies can advertise their products and offer you special rates.

Over the next few weeks we will be expanding the network to provide more services, but right now we have great deals on burglar alarm systems, tow truck services, website design, document renewals and more.

You will be able to visit our directory as it grows by visiting the services page, which is available on the menu at the top of the n332.es website, or by just typing n332.es/services.

There is also a telephone you can call to leave your details with us to arrange for one of our trusted partners to contact you and explain their own services on offer. That number is also on the services page.

Remember, please mention N332 when you use any of the services or companies offered on this site, as it helps to spread the valuable message of the community we are operating in, all of us, working together for safer roads.

### N332 Supported by RTN

N332 has signed a new media collaboration agreement, this time with the English language newspaper, the RTN.

Each week, you will be able to read an article in the RTN which has been specially prepared for them, and which has not been published anywhere else.

We believe that it is important for us to nurture relationships like this, as we value other means of spreading this vital, potentially life-saving advice through as many different mediums as possible.

With our relationship with the RTN you will now be able to enjoy some of our articles in print, as well as those published on the n332.es website.

Many sure you pick up the RTN newspaper every Friday for the latest article in “The number one free weekly newspaper on the Costa Blanca, Costa Cálida with all the local news, sport and major stories and events”, and visit their website for up to date news at www.roundtownnews.com.

North Edition

### N332 Visits TRACS in Torrevieja

The N332 Road Safety Project Roadshow made another stop in Torrevieja recently, giving a presentation to the popular TRACS social and networking group.



Around 100 people were invited to attend the presentation, which was held in the Nautica Bar I Torrevieja´s harbour, and despite the damp day, the room was packed out by attendees.



The presentation was led by Mark Nolan from the N332 website, with Francisco Morales from the Guardia Civil making a virtual appearance by video, on account of him having to patrol the roads on that day, although he did manage to pop in during a quieter time on patrol.



The presentation took the group through some of the typical unanswered questions, such as how to spot an unmarked traffic car to avoid becoming a victim of roadside robberies, what to do in the event of being stopped by the police, licensing, fines, equipment, and more, as well as everybody´s favourite subject, driving on roundabouts.



The presentation was further supported by experts from Ibex insurance, who were on hand to answer questions relating to insurance matters, and other experts from one of the biggest alarm providers in Spain, Seguritas Direct, who gave a brief talk about the benefits of their system in the home.

More presentations are now being arranged into the New Year. If you are part of a group in the Torrevieja, Orihuela, Elche and surrounding areas who can get around 50 to 60 people together, and you would be interested in receiving a talk from a member of the N332 group and their supporting businesses, you can contact us by emailing news@n332.es.

### More than a hundred people investigated for insurance fraud

Officers from the Economic and Tax Crime investigation unit of the National Police, UDEF, in Murcia are investigating more than 100 people for fraudulent activities related to vehicle insurance.



Amongst those under investigation are supposed victims or road traffic incidents, as well as lawyers and doctors, most of whom are trauma specialists, with links to another criminal gang which was disbanded in 2014 after they falsified claims for around 400 incidents.

The officers discovered an extensive network of activity specifically aimed at defrauding insurance companies through false and exaggerated claims following incidents, and others which were intentionally caused.

The network included lawyers who specialise in traffic related matters, and doctors who also specialise in treating motor vehicle related injuries.

The 2014 investigation began following the suspicions raised by insurance companies over the severity of claims and abnormalities in the reporting. The investigation revolved predominantly around the Murcia region with the heads of the network, two residents of Molina de Segura, joining more than 60 people arrested. Despite that network being disbanded, the ringleaders continued to operate, leading to these latest findings and arrests.

### Busy Weekend for November Holiday

The road network is expected to be particularly busy this weekend, with 3.3 million journeys expected across the Valencia region alone. Of those, 1.25 million will be around the Alicante province.

A special operation will be in place throughout the weekend with traffic officers monitoring the road network, supported by workers on the ground and helicopters in the air.

The busiest times are expected to be on Friday between 16:00 and 21:00, Saturday from 08:00 to 14:00, and on Tuesday from 16:00 to 21:00.

Because of the national holiday on Tuesday (Todos los Santos), many people have taken Monday off in order to have an extended weekend. Monday of course is Halloween.

Coastal and leisure areas are expected to see the most traffic, including shopping centres. The clocks go back on Saturday night, changing the lighting dynamics of the road. On Monday evening special care should be taken to look out for children celebrating Halloween (they may be dressed as ghosts (or worse)), and on Tuesday cemeteries will be busy as families go to celebrate the special day with loved ones departed from this world. Some local towns and cities have provided bus services on Tuesday morning.

Remember, throughout the weekend, allow extra time for your journey, keep calm, maintain a proper and safe distance, watch your speed, avoid distractions and don´t consume alcohol or drugs.

### Do You Indicate?

This article was first provided to our media partners at the RTN. You can read new articles each week in your favourite English language newspaper, out every Friday...

http://www.roundtownnews.com/



One of the biggest annoyances of drivers in Spain is when other drivers fail to use their indicators. In Spain, failing to indicate is punishable by a 200 euro fine.

It is important to remember that indicators are there in order to “indicate” our intentions, and therefore must be used before any manoeuvre takes place, remember your driving school days, Mirror-Signal-Manoeuvre. Indicating after you have started to slow down of change direction does not give sufficient warning. Equally, it must be remembered that they don´t give us priority over other road users.

We must indicate whenever we intend to deviate from our course or direction. In other words, if we are going to turn or change lanes for example. On a roundabout we must signal our intention to leave the roundabout immediately after passing the exit before ours.

Pulling out from a parking spot or changing lanes can allow other drivers to assess if they are able to safely alter their course, although caution must still be exercised.

Overtaking is one of the most dangerous manoeuvres we can do, especially when the move involves invading the opposing lane. It is important to indicate our intentions to warn other road users who might be considering doing the same thing, especially more vulnerable road users such as motorbikes.

Turning into or out of a minor road must always be indicated, whether left or right, in order to also advise other road users, including those we may not have seen, such as pedestrians and cyclists.

Remember though, always indicate first and always remember that indicating does not give us a right to move, or change our priority on the road, it simply indicates our intentions to other road users.

### Officers Seriously Injured in Santa Pola Crash

A serious collision occurred on Tuesday evening when an overtaking maneuver resulted in a head-on collision with a patrol car of the Guardia Civil.

The incident occurred at around 20:30 on the road between Santa Pola and Elche, just in front of the Elche Safari Park.

One of the officers was trapped in the vehicle and had to be extracted by fire fighters. Both officers suffered serious injuries, the driver now in a critical condition fighting for his life.

The occupant of the other vehicle has injuries but is otherwise okay.

### Results from the first European Day Without A Road Death (Project EDWARD)

Results from the first European Day Without A Road Death (Project EDWARD) have been published by TISPOL (the European Traffic Police Network) and the European Commission.
Summary of results:


 	On Wednesday 21 September 2016 (Project EDWARD day) there were 43 road deaths across 31 countries
 	This compares with 70 fatalities on the same day in 2015 and represents a like-for-like reduction of almost 39 per cent.
 	19 countries recorded zero fatalities on 21 September, compared with 11 countries in 2015. Eight of these countries had recorded at least one fatality on 21 September 2015
 	Seven other countries recorded a reduction in fatalities, compared with the same day in 2015
 	Three countries recorded an increase in fatalities
 	A full country-by-country result sheet is available here

Twitter impact:


 	7,923 Twitter posts on Monday 19th, Tuesday 20th and Wednesday 21st September
 	19,298,225 unique reach for #ProjectEDWARD
 	Project EDWARD featured in Twitter Moments Today
 	Trending in top 5 in UK
 	Trending in many other countries
 	At one point trending in top 50 globally

Commenting on Project EDWARD, European Commissioner Violeta Bulc said:
"Education and awareness make important contributions to road safety, and Project EDWARD sets an extremely ambitious target: to achieve a day without a single death on Europe’s roads. This year, we recorded a significant improvement compared to 2015, which shows that when all stakeholders come together we really make an impact and save lives. We are on the right path to make the aspirational goal of zero fatality a reality."
The new TISPOL President Paolo Cestra said:
“When we launched Project EDWARD, we accepted that it would be incredibly difficult to achieve a day without road death across Europe. But we believe these results show that when everyone works together towards such a worthwhile goal, we can make a big difference. We thank everyone who signed the pledge, who shared our information messages and who made one or two small differences in the way they use the road.  Any small individual action counts in helping to recuce the number of people killed and seriously injured on the roads of Europe. 
“We understand that many factors impact on fatality figures on any particular day, so we cannot state what direct impact Project EDWARD had. But we believe Project EDWARD has delivered fantastic results in terms of revitalising Europe-wide collaboration and participation, as well as sharing simple road safety messages far and wide."
“There is an ambitious European Commission target to reduce death on Europe’s roads by the year 2020. That target has in recent times seemed out of reach. But we believe that Project EDWARD has shown that, with the right commitment and motivation, we still have time to achieve it, and I urge everyone to work towards that goal.”
About Project EDWARD:


 	Project EDWARD was introduced by TISPOL to run for the first time on 21 September 2016
 	As well as raising awareness of road safety issues, a key aim of Project EDWARD was to draw attention to the value of national and Europe-wide road safety targets
 	The European Commission supported Project EDWARD
 	31 European countries supported Project EDWARD
 	Financial support for Project EDWARD was provided by the GEM Motoring Assist Road Safety Charity

### Emergency Response - What is P.A.S.

The P.A.S. system based on the first response to a situation, in which the primary concern should always be protection, then advising others, and then assisting those in need.



In Spanish, PAS is derived from Proteger Avisar Socorrer, which we could translate to Protect, Advise, Assist.

Let us look at the three elements. You can see how these come together on the pictogram, remembering that the first and most important stage is safety.

Protect

What to Do.

Knowing what to do if you witness a traffic accident can not only save the lives of the injured, but also your own. Never forget the three steps: Protect, Advise and Assist.

Self-protection. Park your own vehicle in a safe spot and wear your reflective vest before leaving it.

Keep away from a burning vehicle or if you notice that it is transporting dangerous goods.

Protect the accident site. Signal the area as soon as possible by placing warning triangles and switching on your hazard warning lights.

 

Advise

Call the emergency services on 112 (they speak multiple languages, including English).

Information to provide:

 	Location of the place of accident (street, number, kilometre point, if it is a two-way street, the address, and report any other detail that can assist in identifying your location quickly: chapel, restaurant ...
 	The number of injured people and all the information you can provide (if unconscious, bleeding etc).
 	Special circumstances (the existence of trapped persons, danger of falling vehicle, if they are transporting dangerous goods, if fallen into water etc).
 	Characteristics and number of vehicles.
 	Wait from the controllers to confirm the details before hanging up.

 

Assist

Be extremely careful in order to not add or aggravate injuries.

 

You should not do.

 	As a general rule, do not move the injured, nor remove them from the vehicle.
 	If they are a biker, do not remove the helmet.
 	Do not give drink, food or medication.
 	Do not allow them to move on their own.
 	Do not leave until emergency services say it is okay.

 

You should do

 	Stay close to the injured, if possible, at their side. Try to keep them calm.
 	If necessary, and always if you know how to, perform first aid.

 

An English version of the poster was published in Issue 3 of N332 RoadWatch magazine. Click here to read that issue.

### New Portable Breathalysers

We have been reporting recently on the new mobile speed detectors that the Guardia Civil have in service, small and compact enough to carry with them on their motorbikes, this time we are introducing you to another invaluable tool in their arsenal for keeping the roads safer, an evidential, portable breathalyser, the SAF’IR™ Evolution.



Like many police forces across Europe, the Guardia Civil use hand-held breathalysers at the moment, but these devices only give an approximate indication of alcohol consumption and are not used in evidence. Instead, a bigger, computerised machine is used which provides more accurate results and provides a report which can then be used as evidence in subsequent prosecution. As well as having these devices available in many of the traffic police stations, the Guardia Civil have a fleet of vehicles which have these computerised units installed and are used at the roadside.



However, these units are not always immediately available to officers who suspect alcohol has been consumed, or I the event of the failure of a standard roadside test. That is where these new SAF’IR™ EVOLUTION devices come into their own.

As well as being an evidential analyser, meaning that the testing accuracy is certified and valid in court. It has a start-up time of less than one minute, a simple user interface, and a long battery life that can be extended in-vehicle with an adapter. Not only that, the entire unit is in a case about the size of a household drill, along with sterile blow tubes and a printer that can process the fine on the spot, as well as recording the evidence.

It is because of the compactness of the units that they can also be carried on the new motorbikes, ready to be used at a moment´s notice, ensuring the most accurate record and processing of offenders is carried out in the shortest time possible.

Along with the new portable speed monitoring devices, these new breathalysers mean that the motorbikes and other vehicles patrolling our streets have never been as equipped to deal with offenders and the officers have never had such a valuable set of tools on-hand to ensure that the roads are safer for all.



SAF'IR™ Evolution SAF'IR™ Evolution

SPECIFICATIONS

Size and Weight:              85mm x 255mm x 46mm – 600 grams

Measuring Principle:       Infrared spectrometry ethanol molecule-selective 9.46 µm-wavelength

Measuring Cycle:             Automatic with monitoring and diagnosis of good operation

Measurement Unit:        mg/L of alcohol in exhaled air, µg/L air, g/L blood BAC, %BAC

Measuring Range:           0 to 2,00 mg/L (0 to 450 BAC)

Measurement Display:  Function of unit chosen, accuracy maximum 1 µg/L

Measuring Frequency:  Ready to blow in less than 30 seconds

Calibration:         Dry gas / wet gas

Operating Temperature:              -5°C to +40°C

Data Transfer:   PC via USB port and ACS software

Memory:             Over 3,200 time-stamped events with Bluetooth printing

Display:                Graphic LCD

Power Supply:   Built-in rechargeable NiMH battery

Features:             Bluetooth printing and GPS applications

Battery Life:       Over 20 hours

 

 

 

 

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YrWMHaeFfP0

### Warning Triangles

It is mandatory for all vehicles to carry two warning triangles. These triangles must be of a certified standard for Europe. Homologation certification is shown by the presence of a label, sticker or stamp, similar to that on child seats, which, amongst other codes referring to the manufacturer and other details, shows the letter “E” and a number in a circle. The code is sometimes in a box rather than a circle, but it depends on the product in question. For warning triangles, we are looking for a circle and in particular you are looking for E9. The “E” refers to a European standard and in this case, “9” refers to the item having been certified in Spain. By the way, E11 refers to the UK, but so long as your triangle carries the European certificated stamp, it is acceptable for use in Spain.

The reason two triangles must be carried is that at times we need to offer a warning and protection from vehicles approaching from the front, as well as from behind. We will look at that in some detail on the next page.

Once you have your warning triangles, the next stage is often overlooked, but it is a good idea to take them out or the packaging and assemble them a couple of times. Usually, when we need to use warning triangles we need to assemble them quickly to provide as much warning as possible. It is mandatory to carry them, but they will be of little use if you don´t know how to use them. That is why we recommend you practice, and keep practicing, so that if the time ever does arise, you know immediately how to assemble them.

If you are carrying them in your boot, although they should be in a secure place, we also suggest that you always have them at hand. It´s not a good idea to pile your shopping and other items on top of the triangles as if you do need to use them, you need to access them quickly.

Some vehicles have warning triangles installed as standard, sometime in the lid of the boot, which you can just take out at a moment’s notice. Again though, make sure you know how to take them out so that if you need them, you know exactly how to access them.

It is also a good idea to carry them in some kind of protective case and to ensure that they are kept clean so that their high visibility standards are maintained.



Where to Place Your Warning Triangles

In the event of your vehicle becoming immobilised on the road and causing a hazard, you must provide additional warnings to other road users of your presence. We deal with the entire process in another article but you must remember that the first thing you must do is switch on your vehicle´s hazard warning lights. This applies both in the day and at night.

You must then place your warning triangles in such a manner to provide sufficient warning to oncoming vehicles.

Ordinarily, you must place your triangles 50 metres away from your vehicle, so that they are visible from a distance of 100 metres.



On a normal two-way road you must place one triangle behind and one in front of your vehicle, both at a distance of 50 metres and visible from at least 100 metres.

On a one-way road, or a road which has more than 3 lanes, such as a motorway, you only need to place one triangle at the rear of your vehicle 50 metres away and visible from 100 metres.

Ensuring that your triangle is visible is crucial to offering a warning to approaching vehicles. In the event that your vehicle is after a bend or over the brow of a hill, move the triangle further away so that it is visible before vehicles reach the bend or brow.

### New Radars around the Country

The latest range of vehicle monitoring and enforcement devices came into action on the roads of Spain.



Autumn is always a key time in road safety terms as national and regional governments invest millions into saving lives, and even with a caretaker government running the country in 2016, and a lot of major investments on hold, budgets for road safety still currently remain.

In Catalonia, where traffic policing is independent from Spain, the Servicio Catalán de Tráfico announced the installation of 10 new radars which would come into force in September.

They are located at 5 key points on the road network, where many safety incidents have been recorded, along the AP-7 in Tarragona, the N-11 Capmany-Agullana road in Girona, the C-66 in the  Corsà-Rupià-La Pera- Flaçà-Sant Joan de Mollet area of Girona, and the C-16 Sant Cugat del Vallés and Cercs, both in Barcelona.

These new radars record the average speed of vehicles over a specific stretch of road, recording the number plate as the vehicle passes one point, registering it again at another, then calculating the time taken between the two points. With these 10 new section controls Catalonia has added to the sections already monitored. You can view all of their locations on the http://transit.gencat.cat/ website.

Throughout Spain, more cameras capable of monitoring more than just speed have been installed and switched on. Now, there are 222 cameras throughout the country which take a series of images in order to determine if the vehicle occupants are wearing seatbelts, or if the driver is on their mobile phone. There are another 55 on order which will be installed and implemented soon.

More red-light cameras have been installed in the capital city, Madrid. An additional 9 cameras have been installed, on top of the 26 already existing, looking for vehicles which fail to stop at a red light. Despite the municipal government facing criticism for the cameras on account of the money they are now collecting, it must be remembered that the cameras only activate if an offence has been committed, and, moreover, the offence in question recorded by these devices is a practice which carries extreme risk, not only to the offender, but also other and more vulnerable road users. You can find the exact locations of these from the town hall website,

Valencia has also increased its allocation of red-light cameras, with an additional 2 devices joining the 3 already on duty. The new devices are awaiting activation, but that will occur soon.

Almería Council announced the launch of a new mobile radar, which has been provided in conjunction with the DGT, specifically operating in the Roquetas de Mar area. Although not a permanent acquisition it will be operating at predetermined times in the area.

The same situation occurred in Jaen, where the local council also collaborated with the DGT to provide more coverage on the roads by using mobile speed detecting equipment.

Finally, we must once again mention the new lightweight portable devices which have been issued to the Guardia Civil. Small enough to be carried on their motorbikes, these new devices can quite literally be positioned almost anywhere and at any time.

Be on the lookout for these radars, you can check the DGT.es website for the latest locations, but above all, try not to get caught. The simplest way of avoiding detection is to always drive within the constraints of the maximum permitted speed of the road and the road conditions.

### Time to Check you Battery

In autumn, one of the biggest causes of breakdowns is a fault to do with the car´s electrical system or the battery.



This is actually a continuation from the summer months, although engine overheating is also a common problem in the summer, but more than half of the recorded faults dealt with by the roadside are related to the car´s battery.

Often, the problem is age related and the fact that the battery has simply discharged. This is a common consequence of high temperatures.

Between the months of June and September, there are more roadside recoveries than any other time of year, partly due to the increase in traffic, as well as the damage caused by high temperatures.

The advice is to thoroughly check your vehicle on a regular basis, keep electrical use to a minimum when the engine isn´t running, and, above all, have your vehicle checked by a qualified mechanic on a regular basis.

### The DGT Performs the First Roadside ITV Test

This week, the first roadside ITV inspection of a vehicle took place in Spain, as part of a week-long campaign checking commercial vehicles such as buses, trucks and vans which runs until the 16th of October.



According to the DGT, 9% of vans, 4% of trucks and 1% of the buses involved in injury incidents on interurban roads last year had an expired ITV at the time of the incident. Furthermore, the European Union estimates that 6% of incidents are due to technical failures, many of which could have been avoided with proper vehicle maintenance.

The DGT has 5 inspection units which have been deployed around the country with an intention of carrying out 12,000 vehicle inspections each year.

These mobile units have all the necessary technical equipment to carry out the complete ITV inspection, including checking brakes, axle weight, lights and safety equipment, and have thermal imaging cameras to inspect the vehicle thoroughly.

The inspections are carried out by specially trained members of the Guardia Civil traffic department who are able to enforce the inspections on vehicles, as well as carry out the necessary process should a failure or fault be detected.

The plan also form part of an EU directive which states that for the purposes of road safety and environmental protection, the current periodic technical inspection of commercial vehicles is not enough, and so it is necessary to carry out these roadside inspections to monitor the proper maintenance of vehicles on the road, which, as part of the parameters of the process, ensures monitoring compliance with the ITV.

Traffic law dictates that deficiencies in the maintenance of vehicles can be considered a serious offenses, punishable by a 200 euro fine, or a very serious offence resulting in a 500 euro fine. In addition, the vehicle can be immobilised in case of serious deficiencies (brakes, tires, suspension, etc), and the subsequent obligation to submit the vehicle for inspection, once the repairs have been carried out, at a fixed ITV station.



The penalty for driving a vehicle without having passed the ITV is 200 euro, and in the event of driving a vehicle which has failed the test, a 500 euro fine.

In 2015, 25% of buses and 23% of trucks presented to the periodic technical inspection (ITV) failed the test. In the same year, trucks over 3,500 kg of maximum authorized mass and buses were involved in 5,909 injury incidents, in which 293 people were killed.

Most of the fatal incidents involving trucks took place on interurban roads, whereas those involving buses mostly occurred on urban roads. Collectively, distractions are the main causes of incidents involving this type of vehicle.

In order to improve road safety, if repeat offenders are identified, not only will the drives themselves be penalised, but the companies they work for will also find themselves under investigation, facing some liability for any offences committed, and, in the worst cases, having their operating licence withdrawn.

The campaign this week coincides with a similar one across Europe where the European Traffic Police network, TISPOL, are also focussing on trucks and buses. Speed, distractions, alcohol and drugs, seatbelts, documentation and now the technical aspects of the vehicles themselves will be held under the microscope.

### Search Launched for Escaped Inmates after Riot

An overnight riot on Wednesday in the immigration detention centre at Sangonera la Verde, Murcia, resulted in five police officers being injured and dozens of inmates escaping the facility.



The riot began at around 20:30 when inmates seized fire extinguishers and hoses and used these items against the officers to force their way out. As a result, five of the officers suffered injuries, including upper extremity fractures and dislocations.

An alert was immediately raised with support and ambulances rushing to the scene. The end result is that 67 of the 130 immigrant inmates escaped.

During the course of the night 28 escapees were rounded up, mainly in the Cartagena and Alcantarilla areas, a lot of whom were found hiding in fields leaving almost 40 still at large.

All security services are now combining efforts to locate and capture those missing, which will result in intensifies roadblocks around the area and surrounding regions.

Be aware of these check points and the reason for them and, as always, if you see one please do not share the information through social networks. If you are stopped, stay calm, respond to the instructions of the officers, remember “nothing to hide, nothing to fear”, whilst all attempts are made to capture those who have absconded and return them to the justice system.

### Intensified Campaign on Secondary Roads

An intensified campaign is running this week and through the weekend focussing on one of the areas of the Spanish road network where more fatalities and serious injuries take place, conventional roads.



In 2015, there were 23,729 injury incidents on conventional roads, in which 971 people lost their lives, almost 3 people for every day of the year, a figure which saw 14 more people die than the year before. In addition to the deaths, 3,780 people were injured to such a degree that they required hospital attention.

As a result, the DGT looks at these roads with a watchful eye, hoping to educate drivers of the risks associated with these roads, and how driving attitude must change in order to reduce the number of incidents.

During the week-long campaign, which runs through to Sunday the 9th of October, officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by colleagues from the local and regional police, monitoring for the three most common contributing factors to road traffic incidents, which are inappropriate or excessive speed, use of alcohol and drugs, and distractions such as using a mobile phone. In addition, the officers will be monitoring for incorrect overtaking, driving too close, the wearing of seatbelts, child restraint systems and crash helmets, and that the driver´s and vehicle´s documentation are correct and valid.

In addition to an increase in roadside checks, the DGT´s helicopters will be in the air monitoring traffic, including those fitted with the Pegasus detection equipment, capable of monitoring speed, incorrect driving practices and the wearing of safety systems, all from a distance far beyond detection by the driver.

Of the 165,000 kilometres of major roads, some 149,500 kilometres are on sections classed as conventional. They pose a significant risk for a number of reasons including hills and bends, the necessity to invade the opposite on-coming lane in order to overtake, and junctions which pose a major risk when traffic joins or leaves the main carriageway.

Some of the most dangerous sections of roads have been identified by the DGT and carry additional warnings, many of the most dangerous sections are already focussed on by patrols, in addition to this intensified campaign.

The DGT have also lent radar-equipped vehicles to some local police forces to assist them in monitoring the road sections. These silver vehicles are branded with the “DGT” logo, carry blue warning lights and are fully equipped to monitor the road sections once the officers are trained, increasing the network of surveillance to wherever they might benefit.



Jaime Moreno, Deputy Director of Mobility Management with the DGT met the press to explain more about this campaign in Spanish.

### Prison Call for Drunk and Drugged Driver

The prosecutor is calling for an 18-month prison sentence for a driver caught doing 103 kilometres per hour in a section of road where the maximum permitted speed was 50 kilometres per hour.

Having been stopped for the offence of speeding, the driver also tested positive for having consumed alcohol and drugs.

The hearing is set for Thursday of this week following the incident in December, 2014, on the CV-1 (Los Campos-Trasona) road in Corvera. The vehicle was observed being driven at high speed and recklessly, hitting the crash barrier at one point.

As a result of that collision, the passenger in the vehicle suffered injuries and so the charge sheet includes a crime against road safety causing reckless injury, driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs, and speeding.

IN addition to the prison sentence, the prosecutor has also requested the disqualification from driving for a period of 4 years.

### Never Warn about Checkpoints

The Guardia Civil has taken to social networks to share a French police produced videos about the risks involved in warning other motorists about the presence of check-points.



The message of “nothing to hide, nothing to fear” has never been clearer than in recent times, with both an increased threat in criminal and other serious activities, protection of law-abiding citizens has perhaps never been as important.

Let´s remember, that if you do have nothing to hide, if you are stopped at a checkpoint, the worst that will happen will be a slight delay whilst your documents and details are checked. More likely you will simply be waved on and able to go about your business.

In the video however, a very different story unfolds. A driver is seen driving through the night when he spots a police patrol. Thinking he is doing a good deed, he takes to flashing his headlights in warning to oncoming vehicles, a practice which is by the way illegal.

As the story continues we see another more nervous driver heeding the warning, stopping his vehicle and turning around to drive in the opposite direction.

Unbeknown to the original driver, the police that he had spotted originally were involved in the search for a young girl who had been abducted. The driver he is later seen to warn is revealed to be the abductor, so close to approaching capture and the subsequent liberation of the girl, the warning meant that the kidnapper was able to evade capture, the result for the victim unknown, but without the warning of the driver the story would have ended so very differently, with a positive result.

¿Avisas de los controles policiales con luces o #apps?Igual viendo este vídeo hasta el final te lo replanteaspic.twitter.com/bqDSo2Pb7r— Guardia Civil (@guardiacivil) September 11, 2016

### 83,000 Convictions

The latest figures released by the Attorney General this month show that in 2015 there were a total of 83,283 convictions for road traffic offences in Spain, 34% of all sentences handed down by the courts.



Of the 83,000 plus convictions, 57,313 entailed the deprivation of driving rights, most of which were with the agreement of the offender. In addition 2,352 sentences resulted in the loss of validity of the driving licence, 50,000 were fines and 31,634 community service orders were issued.

During 2015, there were fewer breath tests carried out by the Guardia Civil traffic officers, with 5,741,000 tests last year, compared to 6,300,000 in 2014. There were a total of 80,388 disciplinary proceedings for alcohol related offences, compared to 94,638 in 2014.

The number of reported drug detection and controls increased exponentially, from nearly 9,500 administrative files opened in 2014, to 26,000 in 2015. There was also a “dramatic increase” in the number drug tests conducted in 2015, more than 76,000, compared to 29,463 in 2014.

Generally speaking, the prosecution notes that compared to 2014 there has been a general downward trend in the number of criminal proceedings initiated, indictments and convictions for crimes against road safety. The decrease has been attributed, among other circumstances, to “the effectiveness of the criminal response to this type of crime” as well as an increased awareness amongst drivers.

The Attorney General's Office also contends that the effective implementation of the law is “not the only prerequisite to reduce incidents”, thus the prosecution proposes the designation of a legal status of pedestrians and cyclists “for harmonious coexistence in the city” , improving the state of the roads, signage, lighting, reducing speed limits and vehicle status, and it clarifies that the aging fleet because of the economic crisis translates into “inequality before the safety of those who have no resources to pay for improvements”.

The report also stresses the need for road safety education is now more important than ever, the only safe strategy to reduce tragedies, almost all those which are preventable, occurring on public roads.

### 253 Summer Deaths

During the summer months of July and August, a total of 253 people lost their lives on the main inter-urban roads of Spain, 27 more deaths than in the same period last year, representing an increase of 12%, based on provisional data from the DGT.



The Valencia Region and the Balearic Islands are the two places which have seen the greatest increase in the number of fatalities, with Valencia seeing an increase of 12 deaths, and the Balearic Islands increasing by 8 deaths.

Across the rest of the country, Aragón and Asturias each saw an increase of 5, Castilla-La Mancha and Comunidad de Madrid both increased by 4, Galicia and Castilla y León had an increase of 3, the Región de Murcia increased by 2 deaths, and Extremadura and La Rioja both saw an increase of 1.

Most of the fatalities occurred on the secondary road network, representing 78% of total deaths. 2015 regarding the number of fatalities among users of bicycles, motorcycles, cars and trucks.

The average age of passenger cars in which fatalities were traveling is increasing, suggested as a contributing factor to an increase in road deaths, with the 2015 average age being 13.4 years, some 2 years older than the average age of 11.4 years calculated on the average throughout the year.

A total of 31% of the fatalities have occurred in sections of roads identified as being “black spots” and therefore given the status of INVIVE ((Intensificación de la Vigilancia de la Velocidad), where closer monitoring of speed and driver practise is implemented.

During the summer this year there has also been an increase in the number of tourists visiting Spain and the number of long-haul journeys across the country, with a 9.3% and 5% increase respectively.

The figures for the UK also show an increase in the number of incidents on the roads, with data from January to March showing a 13% increase, whereas in Germany the figure from January to July showed a decrease in the number of incidents by 9%.

### Looking for Car Hire?

It comes as no surprise to anybody who knows them or have used their services, but Al Andalus Car Hire has been going from strength to strength over the last few years, so much so they are about to celebrate their 4,000th booking.

For one lucky person, the one who is that 4,000th, you will get a week’s car hire for free in celebration, although with such competitively priced hire services, everybody is already a winner.

As a supporter of the N332 project from day 1, we know all too well of owner David Baxter´s commitment. Whenever we are involved in one of our charity campaigns, it is guaranteed that David pulls out all the stops to make sure he is there supporting us in any way that he and his team can.

David started Al Andalus Car Hire in 2010 with the intention of providing a service to a number of urbanisations in the local area. However very early on one client gave such a great review on www.eyeonspain.com, the result was a rapid expansion of the business.

They are based in Vera, Almeria, but operate from all of the popular airports across Almeria, Murcia and Alicante, as well as their local area.

At Alicante-Elche and Murcia-San Javier airports they work with Seguro Parking who meet the clients just outside the terminal building with their car, so there is no running around and queuing for hours on end just to find out where to pick up a car.

All the paperwork is done before the clients arrive, so that too means less time at the airport when you get off the plane and typically you will be on your way to your holiday within 10 minutes of collecting your luggage.

All vehicles set off with a full fuel tank, they ask that you return it full too, so there is no excessive premiums to pay for filling the car and the hire includes one main and one additional driver, so you can share the holiday drive experience.

Plus, they don´t take large deposits on credit cards like some other companies and are happy to accept standalone excess waiver policies.

As for the vehicles, the fleet is made up of quality, reliable vehicles, such as Seat Ibizas, Skoda Fabias and Dacia Sanderos, but they also have Ford Focus size cars and the 7-seater Opel Zafiras.

Make sure you take a look at their website for more information but when you do keep one thing in mind. Although they will never beat the headline prices offered by the large car hire companies, the difference is that the price they quote is the price you pay, there are no hidden extras or supplements. Make the comparison with that in mind and the final price offered by other companies and you will soon see where to find value for your money, Al Andalus Car Hire.

The entire team are very friendly and approachable, and their level of service is impeccable with all emails usually answered the same day, but always within 24 hours, and everyone is personal, not a computer generated automatic reply.

By the way, they can also provide baby, child and booster seats at a small additional cost. They can also accommodate collection and delivery at different airports subject to a one way drop off fee, and of course availability.

You don´t have to take our word for it though, have a read of some of the genuine comments they have had from their clients so far.

Just a quick message to say thank you for arranging the car hire for us.  The car was fab and we met Dave in Vera Playa on Monday to settle up with him.  Everything really good and the guys were there at Murcia to return the car. Thanks very much – take care and we will certainly use you again when next in Spain. (Julie S)

Just wanted to say what a joy the car hire was. It was true how quick and easy picking up the car was with no queuing, not having to get all documents out and most of all getting out of the airport and on our way to the apartment also, no hidden extras!!!!  We would DEFINENTLY use your service again. (Dorothy R)

I just wanted to say what excellent service we received from your company when hiring the hire car in Alicante recently. The pick up and drop off couldn't have been easier or smoother and was such a treat! The car was great, and dealing with you has been a pleasure. We will certainly be contacting you again for next year and I wouldn't hesitate to recommend you. (Debbie O)

Just a quick message to say thank you very much for the car hire & information. The collection & drop off of the car was excellent, also meet Dave who was very helpful If we return to that area we will certainly use you again (Philip C)

I would just like to say how delighted we were with the car hire arrangements. It was wonderful to be able to drive away within minutes of landing and with no paperwork to complete. The return was even easier with Seguro Parking waving us down as we arrived at the airport. We will certainly be using you again on our next visit! Well done for a super service! (Allan S)

### New Radars on Motorbikes – NO! The Myths Busted

Recently, we mentioned about new radar speed detectors that can be carried on motorbikes, part of a new range of equipment purchased by the Spanish government to improve road safety. Since then, the internet has gone wild with stories about these radars with some old myths resurfacing and a lot of speculation becoming accepted as fact.



In issue 2 of N332 RoadWatch magazine we decided to clear up some of the confusion caused by these speculative articles by giving you the facts about roadside radars and speed detectors.

First of all, when we said “The DGT has spent a million euro on new mobile cameras which can be carried by traffic police on their motorcycles”, that sentence is entirely accurate. These cameras and radar detectors are not installed on the motorbikes, they are carried on them, in the panniers, allowing the officers to set up temporary detection zones in the most in just about any location. There are some places in Australia and Poland for example where radars are fitted to the motorbikes, but in Spain, the Guardia Civil do not have such a feature.

The question is how does this speculation come about? Well, this time, it has been caused by two very different source images. Firstly, as we also explained last month, the Guardia Civil officers have taken to the roads on new motorbikes. The front of these motorbikes are very different to the previous ones and there are pieces of equipment which are now more visible. We showed you one of these on the cover of this issue of N332 Roadwatch, a cylindrical protrusion. This, some people believe, is a radar camera. It is not, it is a light. In fact there are two of them and they are the lights which flash red to advise a vehicle in front to stop.



It is true that they look a little bit like a camera though, in fact they look a lot like some other images which have also been printed in some newspapers of a camera on a Guardia Civil motorbike. These images are very real, although they are now quite old. They are cameras but they have no means of detecting, monitoring or reporting speed. In fact, they were part of a pilot scheme to test what we know as ANPR, Automatic Number Plate Recognition, designed to monitor vehicles looking for those without tax or insurance for example. Some 300 bikes were fitted with the equipment, they were part of a test some years ago, and are not in service right now.

Whilst we are on the subject, another image has started doing the rounds again, that of a radar detector hidden in a roof box of a car. The first thing to point out is that the Guardia Civil do not use any kind of underhand, obscure detection equipment. They use unmarked vehicles, although there is a discussion taking place at the moment with a view to potentially stopping this practice and only using marked vehicles, but they always attempt to make road users aware of their presence by using signs warning they are there. In fact it is not the aim of the Guardia Civil to catch motorists speeding, it is their aim to slow traffic down to an acceptable and legal rate.



 

Secondly, the geodata in the image reveals that the car with the hidden equipment in the roof box is parked on the forecourt of Opel Crissier - Milliet SA, Chemin de l'Esparcette 6, 1023 Crissier, Suisse. That´s Switzerland to you and me.

So now we have cleared up the confusion, perhaps we can explain some of the actual equipment being used on the roads right now in Spain, which includes monitoring devices for speed, but also for drivers who skip trough red lights, and, more recently, such bad practices as using a mobile phone and the use of seatbelts, like Traffic Eye we looked at last month.

Here are the five types of monitoring devices currently in use.

 	Fixed Cameras: These devices are nicknamed “speed traps without operators” as they are located along the road network, usually at the side of the road, or sometimes on poles or across the carriageway, and monitor vehicles as they pass, recording those who exceed the maximum permitted limit. The newer versions of these cameras can also look for seatbelt use and for drivers using a mobile phone.
 	Mobile Radars: These operate with an operator, or usually a small team, and are often in unmarked Guardia Civil vehicles, as well as those in marked cars belonging to traffic law enforcement groups, including the DGT themselves. Depending on the type of equipment, the recording vehicle can either be static or moving. The newer models are small enough to be carried on a motorbike and so two officers can set up independent monitoring locations along the same stretch.
 	Fixed-Section Radars: These devices operate over a fixed distance of road and monitor the average speed between two points on that section. These devices are often considered to give a more realistic impression of recorded speed as the driver doesn´t usually react instantly when they see one, and so the average reading is a more likely speed recorded.
The camera at point “A” records the number plate as the vehicle passes, including the date and time. Using Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) technology, the car is then recorded as it passes point “B”, and the time it has taken to cover that distance recorded. If the journey has registered an average speed above the permitted limit then the details are sent to a central processing point where the fine is automatically processed and sent to the driver.
 	Red-Light Cameras: This type of equipment does not measure the speed of a vehicle but takes a photograph if the vehicle has failed to stop at a red light.
 	Pegasus Equipped Helicopters: Pegasus is the name of a recording device fitted to most of the DGT´s traffic helicopters. Distinctive by their yellow and light blue colouring, these “eyes in the sky” can catch offending motorists from a kilometre away and at a height of 300 metres, recording the average speed and vehicle characteristics, as well as monitoring for other traffic violations.
Once the infraction is recorded the data is sent immediately to a central processing point, the Centro de Tratamiento de Denuncias Automatizadas, or ESTRADA, where a fine is automatically issued. In the event of a serious offence, the helicopter crew will summon ground crews to intercept the vehicle.

There is also another monitoring device which is sometimes confusing to motorists, as these metal boxes live alongside the road network but have no visible means of taking a picture. They are identifiable by a square marking in the lane nearby, which is a monitoring sensor, sending information to the roadside box. These devices are used to monitor traffic flow statistics and are not used in enforcement, which is why they have no means of recording individual vehicle details. They are able to record the vehicle type and the number of vehicles using an area, providing essential data to road planners.

 

In total, across Spain, there are currently 800 fixed cameras, 16 Fixed-Section Radars and 6 helicopters equipped with Pegasus, as well as countless patrols from both the Guardia Civil and the police.

If you´re wondering where the most likely location to be snapped for speeding is it is on the A4 in the province of Jaén, where a Fixed-Section Radar controls the road between kilometre posts 242 and 245.

This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...
...

### Maintaining a Proper Position in the Vehicle

Maintaining a proper position in the vehicle is not only important for our comfort, it is crucial for our safety.



When used correctly, the vehicle´s seats and features offer the maximum protection in the event of a collision. If we do anything to change the characteristics of these features, we risk our safety tremendously.

The trouble is, it is easy to forget about the safety features when we are weighed down by the summer, but putting our feet on the dashboard, or the seat for that matter, arms waving out the windows, not wearing our seatbelt correctly are all an absolute NO.

Arms and legs should be kept inside the protective shell of the vehicle. Sticking your head, arms or legs out of the window is not a very good idea.

There are countless documented cases of motorists suffering serious injury when “clipped” by a passing car, as well as the more gruesome stories of the loss of limbs in the event of a crash. Having an arm out of the window also poses a risk to other road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists. Being able to put your head out of the window implies that the seatbelt is not worn correctly. If your body parts are not within the safety cage of the vehicle, then you are at risk and are risking others.

Arms extended from the vehicle may also confuse other road users who might think that you are giving hand signals, thus posing a risk that those drivers may incorrectly react to what they think you are gesturing. Visibility may also be obscured as a result, blocking the vehicle´s mirrors and making it difficult to observe the vehicle surroundings correctly.

Even within the vehicle there is a serious risk of injury if you are not sitting correctly. An all too common sight in the summer months in particular is a car passenger with their feet up on the dashboard, a practice that is not only illegal, but is extremely dangerous.

In the event of a crash, if a passenger is travelling with their feet up on the dashboard, the injuries that may occur will be very serious, partly as the deployment of the airbag can cause more serious injuries than it prevents in this situation, and, irrespective of an airbag being present, the glass from the windscreen can cause serious injury, not to mention the effects of a passenger being crushed by the impact between the dashboard and the seat.

In addition to the increase in occurrences of this sort of behaviour, there is also an increase in the number of fines issues as the traffic police try to not only advise drivers of the problem, they try and enforce remembrance through the issuing of fines. Incidentally, in the event of a passenger putting their feet on the dashboard, it is the driver who is ultimately responsible for the safety of the vehicle and, as such, it is the driver who will be fined.

Article 18, Section 1 of Royal Decree 1428/2003 of 21 November, approving the Rules of the road, states that “The driver of a vehicle must maintain their own freedom of movement, the required field of vision and permanent attention to driving, to ensure their own safety, that of other vehicle occupants and other road users. To achieve this, you must take special care to maintain the proper position and that of the passengers, and the proper placement of objects or animals transported so that there can be no interference between the driver and any of them“.

Keeping both hands on the steering wheel, not leaning with an elbow on the window, keeping your arms inside the vehicle may have been the repetitive messages our driving instructor taught us when we first took lessons, but the advice is still very much key to a safe driving experience.

Offence: Failing to maintain the proper position in the vehicle.

This can refer to passengers with their feet on the dashboard, drivers with their arms out the window, or any other situation where proper posture is not maintained.

Fine: 80 euro.

Reason: There are many reasons why this rule is important. For example, in the event of impact, the injuries sustained by a person with their feet on the dashboard are nothing less than horrific. The same goes for instances where limbs have been lost or severely injured on account of them protruding from the vehicle. Plus, the seats in a vehicle are designed to give maximum protection, and comfort, and not being correctly positions poses a risk, and can hinder visibility by the driver.

The correct wearing of the seat belt is also crucial. Not wearing it over your shoulder and across the torso is the same as not wearing it at all. That is why the fine for wearing a seat belt incorrectly is 200€, the same as if you weren´t wearing it at all.

Seatbelts are designed for one purpose only, to save lives. Statistics show that by wearing a seatbelt the probability of death when involved in a collision is halved, whereas according to the data from the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) and the Instituto Universitario de Tráfico y Seguridad Vial (INTRAS), the risk of death is cut by a staggering 77% in an overturned vehicle.

However, in order for the seatbelt to be effective, it must be worn correctly, in order for it to fulfil the function it is designed for fully.

The correct way to wear the seatbelt is for it to go across the torso diagonally, and across the waist, firmly secured in these positions. The top part must be on the hard part of the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and the neck. The lower end sits against the hardness of the pelvis.

The three-point seatbelt, which is fitted as standard to most modern vehicles, has an upper (thoracic) and a lower band (pelvic). Both must be snugly fitting against the body. For the seatbelt to offer maximum protection it must be on the hard parts of the body, leaning against the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and neck at the top, and the iliac crest of the pelvis, never on the abdomen.

Accessories such as cushions or other additions should not be used. Once you have pulled the seatbelt across your body and secured the strap in the locked position, make sure that the seatbelt is not twisted at any point. If it is, undo the seatbelt and remove the twists. Once secure, pull the seatbelt so that it fits snugly against the body, with any slack being taken back at the top.

If the seatbelt is not worn correctly, it can cause further problems in the event of a collision. For example, if the upper band is taken off the shoulder, it can cause a head impact with the windscreen, dashboard or seat in front. It can also produce cervical lesions.

If the belt is not firm around the body it can cause the vehicle to slide under the belt, casing lower body and spinal injuries. This is often referred to as the “submarine effect”. To prevent “submarining”, the vehicle occupants must also sit in a proper position when riding in the vehicle, with the seatbelt securely fastened as mentioned, and without having any additions such as pillows or cushions which may contribute to the reduction of effectiveness of the seatbelt.

It is also important to remember the one seatbelt – one seat rule. All vehicle occupants are obliges to wear a seatbelt, both in the front and the back seats. Some vehicles only have two seatbelts in the back for example, and so that vehicle can only carry two passengers on that seat.

There are other rules regarding children in cars. Primarily, children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats and they most use an appropriate restraining system for their height and weight.

This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...
...

### Where there´s a Waze!

Getting stuck in traffic is always frustrating, even for the calmest of drivers. But what if there was a way of knowing about traffic queues in advance, perhaps live from the queue, as fellow motorists share the information with you, thus allowing you to plan a new route and avoid any congestion.



Well, that fantasy is actually a reality, thanks to Waze, a crowd-sourced information exchange application that allows motorists to share live traffic information.

According to their own promotional material, “Waze is all about contributing to the 'common good' out there on the road”.

By connecting drivers to one another, they help people create local driving communities that work together to improve the quality of everyone's daily driving. That might mean helping them avoid the frustration of sitting in traffic, cluing them in to a police trap or shaving five minutes off of their regular commute by showing them new routes they never even knew about.

So, how does it work?

After typing in your destination address, users just drive with the app open on their phone to passively contribute traffic and other road data, but they can also take a more active role by sharing road reports on accidents or any other hazards along the way, helping to give other users in the area a 'heads-up' about what's to come.

In addition to the local communities of drivers using the app, Waze is also home to an active community of online map editors who ensure that the data in their areas is as up-to-date as possible.

You can download the app to your mobile device, just search for Waze in the app or play store. Remember though, when you are driving, you must not touch your device. Get your passenger to report problems, but at least you will be aware of what´s to come and have a totally free intelligent guidance system to help you to your destination safely and promptly.

This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...
...

### Project EDWARD

Along with many road safety and traffic police associations around Europe, N332 is firmly behind the Project EDWARD campaign launched by the European Traffic Police Network, TISPOL.


Project EDWARD promo-HD from TISPOL Organisation on Vimeo.

EDWARD stand for European Day Without A Road Death, and will take place on the 21st of September. You can visit the TISPOL website, www.tispol.org/edward, and make you pledge to support the campaign.

As the website explains, Project EDWARD page is about supporting and pledging to reduce risk and improve safety on your road journeys, not just on 21 September but every day!

Buy Now

TISPOL has spent time reflecting on recent results which paint a very mixed picture of progress in reducing deaths and serious injuries on Europe’s roads. For the first few years of this decade, countries across the EU have been highly successful in pursuing the 2020 50% reduction target. But the arrival of a second successive year of disappointing news shows that this downward trend has stagnated.

We need to speed up our efforts, and one initiative we believe can make a big impact is our new European Day Without A Road Death – Project EDWARD for short.  EDWARD will encourage all road users to reflect on their behaviour and attitude.

After all, driver behaviour remains the most important barrier to progress as we approach 2020 and its reduction targets.

Drivers are unwittingly or sometimes knowingly putting other road users in so many ways, perhaps by speeding, drink-driving, not wearing a seat belt, using the phone while driving, using vehicles they have not kept roadworthy, parking their cars on bicycle lanes, blocking pedestrian crossings, not turning on their lights or engaging in risky manoeuvres.

But it’s not just drivers who are at fault. Many cyclists and pedestrians increase their risk levels by choosing to ignore the rules or look for risky short cuts.  In the days leading up to the Project EDWARD day, we want all road users to think – even for a few short minutes – about the risks they face, the risks they may pose to others and how they can go about reducing those risks.

TISPOL’s target is that no one should die on the roads of Europe on Wednesday 21 September. And as we pause to reflect on how we use the roads, we believe that Project EDWARD can make a significant contribution towards further sizeable and sustained reductions in road death and serious injury.

So whether you represent a national government, a private organisation, a public agency, a charity, a school, college or university, or whether you simply care as an individual, please join us and make the pledge to support Project EDWARD, and do your bit to reduce risk and improve safety for the people who use our roads.

Project EDWARD is supported by all 30 TISPOL member countries, and a growing number of road safety organisations have pledged to work with TISPOL to promote the messages of EDWARD as far and wide as possible.   We hope that, with support from colleagues and partners across Europe, Project EDWARD will be a high-profile way of reminding everyone that there is a great deal of hard work going on across Europe towards 2020 casualty reduction goals – and beyond that, too.

We want everyone to feel part of this and to know that small actions lead to big improvements.

Buy Now

### N332 RoadWatch - Issue 3

The latest issue of N332 RoadWatch, featuring a focus on the secrets of the Guardia Civil motorbike´s kit, driving in rain, battery checks, PAS, Project EDWARD and a look at the history of the Guardia Civil.
For the latest news and articles about driving in Spain, visit https://n332.es, and for the rest of Europe, http://www.roadwatch.eu

You can browse through the pages below, or you can purchase a PDF of the eMagazine to download to your computer or tablet.

Here is the link to purchase, or continue below to browse.

Buy Now

Here is the online version of the eMagazine.



...

Here are the previous editions...



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### Torrevieja N-332 Widening Scheme a Step Closer

The Mayor of Torrevieja, José Manuel Dolón of the Los Verdes green party, has this week received a response from the Ministry of Public Works regarding the long awaited proposal to widen the deadly N-332 main road as it passes Torrevieja.

The positive response states that the approval process for the construction project will begin “soon”, and the preparation for the tender process is being done “with all possible speed, because we know the importance of the project to this city”.

Whilst explaining the content of the letter to the press, Dolón said that he will closely monitor the process “working every day of the year in this case, to avoid suffering further delays”, as has been the state so far.

There is still some controversy surrounding the project however as it lacks both an adequate environmental impact study and sufficient strategies to deal with rain, storms and flooding, a problem which the area is tormented by at certain times of year. Lack of effective planning and issuing building licences has been blamed on much of the flooding problem, as no contingencies we in place to deal with the water flow during the massive growth of the town during the property boom.

### Making Wild Animals Safer

N332 were contacted by a Guardia Civil officer from Murcia who wanted us to share information about a device which he not only thinks is a great invention, but it is also a potential life saver.



In his own time, the officer is a motorcyclist for both everyday transportation and also pleasure. One of the biggest hazards whilst riding through the country roads of Murcia s the appearance of wild animals. Incidentally, Murcia is one of the regions of Spain where wildlife is particularly protected and there are road signs throughout much of the region advising drivers to slow down and be alert.



However, although the drivers may well heed the signs, the animals are often still complacent and wander into the road without warning.

That is where devices such as Deer Alert come in. They are small audible devices, which humans can´t hear by the way, which create a noise which increases with volume as the vehicle approaches the animals. The wildlife become aware of the approaching danger well in advance and react appropriately, usually by leaving the area.

They are humane devices and cause no harm to the animals, they simply provide an audible warning. Although Deer Alert is one of the biggest brands, it is not only dears that are protected, other animals hear the warning too.

Of course the installation of the device should not mean that the driver or rider can become complacent through a false sense of immortality, but they do help in reducing the possible impact with animals and anything which reduces risk can only be a good thing.

We have chosen some of our favourites and listed them below for you to look at, alternatively check out your local supplier and you can do your bit to not only reduce risk to yourself, but also the delicate environment and ecosystem.


 Amazon.co.uk Widgets



This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...
...

### Wear Your Seatbelt!

Once again, all this week, officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by their colleagues in the police, will be out in force to ensure the correct use and operation of seatbelts and child restraint systems in vehicles. This special operation will run from Monday through next weekend.



In 2014 (the last year of consolidated data), the number of unbelted deaths accounted for 24% of the total, with some 194 of the 822 people in cars and vans who lost their lives, not wearing a seatbelt, despite knowing the importance of doing so.

In addition to the officers on patrol during the campaign, the DGT are operating three roadside cameras which will be under test during the week, prior to a mass roll-out across the road network by 2017. The cameras are in place on the A-1, A-2 and A-3, in Madrid, but throughout this year, 270 cameras will be in use across the country able to monitor seatbelts use.

The images captured by the cameras are electronically sent to a control centre which then processes the images and sends a sanction to the vehicle owner who then faces a 200 euro fine and the loss of 3 points.



It is the aim of the DGT to reduce this figure to zero by making the use of seatbelts and child restraint systems 100% for all vehicle occupants.

The focus of the campaign will not only be those who should know better about looking out for their own safety, but also those who should be looking out for those more vulnerable, namely adults who carry children in the vehicles.

In 2014, 2 out of the 14 children under 12 years who died traveling in cars or vans were not wearing any safety device at the time of the incident. In addition, 9 out of 82 seriously injured, and 107 of those who suffered minor injuries were not correctly restrained. From that data, 118 children suffered unnecessary injury or death as a result of the supposedly responsible adults not showing due care.

On account of the seriousness that the DGT takes such actions, the law was recently approved whereas traffic officers can immobilise a vehicle if a child is found to be travelling without the correct restraint system in use.

It is also important to remember that since October, children under 135 centimetres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats of vehicles and must be properly restrained by a device appropriate to their height and weight.

The proper wearing of seatbelts and restraint systems is also vital to their correct use. All occupants in a vehicle must wear a seatbelt, whether they are in the front or the back, although some people incorrectly believe that wearing a seatbelt in the back is not necessary, it is, and it is also mandatory. If a person in a rear seat is not wearing a seatbelt they are 8 times more likely to kill the person in a seat in front of them.

Wearing a seatbelt is statistically proven to half the risk of death if involved in a collision as it also helps to distribute the force of the impact across the body and not directly at more vulnerable parts of the body. A seatbelt prevents the occupant being ejected from a vehicle, saving them from more serious injury.

### Microcar Driver Faced Jail over Licence Misunderstanding

Our colleagues from the N332 Facebook page, serving officers form the Guardia Civil, received a question recently which they would like us to expand on.

Several years ago I suffered from heart failure and my driving licence (UK) was withdrawn. I have since made a full recovery and now I am living in Spain permanently. I know there are small cars which can be driven without a licence.

What are the requirements for being allowed to drive these cars? Do I need a medical examination/certificate? Do I need to take any form of Spanish driving test? (I held a full UK licence from Feb 1967 to 2000 and I am 75 years old).



----------------------------

Francisco Morales from the Guardia Civil Trafico in Torrevieja explained that the question revolved around so-called “Microcars”. In Spain we say that you can drive these vehicles without a licence because you don´t need to have a Category B licence, which is for cars. However, to say you don´t need any licence is not true, because you must have a Category AM licence, which is the category you need to be qualified in to ride a moped. Because this type of vehicle uses a very small engine, they are classed as mopeds and can even be driven for teenagers, so long as they have the Category AM licence. It is important to note however that these vehicles must be driven on the hard shoulder where there is one, or as far to the right as possible where a hard shoulder doesn´t exist, and they are not permitted on motorways.

You must also ensure that the vehicle itself is registered and insured. It must have a logbook, ITV (if applicable) and all other requirements for driving on the road as if it were a car.

Obtaining a Category AM licence is relatively easy, all you have to do is contact your nearest driving school and they will give you all the information you need, including the requirements for a medical report. You may also have to provide details as to why your previous licence expired.

As a reminder though, in answer to the point about not needing a licence, you should now see that you do in fact need one. If you drive any vehicle without a licence, you are breaking the law. Similarly, if you don´t have your licence with you when you are driving it can only be assumed that you are driving without a licence until it can be proven otherwise. The reason this is important to highlight is that driving without a licence is covered by the penal code, it is a criminal offence, and as such you will be arrested until you can prove that you are in fact qualified to drive. So, it is a good thing the question was asked, because if you did drive a microcar without a licence, you could well have ended up behind bars.

This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...
...

### Child Seats and Children in Cars

Recent changes to the laws in Spain state that children measuring 135 cm in height or less must ride in the rear seats of a vehicle, irrespective of their age, and must sit in the correct and approved seat appropriate to their size and weight.

The Child Restraint Systems provide the best protection for a child when on board a vehicle. That is why the law dictates their use, in an attempt to enforce the maximum protection for children.



The use of child restraint systems reduces injuries by up to 75% in the event of a collision. According to data from the DGT, road traffic incidents are the leading cause of death amongst children under 14 years of age, and, tragically, 40% of those children who lose their lives wore no protection system, and, according to the statistics, could well be alive today.

The law also requires seats to be of an approved standard. Those which meet the minimum required standards carry an orange label, usually located at the rear, which guarantees that the seat has undergone a series of tests to prove safety and reliability.

The approval system is based on a European standard and EU regulation ECE-R44.03, which also ensures certain information is listed on the label.



Classification of Child Restraint Seats

There are a number of classifications for car seats which are based on the physical characteristics of the child, the most important being weight and age.

Group 0

This category includes the baby from birth through 1 year. It can be used for children up to 10 kilos of weight. There are two elements that are typically used either a bassinet with harnesses to locate in the rear seats and which engages the seat belt or a child safety seat slightly tilted that may be placed in the front seat in the opposite direction of travel, or at the rear, in which case it is preferable to place it in the centre so as to minimize possible damage in the event of a side collision. If placed in the front, we must ensure that the airbag device for the passenger seat is disconnected. It is safest to place it in the back seat in the opposite direction of travel.

Group 0+

It is a new category that extends the weight up to 13 kg and for children up to 18 months. It is a chair that normally sits on the back seats and in the opposite direction of travel so as to better protect against any collision. Placing the chair in this way further protects the neck and spine.

Group I

Children weighing between 9 and 18 kilos, and approximately 1 to 4 years. The chairs are hooked in the seat belt of the vehicle. They are always located facing the direction of travel, using the fitted vehicle seat belt or an extension on the chair itself. The latter incorporate a harness of 4 or 5 points of anchorage.

Group II

For children 3 to 6 years, which with a weight between 15 and 25 kilos. It consists of or booster cushion with backrest provided with lateral protection for the head and is fitted at the rear in the direction of travel and, if possible, in the centre. You should include lateral guides to position the belt tight at the hips, avoiding injuries in the abdominal cavity or column.

Group III

For children between 5 and 12 years, weighing between 22 and 36 kilos. It is a booster cushion, possibly backed with side and head protection and height adjustment, so as to allow it to be vehicle seat belt to fit firmly over the child's collarbone.



Tips for buying a seat

Before purchasing a child seat, check your vehicle manual for instructions on how to secure the seat and to ensure it is compatible.

Take your vehicle to the location where you are purchasing the chair and ask them to demonstration assembly. Do it yourself in the presence of the seller.

Take your child and try the chair in order to verify that the child can sit comfortably and safely.

This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...
...

### Baby Killed in Head-on Crash

A 14-month baby was killed this week when the car he was travelling in was hit by another vehicle reportedly travelling in the wrong direction in the Cantoria area of Almería.



The emergency services received an alert of a three-vehicle collision at around 22:05 on Tuesday night on the A-334.

Upon arriving at the scene the emergency services could do nothing to save the lives of the two victims, but attended the baby´s parents and a 5-year old child, transferring them to hospital. The driver of the third vehicle wasn´t physically injured.

According to fire fighters, the collision occurred when the vehicle in which the baby was travelling with his family was carrying out an overtaking manoeuvre and collided with a car travelling in the opposite direction on the wrong side of the road, according to witnesses.

That vehicle was driven by a 27-year old male who was also not wearing a seatbelt at the time of the collision. He was killed in the impact.

### 100,000 more Eco Stickers Distributed

Over the last month or so, 100,000 vehicle owners across Spain will receive a letter from the DGT which details their vehicle´s eco-friendly characteristics, and provides a sticker to display in the vehicle which denotes the eco classification.

Many owners have already received theirs, especially in the Madrid and Barcelona areas, where 41,000 cars and light vans have already qualified.

Within the 100,000 vehicles listed in an ECO category are passenger cars, light vans, vehicles with over 8 seats and plug-in hybrid vehicles with range of less than 40 km, not pluggable hybrid vehicles, powered by natural gas, natural gas-powered vehicles or liquefied petroleum gas vehicles.

Placing the sticker on the vehicle is voluntary, but it is advisable as it then highlights the environmentally friendly rating of the vehicle, which will also add value if the vehicle becomes for sale. The DGT is advising that the sticker be placed in the lower right corner of the front windshield, where the ITV sticker will be at the top, or, failing that, at any visible location in the vehicle.

This latest batch of stickers is the second to be issued, since the DGT launched the campaign in April of 2015, sending the distinctive Zero Emission category sticker to more than 10,000 vehicle owners.

What is the environmental badge?

This categorization originates in the National Plan of air Quality and Protection of the Atmosphere 2013-2016 (Plan Aire) which stated that both particles and nitrogen dioxide are the main source of emissions from road traffic in large cities and proposes the classification of vehicles based on the levels of pollution they emit.

This measure aims to positively discriminate towards more environmentally respectful vehicles and be an effective tool in municipal policies, both in restricting traffic which causes high pollution, and through the promotion of new technologies through tax or relative benefits to the mobility and the environment.

The vehicle classification is entered in the national vehicle register of the DGT and the same can be accessed in real-time by those bodies dealing with mobility, traffic, security or tax on the environment.

The criteria for classifying the vehicle fleet are as a result of long and deliberate work led by the DGT which involved, amongst others, the Madrid City Council, the City of Barcelona, the Royal Automobile Club of Catalonia (RACC) the National Association of Automobile and Truck Manufacturers (ANFAC), the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment and the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism.



 

The Classifications

There are four classifications in the national vehicle register of the DGT based on environmental concerns.

ZERO EMISSIONS

Mopeds, tricycles, quadricycles and motorcycles; cars; light vans, vehicles over 8 seats and vehicles transporting goods classified in the Register of Vehicles of the DGT as battery electric vehicles (BEV), electric vehicles with extended range (REEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) with a minimum range of 40 kilometres or fuel cell vehicles.



ECO

Cars, light vans, vehicles over 8 seats and vehicles transporting goods classified in the Register of Vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles with less than 40km autonomy, none plug -in hybrid vehicles (HEV) powered by natural gas, vehicles powered by natural gas (CNG and LNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). In any case, they must meet the criteria of the label C.



C

Petrol fuelled passenger cars and light vans registered from January 2006 and diesel vehicles from 2014. Those with more than 8 seats and freight, both petrol and diesel, registered from 2014. Diesel vehicles must meet the Euro 4,5 and 6 standard.



B

Petrol passenger cars and light vans registered from January 2000 and diesel vehicles registered from January 2006. Vehicles with more than 8 seats and freight both petrol and diesel registered from 2005. Diesel vehicles must meet Euro 3 and Euro Diesel 4 and 5 standards.



 

Categorising the entire fleet

With this second batch of stickers, the DGT is well on its way to reaching its aim of classifying and labelling the 32 million vehicles on the roads of Spain.

The next wave of the campaign will commence shortly and will then allow each local authority with jurisdiction in matters relating to taxation, mobility and the environment to decide what incentives they can offer to less polluting vehicles in their area of competence.

This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...
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### Cyclists – Know the Law

It is probably safe to say that all road users have witnessed a bicycle rider going through a red light or riding on the pavement, a practice that many find frustrating, but always one that raises the same question, are cyclists allowed to do such things?



The simple answer is NO.

In terms of law, once a bicycle is being ridden it is classed as a vehicle and therefore covered by the same rules and laws as a car, a truck, a bus, in fact any other vehicle on the road. It is only when the rider dismounts and walks with the bicycle is it considered otherwise. In this instance, the situation means that the person has become a pedestrian. That is the same reason why cyclists cannot ride across zebra crossings, because we wouldn´t expect a truck to do that, and the rider must dismount before they do.

Listening to music using headphones or using a mobile phone when riding a bike are prohibited in the same way as they are for other vehicles. Consuming more than the prescribed limit of alcohol or using drugs is also not allowed, as a cyclist you are governed by the rules of the road. Just so you know what you are risking, let´s have a look at some of the most common infractions.

Not having a bell on your bicycle – 80€

Faulty or no brakes – 80€

Carrying an extra person on the bicycle – 80€

Failing to stop at a traffic light – 200€

Failing to give way at a junction – 200€

Not having lights – 200€

Having too many lights – 200€

Failing to wear high visibility clothing between sunset and sunrise and in poor visibility – 200€

Riding under the influence of alcohol – 500€

There are many other laws and infractions commonly committed by cyclists, as well as other road users of course. We will look at these in more detail in future editions, but for now, take note, you can indeed be fined on your bike and remember that one golden rule, when you are riding your bike, it is a vehicle and governed by the same rules and laws as every other vehicle.

This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...
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### Can I Drive Through an Orange Light?

The rules regarding traffic lights are covered by the Reglamento General de Circulación, or the general driving laws. In particular, Article 146.



In Article 146 it details how a steady red light means stop and prohibits vehicles from passing it, and, where it exists, the accompanying white stop line. Similarly, where the red light is displayed beyond a junction, the vehicle must not cross or block that junction when a red light is displayed, stopping at the stop line where it exists.

However, the question here relates to an orange light, but we have to be clear of the red light rules before we can explain this. Where a static (non-flashing) orange light is displayed at traffic lights, the same rules apply as if it were red. You must stop. The only exception being if you are unable to stop your vehicle safely in the time you are approaching, although this can be lessened by anticipating the light change sequence.

On the other hand, if that orange light is flashing, it means that drivers may proceed, with extreme caution and, if necessary, giving way to other road users who have priority. The flashing orange light does not replace any other light, and so a stop indication will always take priority.

This sort of light is common at junctions where vehicle wishing to proceed forward are stopped by a red light, whereas vehicles turning right, for example, may be permitted to proceed with caution and giving way as necessary, such as to vehicles on the main road or pedestrians.

Remember, static red or orange means stop. Flashing orange means give way but you must proceed with extreme caution.

This article first appeared in issue 2 of the N332 RoadWatch magazine...

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### Over 31,000 Speeders Reported in a Week

Following on from reports that road safety figures have worsened, in the latest campaign to reduce incidents on the roads, more than 31,000 drivers were reported for speeding in a week.

During the week-long campaign that ran from the 22nd to the 28th of August, traffic officers monitored over half  million vehicles, 502,473 to be precise, of which 31,104 offenders were reported, 65% of whom were on conventional roads, where the majority of injury incidents occur incidentally, and 35% were on high capacity roads such as motorways.

Out of those who were caught speeding, 7 were brought to court for exceeding the maximum permitted speed limit by more than 80 kilometres per hour above that maximum, thus committing a criminal offence.



The laws and limits are in place to protect all road users, including those more vulnerable. It is not always obvious to some drivers why the maximum permitted speed might reduce on some carriageways, but there is always a reason, and that reason is always to afford more protection.

Violation of these rules is classed as a very serious or serious offence, punishable by fines of between 100 and 600 euro.

Moreover, Article 379 of the Penal Code stipulates that if a vehicle exceeds the maximum permitted limit by more than 60 kilometres per hour on conventional roads, or 80 kilometres per hour on motorways, the offender shall be punished by imprisonment of between three to six months or a fine of six to twelve months or work for the benefit of the community of thirty one to ninety days, and in any case, the deprivation of the right to drive motor vehicles and motorcycles for between one and four years.

### Read N332 RoadWatch Issue 02 - August 2016 for FREE

Whilst we are putting together the finishing touches to the next edition of N332 Roadwatch (due out in about a week or so) you can now read issue 2 for free right here.

Those who already paid to download the eMagazine will no doubt be pleased to know that the profits from your contribution have been collected and, in conjunction with a generous donation from The Courier newspaper, 20 tickets for a visit the animal park in Benidorm are being given to a local charity so that a group of people who might never get to experience such a fascinating and informative day out can enjoy a trip to the park.



You can still download your own copy in PDF form if you wish (price for the August edition now reduced to just 1€ as a back issue), or read it right here on your computer, tablet or phone.



Buy NowLast month I said that I would tell you more about our exclusive members club. I will, but not yet. Remember, last month we intended to be publishing the next edition in October, not so soon, so you will have to wait a little longer for that.

The cover leads with a question regarding new radars on motorbikes. We answer that question and hopefully clear up some other misunderstandings that often come about regarding “speed traps” and radars.

We have a little bit of an American feel to this issue too, including a feature on one of the former stars of the hit television show, CHiPs, who is now living his own dream come true. In the news section we have an interesting story from America too, about a dog! We also have a couple of UK based stories too. By the way, if you are in the UK or around Europe, you can visit our sister website, roadwatch.eu, which covers a lot of information from across the continent and is the next stage of our development. More about that in a future issue too.

Buy NowWe cover child seats, traffic jams, animal safety, Eco labels, fines for cyclists, proposed changes to the UK driving test, yellow lights and more, as well as box a fun and serious quiz so you can test your knowledge, and a whole lot more.

You can click the Buy Now button to download your very own PDF version of the eMagazine. Please make sure you are able to view PDF´s before you do, although most computers, tablets and phones have PDF readers either installed or downloadable for free.

Meanwhile, if you are a business and would like to get involved by supporting us, in exchange for an advert in these pages or the website, send us an email. Remember, everybody who works on the project offers their time for free, the money collected is invested back into the next stage of the project with a portion going to charity.

To read issue 1 for FREE, click here.

We are now off to start work on the September issue where one of the subjects we will be covering is the breathalyser. Enjoy the rest of your summer and stay safe.
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### Alicante Road Safety Figures Worsen

Road traffic incident statistics across the Alicante have worsened in the first 8 months of the year, according to the latest data released by the DGT.

On the inter-city road network 28 people have lost their lives so far this year, representing an increase of 27.3% over the same period last year. Approximately 40% of deaths on main roads are from the more vulnerable road user group, including motorcyclists, cyclists and pedestrians.

The number of injury incidents recorded up until the 29th of August was 2,711, a 6.1% increase over the same period of last year when 2,555 casualties were counted. Despite the increasing protection that designers and manufacturers install in vehicles, there has been a staggering 45% increase in the number of serious injuries on the roads, whereas minor injuries have decreased by 0.2%.

One road which has carried the highest incident rate across the province is the N-332, where more people have lost their lives in the first 8 months of the year than any other road across Alicante, with 5 people losing their lives and 3 being seriously injured.

The A-31, which runs from Alicante to Madrid, is one of the high capacity routes from Alicante which has suffered twice the national average traffic intensity, mainly in the Petrer area, and has seen 4 deaths and 4 people seriously injured.

The A-7 motorway has seen 4 people lose their lives as a result of the deadly truck crash near Elche where a truck came over the central reservation and collided with two cars coming in the opposite direction. The most likely cause of that deadly crash likely to be a distracted driver.

It is believed that there is a two point solution to reducing the number of road traffic incidents. The first is through an estimated 79,000 euro per kilometre of maintenance and investment, the second being through driver awareness of the dangers of the three most popular contributors to road traffic collisions, inappropriate speed, alcohol or drugs, and distractions. Driver awareness and responsibility is key to reducing the number of incidents and thus reducing the number of fatalities and casualties.

### Ten Deaths on the Roads This Summer Weekend

Ten people have lost their lives on Spain´s roads during the weekend, one of the busiest on the holiday calendars when many domestic tourists return home. Of the incidents which occurred on the main road network, five of them involved motorcyclists or mopeds.

On Friday there were no fatalities recorded, but on Saturday five people were killed in as many incidents, including a 42 year old biker who came off his bike on the CV800, in the La Carrasqueta area near to Xixona, Alicante. The rider was part of a group which included his wife when his motorbike collided with a short wall designed to stop vehicles falling from the road and down the steep hillside. The rider was alone on his bike and the only one involved in the incident which cost his life.



On Sunday there was a head-on collision between two cars on the A-67 towards Santander in the Barreda area whereas in a separate incident a truck crashed into a concrete wall and overturned on the A-7 motorway in Paterna, Valencia.

Although not a fatal crash, one of the most surprising images taken during the weekend was from San Javier when two elderly people were slightly injured in a crash on a roundabout on the MU-301 on Saturday. Their vehicle ended up virtually upright wedged in a ditch, supported by a crash barrier which was undamaged in the incident.

### Another Pair of Roadside Robbers Arrested

Officers from the Catalan Police have arrested two men aged 28 and 30, residents of Tarragona and Alicante, suspected of committing roadside robberies on the AP-7 motorway by posing as police officers.

At the time of their arrest the men had 8,000 euro in cash in their possession which the officers believe they had taken from tourists in a recent robbery which occurred at around 20:00 on Thursday when the victims reported being forced by a vehicle masquerading as a police car to stop on the hard shoulder in the Tarragona area.

The victims report that they believed that they had been stopped by a police patrol who told them that they were looking for drugs. During the search of the vehicle they fake police took 8,000 euro and 6,000 dirhams in cash, as well as the key to the vehicle to prevent the victims escaping.

Shortly afterwards, a patrol from the Mossos d'Esquadra managed to locate and stop a suspect vehicle which matched the description of the one involved in the robbery, carrying the two people matching the description given by the victims and carrying cash of a quantity similar to that which was taken.

The suspects were presented to the courts and subsequently released facing charges.

### Over Four Million Road Journeys This Weekend

This weekend sees one of the busiest on the roads of Spain, as the summer holiday season comes to an end and there is a mass movement of vehicles from coastal and mountainous regions back inland towards the cities and towns.



Traditionally, domestic tourists take two weeks off on holiday and so the summer season on the road is broken into fortnightly sections. This weekend is the last of those sections and so the majority of people who have stayed throughout the entire summer join those who have taken the last two weeks of the holiday period.

In order to prepare for the 4,275,000 long haul journeys expected this weekend and improve the flow of traffic, a number of standard systems have been put in place, including creating extra lanes in some of the busier areas, restricting the movement of dangerous goods and, in some places, heavy vehicles such as trucks.

There will be an increase in the number of alcohol and drugs check-points throughout the weekend, as well as the intensified campaign against speeding motorists.

In order to ensure the safety of road users there will be 10,000 Guardia Civil traffic officers on duty supported by around 13,000 road management team members and 600 controllers. The DGT will be in the air with their helicopters, including those equipped with Pegasus speed monitoring equipment.

If you are heading out on the roads this weekend make sure to allow extra time for your journey, take plenty of brakes, stay cool and calm and respect the rules of the road.

Avoid alcohol and drugs completely before driving, despite a limited allowance, zero is always the best limit.

Also, remember that children less than 135 centimetres tall must ride in the rear seats and in an approved seat relevant to them.

The campaign runs through the weekend until Sunday night.

### Barcelona Police in Tiny Rescue

At first glance it might seem that this local police officer in Barcelona may have fallen drunk into a drain, another story soon makes itself clear.



The Guardia Urbana officer was responding to a very quiet call for help after a kitten had become lost in the drains. The officer successfully rescued the kitten from a no doubt otherwise fatal fate, this time with a happy ending.

### New Speed Detectors Warn Drivers Direct

A new method of trying to control speeding motorists has been implemented on a stretch of a road in Sevilla, hoping that by advising the drivers of speeding vehicles direct that they are breaking the law might make them more aware of their actions.

On the A-49 main road there is a new matrix display which has speed detection and ANPR equipment fitted.

If the sign identifies a vehicle speeding, it illuminates giving the registration number of the offending vehicle and a warning that you are breaking the law, as well as a reminder of the maximum permitted speed on the stretch of road.

Given the success of the initial trial, the system will now be gradually rolling out across various other parts of Spain.

### Badajoz Police Rescue Dog from Car

Although we are getting ever closer to the end of the summer season, it would appear that some drivers have still to learn the dangers of leaving animals (and humans in some cases) in closed vehicles.

On Wednesday of this week Local Police officers in Badajoz rescued a dog which had been left locked in the back of a car in a shopping centre car park.



The police were alerted to the presence of the dog, which was apparently showing signs of extreme discomfort in the back of the vehicle parked in direct sunlight during the hottest part of the day, locked and with doors and windows firmly closed.

The attending officers smashed the window of the car and, with the help of a vet who was close by, rescued the Dalmatian dog from within. The dog had almost lost consciousness but the vet managed to reduce the temperature from 42 degrees to 38.5, stabilizing the animal after about an hour of constant care.



The owner, a 56 year old Portuguese resident, who said that he had gone shopping and lost track of time, faces charges of a crime of animal abuse and up to six months in prison. However, in the event of the case not being strong enough, the officers also reported the driver under Extremadura animal protection laws which, through the administrative courts, which can carry a fine of up to 15,025 euro.

Meanwhile, as anxious animal lovers waited, the police took to Twitter to post a picture of Daniel in a much healthier pose than when they found him.

Aquí tenéis a Daniel, recibiendo los cuidados necesarios para que se recupere del golpe de calor pic.twitter.com/aFvXPsNkcd— PoliciaLocal Badajoz (@policiabadajoz) August 24, 2016

### Roadside Robbers Caught on Video

A group of roadside robbers have been caught on video thanks to the quick thinking of a potential victim who filmed a car with its occupants apparently pretending to be police officers and attempting to stop the target vehicle, potentially to take advantage of the situation and rob the victims.



The incident occurred on the AP7 motorway, a route popular with tourists, when a black car came alongside the potential victim and displayed what looked like an American style police badge, although easy to mistake for a real one when travelling at speed and at some distance.

Aware of situations like this, the potential victim then videoed the car, catching not only the registration number but also a view of the driver. Noticing that he was being videoed, the fake police car sped off away from the scene.



This video was then handed to the authorities who are now investigating and believe that the gang are responsible for a number of similar robberies in the area.

Specifically, the police suspect it is a gang made up of Peruvian and Chilean nationals who have been operating in Spain for months and not only target vehicles on the road but also those in rest stops and laybys.

N332.es has produced a video which helps to identify unmarked Guardia Civil cars to help prevent this kind of robbery through awareness. If you do suspect you are a victim of an attempted stop by one of these gang members, or are approached at a layby, alert the authorities immediately by calling 112 if you only speak English, or 062 for the Guardia Civil direct, who can confirm if the vehicle is a real patrol and can summon assistance to you straight away.

### Serious Crash on the A7 Motorway

Emergency services are in attendance on Wednesday after noon to a vehicle collision on the A7 motorway near Elche.

According to witnesses, the truck crossed over the central reservation and collided with the cars, then bursting into flames.

The first car was carrying a man and a women and the man was killed. The second car was carrying two women who were both killed.

The incident occurred on the A-7 motorway near the Elche-Aspe junctions at kilometre 518 at around 13:30 on Wednesday.

### Search Closing in on Hit and Run Driver

The white Land Rover Discovery involved in a fatal hit and run incident in Guardamar has been identified as being registered to a UK company.



The vehicle is currently being forensically examined and investigators have already got fingerprints which will enable them to identify the vehicle´s occupants.

Judicial authorities are also collaborating with both Interpol and the British police in order to identify anybody who may be connected to the incident.

A government delegate, Juan Carlos Moragues, made the statement on Tuesday afternoon saying that “we are in collaboration with the British authorities to see who the driver was and how they relate to the company. If they were accompanied or not and if the incident was as a result of rage, negligence or another cause”.

Moragues also said that the investigation had been “delayed” as the liaison between the international authorities is meticulous and slow, hampered by the UK´s reluctance to join the European-wide automatic sharing of vehicle and driver information.

### Campaign Against Speeders This Week

All of this week inappropriate speed will be the focus of traffic police in Spain, in an attempt to educate drivers of the risks associated with this dangerous practice.



The campaign will run until the 28th of August, coinciding with one of the busiest summer weekends on the roads, when many of the remaining domestic tourists return to their inland homes from the coast.

Every year more than 300 people are killed in incidents where inappropriate seed is a contributing factor. The overriding message of the campaign is that speed limits are a maximum and must never be exceeded, although the speed limit does not indicate that it is always safe to drive at that speed, as other factors such as the weather, traffic and road conditions influence this.

This week, the campaign spreads beyond the borders of Spain and will be carried out throughout Europe through the International Traffic Police Association, TISPOL.

In Spain, secondary roads are where more speed related incidents occur, and so the Guardia Civil will be giving more of a focus to this type of road. Statistically, 4 out of 10 drivers on these types of roads are exceeding the speed limit at any one time, 25% by more than 10 kilometres per hour above the limit. These roads are also the location for 8 out of every 10 deaths.

### Urgent Appeal to Identify Fatal Hit and Run Driver

Officers from the Guardia Civil in Torrevieja have launched a search for the owner of a British registered Land Rover which was involved in a fatal hit and run in the Guardamar area of the Costa Blanca.





The officers are keen to locate the driver of the vehicle, a white Land Rover Discovery 4 bearing the registration SK13 MWM, and are urging anybody who can identify the driver to come forward, calling 966 70 73 01. Or reporting to the nearest Guardia Civil of Police station.

The incident occurred at around 22:40 on Sunday evening on the N-332 main road, in the area of kilometre 67 of the town which borders popular British residency areas such as Torrevieja, Orihuela and Elche. A second person was unhurt.

The officers also warn the driver that “Sooner than later we will catch you. If you present yourself voluntarily in your nearest Guardia Civil Station, things will be better for you“.

### Is it Legal to use a Tablet as a GPS?

Yesterday, the N332 Facebook team asked the question, “Is it legal to use a tablet as a GPS?”

Here we explain the answer, with pictures.

In this example in a Mercedes car, the “tablet-sized” GPS is built into the dashboard of the vehicle and does not, in any way, obstruct the driver´s visibility and poses no other obvious risk. Here, in this instance, it is legal to use, although not to touch when you are driving.



Here is another example of a factory fitted version which is legal.



The next pictures show how a tablet can be fitted to the dashboard, either by a fitted bracket or by an attachment such as the ones which clip and fit to the air vents of the vehicle. Like the factory fitted model above. Because these are fitted to the dashboard and do not obstruct the visibility of the driver, they are therefore legal, so long as you don´t operate the device whilst driving.



This is the sort of bracket which can be used.



On this next picture, although the tablet is fitted to the dashboard, it is showing a film or a DVD. This is not permitted. You are only allowed to play films and videos displayed in the back seats, so as they do not cause a distraction to the driver. As a side note, it was revealed that during the fatal crash of the first driverless car, the driver was watching a DVD at the time of the collision.



The next photograph shows two positions for the tablet. The lower one is perfectly legal as it is fitted to the dashboard and does not obstruct the driver´s field of vision. The upper one however would be illegal.



Finally, this picture shows a tablet being used as a GPS. Based on your knowledge so far, you should now be able to answer for yourself if it is legal or not. The answer of course is that it is illegal as it obstructs the driver´s field of vision. This particular driver was also fined because not only does it pose an obstruction of visibility, it was also not secured and simply lay wedged between the dashboard and the windscreen. In the event of a collision or sudden braking the device would have become a projectile and could have caused significant damage to the vehicle and its occupants.



Here are the other rules related to devices such as GPS, tablets and mobile phones.

- You must not touch it whilst driving and it must be mounted securely.

- Only the display of maps for the use of navigation is allowed.

- It must not obstruct your view or field of vision and must be 100% hands free if operated.

 

Nowadays vehicles often come with Sat-Nav built in and so you are allowed to use a tablet used as a GPS. But they must be placed in the dashboard area, firmly fitted, not obstructing you view. They are allowed to rise above the height of the dashboard by a few centimetres, such as is the case with the Mercedes above.

Only mobiles phone and small purpose-built GPS units can be used affixed to the windscreen, so long as their screen it is not too big and they are attached in a secure place, not obscuring the field of vision.

When it is a screen too big to be placed in the windscreen? This is where common sense should prevail. If, after you have fitted it, you can´t see part of the road, find another place. The same applies when having any device, use common sense and don´t obscure your view.

### Roundabout Scammers Investigated

Officers from the Guardia Civil have been investigating nine people believed to be involved in an insurance scam that centred on catching out drivers on roundabouts.



The investigation began in June when officers received several complaints from insurance companies regarding incidents recorded in the Pontevedra area.

Investigators have so far attributed ten cases to the group who would claim for damages and compensation following collisions on roundabouts, a scam that so far exceeds 92,000 euro. In the reported collisions, there was little material damage and yet personal injury claims were always recorded.

The investigation then found that the modus operandi was the same in each incident. The “victim´s” car would be driving around the roundabout correctly in the outermost lane. The driver would then notice a vehicle driving in an inner lane, signalling to leave the roundabout although not being in the correct lane to do so. The scammers would then accelerate into the path of this vehicle, forcing a collision.

As the crash was deemed the fault of the driver in the wrong lane, the scammer would fake injuries, often calling on the police to unknowingly support and witness their charade at the scene, almost guaranteeing a precautionary transfer to hospital.

The medical expenses totalled 14,500 euro whilst the healthcare and recuperation totalled 78,000 euro worth of claims.

The case has now been handed to the courts in Vigo.

Remember, unless signs or signals indicate otherwise, you should always exit a roundabout from the right-hand, or outermost lane.

### Guardia Civil Officers Rescue Baby Left in Car

Officers from the Guardia Civil rescued a nine-month old baby who had been left locked inside a car whilst the child´s father had gone shopping in a supermarket.



The incident occurred on Wednesday in the San Juan area of Alicante, at around 3 in the afternoon, when concerned passers-by alerted a routine Guardia Civil patrol near the N-332 of a child in the back of a car which was locked.

The patrol immediately attended the vehicle and saw the child inside, apparently unconscious, and so they smashed the windows in order to gain access.

The officers then attempted resuscitation and rehydration whilst awaiting the arrival of an ambulance.

When the child´s father returned to the vehicle, accompanied by another child of around 3-years of age, he was said to be “surprised” by the fact the patrol were in attendance and refused to have the victim transferred to hospital for treatment.

The child was therefore treated at the scene by medics whilst the Guardia Civil are now pursuing criminal charges against the father, a 33-year old German national, who is on holiday at a campsite in the area.

### X Marks the Spot

The roads of Madrid will soon be getting a taste of the classic Japanese styling, with the installation of a diagonal zebra crossing.



The city council has budgeted for the installation of the crossing at the junction of Goya and Alcalá, one of the most iconic and widely visited areas in the city.

Although the design is believed to have originated in Japan, Los Angeles and London also have diagonal crossings which are designed to speed up the flow of pedestrians who would otherwise have to cross two individual streets separately.

In addition to pedestrians, the council will also provide similar crossing facilities for bicycles, thus aiming to protect two of the most vulnerable groups of road users.

### See the sign – Watch your speed!

If you see this sign on a conventional road in Spain it serves as a warning of a number of factors.



Firstly, it warns you that you are about to enter one of the 300 most dangerous sections of roads where an increase of speed related incidents have been recorded.

Secondly, as a result of the above reason, these sections are often locations of intensified speed checks, so as to reduce the number of casualties in the sections.

See the sign – Watch your speed!

### Spanish Pop Group in Serious Crash

Members of the Spanish pop group Supersubmarina were injured on Sunday when the vehicle they were travelling in was involved in a head-on collision on the N-322 road in Ubeda.



The incident occurred at around 8 in the morning when a car and a van collided, resulting in six people being injured.

The lead Singer of the group, José Chino Marín, has been operated on twice for head injuries and remains in a serious condition in intensive care. The band´s drummer, Juan Carlos, also remains in a serious condition in the ICU.

The other three members of the group, who were all travelling in the car, were also injured, although not seriously, as was the van driver.

The group had been returning to their home town of Baeza (Jaén) after participating in the Medusa Sunbeach Festival held in Cullera (Valencia). The group have been touring the country, including performing in Torrevieja in December of last year.

An investigation has been launched to ascertain the circumstances surrounding the incident.

### Why are Traffic Officers speaking to these Cyclists?

On a routine patrol in Rojales this week, a Guardia Civil traffic patrol stopped and fined two cyclists.



When a bicycle is being ridden, it is a vehicle. Therefore it is governed by the same rules of the road as cars, vans, trucks, in fact any other vehicle.

On this particular occasion, the cyclists was observed failing to stop at a stop sign and was subsequently fined 200 euro each for the offence.

Stop signs and stop lines are there to provide extra protection at junctions. Often, when these signs exist, the junction may have restricted visibility or be on a faster flowing road, and so extreme caution must be exercised and your vehicle must be brought to a complete stop.

It is perhaps even more serious for a vulnerable road user to fail to stop as the risk is far greater.

Hopefully, these particular cyclists will think twice in the future before risking his own safety and the safety of other road users.

Remember, a bicycle when ridden is a vehicle and must comply with the laws and rules of the road.

### An Unforgettable Day for the Children

N332 reached an agreement with the Hollywood Motor Show to help the children from Elche Children´s Home have a fun day out. The stunt drivers didn´t hesitate to help us when we explained where the tickets would go.



The three stars of the show, stunt drivers David, Patrick and Christopher, donated the tickets so that the children could come to see them perform, where they will be able to experience this amazing event first hand.



Francisco Morales from N332 said, “We must think of the children during this holiday time when those with families are enjoying their time together, many of those without a family don´t have the same opportunities and don´t even get to leave their home”.



As well as sharing news and information to encourage safer driving and hopefully save lives, N332 will keep working to help local charities, and with the recent launch of the new eMagazine will be donating some of the benefits earned to these local charities.

The Hollywood Motor Show is currently located on the car park near to the Zenia Boulevard shopping centre on the Orihuela Costa and is touring the area. Look out for the posters and show them your support for helping us.

### Gas Car for Guardia Civil

Power supply company Gas Natural have collaborated with car manufacturer Seat in order to deliver the first natural gas powered vehicle to the Guardia Civil.



The vehicle is part of the current agreement between the energy group and the institution of public safety for environmental performance improvement and energy efficiency.

The vehicle was delivered at a ceremony attended by the Managing Director of Gas Natural, Manuel Gil, and the director general of the Guardia Civil, Arsenio Fernández de Mesa, after a collaboration agreement was reached between the energy supplier and the Guardia Civil last October.

Among other initiatives, the agreement includes studies to improve the efficiency of buildings and facilities for the general management of the Guardia Civil, as well as analysis incorporating the use of natural gas in the park land and maritime vehicles with the aim of improving environmental performance and efficiency.

### New Vehicles Delivered

The Guardia Civil has taken delivery of more than 100 new vehicles valued at over 3 million euro.



The vehicles were presented to the corps by Director General Arsenio Fernández de Mesa, at the Colegio de Guardias Jóvenes de Valdemoro in Madrid.



In total, 110 vehicles were delivered, at a total cost of 3,083,008.50 euro which has come from the state security budget.



These particular vehicles will join the fleet responsible for public safety and security, with over a hundred more due for delivery before the end of the year.



In 2014, the Guardia Civil took delivery of 195 new cars which were added to the fleet, and with 2.5 million euro investment being given by the European Union, 400 vehicles have been replaced or renewed in the last 2 years.

### Torrevieja to Finally Get Widened N-332

One person was killed and another four injured, two of them seriously, following a head-on collision between two cars on the N-332 main road near La Marina last week. This crash came exactly a year to the day when five vehicles collided in the area near to the desalination plant at Torrevieja.

Both these incidents, any many more besides, occurred on stretches of the road where there is one lane of traffic in each direction and no physical barrier between the two flows of traffic. For years campaigners have been fighting to have the Torrevieja section widened to two lanes in each direction, the same as the N-332 road on both sides of the town, although it has evolved more into a political Ping-Pong game than anybody actually taking responsibility and trying to enforce the change, not only in order to save lives, but also to ease the congestion that in inevitable at certain times of year, such as summer, when the road is brought to a standstill for much of the day.

In terms of the danger element, there is an argument that there is no such thing as a dangerous road, in the same way that many people argue that it´s not guns that kill people, it´s people who kill people. Those arguments carry some validity, but if anything can be done to reduce or eradicate danger, then it should be done.

There are laws on gun use which seemingly prevents a lot of intentional killings, there is also an element of morality in most civilised society that automatically prevents most people from wanting to intentionally take a life. However, there are also laws that should prevent drivers from speeding, driving too close, using their mobile phones, consuming alcohol, and many others, and although some actions are becoming socially unacceptable, it is still commonplace for the laws of the roads to be ignored, despite the fact that these laws are also intended to preserve life.

The good news is, and without pandering to any political point scoring, the widening of the road in the Torrevieja area may finally become a reality, as the mayor of Torrevieja, José Manuel Dolón, announced at a press conference the “release” of the administrative and technical stoppage, thus confirming that “there are no more excuses because the ministry of Public works and has all the documentation” and that the widening works “can start as soon as it is tendered”, a situation that Dolón described as “very satisfying”.

Dolón explained how the government has been active trying to involve all agencies and entities in order to ensure the project is completed in the optimum time, quoting letters he has written and a response from the Directorate General of Traffic “sharing” the concerns of the government on account of the route between kilometre marker posts 49 and 56 being a notorious black spot.

Dolón also described it as “shameful” that it has taken 20 years to reach this point, but once complete it should not only save countless lives on the roads it will also reinvigorate Torrevieja and its businesses to the benefit of all.

The situation will not yet change on any other parts of the road such as La Marina where this latest tragic incident took place, but through awareness of the dangers of the roads we can all try to do our bit in the meantime to try to keep everybody that little bit safer by ensuring safer driving at all times.

### N332 RoadWatch Issue 02 - August 2016

Here it is, issue 2 of N332 RoadWatch, our new regular eMagazine. When we released the first issue last month, it was our intention to publish the eMagazine quarterly. Straight away the pressure was on to publish more frequently than we intended, thanks largely to you and your incredible feedback. Therefore, we decided that we had better publish every 2 months. Still your comments and feedback continued and still we felt that even every 2 months isn´t enough, at least not at the moment, and so, as you have probably gathered already, here we are with our now monthly publication.


Buy Now


Last month I said that I would tell you more about our exclusive members club. I will, but not yet. Remember, last month we intended to be publishing the next edition in October, not so soon, so you will have to wait a little longer for that.

Now, back to this issue. The cover leads with a question regarding new radars on motorbikes. We answer that question and hopefully clear up some other misunderstandings that often come about regarding “speed traps” and radars.

We have a little bit of an American feel to this issue too, including a feature on one of the former stars of the hit television show, CHiPs, who is now living his own dream come true. In the news section we have an interesting story from America too, about a dog! We also have a couple of UK based stories too. By the way, if you are in the UK or around Europe, you can visit our sister website, roadwatch.eu, which covers a lot of information from across the continent and is the next stage of our development. More about that in a future issue too.

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We cover child seats, traffic jams, animal safety, Eco labels, fines for cyclists, proposed changes to the UK driving test, yellow lights and more, as well as box a fun and serious quiz so you can test your knowledge, and a whole lot more.

You can click the Buy Now button to download your very own PDF version of the eMagazine. Please make sure you are able to view PDF´s before you do, although most computers, tablets and phones have PDF readers either installed or downloadable for free.

Meanwhile, if you are a business and would like to get involved by supporting us, in exchange for an advert in these pages or the website, send us an email. Remember, everybody who works on the project offers their time for free, the money collected is invested back into the next stage of the project with a portion going to charity.

To read issue 1 for FREE, click here. 

We are now off to start work on the September issue where one of the subjects we will be covering is the breathalyser. Enjoy the rest of your summer and stay safe.

...

### Alert for Fugitive Heading to Spain

Belgian Police have alerted Spanish authorities of a “radicalised and armed” fugitive heading to Spain.



An international arrest warrant is in place for Ilias Zohrie for attempted homicide after a failed attack on a nightclub in Antwerp and the attempted murder of the Coroner for Gieselinck, France.

Zohrie, a Belgian national born in 1988, is described as “extremely dangerous” and has absconded from Belgium reported heading to Spain on Wednesday of this week. All inbound ports, airports and transit points have been put on alert, although it I believed that Zohrie will be travelling through France, possibly on Moroccan papers.

The authorities are also on the lookout for three vehicles which they believe might be used to transport the fugitive, an Opel Corsa or an Opel Astra, both of which display the number plate 1JNT244, or a Volkswagen Golf, registration number 1FKC916.

Anybody who sees a person who looks like Zohrie, or any of the vehicles mentioned, should contact the security services immediately on the multi-lingual emergency number, 112, or 062 direct to the Guardia Civil for those who speak Spanish.

### Fatal Crash on the N-332 near La Marina

One person was killed and another four injured, two of them seriously, following a head-on collision between two cars on the N-332 main road near La Marina.



The incident occurred at around 07:00 near kilometre 78 of the coastal road, in a section where one lane runs in each direction.



The deceased is believed to be a Ukrainian national of 41-years of age, whereas those injured are said to be a woman of 25, who suffered abdominal trauma and was taken to Vinalopó hospital, a 30-year old man who also received abdominal injuries and taken to Elche general hospital, both of whom are in a serious condition. The other two injured parties were aged 24 and 25 and were taken to Torrevieja hospital with less serious injuries.



The Guardia Civil are investigating the cause on the tragic incident although initial indications suggest that one of the vehicles invaded the opposite lane resulting in the collision.

The road was completely blocked to traffic whilst the emergency services attended the scene and then subsequently cleared the wreckage, opening at 11:00, some 4 hours later.

### Second Phase of Summer Traffic Operation

This weekend will see the second special operation for the movement of summer traffic on the roads, as the midpoint between the summer holiday starts and finishes.

The special operation will commence at 15:00 on Friday the 29th of July, finishing at midnight on Sunday. As a result, there will be increased traffic flowing from both inland areas towards the coast and mountains, and returning from the holiday areas back inland.

The main flow of traffic is expected to be on Friday afternoon heading from the cities to the coast, and on Sunday heading back to the inland areas, although both directions will be busy throughout, as this is one of the few weekends in the traffic calendar when traffic flows in both directions.

In total, there will be an estimated 6.5 million long-haul journeys on Spanish roads, considerably more than the 4.6 million of last year. Summer tourist traffic in Spain is also mixing with the major temporary migration of families back to African nations, thus making a particularly busy time period.



The major circulatory problems will be at the outputs of large cities and major roads of access to the coastal areas, both Friday evening and during Saturday morning. The roads that may be most affected are those of Madrid, Castilla la Mancha, Valencia, Murcia and Andalusia, as well as the A-6 and A-1 from Madrid.

According to the DGT, the roads by regions with the highest traffic intensity in this operation are:



In order to minimize disruption, the DGT will be operating a special campaign on the roads, which includes restricting the movement of dangerous goods, suspending all routine road works, creating special lanes to ease the flow of traffic, and having more than 10,000 Guardia Civil traffic officers and 13,000 support staff on the roads throughout. The DGT helicopters will be monitoring the roads from the air, including those equipped with the Pegasus radar equipment, and there will be intensified checks on the main contributing factors to road traffic collisions throughout the weekend, inappropriate and excessive speed, alcohol and drugs, and distractions.

Throughout the month of August, the DGT expect 43 million trips to be made on the roads.

### Parking Restrictions in Torrevieja Centre

With immediate effect from Friday of this week, Torrevieja town hall has suspended parking on one of the main streets in the town centre in order to improve the flow of traffic during the busy summer period.



The previous administration had implemented the scheme on calle Ramón Gallud in an attempt to boost trade for struggling stores who had been feeling the impact of loss of trade caused firstly by the Habaneras chopping centre, and more recently since the opening of the Zenia Boulevard.

Parking was available for up to an hour a time, although there were no real systems in place to monitor this.

From day 1 congestion caused major problems in the town, which is the main arterial route through the centre, and also one frequented by buses, some of whom struggled to get through on account of the cars parked in the way.

As summer is the busiest time for Torrevieja, the town has become almost gridlocked at times, prompting the action by the town hall.

This removal of the parking permission has also happened in previous years incidentally, although this time is has not been made clear if the removal is just for the summer period or indefinitely, although it is hoped that this will have a positive impact on traffic flow as the main road will now operate as two lanes in a single direction.

As for parking, there are numerous public car parks around the town, many of which have information sign posts indicating the number of available spaces and the direction to head.

### When your ITV test has expired, how long can you drive without being fined?

When your ITV test has expired, how long can you drive without being fined?



The deadline to drive legally without being fined, it is the date you can find on the back of your ITV card, just next to the last stamp.



The ITV test is the document you have to prove that your car is in roadworthy condition, similar to the MOT in the UK, but once it expires then your vehicle is not permitted to be used on the roads and so you can be fined.



There is a rumour that you have ONE month after the ITV expires to carry out your ITV test, but it is totally false. You can however have your test done up to a month before the expiration date, and, assuming your vehicle passes, the date will be added onto the end of the expiration period.

So, it your ITV expires on the 30th of the month and you take it on the 10th, then, if it passes, the new certificate will be valid until the 30th of the time corresponding to the renewal period of your vehicle.

 

 

### YouTuber Videoed Himself Playing Pokemon at the Wheel

A popular YouTuber has been left to consider the consequences of his actions after one of his videos was reported to the Guardia Civil.



Despite the account having almost three million followers, it only took one concerned viewer to alert the authorities that they had just watched the video where a driver of an Audi car was seen to be travelling at 180 kilometres per hour trying to catch Pokemon.

Audi, who had let the video star borrow the car, immediately withdrew their support and their permission to use the vehicle, in an attempt to distance themselves from such reckless activity, posting their condemnation on their official Twitter account.

Meanwhile, the Guardia Civil are now looking into the video and the complaint to assess what action can be taken against the driver who risked lives in the pursuit of fame in playing a game and now faces a fine and the loss of points from his licence.

### RADARS ON ROJALES ROADS

Following numerous complaints by local residents, the Local Police in Rojales have acquired vehicle speed detecting equipment from the DGT in order to try to control vehicles who drive at excessive speed through the municipality.



The Chief of Police, Iñaki Esparza, says that there are at least 10 areas in the municipality where neighbours have raised concerns about speeding vehicles, and it is the intention of the police to control these “dangerous places” by monitoring and sanctioning “motorists not respecting the speed limits”.

The equipment is installed within a patrol vehicle and is capable of constant monitoring of a road section, In addition, the police have also obtained a breathalyser and the associated equipment to enable them to issue fines by the roadside.

### Alcohol Present in 67% of Drivers Killed on the Roads

The latest statistics revealed by the National Spanish Institute of Toxicology and Forensic Sciences (INTCF) reveals that 43% of drivers killed in road traffic incidents last year tested positive for the presence of alcohol, drugs and / or psychotropic drugs, a figure which is 4 points higher than last year.



The report includes the results of toxicological analysis of 900 deaths (638 drivers, 179 pedestrians and 83 companions) in road traffic collisions. The director of INTCF, Dolores Moreno, clarifies that the casualty figures are lower than the 1,126 reported by the DGT as some autonomous communities carry out their own toxicological analysis.

Of the drivers who tested positive for the tested substances (275 drivers in total), 67% had ingested alcohol, more than 30% were found to have some kind of drug, and over 26% had consumed psychoactive drugs.

The report indicates that the data reflects an increased consumption of alcohol and psychoactive drugs among those killed, whilst the level of drug use has been maintained. In 2014, 26% tested positive for alcohol, 10.74% psychoactive drugs and 13.35% drugs. The figures last 2015 stood at 29.3% alcohol, 11.44% in psychoactive drugs and 13.6% in drugs.

In the case of pedestrians killed, more than 46% of the 179 cases analysed were positive, of which almost 57% had consumed alcohol, 40% psychotropics and 34% some other kind of drug.

In those tested positive for drugs, the substance detected among drivers was cocaine (49% positive), followed by cannabis (44%) and opiate morphine derivatives (14%).

### First Official Pokemon Hunter Crash Recorded

It might seem all the rage amongst an incredible number of people around the globe, but when it comes to driving, applications such as Pokemon Go can serve as nothing more than a distraction which must be avoided, or the consequences will inevitably be fatal.

The aim of the smartphone-based game is to use mapping technology to search for and “catch” virtual pocket monsters, from which the name Pokemon is derived. However, the first serious collision has now been officially attributed to a distracted driver playing the game.

The incident took place in Auburn in New York when a 28-year old driver had taken a vehicle on a hunt for Pokemons, however the driver lost control on account of being distracted and collided with a tree, destroying the vehicle.



Luckily, on this occasion, the driver was not seriously injured, nor were any other road users who could so easily have become a victim of the driver´s irresponsibility.

There have already been countless near misses recorded, not only involving vehicles, but also pedestrians who are concentrating so much on their phones they ignore the real world dangers surrounding them.

A near stampede, also in New York, almost resulted in a catastrophe. Some 2,000 Pokemon hunters were seen taking to the streets of Sydney in search of the same Pokemon.

There are even businesses popping up offering to walk your phone for you, searching for your Pokemons and the game has just gained its first major sponsor, McDonalds, who will encourage players to go to their restaurants in order to exercise their Pokemons, whilst no doubt eating at the same time.

There is no doubt that the game has been a phenomenal success, largely exploiting the memories of those who used to swap the trading cards in the 90´s now the mobile generation who still play the games of their childhood, but when it comes to driving and interacting with or near traffic it is potentially deadly.

### Driver Fatigue Caused Deadly Coach Crash

A coach crash in the Tarragona area of Freginals in March in which 13 Erasmus students were killed and another 40 injured, was caused by driver fatigue, according to the investigation by the Catalan police.



According to the investigation, on the approach to the crash scene, the vehicle was recorded travelling at 100 kilometres per hour, then decelerating for no reason to around 74 kilometres per hour for no apparent reason, and accelerating back up to 100. Evidence from the road also indicates that the vehicle struck the rumble strips at the side of the road on a number of occasions, which would also be around the time the deceleration stopped and the vehicle accelerated once again.

The conclusion by crash investigators is that these factors are typical of a driver falling asleep at the wheel and so deceleration occurs on account of the inability to maintain pressure on the accelerator, the collision with the rumble strips then waking the driver up, prompting the acceleration, although still dazed and confused, and failing to acknowledge the severity of drowsiness at the time, and so the process continued until the catastrophic crash.

The evidence collated from the vehicle and scene is also corroborated by witnesses, as some of the passengers on the bus reported feeling like the driver was falling asleep and hitting the rumble strips.

### Traffic Patrol Stunned at Rescue Scene

Officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department on the island of Formentera were left stunned at the weekend when they called upon a tow truck to assist a stranded passenger car.

The disabled vehicle had suffered an engine problem at around 4 in the morning and so the grua was called to recover the vehicle. Upon its arrival, the officers were somewhat surprised to find the driver of the tow truck showing signs of intoxication.

They decided to perform a roadside breath test and found the tow truck driver to be six times over the legal alcohol limit.

The driver was promptly arrested although that then left another problem as the closest available replacement was on the neighbouring island of Ibiza. As a result, the patrol had to remain with the stranded vehicle for four hours until it could be recovered.

The penalties for drink and drug driving in Spain are harsh and are lower than other European countries, including the UK. However, for professional drivers the limit is even lower again. Last week, another driver was arrested on the same island after being found to have been under the influence of drugs. This driver was in charge of a truck carrying dangerous goods.

Throughout the summer there are intensified checks for alcohol and drugs on the roads in an attempt to reduce the number of casualties caused by such inconsiderate actions.

### Child Abductor Arrested by Police

A 34-year old Romanian man was arrested on Sunday accused of the attempted abduction of a child from the Valencia beach of Playa de la Malvarrosa.

Local police officers saw the man carrying a 5-year old child who was shouting for his mother. Upon questioning the man, the officers were told that the child had just been rescued from the sea where he had been having difficulty swimming and that the child´s parents were not attentive.

Noting that the child was dry the officers became more suspicious and detained the man to question his motives whilst the child identified his mother and was safely returned.

The man appeared in court charged with the illegal detention of a minor and was released pending a psychiatric assessment.

As summer is a time when beaches and play areas become busier, it is even more important than ever to be vigilant around children, keeping a close and constant watch on their activities, and reporting any suspicious behaviour to the police. Although abductions are rare in Spain they do occur, but the risk of other safety related incidents such as drowning or suffering injury is greatly increased.

### Road Closures and Diversions in Torrevieja

Torrevieja town hall has announced a series of road closures in order for the police to better direct traffic hoping to attend the Electromar fiesta in the town on Saturday.

The closures will be in place from 17:00 on Saturday 16th of July, until 08:00 the following morning. The roads affected will be Avda. Delfina Viudes to the Aquópolis roundabout, Avda. Rosa Mazón Valero to the football ground on Avda. Monge y Bielsa.

Access will also be restricted crossing Avda. Delfina viudes, from Avda. Rosa Mazón near to Gros Mercat, Calle Estay and Calle trasera near to Discoteca OZ and calle Panol.

Those attending the event are recommended to park away from the epicentre and walk the remainder of the way, whereas those not attending are recommended to avoid the area through the afternoon and evening to avoid being caught in the congestion.

There will be an increase in security checks in the area to ensure that everybody is as safe as possible and of course traffic police will be out in force to ensure that drunk and drug drivers are dealt with accordingly, whilst ensuring the safe flow of traffic to and from the event.

### Injured Officer Donates Attack Compensation to the Needy

A Guardia Civil officer who received compensation after being attacked has donated the money to buy food for the needy.



It was in August of 2013 when Manuel, based in the town of Cambados, was attacked, an incident which he now wants to forget. Whilst on duty, Manuel was tasked with accompanying a woman to collect various personal belongings from a rental housing she shared with her then ex-partner. After various complications during the case, the end result was that Manuel was attacked and, along with colleagues, suffered a variety of injuries.

Having received 400 euro compensation from the offender, he wanted to take no direct pleasure from the horrific experience, and so decided to make good out of a bad situation by donating the money to those with more of a need.

As a result, three shopping trolleys full of food were delivered to be shared amongst the elderly and needy in the town.

### Drunk Driver Crashes into Truck

A van driver was arrested in Torrevieja on Tuesday, found to be three-times over the legal alcohol limit.



The arrest occurred following a collision between two trucks which left one person injured and having to be treated at Torrevieja hospital.

The incident occurred on the main coastal road to the south of the city in the vicinity of a popular supermarket. Both vehicles were heading in the same direction.

The van being driven by the driver found to be over the limit impacted with the rear of a grua truck with some force, with the back of that vehicle becoming embedded in the cab.

The passenger in the rear vehicle was subsequently trapped and had to be freed by fire fighters before being taken to hospital, although his injuries were not thought to be serious.

The incident caused considerable delays during one of the busiest times in the city, with afternoon traffic disrupted for around an hour.

### European Police Patrolling in Spain Once Again

Officers from the French National Gendarmerie have joined colleagues from the Guardia Civil in Spain as part of the summer tourism operations aimed at maintaining a safer environment for international and domestic tourists in the country.

This week, French officers have been welcomed to the Alicante town of Altea, amongst some of the most popular tourist destinations for French visitors.



The Spanish Government has implemented the 2016 plan, which has proved a huge success in previous years, not only because foreign visitors feel more at ease when they see their own national police, but shared intelligence through the European-wide collaboration has been proven to lead to a reduction in organised crime across the continent.

In addition to the European assistance, Spain also strengthens the presence of its own security services in the tourist rich towns, including relocating officers from the likes of the Guardia Civil and the police, and the opening of specially adapted officers where tourists can be dealt with in their own native language. In addition, the Valencia regional police also increase controls in tourist areas, and so with the collaboration of all forces not only is security increased, the impact and risk of crime decreases.

For its part, the Guardia Civil collaborates with Europe-wide forces throughout the year, including an exchange program run through the European Police College, where information and knowledge on practices and operations are shared through the continent.

### Guardia Officer Invents Life Saving Device

A Guardia Civil traffic officer, Jorge Torre Sarmiento, assisted by a marketing and design expert, Roberto Pérez Marijuán, have invented a device which they think will speed up the time in which other road users are advised of the presence of a disabled or broken down vehicle, thus saving lives as a result.



When a vehicle becomes disabled, perhaps due to an incident or break down, the natural reaction of the driver will often be to put hazard lights on then attempt to restart the vehicle, then call for assistance from their breakdown or insurance service, and then put on a high visibility vest, go to the boot and place warning triangles on the road advising of the presence of the disabled vehicle.

All too often, this process can take between 8 and 10 minutes, during which time the vehicle is left in a vulnerable position and presenting a potential hazard to other road users and the vehicle´s occupants.

In order to try to alleviate this problem of vulnerability, made worse in the event of low light such as night time or when the vehicle has no power for the hazard lights, the officer has invented a device called “Help-Flash” which can be used as a first indicator of a hazard whilst the correct procedure of laying out triangles is being carried out.

Jorge Torre Sarmiento describes himself as a frustrated engineer, and is well known in his local area for inventing a variety of devices and designs. The 47-year old officer, based in Vigo, graduated in criminology and joined the Guardia Civil, despite his desire to be a designer. His role has subsequently meant he could fulfil both functions.

He already has a number of successful patents to his name, such as a “girolina”, a device that allows young children and the elderly sharpen pencils without any effort, a device for Formula 1 engineering teams to change tyres in a matter of minutes by removing all of the bolts at the same time, and a set of tweezers for a specific type of clothing.

However, “Help-Flash” is his first invention that will hit the mass market, and will do so with the help of Pérez Marijuán, co-founder of a marketing company, who has been on tour with the device to secure development funding.

“Help-Flash” is a small emergency light, powered by a conventional battery, which emits a flashing light visible for up to a kilometre away. It is activated by a magnetic support and can also be used as a flashlight.

The project was conceived in collaboration with the Centro Tecnológico de Automoción de Galicia (CTAG), and a group representing the victims of road traffic incidents, the Avata Hispania.

Stored in the glove box, the device can be activated in seconds and placed on the exterior of the vehicle where the magnetic contact will keep it in place, allowing the driver to then place warning triangles and make the vehicle occupants secure.



The Kickstarter project is also looking into developing a mobile application which can alert the emergency services to your precise location at the push of a button.

Jorge is understandably passionate about the project, which is why he has taken a break from active duty to develop it. Primarily, his motivation is clear, when asked why, he simply replied, “I think it can save lives”.

For more information and to support the project, visit http://netunsolutions.com/help-flash/



help-flash english version from NETUN solutions on Vimeo.

### Fined for Falsifying ITV Sticker

The Courts in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria have imposed a fine of 540 euro on a 33-year old woman who changed the ITV sticker on her vehicle so as to pretend that her car had successfully passed the mandatory test.



The case has taken two years to get to court and was brought about after two local police officers from Las Palmas attended an incident in the El Lasso area. A vehicle check indicated that one of the cars had not undertaken a successful ITV test, and had not been considered roadworthy for some months, despite the vehicle displaying a sticker in the windscreen.

The officers submitted a report for proceedings of a crime of forgery of public documents.

Once the case reached the courts the judge considered the evidence sufficient to prove that a fraudulent act had taken place and therefore condemned the vehicle owner to pay the 540 euro fine over a period of two months.

It is a mandatory requirement for vehicles which have reached the statutory age to display an ITV sticker in the windscreen, which is colour coded in accordance with the year of expiry and contains the expiry date.

Only one ITV sticker should be displayed at any one time and so once the next test has been passed and a new sticker issued, the previous one should be removed. The sticker should also be placed in the top right hand side of the windscreen (as you look out), so that officers looking out for it will be able to see the data quicker and are less likely to have to force you to stop whilst they check the details.

It is also mandatory to carry the ITV card and report with you in the vehicle as one of the documents you must carry in the car, along with the Permiso de Circulacion.

### N332 RoadWatch Issue 01 - July 2016

Welcome to issue 1 of N332 RoadWatch, our new regular eMagazine. This is the next progression in the N332 road safety project, supporting the website and the articles published on Facebook, and bringing them to you in a new and easy to read format via your computer and tablet.

You can read this first edition for FREE by clicking the virtual magazine image below. Alternatively, you can purchase and download your own copy in PDF format buy clicking the BUY button at the bottom. Please make sure your computer or device is capable of reading PDF´s first though. If you downloaded our eBook you will be fine as it is the same format.

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We have released this first edition as a free read but in the future it will only be available for free to our N332 Club members. I know what you´re thinking, what´s the N332 Club? Well, we will give you more information about that in the next few weeks, but let me just tell you that is is the next exciting stage for the N332 project where membership will certainly have its benefits.

For now though, back to N332 RoadWatch. Some of the articles you may have read before right here on the website, but they are seasonal, and so it is important that we remind ourselves of the importance of such things as not wearing flip-flops when driving, for example. Other articles are yet to be published here and you won´t get them anywhere else.

By the way, as always, if you do pay the small fee to download your own copy in PDF format, the money received goes back into the project, as everybody involved gives up their time for free, and we will be giving a portion of the earnings to a charity, more about that in the next edition.

Meanwhile, if you are a business and would like to get involved by supporting us, in exchange for an advert in these pages of N332 RoadWatch or the website, send us an email, admin@n332.es.

As for everybody else, we hope you enjoy this first edition. We are now off to start work on the next. Enjoy your summer and stay safe.

 



If you do want to purchase your own copy to download (remember to make sure you can view PDF´s first though), click the button below...
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### Driving Restrictions for Pensioners

Drivers over the age of 65 may face restrictions on their driving based on medical conditions.

Depending on the type and severity of medical failures, the traffic department have issued a list of guidelines on restrictions that the over 65´s may face.

The first restriction could be based on distance, with older drivers restricted to journeys not exceeding either 20 or 50 kilometres distance.

Elderly drivers may also face permanent bans from driving on motorways, or at night.

Drivers may face restrictions in the maximum permitted speed which the vehicle they are driving may travel. The actual restrictions will be assessed by the driving examiners based on the medical evidence but could restrict vehicles to a maximum of either 70 or 100 kilometres per hour.

Driving licences will have to be renewed every 5 years for the over 65´s, rather than every 10 years for those under the age bracket. However, the 5 year renewal is based on a person of optimum health, the examination may result in a forced renewal every 2, 3 or 4 years, which may alter after each renewal depending on how health has declined.

The over 65´s must also provide a certificate from the family doctor in the case of having been diagnosed with a chronic disease which may affect driving ability, if they have had cataract surgery or heart surgery, and if they are diabetic or taking medications such as Sintrom or other anticoagulant drugs.

### The Hazards of Heat

High summer temperatures may be a welcome change for those looking to relax on the beach this summer, but higher temperatures pose an often hidden risk, especially to vehicles and road safety.

The most vulnerable parts of the vehicle in extreme temperatures are tyres, brakes and shock absorbers, all of which are crucial to keeping a moving vehicle under control and stopping safely.

Driving with tyres with low pressure increases the probability of a blowout by up to 60%, shortens its life by up to 15% and increases fuel consumption by up to 7%.



With the intense external heat, the engine loses up to 15% power and potentially even more as it drives the cooling and air conditioning systems.

The brakes overheat, this in turn can increase consumption of brake fluid and can cause a phenomenon known as “fading”, which reduces the ability to slow the vehicle down.

In order to reduce these factors and keep your vehicle at its optimum, frequent checks of tyres, brakes, shock absorbers, oil, brake and coolant levels, the battery, lights and air conditioning should all be checked regularly, and especially before a long journey.

If this seems like a daunting task then you can always call into your local maintenance garage and ask them to do the checks for you. Many garages already offer a comprehensive summer service, although many drivers don´t realise that this is equally as important as a winter service, and so the heightened risks continue.

Aside from the safety aspects of the vehicle, one common maintenance call during summer is for the failure of air conditioning units. Experts say that these should be checked at least once a year and before the summer, as for most of the cooler months the units lay dormant and can fail over time without being noticed. Sometimes, the presence of an unpleasant odour is an indicator of a failure of the air conditioning.

Air conditioning that is working too hard can not only increase the mechanical strain. An average air conditioning unit will cool the vehicle´s interior to around 22 degrees Celsius, whereas cooling the air to just 20 degrees will increase fuel consumption by up to 20%.

It is also important to ensure that your vehicle is correctly loaded before a summer trip. Remember not to exceed the maximum permitted load, not only for the vehicle, but also for the tyres. Weight should be evenly distributed with heavier items nearest the ground and as near to the centre of the vehicle as possible, without impeding the passenger´s mobility, but maintaining a centre of gravity wherever possible. Once loaded, remember to adjust the tyre pressure as per the manufacturer’s recommendations, and then increase the pressure once the vehicle is unloaded.

Never carry loose items in the interior of the vehicle as these could become projectiles in the event of heavy braking or a collision and can seriously injure, or worse, the occupants of the car. Finally, if carrying a protruding load, remember not to exceed the permitted dimensions, use a V20 warning sign on the rear, and make sure that lights and number plates remain unobstructed at all times.

### Full Timetable of Summer Operations 2016

To make it easier as a reference, here is the schedule of operations on the roads of Spain this summer:

01 July to 03 July - 1ª Operación verano

11 July to 17 July - Intensified checks on vehicle standards

29 July to 01 August - Operación 1º de agosto

12 August to 15 August - Operación 15 de agosto

15 August to 21 August - Intensified checks on alcohol and drug use.

22 August to 28 August - Intensified speed checks.

26 August to 28 August - Operación Retorno del verano

Plus special operations running on every weekend in between.

### Summer Campaign Runs through July and August

During the course of the summer months of July and August, the roads of Spain are expected to carry some 84 million vehicles, 3.5% more than the movements that occurred last summer.

As usual, the busiest periods, and therefore the major traffic plans, are split into a number of operations around the main weekends. The first operation took place during the first weekend of July when 4,050,000 long haul journeys took place, with the main flow of traffic heading away from inland and city areas to the coast and mountainous regions.

Typically, domestic tourists take a two week break from their usual working lives, and so the busiest rimes are ordinarily based around this, starting with the first influx from inland to the coast and mountains, then they return two weeks later as the next batch arrive, and so on, with August typically the busiest month of all. Across the two months, forecasts are for 41 million trips in July and 43 million by August.

In order to keep traffic flowing, the DGT will deploy around 10,000 officers and agents on the ground, including the Guardia Civil Trafico and DGT staff, specialised technicians, conservationists and the emergency coordination teams.

In order to reduce incidents on the roads, 300 sections which have been identified as the most dangerous will be displaying signs warning drivers, and for them to be aware and alert of the factors of the road and the speed of their vehicles. These sections will also be under more surveillance by enforcement officers during the entire campaign.



The DGT has spent a million euro on new mobile cameras which can be carried by traffic police on their motorcycles. These cameras can be placed on a tripod by the side of the road and can be used to create speed check zones at some of the places where conventional radar cars my have posed problems. These new cameras also mean that speed detection zones can be set up at multiple locations along the same route, whereas conventionally the normal practice was for one radar car to cover an entire section of road.

Surveillance by the airborne monitoring Pegasus equipped helicopters will increase. In the first five months of the year 106 people have lost their lives on motorways or highways compared to 70 at the same time last year. Therefore, Pegasus will pay close attention to problems on this type of road, including speeding, maintaining a safe distance, seatbelt use and using a mobile phone.

There will also be three intensified operations during the summer period. The first one aims to monitor the condition of vehicles on our roads. The risk of dying or suffering an injury with hospitalization increases with the age of the vehicle, which is why an increased maintenance schedule is crucial. This campaign will take place from the 11th to the 17th of July.

Coinciding with the fiestas surrounding the 15th of August, and the increase in festivals throughout the country, an intensified campaign monitoring for alcohol and drug use will take place. These checks will be at any time of day and on any roads.

During the week commencing the 22nd of August there will be an increase in checks on speeding vehicles. This will be done using all available equipment and resources to try to clampdown on those who break the law by speeding.

In order to ease congestion, most major road works will be suspended and there will be restrictions on the movement of certain types of goods. Extra lanes will be created in the busiest areas and the Guardia Civil traffic police will be out in force to ensure the safe flow of vehicles.

The advice, as always, is to try to avoid the busiest times, allow extra time for your journey, stay calm and adhere to the laws of the road at all times.

Characteristics of Summer Traffic

Summer traffic has different characteristics to that at other times of year and that must be taken into account:

 	Increased number of long haul journeys on both business days and especially on weekends.
 	Less conflict in the access to large urban areas during peak hours of business days in the entrance and exit to the workplace.
 	Increased vehicle traffic on secondary roads.
 	Intense traffic on roads linking coastal towns and tourist areas of coastline with beaches every day of the week.
 	Increased presence of cyclists and pedestrians on the road.
 	Increased movement throughout the road network of foreign registered vehicles.
 	Increase in the number of sports that use the road for which additional supplementary measures will be in place.

In addition to domestic tourists traveling to coastal areas, keep in mind that Spain is a country of transit for millions of citizens from other European countries who return to their home countries in places such as Africa. Many of them choose Spain as a route to their destination, which is why the government also implemented a special campaign “Paso del Estrecho” from June. More than 600,000 car journeys by road will cross the peninsula.

Add to that the number of international tourists who choose Spain as their holiday destination, some of whom drive to the country, others who hire a vehicle when they arrive.

The combination of the three factors of domestic tourists, those passing through the country, and those who may not be used to driving on these roads, especially when it is one of the busiest times of year, all lead to potential problems.

Patience and planning are key, always driving within the rules and laws and allowing extra time for your journey wherever you go are all vital.

### How do Spanish police tell you they want you to stop your vehicle?

On their official YouTube channel, the Guardia Civil have published a video explaining the actions that patrols will take in order to stop a vehicle on the roadside. We have translated that video into English for you.

This is vital information that everybody should know so please share it amongst your friends.




Below is the transcript of the video to help you.



Amongst their duties, the Guardia Civil is tasked with controlling road traffic to ensure road safety and to prevent the commission of offenses which endanger road users, and provide assistance if necessary.

When an official vehicle wants you to stop, it will display a flashing red light in addition to the blue lights. This red light means you must stop your vehicle by manoeuvring to the right hand side of the road.

You must stop your vehicle in a place where it doen´t cause an increased risk to other road users, it this is not possible, you must continue until you can stop in a safe place.

The patrol will stop their vehicle behind yours. All the occupants of your vehicle must remain inside the vehicle.

The officer will approach you on the right side of your vehicle to notify the reason for stopping you.

Once the officers have finished dealing with you, they will assist you in joining the main flow of traffic.

When stopping a vehicle main factor is safety.

Remember

1 flashing red light indicates that must stop.

2 You must stop the vehicle in a safe area.

3 When stopping, no one should leave the vehicle.

4 When you´re finished, wait for the officers to assist you in joining the flow of traffic.




 

### First Fatality Involving Self-Driving Car

The American National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has opened a preliminary investigation into the death of a person in control of a self-driving vehicle.



The investigation was launched after a collision between a Tesla Model S, which was on “auto-pilot” mode at the time, and a truck, in the U.S. state of Florida in May.

The company revealed the news in a blog post stating how an articulated truck drove across the highways, perpendicular to the Tesla and neither the vehicle nor the driver noticed the approaching truck “against a brightly lit sky” and so the brakes were not applied.

The company were keen to stress that this is the first time a fatal incident has occurred in more than 209 million kilometres driven under the autopilot control. However, under normal motoring, a fatality occurs every 151 million kilometres in the United States, and the investigation is to determine whether the autopilot and the vehicle´s systems worked as expected.

“The autopilot is getting better but it is not perfect and still requires the driver to be alert”, a company spokesperson said. When the autopilot is activated “the vehicle reminds the driver to keep their hands on the wheel and be prepared to take the reins at any time”.

### Happy Birthday to the Penalty Point

This year, the Penalty Point system used to punish bad drivers on Spain´s roads celebrates its tenth birthday.

Adopted on the 1st of July, 2006, it was heralded as a major cultural change in Spanish society, and one that was praised for encouraging road safety and saving lives.



A significant point worth noting is the fact that there has been a significant drop in the number of incidents since its implementation, although this cannot be attributed entirely to the system, the penalty point system is a significant factor in reducing road deaths from 5,000 per year to 1,700.

The system was implemented by José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, the then President of the Spanish government, which was approved unanimously by Congress.

The previous system was based on fines and licence withdrawal, but education did not play a part in making drivers aware of their mistakes. Now, through the penalty system, not only is the system less stringent, it allows for education and a lesser sanction, along with the threat of losing the licence if the driver´s attitude and actions don´t change.

Associations representing the victims of traffic incidents also praised the implementation of the system at the time, as the voice of the victim had never been heard before. Now, a complete awareness of the actions of the driver, and what they mean for the victims, is integral.

During the ten year period, 214,150 people have still lost their licence for violating traffic law. In addition, 8,750 people have had their licence withdrawn twice, and 219 people have lost it three times or more.

In total, of the 25 million drivers currently on the roads in Spain, 7.5 million have lost some points. The main reasons are:

Speeding (46%).

Not wearing a belt speed (11%).

Using a mobile device while driving (10%).

The detection of alcohol and drugs at the wheel.

Not wearing a helmet.

### Things are Not Always What They Seem

When officers from the Guardia Civil thought they were about to file a typical complaint of a driver of a passenger car diving in a restricted lane, they became surprised by what they found whilst processing the complaint.

The vehicle was travelling on the A6 in the direction of Madrid in a lane which can only be occupied by vehicles carrying more than one person, an invention aimed at reducing congestion by encouraging car sharing.

However, one of the officers monitoring the lane observed what was considered an unusual sight for a summer´s evening. The passenger, apparently a child, was wearing a winter coat, hat and headphones.



Whereas the first instinct might have been to question whether the child was allowed to sit in the front seat, upon closer inspection, it soon became clear to the officer that the passenger in the car was not human, but was rather a life-sized doll which was sat in the passenger seat.

Although having dolls in the car can sometimes be used as a deterrent to give confidence to more vulnerable and nervous drivers, the only conclusion that could be drawn from this incident is that the driver was hoping to exploit the lane restrictions by pretending to have a real human passenger in the car with him.

### The First Summer Traffic Flow Operation Starts on Friday

The Spanish road network is gearing up for the start of its busiest periods, as the first weekend of the summer holiday season starts on Friday.



As usual, the busiest periods, and therefore the major traffic operations, are split into three main weekends. The first operation runs from 15:00 on Friday the 1st of July until midnight Sunday the 3rd of July. During this period, there will be an anticipated 4,050,000 long haul journeys on the roads, with the main flow of traffic heading away from inland and city areas to the coast and mountainous regions.

The full timetable of summer operations:

 	1ª Operación verano - Del 1 al 3 de julio
 	Operación 1º de agosto - Del 29 de julio al 1 de agosto
 	Operación 15 de agosto - Del 12 al 15 de agosto
 	Operación Retorno del verano - Del 26 al 28 de agosto
 	Plus special operations running on every weekend in between.

This weekend (1ª Operación verano), across the Valencia region, one of the busiest for holidaymakers, there is expected to be 2,150,000 vehicle movements, 1,100,000 in the province of Valencia, 700,000 in Alicante and 350,000 across Castellón.

The busiest times this weekend are anticipated as being from 16:00 to 21:00 on Friday, between 08:00 and 14:00 on Saturday, and from 16:00 to 21:00 on Sunday.

The most problematic areas are the roads leading directly to tourism hotspots, including much of the N-332 in areas such as Santa Pola, El Altet, Altea and Torrevieja.

In order to ease congestion, most major road works will be suspended and there will be restrictions on the movement of certain types of goods. Extra lanes will be created in the busiest areas and the Guardia Civil traffic police will be out in force to ensure the safe flow of vehicles.

In addition, the road network will be supported by helicopters monitoring traffic, and the cameras situated on most roads.

The advice, as always, is to try to avoid the busiest times, allow extra time for your journey, stay calm and adhere to the laws of the road at all times.

### Roadside Robbers Arrested on A7 Motorway

Officers from the Guardia Civil in Murcia have arrested two people on suspicion of being involved in a spate of robberies on the A7 motorway.



The officers were involved in preventative duties in the Guadalentín area when they were notified of reports of a series of robberies having taken place from rest areas and service stations on the motorway.

Having received the information which allowed them to assess the likely movements of the offenders, officers descended on a number of rest areas and lay in wait.

The strategy soon proved fruitful as one of the patrols observed a vehicle behaving in a suspicious manner in a rest area near to Librilla, with two occupants on board who matched the descriptions of those given by witnesses to the previous crimes.

The officers stopped the vehicle in order to carry out a seemingly routine check and sought to identify the two people on board, whilst also searching their vehicle, where they found various items reported stolen in recent incidents.

The evidence found allowed the officers to arrest the two people on suspicion of robbery with violence and intimidation where they were brought into custody.

The preliminary investigation indicates that at the time of the arrest the two suspects were about to commit a robbery, which was foiled by the officers, but they are attributed as being the alleged authors of two counts of robbery with violence and intimidation, not ruling out its involvement in more crimes.

Those arrested are both male and of Romanian nationality, aged 21 and 20 years, living in the Alicante province and have a background of having committed similar offences. They were subsequently brought before the courts in Totana.

### Multiple ‘Casualties’ Feared after Chemical Spill

Suffering the effects of a major chemical spill is not an incident the emergency services look forward to. Luckily however, it is something they prepare for.



On Tuesday, that is exactly what will be taking place at the site of Fuentes Fertilizantes on the El Saladar industrial zone in the Murcia town of Totana.

The major emergency protocol will be implemented bringing the fire service, Guardia Civil, Police, Civil Defence, Cruz Roja and other emergency services together in a simulation of a chemical spill.

The simulated incident will see the chemical spill threaten to release a toxic cloud in the area, classifying the situation as a “level 3” emergency (leading to potential victims, serious property damage or serious disturbance of the environment over wide area), which will thus activate the external Emergency Chemical Industry Plan Level 1 (incidents which can be controlled with the means of intervention available in the Community requiring measures for the protection of persons, property or the environment).

First on the scene will be the fire service, who will then call for assistance from their colleagues in other emergency services, with the Protección Civil next to arrive. They will broadcast emergency messages through a loud speaker system warning people of the dangers and the actions to take to protect themselves.

A mobile emergency centre will be set up in Totana for measuring air quality whilst an emergency medical tent is also constructed, along with a command unit where representatives of all the attending emergency services will coordinate their activities.

Although the event is a simulation and therefore there will be no risk to the public, there may be some disruption throughout the day as the emergency services go about practising for an incident that everybody hopes will never happen, but one for which everybody will now be prepared.

### Officers Stop Drugged-Up Trucker After 70km Chase

Officers from the Guardia Civil in Murcia detained the driver of an articulated lorry for reckless driving “with conscious disregard for the lives of others” and “under the influence of toxic drugs”.



The arrest didn´t come easy for the officers pursuing the 40 ton truck as the driver made no indication of his intention to stop. In fact, officers gave chase for more than 70 kilometres from Archena to Yecla.

The incident took place last Friday when the traffic officers received an alert from local police in Archena who reported the truck driving through the village of Algaida in an irregular manner, zigzagging, oscillating, and occupying the entire roadway, and having disobeyed repeated signals to stop.

A local police patrol from Archena began following the vehicle, with lights illuminated and siren sounding, but was unable to overtake safely.

The Guardia Civil were waiting at an junction of the A-30 Albacete to Cartagena road, intent on intercepting the vehicle as it slowed down to move through the road network. However, the truck driver still refused to stop and continued along the road with more patrols trying to force the vehicle to slow down and stop, whilst trying to avoid a collision.

As the chase continued, other officers were forced to close the road ahead so as to prevent risk to other road users. Further ahead, a “stinger” device had been deployed which the truck drove over, successfully bursting the tyres.



The truck still continued, albeit at a slower speed on account of the damage, which eventually allowed a daring officer to break a window and board the truck, struggling with the driver, and eventually bringing the vehicle to a standstill, some 70 kilometres after the chase began.

The officers were able to identify the driver as being a Spanish national, aged 40, and a resident of Murcia, presenting clear and obvious signs of intoxication. He was therefore subjected to mandatory alcohol and drugs tests which gave a positive result for cocaine.

The driver was therefore arrested for a number of offences, driving with reckless disregard for the lives of others and driving under the influence of drugs, as well as resistance and disobedience to law enforcement.

The driver appeared in court on Saturday and had his licence withdrawn as a precaution before awaiting a trial date where he faces a lengthy prison term and an even longer driving ban.

### One Drive – Six Distractions

Focussing on the task in hand is the only way of staying as safe as possible when driving, thus, avoiding distractions is crucial to keeping our attention on the roads.

According to a study conducted by BP, Castrol and RACE, more than 15 million drivers on the road are being distracted by manipulating devices in the vehicle.

The information obtained from the 1,145 respondents shows that, on average, a driver performs six actions involving manipulation of elements of the vehicle which can cause a distraction behind the wheel.

These six distractions include accessing the Internet from the vehicle, using a web browser, synchronising devices and searching for objects in the glove compartment. But not only that, only 42% of drivers regularly check their rear view mirror in in place and only 22% check that the driving seat is correctly positioned.

The tested drivers also report that they are unfamiliar with the more complicated controls within their own vehicles, in fact, 95% say that there should be more training on new technologies that are incorporated in their vehicles. The drivers who responded claim that this technology not only causes uncertainty and stress, but it also leads to potentially catastrophic consequences, so much so, lack of knowledge of the vehicle´s own built-in devices was a factor in distracting one in four of every driver.

The drivers were unaware of one of the biggest breakthroughs in safer motoring, ESP, which has been mandatory in all new cars since 2011. Of the drivers surveyed, 44% were aware of the concept but 20% didn´t know if it was installed in their vehicle whereas 58% do not know how it works or what it does.

ESP stands for “Electronic Stability Program”. If your vehicle has ESP® on board, it provides you with two additional active safety systems. ABS or “Antilock Braking System” and TCS, or “Traction Control System”. ABS prevents the wheels from locking during braking whereas TCS prevents the wheels from spinning when starting off and accelerating.

To try to alleviate problems of distractions BP, Castrol and RACE have launched a campaign which will be fed through social networks in Spain, using the hashtag #manosalvolante. The aim being to educate drivers about the importance of keeping attention on driving, and not be distracted by elements that can be found within the passenger compartment. The initiative aims to improve safety on all trips, whether short or long distance, through responsible behaviour.

Within its strategy, the group aims to improve the knowledge among drivers of their vehicles, and incorporating new technologies to help them better understand their operation. To do so, the campaign has the support of Roldán Rodríguez, a Spanish racing driver, who competed in the GP2 Series from 2007 to 2009, who will be offering different advice about the importance of staying focused on the road and vehicle knowledge.

There is also a website, www.manosalvolante.es, where you can find instructional videos, infographics on the main sources of distractions, interviews with personalities, knowledge games, contests on Facebook and special campaigns to be launched through social networks.

Furthermore, within the framework of the campaign, 250 drivers will have the opportunity to receive training in technology and road safety on the Circuito del Jarama racing track in order to get to know the new systems incorporated in the vehicles.

### Keep Cool Whilst Driving

Being comfortable when driving is essential to staying safe on the roads, not because we want to feel particularly relaxed when we drive, but if we feel uncomfortable then the situation itself can lead to distractions, in much the same was as sitting on a hard or lumpy surface might take our attention away.

Similarly, if we start to feel too warm or overheat, that can lead to fatigue, which in turn can lead to a potentially deadly situation when driving.



Firstly, keeping the car cool before we enter it is the best course of initial action. Park your vehicle in the garage if you have one or in the shade, perhaps under a tree or in the shadow of a building. Remember though, the sun moves and so does the shadow, so plan the position of your parked car based on where the most effective shadows will be cast. You also need to be aware that parking directly under trees can result in deposits from birds above or even the sap of the tree itself. This can be particularly problematic if it lands on the windows, so make sure they are clear and clean before you drive.

You can use reflective screens on your windows when the vehicle is parked to reduce the build-up of heat inside. It is quite common for the interior temperature to reach 10 degrees more than the outside very quickly. This is also the problem of leaving dogs, and humans for that matter, inside vehicles. You can also buy shades for the side windows, some stick on the glass on the inside, or you can use a cloth to prevent the sun´s rays from entering. Remember to remove these from the front windows before you drive though.

Opening the windows and even the doors of the vehicle for a few minutes before you are planning to drive will reduce the internal temperature. Remember not to hinder any other road users though by leaving your doors open in the potential path of traffic or pedestrians.

Many modern vehicles are equipped with air conditioning or climate control, both of which serve to keep the inside temperature of the vehicle at a more comfortable level. This should be used to gradually reduce the temperature initially as sudden changes can pose other problems, not least whilst our body adjusts. You should also keep your air conditioning checked and gassed to ensure optimum performance, and have your filters checked on a regular basis. Our friends at Autos Direct in San Miguel can do this for you if you wish, contact them for more details.

Finally, avoiding driving at the hottest time of the day is always recommended. It is also recommended however that you should try to avoid driving during sunrise and sunset, largely because of the position of the sun which can cause extreme glare and dazzle us, which can render us temporarily blind, which is never a good situation to find yourself in when driving. If you do find yourself blinded by the sun, try to bring your vehicle to a gradual halt in a safe position. Sudden movements are very dangerous, and so gentleness is key in such a situation.

Wear comfortable and loose fitting clothing, but always wear appropriate footwear for driving, ensure you plan to stop for frequent breaks and keep yourself topped up with water.

Above all, whatever action you take, always remain calm and alert, it is easier for tempers to become frayed with the heat and incidents of “road rage” to increase. Keep cool, relaxed and alert, be patient of other drivers who may not be as used to the roads as you are, and stay safe in the summer sun.

### Beware of Fire Risks

Spain is currently on a heightened alert status for the risk of forest fires, a devastating phenomenon that can take lives, livelihoods and homes, and a situation which is usually caused by simple neglect.

In Spain, it is estimated that more than 80% of all forest fires are caused by human interaction. In America incidentally the figure is as many as 90%.



Whereas some of those fires are started deliberately, and the reason for those fires is usually down to the individual concerned, the vast majority are caused by accidental ignition, but accidents can be prevented.

The heightened state runs through to the end of October, although there is always the possibility of an extension depending on the weather, and it is a time when everybody is asked to be both alert and vigilant to the risks that any one of us can pose on a regular basis.

According to the Ministry of Environment, Rural and Marine Affairs, of the 21,000 forest fires in Spain last year, 3% were caused by a cigarette butt thrown from a vehicle. Despite the decline in the number of smokers and the public awareness of the risks of fire, it still remains one of the gravest dangers to forests and fields.

It is not only cigarettes however, even litter can pose a risk of fire if discarded by the roadside. In the searing heat of summer it is possible for paper based products to become so hot that the combust, glass can have a magnifying effect and can instantly cause a flame to ignite as the sun´s rays are amplified through it.

It is for that reason that throwing any object from a vehicle is considered such a serious offence. You can be fined 200 euro for doing so and lose 4 points off your license. Become a continual offender and your licence can be withdrawn, as is the case for any road traffic offence of course.

The vehicle itself also poses a risk of fire. As the engine and motor components heat up whilst driving they too become a potential threat. A hot exhaust pipe catching against dry and arid shrubbery for example could quickly become an inferno.

We have spoken before about the “fire triangle” or “combustion triangle”, a simple model for understanding the necessary ingredients for most fires, but it is also important to remind ourselves so we can fully understand the risk of fire. The triangle illustrates the three elements a fire needs to ignite: heat, fuel, and an oxidizing agent (usually oxygen). It´s sometimes simplified into the elements of heat, something to burn and oxygen. The removal of any one of the three elements of the triangle means that fire cannot take place.

Oxygen is present in the air, so there is not a lot we can do about removing that risk. Similarly, there is little that can be done to remove the fuel of forest fires, the dry trees and shrubbery themselves, but there is something we can do about the heat source, the ignition.

Taking all your rubbish home and depositing it in a safe place is one easy task. You probably remember old TV public service announcements about how glass can start a fire, but any litter can be a contributing factor to fire.

Burning embers from summer BBQ´s are a common source of ignition, so these too must be disposed of correctly. It is important therefore to only park your vehicle in authorised and official parking places, and to heed the road signs along the way.

If you do smoke, make sure that you dispose of all of your smoking materials safely and correctly, not just on the ground.

There are a variety of processes implemented to try to reduce the risk of fire, including a ban during the hottest months on farmers and industrial locations starting controlled fires.

If you do spot a fire, or smoke which could soon become a major problem, please contact the 112 emergency centres as soon as possible, where operators are able to speak a variety of languages, including English. If you do speak Spanish and the fire is by the roadside you can also contact the Guardia Civil emergency number on 062. Remember though, before you call, make sure you find out your exact location through street signs, road markers or major landmarks.

Incidentally, the DGT are also supporting the campaign at the moment and have shared a number of educational videos published in the 60´s and 70´s by the forestry directorate. Some of these videos are available on the website and although they may be in Spanish, rather old fashioned looking, and not quite the polished presentation of a Hollywood blockbuster, their message is quite clear.

### Over a Million Vehicles have Defective Tyres

Throughout June we have been focussing on tyre safety and the importance of checking your tyres on a regular basis. However, as well as the regular checks, it is always crucial to do additional checks before and after long journeys, which is why the focus has been during the month leading up to the summer holidays.



Tyres are amongst the most important elements of a vehicle, and the most abused at times, and their quality can quite literally mean the difference between life and death.

However, despite all of the risks and the importance put on tyre safety, it is still anticipated that more than a million vehicles are on the roads of Spain alone with defective tyres.

The Royal Automobile Club of Spain (RACE) in collaboration with GOODYEAR recently performed more than 380,330 technical inspections of vehicles and ITV stations throughout Spain.

Of the 380,330 inspections in 14,744 cases they found tyres with very serious defects. Using that figure as a benchmark, the figure would relate to almost 4% of all of the vehicles on the roads of Spain, some 1.1 million vehicles, the majority of which are passenger cars.

However, proportionally, light vans have a higher percentage of vehicles with a total of 4.8% of all vans on the roads having serious defects.

The most common defects found on the tyres checked were related to good tyre maintenance, normally because of excessive or uneven wear.

We have looked at checking tyres already and we will offer more advice again, but the figures highlight the need to perform regular checks.

For their part, GOODYEAR have produced 100,000 information leaflets which are being distributed through ITV centres and maintenance workshops offering further advice.

Here at N332, we have spoken to our supporters at Autos Direct in San Miguel and they have agreed to check your tyres for defects for free during July, and show you the most important elements you can check on your own. All you have to do is contact Autos Direct and say that you follow N332 and they will perform the checks for you. For more information, visit their website, autosdirect.es and get your tyres checked today.

Here are their contact details...

AutosDirect SL
San Miguel de Salinas
Calle Espliego Pol Ind Lo Quilez Parc 22-23
San Miguel de Salinas
Alicante 03193
(00 34) 966 723 718

### Traffic Officers Injured in Pursuit Crash

Two Guardia Civil traffic officers were injured when their vehicles crashed during a pursuit.



The officers were following a Skoda through the province of Zaragoza for around an hour on Saturday after the vehicle failed to stop at three traffic control points.



The occupants of the vehicle then started to throw items from the car in an attempt to prevent the officers from catching up with them.



The fleeing vehicle eventually crashed into a truck, with one of the patrol cars and a motorbike being damaged in the collision.



Upon approaching the crashed car, officers discovered that the driver, a Polish national, was naked from the waist down and it was his clothes he had been throwing from the vehicle.

One of the officers suffered a broken leg and the other from a collapsed kneecap. The reckless actions of the driver risked the lives of many people on the roads and will be dealt with through the courts.

### Three Killed in Murcia Motorway Crash

Tragedy struck in Murcia this weekend when two cars and two trucks collided on the A-7 motorway in the Monteagudo area near to Cabezo de Torres on Saturday.



The incident occurred at around 14:30 on Saturday afternoon. One of the articulated trucks crashed through the central reservation into the path of oncoming traffic. One of the trucks also burst into flames as a result of the incident.



An investigation is being carried out to ascertain what happened but initial reports suggest that the two trucks collided resulting in the fuel tanks of one of them catching fire. The two cars then collided with the trucks.



Emergency services were quick to attend the scene with a number of victims remaining trapped in the vehicles. The end result was that three people have been killed and four others injured in the tragedy.

The road was closed for most of the day with lane restrictions continuing.

Update: It was announced on Monday that a fourth person,. the second truck driver, had been killed as a result of the incident.

### European Tyre Safety Ratings

In 2012, the European Union made moves to implement new rules on the labelling of tyres for sale. Much like washing machines or fridges, and even properties for sale, an easy indication of the tyre´s characteristics would be displayed on the label, enabling the buyer to choose their product based on such elements as efficiency, safety rating and noise.



The information on the tyre label included roll resistance, graded from “A” which is the best performance, to a “G” rating, the lower end of the scale in tests. Tyres with a higher resistance increase the workload of the engine, in turn leading to higher fuel costs.

Adherence to wet surfaces was also a graded factor on the label, once again graded “A” to “G”, with “A” showing the best performance. Across the spectrum of the rating scale, the braking distance between a grade “A” and a grade “G” tyre may be as much as 18 metres, significantly reducing the chance of avoiding a collision in the event of having to brake in wet weather. Of course, driving skills and ability can also allow for more compensation by increasing the distance between you and the vehicle in front, for example.

Noise level is also included in the tyre rating, again, this can be determined by other factors such as the road itself. In many places, so called “quiet tarmac” has been installed to reduce noise, but the tyre noise rating is based on an average.

When buying new tyres, always check the labelling system to ensure you know the quality of the tyres to be installed on your vehicle. Poor quality may increase risk and with tyre safety, compromise if not an ideal agenda.

### Tyre Load Capacity

Following on from our introduction to checking tyres, we are going to look at some of the elements and details of vehicle tyres and the importance of what they mean.

Knowing how to read a tyre forms part of the driving test in Spain, which is testament to how important the DGT feel the subject is. We have already said that they are arguably amongst the most important elements of a vehicle, and often the most abused, but sadly, they are often the most neglected.

It is important that the vehicle´s tyres are of a high quality, not least because of the wear and tear they suffer, investing that little bit more in a tyre could make the difference between life and death.

We have already detailed what the figures around the tyre mean but we will go over them briefly again as a reminder. If you look at the side of the tyre you will see a sequence which looks something like this sample, “195 / 55 R 16 87V”. Here, “195” refers to 195 millimetres, the nominal section width of the tyre. “55” is 55%, the aspect ratio, representing the height of the tyre sidewall as a percentage of the nominal section width, i.e., in our case, 55% of 195mm. “R” stands for radial construction. “16” is the diameter of the tyre´s inner rim, this time in inches. “87” is the load capacity of the tyre. “V” indicates the maximum permitted speed. There is also the stamp indicating the week number and the year of manufacture.

We want to look specifically at the load capacity of the tyre this time. As the summer holiday season starts, it is quite common for the family car to be loaded up for a long journey cross country, perhaps even across the continent, and the amount of cargo, as well as passengers, often increases compared to our normal daily commute.



That is why we have to ensure that the load capacity of the tyre can handle the extra weight we place in the vehicle. Overloaded vehicles quite literally weigh down on the tyres which can increase the risk of uneven wear and the dangers that poses, but also hugely increases the risk of a “blow out”, which in turn could have fatal consequences.



Sadly, for the average driver, they don´t make it too simple for us to immediately see what the load capacity is, as the number in the code needs to be converted to a weight. In our example, 87V, the tyres can carry a maximum load of 545 kilograms. Keep in mind though, this is the total maximum weight of the vehicle. It also shows why it is important that all the tyres on the vehicle match, as if they are different, the load capacity may be lower.



In our example, the letter “V” refers to a maximum speed of 240 kilometres per hour, but speed limits must be maintained by the road and conditions, rather than the maximum that the tyres can endure.

### Appeal for Stolen Vehicle - Mazarrón

We are asking everybody to be on the lookout for a stolen car.

It is a red Seat Ibiza, 5 doors, similar to the image below, with registration number…
8681 HKG
It was stolen from the Mazarrón Country Club on the 2nd June around 3.30 am.

If you see this vehicle, please contact the Guardia Civil / police.

### Flying the Flag for Euro 2016

With the start of the Euro 2016 football competition, we thought it appropriate to answer one of the questions that often comes up surrounding sporting features, “Can I put a flag on my car?”

The short answer is yes, so long as it complies with certain rules, as the last thing we want is to pose a danger to either ourselves or other road users.

Whether it is of a country, a football team or just a group to which you belong, carrying a flag to show your support is something that many people may consider, but it can also lead to fines from the traffic police if your flag does not comply with the regulations, not because the flag may show support for another country, but because they can lead to danger.

Artículo 14 of the Reglamento Circulacion deals with the distribution of loads, under the heading “Disposición de la carga”. Although a flag may not be considered to be a “load”, because it is an element which is additional to the normal fixtures of the vehicle, then it qualifies as such.

As such, in the interests of safety, anything carried on a vehicle must not drag fully or partially, fall or move dangerously, interfere with vehicle stability, produce noise, dust or other problems that can be avoided and must not hide the lighting and signals, number plates or anything else which could interfere with manual warnings of the drivers.

Anything which is placed outside the vehicle when it is moving will produce drag. Cars and road vehicles are designed through extensive testing in wind tunnels in order for them to minimise this.

Quite clearly, if a flag is of a large enough size, it will produce considerable drag. It may well interfere with the view of lights, number plates and other fixtures, and could blow or fall into the path of other road users, and is a risk in terms of becoming loose or entangles in either the vehicle carrying it, or others.

Therefore, quite clearly, large flags are not allowed. However, there are smaller, purpose built flags which are permitted. These are often seen attached to the windows of vehicles, or sometimes as part of the main structure, such as one might see in a Presidential limousine.



Similarly, there are other accessories available which can be fitted to a vehicle safely, such as covers for the wing mirrors, so long as the active view of the mirror is not obscured.



A flag draped or tied across the bonnet or roof, or any part of the vehicle, would not be permitted, nor would covers to the sun visors, which could interfere with the visibility of the driver.

There are some exceptions to this rule when a road is closed to normal traffic, such as when an organised parade is taking place, at which time, larger flags are permitted.

If you do wish to display a flag on your car during normal driving conditions, take into account the size of the flag as there are no approved flags for use on the car, and small enough to not pose any kind of risk. If you do this, your patriotism can be displayed for all to see, but fall foul of the law and the consequences will be a considerable financial burden.

If you would like to practice your Spanish whilst thinking about this rule, here is the extract from the Reglamento Circulacion.
Artículo 14 Disposición de la carga

La carga transportada en un vehículo, así como los accesorios que se utilicen para su acondicionamiento o protección, deben estar dispuestos y, si fuera necesario, sujetos de tal forma que no puedan:

 	
a) Arrastrar, caer total o parcialmente o desplazarse de manera peligrosa.

 	
b) Comprometer la estabilidad del vehículo.

 	
c) Producir ruido, polvo u otras molestias que puedan ser evitadas.

 	
d) Ocultar los dispositivos de alumbrado o de señalización luminosa, las placas o distintivos obligatorios y las advertencias manuales de sus conductores.

### Intensified Alcohol and Drugs Checks This Week

All of this week, the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by National, Regional and Local police forces, will be carrying out extensive checks on alcohol and drug use on the roads of Spain.



The campaign runs until Sunday an coincides with a coordinated campaign through the European traffic police network, TISPOL, which will also see intensified tests on the roads of other countries across the continent.

For their part, the Guardia Civil intend to carry out at least 25,000 alcohol and drugs tests each day until Sunday.

The main goal is to detect and deal with habitual offenders, who get behind the wheel on a regular basis whilst having consumed alcohol or drugs. The latest figures extracted from the most recent data available suggests that there may be around 12,000 drivers who met this continually dangerous criteria.

So far this year, the figure of those detected is approaching 100,000 drivers who not only risk their own but the lives of many innocent victims who all too often leave the scene of the carnage facing a life dealing with serious injuries and, on too numerous occasions, leaving the friends and families of loved ones having to deal with their death.

According to the annual report of the National Institute of Toxicology, the 39.09% of deceased drivers displayed the presence of alcohol or drugs in their blood. The figure rises to 40% when pedestrians are analysed.

Even the smallest amount of alcohol or drugs can affect driving ability and so, despite Spain having considerably lower maximum limits than countries such as the UK, the best advice is always zero consumption before getting behind the wheel.

### Al Andalus Car Hire Help N332

Through their collaboration with the N332 Road Safety Project, Al Andalus Car Hire wanted to try to help the local charities we work with, and thanks to their help, the children at Elche Children´s Home face a summer of fun and excitement with their brand new PlayStation games console.

David Baker, the boss of Al Andalus Car Hire, gave up a week in one of his rental properties, offering the money he received to the project.

With that money, N332 purchased a Play Station games console, memory card and 20 of the top games so that the children can be entertained through the summer and beyond.



It is thanks to our supporters that we are able to extend that help to local needy causes and we thank Al Andalus Car Hire for their help.



If you would like to know more about their service, visit the website, alandaluscarhire.com, and we hope you will support and thank them for their contribution on our behalf.

If you run a business and would like to offer your support as a sponsor, email admin@n332.es and we will get back in touch with you.

### Political Pressure for N-332 Widening at Torrevieja

Members of the regional socialist party, Herick Campos y Antonia Moreno, accompanied by local PSOE councillors, visited Torrevieja this week to look at one of the most problematic roads in the entire area, the N-332 as is passes through Torrevieja.



The stretch of road is one of the few sectors which was not widened under recent changes to the road network, and yet it is one of the busiest sections of the coastal road.

The seven-kilometre stretch not only serves as a bottleneck for traffic, it is also the location of a number of serious and fatal incidents in recent years.

Campos recalled that the previous national socialist government invested 28 million euro in widening schemes in the surrounding towns, and also explained how the former local mayor, Eduardo Dolón, had said that the widening work would commence in 2015, although nothing has ever begun after state investment was postponed until at least 2018.

With a new socialist led government regional government in Valencia, investment has started to be allocated to various projects around the area, such as the outstanding emergency coordination centre on the Orihuela Costa, and as such they intend to campaign for the work to widen the road to become a priority.

Moreno, facing the next general election said that “it is a firm commitment of the PSOE to ensure the widening as soon as possible”.

### Toll Avoider Convicted by Court

A judge has ruled in favour of a toll road operating company after a campaign was launched across Spain to encourage drivers to refuse to pay for using the payment required motorway network.

This is the first time a driver has been prosecuted through the courts for continual none payment of tolls, resulting in the driver being condemned to pay 358 euro plus interest for continually refusing to pay.



The orchestrated campaign under the slogan “no vull pagar”, encouraging drivers to refuse to pay, spread through social network sites after a number of drivers believed the fees to be unfair on account of the huge debts owed by the operators to the public purse. In the ruling, the judge has confirmed that the toll road operators are justified in charging for the use of the network in order to offset the costs of construction, management and maintenance.

In this particular case, the driver had avoided paying tolls on 60 occasions between April and August of 2012, on the C-32 and AP-7 motorway. The defendant admitted during the trial to have joined the network with “no intention of paying” but claimed to have only done so on 8 occasions. The evidence provided by the concessionaire showed that there were many more: 56 in the case of the barriers of the C-32 and 4 in the case of the AP-7.

Therefore, the man, who lives in Barcelona, must pay 358 euros plus interest to the operator, as well as paying the legal fees. Of the 358 euro, 318 corresponds to the amount of tolls not paid at the time and 40 are by way of damages for administrative expenses.

### Intelligent Road Signs

A new wave of road signs in being installed across much of the main road network in Spain, all part of a multimillion euro investment scheme to make the roads safer.

On the infamous N-332 around Torrevieja we have already seen illuminated signs offering more protection at roundabouts. Arrows which flash in the direction of movement and triangular signs that flash orange to warn us of the approaching hazard are just some of the signs that drivers have been getting used to for some time.

This week, intelligent signs have been installed in one of the most problematic areas in terms of congestion, in the single-line section as the N-332 passes Torrevieja, which both monitor the flow of traffic on the roads and then communicate with each other to warn approaching drivers of queues ahead.

The standard P-31 warning signSensors monitor traffic flowThe sensor then sends the information to the signsThe signs receive the informationThis sign then illuminates and flashesUnder normal conditions the sign is blank

As you can see from the pictures, these sign groups have two units, one which is the detector, the other the receptor and warning sign. When traffic flows freely the signs look like nothing more than a black square. But, when traffic is detected, the square displays an electronic version of the triangular P-31 road sign, warning of congestion, with flashing orange lights to attract attention.



These are not the only intelligent signs being installed on the network. In other areas of Spain a number of junctions have already had warning systems installed which tell drivers on the main carriageway that there is a vehicle at a junction ahead on a minor road likely to join or cross the flow of traffic.



Sensors built into the road, similar to those used to monitor traffic flow, become aware of the presence of a vehicle at the junction. They are able to identify the size and type of vehicle, if needed, and then send the information to the warning sign located on the main carriageway, almost offering an extra set of eyes to the driver and the theoretical ability to see beyond bends and buildings ahead, thus reducing the surprise factor and, hopefully, reducing the risk.



It is known under the name of “sistema de advertencia dinámica en intersecciones”, or “dynamic junction warning system”, which uses low-cost technology to exchange information between the vehicle, infrastructure and back to the vehicle, and so commonly known as “V2V”, the aim being to warn of the proximity of vehicles at junctions.

Jaime Moreno, deputy director of Mobility at the Directorate General of Traffic (DGT), explains that, “when the system detects the presence of a vehicle approaching the intersection, this situation activates the alert signal for vehicles traveling the main stem, with preference through the junction, so they can know well in advance this circumstance, adjusting their speed and taking extreme care”.

So far, there are four locations in Spain where the system has been installed, chosen because of their high incident rate. Two of them, located in the provinces of Madrid and León, are also in locations known for their concentration of a high number of incidents.

The locations are: Leon (in the N-VI, at kilometre 399); Madrid (also in the N-VI, pk 56); Navarra (N-113, pk 78) and A Coruña (N-634, pk 676). In these four locations, between 2012 and 2014, a total of 48 crashes occurred, resulting in the loss of 3 lives and injury to another 47 people.

### 1,688 Deaths on the Roads

The Spanish government has released the latest road fatality statistics, revealing that in 2015, a total of 1,688 people have been recorded as losing their lives on the roads of Spain, the same number as in 2014. However, there were 9,503 people seriously injured, which has dropped slightly from the 9,574 in 2015.

The Undersecretary of the Ministry of Interior, Luis Aguilera, revealed the figures at a road safety and sustainability conference, and covers the main road network throughout the country, except Catalonia and the Basque Country.

In view of these results, Luis Aguilera has expressed the need to continue working with municipalities in general and with the police and those responsible for traffic Basque Country and Catalonia to ensure that the reduction in casualties occurs across all regions.

### Tragedy at Gandia

A woman, believed to be in her fifties, was killed on Monday in a head-on collision on the N-332 main road in the Gandia area, north of Alicante.



The victim was the sole occupant of the vehicle which collided with an oncoming truck in a location known as the curvas de Sant Joan at around 8 in the morning.

The impact was so great that the victim´s vehicle was almost destroyed outright, killing the driver instantly.

The Guardia Civil traffic police rushed to the scene, along with fire fighters and medics, who carried out an extraction whilst the road was closed for some time.

The traffic police are now investigating the incident to ascertain which of the two vehicles invaded the opposite carriageway so as to determine the cause of the crash, and ascertain what other factors may have contributed to the tragedy.

### Drunk Driver in Lane Confusion!

A drunk driver seemingly became confused over which lane to approach Torrevieja off the N-332 main road on Monday, instead choosing the cycle lane.


Unfortunately, as the cycle lane is not designed for the purpose of carrying cars, the vehicle came to an abrupt stop. The Guardia Civil attended the scene and found the driver to have consumed an excessive amount of alcohol and now faces the consequences of those actions, lucky to have not killed anybody in the process.


The damaged vehicle had to be recovered from the scene by a tow truck.

### Tyre Safety Checks We Can All Do

Tyres are arguably one of the most important elements of a vehicle, however they are often so easily neglected, despite the abuse they can face on a regular basis.



On a daily basis they are worn down through normal use, have to withstand heat and cold and are often bashed by potholes and kerbs, it is no real surprise that they can become easily damaged.

It is for that reason that we must educate ourselves to pay more attention to our tyres, so that we can get the best out of them, and the safest driving experience possible.

It is important that our tyres have sufficient tread to enable them to maintain contact with the road surface in any weather conditions. The grooves in the tyres are used to displace surface content to ensure the tyres grip the road, and so it is only if there is enough of a gap for that surface material, water for example, to go into that the tyres remain efficient.

The minimum tread depth of a tyre is 1.6 millimetres across the central ¾ of the tread around the complete circumference of the tyre. Many vehicle manufacturers recommend replacing at 3 millimetres. At 1.6 millimetres in wet weather it takes an extra two car lengths (8 metres) to stop at 50 mph than if your tread was 3 millimetres. Over or under inflated tyres will cause uneven wear and so the tread might also be uneven, possibly deeper on one side than the other.

We can and should check the tyres on a regular basis to ensure that they are at their optimum inflation and with consistent tread. We need to get close to the tyre and look at each one of them separately. Firstly, we can feel around each tyre with our hands, including the sides, feeling for anything that doesn´t seem correct, such as bubbling or even items protruding from the tyre. It is possible for example for a tyre to contain a nail but the nail is plugging the hole it has made and so deflation can be very slow, despite this potentially dangerous situation.

As we look around each tyre we should also check the tread. If the tyre is under inflated then there may be more wear towards he edges of the tyres. If a tyre is over inflated there could be more wear in the centre. As we work our way around the tyre we should also look within the tread pattern for ridges between the tread. These are called the Principle Grooves and are indicators of tyre wear.

We should check each tyre individually, including the spare, to make sure that the tread wear is consistent and sufficient. We should also check the tyre pressure, although we may have to go to a local service station to do this. Most modern vehicles have a plate stuck to them, often on or near the door, which indicated the optimum pressure under normal driving conditions. If not, you might have to check your manual. You should always check tyre pressure when they are cold.



The tyres themselves also contain a series of numbers and letters which reveals a wealth of technical information. The tyres your vehicle is fitted with are registered on your ITV card, although you can change them for another size with a tolerance up to 3% from the size you have on your ITV card.

If you look at the side of the tyre you will see a sequence which looks something like this sample, “195 / 55 R 16 87V”. Here, “195” refers to 195 millimetres, the nominal section width of the tyre. “55” is 55%, the aspect ratio, representing the height of the tyre sidewall as a percentage of the nominal section width, i.e., in our case, 55% of 195mm. “R” stands for radial construction. “16” is the diameter of the tyre´s inner rim, this time in inches. “87” is the load capacity of the tyre. “V” indicates the maximum permitted speed.



Another code stamped onto the tyre reveals the month and year of manufacture. For example, a code “4108” indicates that the tyre was manufactured in week 41 of the year 2008. There are many cheap tyres on offer for sale which, when you look closely, might well be very old tyres. This is something to be very conscious of, especially as the recommendations are that tyres should be replaced at least every 5 years, so you might not be aware that you are replacing your tyres with those already older than the recommendation.



Because of the importance of tyres and the functions they perform, it is always worthwhile spending that little extra effort, time and even money to ensure they are correct. Garages like Autos Direct in San Miguel will be able to check your tyres for you, if you have any doubt, and can recommend any remedial action you might need to take. However, it is also crucial that we each perform the basic checks mentioned here on a regular basis, at least monthly and every time before a long journey to ensure our vehicles are safe and at optimum performance for fuel efficiency.




 

### N332 MEET RBL

Members from the N332 project attended the Orihuela Costa Branch of the Royal British Legion last week to give their last presentation on road safety before the summer break.



There was yet another full house of RBL members and guests who welcomed the N332 Team, Francisco Morales and Mark Nolan as they discussed many of the common problems that expat drivers are faced with when they move to Spain.

Mark had the audience attention right from the start with his opening remark, ‘This is how you identify an unmarked police car.’ But the subject was covered for good reason, as a result of the increasing amount of car crime involving motorists being stopped by bogus Guardia Officers which is gradually spreading into the area.

The pair then covered matters including distraction theft and many of the more obvious matters such as vehicle documents, footwear, warning triangles and the necessary security of passengers, pets and loads in moving vehicles.

Accompanying the two speakers on the night were Nicolas Bradford, the occasion being used to present the former West Midland Traffic Policeman with a token of appreciation for his help with the N332 project, and Paul Piccio, the President of C.L.A.R.O. who attended the event as part of his wish to find out more about local clubs and groups operating on the Costa Blanca.

The N332 team already have a number of presentations lined up for after the summer, as well as other events they will be attending. Remember to keep checking the website, n332.es, for more information.

### Officers Injured Pursuing Burglary Suspect

Two Guardia Civil officers were injured on Sunday when their vehicles crashed in the centre of Torrevieja whilst attempting to apprehend a suspect believed to have committed an act of burglary.



Several patrols were in the area following the burglary in the Los Locos area of the town. The officers were searching for the suspect who had tried to evade capture having suffered a puncture in his escape vehicle and so continued on foot.

The two injured officers were involved in a crash at the junction of Calle María Parodi and Calle Caballero de Rodas, one vehicle colliding with a tree, the second with a column.

The officers were taken to Torrevieja hospital with one having suffered a neck injury, the other with bruises.

The fleeing suspect was captured and arrested.

### We Save Lives Reflections from Inside

This innovative awareness campaign video aims to serve as a reminder of the dangers and repercussions of drinking or using drugs and driving.

### Wrong-Way Driver Had No Money For Toll

A Romanian man who drove his vehicle carrying his wife and two children in the opposite direction on the AP-7 motorway last week justified his actions by saying that he had no money to pay the toll.

The man had driven his vehicle along the AP-7 and arrived at the toll booths at La Zenia. Unable to pay the toll, he decided to turn his vehicle around and drive 8 kilometres in the opposite direction before the Guardia Civil intercepted him at kilometre 755 in the San Miguel area of the Alicante to Cartagena motorway.

The man wasted tested for alcohol and drugs, both of which were negative, and gave the explanation to the arresting officers. Despite his actions, it is believed that there was no immediate risk to other road users at the time.

There is an established protocol in place for dealing with drivers who have no immediate means of payment. In this circumstance, the toll booth operator would take a copy of the driver´s identity documents and the vehicle´s details and issue a notice to the driver with details of a bank account to pay into within a specified time. Failure to pay would then result in the driver being reported for an offence. Repeat offenders face having their vehicle immobilised until the Guardia Civil arrive to deal with the driver. However, in genuine cases, if payment is made in time, there is not likely to be any future issues.

### Types of Hazards and How to Avoid Them – Part 2

Obstacles in the Road

There are countless items that could find themselves in the road and pose a problem to vehicles. Fallen trees, items fallen from vehicles, rocks and boulders, parked cars, the list is almost endless, but one thing we must be aware of is that if we have to invade the opposite lane in order to pass the obstruction then we must give way to oncoming vehicles and only pass when safe to do so.



Permanent Road Features

It is vital that we pay attention to our surroundings constantly. Not only reading and observing the physical signs on a road such as the maximum permitted speed limit or warnings of hazards ahead, but also of the physical characteristics of the road itself. Look for junctions, narrow streets, dangerous bends, elevation changes and dips, blind corners and merging traffic. Remember that road signs are there to help us and are indicative of a number of reasons why we must react to the conditions, but road signs are not present for every hazard on the road, we must look out for those ourselves.

Parking

When parking your vehicle, always choose a location that is safe, legal and convenient. Respect distances between vehicles, look for signs or signals that prevent or restrict parking. Be careful when opening your door, look in the mirrors and around the vehicle for approaching road users such as cyclists, motorbike, pedestrians or other cars.

Reversing Vehicles

We should always try to avoid reversing wherever possible as our field of vision is significantly reduced. Reversing into a parking bay makes it safer and more convenient for leaving, and reversing from a minor road to a major road should always be avoided. The manoeuvrability of the vehicle may be compromised as the driver becomes confused during a revering manoeuvre. Pressure and added stress can also lead inexperienced drivers to make mistakes when reversing. If you see a vehicle carrying out a reversing move allow extra space and time.

Vehicles Turning Left or Right

Be aware that the vehicle in front of you may wish to turn. Although we hope that the vehicle´s lights are working and that the driver will carry out the correct procedure for junctions, this is not always the case. Allowing sufficient space between you and the vehicle in front allows you more time to react in the event of something happening. Look out for the vehicle in front slowing down or moving to the left or right of the lane and look out for hand signals from the driver.

Novice Drivers

Remember that each and every one of us were once a learner driver, and then we became loose on the roads as a novice. Driving soon becomes habitually second nature, hopefully with good habits rather than bad, but novice drivers still lack the experience to react to situations they are not used to. Be patient and give them the time to learn in a safe manner.

Heavy Vehicles

Because of their size and weight, large vehicles are more difficult to manoeuvre. They need to make wide turns, especially in tight junctions and roads. Even, depending on its length and shape of the junction, they may invade other lanes.

They are usually slower in performing normal movements and their speed may be affected by hills and inclines. Allow extra space and time near these vehicles and pay attention to the potential blind-spot risks to the driver. If you can´t see their mirrors, they can´t see you.

Slow and Priority Vehicles

Be extremely cautious when approaching a vehicle with emergency lights. You may find construction machinery, garbage trucks, transport of dangerous goods, damaged vehicles or those performing maintenance on the road which are travelling at a much reduced speed than ours.

We must give way to priority vehicles traveling with light flashing to an emergency, slowing or even stopping to the right of the roadway if necessary, but we must never endanger other road users.

Animals

Animals in the road pose a major risk, especially in countryside areas where they be unaware of the dangers their presence might be posing to traffic. Drive slowly and always respect distance, because animals are unpredictable and can be startled. Any animal poses a risk, especially if loose. They usually run at a relatively slow speed, so they can sometimes even force us to stop.

 

### Guardia Civil Traffic Officer Killed on Duty

An officer from the Guardia Civil traffic section based in Valladolid was killed in the line of duty on Wednesday on the A-62 near to urbanización El Montico, in Burgos.



The 112 emergency coordination centre received an urgent call at 17:17 from the Guardia Civil saying that one of their officers had been hit by a vehicle and required urgent medical assistance.

The officer, who was 56 years of age and with the initials D.A.N., was riding with his colleague behind a slow moving truck which was having difficulties.

A car driver failed to notice the hazard ahead and crashed into the motorbike, knocking the officer from his vehicle and running over him on the road.

Emergency assistance was immediately dispatched but an emergency intensive care unit was stood down after the officer had been confirmed to have lost his life at the scene.

### Traffic Patrol Bike Crushed by Truck

A Guardia Civil traffic officer had a lucky escape on Monday when a truck crashed into the motorbike patrol vehicle in Castellón.

The initial hypothesis from the scene was that the driver of the articulated lorry was distracted and crashed into the motorcycle.

Fortunately, on this occasion, neither the officer nor the truck driver were seriously injured.

### Types of Hazards and How to Avoid Them – Part 1

Every time we get behind the wheel of a car we are about to embark on a journey, not just the one that takes us from A to B, just a journey where our fate may well lie in the hands of others, and the differing dynamics of the road environment.

Every journey is different and that is why we must take the same precautions every single time. Complacency can lead to a heightened risk and travelling over the same route day in, day out, can lull us into a false sense of security.

Here, we are going to look at some of those hazards we might meet when we are out for a regular drive, and what we can do to reduce the risk in the event of coming across them.

Pedestrian Crossings

When approaching a pedestrian crossing we must look to both sides to see if there is anybody waiting to cross. We must slow down on approach and stop to give way and allow them to cross. We must also be conscious of anything that might be blocking our clear view of the crossing, and the pedestrian´s view of the road, such as parked cars, adjusting our speed appropriately. Remember, if the pavement or road is wet or icy, we need more time to slow down.



Children and Young People

It is important to pay close attention to children and young road users as they may have no real awareness of the dangers of the road, and might cross without taking any precautions. Look out for tell-tale signs of being near areas where children might play, such as parks, gardens and even shops. Look out also for objects in the road or on the pavement such as bikes or balls, as these might take precedence in the mind of a child oblivious to the road dangers.

Many young people can also become hazards without realising, and countless documented accounts would testify to that. Look out for people wearing headphones, perhaps listening to music and less aware of their surroundings. Texting and using a mobile phone whilst walking also causes a distraction and might well lead to pedestrians unknowingly walking into the road. Allow extra space and slow down in areas where young people might be present.

School Zones

Roads passing near schools may display a warning sign indicating the potential presence of children. In these areas, a heightened attention is vital, not only because of the risk of children in the road but in these areas it is increasingly common to see vehicles double-parked or illegally parked, as the risks associated with such a volatile area are increased significantly by drivers choosing to ignore the laws relating to parking, and putting children at an increased risk. It is important to be very careful because a child may appear unexpectedly. Maximum permitted speed limits are also likely to be reduced in these areas.

The Elderly and Disabled

Look out for older people near to the road. These senior citizens sometimes suffer mobility problems, might be helped by walking sticks, and could be unsteady on their feet. They may suffer hearing or vision impairments and their special awareness and alertness may not be as acute as others. The same applies to those with assisted mobility, such as wheelchair users. Although they are being helped to move, their manoeuvrability may be compromised. It is also important for drivers to exercise patience and allow more time for those who need it to cross the road safely.

Adults

We have covered the young and the old but we mustn´t forget those in between. Adults walking onto the road can also be a potential hazards. Crossing at inappropriate places, between parked cars or dustbins, crossing diagonally and rushing to go about their business can all mean that adults too can enter the road without warning.

Parents with pushchairs are another problem for road users, as a pushchair is manoeuvred onto the road whilst the adults wait at what they consider to be an appropriate place with good visibility, whilst the baby is pushed closer to the danger zone in doing so.

Traffic Officers

Traffic wardens, mobility agents, police, Guardia Civil and other state forces work tirelessly to ensure our safety. Therefore, it is not uncommon for them to be in the road directing traffic or performing a special control. It is mandatory to act on the instructions given by people controlling traffic.

Cyclists

Cyclists are one of the most vulnerable groups of road users. When you go to overtake, make sure you leave the minimum 1.5 metre gap between your vehicle and the cycle, look for signs and signals given by the rider, and look at the road ahead. Make sure you can safely overtake and return to your own lane in good time, and look for any potential hazards to the cyclist such as potholes or other obstacles which may cause the rider to deviate from the bike´s course.

Motorbikes

Motorbikes are also a high risk and vulnerable group. Similar to bicycles, motorbikes may encounter obstacles on the road that cause them to lose balance. Plus, as motorbikes are likely to be travelling at a higher speed by pushbikes, the potential risk is much higher in the event of an impact as the rider´s body would absorb much of the physical shock.

### Torrevieja Superbikes Take to the Road

The Guardia Civil Trafico in Torrevieja have taken to the roads on their new superbikes this week, patrolling between San Pedro and Alicante on their brand new Yamaha FJR 1300´s.



The FJR 1300 offers 141.5 hp and a top speed of around 240 kilometres per hour, although is considered more fuel efficient under normal road speed conditions.

The vehicle is factory adapted with a single seat and panniers to carry the equipment needed on their daily patrols, and has adapted handlebars to enable the rider to sit upright, rather than in the stooped, racing position.

The bikes are equipped with sirens and lights and carry a fire extinguisher. They also have fixed holders and brackets for the PDA personal digital assistant and printers, so that nothing moves whist the bike is in motion. In addition, the officers carry documents to enable them to make reports when there is a minor incident.

There will be more of these superbikes taking to the roads across the country over the next few months so keep your eyes peeled and you just might see them patrolling in your area.

### Flip-Flops Found in Manchester Fatal Crash Vehicle

One of the most common questions that is asked as the weather warms up is whether drivers are allowed to wear flip flops behind the wheel.

We have answered the question in some detail here, and although our focus is normally on the roads of Spain, we thought it might be appropriate to visit Manchester in the UK for a tragic story.



Greater Manchester Police are investigating how a car smashed into a wall, killing a girl of nine, whilst her father, 45, and sister, aged eleven, remain in a serious condition in hospital as result of the crash on Saturday.

Now, during the course of the investigation, officers have confirmed that a pair of flip-flops or sandals have been found in the driver´s foot well of the Toyota Auris, and are examining whether the shoes may have become wedged in the controls as the vehicle approached a set of traffic lights.

The officers are looking at whether the driver was wearing them, although “It’s one of a range of other possible lines of enquiry,” said the spokesman. GMP said in a statement: “The driver, due to his own serious injuries, has not yet been able to provide a full account of what happened”.

Picture credit to Steve Allen and Manchester Evening News. You can read more about this fatal incident on their website here.

### Meet TrafficEye, The New Eye on the Road

As all technology advances, so does the manner that devices can be put to good use by helping others, and, in the case of some, saving lives.

Meet Traffic Eye from Tradesegur, an intelligent camera capable of spotting if a driver is using a mobile and if everyone is wearing a seat belt.



The system is live across the entire road network of Spain, with hundreds of these intelligent eyes keeping a check on every vehicle that passes..

TrafficEye and its cousin MultiRadar C, offer the most advanced technologies that are currently available for monitoring traffic, which not only check and report speeding motorists, but also other safety critical traffic violations such as not wearing a seatbelt, children and animals not properly restrained, using a mobile phone or electrical device whilst driving, and checking with the established databases to see if your vehicle is correctly insured.

Prior to these devices, only Pegasus equipped helicopters could monitor the roads so closely. Now, thanks to TrafficEye, the roads can be monitored around the clock because these devices also work at night.

### Guardia Civil Trafico - 20th anniversary of its Traffic School



### The Hazards of Distracted Driving

Safe driving takes all our concentration. Don´t be distracted when you drive.

### Emergency Call System for Motorcycles

BMW has developed an emergency contact system for motorbikes which, similar to the eCall system for cars, will automatically summon assistance in the event of a crash.



eCall is expected to save some 2,500 lives per year on the roads as emergency response times will be drastically cut by up to 50%, reducing the threat of delay during that all too crucial “golden hour”.

Now, BMW have developed the system for motorbikes which use a series of sensors to detect if the angle of the vehicle, if it has fallen over, the speed and sudden change, and the severity in the event of an impact.

Having already had equipment on cars for a decade, BMW are also extending the system to allow passengers or witnesses to summon assistance by means of a help button, and the equipment will be installed in all new motorbikes sold by the company from next year.

As well as the anticipated 2,500 lives expected to be saved, the roll-out of the system on all new vehicles from 2018 is also expected to save millions in damage and medical bills.

### Ibex Insurance Celebrating 5 Years in La Zenia

IBEX Insurance will be celebrating the fifth anniversary of their La Zenia store on Friday, and members of the N332 team will be going along to join in the fun.

The party will be from 4 in the afternoon until 7 and there will be special goody bags on offer for those who attend, plus a prize competition where you can win a 100 euro shopping voucher.

There will be a birthday cake by Cake Magic in San Pedro, nibbles, finger food, bubbly, wine and soft drinks, and more.

Plus, the Ibex team will be on hand to answer insurance related questions.

The N332 team will be there for about an hour from 5, so you are welcome to come along and meet us. We will also be giving away car stickers for those attending the event as part of the goody bag booty.

The La Zenia branch of Ibex Insurance is located in Res Zenia Sol II, C / Flores 1, Bajo 3, la Zenia, 03189 Orihuela Costa, Alicante. For more information, and of course if you are interested in asking for a quote, you can call 966 761 575, or visit their website, ibexinsure.com.

We look forward to meeting you on Friday afternoon.

### New Seven Point Plan for Road Safety

Spain´s Interior Minister, Jorge Fernández Díaz, has announced a seven-point action plan for the roads of the country which are aimed at significantly reducing the number of casualties on the roads.

In order to implement the plan, the government will allocate 7.2 million euro in funding towards the life saving measures.

The announcement was main when the minister attended the 20th anniversary celebrations of the Guardia Civil Traffic School in Mérida, Badajoz.

Whilst praising the work of the men and women of the Guardia Civil Trafico, the minister pointed out how more than 9,100 officers who are dedicated to the service are a “fundamental tool for road safety policies of the Government developed through the DGT”.

So far this year, there have been 295 fatal incidents on interurban roads in which 349 people died. In just 3 incidents, there have been 25 fatalities. Given those statistics, the government unveiled the package of measure to reduce these statistics.

Specifically, the plan will increase attention on three distinct area, conventional roads, motorcycles and vans.

On conventional roads last year 913 people lost their lives, many of those were involved in head-on collisions. As for motorbikes, the death count increased by 49 last year, and so the new measures are aimed at achieving better behaviour from bikers and improving coexistence with other road users. In the third group, vans, there has also been a significant increase in the number of fatal incidents which also require measures to achieve safer behaviours.

Here is the seven point plan in more detail.

 	Rumble Strips

Some 3,000 kilometres of roads will have “rumble strips” installed on both the hard shoulders and the central lane markings to avoid vehicles leaving the road and colliding with those coming in the opposite direction. These will be similar to those installed recently on the N-332 in Torrevieja, itself a known incident blackspot, and for which 5 million euro has been assigned. The completion of this element is expected to be within 5 months.



 	Limiting overtaking on certain conventional roads

As overtaking is one of the most dangerous manoeuvres that can be carried out on the open road, this will be restricted in more areas.

Again, similar to what was recently implemented on the N-332 in Torrevieja, the solid double white lines would be reinforced with wider and marked lines whenever possible.

This too will take around 5 months to complete and the 1 million euro budget will reinforce 1,000 kilometres of road, with an estimated reduction of 20 deaths per year. In 2015, 217 people died in head-on collisions.



 	Treatment of dangerous intersections

Junctions can be some of the most dangerous areas on the road network. Vehicles cross and interact with those already moving, which can be a significant risk to all. Last year, 20% of injury incidents occurred at intersections on conventional roads and 134 people died in side-impact collisions.

Part of this plan will involve the installation of warning signs on the approach to key junctions, specifically those where visibility might be impaired.

With another million euro set aside for this, it is also expected to save 20 lives each year.



 	Pedestrian crossing signals

A number of illuminated warning signs will be installed on pedestrian crossings, advising drivers to be aware. These signs will be the standard triangular (P-20) warning signs with orange lights at each point.

A total of 100,000 euro has been set aside for 100 signs in 50 areas over the next seven months. It is hoped that this measure will save 10 lives per year, reducing from the 113 people killed in 2015.



 	Monitoring and control of excesses of speed night, border traffic and delivery vans

The Interior Minister explained that the implementation of this action is based on the continued planning of campaigns on a monthly basis to increase controls at night, on routes frequented by such vehicles.

These controls would see vehicles stopped and their occupants identified whilst also testing for alcohol and drug use, and the correct documentation, including ITV and insurance.

The estimated budget for this action is 30,000 euro and should reduce the number of deaths each year in vans by 10. In 2015, 68 deaths were reported in vans.

 	Monitoring speed and safe distance between vehicles on motorways

In addition to excessive speed, maintaining a safe distance between vehicles will see a focus in a 5,000 euro campaign. As well as roadside patrols, helicopters will be used for this purpose, as well as information panels warning of the importance of maintaining a safe distance. The number of people killed last year where driving too close was an attributing factor was 54, an increase of 10 from the year before.

 	Motorcycles

Finally, motorcycles will be given considerably more attention with extra monitoring points on the roads and checks on ITV, insurance and other documentation, as well as speed and dangerous manoeuvres.

In recent months, 9% of motorcycles involved in injury incidents did not have an ITV. Some 15% of motorbikes were over 20 years of age.

### Types of Traffic Monitoring Devices

Spain operates a network of traffic monitoring devices, not only looking for drivers who are speeding and those who skip trough red lights, but the new range monitors for such bad practices as using a mobile phone and the use of seatbelts.

Here are the five types of monitoring devices currently in use.

 	Fixed Cameras: These devices are nicknamed “speed traps without operators” as they are located along the road network, usually at the side of the road, or sometimes on poles or across the carriageway, and monitor vehicles as they pass, recording those who exceed the maximum permitted limit.

 	Mobile Radars: These operate with an operator, or usually a small team, and are often in unmarked Guardia Civil vehicles, as well as those in marked cars belonging to traffic law enforcement groups, including the DGT themselves. Depending on the type of equipment, the recording vehicle can either be static or moving.

 	Fixed-Section Radars: These devices operate over a fixed distance of road and monitor the average speed between two points on that section. These devices are often considered to give a more realistic impression of recorded speed as the driver doesn´t usually react instantly when they see one, and so the average reading is a more likely speed recorded.
The camera at point “A” records the number plate as the vehicle passes, including the date and time. Using Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) technology, the car is then recorded as it passes point “B”, and the time it has taken to cover that distance recorded. If the journey has registered an average speed above the permitted limit then the details are sent to a central processing point where the fine is automatically processed and sent to the driver.



 	Red-Light Cameras: This type of equipment does not measure the speed of a vehicle but takes a photograph if the vehicle has failed to stop at a red light. In Madrid alone this year there have been an addition five of these cameras installed already this year with another four due before they become active in June. Incidentally, in France, a similar scheme has been on trial where a Stop sign has a camera attached, catching hundreds of drivers on a daily basis.

 	Pegasus Equipped Helicopters: Pegasus is the name of a recording device fitted to most of the DGT´s traffic helicopters. Distinctive by their yellow and light blue colouring, these “eyes in the sky” can catch offending motorists from a kilometre away and at a height of 300 metres, recording the average speed and vehicle characteristics, as well as monitoring for other traffic violations.
Once the infraction is recorded the data is sent immediately to a central processing point, the Centro de Tratamiento de Denuncias Automatizadas, or ESTRADA, where a fine is automatically issued. In the event of a serious offence, the helicopter crew will summon ground crews to intercept the vehicle.


Although we said that there are five types of monitoring devices in use, there is also the new type which monitor mobile phone and seatbelt use. The first set of these have only just been installed and will continue to roll out across the network during 2016 and 2017.

There is also another monitoring device which is sometimes confusing to motorists, as these metal boxes live alongside the road network but have no visible means of taking a picture. They are identifiable by a square marking in the lane nearby, which is a monitoring sensor, sending information to the roadside box. These devices are used to monitor traffic flow statistics and are not used in enforcement, which is why they have no means of recording individual vehicle details. They are able to record the vehicle type and the number of vehicles using an area, providing essential data to road planners.



In total, across Spain, there are currently 800 fixed cameras, 16 Fixed-Section Radars and 6 helicopters equipped with Pegasus, as well as countless patrols from both the Guardia Civil and the police.

If you´re wondering where the most likely location to be snapped for speeding is it is on the A4 in the province of Jaén, where a Fixed-Section Radar controls the road between kilometre posts 242 and 245.

### Alicante Seeking ANPR System Funding

Alicante City Council is applying for a 4 million euro grant from the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism, to enable them to install a real-time monitoring system for vehicles moving through the city.



The project was presented in Madrid on Monday and features the installation of more than one hundred cameras fitted with Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) software, in order to read and record the number plates of around 150,000 vehicles per day.

Once the system spots a vehicle it will monitor the speed, place of registration, type, and whether or not it has insurance and ITV certification.

The system has the backing of the national traffic authority, the DGT, and would place Alicante in the forefront across Europe in traffic management terms.

The city council has also said that in the event of the grant application being unsuccessful then the town hall would look at funding its implementation.

### New App Can Report if Mobile used by Drivers

Israeli technologists have devised an application that they hope will significantly reduce the number of incidents on the roads caused by drivers using their mobile phone.



Developed by a company called Cellebrite, the Textalyzer tool allows the authorities access to the mobile phone´s history to show if the phone was being used at the time or just before an incident took place.

Unable to immediately show any personal information relating to the call, text or phone use, Textalyzer will only be able to report on the functions being operated.

The application has yet to be adopted although the American law makers are the first to consider its use in legislation.

In Spain, the DGT started installing a new series of traffic cameras which not only watch for speeding motorists but also monitor for mobile phone and even seatbelt use. These devices act automatically and support other methods of detection such as airborne and ground patrols.

In the most recent campaign, more than 1,100 drivers were caught using their mobile whilst driving.

### Carrying Animals in Cars

“Can you please give me up to date Law information regarding transporting dogs in cars are they allowed on the back seat”.
Animals are permitted in private vehicles, but must be properly restrained using appropriate harnesses or equipment, and so the answer is yes, they are allowed on the back seat, but only if they are secured.



As we look at the law, it clearly says that having an animal in the vehicle that could interfere with the driver is illegal and can result in a fine, so a dog sat loose on the front seat for example is not allowed. Carrying animals which are not properly restrained is dangerous to them too. The same applies for cases, cages and boxes with the animal inside, they too must be properly secured.



Animals are unpredictable, especially in environments they are unsure of or not used to. If loose, they could interfere with the driver´s ability or visibility. In the event of a crash, the animal would suffer considerable injury and, most likely, death.



There are a wide range of security devices available for animals, from boxes and cages, which must also be secured as mentioned, to harnesses which link to the security elements of the vehicle, some adapting the existing seatbelts, others using security points designed for child seats for example. It is not just appropriate to have your dog attempt to wear the seatbelt designed for human passengers, only the appropriate device for them.



Incidentally, if you are found to have an animal loose in the vehicle, there is an 80 euro fine.

### Five Killed in Lorca Motorway Crash

Five people have been killed and another three injured in a road traffic incident on the Lorca-Águilas motorway on Tuesday morning.



The 112 emergency coordination centre received a call at 07:19 reporting that a vehicle had left the road and fallen down an embankment at a bridge. The caller indicated that people were trapped inside the vehicle and suffering varying degrees of serious injuries.



Fire fighters, medics and the Guardia Civil all rushed to the scene and found the vehicle with eight occupants, five of whom having apparently lost their lives in the impact.



The occupants were extracted from the vehicles where medical staff were able to confirm the deaths and treat the remaining three, one of whom was in a serious condition, the other two having suffered minor injuries.

The injured parties were taken to Rafael Méndez hospital in Lorca for continual treatment.

### N332 Meets U3A

This week, members of the N332 Facebook and website teams gave a presentation in Torrevieja to the members of the ever popular U3A.



Hundreds of members attended their monthly event and were given a talk about road safety, including many changes to traffic laws, and answers to some of the most popular questions received through the websites. Afterwards, the team were on hand to answer many more personal questions.



This is the latest presentation carried out by the teams who have been reaching out to community groups to offer help and advice on a more personal level.

The next presentation will be in May and will be to the members of the Orihuela Costa Royal British Legion, before we take a break from events through the summer, returning to do more in the autumn.



The ability to attend and offer this service has been thanks to our supporters, Autos Direct in San Miguel, Mercury FM radio, Al Andalus Car Hire, Ibex Insurance, The Courier newspaper, PSI Consultants, Ricor Abogados, Euronics (Blue Lagoon & Quesada), and Coast and Casas Real Estate, who are all “Working Together for Safer Roads”.

### Assistance Sought in Hit and Run Case

The Guardia Civil in the Murcia region are asking for assistance to identify the driver of a Seat car that ran over a pedestrian earlier this month and failed to stop.

The incident occurred on the RM-F28 road in the Torre Pacheco area on Sunday the 10th of April.

The vehicle being sought in connection with the incident is a Seat Ibiza or Córdoba, aged around 15 years old, which could have sustained damage to the front of the vehicle, especially towards the right-hand side.

Here are SAMPLE images of the two types of vehicle. The colour of the one being sought is not known, these are samples only.

Seat Ibiza

 

Seat Córdoba

Anybody who recognises a vehicle of this type with unexplained damage consistent with a collision, is asked to contact the Guardia Civil on 968 238 562 or 062.

You can also contact the local police or the 112 emergency centre if you have language problems, explaining the details of your findings and suspicions in relation to this case.

### Hit and Run Driver Caught and Arrested

Officers from the Civil Guard in the Murcia region have arrested the driver of a hit and run incident which had resulted in a cyclist being seriously injured.

The incident took place on Tuesday, the World Day of the Bicycle, when the Guardia Civil were alerted to an incident in the El Raal area of the RM-303 main road by the 112 emergency coordination centre.

Officers attended the scene on the Santomera and Los Ramos road, where a cyclist had been hit by a vehicle which had fled the scene. The cyclist was left in a serious condition in the road by the collision and was attended by emergency medics who transported the injured party to the Murcia hospital for emergency surgery.

Evidence gathered at the scene indicated that a car had invaded the left-hand lane causing the collision, before driving through rural roads to apparently evade capture. The investigators were then able to determine the type of vehicle involved, and then set about a search to locate it.

Less than 24 hours after the incident, the traffic officers located a suspect vehicle in the Murcia town of Puente Tocinos, which had damage consistent with the incident under investigation. The vehicle had damage to a wing mirror, impact damage to its left-hand side and traces of identifying factors similar to the bicycle.



The officers then identified and located the owner, a male of 33 years of age and resident of Puente Tocinos, and presented their evidence to him. The man eventually confessed responsibility for the incident and was arrested on suspicion of crimes of dereliction of duty relief and having left the scene of a crash without providing assistance, and acting in a reckless manner which caused injury to the cyclist.

The vehicle was seized and taken away for forensic examination before its fate is decided by the courts, whereas the driver was presented to the courts in Murcia.

### Watch Your Speed!

The European Traffic Police network, TISPOL, will be carrying out a special vigilance campaign against speeding motorists from this weekend, which means that the European road network will see an increase in patrols of traffic police looking for speeding motorists.



Extra mobile speed checks will be in place around Spain, especially on roads which are known to have more incidents than others, such as main roads.

According to the DGT, inappropriate speed was a factor in 10% of the 89,500 injury incidents during 2013, a figure that rises to 17% when filtering out incidents to only include those on the main roads.

In fatal incidents, excessive speed was a contributory factor in 22% of all incidents. Therefore, according to the DGT, if all vehicles were travelling at the right speed, a quarter of those killed, around 400 people, would still be alive and 1,680 incidents would have been avoided.

All roads have speed limits, generic or specific, and if this limit is exceeded then a driver, if detected, will be punished. But even if a vehicle is driving below the allowed maximum limit, external circumstances such as rain or ice, or vehicle characteristics such as using an emergency wheel can alter what is an appropriate speed to drive at.

The Road Safety Laws dictate that a driver must respect the speed limits and adapt the vehicle´s speed so as to allow it to stop in its field of view, taking into account any obstacles or hazards that might present themselves, taking into account their physical and mental conditions, characteristics and condition of the road, vehicle load, weather, traffic and other circumstances. That is the safe speed.

The faster your car is travelling, the more distance and time it will take to stop. Stopping distances consist of two parts, reaction time and braking time. The average reaction time is between 1 and 1.5 seconds, during which time the vehicle is continuing towards a potential hazard at speed. The faster the vehicle is travelling, the more distance it will cover in this time. Reaction times can be altered by other characteristics such as distraction, alcohol or drugs, or other factors.

The actual braking distance then depends on the speed of the vehicle, as well as other factors such as the road and weather conditions, condition of the vehicle and brakes, the age of the vehicle and the actions of the driver, amongst other factors. In wet conditions, the stopping distance is doubled. In icy conditions, in the case of ice, stopping distances can be up to ten times that of normal, optimum conditions.

Reducing speed not only allows for more reaction time and an increased chance of stopping, it also reduces the damage in the event of a collision, possibly even making the difference between life and death in many cases. According to the 2004 Nilsson report, a decrease of 1% of the average speed on a road produces a 4% reduction in fatal crashes. In addition, it is argued that a reduction of 10 km / h of speed limits would imply a reduction in mortality of around 10%.

Although traffic police will be out in force monitoring speed, it is in everybody´s interest to be more vigilant and respectful of the limits put in place, not only by means of the signs on the road, but also the signs that indicate the factors that may mean the need to slow down is greater.

### Belgian Foreign Licence Holder Fined in Alicante

This week, a Belgian driver was fined in Alicante, as his foreign licence was no longer acceptable under the European rules now being enforced in Spain, as he had an undefined licence after being resident more than 2 years.



Many foreign residents are still of the opinion that they don´t need to change their licence to one or their country of residence, in fact this driver was of that same opinion.

There are clearly documented situations where foreigners must and should change their licences.

In fact, in order to further clarify the situation, the Spanish traffic authority, the DGT, has created their own guide, in English, detailing how you can do this yourself. This document can be downloaded from the DGT website, but we have also included it at the end of this article for your convenience.

In addition, we have found and vetted two legal firms in the Alicante province who will do the transfer on your behalf. They are PSI Consultants based on the Orihuela Costa who cover south of Alicante, and Ricor Abogados who are based in Alicante and cover the city and north.

Details of our collaboration can be found by clicking on this link, and we will forward your details to them as our partners.

Please read the document below, and also this link which answers other questions about changing your foreign driving licence. Remember also, having a Spanish licence when you live in this country makes life simpler in the event of being stopped by the police, as your licence is linked to your NIE, and so your details can be checked at the roadside quickly and easily.

[pdf-embedder url="https://n332.es/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/21-Renovacion-permiso-comunitario-31-03-16-INGLES.pdf"]

### Potential Delays on Main Alicante-Elche Airport Road Route

Maintenance workers have been carrying out repairs to a road bridge over the N-332 at the Gran Alacant area for a number of weeks.

The route is one of the main roads that connects Alicante-Elche airport with the south Alicante towns such as Torrevieja and the Orihuela Costa, and others.

On Monday 18th April, the work enters its final stage, with minor diversions and speed restrictions in place that may cause delays to airport traffic.

This stage will be split into two segments, which will operate over the next four to five weeks.

Traffic travelling in the Alicante direction will be diverted off the main road and through what is normally a slip road allowing access to the petrol station.

For the first half of the closure this will allow workers to renovate the section of bridge directly above the Alicante-bound carriageway. Traffic in the Cartagena direction will not be affected, other than a reduction in the maximum permitted speed through the works.

Then, for the second half of the work, the same Alicante-bound diversion will remain, but Cartagena-bound traffic will be moved over onto the Alicante-bound side of the N-332 to allow the work to continue above the Cartagena-bound lane.

Main traffic will not be affected too much other than delays at peak times on account of the reduction in speed, although traffic intending to go from Gran Alacant in the Cartagena direction will face the biggest amount of disruption as the slip road onto the N-332 in that direction will be closed for the duration.

### Distractions are Dangerous

Distractions whilst driving are one of the principle causes of road traffic incidents. Driving required your full attention at all times. 

Some distractions are so subtle we might not even notice. Obvious distractions whilst driving are using your mobile phone, checking for texts or Whatsapp and Facebook or Twitter messages for example, setting your GPS, even listening to music or the radio, but passengers can also distract us, adults and children. Plus, tiredness, being sleepy is another form of distraction. On long journeys, take frequent breaks, if you start to feel tired, pull over in a safe and legal place and rest.

Remember, driving requires our full and undivided attention at all times.

This video shows the consequences of one driver being distracted. Please watch it and stay safe when driving.

### Traffic Officers Catch Bank Robber

Traffic officers from the Guardia Civil based in Orihuela arrested a man who had robbed a bank at gunpoint, then knocked down two women as he tried to escape.



The man made off with the bank with 12,000 euro in cash after robbing a bank in the Murcia town of Santomera, before returning to the Orihuela area.

The traffic officers noted the vehicle and were suspicious of the driver and subsequently attempted to ask the vehicle driver to stop.

The driver resisted and attempted to escape at speed, knocking down the two women who were on separate streets in the city of Orihuela.

Minutes later, the officers caught up with the vehicle and detained the driver. A subsequent inspection of the vehicle revealed a large amount of cash and a firearm, although this was later discovered to be a fake pistol.

The two women were treated at the scene with one of them being taken to hospital as a result of injuries sustained in the incident.

### New Motorbikes Arrive in Torrevieja

This week, the Torrevieja traffic department of the Guardia Civil took delivery of their new motorbikes, which will take to the roads within the next two months.

These new motorbikes are adapted versions of the powerful Yamaha FJR 1300, which is replacing the traditional and trusted BMW. We went along to the garage this week to check them out and show you what these new vehicles mean for the officers.



The standard BMW R1200RT was first introduced in 2005 to replace the R1150RT model and features a 1,170 cc flat-twin engine with a six-speed gearbox, with 109 hp and a top speed of around 200 kilometres per hour.

The Guardia Civil in Torrevieja currently use the BMW R850RT, an 848 cc, a four stroke, two-cylinder, horizontally-opposed Boxer engine equipped motorbike, offering 73 hp and a top speed of 186.2 kilometres per hour. From a cruising speed of 60 kilometres per hour, the bike can stop in just 14.2 metres and from standing can go from zero to 100 kilometres per hour in just 5.8 seconds.

By comparison, the FJR 1300 has a 1,298 cc inline-four liquid-cooled, DOHC, four valves per cylinder, electronic fuel injection engine, offering 141.5 hp. The bike under normal conditions has a top speed of around 240 kilometres per hour, although is considered more fuel efficient under normal road speed conditions.

The vehicle is factory adapted with a single seat and panniers to carry the equipment needed on their daily patrols, and has adapted handlebars to enable the rider to sit upright, rather than in the stopped, racing position.



Over the next few months they will gradually be seen on the local road network, but not before a trip to Alicante, one by one, to have new windscreens and radios fitted.



The bikes are equipped with sirens and lights and carry a fire extinguisher. They also have fixed holders and brackets for the PDA personal digital assistant and printers, so that nothing moves whist the bike is in motion. In addition, the officers carry documents to enable them to make reports when there is a minor accident.

The helmets are equipped with Bluetooth which is connected to a radio in the rear of the bike so the officers can communicate with both the central control centre to enable them to request information such as number plate identification whilst riding, as well as checking the status of the ITV, insurance and driving license of the vehicle owner. The radio also allows direct communication with their colleagues.

In order to keep the bikes in premium condition, they are serviced by the official garages, BMW or Yamaha, every 5,000 or 10,000 kilometres depending on what the motorbikes need. In addition, the wheels are changed every 7,000 kilometres for safety reasons.

Some of the bike had been fitted with cameras in the past, but these were part of a testing scheme for Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR), they were not hidden speed cameras or radar detectors as some people thought. Although if you think that means they can´t test your speed, think again, the Guardia Civil have a range of speed detectors, so you never know when or from where you are being watched.

Although highly trained on the machines, in fact the training scheme is one of the most highly respected across European police forces, one of the unusual characteristics of the Guardia Civil traffic police is that all of the officers ride motorbikes and drive cars as part of their routine duties, so it is quite normal for the officers to be using different modes of transport on a daily basis.

The Torrevieja department also took charge of a new Fiat multipurpose car this week, which also replaces an older version of the same model, and is fitted with a computerised breathalyser system for performing alcohol tests at the roadside anywhere on the network.

These vehicles are also fitted with a range of safety equipment to enable to officers to respond to any of the challenges they face on a regular basis whilst keeping the roads safe for us all.

### Prison for Number Plate Manipulation

The Provincial Court of Málaga has confirmed the sentence of nine months in prison and a 2,100 euro fine for a motorcyclist who manipulated his number plate with black tape.

Sample Image Only

The incident occurred in November of 2015 when the police stopped the motorbike on the N-340 in Torremolinos.

The officers found that the number plate had been manipulated using black tape so that a letter “C” was made to look like a “G”.

The officers were of the opinion that the rider himself had placed the tape on the number plate in order to avoid detection and identification.

The man appealed the sentence as he claims it was an unnamed individual, a “funny man” who had placed the tape on the number plate in his place of work.

The court didn´t believe this version of events and rather believed the evidence of the officers who state that upon stopping the vehicle, the man attempted to remove the tape and made gestures which were thought to have been as a distraction.

Therefore, the court dismissed the appeal and confirmed the sentence given in the first instance of nine months in prison and a fine for fraud.

### First Driverless Bus Launched in Spain

The first driverless buses in Spain have taken to the roads in the Technology Park of San Sebastian.



The small, ten-seat shuttle bus is operating a pilot scheme in the park and will be running under test conditions and at a maximum speed of 12 kilometres per hour for the next three months.

The trial has been running in six other cities across Europe, including in Trikala in Greece, where it has been running for six months and carried 11,302 passengers over a total of 3500 kilometres. Significantly, during the Greek test, the bus has never been involved in a road traffic incident, other than once riding onto the pavement, although safety devices operated preventing the bus from moving further.

The first bus in Spain took to its route this week carrying a variety of dignitaries, photographers and journalists on its inaugural journey.

The cabins, which rest on four wheels, give a sense of strength and stability, and are equipped with high-precision technologies and safety systems to ensure safe driving in the environment. The three units are connected to a control centre which monitors the vehicles through WiFi, allowing real time itineraries and updates.

The bus is free to use and will run over its two kilometre route in the technology park, with 10 stop-off points, from Monday to Friday from 07:30 to 19:30 continuously. The aim is to connect the businesses in the technology park and to facilitate easier mobility, whilst operating efficiently and protecting environmental resources. In order for the test service to operate, 160 car parking spaces have been removed from the site.

### Traffic Police Suggested as Driving Test Examiners

A national federation representing driving schools across Spain has come up with a proposal to help reduce the backlog of examinations caused by recent industrial action by examiners.

The CNAE say that more than a dozen provinces have not yet recovered from the action, with student drivers having to wait for between one and two months for an appointment for their driving test. In some cases, the student driver isn´t notified until 48 hours before the practical examination.

The situation seems to be getting worse, according to the federation, with attempts to fill vacancies for examiners failing and more leaving the industry on a daily basis.

The solution the CNAE have come up with and are proposing, is utilising serving officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department to conduct both the theory and practical examinations.

Although the idea of a uniformed traffic cop sitting alongside a nervous, novice driver conducting the test might well be one of the most daunting prospect that the candidates may face, the federation believe that the officers are uniquely placed in their knowledge of traffic law and procedure to conduct the tests, and would require very little additional training in order to achieve this.

The idea comes from France where the government has allowed other departments to control the theory test, and, in some cases, have used gendarmes in test situations on closed tracks.

It should be pointed out however that this is just a suggestion from the federation and has not been formally proposed, so is unlikely to become a reality any time soon, if ever.

### Common Causes of Road Rage

For the majority of motorists, driving in a courteous manner is the most natural way to progress, however, there are occasions when a normally calm driver sees red and is transformed into a monster. Road rage can affect everybody, but most of the time the most frustrating causes of an increase in stress levels are caused by other people, often unintentionally, but sometimes by those few drivers whose selfish and almost bullying attitude poses a risk to everybody on the road.



Amongst the most common bad habits is “aggressive driving”, defined as “any ways that directly or indirectly affect both pedestrians and drivers and cause, harm or damage to other people moving at the same time where traffic flows”.

In high-traffic situations, when there are many drivers who interact at the same time, there is often an increase in aggressive behaviour by some, but this is not necessarily a new phenomenon as it has been present almost as long as roads and cars themselves have existed.

Social factors largely determine this aggressiveness. Haste, noisy environments, many people in a confined space, stress that accompanies our daily lives, are all situations that increase our aggressiveness behind the wheel, according to a recent report by LegalCar.

Their report offers two main reasons why this aggressiveness increases. When driving a car without being aware of the many psychophysiological mechanisms that will be useful to strengthen the capacity to react in time to adversity when we are driving, and the increase caused by drivers being seemingly unpunished for their actions.

Many of the elements that influence the violent reactions behind the wheel have to do with stereotypes. For example, some people react aggressively on the grounds of sex against women, against novice and older drivers. In addition, racism and even a person´s clothing can cause an increase in driver aggression.

Other driver´s actions such as seeing a driver using a mobile phone or carrying out a seemingly dangerous or unnecessary manoeuvre, or speeding, can all increase the stresses of driving. Many of these factors are illegal, as they can all be extremely dangerous, and so we will look at some of the most common mistakes, in the hope that if we are aware of some of the factors that can cause road rage, we can avoid creating the situation ourselves, either unintentionally or otherwise.

Some of the most common avoidable “mistakes” that can lead to road rage include blocking junctions, such as a vehicle stopping in the middle of a crossroads when their exit wasn´t clear, thus blocking the flow of traffic across the junction when the priority changes.

Centre-lane hogging on motorways, or even, in some cases, remaining in the left-hand lane on a motorway. In Spain we drive on the right, in fact as far right as possible, according to the law, and although multiple lanes exist for overtaking, a vehicle must return to the right-hand lane once the move is complete, subject to instructions from signs and signals.

Weaving in and out of lanes in a traffic jam causes frustrations, largely as this impedes the flow of the lane that the vehicle is joining and can amplify delays for everybody waiting.

Dazzling oncoming vehicles because our headlights are not set correctly or we may have them on full beam unnecessarily. The same applies for fog lights, which should only be used in the case of a severe reduction in visibility. Having alight out is also a frustration for many, and a dangerous and illegal situation too. At night, a car with only one headlight may be confused for a motorcycle. Having a back light or brake light missing can not only cause confusion, it is extremely dangerous, which is why it is illegal.

Stealing parking spaces is high on the list of frustrations for many drivers. When you wait patiently for a vehicle to vacate, and another car sneaks in the gap before you can be one of the most frustrating conditions that drivers find.

Trying to sneak past traffic cues by using the hard shoulder or slip road is equally frustrating for many.

At these same slip roads, some drivers will actively accelerate in order to prevent a vehicle from joining the main carriageway. This increase in speed also means that your vehicle is heading faster towards a potential collision situation. It is far better to take the courteous option, if possible, and back-off to allow vehicles to join the flow of traffic with you.

The same applies for overtaking. A vehicle is only allowed to overtake if it can return to the flow of traffic safely in front of the vehicle it wants to pass. However, if that, or any other vehicle prevents its safe return by perhaps increasing speed, then the situation becomes extremely dangerous.

Failing to maintain the correct distance from the vehicle in front is a very dangerous and illegal move, and it is one of the biggest frustrations for many. Maintaining a safe distance is crucial at all times.

However, the biggest cause of aggressive behaviour and the biggest frustration for many road users is failing to use indicators. Remember, indicators are there to “indicate” our intentions to other road users. They should be used BEFORE a manoeuvre is carried out. Always remember the basics, Mirror – Signal – Manoeuvre. If you don´t indicate, or if you indicate too late, you are not telling other road users of your intention, creating a potentially dangerous situation, and for that reason you face a fine. The same applies to cancelling your indicators. Make sure they have been cancelled once the move is complete.

### Proper Use of Seatbelts

Seatbelts are designed for one purpose only, to save lives. Statistics show that by wearing a seatbelt the probability of death when involved in a collision is halved, whereas according to the data from the Dirección General de Tráfico (DGT) and the Instituto Universitario de Tráfico y Seguridad Vial (INTRAS), the risk of death is cut by a staggering 77% in an overturned vehicle.



However, in order for the seatbelt to be effective, it must be worn correctly, in order for it to fulfil the function it is designed for fully.

The correct way to wear the seatbelt is for it to go across the torso diagonally, and across the waist, firmly secured in these positions. The top part must be on the hard part of the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and the neck. The lower end sits against the hardness of the pelvis.

The three-point seatbelt, which is fitted as standard to most modern vehicles, has an upper (thoracic) and a lower band (pelvic). Both must be snugly fitting against the body. For the seatbelt to offer maximum protection it must be on the hard parts of the body, leaning against the collarbone, halfway between the shoulder and neck at the top, and the iliac crest of the pelvis, never on the abdomen.

Accessories such as cushions or other additions should not be used. Once you have pulled the seatbelt across your body and secured the strap in the locked position, make sure that the seatbelt is not twisted at any point. If it is, undo the seatbelt and remove the twists. Once secure, pull the seatbelt so that it fits snugly against the body, with any slack being taken back at the top.

If the seatbelt is not worn correctly, it can cause further problems in the event of a collision. For example, if the upper band is taken off the shoulder, it can cause a head impact with the windscreen, dashboard or seat in front. It can also produce cervical lesions.

If the belt is not firm around the body it can cause the vehicle to slide under the belt, casing lower body and spinal injuries. This is often referred to as the “submarine effect”. To prevent “submarining”, the vehicle occupants must also sit in a proper position when riding in the vehicle, with the seatbelt securely fastened as mentioned, and without having any additions such as pillows or cushions which may contribute to the reduction of effectiveness of the seatbelt.

It is also important to remember the one seatbelt – one seat rule. All vehicle occupants are obliges to wear a seatbelt, both in the front and the back seats. Some vehicles only have two seatbelts in the back for example, and so that vehicle can only carry two passengers on that seat.

There are other rules regarding children in cars. Primarily, children under 1.35 metres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats and they most use an appropriate restraining system for their height and weight.

### Officers Injured in Another Serious Crash

For the second day in a row a Guardia Civil patrol car has been smashed into in a collision on the roads of Spain.



This incident occurred at kilometre 9 on the CM-41 road at La Torre de Esteban Hambrán in the province of Toledo, Castile-La Mancha.

Whereas the officers involved in yesterday´s crash were lucky not to have been in their vehicle, the officers today had to be cut from the wreckage by the fire service.

The officers were taken to hospital in a serious condition whilst the other occupants of the four vehicles in total were also treated for a variety of injuries.

### Truck Smashes into Patrol Car

A truck smashed into a Guardia Civil traffic car on the A-4 near the Córdoba town of la Cuesta del Espino on Monday morning, after the patrol had stopped to assist another vehicle.



The incident occurred at around 10:30 in the morning in the Madrid bound direction, smashing the patrol car, then tipping its trailer onto its side, spilling its load of cleaning products onto the carriageway.

Luckily, because the officers were involved in the assistance of the disabled vehicle, they were not in the car at the time and the truck driver also escaped without injury.

### Road Death Reductions Slowing Down

A total of 26,000 people were killed in traffic related incidents on European roads in 2015, according to the latest statistics published by the European Commission, 5,500 fewer than in 2010, but “the situation has not improved” compared to 2014.

In addition to those who lost their lives on the roads, the EC estimates that 135,000 people were seriously injured on the roads last year.

“Every person killed or seriously injured is a victim that should have been avoided”, said the European Commissioner for Transport, Violeta Bulc during the presentation of the figures. “Over the past decades we have achieved impressive results in reducing traffic accidents with fatalities, but the current stagnation is alarming. If Europe wants to reach its goal of halving road deaths by 2020, much more needs to be done”.

The average rate of road deaths in the EU in 2015 was 51 deaths per million inhabitants, the same as in the two previous years. This slowdown comes after significant reductions of down 8% in 2012 and 2013, and is mainly, according to the EC, “the greater interaction in cities among users of motorized public roads and which are not protected”. Vulnerable road users (pedestrians, cyclists, etc.) also represent a high percentage of the 135,000 people who, according to the Commission, were injured in traffic accidents.

The number of fatalities from traffic related incidents continued to vary greatly from one country to another, although these differences tend to decrease. Spain is in fifth position with 36 deaths per million inhabitants, identical to the previous year but 32% lower than 2010. The figure in the UK is 29 deaths per million inhabitants and sits in fourth place. Malta is number one with 26 deaths per million, followed by Sweden with 27 and the Netherlands with 28 deaths per million inhabitants.

### Bikers Seriously Injured on Tuesday

A motorcyclist became trapped under a car on Tuesday afternoon following a collision with the vehicle on the N-332 near the Camping La Marina holiday resort in La Marina on the coast of the Elche municipality.

The incident occurred shortly after midday when the rider was thrown from the motorbike following a collision and became trapped by the lower limbs underneath the car.

Fire fighters from Elche attended the scene and lifted the vehicle, allowing medical staff to take the biker to hospital suffering leg injuries but in a conscious state.

Later that night, medics in the Murcia region attended another motorcyclist who had been injured, this time in the Agridulce urbanisation area on the A-7 motorway.

This incident occurred at around 22:50 when calls were received by the emergency coordination centre of a motorcyclist heading in the Almería direction having collided with the crash barrier and being thrown from the vehicle.

After emergency medics had stabilised the man at the scene he was taken to the Virgen de la Arrixaca hospital in a serious condition.

### Man Killed in San Fulgencio Crash

A man believed to have been in his 70´s was killed on Monday afternoon, when his vehicle was involved in a head on collision between Guardamar del Segura and San Fulgencio.



The incident occurred at around 13:45 when the vehicle driving in the San Fulgencio direction collided with another vehicle heading towards Guardamar on a straight stretch of road near to an industrial estate.

The driver was killed by the impact whereas the occupants of the second vehicle, two people aged in their 60´s and a child of around 11 years of age, survived that crash, their vehicle pushed towards a fence which saved them from falling into a water ditch which runs alongside the road.

### The 10 Most Dangerous Sections of Secondary Roads

For the thirteenth consecutive year, the EuroRAP independent consortium has published their report on the top ten high-risk locations on Spain´s secondary road network.

The report is based around the number of fatal incidents for the period between 2012 and 2014, the length and type of the section of road, and the average daily traffic, known as the IMD, or Intensidad Media de Diaria de tráfico.

The calculations are then based on factors such as a road with a low IMD but a high number of incidents will be classed as a higher risk than a road with a higher IMD.

In total, there are 97 routes considered, of which 18 are “black-spots”, over a total of 3,506 kilometres.

The profile of the most dangerous road is a conventional single carriageway road, with junctions, and an IMD of below 10,000 vehicles per day. A section becomes extremely dangerous when there is an increase in the number of junctions, such as those adjoining properties, where vehicles join the flow of traffic but are not always able to accelerate to a safe speed. The risk factor is further increased by the mixture of road users, including pedestrians, cyclists, agricultural machinery and other vehicles with differences in speed and physical characteristics.

The condition of the road surface and the road markings also play a key role in either reducing or increasing the risk factor on these roads.

Five of the ten most dangerous sections for motorcycles and mopeds are in Andalusia; followed by Catalonia with 3 and Madrid with 2. For motorcyclists, the most dangerous section is in the A-2 in Barcelona, between kilometre markers 605 and 611. As for heavy vehicles, the stretch of the A-7 between Puzol and its junction with the A-3 in Valencia has the highest concentration of incidents.

Overall, Galicia, Cataluña and Asturias have some of the most dangerous roads in the country. The number of incidents has decreased by over 40%, but the probability of an incident is three times higher than in 2010.

The Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, are the only regions where there are no sections of road classed as dangerous.

The most dangerous section of road is on the N-320 between Casar de Talamanca (Guadalajara) and its crossing with the M-103 in Algete (Madrid). In this section of just 11.2 kilometres, there were 10 fatalities, 6 of whom were on motorcycles or mopeds.



Here are the rest of the locations, in order, from 2 to 10.

### Preparing for the Clock Change

This weekend, the clocks are once again set to change, as Daylight Saving Time comes into force at 02:00 on Sunday morning when the clocks are put forward an hour to 03:00.

However, although this change in time might seem insignificant, it can cause an imbalance in our body which in turn can cause fatigue, sleep or distractions that can have an impact on road safety.



One of the biggest changes the body will experience during the change is that whilst the pace of life remains the same, the hours we have become accustomed to will change. If our alarm clocks are set for 08:00, the reality is that we are waking at what our body has got used to as being 07:00. Similarly, at the end of the day, as we might consider settling down for bed at 11 in the evening, our body might not feel ready as it still thinks it is 10, for example.

Medically, it is known that the change in time can also lead to an increase in the chance of suffering migraines or stress related conditions as a result of the change. These episode can cause a distraction in their own right and can lead to incapacity at times, but some medications can also cause problems for drivers, so always check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are feeling symptomatic or taking any kind of medication.

Sleep experts say that the best way of overcoming the problems the body identifies is to maintain a stable sleep ad meal patter, making sure you get a good 8 hours sleep per night, and avoiding stimulants such as caffeine.

Sleep deprivation and drowsiness is a known contributing factor in many road related incidents. In fact, drowsiness is the primary cause in 30% of all daytime collisions and incidents. More than 40% of all incident son the roads are closely related to fatigue, closely related to sleep, and almost 20% of these incidents involve commercial vehicles.

Reaction times are increased when sleepy, and a person can suffer severe reductions in concentration, motor and sensory delays, resulting in mistakes in movements and decisions, as well as perceptual disturbances.

Drivers who are normally at risk of sleep related incidents include shift workers, young people, those with sleep-related illnesses and whilst driving under the influence of alcohol and / or drugs.

As for the time that most sleep related incident occur, it is on a weekday, Monday to Friday, between 08:00 and 20:00, and more often during routine drives, as well as on long-haul journeys.

Although this is a human condition which can and should be monitored by every individual driver, scientists are doing their bit to try to reduce the problem as well. In 2014 the Biomechanics institute in Valencia announced the development of a new system they were calling HARKEN.

The system was based around the development of a seatbelt which monitored a driver´s heart rate and gave an alert if the person´s body was showing signs of drowsiness, urging the driver to pull over for a rest.

However, it is important that we all do the same thing and monitor our own feelings, stopping for a rest if we are starting to feel tired, regularly on long journeys, sharing the driving and being prepared to respond to our own body´s warnings in good time.

Whilst taking these facts into consideration, one final thing to remember is to change the clock in your car to reflect the change in time, after all, there is always one clock somewhere we forget.

### How to Respond to Checkpoints

The security services (Guardia Civil, Police etc) carry out regular checkpoints on the roads, sometimes these are part of routine operations such as combatting drink driving, or vehicle inspections. Sometimes these checks are part of an increase in security. Sometimes, although rarely, they are directly related to a specific threat.



Although it may seem daunting to approach and be stopped at one of these checkpoints, it is important to remember that they are being conducted for your safety. These checkpoints do catch criminals, those risking road safety, terrorists and others, but the vast majority of people are allowed to go about their business normally.

The key phrase to remember when you see one of these checkpoints is, “Nothing to Hide, Nothing to Fear”. It is only those who have done wrong, or considering it, who should in fact be concerned.

The first rule when approaching such a checkpoint is to stay calm. Respond and react to the instructions given to you by the officers conducting the check. They may usher your vehicle to a chosen place, they may ask you to exit the vehicle and they may wish you check the contents of your car, as well as your documentation. Simply let the officers get on with their duties and they will let you get on your way as soon as possible.

Secondly, although equally important, do not share this location information to others. Posting this information on social networks such as Facebook and Twitter for example can alert those who have done wrong about the presence of the checkpoint, allowing them to get away.

The point of these checkpoints is to catch bad people, so please don´t share the information. You might think you are doing others a favour, but if a criminal is allowed to avoid being caught, they will be free to carry out even more of their chosen activities.

Finally, do not be overly alarmed. The presence of additional security teams on the streets is not a direct indication of an increase in the threat level. The Spanish Interior Ministry publish the details of the current threat level on their website, www.interior.gob.es. On the right hand side is a green box marked NAA, or Nivel de Alerta Antiterrorista. If you click that you will see the current status level. The level has been at stage 4, high, for some time, since June of 2015 to be exact, which is all listed on the page for your information and peace of mind.

You can also click the button below to see the current state for yourself.


    


Remember, stay calm and act on the instructions given. “Nothing to Hide, Nothing to Fear”.

### Almost 3,000 Caught Not Wearing a Seatbelt

During the crackdown on the wearing of seatbelts and child restraint systems last week, a total of 2,728 people were caught risking their own lives by not wearing a seatbelt. Irresponsible adults allowed 167 children under 12 years of age to travel without the appropriate safety device, 46 of them in the front seat. Of all of those people found to be not wearing a seatbelt, 74% were on conventional roads.

All occupants within a vehicle must wear a seatbelt or restraining device appropriate to their height and weight. The rule of one seatbelt, one passenger must also be adhered to. Many modern cars for example are only fitted with two seatbelts in the back, and so, irrespective of the width, only two passengers can be carried on that seat.

During this week-long campaign, a total of 379,246 vehicles were checked, some from the air and others from the roadside or at checkpoints. The Pegasus equipped helicopters were out in force, with many road users now being aware of their power, as there was an increase in the number of vehicle occupants who decided to “buckle up” having spotted the helicopters in the air.



Statistically, the wearing of a seatbelt can reduce the risk of death in a vehicle collision by 80%, and although adults can make the decision for themselves, the importance of ensuring children comply is paramount.

### Football Tournament Success

Members of the Guardia Civil traffic department and the N332 Project visited the Elche Children´s home again last week, partly in the interest of road safety and partly to get a thrashing from the children in the latest football tournament.



The children were firstly given a presentation from the team about road safety, which dealt with all kinds of different aspects including cycling safety, responsibilities of pedestrians, and an insight into how they can stay safe in future years when they too finally get behind the wheel of a car.



The Euronics stores in Quesada and Blue Lagoon have been the latest contributor to the project, paying for an advert on the main page of the n332.es website. All of the money they gave this month was put towards the football tournament with shirts being bought for the players, and a party of food and soft drinks afterwards.



The children then presented the team with their own certificate they had created to thank them for attending and for spending time with them.



For the tournament, three teams competed, the Guardia Civil, the teachers from the home and the children. No doubt through their excellent team work, it was the children who were victorious on this occasion.

We would like to thank the Euronics store, “The Electrical Shop” for their contribution. Please visit their shops in Quesada and Blue Lagoon, or their website, www.electricalteam.eu, to show your support for them.

The faces of the children have been obscured to protect their anonymity.

### More People Learning About Road Safety

The N332 Facebook page has reached yet another milestone this week, now having over 40,000 followers.



There has been even more interest in some of the recent posts, with a growing audience of just under seven million views for the videos posted, and each article reaching tens of thousands of people.

That means that the informative message of “Working Together for Safer Roads” is spreading even further, hopefully helping to save lives and reduce the number of casualties on the roads.

As a companion to the Facebook page, the website is also growing in popularity, with some of the most searched articles this month relating to tow bar use, as well as rules relating to caravans, which would both be expected in the preparations for the Easter holidays. Other searches have included requests for information relating to out of date ITV stickers and advice about buying used cars in Spain.

Collectively, both the Facebook and website teams will continue to work together, and for the website it is thanks to the support we receive from our sponsors whose contributions allow us to invest in the next stages of the project.

Everybody involved also thanks every single person who is following the Facebook page, and who reads and shares the articles, as each and every one of you are also Working Together for Safer Roads.

### Tragedy in Tarragona

At least 14 people have been killed in a collision between a bus and a car on the AP-7 in the Freginals area of Tarragona in the early hours of Sunday morning.



Some 57 people were on board the Barcelona-bound bus, mainly foreign Erasmus students, when if overturned near kilometre 323 of the motorway after being in collision with a car at around 06:00.

Most of the motorway had been closed at the time with only one lane open in the Barcelona direction.



The emergency services attended in force to try to rescue those involved, including 17 fire tenders, 7 ambulances and 5 support vehicles.

The AP-7 was closed to traffic with diversions put in place as the major emergency operation was launched.

Meanwhile, 10 people were injured in an 8-vehicle pileup in the Pinto area of Madrid. The A-4 motorway was closed to traffic as the clean-up operation took place, although there were no serious injuries in this crash.



The roads of Spain are expected to be particularly busy on account of the Easter holiday period.

### Always Monitor Your Route

Modern technology can help us with some of the most stressful and complicated areas of driving, such as route planning, but total reliability on such devices can pose problems, and so the importance of ensuring that all route characteristics are checked and correct for our journey and our vehicle are vital, as well as continual monitoring of the road along the way.

This week, six Guardia Civil vehicles stopped traffic in Cuenca this week, which might not seem like such a dramatic occurrence, until we discover that they were brand new vehicles on the back of a vehicle transporter heading to their new homes.



Luckily, the truck driver was paying attention to his route and surroundings and spotted that a bridge he was approaching was too low, although his stopping did paralyse traffic on one of the major routes for a while.



The vehicles were successfully delivered, unharmed, to the Guardia Civil, with only the minor inconvenience of delays on this occasion.

### Dutch Man Arrested for Spanish Car Insurance Scam

Officers from the National Police have arrested a 79-year old Dutch national from Altea, after he allegedly faked the theft of his vehicle in order to falsely claim the car insurance.



Border Patrol officers from the National Police became suspicious of a vehicle parked in the car park at Alicante-Elche airport. The age of the vehicle indicated by the number plates on the car didn´t seem to match the apparent physical condition and age of the vehicle.

As such, the officers carried out a more thorough inspection and found the number plates to be fake, correctly identifying the vehicle as one reported as stolen from the Benidorm area.

The subsequent investigation led the officers to believe that the owner himself parked the vehicle at the airport, and changed the number plates, before claiming the 20,600 euro from the insurers.

The man has been arrested and charged for the crimes, whereas the vehicle has been delivered to the insurance company as the now rightful owners.

### Special Easter Operations Begin

The special traffic monitoring operation that covers the Easter period began on Friday, with a total of 14.5 million long-distance journeys expected on the roads of Spain between now and the 28th of March.



Like many special operations, the flow of traffic intensifies from the inland and city areas at the start of the period, and just before Easter weekend, with more people travelling towards mountainous and coastal areas to enjoy their leisure time. Then after the Easter weekend, the traffic flows away from the touristic areas and back inland. In between, there will be busier periods for short journeys in localised areas with a focus on leisure and shopping activities, as well as attendance of the religious events.

In order to try to improve the flow of traffic, the DGT recommend avoiding traveling at the peak times, if possible, and planning your journey around quiet times. For this, they have provided a handy infographic indicating the busiest times from Easter Wednesday through to Easter Monday.



For this first weekend, there will be an expected 3,450,000 journeys up until Sunday evening. During the second phase, the special operation runs from Wednesday the 23rd, starting at noon, and finishing on the evening of Monday the 28th. Although Easter Monday is not recognised as a holiday in many areas, if is an autonomous holiday in the region of Valencia, and so the Costa Blanca will still see busy roads until after this day.

In order to make the roads safer, all unnecessary road works will be banned and extra "circumstantial" lanes created to improve traffic flow in the key areas. If you come across one of these special lanes, remember that there are rules regarding using your headlights during the day that drivers must adhere to.

The Guardia Civil will be carrying out extensive checks on speed, as well as the consumption of alcohol or drugs, which may require testing, and driver and vehicle documentation will be scrutinised at the roadside.

In addition, during these checks, vehicles will also be monitored through electronic devices and have their insurance details confirmed. This will also be done during roadside checks, and vehicle characteristics will also be inspected, including compliance with tyre safety laws and other safety critical defects.

From the air, the DGT will have all 12 of their helicopters monitoring traffic, 8 of which are equipped with the Pegasus airborne radar equipment which monitors speed, as well as the use of seatbelts and mobile phones. In fact, since its operation, Pegasus has monitored 75,000 vehicles and issued 18,274 fines, equating to the equipment capturing and burdening a dangerous driver with a fine every 3 minutes.



There are also additional roadside radars in place, as well as the new cameras monitoring seatbelt use, all aimed at making the roads safer by sanctioning, and hopefully educating, road users who put others at risk.

### A Great Fun Day at Cabo Roig

Thank you to everybody who came and said hello at the Cabo Roig St Patrick´s Day fiesta, we had a great time too.

We must also thank the organisers, businesses and participants for all of the effort they put in to making this event the best in Spain.

Here are some of our pictures from the day...

### See You on St Patrick’s Day

Thursday the 17th of March is St Patrick´s day, and some of the N332 website and Facebook teams will be at the biggest and best “Paddy´s Day” party in Spain, at Cabo Roig on the Orihuela Costa.

Look out for us wearing our green shirts on the day and make sure you say hello.



We will be in the area for most of the afternoon, and mingling with our local supporters, Mercury FM, The Courier, P.S.I. Consultants and Y.O.L.O. and welcome you along to meet with us.

We also have a limited number of exclusive stickers to give away, which we hope you will display on your car, bike or even your bag, and then send us a picture to show us off.



Remember though, if you are attending, stay safe on the roads, please don´t drink and drive, and make sure you make the most of the day safely.

### Seatbelt Campaign Runs This Week

All this week, the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by their colleagues in the police, will be out in force to ensure the correct use and operation of seatbelts and child restraint systems in vehicles.



In 2014 (the last year of consolidated data), the number of unbelted deaths accounted for 24% of the total, with some 194 of the 822 people in cars and vans who lost their lives, not wearing a seatbelt, despite knowing the importance of doing so.

In addition to the officers on patrol during the campaign, the DGT are operating three roadside cameras which will be under test during the week, prior to a mass roll-out across the road network by 2017. The cameras are in place on the A-1, A-2 and A-3, in Madrid, but throughout this year, 270 cameras will be in use across the country able to monitor seatbelts use.

The images captured by the cameras are electronically sent to a control centre which then processes the images and sends a sanction to the vehicle owner who then faces a 200 euro fine and the loss of 3 points.



It is the aim of the DGT to reduce this figure to zero by making the use of seatbelts and child restraint systems 100% for all vehicle occupants.

The focus of the campaign will not only be those who should know better about looking out for their own safety, but also those who should be looking out for those more vulnerable, namely adults who carry children in the vehicles.

In 2014, 2 out of the 14 children under 12 years who died traveling in cars or vans were not wearing any safety device at the time of the incident. In addition, 9 out of 82 seriously injured, and 107 of those who suffered minor injuries were not correctly restrained. From that data, 118 children suffered unnecessary injury or death as a result of the supposedly responsible adults not showing due care.

On account of the seriousness that the DGT takes such actions, the law was recently approved whereas traffic officers can immobilise a vehicle if a child is found to be travelling without the correct restraint system in use.

It is also important to remember that since October, children under 135 centimetres in height are not allowed to travel in the front seats of vehicles and must be properly restrained by a device appropriate to their height and weight.

The proper wearing of seatbelts and restraint systems is also vital to their correct use. All occupants in a vehicle must wear a seatbelt, whether they are in the front or the back, although some people incorrectly believe that wearing a seatbelt in the back is not necessary, it is, and it is also mandatory. If a person in a rear seat is not wearing a seatbelt they are 8 times more likely to kill the person in a seat in front of them.

Wearing a seatbelt is statistically proven to half the risk of death if involved in a collision as it also helps to distribute the force of the impact across the body and not directly at more vulnerable parts of the body. A seatbelt prevents the occupant being ejected from a vehicle, saving them from more serious injury.

### Serious Injury in Los Montesinos Truck Crash

During the early hours of Friday morning, an articulated truck crashed into the toll booths on the motorway near to Los Montesinos.



A person remained trapped in the vehicle and had to be extracted by the emergency services, before being taken to the Vega Baja hospital in a serious condition.



An investigation has been launched to ascertain the circumstances which led to the crash.

### Questions About Driving Licence Fines Answered

We have received a number of questions regarding an article posted by the CAB (Citizen´s Advice Bureau) in Spain which states “Drivers with Valid UK Driving Licences Fined Illegally”.

In view of the number of questions received, we have visited our associates from the Guardia Civil Trafico who run the N332 Facebook page in order to help to solve the doubts that article has generated.

Question 1. Can I be fined if I have a VALID UK driving licence?
YES, if you are RESIDENT and your licence complies with one of these two cases:

The holder of a European driving licence with an INDEFINITE DURATION or GREATER than 15 YEARS (or five years in the case of group permissions 2) with legal residence in Spain acquired on January 19, 2013 or before that date – You must renew your driving licence from January 19, 2015.

The holder of a European driving licence with an INDEFINITE DURATION or GREATER than 15 YEARS (or five years in the case of group permissions 2) with legal residence in Spain obtained dated after January 19, 2013 – You must renew your driving licence from the moment two years of residence in Spain has been met.

NO, if you are a holiday maker.

In conclusion, having a Valid European Driving Licence does not mean that you cannot be fined. It sounds rare, we know, but the law changed in Spain and if you are living PERMANENTLY in Spain, your European Licence must be renewed. We have published above what conditions must be met for licences to be renewed.
Question 2. As a European citizen, can I get a 500 euro fine if I do not renew my licence?
NO, you cannot. According to the "Reglamento de Conductores" there are 2 types of fines for Residents who are driving with "Non Valid Driving Licences."

1- When the driver is living in Spain and there is no agreement between their country and Spain to change the licence, you must get a NEW ONE in Spain, which means carrying out an exam again. Once they are resident, their licences are not valid. This is what happens with drivers from non-European Countries such as Russia, Senegal, Canada, etc. You can check the list of the countries with agreements on the DGT website.

In this case, the driver is fined 500 euro if there is not an agreement between both countries, and 200 euros if there is an agreement and the licence has not been changed.

2- European Drivers who must renew their licence under the new DGT instructions, if they do not do it, they will be fined 200 euro, because this licence can be changed.

Therefore if you have a European Licence and you receive a 500 euro fine, you must complain to the DGT because there has been a mistake with the fine.
Question 3. As a resident, can I be fined if I do not hold a Spanish driving permit?
NOT in all cases. You can hold your European Driving Licence and BE A RESIDENT IF your licence is not among those that should be changed, so you can keep driving with it until it expires (see conditions above).
Question 4. As a holiday maker, if I own a Spanish vehicle, can I be fined if I do not hold a Spanish driving permit?
NO, you can own a house or a vehicle, but this does not mean you are resident. Many foreigners have a holiday house in Spain and they have a vehicle with Spanish plates which they use on their vacations here.

To avoid being fined unfairly, please download the document EX-15 and fill it in. See the point 4.1 and make a cross in the option "CERTIFICADO DE NO RESIDENTE" and take it to the NATIONAL POLICE. Once they have legalized the document, take it with you in the car and.... PROBLEM SOLVED!
If you would like to download the EX-15 "Non Resident Certificate" document, you can do so at the end of this article.
We hope that these questions have solved all your doubts. Remember to call 060 for more enquiries.

From the N332 Facebook Team
[pdf-embedder url="https://n332.es/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/EX15.pdf"]

You can download the EX-15 document by right clicking this line and choosing Save As or Download.

Please remember also that although other articles you may have read may seem drastic, you may not have been made fully aware of the situation or the facts and therefore you may not have been able to make a fully informed opinion on the situation. The points above are from law, to which there is no interpretation.

 

### The Thirty Thousand Euro Speeding Fine

A French motorcyclist has been hit with a 31,300 euro speeding fine, after activating a radar speed detector 140 times.



The biker first started his wave of speeding offences in November, 2014, although it was seemingly impossible to catch the dangerous rider as he had altered his vehicle´s registration plate so that is was not visible on the cameras.

However, after the record 140 occasions he was caught, the police did manage to track down the biker in the town of Bastia where the courts upheld the fines after the rider submitted an appeal in an attempt to still avoid paying the price for his actions.

### Doggy Truck Driver Wrecks Tree

Despite witnesses reporting that a Golden Retriever dog was at the wheel of an articulated truck which crashed in Minnesota, it is the absent human driver who is being held responsible.



According to the police, the dog was seen in the driver´s seat when the truck impacted with a tree and a parked car, however indications are that the actual driver left the vehicle in a parking lot with the engine running, and the dog somehow managed to “accidentally” set the vehicle in motion.

Had the incident have occurred in the UK, the dog might well be on its way to learn how to fly on the latest crazy Sunday night animal show on Sky 1, Dogs Might Fly.

### Bank Account Seized for Not Paying Fines

The importance of ensuring that the information relating to your driving licence is correct has been highlighted to a former resident of Elche recently, who discovered that he had been clocking up traffic fines without receiving notifications.



The problem only came to light when the treasury seized his bank account, prompting an investigation as to why, which resulted in the 52 outstanding traffic tickets, valued at almost 6,000 euro, being brought to light.

The sanctions were all relating to a stretch of the A-7 motorway near Mijas in the province of Málaga, where the maximum speed limit is 80 kilometres per hour and protected by a multi-point radar system where the speed is monitored for a stretch of road, not just at the visible point of the monitoring equipment.

The driver, who moved to Benalmádena in 2013, claims to have notified the DGT of his change of address, but the sanctions were all sent to his previous Elche home. His lawyer has filed several appeals to contest the fines on his behalf, but he has already paid half of the fines through his seized bank account.

The driver also said in an interview that he had no knowledge of how the speed monitoring equipment worked and will be “more careful” in the future.

A trial date has been set to resolve the matter one way or another, but not until 2018.

Fines and sanctions can be checked by individuals on the DGT website, dgt.es, under the section Trámites y multas, which can be found on the front page. There is also information available in English (and other languages) as to what to do if you receive a fine.

### Welcome to Euronics in Quesada and Blue Lagoon

This month, we welcome the Euronics shops in Quesada and Blue Lagoon to our list of businesses who are supporting the N332 project.



From their two local stores in our area, they offer just about every electrical item you need for your home, and have regular special offers.

Right now, they have a HISENSE 32” LED TV on offer, reduced from 235€ and is now just 199€.



You can find out more from their website, electricalteam.eu, including a little bit about Debbie and her team, and you can sign up for their offers newsletter. You can also click their advert on the left of these pages to go straight to their site.

More importantly though, you can visit their shops, one in Quesada and the other in Blue Lagoon, browse around at your leisure and thank them for supporting us by making them your one-stop-shop for your electrical products.

### Foreign Driver Fined for Failing to Exchange Licence

It was over a year ago that foreign resident drivers were first warned of the need to change their driving licences if they did not fall into the required criteria as set out in the countless publications detailing this.

The European Union is responsible for creating a harmonised licence model with the new rules coming into force last year. However, on account of the number of foreign drivers living in Spain, the DGT issued an amnesty in March, allowing those drivers who would be liable to a fine until the 1st of January 2016 to sort out their documentation.

There were two such instances which required action. Firstly, if your licence has an indefinite expiry date, or more than 15 years validity and you were legally resident in Spain before January 19, 2013, you should have already renewed your driving licence. If not, you must do so immediately. If you only became resident after January 19, 2013, you had 2 years from your date of residency to renew, that date has also expired.

Secondly, if your license has expired or is due to expire, you must renew it in your country of residence, in other words, if you are a resident in Spain, your current license, once it expires, must be renewed in Spain.

Despite these explanatory cases, there was still a lot of erroneous advice being spread through some outlets, including incorrect reports that you do not have to change your licence as we are all in Europe, suggestions that the whole process was illegal and even some people adamant that the Guardia Civil would not fine drivers. All of these suggestions were wrong.

This week, in the Torrevieja area, one such foreign driver has been issued with a fine as the licence, which fell into the first category of having an open expiry date, had not been changed. This licence is no longer valid and the amnesty expired in January.

You can see the details of the fine issued in the image below.



Remember, if your licence has an indefinite expiry date, or more than 15 years validity, your licence must be changed. If, or when, any licence expires, it must be renewed in your country of residence.

It may seem like a daunting process, but we can help. N332.es work with other professionals who work in the field of driving, licencing and road safety. Through our partnerships with other businesses we are able to offer an increasing range of services.

We can arrange for one of our partners to assist you in the process of exchanging your UK driving licence for a Spanish one. Remember, your driving licence must be issued in the country where you reside, so if you are a resident in Spain, you must exchange your licence. You don´t have a choice, it is not something that can be ignored as you will be fined if you are caught.

In fact though, having a Spanish issued licence also makes life on the road much easier, as your Spanish licence is linked to your NIE, and so in the event of you being stopped by the police your details can be checked and confirmed instantly. Plus, in the event of you being fined for a traffic offence, you do not have to pay on the spot if you have a Spanish licence, and can benefit from a reduced fine for prompt payment.

If you would like more information about exchanging your licence, fill in the form on the page by clicking this line of text and one of our team members will get back in touch with you shortly.

You can also search the n.332.es website by keying in the keyword "licences" at the top of the page.

### Injured Owl Saved on Motorway

Officers from the Guardia Civil in Castellon rescued an owl who was found badly injured on the hard shoulder of the AP-7 motorway in the Alcalá de Xivert area.

Road maintenance workers reported finding the bird at kilometre 382 of the motorway, with officers from the SEPRONA wildlife and environmental division of the Guardia Civil responding.

On account of the severity of injuries suffered, it is believed that the animal may have impacted with a vehicle, most likely a truck.

The bird was taken to the Font del Vidre animal recovery centre in Pobla de Benifassà for treatment.

### Five Wet Weather Tips

Weather conditions pose the biggest risk to road users, partly due to the inexperience and lack of preparedness by drivers, and partly due to the changing dynamics of the road and driving environment.



However, in preparation, here are our top tips for dealing with rain.

	Slow down

It might seem like the most obvious thing to say, but all too often it is advice that is ignored. It is easy to be lulled into a false sense of security within our vehicles but speed and adverse weather is a deadly combination. When the road is wet, your vehicle´s tyres cannot grip the road as much as in normal, dry conditions. Cornering and braking are all affected by water on the road, reducing grip and increasing stopping distances considerably, therefore, slowing down allows more time to adapt and deal with the situation. Ease off the accelerator a little and you will see the difference immediately.

	Avoid violent movements or sharp braking

Sudden braking, acceleration or harsh movements of the steering wheel may result in loss of vehicle control. If the operations are carried out progressively, smoothly and slowly, it also gives other drivers more time to react. Remember that a smooth drive is a safer and more efficient ride under normal conditions and even more so when it rains.

	Avoid driving on road markings

Road markings including lane lines, crossings and markers provide less grip that the road surface and can therefore increase braking distances. Riders on two wheels should be particularly aware of this problem.

	Be seen

During rain or reduced visibility make sure that you have your lights on. Daytime Running Lights may not be sufficient, especially during reduced visibility where headlights must be used. The timely use of indicators, including brake lights, is crucial to give other road users advanced warnings of your intentions. Keeping your vehicle under control and following all the advice for a smooth ride will also allow for an improvement in your visibility to other road users.

	Avoid aquaplaning risks

Keep a sharp lookout for puddles and pools of water which may reduce the grip of your tyres on the road even more, potentially creating a liquid barrier between the tyre and road surface, commonly referred to as aquaplaning. However, don´t carry out any sudden movements to avoid these puddles, simply slow down, hold the steering wheel firmly and try to keep your vehicle on a straight and level course. Whilst maintaining an adequate distance from the vehicle in front, it is often beneficial to follow vehicles through such areas as the displacement of water becomes easier.

With these five basic tips your journey through the rain should be a much safer one, but remember that it is not only about how you drive your vehicle, but about the vehicle itself. Proper maintenance is crucial, checking tyres and their pressure, lights, windows, brakes and other such features on a regular basis should also reduce the risk. If in doubt, your local garage can keep a check on these for you.

### British Driver Arrested for Drug-Fueled Wrong-Way Crash

A 42-year old British resident of Orihuela was arrested by officers from the Guardia Civil after driving the wrong way along the AP-7 motorway and crashing into a vehicle driving in the correct direction.



The incident occurred last weekend when the vehicle driving in the Cartagena direction of the Alicante bound side of the motorway. The Guardia Civil had received a number of warnings over the vehicle and sped to the scene, but a collision had already occurred when they arrived at kilometre 4,700 of the CT-32 road.

The collision caused damage to both vehicles and minor injuries to the other occupant.

According to sources, the driver showed “obvious signs of impairment” and was therefore tested for alcohol and drugs, giving a positive result for cocaine and cannabis. He was arrested on suspicion of a crime against road safety, a crime of reckless driving and driving under the influence of drugs, and was made available to the courts in Cartagena.



This week, another driver was arrested after driving for around two kilometres the wrong way on the road between Yecla with the Alicante town of Villena, in a location where two other drivers were stopped last August in the space of a 24-hour period.

### Guardia Civil Officers Save Baby at Roadside

Two officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department based in Córdoba have been praised for saving the life of an 18-month old baby who was unconscious and not breathing.

The incident occurred on Saturday evening on the A431 main road near to Villarrubia. The patrol was approached by a woman, clearly in distress, who asked for their help with the baby.

The officers treated the toddler at the roadside and managed to revive him before taking the baby, and his mother, to the Reina Sofía maternity hospital in their patrol car.

Although remaining in hospital and under observation, sources state that the baby is recovering well.

### Focus on Vans and Trucks This Week

All of this week, a special campaign to check commercial vehicles is taking place on the roads of Spain, with the Guardia Civil and local police collaborating to check safety factors relating to the operation of trucks and vans.



The campaign, which runs through until the 21st of February, will focus on such elements as driving hours, tachographs, vehicle weight and cargo security, and technical defects.

Whilst carrying out the vehicle checks the officers will also check the correct documentation of both the vehicle and the driver, whilst also monitoring for three of the main factors in road traffic collisions, the use of alcohol and drugs, distractions (such as using a mobile phone), and inappropriate speed. Finally, the officers will also monitor that the correct use of seat belts is adhered to at all times.

Trucks and vans are the second most numerous vehicle traveling on the road, and with their increase in weight, can be a dangerous combination if not operated in a safe manner. In fact, trucks and vans are involved in 16% of all injury incidents and, according to the latest data from the DGT, were the type of vehicle resulting in 127 deaths last year, 68 travelling in vans, 59 in trucks. Aside from the deaths of vehicle occupants, vans and trucks were also involved in more than 500 injury incidents on urban and intercity roads.

The reason for this focus becomes clear when the data shows such facts as distractions being a contributing factor in a third of all incidents last year. Almost a third of the people killed in vans and trucks were not wearing a seatbelt, and the age of the fleet, on average, is 12 years, which makes the vehicle components susceptible to failure.

### Blocking Junctions

Offence: Blocking Junctions.

When you stop at a junction, if you block the passage of other vehicles, you face a fine.

Fine: 200 euro

Reason: The idea of junctions is to allow traffic to flow in different directions safely. If a junction is blocked, delays soon follow and delays can lead to a build-up of traffic and unsafe conditions. It is crucial that junctions are kept clear. Although yellow box junctions are in use in many places in Spain, you should still not enter any junction, with or without a yellow box, unless your exit is clear.

### Insecure Animals in the Vehicle

Offence: Insecure Animals in the Vehicle.

Having an animal in the vehicle that could interfere with the driver can result in a fine, so a dog sat loose on the front seat for example is not allowed. Carrying animals which are not properly restrained is dangerous to them too. The same applies for cases, cages and boxes with the animal inside, they too must be properly secured.

Fine: 80 euro.

Reason: Animals are unpredictable, especially in environments they are unsure of or not used to. If loose, they could interfere with the driver´s ability or visibility. In the event of a crash, the animal would suffer considerable injury and, most likely, death.

### Using Your Mobile Phone Whilst Driving

Offence: Using Your Mobile Phone Whilst Driving.

Using your mobile phone when driving also carries a fine, even if you are holding it on “speaker”, you are still holding and using your mobile. You are also not allowed to wear any kind of headphone or headset. Even the popular single-ear Bluetooth headsets are not permitted when you are driving. You cannot have any headphones or headsets which go into your ear. The police, and others besides, communicate by Bluetooth headsets when they are patrolling on their motorbikes, but the difference is that these headsets are built into the helmet and do not go into the ears. This sort of integral device is permitted, but no others.

Fine: 200 euro and the loss of 6 points

Reason: Distractions are one of the main contributing factors to road traffic collisions. Using your mobile means that the driver´s attention is distracted from the most important function, driving the car. Even the distraction for a second can be deadly, when the vehicle is moving at the same time.

### Failing to Carry the Correct Emergency Equipment

Offence: Failing to Carry the Correct Emergency Equipment.

Failing to carry the correct emergency equipment in the car will result in a fine. The mandatory equipment you must carry are two warning triangles, a reflective vest, and spare wheel, along with the tools to change it. It is no longer mandatory for you to carry spare bulbs or a spare set of spectacles, if you wear them, although it is advisory to do so.

Fine: 80 euro

Reason: In the event of an emergency it is important to be prepared. Warning triangles and high visibility vests save lives in the event of vehicle occupants having to leave the vehicle and move about the carriageway. Having an emergency wheel is also important to ensure you can continue with your journey in the event of one of the most common mechanical issues, a puncture.

### Failing to Indicate

Offence: Failing to Indicate.

Turning through a junction without the appropriate signals also carries a fine.

Fine: 200 euro

Reason: Indicators are designed to tell other road users of our intentions. They indicate what we intend to do. If we fail to use our indicators then we are posing a risk as other road users will be unaware of our intentions.

### Failing to Respect the Priority of Pedestrians

Offence: Failing to Respect the Priority of Pedestrians.

Failing to respect the priority of pedestrians and the fact that pedestrians take precedence will result in a fine and, depending on the potential risk to those pedestrians, the loss of 4 points.

Fine: 200 euro

Reason: Pedestrians are the most vulnerable of all road users. Facing a potential collision with a vehicle, the pedestrian will always come worse off, and so they need the most protection.

### Failing to Give Way

Offence: Failing to Give Way.

Failing to give way to another vehicle when that vehicle has priority and forcing them to brake or manoeuvre sharply will result in a fine and the loss of points.

Fine: 200 euro and the loss of 4 points

Reason: Junctions are very dangerous places. Vehicles which have priority and are already moving mix with other vehicles which try to join the flow but at generally lower speeds. Forcing any vehicle to deviate from its course, speed or direction creates a hazard which is dangerous.

### Driving on a Motorway in a Prohibited Vehicle

Offence: Driving on a Motorway in a Prohibited Vehicle.

Driving on a motorway in a prohibited vehicle, such as a horse or hand drawn vehicle, a cycle or moped for example, will result in a fine, as will carrying an insecure load which can fall or that compromises the stability of the vehicle.

Fine: 200 euro

Reason: Motorways are designed for fast and safe traffic. Although speed can be a contributing factor to incidents on the roads, motorways are designed in such a manner that they are generally safer at higher speeds than normal roads, with long sweeping curves and flat, straight sections, free from more vulnerable road users such as pedestrians and cycles, and largely free of distractions. Vehicles which are unable to reach a minimum threshold of speed are banned because as traffic is moving faster, reaction and stopping times are increased and if a slower vehicle is in the path of one moving at high speed there is less time to deal with that hazard.

### Wanted Driver Killed in Reckless Crash

The local police in Marbella have identified the victim of a late-night road traffic collision after a vehicle was found to have crashed into a tree.

The investigation concluded that the driver, a 33-year old male, died as a result of injuries sustained when his vehicle collided with the tree whilst travelling at 270 kilometres per hour.

The vehicle was also carrying a young female of 18-years of age who survived the crash but was trapped inside the vehicle, upside down, suspended by her seatbelt and in a distressed state.

The identification of the victim was further complicated by the fact he was carrying five different identities, including those of a Algerian and Belgian nationalities, but with the help of family members the identity was confirmed and it transpired that there were three outstanding arrest warrants in place for the deceased.

### Failing to Allow an Overtaking Vehicle to Return

Offence: Failing to Allow an Overtaking Vehicle to Return.

Driving close behind another vehicle and / or not allowing sufficient space for an overtaking vehicle to return to the lane safely carries a fine and the loss of points.

Fine: 200 euro fine and the loss of 4 points

Reason: Overtaking is one of the most dangerous manoeuvres any vehicle can carry out. Moving into the path of oncoming traffic means that the impact speed would be a calculation resulting from the total speed of each of those vehicle, and so on a stretch of road where the maximum permitted speed is 50 kilometres per hour, assuming both vehicles are travelling at that speed, in the event of an impact the overall speed would be the same as hitting a solid object at 100 kilometres per hour. Therefore, it is crucial that any overtaking manoeuvre is conducted in the shortest time possible. Preventing a vehicle from returning into the correct lane risks lives.

### Not Driving in the Right Hand Lane

Offence: Not Driving in the Right Hand Lane.

Not driving in the right-hand, normal driving lane, whether it hinders other traffic or not, and irrespective of the number of lanes available, will result in a fine.

Fine: 200 euro

Reason: The “normal” driving lane in Spain is the right-hand lane. In fact, the law not only says that we must drive on the right, it also says we must drive as far to the right as possible, subject to anything that might prevent this. Therefore, there is no reason to be in any lane other than the right-hand one, unless we are overtaking or there are other restrictions.

### Unnecessarily Lane Changing

Offence: Unnecessarily Lane Changing.

Changing lanes without respecting a vehicle already in that lane carries a 200 euro fine. Zigzagging between lanes will result in a 200 fine but may qualify as reckless driving, thus resulting in a 500 euro fine and the loss of 6 points.

Fine: 200 euro

Reason: The flow of normal traffic runs smoothly until such a time as the roads become congested, then it may be necessary for traffic to use more than one lane. Changing lanes impedes the flow of traffic, causes delays and can be dangerous, depending in the severity of your actions. Causing any other vehicle to deviate from its course speed or direction means that you have become a hazard, which is dangerous in itself.

### Failing to Maintain a Safe Distance

Offence: Failing to Maintain a Safe Distance.

Driving behind a vehicle without maintaining the correct and safe distance (which does vary with weather and road conditions), will result in a fine and the loss of points.

Fine: 200 euro fine and the loss of 4 points

Reason: Driving too close to the vehicle in front reduces your reaction time and your overall stopping distance, this making it more likely that you will collide with that vehicle if they have to react to something in front. Although there are mathematical calculations relating to the correct distance, always remember the 2 second rule and leave a 2 second time gap between you and the vehicle in front. To do this, find a fixed object ahead such as a sign or tree and count the time between the vehicle in front passing that point and the time you do. If you can´t time 2 seconds, at your normal speaking speed, say the phrase, “only a fool breaks the 2 second rule”, which takes about 2 seconds to say. In wet conditions, the gap should be at least doubled and considerably lengthened in the event of cold and icy conditions.

### Using Radar Detectors

Offence: Using Radar Detectors.

Owning or using radar detectors will result in a fine and the loss of points. Just carrying radar inhibitors will see you lose 6,000 euro (with no discount by the way) and losing 6 points. Some GPS devices have information which tells you where fixed radars and cameras are located. As this information is provided freely by the DGT with the intention of slowing traffic in these areas, devices which give this sort of fixed data information are permitted.

Fine: 200 euro and the loss of 3 points

Reason: Radar speed detectors are aimed at reducing casualties through detection. Anything which inhibits the safe operating of the roads is potentially deadly. The use of information relating to incident “black spots” is acceptable as this information is designed to reduce the speeds on entire stretches of roads.

### Programming Your GPS When Driving

Offence: Programming Your GPS When Driving.

It is perfectly legal to use GPS navigation devices in your vehicle, but you are not allowed to touch them when you are driving. Set your journey before you leave. If you go wrong, most devices will recalculate the route, so leave it alone until you are stopped safely.

Fine: 200 euro plus the loss of 3 points

Reason: Distractions are one of the main contributing factors to road traffic collisions. For a driver to reprogram a GPS, their attention is distracted from the most important function, driving the car. Even the distraction for a second can be deadly, when the vehicle is moving at the same time.

### Failing to Maintain the Proper Position in the Vehicle

Offence: Failing to maintain the proper position in the vehicle.

This can refer to passengers with their feet on the dashboard, drivers with their arms out the window, or any other situation where proper posture is not maintained.

Fine: 80 euro.

Reason: There are many reasons why this rule is important. For example, in the event of impact, the injuries sustained by a person with their feet on the dashboard are nothing less than horrific. The same goes for instances where limbs have been lost or severely injured on account of them protruding from the vehicle. Plus, the seats in a vehicle are designed to give maximum protection, and comfort, and not being correctly positions poses a risk, and can hinder visibility by the driver.

### New Section Launched – Fines and Sanctions

Being occasionally lapse with driving rules may be the scourge of the majority of road users, but when those simple one-offs become habits, you are not only risking lives, but a considerable financial outlay.

Without exception, ALL traffic rules and laws are aimed at one thing, to make the roads a safer place. The penalties associated with infractions are mostly intended to be a deterrent, which is why repeat offenders in some cases face harsher penalties, as do those who carry out the most dangerous acts.

However, because the risks associated with many of the commonest habitual offences go largely unnoticed, we are lulled into a false sense of security, that is until we get caught out, either by being involved in an incident where a contributing factor has been one of these risks, or, the better option in fact, being caught doing wrong by the traffic police.

Throughout February and beyond we will be building a new section of the website, one which details many of the most common traffic offences, and the fines and sanctions for committing them. The idea is of course to educate everybody by not only showing you the fines and sanctions faced, but also explaining a little bit about why it is a problem.

We also need to be clear about who we are referring to, because we are not only talking about drivers. When a cycle is being ridden, that bike then becomes a vehicle and is governed by the same laws as a car. If the bicycle is being pushed along then it is not classed as a vehicle, but pedestrians also have a legal responsibility when on or about the roads, as do passengers. In fact, quite simply, traffic law refers to everybody.

Keep checking back every day for the latest post and you will then be more knowledgeable in the risks surrounding these issues.

### The Revenge of a Radar Speeder

Traffic police in France have finally managed to identify the cause of seemingly random vehicles being clocked by a fixed radar traveling at excessive speeds.



The investigation, carried out by the gendarmes in Marie-Ségolène Poitou, began when an off-duty police officer was caught doing 120 kilometres per hour in his Porsche. Convinced of his innocence, the officer challenged the report and found that there had been similar drivers in the same situation, although many of those had accepted their fate and paid the appropriate fines, whilst some had received bans, with some of the drivers recorded driving in excess of 200 kilometres per hour and one of those clocked at a staggering 304 kilometres per hour.

As the investigation continued, the officers inspected the evidence recorded by the cameras and noticed that on each one, there was an unusual and unexplained apparition, a shadow that appeared near to the vehicles.

As the location was near to an airfield, the officers believed that the most likely explanation for the shadow was that it was being cast by something airborne, which was a stroke of genius, a consideration that turned out to be true.

Having set a trap, it wasn´t long before the investigators caught the low flying pilot performing his manoeuvre above the road and triggering the radar. With an inflight chase then resulting in the pilot being identified, he was promptly arrested.

The conclusion of the subsequent interview was that the pilot admitted that he had taken the action “for revenge”, having himself lost his car driving licence having been caught speeding by the radar.

The pilot will be brought before the courts but emergency legislation had to be brought into force as the case is believed to be the first of its kind in Europe.

### Tunnels and Underpasses

Traffic laws must be strictly adhered to in tunnels or underpasses on account of the increased risk factors involved in this type of road route, with attention specifically to such matters as using headlights, observing speed and safe distance requirements and not stopping, parking, changing direction or reversing.



When approaching most tunnels a blue rectangular sign provides some key information about the tunnel, such as the name and the length, as well as details about emergency help points within.



The speed limit in tunnels is controlled with the R-301 mandatory maximum speed limit sign (a red circle with the speed limit in the centre), although many also have an advisory maximum speed limit, indicated by the S-7 blue square with white numbers.



Before entering the tunnel we will also see the R-413 sign, a blue circle with a headlight pictogram in the centre, telling us that it is mandatory for us to use headlights at all times.


There may be other signs on the entry to tunnels such as the R-306 which prohibits heavy goods vehicles over 3,500 kg from overtaking.

Some tunnels have indicators above the carriageway which shows if the lane is open or closed. This is sometimes by means of a standard red or green traffic light and sometimes by means of a green arrow or red cross. These indication signs must be observed at all times. All signs, whether fixed or temporary, visual or audible, must be adhered to at all times.



In tunnels or underpasses where the traffic flows in both directions, overtaking is prohibited, unless an additional lane or lanes are provided for this.



A safe distance must always be maintained from the vehicle in front, with a minimum of 100 metres being required between each vehicle, the equivalent of a 4 second gap. Some tunnels have markings on the lanes to assist in keeping this distance. For those with no markings the four second gap can be monitored by counting the time between the vehicle in front of you passes a fixed point and the time it takes your vehicle to pass that same place.

In the case of vehicles with a maximum authorized mass exceeding 3,500 kg, the safe distance is increased to at least 150 metres or a minimum interval of at least 6 seconds.

Tunnels of some length will have pedestrian exits and help points which are for use in emergencies only. The exits are indicated by the universal emergency exit signs of a pictogram of a figure about to leave a door, and often accompanied by the words “Salida” or “Salida de Emergencia”.



The location of the closest emergency point is indicated by arrows on the wall of the tunnel. In the event of an emergency access point being in both directions, often a larger arrow will indicate the direction to the nearest emergency point or exit, which may be in front or behind.

In the event of being involved in an emergency in a tunnel, you must:

Switch off the engine, switch on emergency hazard lights and leave your vehicle lights on.

If the emergency makes it impossible for the vehicle to continue, try to steer the vehicle to the area reserved for emergencies in the direction of travel, such as the hard shoulder if available, or an emergency layby. In the absence of these features, you must try to stop your vehicle as close as possible to the right side of the edge of the roadway.

Use your emergency triangles to indicate your vehicle is creating a hazard.

All vehicle occupants must leave the vehicle and proceed to the nearest evacuation emergency exit.

In case of fire, the driver must make every effort to ensure vehicles do not block the path of the emergency vehicles attending. Turn off the ignition, leaving the key, and leaving the doors open. All vehicle occupants must leave by the nearest available exit in the opposite direction to the fire.

Hopefully our passage through the tunnel will be without incident and as we leave the tunnel, we will see more signs. As well as the S-6 sign indicating the end of the tunnel and subsequent restrictions, we sometimes a change in the speed limit but always a reminder about our headlights. This S-24 sign is different to the R-413 as it is a blue rectangle which displays a pictogram of the headlights along with a question mark. Whereas it is mandatory to switch lights on when entering a tunnel, it is not necessarily mandatory to switch them off, as it could be night time or during a period of poor visibility, so this sign is an informative version reminding us to check if we need to continue with our headlights illuminated.

### N332 Attended the first CLARO Friday Forum

On Friday of last week, members of N332 gace a presentation at the first C.L.A.R.O. Friday Forum on the Orihuela Costa.



The objective of the forum is to present local groups and associations to the residents so that they are aware of the work that they do in helping the community and also this gives the residents the opportunity to collaborate with these causes.

More than 150 people attended this first event in the Asturias Restaurant, which, according to C.L.A.R.O. President Paul Piccio, is intended to bring the residents and business owners of Orihuela together to share in the benefits of knowledge from the presentations by guest speakers which are of interest and use to all residents and visitors alike.



The presentation lasted just over an hour with Francisco Morales, a serving officer from the Guardia Civil traffic department, and former driving instructor Mark Nolan, talking about many of the most common questions that occur on the roads, and detailing some of the most common problems that the Guardia Civil come across on a daily basis, with the intention of educating and advising drivers of the correct procedures.



Recent changes to traffic laws were also covered in detail and at the end of the presentation there was an open forum for discussion and for any other questions to be answered.

The Friday Forums will occur throughout the year with a variety of guest speakers and are open to both members and non-members of C.L.A.R.O. alike.

C.L.A.R.O had a successful first FRIDAY FORUM last January 22, 2016 with the attendance of more than 150 residents. Thanks to everyone who attended and also thanks for the association N333 who were our guest speakers.C.L.A.R.O tuvo éxito en su primer FORO el 22 de Enero 2016 con la participación de más de 150 Residentes. Gracias a todos que han participado y también gracias a la asociación N332 por participar y ser nuestros invitados.Posted by CLARO on Saturday, 23 January 2016

### Priority Vehicles

Blue or orange flashing lights, sirens, bells, the very thought conjures up the image of an emergency vehicle, attending or dealing with a life threatening or emergency situation, but what about a car intermittently sounding its horn and waving a handkerchief? That too is a priority vehicle in certain circumstances, and other vehicles must move out of the way, if it´s safe to do so. Let us explain.



The rules relating to emergency vehicles are detailed in the text “Reglamento general de circulación sobre vehículos prioritarios”, or the general traffic regulations on priority vehicles.

Article 67 states that vehicles, either private or public, responding to an emergency situation have priority over all other road users. Under certain conditions, they are exempt from certain other rules and regulations whilst responding to emergencies, such as speed limits. They also have priority through junctions, intersections and traffic lights, so long as they take appropriate precautions to avoid collisions with other road users, such as ensuring other vehicles are topped or safe and that there are no pedestrians in their path, for example. These exemptions only apply when responding to an emergency situation.

Article 67 also states that the installation of light and sound emitting devices can only be done with specific authority from the Provincial Traffic Department, in accordance to rules governing this type of vehicle.

In Article 68, the correct procedures for drivers of emergency vehicles is detailed, including the provisions for not endangering other road users, and where vehicles responding to emergencies can, under certain circumstances, also have exemptions to other rules and regulations, including turning around on motorways and driving in the opposite direction to that permitted, and use their vehicles to block the road to assist others in dealing with emergencies.

Article 68 also explains how vehicles of law enforcement authorities such as the police and Guardia Civil, fire service, Protección Civil, rescue services and health, public or private, are all considered priority vehicles when dealing with emergencies and will warn of their presence by means of lights (as detailed in Article 173), and special acoustic signals (sirens or bells). The drivers of these vehicles also have to be considerate as to when they use their signal equipment so as not to present a hazard to other road users.

Tow trucks (gruas) attending emergencies are also considered priority vehicles when their orange lights are flashing. This is to ensure the fastest response time to clear up the debris and vehicles following road incidents and collisions, so those vehicles too are allowed to proceed in the same way as the ones already detailed.

So far, we have looked at the requirements of those operating the emergency vehicles, now we will look at the obligation of other road users regarding priority vehicles.

Article 69 explains the expected behaviour of other road users, which states that as soon as a driver notices the presence of a priority vehicle, by hearing the siren or seeing the lights for example, drivers must take appropriate measures, according to the circumstances of the time and place, to facilitate the passage of the priority vehicle, usually by moving to the right hand side, or stopping if necessary.

When a police or law enforcement vehicle positions itself behind any vehicle and also activated a red or yellow flashing, intermittent light, the driver of the vehicle must take appropriate precautions to stop their vehicle on the right-hand side of the road as soon as it is safe and practical. A police or law enforcement vehicle behind you with a flashing red or yellow light is telling you to stop.

Once stopped, you must remain in the vehicle and await instructions from the officers involved, either by means of a loud speaker, or directly.

The police and law enforcement officers also use other methods for instructing vehicles to stop, which are detailed in the article “Sings and Signals from Police Officers Controlling Traffic”.

The final section of this article deals with a seemingly very unusual situation, but one which could save a person´s life, which is why it is included in the legislation.

Article 70 explains how other vehicles can become priority vehicles dealing with an emergency, and are afforded similar rights to those official vehicles detailed already.

In certain circumstances, and only when there is a risk to life, any other vehicle can assume the role of a priority vehicle by intermittently sounding the horn, connecting an emergency light (if available) and using hazard lights, or waving a cloth, flag or even a handkerchief to raise the awareness of their presence to other road users.

Extreme caution must be exercised when driving under these circumstances, remember that the drivers of emergency vehicles are highly trained in the procedures and processes for moving through traffic and junctions at high speed, and even with their lights and sirens, there are numerous incidents recorded where drivers still fail to move over, and also numerous incidents of collisions. A normal vehicle without a livery, siren and lights may well confuse other road users, despite the use of the horn and waving a sheet.

In these situations, you must still respect the laws relating to the movement of vehicles, such as speed limits and giving way at junctions, this is not an excuse for any driver to break the law. You should also be aware that if you do take on the role of saviour with your vehicle, you are highly likely to have to explain the circumstances which prompted you drive in this manner to law enforcement officers, as the process is reserved for life-threatening situations, but one that may well mean the difference between life and death for a victim, and so is a valuable piece of information worth knowing.

Finally, remember, that if you see any vehicle displaying these characteristics, the situation they are responding to is likely to be one where a life or lives are in danger, so please respect their signals and move over to allow these priority vehicles to pass.

### Punto Negro?

Do you know the difference between “an accident blackspot” (“Punto Negro”) and “a dangerous stretch of road”?

An accident blackspot is a stretch of road in which 3 or more accidents involving victims occur within a calendar year, within 100 metres of each other.

A dangerous stretch of road (Tramo de concentración de accidentes or “TCA” in Spanish) is a stretch of road which has a significantly higher than average number accidents when compared to similar stretches of road.

The DGT used road signs to warn drivers that they are approaching a stretch of road where accidents are known to occur, in order to avoid further accidents.



Thanks to one of our followers; Sra. Linda White, for the translation. It is good to have people willing to collaborate with us on their free time. Thank you

### Burning Truck Caught on Dash Cam

A driver with a dash cam captured an unnerving image in an undersea tunnel in Hong Kong, when a truck was captured driving through the tunnel with its load on fire.

Luckily, nobody was injured and the truck managed to leave the tunnel where fire fighters extinguished the blaze.

### New Radars Capture Seatbelt and Mobile Phone Use

A new range of radar speed detectors in stalled by the DGT not only monitor for vehicles traveling in excess of the maximum permitted speed limit, they are also able to tell if a driver is not wearing a seatbelt or is talking on a mobile phone.

The cameras, which have been installed in 70 locations across the country already, look similar to the existing devices, but can capture images at 50 frames per second, which results in higher definition still images being captured which result in more details being collected and then analysed, such as the driver´s current activities, recording the vehicle information and processing the relevant evidence to qualify a sanction or complaint.

The aim of the investment in the devices is to improve road safety, with the latest data revealing that in the most recent campaign 1,349 drivers were reported for not using seatbelts and other 1,113 to using a phone whilst driving.

With the Pegasus radar already capable of capturing this detail, and recording the necessary evidential data, these latest ground-based cameras add to the arsenal of monitoring tools.

Further data also reveals that 77% of all people killed in vehicles are not wearing a seatbelt, and so by changing attitudes through enforcement, a significant number of lives can be saved.

### Insurance Fraud has Tripled Since 2013

In the latest data released this week, it has been revealed that out of every 100 insurance claims, 6 are attempted scams, resulting in an increase cost of 1,190 million euro per year, almost 20% more than in the last report from 2013, a cost which is inevitably passed on to those who choose to insure their vehicle correctly.



This data has been collated in the third such report since 2009, which reveals that 94.5% of attempted fraudulent claims are related to property damage, although the average claim is around 550 euro. Fraudulent injury claims make up 4.5% of the total, but with the average claim reaching 17,300 euro, the cost is far more than property.

Damage resulting in the total loss, or damaged beyond repair, is the most commonly occurring fraudulent claim, representing 3 out of 4 of these claims. In terms of claims of physical injury, whiplash is the most common fraudulent claim.

Most fraudulent claims are made in the summer months, between May and July, and in January, with Monday being the most likely day that fraudulent claims are made with 19% of all cases recorded. During the weekend, there are only 10% on a Saturday and 9% on a Sunday, as the fraudsters presumably enjoy their rest period.

The Murcia region is in the top three locations for insurance fraud, along with Cuenca and Jaén, whereas Soria, Salamanca and Burgos are the locations with the least fraudulent cases.

The average amount of each attempted fraud across the country is around 1,284 euros, 45% more than in 2013, although there are significant variations between some provinces. In Huesca, Lugo and Almería the average fraudulent claim is 4,800€, 3,600€ and 3,200€ respectively, whereas the fraudsters in Segovia, Zamora and Zaragoza make the smallest claims, with just 230€, 301€ and 390€ respectively on average.

The profile of the most prolific fraudster is a young male, under 26, with precarious employment or unemployed, or, surprisingly almost the opposite, middle-aged, educated and gainfully employed.

Men are more likely to boast of their fraudulent claims, even to strangers, whereas women pretend their injuries are worse than they are.

However, according to another report which surveyed of more than 1,200 drivers throughout Spain reveals that the intent to commit fraud has halved from two years ago. In addition, 73% of drivers (the equivalent of 19 million) would be willing to report someone if you got a direct economic benefit in return, a very common practice in the US or UK.

Nevertheless, more than 5 million motorists admit that they might commit fraud if they knew they would not be discovered. There is also greater awareness of the legal implications involved in these practices.

### Breakdowns and Assistance Increase

According to a report by the RACE automobile club, mechanical failures on the road increased by 9% in 2015, and assistance following crashes or other incidents increased by 11.2%, compared to the previous year.



The data was collated from information gathered whilst attending 600,000 roadside assistance cases in 2015, with the most common problems being batteries and tyres.

There were 122,935 battery related call-outs in 2015, although this did drop by 0.4%. IN second place was tyre related incidents with 56,624 call-outs, an increase of 11.1%. The company was called out to 29,914 crashes or similar incidents, an increase of 7.2%. There were 27,266 engine faults, up 7.2%, but these did not take into account the 28,389 alternator problems which increased by a staggering 58.3% over 2014.

There was particular concern pointed towards the condition of tyres, which can seriously affect the safety of the vehicle, made worse by weather conditions. In 11% of all faults recorded in tyre call-outs, replacement was necessary. In 17.9% of all cases, the spare wheel was not usable for one reason or another.

Regular checks on key areas of the vehicle, including tyres, is crucial to road safety. Simple checks on tread depth, pressure and signs of damage or wear can make the difference between life or death.

You can read more about tyre pressure by clicking this link. If you want to know more about Spanish tyre law, click here.

 

### Presentation on the Orihuela Costa on Friday

On Friday, members of the N332 group will be giving an informative talk in the Asturias Restaurant, between Torrevieja and the Orihuela Costa.

The talk has been arranged by the CLARO political party, who represent the residents of Orihuela, but everybody is welcome to attend.

The event starts at 5pm and runs through until 7pm. The talk will cover various aspects of driving in Spain, including some of the latest changes to the law.

Although everybody is welcome, we ask that you drop a quick email to news@n332.es saying how many people will be attending in your group, so that we can pass that on to CLARO and they can ensure that there are enough seats available.

After the presentation, the N332 members will be on hand to discuss any of the points raised or mentioned throughout the presentation.

### What Types of Vehicles Can I Drive?

If you look at the back of your driving licence you will see a list of vehicle categories determined by both a letter and a pictogram indicating the type of vehicle referred to. The license also displays dates next to those categories for which you are permitted to drive, in the columns headed 10, 11 and 12, which detail validity from and to dates and any observations respectively.



The vast majority of drivers in Spain have a category “B” licence, which means they are certified as qualified to drive a normal passenger car, but being qualified in that category also allows you to drive some other vehicles.

As a category B licence holder you are permitted to drive specially designed passenger cars, for private use, ranging from a small urban car, an SUV, minivan or sports car. There is no limitation to the type of vehicle, so long as it is registered as a private car, but there are limitations to the physical characteristics. Namely, a private car must be equal to or less than 3,500 kg in weight and can have a maximum of nine seats, including the driver. The vehicle can only be driven for private and leisure use and not for any commercial gain, whether that be for business or carrying passengers in exchange for cash or goods.

In the case of vans, you can drive any van in which either passengers, goods or both can be transported, whether that vehicle is approved as a private or commercial vehicle, so long as it has a maximum weight equal to or less than 3,500 kg and no more than nine seats including the driver.

For both cars and vans you can also attach a trailer with a category B licence, provided the total combined weight of the vehicle and trailer do not exceed the maximum weight permitted by the technical specifications of the vehicle.

In the case of passenger cars, there are two options allowed under a category B licence. Firstly, a passenger vehicle of up to up to 3,500 kg and a trailer not exceeding 750 kg, representing a maximum combined weight of 4,250 kg. Or a passenger car (up to 3,500 kg) and a trailer exceeding 750 kg, provided that the combination does not exceed 3,500 kg.

If the trailer exceeds 750 kg and the joint between car and trailer exceeds 3,500 kg but not exceeding 4,250 kg, it is necessary to take two specific practical tests which covers vehicle manoeuvres and dealing with traffic.

If the trailer exceeds 750 kg and the joint between car and trailer also exceeds 4,250 kg, it is necessary to obtain a BE category certification, which enables a passenger car to tow up to 7,000 kg, spread over 3,500 kg maximum weight for the car and 3,500 kg maximum weight for the trailer. This requires both a theoretical test and two practical tests, one of manoeuvres and the other in traffic.

However, in addition to what we might consider to be the normal vehicles one would expect to be able to drive with a category B licence, but there are others.

You are permitted to drive some two-wheeled vehicles with the category B qualification. Having the “B” category automatically qualifies licence holders for the AM category. That permits drivers to ride small mopeds with engines smaller than 50cc or an electric motor, provided that the vehicle has a maximum limited speed of 45 kilometres per hour and they are only ridden on urban roads.

After holding your category B licence for a period of 3 years, you are automatically upgraded to be allowed to drive vehicles requiring the A1 category, which permits you to drive small motorcycles up to 125 cc and with a maximum power of 11 kW (15 hp). However, you must be aware that this is only the case in Spain. This automatic classification is not effective in other European countries without obtaining the A1 classification qualification separately. That is why, even if your license is issued in Spain, you will not see the validity dates filled in on the back of the licence unless you have undergone specific examinations. In the event of a category B licence holder riding a 125cc motorbike and getting stopped to have your details checked at the roadside, the Guardia Civil traffic officers will refer to the dates of your category B validation to ensure you qualify.

With the category B license you are permitted to drive three-wheeled bikes or tricycles, provided that two of the three wheels are on the same axle. There are no limitations in terms of power, the only condition is that the manufacturer has had the vehicle approved as a tricycle and not as a three-wheeled motorcycle. The difference is that the tricycle requires specific approval and must have certain standard characteristics including a parking brake, minimum track width and lighting specific to this type of vehicle. If the vehicle does not meet these characteristics then they are subject to the conditions of licencing for motorcycles. A motorcycle with a sidecar for example is not classed as a tricycle and is governed by motorcycle licencing requirements.

All microcars and vehicles which have been approved as quads can be driven with the category B licence. This includes two categories of light quadricycle (with a maximum weight of 350 kg and maximum power of 4kW) and normal quads that can reach up to 550 kg maximum and up to 15 kW (20 hp). The four-wheel buggy type vehicle of more than 15 kW can also be driven, so long as they are classed as passenger cars. You can also drive quads or ATVs, whether of leisure or agricultural type and regardless of engine size or power.

 

 

### Huge Increase in Biker Deaths

Despite positive trends to reduce the number of fatalities on the roads of Spain, 2015 ended with the worst results for four years for deaths involving one particular type of vehicle – motorbikes.



In total, there were 247 motorcycle deaths on the main road network last year, 60 more than in 2014, representing an increase of 32%. This has been the worst year since 2011 when a similar number of people lost their lives in motorbike related incidents.

According to successive annual reports issued by the Ministry of the Interior, 270 deaths were recorded in 2011; 218 in 2012; 215 in 2013; 187 in 2014; and 247 in 2015. The data shows that a downward trend had been consistent, but the massive increase last year has given considerable cause for concern.

The Director General of the DGT, Maria Segui, had already expressed her concerns over the problem as the year was nearing a close, explaining the three apparent major contributing factors to the increase in motorbike deaths, namely increased mobility, the rise in the average age of such vehicles, and an increasing number riders not wearing a helmet properly, of the deaths last year, 13 people were not wearing a helmet.

The DGT believes that the increase in deaths is also related to the increase in use of vehicles. The economic upturn in 2015 resulted in an increase in traffic on the roads, partly for leisure and partly for work, as more people also managed to secure a job. In addition, according to the Bikers Mutual Association, the improved weather conditions throughout the year, especially during holidays such a Easter, meant that motorbike use seemed a more attractive option than ever before.

María José Alonso, Vice President of the Bikers Road Safety Platform, has blamed the authorities for not doing enough, especially in rural areas, by not improving roads and for not placing proper signage in appropriate places.

Many other groups representing the riders themselves are still denouncing the poor state of the roads and the lack of investment. The Spanish Road Association released a report claiming that the situation of the roads was “the worst since 1985” and that it needs 6,500 million euro investment in order to return them to their optimal state. Moreover, according to data from the DGT, 18% of those killed in 2015 died after crashing into a crash barrier, according to the group, reinforcing their calls for improvements or the rehabilitation of the roadbed, repairing the many cracks, potholes and poorly painted pavements, whilst also demanding that all crash barriers be replaced by those specifically designed to assist motorcyclists in the event of a collision.

### Police Seek Cyclist Riding at 80 Kilometres per Hour

An investigation was launched on Tuesday to identify a cyclist videoed travelling at 80 kilometres per hour behind a bus in Barcelona.



The occupants of a car videoed the cyclist on the Ronda de Litoral, using the slipstream from the bus to ease pedalling.

Despite being below the maximum speed whereas a radar detector would have caught the vehicle, cyclists, along with mopeds, pedestrians and vehicles transporting goods are not permitted on the particular stretch of road.



Meanwhile, complaints were once again raised this week over the dangerous practice of skateboarding along the steep and winding mountainous path at sa Calobra in Mallorca. A popular pastime for some years now there have yet to be any recorded serious incidents or fatalities, but motorists are urging the authorities to take action as it is only a matter of time before one of these frill seekers is killed or seriously injured at the hands of another road user innocently going about their business.

### Massive Increase in Drug Tests This Year

The Interior Ministry has announced that on behalf of the DGT the Guardia Civil intend to carry out more than 120,000 drug tests on drivers during 2016, representing an increase of 38% over 2015.

This increase of more than 45,000 tests compared to those in 2015 is in line with the Strategic Plan for Road Safety 2010-2020 and especially with one of the five areas of activity that the agency has defined as a priority for the “zero vision” in relation to the use of drugs and alcohol before driving.

In order to perform these tests, the DGT has a budget of 12 million euro specifically for the purchase of drug testing kits and supplementary materials, as well as the recruitment of laboratory services for the analysis of samples.

In the most recent data published, 59% of the drivers who had committed an offence and tested for the use of drugs gave a positive reading. Similarly, 33% of drivers tested at preventive controls were also positive for drug use.

In addition, in the annual report from the National Institute of Toxicology, statistics revealed that 39.09% of the deceased and analysed drivers (614 in total) had alcohol, drugs or psychotropic medication present in their blood. For pedestrians analysed (173), this figure rises to 40%.

It has been found that the saliva test for detecting the presence of drugs in drivers has had a deterrent effect, as was also the case with the introduction of alcohol testing. The increase in these controls among drivers, has already represented a reduction of at least 17% in the number of traffic incident.

The ministry is also investigating further developments in training and awareness of the dangers of drug and alcohol use and is encouraging regional and municipal authorities to also increase testing and awareness on the country´s minor roads.

### Almost 700 Euro Raised for the Children

At the start of December we launched the eBook, “The New Rules of the Road”, promising that all proceeds from the sale of the eBook between the launch date and 3 King´s Day would be given to the extremely worthwhile Elche Children´s Home.

We can now tell you that we sold almost double the target number of books and, with the exception of a small processing fee for our financial service provider, and the payment of VAT / IVA in the country of purchase, almost 700 euro was raised from the sales which has directly benefited the children.

Rather than handing over the cash direct, the money was spent on things that the home had asked for. Earlier in the campaign, we showed you how a football tournament was organised using some of the funds. That involved buying every child a Spain football kit, plus a trophy each, as well as the footballs and other football related materials.

A party was then held for the winners, who fortunately were the children from the home who beat the Guardia Civil officers in the tournament and were awarded their trophies. All of the food and drinks for the party were paid for with your contributions, making the overall event something that the children will remember for a very long time.

This week, the children have been presented with a new screen for their projector, so they can enjoy films, videos and other shows together in the group.

Finally, all of the children and their teachers are being taken for a day out at the cinema, making another memorable experience, all of which has been made possible thanks to your contributions to purchasing this eBook.

The campaign is now over and the eBook is on sale normally, although we have reduced it for the January sales. Any money now received will go towards funding our next projects and campaigns, including a second eBook which is due for release at Easter, with some of the proceeds from the sale of that product also being used to benefit another charitable group.

We will tell you more about the new eBook nearer the time, as well as details of our next chosen charity. For now, all that remains is for everybody involved in the N332 project to thank you for your contributions which we feel have gone a long way to making this Christmas period an unforgettable one for the children. Thank you.

### New record low in road fatalities

According to figures released by the Minister of the Interior, Jorge Fernández Díaz, and the Director General of Traffic, María Seguí last week, in the year just ended there have been 1,126 deaths from traffic accidents on urban roads in Spain, 6 fewer than in 2014



The minister said that Spain now has the fifth best road safety record in the EU along with Denmark and the United Kingdom and the figure represents the twelfth consecutive year that the country has achieved a reduction despite more than 14 million long-haul journeys, an increase of mobility of 4% over the previous year

During 2015, on interurban roads there have been 1,018 fatal accidents in which 1,126 people have died with an additional 4,843 requiring hospitalization for their injuries. The figures represent a 1% decrease (-6) in the number of deaths and 2% reduction (-105) in those admitted to hospital. Disappointingly, however, the number of accidents has actually increased by 3% (+34).

The death toll represents a record low since statistics first became available in 1960, when there were 1,300 deaths, however the scenario was quite different then, with just over one million vehicles on the roads, as compared to the 2015 figure in which the fleet exceeds 31 million.

The Director General said that the figures are only provisional, however, and refer only to fatal accidents on interurban roads which were recorded within 24 hours of the accident. The final and consolidated figures, which will take into consideration the victims who died within 30 days of accidents, on both urban and intercity roads, will be available in the coming months.

The figures show that Spain has a rate of 3.6 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants which is well below the average mortality rate in the EU of 5.1 per 100.000 inhabitants.

Drivers aged 65 years or over with 255 deaths accounted for 22% of the total, while in the age group 35-44 years, there were 211 deaths, 19% of the total, followed by those aged 45 to 54 years with 184 deaths 16% of the total.  Fatalities involving children up to 14 years of age were 20, 4 fewer than in 2014.

By sex there were far more male deaths than female. The proportion of males was 79%, an increase of 3% compared to 2014. For women, there was a 14% reduction over the previous year, with 38 fewer women killed.

22% of drivers and passengers killed in cars and vans in 2015 were not wearing a seatbelt.

 

Image:

The Minister iof the Interior, Jorge Fernández Díaz, with the Director General of Traffic, María Seguí, at the press conference.

### Road Markings and Lines

Road markings are there to serve as a means of separation for traffic, but they also provide the driver with information about the type of road and potential risks ahead.

Every road paints a picture, whether marked or not, the clues are there.

Continuous White Lines

A continuous white line on the road means that no vehicle is allowed to cross that line. A longitudinal mark consisting of two continuous lines has the same meaning. You are not allowed to cross the solid white line for any reason, such as turning into another road or overtaking. The only exception is in order to pass a cyclist, giving the minimum distance, and only when no other vehicles are approaching and only when it is safe to do so.



Broken White Lines

A broken white line is intended to guide the movement of vehicles within lanes and no vehicle should cross that line unless it is necessary and the flow of traffic permits it.

You are permitted to cross the broken white line in order to carry out a manoeuvre such as overtaking, so long as the way is clear, you don´t impede the movement of other vehicles. You must avoid the manoeuvre if you will not have time to return to your lane safely and before any other markings.

Where the white line is broken and singular we are permitted to cross, if needed and if it´s safe to do so.

Broken white lines are also used to indicate the approach to hazardous areas and locations. In the event of the gap between the lines is shorter than normal, it indicates an area more hazardous than usual. These lines are also often wider.

Broken white lines are also used to indicate a special lane for certain types of vehicles, in this case the lines are significantly wider than in the general case.

Double Solid Lines

Double solid lines have the same obligation as single lines, in that no vehicle is allowed to cross that line. Double lines are also used on reversible lanes or when traffic flows in both directions.

This road has double solid white lines in the centre. No vehicle is permitted to cross that line. However, it would also have the same meaning if it was only a single, solid white line.

In the event of one side of the double line being broken, vehicles on that side of the lane are allowed to cross the line if necessary, but vehicles on the side of the lane where the line is solid are not permitted to cross. This does not prevent vehicles which have been carrying out an overtaking manoeuvre to return to their own lane however.

In this example, vehicles heading in the direction of the picture are not permitted to cross the solid white line. Vehicles coming in the opposite direction are permitted to cross as their line is broken, but only if it is safe to do so.

The lines marking the edges of the road and parking areas are not considered longitudinal markings.

Stop Line

A solid line arranged across the width of one or more lanes indicates that vehicles must not cross that line unless the obligations of the road are complied with. If there is an octagonal “Stop” sign for example, or if the words are written on the road, then the vehicle must stop and give way to traffic on the main road. In the event of the line being located at traffic lights or pedestrian crossings then the obligations of the driver to stop are as per the rules relating to those signs or signals.

In the event of your vehicle being a motorcycle, the rider must put a foot down on the ground in order to ensure that the vehicle has stopped correctly.

The Stop Line is across the road just beyond the octagonal road sign. Here the word "STOP" is also painted on the road, but that is not always the case.

Give Way Line

A broken line across one or more lanes indicates that, except in unusual circumstances that reduce visibility, no vehicle may cross that line until the way is clear and they have given way to vehicles on the main road. These marking may also be used at crossings, in which case the traffic lights and general rules of the road must also be adhered to.

The Give Way lines on this picture are in the distance at the end of the lanes on the right, protecting traffic on the roundabout. They are accompanied by an inverse triangle painted on the road, but this is not always the case.

Pedestrian Crossing

A series of wide-width lines arranged in parallel to the axis of the road and forming a transverse set to the same band, indicate a pedestrian crossing, where drivers of vehicles must allow pedestrians to cross.

Vehicles must allow pedestrians to cross. Pedestrians also have a responsibility not to endanger themselves or other road users.

Cycle Crossing

A cross consisting of two parallel dashed lines on the roadway indicates a pathway crossing for cyclists.

Cycles may be ridden over crossings designated as for their use. Cycles may NOT be ridden across pedestrian crossings.

Give Way

A triangle marked on the roadway indicates the obligation at the next intersection to give way to other vehicles. If the symbol appears within a single lane, the obligations are only for vehicles in that lane.

Vehicles moving ahead must Give Way, as indicated by the inverse triangle painted on the road towards the right of the picture.

Stop

The <stop> symbol, marked on the road, indicating the driver required to stop the vehicle at or near the stop line or, if it does not exist, just before the road to which the vehicle is approaching and give way to vehicles on that road. When the symbol is placed within a lane, the obligation only refers to vehicles in that lane.



Speed ​​Limit Sign

In the event of a speed limit being printed on the road, usually by means of numbers within a circle, no vehicle may exceed the speed in kilometres per hour. If the figure is located within a lane, the prohibition only applies to that lane.

Lane Arrow

An arrow within the confines of a lane indicates that every vehicle must follow the direction indicated by the arrow. If your intention is to continue in a direction other than where the arrow points you must instigate the necessary safe procedure to move into the correct lane.

Double arrows, such as those on motorways at junctions, indicate that the lane may be used by vehicle continuing in the direction of the main carriageway, and those preparing to exit.



An arrow at the approach to the end of a lane indicates that another move needs to be correctly initiated in order to leave the lane.

A curved arrow situated between the spaces of the central white lines moving from the left of that line to the right, indicates the approach to a section of road where a continuous white line separates traffic and therefore vehicles such as those overtaking must return to their correct lane as soon as it is safe.

Other Markings

The letters P and N indicates the proximity of a level crossing.

Other areas may be identified as being for a particular type of vehicle, such as buses or taxis, or priority lanes for vehicles with higher occupancy. Parking may be indicated in some areas by means of working on the road and may indicate restrictions such as being reserved only for use by scooters.

Chevrons

An area marked by parallel oblique stripes framed by a continuous line indicate an area where no vehicle is permitted in that zone, except when forced to do so.

An area indicated by parallel oblique stripes framed by a dashed line has the same meaning, although vehicles are permitted to use this area in the event of needing to in order to carry out a manoeuvre that does not represent any danger.



Yellow Zigzags

Locations marked with yellow zigzag markings indicate zones where parking is generally prohibited as the area is reserved for special purposes which require the area to be kept clear.



Continuous Yellow Lines

A solid yellow line at the curb or at the edge of the road means that the stopping and parking are prohibited or subject to any temporary restriction, as indicated by signs along the entire length of the line and on the side in which it is located.



Discontinuous Yellow Lines

A broken yellow line on the curb or at the edge of the road means that parking is prohibited or subject to any temporal restriction, as indicated by signs along the entire length of the line and on the side in which it is located.

Yellow Grids

A yellow grid indicates an area where vehicles must not stop unless the exit route from the grid is clear and the only thing preventing the vehicle from continuing is oncoming traffic. If you think that your vehicle will stop and block the area marked out by the box junction, you must not enter the area.



Blue Line

Blue lines indicate areas where parking is permitted, and indicates that, at certain times of day, a fee may be payable.

### Happy New Year

Everybody at the N332 road safety project would like to wish you a very happy, peaceful and SAFE New Year for 2016.

The growth in the project in less than a year has been down to each and every one of you who have read the articles, asked questions, interacted, attended our sessions and took part in even the smallest of ways, because the aim or improving road safety is not a goal that can happen overnight, it takes a long time and will continue to, and so your continual involvement is both welcome and crucial to the success.

We thank you all.

We would also like to take this opportunity to thank the sponsors who have supported us this year. It is with their help that we have been able to develop to spread the message through different ways. We have other projects lined up for 2016, which we will reveal in the fullness of time, and they too are only possible through the support of these businesses, which we hope you will also support by visiting them and using their services as trusted partners of the N332 project.



Thank you all for 2015 and together we head into 2016.

Al Andalus Car Hire

Autos Direct

Ibex Insurance

Mercury FM

PSI Consultants

If you run a business and would be interested in joining these supporters, visit this link for details.

### Second Phase of Operation Christmas

Phase 2 of the special operation monitoring the roads of Spain starts on Thursday the 31st of December and runs through to Sunday the 3rd of January.

During this period, it is estimated that 3,450,000 trips will be made on the roads, of the 13.6 million journeys over the whole Christmas period.



The roads are expected to be busier around coastal and mountainous tourist destinations, as well as shopping and leisure centres.

The worst days are expected to be Thursday the 31st of December and Sunday the 3rd of January. These dates will see an increase mostly in longer journeys, as tourists move from inland and city areas to their coastal destinations. In between these dates, the increase will largely be on shorter journeys to the leisure and shopping centres, restaurants and bars.

Major cities will also see road closures in the centre for the celebrations to see in the New Year. Careful planning will be needed if you do intend to travel to the city centres to join in these celebrations.

It is also a tragic likelihood that there will be an increase in drivers consuming alcohol or drugs. As always, the best advice is to consume neither if you intend to drive and if traveling in groups assign a dedicated driver who will not consume any alcohol, or drugs, prior to driving.

Throughout the entire operation the Guardia Civil traffic police will be out in force to keep the roads safe, supported by colleagues from local, regional and national police forces.

The third and final operation coincides with the celebration of Three Kings, which will run between Tuesday the 5th and Wednesday the 6th of January.

### Changes to Spanish Traffic Laws - January 2016

Whilst renewing many of the older traffic laws in order to adapt to the modern world, Spain is also undergoing changes to legislation to meet the requirements of the European Union and help create a standardised road network across the continent.

These changes are constantly being developed and adapted and, although many of them are aimed at creating safer roads, some of them are questionable, although are to become mandatory in the New Year along with others.

One of the changed that is causing most concern is that of pillion passengers on mopeds. From January, moped riders who qualify for the AM licence for mopeds are permitted to carry passengers, so long as the vehicle is adapted thereof. This new rule is regardless of the age of the rider. Prior to this change, in Spain children under 18 were not permitted to carry passengers.

The BTP category will be removed from licences and is absorbed within other categories, so there is no longer a special requirement for drivers of emergency vehicles, taxis or school bus, other than the standard requirements.

So called “Mega-Trucks” up to 60 tonnes in weight and 25.25 metres in length are now permitted on the roads of Spain. This authorises trucks with more than six axles to travel through the road network, although special authority must be obtained so that the impact on road safety can be assessed. The idea is reducing transportation costs and, subsequently, passing savings onto consumers.



Sufferers of sleep apnea will no longer be automatically banned from driving, so long as the medical condition is certifiably under control by a medical professional.

In the event of death from a road traffic incident, the costs associated with medical examinations and autopsies will be covered by the government, which is hoped to provide better investigate resources in the event of a major incident.

There are many other laws which are set to change in Spain, many of which are detailed in the eBook, The New Rules of the Road, available from the website, n332.es/ebook.

### A Total of 2,328 Drivers Detected Having Consumed Alcohol or Drugs

In a week-long campaign focussing on detecting drivers who had consumed alcohol or drugs, 2,328 drivers tested positive in checks conducted mostly by the Guardia Civil with collaboration from the local police forces.



A total of 154,474 tests were performed during the week between the 14th and the 20th of December and of the 2,328 drivers who failed the test, 570 proved positive for drug use and 1,758 for excessive alcohol.

There were 152,795 breathalyser tests conducted, with 1,758 drivers proving positive. In the 1,679 drug tests performed, 34% of drivers subject to testing gave positive saliva tests. Cannabis and cocaine are still the drugs most consumed by drivers who tested positive.

The focus of the DGT to eradicate drivers who get behind the wheel after consuming alcohol or drugs with the intended aim of zero tolerance.

The maximum permitted rates of alcohol consumption when driving are lower in Spain than many other countries. In providing a sample of exhaled air, the maximum reading allowed is 0.25 mg/l for normal drivers, 0.15 mg/l for professional and novice drivers.

Depending on the reading given in the breathalyser test will determine if the offence is treated as an administrative infraction or as a crime.

Producing a 0.25 mg/l and 0.50 mg/l reading in the breathalyser test will result in the loss of 4 points and a 500 euro fine. Exceeding the limit with a result more than 0.50 mg/l in exhaled breath will result in the loss of 6 points and a 1,000 euro fine. For repeat offenders, the fine is automatically 1,000 euro, plus the loss of more points, depending on the severity of the reading given.

If the reading is 0.60 mg/l in the breathalyser, then the infraction is automatically treated as a criminal offence. This reading would result in imprisonment of between three to six months or a fine of six to twelve months or community service from 30 to 90 days, as well as the deprivation of the right to drive from one to four years.

Refusal to submit to testing will also result in criminal proceedings resulting in imprisonment for six months to a year and deprivation of the right to drive from one to four years.

In the event of having consumed drugs before driving, the penalty is imprisonment of three to six months or a fine of six to twelve months or community service from 30 to 90 days, and deprivation of the right to drive from one to four years.

Refusal to submit to testing will also result in imprisonment for six months to a year and deprivation of the right to drive from one to four years.

As usual in campaigns carried out by the DGT, the collaboration with local and regional police forces has been very important, since alcohol and drug controls were performed in both urban and interurban roads. Data from these sources during this latest campaign are still being processed and will be added to the final results in due course.

Although the campaign has ended, officers of the Guardia Civil continue to control the use of alcohol and drugs by drivers at any time of day and on any road in order to discourage this extremely dangerous activity.

### Roadside Licence Withdrawal

As we all get older, our body changes with us. Sometimes at a rate that is noticeable, but all too often without us realising the impact that some of these seemingly gradual changes can have.

Reduced vision, limited mobility due to aching bones, tremors and muscle spasms, general confusion and the body naturally slowing down are all problems associated with aging, but they are problems that can have fatal consequences when mixed with roads and traffic, as can the methods many of us adopt to try to reduce these symptoms, prescription medication.

In the event of being involved in an incident on the roads, the Guardia Civil traffic department can withdraw your licence at the roadside if they feel that your health and status is a contributing factor, a matter which you may need to have medical proof to resolve.

In early October in the Ourense area of Spain, an octogenarian driver was stopped by the Guardia Civil for entering the motorway on the opposite carriageway and driving towards oncoming traffic. The driver was intercepted by the Guardia Civil and, rather than admitting or accepting that he had done anything wrong, proceeded to argue with the officers that he was in fact driving correctly. His licence was withdrawn immediately.



In the Ourense area, some 45 drivers have had their licences withdrawn this year on suspicion of being unfit to drive on medical grounds. Most of those drivers have accepted fate and given up driving altogether, others have taken to obtaining a certificate through a fitness course and test. Three of those drivers failed that test.

Frequent check-ups with the doctor and optician are a must, becoming more frequent the older we get. It is crucial that you mention to your doctor that you drive, so that they can monitor the effects and consequences of treatments and conditions.

### Man Fined For Adapting Road Markings

A court in the Extremadura town of Zafra has fined a farm owner for modifying the white lines on the road in order to seemingly allow him permission to enter his property.



The man was fined 1,440 euro, the equivalent to 6 euro per day for 8 months, and 14 days community service.

Solid white lines indicate areas where vehicles are not permitted to cross the line. In the event of a centre line being solid, it is not possible to cross that line for any reason, including overtaking or accessing or egressing junctions. The only exception is if that line is broken, or broken on one side, which indicates that you are allowed to cross.

Seemingly knowing that the markings indicated that the farm owner was not allowed to cross the line to enter his property, the man took it upon himself to break the solid line, thus giving the impression that the manoeuvre was permitted.

Prosecutors considered this to create a “serious risk” to other road users, as the solid line concept is designed to afford increased protection from vehicles crossing the path of others. In this case, the area near to a bend and a dip in the road, which made the area increasingly dangerous due to a reduction in visibility and reaction time.

Although this type of activity is relatively rare on main roads, the instances always occur in areas of heightened risk, which is why the prosecutor considers the activity to be so serious. The matter is covered by the Penal Code and is so serious that it can lead to a custodial sentence of up to two years.

The occurrence of road marking changes are more common in local authority areas where access to individual homes require licencing through the Vado scheme, although some residents ignore this requirements and create their own access routes.

Road markings and signs are there to help all road users, and in areas where additional protection is considered important, it is crucial to be alert for potential hazards.

### Busy Roads for Christmas

The special operation monitoring Christmas traffic begins at 15:00 on Wednesday 22 December, and runs through until Wednesday the 6th of January.



During the period, the DGT estimate some 13.5 million journeys will be made on the roads of Spain as families get together to celebrate the festive season, schools and offices close their doors and there is an increase in visitors to shopping and leisure centres.

The operation is separated into three distinct phases, divided as Christmas, New Year and Three Kings. The 1st phase runs between Thursday the 24th and Sunday the 27th of December. Phase 2 is from Thursday the 31st of December until Sunday the 3rd of January. Phase 3, the final operation, runs from Tuesday the 5th until Wednesday the 6th of January.

There will be a number of problem times when driving is only recommended if it is necessary, as the roads will be particularly busy.

During the Christmas operation, the worst times are between 18:00 and 21:00, with an hour either side also being problematic. Mornings are also expected to be busier than normal.

For the New Year period, the worst times of day are between 10:00 and 13:00, and again an hour either side. Late night over New Year itself is also a particularly dangerous time.

During the final stage for Three Kings, the worst times are between 19:00 and 21:00, and an hour either side.

There will be a temporary ban on most road works and restrictions in place for certain heavy goods vehicles in order to ease congestion. Additional lanes will be provided in some areas, especially near larger cities.

There will be an intensified campaign to identify problem drivers, especially those who consume alcohol or drugs.

In order to ensure safety on the roads, there will be around 10,000 Guardia Civil traffic officers on duty, supported by 800 monitors and 13,000 operational staff.

The traffic flow will be monitored through 1,603 cameras, 2,388 data collection stations and by use of 2,214 variable message signs.

The 12 helicopters operated by the DGT will also be in the air carrying out surveillance missions from bases in Madrid, Valencia, Malaga, Seville, Zaragoza, Valladolid and A Coruña. Of those, 8 of them are equipped with the Pegasus radar detection equipment.

Always allow extra time for your journey, take plenty or rest breaks, take your time, observe the rules and laws and try to avoid the busiest times where possible. Avoid consumption of alcohol or drugs and respect your fellow road users and you should be able to enjoy the festive season safely.

### 'Discussion' Leads to Airport Crash

Two vehicles were involved in a serious collision near to Málaga airport on Tuesday afternoon in what is being described as a road range incident.



The incident occurred at 16:25 when the local police received an emergency call alerting them to the incident. A number of patrols attended the scene and, having found neither driver to be injured, set about investigating the circumstances.

The officers ascertained that the two drivers were employees of car hire companies operating at the airport and had been involved in a “discussion” about a manoeuvre prior to the incident. The drivers also reported their "intention" was to report the altercation to the National Police before the two vehicles had crashed.

The investigation continues, meanwhile, here are some tips and advice for avoiding road rage.

### Guardia Civil Officers Injured by Insecure Load

Two Guardia Civil officers involved in a routine patrol were injured when their vehicle was in collision with logs which had fallen from a truck transporting them.



This particular incident occurred in Alconada in Soria in January of 2014, but is serves as a timely reminder that it is important to make sure that any load being carried in or on a vehicle is secure at all times. During the Christmas period there are often more trips made on the roads, sometimes carrying presents and gifts, sometimes with extra loads as families go to stay away from their homes.

Objects inside a vehicle become projectiles in the event of a collision or sudden braking and can cause damage to both the people inside the vehicle and the vehicle itself, such as smashing windows.

Loads carried outside the vehicle must be secure and fixed firmly. In this case they became loose. There are also restrictions to loads overhanging vehicles, aimed at safeguarding those outside and surrounding your car.

The result of this incident could have been considerably worse than it was for those involved.

The officers were lucky to walk away with only minor injuries whereas the truck driver was charged with driving with an insecure load and speeding.

This story contains links to some of our archived articles about carrying loads in vehicles. Please click the links to learn more.

### New Windscreen Scam Warning

A warning has been issued regarding a new scam warning that is being spread through social networks around the globe.

The instigator of the scam places a cash note on the windscreen of the car, affixed by the windscreen wipers.



The idea is that once inside the vehicle, the driver will see the note and, thinking that their luck has just come in, exit the car in order to retrieve their booty.

At this point, with the engine still running, the scammer would rush into the vehicle and drive off, leaving the victim holding a note, which is actually a fake.

Although there are currently no reported cases of this happening in Spain, it is only a matter of time before somebody attempts it, and succeeds.

The advice is always to check around the vehicle before you enter it, not only looking for things placed on your windscreen or back window, but also checking for obvious damage and that your tyres are inflated.

By the way, it is highly unlikely that anybody would leave money for you in this way, so if you do see such an occurrence, don´t build your hopes up and stay alert.

### Merry Christmas from N332

Firstly, we would like to wish you all the compliments of the festive season, a happy Christmas and a peaceful New Year.

We thought we would share a little bit of information with you as an overview of what has been happening this year for us, and some of our plans for next year.

The holiday season is always a worrying time on the roads, as more journeys are made, to the shops and to visit relatives for example, the days are shorter and the dark nights longer, the weather is cooler and can pose additional problems on the roads, and, unfortunately, there is often an increase in the number of drivers who have consumed alcohol or drugs.

All this week, both the Guardia Civil and Local Police have been out in force carrying out intensified checks for drivers who have got behind the wheel having consumed alcohol or drugs, with a target of 25,000 tests each day. Those checks will continue right through the holiday season. Although the permitted alcohol limit in Spain is lower than that of the UK, the best advice, as always, is if you are going to drive, don´t consume any alcohol or drugs.

We would like to thank you for your support of the N332 Road Safety project so far. Both the Facebook page and the website have grown considerably in a short space of time, proving to everybody involved that there is a need for the information we share, and your appreciation of it.

We have had an interesting year as well. We have spoken to a number of groups about road safety, such as the Royal British Legion in Spain, the Association of Retired Police Officers and the ADAPT association. We also gave two presentations to international residents in the Orihuela Costa town hall, one to an English speaking group, the other to German speakers. Only this week, to the pupils of El Limonar International School. In January we already have a talk scheduled with the CLARO group on the Orihuela Costa, and will also be giving talks to the clients of IBEX insurance, as well as others that we are scheduling now.

We also met with the new Vice Consul for the Alicante area in the British Consulate, to see how we can work together in sharing their information as well as being present in some of their talks, another positive move to spread the word of safety to others.

We published our first eBook, The New Rules of the Road, which details some of the changes to traffic laws in Spain, which we have been able to do thanks to the support of our sponsors, Al Andalus Car Hire, Mercury FM, Autos Direct, IBEX Insurance and PSI Consultants.



When the eBook was launched at the start of December, we decided that all of the proceeds, with the exception of VAT/IVA and a small credit card processing fee, would go to help those in need this Christmas, namely at the Elche Children´s Home.

This week, the proceeds donated so far were spent on creating a unique event for the children, where the officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department played a football tournament against the children.

All of the children (who beat the Guardia Civil by the way) were given a football shirt, trophy, footballs and then a celebratory party afterwards with all the food laid on as part of the day´s event.



Your generosity made that possible and made every one of those children raise a smile and enjoy a special day that will stick in their mind for a long time.

By the way, the eBook is still available and we will continue to donate ALL of the proceeds received up until the night of the Three Kings to the children´s home. You can find out more about the book, and purchase it if you haven´t already, on the website, n332.es/ebook.

By Easter, we will have another eBook available, and we are talking to other charities to see how we can offer them some support from those proceeds.

Traffic law changes all the time, there are some changes which come into force in January, which we will tell you about shortly too. Therefore, we will continue into 2016 with the positive message of safer roads for all by sharing the information with you, and these email newsletters will be a regular occurrence, as well as the videos we are producing, complimenting the information we post. It is because of your appreciation and your support that we do this, because together we can make the roads safer for all.
We have a few opportunities for businesses to support our future projects too. If you have a business and would be interested in sponsoring us in exchange for advertising on our website, future eBooks or our monthly newsletter, please get in touch by emailing admin@n332.es or visiting n332.es/about-us/advertise/

Please keep checking the website for regular updates and, if you´re on Facebook, make sure you follow the DrivingSpain page, where you can interact with the Guardia Civil traffic officers who post their articles on a regular basis.

All that is left for this newsletter to once again wish you a very happy, peaceful and safe Christmas and New Year.

### Thanks for Helping the Children

Since the start of December, many of you have purchased the eBook, The New Rules of the Road, which details some of the changes to traffic laws in Spain, some already implemented and some due in the near future.

When the eBook was launched, we decided that all of the proceeds from the eBook, with the exception of VAT/IVA and a small credit card processing fee, would go to help those in need this Christmas, namely at the Elche Children´s Home.

This week, the proceeds donated so far were spent on creating a unique event for the children, where the officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department played a football tournament against the children.



All of the children (who beat the Guardia Civil by the way) were given a football shirt, trophy, footballs and then a celebratory party afterwards with all the food laid on as part of the day´s event.



Your generosity made that possible and made every one of those children raise a smile and enjoy a special day that will stick in their mind for a long time.



As a final gesture, the officers have all signed a Guardia Civil Trafico shirt which they are now auctioning, with the winning bidder being asked to donate a voucher, such as for Decathlon for example, to the children´s home.



You have until a minute to midnight on Sunday night to make you bid for this extremely precious prize, not only because of what the item is, but also because of what will come from your generosity.



You can bid by leaving a comment on the Facebook link, by clicking here. Or by filling in your details below...

[contact-form-7 id="2502" title="Bids"]

By the way, the eBook is still available and we will continue to donate ALL of the proceeds received up until the night of the Three Kings to the children´s home. You can find out more about the book, and purchase it if you haven´t already, by clicking this link to the web page https://n332.es/ebook/.

Thank you for your support so far.

### Alcohol and Drugs Test Focus This Week

All this week, there will be a focus on one of the main contributors to road traffic incidents, alcohol and drugs.



The Guardia Civil Traffic police will be out in force with plans to conduct at least 25,000 alcohol and drugs tests each day until Sunday.

The main goal is to detect and deal with habitual offenders, who get behind the wheel on a regular basis whilst having consumed alcohol or drugs. The latest figures extracted from the most recent data available suggests that there may be around 12,000 drivers who met this continually dangerous criteria.

So far this year, more than 84,000 drivers have tested positive, risking not only their own but the lives of many innocent victims who all too often leave the scene of the carnage facing a life dealing with serious injuries and, on too numerous occasions, leaving the friends and families of loved ones having to deal with their death.

According to the annual report of the National Institute of Toxicology, the 39.09% of deceased drivers displayed the presence of alcohol or drugs in their blood. The figure rises to 40% when pedestrians are analysed.

Even the smallest amount of alcohol or drugs can affect driving ability and so, despite Spain having considerably lower maximum limits than countries such as the UK, the best advice is always zero consumption before getting behind the wheel.

### Guardia Civil Officers Injured in Car Ramming

The Guardia Civil in Madrid activated a search protocol on Sunday to try to locate an individual who rammed a patrol car and then absconded after the two officers attempted to stop a vehicle.

The incident took place on Sunday afternoon in the Las Rozas area of the capital when the officers tried to stop a car for a routine check. Rather than stopping the vehicle accelerated and attempted to escape.

The vehicle then rammed the patrol car and fled the scene. The officers were naturally shaken by the incident but otherwise uninjured.

The Guardia Civil subsequently launched a region-wide search to find the assailant.

### Orihuela Motorway to be Widened

The Spanish Ministry of Development has published details of formal plans to widen the A-7 motorway to three lanes between kilometres 741 and 757 through the Alicante province.



The route runs through the mountainous region near to Orihuela on the section that links Benferri, Monteagudo and Fortuna with Orihuela.

The 14 kilometre section has a budget of 84.2 million euro and is a road which is frequently used my heavy goods vehicles and tourist traffic due to the importance of the networks linked.

The widening scheme will extend the current path of the road where most of the infrastructure is already in place.

### Different Shapes of Road Signs

Road signs provide a wealth of information that not only keeps us safer on our journeys, but also provides useful information.

Pictograms are used to allow us to absorb the subject matter quicker than if we have to read the information in text form, and the shape of the sign also tells its own story.



There are three basic shapes for road signs. There are actually another two but we will talk about those separately. The three main shapes are circles, triangles and rectangles or squares.  Each one of those shapes tells us something different.

Circular signs are mandatory, they give us orders. It´s easy to remember if we think of the “O” for orders. There are two different types of circular sign.

Circular signs with a red border tell us what we must NOT do. For example, no overtaking, no left turn, don´t go over the maximum speed indicates. Red circles tell us what we must NOT do.



Blue circles are the opposite, they tell us what we MUST do. For example, ahead only, turn right, switch on your lights, go around the roundabout in an anti- clockwise direction. Blue circles tell us what we MUST do.



Triangular signs are warnings. They give us advanced information of a hazard ahead, such as a pedestrian crossing, traffic lights, road narrows ahead. Triangles are warnings.



Rectangular or square signs are advisory or informative. They tell us something useful, such as the recommended maximum speed, no through road, or tunnel for example. Some of the signs indicate areas where mandatory rules also apply, such as signs indicating the start of a motorway, or on a one-way street or a bus lane, so it is important to know which ones are which.



By knowing these basic shapes it allows us to determine and process the information and the importance of what we are being told.

The other two shapes, which don´t fall into any of the other categories because of their uniqueness are the octagonal “Stop”, sign, an almost universal symbol, which is important because it is telling us to stop and give way, and the inverted triangle which is also unique as that sign is also telling us to give way to traffic on the major road. Both of the signs are mandatory and are two of the most important signs on the road.

Remember, circles are orders, triangles are warnings and squares and rectangles are advisory information. They are the three main shapes of road signs.

By the way, this principle is the same as in the UK, and many other countries too.

### What is Virtual Crash Testing?

Brian Cooley from Cnet on Cars takes a look at how CAD -- computer-aided design -- is changing how automotive crash testing will be performed in the future.

### Almost 25,000 Drivers Reported in Latest Campaign

During the latest campaign focussing on three of the most common contributors to road traffic incidents, which ran at the end of November, 480,000 vehicles were checked during the seven-day surveillance campaign, resulting in 24,543 drivers being reported.



The biggest proportion of the complaints filed were for failure to comply with the maximum permitted speed. A total of 39% of vehicles were found to be exceeding the speed limit, 13% were exceeding the maximum limit by more than 20 kilometres per hour. In total, 15,301 drivers are now financially worse off, but hopefully more aware of the dangers of inappropriate speed.

There were still far too many vehicle occupants not wearing a seatbelt. During the single week, 1,041 people were reported for seatbelt related offences, whereas 61 drivers were brought to account for not securely restraining children in the appropriate seatbelt and security system. The message that wearing a seatbelt halves the risk of death is not getting through to some people.

Similarly, the importance of wearing a crash helmet correctly is being ignored by some. A total of 39 people were reported for not wearing a crash helmet whilst riding a motorcycle or scooter. Not wearing a helmet increases the risk of head injury, the severity of the injuries, the length of hospital admission and the likelihood of death from head injuries. It is worth remembering that 3 out of 4 motorcyclists die as a result of head injuries.

Using a mobile phone earpiece or headphones whilst driving is another common occurrence, in addition to drivers using their mobile phone or programming their GPS, all of which are not permitted when driving. During the campaign, 885 drivers were reported for distractions such as these. A seemingly simple process of answering a call, send a whatsapp or holding a conversation whilst driving diverts the driver and, in far too many cases, has had lethal consequences. Of those drivers reported, 646 were for using their mobile phone while driving.

Continuing with the goal of zero tolerance on alcohol and drugs on driving, during the campaign there was an increase in the number of alcohol and drugs checks for drivers. In the seven days, 1,116 drivers tested positive, 807 for alcohol and 309 for drugs.

Because of the dangers associated with conventional roads, overtaking, crossings or passing priorities are especially controlled. For a week, 268 drivers were caught carrying out a dangerous overtaking move and 234 for failing to stop or give way at a junction.

The maintenance and physical characteristics of the vehicle can also be a contributing factor to road incidents. Within the week, 1,457 drivers were reported for driving vehicles with significant technical deficiencies, 53 of them were immobilized for technical deficiencies that made it impossible to continue the journey.

Finally, not carrying the appropriate or up to date documentation resulted in 1,123 drivers being reported, in most cases for not having last ITV. Finally, 648 drivers were reported for not carrying or having incorrect or out of date correct personal documentation.

### New Vice Consul For Alicante Appointed

The British Embassy announced that Sara Munsterhjelm has been appointed as Vice Consul for the British Consulate
in Alicante.



Sara has worked at the Alicante Consulate for more than six years, assisting vulnerable British nationals, and previously worked in the Department of Health team, also based in Alicante. Her roles have given her an insight into many of the challenges and benefits experienced by those visiting or living in Spain.

Sara said: "I am really excited about the opportunity to take a lead in the support we offer British nationals in this area of Spain. My experience means I have a good understanding of the needs of residents and tourists, and I'm looking forward to working with the local Spanish authorities and the voluntary sector to ensure Brits can access the support and information they need."

Sara has lived in Alicante for nine years with her family, having moved to Spain shortly after completing a degree in Spanish and German at the University of Manchester.

Sarah-Jane, Consul for Alicante and Madrid said: "I'm very pleased that Sara is taking over as Vice Consul in Alicante.
Her experience puts her in a great position to make sure we continue to offer a high quality service to all our customers."

Alicante is one of the busiest British Consulates in the world, and handled almost 450 deaths, detentions and hospitalisations in 2014/15. The team also dealt with more than 1200 cases of lost and stolen passports.

The consular region covers Alicante, Valencia, Castellón, Murcia and Albacete. The region has 120,000 Britons registered on the padrón and receives more than two million British tourists each year.

Sara Munsterhjelm replaces Lloyd Milen, who has taken over as Consul-General for north-east Spain and the Balearic Islands, based in Barcelona.

### Have you got Your eBook Yet?

The new eBook, The New Rules of the Road, is now available from the n332 website.
With 76 pages, complete with pictures, the ebook takes you through some of the latest and proposed changes to the traffic laws in Spain.
Some of the laws are already in force, such as children no longer being allowed in the front seats of vehicles, other laws will come into force soon.

For more information, visit the page, n332.es/ebook.

### Bikers Injured in N-332 Crash

Three people were seriously injured on Saturday in an incident involving four motorcycles and a car on the N-332 main road between El Campello and Villajoyosa.



The incident occurred at around 16:00 at kilometre 128.

Emergency medics attended the scene along with the Guardia Civil. One of the motorcyclists reportedly tested positive for alcohol at the scene.

Traffic was backed up for some time whilst the debris was cleared from the road.

### Drunk Driver Smashes 15 Cars

A drunk driver who was six-times over the maximum permitted limit caused damage to fifteen vehicles, as well as his own, whilst driving through the maritime district in Castellón on Sunday night.



The driver of the BMW lost control of the vehicle at around 00:45 and smashed into the other cars which were parked on the street.

A witness alerted the local police who attended the scene and found the driver conscious, though displaying signs of having consumed alcohol. The officers requested a testing unit attend the scene and breathalysed the 23 year old Spanish national who found him to be positive for alcohol.

The driver had suffered numerous, though not life threatening injuries, and the subsequent inspection of the area revealed a variety of street furniture and features had also been damaged.

### Two Injured in Alicante Tram Collision

Two people were injured on Monday evening in a collision between a tram and a car in Alicante.

The incident occurred on avenida de Miriam Blasco when the vehicle apparently crossed the path of the tram which was unable to stop before colliding with it on a controlled crossing.

The victims in the car suffered minor injuries as a result, including neck pain and concussion.

### The New Rules of the Road

You can now purchase the eBook "The New Rules of the Road" in PDF form by following the link below.

This eBook details the changes to traffic law at the start of 2017.

To purchase your copy, click the button at the bottom, which will take you to PayPal via our on-line partner, PayHip. It is totally secure and if you have a PayPal account you can simply use that, or you can pay by Credit or Debit card by looking at the symbols on the PayPal page. 

If you are unable to use PayPal or Credit / Debit cards, other options such as bank transfer may be available. Email admin @ n332 . es and we will try to assist you (please note, there should be no spaces in the email address, we have put them in here to avoid spamming robots)


Buy Now

...





Thank you,

### Helping Children with The New Rules of the Road eBook

The rules of the road change constantly. It is an idea that we don´t always keep abreast of, sometimes allowing our knowledge to lapse and often being surprised when we encounter the reality of what those changes mean.

Currently, the trend is about creating safer, shared spaces on the roads, where all different types of vehicles can move in a harmonious manner, whilst still maintaining safety for all, especially those more vulnerable road users.

Slowing down and adjusting to the environment is crucial to this trend, as is staying safe both within and outside the vehicles.

In Spain, some of those changes have already come into force, for example restricting children to travelling in the back seats, others will come into force in the future.

In order to help with the transition we have created an eBook, “The New Rules of the Road”, which details those changes in full, and how the future of traffic management and flow is geared more towards those shared spaces.

In addition, knowing that not everybody has access to the internet, we have also included some of the most popular articles from the n332.es website, which we hope can serve as a resource to accompany the information which we update on a regular basis.



The overall aim of the publication is to help and assist. To provide the information that may make the roads safer for all. However, because we are approaching Christmas, a time of year many people face with dread, we have decided to donate all of the proceeds from the sale of the eBook to those who are in need, facing the daunting time of Christmas without their natural family environment, by donating the profits to the Elche Children´s Care Home.

We decided to pass on the financial benefits of the sales to this registered charity because we are heading towards Christmas, which can be a very hard and difficult time for these children. So, with your help, we can all do our bit to help give them a very special Christmas, whilst you too benefit from the knowledge and information in the eBook.

You can now purchase your own personal copy of the eBook by clicking this link and reading the page, and at the end of the campaign we will details exactly how much your generosity has contributed towards making this a very special Christmas for the children in the Elche Children´s Care Home.

Thank you,

N332 with the Elche Children´s Care Home

### The DGT Provides 10,000 Drug Test Kits to Local Police

The DGT has invested in the provision of 10,000 drug testing kits which it will give to local police forces around the country in order for them to better monitor local roads for drivers under the influence of drugs.



The kits will be shared with 100 municipalities across 15 provinces where 450 officers have also been trained in their use. The overall goal is to reduce the consumption of drugs and narcotics at the wheel and thus improve road safety on urban roads.

Under the agreement with local authorities, the police will be required to carry out at least 20,000 drugs tests in 2016.

The latest statistics for urban and local roads, collated from data in 2014, show that 61% of all injury incidents and 26% of all deaths on the roads occurred in the areas policed by the local authorities. In addition, 4,740 people were hospitalised.

These figures show that incidents with victims in urban areas still account for a significant percentage of road incidents in Spain, and so the DGT is widening its overall enforcement campaign to take in these roads and thus reduce the number of incidents.

### Breakdowns on the Increase

According to the Real Automóvil Club de España (RACE), breakdowns and recoveries have increased by 8.4% in the last two months, with more than 104,000 vehicles assisted during September and October.



The RACE believe that the upward trend is indicative of a worrying lack of maintenance of vehicles, stressing the importance of properly maintained vehicles at all times, but especially during the winter months.

The increase in mechanical problems, poorly maintained vehicles and poor road conditions all spell a recipe for disaster on the roads, more so in older vehicles.

During September and October the RACE attended 23,640 flat batteries, an increase of 2%, 10,276 tyre related incidents, an increase of 13.2%, and 4,889 engine problems, an increase of 2.5%.

In order to reduce potential problems a regular check of the battery, tyres, liquid levels and windscreen and lights is recommended.

### Majority of UK Drivers Support Minimum Age Rise

Six out of ten motorists in the UK back raising the driving age from 17 to18 - to save lives on Britain's roads, according to new survey.

And 76% of drivers support the introduction of 12-month probationary licences for all teenagers who have passed their test.

A further 62% of people believe young drivers should have to display a green P - probationary - plate as a warning to other road users.

Less popular were night-time curfews for teenagers.

Just 34% supported new measures preventing young drivers from driving between 10pm and 5am unless a passengers aged over 30 was in the car.

The results were revealed in a new survey of 1,000 motorists by the road safety company SmartWitness, which makes Britain's most popular dash-cams.



It found that 67% of motorists support tougher rules for drivers aged 17-19.

One popular measure - supported by 63% of drivers - was making the ages of 17-18 a learner year.

Young people would be able to learn to drive under supervision but could not take their test till they were 18.

A year's probation for all drivers aged between 17 and 19 was supported by 64% of those polled.

Seven out of ten motorists (72%) support an immediate road ban for any teenager caught speeding.

Department for Transport statistics show that nearly one in eight (11.9%) of all road casualties are hurt or killed in collisions involving a car driver aged 17 to 19 - despite the fact that this age group makes up only 1.5 per cent of licensed drivers.

And a fifth of deaths on British roads involve drivers aged 17-24.

Around 20% of SmartWitness sales to private drivers are cameras for parents who want to monitor their teenage children's driving when they are not in the car.

SmartWitness chief executive Paul Singh said: "It is sad fact that young motorists drive around 5% of all the miles driven in Britain but are involved in about 20% of the crashes where someone is killed or seriously injured.

"It is clear there is overwhelming support for tougher laws governing young drivers.

"At SmartWitness we are committed to improving safety for young drivers and helping to give parents' peace of mind when their teenage children are behind the wheel.

"They can check on the footage when their children have been out in the car on their own to make sure they are driving responsibly."

Sales of SmartWitness cameras have shot by 30% in the last two years as more motorists use the technology to guard against cash-for-crash fraudsters and to improve their driving standards.

Most countries in Europe have a minimum driving age of 18 but the limit has been 17 in the UK since the driving test was introduced 80 years ago in 1935.

Statistics show that road accidents remain the biggest killer of young people in the UK, higher than both alcohol and drugs.

### Plane Crash Simulation in Extremadura

On Tuesday, the Base Aérea de Talavera la Real (Badajoz) will be the location of a mock plane crash, aimed at testing the emergency services in the event of a real incident.

The training exercise will see all elements of the emergency services working together as if a real crash has happened, in order to identify both strengths and weaknesses in their operation and communication protocols.

As a result of the incidents, there will be a number of road closures around the base in Extremadura, between 10:00 and 14:00.

This sort of drill is common practice for the emergency teams. During this last month alone there have been mock rescues at sea, a training exercise at one of the nuclear power plants and even a fire evacuation exercise at Alicante-Elche airport.



It is stressed that these activities are routine aimed at preparing operatives for the stark reality of potential emergencies. They do not form any hidden agenda of an increased threat, as the government of Spain are keen to point out, the current threat level in Spain is being maintained at the same level as it was before recent atrocities.

### Six Times Over Limit Driver Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil detained a 57 year old Spanish man at the weekend who was driving whilst six times over the maximum permitted limit of alcohol.



The incident occurred during the early hours of Saturday morning at a checkpoint set up on the N-332 as it passes through l'Alfàs del Pi.

The officers stopped the vehicle on account of the driver acting suspiciously and carried out a breath test. The first test reveals a positive result of 1.49 mg / l, and 1.62 mg / l in the second test, six times higher than the permitted maximum.

The man was arrested for crimes against road safety and brought before the courts in Benidorm.

### Incident Black Spot Focus This Week

The DGT has published the latest list of black posts where particular attention is required when driving due to a history of incidents at the locations.



In total, 1,314 dangerous sections have been identified, including curves, crossings, blind-spots and straight stretches of road, covering a distance of some 150,000 kilometres.

The majority of these stretches are on conventional roads, with a single lane in each direction and no separation, where over 900 people lose their lives each year.

These locations will also be where intensified checks will be carried out all this week, up until Sunday, with the aim of reducing incidents on these roads and, subsequently, saving lives.

Inappropriate speed, the use of mobile phones and headsets and improper overtaking will be the initial factor being monitored in the locations, which will then also lead to checks for alcohol and drugs, driver and vehicle documentation and other breaches or risks to road safety.

Because of their high incident rates, conventional roads are one of the primary objective of the DGT. This summer alone, 1 in 3 road fatalities occurred on this type of road.

Last year, 957 people were killed on conventional roads, representing 74% of the 1,247 fatalities that occurred on interurban roads. In addition, 3,813 people were injured and required hospitalization following incidents on these roads.

Such roads account for over 90% of the total kilometres of the road network which are the most dangerous in terms of a higher incident rate, although traffic density is less than that on motorways.

The entire list can be viewed on the DGT website by clicking this link. An example of the information is here, where locations on the N-332 have been identified (list as of 23/11/2015 and subject to change).



N-332
Alicante
Radar Móvil
42.260 - 53.89
Ambos


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
46.875
Creciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
46.925
Decreciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Móvil
54.390 - 95.8
Ambos


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
70.950
Creciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
86.050
Creciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Móvil
116.690 - 134.0
Ambos


N-332
Alicante
Radar Móvil
134.000 - 143.44
Ambos


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
140.998
Decreciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
141.002
Creciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Móvil
143.440 - 147.8
Ambos


N-332
Alicante
Radar Móvil
147.800 - 204.54
Ambos


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
149.775
Decreciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
151.675
Creciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
171.565
Decreciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
173.200
Creciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
203.200
Creciente


N-332
Alicante
Radar Fijo
204.450
Decreciente

### Speeding Fines on the Increase

Speeding motorists are handing over 470,000 euro to the DGT every single day, a 30% increase on last year.



In the first three quarters of 2015, 127.4 million euro has been collected from drivers caught by fixed and mobile radars. In 2014, the total was 129.6 million, increasing from 124 million in 2013 and 120 million in 2012. In the current trend continues, the end of year figure will be almost 170 million euro for 2015.

The figures show a continual increase in the trend for speeders being fined, increasing from 355,075 euro per day last year to the 470,396 euro per day currently.

The DGT believe that the increase is not caused entirely by an increase in speed by individuals, but by an increase in the number of vehicles using the roads. Similarly, the DGT also say that despite the figures for speeding fines increasing, other sanctions show a downward trend.

Another possibility is that traffic studies influenced the decision to drastically modify the plan for speed control on the roads. In February, following a 40% increase in speed related deaths in January, it was announced that more focus would be given to secondary roads, which account for 80% of all related fatalities, a figure which compares directly with the 81% increase in speeding motorists caught on this type of road.

Speeding fines have something of a unique character in so much as many people who get caught speeding fail to acknowledge or accept their own failings and many of those believe that the fines are nothing more than a way for the government to increase taxation. In fact, a recent survey states that 90% of speeding driver believe that their fine is nothing more than a hidden tax. However, the DGT point out that the taxable element of fines has reduced, despite the increase in revenue, dropping from 392 million euro in 2011 to 458 million in 2014.

Former Director General of the DGT, Pere Navarro, says that “Traffic law remains the law most violated in our country with nearly 13 million penalty proceedings a year between all administrations, which indicates that fines are necessary”, whilst also pointing out the need to raise awareness amongst drivers of the need to reduce speed, because, “If we only do surveillance, control and punishment, there will be a rejection of the citizens”, because they will not understand the real reasons behind the sanctions and the fact that inappropriate speed is one of the main contributing factors to road traffic incidents and fatalities, and, therefore, the reality of the sanctions is that they are there to save lives.

### Cocaine smuggler jailed after fleeing ‘most wanted’ campaign in Spain

One of the UK’s most wanted fugitives, captured after being on the run for nearly two years in Spain, has been sentenced at the Old Bailey in London to 13 years 4 months in prison for his role in a major international drug smuggling operation.



Anthony Dennis, aged 48, from Ongar, Essex, plotted with criminals in the UK and overseas to import up to three tonnes of cocaine worth hundreds of millions of euros into Europe.

Dennis and his co-conspirator Anthony Wilson, aged 38, from Harlow, Essex, who was sentenced  to 12 years in prison, were identified following an investigation by the National Crime Agency (NCA) in cooperation with the Dutch National Police.

Dennis went on the run in Spain after his Netherlands-based associates failed to remove 67.5 kilos of cocaine from a shipping container at Antwerp in Belgium, which was later discovered and seized by the German authorities.



He was then featured in the joint Spanish–UK Operation Captura campaign, which highlights the UK’s ‘most wanted’ fugitives. After his face appeared on a mobile digital billboard that was touring Spanish beach resorts this summer, he returned to the UK and was arrested in Hertfordshire.

Dennis and Wilson were sentenced at the Old Bailey on 18 November after pleading guilty to conspiracy to commit a foreign drug trafficking offence.

The men had been regulars at a café in Rotterdam that hid a global operations centre for international drug traffickers. The café could only be entered via a buzzer system and provided a meeting place where criminals negotiated with cartel members and arranged the financing and transportation of huge quantities of drugs.

Dutch police officers covertly recorded meetings that proved Dennis and Wilson were sourcing cocaine from South America and arranging its transport in shipping containers carrying legitimate cargo. Their associates were then responsible for extracting the drugs using corrupt port officials.

Brendan Foreman, the NCA’s Regional Head of Investigations, said: “Dennis and Wilson joined forces with international criminals to bring up to three tonnes of cocaine into Europe, some of which was highly likely to have ended up on UK streets.

“They thought the café in Rotterdam was a safe place to conduct their operations but by working in partnership with the Dutch National Police, the NCA was able to identify them and put a stop to their plan.”

Coordinated strikes in the Netherlands and UK resulted in multiple arrests in October 2013 but Dennis, who was in Spain at the time, evaded arrest for nearly two years.

Anthony Hill of the Crown Prosecution Service’s Organised Crime Division, said: “These men worked with criminals overseas to plan a large and complex drug-smuggling operation, plotting to bring up to three tonnes of cocaine from South America. If successful, this would have flooded the streets of Europe with drugs worth hundreds of millions of euros.

“Their criminal activity was co-ordinated overseas, but so was the response from the criminal justice system. We worked closely with Dutch authorities and the National Crime Agency and the strength of our evidence left the defendants with no choice but to plead guilty.”

### Drink Drive Message Still Being Ignored

The stark realities of the impact of driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs is still failing to reach far too many drivers who are putting their own lives, and the lives of many innocent bystanders at risk.



So far this year, officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department have found 83,978 drivers who have tested positive for excessive alcohol or drugs. This shocking figure doesn´t include those detected by various local and regional police forces across the country.

Out of this figure, 6,171 are recent reoffenders, in other words, drivers who have already been caught and penalised in the previous year, who have now received a 1,000 euro fine and the deduction of 6 points from their licences.

In addition, 30,000 drivers have been reported in the last year having produced positive tests with more than double the maximum permitted amount of alcohol in their body.



During this year, 2,975 drugs tests were carried out following an incident on the roads, from which 611 drivers tested positive, 21% of the total. There were 2,678 drugs tests following a road traffic infraction, resulting in 1,542 drivers being found over the limit, a staggering 57.6%. A total of 59,653 drugs tests were at checkpoints, where 18,868 drivers failed, a total of 32%.

When we look at alcohol test figures, we find that 81,681 tests were carried out following an incident or collision, resulting in 3,615 positive tests, 4.42% of the total. There were 510,131 alcohol tests following an infraction with 3,893 drivers testing positive, 0.76% of the total, and at checkpoints there were 3,787,746 alcohol tests conducted, which 55,450 positive results, 1.46% of the total.

As a result of these findings, the DGT has announced an intensified campaign to increase the number of controls monitoring for alcohol and drugs with road users expected to undergo tests on any roads and at any time of day.

However, special emphasis will be placed on those groups and people who get behind the wheel and regularly consuming alcohol and or drugs. The latest study of prevalence of psychoactive substances produced by the DGT in 2013 concluded that driving after consuming psychoactive substances is frequent in Spain, reaching twelve hundred drivers.

The presentation of these statistics is not just aimed at raising the awareness of the increased controls, but rather the impact that alcohol and drug use by road users has on the lives of those who so easily become their victims. In 2014, 39.09% of the drivers who died in road traffic incidents produced positive blood results revealing alcohol or drugs, or both, in their system. Similarly, 40% of all pedestrians killed last year tested positive for alcohol or drugs, highlighting that the problem is not exclusive to drivers.

It is worth remembering that the maximum permitted alcohol limit in Spain is much lower than that in the UK and other countries, however the only recognised safe limit is zero alcohol or drugs when driving.

There is no escaping the fines and sanctions for driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs. In fact, the matter is so serious that it becomes a criminal offence if the maximum rate is excessively exceeded, resulting in a prison sentence. However, fines, sanctions and imprisonment are nothing compared with knowing that you have caused death or serious injury to somebody you never met before, or somebody you claim to love or care for, because the reality is precisely that, driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs wrecks lives.

### Winter Tyre Sales Expected to Increase

Over the next four months, winter tyre sales in Spain are expected to reach 500,000 units, an increase of 25% over last year.

According to tyre distributor Grupo Andrés, tyres specifically designed for winter roads are becoming increasingly popular in Spain, with more than 800,000 vehicles expected to be fitted with them for next year.

The tyres are specifically designed for areas where the temperature drops below 7 degrees, and reduce the risk of incidents during rain, snow and ice by up to 38%, according to European data.

CEO of the company, Eduardo Salazar, pointed out that a car travelling at 50 kilometres per hour fitted with traditional tyres require an additional 5 metres to stop on wet ground during winter. On icy roads, a car with traditional tyres require requires an additional 8 metres, the equivalent of two cars placed one after the other.

The company also pointed out that winter tyres are between 15% and 25% cheaper than conventional tyres, and are more cost effective during the season when driven at appropriate speed and with gentle manoeuvring such as acceleration and braking.

### Time Running Out for Foreign Licence Renewals

Friday the 20th of November marks just 5 weeks until Christmas day. It may be a time that many people are looking forward to, but it also marks 6 weeks until January 1st, when some drivers holding foreign licences can once again be fined.



The rules had already come into force last year, but on account of the number of foreign drivers living in Spain, the DGT issued an amnesty in March of this year, allowing those drivers who would be liable to a fine until the 1st of January to sort out their documentation. That amnesty will expire on New Year´s day.

Full details about the instructions clarifying European driving licence renewals were published when the amnesty was first announced and are available to read on the website, but it is also important to remember that as the deadline approaches, so does the holiday period, and therefore the time to act is now, as there will be zero tolerance.

If your license has an indefinite date, or more than 15 years validity and you were legally resident in Spain before January 19, 2013, you should have already renewed your driving license. If you only became resident after that date, you had until 2 years from your date of residency to renew.

If your license has expired or is due to expire, you must renew it in your country of residence, in other words, if you are a resident in Spain, your current licence, once it expires, must be renewed in Spain.

The rules only apply to foreigners who are resident in Spain but please don´t think that simply denying you live here will mean you can get away with it. You will still be fined and it would be up to you to appeal through a long and complex process. That said, there are also a number of benefits to changing your licence to a Spanish one. The Spanish issued licence is linked to your NIE, and so officers at a roadside check can see all of your relevant information immediately, thus speeding up that process. You will also not be liable to on the spot cash fines as is the case for foreign licenced drivers, you will be given a ticket with a qualifying period in which to pay at a reduced rate.

Time really is running out. Please, make the change today.

### Transferring a Vehicle Following Death

In the event of a vehicle owner passing away, there is a standard procedure for having the vehicle ownership transferred to a living beneficiary.



Article 609 of the Civil Code dictates the modes of acquiring ownership of property succession, and the administrative procedure set out in Article 32.6 of the Reglamento de Vehículos details the process.

PROVISIONAL TRANSFER OF A VEHICLE

Immediately after a death, the vehicle can be transferred to a new named owner who may not be the long-term benefactor, but may seek ownership on a temporary basis.

In this event, the temporary custodian of the vehicle has 90 days in which they must notify the traffic department of this temporary custody and their legal address.

The person registering the vehicle must produce the following to the traffic department:

 	A formal request
 	The payment for transfer (the prices in 2015 are 52.80€ for most vehicles, 26.40€ for mopeds)
 	Identity documents
 	Death certificate of the original owner or marriage certificate stating the death
 	Document proving the possession of the vehicle
 	Driving license
 	ITV card or technical status document of the vehicle
 	An appointment at the traffic office

The new provisional holder is deemed as the subject of any obligations corresponding to the holder of the vehicle.

FINAL TRANSFER OF THE VEHICLE

The intended permanent vehicle owner must apply for the final transfer of the vehicle within a 90 day period.

The intended permanent owner must submit the same documentation as above, but with two additions:

 	Certificate of liquidation or exemption from inheritance tax.
 	Declaration of heirs, or will, accompanied by a certificate of wills, or document stating the award of the vehicle.

You must also request a printed official form that will facilitate the transfer of the vehicle by the traffic department on behalf of the state. If the applicant is a minor or incapacitated, the documentation must also include the additional data and signature of the legal guardian or representative.

You will also have to pay the fees for the transfer.

If the applicant is an individual and a Spanish national, the National Identity Document (DNI) can be used in place of the driving license.

If the applicant is a person of foreign nationality, there are other processes to consider. If a Green Card is in force, that must also be presented, or, failing that, the official Identity of the country of origin (for citizens of other Member States of the European Union, the other States party to the Agreement on the European Economic Area and the Swiss Confederation) or Passport or Certificate of Citizenship if you are a citizen of a third country with the Foreigner Identification Number (NIE).

You may also have to produce the original document attesting to your home in Spain if you are not registered with foreign identity documents (e.g. certificate of ownership, lease, or police census card or certificate).

If the new owner is a legal entity or company, rather than an individual, you will also be required to produce the following:

 	Original Tax identification card (CIF).
 	Original ID, passport, identity card and NIE
 	Original document attesting to power to act on behalf of the company (available from the www.dgt.es website).

The process seems a very complicated one, especially given the time frame in which it must be completed, but the process is also a standard administrative procedure and so your advisor or lawyer will be able to advise you further. Always obtain advice from registered, legal representatives in Spain if there is any doubt.

Our associates at PSI Consultants offer legal and fiscal advice for a range of different topics including wills, power of attorney, notarial services and more. Visit their website for more details, psiconsultants.es, or telephone 966 730 104.

### Road Fatality Statistics Decrease Slightly

Statistics revealed this week show that 83 people have lost their lives on the roads of the Valencia region so far this year.



The data represents the first ten-months of the year, and shows a 12% decrease on the same period of 2014. Last year, 94 people were killed in the same period.

The information was released as part of the World Day of Remembrance for Victims of Traffic Accidents which was held at the weekend.

Government representative for the Comunitat Valenciana, Juan Carlos Moragues, said that the trend is a positive one, although still too high as the aim is for zero deaths and injuries from traffic related incidents.

“We are facing a global problem affecting all countries and we have to do all sorts of campaigns to improve road safety in Valencia, on the roads of Spain and around the world”, he said.

Moragues also took the opportunity to point out that road traffic incidents are the main cause of death amongst the 18 to 29 year old age group, a problem that has “global significance”, from which the entire family suffers.

Moragues will be meeting with various road safety groups in order to encourage greater cooperation in achieving the road to zero.

### Women Safer Drivers – When Assisted by Men

According to a study conducted by the Fundación Línea Directa, the safest combination for a driver and co-pilot is for a woman to be the driver and the man to be the navigator.

According to the study, this combination is six times less likely to result in a collision or incident than the most popular mix on Spanish roads, two men.



The study sought to ascertain the influence on a co-driver in preventing traffic based incidents from a “gender perspective”. It is in fact the first time such a study has been conducted in Spain aimed at measuring the real impact on road safety.

The experts analysed the profiles of the passenger, based on age and gender, concluding that the “imperfect passenger” is a young male between the age of 18 and 29, as they do not cooperate with the driver, talks excessively, constantly criticises the driver or constantly manipulates devices on the dashboard.

However, on the opposite end of the scale is the “perfect passenger”, a male between the ages of 60 and 69, who usually have a more collaborative attitude, cause fewer distractions, always compliment (even if it is a lie) and will signal notices to the driver.

For drivers carrying an “imperfect passenger” there is a likely increase in irresponsible driving behaviour, such as inappropriate speed and unnecessary braking, being involved in discussions with the passenger and other distractions.

Carrying a “perfect passenger” reduces the risk of infringement, improves other factors such as seatbelt use, a reduction in alcohol and drugs, using appropriate signals and a reluctance to use a phone whilst driving.

As drivers, women are less likely to be influenced by the irresponsible encouragements of their passengers, such as breaking the speed limit or reducing the safe distance between vehicles.

Overall, the study reveals that the influence on a co-pilot or passenger is “very positive”, because being accompanied on journeys significantly reduces the risk of incidents. In fact, having a companion in the car reduces the overall risk by 35%.

In fact, that was the aim of the study, to highlight the important role which passengers and co-drivers can play in road safety, and to encourage all co-drivers to get involved in active and responsible driving attitudes.

### Most Wanted Fugitive Arrested in Spain

Another of Britain´s most wanted fugitives has been arrested by the Guardia Civil in Spain.



Michael Roden, nicknamed “Dodge” went missing after fleeing the UK whilst on prison leave. The 26 year old criminal was caught living amongst around 2,000 ex-pats in Alomartes, Illora, in the Sierra de Parapanda area of Granada.



Heavily armed officers broke into his home to enact the arrest after operation Hoya 18 was launched earlier in the year, when investigators started to follow the trail of international marijuana trafficking in the Granada, Murcia and Alicante areas.



The officers also arrested six other people in the raid, three men and three women, of English, Chilean, Romanian, Georgian and Spanish nationalities, accused of belonging to a criminal gang involved in drug trafficking, money laundering, forgery and illegal possession of weapons.



This is the seventh arrest of British fugitives so far this year as part of the collaborative efforts between the two countries to bring those who attempt to evade the law back to justice.

The first arrest came just four days after the publication of the Operation Captura list of fugitives when the Police arrested Shane Walford, a former soldier of 38 years accused of killing a firefighter. In April, Jayson McDonald was arrested in Amsterdam and Paul Monk in Jávea (Alicante), wanted for drug trafficking. In August, it was the turn of Anthony Dennis, also accused of drug trafficking, and Paul Buchanan, suspected of attempted rape. The latest arrest took place on September 28th: ​​Carlo Dawson, suspected of sexually assaulting a 12 year old girl.

### Security Threat Level in Spain

The Interior Ministry has issued a statement clarifying the current alert status in Spain, dismissing rumours being spread through social network sites over an imminent attack on the country.



The statement points out that given the unfounded information, the Interior Ministry clarifies that:

The information being disseminated through some social networks and other communication channels such as WhatsApp relating to a possible attack in Spain lack any credibility and are only meant to elicit states of fear and alarm in the population, or other malicious purposes which are totally unrelated to safety.

The Ministry of Interior has not modified the Terrorism Alert Level (Nivel de Alerta Antiterrorista – NAA) which is still Level 4 - High Risk, as established on the 26 June following the terrorist attacks in France, Tunisia, Kuwait and Somalia.

Any amendment to the Anti-Terrorism Alert Level (NAA), arrest or committing a terrorist attack is always transmitted to the media and made ​​public through the usual official channels of the Ministry of Interior (www.interior.gob) and state security forces (National Police and Guardia Civil).

### Every Twenty Five Seconds a Person Dies

The average person reads at two hundred words per minute. Around the world, a person dies on the roads every twenty five seconds. If we divide two hundred by sixty and then multiply our answer by twenty five, we reach a total of eighty three words in twenty five seconds. This paragraph has eighty three words in total. That stark reality means that in the time it has taken you to read this paragraph, another life has been lost somewhere on the roads.



Sunday the 15th of November was recognised as the World Day of Remembrance for Victims of Road Traffic Accidents, prompting the latest statistics to be revealed by the UN secretary general, Ban Ki-moon.

Despite the evolution of road safety technology, the roads still claim the lives of 1.25 million people every year. Road traffic incidents are the leading cause of death for the 15 to 29 year old age group and 49% of the victims are vulnerable road users such as motorcyclists, pedestrians and cyclists.

The UN has therefore called on the governments of member states to go further, strengthening enforcement of the main contributing factors which result in fatalities, inappropriate speed, alcohol and drugs and the use of seatbelts and crash helmets.

In its report on the global road safety situation in 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that the number of deaths from traffic incidents has stabilized since 2007, despite the increase in the number of motor vehicles between 2010 and 2013 growing by 16%, and the world population increasing by 4%.

Amongst all member countries, 17 of them have introduced legislative improvements in the last 3 years that deal with at least one of the five most common risk factors. This legislation across the countries has seen added protection to 409 million people, 5.7% of the world´s population.

Spain is named amongst countries which have seen success in the campaigns to reduce deaths on the roads, through changed legislation and enforcement, as well as education. The WHO report places Spain as the thirteenth country in the world and the fifth in the EU with the lowest mortality rate from traffic incidents, with 3.7 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants.

However, associations representing victims of road traffic incidents still see the need for even harsher penalties when dealing with road traffic offences. Despite the high number of fatal and serious injury causing incidents, the majority still find at least one person accountable for the outcome. Education is still a major contributor to raising awareness of road safety, but enforcement is the only way of ensuring compliance when vehicle design leaves those inside feeling less vulnerable and often almost invincible, when the more vulnerable are offered less protection in the event of a collision caused often by drivers breaking the law and not being held to account.

### WANTED!

WANTED!This person has collaborated with the terrorists in the attacks in Paris. He could have gone to a near country,...Posted by N332 on Sunday, 15 November 2015

### N332 Campaign: "Nothing to hide, Nothing to fear"

N332 Campaign: "Nothing to hide, Nothing to fear"When we publish information about where the Police Check Points are...Posted by N332 on Saturday, 14 November 2015

### Daytime Running Lights on Motorbikes

The installation of Daytime Running Lights has become the norm for more modern vehicles, where additional illumination would allow other road users to have a heightened awareness of approaching vehicles.



However, this development has not been without its own problems, sometimes caused by the lack of knowledge by the driver, but also on occasion caused by the slowness in having laws adapted to satisfy the technology.

Firstly, we must be aware that Daytime Running Lights (DRL) are not a replacement for headlights. In fact, they are completely different. Many versions of Daytime Running Lights also switch off intermittently when the turning indicators are used so as not to distract from the purpose of those lights. Again, to stress their purpose of DRL, they are to make the vehicle more visible to other road users. Unlike headlights, they are not designed to illuminate the path for the driver. That is what headlights are for.

There have been numerous instances of drivers being seen and stopped whilst their vehicle only has Daytime Running Lights illuminated when headlights are required, such as at night or whilst driving through tunnels. In these circumstances, headlights must be switched on.

More recently, motorcycles have also seen Daytime Running Lights fitted to the front. However, for bikers there was another problem, in that the law dictates that headlights must be illuminated on motorbikes during the day. The legislation did not allow for any variation on this, and so there have been numerous riders fined for riding whilst only having their Daytime Running Lights illuminated and not their headlights.

However, as of a change in the law in October of this year, Daytime Running Lights have been incorporated into the legislation and are now legally accepted as being adequate illumination for motorbikes during the normal daylight hours and suitable conditions.

Instruction number 15/S-140 /V-112 clarifies that under European Legislation, category “L” vehicles (mopeds of two or three wheels, motorcycles with or without sidecar, tricycles, light quadricycles and quadricycles) are incorporated into the laws regarding the use of Daytime Running Lights.

The legislation makes a clear distinction between Daytime Running Lights and low-beam headlights.

Low-beam lights are used to illuminate the road ahead of the vehicle without causing undue dazzle or discomfort to drivers coming in the opposite direction, or to other road users.

Daytime Running Lights face forward and are used to make the vehicle more visible in daylight.

The directive also clarifies the required colour of the Daytime Running Lights, stating that the only permitted colours are white or amber.

Motorcycles must be visible to other road users on the grounds of road safety, but as Daytime Running Lights have been developed for this purpose, manufactured specifically to meet this objective, they are acceptable under normal daytime conditions of visibility.

### Mileage Clocking Gang Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil in Guadalajara have dismantled a gang of criminals who would manipulate the recorded mileage of vehicles in order to increase their apparent value before selling them.



The gang would obtain vehicles through leasing companies created for the sole purpose of the deception and after purchasing the vehicles they would then manipulate the mileage and documentation to increase the market value, then sell them through internet portals where the vehicle history was less likely to be checked.

The final transaction was usually completed in car parks and shopping centres, and so the victims had no record of the real location or address of the sellers.



The gang was based in the Guadalajara and Madrid areas, but sold the vehicles across the country, conning innocent buyers into buying overpriced and potentially dangerous vehicles.

In total, the investigators have identified more than 200 victims of the scam, although they believe that more victims will be revealed as the complex investigation continues. So far, victims of these scams have been located in the provinces of Guadalajara, Toledo, Ávila, Madrid, Cáceres, Castellón, Tarragona, Tenerife, Palma de Mallorca, Bizkaia, Málaga, Jaén and Almería.



In total, six people have been arrested so far, five men and a woman, all aged between 33 and 42, all suspected of the crimes of fraud, forgery and conspiracy.

One arrestee has already entered prison having been wanted in connection with other offences. An additional eight people are also under investigation.

During the raids, the officers recovered documentation, numerous car keys, mobile phones, cash, computer equipment and business stamps for six companies.

If you are purchasing a second-hand car you can check the vehicle´s history yourself via the DGT´s website. There are a number of articles about buying and selling a used car in Spain on this website, just look at the driving in Spain FAQ list or search above, and you should always complete a sales record form and take copies of documents from the seller. It is also wise to use a reputable dealer, such as our supporters at Autos Direct, where the history of the transaction is recorded and maintained.

### New Electronic ITV Certificates Enter Into Use

From this week, new vehicles registered in Spain will have a new, electronic version of the technical characteristics document, rather than the traditional paper or card version.



The new tarjeta electrónica de características técnicas (eITV) will automatically be issued with the vehicle for all newly registered cars, vans and trucks from Wednesday 11th November, 2015.

All previously registered vehicle will continue to use the paper and card documentation.

The DGT has already implemented a system whereas manufacturers, importers and vehicle sales companies can submit the registration information by electronic means, which can be accessed and checked by officials.

Once checked and validated, the DGT will store the information in an electronic register, the Registro de Vehículos Prematriculados, which in turn issues the vehicle identification number, the Número de Identificación del Vehículo (NIVE), which then becomes the unique identifier for that vehicle.

The DGT will then assign the registration number of the vehicle and issue the Tarjeta de Inspección Técnica, or technical inspection card, in electronic form only, which can be accessed on-line.

The vast majority of vehicle manufacturers are already integrated into the project and in October, nearly 50% of registered vehicles are already equipped with electronic tokens.

As of May 11, 2016, this type of electronic card will also be issued for mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles and quads.

Remember though, this is only for newly registered vehicles, those already on the roads and registered are not affected by this change. If your vehicle has the paper version, you must carry this document with you in the vehicle.

### Seven of the Eight Weekend Fatalities were Bikers

A total of eight people have lost their lives on the main road network of Spain this weekend, six of whom were motorcyclists and one was riding a scooter, according to the preliminary data released by the DGT.

The weekend coincided with the motorcycle Grand Prix in Cheste, near Valencia, and therefore a special operation monitoring the roads was in place.

Throughout the weekend there were seven fatal incidents with Saturday being the worst day when four bikers were killed in Asturias, Cádiz, Pontevedra and León. However, the most serious crash occurred on Sunday in the Cádiz town of Arcos de Frontera where a mother and her young son were killed and another five injured.



On Sunday, a motorcyclist was killed in Alicante, whereas on Friday a moped rider was killed when in collision with a truck.

### Remembrance Day 2015

Representative of both the N332 Facebook page and website attended the Orihuela Costa Branch of the Royal British Legion Remembrance Day Parade.

 

### Man Hunt Launched

The Guardia Civil is asking for assistance in locating a Ukrainian man wanted in connection with a murder in Torrevieja.



ANDRIY LYTVYN is described as 178 centimetres tall with short blonde hair and light blue eyes.

He is wanted for questioning in connection with a homicide in Torrevieja in May, 2011. His current whereabouts are not known.

If you see anybody matching his description, please call the Guardia Civil immediately on 062 or alert the police.

### Student Speeder Caught at 205 kmph

Officers from the Guardia Civil have charged a 25 year old male with crimes against road safety after his vehicle was recorded travelling at 205 kilometres per hour on a road where the maximum permitted limit is 100.



The man is a resident of Porto do Son in the north-western Spanish province of A Coruña, where he was studying.

A patrol car recorded the speeder but was unable to catch up with the vehicle for safety reasons and so radioed ahead for other officers to assist.

The white Volkswagen Sirocco was located at the school in Compostela where the man was a student of automotive studies.

An officer and a sergeant attended the school and identified the driver who mitigated his actions on account of him having to attend an exam.

The man will now receive a hefty fine and a ban from driving which will not help his chosen career in the automotive industry.

### Identifying Ambulances

A number of people have asked what the different letters on the side of ambulances mean. Whereas there are some groups of letters which form the company´s name, there are those which indicate the role and purpose of the ambulance.



These codes may differ slightly in some areas and not all ambulances display them, but it is perhaps useful to know the difference between those ambulances we can identify.

The SAMU, or Servicio de Atención Médica de Urgencia, is an emergency ambulance, consisting of a full team of emergency personal, including a physician, nurse and support team member.

The second type of vehicle is the SVB, or Soporte Vital Básico, which is similar to the SAMU, although not usually carrying a doctor.

The third type of vehicle, perhaps most commonly seen, is the TNA, or Transporte No Asistido, which offers emergency response and ability to transport patients, but does not normally carry staff capable of rendering any medical assistance beyond basic first aid.

The difference between the three main types, SAMU, SVB and TNA, lies in the team of professionals who are on board. The SAMU are the only emergency vehicles that have a full team, consisting of physicians, nurses and orderly, therefore capable of dealing with more serious situations, and could be considered the equivalent of a paramedic unit in the U.K.

In total there are 45 SAMU vehicles that specialize in emergency services in Castellón, Valencia and Alicante. Most of those, 35 in total, operate on a 24-hour schedule, whereas the other 10 cover additional shifts of 12 hours each day. In addition to the 45 SAMU ambulances, the remaining fleet of 465 vehicles in total is made up of 100 SVB´s and 312 TNA´s, with an additional 6 support vehicles and two specifically adapted for transporting transplant organs.

Irrespective of the letters displayed, all these ambulances become priority vehicles when responding to an emergency and it should be remembered that if they are seen with lights flashing or sirens sounding then it could be quite literally a question of life or death and so we must all give way to allow them to pass safely.

### Weekend Motorbike Event in Cheste

This weekend is likely to see large concentrations of motorbikes on the roads, as the Gran Premio de Motociclismo de la Comunidad Valenciana is held at the Circuito Ricardo Tormo de Cheste.

The DGT has therefore launched a special campaign on the roads to improve safety during the event which runs from Friday the 6th of November through to Sunday the 8th. During this period, it is expected that around 205,000 spectators will attend the event, with 10,000 motorbikes and 17,000 cars expected on Sunday alone.

The busiest areas are likely to be the A-3 Madrid-Valencia, the AP-7 and N-340 from Tarragona to Valencia and the A-7 and AP-7 from Valencia to Alcira.

The special operation will see Guardia Civil officers out in force in the area monitoring such activities as risky and dangerous behaviour, speeding and alcohol and drug use.

A team of 150 officers will focus on the key areas, accompanied by three helicopters, one of which will be equipped with the Pegasus radar equipment.

The roads are likely to be very busy near to the circuit and so the advice is to avoid the area is possible if you are not attending, or to use public transport, such as the train, in order to reduce congestion.

Cheste is a municipality in the comarca of Hoya de Buñol in the Valencian Community, located 26 km from Valencia.

### Road Safety is No Joke

Revellers in the Seville town of Tomares have found themselves considerably out of pocket, when the consequences of what they considered to be an innocent prank saw them brought before the courts.

The local police had closed off a road for a local fiesta. Cones had been placed at the access to one of these roads. At around 05:20 in the morning, the youths were returning from a night out and decided to remove a couple of these cones, not realising that their actions were being watched by the police.

The youths not only hit a number of vehicles with the cones, they were also observed using them as “trumpets”.

Considering their actions in removing the cones a risk to public safety, the police reported them contrary to Article 142 of the Reglamento General de Circulación, considering their actions of removing or damaging temporary signalling a serious infringement.

The four youths now face a 3,000 euro fine, although they have the right to appeal and can see the fine halved for prompt payment.

### Local Police In Increased Road Safety Drive

Local Police in the Asturian town of Gijón in the north of Spain have a new weapon at their disposal to tackle motoring offences, a laser-guided detector that does far more than monitor speed.



The TruCAM unit has a built in camera and monitors the vehicle´s movements, recording speed but in addition it is capable to monitoring if the vehicle occupants are wearing seatbelts and if the driver is talking on a mobile phone.



Not only that, the infrared laser allows the unit to operate at night, without having to use a flash or other illumination, thus rendering its use impossible to spot.



The unit price starts at 18,000 euro, although optional extras such as the night-vision capabilities will increase the cost to 24,000 euro and up to 74,000 euro for it to be installed in a vehicle. The road safety implications far outweigh the costs however, given the number of drivers who are likely to be caught by the officers using the kit.

Unlike the Guardia Civil patrols who display signs indicating their presence when monitoring speed by the roadside, there is no requirement for the local police to do the same, although the police have said that they “will not hide” when using it, as the main objective is to increase safety and not only issue fines. The police have issued a list of locations where they will rotate the use of the device in order to show their transparency.

It is believed that this is the first time this sort of equipment has been used in Spain, although the success will be tested but both the infractions identified and the reduction in road related incidents.

You can read more about the device via their website here.
TruCAM Specifications



Weight:
3.3 lbs (1.50 kg)


Size:
8.27 x 3.86 x 12.47 in (21.0 x 9.8 x 31.7 cm)


Construction:
Composite polycarbonate outer shell; Aluminum internal chassis


Maximum Range:
4,000 ft (1,200 m)






Minimum Range:



Speed Mode:
50 ft (15 m)


Weather Mode:
200 ft (60 m)


Continuous Mode:
50 ft (15 m)






Range Accuracy:
± 6 in (±15 cm) absolute accuracy







Display Resolution:



Speed:
+ 1 mph (+ 2 km/h)


Range:
± 0.1 unit of measure






Speed Range:
± 200 mph (± 320 km/h)


Speed Accuracy:
± 1 mph (± 2 km/h)


Measurement Type:
Automode and single-shot






Power:



Battery Pack:
Lithium-ion polymer rechargeable battery pack
(up to 15 hours of cordless operation)


Battery Charger:
Automatic laser jammer avoidance


   Main Charger:
110 v ac to 240 v ac


   Automobile Charger:
11 v dc to 16 v dc






Communication:
RS232, serial communications port RS485, nighttime flash signal,
USB 2.0, image data transfer, touch-panel input


Measurement Time:
0.33 second


Environment:
NEMA 4/IP55 water- and dust-Resistant


Temperature Range:
14° F to 140° F (-10° C to +60° C)


Eye Safety:
FDA Class 1 (CFR 21) IEC 60825-1


Laser Wavelength:
905 nanometers nominal


Beam Divergence:
2.5 milliradians nominal






Hardware:



Capture Data Storage:
Removable SD card (supports up to 2 GB and larger; SD and SDHC formats)


Display:
2.7 in (6.9 cm), 240 x 320 pixel, color, 18 bits per pixel (bpp)


Camera Lens:
3.1 megapixel (2048 x 1536) 75 mm


GPS Receiver:
20 channels






Firmware:



Operating System:
Linux based


Anti-Jam:
Automatic laser jammer avoidance


Video Size:
Standard format: 240 x 180 pixels,
Extended format: 480 x 360 pixels


Video Modes:
LP (long play), EP (extended play)


Still Image Sizes:
Selectable (1920 x 1440 pixels or 1440 x 1080 pixels)


Data Encryption:
AES-128, U.S. Federal Information Processing Standards,
Advanced Encryption, Standard 128 bit



 

NOTE: All specifications are subject to change without notice. (Rev. 9.12) 

### Never Leave Valuables on Show

Opportunistic thieves are everywhere and they will target any vehicle where valuables are on show.

That was the stark reality discovered by an ambulance crew in Palma de Mallorca this week, when they returned to their vehicle to find the window smashed and their belongings stolen in broad daylight.



The ambulance was parked in the street whilst the crew were enjoying their lunch, but they had left a number of items on show, including both a laptop and a tablet computer.

The local police attended and have called on their colleagues in the National Police to assist in trying to obtain forensic evidence, but with the absence of witnesses or CCTV, and with fingerprints unlikely, it is doubtful that it will result in any arrests. The only hope might be if the stolen items are sold on and the police manage to trace them back to the thieves.

The thieves did not target any medical equipment or drugs, only the personal items left on show, although their actions rendered the ambulance unusable whilst evidence was gathered and repairs were carried out, leaving a shortage in medical cover for the duration for an already stretched emergency service.

The incident does serve as a reminder to all of us never to leave valuables on show, as thieves operate everywhere where opportunity exists, irrespective of morals or trust.

### Lucky Escape for Banana Truck Occupants

An articulated lorry crashed on the A-7 motorway between Elche and Aspe on Wednesday, resulting in the cab hanging precariously over a 15 metre drop.



The incident occurred at around 07:30 in the morning as the truck loaded with bananas collided with the guardrail and landed wedged in a gap between the carriageways.



A fire broke out but was quickly brought under control as the two occupants of the vehicle were treated for minor cuts and bruises.



The crash resulted in delays through the area for most of the day whilst experts assessed the scent in order to work out how to recover the truck.

### Roadside Robbers Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested six people believed to have been involved in a gang who would target vehicles on highways and motorways, who would damage vehicles in order to pretend to offer assistance whilst then robbing their unsuspecting victims.



The investigators believe that this gang alone are responsible for 450 thefts and robberies committed mainly on the AP-7 motorway, as well as other routes across Valencia, Catalonia, Aragon, the Basque Country, Castille y Leon and Madrid.

The detainees, who are of Serbian, Romanian, Kosovar and Spanish nationality, are charged with the crimes of robbery, theft, forgery, dangerous driving, money laundering and being members of a criminal organization.



During the search of five properties in the province of Tarragona, in the towns of Montroig del Camp and Hospitalet de L'Innfat, the officers seized cash, perfumes, mobile phones, tablets, computers, handbags, watches, knives, glasses, clothing and numerous documents relevant to the investigation, as well as five vehicles.

The investigation revolved around the knowledge of several thefts and robberies committed in the service areas of the AP-7 in the province of Castellon. The gang would puncture a tyre on a target vehicles, which would then continue on its journey, followed by the gang members. As the innocent driver of the target vehicle pulled over to examine the vehicle, the gang would stop with the target vehicle and offer assistance, whilst distracting the driver and other vehicle occupants to allow a second gang member to snatch bags and goods from their target vehicle, before making off in such a short time that the victim was confused by the situation for long enough to enable their escape.

In addition to the Guardia Civil, the operation also involved officers from the Judicial and USECIC Police. The detainees have been made available to the courts in Vinaròs, Castellón.

### Tenerife Based Traffic Officer Killed By Drunk Driver

A traffic officer from the Guardia Civil has been killed, hit by a drunk driver.



The incident took place at around 17:00 on Tuesday at kilometre 23 of the TF-5 road in the Santa Cruz direction in the La Matanza area of the island of Tenerife.

The officer, who was identified as 38 year old Félix García Rosa, who lived with his partner on the island and whose family live on the peninsula, was travelling on his private motorcycle at the time and was not on duty.



Despite being off duty, he saw a vehicle in trouble having broken down on the carriageway and stopped to assist.

The officer was about to dismount when a van collided with his motorbike, dragging the bike and the officer for several metres.



Two doctors who were passing the incident stopped to assist and rendered treatment to the officer who had suffered multiple trauma and cardiopulmonary arrest.

Further medical assistance had been dispatched by the emergency coordination centre, but the officer had gone into cardiac arrest and nothing more could be done to save his life.

The driver of the van tested positive for having consumed alcohol and gave a reading of 0.41 milligrams of alcohol per litre of exhaled air. The maximum permitted alcohol limit in Spain is 0.25 milligrams for normal car drivers and 0.15 mg for professionals.

### Always There to Help

Whatever the weather, come rain or shine, the man and women of the emergency services are always there to help.

During the storms of this week, they have all been pushed to the limit, and yet they are still there, ready to help.

This picture shows one such patrol from the Guardia Civil who tried to push the vehicle in front out of danger, when it had become stranded trying to pass a flooded road.



Please, monitor the weather, and in the event of a warning, only drive if absolutely necessary. Take care and stay safe, for everybody´s sake.

### Blue Lights for All Priority Vehicles

From February 2016, all priority vehicles on Spain´s roads will display flashing blue lights.



Currently, fire and ambulance vehicles, and tow trucks responding to an emergency, indicate that they are priority vehicles by use of flashing orange lights, with only the police and Guardia Civil using blue.

Spain was the only European country which had not adopted the standard but a change to the law which covers this provision has been published in the official gazette this week, along with many other changes to traffic laws, which will come into force early next year.

We will detail many of those changes over the next few months to allow you time to get used to them, so make sure you bookmark this site or subscribe to our newsletter.

### Visibility is Important

If you have a breakdown on road, be careful. Despite of using hazard lights, two warning triangles and blue flashing lights....a truck crashed into a Guardia Civil patrol car whilst attending an accident.

Fortunately the officers were out of the car, helping the driver and their family.

Distractions are one of the three main contributing factors to road traffic incidents. Never think that all drivers have seen your vehicle on the hard shoulder. Some of them are talking with the copilot, talking on the phone, programming a gps, even...texting while driving.

This costs lives, please, be safe when you are on the road.

### Latest Campaign Statistics Reveal Driver Attitudes

Results of the latest campaign monitoring secondary roads in Spain have revealed that excessive speed, not using seatbelts or child restraints and lack of maintenance as the top three traffic violations reported.



The campaign, which ran from the 19th to the 25th of October, saw more than half a million vehicles checked and 27,370 drivers reported, 5.15% of the total.

Of the drivers sanctioned in the campaign, 39% of them were reported for exceeding the maximum permitted speed limit, and 13% were exceeding the limit by 20 kilometres per hour over that maximum. In total, 16,564 drivers have been reported for speeding.

The second most common report was for the non-use of seat belts. In one week alone, 1,349 people were reported for not wearing a seat belt, as well as those responsible for the welfare of children in the vehicle were reported for carrying 81 children in vehicles where they were not secured in the appropriate child restraint system.

In addition, 57 people were reported for not wearing a crash helmet on a motorbike or scooter. Thus increasing the risk of becoming one of the three out of four bikers who die as a result of head injuries.

Bearing in mind that wearing any kind of device in your ear is illegal in Spain, including headphones and hands-free mobile devices, 1,113 drivers were sanctioned for distractions whilst driving, including the wearing of such devices.

Plus, 1,196 drivers tested positive in alcohol and drug tests, 308 were reported for dangerous overtaking and 292 failed to stop or give way at a junction.

Regarding vehicle maintenance standards, 1,324 drivers were reported for driving vehicles with technical defects and another 67 for major faults resulting in the vehicle being immobilised by traffic officers.

Finally, 1,447 drivers were reported for not having the correct documentation, relating to the vehicle, in most cases not having an up to date ITV, and another 750 were reported for driver documentation errors.

### Be Prepared: What´s Around the Next Corner?

A truck carrying bags of concrete along Phuket's west coast road crashed when the brakes failed between Kamala and Patong.

The load spilled across the road but the driver escaped with minor injuries.

When driving, things can happen when you least expect it. Always maintain appropriate speed and distance and stay alert.



 

### Warning: Never Attempt to Bribe Your Way Out of Trouble

Officers from the Guardia Civil have charged two Moroccan nationals who they stopped in the Toledo town of Talavera de la Reina, one with road safety offences, the other with charges of bribery after he tried to convince the officers to let them go in exchange for cash.

The officers stopped the vehicle on suspicion of it being overloaded, with the rear axle collapsing. Upon stopping the vehicle they found it to be 1,225 kilos in excess of the maximum permitted weight allowed to be carried on the vehicle.

A routine check then revealed that the driver had lost his license and had not completed a mandatory education course and was subsequently banned.

The passenger in the vehicle, who was found to be carrying 2,515 euro in cash, attempted to bribe the officers to turn a blind eye and let them continue.

The officers denied the offer and promptly arrested both parties.

### Junctions

A road junction is a location where multiple roads intersect, allowing vehicular traffic to change from one road to another.

Priority

The notion of “priority” refers to the passage of vehicles and which vehicles are allowed to move through junctions and roadways first. In modern terms, we refer to priority in a similar manner to how the phrase “right of way” was once used, but in a time of shared space and multiple different uses for roads and vehicles, to which nobody has a “right” to be on the roads over any other vehicle, it is acknowledged that drivers do have to “give way” to other road users and so we not only replace the terminology but also the notion of how traffic flows.

The driver of a vehicle that has to give way to another must not initiate or continue a manoeuvre across a junction in the event of that manoeuvre causing a hazard by forcing the other vehicle to deviate from its speed, course or direction.

Unmarked Crossings



When no signs, signals or road markings indicating priority are present at a junction, drivers must give way to approaching vehicles from their right, irrespective of the type of vehicle that it is, including cycles, horse and carts, agricultural vehicles, cars, buses and trucks, except in the following cases:

In the event of movement from an unpaved road to a paved road, the vehicles on the paved road have priority.



Vehicles running on rails have priority over all other road users.



At roundabouts, vehicles on the roundabout have priority over those wishing to enter it.

Vehicles traveling on a motorway have priority over those seeking to access the highway.

Signalled Junctions

Drivers of vehicles approaching a junction controlled by an officer of official controlling traffic must stop their vehicles when ordered. The instructions of officials controlling junctions overrule the signs.

The driver of a vehicle approaching a junction controlled by traffic lights must stop their vehicle in order to give way when indicated by a red of flashing yellow light.

Road signs P-1, which are formed of pictograms enclosed in a red triangle warn of a junction ahead, indicate the priority through that junction by means of the larger, bolder arrowed line.



Road sign P-2, which is formed of an “x” type cross in a red triangle warns of a junction where the general rule offers priority to vehicles approaching from the right.



At junctions where road markings indicate the need to give way or to stop and give way, drivers passing through that junction on the major road in either direction have priority through the junction.



Irrespective of the priority through a junction, no vehicle is permitted to enter any junction or pedestrian crossing unless the exit from the junction or crossing is clear.

Some junctions are protected by yellow boxes which dictate the same, although the rule applies irrespective of the presence of such a feature that a junction must not be blocked by any vehicle unless the exit from that junction is clear and the only thing impeded the egress is the flow of traffic crossing its path.

### Google Helping to Identify Drivers

As far too many humans are still incapable of acknowledging the dangers of using a mobile phone whilst driving, developers are taking to use the devices themselves to solve the problem.



Distractions whilst driving are one of the principal contributing factors to road traffic collisions and using the mobile is right at the top of the list when it comes to identifying one of the biggest causes of distraction.

Using your mobile whilst driving is illegal. Wearing a headset, even just one, is illegal. Using a hands free kit which does not go in your ear is legal. Touching your GPS device whilst driving is illegal. The only legal way of using these devices whilst driving is to stop your vehicle in a safe and legal place which doesn’t cause inconvenience to other road users.

With the explosion in the market of smartwatches, linked to your mobile phone, the possibility of distractions is increasing.

Whilst the development of driverless cars is continuing, Internet giant Google is also trying to help solve the problems caused by allowing humans behind the wheel, having patented a system, primarily for smartwatches, that detects your location in the vehicle, thus allowing the device to determine if you are located in the driver´s seat. Not only does the system identify your location, it also monitors movement, such as if you are steering the vehicle or changing gears.



If the device identifies that you are the driver, it automatically disables some of the more distracting functions, such as notifications, thus reducing the risk.

That said, so long as humans are in control of these devices, the element of risk still remains, and the system can of course be bypassed simply by removing the watch. However, the fact that a global enterprise is trying to go some way to assist in the problem should be recognised.

### DGT to Test Traffic Drones

Already ground-breaking in their method of policing the roads from the air, the DGT has contracted a Spanish company to create an “Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, or “drone” to monitor traffic.



With many of their helicopters already fitted with the pinpoint accurate Pegasus radar system, the DGT already use their eyes in the sky for speed detection as well as traffic flow, this latest development could revolutionise the skies once again.

However, the current legislation does not allow for the use of drone to monitor traffic, as the pilot of the drone has to be able to maintain visual contact with the aircraft, and so monitoring could only be done on a local level.

That said, it is intended that the first prototypes will take to the air in summer of 2016, equipped with a camera and setting about monitoring the conventional road network.

The drone is much cheaper to fly that a conventional aircraft and offer a faster response. In addition to monitoring traffic flow, it is hoped that they could be used emergency and incident response, following exceptional loads, fault detection and (eventually) enforcement.

Drones are already in use by numerous police forces around the globe, often for monitoring purposes, and in America there was a huge outcry in 2013 when California´s highways suddenly saw warning signs about Law Enforcement by Drones, although on this occasion it was part of an art project and not real.

### N332 Meet ADAPT

Representatives from both the n332.es website team and the Guardia Civil officers who run the N332 Facebook page got together this week in a presentation organised by the ADAPT association based in San Pedro del Pinatar.

After an introduction by the ADAPT President John Frame, Fransisco Morales, a serving Guardia Civil officer based in Torrevieja, then took to the stage to start the presentation. Joined by Mark Nolan from the n332.es website, the pair showed a series of videos, including the famous “How to Identify an Unmarked Guardia Civil Patrol Car” film, and the infamous “How to Drive on a Roundabout” animation, before taking the audience through a series of slides detailing the laws relating to driving in Spain.

During the 90 minute presentation, some of the most popular questions were answered, and the most popular topics covered, including everything from documents and equipment you must carry, trailers and loads, speed, alcohol and drugs, licensing and emergencies, as well as the latest changes to the laws, such as children no longer being allowed to travel in the front of vehicles.

This was the latest presentation aimed at the ex-pat community, which was kindly made available partly through the assistance of Autos Direct, who will be collaborating with the N332 project in the future to provide other information such as mechanical advice and allow us to produce a number of videos related to vehicle maintenance at their facility in San Miguel.

Together, we thank ADAPT for inviting us to give the presentation and for providing the photographs.

You can find out more about ADAPT, who aim to assist all nationalities integrate into life in Spain, by visiting their website, www.adaptsanpedro.com.

### BTP Being Removed from Licences

From the 1st of January, 2016, the “btp” classification on Spanish driving licences will be removed, in line with EU legislation.

The “btp” classification is already only valid in Spain and the removal of the classification is part of the Single European Driving Licence standardisation program.

The “btp” classification is a specific category for drivers of certain types of vehicles, such as those who drive priority or emergency service vehicles, taxis and school transport drivers, with a maximum permissible weight not exceeding 3,500 kg mass and the number of seats, including the driver, not exceeding nine.

Drivers of these vehicles will still be permitted to drive them as their standard licences will cover the validity, namely category “B”, so long as all other criteria is met. There is also no need to apply to change the licence as the category will automatically be removed at the next, normal renewal.

As the normal category “B” licence covers such activities in countries other than Spain, the removal is part of the standardisation and will be reflected in the driver regulations through the publication of the Official Gazette.

### Eight Weekend Road Deaths

Eight people have lost their lives on the roads of Spain this weekend, in the provisional balance from the DGT between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.

Friday was the worst day of the weekend when five people were killed, including two pensioners who were knocked down in the Cantabrian town of Liérganes. A third pensioner was injured in the same incident.

Saturday saw the remaining three people lose their lives, whereas there were no fatalities registered on Sunday.

### Intensified Campaign on Secondary Roads

All this week, the DGT will be operating a special campaign monitoring the secondary road network in Spain.



The campaign will run from Monday the 19th until Sunday the 25th of October and will pay close attention to factors which contribute most to incidents on these roads.

As a result, the Guardia Civil traffic department will be out in force carrying out extensive checks on speed, as well as monitoring for seatbelts, restraining devices and helmets, alcohol and drug use, improper overtaking, use of mobile phones and wearing of headphones and earpieces, as well as vehicle and driver documentation and standards.

The local police will also be assisting in the campaign and the DGT will have their own enforcement vehicles out monitoring the network too, both on the ground and from the air.

Secondary roads are the scene for most fatal incidents on the road network and so this campaign not only serves to raise awareness of the dangers associated with additional risk factors, but also aims to reduce casualties and fatalities.

### San Javier Air Academy Open Day

Here are a few pictures from the open day at the San Javier Air Academy this weekend. You can see some of these aircraft performing in the air show on Sunday, full details here.

### Warning Over Ikea Voucher Scam

The Spanish National Police have warned of the latest scam that is circulating through social network sites, offering vouchers to spend in Ikea.



The police explain that consumers are invited to complete a brief survey in exchange for a 150 euro voucher to spend at the furniture store, but this is nothing more than a scam.

Ikea themselves have become aware of the problem and have also circulated a warning through their own sites.

No rellenes esta encuesta, se trata de un #fraude que nada tiene que ver con IKEA #phishing pic.twitter.com/R3Guoiyx3H— IKEA España (@IKEA_Spain) October 15, 2015


The aim of the scam is to extract personal information from the users which could then be used for fraudulent means.

If you come across anything like this, the advice is to not submit any data and to report the post through the social network site´s own reporting procedure.

 

### San Javier Air Show This Weekend

This weekend, the air academy in San Javier will open its door to the public to visit a static display of aircraft, and offer a fantastic air show over the coastal waters of Santiago de la Ribera.



This is the first time such an event has taken place since 2006 and is in celebration of the 30th anniversary of the Eagle Aerobatic Patrol, the Patrulla Acrobática Águila.



On Saturday the 17th of October the air base will be open for public visits between 10:00 and 17:00, with a static display laid out along the second runway at San Javier, where you can photograph the aircraft and even meet some of the pilots.



Aircraft on display will include transporters such as the CL-215T Apagafuegos, commonly in use as a fire-fighting water carrying plane, the C-295 twin-turboprop tactical military transport aircraft, the Transall C-160 designed and produced as a joint venture between France and Germany, and the Cessna Citation mini-jet.



There will also be a Eurofighter Typhoon and a Harrier jump-jet amongst the displays, sitting along an F-18 and others planes, plus helicopters, including the HE-25, also used in aerobatic displays, and a police patrol helicopter.



One of the highlights of the static display will be the CASA C-101 Aviojet, a low-wing single engine jet-powered advanced trainer and light attack aircraft, which is the plane used by the Eagle Patrol in their displays.



Special parking has been arranged, which will be clearly signposted, with buses provided to shuttle visitors to and from the base.



On Saturday evening there will be a special presentation with the renaming of a street in the town and a concert by the military band.



On Sunday, the action moves to the air with a display in the skies above the Santiago de la Ribera starting at 10:00 and lasting 5 hours.



First on display will be the FACV, flying classic Dornier and Bucker aircraft, taking up the first ten minutes of the show. A police helicopter display is second with the action continuing throughout the afternoon, including displays from Italian and French military teams, a helicopter aerobatic display, wing-walker Ainoha Sanchez, and culminating with the Eagles giving a 30 minute display from 14:01 until 14:31, followed by the climatic end of the parachute display team returning the show to earth.



During the air show, the beaches will be fitted with sound equipment to enable visitors to follow the schedule and it will be broadcast live on the 7RM television channel.

With much more going on throughout the weekend, for full details you can visit the San Javier official website, www.sanjavier.es.

### Serious Crash at Los Alcazares

The emergency services attended an incident on the A-/ motorway near to Los Alcazares on Wednesday afternoon.



The alarm was raised at the emergency coordination centre at 18:41 reporting the incident on the A-7 in the Alicante direction, near to bridge number RM F-26.



A car had apparently crossed the central reservation and collided with a truck heading in the opposite direction.



The fire and rescue service was dispatched immediately, along with local police who called for assistance from the Guardia Civil.



The two injured parties, a male ages 23 and a female aged 21, were taken to the Los Arcos hospital with numerous injuries.

Pictures from @112rmurcia

### The Blue to White Line in Orihuela

Orihuela local police have taken to Facebook to appeal for help in identifying problem roads where pedestrian crossings need repainting.



This week, they posted pictures of word being carried out on Calle José Avila in the city, advising that the work will be carried out every Wednesday.



They then asked for their followers to report any areas where pedestrian crossings are in urgent need of painting, whether in the city, the local villages or the coastal zones.

The police will then pass the information on to the municipal contractors based on the priority and urgency of the work.

You can email information about the problem areas, giving as much location information as possible, to policialocal@orihuela.es, and if you´re on Facebook you can follow the daily work of the officers, as well as receiving important advice and information, by searching for Policía Local de Orihuela.

### Officers Injured in Drugs Arrest

Two officers from the Guardia Civil in Málaga were injured on Wednesday when their vehicle was rammed by a car attempting to evade capture.



The suspect vehicle was found to be carrying 1,900 kg of hashish, with the actions of the officers preventing the distribution of a large quantity of drugs.

### Signs on Approach to Bends

What do the directional panels mean?

Directional panels are placed in addition to the warning signs, and let drivers know how severe a bend is, allowing them to make the correct decision to reduce their speed.

Whether there is one, two or three signs indicates the severity of the bend and therefore how much the driver should slow down.

The directional panels have strips of dark blue and white and are located at the start of the bend.

They must be visible at least 100 meters away from the driver and are there to warn you that the next turn is very dangerous and the driver needs to be aware.

Most importantly they are there to warn the driver of the speed at which they can take the bend safely. This speed is at least 15 km / h lower than the speed at which the driver is approaching in line with the legal spend limits.

If you see one panel, you need to reduce your speed by 15-30 km/h. If you see two, you need to reduce your speed by 30-45 km/h. Finally, if you see three panels you need to reduce your speed by more than 45 km/h.

### Holiday Weekend Sees 15 People Lose Their Lives

A total of 15 people lost their lives and another 12 have been injured on the main road network of Spain during the long holiday weekend, according to the preliminary figures from the DGT.

A special operation was in place between Friday and Monday, during which time an estimated 4.8 million trips were expected to take place. That operation finished at 20:00 on Monday.

Saturday was the worst day of the weekend with 8 people being killed, 3 of them motorcyclists, in 6 incidents. A collision between a truck and a car on the N-234 road in the Soria town of Casarejos resulted in 3 fatalities. A car collided with the central reservation on the A-23 in Barracas resulting in 2 deaths, and a head-on collision between 2 cars resulted in a further fatality near the Málaga town of Mijas, after a vehicle drove the wrong way down the A-7 motorway for one kilometre.

On Sunday, there were 5 incidents with 6 fatalities, and on Monday, the day when most of the domestic tourists returned home, there was 1 fatality in El Ejido, Almería.

### Truck Crash Blocks Motorway

A vehicle transporter carrying a variety of different cars crashed on the AP-7 motorway near La Zenia on the Orihuela Costa on Sunday, blocking both lanes of the carriageway.

The driver received medical attention at the scene but was not seriously injured.

The Alicante to Cartagena motorway had to be closed in the Alicante direction as a result of the crash, with vehicles being diverted away from the toll road and into the N-332 main coastal road.

### AP-7 Crash Rojales

On Friday morning, officers from the Guardia Civil attended a serious traffic accident in the AP-7 (Rojales).

The driver was taken to the hospital and one lane in the Alicante direction was closed during the morning.

### Do You Know The Latest UK Traffic Law Changes?

The rules of the road change constantly, sometimes as new procedures are implemented, sometimes as a result of lessons learnt from incidents and sometimes because the world around us is constantly changing and evolving too.

When we first studied to pass our driving test, we focussed on a key set of these rules and procedures in order to pass the test, and although many of these rules are still valid today, there were many others which will have changed.

Although we focus on driving in Spain, we do know that many of our readers sometimes return to their native countries, and so we thought it might be useful to share some of the most recent changes to the U.K. Highway code.

Smoking laws have changed. In England and Wales, the driver MUST NOT smoke or allow anyone to smoke in an enclosed private vehicle carrying someone under 18, including motor caravans. This became law on 1 October 2015.

It is not just the police who have the power to stop vehicles. Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency officers have powers to stop vehicles on all roads, including motorways and trunk roads, in England and Wales. They will attract your attention by flashing amber lights either from the front requesting you to follow them to a safe place to stop, or from behind directing you to pull over to the side by pointing and/or using the left indicator. It is an offence not to comply with their directions. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency replaced the Vehicle and Operator Services Agency who previously had these powers in April 2014.



Dangerous driving now commands a much higher fine than ever before. The £5,000 limit on fines for the most serious offences was removed on 5 June 2015. These now carry an unlimited fine.

Some vehicles have been allowed to go faster. The national speed limit for lorries on single carriageways increased from 40 mph to 50 mph on 6 April 2015.

The maximum permitted alcohol limit is different in Scotland. The legal limits for breath alcohol in Scotland was lowered from 5 December 2014. The limit is 35 microgrammes per 100 millilitres of breath in England and Wales.

If you would like to be kept up to date with U.K. traffic laws, you can follow The Highway Code on Twitter (@HighwayCodeGB) or Facebook, or sign up to get a weekly email reminder about different rules and regulations.

It is always a good idea to keep up to date and be reminded of rules we may have got a bit rusty on. Driving can be a dangerous event, but we can all do our bit to try to make the roads a safer place.

### Stolen Vehicle Recovered

Two detained after crashing a stolen vehicle in Nogales (Badajoz).

### Latest Mobile Radar List Released

The DGT has published the latest list of locations where mobile and fixed radar speed detection equipment will be operating. All of the locations have been identified based on their dangerousness, by the number and severity of incidents that have occurred and the average speed detected.

This latest list now has a total of 1,314 sections of secondary roads covered by the jurisdiction of the DGT, thus excluding Catalonia and the Basque Country, but includes new sections and updates that were released in July.

This is the first update to the list since July, during which time statisticians have been monitoring the roads closely, revealing that 1 in 3 road deaths occurred in sections classed as dangerous, resulting in 86 deaths.

Although monitoring for speed is the main objective at these locations, the officers operating the check-points will also be checking for evidence of the presence of alcohol or drugs, and correct documentation and status of the driver and vehicle, including licence, insurance and ITV.

You can view the entire list, sorted by section and searchable, on the DGT website here. Alternatively, this link takes you direct to the list of radars in the Alicante province.

### Another Major Weekend Operation

As we begin the latest holiday weekend in Spain, the road network is expected to be particularly busy once again.

Friday is a regional holiday across Valencia and Monday is a National holiday affecting the whole country.

The special operation begins at 12:00 on Friday and runs until midnight on Monday the 12th, where the Valencia region alone is expected to see 2.1 million vehicle movements.

Across the country there will be an anticipated 5,750,000 journeys made, with Valencia accounting for 20% of all traffic.

Within the Valencia region there is expected to be 1,100,000 movements in the province of Valencia, 800,000 in Alicante and 300,000 in Castellon.

Although the special operation begins on Friday, Thursday is when traffic is expected to begin to accumulate, with the late afternoon expected to be busiest. After that, Friday between 08:00 and 14:00 and Monday between 16:00 and 21:00 will be the busiest times overall.

The coastal hotspots are likely to be the busiest, including Benidorm, El Altet, Santa Pola and Torrevieja, as well as the connections from the motorway network and the N-332 main coastal road.

In order to ensure the smooth flow of traffic and the safest possible journey, the DGT will be using the “maximum” resources available, including strengthening the Guardia Civil patrols, and using their helicopters to monitor traffic. All none essential road works will be suspended and the transport of dangerous goods will be controlled.

When driving on long journeys the usual advice still stands, mainly to allow plenty of time for your journey, try to avoid the busiest times, take plenty of breaks and maintain a safe speed and distance appropriate to the conditions.

For shorter journeys, local drivers should be aware that many of the vehicles on the roads will be driven by people not as used to the roads as they are, and so patience and understanding are also important.

### Hero Rescues Couple in Car

An elderly couple had a shock on Wednesday when their vehicle rolled from the Nautilus Restaurant car park near Torrevieja and into the sea.

The couple remained in the vehicle until a young man who witnessed the incident jumped into the water to help them, releasing them through the window.

An ambulance attended some 30 minutes after the call for assistance and the fire brigade had to be called later as the vehicle recovery teams were unable to retrieve the Seat Ibiza car.

### Tunnel Speed Equipment Upgraded

Drivers who frequent the A-70 motorway near Alicante may be pleased to know that the radar speed detectors fitted to the San Juan tunnel have been removed.

However, before you get too excited, the speed detectors have been replaced by more modern equipment, situated at the side near to the tunnel entrances, rather than above, which are monitoring for vehicles over a longer distance than before, looking for vehicles exceeding the 80 kilometres per hour limit.

The other equipment installed in the tunnel and at the exit still remains and will be monitoring traffic all the way through the tunnel.

It might be worth noting that these radar speed detectors are amongst the most successful in the Alicante province for catching speeders, and so the upgrade is quite befitting to equipment that is working so tirelessly to make the roads safer.

### British Police Collaboration Identifies Murder Suspect

Officers from the Guardia Civil, who were being assisted by colleagues from the British Police, arrested a man wanted in the UK on suspicion of murder.

The British Police were working as part of a collaboration which allowed them to patrol with the Guardia Civil in the Balearic Islands, which saw them patrolling the areas of Calvià and Sant Antoni de Portmany in order to boost security over the summer.

The officers were called in to deal with a suspected domestic violence case involving the man allegedly attacking a female in August in Calviá. The incident occurred on the 3rd of August with the arrest of the man, identified as A.C.J., dating back to the 10th.

The subsequent investigation which was carried out with both agencies revealed the man to be wanted in the UK and being recalled in connection with the murder whilst on probation, as well as ignoring requests for him to return.

Since he was detained the Guardia Civil, British Police and National Crime Agency have been working to complete the necessary formalities to have the man returned to the UK. He had been detained under the terms of a European Arrest Warrant.

### Nine Fatalities this Weekend

Nine people lost their lives on the roads of Spain during the course of the weekend, according to the preliminary data provided by the DGT.

Three of those who were killed were motorcyclists.

Sunday was the most fatal day when 5 people were killed and another 3 were injured. The remaining 4 fatalities occurred on Saturday.

Although all involved were lucky to be alive, one of the biggest crashes of the weekend occurred on Sunday in the Valladolid town of Medina.

A total of 15 people were injured in a multi-vehicle collision on the A-6 main road when 40 vehicles were involved in the crash, closing the road for around 2 hours.

The initial hypothesis is that reduced visibility caused by a sandstorm was a contributing factor and the drivers failed to respond appropriately to the conditions.

### Children in Cars

New traffic laws come into force this week in Spain, with the main objective of protecting children in cars.

As of the 1st of October, all children measuring 135 cm in height or less must ride in the rear seats of a vehicle, irrespective of their age, and in addition to the requirements of the correct seat being provided appropriate to their size and weight.

There are a number of exceptions to the rule, for example, when the vehicle does not have rear seats, when all rear seats are already occupied by others under the same characteristics, and where it is not possible to install approved child restraints in those rear seats. These are the only occasions when children may occupy a front seat, but they must always use the restraint system approved for their height and weight.

This new provision is contained in the amendment of art. 117 Rules of the road (seat belts or other approved child restraint systems), made by Royal Decree 667/2015 of the 17th of July (BOE of July 18, 2015).

The amendment of that article also stipulates that child restraints must be installed in the vehicle in accordance with the instructions provided by the manufacturer and the instructions that will indicate how and what kind of vehicles can be used safely. With this modification the EU Directive 2014/37 / EU on the compulsory use of safety belts and child restraints in vehicles is transposed.

The modification of the law also reflects the scientific evidence from numerous studies that demonstrate the benefit of children traveling in the rear seats of vehicles in order to strengthen their protection.

A study in the United States looked at 5,751 vehicle occupants under the age of 15 who had suffered a serious car incident. The report shows that sitting in the back seat had a protective effect with respect to serious injury or death.

A further study in Australia concluded that the risk of death in children under 4 years of age involved in an incident whilst travelling in a car was doubled if they sat in the front. The risk of death was four times higher if the person was under 1 year of age, according to the study.

Not only is the overall risk of injury higher in the front seats, but also the severity of injuries sustained, according to the CIREN institution, the Crash Injury Research Engineering Network.

The change to the law in Spain has been prompted on account of the DGT seeing growing concerns for the safety of children in vehicles. In 2014, 2 of the 14 children under 12 years of age who were killed whilst travelling in vehicles were not wearing any safety device at the time of the accident. It was the same for 9 out of the 82 children who were seriously injured, they too were not wearing any kind of restraint.

The DGT therefore made it one of their priority objectives in the 2011-2020 Road Safety Strategy, to ensure that no child loses their life as a result of not being properly restrained.

Therefore, as well as clarifying the laws and making them easier to understand, the DGT have also increased the powers of the traffic police in dealing with adults who fail to take necessary responsibility for children, including the immediate immobilisation of a vehicle where children are found to be travelling without appropriate safety restraints.

To make the matter even clearer, there are a number of Golden Rules that must be followed regarding children in vehicle.

Never carry a child in your arms or use the same seat belt that is protecting the adult.

The use of child restraint systems (CRS) reduced the risk of death by 75% and the severity of injuries by 90%.

Make sure the seat is properly installed. It should not move and ought to be properly secured, the recommended option being the Isofix anchorage system

The child's head should never hover higher than or over the back of the seat. If this happens it must be replaced by another of a suitable size.

If the child has to ride in the front seat, because of one of the three exceptions, if the vehicle has front airbags, you must only use a rear-facing restraint if the airbag has been deactivated.

Always make sure that the restraints are well anchored, even on short journeys, where the highest number of risk behaviours accumulate.

It is recommended that you continue to use appropriate and approved child restraint system until the child reaches 150 cm in height. Once a child is taller than 150 cm, then they must use the vehicle seat belt.

It is important to note that it is the responsibility of the adults transporting children to ensure their safety, as well as their own.

### Internet Speedster Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested a 25 year old male, a resident of the León town of La Robla, accused of a crime of road safety, after the man posted a video of himself speeding on the internet.

The video was posted on social network sites and clearly showed the vehicle traveling along the LE-473 Pola de Gordón to Pantano de Luna road at a speed of 200 kilometres per hour, where the maximum permitted speed is 90 kilometres per hour.



The officers were then able to identify the driver as well as the vehicle and proceeded to file a complaint against him for a serious road traffic offence.

The driver now faces a prison sentence of three to six months, or a fine of six to twelve months and community service, as well as a ban from driving for up to four years.

The fact have been presented to the Magistrate's Court of León by the officers working in the Guardia Civil traffic department of Castilla y León.

### Traffic Officer Killed in Segovia

An officer from the Guardia Civil traffic department was killed in the line of duty on Thursday.

The emergency coordination centre for Castilla y León received the call at around 09:10 on Thursday reporting that the officers was involved in an incident whilst riding his liveried motorcycle at kilometre 68 of the N-VI road in the Segovia town of El Espinar.

The officer was said to be unconscious. The emergency centre despatched medical assistance and a helicopter but they could do nothing other than to confirm the death of the officer at the scene.

The officer was said to be 31 years of age.

### Detached Trailer Causes Torrevieja Crash

Officers from the Guardia Civil attended yet another major crash on the now infamous N-332 main road in the La Mata area of Torrevieja on Monday, just a short distance away from a number of other crashes this year.

A trailer being towed by a vehicle became detached and crossed to the opposing lane, smashing into the front of a car travelling in the Cartagena direction.



As a result of injuries sustained in the crash, one woman had to be taken to hospital. The road was closed for a short time whilst the debris was cleared up.

### Valencia Slows Down

Valencia council has implemented a 30 kilometre per hour limit on all roads within the city centre.

The measure, which came into force at the start of September, aims to expand the space for pedestrians, increase road safety, reduce environmental pollution and promote local businesses.

A promotional campaign called “El centro ya va a 30” was launched which detailed how the limit is enforced on all roads within the first ring-road, in the area known as the “Ciutat Vella” or “old town”.

Valencia is not the first city to implement a reduced limit and follows in the footsteps of the likes of Bilbao, Pontevedra and Vitora in Spain, as well as Paris, Copenhagen and London.

Limiting the speed is not where the story will end however, as the Mayor of the city, Joan Ribó, accompanied by the councillor for mobility, Guiseppe Grezzi, explained that this first stage of “pacification of road traffic in the city centre”, will ultimately lead to a restricted zone being created where only authorised vehicles will be allowed access. This is intended to streamline traffic in the city centre, and create a safer place for pedestrians.

The campaign message will have a heavy presence on publicity posters and street furniture in the centre, advising as many people as possible of the change, so that the city centre can become a more attractive and safer space for all.

### Over 3,000 caught not wearing a seatbelt

During the latest campaign focussing on seatbelts and child restraints, the Guardia Civil caught more than 3,000 people in vehicles who were not wearing a seatbelt.

During the seven day campaign which ran between the 7th and the 13th of September, there were 2,830 adults and 206 children under 12 who were not wearing seatbelts.

Of the adult, 1,766 were drivers, the remaining 1,064 were passengers, divided as 649 in the front and 415 in the rear seats.

The campaign coincided with the return to school, and so the aim was to reduce the risk to children as well as adults by raising awareness of the need to wear this life-saving security device.

The use of seatbelts is mandatory for all occupants of vehicles, both in the front and the rear seats.

### Speed Limit Signs

Some of the most confusing signs for drivers moving to Spain are those related to speed limits. There are some similarities in the UK Highway Code.

When we look at road signs we remember some basic principles. Red circles tell us what we must NOT do, blue circles tell us what we MUST do, squares and rectangles offer information, triangles are warnings. There are a couple of others, such as the hexagonal stop sign, but they are the principle points to remember. Red circles DON´T, blue circles DO, squares and rectangles are info, triangles are warnings.

The maximum permitted speed on a road is indicated by means of a circular sign with a red border and the numbers in black the centre. This is a mandatory speed limit sign, known as R-301.

The UK Highway Code says, "Maximum Speed".



There is also a minimum required speed sign, the R-411, which is a blue circle with numbers in white in the centre. A minimum speed is a requirement on a number of roads, and so if your vehicle is incapable of reaching those speeds, you will not be allowed on them.

The UK Highway Code says, "Minimum Speed"



These signs can also appear in conjunction with other information, such as denoting the minimum or maximum speed in a particular lane, such as the S-50.



The third signs relating to speed are the S-7 and S-9, which is an advisory maximum speed limit sign. It is a blue square with white numbers printed in the centre and denotes the advised maximum speed which your vehicle should travel on through the stretch in question. This sign can also be accompanied by a danger warning and is active for the stretch of road where the danger exists.



The S-9 sign denoted a variable recommended maximum speed, with the advice being to keep the speed between the parameters shown, depending on the weather and environmental conditions of the road and traffic. When placed under a warning sign of a danger, the recommendation refers to the section in which that danger persists.



There is one more variation on the speed limit signs that we have to know, that is when they are coloured yellow. The principle of these signs remains the same. The maximum permitted speed sign still has a red border and is therefore treated the same. The only difference is the fact that the body is yellow. Yellow signs are used during temporary operations, such as in road works or when there is a diversion in place for example. The rules still apply whether the sign is yellow or white, but yellow signs take priority over their original white versions, as the restrictions are in place for a temporary section or time.

All roads have a speed limit, even those which don´t display speed limit signs. It is important to know the different characteristics of the roads so as to determine the maximum permitted speed, especially in the event of no signs being displayed.

Roads are separated into four main groups. The first group is toll roads and motorways, otherwise known as autopistas and autovias. The second group are conventional roads, which is split again into two subgroups, vías automóviles and carreteras convencionales with a hard shoulder equal to or greater than 1.5 m or more than two lanes for either direction (3 lanes or more in total); and other conventional roads, otras carreteras convencionales. The final group are urban roads, or Vías urbanas, travesías.

The table below indicates the maximum permitted speed on the four different types of roads, under optimum conditions.



There are other restrictions on certain types of vehicles and activities which must also be taken into consideration.

 

 

### New Software to Prevent Kamikaze Drivers

A new application has been created by Bosch, which aims to alert so called “kamikaze” drivers, who either intentionally or accidentally drive the wrong way down the road.

The software, which will be available integrated into the vehicle´s technology such as GPS systems or SmartPhones, hopes to form a part of the future of safer vehicles by alerting drivers of the potential risk.

Should the driver still fail to respond to the warning, the equipment is capable of forcing the vehicle to stop within a few seconds, simultaneously sending an alert to approaching vehicles of the potential hazard ahead.

Bosch aim to put the technology into production in 2016, although the ability to stop the vehicle will only be available in those cars which have computerised assistance built in.

### Runaway Bus Goes on Shopping Trip

A runaway bus crashed into the doorway of a department store on Monday, though miraculously nobody was injured in the bizarre crash.



The bus had stopped at the nearby terminal at Santa Cruz de Tenerife, and passengers and driver disembarked. Without warning, the bus apparently decided to continue on its own shopping trip and left the bus station in reverse heading towards the entrance of the El Corte Inglés store.

The bus was said to be in good mechanical order and all paper work was in place and correct, but an investigation has been launched to ascertain the circumstances surrounding the incident.

The only damage was to the back of the bus and some bicycles that were parked at the front of the store.

### Cyclists Killed by Hit and Run Drunk

Catalan police have arrested a 23 year old driver who ploughed into a group of cyclists, killing two of them and injuring two others, before fleeing the scene on foot.

The incident occurred just after 08:00 on Sunday morning on the L-7041 road in the Segriá town of Soses, between Zaragoza and Barcelona.

The group of cyclists were hit head-on by the car that was travelling in the opposite direction. Javier M. B., who was 57, and Juan José R. M., aged 54, who were brothers in law, were killed by the impact. Two others were treated at the scene by attending medical staff, before being taken to hospital where one remained with a broken collarbone and in a serious condition.

The driver was located by the police and found to be a 23 year old resident of nearby Aitona. The driver, when subsequently tested, proved positive for alcohol and will be dealt with by the courts.

### Intensified Seatbelt Checks This Week

All of this week, the Guardia Civil traffic department will be carrying out intensified checks on the wearing of seatbelts and child restraints in cars.

The seatbelt is a fundamental element of vehicle safety and reduces the risk of death by a half. Not wearing a seatbelt, along with alcohol and drugs and inappropriate speed is one of the principal factors in road fatalities and serious injuries.

The use of a seatbelt is mandatory for all occupants of a vehicle, in both the front and rear seats, and the number of passengers allowed to be carried are equal to the number of seatbelts. In other words, if there are only two seatbelts in the back, only two passengers can be carried.

Children less than 1.5 metres in height are also required to use appropriate restraints in vehicles which match their height and, in some cases, weight.

Children under 12 years of age are not allowed to travel in the front seat, unless using a properly fitted and approved restraint, with the only exception being when the child's height is equal to or greater than 135 centimetres, in which case they can use the normal seatbelt.

In the rear seats, people whose height does not reach 135 centimetres must use a properly fitted child restraint system suitable for their height and weight. People whose height is equal to or greater than 135 centimetres and no greater than 150 centimetres, may either use a child restraint system suitable for their height and weight or the fitted seatbelt.

According to the DGT, 70% of children in cars are not properly protected. The correct use of child restraints helps reduce the injuries from an accident by 75%. Incredibly, nine out of ten children in serious or fatal crashes were not using child restraints correctly.

In the last campaign in March, over 5,000 adults were fined for not wearing their seatbelt. In addition, a staggering 287 children under 12 were found travelling without any kind of restraint, 70 of whom were in the front seat, 217 in the rear.

The intensified campaign will run from the 7th through to the 14th of September.

### Wet Roads Mean Slippy Conditions

The first rainfall means that the roads will be particularly slippy as the water lays on top of an accumulation of dust and dirt on the roads. Take extra care when driving. Slow down, make gentle movements and take it easy.

Before heading out onto the roads you should check your tyres to make sure they are properly inflated and that the tread is sufficient and equal.

Use your headlights, keep your speed well under control and low and keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front, remembering that stopping distances are increased on wet roads.

Keep an eye on the road surface and look for colour changes. The appearance of brown in the water could indicate mud or dirt, if the water looks multicoloured and has a rainbow effect, it could indicate oil mixed with the water.

Remember, slow, gentle movements, and take it easy.

### Speeding Footballer Fined

A Spanish footballer, Antonio Amaya who currently plays for Rayo Vallecano, was arrested by the Guardia Civil last week accused of a crime against road safety.

The player was clocked driving his vehicle at 234 kilometres per hour in a section of the M-303 road near San Martín de la Vega, where the maximum permitted speed limit is 100 kilometres per hour.

As a result, the speeding driver was fined 20,000 euro and a ban of 12 months from driving.

The player has also published a letter in which he apologises to his family, his club and his teammates, as well as the fans of his team.

### End of Summer Traffic Flow

This weekend marks the end of the summer road campaigns with “Retorno del verano”, when traffic starts to return from holiday destinations such as the coast and mountains to inland areas of Spain.



The special operation will run from 15:00 on Friday until midnight on Sunday with an anticipated 5.9 million vehicle movements expected during the course of the weekend.

The weekend will be further complicated as there will still be an increase in movement towards the coast, and the Spanish cycle race, La Vuelta, will mean various road closures during the course of the weekend, where Sunday is expected to be the busiest, coinciding with the race stage starting from the Torrevieja area and moving north on the N-332, a road already notorious for congestion.

In order to ensure a safe flow of movement, there will be 10,000 traffic officers from the Guardia Civil on duty, supported by an army of engineers, technicians and traffic management staff throughout the country.

There will be restrictions on the movement of some freight and none emergency road works will be suspended. There will also be additional lanes created in some areas in order to maximise the space available for traffic.

Drivers are advised to check their vehicle before a long journey, looking for any signs of potential damage or risk, take frequent breaks, take your time and plan your route, allowing extra time on the way, and ensure compliance with the law at all times, including speed limits, the avoidance of alcohol and drugs (there will be additional checks in place throughout the weekend), and ensuring that all vehicle occupants use the seatbelts.

### Guardia Civil Arrest ‘Fake Police’ Robbers

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested two men, aged 24 and 37, who are believed to have posed as police officers in order to rob foreign motorists across the Alicante province.



The two men are charged with committing at least nineteen counts of robbery or theft, as well as offences of forgery, belonging to a criminal gang and impersonating the police.

The investigation began in March when the Guardia Civil became aware of two men committing robberies in this way and sought to catch the perpetrators.

According to the investigators, in order to commit the offences the men would wear fake uniforms and other items of clothing and target foreign drivers who they believed would not know the actual appearance and routines of the Spanish security services.

The men also fake identity cards and badges which gave the impression that they were police officers, all of which were in fact fakes.

The pair would sometimes pretend to carry out “routine inspections” of vehicles in order to commit their crimes, and would routinely target foreigners in rest areas and service stations along the motorway network, as well as in the main roads and streets. They would often pull alongside vehicles and identify themselves as police, and demand to check for drugs, as well as checking bags and bumbags, and stealing money during these checks.

During the arrest the officers found various items which they believed were used to commit the offences, including police identity cards, false number plates, clothing which bears similarities to those worn by the police, documents, cash and other items.

The two arrestees have been handed over to the courts in Villena.

A video is available on the N332.es website to help identify unmarked Guardia Civil traffic cars so as to help avoid such incidents.

### Drunk Driver Arrested After Attempted Escape

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested a 26 year old Spanish national after the driver of a vehicle attempted to avoid a breathalyser test, then drove for over 30 kilometres in a reckless manner, injuring two Guardia Civil officers and colliding with another vehicle.



The incident occurred on Sunday on the A-30 in the San Javier area of Murcia when officers stopped a vehicle at a routine alcohol and drugs checkpoint on the RM-19.

Having noticed the officers instructing the driver to stop, the vehicle sped off at high speed in the direction of Murcia, and so a routine operation was immediately implemented to attempt to stop the vehicle without risking other traffic on the road.

As the vehicle continued it was observed by the officers carrying out a variety of illegal and dangerous moves whilst travelling at speeds in excess of the maximum limit. A number of other vehicles had to take evasive action to avoid being hit by the fugitive vehicle.

Upon entering the A-30 Albacete road the driver lost control of the speeding vehicle and collided with the central reservation, leaving the lane and proceeding in the opposing direction on the other side of the road before colliding with a vehicle heading in the correct direction.

The fugitive eventually became trapped but continued to try to escape by ramming the vehicle with which it had collided, with the innocent victims still inside, before eventually being brought to a stop by a traffic car and the officers arresting the fugitive, although not before two of them were injured in the continuing attempts to resist arrest.

The driver was subjected to a breathalyser test which showed double the maximum allowed amount but by refusing to complete the test the driver was arrested for refusing.

The driver was presented to the courts for sentencing.

### More Serious Crashes on the N-332

It has been another bleak week on the N-332 main road with a multi-vehicle crash on Tuesday evening in the Torrevieja area resulting in one person suffering serious injuries and another five being treated for minor cuts and bruises.

Two vehicles crashed head on near to the salt factory of Torrevieja with initial investigations suggesting that one of the vehicles invaded the opposite lane.

Meanwhile, just after midnight on Wednesday morning a five-vehicle crash occurred on the same road near to Alicante-Elche airport in the Santa Pola direction. Four people were taken to hospital following that crash, including a woman who suffered various broken bones and a 12-month old baby who was taken to hospital as a precaution but not showing any obvious signs of injury.

The roads of the Costa Blanca are still at their busiest at the moment with the major traffic operation signalling the end of summer taking place this coming weekend.

Operation Return sees the remaining bulk of inland tourists returning home after their summer holidays, resulting in busier roads as those vehicles head away from coastal and mountainous regions and back inland. The operation runs from Friday through to Sunday with Friday and Saturday evening, as well as Sunday all day, being the busiest anticipated times.

To make matter worse, the cycling tour of Spain (La Vuelta) also starts its stage in Torrevieja on Sunday, heading north along much of the N-332 route, which will result in road closures to allow the safe passage of the cyclists during one of the busiest times of the year.

### Keeping Cool Inside The Car

Although many people still ignore the warnings, it is common knowledge that animals and humans will die if left in a hot car, now a study conducted by the RACC Automobile Association, in conjunction with the Swiss Automobile Club, has shed light on some of the affects of vehicles in the sun.

Among the key findings of the study, it has been confirmed that if a vehicle left in direct sunlight, where the outside temperature is 35°C, standing without air conditioning, the inside temperature of the vehicle will reach a dangerous 55°C, or 131°F.

A recent study in America stated that high environmental temperatures can be dangerous to the human body. In the range of 90 to 105°F, heat cramps and exhaustion may occur. Between 105 and 130°F, heat exhaustion is almost certain, and environmental temperature over 130°F is likely to lead to heatstroke.

The RACC study wanted to confirm if the colour of a car can impact the internal temperature. They chose two different coloured vehicles for this comparison, a white one and a black one. They found that in the black car, the temperature reached up to 17°F more than the white one.

As for the myths concerning leaving the windows open a fraction to decrease the temperature inside, the results under lab conditions revealed just a 2 degree difference, which is why the advice of never leaving a pet in a parked car, even with the windows open, is such an important one to heed.

The advice concluded from the report is to try to remain stationary in direct sunlight for as shorter time as possible. Parking in the shade or under a carport will help lower the temperature.

Using windscreen shades when parked will also help lower the internal temperature, as will covering exposed areas such as the dashboard, and especially metallic features inside the vehicle, which can cause burns when touched.

Skin damage can occur from a temperature of 45°C. The internal elements like the dashboard, the seats, the steering wheel or gear lever can reach temperatures approaching 80°C if they are not protected.

Never leave anybody inside a car in the sun, although children and animals are more susceptible to damage caused by heat.

Leaving the windows open, if the place you are parked is secure, can reduce the temperature slightly, as can choosing a lighter colour car when you purchase it.

Take time before you start your trip to open all the vehicle doors and windows and let fresh air flow through for a few minutes before entering. This will help to avoid high temperatures during the trip.

You should also be aware that using air conditioning can also be detrimental, especially if the difference between the interior and exterior temperatures are severe, so make sure you adjust the setting accordingly.

### The Cycle Tour of Spain is Coming to Torrevieja

The race will depart from Torrevieja at 13:18 in the direction of Alicante along Av. Ronda Samper, joining the N 332 at kilometre 63, near to the Chinese restaurant shaped like a boat.

The race will then follow the route through...

	Guardamar de Segura. N 332
	La Marina
	Sta. Pola N 332
	El Altet. N 332ª
	Alicante. N 332
	San Joan de Alicante
	El Campello. N 332
	Villajoyosa
	Av. Finestrat, Av. de Villajoyosa
	Benidorm
	Altea. N 332
	Calpe. CV 746
	Moraira. CV 743
	Alto de Puig Llorenca
	El Poble Nou de Benitatxell. CV 740
	Teulada. CV 740
	Gata de Gorgos. N 332
	Javea. CV 742
	Bahía de Jávea
	Poble Nou de Benitatxell
	El Poble Nou de Benitatxell. Alto de Puig Llorença

The race will finish at El Poble Nou de Benitatxell. Alto de Puig Llorença, between 17:28 and 18:00.



For more information, you can visit the official website, where you can download maps and view the full race schedule, starting at this page, http://www.lavuelta.com/la-vuelta/2015/es/etapa-9.html for the Torrevieja stage detailed above.

### Busy Holiday Weekend Ahead

Once again the roads of Spain are expected to be particularly busy this weekend, with 4.8 million trips expected, nearly half a million more than last weekend.



Saturday is a national holiday in Spain which means that many more workers will be taking time off, mixing with the already increased tourist traffic, resulting in a higher concentration of vehicles in coastal and holiday hot spots, as well as the routes from the inland areas at the start of the weekend, and back inland on Sunday.

This weekend also coincides with an intensified campaign against drivers who have consumed alcohol or drugs before driving, and so there will be more checks and checkpoints on the roads throughout, with a daily target of 25,000 drivers being stopped.

Pegasus radar equipped helicopters will also be taking to the skies focussing on main roads looking to catch speeding motorists, and there will be restrictions on the movements of dangerous goods, whilst all none urgent road works will be suspended and traffic management procedures put in place.

### Stolen Spanish Vehicle Recovered in Manchester

With Europe-wide policing becoming more of a priority, forces from across the continent can share information, not only for the purposes of fining foreign drivers in other countries, but also in assisting their colleagues in recovering stolen property.

As part of the Crossing Borders campaign, Greater Manchester Police successfully stopped a vehicle in Rochdale following a pursuit on Wednesday.



The silver Renault Clio had been reported stolen in Spain and has now been recovered.

You can follow Greater Manchester Police on Twitter, @gmptraffic

This vehicle stolen in Spain, yes Spain, was recovered after a pursuit in Rochdale this morning. @TISPOLorg pic.twitter.com/G3x261V4gQ— GMP Traffic (@gmptraffic) August 11, 2015

### Dangerous Speeder Caught by Pegasus

Details have been revealed as to how the DGT´s airborne radar speed detector, Pegasus, clocked a Porsche Panamera travelling at 218 kilometres per hour on the R-4 ring road of Madrid, where the maximum permitted speed is 120 kilometres per hour.



In addition, the footage recording the speeding vehicle identified that it had French license plates and in the back seat of the vehicle was a child who was not wearing the mandatory restraining system or seatbelt.

Whereas Pegasus caught speeders normally receive later notification of their activities and fines due, given the gravity of the offences being committed by this vehicle, and the serious risk to road safety, the helicopter crew called on ground troops to intercept and stop the vehicle.

The driver was identified as a Spanish national of 31 years of age and his son was just 8. He was arrested at the scene and faces up to a four year ban from driving, a hefty fine and community service.

### Using the Correct Lane

There have been a number of reports in the press regarding drivers in Spain being fined for driving in the centre lane of a motorway, even when the road is clear. This is an offence and drivers who do so can be fined, but the reality is, other than we drive on the right in Spain, there is no difference to the UK, where “middle lane hogging” is also an offence.



Looking at how the two countries compare on roads with more than one lane in the direction of travel, if we first look at the UK, and what Rule 264 of the Highway Code states.

“You should always drive in the left-hand lane when the road ahead is clear. If you are overtaking a number of slower-moving vehicles, you should return to the left-hand lane as soon as you are safely past.”

Comparing that to Spain, where we drive on the right, in fact the rule says as far to the right as possible, Article 31 of the Reglamento General Circulacion is where we see rules for normal traffic flow explained.

“On roads with more than one lane for the direction of travel, the normal flow of traffic is in the right hand lane, although you can use the other lane(s) when traffic circumstances dictate”, there is also an extension of the rule which states “provided you do not hinder the progress of another vehicle”.

Although the wording is slightly different, bearing in mind the Spanish version is an interpretation for ease of understanding and not a literal translation, the concept is the same. Under normal traffic circumstances, unless traffic determines otherwise, in the UK we should always drive in the left-hand lane, in Spain we should always use the right-hand lane.

The problem has always been one of understanding the rules of the road. The concept forms an integral part of UK driver training, and has done for many years. You only have to look through historic copies of the Highway Code and you will see the rules clearly printed. But it is a rule seemingly difficult for many to understand.

In 2004, the UK launched a pilot scheme with road signs pointing out the correct lane discipline, and yet these were still largely ignored.

More recently, the UK changed their procedure for dealing with drivers who remain in the centre lane, by changing the procedure for reporting the offence and making it punishable by fixed penalty notice, thus drivers can be fined on the spot and be 100 pound out of pocket.

Back in Spain, the same process is already in place. That is why drivers are issued with on the spot fines, not because they are targeted for being foreigners or any of the other excuses that have been made, but because driving in the right-hand lane is the normal procedure for the flow of traffic, and the fact that “nobody else was around” is not a justifiable excuse for committing any offence.

### Intensified Alcohol and Drugs Checks

From Monday the 10th until Sunday the 16th of August, there will be an intensified safety campaign on the roads of Spain, focusing on one of the main contributors to vehicle incidents, alcohol and drugs.



The Guardia Civil will be out in force on the roads, carrying out random spot checks, as well as creating special drug and alcohol checkpoints.

According to statistics from the DGT, alcohol is present as a concurrent or triggering factor in a third of all fatal accidents. Their presence can multiply the risk of an incident by up to 15 times.

There has been a significant decrease in the percentage of positive tests between 2001 and 2013, down from 5% to 1.7% in that time, although the aim is to reach a figure of below 1% of drivers at the checkpoints. In 2014 there were 46,000 more tests conducted than the previous year, with a 13.6% reduction in positive results.

Drug use on the other hand had seen an increase, although new legislation has meant harsher penalties, and so the impact on reducing the use of drugs by drivers is starting to improve, with figures showing some 11% of drivers tested were on some kind of banned substance, with cannabis and cocaine the two substances most frequently found.

Regardless of the effect on drivers, alcohol and drugs also pose a risk to pedestrians, mainly in urban areas, which makes the participation of all municipalities in this Special Campaign of extraordinary importance.

Spain has one of the lowest permitted alcohol rates in Europe, significantly lower than the UK for example, although the only real safe amount of alcohol to consume before driving is zero.

The legal alcohol limit is in general 0.25 mg/l (or 0.15 mg/l if you are a learner driver / professional drivers). If the amount of alcohol exceeds this limit, the driver will be heavily fined and lose several points.

In the event such amount of the breathalyzer exceeds 0.60 mg/l, the driver becomes subject to a criminal proceeding and will be arrested.

A blood test is only available when you have completed the standard test and you disagree with the result. Refusal to co-operate is also considered a criminal offence.

Remember, the responsibility for alcohol and drug consumption lies with the driver and the only safe limit is zero.

The fines for being caught are significant, but the worst result for driving after consuming alcohol or drugs is death, not only of the driver, but the passengers and other road users as well.

### High Risks of Forest Fires

Whilst we are feeling the heat of summer, much of Spain remains on high alert for the risk of forest fires. The dry land and strong sun cause a heightened risk of occurrences.



Some of you may already be aware of the “fire triangle” or “combustion triangle”, a simple model for understanding the necessary ingredients for most fires. The triangle illustrates the three elements a fire needs to ignite: heat, fuel, and an oxidizing agent (usually oxygen). It´s sometimes simplified into the elements of heat, something to burn and oxygen. The removal of any one of the three elements of the triangle means that fire cannot take place.

Oxygen is present in the air, so there is not a lot we can do about removing that risk. Similarly, there is little that can be done to remove the fuel of forest fires, the dry trees and shrubbery themselves, but there is something we can do about the heat source, the ignition.

In Spain, it is estimated that more than 80% of all forest fires are caused by human interaction. In America incidentally the figure is as many as 90%.

Whereas some of those fires are started deliberately, and the reason for those fires is usually down to the individual concerned, the vast majority are caused by accidental ignition, but accidents can be prevented.

Through simple awareness and action we can all do something to reduce the risks of forest fires. Taking all your rubbish home and depositing it in a safe place is one easy task. You probably remember old TV public service announcements about how glass can start a fire, but any litter can be a contributing factor to fire.

Burning embers from summer BBQ´s are a common source of ignition, so these too must be disposed of correctly.

Smoking paraphernalia is perhaps the worst contributor however. Throwing a smouldering match or an almost extinguished cigarette butt is a recipe for disaster. If you do smoke, make sure that you dispose of all of your smoking materials safely and correctly, not just on the ground.

There are a variety of processes implemented to try to reduce the risk of fire, including a ban during the hottest months on farmers and industrial locations starting controlled fires, and there are also fines for individuals caught risking the threat of fire, such as throwing a cigarette out the car window?

If you do throw a cigarette out of a car window, lit or otherwise, you could be risking the lives of many people as forest fires are relentless and run so easily out of control, therefore you will be fined on the spot if you are spotted.

The law is quite clear, “No person in any vehicle shall throw or discharge from or upon any road or motorway or adjoining area, public or private, any lit or non lit cigarette”.

If you do get caught you face a fine of 200 euro and 4 points deducted from your license. Do it more than once and you are getting closer to a ban.

It might seem harsh and expensive, but when you consider the damage that can be caused by laziness or sometimes simple stupidity, you might soon realise that it is not expensive at all, so please don´t do it for everybody´s sake.

### San Francisco Police QuadSki

As part of their fleet of patrol vehicles, the San Francisco Police Department (SFPD) use QuadSkis, an amphibious vehicle that converts from a water-based jet ski to a land-based quad at the touch of a button.

### Italian Tourists Injured in Coach Crash

A collision between a touring coach and an articulated lorry in the Granada area on Thursday evening resulted in three people being seriously injured.



The coach was carrying 19 Italian tourists, the driver and two guides who were on their way to an evening event in the city as part of their excursion.

As a result of the incident the three most seriously injured people were rushed to hospital, one of them by helicopter. The remaining victims suffered minor injuries of varying degree and were treated at the scene.

As a result of the crash several lanes of the main ring-road were closed to traffic and considerable delays experienced by those caught up in the clean-up operation.

An investigation has been launched to ascertain the circumstances surrounding the incident.

### Search Launched for Hit and Run Cyclist

The Local Police in Burgos in Northern Spain have requested the help of the Guardia Civil to try to locate a cyclist who ran over an 87 year old woman on Tuesday.

The cyclist struck the woman on a pedestrian crossing which was being controlled by traffic lights. The rider then stopped at the scene of the incident but fled having noticed that the woman was not conscious. The victim died as a result of injuries sustained when she fell to the ground and hit her head on the kerb.

Officers are currently analysing CCTV images, and so far the police are able to offer a description of the rider as a man in his 40´s, who was wearing short jeans and a light coloured shirt.

### Two More Airborne Speed Detectors Launched

The DGT has launched another two Pegasus equipped helicopters, bringing the total quota of their airborne speed detecting fleet to eight aircraft.



The equipment has been installed on two of their existing helicopters and is in direct response to the increase in both the number of vehicles on Spain´s roads during the summer, and the increase in road related incidents.

The helicopters will be mostly be patrolling the main road network, the scene of the majority of speed related incidents and fatalities.

Since the first Pegasus was launched in March, 2013, the fleet has flown for 1,576 active hours, monitored 31,320 vehicles and reported 8,644 drivers for speeding.

The average speed which offenders were caught by the radar was 30 kilometres per hour above the permitted limit. The fastest car spotted was travelling at 242 kilometres per hour on road where the limit was 120, whereas another driver was detected at 195 kilometres per hour on a road limited to a maximum of 90. Neither of these were an issue for Pegasus which can monitor and record speeds up to 360 kilometres per hour at a distance of 1,000 metres away.



The remaining four helicopters will be used for traffic management duties.

### Twenty-Five Drivers Caught After Orihuela Night Party

Following the all-night party on the Orihuela Costa on Wednesday, the Guardia Civil launched a monitoring campaign against drink and drug driving, successfully taking 25 dangerous drivers off the roads.

In total, 20 drivers tested positive for driving under the influence of alcohol, and another 5 were charged with driving having consumed illegal drugs.

With harsher penalties now in place for drink and drug driving, these latest offenders will at least be considerably out of pocket as a result of their actions.

### Five-Vehicle Smash in Torrevieja

A five-vehicle crash on the N-332 in Torrevieja on Wednesday resulted in numerous casualties having to be taken to hospital.



The incident occurred on Wednesday afternoon near to kilometre 55 of the main coastal road, just metres away from another fatal incident at the weekend where two young people were knocked down, one of them being killed, and a few kilometres away from a separate incident where an undocumented man was stuck by a car and died on Sunday afternoon.

Traffic was standing at a notorious black spot where traffic merges onto the main carriageway in the stretch of road that is only one lane.



A silver Seat car travelling in the Alicante direction apparently failed to notice the standing traffic and ploughed into a white Opel Corsa, which was then shunted into the standing traffic queue ahead.



The junction was the scene of another fatal crash not too long ago and the problematic stretch had been changed so that overtaking is no longer allowed for the 8 kilometre, single carriageway, although in the height of summer the road still becomes extremely congested and unable to cope with the amount of traffic trying to use it.

### Worrying Trend in Driver Theory Knowledge

More than 20,000 qualified motorists completed an online driving theory test recently, revealing a frightening statistic that and 1 in 3 qualified drivers in the UK failed.

Webuyanycar.com, the national online car buyer, asked drivers all over the UK to test their knowledge of common road signs and driving rules.

The interactive test was designed along the same lines as the official theory questions set for learner drivers by the DVSA. In fact, the questions were taken from the actual DVSA test.  People taking the test were asked to opt for one of four possible answers.

The driving theory test results varied by age, sex and location, but considering there were more newly qualified drivers in the 17-21 age group, it was surprising that they had the lowest pass mark of any age group.  Drivers in the 46 to 65-year-old group had the highest pass rate.
Age                        Fail         Pass
17-21                     48%        52%
22-30                     34%        66%
31-45                     31%        69%
46-65                     25%        75%
65+                         30%        70%
The online test showed pictures of various road signs all in use today and simple motoring questions similar to the official theory test.  The test results showed a slightly lower pass rate for women.
Sex                         Fail         Pass
Female                 36%        64%
Male                      23%        77%
The webuyanycar.com test results are at odds with the latest DVSA statistics showing 53.6% of women pass the official theory test whereas men have a 48.7% pass rate.

The pass rate for the webuyanycar.com driving theory test also depended on where a driver lives with more rural counties like Somerset, Denbighshire and Derbyshire coming top of the tables for pass rates.  Some of the lowest pass rates were found in London and Middlesex, where the test was passed by only 2 out of 3 qualified drivers.

If your daring enough to try yourself, the test can be found at www.webuyanycar.com/driving-theory-quiz, feel free to email us your results.

### Road Safety Boost

The Spanish Government has budgeted 754.52 million euro for road safety in 2016, 2.8% more than this year. The increase was announced on Tuesday during the state budget presentation to congress.

The increase is aimed at three key areas of road safety, such as reducing the number of victims of traffic incidents, ensuring mobility through proper traffic management and the management of documentation through the eGovernment computerized system.

There is also an anticipated increase in the number of driving instructors in 2016, although the driver education industry has been critical of the lengthy delays for examinations and the financial suffering their industry has faced through this summer.

### Fatality on the N332 in Torrevieja

Two young people were hit by a vehicle on the N-332 main road on Saturday morning, one of them being killed at the scene, the other seriously injured.



The incident occurred at around 7:30 on Saturday in the area close to the desalination plant in Torrevieja.

The two victims were on the hard shoulder when they were struck by a vehicle. The impact was so strong that one of the victims was thrown against the crash barrier and suffered a head injury resulting in death. The other suffered serious leg injuries and fractured ribs and was admitted to hospital.

The vehicle involved in the incident failed to stop at the scene and so the Guardia Civil launched an immediate search to try to locate the vehicle and driver, who surrendered himself to the police 3 hours after the incident. He was arrested and detained in connection with what happened.

### A Busy Summer Weekend on the Roads

This weekend marks the next major traffic operation on the roads of Spain, marking the midpoint between the summer holiday start and finish.



As a result, there will be increased traffic flowing from both inland areas towards the coast and mountains, and returning from the holiday areas back inland.

The main flow of traffic is expected to be on Friday afternoon heading from the cities to the coast, and on Sunday heading back to the inland areas, although both directions will be busy throughout, as this is one of the few weekends in the traffic calendar when traffic flows in both directions.

In total, there will be an estimate 4.6 million journeys on the roads between Friday the 31st of July, and Sunday the 1st of August.

In order to minimize disruption, the DGT will be operating a special campaign on the roads, which includes restricting the movement of dangerous goods, suspending all routine road works, creating special lanes to ease the flow of traffic, and having more Guardia Civil traffic officers and support staff on the roads throughout.

Throughout the month of August, the DGT expect 43.2 million trips to be made on the roads.

### Thousands Caught Speeding

In the latest campaign against speeding drivers, 34,075 vehicles were checked in the Valencia region and 2,244 drivers were reported for driving at speeds in excess of the maximum permitted limit.



Throughout the country, there were over half a million vehicles checked and 27,854 drivers caught speeding in the campaign which ran from the 20th to the 26th of July.

The focus was mostly on conventional roads, the location where the majority of speed related incidents and fatalities occur.

On conventional, main roads, more than 369,500 vehicles were checked and 18,899 drivers reported, whereas on motorways there were 211,843 vehicles checked and 8,988 drivers reported.

Andalusia was where the biggest number of complaints were recorded, with 6,516 drivers reported, whereas Valencia is in fifth place.

### Dog Dies in Torrevieja Parked Car

Torrevieja town hall has confirmed the death of a dog left abandoned in a car in the city on Tuesday.



Local police were alerted by several people of the presence of three dogs inside a vehicle parked on calle capitán García Gea. The police attended and were advised that the dogs had been left in the car for several hours.

The attending officers smashed the windows of the car to free them but one of the dogs was already dead. The other two are being treated by a vet, as death can occur several hours after an incident such as this.

The police then arrested two people and delivered them to the Guardia Civil for processing for crimes of animal abuse.

The councillor who issued the statement, Carmen Morate, thanked the neighbours for their actions and pointed out that the dogs had been subject to temperatures in excess of 50 degrees. The councillor also reminded everybody of the advice to never leave a dog in a car, for any length of time, not even with the windows open, and if you see such an incident to call the police immediately.

### Identifying an Unmarked Guardia Civil Vehicle

Depending on the role they need to fulfil, the Guardia Civil traffic department has a range of vehicles at their disposal. Sometimes, it´s necessary for them to use unmarked or camouflaged vehicles in the course of law enforcement.

In the case of the vehicle pictured with this article, we are looking at a Toyota which is fitted with radar speed detecting equipment, actually the Multanova 6F, and is mostly used for speed checks on major roads.

However, there are also other unmarked vehicles on the roads and we´d like to explain some of the identifying features of these cars, not so you can avoid detection if you are breaking the law, but as there have been a few occasions where criminals have pretended to be the police to stop innocent victims and carry out robberies, we want to make sure you know how to identify a real unmarked traffic car that might be trying to stop you.

At the front of the vehicle there are blue lights hidden in the grill. These will be illuminated and flash in the event of the vehicle responding to an emergency, or in the event that the officers are trying to stop you.

In the front window, on the passenger side, the sun visor has been replaced by an illuminated display. This will display the words “G.Civil”, “Trafico” and “Alto”, or stop, alternating. These words are displayed in reverse, so that they will be visible and easy to read in your rear view mirror.

You might also spot other equipment in the window, but remember, the vehicle we are looking at here  is a radar car and not all unmarked vehicles are fitted with this type of equipment.

As we move along this vehicle, we will see that the officer is dressed in a high visibility uniform, as worn only by the traffic officers. When the Guardia Civil traffic officers are patrolling in unmarked cars, they will always, without exception, be wearing a variation of this type of uniform, with high visibility features.

It is important to note though that other departments of both the Guardia Civil and police use unmarked cars, such as detectives for example, but those officers will not be wearing this uniform. Another important point is that it is only Guardia Civil traffic officers who are wearing the high visibility uniform who are allowed to take money from you as payment of traffic fines. In the event of an officer from another department coming across an incident on the roads, they will always call for the traffic department to take charge, issue fines and take any money that may be due in fines. Only the officers in the high visibility uniforms bearing Guardia Civil Trafico are allowed to take money, this is important.

Looking towards the rear of the vehicle, we can see that the windows are laminated with tinting. This is not an exclusive feature of unmarked or camouflaged cars, but in the back window there is another hidden illuminated display.

This display will once again say the words “G.Civl”, “Trafico” and “Alto”, alternating and accompanied by flashing blue lights on the matrix. The cars also carry a detachable rooftop blue light, but it is unlikely this will be used as part of the procedure to stop you.

Always remember the key point of identifying a Guardia Civil Trafico Car. The matrix sign in the front and rear and the officers wearing uniforms. If you are ever in any doubt as to whether you have been stopped by a real Guardia Civil patrol, you can always call 062 and quote the registration number of the vehicle, but these key points, we hope, will also help you stay a little safer on the roads.

### Calpe Soaking

A car ran into the port of Calpe on Saturday, but nobody was inside the vehicle

IMage by QUIQUE IVORRA

### Students Injured in Coach Crash

Twenty eight people have been injured, four of them seriously, when a Spanish coach crashed into a low bridge as it was travelling in France.



The incident occurred at 05:15 on Sunday morning when the coach was near the French city of La Madeleine, in the Lille region.



The coach was carrying students from Bilbao to Amsterdam. There were 59 passengers on board, along with 2 drivers, who were both tested for alcohol and proved negative at the scene.

The roof of the coach was completely ripped off in the collision.

### Italian Police Trust Spanish Vehicles

SEAT wins fleet contract to supply the Italian Polizia di Stato and the Carabinieri
	Fleet to be Leon 2.0 TDI 150 PS; extensive special equipment with armour protection
	Major international growth in fleet business for the SEAT brand

SEAT has won the fleet contract to supply new Leon cars to the Italian police forces, Polizia di Stato and the Carabinieri. The first 206 vehicles have already started being handed over, with an initial 106 service vehicles being delivered to the Carabinieri and a further 100 to the Polizia di Stato. Overall, the contract includes the option for up to 4,000 vehicles over the next three years. So far, they have taken orders for 925 cars, split between 475 “panthers” (Polizia di Stato) and 450 “gazelles” (Carabinieri).



This marks the first time that both police forces have tendered and selected the same brand and the same vehicle. Major factors in this decision included the Leon’s low fuel consumption and emissions figures, as well as its high quality and excellent total cost of ownership – all core competences of the SEAT brand.



“We are honoured by the trust given by the Italian police in SEAT and the Leon. And we are very proud to be able to contribute thanks to reliable, secure and high quality vehicles to public safety,” says Jürgen Stackmann, Chairman of the Executive Committee of SEAT. “The contract is also a good example of the great success and major growth of the SEAT brand within the fleet business sector.”



The total level of fleet business conducted by the Spanish brand internationally in 2014 grew by 33% to 68,900 vehicles, making a significant contribution to the brand’s 10% sales growth last year. The new Leon family has been key to this success, with the Leon ST (Sports Tourer) version enjoying particularly high regard as a fleet car. SEAT’s fleet business achieved considerable growth primarily in major European markets like Germany, Spain, the UK , France and Italy.

Armour protection for added safety

The basis for the new Italian police cars is provided by the five-door Leon powered by the punchy 150 PS version of the 2.0 TDI engine. The law enforcement vehicle also needs excellent pulling power supplied by high torque, as the front end of the Leon will be armoured against small arms fire.

Special safety tyres are a further element of the equipment package, with the suspension adapted perfectly to suit – at the end of the extensive day. The Italian security forces will also be calling upon the Leon’s light-footed dynamics. The service vehicle is rounded off by warning and alarm lights, radio and communications equipment, weapons carriers and other items of equipment. The back seat is also laid out as a secure “prisoner cell”, with police officers seated in the front protected by a dividing partition.

Endurance tests with “panthers” and “gazelles”

Extensive prototype tests were conducted with two vehicles codenamed “gazelle” and “panther”, while comprehensive endurance testing assured the quality of the vehicles, which will face harsh and demanding conditions in day-to-day use. The armoured door, for instance, was opened and closed 100,000 times. Finally, the two vehicles were driven continuously for 30,000 kilometres, stopping only to refuel and relieve drivers. The base vehicles for the new Italian police cars are produced at the SEAT factory in Martorell near Barcelona. Subsequently these cars are transferred to Chivasso, Italy for further adaption at N.C.T. – Nuova Carrozzeria Torinese , a company that has converted most of the police cars in Italy since 2003. This process is supported and contributed by experts of SEAT and Volkswagen Group Italy.

### Guardia Civil Officers Injured in Stolen Car Collision

Two officers from the Guardia Civil were injured on Tuesday when their vehicle collided with a stolen car in the Navalcarnero area of the community of Madrid.



The officers were involved in a routine check when a vehicle containing three individuals wearing hoods started to accelerate towards them, hitting the patrol car and speeding off.

The officers were taken to hospital suffering from minor injuries.

The occupants of the vehicle are believed to have been of North African origin and one of them was visibly identified as being wanted by the police.

The vehicle, a Land Rover, was found shortly after burnt out on the M-501. A search has been launched to find the perpetrators.

### Increase in Speed Checks This Week

The DGT has announced a special vigilance campaign against speeding motorists, which will take place between the 20th and 26th of July.

Extra mobile speed checks will be in place around the country, especially on roads which are known to have more incidents than others, such as main roads.

According to the DGT, inappropriate speed was a factor in 10% of the 89,500 injury incidents during 2013, a figure that rises to 17% when filtering out incidents to only include those on the main roads.

In fatal incidents, excessive speed was a contributory factor in 22% of all incidents. Therefore, according to the DGT, if all vehicles were travelling at the right speed, a quarter of those killed, around 400 people, would still be alive and 1,680 incidents would have been avoided.

All roads have speed limits, generic or specific, and if this limit is exceeded then a driver, if detected, will be punished. But even if a vehicle is driving below the allowed maximum limit, external circumstances such as rain or ice, or vehicle characteristics such as using an emergency wheel can alter what is an appropriate speed to drive at.

The Road Safety Laws dictate that a driver must respect the speed limits and adapt the vehicle´s speed so as to allow it to stop in its field of view, taking into account any obstacles or hazards that might present themselves, taking into account their physical and mental conditions, characteristics and condition of the road, vehicle load, weather, traffic and other circumstances. That is the safe speed.

The faster your car is travelling, the more distance and time it will take to stop. Stopping distances consist of two parts, reaction time and braking time. The average reaction time is between 1 and 1.5 seconds, during which time the vehicle is continuing towards a potential hazard at speed. The faster the vehicle is travelling, the more distance it will cover in this time. Reaction times can be altered by other characteristics such as distraction, alcohol or drugs, or other factors.

The actual braking distance then depends on the speed of the vehicle, as well as other factors such as the road and weather conditions, condition of the vehicle and brakes, the age of the vehicle and the actions of the driver, amongst other factors. In wet conditions, the stopping distance is doubled. In icy conditions, in the case of ice, stopping distances can be up to ten times that of normal, optimum conditions.

Reducing speed not only allows for more reaction time and an increased chance of stopping, it also reduces the damage in the event of a collision, possibly even making the difference between life and death in many cases. According to the 2004 Nilsson report, a decrease of 1% of the average speed on a road produces a 4% reduction in fatal crashes. In addition, it is argued that a reduction of 10 km / h of speed limits would imply a reduction in mortality of around 10%.

Although traffic police will be out in force monitoring speed, it is in everybody´s interest to be more vigilant and respectful of the limits put in place, not only by means of the signs on the road, but also the signs that indicate the factors that may mean the need to slow down is greater.

### New Airport Parking Facility Opens on Tuesday

The new short-stay, pick-up and drop-off area at Alicante-Elche airport will be opened on Tuesday. The improvement work has cost 116,568.48 euro.



The new “Exprés” car park will offer 80 places for 15 minutes of free parking and replaces the current open drop-off and collection zones which currently a short stop of 5 minutes but are frequently abused by drivers who leave their vehicle for longer.

However, drivers need to be aware that should you stay longer than 15 minutes in the new zone, you will be charged a fee which is actually higher than if you were to use the traditional airport car park.

The new car park will also mean that vehicle movements are recorded, which will please the legal taxi drivers as the information could be used to clamp down on pirate and illegal operators.

There is also no other alternative available for dropping off and picking up, thus providing even more control and monitoring of vehicle movements around the terminal building.

More information about Alicante-Elche airport can be found at the airport operator’s website, here.

### Twelve Million Brits Could Drive On The Wrong Side Of The Road This Summer

As the nation gears up for the great Summer getaway, a new study from TomTom has revealed that almost 12 million of the 20 million Brits planning on driving in Europe this Summer* could find themselves driving on the wrong side of the road.

A new Europe-wide study of over 10,000 drivers, including 2,000 from the UK, looks at summer driving habits.  It highlights that whilst 44% of British drivers are planning to drive in Europe this summer, 71% didn’t know the driving laws of popular holiday destinations when tested.  Although 85% said they do research road regulations before driving abroad, a simple road rule knowledge test, commissioned by TomTom, showed UK drivers are stumped by everyday international driving laws.  For example:

	In Scandinavia it is illegal to drive without headlights, even in daylight
	Cyprus has a zero tolerance policy on all drinking at the wheel, including non-alcoholic drinks like water and eating any food
	In some Spanish cities, cars must be parked on different sides of the road according to the day of the week
	In Portugal it is illegal to carry bicycles on the back of a car
	In Denmark you must do a routine check for sleeping children under your car every time you drive

And it isn’t just specific regulations that are causing confusion on European roads for British drivers, with many admitting they have struggled in the past when faced with foreign driving cultures. The most common issues faced when driving abroad include:

	Not knowing where and when you can park (27%)
	Driving on the ‘wrong’ side of the road (26%)
	Knowing which lane is best to travel in (22%)
	The correct speed limit to travel at (19%)
	Not understanding the road signs (18%)

Indeed, almost two thirds of UK drivers (61%) said they would prefer someone else to drive because they don’t feel confident driving abroad (47%) and find it too stressful (44%).

European Data

It isn’t just British drivers who feel like they are driving round in circles when it comes to international road laws – our European counterparts are also struggling. German drivers are perhaps the most likely to exceed the speed limit with more than a quarter (29%) admitting to have done so whilst driving abroad in the past and 27% admit to having been pulled over by the police. Nearly one in three Italians also admit to being pulled over by law enforcement when abroad, which maybe links to the fact that more than one in ten (15%) have had a near miss.

Corinne Vigreux, co-founder and managing director, TomTom Consumer, said: “There are a huge number of varying and complex road rules that exist across the globe. And, as our research reveals, it’s understandable that drivers aren’t always completely aware of the rules in every country they visit. We try to take the headache out of driving abroad with our range of navigation devices and services** – whether that’s making sure you’re aware of the speed limit, that you’re in the right lane, or even by guiding you to the nearest car park in an unfamiliar city.”

### No More Baby on Board Signs?

A Spanish company is hoping that the traditional “Baby on Board” sign for cars will soon be a thing of the past, as they have patented a new design which they hope will be the future of delicate passenger warnings.



Patrimi Innovación has designed “Babyled”, an illuminated triangular sign which will warn that a vehicle is carrying a baby by use of LED lighting.

Without wires or harmful electrical waves, the device composes of two parts. The first is a pressure mat which is placed in the child seat of the car. The second part is the illuminated triangle which is designed to be stuck to the rear window of the vehicle, and is removable.

Once the child is placed in the seat, the sensor becomes aware of its presence and so illuminates the sign, switching it back off once the pressure is eased by the removal of the child.



The manufacturer is confident that the device is legal for use in Spain, so much so they state that the product is certified and complies with all current regulations and that it does not contravene any road safety regulations.

So much so, the company provide a certificate in the box which they say will allow the driver to present the facts to a law enforcement officer in the event of being stopped or questioned about the device.

However, with a price tag of just under 80 euro for Babyled, the more traditional sticker might be the cheaper option, but the manufacturer also says that the batteries and device can last up to 13 years, and therefore the entire childhood from birth.

### Another Tragic Weekend on the Roads

A motorcyclist was killed on Friday night in Torrevieja when the bike apparently crossed onto a junction protected by a Give Way sign and was in collision with a vehicle already travelling on the major road.

In the early hours of Saturday morning a car left the CV-916 road in the La Aparecido area of Orihuela, resulting in one fatality at the scene.

A motorcyclist was killed on Saturday following a collision with a car. This incident took place on the AP-7, Alicante to Cartagena motorway, as it passes through the town of Almoradí. The motorcyclist was killed on the spot with the car suffering significant impact damage to the front. As a result of the impact, the motorbike lay 100 metres from the scene.



Two cars collided at a junction in the centre of Torrevieja on Saturday, with them both ending up on the pavement, one of the vehicles crashing into the front of a restaurant, although the premises were closed for vacations. Witnesses state that one of the vehicles failed to respect the Stop sign protecting the junction, but the driver of that car fled the scene.

### Are You Aware of the UK Driving Law Changes?

The Institute of Advanced Motorists (IAM) is warning people to be ready for a host of changes coming up in driving laws in the UK – and fear many are totally unaware of what’s in store in 2015.

New regulations that have changed driving licences, drug-drive limits and speed limits have already taken place in 2015. There are, however, other changes expected to take place later in the year.

For motorists oblivious to these changes, the IAM is raising awareness to ensure all road users understand the new driving laws and changes.

In March a new law on driving under the influence of legal or illegal drugs including cannabis and cocaine and prescription drugs including diazepam, methadone and morphine came into force across England and Wales.

Earlier this month, the IAM revealed the true scale of drug-driving since the new regulations started and found 902 arrests have already been made by police forces. Motorists convicted of drug-driving will get a minimum one year driving ban, unlimited fine, up to six months imprisonment and a criminal record.


It’s illegal to drive if either:

	you’re unfit to do so because you’re on legal or illegal drugs
	you have certain levels of illegal drugs in your blood (even if they haven’t affected your driving)



Legal drugs are prescription or over-the-counter medicines. If you’re taking them and not sure if you should drive, talk to your doctor, pharmacist or healthcare professional.


The police can stop you and make you do a ‘field impairment assessment’ if they think you’re on drugs. This is a series of tests, eg asking you to walk in a straight line. They can also use a roadside drug kit to screen for cannabis and cocaine.

If they think you’re unfit to drive because of taking drugs, you’ll be arrested and will have to take a blood or urine test at a police station.

You could be charged with a crime if the test shows you’ve taken drugs.
Prescription medicines
It’s illegal in England and Wales to drive with legal drugs in your body if it impairs your driving.

It’s an offence to drive if you have over the specified limits of certain drugs in your blood and you haven’t been prescribed them.

Talk to your doctor about whether you should drive if you’ve been prescribed any of the following drugs:

	amphetamine, eg dexamphetamine or selegiline
	clonazepam
	diazepam
	flunitrazepam
	lorazepam
	methadone
	morphine or opiate and opioid-based drugs, eg codeine, tramadol or fentanyl
	oxazepam
	temazepam

You can drive after taking these drugs if:

	you’ve been prescribed them and followed advice on how to take them by a healthcare professional
	they aren’t causing you to be unfit to drive even if you’re above the specified limits



You could be prosecuted if you drive with certain levels of these drugs in your body and you haven’t been prescribed them.


The law doesn’t cover Northern Ireland and Scotland but you could still be arrested if you’re unfit to drive.
Penalties for drug driving
If you’re convicted of drug driving you’ll get:

	a minimum 1 year driving ban
	an unlimited fine
	up to 6 months in prison
	a criminal record

Your driving licence will also show you’ve been convicted for drug driving. This will last for 11 years.


The penalty for causing death by dangerous driving under the influence of drugs is a prison sentence of up to 14 years.


Other problems you could face
A conviction for drug driving also means:

	your car insurance costs will increase significantly
	if you drive for work, your employer will see your conviction on your licence
	you may have trouble travelling to countries like the USA






Last updated: 21 May 2015


In April, the speed limit for the largest heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) travelling on a single carriageway across England and Wales increased from 40mph to 50mph, and on a dual carriageway it has increased from 50mph to 60mph.
I have today (28 November 2014) announced that the government intends, following a public consultation, to increase the national speed limit for heavy goods vehicles of more than 7.5 tonnes on dual carriageway roads from 50 mph to 60 mph.

This complements the decision that the government has already announced to raise the national speed limit for HGVs over 7.5 tonnes on single carriageway roads, and is part of a wider package of associated measures that the government is bringing forward to continue to increase economic efficiency and remove outdated restrictions.

The national speed limit increase on dual carriageways will modernise an outdated regulation dating from the 1980s, better reflecting the capabilities of modern HGVs. It will help to free professional hauliers from unnecessary regulation.

The change will ensure that HGV speed limits are proportionate and better aligned with the limits for HGVs on motorways and single carriageways, and with other vehicles such as coaches and cars towing caravans. Our evidence indicates that actual average speeds are unlikely to change in response to the change in national speed limit. Our impact assessment, which has been scrutinised by independent experts, concludes that there is not expected to be an adverse effect on road safety, but we will be monitoring the impacts closely.

The speed limit increases for HGVs will be implemented via a change in the law to be put to Parliament during the next few months, with implementation scheduled for 6 April 2015. The existing limits continue to apply until the change has been put into effect. The amended speed limit will cover dual carriageway roads in England and Wales, unless specific lower local or urban speed limits are in effect.

The Department for Transport is publishing the summary of dual carriageway HGV speed limit consultation responses. The department is also publishing an impact assessment.

Copies of these documents will be placed in the libraries of both Houses.
Changes to driving laws and other-related procedural changes have also come into force this year to take advantage of the internet, increase convenience and save time on administration.

From the government’s launch of the ‘Make a Plea’ service in March, which enables motorists charged with minor motoring offences including speeding, failing to identify the driver or using a vehicle without insurance to respond to the charges made against them digitally, to the scrapping of the the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) paper counterpart of the photo card on 8 June, in which all driver information such as endorsements and which category of vehicles you are entitled to drive is stored electronically – the changes have allowed motorists to access information remotely. Important changes have also come into force with how motorists provide proof of their driving records to a third party and will need to obtain a special code from online to allow sharing of data.

A new scheme in London will be introduced later this year on 1 September that ensures all lorries and construction vehicles over 3.5 tonnes are fitted with basic safety equipment.

The Safer Lorry Scheme, which will be enforced by the Metropolitan Police, City of London Police and the Driver Vehicle Standards Agency, will aim to tackle the number of fatal collisions involving cyclists and pedestrians. The scheme will run 24 hours a day across the city and any drivers found in charge of a non-compliant vehicle may be issued with a £50 penalty notice and a potential £1000 fine at the Magistrates Court.

Upcoming changes to driving laws will also see smoking in cars carrying children under the age of 18 becoming illegal from 1 October. Potential fines and penalties are expected to be announced closer to the time.
The new rules will come into force on 1 October 2015 and people failing to comply could face a £50 fixed penalty notice.

Public Health Minister Jane Ellison said:

Three million children are exposed to secondhand smoke in cars, putting their health at risk. We know that many of them feel embarrassed or frightened to ask adults to stop smoking which is why the regulations are an important step in protecting children from the harms of secondhand smoke.

Public Health England will launch its campaign to raise awareness of the dangers that secondhand smoke in homes and cars can cause to children’s health. PHE will also be running a campaign later in the year to raise awareness of the new legislation.
The regulations will become part of the existing smokefree laws and would make it an offence to smoke or to fail to prevent smoking in a private vehicle with someone under the age of 18 present. The regulations do not apply to a driver on their own in a car.

Sarah Sillars, IAM chief executive officer said: “This year has seen some of the biggest changes in motoring procedures we have ever seen. It is very important drivers and riders are fully up-to-date on what is happening – they will affect everyone in one way or another. So don’t get caught out, get informed.”

### Hero Cop Stops Runaway Stolen Truck

Officers from the Guardia Civil have recovered a stolen lorry in Salamanca which contained tobacco and stolen goods valued at around 150,000 euro.



The officers received a report of a robbery from a service station at Pedrosillo el Ralo at around 05:00 on Tuesday. As a patrol attended the scene the attending officers witnessed a refrigerated lorry fleeing the scene and upon seeing the patrol the truck almost hit one of the patrols.

After joining the A-62 in the Valladolid direction it became apparent that the truck driver was aware of officers in pursuit and abandoning the vehicle by jumping from it and fleeing on foot, leaving the truck moving and out of control.

Fearing for the safety of other road users a patrol car carried out a maneuver to allow one of the officers to climb into the moving truck, stopping the vehicle before it could cause further incidents.

The officers then discovered that the truck had been stolen that morning from an industrial area in Villares de la Reina and was loaded with boxes of cigarettes and other items stolen from another truck that was parked nearby.

An investigation is underway to identify the suspects of the robbery.

### Military Honoured in La Mata on Friday

Members of the Guardia Civil traffic department, along with a couple of their motorbikes, weather permitting, will be involved in a display recognising the work of the armed forces in La Mata, Torrevieja, on Friday, 10th of July, 2015.



The event will commence at 12:00, noon, with the hoisting of the Spanish flag in the main square of La Mata, plaza Encarnación Puchol. Then, the exhibition of military might will be open for the public to explore, visiting and viewing some of the vehicles and equipment that the members of the military use in their protective duties.



There will then be a display from Ezapac del Ejército del Aire, a squadron of paratroopers who will be in the air carrying a 4 metre by 6 metre flag in tribute to the country they serve.



Around 200 military personnel will also be involved in the exhibition, able to offer real life experiences in the armed forces, which may well encourage some of the younger members to consider a career in the military, whether that be any number of the branches of the army, air force or navy, or indeed the Guardia Civil.



Coinciding with the celebration of the feat of San Cristóbal, amongst the attendees at the event will be the Unidad Militar de Emergencias, el Cuerpo Nacional de Policía, la Policía de la Generalitat, la Brigada Paracaidista del Ejército de Tierra, el Batallón de Inteligencia Militar, el Escuadrón de Zapadores Paracaidistas del Ejército del Aire, el Batallón de Policía Militar, las Unidades Cinológicas, MOE de Rabasa-Alicante, la Unidad Policial de Rescate y Operaciones Especiales (UPROE), el Grupo Especialista de Seguridad Ciudadana de Policía Local de Orihuela (GESC), and units from the Academia General del Aire and of course, the Guardia Civil.



Later in the day, at 19:30, there will be a special tribute to the fallen comrades of the military who have been killed in the line of duty, followed by a mass and awards ceremony.



Finally, at 20:30, a concert will be held in tribute to all of those who serve, which will be performed by the band of the Unidad de Música de la Academia General del Aire de San Javier, which will conclude with a special tribute to Andrés Moreno Ramírez, the biographer of composer Ricardo Lafuente, who died last Friday.

### Minor damage in Distraction Crash

A passenger car crashed into the back of a vehicle in Boiro, a municipality in the province of A Coruña in the autonomous community of Galicia, with the Guardia Civil immediately on the scene to ensure everybody was safe.

The reason for the prompt attention was that the vehicle that was hit from behind was a liveried Guardia Civil vehicle.



The incident occurred at around 15:00 on Tuesday afternoon on Calle Principal, near to the town hall, but as the traffic was moving at walking pace nobody was injured.

The initial investigation suggests that the driver of the rear vehicle had become distracted, resulting in the crash.

Distractions are one of the three major contributing factors to road traffic incidents, along with inappropriate speed and alcohol and drugs.

### Car Driver Injured in Orihuela Train Crossing Crash

An Alicante to Murcia commuter train smashed into a car on an unguarded level crossing in the Orihuela municipality on Tuesday, the car driver apparently oblivious to the presence of the train or the warning lights on the crossing.



The incident occurred at around 15:15 when the train driver noticed the car crossing the railway and immediately applied the emergency brakes. The train was not able to stop in time and crashed into the car, coming to a stop several metres after.

The train driver was able to then go to assist the woman driver and summon the emergency services who arrived at the scene and transferred the injured driver, who was conscious at the time, to hospital.

After the incident the train driver was heard to state his surprise that the train didn´t derail, causing serious injuries to those on board. The train had to return to Callosa de Segura on account of the front being too badly damaged to continue.

The car was almost completely destroyed in the impact as was the crossing warning system. The judicial police are investigating the circumstances.

 

### Different Coloured Pedestrian Crossings

We have been asked many different times about the significance of other colours used on pedestrian crossings. Most people are aware of what we might call a “zebra”, with black and white alternating stripes across the road, but what about the red ones, or blue ones or any other colours?



There are two ways of answering the question, and so we will start with the simple and legal one. Article 168 of the Tráfico, Circulación y Seguridad Vial, says...
“c) Marca de paso para peatones. Una serie de líneas de gran anchura, dispuestas sobre el pavimento de la calzada en bandas paralelas al eje de ésta y que forman un conjunto transversal a la calzada, indica un paso para peatones, donde los conductores de vehículos o animales deben dejarles paso. NO podrán utilizarse líneas de otros colores que alternen con las blancas.”
To explain what that means in as literal way we can, it states that pedestrian crossings are formed of a series of wide lines arranged from the pavement and parallel to the axis thereof, forming a set across the road where drivers of vehicles or animals must let pedestrians pass.

However, in answer to your question about different colours used on crossings, the last phrase, “NO podrán utilizarse líneas de otros colores que alternen con las blancas”, states that you must not use other colours that alternate with the white ones.



Therefore, by the legal definition set out in this document, the only colours which should exist on pedestrian crossings are white, and the colour of the road.

However, the more complex answer comes about when we look at different methods of traffic calming, means to slow down road traffic to create a safer environment for all.

There have been many different studies relating to traffic calming, and highlighting pedestrian crossings better has been the outcome of some of that research.



A study in 2014 concluded that the best way to make crossings safer for pedestrians was to “transform these pedestrian passages into eye-grabbing spectacles: a school of colorful fish, a skein of yarn, a skeleton, a row of large-caliber bullets.”



However, that study was done by an artist rather than a road safety professional, although the impact was successful. By creating a surface which drivers looked out for could improve the awareness of the crossing, but other experts also suggest that these could do more damage than good, as distracting a driver from the vulnerable road users is a recipe for disaster, as drivers look at the crossing and not the people on it or waiting to cross.



You will see that many of the coloured crossings are on raised humps, again traffic calming measures, but a lot of these humps also don´t fall in with the legal requirements set down by law, and so quite a lot have been removed in recent years.

There are many different reasons why crossings are different colours, but as the majority of those which have been marked other than that laid down in law are under the control of local authorities, it is the reasoning for each one of those that is the only answer to the question, as nationally, all we can say it what the law clearly states, “NO podrán utilizarse líneas de otros colores que alternen con las blancas”.

### Road Fatality and Injury Statistics Released

The Director General of Traffic, María Seguí, has this week presented the conclusions of road incident statistics for 2014.

Last year there were 91,570 injury incidents in which 1,688 people died and 9,574 were injured to such a severity they needed admission in a hospital. On average, there were 4.6 deaths on the road every day.

One of the most worrying trends is the increase in deaths in vans, doubling from 51 deaths in 2013 to 100 deaths in 2014. Also worrying is the fact that 2 out of every 5 people killed in cars or vans were not wearing a seat belt at the time of the incident.

However, despite that for the first time since 2009 there has been an increase in the number of long-haul journeys by 1.6%, with 359.8 million journeys on the roads, 5 out of the 13 key performance indicators for road safety between 2010 and 2020 have already been achieved.

During 2014, in addition to the 1.6% increase in traffic, there has been a 2% increase in the number of injury incidents. There has also been a 5% decrease in the number of hospitalisations, and a 0.4% accidents and the minor injuries, a decrease of 5% in hospitalized wounded but a 0.4% increase in the number of fatalities.

Specifically, of the 91,570 injury accidents, in which 1,688 people died, that is an increase of 8 fatalities over 2013.

The data maintains Spain´s position in fifth place in the scale of European rankings by rate of fatalities with 36 deaths per million inhabitants, well below the European average rate which stands at 52, and ahead of countries like France, Germany, Italy and Finland.

The aging fleet of vehicles on the roads is still continuing, despite incentives for subsidies on new cars. Now, more than half of the cars on Spanish roads are 10 years of age or older, a fact that increases the risk of dying or being seriously injured compared to incidents involving vehicles of 5 years of age or less. In the case of fatal incidents in 2014, the average age of passenger cars involved was 12.1 years on urban roads and 13.3 years on urban roads.

In 2014, the number of registered vehicles cars on the roads was 30,976,047. During that year, 1,146,125 new vehicles were registered, 3,095,592 vehicles were transferred and 1,100,176 were decommissioned.

In terms of drivers, there are now 26,217,202 licensed drivers in charge of vehicles, a figure slightly below the previous year of 26,401,660. In addition, last year, 411,583 new drivers were registered and 3,089,952 driving license renewals were made. The data also reveals that the age of drivers is gradually increasing, parallel to the aging of the population, with 13% of drivers now 65 or older.

As regards the road network, it is estimated that there are over 660,000 kilometres of roads, of which over 489,000 are urban and managed by the municipalities, and more than 165,567 are intercity roads, of which 2% (3,036 km.) correspond to toll roads; 7% (11,682 km.) to free motorways and expressways; 1% (1,640 km.) of dual carriageways and 149,209 km (90%) to other conventional roads.

As the details of road incidents, 3 out of every 5 injury incidents occurred on urban roads, but fatal incidents were concentrated on intercity roads.

Last year, 38% of all injury incidents took place on interurban roads, representing 35,147 of the total. However, that was a 6% decrease compared to 2013. There were also a decline in the number of serious injuries by 7% and minor injuries by 5%, but there was a 1% increase in the number of fatalities. On these roads, 74% of all fatalities occurred.

On urban roads, there were 56,423 injury incidents, in which 441 people died (26% of the total), 4,740 were injured and hospitalized and 68,365 suffered minor injuries. Over the previous year, the number of injury incidents and minor injuries grew by 8%, but the number of deaths decreased by 9 people.

As has become the norm in recent years, 66% of incidents where at least one person died happened on weekdays and 63% of those incidents between 8am and 8pm.

Incidents where vehicles left the road is the biggest cause of fatalities, with 32% of deaths attributed to that type of incident, whereas the second most frequent incidents where a death occurred involved a pedestrian, 18% of the total number of incidents. In fact, 20% of all road fatalities in 2014 were pedestrians, with 336 people losing their lives, 132 they were in intercity roads and 204 on urban streets. In total, 336 pedestrians were killed, 40 less than the previous year.

There was a decline in the number of deaths in all age groups except the 45 to 54 years of age group, where an additional 48 people lost their lives, and those aged over 85, where an additional 9 people were killed compared to 2013.

Of the 746 people killed in cars, 23% were not wearing a seatbelt, 171 people losing their lives as a result. In addition, 23 of the 76 fatalities in vans were also not strapped in.

In addition, 11 of the 287 motorcyclists killed were not wearing a crash helmet at the time of the incident, and for moped riders, 9 of the 53 people who were killed were also not wearing a helmet.

### Mallorca Traffic Officer Killed on Duty

A Guardia Civil traffic officer has been killed whilst on duty following an incident in Llucmajor, the largest municipality of the Balearic Island of Majorca, on Thursday.

The officer was hit by a van whilst attending an incident in which two cars had collided moments earlier.

The officer was in a critical condition as a result of the collision and was taken by ambulance to hospital, under an escort of Guardia Civil colleagues on account of the seriousness of the injuries sustained.

The officer passed away at 03:00 on Friday morning in the Hospital de Son Espases, another tragic loss in the line of duty.

### Happy Birthday to the Penalty Point

This week marked the ninth anniversary of Spain´s driver penalty point system for traffic offences. Unlike the UK where points are added for committing offences, in Spain, drivers start with an allocation of points, which can increase in the case of good, incident-free driving, but are taken away in the event of being liable for an offence.

According to the data released by the DGT this week, 73% of all Spanish drivers have their full quota of points intact, but there are 7 million drivers who have been penalised.

Since the launch of this system, over 7 million drivers have lost a total of 35.5 million points, out of which 21.6 million were withdrawn by DGT sanctions and 9.07 million to be imposed by the municipalities. Responsible for policing their own road networks, 1.06 million were withdrawn by the Basque Government and 3.7 million by the Catalan Traffic Service.

A total of 203,283 drivers have lost their driving license on account of exhausting all of their points. Of those, 183,342 were men and 19,940 were women.

The most likely reason for losing points is for speeding. Last year alone there were 640,996 speed related infractions. What might surprise many is that it´s not the younger generation who seem to be the most speed obsessed but the middle aged. Some 54% of drivers who lost points for speeding are aged between 35 and 54, whereas only 20% are younger.

Speeding is also precept where there are a higher percentage of women offenders, with 27%, ten points above the recurrence of other offenses.

Regarding the consumption of alcohol and drugs at the wheel, violations have increased in these nine years, from the 94,027 complaints the first year, to 119,345 in 2014, with the highest peak being in 2011 with 141,170.

Unlike the profile of speeding drivers, young people and men have a major problem with alcohol and drugs and driving, with 87% being male and 59% being under the age of 35.

Last year, 30,630 drivers lost points as a result of having consumed alcohol or drugs before driving, 17,160 drivers have been penalised twice in the last three years and 1,854 three times in the same period for driving with higher than the permitted alcohol rate in their system. In the case of drugs, there are 932 drivers with two penalties in the last three years and another 167 with three penalties in the same period. The DGT is now investigating harsher penalties in order to deter this activity.

Distractions whilst driving, the third major contributor to road traffic incidents, has also seen a startling increase in recent years. In 2007, there were 71,536 sanctions for using a mobile phone at the wheel. Last year that figure had almost doubled to 139,671, which have led to the withdrawal of more than 400,000 points.

Once again, it is not the young who are most at fault as the majority of violations, some 39%, are between the ages of 40 and 55.

Not wearing seat belts and child restraints has actually seen a decline in the number of offences, from 135,815 nine years ago, to 122,822 last year, resulting in the withdrawal of 368,466 points. The most likely offender when it comes to not wearing a seatbelt are men however, responsible for a staggering 90% of all violations.

### Road Fatalities Declined in First Semester

With still a long way to go on the road to zero, fatalities on the roads of Spain declined in the first six months of the year, with 11 fewer deaths than 2014.

Tragically, 496 people still lost their lives in the first semester, after an increase last year bucked the trend of thirteen consecutive years of decline.

The Director General of the DGT, María Seguí, said this week, “We are at historic lows and now we have to be extremely vigilant. These results place us among the best countries in the world”.

Specifically, this year began with two consecutive months of rising deaths on Spanish roads, increasing by 44% in January and 14.5% in February, according to provisional figures provided by the DGT, which accounts for the deaths recorded in the 24 hours after an incident on the intercity roads throughout the country, except Catalonia and the Basque Country. In the first quarter of the year, the death toll showed an increase for the first time since 2002, although in March we saw a decline with 80 deaths, compared to 90 in 2014.

The average age of cars involved in fatal incidents in 2015 is 13.6 years, whereas in 2014 the average age was 12.3 years. The age of a vehicle is statistically linked to the risk of death as studies show that the risk of death in passenger cars aged between 10 to 14 years old is 1.6 times higher than those of less than four years; and 2.2 times higher in those aged 15 to 19 years.

Spain currently has a rate of 36 deaths per million inhabitants, one of the lowest in the world, but still not low enough.

In an attempt to slow vehicles down, from Thursday, the DGT will publish 1,500 locations of mobile radars on the roads, in the hope that the awareness of such speed checking devices will encourage drivers to slow down.

Shortly, the laws will change giving more attention to the most vulnerable road users and general maximum speed limits on some roads will reduce as a result. Slowing vehicles down and focussing on the two other main factors in road traffic incidents, alcohol and drugs and distractions, should go further to the road to zero and make the roads safer for all.

### Summer Road Campaign Launched

The Director General of the DGT traffic department, María Seguí, has announced details of this year´s summer road operation, which begins on Friday.

With the intention of ensuring the safety and fluidity in the roads, there will be an anticipated 81.5 million journeys are expected during July and August, almost 4% more than last year.

There are a number of key times when the roads are particularly busy, firstly as inland residents move away from the cities towards coastal and mountainous holiday areas, then again as they return home.

In addition, every weekend from now and through the summer will pose particular problems in terms of traffic flow and are likely to be extremely busy, especially in tourist and leisure focussed areas.

It is also worth noting that in the interests of safety there will be heightened campaigns focussing on speed and alcohol and drug use, two of the three main contributing factors to road traffic incidents.

Specifically, of the 81.5 million anticipated road journeys, 38.3 million will be made in July and 43.2 million in August. Collectively, the roads are anticipated to be 3.85% busier than last year.

Typically, most tourists choose to take their holidays over full weeks, which is why the weekends tend to be busier for long haul journeys, transferring the visitors from their home to the holiday destination and back.

Typically, the first weekend of both July and August are busy for the tourists heading from home to the coast and mountains.

There are four major operations planned in terms of traffic management, three focussing on the movement to the coast and mountains, and one focussing on the return. The first summer operation will be between the 3rd and 5th of July, the second between the 31st of July and 2nd of August, the third from the 14th to the 16th of August. The return operation will focus on the weekend of the 28th to the 31st of August, although there will also be return operations on a smaller scale on all weekends in between.

In order to ensure the safer flow of traffic, the DGT has already set out a number of measures which include the creation of additional lanes to ease the traffic flow on certain roads. All major road works will be suspended, and there will be restrictions on the movement of dangerous goods.

On the ground, there will be 10,000 officers of the Guardia Civil traffic department, supported by 600 officers and specialised technical personnel, employees from conservation and the emergency services, all of whom will combine their efforts so that drivers can make a safe trip.

The advice for drivers on long journeys is always the same, allow extra time for your trip in peak times, take plenty of breaks, observe the speed limits and the traffic conditions and generally prepare for a busier than normal route.

For local drivers the advice reminds us that summer traffic has different characteristics to those produced in other time of the year and this must be taken into account. Many of the drivers we encounter will be new to the area and not used to driving on either the route they have chosen or during such busy times, so patience must be exercised.

As well as heavy traffic on the roads linking coastal towns and tourist areas of the coastline with beaches, both on weekdays and especially on weekends, there will be an increased presence of cyclists and pedestrians on the road, a greater movement throughout the road network of foreign registered vehicles, an increased number of sports that use the road, for which additional traffic measures will be taken, including the most important road race in the cycling calendar of Spain.

Last year, there were 220 fatalities on the roads of Spain during July and August. With the aim of ultimately reaching a zero death count, it is hoped that the number will decrease significantly this year, to that end, the Guardia Civil will be dedicating 80% of their monitoring time to conventional roads, the scene of the majority of fatal incidents.

In addition, there will be a number f specific checks put in place, the fist, which will run from the 6th to the 12th of July will focus on vehicle standards. There will also be a major speed clamp down between the 20th to the 26th of July, with 1,500 sections of road being targeted.

In addition, for the first time in a summer campaign, foreign drivers will not be able to escape the lengthening arm of the law, as sanctions can now be imposed across other European member states.

These are just some of the intensive campaigns that will run through the summer season, but with the majority of traffic officers taking to the streets for the whole period, there will be intensified attention to all traffic related matters, as the need to keep the roads safer during one of the busiest times of year takes hold once again.

### More Mobile Radar Locations to be Published

Following the success of the pilot scheme launched in Asturias and Castile y Leon, the DGT has announced that from July they will expand the publication of the location of mobile speed detectors on the roads.



Specifically, from July, the DGT will publish the periodic locations of 1,200 sections of roads, divided into 50 provinces, detailing the approximate location at any point of any of their 800 mobile radar units.

The initiative was announced in February as part of a package of improvements to help manage excessive speed on the roads, by advising drivers of the approximate location so as they may slow down for a longer period than if they only spot the radars at the last moment, thus resulting in a safer flow of traffic for longer periods of time.

According to the head of the DGT, María Seguí, “The criteria for locating these radars are the result of applying a method developed and tested in seven provinces and takes into account four parameter; the number of serious incidents, the overall number of incidents irrespective of severity, the information relating to the speed of the road and the road characteristics”.

### Woman Killed and 16 Injured as Motorbike Slams into Terrace

A 72 year old woman was killed and 16 other people injured when a motorbike slammed into the terrace of a bar in Valencia on Monday.



The incident occurred on avenida Burjasot at around 20:30 when the motorcyclist lost control of the vehicle and crashed into the terrace of the bar.

The biker is amongst those injured and will be answering questions relating to the incident that left traffic suspended for over an hour and so many people injured.

### Dramas for Ambulance Crews

It has been a dramatic few days for emergency medical teams on Monday, after incidents across the country.



In the Mollet del Valles area of Barcelona an ambulance was in a collision with a truck on the AP-7 motorway and suffered considerable damage. Luckily, there were no serious injuries in the crash.



Meanwhile, in Ovideo, an ambulance was burnt out on Saturday. It is the second time such an incident has occurred with a vehicle belonging to a private clinic suffering fire damage.



An investigation is being conducted although the initial hypothesis is that it was a deliberate act, on account of tools and materials found nearby.

### Another Tragic Weekend on the Roads

The weekend started of tragically on the roads when a man died at around 17:00 in the Oviedo area, when the truck he was driving overturned and burst into flames on the AS-215 road in El Rodical. Once the flames were extinguished fire fighters could then remove the lifeless body of the man from the vehicle.



A motorcyclist was injured after being in collision with a car at around 15:20 in Santander on Saturday. The biker suffered a variety of injuries and was taken to hospital as a result. Meanwhile, also in Santander and at around the same time, a 14 year old chils was injured in a collision between a bicycle and a car.

A 52 year old cyclist participating in a road race suffered injuries after falling from his bike in Elosua, when a chicken crossed the road in front of him.

At around 17:00 on Saturday a vehicle collided with the guardrail near to Can Picafort a Nuroon the island of Mallorca. As a result of the collision the driver was thrown from the vehicle and died as a result of multiple injuries sustained.

Four people were injured on Saturday afternoon in the O Porriño area of Pontevedra in a collision with a tractor.

One driver had a lucky escape when his car left the road in the Derio area of Bilbao, as the vehicle was leaving the N-663 at the airport junction at around 16:00 on Saturday. The sole occupant of the Audi A3 suffered minor injuries and had to be extracted from the vehicle by fire fighters. However, a subsequent breath test revealed that the driver was five times over the permitted maximum limit.

Six people were injured, including a pregnant woman and a 12 year old child, when two vehicles collided at around 23:00 on Saturday night in El Ejido on the N-340 main road.

Just after midnight on Saturday night two cars collided on the N-332 main road in Cartagena, resulting in one person being killed and two others injured. As a result of the impact some of the people remained trapped in the cars which then became more serious a situation as one of the vehicles burst into flames.

Local residents managed to control the flames by using fire extinguishers before the emergency services arrived. The dead man was reported to be 75 years of age and of Spanish nationality, whereas those injured were said to be 42 and 45 and of foreign nationality.

A car collided with a concrete wall which separates the motorway and a commercial centre at the Bahía de Santander at around six in the morning on Sunday, the vehicle overturning as a result. When the emergency services arrived at the scene the occupants had already fled.

On Sunday, a motorbike collided with a tractor in Moral de la Reina, in the province of Valladolid, with the 40 year old biker suffering injuries of varying degrees.

In the Álava town of Lantarón, a car and a motorbike crashed head on resulting in the biker being injured and being taken to hospital.

### New Signs Show Delay Times

The DGT has launched a subtle improvement to traffic information boards on some of the roads in Spain, indicating if there are delays en route.



Alongside timings for journeys to featured areas, some of the display panels will now display a clock face.

A white clock indicates that traffic is flowing normally, whereas a red clock indicates that there are delays.

The aim is to try to provide more information to motorists and therefore encourage safety though the awareness of problems ahead.

### Pedestrians Seriously Injured in Ambulance Crash

Two women, aged 62 and 70, have been seriously injured when they were knocked down by an ambulance whilst walking along the pavement in Alcorcón in the south west of Madrid.

The incident occurred on Tuesday night when the ambulance was en route to an emergency call and invaded the pavement striking the two pedestrians.

The victims were taken to hospital in an alternative ambulance and an investigation is being carried out, the most likely outcome being driver error, according to sources close to the investigation.

### Caravan and Car Crash

Caravan and car left the road at AP-1 at kilometre 58,000.

### Staying Cool Uses Fuel

Using your car´s air conditioning at a temperature below 20 degrees can result in an increase of 20% in fuel consumption, according to a new report compiled by AutoScout24.



The report is aimed at raising awareness of using air conditioning and the impact on vehicle use, including an increase in maintenance.

The report also aims at encouraging users to reduce the settings of their units, so as to improve performance of both the vehicle´s fuel consumption and to avoid damage, by keeping the settings in the mid or low range, or just opening the windows to reduce the temperature.

AutoScout24 also highlights the importance of conducting proper maintenance of the air conditioning in winter and perform a thorough cleaning of the radiator, as well as checking the hoses and ducts of this system.

The firm points out that the gas is an essential element of air conditioning and a clear sign of a malfunction of this unit is that the device fails to cool when connected. Another sign of a malfunction is a sour smell inside the car.

You can get your air conditioning checked at a maintenance workshop or garage, remembering to ensure that the garage is competent in carrying out the repairs.

### Cars That Can See Round Corners?

Exiting blind junctions can be a nerve-wracking experience for drivers, as they inch forward into traffic and strain to see and hear oncoming vehicles.

Ford is introducing a new camera technology that can see around corners, even when drivers cannot, to help avert accidents.



The innovative Front Split View Camera – available as an option on the all-new Ford Galaxy and S-MAX – displays a 180-degree view from the front of the car, using a video camera in the grille. At a blind junction or exiting a driveway, the camera enables drivers to easily spot approaching vehicles, pedestrians or cyclists.

“It’s not just blind junctions that can be stressful, sometimes an overhanging tree, or bushes can be the problem,” said Ronny Hause, engineer, Driver Assistance Electronic Systems, Ford of Europe. “Simply driving off driveways can be a challenge. Much like a rear-view camera, Front Split View Camera is one of those technologies that people will soon find indispensable.”



The first-in-segment technology is activated at the push of a button. A 1-megapixel camera in the front grille enables drivers to see a real-time 180-degree view – both left and right – on the vehicle’s eight-inch colour touchscreen. Drivers can track road users that approach on either side and pass in front of the vehicle. The camera, just 33mm wide, is kept clear by a specially designed retractable jet-washer that operates automatically when the windscreen wipers are activated.

Data recorded by the European Road Safety Observatory SafetyNet project indicated that approximately 19 per cent of drivers involved in accidents at junctions experienced obstructions to view.* The U.K. Department of Transport said that in 2013, vision affected by external factors contributed to 11 per cent of all road accidents.**

“From sunrise to sunset we tested the Front Split View Camera on all kinds of roads, congested urban streets and areas with a lot of cyclists and pedestrians,” Hause said. “Tackling tunnels, narrow alleys and garages in all light conditions also meant we could ensure the technology worked well even when sunlight was shining directly into the camera.”

Ford models including the all-new Galaxy and S-MAX already offer Rear View Camera technology; and Cross Traffic Alert system, which uses rear-mounted sensors to warn drivers reversing out of a parking space of vehicles that may soon be crossing behind them. Further new driver assistance technologies offered on new Galaxy and S-MAX include:

	Intelligent Speed Limiter, which when activated scans traffic signs and adjusts the throttle to help drivers stay within legal speed limits and avoid fines
	Pre-Collision Assist with Pedestrian Detection, which will reduce the severity of some frontal collisions involving vehicles and pedestrians, or help drivers avoid some impacts altogether
	Glare-Free Highbeam technology for the adaptive LED headlamps, which detects vehicles ahead and fades out light that could dazzle oncoming drivers, while retaining maximum illumination for other areas

“Pulling out on a blind junction can be a tricky manoeuvre for new and experienced drivers alike. The best approach has traditionally been to simply lean forward to get the best view whilst creeping forwards with the windows wound down to listen for approaching vehicles, but cyclists are a particular risk as they can’t be heard,” said Keith Freeman, AA quality training manager in the UK, who also trains young drivers as part of the Ford Driving Skills For Life programme. “This technology will certainly make emerging from anywhere with a restricted view so much safer and the experience less nerve-wracking for those behind the wheel.”

The all-new Galaxy and S-MAX are available to order now, priced from £27,595 and £25,245 respectively, with front and rear cameras a £400 option. Front Split View Camera also will be offered on the all-new Ford Edge upscale SUV, available in Europe later this year.

### Seven Roads Deaths This Weekend

In the provisional count by the DGT between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday, seven people have lost their lives on the roads of Spain.

There have also been a number of incidents which have resulted in a variety of injuries, and some dramatic images from the scenes.

A bus caught fire on the M-40 in Madrid on Friday, although there were luckily no injuries as a result.



On Friday evening, fire fighters had to extract the occupants of two cars which collided at a junction in Madrid. Both drivers were taken to hospital for treatment whilst the police in Madrid are investigating the incident.



A van crashed through the wall of a house in Callosa de Segura, destroying most of the wall, but there were no reported injuries in the dramatic smash.



Two women, aged 83 and 93, were killed, and two others, aged 42 and 15, were injured, in a crash in Albacete on Saturday afternoon. The incident occurred at 16:30 at kilometre 464 of the N-430 when the vehicle they were travelling in overturned.

On Saturday, a 34 year old motorcyclist was seriously injured in a collision with a car in Pamplona. A motorcyclist was killed on Saturday evening at Galve de Sorbe in Guadalajara.

On Sunday, an airport bus crashed into the terminal building at the airport on the island of Gran Canaria, with medical staff treating a number of people for injuries.



A 70 year old was killed and two others injured when the driver of a car lost control in Tardobispo, Zamora, and crashed into the terrace of a pub where numerous people were sat enjoying the Sunday sunshine.

### Jeep Renegade Joins the Police

It looks great in one of the nine optional colours already available, but now the new Jeep Renegade has a new colour scheme: blue and yellow stripes.



This striking Renegade police car is the result of a new partnership, announced this week, between Jeep’s Swindon-based dealership, T H White Fiat Group Brand Centre, and Wiltshire Police. In a first for the dealership, T H White has agreed an extended six month test drive with the force.

At the end of the test period, Wiltshire Police plans to buy the Jeep, which has been fitted with full police graphics, blue lights and sirens, and use it out of Gable Cross Police Station, Swindon.

The car, in 1.6 Diesel Sport specification, combines best-in-class off-road ability with world-class on-road driving dynamics. Inside, functional details crafted from high quality materials and using innovative colours ensure the Renegade will become an excellent addition to the force’s drivers. It'll be a practical one too, courtesy of best-in-class interior space and clever, functional storage areas.

Stephen Botham, Fleet & Services Manager at Wiltshire Police, negotiated the deal with Lee Jones, Fleet Sales Manager – EMEA Region, FCA and T H White Fiat Group Brand Centre’s newly appointed Fleet Sales Specialist, Emma McArdle.



“We’re delighted to add the Jeep Renegade to our fleet of vehicles,” says Andrew Carr, Hub Superintendent, Gable Cross Police Station, Swindon. “It is the first Jeep we’ve used as a marked vehicle and we’re looking forward to the start of what we are confident will be a rewarding relationship between Wiltshire Police and T H White Fiat Group Brand Centre.”

“Handing over the Jeep Renegade to Wiltshire Police was a great moment,” says Emma McArdle. “We’re sure it will be the ideal vehicle for all their needs, both on and off-road, and we look forward to seeing it out and about on the streets of Swindon.”

### Drunk Driver in Spectacular Crash

Traffic officers from the Guardia Civil were called to a crash at km 453,700 of the N-122 main road on Friday, only to find a car lay on its side in the carriageway.



The vehicle had apparently left a roundabout at speed, destroying a road sign as it passed over the divisional kerb, colliding with the crash barrier and then landing on its side.



The driver of the vehicle was unharmed, although did provide a positive result for alcohol in a breathalyser test.

### Calls to Ban Used Tyre Sales

Pressure is being put on the government to ban the sale of used tyres amid increasing safety fears from industry professionals.



It is estimated that 300,000 vehicles on the roads of Spain are fitted with used tyres, a figure which has increased in recent years due to the financial crisis. One mainstream supplier states that 80% of their business is in the sale of used, rather than new tyres. In addition, it is believed that 60% of all cars over 10 years of age are fitted with used tyres.

Meanwhile, accident investigators say that tyres are a factor in three out of four road traffic incidents, and point out that tyre wear and tear is different on all vehicles, makes and models.

Therefore, 35% of motor industry professionals are now lobbying for the sale of used tyres to be prohibited, a figure backed up by 45% of journalists who work in the sector.

As the most vulnerable part of a vehicle, facing constant abuse and wear, close monitoring and awareness of tyres is crucial to the safe running of a vehicle.

### Dangerous Speeder Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department stopped a vehicle which had been driving at 235 kilometres per hour on the AP-7 motorway in the Corbera area of the Ribera Baixa in the Valencian Community.



The limit on the road in the section where the vehicle was caught is 120 kilometres per hour and so the officers stopped the car.

They found that the driver was a 22 year old French national and they proceeded to check the vehicle whilst confirming the identity of the driver, subsequently finding a sports bag with more than 200,000 euro in cash hidden inside.

As well as arresting the man for a serious crime against road safety, he also faces money laundering charges on account of him being able to justify the origin of the cash.

### Searched Launched for Crashed Driver

Officers from the Guardia Civil traffic department were forced to launch a search to find and identify the driver of a car which had crashed off the N-332 main road in the La Marina area of the southern Alicante province.



The vehicle was spotted around 20 metres off the road with the scene showing indications that the vehicle had left the road at speed, crashed through a protective fence, and come to a stop in shrubbery, where is was abandoned.



The search was launched to ensure the driver was okay and to then answer questions about the incident which resulted in the vehicle being left where it was found and the subsequent recovery operation.

### New Mitsubishi Traffic Cars Arrive in Orihuela

The Guardia Civil traffic department are starting to take delivery of new vehicles across the country, replacing some of their older fleet with newer, more modern and powerful cars, all of which have been meticulously tested to ensure the maximum performance and capability for the roles required.

One of the latest additions to the fleet has been 24 Mitsubishi ASX DI-D 4WD, selected due to its multipurpose ability, standard equipment and safety features, as well as optimum fuel economy, four-wheel drive and excellent reliability.



Destined for use in areas where the traffic department police rural areas and countryside zones as well as major highways and roads, the traffic police station in Orihuela has taken delivery of their share of the fleet this week.



With its crossover diesel engine providing 150 horsepower, the new internal geometry and new valve timing system improves the response at low revs. Consumption is 5.7 litres per 100 kilometres, and has a top speed of 198 kilometres per hour. The vehicle can reach 100 kilometres per hour, from standing, in 10 seconds.



The vehicle design is said to be inspired by the Mitsubishi F-2 fighter aircraft, manufactured under license from the famous American Lockheed Martin F-16.



Orihuela has also recently taken delivery of the newer motorcycles for their patrols.

 

### Appropriate Footwear in the UK

A lot of people in Spain are asking how the Spanish laws on appropriate footwear differ from the UK. You can read more about wearing flip flops and high heels when driving in Spain on the website, and then you can compare the UK rules which we explain here.



Wearing appropriate footwear is a must when driving. When you think about the physical process required to make a vehicle go, turn or stop, all of the actions are performed by our hands and feet.

In the UK, Rule 97 of the Highway Codes states that before setting off, you should ensure that “clothing and footwear do not prevent you using the controls in the correct manner”.

If we consider a driver who is barefoot, for example, there is nothing illegal about this, but controlling the clutch, and even the brakes, can require a lot of pressure, which may prove difficult if a driver is barefoot. Feet can sweat and reduce the traction and wearing of socks or stockings is not ideal either, on account of the pressure needed.

Flip flops and sandals are considered by far the most dangerous of all inappropriate footwear. Shoes which don´t fit securely may fall off when driving and can get in the way of the pedals. Equally dangerous is how the foot can slip whilst the shoe remains in contact with the pedal, thus reducing braking time and causing a considerable risk when stopping.

High heels also pose their own problems, largely because these shoes are designed to alter the shape of the foot and ankle in order to raise the profile of the wearer. That´s all very well for a glamorous stroll through a prestigious event, but when sitting in a driving position the shape of the shoe prevents correct contact with the pedals, again reducing the response time.

Other than in the Highway Code, there is no specific law about footwear in the UK, but wearing inappropriate footwear could contribute to an incident for which accountability could be deemed to be the driver´s if they have not adhered to the rule, and are prevented from using the controls in the correct manner.

Supposing a lack of control of the clutch makes the car lunge forward and hit something in front, or the reaction time is reduced due to stumbling feet and you are unable to stop before hitting an obstacle, if it is likely that the inappropriate footwear was a contributing factor, the driver may well see a fixed penalty notice issued. Similarly, if an insurance company decides that inappropriate footwear was a contributing factor, it may lessen the compensation amount in the event of a claim.

As for choosing the most appropriate shoe for driving, comfort is important and a flat shoe that will not easily slip off is best, not too wide and secure. You can buy specific driving shores, but laced, velcro or secure slip-on plimsolls or trainers are ideal, so long as they are flat, with rubber grip on the underside which provides excellent traction and control over the pedals.

Shoes that allow the driver to feel the pedal through the shoe, whilst still being able to apply sufficient pressure without discomfort, are the best for the job.

### First Major Summer Traffic Operation Begins

The first major traffic movement monitoring campaign of the summer began on Monday, with Operación Paso del Estrecho set to facilitate 2.5 million people and 600,000 vehicles between Europe and Africa.



The operation runs until the 15th of September and will see two main elements of focus, the journey to Africa, which will be between the 15th of June and the 15th of August, and the return, which operates concurrently from the 15th of July until the 15th of September.

The busiest days are anticipated as being the first few days of August, namely the 1st to the 4th, whereas the busiest days for the return operation are expected to be from the 27th to the 30th of August. All weekends between the 10th of July and the 23rd of August will also be very busy.

The administrations at ports and harbours will be working together to ensure as smooth a flow as possible across the water, with ticket restrictions eased on most routes. Interpreters and technicians are on hand at the ports, and the roads will be policed by 9,000 officers having duties assigned to the operation.

The DGT will provide information relating to traffic problems during the course of the operation, but it is important to plan your journey carefully over the next few months, especially during the times stated on routes towards harbours and intercontinental links.

This operation will also coincide with the other major summer traffic flow plans, details of which will be released soon, when we see a major movement from inland and city areas to coastal and mountainous routes for the summer holidays.

### Traffic Police to get Mobile Vehicle Inspection Units

Guardia Civil traffic police in Spain will soon receive more equipment to help in their enforcement of the law, after two separate contracts were published in the state bulletin for acquisitions.



The first contract is valued at 363,000 euro and is for the supply of three mobile units which will be used to check for irregularities in both the vehicles and ITV certificates during routine checks.

The mobile inspection units will be able to detect faults in such elements as brakes, tyres, suspension and other vehicle components, with enforced immobilisation an option in the event of faults being detected.

The three mobile units will be given to the Guardia Civil and will carry two mechanics in each.

It is estimated that 20% of all vehicles on the roads have irregularities with their ITV certificates and inspections and these units will support other technology such as automatic number plate recognition which checks the database for ITV expiration and alerts the central computer of its findings, so that sanctions can be issued.

In addition, the DGT has purchased an additional 18 radar cameras, at a cost of 900,000 euro, which will be used for monitoring the road network for speeding vehicles.

All of this is in addition to the recent purchase of camouflaged cars with new radar equipment installed, and the continual focus on reducing the problem of speeding on the roads.

### Two Fatalities on the Roads this Weekend

Two people have lost their lives and eleven people have been injured in two major traffic incidents on the roads of Spain, in the provisional count by the DGT between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.

The first incident occurred on Saturday afternoon on the BI-633, in the Berriz area when a young male, aged 29, was killed after his car left the road and crashed into a house, before bursting into flames.



The second incident occurred at 03:30 on Sunday morning, at kilometre 63 of the A-381 in Alcala de los Gazules, Cádiz. A bus carrying Gibraltar fans returning from the Portuguese town of Faro after watching a football match collided with a van, resulting in one person being killed and eleven injured.

Three people were injured in Valencia in two incidents on the roads. In the first, a vehicle rolled over on the approach to a roundabout, and in the second, two cars collided.

### Alcohol and Drugs Campaign Success

During the latest campaign to clamp down on the consumption of alcohol and drugs whilst driving, more than 2,600 drivers tested positive.



During the campaign, which ran from the 1st to the 7th of June, officers from the Guardia Civil conducted a total of 208,782 tests, from which 1,978 were found to have consumed excessive alcohol and 622 were positive for drugs.

During the course of the testing phase, the officers conducted 1,909 drug tests on drivers who presented symptoms of having ingested some form of substance, had committed an offense or had been involved in a collision, of these tests, 622 were positive, some 32% of the total. Two of the drivers who tested positive were immediately arrested and brought before the courts after showing obvious signs of driving under the influence of drugs after having been involved in an incident.

Among the most frequently used drugs were cannabis, with 449 cases, cocaine with 198 cases and amphetamines in 72 cases, with almost 200 drivers testing positive for more than one substance.

Meanwhile, of the 206,873 breath tests conducted during the campaign, 1,978 drivers tested positive, of which 1,796 were routine checks, 99 after having committed another offense, another 72 for being involved in an incident and 11 showing more noticeable symptoms of having consumed alcohol.

Of the 1,978 drivers who exceeded the minimum permitted level of alcohol, 1,674 have been reported through the administrative process, whereas 304 will be brought before the courts for having presented a result in excess of 0.60 mg / l of exhaled air. In addition, another 10 drivers have been brought to justice for refusing breath tests.



Since the recently reformed Road Safety Act entered into force of the, the Ley de Seguridad Vial, more than 3,000 repeat offenders, who have been sanctioned in the previous year for testing positive for alcohol, have been punished with a 1,000 euro fine and the loss of 6 points. In addition, 30,000 drivers have been reported in the last year with more than 0.50 mg / l alcohol in exhaled air, twice the allowed rate. In addition, more than 20,000 drivers have been sanctioned for driving with the presence of drugs, an offence punishable by a fine of 1,000 euro and the loss of 6 points.

### Škoda Fabia Takes up Law Enforcement Role

The ŠKODA Fabia showcased its strengths as an emergency response vehicle at the National Association of Police Fleet Managers Conference (NAPFM) this week.  



The 2015 What Car? Car of the Year, ŠKODA Fabia, has found a new vocation in law enforcement. ŠKODA showcased the Fabia as a fully liveried police car at the event in Telford. Now in its 42nd year, NAPFM is one of the largest emergency service fleet events in Europe and caters for police, fire and rescue and ambulance vehicles.

This was the first glimpse of Fabia in police livery since ŠKODA was reappointed as an approved Crown Commercial Services supplier. The new framework now includes ‘Lot 7’ emergency service vehicles.

Sitting in the beat car category, the ŠKODA Fabia certainly lives up to its recent billing as 'Best Small Car' at the 2015 Fleet News Awards. With a five-star Euro NCAP safety rating, six airbags and an autonomous braking system as standard from SE, the Fabia provides proper protection for those who serve and protect us.



The model displayed, the Fabia Hatch 1.4 TDI 90PS SE, would perfectly suit the rigours of life on the street, with its 83.1mpg combined fuel consumption figure meaning it can theoretically remain on patrol for over 800 miles on a single tank.

Some 10 Fabia 1.4 TDI 90PS SE models were taken away from NAPFM this week by emergency services customers for extended three-month road tests. Speaking at the NAPFM Conference, ŠKODA Emergency Services Technical Sales Manager, Steven Cowell, said: “The ŠKODA Fabia is a reliable, robust and affordable vehicle loaded with technology, therefore ideal for use in the emergency services. Simply put, it's the perfect combination of form and function. The size and versatility of the Fabia also lends itself well to inner city duty."

### Can I Tint My Windows?

As the summer months get underway, thoughts turn to ways of cooling down. Lots of cars are fitted with air conditioning or climate control, both of which can be very useful, but our thoughts might also turn to having tinting or shading applied to our windows to keep the sun out.



Of course, the sun is not the only reason people apply tinting to windows, sometimes it´s for privacy, and sometimes the opposite, as a way of making a vehicle stand out from the crowd.

Whatever your reason behind it, there are some rules that must be applied when getting windows tinted or laminated.

By definition, tinted windows are created when dark sheets that are glued onto the original glass of the vehicle so that they provide a shade for the occupants from the ravages of sunlight.

There are benefits to the process, not only because of the shade provided, but tinted windows which have had the laminate provided also offer extra protection from shattering, as the glued laminate often keeps the glass together. They also offer protection from UV rays and create a cooler atmosphere inside the vehicle, as well as the additional privacy.

When it comes to approval during the mandatory vehicle inspection, the legal requirements are very clear. The vehicle must have a certificate provided by the manufacturer of the laminate that must be completed by the installer.

Another prerequisite for the test is that all car window laminates are properly sealed on the windows.

However, the law changed recently which now means that tinted windows are no longer considered a major reform, so an extraordinary inspection is no longer required, so long as all other requirements are met. It is always advisable to check with your local ITV station before having laminate tinting installed though, just to be sure.

As for the law and enforcement, firstly, it is illegal to have the front windows tinted in any way. Both the windscreen and side windows must remain clean as per the manufacturer’s specification. This same rule applies to stick on sunshades by the way. You must not affix anything to the front windows.

In this image we can see that the red car has tinted front windows, whereas the silver car doesn´t. The red car is illegal.

As for the back of the car, here you can apply tinting. It is perfectly legal for the back doors, or just the back windows if your vehicle doesn´t have doors, to have tinting applied. It is also perfectly legal for the rear window to have tinting too.

However, there is still something that you must monitor closely in order to comply with the law, and that is that all tinting or laminating must be in a good condition. If the laminate starts to bubble or peel, then it is no longer acceptable and must be removed or replaced, as is in the case of the ITV inspection.

Here we can see that the laminate on the rear window has become damaged, this constitutes an additional offence.

This might seem like an unusual law to enforce, but the reason is that if the laminate or tinting becomes damaged, then it reduces the visibility through the windows. Again, this might seem odd as we are talking about the back windows only, but a driver must still maintain good visibility all around the vehicle, in order to maintain visibility.

Visibility becomes restricted if the laminate is damaged.

You might remember from your driving lesson days, and it is hopefully something you still do today, but always checking your blind spot is crucial before carrying out any move, and that is why visibility is important.

However, as always, if you follow the rules and only have the back windows tinted, and they are maintained in pristine condition, then you can have many happy years motoring, either without the blinding sun, or whilst pretending your backseat passengers are the next US Presidential candidates.

### The Secrets of the Radar

Speed is one of the main contributing factors to road traffic incidents and fatalities, with 8 out of 10 deaths attributed to speed; it is something that every single driver can do something about thus reducing the risk for all.

However, as the need for speed intensifies, as cars get faster and the ride is smoother, traffic police still have a major task ahead of them when it comes to enforcing the law.

In Spain, the DGT currently use radars, microwave, laser, fixed distance segments and airborne speed detectors.



The Multanova 6F is an example of a microwave radar which sends a beam to the vehicle which then bounces back to the receiver. The variation of the wavelength then allows the processor to calculate the vehicle´s speed and, when the speed is above the programmed threshold, it automatically takes a picture which it sends to the DGT headquarters for processing.



These microwave radars can be in fixed locations, such as at the roadside, are fitted to a number of traffic law enforcement vehicles, and are available as mobile units. You might sometimes see telltale signs of these units on Guardia Civil cars, where there is a protrusion from the front of the vehicle that looks a little like a cone. These units are sometimes fitted to camouflaged cars and can communicate the captured information to officers are a roadblock or checkpoint instantly.



A similar device which is available in fixed and mobile formats is the Autovelox 105, one of the easiest devices to carry and set up and can operate from vehicles, the side of the road, or mounted on street fixtures. They can also be installed in permanent casings.



The Autovelox 105 is capable of measuring the speed of vehicles, as well as the distance between vehicles, and their length and width, thus allowing it to monitor cars and trucks from independent databases.

Typically, the device has two main elements; one part emits two parallel laser beams across the road, from the unit, which are spaced at 40 centimetres apart. A vehicle passing the unit first breaks the first beam and then the second, that allows the unit to calculate the speed as the beams are at a fixed distance. As a double check, the unit also calculates when the two beams are recovered; working out the time between both beams being restored once again. The unit and calculation can calculate within a 1% margin of error.

Once satisfied that the vehicle has travelled beyond the permitted speed for the road, the second element then takes over and takes two photographs the offending vehicle from behind, which can take place at night, given the built in flash. The photographs can either be taken manually or automatically by the system. This type of unit typically only takes the picture from the rear of the vehicle, as the offending car must have activated the sensors in order to qualify for a sanction.



Whereas the equipment fitted to vehicles does become easier to spot with the trained eye, the latest radars being used by the Guardia Civil are virtually impossible to spot. In the new MultaRadar CD, the cone shape previously on display has been replaced by a large rectangle, similar in size to the vehicle´s number plate, which has currently been installed in 50 brand new vehicles.



The fixed distance segment cameras record the data identifying vehicles into and out of a controlled stretch and the exact time they enter and leave. Subsequently, a processor calculates the average speed at which the vehicle has travelled through the controlled area, and if the limit has been exceeded it sends the data and photographs to the DGT for processing.



Although these devices are set up in a number of open locations around the country, one of the favourite places to find them is on tunnels, where the data is recorded on both the entrance and the exit.

The last type of radar used by law enforcers is the eye in the sky. Pegasus radar equipment is installed on brightly coloured blue and yellow helicopters. The WESCAM MX-15 works by taking three shots of the speed of a vehicle relative to the GPS position and speed of the aircraft. With these three measures the average speed of the three shots taken at intervals of one second is calculated.



There is a tolerance threshold, or  margin for error when it comes to being caught speeding, which is 7 kilometres per hour when the vehicle speed is less than 100 km / h, and 7% when the vehicle speed is over 100 km / h. All radars, fixed and mobile, apply this tolerance, except those operating on board aircraft.

Similarly, in the interest of improving road safety, acting as a deterrent, the DGT already publishes the locations of fixed cameras on its website, and has started to publish the locations of mobile and temporary speed traps.

### Police Motorcyclist Dies in Motorhome Collision

A National Police motorcyclist has died and a colleague injured when they were in a collision with a motorhome in Segovia.



The incident occurred on Tuesday at kilometre 3 of the SG-615 road in the San Ildefonso area.

The emergency call centre received information about the crash, detailing how the two motorcycles had been in a collision and one of the officers was unconscious.



Emergency medics were sent to the scene, including a helicopter, but the medical team could only confirm the death of the officers.

One of the occupants of the motorhome and the other motorcyclist were taken to hospital.

Ismael Moreno Marín was 39 years of age, married, with a baby on the way.

### Pothole Alert

Jaguar Land Rover is researching a new connected car technology that will allow a vehicle to identify the location and severity of potholes, broken drains and manhole covers, and then share this data in real-time via the cloud with other vehicles and with road authorities to help them prioritise repairs.



If a car can receive a warning from another vehicle about severe potholes or broken manholes ahead, then drivers would be able to slow down and avoid the danger – or the car could adjust suspension settings to reduce the impact and smooth the ride. This could help reduce the potential for punctures, wheel and vehicle damage as well as road accidents.

Dr Mike Bell, Global Connected Car Director, Jaguar Land Rover, said: “Our MagneRide equipped Range Rover Evoque and Discovery Sport vehicles feature sophisticated sensors that allow the vehicle to profile the road surface under the wheels and identify potholes, raised manholes and broken drain covers. By monitoring the motion of the vehicle and changes in the height of the suspension, the car is able to continuously adjust the vehicle’s suspension characteristics, giving passengers a more comfortable ride over uneven and damaged road surfaces.

“While this gives our customers a more comfortable ride, we think there is a huge opportunity to turn the information from these vehicle sensors into ‘big data’ and share it for the benefit of other road users. This could help prevent billions of pounds of vehicle damage and make road repairs more effective.”

PREDICTING POTHOLES ON THE ROAD TO AUTONOMOUS DRIVING

The next stage of the project at Jaguar Land Rover’s Advanced Research Centre in the UK is to install new road surface sensing technology in the Range Rover Evoque research vehicle, including an advanced forward-facing stereo digital camera.

“At the moment the most accurate data comes from when the car has driven over the pothole or manhole”, added Mike Bell. “So we are also researching how we could improve the measurement and accuracy of pothole detection by scanning the road ahead, so the car could predict how severe they are before the vehicle gets near them.

“Ultimately, sensing the road ahead and assessing hazards is a key building block on our journey to the autonomous car. In the future, we are looking to develop systems that could automatically guide a car around potholes without the car leaving its lane and causing a danger to other drivers. If the pothole hazard was significant enough, safety systems could slow or even stop the car to minimize the impact. This could all help make future autonomous driving a safe and enjoyable reality.”

POTHOLE ALERT AND ROAD REPAIRS

Jaguar Land Rover’s research team will also be working with innovation partner Coventry City Council to understand how road profile information could be shared with road authorities, and exactly what data would be most useful for their roads maintenance teams to identify and prioritise repairs.

Councillor Rachel Lancaster, Cabinet Member for Public Services at Coventry City Council said:  “As part of our ‘Smart Cities’ strategy, we will be investigating how Jaguar Land Rover’s Pothole Alert system could supply us with data in real-time from thousands of connected cars right across our road network. This could give us a very accurate, minute-by-minute picture of damage to road surfaces, manholes and drains in real time.

“We already collect lots of data which we monitor very carefully ourselves but having this kind of extra information might allow us to further improve our maintenance programmes which would save the taxpayer money.”

The project will also investigate whether Jaguar Land Rover’s experimental camera could take an image of the pothole or damaged manhole – and share this with the road authorities, together with a GPS location.

“We are just beginning to explore how we could use this technology, but data that includes the severity of the issue, its exact location and an image has huge potential,” added Councillor Lancaster. “This is just the sort of information that could help us identify the cause of the problem, prioritise it and contact the owner of the manhole or drain to get it fixed more quickly.”

### Garage and Workshop Inspections Increasing

Officers from the Guardia Civil carried out 6,548 inspections of car mechanical workshops in 2014, and found a total of 17,070 administrative violations.



The information was released this week which details the activities of the law enforcers in collaboration with garage and vehicle maintenance association.

Illegal and unlicensed garages are considered a risk on account of some of them endangering road safety, environmental requirements, tax and social security evasion and providing unfair competition to those who operate within the confines of the law.

During the month of October last year the Guardia Civil intensified inspections of garages, the result being 238 being forced to shut their doors permanently.

Of the infractions identified during the inspections, 61.7% were for non-compliance with environmental regulations, 27.9% were for municipal license deficiencies or breach of industry standards, and the remaining 10.4% were violations of other regulations relating to social security or tax legislation.

The Director General of the Guardia Civil pointed out how the number of inspections of these premises has risen from just 61 in 2011, to 6,548 in 2014, resulting in a huge hike in reports from 308 complaints in 2011, to 17,070 in 2014, thus showing the commitment of the body to eradicate the problem.

Details of how to ensure that the garage or workshop you use is legal, and the reasons why this is important, can be found on the website, n332.es.

### Cyclist Fined for Drunk Riding

A cyclist had an unpleasant surprise this week when he was found by traffic police officers to have been consuming excessive alcohol before riding his bicycle.

File Photo

Once a bicycle is being ridden it is classed as another vehicle, and the rider is therefore equally responsible for complying with all relevant traffic laws, including not using a mobile phone, not wearing headphones or mobile phone hands free headsets, not speeding, not riding on the pavement, and many more, including not consuming excessive alcohol before riding.

Guardia Civil traffic officers stopped the rider on account of him riding in the middle of the road in a dangerous position.

A breathalyzer test was conducted twice which revealed 0.96 and 0.92 mg/l of expelled air, when the maximum limit is 0.25 mg/l.

The GREEN cycles show the fine issued, the RED show that the vehicle was a bicycle and the breathalyzer results.

This is the first time that recent changes to the law have had to be applied to a cyclist. If you are over the limit then the fine is 500 euro, but when you are over 0.50 mg/l in the breathalyzer test it is treated as a more serious offence and you are subject to a fine of 1,000 euro, and the loss of points from your license.

If the driver was over 0.60 mg/l then it would have resulted in arrest and would be dealt with as a criminal offence, but this applies to vehicles with an engine.

As a cyclist is not required to hold a license, the points are not deducted but the fine is still applied. There is a 50% reduction in the event of prompt payment.

### Drunk Driver Arrested in Torrevieja

A drunk driver crashed his car on the N-332 on Sunday night, in the vicinity of the Quiron hospital in Torrevieja.



Realising the liability of the incident, the driver fled on foot, leaving his vehicle upturned by the side of the road.

A vigilant neighbour saw where the driver ran away to and alerted the Guardia Civil traffic police who managed to track him down.

The driver was breathalysed and found to have consumed excessive alcohol, and was promptly arrested on the charge of drunk driving as well as facing a fine for abandoning his vehicle where he left it, in a hazardous location to other road users.

### Four Year Prison Call for Cyclist Killer

The prosecutor in the courts of Jaén has asked for a prison sentence of four years be handed down to a 27 year old driver, named as José Luis P.L., who knocked down and killed a cyclist and seriously injured another.

The incident occurred in June, 2012, during the Vuelta Ciclista a Sierra Mágina, when the driver ignored calls to stop whilst the organized race was on the road where he was travelling.

The vehicle then carried on along the N-324 road, through a series of curves, travelling at speeds in excess of 60 kilometres per hour.

The vehicle crashed into the two lead cyclists. One of them, 17 year old José María Sánchez Raya, died in hospital as a result of injuries sustained in the impact. The second, Antonio David YM, who was 16 years of age at the time, was seriously injured and took 436 days to recover.

José María Sánchez Raya

José Luis P.L. is charged with reckless homicide and causing injury by gross negligence and is facing two and a half years in prison for causing the death and an additional eighteen months for causing injury. In addition, the prosecutor is asking for 130,000 euro compensation be paid to the family of the dead cyclist, and 84,000 euro for the injuries.

 

### Maximum Speed Limits

Excessive or inappropriate speed is one of the three main contributing factors to road traffic collisions. In fact, in Spain, it is statistically as decisive risk factor in over 25% of all traffic incidents.

The risk factor increases along with the speed, which is further amplified by other factors such as the weather, driver inexperience or alcohol, subsequently increasing the risk further.

Roads are designed based on a number of different factors, and the maximum permitted speed decided on those characteristics. Sometime, it may not appear obvious as to why a reduction in the speed of a road may be required, but there is always a reason for this, and so the speed limit must be respected.

It is also important to remember that the speed limit indicates the maximum permitted speed during optimum conditions. It should never be treated as a target, but you vehicle´s speed should be adapted to reduce the risks to both yourself and other road users.

The maximum permitted speed on a road is indicated by means of a circular sign with a red border and the numbers in black the centre. This is a mandatory speed limit sign, known as R-301.



There is also a minimum required speed sign, the R-411, which is a blue circle with numbers in white in the centre. A minimum speed is a requirement on a number of roads, and so if your vehicle is incapable of reaching those speeds, you will not be allowed on them.



The third signs relating to speed are the S-7 and S-9, which is an advisory maximum speed limit sign. It is a blue square with white numbers printed in the centre and denotes the maximum speed which your vehicle should travel on through the stretch in question. The sign is advisory and not mandatory, but if road planners believe it important enough to warn drivers, then heeding their advice is always the best course of action.



These signs can also appear in conjunction with other information, such as denoting the minimum or maximum speed in a particular lane, such as the S-50.



There are also signs which denote the end of restrictions, but we will deal with those another time.

We have to remember though that the signs are not the only indicator to what we call “appropriate speed”. We must take into account all other factors such as the weather, flow of traffic, obstacles in the road, other road users and more. For example, on rainy days more incidents often occur because many drivers travel at the same speed as they do on a sunny day, not adjusting their speed to take the weather and road conditions into account.

Appropriate speed is never governed entirely by the maximum or minimum on the road, although it is likely to be somewhere in between, once we consider all of the other factors as well.

All roads have a speed limit, even those which don´t display speed limit signs.

Roads are separated into four main groups. The first group is toll roads and motorways, otherwise known as autopistas and autovias. The second group are conventional roads, which is split again into two subgroups, vías automóviles and carreteras convencionales with a hard shoulder equal to or greater than 1.5 m or more than two lanes for either direction (3 lanes or more in total); and other conventional roads, otras carreteras convencionales. The final group are urban roads, or Vías urbanas, travesías.

The table below indicates the maximum permitted speed under optimum conditions.



There are other restrictions on certain types of vehicles and activities which must also be taken into consideration, as you can see from the table above.

School buses have an enforced 10 kilometre per hour restriction when travelling above 50 kilometres per hour, so on a road where the limit is 90 km per hour, the maximum speed for school buses is 80, for example.

Buses carrying standing passengers with authorisation cannot exceed 80 kilometres per hour in any circumstance.

Vehicles transporting dangerous goods have a 10 km per hour reduced generic maximum speed on urban roads.

Any vehicle towing a trailer or caravan is subject to a reduction in the maximum permitted speed.

Motorways which pass through towns have an 80 km per hour restriction.

There are occasions when the maximum permitted speed can be exceeded for overtaking, but these are very rare conditions which are explained in a separate article.

With the vehicles surrounding us becoming increasingly advanced, the smoothness of the ride can lead to a false sense of security when it comes to speed. It is important to monitor your speedo at all times when driving, as it is easy to become complacent and not realise the speed which your vehicle is travelling.

As one of the main contributing factors to road traffic incidents, it is also one that we can control ourselves, and thus reduce the risks to everybody, making the roads safer for all.

### Bikers, Pedestrians and Motorists Killed this Weekend

There has been numerous road traffic incidents reported throughout the weekend, involving buses, cars, motorcycles and pedestrians, in the provisional count between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.

The first major incident of the weekend occurred on Saturday on the MA-10 road in Mallorca as it passed through the town of Sóller. This incident involved two motorcyclists. One biker was killed and another injured when they were in a collision with a bus.

On Saturday night, a 29 year old woman was killed in an incident on an industrial estate in Barcelona when two vehicles collided head on. Three other people were injured in the crash.

In La Coruña, a pedestrian was killed when hit by a vehicle on the N-547 passing through O Pino. The woman was walking with a group of people on teh Camino de Santiago when she was struck by a vehicle.

There was a two-vehicle crash on the M-607 road in Manzanares, el Real, on Sunday in which two people were killed and another three injured; two of those are in a serious condition in hospital. A helicopter transported the most seriously injured to hospital.



Also on Sunday, again on the island of Mallorca, a passenger car left the road on the MA-19, in the Llucmajor area, causing one fatality and another person being injured.

Meanwhile, seven people were injured when two buses collided on Sunday on the A-318, in the Úbeda area of Jaén. The two vehicles remained in the road for some time until they could be moved.

In Cartagena on Sunday a woman was injured on Paseo Alfonso XIII. The emergency services received a call reporting a car had left the road and crashed. The woman was treated at the scene and then taken to St Lucia hospital.

It has been a bad weekend for pedestrians. A ten year old boy was knocked down in the centre of Alicante on Saturday, when a car hit the child who was on a pedestrian crossing. The driver of the Opel Astra admitted that he had not seen the child on the crossing, on account of a badly parked vehicle on the crossing blocking his view. The child was struck and did a somersault through the air, landing on the road, but was lucky to have not been seriously injured. The driver of the car was shocked by the incident and unable to move for about an hour; as a result the vehicle was taken away by a grua for safety reasons.

A child under the age of 15 was not quite so lucky when he was hit by a car in Barcelona. A driver who was leaving a car park lost control of the vehicle and struck a container, then crashing into the child who was killed at the scene.

 

### DGT Denies Number Plates and Insurance for Bicycles

The Dirección General de Tráfico has this week vehemently denied plans to implement registration and insurance for bicycles, and has deplored the “deliberate misrepresentation” being made in relation to the a meeting held last week at the Centre for Road Traffic Education in Salamanca.



The DGT says that the aim of the meeting was to bring together social agents, associations and institutions linked to the world of cycling to see firsthand the different visions of the alleged proposal that have been circulating.

However, in the meeting, the DGT made it quite clear that they have no intention of implementing any such scheme.

Despite one initial obstruction to the proceedings, the meeting was said to have gone well and the findings showed that the vast majority of groups agree on the need to develop a strategic plan for the bicycle, with the participation of administrations, associations and groups of cyclists, to define the basic guidelines.

The need for voluntary training for cyclists was discussed, along with plans to evaluate the inclusion of cover in personal or home insurance, also voluntary, with coverage for cyclists. However, even the discussion relating to insurance was focused around voluntary options rather than forced compliance.

The strategic plan would need to appraise and enhance the use of bicycles as a mode of transport and form guidelines and indicators for evaluation and monitoring. These indicators will focus on aspects such as energy costs, mobility, health, employment, traffic and infrastructure, always in connection with the municipalities, companies in the bicycle sector, universities and other institutions concerned.

To develop the plan, the appropriateness of entrusting the task to the working wroup, “Grupo de Trabajo 44”, set up within the Higher Council for Traffic and Road Safety and Sustainable Mobility of the DGT, to which new participants can be added at any time.

To ensure safe and sustainable mobility requires that minimum training standards be established, not only for cyclists, but for all users of the public highway. These contents will focus on the following areas:

	Paradigm shift: motorization to safe, sustainable and healthy mobility.
	Social values ​​applied to mobility and peaceful coexistence among all road users.
	Vulnerable groups in both mobility and social risk, being incorporated crosswise.

The training is presented as voluntary, encouraged by policy incentives and bonuses, and supported by the network of collaborators with diffusion capacity.

The training is not limited to formally and can be educational, but also must be encouraged in non-formal contexts such as companies, associations, local authorities, etc.

Importantly stakeholders who provide this training must have experience in the use and handling of the bike in different environments.

For safe mobility for cyclists possible solutions will be sought with the applicability conditioned to the characteristics of the infrastructure, but in any case ensuring the peaceful coexistence.

The possibility for the suggested voluntary inclusion in personal or home insurance coverage will be proposed for riders in the case of theft or accident.

Numerous groups attended the conference and took part in representing each of their particular sectors. These groups were:

	Asociación en Bici por Madrid
	Biciclot
	Asociación de Marcas y Bicicletas de España (AMBE)
	Federación de Ciclismo Castilla y León
	Ciclista Profesional
	Federación Española de Municipios y Provincias
	INTRAS
	CNAE
	Proyecto educativo Stars
	Aula de la bici
	Fundación Mapfre
	Línea Directa Aseguradora
	Valencia Con Bici
	Revista Ciclosfera
	Área Movilidad Ayto. Sevilla
	Área Movilidad Ayto. Madrid
	Ministerio de Educación
	Ayto. de Santa Eulalia
	Ciudades que caminan
	Educación Zamora
	CRIE de Zamora
	Bici escuela de Alicante
	Muévete en Bici
	Consejería de Educación de la Xunta de Galicia
	ETRASA
	Asociación B-612
	La bicicleta en la escuela. Zaragoza
	Asociación Con bici
	DGT

### Offensive Posters Arrested

Officers from Guardia Civil have begun criminal proceedings against two individuals who posted insulting and defamatory statements on social network sites following the death of a traffic officer in Jumilla last week.



The two people, who are residents of the Murcia town of Cehegín and aged 19 and 36, are being charged for their activities which are being dealt with as hate crimes.

The investigation began on the 3rd of June when the officers became aware of comments being made in reference to images published in a newspaper article which were considered to be offensive and graphic.

José Fernando Almagro was a 42 year old officer who was killed in the line of duty whilst on his way to assist in a traffic incident. His motorcycle was struck by a van coming in the opposite direction and he was killed at the scene. He was married with two children.

The charge of a crime of causing serious injury through advertising has seen the pair before the magistrate’s court at Caravaca de la Cruz.

### Motorbikes - Pillion Passenger Rules

As most seasoned riders will know, carrying a passenger on a motorbike poses a whole range of risks, as the dynamics of the bike change with the added weight and shape of the extra load, which subsequently changes the handling and ride from what the rider might be used to.



Carrying a pillion passenger in Spain is legal, but the law has recently changed and it is now more restrictive as to who can be carried and by whom.

Article 12 of the Reglamento General Circulación details with the rules for cycles, mopeds and motorcycles.

Point 2 explains that on mopeds and motorcycles, a passenger can be carried on a motorcycle, so long as that passenger is 12 years of age or older and that the rider has a full license for the vehicle and the vehicle itself is suitable for carrying passengers. Police motorcycles for example are professionally adapted as single seat vehicles. You can only carry one passenger if there is a seat available. The rider and passenger are both obliged to wear an approved crash helmet, with the straps securely fastened.

Police motorcycles are professionally adapted as single seat vehicles.

The passenger is also required to straddle the vehicle and have both feet flat on the footrests and use the appropriate seat behind the driver. If the passenger´s feet don´t reach the footrests correctly, they cannot be carried. In no case is it permitted for a passenger to sit between the driver and the handlebars of the motorcycle or moped.

In no case is it permitted for a passenger to sit between the driver and the handlebars of the motorcycle or moped

There is an exception to the rule of age, as a child of 7 or above can rise as a passenger being driven by their parent, guardian or person authorised by them, provided all other requirements are met.

In any case, the rider has to be 18 years of age or above in order to be allowed to carry a pillion passenger, including children.

If the passenger´s feet don´t reach the footrests correctly, they cannot be carried.

Depending on your own insurance policy, you may also need additional cover in order to carry passengers, so check our policy before you do.
REGLAMENTO GENERAL CIRCULACIÓN.

Artículo 12 Normas relativas a ciclos, ciclomotores y motocicletas

	Los ciclos que, por construcción, no puedan ser ocupados por más de una persona podrán transportar, no obstante, cuando el conductor sea mayor de edad, un menor de hasta siete años en asiento adicional que habrá de ser homologado.
	En los ciclomotores y en las motocicletas, además del conductor y, en su caso, del ocupante del sidecar de éstas, puede viajar, siempre que así conste en su licencia o permiso de circulación, un pasajero que sea mayor de 12 años, utilice casco de protección y cumpla las siguientes condiciones:
	a) Que vaya a horcajadas y con los pies apoyados en los reposapiés laterales.
	b) Que utilice el asiento correspondiente detrás del conductor.

En ningún caso podrá situarse el pasajero en lugar intermedio entre la persona que conduce y el manillar de dirección del ciclomotor o motocicleta.

	
Excepcionalmente, los mayores de siete años podrán circular en motocicletas o ciclomotores conducidos por su padre, madre o tutor o por personas mayores de edad por ellos autorizadas, siempre que utilicen casco homologado y se cumplan las prescripciones del apartado anterior (artículo 11.4 del texto articulado).

### International Activities of the Guardia Civil

We may know them as the men and women in green uniforms who police areas of Spain, fighting crime, tackling criminals, carrying out rescue missions up mountains or out at sea, or issuing fines when we break traffic laws, but what is not really known about the Guardia Civil is their international work and their presence they have around the globe.

Unlike the police in the UK, for example, the Guardia Civil of Spain are a militarised body. As such, they travel around the world to serve in the same way as any other unit of the army, navy or air force. Therefore, in recognition of Armed Forces Day, which is celebrated on the 6th of June, we thought we would offer you an insight into some of their activities abroad.

Francisco Morales, a serving traffic officer based in Torrevieja, along with some of his colleagues who first set up the N332 project for road safety, were posted in Lebanon for a six month tour.



They were based in the international Spanish base named after historically famed author, "Miguel de Cervantes", on the border between Lebanon and Israel.



Serving as Military Police, they would carry out many of the same activities as other service personnel, but in addition they would also carry out the duties of traffic police officers, investigating and reporting on incidents to report back to the United Nations.



Their primary role was to enforce the UN traffic law in the area, which was only applied to the UN vehicles and drivers who were involved in the action there. Many of these traffic related activities were just like during civilian life, carrying out breathalyzer tests, speed tests and even check points to ensure that soldiers do not carry illegal items in the UN vehicles.



As well as law enforcement, the teams also carry out protection duties, including escorting convoys when they visit towns, so a vast knowledge of the local area is crucial to ensure that alternatives routes can be set up in the event of an incident or road closure.



They carry out security details to escort high profile personnel visiting the area, including escorts to public events, such as visiting local towns and meetings between dignitaries.



In fact, their roles are much the same as when they are on duty in civilian areas, with the added danger of conflict zones and military life adding to their tasks.

In all international missions where Spanish troops have a presence, there is always a group of Guardia Civil officers who change their green uniform to military, and live as soldiers during the 6 months of each posting.



It wasn´t all about the work however, there were many activities that the team performed to assist the local communities. For example, in their free time, some of the Guardia Civil officers took it upon themselves to run Spanish classes for the local population. Lots of the locals were keen to learn or improve their languages so that they were able to sell their goods to the foreign troops who were based in the area.



Beneath the surface of those green uniforms are a group of men and women who dedicate their lives to serve others. Tragically, many pay the ultimate price for their loyalty, which is why any death in service is treated with the utmost respect. With courage and honour they serve, and whilst we may not always appreciate their daily activities, we can at least see a little more about what goes on behind the scenes and why every single person who serves also deserves that same respect, as when we are facing the worst of times, situations or incidents, we can always guarantee that they are the ones who come running to our aid.

There are a number of videos available that showcase the global activities of the Guardia Civil.

International Missions of the Guardia Civil:



Guardia Civil in Afghanistan:



In terms of the global commitment, the General Director of the Guardia Civil summed up the effort that the troops contribute to in a speech that closed the IV European Union Police Services Training conference.
All our police services share a common purpose, to ensure security for our fellow citizens. But security cannot be achieved if our efforts are confined to our borders. In the global world in which we live, where borders fade away, the distance is shortened and information is known around the world within seconds, things happening in other countries, no matter how far away, affect our security.

Therefore, we have to assume two responsibilities, to ensure security and to help our allies. We cannot escape from this, because if we do, we would not be complying with our mission.

Present-day conflicts are very complex and have direct and indirect effects on our society and on that of our friendly and allied countries. The number of actors is high and the network of relations is extremely complicated.

A comprehensive approach needs to be made of the existing and potential threats in order to properly curtail them. Otherwise, failure will be guaranteed, instability will remain and the suffering of people will be perpetuated.

However, we cannot forget that ensuring peace to stabilize a region is more important than a military victory. That is why states must have the capabilities needed to implement the full range of civilian crisis management to ensure success. And here is where Police Services have a fundamental role.

As the police contingents that take part are normally multinational, to ensure better efficiency, the procedures must be harmonized and there must be better cohesion and interoperability between the police services that, at some point, could be deployed to missions under the auspices of United Nations, the European Union, the African Union or any other international security and defence organisation. That was the purpose of this course.

Many of you here today and the countries you represent have already taken part in this type of missions and have experience in this field, so the interchange of experience has helped us all to further enrich our knowledge and that of the institutions we belong to.

As an example of the firm commitment of the Guardia Civil to contribute to international security, I wish to emphasize our participation in the EUCAP SAHEL Niger mission to enhance the capabilities to fight terrorism and organised crime in Sahel, under the command of an officer of the Guardia Civil, Brigadier General Francisco Espinosa Navas.

The course has been carried out in these premises of de Rural Action Unit (UAR), a counterterrorism and special training unit with a long standing history that has helped to successfully fight the blemish of terrorism and has played an excellent role in international missions in Afghanistan, Haiti and Lebanon.

### Tow Bars and the Law

If you need to tow a trailer with your vehicle, you will need to have a tow bar installed. However, in view of the serious implications of getting the installation wrong, it must only be done under certain conditions, in an authorised and qualified workshop and in compliance with the law.

In 2011, the law in Spain categorised tow bars. Prior to that date they were simply another accessory which could be added to the vehicle, but the new “anti-tuning” law standardised the European directive of 2007 which elevated the tow bar from an accessory to a “major reform”.

Therefore, all tow bars not only have to be of an approved and authorised type for the individual vehicle in question, they can only be fitted in certified workshops where a technical report can be issued, a requirement for the vehicle to pass its ITV inspection.

There are two types of tow bars, a fixed ball hook and a removable ball latch. The fixed ball hook, as its name suggests, does not disassemble and any form of manipulation is forbidden. In view of the installation procedures in order to ensure the legality of the tow bar, any action on the tow bar would be considered a manipulation of a major reform, which can only be done legally in a workshop.

A fixed ball hook

The removable ball latch is, as the name suggests, detachable and consists of a fixed element and an easily removable part, which may be semi-automatic or by a thread, or by automatic pressure and ball rotation. There are other removable tow bars which can be retracted into the vehicle, but these form an integral part of the construction.

A removable ball latch

When tow bars are not in use, they can pose a hazard to other road users, as any protrusion from the vehicle can cause damage, such as when reversing into a parking space, especially as the tow bar is not visible, and interferes with the shape and design of the vehicle´s safety features and can cause considerable damage in the event of a rear-end collision.

That said, as we have already mentioned, a fixed ball hook cannot be manipulated in any way and therefore cannot be removed (unless done on a permanent basis by a qualified mechanic), and so there is no legal requirement to remove the tow bar when not in use. Similarly, the very design of a removable tow bar does not constitute a legal requirement to remove it either, although you may choose to do for your own safety.

There is a legal requirement however that no tow bar, fixed or removable, can interfere with the visibility of rear elements of the vehicle, namely the number plate and lights. Article 9 of the Ley de Seguridad Vial ensures that these items must be visible at all times and not obscured.

It is also important to remember that only officially approved tow bars are permitted in Spain and only for the purpose of towing a trailer (including caravans). The use of ropes, A-Frames and vehicle-to-vehicle towing bars or any other unapproved devices are not permitted by law.

### Traffic Officer Injured Assisting Broken Down Vehicle

A Guardia Civil traffic officer was injured on Wednesday in the Canillas de Abajo area, when assisting a motorist who had broken down.



The incident occurred at 11:00 on the A-62 in the Salamanca direction when the officer went to assist the stranded motorist.

As the officer approached the vehicle the radiator exploded and sprayed antifreeze into his face, resulting in him ingesting some of the toxic material.

Medics treated the 40 year old officer at the scene before transferring him to the hospital in the city of Salamanca for further treatment.

### Clock Ticking for UK License Paper Counterpart

Holders of UK driving licenses are being brought up to date as the paper counterpart of the license is being retired, becoming obsolete from the 8th of June.



This will affect the ability to share information on information such as penalty points, which may be required in order to hire a car or in some cases for employment, but will mean that your data is now more protected than ever and that you are in more control of who gets to see that information.

The photocard license was introduced in the UK in 1998, aimed at providing a more uniformed approach to identification on the roads, although they were issued with a paper counterpart which accompanied the photocard.

It is the paper counterpart which is being retired. That means that anybody who might want to have access to the information on the counterpart will no longer be able to access the information without your approval.

Employers on the other hand may need to see if you have points on your license as it may affect their insurance policy in the event of you driving a fleet vehicle, for example. The same may apply in the event of hiring a car.

However, you can obtain a short-term equivalent of the counterpart, a “license check code” which is valid for a period of 72 hours and can be used to provide the information to those you choose.

You can obtain the information by visiting the website, www.viewdrivingrecord.service.gov.uk, providing your driving licence number, post code and national insurance number.

The UK Government explains, this service replaces the paper counterpart of your licence from 8 June 2015. You should use your paper counterpart until then.

You can use this service to:

	view your driving record, eg vehicles you can drive, penalty points and disqualifications
	create a licence check code to share your driving record with someone else, eg your employer or a car hire company

The check code will allow someone to see what vehicles you can drive, any penalty points or disqualifications, your name and the last 8 characters of your driving licence number.

You can’t use this service:

	if your licence was issued in Northern Ireland
	to check the progress of a licence application
	to check historical information, eg expired penalty points or old driving licence entitlements

If you are a resident in Spain and have already converted your license to a Spanish one, you are already able to benefit from computerisation. If, for example, a traffic officer stops you, simply inputting your NIE from your license into their PDA will reveal all of the relevant information the officer needs. A police officer does not need to know how many points you have on your license for example, during a check of your documentation, all the officer needs to know is if you are legally able to drive or not.

If you are a resident in Spain and have not yet converted to a Spanish license, you have a limited time to do so. Your license is not only linked to your NIE here in Spain but also your address. Your license must be linked to your permanent residence. Recent legislation which means traffic offences are enforceable across Europe also mean that there is no escape from action if you are caught breaking the law in any member state country.

The UK is one of a few countries that were given an extension before their computerised systems were compatible with the rest of Europe, this latest change is working towards that goal, although having been in use since 1998, many might argue that it should and could have been done sooner.

That said however, within the UK, paper driving licences issued before the photocard was introduced in 1998 will remain valid, although you will run into difficulties abroad.

In case there is any doubt as to the reasons behind the change, the UK government themselves still offer advice about the reasons behind the process.

Photocard licences were introduced as a result of an EU directive requiring all member states to issue driving licences in a card format which contains the licence holder's image and signature. There are many benefits that photocard driving licences offer, including:

	allowing member state licence holders freedom to move around many European countries
	a more secure format which reduces the opportunity for misrepresentation
	ensuring that the person obtaining a provisional licence, taking the test and obtaining a full driving licence is one and the same
	a cut in impersonation at driving tests
	ensuring that the person obtaining the licence is old enough to do so
	minimising the chances of a person holding more than one licence, either by accident or design

### 112 Emergency Calls

If you are unfortunate to find yourself in a life threatening situation, whatever your emergency, be it the need for the police, fire, ambulance, coastguard, one number is all you need from any fixed or mobile phone, the number 112.



During the month of May, the 112 Emergency Coordination Centre for the Valencia region handled 264,635 calls, and managed a total of 54 496 incidents.

Of the total number of incidents managed, 27 652 were in the province of Valencia, 20,312 in Alicante and 5,916 in Castellon, the remaining 616 from neighbouring regions which were transferred to the appropriate emergency centres.

The majority of incidents were health related, with 32,268 calls, followed by 8,188 incidents relating to public safety. There were 2,490 traffic related incidents, 1,739 fires and 1,353 related to the environment.

The 112 number is a European wide initiative and your call can be dealt with in your own native language. For example, in May, the Valencia centre dealt with 1,358 incidents which were reported in other languages, 705 of which were in English, 114 in German and 83 in French. Perhaps not surprising given the diverse foreign population on the Costa Blanca, the majority of foreign language calls were from the province of Alicante, where 842 calls were dealt with.

Although the 112 number is a European standard, it also has far wider use. In North America for example, dialling 112 will automatically transfer your emergency call to their domestic emergency number. The same applies in Australia.

The 112 number is also standard on mobile phones and will work even if the phone is locked.

The numbers were first chosen as being beneficial partly because using two different numbers reduced the possibility of accidental dialling. It was for this reason that the German police changed their emergency number to force a different key press, for example.

Another benefit was for the old style rotary diallers. Many phone owners chose to lock the dial to prevent misuse, by putting the lock in hole number 3 meant that the emergency number could still be dialled by anybody without a key.

Whatever your emergency and wherever you might be, the one number to remember is 112, because your call will always be answered and dealt with by a team of professionals, in your own language, who will coordinate the emergency, whatever it might be.

The only other piece of advice which needs to be considered is to know where you are if possible. Giving as much location information to the call operator will make for a quicker response.

### New Car Sales Increasing

Sales of new cars in Spain rose by 14% in May, compared to the same period in 2014, according to data released on Monday by the Association of Car Manufacturers, ANFAC.



Car sales have risen for 21 consecutive months, partly attributed to subsidy plans implemented by the government which offers money off new vehicles in exchange for older ones.

Plan PIVE 8 was extended in early March, the benefits of which are now set to have been enjoyed by over a million vehicle purchasers.

So far this year, 443,919 new vehicles have been registered, a 21.7% increase on last year.

### Luxury Car Crushed in Street Race

A car driver is lucky to be alive, although quite possibly feeling somewhat unlucky, having been caught out on Sunday after being involved in a crash whilst participating in an illegal street race with a motorbike.

What makes this incident stand out more than most is that the car that crashed was a bright yellow Ferrari, which ended its race with considerable front end damage.



The incident occurred in the area of La Carrasqueta, to the south of Alcoi, in an area renowned for illegal street racing.



Street racing is illegal and hefty fines are levied on those caught partaking in such activities, although the consequences for such reckless behaviour can reach far further than the pocket, with deaths and serious injuries all too frequently the result.

### Tourist Robbers Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested nine people, eight of them male and one woman, all aged between 22 and 42 and of Romanian nationality, believed to be involved in a series of robberies from foreign travellers arriving at Alicante-Elche and Murcia San Javier airports.



The information released on Monday reveals that the arrests occurred late last month in the towns of Guardamar del Segura and Formentera after the investigation began in April when officers became aware of a series of robberies with similarities.

The gang would track and follow their victims, mainly early in the evening, using rental vehicles that frequently changed, thus hindering surveillance. Upon following their victims to their destination the gang would then rob them of their belongings, often unseen.

During the course of the investigation officers identified the group as being responsible for robberies on the Orihuela Costa, Torrevieja, Algorfa, San Miguel de Salinas, Calpe and La Manga del Mar Menor.

During the raids of the homes the officers recovered several bags, a mobile phone and 1,150 euro in cash that corresponded to items stolen in robberies.

The detainees have been brought before the courts in Orihuela for processing.

### Happy Birthday to the UK Driving Test

Today is the 80th birthday of the driving test, so road safety and breakdown organisation GEM Motoring Assist has gathered a few fun facts to help us mark this important road safety milestone.



GEM chief executive David Williams commented: “The driving test has had a positive and significant impact on road safety from its very first days. A year after it was made compulsory in 1935, road deaths in the UK fell by 1,000.

“OK, many of us will recall feelings of dread, apprehension and worry when it comes to the test – and it has certainly occupied its place in British comedies and sit-coms, but we should be proud of the consistency and high standards which have been its hallmarks over the decades.

“The challenge for the future is to ensure the test evolves to take account of the risks and hazards in the vehicles and on the roads of the future, so that new generations of drivers can demonstrate the same high standards that have been required up to now,” he said.

Here are GEM’s fun facts about the test:

	246,000 candidates put themselves forward for a driving test in 1935, the first year of compulsory testing. The fee was seven shillings and sixpence, and the pass rate was 63 per cent.
	Today, the test centre with the highest pass rate is Gairloch in Scotland. In 2014, 16 people took their test here and just one failed, giving a pass rate of 93.8 per cent.
	Outside Scotland, Whitby in North Yorkshire has a pass rate of 65.4 per cent and Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, boasts 65.5 per cent.
	Belvedere in London lays claim to the lowest pass rate, with merely a whisker over 30 per cent of candidates finding success.
	Rock legend Ozzy Osbourne took 19 goes to pass his driving test.
	It was only in 1975 that candidates could complete the test without the requirement to demonstrate arm signals.
	In 1995, Pass Plus was introduced to offer further post-test training.
	The average pass rate of the theory test is just 51 per cent; that’s down from 65 per cent in 2007.
	The record for the number of tests taken currently stands at 36
	A 26-year-old woman from Southwark, London, failed her theory test at the 90th attempt in November 2010 – meaning she forked out nearly £3,000 before even gaining the right to sit a practical test.

Around the world

GEM has been taking a look at what’s required to gain a driver’s licence in other countries:

	Legislation introduced in Russia at the beginning of this year means transsexual and transgender people, fetishists, exhibitionists and voyeurs, as well as pathological gamblers and compulsive thieves no longer qualify for driving licences.
	In Brazil, you have to pass a psychological exam before obtaining a licence.  Learners are also taught techniques for escaping from potentially life-threatening situations.
	Spain’s Highway Code is believed to be Europe’s most in-depth driving rule book, with three times as many rules as in the UK. However, the practical driving test is described as a ‘group excursion’. Spain has one of the highest road mortality rates in Europe.
	In China, you may be asked to explain to your examiner what to do if your car plunges into water.
	In Pakistan, the practical test involves one simple task: driving through a short course of cones. There is an 80% pass rate.
	Mexico has no test. Simply buy a licence for 626 pesos (£28).
	In Japan, you can fail your test if you do not bend low enough to check the underside of your car for concealed cats.

Follow GEM on Twitter @MotoringAssist for the latest industry news.

### Choosing Workshops and Garages

The key to safer driving not only lies in the hands of those on the roads, but also in the hands of those responsible for carrying out work on our vehicles.

Although the authorities do everything they can to close them down, there are still many garages and workshops that are not authorised to carry out any form of vehicle repair, and although many of them do a good job perhaps for less money, there are many who put all road users at risk.



An illegal workshop is a fraudulent business model, often conducted on unlicensed premises, and often without the requisite regulatory permits, access to technical information on vehicles or the approval from vehicle manufactures to carry out repairs. They often also fail to comply with health and safety and environmental legislation and often carry out work without issuing invoices and without any form of guarantee.

The frightening fact is that according to official sources, although no official figures exist, it is estimated that 20% of workshops across Spain are currently operating without the relevant licenses. A situation exacerbated by the economic crisis, which has led many consumers to turn to these fraudulent workshops, attracted by lower prices, without being fully aware of the consequences.

Inferior work, low price and unofficial parts, cheap labour and a lack of guarantee all undermine the rights of a consumer, and is a practice punishable by law.



On the other hand, legal and approved workshops have the necessary machinery and the right tools for repairs, access to the most up to date technical information for vehicle, they only use approved and traceable spare parts, guarantee repairs through the production of an invoice and provide continuous training for their employees.

Therefore, only the legal establishments can ensure proper handling of the vehicle, resulting in increased road safety by reducing the risk of accidents.

The technical information of the vehicle provides the guidelines set by the manufacturer to ensure proper handling and repair, minimizing risks, ensuring optimal performance and extending its life. Only legally established workshops have access to this guide to ensure proper repairs of each model vehicle.

The traceability of parts refers to garages being able to ensure the origin. In a legally established workshop the consumer can be sure that the piece is approved, which is required for that type of car that has all manufacturer warranties. In illegal workshops where it is not traceable, installed parts can have very varied origins including from crashed or scrapped vehicles and sometimes through theft.

Due to the increasing complexity of vehicles it is essential that mechanics attend training courses that are held periodically that provide the guidelines for the proper repair of all types of vehicles. The mechanics are quickly outdated if they do not receive these courses, which only legal workers can have access to.

The question of course is how does one identify an illegal workshop? Unfortunately, they are not always easy to recognise, but there are some tell-tale signs to look out for.

A legal workshop will always provide a printed quote for work in advance, and will also provide an invoice and guarantee afterwards.

Illegal workshops are usually in places where they work behind closed doors, sometimes in garages of private homes, sometimes even in the street.

The most important clue of all is that official and legally approved workshops have a nameplate granted by the Ministry of Industry and are required to display this plate at the property entrance. Illegal workshops will have no such accreditation displayed.

The nameplate will display a variety of information relating to the work that can be done at the workshop. For example, the top part of the plate will display the type of work which can be done on the premises. A picture of a wrench indicates mechanics, a jagged arrow indicates electrics, a hammer is for bodywork and a spray gun for painting.

Halfway up, on the left are icons which indicate areas of expertise, such as wheels and tyres, radiators or injection engines for example. To the right, an image will be displayed if the workshop is authorised to repair motorcycles.

Finally, at the bottom of the plate, there is a space which will display the provincial hallmark and the official registration number of the workshop as provided by the Ministry of Industry.



Although it will be difficult to ensure your complaints are heard in the event of using an illegal workshop, there is a way of reporting your suspicions to the authorities to investigate and take action against illegal operators. This can be done on the website of the confederation of Spanish workshops. CETRAA, at www.cetraa.com/sala-de-denuncia

In 2014, CETRAA dealt with more than 340 complaints received through the website, ensuring a safer practice for all in the future.

### Tragic Weekend for Motorcyclists

After the news of the tragic death of a Guardia Civil motorcyclist this weekend, two other bikers have lost their lives on the roads of Spain this weekend, in the provisional count from the DGT between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.

The first incident occurred on Saturday in Málaga when a motorcyclist was killed on a conventional road, the cause of the crash being attributed to inappropriate speed.



The second incident also occurred on Saturday when a second motorcyclist was killed on the Balearic Islands, also on a conventional road.

Meanwhile, two bikers were seriously injured on Saturday night on their way to Salamanca and had to be taken to hospital as a result of their injuries.

Also on Saturday, a mechanic was killed on the A-2 road in Madrid when he was repairing a truck´s wheel when the tyre exploded in his face, killing him on impact.

A man surrendered himself to police on Sunday after initially fleeing the scene of a collision with a pedestrian resulting in the victim, a man who was walking his dog, being killed in the impact. It is believed that the driver had been drinking which is why he first fled the scene.

There was a lucky escape for passengers on a bus in Antequera, Málaga, when their vehicle spun out of control and crashed, although luckily nobody was injured.

There was also a lucky escape for a dear during the weekend when it became trapped in fencing. Rescuers managed to free it from the fence and release it back to its home, much to its obvious delight.

### Alcohol and Drugs Checks This Week

This week, there will be an intensified safety campaign on the roads of Spain, focusing on one of the main contributors to vehicle incidents, alcohol and drugs.



The campaign will run from Monday through to Sunday with Guardia Civil officers out in force on the roads, carrying out random spot checks, as well as creating special drug and alcohol checkpoints.

According to statistics from the DGT, alcohol is present as a concurrent or triggering factor in a third of all fatal accidents. Their presence can multiply the risk of an incident by up to 15 times.

There has been a significant decrease in the percentage of positive tests between 2001 and 2013, down from 5% to 1.7% in that time, although the aim is to reach a figure of below 1% of drivers at the checkpoints. In 2014 there were 46,000 more tests conducted than the previous year, with a 13.6% reduction in positive results. 

Drug use on the other hand had seen an increase, although new legislation has meant harsher penalties, and so the impact on reducing the use of drugs by drivers is starting to improve, with figures showing some 11% of drivers tested were on some kind of banned substance, with cannabis and cocaine the two substances most frequently found.

Regardless of the effect on drivers, alcohol and drugs also pose a risk to pedestrians, mainly in urban areas, which makes the participation of all municipalities in this Special Campaign of extraordinary importance.

Spain has one of the lowest permitted alcohol rates in Europe, significantly lower than the UK for example, although the only real safe amount of alcohol to consume before driving is zero.

The legal alcohol limit is in general 0.25 mg/l (or 0.15 mg/l if you are a learner driver / professional drivers). If the amount of alcohol exceeds this limit, the driver will be heavily fined and lose several points.

In the event such amount of the breathalyzer exceeds 0.60 mg/l, the driver becomes subject to a criminal proceeding and will be arrested.

A blood test is only available when you have completed the standard test and you disagree with the result. Refusal to co-operate is also considered a criminal offence.

Remember, the responsibility for alcohol and drug consumption lies with the driver and the only safe limit is zero.

The fines for being caught are significant, but the worst result for driving after consuming alcohol or drugs is death, not only of the driver, but the passengers and other road users as well.

### Towing Different Types of Trailers

Trailers fall into two distinctive categories when it comes to classifying them for normal use on the roads of Spain, those below 750kg and those above 750kg maximum weight.

A small trailer, or “Remolque Ligero”, which has a maximum weight less than 750kg does not have to be registered. You must however clearly display the number plate of the vehicle towing the trailer on the rear, which must also be a certified style of number plate, and must have lights fitted which repeat the actions displayed by the towing vehicle.



A larger trailer, which also includes caravans, with a maximum weight over 750kg kilograms, the “Remolque Pesado”, is a different altogether. Firstly, it has to be registered as a separate vehicle and must have its own “Permiso de Circulación”, or log book. It must also have its own registration plate, which is red in colour, and this must be displayed on the rear of the vehicle. This type of trailer is also subject to mandatory testing at an ITV station, and the ITV documents must also be carried with the vehicle. It must also display the number plate of the towing vehicle and have lights on the rear that repeat what the towing vehicle is doing.



There are a couple of points to remember when towing a trailer. Your view of the road must not be obscured, which includes the view in your mirrors. All number plates must be of an officially recognised and certified form, handwritten numbers on cardboard for example are not permitted. If you are towing any form of trailer, you must also carry a fire extinguisher with you in the vehicle.

This image shows the correct way of displaying the number plates on a larger trailer.

### Guardia Civil Officer Killed in Crash

A Guardia Civil traffic officer was killed on Friday when the motorcycle he was riding was in a head-on collision with a van.



The incident occurred in the Altiplano area, between Yecla and Jumilla.



The emergency services were notified that the victim was unconscious, lying in the road and had a weak pulse. Medical staff attended but could do nothing to save the life of the officer who died in the line of duty.



José Fernando Almagro was 42 years of age, married and had three children. He was based in the traffic department of the Guardia Civil in Cieza.

### Avoiding Road Rage

The UK based Institute of Advanced Motorists has issued a helpful guide on how to avoid "Road Rage". The advice is equally valid anywhere, and is something all drivers should be aware of.



As a driver, experiencing someone else’s road rage is something that scares many. With the correct frame of mind and a bit of planning, you can easily avoid this unpleasant situation from ever happening to you.

In this week’s driving tips IAM head of driving standards Peter Rodger talks about how to avoid becoming a road rage victim, and what to do if it does escalate.

The first point is that with any conflict between two parties, both are likely to have played a part. So try to take yourself away from the problem – let the other driver go on ahead. You might feel wronged, but letting the other party go will make no difference to the rest of your day.

If someone is being confrontational or aggressive, don’t make eye contact and don’t react visibly. And in your own mind, try to think about a different subject as quick as you can, so that the incident doesn’t affect you afterwards.

If the conflict is more serious and other processes aren’t working; call the police, especially if you feel there is a threat or possibility of violence against you.

As mentioned earlier, a sure way of remaining calm in this situation is to put this incident in the context of your day. How big a part is this compared to your other activities?

You might feel frustrated, but letting it go is the best course of action.

If the other party approaches you in your car, can you drive away safely? If you can, consider doing so.  But don’t rush off and drive like the getaway driver in a film, or drive off if you think the other driver is going to chase you.

If you or better, your passengers, can film any behaviour on your mobile phone it will help in terms of evidence, including the registration number of the other vehicle involved. Don’t open your door, don’t open your windows fully and don’t start or get provoked into an argument.

If you were at fault, admit it and apologise. It may be enough to diffuse the situation quickly. And do not do anything that can be interpreted as retaliation.  Even if you weren’t at fault is the argument really worth it?

Hopefully by now the matter is over and you are driving away. Do acknowledge that this incident will have affected your behaviour. If you feel upset or emotional pull over and get some fresh air or walk around if you need to before resuming your journey.

Again find some distraction, like listening to the radio - move your mind deliberately onto something else – deliberately driving well would be a good example – but don’t dwell on the incident.

Peter said: “Road rage does not affect everyone every day. If you’re finding it is happening very often, you might want to think about how you engage with other road users.

“Unlike pedestrians walking towards each other; who can easily get a feel of what the other person will do, where they might go or the mood they’re in, you have no such opportunities cocooned in your car.

“So it is important not to be antagonistic or obstructive, perhaps making a person already having a bad day boil over.”

He concluded: “No-one need experience road rage, but it us up to each of us to ensure it stays that way.”

### Weekend Clampdown on Mobile Phone Use

The DGT have launched a vigilance campaign that will run through this weekend in a number of key areas in the country, monitoring and raising awareness of the dangers of distractions whilst driving.



Along with alcohol and speed, distractions form the third most likely contributing factor in road traffic collisions, resulting in 69 deaths on the roads of Andalusia alone in 2014.

Using a mobile phone whilst driving quadruples the risk of being involved in an incident, largely due to the loss of ability to maintain a constant speed and safe distance from the vehicle in front, reducing the reaction time. The greatest number of distraction based incidents result in the vehicle colliding with something in front.

In addition to mobile phones, other factors also cause distractions. Everyday tasks such as lighting a cigarette, retuning the radio, changing a CD, children and even talking can all result in a loss of attention. In fact, recent studies show that smoking whilst driving increases the risk of an incident by 1.5 times, as an example.

Tiredness can also lead to distraction and loss of concentration, so ensuring plenty of rest before a drive is crucial.

In addition, other advice to avoid being a victim of distraction related incidents include not smoking or eating, maintaining a comfortable temperature in the vehicle, taking frequent rests breaks on long journeys, not using your mobile for calls, texts or browsing the internet.

Some music and entertainment systems have controls on the steering wheel, the advice with these is to be fully aware of what all the controls do and ensure you have the confidence to use them with the minimum of distraction, otherwise, just like on traditional radios and music players, the best advice is to program them before the journey.

Similarly, GPS and navigation systems should be programmed beforehand too. Although the use of navigational aids is perfectly legal in Spain, it is illegal to touch the screen whilst driving.

It is considered a serious offence to use a mobile phone, browser or other communication device whilst driving, punishable with a 200 euro fine and the loss of 3 points. The reason being that the stakes are much higher when you consider the number of deaths and serious injuries caused each year by distracted drivers, so the best advice is to focus on driving, and leave communication until you are stopped safely.

### Updated European Road Transport Guide Published

The Freight Transport Association has published the 20th annual edition of its ever popular European Road Transport Guide, providing information and advice for UK-based road transport operators moving goods to Europe and beyond.



The 450-page guide has new sections on Incoterms and Safe Loading, and the main updates include:

	Driving bans and public holiday information;
	Toll updates for selected routes using French and Italian motorways, and key Alpine tunnel tolls;
	Revision of Austrian tolls;
	Revision of all the ferry routes information by FTA’s ferry partner Freightlink Solutions Ltd;
	Major overhauls of the Belgium, Estonia, Netherlands and Switzerland country entries;
	Expansion of the Operations chapter and extra information in the reference section.

Don Armour, FTA’s International Manager and editor of the guide said:

“The European Road Transport Guide has been completely updated with all the information international operators need to successfully negotiate the confusing array of local and national regulations they face when operating in Europe and beyond.   The information is as up-to-date and relevant as possible to enable companies and their drivers to avoid problems and keep to their schedules when they are on international journeys.”

Companies in international membership of FTA receive a free copy of the guide as part of their subscription package and they can buy further copies for £35 each, no VAT.  The cost for non-international FTA members is £59 a copy and for non-members £79.00, with price reductions for multiple copies. Order online from Shopfta at www.shop.fta.co.uk or call 08717 11 11 11, quoting code 4055.

### Motorhomes: Parking or Camping?

In Spain, the law is quite clear, motorhomes and campers are not allowed to “camp” on the street. But the question arises as to what defines “camping”, and what is simply a vehicle which is “parked”, albeit of a larger size, in the same way that any other car or van may occupy a space on the road.

There is a distinct difference between “camping” and “parking”. If any of these actions are performed, the vehicle is considered to be “camping”.

	Emitting noise, such as by using a generator.
	Extending sun blinds and shades.
	Vehicle stabilisers or “feet” deployed.
	Emptying or disposing of fluids.
	Furniture such as tables and chairs placed outside the vehicle.
	Side or “swing” windows opened, protruding from the vehicle perimeter.

The above activities can only be conducted in authorised places, such as campsites.



There are activities that a motorhome or campervan can perform whilst stopped which do not fall into the category of camping, in which the normal traffic rules apply.

	Occupants inside the vehicle, eating or sleeping.
	Opening the skylight or rooftop window, as this does not protrude from the vehicle perimeter.
	Using wheel chocks on an incline.
	Turning the wheels so as they are secured against the kerb.

All of those activities are permitted, so long as the vehicle is correctly and legally parked. These activities also apply day or night.


CAPÍTULO VIII

Parada y estacionamiento

SECCIÓN 1

NORMAS GENERALES DE PARADAS Y ESTACIONAMIENTOS

Artículo 91 Modo y forma de ejecución

	La parada y el estacionamiento deberán efectuarse de tal manera que el vehículo no obstaculice la circulación ni constituya un riesgo para el resto de los usuarios de la vía, cuidando especialmente la colocación del vehículo y evitar que pueda ponerse en movimiento en ausencia del conductor

Artículo 93 Ordenanzas municipales

	
El régimen de parada y estacionamiento en vías urbanas se regulará por ordenanza municipal, y podrán adoptarse las medidas necesarias para evitar el entorpecimiento del tráfico.

### Removing Abandoned Vehicles

If the police have reason to believe that a car has been abandoned on the street, there is a procedure they can initiate to enforce to owner to confirm identity, before they can have the vehicle removed.



This procedure is different to the case of a vehicle which has been legally parked, this particular process is aimed at vehicles that are in a legal, convenient and safe place, but the police believe that they may simply be abandoned.

There are a number of reasons why an officer might think this, perhaps the vehicle is showing signs of damage for example, or maybe missing main components and has been parked in the same place for some time.

If there is sufficient evidence to suggest abandonment, the police will affix a sticker to the vehicle, advising the owner that there is reason to believe the vehicle has been abandoned.



The sticker is dated and the owner has 10 days in which to respond to the claim by confirming the status of the vehicle, or it will be removed to the municipal pound.



Remember though, this procedure is for abandoned vehicles which are seemingly legal other than the suspicion of their status, if you park illegally, your vehicle may be removed immediately.

### Parking Myths Busted

One of the latest rumours being circulated through social network sites relates to so-called “blue zones”, indicating areas in towns and cities which are controlled parking areas where a fee has to be paid to park.



Parking restrictions implemented by local authorities are organised by their own Ordenanza Reguladora de Aparcamiento, or ORA.

The rumour being distributed calls doubt on the legality of these ORA areas, and for that reason, explains how a vehicle owner not only has a way of avoiding paying the parking fee, can also avoid the subsequent fines for doing so.

Sadly though, in a world where a loophole may well result in a fortune in fees and fines, the rumours and speculation is entirely that, a rumour which has no basis in law and is therefore false.



The first myth that has been circulating is that the private companies have no authority to issue fines, and so any motorist is free to park, without paying, and without fear of repercussions. It is indeed true is that the company that controls the parking does not issue fines. They are mostly private companies who manage the service on behalf of the town hall, usually in exchange for a fee.

It is the local authority that is responsible for deciding if a penalty should be imposed on an illegally parked motorist, and therefore issues the fine. The private operators who monitor the areas report their findings to the authorities as part of their contractual obligations. The local authority then issues the subsequent fines.

Similarly, another myth is that any motorist who pays local road tax is legally entitled to park anywhere in the town without further payment. Again, this is not true. The municipalities are empowered to establish regulated parking areas and to assign the management of fines in those areas to private companies.

The rumour mill also suggests that the controlling companies have no right to issue the parking tickets and affix them to the windscreen. It is true that these documents are not what might be considered a sanction, but are in fact a notification of the fact that the vehicle has been reported for the offence named.

However, one thing that the parking attendants do not have whereas the police do is the presumption of truth. Therefore, appeals are dealt with without any prejudice to either side, and are processed as per the evidence presented.

An example of this might be a driver reported for exceeding the time regulated for parking, who is entitled to ask the complainant for evidence that an infringement has taken place and provide evidence to the contrary. And municipalities are required to consider such appeal, but remember as a matter of balance, both the complainant and the appellant have to produce the evidence.

However, the authorities are no more or less likely to appeal such penalties. In any case, each penalty is considered different and must be studied in depth if it is appealed, how and whether it is worth doing and the individual merits of each case.

To summarise, it is true that the private companies do not issue fines and simply report the infractions. In fact, anybody can report a vehicle for illegal parking. It is then up to the local authority to consider if there is sufficient evidence to issue a fine for actions contrary to their own local ordinances and other laws and road tax plays no part in these fines.

In short, wherever you might be, parking restrictions may well be in place, whether through the rules of the road or the local authority´s own rules. Always check if you can park and any restrictions that might be in place. Remember the rules of parking in a safe, convenient and legal manner, and forget the rumours that you might have heard on the internet, because if you are in the wrong and you get fined, you have to pay, so try to avoid the problem in the first place.

### Hit and Run Driver Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have presented a 31 year old Moroccan national to the courts, believed to be responsible for two hit and runs in Murcia.



The first incident occurred in Totana on the 17th of April when a 61 year old woman, of Ecuadorian nationality, has hit by a van on the RMD-22 road. The woman died as a result of the injuries sustained in the impact.

The investigation then revealed that the same suspect had been behind the wheel of another vehicle which hit a group of French cyclists on the RM D4 road in Mazarrón on the 24th of April. One of those cyclists, a 61 year old male, was killed in the collision and another two sustained injuries from the impact.

It was also found that both the vehicles had been stolen from farms near to both incidents.

Moreover, the man was also the alleged perpetrator of an assault on an 81 year old male in Mazarrón on the 23rd of April, during which the victim was knocked unconscious.

The suspect is known to the police and has been remanded in custody before appearing in court in Cartagena.

### Seven People Killed on the Roads this Weekend

A total of seven people have lost their lives, two of them cyclists, in six fatal incidents on Spanish roads this weekend, according to the provisional data between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday, according to the DGT.

The crash which produced the most fatalities was on Saturday when a Ford Transit van and a bicycle were involved in a collision in Almería resulting in the deaths of a 35 year old and a 73 year old. Another person was killed on Saturday in a separate crash, resulting in a total of three deaths and one person being injured.

There were no fatalities on Friday, but the remaining four people were killed on Sunday. Another cyclist was seriously injured on Sunday in Orihuela when a cyclist left the road and landed in a ravine. In view of the difficulty accessing the area, an air ambulance was called and transported the injured cyclist to the Vega Baja hospital.

There was also a lucky escape for a four legged road user this weekend when a Guardia Civil patrol managed to rescue a lost puppy who was wandering about in the road. The dog was taken to the El Grande Asoka animal welfare association for adoption.

### Motorhome and Campervan Legislation

As much as motorhome use is growing in popularity, we are getting an increased number of questions relating to the laws regarding their use on Spanish roads.

This had already come to light some year ago during the initial stages of popularity growth, so much so that the Traffic Department saw the need to create a single document that details the various elements of law that affect motorhomes.

Therefore, to try to answer some of your questions, we have provided that document for you, translated into English, so you can get a better understanding of the issues that relate to motorhome use.


Subject: Motorhomes

Instruction 08/V-74

The steady growth experienced in recent years the movement of motorhomes in Spain and the lack of a specific regulation of some aspects of this activity led to the adoption in the plenary of the Senate of a motion urging the government to take steps to support the development of this practice and regulate the use of motorhomes.

For this reason, the Dirección General de Tráfico has considered it necessary to collect and interpret in a single document all those regulatory aspects related to motorhomes, collated from traffic and motor vehicle legislation.

	CONCEPT

Annex II of the Reglamento General de Vehículos approved by Royal Decree 2822/1998, of December 23, defines the motorhome as “special purpose built vehicle, including housing accommodation, and containing at least the following equipment: seats and table and bunk beds that can be converted into seats, kitchen cabinets or similar. This equipment shall be rigidly fixed to the housing compartment. Seats and table can be designed to be easily dismantled”.

This and other definitions of vehicles are the result of the transposition of the relevant directives.

In particular Directive 2001/116/CE of 20 December 2001, adapting technical Directive 70/156/CEE approximating the laws of the Member States concerning the approval of motor vehicles and their trailers. In point 5.1 of Section A of Annex II it refers to a motorhome as “any special vehicles of category M constructed to include living accommodation with the following minimum equipment: seats and table, beds that can be converted from the seats, kitchen cabinets. This equipment is fixed firmly in the habitable zone; although the table may be designed to remove it easily”.

They are vehicles of category M (“motor vehicles with at least four wheels designed and constructed for the carriage of passengers”) and although the Directive (116/2001/CEE) does not explicitly infer to having a capacity for a maximum of eight seats (excluding the driver), we refer to the M1 category of vehicles. However, point 1 of Section C of Annex II of the Directive 2001/116/CE, referring to body types of passenger cars (M1), mentions the following: AA Berlina (saloon), AB Berlina con portón trasero (estate), AC Familiar (“break”) (family), AD Coupé (coupe), AE Descapotable (convertible) and AF Multiuso (multi-use), not referring to the motorhome in that paragraph 1 but in point 5, under another category of vehicles called “special purpose vehicles”.

Thus, admitting that in the case of vehicles of category M1, your vehicle is not included in the rates provided for passenger cars but in so-called “special purpose vehicles”, which is not surprising since they are built on the chassis of commercial vehicles used commonly for the manufacture of vans and light trucks, of a length typically ranging from 5.50m to 8.00m, and with an average height of around 3.00m, with a maximum authorised mass frequently of 3,500 kg, and in some cases of superior constructive characteristics that have nothing to do with a means affecting passenger cars and manoeuvrability in the braking distance, turning behaviour, etc.

Therefore, notwithstanding the existence of vans whose interior has been fitted out and commonly known as a “camper”, it can be concluded that the motorhomes are usually “special vehicles of category M1”, whose existence is concerned, between others, with Article 2.2 of Directive 2001/116/CE of the committee, other than passenger cars and creditors therefore a specific regulation in some specific areas such as the determination of their maximum speeds on roads outside of towns.

By contrast, in other aspects such as driving, stopping and parking they are governed by the rules generally applicable to all vehicles.

	MAXIMUM SPEED

Article 48.1 a) of the Reglamento General de Circulación approved by Royal Decree 1428/2003, of 21 November, establishes that motor vehicles have a maximum speeds on roads outside populated according to the following:

A) Motor vehicles:

	On motorways: cars and motorcycles 120 Km/h; buses, vehicles derived from cars and adaptable crossovers, 100 Km/h; trucks, articulated vehicles, tractor units, vans and cars with trailers of up to 750 Kg, 90 Km/h; other cars with trailers: 80 Km/h.
	On conventional roads for cars and other conventional roads provided that they have a paved shoulder of 1.50 metres or more in width, or more than one lane for one of the directions of traffic: Passenger cars and motorcycles 100 Km/h; buses, vehicles derived from cars and adaptable crossovers, 90 Km/h; trucks, articulated vehicles, tractor units, vans and cars with trailers 80 km/h.
	On the remaining roads out of town: cars and motorcycles 90 Km/h; buses, vehicles derived from cars and adaptable crossovers, 80 km/h; trucks, articulated vehicles, tractor units, vans and cars with trailers, 70 Km/h.
	On any road where driving is permitted: Tricycles and quads, 70 Km/h.

For motorhomes, considered as “special purpose vehicles of category M1” it is considered justified not to apply the same speed limits outside populated areas as standard vehicles, but those for other vehicles of category M (for the transport of persons) , which would lead to the following speed limits:

- On motorways, 100 Km/h.

- On conventional roads signposted as suitable for motor vehicles and highways with a paved shoulder of at least 1.50m width, or more than one lane for driving, 90 Km/h.

- On all other roads outside populated areas, 80 Km/h.

These speed limits would apply to motorhome vehicles without a trailer, classed on the ITV card with the following codes:

- 3148 (mixed vehicle/accommodation)

- 3200 (unspecified motorhome with MMA less than or equal to 3,500 kg.)

- 3248 (motorhome with accommodation with MMA less than or equal to 3,500 kg.)

The motorhomes classified with codes:

- 3300 (unspecified motorhome with MMA over 3,500 Kg.)

- 3348 (motorhome with accommodation with MMA over 3,500 Kg.)

- 2448 (Van with accommodation)

Governed by the same limits applicable to truck speeds (due to their maximum authorised mass) and vans: 90 Km/h on motorways and 80 km/h on conventional roads.

In urban roads, whatever their classification code, motorhomes shall be governed by the general speed limit of 50 km/h, as per the terms set in Article 50 of the Reglamento General de Circulación.

	STOPING AND PARKING

Under the title “Parada y estacionamiento” the Reglamento General de Circulación regulates in Chapter VIII (Articles 90-94), the rules applicable to these manoeuvres, on places where they can be made, manner and form of execution, positioning of the vehicle, municipal ordinances and forbidden places, for which the rules must be observed by all vehicles.

3.1 Urban Roads

Regarding the places where stopping and parking in urban streets can be conducted, Article 90.2 of the Reglamento General de Circulación states in its second paragraph that vehicles should observe the provisions of the ordinances enacted by municipal authorities in relation to which the Article 93 reads as follows:

	Stopping and parking on urban roads shall be governed by municipal ordinance, and the necessary measures, including time constraints for parking duration, specific corrective measures be taken to prevent the obstruction of traffic and including removal or immobilization of the vehicle when time-limited parking is exceed the authorization granted until the driver identification is achieved.
	In no case may the bylaws oppose, alter, distort, or mislead the provisions of this regulation. One of the most common complaints made to the Directorate General of Traffic is that motorhome users are prohibited from parking in part or in whole on urban roads that some municipalities incorporated within their ordinances. These regulations are made under Article 7 of the articulated text of the Tráfico, Circulación de Vehículos a Motor y Seguridad Vial, approved by Royal Decree 339/1990 of 2 March, which gives municipalities competencies to act in certain circumstances, among them:
	b) The regulation by Ordenanza Municipal de Circulación, use of urban roads, making compatible the equitable distribution of parking to all users with the necessary flow of traffic, and the establishment of parking measures is limited In order to ensure the rotation of the parking.

Therefore, according to the Dirección General de Tráfico, it is indisputable that the exclusion of certain users must be substantiated and based on objective factors such as the outer dimensions of a vehicle or maximum authorized mass, but not for construction criteria or use or for subjective reasons such as potential anti-social behaviour of some users such as night noises, dumping garbage or sewage in the streets, monopolization of public space by placing structures and fixtures and other situations of abuse which local authorities have effective legal tools to be used in a non-discriminatory manner against all offenders, whether users of motorhomes or any other vehicle.

The motorhome can therefore perform stopping and parking manoeuvres in the same conditions and with the same limitations as any other vehicle.

Regarding the mode and manner of execution of stopping and parking, Article 91 of the Reglamento General de Circulación states that these manoeuvres “should be made so that the vehicle does not impede movement or pose a risk to other road users, special care on the placement of the vehicle and to prevent it from moving in the absence of the driver”.

As for the placement of the vehicle Article 92 of the Reglamento General de Circulación provides:

	Stopping and parking will be made by placing the vehicle parallel to the edge of the road. Exceptionally, another placement is allowed when the nature of the route or other circumstances warrant.
	Any driver who stops or parks a vehicle must do so to allow the best use of the remaining space.
	In the case of a motor vehicle or moped and the driver having to leave the vehicle, you must also observe the following rules:

a) Stop the engine and disconnect the ignition system and, if the vehicle is moved away, take the necessary precautions to prevent unauthorised use.

b) Apply the parking brake.

c) In a vehicle with gearbox, left in 1st gear when on an incline, or, where appropriate, the parking position.

d) In the case of a vehicle over 3,500 kg maximum authorized mass, or a bus or a combination of vehicles and stopping or parking is made in a place with a slope, the driver must also apply security measures.

The Reglamento General de Circulación has other conditions to be fulfilled upon stopping or parking of a vehicle, so this Dirección General de Tráfico believes that while any vehicle is properly parked, without exceeding road markings demarcating the parking area or time limitation thereof, if any, is not relevant that the occupants are inside the same and the motorhome is no exception, considering it sufficient that the activity that can be developed within does not extend beyond the outside of the vehicle, through the deployment of elements that go beyond the perimeter of the vehicle itself, such as tents, awnings, levelling devices, stabilization support, etc.

3.2 interurban roads

Article 90.1 of the Reglamento General de Circulación defines the places in which stopping and parking on interurban roads noting that it must be off the road, on the right side of it, leaving the paved part of the shoulder.

Also in general on motorways and dual carriageways stopping manoeuvres and parking for all vehicles, except in areas specially authorized are prohibited.

Rules relating to stopping and parking on interurban roads, and the manner and form of execution, are contained in Article 91 of the Reglamento General de Circulación collected in the previous section, as well as the considerations in relation to parking on city streets with the presence of people inside the parked vehicle properly, without prejudice to the possibility of parking in areas of stations or on private land whose owners can apply other conditions.

Other items in any way associated with motorhomes such as camping and overnight stays are covered in the regulations for motor vehicle traffic and road safety, so the agency cannot comment on its definition and its implications.

	USE OF SEAT BELTS AND RESTRAINT DEVICES

Safety belt or other restraint systems duly approved, properly fastened, by the driver and passengers of motorhomes in both urban and interurban roads will be used.

Failure to comply with this obligation by certain people based on their size and age shall comply with the following requirements:

	Front seats: It is prohibited for persons under 12 years of age to travel in the front seats, unless in an appropriate and approved restraining seat, except when their height is equal to or greater than 135 centimetres, when the child may use the seat belt installed for adult use.
	Other seats: People whose height reaches 135 centimetres and no greater than 150 centimetres may either use an approved restraint device adapted to their size and weight or the fitted adult seatbelt installed in the seat.
	In motorhomes that are not equipped with approved safety devices specially adapted to size and weight of your users, you will not be able to carry children under three years of age and older than three years who have not reached 135 centimetres, and they cannot occupy a front seat.

The rules completely exclude the possibility of occupancy of beds in a motorhome when driving, as well as the obvious risk to the occupants in the event of sudden braking, roll or collision, however if you can occupy the seats fitted with approved restraint, using such systems, provided that the number of people travelling in the vehicle, both in the cabin and the cockpit housing does not exceed the legally authorized places stated in the documentation for that vehicle.

	EQUIPMENT

Motorhomes have to carry equipment in accordance with Annex XII of the Reglamento General de Vehículo, as follows: A set of light bulbs and indispensable tools for changing the bulbs, two portable warning triangles, a spare wheel or temporary wheel and the tools to change wheels or alternative system for changing them, providing sufficient guarantees for vehicle mobility.

Likewise, when the vehicle occupants leave the vehicle and occupies the roadway or the shoulder on interurban roads, they should use a certified reflective high visibility vest, according to Royal Decree 1407/1992, of 20 November.

	TECHNICAL INSPECTION

According to Royal Decree 711/2006 of 9 June, amending certain Royal Decrees relating to vehicle inspection and approval of vehicles, their parts and components and amending, also, the Reglamento General de Vehículos approved by Royal Decree 2822/1998, of 23 December, the following inspection frequency is applied to the campers and motor homes.

Age:

- Up to four years: Exempt.

- For more than four years: Biennial.

- For more than ten years: Annual.

	SERVICE AREAS

There are specifically designed facilities for servicing or hosting motorhomes providing a range of services needed for these vehicles, mainly: parking, water supply and a place for emptying containers.

Unlike tourist campsites, service areas provide the minimum required to park your vehicle and may be publicly or privately owned physical space.

There are 60 such facilities in Spain, for which, through the Motion by the full Senate on 9 May, 2006, the Government urges the creation of a sign depicting such sites.

The Dirección General de Tráfico believes that, without prejudice to the future design and inclusion in the official catalogue of signals of a specific sign indicating the location of a service area, now the S-122 “otros servicios” sign in the official catalogue of traffic signs, included in Annex I of the Reglamento General de Circulació, by including a simple pictogram, satisfy this need.

	TRANSPORT OF AUXILIARY VEHICLES

Very often, motorhomes carry auxiliary vehicles, usually bicycles, a moped or small motorcycle. This practice is authorized provided an approved bicycle rack or a platform for this purpose and, when projecting out from the usual characteristics of the motorhome, the following requirements as provided in Article 15 of the Reglamento General de Circulación are met.

Protruding from motorhome at the back, up to 10% of its length and if one vehicle (indivisible load), 15%. That all appropriate precautions are taken to prevent damage or danger to other users of public roads and should have extremities protected lessen the effects of a possible friction or shock.

The protrusion must be signalled by the V-20 sign as per Article 173 and whose characteristics are set out in Annex XI of the Reglamento General de Vehículos. This sign is placed at the rear end of the load so that it is constantly perpendicular to the vehicle axis.

Following frequent questions regarding the possibility of a motorhome towing a car, this possibility is prohibited in Article 9.3 of the Reglamento General de Vehículos whic prohibits the movement of a motor vehicle towing another, unless there is an immediate risk of damage or injury and it cannot be dragged by another specifically for that purpose, in which case it is allowed only to the nearest place where it will not hinder traffic movement and provided that it is not on a motorway.

Notwithstanding the points already mentioned, a combination of vehicles consisting of a motor and a trailer or semitrailer on which another vehicle can be transported is permitted if the set qualifies for driving on public roads and is approved to Directives 70/156/CEE and 94/20/CEE and they do not exceed the maximum length allowed for these sets which is 18.75 meters and 16.50 meters in the case of a semi-trailer.

Madrid, 28 January, 2008

 

### Tyre Safety Tips

Millions of people in the U.K. will be out in their cars this bank holiday weekend, heading off for a holiday or visiting family and friends. And with the Spring bank holiday leading straight into the May half term for most schoolchildren, even more families will also be using the road networks for week-long staycations or journeys to airports for trips abroad.

Estimates say that somewhere between 14 and 18 million people will use the UK’s road networks this weekend alone. To help avoid any unwanted delays, and to keep you and your loved ones safe as you take advantage of the extended break, TyreSafe – the UK’s tyre safety organisation – advises that you use its quick tyre safety tips.

“Punctures and tyre-related incidents are the second most common cause of breakdowns according to the AA,” said TyreSafe chairman Stuart Jackson. “We’re advising drivers to use these tips because we know anyone travelling this weekend will want to arrive safely and on time.”

Tyres form one of the most important parts of a vehicle, in terms of safety, but they are the most at risk on account of their vulnerability on the road surface and the very nature of what they do.

TyreSafe, a not-for-profit organisation dedicated to raising awareness about the importance of correct tyre maintenance and the dangers of defective and worn tyres, have produced this handy guide of tips to help you stay a little safer on the roads.



Tyre Tips

Check your tyre pressure:

	Check your recommended pressure using the owners' manual. It can also be found on a sticker in the fuel flap or inside the driver or passenger side door
	You can check your pressure and inflate your tyres at your local petrol station
	Remember: if you are carrying more passengers or luggage, the manufacturer’s recommended pressure will often change




Check your tread depth:

	You must have at least 1.6mm across three-quarters of the tread around the entire circumference of the tyre
	Insert a 20p coin into the main tyre grooves at several places around the tyre
	If the outer band of the coin is visible your tyre may be illegal and you should have it checked by a specialist
	Remember: if your tyres are illegal you can face a fine of up to £2,500 and three penalty points for each illegal tyre



Check the condition:

	Inspect the tyre for signs of wear or damage such as cuts, lumps, bulges, exposed cords or sidewall damage
	Remove any stones or other items embedded in the tread
	If you spot any wear or damage to your tyres you should have them checked by an expert



Check your spare:

	If you have a spare wheel don’t forget to check its pressure, tread and condition
	If your spare tyre is for temporary use only, remember that speed restrictions will apply
	Remember: if you have a spare and intend to change it yourself, make sure you have a functioning jack and tyre brace

For more information about how to perform pre-travel tyre safety checks, including a range of easy-to-understand advice, videos and animations, visit www.tyresafe.org or download the Tyre Safety Companion App.

### How Drugs Affect Your Driving

A NEW video has been launched by U.K. road safety and breakdown organisation GEM Motoring Assist, offering simple and straightforward information on drugs, driving and the law. Although focusing on the U.K. the information is equally useful in other parts of the world, especially regarding how drugs may affect driving.

The video, funded by the GEM Motoring Assist Road Safety Charity, reflects changes to drug-driving legislation which came into effect in the U.K. in March of this year, establishing legal limits for the levels of eight illegal drugs and eight legal, prescription drugs.

GEM chief executive David Williams MBE said: “This video sets out to explain the new legislation, as well as to reinforce the warning that driving after using any potentially intoxicating substance is both dangerous and illegal.

“Drugs can affect your vision, your hearing, your reaction time, your perception of risk and your ability to carry out a variety of tasks. You may feel sleepy, sick, dizzy or unable to move quickly. Your vision may be blurred, and you may also find it hard to focus or pay attention…. symptoms like this make you much more likely to be involved in a collision.”

Two versions of the video are available. The shorter version, Drugs, driving and the lawwww.motoringassist.com/drugs, is designed primarily for younger audiences, and focuses on illicit drugs. An additional resources sheet and a multiple-choice quiz connected with the video are available on the site.

 Drug, driving and the law from GEM Motoring Assist on Vimeo.

The longer version, Drugs, medicines, driving and the law www.motoringassist.com/drugs, also includes information on how certain prescription medicines and others can affect driving, and is aimed at a more mature audience.

 Drugs, medicines, driving and the law from GEM Motoring Assist on Vimeo.

The video was produced with the assistance of The Transport Research Laboratory, whose chief scientist Professor Andrew Parkes sets out the complexity of drugs and their potential effect on safe driving. “Different drugs have different effects on different people and the picture for road safety is really complicated. But they all have an effect on driving; none of them makes driving better,” he said.

Additional assistance came from Powys County Council and substance abuse experts from CAIS, a voluntary sector provider of personal support services.

“We hope this video will be used extensively, particularly to support school and college advice programmes for their students, and to inform older drivers who may be at risk because of the prescription medicines they take,” concluded David Williams.

Follow GEM on Twitter @MotoringAssist for the latest industry news.

### Guardia Civil Motorbikes

The motorbike is one of the most useful vehicles that traffic police officers have.



It is fast, manageable and able to outrun most cars on the road, whilst taking up minimum space and providing additional safety for both the rider and other road users.

At the moment, there are two main types of bike operated by the Guardia Civil, the traditional and trusted BMW, and the more modern, and more powerful, Yamaha FJR 1300, which is gradually replacing the old work-horse.



The standard BMW R1200RT was first introduced in 2005 to replace the R1150RT model and features a 1,170 cc flat-twin engine with a six-speed gearbox, with 109 hp and a top speed of around 200 kilometres per hour.

By comparison, the FJR 1300 has a 1,298 cc inline-four liquid-cooled, DOHC, four valves per cylinder, electronic fuel injection engine, offering 141.5 hp. The bike under normal conditions has a top speed of around 240 kilometres per hour, although is considered more fuel efficient under normal road speed conditions.



The new bike was introduced early last year to a few choice areas of the country, in order to test the vehicle under normal operational conditions, and will continue to roll out throughout the country shortly. Orihuela has just taken delivery of their first batch.

The Guardia Civil in Torrevieja currently use the BMW R850RT, an 848 cc, a four stroke, two-cylinder, horizontally-opposed Boxer engine equipped motorbike, offering 73 hp and a top speed of 186.2 kilometres per hour. From a cruising speed of 60 kilometres per hour, the bike can stop in just 14.2 metres and from standing can go from zero to 100 kilometres per hour in just 5.8 seconds. It is scheduled to be replaced in the next couple of years.

The Guardia Civil motorbikes are equipped with a range of safety and security equipment to allow the officers to perform their duties in remote locations. Like most police motorbikes, they are adapted so single seat models, allowing for more space to carry the equipment needed in their fixed, sturdy panniers.

The bikes are equipped with sirens and lights and carry a fire extinguisher. They also have fixed holders and brackets for the PDA personal digital assistant and printers, so that nothing moves whist the bike is in motion. In addition, the officers carry documents to enable them to make reports when there is a minor accident.



The helmets are equipped with Bluetooth which is connected to a radio in the rear of the bike so the officers can communicate with both the central control centre to enable them to request information such as number plate identification whilst riding, as well as checking the status of the ITV, insurance and driving license of the vehicle owner. The radio also allows direct communication with their colleagues.

In order to keep the bikes in premium condition, they are serviced by the official garages, BMW or Yamaha, every 5,000 or 10,000 kilometres depending on what the motorbikes need. In addition, the wheels are changed every 7,000 kilometres for safety reasons.

Some of the bike had been fitted with cameras in the past, but these were part of a testing scheme for Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR), they were not hidden speed cameras or radar detectors as some people thought. Although if you think that means they can´t test your speed, think again, the Guardia Civil have a range of speed detectors, so you never know when or from where you are being watched.

Although highly trained on the machines, in fact the training scheme is one of the most highly respected across European police forces, one of the unusual characteristics of the Guardia Civil traffic police is that all of the officers ride motorbikes and drive cars as part of their routine duties, so it is quite normal for the officers to be using different modes of transport on a daily basis.

### Thief Steals Fire Vehicle

Police officers in Avilés, a city in Asturias, northern Spain, arrested a man on Thursday who entered the local fire station and stole and drove off at high speed in an emergency vehicle.



The fire fighters had received a call to attend an emergency at a road junction where a collision had occurred. Upon arriving at the scene it became apparent that the alert had been a false alarm on account of the incident being a minor collision which was settled by the occupants of both vehicles who had then left the scene.

AS the fire station had become vacant whilst the fire fighters attended the false emergency, the young male was seen “browsing” around the facility.

The male then entered one of the remaining vehicles and drove it from the fire station “at full speed”.

As the fire fighters returned to the station they alerted the police who managed to stop the stolen fire vehicle and promptly arrest the 20 year old male for a crime of motor vehicle theft. He was delivered to the National Police for processing.

### Cash Smuggler Arrested in Barcelona

Officers from the National Police have arrested an Italian national who was attempting to bring 118,100 euro into Spain, hidden in different parts of his vehicle.

The man was a passenger on board a boat which had come from Italy to Barcelona, although he planned to travel to Marbella in Málaga by road.

The man was the subject of a pending police search and arrest warrant for allegedly committing a robbery with violence and intimidation.

Officers at the port of Barcelona requested to inspect the documentation of the man and noted “nervousness” in his attitude. Upon checking the documents the officers discovered that the man had been wanted for questioning since January for an alleged crime of robbery with violence and intimidation, issued through the police in Marbella.

Having then proceeded to inspect the vehicle, the officers discovered 5,000 euro hidden in the glove compartment. The man then claimed that he was not carrying anything else. However, with the collaboration of the Guardia Civil, a specially trained dog to detect bank notes was brought in to assist. The dog identified the spare wheel as being suspicious.

When subject to a scanner, the officers were able to visually confirm the dog´s suspicion and continued with a detailed inspection. Upon opening the tyre they discovered a large number of bundles of money wrapped in clear plastic and secured by rubber bands.



In total, the officers found a total of 113,100 euro, mostly in 500, 200, 100 and 50 note denominations.

The bank notes were all genuine and were legal tender but the carrier could not justify their origin, and so the man was detained whilst the relevant proceedings are carried out.

### Motorway Closed by Truck Fire

The AP-7 motorway in the Barcelona area of Olèrdola was closed to traffic on Wednesday, as fire fighters tackled a blaze on a truck that was travelling on the road.



Emergency services were forced to stop traffic in both directions at 13:45 whilst they extinguished the flames, reopening one southbound lane 30 minutes later, reopening a second lane at 15:15.

The fire had spread to neighbouring vegetation resulting in four fire crews attending whilst traffic backed up for 3 kilometres.

Aside from this incident, with increased temperatures heading towards the summer, much of the country is on alert for the spread of forest fires, with motorists also asked to be vigilant at all times and not throwing anything from the vehicle, such as a lit cigarette or even rubbish, which can increase the risk of fire.

### VOLKSWAGEN’S AUTONOMOUS BRAKING SYSTEM CUTS INJURY CLAIMS

The Volkswagen Golf and Passat models have been praised by vehicle safety experts at the Thatcham Research Centre, who have seen a 45 per cent drop in third party personal injury insurance claims thanks to the fitment of auto-emergency braking systems.



The latest generation Golf went on sale in the UK in January 2013.  All except for the entry-level S models have Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) as standard, with ACC including the radar sensor controlled distance monitoring system Front Assist, as well as city emergency braking and cruise control.  Since launch, third party injury claims on the latest Golf are 45 per cent lower than for the equivalent ‘Small Family Car Control Group’.

Matthew Avery, Director of Safety at Thatcham Research, said: ‘These findings are based on the equivalent of more than 7,000 Mk VII Golf models insured for a full 12 months on the road, and come from claims data from our insurance members.  When we saw figures based on an initial small sample, we were surprised, as they exceeded our own performance testing.  However the figures held up, even after almost doubling the sample group, and have therefore given us a glimpse of what safety on UK roads could look like in the future.’

Although such systems are not new, it was the Golf that ’democratised safety’ and brought ACC to a wide audience.  The system operates over a speed range from 30 to 160 km/h (approx. 18 to 99 mph) with a manual gearbox and with DSG.  In vehicles with DSG, it can intervene to such an extent that the car may be slowed to a complete standstill.  In normal driving ACC maintains a preselected speed and a defined distance to the vehicle ahead, and it automatically brakes or accelerates in flowing traffic.  Front Assist continually monitors the distance to the traffic ahead and assists the driver in critical situations by preconditioning the brake system and alerting the driver to any required reactions by means of visual and audible warnings.  If the driver fails to brake hard enough, the system automatically generates sufficient braking force to help avoid a collision.  Should the driver not react at all, Front Assist automatically slows the car so that the speed of any impact is minimised.  The system also assists the driver by an alert if the car is getting too close to the vehicle in front.  The city emergency braking function is also part of Front Assist and operates at speeds below 30 km/h (approx. 18 mph).

The new Passat which went on sale in the UK in January also now has ACC as standard on all but S models.  With a further developed system, as well as the ability to detect pedestrians, early indications from Thatcham are that the reductions in accidents could be even more significant. ACC is also available on other models including the Polo and Touareg, while city emergency braking is offered on the up! city car.

Avery continues: ‘If the performance of these latest generation auto-emergency braking systems translates to the real world as expected, then it stands to reason that we should see third party personal injury claims continuing to fall across the board.’

Commenting on the findings, Alex Smith, Director of Volkswagen UK, said: ‘We knew the fitment of ACC was significant when we launched the Golf, and this was reflected in reduced insurance group ratings from Thatcham.  To have even greater than expected reductions reflected in real world accident data is fantastic, as we know we’re contributing to cutting the human and financial impacts of accidents as well.  The trend towards standard fitment is also set to continue as new vehicles are launched.’

For more information visit on auto-emergency braking systems please go to www.thatcham.org/aeb; or for more details on Volkswagen’s award-winning range of cars, please visit www.volkswagen.co.uk.

### Two Injured in Motorway Crash

Two people were injured on Tuesday evening in a collision between two cars and a truck on the A-7 motorway.

The incident occurred at around 19:10 in the Murcia region as the vehicles were heading in the Alicante direction.

The emergency services received four calls reporting the crash and dispatched the Guardia Civil traffic department, fire service and medical units from both Murcia and Molina de Segura.

Upon arriving at the scene the rescuers found two people unconscious, one of whom was trapped in the truck. They were taken to hospital for treatment.

### Subsidy Help for Commercial Vehicle Owners

The Director General of Industry, Small and Medium Enterprises in the Ministry of Industry, Víctor Audera, announced this week that the government is to renew its commitment to greener motoring, through the launch of the fifth version of the Plan PIMA Aire, aimed at encouraging the purchase of environmentally friendly commercial vehicles.



The announcement was made during the most recent motor industry and manufacturers conference at the Barcelona Motor Show.

Although he was unable to reveal details of the latest plan, Audera indicated that the idea behind Plan PIMA Aire 5 is to be “friendlier to the environment”, a motion echoed by the Director General of Quality and Environmental Assessment and Natural Environment in the Ministry of Environment, Guillermina Yanguas.

During the last such subsidy plan, which started in December last year, 9.6 million euro in funding was provided to encourage the purchase of eco-friendly commercial vehicles, as well as pedal-assist bicycles.

The plan for renewing commercial vehicles operate similar to the Plan PIVE which offers subsidy to owners of older private cars.

### Luxury Vehicle Gang Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested 6 people as part in a criminal network responsible for 57 crimes, 40 of which were the suspect theft of high-end vehicles from Toledo, Alicante, Madrid Murcia and Guadalajara.



Under operation “Driven”, the gang members are also charged with a variety of offences, including attempted theft, receiving stolen goods, damage, falsification of public documents, undermining enforcement officers and serious disobedience of an enforcement officer.

Of those arrested, there are 5 men and a woman of Spanish and Armenian nationalities, aged between 22 and 41 years of age.

During the raids conducted by officers, 7 vehicles have been recovered and another 7 partially scrapped, along with devices for cloning keys and electronic equipment used to create and copy vehicle starter codes. The officers also seized another 2 vehicles believed to legitimately belong to members of the gang, although they are suspected of having been used to commit crime.



The recovered material alone has a value in excess of 800,000 euro as the operation focused on the theft of 40 luxury vehicles and the attempted theft of a further 9.

The arrests through operation “Driven” showed collaboration between the Guardia Civil, THE Judicial Police of Toledo and the National Police based in Elche.

### Seven Fatalities on the Roads this Weekend

A total of seven people have lost their lives in traffic collisions during the course of the weekend in the provisional count by the DGT between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.

On Friday, two people were killed in an incident in Seville, another two in Badajoz.

Saturday saw one fatality, whereas two people were killed on Sunday, one of whom was a cyclist who died in the Albacete area. An emergency helicopter was called to assist medics at the scene but it was stood down as there was nothing that could be done to save his life.

A helicopter was used in another incident on Sunday however, taking a 52 year old motorcyclist to hospital in Valencia following a crash on the CV-35 in the town of Losa del Obispo.



Meanwhile, on Sunday, a 76 year old woman had a lucky escape in the León town of La Robla when her car caught fire, igniting the surrounding vegetation where she had stopped. The victim was taken by ambulance to hospital.

### Vehicle Checks This Week

All this week, the DGT will be running an intensive campaign on vehicle safety standards, meaning that the Guardia Civil traffic police will be out in force checking certain elements of vehicles for roadworthiness. As you read through this article, you will see that many of the sentences are highlighted in a different colour. If you click these, it will take you to articles which explains each part in more detail.



The campaign is running alongside the existing alcohol, drugs and speed monitoring activities, but, in addition to the driver, this week the officers will focus on three elements of the vehicle, namely the ITV, lights and wheels.

The ITV is almost the equivalent to the UK M.O.T. test, whereas once a vehicle has reached a certain age, it has to conform to minimum safety standards set out and tested by certified centres. The validity of an ITV is indicated by a sticker which should be displayed in the windscreen. Remember, only the valid sticker should be on display. You must also carry the ITV information with you in the car.

Lights should form part of your own routine check procedure to ensure they work. Headlights, rear lights, indicators, brake lights, in fact all vehicle lights are crucial to safe driving. If you don´t have anybody who can help you check them, you can do it yourself by parking your vehicle near a reflective surface. Sometimes, a van or truck can provide enough reflection to enable you to do this. It is no longer mandatory to carry a spare set of bulbs with you in the car.

Wheels should also form part of your routine check procedure. Over or under inflated tyres can be dangerous and can affect vehicle performance and fuel consumption. Tyre tread depth is also something you should keep a close eye on.

These checks are all about ensuring safety on the roads by making sure that vehicle satisfy the minimum standards. We all have a responsibility to make sure our own vehicles are roadworthy and safe, and not just rely on the certification of the ITV, but monitor our vehicles closely on a regular basis.

### Guardia Civil Officer Injured in Torrevieja Crash

An officer from the Guardia Civil traffic department was injured on Sunday when he was involved in a collision on the N-332 main road at Punta Prima, Torrevieja.



The officer was waiting to emerge onto the roundabout when a car crashed into the back of his motorcycle.

Luckily, the officer was not seriously injured in the crash but was taken by ambulance to hospital as a precautionary measure.

### Exiting Roundabouts

They are sometimes considered daunting, confusing, frustrating and dangerous, but in actual fact, if used correctly, roundabouts are designed to improve the flow of traffic at busy junctions.



For foreign drivers in Spain, the idea of driving on a roundabout is even more confusing, not necessarily because they are particularly different, but with so many vehicles seemingly following their own rules, and in areas frequented by tourists who may not be as used to the road as the native drivers, all of these factors combine to create a nightmare for many.

However, if we break down the process of driving on roundabouts, we can actually get a better understanding of how they are intended to be driven on, and, therefore, realise exactly what should be going on.

We probably already realise that we have to give way to traffic already on the roundabout, but for now, we are not going to look at the approach to roundabouts, or for that matter driving on them, but we are going to look and examine the situation where most roundabout incidents take place, during the process of exiting the roundabout onto another road.

Firstly, we need to consider three basic principles, two which we know, and one which we may forget, all of which are crucial in our understanding of how we should exit a roundabout.

Firstly, in Spain, we drive on the right. In fact, we should drive as far to the right as possible, subject to any factors which may prevent this. This rule applies irrespective of how many lanes there are on a road, the right hand lane is considered our normal driving lane.

Secondly, although they are classed as a special intersection, roundabouts are treated just like any other road. Albeit a one way street, but a normal road none the less, irrespective of the number of lanes, a roundabout is nothing more than a normal, curved road, with junctions.

The third principle we must be aware of is that, under normal circumstances, we should always exit the roundabout from the right hand lane, the outer lane, unless signs or signals tell us otherwise.

Having established those three principles, let us now move away from roundabouts and consider a normal, straight road. Imaging a road that never ends and is a straight line, with no curves, but it does have junctions. We can consider it to be a one way street to make it easier.

As we drive along this road, there may come a point when we want to turn right, at a junction. As we drive along the road we know where we want to turn and we carry out our procedure we learnt when a novice driver, mirror, signal, manoeuvre, perhaps even remembering position, speed and look, and we turn right from the major road to the minor road.

This procedure is something that we do countless times during any normal drive.

Now, let us consider that we are driving along the same straight one way road, although this time it has two lanes. We still want to turn right, and so think for a moment what would the procedure be?

The procedure is of course exactly the same, the only difference being that if we are in the second, left hand lane for some reason, lane 2 as we will call it, we would normally move back into the right hand lane, lane 1, before we exercise our procedure to turn right.

It would never normally cross our mind in this situation to cut across the path from lane 2 to lane 1 in front of another vehicle, as this is quite obviously a dangerous move, particularly if the vehicle in lane 1 is continuing straight ahead.

We think back to our first basic rule, we always drive on the right.

Now let us transpose this situation onto another type of road, this time the road we are on is not straight, but rather curves to the left, constantly. Other than that, the features of the road are the same, it has junctions and it has more than one lane.

Supposing we are driving along this long curved one way street and we wish to turn right, think for a moment, would the same procedure apply?

The answer is yes, it would. Under normal circumstances we would be driving in the right hand lane, or normal driving lane. If we wish to turn right, we exercise our right turn procedure as we approach, including mirror, signal, manoeuvre, position, speed and look, before we turn from the major to a minor road.

In the event of us being in lane 2, would we cut across the vehicle in lane 1? No, we would first exercise a procedure for us to return from lane 2 to lane 1 and then exercise our right turn process.

Now, if we look back at our second general rule, we must consider that roundabouts are treated just like any normal road, albeit a one way street. In other words, a roundabout is exactly the same as the situation we have just described. Now reinforced by the third principle we looked at in the beginning, that we would normally exit a roundabout from the right hand lane.

Let us look at how we put all of this into practice on a roundabout. Remember, we are not concerned about the approach or process of the roundabout itself, but the procedure for exiting.

If we are on the roundabout and wish to exit at the first junction, we would do so exactly the same way as we would on either our long straight road, or the curved one we described. In fact, this procedure is the same for the second, third or fourth exit, it is the same procedure for any exit in fact, we should normally be in the right hand lane before exiting, and would signal with a right turn indicator before leaving the roundabout.

Although we are not looking at what we do on a roundabout, there are two points we must look at. The first one if that the lanes are marked out for a reason, and so we must follow the lane markings, not cutting across the roundabout, just like we wouldn't normally cut across lanes on any other road.

Secondly, we may well find ourselves not in the right hand lane, just like we might find ourselves in lane 2 in the previous example. Does that mean that we can cut across in front of other drivers in order to exit the roundabout? No, it does not, in exactly the same way we shouldn't cut across a vehicle on our straight road. Remember, our third principle is that we should, under normal circumstances, always exit the roundabout from the right hand lane.

One question that always comes up is "why then are there sometimes more than one lane on a roundabout?", the answer is simply the same as if the question were "why are there sometimes more than one lane on any road?", because sometimes more than one lane is needed for the smooth flow of traffic, sometimes you need to use that second lane, but it doesn't take away from the fact that the right hand lane is our normal driving lane.

The DGT answers the question, “Can I exit directly from the inside lane?” with the response “no”, unless the movement within the roundabout is channelled through suitably marked lanes and road markings: in this case, the exit could be made from the inner lane and the right. Although, remember, if the outside lane was not busy, the rule requires you to use it. If the outside, normal driving lane is occupied, then the general principle of security offered this type of infrastructure is that the exit should be from the outside lane, you must not stop in the middle of the roundabout waiting to be let by, nor should you cut in front of other road users in the outside lane, remember the rules of priority and try to move into the correct lane early enough.

What about indicators? Well, once again, that question could also refer to any other road. In our first example of a long straight road, would we indicate to show other road users our intention to turn right? Yes, of course we would, it is part of our procedure, under normal circumstances. But on the straight road, would a vehicle indicate that they are not intending to turn and are in fact going straight on? The answer to this one is no, not normally, and on roundabouts the DGT say that it is not a requirement, however, it is often advised to implement what we describe as a "courtesy indicator". There is no requirement to indicate that we are going straight on, but as the roundabout often requires quicker responses to movements, indications that we are not turning off, by using our left turn indicator, can be considered courteous and affirms our intentions.

There are some people who say that there is not enough time to do all of this on a roundabout, but as any driving instructor or professional would tell you, when it comes to driving, there is one way in which you can give yourself more time, that is to slow down.

If we put our three basic principles into practice, we will soon see that the process is slightly less confusing than we might have thought. Always drive on the right, under normal circumstances, and always exit a roundabout from the right hand lane, unless signs or signals tell you otherwise.

### Man Killed in Motorway Hit and Run

A 59 year old man from Aspe died on Thursday after being involved in a hit and run tragedy on the A7 motorway.



The man had been involved in a minor crash on the motorway in the Elche area, in which the drivers of both vehicles were uninjured, but the man had left his vehicle and was then struck by the truck as he crossed the roadway.

The truck failed to stop at the scene and fled, leaving the victim on the road. Guardia Civil traffic officers rushed to the scene, along with emergency medics and carried out CPR on the victim, but there was nothing that could be done to save the life of the victim.

Another motorist at the scene managed to photograph the truck and although the number plate is illegible in that picture, investigators are now aware of the make, model and colour of the vehicle and information on the plate on a container it was carrying, and are confident that they will be able to track down the driver.

### Spotting Speed Traps Made Simpler

Getting caught speeding is one of those times when we all perhaps feel a little bit guilty, but our strongest emotion is often towards those who have caught us breaking the law, almost disbelief at the audacity of the reporting officer for having the downright cheek to fine us, when it is in fact usually the driver who is in the wrong.

Spotting a camouflaged car may be a hobby for some, although many others are still oblivious until the uniformed officers flag them down or a fine arrives in the post.

Seasoned experts may well know what to look out for in some vehicles, whether it is a nipple like protrusion coming from the front of the car, a slim silver box perched on the window, or a person on board in bright clothing watching a screen, spotting a radar car was not quite as easy as it seemed.



In addition, there have also been a lot of hoaxes about new hidden radars in the past, a favourite being a picture of a Skoda car with a radar hidden in the roof box. Although in actual fact it was a real photo, the car was not Spanish. We do know where it was from by the way, but we´ll not spoil that surprise.



Although it was not common practice, there have been occasion of radar equipment hidden behind dustbins or parked cars, between trees or in tunnels, but now all of this is a thing of the past, as the DGT promote their new transparency method of operation in speeding clampdowns.



We have already published an article detailing how the DGT is starting to publish the location of mobile radars, with 305 routes published in the two areas under focus already. This information is in addition to the publication of fixed cameras, which they have done for some time. By the summer, the DGT aim to publish the location of 1,200 routes where mobile radars will be in place at some point.

In addition, the option of hiding radar equipment was taken away in February, now the radar must be visible. But not only that, the camouflaged radar cars will also be carrying an information board which the officers will put on the road warning drivers of their presence.



Although the sign may be somewhat discreet, around 30 centimetres across, it is intended to warn drivers that they are in a current speed trap area. The signs will also be placed near to the standard speed warning signs on the road too, and will be visible at least 100 metres before the radar, so you will have enough time to check what speed you´re driving at, bearing in mind the new margin of error with the new law is 7%. So every opportunity is given to you to ensure you know the maximum speed and that you are complying before the radar, and there is no excuse that you “didn´t know the speed limit”.

With the intention of speed traps being to ensure that drivers adhere to the maximum permitted speed, the overall aim is of safety. Speed checks are always on roads with a high incident rate, many of which have seen fatal incidents in the past and many of those with excessive speed as a contributing factor.

Although the DGT website will publish the location of the radars, they will not be the precise position that the officers are located, but rather a route over a fixed distance. Therefore, if a driver checks the location, it is hoped that they will be conscious that somewhere out there a speed trap is waiting, and so their speed will be reduced over more of the route than if the driver just happens to spot the radar or sign.

By warning drivers of their presence, it is hoped that more drivers will slow down and the roads will become safer as a result.

### Dangerous Thief Steals Ambulance

Officers from the Guardia Civil gave chase to an ambulance on Saturday which had been stolen during a patient transfer in the Béjar area of Salamanca.



Whilst the ambulance were unloading a patient on a stretcher who was attending a course of dialysis, the thief jumped on board the emergency vehicle and sped away.

The 112 emergency coordination centre relayed the information immediately to the Guardia Civil, who were instantly able to monitor the whereabouts of the vehicle on account of it having a GPS tracking device installed.

The Guardia Civil set up a roadblock on the route the vehicle was taking in the Cáceres area. However, as the ambulance approached the roadblock, the driver smashed through the vehicle check point and continued. Realising that the vehicle was being monitored by GPS the thief managed to disable the unit, and so the pursuers lost contact, but continued the chase.

The vehicle continued along the A-66 main road, reaching speeds in excess of 170 kilometres per hour, with eyewitnesses reporting how the vehicle seriously endangered motorists were using the highway as the officers continue their chase.

Further roadblocks were set up along the two possible routes the ambulance could take, one being on the EX-100 near the Badajóz town of La Roca de la Sierra, where officers asked other drivers to stop their vehicles and create a physical barrier to prevent the passage of the ambulance.

Finding himself trapped, the offender stopped the ambulance and continued to flee on foot, although the officers continued to give chase, finally stopping the dangerous and callous thief.

The suspect was arrested and identified as a Portuguese resident of Badajóz.

The ambulance, a Fiat Ducato, was recovered and returned, where it is now in the workshop undergoing repairs, whilst currently not in service of its life saving duties.

### Angry Speeder Rams Radar Car

A driver caught speeding by the Guardia Civil on Sunday decided to take revenge for his wrongdoing by turning around and ramming the patrol car.



The incident happened on the PO-331 main road in Pontevdra when the vehicle passed a camouflaged radar car.

Apparently knowing that he had been exceeding the speed limit, the driver of the offending vehicle then turned around and rammed the patrol car.

Witnesses were said to be horrified at the manner in which the offender drove towards the radar car, seemingly with the intention of destroying the radar equipment that was installed in the vehicle

The officer was injured in the attack and had to be airlifted to hospital.

The occurrence of such acts is becoming an increasing risk for the Guardia Civil as they go about their patrols.

### Young Girl Killed in Moped Crash

A 15 year old girl was killed on Tuesday night when the moped she was riding left the road and ended up in a ravine in the Güímar area of Tenerife.

A second person, said to be under the age of 15, was injured in the crash.



The 112 emergency coordination centre received an alert at 21:51 that the moped had been involved in an incident and immediately dispatched two ambulances to the scene, one a paramedic unit, the other a basic life support ambulance, along with the fire service, Guardia Civil and local police.

Upon arrival at the scene the medics could only confirm the death of the 15 year old girl and proceeded to treat the other injured party who had suffered trauma to the knee and was transferred to the Hospital de La Candelaria.

The Guardia Civil have now taken over the investigation to ascertain the facts that led to this tragedy.

### Vehicle Insurance Fraudsters Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested six people in Alicante accused of simulating 45 traffic accidents with the intention of obtaining compensation from insurance companies to the value of 150,000 euro.



The investigation began in September when investigators from the specialist traffic research and analysis unit, GIAT, based in Alicante became aware of the possible existence of the group who operated with the sole intention of obtaining compensation for damage to property and person.

As the investigation continued, the officers became aware of 45 cases of traffic accidents between the members of the group, who exchanged information in the reports in order to claim their payouts.

In the claims, the proportion of claimants and the severity of injuries and damage were inconsistent, with official reports absent in most cases, including a lack of police reports.

What was also questionable was the short space of time between claims from individuals involved in the incidents which had been claimed.

Therefore, the officers proceeded to arrest the six people involved, five men and a women, all aged between 30 and 81 years of age, on suspicion of the offence of fraud.

The arrestees were then delivered to the courts of Alicante for processing.

### Join Fernando Alonso in Alcohol Campaign

Formula 1 racing champion Fernando Alonso has put his name to an alcohol awareness campaign, saying “If you drive, do not drink”.



The motor racing driver has collaborated in an anti drink driving campaign once before, during the 2007 season when he drove for McLaren.

On Tuesday of this week, Alonso presented the latest campaign in Barcelona, urging everybody to join the pact under the title “Únete al Pacto”.

The aim of the campaign message is to raise awareness globally on the incompatibility of alcohol and driving, which is sponsored and supported by the British multinational alcohol manufacturer, Diageo, the company behind such famous alcohol brands as Johnnie Walker, Bailey´s and Guinness, amongst many others.

Alonso´s team mates with McLaren-Honda, Mika Häkkinen and Jenson Button, are also behind the campaign, offering their support in encouraging zero consumption for drivers.

A website has been set up where you too can “join the pact”, and share the some of the emotion of driving that these champions support, which is at www.unete-alpacto.es. A hashtag has also been set up for use on social networks sites, which is #únetealpacto.

To date, Diageo has obtained nearly 1.5 million supporters around the world for this initiative which began in 2006. In Spain, the company has implemented specific actions aimed at young drivers explaining the incompatibility of alcohol and driving.

### Four Injured in Elche Ambulance Crash

Four people were injured in a crash with a basic life support ambulance near the L'Aljub shopping centre in Elche on Tuesday.



The ambulance, which as transferring a patient and their companion, accompanied by a medical intern, an ambulance assistant and the driver, collided with a car and overturned. The ambulance driver was unhurt but the four people in the back of the SVB unit had to be taken to hospital in alternative vehicles.

The driver of the car was also uninjured in the crash.

### UK DVLA Offer Latest Batch of Personalised Plates

DVLA Personalised Registrations has high hopes of success when its second live three-day auction of 2015 gets underway at the Casa Hotel in Chesterfield on Tuesday.



The Agency aims to emulate, or possibly surpass, the magnificent £3.4 million it raised during its first visit to the Derbyshire hotel just over a year ago. And the signs are looking exceptionally good.

As ever, DVLA Personalised Registrations has conjured up an eclectic mix of registrations to suit all tastes and budgets among the 1,600 which will go under the hammer this week. While a huge amount of interest is expected for the registrations KR15 HNA and KR15 HAN, each with reserves of £700 which will feature during the event’s second day on Wednesday, eyes will undoubtedly be focused on TR15 TAN - a registration as close to the first name Tristan as you’re likely to see - which will also be auctioned with a £700 reserve during the third and final afternoon on Thursday.

In addition, residents of the Greater London Borough of Barnet could well be interested in BA12 NET while artists or gallery owners could be enticed to bid on ART 805S, registrations which have been tagged with £700 and £250 reserves respectively.

Matthew Dainton, of DVLA Personalised Registrations, said: “As ever, we can’t predict just how our three-day auctions will go but we are extremely confident that, once again, the Casa Hotel will be another success for the Agency, especially with the amount of interest already shown and the number of registered bidders who have signed up for the event.”

DVLA Personalised Registrations’ forthcoming auction will consist of a total of 1,600 registrations, all chosen to offer a selection to suit all tastes, styles and budgets including: 2222 A (reserve - £2,500), AB11 DUL(£400), AN57 EYS (£700), 25 ARJ (£1,200) BA11 ACK (£700),BE12 THA (£700), BLA 12R (£300), BUN 130Y (£250), 1111 C (£2,500),CAL 80Y (£300), CAZ 175 (£300), CH11 NGS (£700), CL14 RKS (£700),C010 GNE (£700), CR15 TAL (£700), 20 DAD (£1,200), DAZ 247 (£300), DO13 SON (£700), 250 E (£2,500),EGO 70Y (£300), EVO 11T (£300), FA12 AHS (£700) FMO 110Y (£250), FRY 80Y (£300), F457 FER (£250)1111 GB (£2,000), GEZ 95 (£350) GR15 HAM (£700), HO12 ACE (£700), H15  LUV (£250), ICZ 70 (£350),IRZ 1 (£2,000), JAG 805S (£250), JAS 11S (£300), JET 805S (£200), 888 JOY (£1,200), JU57 ENS (£700),KA55 EYS (£700), KAZ 456 (£300), KEN 70W (£300), KYM 80Y (£300), 911 LAD (£1,200),LE15 URE (£700), 11 LYO (£300), MA11 ARD (£700), ME12 VYN (£700), MUS 550N (£250), 123 N (£2,500), NA15 EEM (£700), NAF 70Y (£300), NAT 710N (£250) NEO 2 (£1,200), 1 NUM (£2,400), 888 O (£2,500), OLD 11T(£300), 1 OOV (£2,400), OSB 802N (£250), 444 P (£2,500), 18 PET (£1,200),918 PS (£2,200),RAJ 9S (£350),REL 44Y (£300), RIB 42 (£350), RO11 ERS (£700), 7 ROW (£1,200), 458 S (£2,500), SAJ 80Y (£300), SH14 RPE (£700), SM11 ART (£400), SNO 88Y (£300), TAJ 80Y (£300), TAL 180T (£250), TS51 NGH (£400), UFC 130Y (£250), USH 4 (£1,200), 2222 V (£2,500), VEJ 8Y (£350), 666 W (£2,500), WBA 80Y (£300), WEE 80B(£300), 2015 X (£2,500), XJS 7 (£400), XKR 1R (£500), 140 Y (£2,500), YOU 58F (£300), Y35 GAV (£250).

Although N332 ES is not available, as far as we know, you can view millions of other personalised registrations at DVLA Personalised Registrations’ official website, dvlaregistrations.direct.gov.uk.

### Survey Reveals Worrying Road Rage Statistics in the UK

carwow, the UK’s largest new-car buying platform, finds that 81 per cent of British drivers have been a victim of road rage
	One in five British drivers have actually got out of their car to confront another driver
	Respondents also revealed that in a worrying 48 per cent of cases someone has driven aggressively at them as a result of road rage
	City driving reported as by far the most frustrating environment



Research by carwow, the UK’s largest new-car buying platform, has revealed that a staggering 81 per cent of drivers have at one point been a victim of road rage. Worryingly, in nearly half of those cases victims told carwow that someone had driven aggressively at them as a result.

To make matters worse, five per cent of victims reported they had been physically attacked and four per cent claimed their car had been damaged as a result of road rage. Incredibly, one in five respondents said they had got out of their car to confront someone.

carwow’s figures – taken from a survey of 1000 UK drivers – reveal a worrying trend for frustration on Britain’s increasingly crowded road network. Almost half of drivers found city driving to be the most frustrating, while one in four said that motorway journeys were sure to rub them up the wrong way.

The Institute of Advanced Motorists’ Head of Driving Standards, Pete Rodger said: “This research highlights a common problem on UK roads, and no matter how you look at it, driving dangerously to try and teach someone a lesson is never the solution. We’d recommend plenty of forward planning, give other drivers room, stay in control and try to stay calm – everybody makes mistakes.”

carwow’s survey also asked respondents to name the reasons for road rage, with 74 per cent claiming it was because of bad driving, 30 per cent saying other drivers are too slow and six per cent getting road rage because another driver got angry at them.

### New App for Vehicle Maintenance Schedule

Driving a vehicle of fourteen years of age or older, triples the risk of being involved in an incident compared to a new vehicle, according to information provided by Conforauto Hankook Masters.



The announcement was made on Monday during the presentation of their new virtual maintenance application, “Libro de Mantenimiento Virtual”, which also shows how the cost of maintenance increases with age.

The company says that they attend 4.4 million roadside assistance incidents each year due to mechanical problems. They also say that a staggering 70% of drivers ignore the time when tyres should be changed, 62% never carry out maintenance on suspension, 52% never check the battery, and 47% never check their brakes or oil level.

The new application, which is free to download, offers helpful advice and schedules for maintenance, as well as pointing you in the direction of your nearest Conforauto Hankook Masters workshop.

### Four Road Deaths this Weekend

A total of four people lost their lives on the roads of Spain this weekend, in the provisional count between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.



Of those who were killed, one was a motorcyclist and another a cyclist. Seven other people were injured in the four fatal incidents recorded.

On Friday, there were no fatalities recorded, whereas on Saturday there were three deaths, the first in the León municipality of Brazuelo, when a vehicle left the A-6 main road.

Two incidents were recorded in Granada, when a van overturned resulting in one person being killed and seven injured. The second Granada incident involved the death of a motorcyclist.

On Sunday, a cyclist was killed when hit by a vehicle in Mallorca.

### Child Arrested Driving Granddad’s Car

Officers from the local police in Villanueva de la Serena, a city in the Province of Badajoz, Extremadura, arrested a 14 year old child on suspicion of reckless driving and driving without a license.



The incident occurred at 04:40 on Monday morning when a patrol involved in surveillance duties observed a vehicle without lights and performing manoeuvres consistent with criminal activities.

The patrol ordered the suspect vehicle to stop, but it attempted to flee at speed. As the officers called for support, a number of patrols joined the chase and successfully stopped the vehicle.

Upon approaching the car, the officers found it was occupied by two children, later to be confirmes as aged 14 and 15. The 14 year old driver was identified as the grandson of the vehicle owner and had taken the vehicle without permission.

The police stressed the importance of parents to “exercise control” over their children, as at the time of day that this incident took place, children should “not be freely in the streets”.

### Promoting Green Routes

On Sunday the 10th of May, the seventeenth annual Día Nacional de Las Vías Verdes celebrates alternative green routes for cyclists and pedestrians through some idyllic scenery.

Many of the routes follow the paths of disused railway lines, such is the case of one in Torrevieja which runs adjacent to the salt lakes, free of cars and offering a more leisurely route than roadways.



This year, the slogan is “Vive la Vía: ¡muévete!” With a variety of activities arranged on many of these routes throughout the country, with races, information strolls, mountain bike routes and more, all celebrating the environmental beauty that surrounds these once industrial arteries.

As well as centring on the day of the 10th, events take place right through the month of May, with the aim of promoting the green routes and their environmental and health benefits, whilst encouraging positive habits and activities for the whole family.

A website is available that provides more details about the activities being promoted, which van be visited at www.viasverdes.com, where there are also links to social network sites such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube.



Meanwhile, on the same day, the annual Dekabike event takes place in Decathlon stores around the country. On the Orihuela Costa, the event starts at the Zenia Boulevard store at 10:30, where there will also be entertainment and games for all the family.

The cycle route will then cover 6.5 kilometres of the Orihuela Costa, all at a leisurely pace, enabling those who take part to enjoy a restful ride through the scenery of the coast.

Everybody is welcome to take part, but you must register in advance at the Decathlon store before Saturday.

Cycle helmets are mandatory for those taking part, and more details are available at the store.

### Stupid Superman Fined

A fake Superman has got into serious trouble this week, after risking his own life for an internet viral video stunt.

The film, which was posted online, shows a male imitating the flying pose of Superman pull up alongside a moving vehicle, tapping on the window and then speaking to the driver. After a few moments, “superman” then retires back towards the rear of the vehicle.



In reality, the fake superman is a passenger in the rear of the moving vehicle who leans out of the window and moves alongside the driver before returning inside the car.

The formal complaint has been raised against the driver for negligence and endangering life and the passenger for not wearing a seatbelt and behaviour inappropriate whilst driving.

It is also believed that the two men featured in the video are fire fighters from the town of Los Corrales de Buelna in Cantabria and, although they were not on duty at the time, may also face internal disciplinary proceedings.

There is an article on the n332.es website about the dangers of leaning out of the window and keeping safe inside the vehicle here.

### Key Copier Arrested

Officers from the fiscal analysis and investigation branch of the Guardia Civil have arrested a 46 year old man in San Javier on suspicion of a crime of intellectual property, after 14,000 components for car key controls were seized by the officers.



The equipment seized could have allowed access and the theft of tens of thousands of vehicles and were distributed as counterfeited keys and control fobs via the internet from a business located in San Javier.

The investigators, who are based in Alicante-Elche airport, discovered the information as part of an investigation which began in February, and have now made the arrest of the man who has been brought before the courts of Elche.

### Replacing Older Cars for New - Plan PIVE

According to information published in a survey conducted on behalf of the motor manufacturing industry, the average age of a car on the roads of Spain is 11.5 years, far older than the European average, and older than what is considered to offer the optimum in safety, performance and efficiency.



In fact, the data reveals that 29% of all cars on the roads of Spain are between 11 and 15 years and 24% are over 15 years of age.

Despite incentives by the Spanish government to encourage trading in old cars for new with a sizeable discount, the average age has actually increased by two months from the average of 2014.

The financial crisis has left many families struggling to get by, and so the purchase of a new car has not been apriority for many despite the subsidy available.

At present, there are more than eleven million drivers in Spain who have vehicles older than 10 years, a figure which places Spain as the country with the oldest fleet in the five major European markets of Germany, UK, France and Italy.

The age of cars on Spanish roads has been slowly declining, but there was a dramatic increase which coincided with the financial cr5isis. In 2008, the average age was 8.89 years, in 2009 it was 9.3 years old, in 2010 it was 9.73 years, and by 2011 the 10 year old benchmark was exceeded, reaching a life of 10.26 years. In 2012, the average age was 10.83 years and in 2013, the 11 year old age was passed, reaching an average of 11.34 years of age.

Since 2013, the growth has continued, although by an insignificant amount, and so it is hoped that the trend has stabilised, although even at the current rate of aging, it is believed that by 2017 there will be over 16 million older cars on the roads, a considerable worry when statistically, the older the car, the more likely it seem to be involved in a serious incident.

In a study by RACE in collaboration with Bosch, in a test of impact between two vehicles with a difference of 20 years, the newer vehicle occupants suffered serious but not fatal injuries, whereas the occupants of the older car were killed in the staged collision.

RACE explained that the chances of an accident increase in proportion to the age of the vehicle and that the risk of dying in the accident is also directly related to age it.

The study indicates that, in an accident on a motorway, in a car which is less than four years old, the fatality rate is 1 death per 74 incidents. In the case of a car over 15 years of age, the ratio is 1 death for every 36 incidents. On conventional roads, the death rate is 1 fatality in every 41 incidents in newer cars, and 1 death in every 19 incidents in older vehicles.

According to the study of Race and Bosch, the chance of dying in a traffic incident triples in cars older than 10 years, whereas the other benefit is that a new vehicle consumes 30% less fuel and emits 95% less than an old one.

In terms of the subsidy available for new cars, the Spanish government has their own way of encouraging the owners to trade in for a newer vehicle, under the scheme Plan PIVE.

Currently in its Plan PIVE 8 incarnation, the scheme offers handsome subsidies and is in operation right now, having been launched from the 2nd of March, 2015, for a period of 12 months, or until the funds have run out, from the total of 175 million euro allocated.

Not only is the aim to ensure improvements in safety, as newer cars have evolved to include features which offer more protection, they are also more fuel efficient, and so emissions and pollution are also reduced.

In fact, if the objective 885,000 old vehicles are replaced with new and more efficient models, the drivers will save around 308 million litres of fuel annually, preventing the importation of 1,961,542 barrels of oil per year.

In order to satisfy the requirements, your choice of car will have to be new and registered in Spain, and of the M1 category, which is a passenger car with up to 9 seats, including the driver, or category N1, a light commercial vehicle with a maximum weight of 3.5 tonnes. There are other restrictions applicable too, including a maximum price of the car, but the majority of normal, everyday vehicles will be eligible.

One of the key benefits is that the subsidy is discounted directly at the point of purchase, with garages all fully briefed on the requirements and discounts available, and happy to help you satisfy the requirements, including a certificate of destruction (Certificado de Destrucción), proof of deregistration with the DGT (justificante de baja definitiva en la DGT), your last road tax receipt (IVTM o Impuesto de Circulación) dated no earlier than 2014, and a valid ITV.

The discount awarded is 1,000 euro from the government, plus another 1,000 euro added by the vehicle manufacturer or importer, thus totalling 2,000 euro off the list price. However, in certain circumstances, the grant can reach a total of 3,000 euro.

 

### Nearly 800 New Vehicles for the National Police

The Ministry of the Interior has allocated 45 million euro for the leasing of 779 new vehicles for the National Police.



In addition to providing the different vehicles as per the specification, the provider must also ensure their maintenance for the five year period of the contract.

The investment is the first time that the government has made such a commitment to police vehicles in the last ten years, during which time many of the current fleet has fallen into disrepair, with unions across the country denouncing the standards of some of the vehicles.

The cars must be diesel powered and of a “minivan” type, and be equipped as per the standards set down in the contract for police vehicles.

The interior must also be fitted out to a strict specification, which includes body armour, a protective shield, and be capable of withstanding a minimum of four shots from a submachine gun at a distance of 5 metres, without damaging the occupants.

### Ceremony Commemorates the Anniversary of the Guardia Civil

The Minister of the Interior, Jorge Fernández Díaz, will today preside over the ceremony commemorating the 171st anniversary of the founding of the Guardia Civil.



The ceremony will take place at the “Duque de Ahumada” Guardia Civil training college in Valdemoro, Madrid, commencing at noon.

During the ceremony, Jorge Fernández Díaz will be joined by the director general of the Guardia Civil Guard, Arsenio Fernández de Mesa, along with other civil and military authorities.

The aim of this celebration is to renew the commitment to serve by the Guardia Civil Guard, the endorsement of the validity of the values ​​and principles on which the institution is set and the recognition and appreciation of those members of the corps who have served the public since its creation on the 28th of March, 1844.

### Picking up Unwanted Passengers

Distractions when driving are a major cause of traffic related incidents, from drowsiness to using your mobile, tuning your radio to talking to other vehicle occupants, many of those distractions can be dealt with easily, but others can be so far out of our control, they become an even bigger danger.

What do we do when an insect enters our car, especially if we start to panic that the insect, such as a wasp, might actually attack us?



If an insect enters your vehicle, first and foremost, the advice is do NOT panic. Even though there is a fear, and a risk, insects like wasps do not normally attack unprovoked, and so remaining calm may reassure our insect passenger that we are not posing any kind of threat.

Outside of our vehicles, the most time wasps will sting is when they feel under attack, such as when we wave our arms around trying to deflect it. This action not only confuses the wasp, it too starts to feel threatened and panics, resulting in a defensive attack.

Whilst maintaining our calm persona, and telling all other vehicle occupants to do the same, we need to keep our eyes on the road and our driving, whilst politely asking our insect to leave. It will of course not be quite that simple. Firstly, we probably want to stop our car, so we need to identify a safe place to do so.

An insect in the car is not actually considered an emergency, so the hard shoulder of the motorway is not the place to stop, if you´re on a fast road such as this, wait for the nest service station, or insect is not going anywhere too soon.

On any other road, the normal rules for stopping will apply, find a location that is both safe and convenient and does not cause problems for other road users.

In case you´re wondering, simply opening the windows when the vehicle is moving will usually not work, as the force of the wind will simply blow your insect back inside. Of course, if your vehicle is travelling at a slow speed, this is a more realistic option but remember you are driving a car, not an insect trainer.

If you have stopped, remain calm still. Don´t suddenly panic and start waving your arms, open the windows and the insect might simply leave of its own accord. If not, the vehicle occupants can get out and maybe open the doors, if it is safe to do so.

Remember, the insect is not actually trying to cadge a lift to another location, it will have entered your vehicle unintentionally, but don´t worry too much that it might be lost in the wilderness, it will find a new home.

Once the insect has left, your journey can continue, but you might want to check for any others that may have entered before you set off.

Oh, and by the way, the picture below is of an abandoned car where wasps have made their nest. This will not happen to you on the short trip you are making. Remember, stay calm.

### Mobile Speed Trap Locations Published

In a bid to reduce the number of speeding motorists on the roads, thus subsequently reducing the number of speed related incidents, the DGT has published a list of mobile radar speed traps on the roads of Asturias and Castilla y León.



The DGT already publishes national information on the location of fixed speed cameras, information which is also available on some mobile devices such as GPS units, which are legal to own on account of the information already having been published.

A recent law prohibited the use of devices which advised drivers of mobile radar traps, and so this information is now published is unique.

The measure forms part of an overall plan of transparency to ensure drivers respect speed limits on the road, and with the information published for the two areas covering the month of May, it is expected that the information will spread to other areas where speed checks are intensified, as is the case in Asturias and Castilla y León.

If you would like to see the location of the fixed cameras around the country, you can click this link and choose your area...

http://www.dgt.es/es/el-trafico/control-de-velocidad/

If you would like to download the list of mobile speed check location which have been published currently, the information is available via this page...

http://www.dgt.es/es/el-trafico/control-de-velocidad/radaresmoviles.shtml

Please remember though, that the use of radar detectors and inhibitors is still illegal in Spain, only certain devices which report on fixed camera locations can be used.

 

### Drunk Truck Driver Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil in Murcia arrested the driver of a 40-ton articulated truck who was driving with nine times the permitted amount of alcohol in his system.

The vehicle was observed zigzagging as it drove along the A-30 Albacete to Murcia road in the Murcia area, after several other drivers reported the vehicle to the police.

Having stopped the truck at kilometre 135,500 the vehicle was removed to a nearby service station.,

The driver was then requested to provide a sample of breath, which showed a positive result for alcohol of 1.33 and 1.31 milligrams of alcohol per litre of exhaled air, nine times the 0.15milligrams per litre maximum for a professional driver.

The vehicle, which was carrying vegetables, was immobilised until the next day.

The 55 year old Polish driver was subsequently arrested for the offence, and brought before the courts in Murcia, where is will be dealt with as a criminal offence under Article 379 of the Penal Code, with the driver facing up to six months in prison, a hefty fine, community service and a ban of up to four years.

### Hidden Vehicle History – Buying Advice

In the UK, a warning has been issued by vehicle history check experts HPI, about the hidden administrative risks when buying a used car.

The latest survey reveals that a staggering 42% of used car buyers don’t know who legally owns a car that has finance owing on it. The truth is that a vehicle with outstanding finance belongs to the finance house, which has the legal right to repossess that vehicle at anytime, without warning; 1 in 4 cars checked by HPI are subject to outstanding finance.

Nearly a quarter of those surveyed (23%) assumed the car belongs to the person named on the vehicle’s Log Book, highlighting the extent of misconception amongst consumers.   The good news for consumers buying from a dealer is, that if they later discover the vehicle is on finance and repossessed, they will be protected by Innocent Purchaser Protection (IPP) and will be able to get back their money and buy another car.

HPI recommends that you always conduct a vehicle history check BEFORE you buy, it will tell you if the car has outstanding finance against it and enables you to ensure that the finance agreement is concluded before you complete the purchase.

In Spain, similar checks can be conducted through the website of the traffic department, the DGT, via www.dgt.es.

On the front page of the website, under “Trámites y multas”, you will see a link that reads “Informe del Vehículo”. There are many other useful links too, all which are worthwhile looking into, but it is this “Vehicle report” that we are concentrating on here.



The vehicle registry in Spain is managed by the DGT, but the information contained in the database is available to members of the public who have a legitimate reason for requesting the data.

If you know the vehicle number plate or chassis number, you can find out such details as the vehicle Ownership, specifications, number of previous owners, administrative status and ITV expiration date.

Your identification by means of a digital certificate needs to be provided in order to obtain the information on record; this might prove a hurdle to none Spanish speakers, but on on-line translator such as Google can help with most of the content.

There is a small administration fee for obtaining the information, which can be paid for by credit or debit card. Although that fee is considerably lower than the financial risk of purchasing a car that has a dubious history, or has sanctions in place against it.

### Ten Road Deaths this Holiday Weekend

A total of ten people were killed on Spanish roads this weekend, in the provisional balance that counts an extended period due to the May holiday, between 15:00 on Thursday and 20:00 on Sunday.

Of those who lost their lives, three of them were motorcyclist, two were cyclists and at least one was a pedestrian who was knocked down and killed on the N-332 in Campello. The 36 year old Spanish national, who lives in Benidorm, was struck in the early hours of Saturday morning.

The worst day of the period was Saturday when six people were killed and another nine were injured. The occupants of one car had a very lucky escape when their vehicle was saved from falling into the Ebro River by a crash barrier following a collision.



In addition to being a traditional holiday period in coastal zones, the weekend also coincided with the motorcycle Grand Prix in Jerez. During that event, the 112 emergency call centre dealt with 410 incidents relating to the event.

Queues continued throughout Sunday afternoon on many roads heading away from the coastal areas, but were later reported to be easing.

### Slow Down for Horses

A lot of focus is put on more vulnerable road users, and for all the right reasons, on account of the very fact that pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists usually come of worse in a crash, but there are other road users who could pose a hidden problem.



Sometimes, there comes a need to share the road with other, more traditional vehicles, powered by a means that may result in sudden and dramatic actions, on account of these road users having no concept of what roads or traffic are about, horses.

In April, the people of Seville celebrate one of their biggest local fiestas, the Feria de Abril, or April fair, an traditional event attended by around 5 million people each year that dates back to 1847 as a livestock event. These days it is more a celebration of colour, music, dance, and of course horses.

Replica events take place around the country at different times. In Torrevieja, the May Fair is exactly that, a replica of the main fiesta of Seville, which is traditionally held in the port area of the city centre.

These events see numerous horses, some pulling carts, mixing with the normal flow of traffic at times. As horses tend to travel a lot slower than other road vehicles, it is crucial that motorists are aware of how to deal with them.

It is not entirely about fiestas however. Although they may be considered something on an antiquated form of transport, horses are making a return to many streets of Spain carrying out transport duties on a regular basis on account of both their cost saving abilities and environmental benefits.

Horse-drawn carriages are often common in tourist locations and city centres, but it was only recently that Barcelona city council granted a license for a funeral director to carry out the last journey to the cemetery by horse-drawn hearse.



In July, 2014, the Alicante town of Monforte del Cid became the first local council to introduce the horse and cart as part of its household waste collection service, reducing the bill of 400,000 euro by half to just 200,000 euro.



The police and Guardia Civil in Spain both have mounted sections, apart from dealing with crowd control, police horses are a common sight in the capital as horseback patrols take to the streets on a regular basis, whereas the Guardia Civil often use their four-legged assistants to reach more rural areas than foot or motor power can reach. Horses are also showcased in a ceremonial manner too, a popular spectacle for many to observe.



When it comes to dealing with horses, the advice for motorists is, perhaps as always, expect the unexpected. Slow down and be ready to stop if necessary whilst keeping a sharp eye out for signals given by the rider asking vehicles to slow down or stop.

You should watch out for sudden movements as horses can be easily frightened and unpredictable. Keep the noise down to a minimum so as not to startle the horse, so avoid sounding your horn, revving the engine, and even keeping music at a low volume level.

Take extra care on bends, narrow roads or brows of hills, always keep well back and give the horse plenty of room, and if you do get an opportunity to overtake in a safe position, pass wide, slow and quietly, avoiding any sudden moves, giving the horse plenty of room. Once you are clear, you can then accelerate, but do so gently, never speed away, do everything slowly and calmly.



Article 17 or the Reglamento General de Circulación, deals with the control of vehicles or animals, and states that drivers must at all times be able to control their vehicles or animals, and when approaching other road users, they must take the necessary precautions for their safety, especially when it comes to children, the elderly, blind or other persons clearly impaired.

### Being a ‘Middle Seat Child’ Can Spell Success in Later Life

Sitting in the middle seat has long been considered as pulling the short straw; siblings and family members pin you in on both sides, you’re robbed of a window seat and there’s limited leg room.



However, new research conducted for the ŠKODA Octavia, shows that being a middle seat child may well set you up for success in later life, particularly in business.

The study of over 1,000 Brits with two or more siblings shows that 90 per cent of people in ‘director’ level positions sat in the middle, while nearly three quarters (72 per cent) of business owners and over three fifths (62 per cent) of senior managers also found themselves between brothers and sisters when on the road.

These developments may well be to do with the personality traits that middle seat kids develop. ŠKODA's Octavia research shows that 44 per cent of them are now described as easy going, while reasonable (28 per cent), patient (25 per cent), level headed (21 per cent) and adaptable (21 per cent) also score highly. Four fifths (80 per cent) of middle seat kids attribute their work-life success to their childhood car position.

Consultant child psychologist and mother to three children, Laverne Antrobus, comments: “This research by ŠKODA into family car journeys is really interesting; cars are a unique environment and a lot can be revealed when everyone is sitting together in a confined space. It’s fascinating to see how a seating position in the back of the car, often over many years, can directly reflect or influence our personalities. Whether middle seat children were made to sit there or not they seem to develop positive traits which prove to be of real value to them as adults, and often, interestingly, in their careers.”

Although avoiding the least popular seating position was the source of arguments for 43 per cent of families, over two-thirds (66 per cent) of middle seat children actually enjoyed their lot. Moreover, one in ten respondents remains in their allocated position to this day during family road trips.

Alasdair Stewart, head of brand at ŠKODA UK, comments: “As thousands of families take to the roads this bank holiday weekend, we were keen to shine a spotlight on the millions of family interactions that happen in the ŠKODA Octavia every day across the UK. It’s been fascinating to see how in-car dynamics such as seating positions can impact on us as people.”

The ŠKODA Octavia is not just your everyday family car. It was named What Car? Family Car of the Year in 2015.The ŠKODA Octavia is available from £16,525 OTR for a ŠKODA Octavia Hatch.

### Major Traffic Plan Operating This Weekend

This weekend sees another anticipated rush on the roads, as Spain celebrates Labour Day on Friday 1st of May, leading us into a long weekend which also includes the Madrid celebrations on Saturday the 2nd, commemorating the 1808 rebellion against French troops, el Día de la Madre, mother´s day, on Sunday the 3rd, and mixing in the UK bank holiday on Monday and the Mexican celebrations on Tuesday the 5th, with Torrevieja´s May Fair starting on Wednesday.

On top of all this, the motorcycle grand prix, the Gran Premio de España de Motociclismo, also takes place this weekend at Jerez.



Nationally, the most important time surrounds the holidays at the weekend, and so the DGT has launched a special operation to monitor traffic flow which begins at 15:00 on Thursday, the 30th of April.

It is anticipated that there will be a 4% increase in road traffic compared to last year, with 4.7 million trips expected during the holiday weekend.

As usual, it is anticipated that the main flow of traffic will originate in city and inland areas and head towards the coastal and mountainous recreational areas

Thursday evening is expected to be particularly bust as city dwellers finish work and head to the coast, which will also produce a similar situation on Friday morning and early afternoon.

Shorter journeys on coastal roads and near retail zones are the anticipated problem for Saturday, before many of the tourists will start to return inland on Sunday, which is expected to see the biggest concentration of movement.

As for the motorcycle race, this is expected to be busier on Saturday, and even worse on Sunday as the races come to an end and traffic starts to leave. Surveillance will be stepped up on all roads around the area, paying particular attention to the more vulnerable road users who may partake in risky or dangerous behaviour. During the Easter holiday period, motorcyclist deaths increased from 7 last year to 12 during this year´s weekend activities.

In order to improve the flow of traffic, many scheduled road works will be suspended and there will be restrictions on movements of certain heavy and dangerous goods vehicles.

The Guardia Civil traffic department will be out in force monitoring the flow of vehicles on the ground, with helicopters from the DGT providing sir support throughout. In addition, there will be extra lanes created in certain key areas to allow more traffic to pass.

In the interest of safety there will also be an intensified campaign monitoring for speeding vehicles on the roads, as well as for drivers who have consumed alcohol or drugs.

Alternative routes are available at some areas and information on traffic movement can be obtained from the DGT website. As always, the advice is to plan your journey in advance, allow ample time, take plenty of breaks and ensure that your vehicle and you are prepared for what might be a longer than usual journey.

### New Guardia Civil Vehicle Parts Contracts Awarded

The largest tyre manufacturer in the world, Bridgestone Corporation, has been awarded the contract to supply the Guardia Civil motor pool with tyres for the years 2015 and 2016, in a deal valued at 6.55 million euro, according to information published in the Official Gazette (BOE).



The company, which was founded in 1931 in Japan, was named after the founder, Shojiro Ishibashi, translated his surname into English and found it to mean “stone bridge” in Japanese.

Spanish leading distributor of parts and services for industrial vehicles, Automotive and Industry, the company Europart Hispano Alemana, or EPHA, will also take over the supply of batteries, in a contract worth a total of 666,905 euro.

### Help Save Kids Lives

Between the 4th and the 10th of May, many countries around the globe will celebrate the Third World Road Safety Week, which this time the United Nations has dedicated to children.

Worldwide, some 500 children die every single day in traffic related incidents, whereas in Spain, the DGT report that in 2013, 46 children under 14 years of age were killed in road accidents, 410 were seriously injured and 5,502 suffered minor injuries.

During the campaign in Spain, under the banner “Salvemos a los niños”, children are encouraged to join in with various awareness activities, supported by the adult population, to promote such safe practices as wearing seatbelts, including in buses, wearing helmets and keeping safe and visible on the roads, whilst also encouraging awareness in adults of similar attitudes, including eliminating alcohol consumption for drivers.

A hashtag has been created for social network sites, which is #SaveKidsLives, and all children can participate by signing the Child Declaration on the website, www.savekidslives2015.org as well as participating in a share a selfie campaign, which has been nicknamed with the hashtag #safie.

You can read more in this previous article here.

### Europe Presents Immobilisation Plan in Excessive Alcohol Cases

The European Commission has presented plan son Monday that will facilitate the implementation of devices that block vehicles from starting if it detects that the driver has consumed alcohol.



The plan extends a mechanism that already applies to drivers punished for drink driving in three member states, and the plan is now to implement the measure across the continent for all drivers.

The code will come into force on the 15th of May in the Netherlands, Finland and Sweden, with the commission insisting that it is for each member state to decide whether or not to implement the system.

The initial aim is to prevent re-offending drivers who have been punished for driving with excessive alcohol in their system but have not lost their license.

Belgium, Germany and Denmark are already preparing their own legislation in line with the changes, whereas the system has been adopted in France already, but only for drivers of school buses.

### Speed Check Cars Given to Local Councils

The Directorate General of Traffic (DGT) has given two vehicles to municipalities in Santander and Marina de Cudeyo to be used in campaigns for controlling speed and the use of alcohol and drugs.



A formal presentation of the vehicles took place this weekend with local mayors accepting the vehicles which will be used by the police in their respective areas.

The vehicles are equipped with breathalysers and speed monitoring equipment, and are part of a collaboration agreement between the Ministry of the Interior and local councils.

Spokesperson for the government of Cantabria, Samuel Ruiz, said in a presentation that “excessive or inappropriate speed remains one of the main causes of traffic accidents”, reporting how some 450 local drivers from Cantabria were reported for speeding in the last campaign.

The delegates valued the “essential collaboration” between bodies such as the Guardia Civil and local police “in order that increasingly more drivers will respect speed limits”, as well as the use of alcohol and drugs.

### Speeding Biker Faces Prison

The Catalan Police have charged a motorcyclist with a serious crime against road safety, after clocking the vehicle travelling at 143 kilometres per hour on a road where the maximum limit is 50.

The incident occurred during the week on calle Doctor Aiguader in Barcelona, when the police were involved in a speed check point.

The motorcyclist is facing criminal charges on account of the excessive speed, which amplifies the offense beyond an administrative sanction, and so the biker may face a prison sentence for the crime, a hefty fine and community service.

The police launched an extensive campaign to clamp down on speeding motorists in the interest prevention, aimed at reducing the accident rate, the number of victims and potential severity of injuries.

### Four Deaths on the Roads this Weekend

Four people have been killed on Spain´s roads this weekend, in the provisional count by the DGT between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.

The first fatal crash of the weekend occurred at 00:45 on Saturday morning in the Burgos town of Villaldemiro, when a truck crashed into the back of a car on the A-62, killing a 43 year old man. It is believed that the truck driver was distracted.

At 06:30 am on Saturday morning a car ran over a 41 year old pedestrian on the TF-64 road at Medano, in the Tenerife municipality of Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

At around 23:30 on Saturday night, a vehicle left the N-332R road in Valencia as it passes through the town of Tabernes de la Valldigna, resulting in one person being killed.

On Sunday morning, at 02:50, a 61 year old driver was killed when the car he was driving left the road.

There have also been a couple of lucky escapes this weekend too. In Torrevieja a pedestrian was injured in the early hours of Saturday morning, caught in a spectacular crash in which 5 vehicles suffered damage.

A car apparently skidded at a junction of calle Moriones and calle Ramón Gallud and collided with another vehicle which then collided with a parked car and that car was shunted into two others, trapping the pedestrian who was treated for minor injuries at the scene.

In Pamploma, a 65 year old pedestrian was hit by a passenger car and suffered serious injuries, the car then ending up rolling over as a result of the incident.

### Orihuela Town Hall Helps International Residents with Driving Talk

Members from the N332 road safety Project were invited by the Orihuela Councillor for International Residents, Martina Scheurer, to give a presentation at the Orihuela Costa town hall this week, where residents from various nationalities attended to learn more about driving in Spain.



Split into two sessions, the first part in English and the second part translated into German by the International Residents Office head, Heike Schug, with website manager Mark Nolan introducing the idea behind the N332 project and the creation first of the Facebook page by members of the Guardia Civil in Torrevieja, and the subsequent creation of the website by a separate group of professionals to catalogue the information in order to make it easier to find.



Francisco Morales, a serving traffic police officer from Torrevieja, who is in charge of coordinating the team from the Guardia Civil, then took the participants through many of the more common questions that have arisen through both Facebook and the website, everything from driving license renewal, documents you must carry in the car, mobility scooters and microcars, cycles, overtaking and more, including how to spot an unmarked police car.



It is the first time a town hall has taken the initiative to invite the group to give a presentation, which was kept brief with the promise of returning to offer more in-depth presentations on key aspects about driving after the summer period, focusing on many more of the specific questions raised.



The group can be contacted via the Facebook page, and the website, as well as the International Residents Office offering to forward enquiries on your behalf, should you not have access to Facebook. Although, as the team explained, it is not always possible to respond to individual enquiries, those most frequent questions will form the basis of articles published via the internet and other mediums, to ensure that you questions do get answered in some way.

### Over Thirty Thousand Speeders Caught in a Week

In the seven day anti-speeding campaign that ran on Spain´s roads from the 13th to the 19th of April, 735,496 vehicles were checked, from which 32,186 drivers were reported for exceeding speed limits (representing 4.4% of the total), and two of them were brought before the courts for driving at more than 80 kilometres per hour above the speed limit.

Due to the high percentage of accidents and incidents that occur on conventional roads, those roads that have a single lane in each direction, these were the primary focus of the campaign, although not exclusively.

On motorways where the generic speed limit is 120 kilometres per hour, 239,688 vehicles were checked, with 9,347 drivers reported for speeding, with an average speed of 138 kilometres per hour recorded.

On conventional roads, 439,608 vehicles were monitored, from which 19,905 drivers were reported, recording an average speed of 114 kilometres per hour on roads where the limit was 90 or 100 kilometres per hour.

Finally, on roads where the maximum permitted speed was 50 kilometres per hour, 56,200 vehicles were checked, with 2,934 drivers reported, recording an average speed of 71 kilometres per hour.

### Can I Put a Flag on My Car

Can I Fly a Flag on my Car?
Patriotism may give us a warm feeling of belonging, and the notion that members of a country may stick together as one is something which has stood the test of time, but displaying that patriotism on a vehicle can lead to a whole range of problems, resulting in a situation becoming a danger to other road users, unless it is done correctly.

Whether it is of a country, a football team or just a group to which you belong, carrying a flag to show your support is something that many people may consider, but it can also lead to fines from the traffic police if your flag does not comply with the regulations, not because the flag may show support for another country, but because they can lead to danger.

Artículo 14 of the Reglamento Circulacion deals with the distribution of loads, under the heading “Disposición de la carga”. Although a flag may not be considered to be a “load”, because it is an element which is additional to the normal fixtures of the vehicle, then it qualifies as such.

As such, in the interests of safety, anything carried on a vehicle must not drag fully or partially, fall or move dangerously, interfere with vehicle stability, produce noise, dust or other problems that can be avoided and must not hide the lighting and signals, number plates or anything else which could interfere with manual warnings of the drivers.

Anything which is placed outside the vehicle when it is moving will produce drag. Cars and road vehicles are designed through extensive testing in wind tunnels in order for them to minimise this.

Quite clearly, if a flag is of a large enough size, it will produce considerable drag. It may well interfere with the view of lights, number plates and other fixtures, and could blow or fall into the path of other road users, and is a risk in terms of becoming loose or entangles in either the vehicle carrying it, or others.

Not permitted.

Therefore, quite clearly, large flags are not allowed. However, there are smaller, purpose built flags which are permitted. These are often seen attached to the windows of vehicles, or sometimes as part of the main structure, such as one might see in a Presidential limousine.

Allowed.

Allowed.

Similarly, there are other accessories available which can be fitted to a vehicle safely, such as covers for the wing mirrors, so long as the active view of the mirror is not obscured.

Allowed.

A flag draped or tied across the bonnet or roof, or any part of the vehicle, would not be permitted, nor would covers to the sun visors, which could interfere with the visibility of the driver.

Not permitted.

Not permitted.

There are some exceptions to this rule when a road is closed to normal traffic, such as when an organised parade is taking place, at which time, larger flags are permitted.

If you do wish to display a flag on your car during normal driving conditions, take into account the size of the flag as there are no approved flags for use on the car, and small enough to not pose any kind of risk. If you do this, your patriotism can be displayed for all to see, but fall foul of the law and the consequences will be a considerable financial burden.

Reglamento Circulacion
Artículo 14 Disposición de la carga

	
La carga transportada en un vehículo, así como los accesorios que se utilicen para su acondicionamiento o protección, deben estar dispuestos y, si fuera necesario, sujetos de tal forma que no puedan:

	
a) Arrastrar, caer total o parcialmente o desplazarse de manera peligrosa.

	
b) Comprometer la estabilidad del vehículo.

	
c) Producir ruido, polvo u otras molestias que puedan ser evitadas.

	
d) Ocultar los dispositivos de alumbrado o de señalización luminosa, las placas o distintivos obligatorios y las advertencias manuales de sus conductores.

### Euro NCAP Reveals Latest Safety Ratings

The new large MPV Renault Espace is awarded 5 stars in the latest Euro NCAP safety test results. The Suzuki Vitara supermini also receives 5 stars, and picks up points for its Autonomous Emergency Braking system (included in the rating scheme since last year).

Also published this month are the Fiat 500X in the Small MPV category and the Mazda 2, a Supermini, both of which were awarded 4 stars.

### New EU Directive Means No Escape from Traffic Fines

A new European law is about to come into force which allows foreign drivers who commit traffic offences in other countries to be sanctioned for the offences, or face legal proceedings in any member state country.



The European Council has adopted a policy for cross-border exchange of information on traffic offences, which must be implemented in most countries across the continent no later than the 6th of May, with the exception of the UK, Ireland and Denmark who have been given a two year extension on implementation.

Under the new policy, the exchange of data covers eight traffic offences: speeding, not wearing seat a seatbelt, failure to stop at a red light, driving under the influence of alcohol, driving under the influence of drugs, not wearing a helmet, driving in a forbidden lane, and illegally using a mobile phone or any other communication devices while driving.

Currently there is no mechanism in place to force foreigners to pay fines in none resident countries by means of restraint or seizure, but the change will ensure that there is no escaping the law, or the fines.

In Spain, the DGT has been working on implementing a new policy to satisfy the obligation. Together with the administrative proceedings that can be launched against drivers, criminal liability will also be ensured.

Travelling at a speed excessively higher than that which is permitted on the road amplifies cases beyond administrative sanctions and it becomes a criminal matter, punishable with imprisonment, withdrawal of license, community service and a fine. A driver who has committed an offence of this type can no longer ignore the criminal liability of legal proceedings being opened.

The new directive on cross-border data exchange is a replica of the policy adopted in 2011 by the EU ensuring police cooperation as a legal basis, but the directive was annulled by the courts in 2014, giving a year for a new legal framework to be implemented. The objective of the new policy remains the same as before, to improve road safety and to ensure equal treatment of all drivers.

Under the new rules, member states can access national vehicle registration data from other countries in order to find those responsible for certain offenses that put road safety at risk. The alleged offender may be contacted with a sample letter included in the policy, but that depends on the member state where the offence took place, as each country has autonomy in deciding to decide how to process the sanctions.

Currently, the legislation does not allow states to enforce payment of fines in the event of a driver being resident abroad, but the new directive means that the fine can be collected and judicial proceedings can be opened wherever they live and in whichever country to offence was committed.

### School Bus Involved in Serious Crash

A 27 year old male was seriously injured on Tuesday after the BMW 330 he was driving collided with a school bus carrying 52 young children, aged between 3 and 4, accompanied by six monitors, all returning from a day trip.

The bus was returning to the colegio Urretxindorra in Bilbao after a trip to the Karpin Abentura adventure park when the incident occurred at 15:15 in the municipality of Ampuero, at kilometre 78,200 of the N-629 road, which was closed to traffic for two hours as a result.



The occupants of the bus, including the driver, were unharmed in the crash, apart from the shock of the incident, whereas the male driver of the BMW had to be extracted from the car by fire fighters, before being transferred to the Politraumatología the Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, in a serious condition, where he is being treated for his injuries, including multiple fractures and a dislocated left knee and having had to be intubated on the way to hospital.

The ferocity of the collision was such that the front of the car was completely unrecognizable and one of its front wheels appeared under the bus, where it had travelled for around one hundred meters. The wife and friends of the injured driver, a resident of the area, arrived at the scene within minutes.

An investigation has been launched to ascertain the cause of the crash.

 

### Pegasus to Focus on Dangerous Roads

The DGT has announced that the helicopters equipped with the Pegasus radar equipment will be focussing their attention on roads with high accident rates in the next few months.



The announcement was made during a working meeting held in A Coruña attended by the chief of the helicopter unig, Jesús Guardia, in which all heads of the seven helicopter bases attended, along with pilots and observers from the operational units.

During the meeting Guardia said that various matters were discussed, such as monitoring traffic coordination with management centres and ground patrols of the Guardia Civil, and how the focus from the director general of traffic, Maria Segui, was to monitor areas with a known high accident rate. These areas are located in almost all cases on conventional roads, with traffic flowing in both directions and without any kind of separation, where the majority of fatal crashes occur, accounting for around 90% of the total number of casualties.

The Pegasus airborne radar speed detectors can operate from a distance as far as 1,000 feet in the air, or 300 metres, and are able to pinpoint speeding vehicles up to a kilometre away, travelling at speeds of up to 360 kilometres per hour.

Meanwhile, on Pegasus equipped helicopter went for a journey by road itself this week, as the aircraft based in Galicia was taken on the back of a truck to Madrid for repairs, after a fault was discovered when the helicopter was giving a demonstration to school children. The pilot noticed a fault and aborted the flight, leaving the helicopter at the site awaiting the recovery truck

### Four Deaths on the Roads This Weekend

A total of four people lost their lives on Spanish roads this weekend, in the provisional count between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday, 19 April, 2015.

There were four fatal crashes during the course of the weekend, in which two other people were also injured.

On Sunday, a motorcyclist in his sixties was killed when his motorbike was in collision with a car in Catral. An emergency ambulance attended but could do nothing to save the life of the man, a resident of Barrio San José in Callosa de Segura.

Four young males had a lucky escape on Sunday morning when the car they were driving in left the road and landed in the sea, becoming fully submerged wedged between two rock faces. The incident occurred at around 4 in the morning in the town of Foz, Galicia. An emergency helicopter assisted in the rescue, taking two of the victims to land. All four of the occupants were treated in hospital.



Also on Sunday, a cyclist was seriously injured with facial trauma and abdominal pain in a crash on the A7 motorway. An emergency ambulance took the man to hospital once stable.

### Guardia Civil Looking for Hit and Run Vehicle

The Guardia Civil are seeking assistance in locating a vehicle and occupants involved in a fatal crash earlier this month.

The car is a grey Peugeot 307 which was involved in an incident on Saturday, April 5, at the Km. 37,400 of the A2 Madrid to Zaragoza road, when a pedestrian was fatally hit.

As a result of the incident, the car is likely to have suffered damage, probably to the left hand side of the front, which could be either a dent of scratches.

In addition to being grey in colour, the vehicle is believed to have the letters “FTX” in its number plate and is similar to the vehicle pictured.



If anybody knows the location of the vehicle, or sees one which corresponds to the type, colour and identifying factors, please call the Guardia Civil or police immediately. You can also contact the Guardia Civil in Madrid who are investigating the incident on 914577700 ext. 169.

### Warning Over Fake Tax Refund Emails

The Spanish Ministry of Finance has issued a warning this week over fake emails that are being sent to people asking for bank details in order to reimburse money collected through taxes.



The emails state that the recipient has been chosen for a repayment, with a description in Spanish such as “han sido elegidos para el reembolso de una cantidad de dinero por impuestos”.

The Ministry has stated that under no circumstances would they send emails asking for bank or credit card details, but the fake messages are convincing on account of the scammers using similar forms to the ministry and accompanying logos.

They have stressed that any return of income is made ​​by established legal procedures by the Tax Agency and is done personally, to the individual or their representative, and never through this method, so vigilance is required in the event of receiving such a communication.

With so many fake emails and internet scams around, it is important to verify the source of the message before submitting personal details. Official institutions and banks do not ask you to send details in this manner, but if there is ever any doubt, you should contact them, by telephone or in person, before submitting details.

The ministry has already submitted a file of evidence to criminal investigators relating to this particular case.

### Keeping Safe in the Vehicle

In days of old, train passengers were warned against leaning out of the window, with a generation aware of the risk of decapitation from a passing locomotive, a fearful possibility, but one which is also very much a risk when it comes to travelling by car.

Not just the head of course, but all extremities such as arms and legs should be kept inside the protective shell of the vehicle. As the weather starts to get hotter it may be tempting to relax into the false sense of security that summer cruising might suggest, but sticking your head, arms or legs out of the window is not a very good idea.



There are countless documented cases of motorists suffering serious injury when “clipped” by a passing car, as well as the more gruesome stories of the loss of limbs in the event of a crash. Having an arm out of the window also poses a risk to other road users such as cyclists and motorcyclists. Being able to put your head out of the window implies that the seatbelt is not worn correctly. If your body parts are not within the safety cage of the vehicle, then you are at risk and are risking others.



Arms extended from the vehicle may also confuse other road users who might think that you are giving hand signals, thus posing a risk that those drivers may incorrectly react to what they think you are gesturing. Visibility may also be obscured as a result, blocking the vehicle´s mirrors and making it difficult to observe the vehicle surroundings correctly.

Even within the vehicle there is a serious risk of injury if you are not sitting correctly. An all too common sight in the summer months in particular is a car passenger with their feet up on the dashboard, a practice that is not only illegal, but is extremely dangerous.

In the event of a crash, if a passenger is travelling with their feet up on the dashboard, the injuries that may occur will be very serious, partly as the deployment of the airbag can cause more serious injuries than it prevents in this situation, and, irrespective of an airbag being present, the glass from the windscreen can cause serious injury, not to mention the effects of a passenger being crushed by the impact between the dashboard and the seat.

Proper posture is not only important for avoiding niggles such as back or neck pain, it is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the safety features designed for the vehicle. In fact, all vehicle occupants must always maintain a proper position while riding in the vehicle.

Article 18, Section 1 of Royal Decree 1428/2003 of 21 November, approving the Rules of the road, states that “The driver of a vehicle must maintain their own freedom of movement, the required field of vision and permanent attention to driving, to ensure their own safety, that of other vehicle occupants and other road users. To achieve this, you must take special care to maintain the proper position and that of the passengers, and the proper placement of objects or animals transported so that there can be no interference between the driver and any of them“.

Keeping both hands on the steering wheel, not leaning with an elbow on the window, keeping your arms inside the vehicle may have been the repetitive messages our driving instructor taught us when we first took lessons, but the advice is still very much key to a safe driving experience.

### Spain Launches Eco Friendly Vehicle Badge

The DGT are in the process of sending environmental recognition badges to the 10,000 registered owners of zero emission vehicles in the country, in order for owners to identify their vehicles as being environmentally friendly, and receive the rewards of lower tax, parking and priority movements through certain city areas.



Spain has often been a pioneer in eco-friendly vehicle use, and this latest campaign is thought to be the first of its kind in Europe. The initial focus has been in the large cityscapes of Madrid and Barcelona, and has been developed through agreements with the major car brands that have production plants in Spain, such as Renault and Nissan, as well as manufacturers and companies committed to alternative fuel such as Ecooltra, Urbaser and BMW.

The 10,000 registered vehicles with “zero local emissions” in Spain are formed of a variety of different types, including pure electric vehicles (BEV), extended-range electric vehicle (REEV), hydrogen vehicles (HICEV) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEV).



The owners of those vehicles will soon receive an explanatory letter from the DGT, with the new environmental badge which will be identifiable throughout the country. The environmental badge is inspired by the National Plan for Air Quality and Protection of the Atmosphere (2013-2016) in which it is stated that road transport is the main source of emissions, both particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide in large cities and proposes the classification of vehicles according to their pollution potential.

As well as benefits to the owners in terms of fuel savings, the vehicles will also permitted to use dedicated lanes for high-occupancy circulation (VAO), even when only the driver is on board, whereas these lanes are normally reserved for vehicles with more than one occupant. There are dedicated parking areas being developed in some cities, and other benefits in the pipeline that will directly benefit owners of certified environmentally friendly cars.

### Traffic Officers Stop Truck Driven by Child

Officers from the Guardia Civil in Palencia were left surprised when they found an articulated lorry being driven by a 10 year old child.



The incident occurred on an industrial estate in Paredes de Nava when officers observed the truck “zigzagging” along the road.

Upon requesting that the vehicle stopped, they found the child at the wheel of the truck, accompanied by his 71 year old grandfather, who was in the passenger seat.

Details of the man have been sent to the courts where he is facing charges of crimes against road safety, whereas the child will be dealt with through the office that deals with minor offences.

 

### Drivers Admit Increasingly Dangerous Attitude

In the latest data revealed by the Fundación VINCI Autoroutes, drivers on Spanish roads reveal the “truth” about their driving habits.



The good is that 94% of all Spanish road users used the word “polite” to describe themselves, 71% described themselves as “careful” and 61% as “calm”. In fact, in the positive rating scale, Spain overall comes out at 7.8 out of 10, slightly higher than the 7.7 out of 10 European average, according to the drivers themselves.

Oddly though, when it comes to assessing the behaviour of others, Spanish drivers consider 41% of their fellow road users to be irresponsible, 34% are stressed, 30% are aggressive and they collectively consider 22% to be dangerous.

According to the data collected, Sweden is home to the most exemplary drivers, the most irresponsible are the Italians, and the most critical are the Spanish, but of their fellow countrymen.

When it comes to admitting what they do wrong, or at least getting a little closer to the truth, 87% admit to speeding by a “few” kilometres per hour, an increase of 8 points since the 2014 survey, but a little lower than the European average of 91%.

When it comes to indicating, 63% say that they sometimes forget to indicate a manoeuvre on the roads, an increase of 23 points since 2014, and somewhat higher than the 58% European average.

Whilst driving, 62% admit to not respecting a safe distance from the vehicle in front, up 12 points from the 2014 survey, and slightly lower than the European average of 65%.

Whilst driving on the motorway network, 60% admit to sticking in the centre lane when the right hand, normal driving lane is clear, up 8 points from 2014, higher than the European average of 56%.

When approaching road works, 59% admit to not slowing down, up 13 points in a year, and higher than the 55% European average.

Inappropriate use of the horn is done by 64% of all drivers, only increasing 1 point since 2014, but considerably higher than the 47% European average. In fact, Spain comes out on top of this chart.

Expressing insults to other drivers has been the admittance of 62% of Spanish road users, again increasing but by 3 points, and again higher than the European average of 56%.

Some 31% also admit to deliberately sticking too close to a car driven by somebody who has irritated them, an increase of 5 points, but actually slightly lower than the 32% in Europe.

Finally, 19% admitting to stopping their vehicle in order to have a “discussion” with another driver, again an increase of 3 points, and higher than the 15% European average.

Although the data may not be completely accurate, as it is based on the admittance of drivers that they are doing things wrong, something that, also according to the data, more people do than care to admit themselves, it is clear that the figures in most segments are increasing, and at an alarming rate.

Remember that despite the admittance of all of these dangerous attitudes and actions, 94% of all Spanish road users used the word “polite” to describe themselves, and 71% described themselves as “careful”.

A safer driving attitude begins and ends with the driver and there are countless lessons we can all learn when things go devastatingly wrong with catastrophic and fatal results.

Keep calm, keep your distance, keep your speed under control and keep safe.

### Car Theft Breakers Arrested

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested three people, two men and a woman, all aged between 22 and 28 and of Spanish nationality, in the town of Agost, on suspicion of their involvement in a number of vehicle thefts from around the Alicante local area.



The string of offences are believed to have taken place in towns including Alcoy, Alicante, Santa Pola, Orihuela, San Vicente del Raspeig and Elche, plus Murcia and Cartagena.

According to the information just released, the arrests occurred last week in Agost, in a finca which was being used by the group to break down vehicles into component parts.

Upon searching the premises, the officers found a warehouse in which the disassembled remains of at least six high end vehicles were recovered, many of the parts prepared and packaged for sale.

The detainees were made available to the courts in Novelda.

### Nine Road Deaths This Weekend

A total of nine people lost their live on the roads of Spain this weekend, in the provisional figure between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.



In the nine recorded crashes on the roads, two of the people who lost their lives were pedestrians, whereas a further four people have been injured, one of them seriously.

The worst day of the weekend was Saturday, when seven of the fatalities occurred.

Meanwhile, on Sunday, a cyclist was seriously injured after coming off a road in the Pontón de la Oliva area of the community of Madrid, falling down a mountainous embankment 20 metres to the ground below. An emergency medical crew managed to stabilise a head injury and broken elbow before the cyclist was taken to hospital.

 

### Cars for Sale – One Careful Owner!

The Directorate General of Guardia Civil is to sell off around 500 vehicles which have served their purpose and have been decommissioned.



The lots include cars, all-terrain vehicles, motorcycles, trailers and even armoured vehicles, all at bargain prices of around 25 to 30 euro for a motorbike, little over 100 euro for a car, and just over 600 euro for the armoured SUV´s.

One downside is that you have to bid for the vehicles in units of 10, in which the assets have been grouped. Another downside is the fact that all of the vehicles are of high mileage and nearing the end of their healthy working lives, and so the costs of maintenance and repair may well be considerable. You will also have to pay for the removal of the vehicles yourself, if you´re lucky enough to grab one of the bargain lots.

The vehicles are located across the entire country and can be inspected by contacting the respective vehicle administration department of the corps. Interested parties need to move quickly though as the deadline for submitting bids is the 22nd of April.

Oh, and by the way, the picture is for demonstration purposes only and is not necessarily of the vehicles for sale.

### Anti-Speeding Campaign Starts on Monday

Monday sees the start of the latest week-long campaign to try to make the roads of Spain a little safer, with the DGT turning the attention to traffic police to one of the most dangerous elements of road safety, excessive speed.



The campaign will run from Monday 13th, through to Sunday 19th of March with Guardia Civil traffic patrols focusing their attention to those who break the law on conventional main roads, the location of the majority of fatal crashes where speed is a contributing factor.

Recent data reveals that inappropriate speed was present in 22% of fatal accidents and that speed is one of the main factors that results in accidents with the worst consequences. One in four deaths in road based incidents can be attributed to being speed related with speeding causing nearly 500 deaths a year, and 70% of all injuries occurring on conventional roads.

All Pegasus equipped helicopters are likely to be taking to the air, and mobile radar traps will be located in strategic locations around the country.

During the week-long clamp that ran at around the same time last year, the traffic police checked nearly a million vehicles, half of which were on conventional roads, and reported a staggering 30,000 drivers for breaking the speed limit.

In total, the Guardia Civil checked the speed of a total of 921,375 vehicles, of which 30,486, or 3.4%, were reported for not complying with speed limits.

During the campaign, five drivers were reported for committing a crime against road safety when driving at a higher speed of eighty kilometres per hour above the permitted limit on this road. One driver was clocked at 237 kilometres per hour and under the influence of alcohol. These drivers could face prison for up to 6 months, or community service, as well as a hefty fine and a ban.

 

### Changed Speed Limits Expected Soon

After a long period of discussion and negotiation, it is anticipated that the maximum speed limit on some of Spain´s motorways will eventually increase to 130 kilometres per hour, but the DGT has now revealed more details about the future changes.



Once the law passes its final stage it will be published in the official gazette, entering into force three months later. Therefore, it is expected that at some point in the summer some of the roads identified as being appropriate for the new limit will be converted, when the law finally comes into force, but the DGT has said that there are just 1,500 kilometres of motorway which is actually eligible for the increase, the equivalent of around 1% of the road network.

The reason that there will be so little of the network where the higher speed will be possible is that the increase will only apply on roads with a low accident rate, with a good layout and in optimal weather conditions, and so variable signs will be used in some sections to indicate the limit increase. In fact, for this reason, there will be no change to the fixed signs on the motorway network, where, in the vast majority of cases, the limit will still be 120 kilometres per hour, unless the road signs say otherwise.

At the same time, we must also be aware that the maximum speed limit on other roads will actually decrease, with the standard maximum speed limit on conventional roads also reducing, with the limit depending on the characteristics of the actual road.

As speed is a factor in so many road incidents, it is hoped that the reduction will make the roads a lot safer, although much of that relies on the driver adhering to the rules and actually slowing down. In a recent survey of Spanish road users, 80% were in favour of the increased limit on motorways, but only around 50% were in favour of the reduction in limits on conventional roads, despite the knowledge that these roads are the location of the majority of speed related crashed and fatalities, and so we should remember that speed limits are a maximum and should not be considered a target.

### Accident Compensation Scale to be Revised

The Spanish government has approved a proposal tabled by the Ministry of Justice which reforms the compensation assessment for victims of traffic accidents, increasing the amount payable in the event of death or serious injury.



The new scale will see compensation claims in the event of the death of a person increase by around 50%, whereas in the case of serious injury resulting in loss of a limb the compensation award will increase by around 35%.

As an example, in the event of the death of an average father of a family who earns 38,000 euro net, leaving a widow and two children, the compensation payable will increase from 335,519 euro to 671,480 euro with the new scale.

A professional who earns more than 60,000 euro per year and suffers the partial amputation of a leg in a traffic accident, would receive double the current compensation of 350,000 euro, being awarded a maximum of 750,000 euro.

The project includes, amongst other things, compensation for injury treatment costs for insurers to public health and modifies the calculation method of compensation to victims, as indicated by the ministry.

The update of the scale is one of the measures demanded by associations representing drivers and victims of road traffic accidents, with many of those groups demanding urgent action and approval, as “victims cannot wait” for the new text to come into force in January of next year, and so the government hopes that the rule will gain final approval in this session of parliament.

According to Justice Ministry the new scale will expand the level of detail in the criteria determining the amount of compensation in respect of reimbursement of expenses and intends to “rationalize” the calculation of “loss of earnings”, a factor not previously taken into account, and will replace the previous model used by the insurance field to determine appropriate compensation.

The new conditions take into account not only the net income of the victim but also aspects such as work at home, such as housework, or the loss of future capabilities of children or students, which is also for quantification in economic terms.

In order for the compensation amounts to be calculated effectively, a variety of factors will now be taken into account, so the amount for each victim will not depend on fixed sections but a calculation based on the combination of factors such as the duration of injury and recovery, the risk of death of the injured party, as well as the potential loss of public pension contributions.

Whereas the news is a significant step for awarding victims of incidents appropriate compensation, the subsequent concern is that insurance policies may increase in order for those companies to cover the expenses.

### Fewer Drivers Caught Committing Serious Offences

During the month of March, traffic police from the Guardia Civil across the Valencia region arrested a total of 268 drivers for road traffic offences, representing a decrease of 18.4% compared to the same time last year.



In the province of Valencia, 113 drivers were charged for driving under the influence of alcohol and 30 drivers did not have a valid license.

In the Alicante province, there were 55 charges for drunk driving and 41 for not having a license, as well as 2 for driving at excessive speed, one for driving at 223 kilometres per hour in a 100 limited zone, the other for driving at 216 kilometres per hour in a 120 kilometre per hour limited section.

In the province of Castellón, there were 18 drivers caught driving under the influence of alcohol and 9 without a valid license.

These figures represent the most serious crimes committed that will be dealt with through the courts and are in addition to fixed penalty notices and administrative sanctions.

February saw 281 cases brought before the courts across the region, 189 for driving under the influence of alcohol, 92 for driving without a license.

### Children Caught Throwing Stones at Cars

Officers from the Guardia Civil in Murcia have identified two children who were arrested on suspicion of crimes against road safety creating a serious hazard to motorists, after an investigation identified them as being the two individuals who were throwing stones at cars on the Autovía del Reguerón, near Alcantarilla.



The investigation began on the 5th of April when officers were carrying out surveillance as part of the special Eater operation. Officers were alerted by the 112 emergency coordination centre of a group of people throwing stones at cars on the MU-30 in the area of a tunnel.

The officers immediately attended the scene and observed numerous stones, a plastic box, a backpack and a fire fighting hose from the tunnel, which were removed from the road by the officers to ensure road safety.

A local search revealed that the offenders had entered the tunnel by a hole cut in the external metal fence which surrounded the site, then accessed through an emergency door, and then proceeded to throw the objects at cars inside the tunnel.

As a result of these acts of vandalism, two cars travelling on the highway suffered significant damage, although the occupants were luckily not injured during the incidents.



The investigation then led the officers to identify two children as suspects, who now face criminal liability for their actions, along with their parents or custodial guardians, and face criminal prosecution under Article 385 of the Penal Code, punishable by imprisonment of between six months and two years, or a fine and community service.

In March of this year, in the first case of its kind in Spain, the courts in Murcia condemned the parents of children who threw stones from a bridge onto a road which killed the 59 year old passenger of a car in 2012, forcing the parents to pay 163,000 euro in compensation to the victim´s family.

### Twenty Six Ibiza Drunk Drivers Caught

During the Easter period, officers from the Guardia Civil on the island of Ibiza report that they detected 26 people who were driving under the influence of alcohol.



Of those caught over the limit, 21 of them received administrative sanctions for the offence, on account of the alcohol levels registering more than 0,25 milligrams of alcohol per litre of air, but less than 0,60 milligrams.

The remaining 5 drivers showed an excess of 0,60 milligrams of alcohol per litre of air and were arrested for the offence and brought before the courts, all of them facing a ban from driving and a hefty fine.

In addition to those who had been drinking and driving, 4 more people were found to be driving under the influence of drugs.

### N332 Facebook Page Reaches 10,000 Followers

The N332 Facebook page has today reached a staggering 10,000 likes !!! --- Thanks to all of you ---



With so many new followers, we also thought it might be a good idea to explain a little about what we do and why we started this page.

Originally, a group of Guardia Civil traffic officers based in Torrevieja saw a need to advise the many foreign drivers in their area of the laws relating to driving in Spain, many of which are similar to those laws in your home country, but many of which are quite different.


Patrolling the streets on a daily basis, the officers could see the same problems over and over again, and so those problems seemed like a good place to start offering advice, and Facebook seemed the obvious platform to share the information.

The Facebook page became instantly popular, with many of the followers asking their own questions and getting answers from the officers behind the project, all coordinated by officer Francisco Morales who lead the Facebook team.

However, much like on the roads, it soon became clear that as the many followers began to grow, the same questions were being asked that had already been answered. Because of the nature of Facebook being more of a real time platform, it became difficult to search and find the previous articles, resulting in a lot more work for everybody involved.

The next logical step therefore was the creation of a website to catalogue these articles and make them easier to find. In order to achieve this, independent local journalist Mark Nolan began assembling a team behind the scenes to assist in the creation of the site.

Now, after just a few months, collectively both the N332 Facebook and website teams have been able to bring together such professionals as lawyers, driving instructors, translators and of course serving traffic police officers, to make sure that the information provided on both platforms is correct.

As we now reach this milestone of 10,000 Facebook followers, the website being of similar popularity, it is time to focus the attention on ensuring the relevant information is disseminated to those who need it, the drivers and road users.

In addition to the Facebook and website platforms, we have also been able to collaborate with numerous newspapers and magazine across the country, and the islands of Spain, so that the information is spread through the largest network possible.

Although we still have a long way to go before we finish collating the information, you can imagine that the four books relating to traffic laws alone are so complicated themselves, translating them into an understandable format takes time, and that is where our future focus will be.

You can continue to interact with Francisco Morales and the team on Facebook, but please have a look at the website, www.n332.es before asking questions, so that the focus can be on providing new information as well as still offering the archive of everything we have said in the past.

### Losing Points

Offences which cause you to lose points from your driving licence:



You will lose 6 points for the following infractions:

• Driving with a blood alcohol concentration higher than 0,50mg / l or under the influence of illegal drugs and stimulants (0.30 mg / l for professionals and holders whose driving licence is less than two years old).


• Refusing to take a drug or breathalyser test.

• Driving in the wrong direction.

• Reckless driving or participating in unauthorised vehicle racing.

• Manipulating the speed limiter function.

• Driving vehicles using a radar inhibitor devices or traffic monitoring systems.
________________________________________

You will lose 4 points for the following infractions:

• Driving with a withdrawn driving licence or driving a vehicle which has been removed from circulation.

• Driving a vehicle without the proper licence.

• Driving a vehicle with alcohol concentration higher than 0.25 and up to 0.50 mg / l of exhaled air. (For professionals and licence holders with less than two years’ experience, the maximum rate is 0.15 and 0.30 mg / l).

• Discarding objects that may cause accidents, fires or obstruct circulation.

• Not stopping at: red light traffic signs and Stop signs, and priorities of passage, as well as failure to follow the signals of a traffic police officer.

• Taking over other vehicles and endangering oncoming traffic, or in circumstances of reduced visibility.

• Failure to keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front.

• Reversing on motorways and expressways.

________________________________________

You will lose 3 points for the following infractions:

• Doing a U-turn which does not comply with the law for Road
Safety.

• Driving without using a seat belts or child restraints.

• Driving without a helmet or using an invalid helmet.

• Driving using headphones or using your mobile, GPS, or any devices that reduce the attention in general.

(Information translated by http://torreviejatranslation.com/

### Cycling - Losing Points

Is It possible to lose points on your licence when cycling?

Latest rumour amongst expats - Is it true you have to wear Hi-Viz jacket whilst riding a bicycle and if you don't, you will be fined and points on your driving licence. Is this yet ANOTHER "urban myth"??


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1. What do you think about this matter?. True or False



It is false, the Traffic Department can only take points off a driving licence if you have got one, so if the law does not force you to have a licence to ride a bicycle, this is not possible.

To ride a bicycle, you do not need a driving licence, it would be unfair to lose points only for those who have a licence.

Moreover we can post an article about the traffic offences which make you lose points, if you have doubts please have a look on it.

2. When do you have to wear the Hi-Viz jacket in your bicycle?

- At night (between sunset and sunrise)
- In bad weather conditions when the visibility is reduced.

### KEEP CALM......Use Your Air Conditioning !

Did you know that a correctly maintained air conditioning system traps all pollen and dust, delivers good clean pure air, increases passenger comfort and keeps the driver alert?



The big pollen season is coming up, the weather is warming too.....keep calm, stop sneezing....don't be caught out and relax......

Irritability behind the wheel is much more noticeable in hot weather, opening the windows makes it worse, uses more fuel, the buffeting is tiring and not the answer.

There is more to how your air conditioning works than most people think.....it needs looking after so it can look after you....
Read on for more information.......

We all take air conditioning now for granted now, but it is a fairly complex system.

In simple terms, it is heat exchanging and only conditioning the air we breath into something we like, increasing passenger comfort and assisting the driver in staying more alert.

Only one degree either side of our body temperature will affect our ability to concentrate, remain calm and stop fidgeting around behind the wheel.

Humans can deal with dry heat, however we do not like too much humidity, typically an ambient temperature of 21c with around 40% humidity is comfortable for us. ( think warm cup of tea )

HOW DOES IT WORK ?

Well........a compressor ( pump) driven by the engine will compress and heat refrigeration gas around a sealed system ( illustrated ) then as this gas is drawn into a heat exchanger behind your dashboard, through various coolers and a drier ( to remove moisture and contamination) it is eventually stopped by a valve which will open and shut periodically, finally allowing the vapour into a large chamber ( evaporator ) located behind your dashboard, where it is allowed to expand and cool, the chamber absorbs the heat, but more importantly the humidity from the cabin through the metal fins on its exterior.....still awake ? ......
When the fan is turned on inside the car, it will deliver pure fresh air, bacteria, pollen and dust free.

We can regulate the amount of heat with the red and blue dials on manual refrigeration, this is usually found on less expensive vehicles, it's the same principal as climate control but managed in a different way.

On a fully automatic system ( climate control ) numbers will be displayed in Celsius, sensors around the vehicle detect exact temperatures, and will move the airflow around through the different vents to eliminate hot or cold spots, a manual system will rely on the driver to change the airflow direction.

The re-circulation button should remain in the ' off ' position except to cool the vehicle quickly or to eliminate the intake of fumes or dust. Recirculated air is not particularly healthy, fresh air should flow.

MAINTENANCE:-

Most of us have fridges, they require no maintenance, it's plug and go....or not. The difference is that all the pipes that carry gas are welded, typically a fridge will not move and is not subject to vibration or big changes in the temperature around it.

Cars are different, they have pipes that are joined together with nuts and bolts, sealed with flimsy rubber rings and exposed to lots of vibration with temperature changes. Components expand and contract, refrigeration loss is inevitable. Up to 10% a year is typical, 15% is not uncommon.

The compressor ( pump) is the heart of the system. It is a finely tuned instrument that needs refrigeration oil to function.

Think of it as you would your own heart, without the right food at the right time and a reasonable amount of exercise, how long would we last ?.

A 10% loss of nutrition will reduce the life of a compressor by 40%.
All manufacturers insist on refrigeration gas servicing at least every two years and maybe less or more, depending on where and how the vehicle is used.

We recommend 18 months for most vehicles as adequate, although all our own vehicles are looked at every six months, as we understand the consequences of not doing so, and would rather not be taking the system apart to fix something we would rather not fix, we call it preventative maintenance.

This is only a question, but do you change your oil when it should be changed or do you wait for the engine to knock first ? Its the same principal.

WHAT DOES A SERVICE INVOLVE ?

We connect the sealed system to a refrigeration service station and draw out the balance of what is in there, the machine weighs it and we then compare the figure with what should be in there.
All refrigeration weights are set by the manufacturer.

The system is then purged to remove all moisture and contamination, typically this evacuation will contain tiny rubber and metal particles lost from the aging components, we also need to create a vacuum, a zero moisture content is also essential as moisture is water, it is not possible to compress water only gas.
When we are happy ( this happens sometimes ) the system is charged with exactly the right amount of refrigeration gas and an oil unique to air conditioning systems.

The cabin filter is cleaned or replaced and if necessary, and always with the customers consent, an anti bacterial treatment is applied to the interior, this zero's bacteria and and residual odours, sterilising the airflow ducts, carpets and seats, we've used it for years and it's amazing, the most common comment is ' my car smells like a new car'. ( illustrated )

There is always a build up of bacteria in vehicles whether we like it or not, this is caused for a number of reasons, although usually we only have ourselves to blame.....sorry

When this is all done, we run up the air conditioning and test the face vents with a thermometer, the really exciting bit is when we see the reading moving between 3-5c, much less and it risks a freeze, this is not good, freezing cracks metal pipes, much more and something is wrong.

COMMONLY ASKED QUESTIONS:)

"Can I do it myself"?.

- No, it is against the law in Europe and also as refrigeration gas is a hazardous material, a life changing accident is likely. All handlers of hazardous materials should be qualified to do so and use personal protective clothing and eyewear as the unexpected can happen.

"Can I use another cheaper gas"?.

- No, it will blow the front of your car off.

"What will happen if I just leave it as it seems to be working"?.

- You can but in the same way your Mother said ' if you carry on doing that there will be tears ' there will be tears, a broken system is inconvenient at best and will cost a lot of money to fix.

"I know there is a leak why can't I just have it ' topped up"?.

- Firstly, there is no such thing as ' topping up', all systems require a specific weight to operate correctly. Unless we know what is in there we do not know how much to add.Too much is as harmful as too little. Also by adding to a depleted system without purging first we are trapping moisture in there, the mixture of refrigeration gas and moisture is corrosive and potentially explosive. It's cheaper and better to do the job properly.

"I have an old car with old gas, can you help "?.

- Yes, we need to evaluate your car properly first, piling new gas into an old system may make it work, although not usually for very long. The pump and hoses were designed to run on a much thicker gas, it is only a matter of time before a hole appears, each case is different so call us.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thanks to Auto & Aviation Climate Control Care, for all this interesting information.

http://www.racinglegends.es/

### A Tragic Easter on the Roads

As the Easter period came to a close, the grim reality of the traffic operation is that 33 people lost their lives on the road, just 4 fewer than last year. However, there has been a significant increase in the number of motorcyclists killed this year, with 12 of all deaths attributed to bikes, 5 more than last year.



In total, the DGT recorded 13.8 million long-haul journeys on the roads, an increase of 7.28% over last year and so the overall decrease in deaths when adjusted against the number of journeys is the lowest overall since 1960.

Of the vehicles involved in fatal road incidents, the average age was 14 for passenger cars, 11 years old in the case of motorbikes and 15 years old in the case of vans. This data is intended to emphasise how modern cars are fitted with better safety features than their older counterparts, hence the government scheme to offer subsidy for trading in older vehicles for new.

Of the 33 deaths recorded, 25 of them were on conventional roads, the focus of the major campaigns against speed and irregular driving practices as they are considered the most dangerous.

In terms of the type of fatal incident, 17 of the fatalities were from vehicles that had left the carriageway, and 4 people were killed in head-on collisions, a significant decrease in this type of incident after 12 people were killed this way last year.

A total of 12 motorcyclists have been killed, considerably more than the 7 of last Easter, whereas there were 10 passenger car occupants, compared to 19 last year, 4 pedestrians and 3 van occupants. In contrast, there were no recorded fatalities involving bicycles, mopeds, buses or heavy goods vehicles, although one HGV driver was stopped after his vehicle was seen “weaving” along a main road, a subsequent alcohol test revealing him to be 4 times over the limit.

Of those people who were killed in passenger cars, 3 of them were not wearing a seatbelt at the time of the crash and could well still be alive today had they considered belting up.

The majority of fatal incidents occurred during the day, when 24 people were killed, and in terms of age, the highest group of fatalities were from the 25 to 44 year age group. The average age overall of those who were killed is around 45.

### What do I need to know about Spanish tyre law?

Spanish law requires that your vehicle is fitted with the correct type and size of tyre for the vehicle type you are driving and for the purpose it is being used. This means fitting the right tyres and for safety ensuring that they are inflated to the manufacturer's recommended pressure.



The legal limit for minimum depth of the tread on your tyres is 1.6 millimetres, across the central ¾ of the tread around the complete circumference of the tyre.

What are principal grooves and tread depth indicators, and how do I find these?



Principal grooves are the wide grooves in the tyre tread which have the tread-depth indicators located inside them.



For safety reasons it is recommended that you replace your tyres before the legal limit is reached. Many vehicle manufacturers recommend replacing at 3 millimetres. At 1.6 millimetres in wet weather it takes an extra two car lengths (8 metres) to stop at 50 mph than if your tread was 3 millimetres.



A regular check of your tyres can help you to avoid 200 euro / each wheel in fines for having tyres worn beyond the legal minimum limit on your vehicle.

(Follow N332 on Facebook)

### New Equipment Could Mean More Fines

The Dirección General de Tráfico is investing 8.6 million euro in a system that will allow Guardia Civil officers a faster response when dealing with vehicle and driver enquiries, accidents and incidents, and fines.



Details of a procurement contract were published in Monday´s official state bulletin, in which the company Servimedia will provide the equipment in association with Telefónica Soluciones and Indra Sistemas, for a 48 month period.

This contract further develops a system introduced in 2004 which aimed to automate and streamline the processing of administrative and reporting of traffic related matters

Known as Pride, the Proceso de Informatización de Denuncias incorporates a centralised computer system, to which officers on the ground have access through their Personal Digial Assistants, PDA´s. The contract involves the provision of 6,000 PDA terminals and 4,000 printers, as well as supplementary equipment and support.

With the new and faster equipment it is hoped that officers will be able to process more information in a shorter time, and so the near two million disciplinary proceedings per year will also increase, allowing officers to process more than the average of 5,000 per day, or 200 every hour.

However, there is also a risk that the officers will not be able to process as many complaints if drivers and road users suddenly decide to adhere to the laws of the road.

### Guardia Civil Investigate Overtaking Smash

Investigators from the Guardia Civil launched the search for a driver who caused a crash on the LU-546 road in the Ribasaltas area near Monforte de Lemos in the northwest of Spain on Friday, leaving three people injured, one of them in a serious condition.



It was believed that the crash was caused by a car overtaking in an inappropriate place, during a stretch of road where construction work is being carried out, resulting in the grey suspect car driving head-on towards a blue Ford Fusion in which the victims were travelling.

Seeing no choice, the driver of the victim car took evasive action and swerved to avoid the oncoming grey vehicle, pulling off the road and landing in a ditch alongside.

The suspected offending vehicle failed to stop at the scene and continued, leaving the occupants of the victim car injured by the roadside.

The 47 year old driver was the most seriously injured, although all occupants were treated by medical staff and taken to hospital in Monforte de Lemos.

The presumed cause of the crash was the overtaking manoeuvre, and so the investigators launched a search for the offending vehicle, and successfully located the driver who faces charges of reckless driving and failing to stop following the crash.

### The King Admits to Driving Fine

Although he didn´t give any details away, King Felipe VI of Spain has been applauded this weekend for another stance in which he confirms that nobody is above the law, admitting to having been fined by the Guardia Civil for a traffic offence.



The admittance came during a tour of the DGT headquarters in which the King took a tour of the facilities, coinciding with the final phase of the Easter special operation. Prior to the tour an unofficial question probed the monarch, asking if he had ever been fined by the Guardia Civil, to which he simply replied “yes”, before qualifying that the incident happened “many years ago”.

The King also sent wishes to the many drivers who were on the roads during the weekend, before thanking the Guardia Civil patrols for their efforts to keep the roads safe whilst even putting their own lives at risk on a daily basis, expressing his “appreciation and affection”, and that of all Spanish men and women of the Guardia Civil Guard and the air assets who are in service on all the country's roads and in the air, especially on a day like today”, continuing to thank those who “put their lives at risk many times, for which many millions of Spaniards feel well served and safer.

According to provisional data prior to the close of the count at midnight, the ten-day operation has resulted in 13.9 million journeys, an increase of 7.8% from last year.

Sadly, some 25 people lost their lives in the same time frame, although that count also ends at midnight, but it is hoped that the figure will be less than last year when 37 people were killed on the Easter roads.

### Can I Be Fined For Not Carrying A Spare Wheel?

Did you know that it's not always obligatory to carry a spare wheel in your vehicle?



According to Appendix XII, paragraph 1.C of the Vehicle Regulations, it is obligatory to carry: “A complete spare wheel or a wheel for temporary use, with the tools necessary for changing wheels, or an alternative system for its replacement which offers sufficient guarantees for the mobility of the vehicle. In such cases one must drive with respect to the proper speed limitations of any alternative.”




As a result of which you may, if you wish, substitute your spare wheel for an alternative system, as long as it is officially approved and suitable for your vehicle.

### UK HGV Speed Limit Increase

The change to HGV speed limits will improve road safety for all road users - is the message from the Freight Transport Association (FTA) today.


FTA was voicing its support for the HGV national speed limit on single carriageway roads being increased from 40mph to 50mph, which is to be implemented on Monday, 6 April.

The Department for Transport (DfT) revealed in July 2014 that the change to the national speed limit on single carriageways in England and Wales would come into force this spring.  FTA supported the decision to change the speed limit for HGVs, stating that it would mean an improvement in road safety as the differential between HGVs and other road users would be reduced.

The Association added that the changes would allow single carriageway roads in the UK to be used more effectively and safely.

Commenting on the introduction of the change to the HGV speed limit, Malcolm Bingham, FTA’s Head of Road Network Management Policy, said:

“This is a move to improve safety for all on single carriageway roads where the 20mph speed differential between cars and trucks can lead to hasty overtaking manoeuvres that sadly often result in casualties.  FTA believes that it will benefit industry as it will allow operators to use the additional speed, where it is safe to do so, and gain running cost benefits.”

The current speed limit was introduced in the 1960s, since when lorry technology has advanced considerably.  The change will modernise an antiquated restriction, which is not matched in most other European countries.

The amended speed limit will cover single carriageway roads outside built up areas in England and Wales, unless specific lower local speed limits are in effect.

### Tyre Pressure

Incorrect tyre pressure can result in tyre damage, increased fuel consumption and adversely affect the handling of the vehicle. Tyres that are not correctly inflated cause longer stopping distances, reduce stability for braking and cornering and increase your chance of a blow-out.



Incorrect pressures also reduce the life of your tyres by causing uneven wear, so need replacing sooner. Recent Studies found that 90% of all cars have incorrectly inflated tyres, which means that 9 out of 10 drivers are in danger. Tyre pressures should always be checked when cold and ideally every two weeks (including the spare wheel). Correct tyre pressures can be found in the owner’s handbook, on the driver’s door or on the fuel cap.




How to check your tyre pressure



Maintaining correct inflation pressure is essential and avoids premature or uneven wear. As tyres naturally lose pressure over time, you need to refill them regularly. Driving on the correct tyre pressure will extend the life of your tyre, improve vehicle safety and maintain fuel efficiency. Check your tyre pressure at least once a month, when your tyres are cold, and before long journeys. Follow our step-by-step advice on checking your pressures:

Find the correct pressures in your vehicle handbook or inside the driver’s door or fuel cap(this will be a figure in psi or bar).
The plastic cap on the air valve.
Press the tyre-pressure gauge against the valve and hold it down firmly. If you hear a hissing noise, you are letting air out. Press down harder.
Read the measurement on the gauge.

To add air, pump gauge until correct pressure is shown. To deflate, depress the tyre valve.

### Light Your Way with the Shark Skwal

A brand new helmet in SHARK’s 2015 collection is the aggressively styled and unique SKWAL. The French helmet brand is known for its colourful graphics and innovative designs and the SKWAL won’t disappoint - with new technology and striking graphics it’s sure to turn heads.



The SKWAL has a brand new shape and its rear spoiler enhances its aerodynamics and solid stability. It also features a new visor system, Autoseal, which uses a sprung visor that keeps it perfectly in place, keeping water out and hugely reducing noise.

Its modern lines are enhanced with four integrated LED lights on the chin and forehead vents, as well as on both sides of the rear spoiler - the Skwal is the first full-faced helmet on the market to feature LEDs. Once turned on the LED’s glow a yellow/green colour, which not only stands out but also raises visibility at night. The lights can be on permanently, or set to blink. Battery life on the LEDs is up to five hours if set to be on permanently and up to eight hours if set to blink, the battery is charged by USB.

Despite the new technology and LED battery, the helmet remains light and weighs around 1470grams. It also features SHARK’s Easyfit system for glasses wearers, has an internal sun visor and can be fitted with SHARK’s Bluetooth unit SHARKTooth – other Bluetooth systems can also be fitted.



The SKWAL is available now in UK dealers in gloss and matt colours with RRP's from £189.99, the graphic colours are also available with RRP's from £199.99.

For more information or to find your nearest dealer visit www.nevis.uk.com

### Mobility Scooters and Powered Wheelchairs

You don’t need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair.

You can’t drive in bus lanes, ‘cycle only’ lanes or motorways.

All normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.

All vehicles can be used on footpaths, pavements, bridleways, and in pedestrian areas and can only be used on the road if a pavement is not available.


-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Does a mobility vehicle have to be registered?

No, in Spain you do not need to register them.

2. Do I need insurance?

Whilst it is not a legal requirement to have insurance for a mobility vehicle, it is strongly advised that people take out insurance to cover personal safety, other people's safety and the value of the vehicle. In some cases your household insurance may provide cover but you would need to check this with your insurance provider. You will have to pay compensation if you have an accident and it was your fault.

3. Vehicle tax?

- You don’t have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair.

4.Can I carry passengers?

Mobility vehicles designed to carry two people cannot be used on the pavement or road because they don't meet the definition of an invalid carriage in law. With regard to children, the law does not explicitly state that an adult carrying an infant in a sling/pouch is unlawful. However, it is not permitted to carry anyone else on a mobility vehicle e.g. children standing on the vehicle etc.

### Signs and Signals from Police Officers Controlling Traffic

It is sometimes necessary for police, law enforcement officers and other officials to direct and control traffic. Instructions given by these officers overrule any other signs or signals displayed, but it is important to know what the officers are telling you to do.



As a general rule, the officers will use the following signals:

Arm raised vertically



This instruction means STOP to all road users approaching the officer from the front, with the exception of drivers who cannot do so safely. You must stop before the line where indicated, or immediately before the officers. In the event of the instruction being given at a junction, you must stop before entering.

Arm or arms extended horizontally



Drivers approaching the officers in the direction indicated by the outstretched arm must STOP. In other words, if you are approaching an officer from the rear and the officer has a right arm extended, then as the right arm is indicative of the right hand lane in this case, you must stop. If you are approaching from the front and the left arm is raised horizontally, that signal is intended for you, as the officers left arm will extend towards the direction you are approaching. If both arms are extended, traffic in both directions must stop. The instruction to stop remains in force, even if the officer lowers the arms, unless another signal is indicated.

Waving a red or yellow illuminated baton



Vehicles moving towards the officer are required to stop, in the same way as in the sign is a vertical arm.

Extended arm moving up and down alternately



Drivers approaching the officer in the direction of the corresponding side to the arm are required to slow down.

Other hand gestures

In certain circumstances, the officers may use other signs to indicate their instructions, so long as the instruction is made clear to the driver.

Whistles



The officers can also use whistles to instruct a vehicle to stop, by blowing a series of short, sharp blasts, followed by a longer tone.

Signs



In the event of a situation such as a temporary roadblock or checkpoint, traffic police also use the sign R-200. It is compulsory to stop when you reach this sign.

Officers can sometimes give instruction whilst on the move

Red flag



The red flag indicates that the road beyond the vehicle carrying it is closed to traffic, with the exception of those authorised to proceed. You must not pass a vehicle carrying a red flag.

Green flag



The green flag indicates that the road is open again and normal rules of passage apply.

Yellow flag



The yellow flag indicates the need for extreme caution as there may be an approaching danger. This flag is also used for road based events such as cycle races, when extreme caution is also required.

Arm extended downward, sloping and fixed



The officer is indicating the obligation to stop your vehicle immediately at the side of the road in the next safe, legal and convenient location.

Red light or flashing yellow lights on the front



The officer is indicating that you must immediately stop your vehicle at the next safe, legal and convenient location. This light may also be accompanied by other hand or verbal instructions.

Stop and go



In addition, road controllers may use a handheld sign which has reversible indications of the R-2 (Stop) and R-400 (Proceed) signs which can be alternated to control traffic.
REGLAMENTO CIRCULACION

Artículo 143. Señales con el brazo y otras.

Los agentes de la autoridad responsable del tráfico que estén regulando la circulación lo harán de forma que sean fácilmente reconocibles como tales a distancia, tanto de día como de noche, y sus señales, que han de ser visibles, y sus órdenes deben ser inmediatamente obedecidas por los usuarios de la vía.

Tanto los agentes de la autoridad que regulen la circulación como la Policía Militar, el personal de obras y el de acompañamiento de los vehículos en régimen de transporte especial, que regulen el paso de vehículos y, en su caso, las patrullas escolares, el personal de protección civil y el de organizaciones de actividades deportivas o de cualquier otro acto, habilitado a los efectos contemplados en el apartado 4 de este artículo, deberán utilizar prendas de colores llamativos y dispositivos o elementos retrorreflectantes que permitan a los conductores y demás usuarios de la vía que se aproximen distinguirlos a una distancia mínima de 150 metros.

Como norma general, los agentes de la autoridad responsable del tráfico utilizarán las siguientes señales:

a) Brazo levantado verticalmente: obliga a detenerse a todos los usuarios de la vía que se acerquen al agente, salvo a los conductores que no puedan hacerlo en condiciones de seguridad suficiente. Si esta señal se efectúa en una intersección, no obligará a detenerse a los conductores que hayan entrado ya en ella.

La detención debe efectuarse ante la línea de detención más cercana o, en su defecto, inmediatamente antes del agente. En una intersección, la detención debe efectuarse antes de entrar en ella.

Con posterioridad a esta señal, el agente podrá indicar, en su caso, el lugar donde debe efectuarse la detención.

b) Brazo o brazos extendidos horizontalmente:

obliga a detenerse a todos los usuarios de la vía que se acerquen al agente desde direcciones que corten la indicada por el brazo o los brazos extendidos y cualquiera que sea el sentido de su marcha. Esta señal permanece en vigor aunque el agente baje el brazo o los brazos, siempre que no cambie de posición o efectúe otra señal.

c) Balanceo de una luz roja o amarilla: obliga a detenerse a los usuarios de la vía hacia los que el agente dirija la luz.

d) Brazo extendido moviéndolo alternativamente de arriba abajo: esta señal obliga a disminuir la velocidad de su vehículo a los conductores que se acerquen al agente por el lado correspondiente al brazo que ejecuta la señal y perpendicularmente a dicho brazo.

e) Otras señales: cuando las circunstancias así lo exijan, los agentes podrán utilizar cualquier otra indicación distinta a las anteriores realizada de forma clara.

Los agentes podrán ordenar la detención de vehículos con una serie de toques de silbato cortos y frecuentes, y la reanudación de la marcha con un toque largo.

Los agentes podrán dar órdenes o indicaciones a los usuarios mientras hacen uso de la señal V-1 que establece el Reglamento General de Vehículos, a través de la megafonía o por cualquier otro medio que pueda ser percibido claramente por aquéllos, entre los cuales están los siguientes:

a) Bandera roja: indica que a partir del paso del vehículo que la porta, la calzada queda temporalmente cerrada al tráfico de todos los vehículos y usuarios, excepto para aquellos que son acompañados o escoltados por los agentes de la autoridad responsable de la regulación, gestión y control del tráfico.

b) Bandera verde: indica que, a partir del paso del vehículo que la porta, la calzada queda de nuevo abierta al tráfico.

c) Bandera amarilla: indica al resto de los conductores y usuarios la necesidad de extremar la atención o la proximidad de un peligro. Esta bandera podrá ser también utilizada por el personal auxiliar habilitado que realice funciones de orden, control o seguridad durante el desarrollo de marchas ciclistas o de cualquiera otra actividad, deportiva o no, en las vías objeto de la legislación sobre tráfico, circulación de vehículos a motor y seguridad vial.

d) Brazo extendido hacia abajo inclinado y fijo: el agente desde un vehículo indica la obligación de detenerse en el lado derecho a aquellos usuarios a los que va dirigida la señal.

e) Luz roja o amarilla intermitente o destellante hacia delante: el agente desde un vehículo indica al conductor del que le precede que debe detener el vehículo en el lado derecho, delante del vehículo policial, en un lugar donde no genere mayores riesgos o molestias para el resto de los usuarios, y siguiendo las instrucciones que imparta el agente mediante la megafonía.

En ausencia de agentes de la circulación o para auxiliar a éstos, y en las circunstancias y condiciones establecidas en este reglamento, la Policía Militar podrá regular la circulación, y el personal de obras en la vía y el de acompañamiento de los vehículos en régimen de transporte especial podrá regular el paso de vehículos mediante el empleo de las señales verticales R-2 y R-400 incorporadas a una paleta, y, por este mismo medio, las patrullas escolares invitar a los usuarios de la vía a que detengan su marcha. Cuando la autoridad competente autorice la celebración de actividades deportivas o actos que aconsejen establecer limitaciones a la circulación en vías urbanas o interurbanas, la autoridad responsable del tráfico podrá habilitar al personal de protección civil o de la organización responsable para impedir el acceso de vehículos o peatones a la zona o itinerario afectados, en los términos del anexo II.

Cuando las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad del Estado, en el ámbito de sus funciones, establezcan controles policiales de seguridad ciudadana en la vía pública, podrán regular el tráfico exclusivamente en el caso de ausencia de agentes de la circulación.

La forma y significado de las señales y órdenes de los agentes de la circulación se ajustará a lo que establece el Catálogo oficial de señales de circulación. Estas señales figuran también en el anexo I.

### Thursday Saw 180 Kilometres of Traffic Queues

The Spanish road network has returned to a calm normality late on Thursday evening after one of the busiest anticipated days of the Easter holiday period.



One of the areas still registering queues into the evening was around the Torrevieja area, with the usual 8 kilometre stretch of the N-332 still moving slower than normal at the 16:30 time check.

Throughout the day, the DGT recorded 180 kilometres of queuing traffic across 16 provinces.

On Wednesday there was 100 kilometres of slow moving traffic recorded across 10 provinces, increasing to 110 kilometres of delays across 13 provinces by mid afternoon.

Good temperatures and dry roads eased a lot of weather related problems, although 12 people have still lost their lives and another 9 injured in the first part of the Easter operation.

The special operation continues until Monday, with Sunday expected to be particularly busy when those tourists who travelled to coastal and mountainous regions return home. The return operation continues into Monday as a number of places still celebrate that day as a holiday.

As always, the advice is to avoid driving at the busiest times, allow plenty of time for your journey, take plenty of breaks and remember to observe the speed limits whilst maintaining a safe distance from the vehicle in front at all times.

Locally, it is also worth remembering that there are a lot more drivers on the roads who are not as used to the area as you might be, and so may carry out unusual moves. There will also be more vulnerable road users about; including pedestrians, to a heightened awareness is required whilst staying calm behind the wheel.

For more information about the special operation in force for this Easter, click here or search "Easter" from the menu.

### Biker Arrested for 206 KMPH Speed Run

Officers from the Guardia Civil arrested a motorcyclist this week who was caught in a speed trap travelling at 206 kilometres per hour on a road where the maximum permitted speed was 90 kilometres per hour.



The speed check was being conducted on the CM-3115 Argamasilla de Alba to Ruidera road in the Ciudad Real area at the weekend on a black-spot where another motorcyclist lost their life in a crash in February.

The officers were unable to detain the biker at the time of recording the speed, and so began an investigation to locate the rider, which included using social network sites in order to assist in the identification process.

As a result, the officers correctly identified a 37 year old resident of Tomelloso, identified with the initials AFDLC, and enforce the arrest on suspicion of a crime against road safety, thus delivering the rider to the courts at Tomelloso.

### Two Men Arrested for 2013 Hit and Run

Officers from the Guardia Civil have arrested two suspects in connection with a hit and run that took place in Benicássim, in 2013.



The investigation began after a moped rider was struck by a vehicle in April, 2013, resulting in hospitalization with serious injuries having lost consciousness from suffering a fractured skull, as well as numerous abrasions. The car involved in the incident fled the scene without stopping.

For the past two years, the Guardia Civil, in conjunction with the local police of Benicássim and the Judicial Police, continued to investigate the circumstances and sought the offending vehicle and occupants.

The investigation became increasingly difficult as time went on, largely due to a lack of records at the garages which were checked, but the officers continues and were eventually able to confirm the trail of repair to the vehicle, thus identifying two suspects.

This week, two years after the incident, two males aged 27 and 30 years of age were arrested in connection with the case and were brought before the courts to face charges.

### Information for Tourists

As the first major batch of tourists are arriving in Spain, coinciding with the Easter holidays, the Guardia Civil is promoting their information leaflet designed to offer helpful advice to visitors to the country.



Available in multiple languages, the leaflet offers the usual advice for staying safe, and avoiding opportunistic crimes, for which tourists sometimes find themselves victims.

It is far too easy when on holiday to let down one's guard and sometimes not even conduct the most basic of safety procedures that we practice in our own homes, and so the leaflet is designed to remind us of those.

You can download a multilingual version of the leaflet from the official Guardia Civil website by clicking this link, and pick it up from many local tourist information offices.

### Priorities of Signs and Signals

As we go about our way on the road network, we are fed a constant supply of information and instructions, designed to keep us safe and advise us about various features on the road and route.

Ordinarily, it is obligatory for road users to adhere to the instructions of traffic lights and road signs located immediately on your right, above the roadway or on top of your lane and, in the case of lanes where traffic can turn left or go straight ahead, those located immediately on your left.

However, sometimes some of the signs and signals can change and be replaced by alternatives, and so it´s important to know the priority in which we must adhere to instructions on the road.

The first priority is always the police, law enforcers and officials directing traffic. If an instruction is given by one of these operatives, it overrules any other sign or signal that you can see. This is sometimes apparent when a police officer might instruct you to cross a junction without stopping, or to stop on a road where it is not normally allowed, for example.



Secondly are road works and diversion signs. To describe them another way, circumstantial signalling that modifies the normal operational status of the road and fixed signals. An example of this is when traffic is directed onto the opposite carriageway or during works where the speed limit is lowered. A temporary speed limit on the road will always take precedence over the normal speed.



Third priority is traffic lights, these must always be adhered to at all times, remembering to stop when instructed, but they can sometimes be overruled by the previous two circumstances.



Vertical traffic signs are the next in our list of priorities, where we have a wide range of different mandatory and advisory instructions and warnings about road characteristics.



Finally, road markings are the next priority on the list, although they too can be indicative of mandatory requirements for drivers and other road users.



Any signals normally apply to the entire width of the road but the application may be limited to one or more lanes defined by longitudinal road markings.

As a final note, if there is ever any confusion over situations where multiple signs or signals are present, the more restrictive type of sign will always take prevalence. For example, on a junction with a Give Way sign on a pole but Stop written on the road, the Stop instruction must be adhered to.
REGLAMENTO CIRCULACION

Prioridad entre señales

Artículo 133 Orden de prioridad

1. El orden de prioridad entre los distintos tipos de señales de circulación es el siguiente:

a) Señales y órdenes de los agentes de circulación.

b) Señalización circunstancial que modifique el régimen normal de utilización de la vía y señales de balizamiento fijo.

c) Semáforos.

d) Señales verticales de circulación.

e) Marcas viales.

2.En el caso de que las prescripciones indicadas por diferentes señales parezcan estar en contradicción entre sí, prevalecerá la prioritaria, según el orden a que se refiere el apartado anterior, o la más restrictiva.

### Phase 2 of Easter Traffic Operation Begins Today

Last weekend saw the roads of Spain start to look a little bit busier in the run up to Easter, but today sees phase 2 of the special operation commence, which starts at 15:00 on Wednesday, 1st April, and runs until 24:00 on Monday, 6th.



Many coastal and mountainous residents have already noticed that Easter this year is set to be one of the busiest ever, with inland residents coming to the touristic locations to enjoy a break away. In fact, it was already estimated that there would be an estimated 4.7% increase on the same period last year.

In this second phase, it is expected to start to get busy on the Wednesday, but then even busier on the Thursday as places as Cataluña and Valencia start to join in the celebrations, with some 8 million trips overall expected.

At the end of the holiday period, the tourists then return to their inland homes, and so the concentration will move from coastal and tourist zone back inland, and are likely to be busier as, unlike the arrival, the end is not as staggered. Sunday afternoon and evening are expected to be particularly bad, but the holiday continues into Monday in some areas, and so that will also pose a problem for traffic flow.

There will be 10,000 Guardia Civil traffic officers on duty, supported by 13,000 road maintenance operators. As well as around 800 officers and employees of the 8 control centres managing the movement of traffic flow. There will be 120 check points and special lanes in 25 sections of the road network, monitoring more than 800 kilometres of roads. There will also be eyes in the sky as the 13 DGT helicopters will be on hand too, including those equipped with Pegasus radar, available to alert and control any incident on the roads.

Tragically, last weekend also saw eight people lose their lives on the roads, a figure which is far too high in any count. It is always worth remembering to check your vehicle thoroughly before a long journey, paying attention to tyre pressure and tread depth, a wrongly inflated tyre can not only cost you money in fuel consumption, it could cost you your life.

Ensure that you have all of the mandatory and advisory equipment in your car before you leave, and plan your journey wisely, adding frequent stops and allowing extra time to get to your destination, avoiding the busiest periods where possible, and keeping a safe speed and distance at all times.

Traffic information can be obtained from the DGT website, http://infocar.dgt.es/etraffic/, and their Twitter feed, https://twitter.com/informacionDGT

 

### New Motorbikes for Elche Police

The local police in Elche are celebrating, having taken delivery of 14 new motorbikes.



Five of the bikes are being assigned to the “urban mobility” section, which deals with such matters as parking and can be frequently seen not only in the city but along the coastal areas during busy times, ensuring the roads are kept clear for the safe passage of traffic.

The cost of the investment by the town hall has been 75,000 euro and the government team is keen to point out that during this administrative term they have acquired 13 cars, 30 motorbikes, 14 bicycles and a boat for the police.

### Go Crazy in the Street

If you have ever wanted to rush along the road devouring everything in your path, maybe you´re frustrated with Easter traffic or just looking for an excuse to waste 10 minutes, well the good news is that you can, from the comfort and safety of your own home.

You can now play the popular arcade game PACMAN along your own streets. Before you go running out the door though, you need to know that is is in the virtual world of Google Maps.

If you go to www.google.com/maps/ and, once you find a suitable location, look for the PACMAN symbol at the bottom left, just press it and be whisked away to a land of long ago where you can eat little pills whilst avoiding the bad guys!!!

PACMAN on your own street!!!

### Older Drivers Urged to Tell the Truth in Medical Exams

The DGT are urging elder people to “tell the truth” during medical checkups, in order to try to reduce the risk factor for the elderly behind the Wheel.



Statistically, 30% off all road fatalities in Spain are from the over 65 age group. In the data collated for 2013, the last year for which complete data is available, 476 of the 1,680 people who lost their lives on the road were over 65, and half of them were pedestrians. A total of 10% of all road incidents in Spain involve somebody over the age of 65.

In a conference this week held by the Fundación Abertis which focussed on driving practices of the over 70´s, the Director General of Traffic, María Seguí, detailed how in 2013 the death rate for those between 65 and 74 had increased by 2%, but in the 75 to 85 age group, the death rate fan fallen by 13%.

Seguí continued to explain that although 10% of all incidents involve a person over 65, the death rate is 30%, partly due to the fact that elderly people are frailer and the consequences are more severe as a result.

Seguí also pointed out that the DGT has in interest in ensuring the right to mobility to everybody, whatever your age, there are heightened health concerns which become apparent with advanced years, explain that the driver´s license is “not black and white”, as there are intermediate forms with restrictions depending on the capabilities and state of health of the driver, prompting the call for honesty during health checks.

It is important to make sure that medics are fully aware of problems that may lead to difficulties when driving, as well as a personal responsibility to check that and prescription medication being taken does not interfere with the ability to drive.

“Our goal is that everyone can travel safely”, Seguí continued, explaining how there are currently 200,000 drivers over the age of 65 in Spain, many of whom have 50 years of driving experience. However, the very concept of driving has changed so much during that period, including roads, vehicles, signs and more, that driving today is very different than when many first obtained their license.

Although many of those drivers enjoy the freedom to travel around the country at their leisure, most of whom do so without incident, it is the role of the DGT to reduce the risk for everybody, hence the urge for older drivers to be aware of their own responsibilities.

Medically speaking, Director of Madrid´s National Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Valentí Fuster, points out that there are no age limits to driving, but “the biology of each person is different and you have to be careful with set limits, it´s a matter of personal responsibility”.

Of course problems driving are far from exclusive to the elderly, more and more there are incidents of drivers travelling the wrong way along motorways or one-way streets, confusion over new road elements such as roundabouts, higher speed and busier streets, a heightened awareness is vital, as is paying closer attention when on the road, as well as health matters which may go unnoticed, such as deteriorating eyesight, mobility problems and the aches and pains of maturity that combined can lead to distraction or disaster, depending on the severity of the situation  drivers deal with every day.

### The Rules Regarding A – Frames

If you have a motorhome and you want to carry your car to Spain, you have to be aware that A-Frames are forbidden in Spain, so you will need a trailer to carry your car.

A-Frames are not allowed in Spain

The law which legislates in this matter is the "Reglamento General de Circulación", and applies to all vehicles that are in Spain. The same rule applies whether you are a resident or on holiday in Spain with a motorhome with a foreigner plate number.

A vehicle must be carried on an approved trailer.

INSTRUCTION 08/V-74.- Motorhome towing a Car.

	TRANSPORT OF AUXILIARY VEHICLES

Very often, motorhomes carry auxiliary vehicles, usually bicycles, a moped or small motorcycle. This practice is authorized provided an approved bicycle rack or a platform for this purpose is used and, when projecting out from the usual characteristics of the motorhome, the following requirements as provided in Article 15 of the Reglamento General de Circulación are met.

Protruding from motorhome at the back, up to 10% of its length and if one vehicle (indivisible load), 15%. That all appropriate precautions are taken to prevent damage or danger to other users of public roads and should have extremities protected to lessen the effects of a possible friction or shock.

The protrusion must be visibly protected by the use of a V-20 sign as per Article 173 and whose characteristics are set out in Annex XI of the Reglamento General de Vehículos. This sign is placed at the rear end of the load so that it is constantly perpendicular to the vehicle axis.

After frequent questions regarding the possibility of a motorhome towing a car, this possibility is prohibited in Article 9.3 of the Reglamento General de Vehículos which prohibits the movement of a motor vehicle towing another, unless there is an immediate risk of damage or injury and it cannot be dragged by another vehicle specifically designed for that purpose, in which case it is allowed only to the nearest place where it will not hinder traffic movement and provided that it is not on a motorway.

Notwithstanding the points already mentioned, a combination of vehicles consisting of a motor and a trailer or semitrailer on which another vehicle can be transported is permitted if the set qualifies for driving on public roads and is approved to Directives 70/156/CEE and 94/20/CEE and they do not exceed the maximum length allowed for these sets which is 18.75 meters and 16.50 meters in the case of a semi-trailer.

 

You can find more information about Instruction 08/V-74 directly from the website, https://n332.es/2015/05/23/motorhome-and-campervan-legislation/

Remember to follow N332 on Facebook for daily updates and news relating to Spanish traffic laws, just search for “N332”.

### Eight Deaths on the Roads This Weekend

A total of eight people have lost their lives on the roads of Spain this weekend, in the provisional count between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday, three of them motorcyclists and one a pedestrian.



Saturday was the worst day of the weekend with four fatal incidents, resulting in two motorcyclists being killed in near Elche and Las Palmas, a pedestrian in Guipúzcoa and a vehicle occupant in Pontevedra.

A 44 year old man died in an incident involving a car and a motorbike on the A-7 motorway near to Elche on Saturday, with emergency services attending the scene but unable to revive the rider.

In Las Palmas, the emergency services received notice that the motorcyclist had collided with a car and landed in a ravine near the town of Guriete. Despite managing to find and recue the rider, emergency services could only confirm the death.

Sunday saw three fatal crashes in Toledo, Tenerife and Tarragona where an occupant in the rear seat of a vehicle was killed in a crash.

The victim of the Tenerife crash was a man in his 70´s whose vehicle plunged off a bridge near San Antonio. Meanwhile, four young girls had a lucky escape when their car collided with another in Playa del Inglés on the island of Gran Canaria. Their vehicle overturned but the girls suffered only minor injuries, according to rescuers at the scene.

On Friday a motorcyclist was killed in Segovia.

Prior to the count of this weekend, an off duty Guardia Civil officer was praised for rescuing a woman from her burning car on the hard shoulder of the CV-40 near to Aielo de Malferit on Thursday. The officer was driving towards Ontinyent and spotted the BMW M5 in flames and so went to the vehicle, only to see the woman trapped inside. The officer carried out the daring rescue and stayed with the woman until fire fighters arrived and extinguished the blaze.

### New DGT Instruction Clarifying European Driving Licence Renewals

In order to clarify some of the confusion which has arisen over foreign residents in Spain changing their driving license for a Spanish one, the DGT has issued an instruction which details the obligations of both drivers and law enforcers in dealing with the issue.

Firstly, if your license has an indefinite date, or more than 15 years validity and you were legally resident in Spain before January 19, 2013, you should have already renewed your driving license. If you only became resident after that date, you have until 2 years from your date of residency to renew.

Secondly, if your license has expired or is due to expire, you must renew it in your country of residence, in other words, if you are a resident in Spain, your current license, once it expires, must be renewed in Spain.

Perhaps also important is the fact that Spain has adopted a transitional period in which those drivers who are resident must comply, on account of there being so many foreigners living in the country. No sanctions of fines would be issued before January 1, 2016, to allow drivers sufficient time to renew their license.

However, if a driver is stopped by traffic police and is found to be in violation of the rule and has not renewed their license and exchanged it for a Spanish equivalent, then their details would be recorded and forwarded to the DGT, where details would be added to the central computer system, so that if the driver is stopped again and is found still to have not changed their license within a six month period, and after the enforcement date of January 1, 2016, then sanctions would become applicable and a 200 euro fine would be issued. There will be leniency if the driver can prove that an appointment has been made and is due in which the renewal is scheduled if it is beyond the six month or final date period.

The driver, when stopped in the first instance, will also be given an information sheet, in Spanish, detailing the reasons why the license must be renewed, and the procedure for doing so. If there is any doubt as to the residency status of the driver, the law enforcers will still record their details and send them to the traffic department to investigate the official status of the driver in question.

The text above is a summary of the instruction, the full directive is available to read in Spanish, but we have extracted the most important elements here and translated them into English in more detail.

The directive explains in more detail how instruction 15/S-136, of the 9th of March, 2015, refers to infringements of Article 15 of the Reglamento General de Conductores, which are the regulations for drivers, and the obligation to renew the driving license for residents in Spain. Directive 2006/126 /CE of the European Parliament of 2006 and Royal Decree 818/2009, amends the regulations which came into force on January 19, 2013, and the unification of driving licenses across European Union member states.

Referring to the period of validity of driving licenses, set out in Article 2 paragraph 2 of the Directive, where the holder of a valid license without the administrative validity period specified in paragraph 2 of article 7, sets habitual residence in a Member State that issued your driving license, the host Member State may apply to permit administrative validity periods provided for in the Directive, by the renewal of driving licenses, from two years the date on which the holder established habitual residence in its territory.

According to this principle, Article 15 paragraph 4 of the Reglamento General de Conductores makes it compulsory for those driving licenses which carry an indefinite date, or more than 15 years validity for Group 1 drivers (AM, A1, A2, A , B and BE), or five years for group 2 (BTP, C1, C1E, C, CE D1, D1E, D, DE), and held by drivers who are resident in Spain for more than two years time, to renew their licenses.

Thus, two cases are distinguished:

	The holder of a European driving license with an indefinite duration or greater than 15 (or five years in the case of group permissions 2) with legal residence in Spain acquired on January 19, 2013 or before that date – You must renew your driving license from January 19, 2015.
	The holder of a European driving license with an indefinite duration or greater than 15 (or five years in the case of group permissions 2) with legal residence in Spain obtained dated after January 19, 2013 – You must renew your driving license from the moment two years of residence in Spain has been met.

Moreover, they must also renew your driving license holders legal residents having their community permits expired or soon to expire permission.

The directive also details procedure in the case of violations in the event of a driver not renewing a license in the country of residence.

Article 15, paragraph 4, option 5A of the Reglamento General de Conductores details how the rules relating to driving with a European license once residency has been achieved would come effective and enforceable from January 19, 2015, throughout the European territory.

The European Commission asked Member States to show flexibility in implementing this new regulation, since the main objective is to regularize the administrative situation of driving licenses for EU citizens. As Spain has a considerable number of citizens who must renew their licenses flexibility will be accompanied by communication and an outreach campaign to inform all European citizens living in the country.

Consequently, filing complaints and sanctions for drivers who have not renewed their license once the two year residency period has been reached cannot be carried out automatically, but would see drivers advised in the initial period of the need to change their licenses, whilst allowing a reasonable amount of time for the change and renewal of driving licenses to be made.

For these reasons, it is necessary to establish a transitional period during which drivers who have not yet complied with the law have ample time to become aware of the change. Therefore, the date of January 1, 2016, is the date when the law would become enforceable by fines, and sanctions must not be levied before that date.

The directive also points out that, as a general rule, all European driving licenses are valid for driving in Spain, having assumed that it has been issued or renewed by the relevant authorities of a member state, as well as other considerations relating to residence and compliance with the other requirements.

Principally, the directive also requires law enforcement officers to check the reverse of the driving license for validity, not just the front. This is to ensure not only that the permit has not expired, but also to check for an indefinite validity or if it exceeds 15 years of validity for AM, A1, A2, A, B and BE, or indefinite or more than 5 year validity for BTP, C1, C1E, C permits, CE D1, D1E, D, DE.





In both cases, the officer would issue an information sheet to the driver, in Spanish, which contains all of the relevant information required to renew the license and the reason why it has to be done. The officer would then complete a form detailing the driver´s and license information, which would then be sent to the traffic department for registering. The driver would then be informed that they must comply as soon as practicable, and within six months, and in any case, no later than January 1, 2016.

If the driver is stopped again after the required period, it will be reported as a serious breach of Article 15.4 of the Reglamento General de Conductores, with the driver punishable by a fine of 200 euro.

Moreover, if there are doubts about the driver's residence in Spain, the details must still be recorded by the officer and forwarded to the Provincial Traffic Department, which is responsible for conducting the relevant preliminary investigation in order to investigate the residency of the driver.

The Provincial Traffic will check the information sheets and data collected by officers in order to record a history of the driver and issue an advisory notice recording the facts. If that driver is stopped after the six month period or the final date and is still in violation of the rules, but can prove that an appointment to renew the license has been made, then that driver will not be penalised.

You can read the entire instruction, in Spanish, in the window below. Hover over the page and use the NEXT button to move to the next page. To download the instruction yourself, right click this line and choose "Save file as...", or "Save to local computer", or the equivalent on your browser.

[pdf-embedder url="https://n332.es/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Inst15-S-136.pdf"]

### Guardia Civil Patrol Rescue Snow Stranded Family

Officers from the Guardia Civil in the Albacete town of Letur rescued a family from Torrevieja who had become stranded in their car in snow.



The couple, along with their two children aged 2 and 5, had become stranded in the municipality of Nerpio and had become disorientated in the winding forest paths of the area.

The 112 emergency centre coordinated the rescue and dispatched Guardia Civil patrols to search the area around the Sierra de las Cabras, in the midst of a heavy snow storm, with mixed in rain and thick fog.

After more than three hours of searching in the adverse conditions a patrol came across the car with the occupants still inside, in good health. The vehicle had become blocked by mud and snow on a stretch of forest track.

Once having confirmed that the occupants were well, the officers then proceeded to attempt to free the vehicle, which was an extremely difficult task given the condition and state of the blockage, but successful none the less.

The family were then accompanied to safety by the patrol to the Murcia town of Cañada de la Cruz, from where they were able to continue unaided, but with no doubt thanks and praise for their late night saviours.

### Always Maintain a Safe Distance

This is a dashcam video taken during a normal drive. Unbeknown to the driver of the video car, the vehicle in front suddenly slows down. 

In the video, it then becomes clear that the driver in front observed a large dog walking along the carriageway.

It is important to always maintain a safe distance between you and the vehicle in front, as you never know what that vehicle has to respond to.

### Easter Traffic Operation Starts Today

In preparation for the Easter celebrations, the special traffic operation launched by the DGT begins today, and will be in two stages, the first being this weekend between 15:00 on Friday and 24:00 on Sunday 29th March, and again for Easter, commencing at 15:00 on Wednesday, 1st April, until 24:00 on Monday, 6th.



In total, it is expected that 13.5 million journeys will be made during the Easter period, an estimated 4.7% increase on the same period last year. This weekend, it is anticipated that there will be 3.4 million trips.

The highest density of traffic is expected to occur on Friday evening and Saturday morning, mostly heading from inland areas such as cities towards coastal and mountainous areas and those with touristic attractions.

Once the tourists have arrived at their destinations the concentrations will be around leisure and retail areas, as well as the beaches, and with the weather forecast looking particularly good this year, the beaches are expected to be particularly attractive. In addition, many of the visitors will visit the religious celebrations and parades, and so a concentration is expected around those, details of which can be obtained from your local tourist information office.

For the second phase, it is expected to start to get busy on the Wednesday, but then even busier on the Thursday as places as Cataluña and Valencia start to join in the celebrations, with some 8 million trips overall expected.

At the end of the holiday period, the tourists then return to their inland homes, and so the concentration will move from coastal and tourist zone back inland, and are likely to be busier as, unlike the arrival, the end is not as staggered. Sunday afternoon and evening are expected to be particularly bad, but the holiday continues into Monday in some areas, and so that will also pose a problem for traffic flow.

There will be 10,000 Guardia Civil traffic officers on duty, supported by 13,000 road maintenance operators. As well as around 800 officers and employees of the 8 control centres managing the movement of traffic flow. There will be 120 check points and special lanes in 25 sections of the road network, monitoring more than 800 kilometres of roads. There will also be eyes in the sky as the 13 DGT helicopters will be on hand too, including those equipped with Pegasus radar, available to alert and control any incident on the roads.

For our part, all we have to do is plan our journeys to ensure we get to our destinations safely and in the optimum time, avoiding the busiest periods where possible, allowing extra time for our journey, keeping a safe speed and distance at all times, taking regular breaks and safe in the knowledge that we are being looked after every step of the way during this Easter period, to keep us all safe to enjoy many more in the future.

Traffic information can be obtained from the DGT website, http://infocar.dgt.es/etraffic/, and their Twitter feed, https://twitter.com/informacionDGT

 

### Police Helicopter in Emergency Landing

A helicopter operated by the Catalan police, the Mossos d'Esquadra, made an emergency landing today after an engine fire.



Luckily, none of the officers on board were injured, other than the obvious shock, and the helicopter remained intact whilst the pilot carried out the emergency landing just after takeoff at around 11:00.

An investigation is now underway to ascertain what happened to EC-KYJ, an Aerospatiale AS 355N,m which is reported to have been involved in a previous emergency whilst filming the cycle race of Spain in Asturias.

 

### Planning For the Easter Road Rush

We may all take driving for granted in some ways, especially during the busiest times, often getting stuck in traffic jams or delayed, or facing the misery of congestion, not to mention incidents and accidents, but behind the scenes, for traffic management centres, preparations for major holidays begin immediately after the last one has finished, but in the case of major events such as Easter, plans for the 2015 road operation were already being mapped out immediately after the celebrations came to a close last year.



It is inevitable that even despite the meticulous planning that goes into an event, there will still be congestion and delays, often caused by crashes and other live incidents, but sometimes due to planning deficiencies.

That is why immediately after a major event the plan is analysed and assessed, to try to improve the next similar operation. Then, the data is collated and the plan improved, taking into account whether further restrictions are needed, or more lanes to improve traffic flow, as well as more staff, in fact every minor detail is then presented in the Official Gazette.

Once the plan is established, it then filters through the provincial traffic management operations centres, as well as the subsectors of the Guardia Civil, so that the necessary human resources can be ensured for the operation to run to plan, control points are established, special measures arranged for key days, variable signalling plans and lane controls adopted and a long list of other measures agreed, not forgetting long, mid and short term weather predictions, especially given the changing date of a holiday such as Easter.

In addition, the same plan is disseminated amongst the operating centres of Catalonia and the Basque Country, who take on the responsibility for their own traffic management.

As part of the plan, we can also see who will be on hand to deal with it on ground level, not only ensuring the operation works, but responding to any crisis that presents itself.

Now, the science bit... There will be 10,000 Guardia Civil traffic officers on duty, supported by 13,000 road maintenance operators. As well as around 800 officers and employees of the 8 control centres managing the movement of traffic flow. There will be 120 check points and special lanes in 25 sections of the road network, monitoring more than 800 kilometres of roads. There will also be eyes in the sky as the 13 DGT helicopters will be on hand too, including those equipped with Pegasus radar, available to alert and control any incident on the roads.

For our part, all we have to do is plan our journeys to ensure we get to our destinations safely and in the optimum time, avoiding the busiest periods where possible, allowing extra time for our journey, keeping a safe speed and distance at all times, taking regular breaks and safe in the knowledge that we are being looked after every step of the way during this Easter period, to keep us all safe to enjoy many more in the future.

### Foreign Truckers Need to be Aware of UK Road Levy

Over the course of 1 year the HGV levy, introduced on 1 April 2014, has raised more than £44 million from foreign HGVs, Transport Minister Robert Goodwill announced this week, including £750,000 in fixed penalty notices to truckers who failed to pay upfront.



Foreign truck operators from 90 countries have purchased more than 1.8 million levies, a time-based charge that ensures all HGVs over 12 tonnes contribute towards their use of UK roads.

Transport Minister Robert Goodwill said:

“The HGV levy is proving a huge success and it is absolutely right that all trucks using UK roads should make a contribution to the wear and tear they cause.

“This levy is supported by the British haulage industry and has levelled the playing field for operators. UK-registered vehicles regularly pay their way through tolls and user charges in Europe and it is only fair that foreign HGVs are not exempt from charges in this country.”

Jack Semple, Policy Director at the Road Haulage Association (RHA) said:

“The levy is a success story. The RHA had very productive discussions with the Department for Transport as the scheme was being developed and it was brought in smoothly and on time – even though the schedule was quite demanding. A year on from the launch, the levy appears to be delivering for the haulage industry exactly what we were hoping for.”

UK-registered vehicles pay the levy either annually or 6 monthly alongside Vehicle Excise Duty. For foreign operators, transactions are made on-line using a dedicated foreign payment system.

98% of foreign levies purchased have been the highest band (band G) of £10 per day or £1,000 per year. Over 90% of foreign levies purchased have been for less than a week. Top payers include operators from Poland, who account for more than 26%, Romania who have purchased nearly 12% and Spain who have purchased over 8% of all foreign levies.

Where the levy has not been paid, the driver faces a £300 on the spot fine at the roadside. Enforcement agencies have issued some 2,500 fixed penalty notices and collected fines of over £750,000 for non-levy payment.

### Beware of Fake Message Scams

Having fast become one of the most popular communication devices used by the mobile generation, and attributed with saving lives due to its ability to share locations and pictures, it is inevitable that mobile message service WhatsApp would also become a target for scammers.

One of the most recent threats has been sending messages containing details which coerce people into contacting premium rate numbers, either by phoning, or, more usually, subscribing to premium rate messaging services that are extremely difficult to cancel and rack up a huge bill for the victims.

Some messages are not quite so financially problematic but cause their own problems by spreading confusion or panic and wrong information, especially as they encourage innocent victims to share the erroneous information with their friends, creating a viral network of confusion and scam in which more innocent parties are drawn in.

One recent message which has been shared through WhatsApp relates to the emergency services. The message, which is often accompanied by emoticons (small images) depicting police, fire and ambulance,  advises users that in the event of an emergency, you can summons the emergency services by calling 088 for free. This is simply not true.



It was in 1991 that the European Union recognised the need for a standardised emergency number for all member states, so that wherever you were across the continent you would always know the number to dial in the event of an emergency. That number is 1-1-2.

In recognition of the date, there is also an annual celebration day which raises awareness of that number which is held on the 11th of February each year, or, to put it another way, on 11-2, thus affirming the existence of the number sequence, 1-1-2.

The number works from any phone, whether it is a fixed landline or a mobile, and will even work if the mobile phone is locked or has no data plan, so wherever you see a phone, the emergency number will always be 1-1-2, without cost to the caller.

There are many other similar messages which have spread through WhatsApp, as well as social networks such as Facebook and Twitter, many of which are documented on the internet, and so it is always worthwhile doing a quick search if you do receive anything that looks unusual, or too good to be true.

But in this case, although the number in the latest message is not active and has been confirmed that it has no relevance to the emergency services currently (it was previously associated with the Catalan police but is no more), the message is considered to be inappropriate and dangerous as it could cause confusion to the recipient, which, at a time which can often mean the difference between life and death, could cost lives by delaying the emergency response.

It is therefore important to ignore a message which looks like this one, certainly not forwarding it to your friends, and always remember that in the case of a life threatening emergency, the only number you need to know is 1-1-2.

### Always Drive at a Safe Speed

This is a dashcam video taken during a normal drive. What happens is a car towing a trailer crosses the solid white line in order to reverse into a field for loading.

The site is a well known accident blackspot on a fast moving road where fatalities have occurred. This could have been a disaster in the wrong situation, but shows the importance of driving at a speed which will allow you to stop well within the distance you can see to be clear.

### Unmarked Police Cars

"Hi, can you please post what to do in a situation where you are stopped by unmarked car who are claiming to be Guardia civil but you don't believe them to be.. Thank you".


The Traffic Police sometimes use unmarked cars for patrolling roads, here are some of the characteristics that show you how to differentiate a police unmarked car:

1. In the front there are flashing red and blue lights. (A red light means; STOP).

2. At the rear there are the same lights, and a lettered matrix sign which shows the words "GUARDIA CIVIL, ALTO", "G.CIVIL TRAFICO, STOP". The message can be modified depending on who is using the vehicle.



3.The Traffic Police always wear uniforms when they are patrolling the roads.



If you have committed a traffic offence you can be fined and if you do not have NIE number (only passport), you will have to pay the fine on the spot. Before paying the fine, you will receive it, and you can read in Spanish the traffic offence committed and the price you have to pay.

At the bottom of the fine, you will find the Id of the policeman who wrote the fine.

So if you are stopped by a Traffic police unmarked car, you can see how there have to be 2 uniformed police officers inside the car. If you have any doubts if they are real policemen, call 062 (Guardia Civil), and tell them the plate number of the car to check if it is a real police car.

In the Traffic Police there are 2 different formats for the fines:

1- The new format, which is made on a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant - computer).



2- The old format, which is made on a paper model, and only needs to be filled in.



When the PDA does not work, or there are connection problems, they use the old format, but remember that there are NO other official formats, so be aware of fake police who want to get money from you. Call 062 or 112 if you know they are fakes.

### TomTom navigation with real-time traffic information now FREE

TomTom GO Mobile, a new navigation app for Android devices, is available globally for free on 64 Google Play stores from today. You can now experience TomTom’s premium navigation and real-time traffic information, driving up to 50 miles (75 kilometres) every month free of charge. Drivers can then upgrade to unlimited driving with a simple in-app purchase.



Sharing the same user interface as the award-winning TomTom GO satnav, the mobile app will help drivers get to their destinations, faster, every day. With offline Maps, TomTom Traffic, superior routing and Speed Camera warnings in countries where available, the app is the ideal travel companion for mobile users. The new app features a global map licence so drivers can use it in 111 countries even without a network connection.

Users of the current Android app can download a three year Unlimited Navigation subscription for the new MobileApp for just 50p, inclusive of TomTom Traffic and Speed Cameras.

“The TomTom GO Mobile app for Android is made for drivers who want to experience the best of TomTom on their smartphone,” says Corinne Vigreux, Managing Director, TomTom Consumer. “We have entirely re-thought our mobile solution so every driver has the chance to try navigation with TomTom Traffic. Now all Android owners can avoid the traffic jams and get to their destinations faster, every day.”

Terms and conditions and inApp purchases apply, but for low use, the app and service is free and is now available to download from the Google Play store for free: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.tomtom.gplay.navapp

### Preparing for the Easter Rush

Easter is always a busy time on the roads and this year is no exception, with many inland residents choosing to travel to coastal and mountainous regions for a short break.

Primarily, the movement of vehicles heads towards the coast before the holiday period, heading back inland at the end and shortly after, with key times throughout when traffic will be particularly busy everywhere.

The good news is that from their years of experience, the DGT are able to predict those busiest times, and therefore advise us of the best times to avoid being on the roads in order to minimise delays and congestion.

The whole transportation plan begins on Wednesday afternoon, but Thursday morning is also particularly busy. On Friday and Saturday the focus is at the holiday hotspots, with retail and leisure sites particularly busy, whereas on Sunday afternoon poses the biggest problem as there is a shorter timeframe for the return operation, although some areas celebrate the Monday as a holiday too, and so the return to some of those regions can be delayed.

The full operational plan will be released by the DGT shortly, which will advise of such improvements as extra lanes to increase traffic flow, the suspension of road works and many heavy and restricted goods movements, as well as the army of Guardia Civil and emergency management teams who will be looking to keep the roads flowing safer during the period.

There is an infographic already prepared which shows the key times to avoid, including Wednesday from 19:00 to 21:00, Thursday from 10:00 until 15:00, Friday from 11:00 until 15:00. For the return operation, the busiest times are likely to be on Sunday from 12:00 until 22:00, and on Monday from 07:00 until 09:00 and from 12:00 until 21:00.



Remember, if you do have to drive during these periods, allow extra time for your journey, take plenty of breaks, stay calm and maintain a safe speed and distance at all times.

### Time to Save on Motor Fuel Bills

Saving money on your gas or electricity supply may be a concept we have all at least seen, even if we haven´t used the service, but the latest money saving scheme to be launched is set to benefit thousands of people who can save on their motor fuel bill.



The Spanish consumer association, OCU, or Organización de consumidores y usuarios, has launched the first collective purchasing scheme for motor fuel in Spain, as, according to the association, although prices are liberalised, the differences between service stations do not allow consumers to reap significant savings.

OCU has pointed out that although there was a recent drop in fuel prices, they have constantly been increasing and have regained the higher prices already after the brief reduction. OCU believe that consumers are suffering as a result of fast rising prices and although the price of oil moves quickly, the end product price continues to increase.

OCU also believe that it is unacceptable that there is no competition in the motor fuel sector, especially considering that in Spain prices before taxes and margins are applied are higher than in much of the rest of the European continent.

Therefore, the collective aims to save money for everybody and to seek affordable and fair prices, creating a fairer market with discounts based on the more you use.

Collective Purchasing has already been proven as a valuable tool to consumers who want to change things. It is clear, they say, that together we can get more, and now our goal is to achieve a better price for gasoline and diesel.

Participation is free and without obligation, but you do have to register before May 12th on the dedicated website, www.quieropagarmenosgasolina.org, in order to achieve significant savings.

Although the website is expectedly in Spanish, it is relatively easy to submit your information with just a little knowledge of the language. When you get to the site, you have to put your first and last names in the boxes, along with your email address and telephone number. Then tick the two boxes about accepting their terms and conditions and allowing them to contact you. These are requirements of data protection legislation and the very least we would expect from a consumer association who dedicate their activities to representing and protecting us. Then click the big button named “Inscribete”.

Next, you choose the type of fuel you normally buy, the amount of annual kilometres you travel, the amount you spend on fuel each month and your postcode, to allow the closest options when you are set to save, finally choosing two of your favourite fuel suppliers.

You will then receive an email with your unique reference clearly marked, so you can make changes to your data at any time.

That´s it, then you wait. Once the collective starts to operate you will receive information about where to get cheaper fuel as part of the first such collective of its kind.

### Wanted: The Best Young Drivers in the UK

Young Driver Challenge gets into gear in search for best drivers – who are too young to hold a licence



The search is on for the country’s best young driver – but the catch is they have to be aged under 17.

The Young Driver Challenge 2015 launches this week, and offers 11-16 year olds the chance to show their skills behind the wheel of a car.

The Challenge took place for the first time in 2014, with hundreds of entries from around the country. Accelerating to the top, the eventual winners were named as Hannah Tripp, aged 13 from Cheddar in Somerset, and Troy Hickling, aged 16, from Leicester.

Run by Young Driver, the UK’s largest provider of pre-17 driving lessons, the Challenge aims to encourage youngsters to consider responsible and safe driving, with top marks given to those who show the best levels of control and awareness. It is backed by the Institute of Advanced Motorists (IAM) and motoring expert and presenter Quentin Willson.

Entries can be made until the end of July and the 40 top scorers will be invited to a final event to be held in the Midlands in September. Drivers are assessed during a lesson at any of Young Driver’s 28 venues, and marked according to strict criteria on their driving skills and manoeuvres, including parallel parking, figures of eight, turn in the road, steering, judgement and positioning. Participants complete the second part of the test after their lesson via the Goodyear Driving Academy, an online driving simulator which tests a youngsters’ knowledge of the Highway Code.

The top prizes on offer include 20 Young Driver lessons, 20 ‘on the road’ post-17 driving lessons courtesy of Goodyear, a Young Driver at School session for the winner and their classmates and £500 off a car insurance premium courtesy of Young Driver sponsor Admiral. There will also be a special Admiral Award for the young driver who shows the best attitude, with a £200 cash prize.

The Young Driver scheme was set up in 2009 with the aim of creating safer newly qualified drivers. Currently in the UK, one in five new drivers has an accident within six months of passing their test and road traffic accidents account for 25 per cent of all the deaths of 15-19 year olds. Every year 400 people are killed in accidents involving young drivers. Yet, independent research shows that Young Driver past-pupils have 50 per cent less accidents than other novice drivers.

Kim Stanton, who runs the Young Driver scheme, said: “The Young Driver Challenge was a huge success last year. The final event included 40 youngsters who all demonstrated a driving ability well beyond their years, and I think people would be stunned to see how good they are. The aim of Young Driver has always been to create a safer next generation of drivers. We need to teach youngsters over a longer period of time, to give them a more thorough understanding and ample experience. Research actually shows that road safety messages are better absorbed by children in their early teens rather than at driving age. So the Young Driver Challenge gives us a great opportunity to talk to more youngsters about safe driving, and to show the general public just how good these young drivers can be, given the proper tuition. We look forward to seeing this year’s entries!”

Mark Lewis, Director of Standards for the Institute of Advanced Motorists (IAM),said: “I was very impressed with the standard of driving displayed by the young drivers last year and the final went to a tense tie-breaker. All who attended had a good day and I heard lots of stories from proud parents and grandparents about how the young drivers have made them change their driving habits for the better. Every young person who undertakes this training is potentially setting themselves up for a lifetime of safe driving. I’m looking forward to seeing the standard being maintained this year and a sunny final event like last year will be the icing on the cake!”

Quentin Willson, Transport Campaigner, added: “The Young Driver Challenge recognises and celebrates how early tuition can make a generation of novice drivers safer on our roads. I'm extremely proud to support these awards.”

For more information about the challenge, or to book a Young Driver lesson, please log on towww.youngdriver.eu or call 0844 371 9010.

### Multi-Vehicle Crash at Santa Pola

Five vehicles were involved in a pile up on the N-332 near Santa Pola on Tuesday evening, with six people suffering injuries, three of them serious.



The crash occurred at around 18:30 when a vehicle travelling from El Altet to Santa Pola, with two occupants on board, crashed into the vehicles on the N332, near to the abandoned Rocas Blancas hotel.

The immediate chain of events saw numerous collisions involving a total of four more cars, one of which collided with the wall of a restaurant, resulting in the driver having to be extracted by the attending emergency crews.

The initial investigation reveals that a brake problem may have been the cause of the collision, but a full investigation is underway.

### How To Read Tyre Size?

Please look at the photos and see how to read a tyre size.





Be careful with offers about new tyres or second hand tyres, check the manufacturing date before buying a tyre, on the third photo we show how to do it.



Manufacturing Date: 4108 - It means; Week nº 41- of the Year: 2008. So, in 2015, this year is already 7 years old, be careful with offers!!!!

### Government Increasing Police Numbers in 2015

The Spanish Government has approved an increase in law enforcement officers in the country, adding 1,374 police posts and 884 positions within the Guardia Civil. This is the largest increase so far during this administrative term which ends this election year.



Within the quota of Guardia Civil officers, 64 will be for student postings, the largest increase in the last year, the remaining being front-line troops. The police force will be boosted by 1,299 front-line officers and 60 executives, representing an increase of over 300% on that promised.

The last time such an increase was approved was in 2009, during the socialist government´s administrative term, with an increase of 5,000 officers in 2008, although the financial crisis started to take hold in 2010, resulting in a decline in police numbers, before the 2011 elections saw a new government continue to make cuts, until now, the end of this political term.

There will be increases in administrative staffing dealing with such matters as taxation and justice, as well as local government, with the total number of jobs being advertised by the ministry being 11,250, of which 7,416 will be for open recruitment, the remaining 3,834 by internal promotion.

### Nine Dead and Numerous Lucky Escapes the Weekend

Nine people have lost their lives on the roads of Spain this weekend, including two cyclists and a motorcyclist, in eight fatal crashes during the weekend.

In the provisional data released by the DGT until 20:00 on Sunday night, four people have also been seriously injured and another six suffered minor injuries.

The busiest day was Saturday when there were six accidents, resulting in seven people being killed and ten suffering injuries.

A cyclist was killed in one of Saturday´s incidents, which was in the Cádiz town of Puerto de Santa María. The other cyclist was killed on Friday in the Granada town of Sorvilán, when it is believed the cyclist lost control at high speed.

The motorcyclist dies on Sunday in the only recorded fatal incident of the day, although a couple in their 60´s were lucky to escape alive when their motor home overturned in the Villademor de la Vega area in the province of León.

Meanwhile, in another lucky escape on Sunday, the driver of a car in Seville received minor injuries when his vehicle collided with an ambulance. The ambulance crew also survived unhurt.



Finally, a number of Guardia Civil officers escaped with minor injuries when a car smashed into two patrol vehicles in El Vendrell. The marked Guardia Civil Nissan X-Trail was carrying four officers and a Peugeot 307 carrying two, when they were both rammed by a vehicle coming in the opposite direction. The Moroccan driver was arrested by the Catalan police and charged with a crime against road safety.

### Auto Emergency Call Technology Approved

The Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection of the European Parliament has given approval for all new vehicles to have an automated emergency call function installed which activated in the event of a crash.



The equipment is known as “eCall” and will automatically notify the emergency services in the event of a crash, sending the location data, type of vehicle and fuel being used automatically, thus speeding up the response time. This will subsequently “save lives and reduce the severity of injuries”, according to the statement made by the committee.

The ruling would come into force on the 31st of March, 2018, at which point all new cars and light commercial vehicles would have to have the equipment installed.

The draft text of the motion was agreed in December after a number of concerns were raised over the security of the data collated. Only the minimum details required would be sent to the emergency services and would not be retained, nor would they be sent to third parties without the explicit consent of the person concerned.

The legislation was finally approved today in the commission of the Parliament with 26 votes in favour and three against. It will now be submitted for final approval in Strasbourg in April.

### Selling a Second Hand Car in Spain

Selling a Second Hand Car in Spain (PROBLEMS).

We have received many private messages about people who have sold his car to another person and after several years the log book have not been renewed.

Therefore the annual tax (SUMA) and all speeding tickets are sent to the old owner.

Here we post 2 of the many messages we have received, ir order to avoid this situations happen again.


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOLLOWER "A":

"Please may I ask you a question?.

I sold a car a few years ago and the buyer promised to transfer the documents himself the next day at traffico, he did not do this and then sold the car to another person and to this date the papers have not been changed and I do not no the new owner.

I have put the car into Baja with my lawyer but should I also inform the Guardia Civil that someone is driving the vehicle in my name without my permission.

The person I sold the car to has now moved to England."
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FOLLOWER "B":

"Hello I have a question...

Some elderly friends sold a car over 3 years ago. They were told that the papers would be changed...but guess what they wasn't.

They have no idea where the car is it who has it. There paid the suma for 3 years!!! I asked trafico Alicante and was told without any papers or proof of sale then I could only do a Baja temporal which is what they did.

The friendshave now received a speeding ticket..so the car is still being driven but they don't know who by and what to do.. Should they make a police report so that the police stop the car??

Trafico have told me it is insured but won't give details of the person who has insured it.

They just want to end this mess and are elderly so it is worrying them very much. I have explained that the legal requirement was theirs and that they should have made sure the name change was done but of course it's too late now!!

Should they pay the fine?? Also they have an advisory to notify who the driver was....but again they don't know!!
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
N332:

When you sell a car, remember you need to fill in a SALE CONTRACT, and make a photocopy of the buyer´s id.

Inform the buyer that he has 15 days to go to the Traffic Office and change the Log Book into his name and send you a copy to verify this has happened.

After 15 days, If he has not done it. YOU have to go to the Traffic Office with:
1.Your ID
2. Photocopy of the buyer´s id.
3. Sales Contract (Signed for both- Buyer and Seller)
4. Fill in the "Notification of Sale" Document. (You can download from dgt website or get a copy on the information desk of the Traffic Office.)

If for any reason you have forgotten to do these steps and you can not contact the buyer, go to the Traffic Office and deregister your vehicle, we called in Spain :"Dar de Baja Temporal un Vehiculo".
From that moment you will not pay the annual tax, and when the vehicle is stopped by the police, and they check that the vehicle is deregistered, the vehicle will be clamped or towed away until the problem is solved

1. Temporary deregistration registering a temporarily deregistered vehicle (Info):

https://sede.dgt.gob.es/Galerias/tramites-y-multas/tu-coche/bajas/02/02-Baja-temporal-y-alta-de-baja-temporal-INGLES-30-12-2014.pdf

2. "Notification of Sale" Document, click here to download directly from dgt website:

https://sede.dgt.gob.es/Galerias/tramites-y-multas/tu-coche/cambio-titularidad/Mod_9.07-A_Castellano.pdf

3. Notification of Transmission or Sale of the vehicle (Info);

https://sede.dgt.gob.es/Galerias/tramites-y-multas/tu-coche/cambio-titularidad/09/09-Notificacion-venta-vehiculo-INGLES-30-12-2014.pdf

### V-02 Signal

Did you know it is allowed to use a rotative flash orange light in your vehicle in certain situations?



Drivers of private cars may use a rotating flashing device in their vehicle to effectively signify an emergency situation, such as an accident or a breakdown, and thus avoiding further accidents in the case of poor visibility.


Besides the compulsory kit composed of “1 reflective jacket and 2 warning triangles”, drivers of private vehicles may add a V-2 type light device, which may have one or several "yellow auto" coloured lights (traditional yellow colour for front, rear and indicator lights on Spanish vehicles), which should be visible in all directions from a distance of 100 meters.

The V-2 will be installed above the highest direction indicator lights, without affecting the driver's visibility or the vehicle’s structure protection.

Do not forget that whether or not you have a V-2 type light device, the proper way to signify an emergency situation is by using the direction indicators along with the warning triangles.

(Information translated by http://torreviejatranslation.com)

### Driver Caught at 233 in Benidorm 100 Zone

Officers from the Guardia Civil caught a driver of a vehicle who was clocked travelling at 233 kilometres per hour on a section of road where the limit is 100 near to Benidorm.



According to the Provincial Command, the vehicle was detected at 03:30 at kilometre 147.700 of the N-332 main road in Benidorm at a speed control point.

The vehicle was recorded at a speed of 223 kilometres per hour on a stretch of road where the maximum permitted limit is shown as 100 kilometres per hour, and so proceeded to stop the vehicle immediately.

The driver, a 34 year old Spanish national, was arrested for a crime against road safety and processed before the courts in Benidorm.

### Get Your Name on a Van

Although it is clearly a marketing stunt that they hope will go viral, it is also a lot of fun. Put your name, your friend´s name, in fact any message you like on the side of a van that´s driven around a test track by a crazy person!!! We had to join in though ;)


Vauxhall has launched the world’s fastest (and free) signwriting service for its multi-award-winning New Vivaro and anyone can put their name or slogan on the side.

The British-built vans with superfast signwriting will all be rigorously ‘tested’ by stunt driver Paul Swift in Vauxhall’s Luton van plant, undertaking J-turns, extreme handling tests and even driving on two wheels.

Businesses and individuals can put their name or slogan on a Vivaro and see it put through its paces at:yourvivaro.vauxhallfleet.co.uk. They can then use the video as part of their own marketing activities.

The Vivaro Sportive L1 H1 Panel Van 2900 with Vauxhall’s new 1.6CDTi 120PS BiTurbo engine featuring ecoFLEX technology and Stop/Start is available from just £188 per month plus an initial payment of £2,256.

The Vivaro took Best Medium Van honours at What Van? Awards just months after it was launched in 2014.
You can click HERE for our video, oh and PLEASE do not try this at home.

### Guiding Light: Eye-Tracking Technology from Opel/Vauxhall

Car headlamp beams that are directed by the driver’s eyes? What may still sound like science fiction fantasy in the United Nations’ International Year of Light is not all that far away from reality. Engineers at Opel/Vauxhall are already busy developing automotive lighting for the day after tomorrow: with its eye-tracking technology, Opel/Vauxhall presents the future of situation-appropriate lighting and once again takes on a pioneering role in lighting technology. This announces a third generation of automotive adaptive lighting, that will be introduced after the current, widely-praised and multi-award-winning AFL+ bi-xenon system featuring up to 10 lighting functions available in most Opel/Vauxhall models, and Opel/Vauxhall’s LED matrix light that will soon go into series production.



“We’ve been pursuing this concept of controlling the direction and intensity of light based on where the driver is looking for around two years. The more we understand the benefits of this technology, the more intensively we push ahead with our joint project,” says Ingolf Schneider, Director Lighting Technology at Opel, describing the collaboration between Opel/Vauxhall’s International Technical Development Center and the Technical University of Darmstadt.

In contrast to high-performance eye-tracking systems requiring five to 10 cameras, a simple webcam was at first used. Focused on the driver’s head, it scanned prominent points, such as the nose and eyes, to detect movement and thereby the driver’s line of sight.



The system then translated the information gathered into data commands for electronically-controlled actuators, which quickly aligned the vehicle’s headlamp projectors. While this technique came very close to achieving eye-control of the headlamps, calculation of data still took too long and the recording rate of the webcam was also too slow to meet the demanding requirements of road traffic conditions.



Fast reaction and intelligent delay

Optimization of the camera’s operating parameters and the adaptation of the eye-tracking algorithm brought the breakthrough. The camera is now equipped with peripheral infra-red sensors and central photo-diodes which together enable it to scan the driver’s eyes more than 50 times per second in dusk and night-time conditions. And with much faster data processing and transmission, the headlamp actuators react instantaneously to make both horizontal and vertical adjustments.

Only one problem remained. In practice, a driver’s eyes very naturally and unconsciously jump from one focal point to another. So if the headlamps were allowed to follow this movement precisely, the vehicle’s light cone would jerk around erratically. “To overcome this problem, we have successfully developed a sophisticated delay algorithm which ensures a suitably flowing movement for the light cone,” says Schneider. “Another major benefit is that the eye-tracker doesn’t have to be individually calibrated for a particular driver. The system works perfectly with anyone behind the wheel, no matter what their size.” Even if the driver is momentarily distracted from looking at the road ahead, lighting is always provided in the direction of travel. That’s because the low beam of the headlamps is programmed to ensure sufficient illumination.

Modern safety lighting already widely accessible today: AFL+ from Opel/Vauxhall

Even as Opel/Vauxhall is developing eye-tracking as the lighting system of the future, it already provides advanced technologies which ensure optimal night vision and highest driving safety on roads today. Opel/Vauxhall has brought a break-through in automotive lighting in offering the current generation of AFL+ in a wide range of models, from the Mokka, Cascada and Zafira Tourer to the Astra and Insignia families, thus once again delivering on the company’s ambition of making premium technologies available to a wider audience. In combination with the Opel/Vauxhall Eye front camera, it features up to 10 lighting functions, using xenon headlamp beams which automatically adapt to a diverse range of driving situations. For different road and weather conditions, variable light distribution is automatically provided as appropriate for pedestrian areas, city driving, country roads, highways and adverse weather. AFL+ also includes functions such as dynamic curve light, cornering light and the use of energy-saving LED daytime running lights. The direction and intensity of the light beam is adjusted according to both steering angle and vehicle speed. In addition, high beam light assistant switches the headlamps to low beam whenever the forward-facing Opel/Vauxhall Eye camera, integrated in the interior mirror mounting, detects the proximity of headlamps or tail-lights of other vehicles. A Light and Visibility Pack also includes automatic low beam lighting, together with tunnel recognition. With this array of automatic lighting functions, AFL+ not only improves the visibility of one’s own vehicle but also reduces driver stress and night-time drowsiness.

Bright as day: The LED matrix light system

Parallel to refining the proven AFL+ and conducting the development of the future eye-tracking lighting generation, engineers at Opel/Vauxhall’s International Technical Development Center in Rüsselsheim are currently completing the final validation tests on their next-generation lighting system for upcoming Opel/Vauxhall vehicles. LED matrix light provides glare-free, high beam lighting, which is automatically and constantly adapted for varying traffic situations. In this way, the LED matrix light functions with the Opel/Vauxhall Eye front camera, but its accuracy and adaptive capacity go one step forward. When light sources are detected from oncoming or preceding traffic, individual LEDs in the relevant zone are deactivated, while the rest of the road remains brightly illuminated. This Opel/Vauxhall automotive lighting system turns night into day for drivers without dazzling other road users. It will be introduced within the next 18 months.

### Thousands of Adults and Hundreds of Children Found at Risk in One Week

In the latest campaign to ensure vehicle occupants use seatbelts and child restraints, over 5,000 adults were fined for not wearing their seatbelt. In addition, a staggering 287 children under 12 were found travelling without any kind of restraint, 70 of whom were in the front seat, 217 in the rear.



During the week long campaign, a total of 416,917 vehicles were checked, with both ground and airborne officers from the Guardia Civil, assisted by the local police, ensuring that the message of the importance of wearing a seatbelt was being heard and acted upon.

According to the DGT, 41% of people killed in traffic accidents on urban roads lose their lives as a result of not wearing a seatbelt and that by wearing a seatbelt you reduce the risk of death by a half in the front seat, and by a quarter in the rear.

The use of the seatbelt, properly fastened, is mandatory for the driver and all passengers in a car. All vehicle occupants must wear a seatbelt, whether sat in the front or the rear.

There are six exemptions when drivers do not always have to wear a seatbelt, but these exceptions should be considered as exceptional circumstances and not the norm. The exemptions should not be used as a reason for not wearing the seatbelt, as you will still be at increased risk, but there are circumstances when it is permissible, including whilst carrying out a reversing manoeuvre or parking, with certified medical exemption, taxi drivers on duty, multi-drop drivers delivering goods at locations within walking distance of each other, emergency services and persons accompanying student drivers in certain circumstances.

Children under 12 years of age are not allowed to travel in the front seat, unless using a properly fitted and approved restraint, with the only exception being when the child's height is equal to or greater than 135 centimetres, in which case they can use the normal seatbelt.

In the rear seats, people whose height does not reach 135 centimetres must use a properly fitted child restraint system suitable for their height and weight. People whose height is equal to or greater than 135 centimetres and no greater than 150 centimetres, may either use a child restraint system suitable for their height and weight or the fitted seatbelt.

According to the DGT, 70% of children in cars are not properly protected. The correct use of child restraints helps reduce the injuries from an accident by 75%. Incredibly, nine out of ten children in serious or fatal crashes were not using child restraints correctly.

In the first two months of this year, of the 109 vehicle occupants killed, 21 of them were not using a seat belt, 2 of them were under 12. Statistically, if those 21 occupants had been wearing a seatbelt, 10 of them would still be alive today to tell the tale.

The DGT would also like to remind adults that they should lead by example, since children tend to imitate what adults do, so if a child sees a parent or grandparent put the seat belt on when in the car, there is a highly possibility that safer practices would become habitual and the number of deaths reduced.

 

### The UK Celebrates 80 years of 30

The 18th of March is a significant date in road safety terms in the UK, as on that date, in 1935, 80 years ago, the 30 miles per hour speed limit was introduced in a bid to make the roads a safer place.



However, many road safety campaigners still feel that not enough is being done to control the speed of vehicles, especially on lower speed roads, as the maximum speed limit is reduced in order to provide additional safety to more vulnerable road users, and as countless drivers frequently ignore the limits, road users are still at risk of serious injury and death.

Road safety and breakdown organisation GEM Motoring Assist is a company that has joined the campaign calling for drivers across the country to give an extra thought to safety on their journeys. David Williams MBE, chief executive, said: “Speed limits are there to help keep all road users safe, and official figures from the Department of Transport show that with every 1mph reduction in average speeds on a road, there is a 6% reduction in collisions.

“We know that there has been great progress made in the fields of technology and engineering, giving better protection to vehicle occupants, pedestrians and cyclists in the event of a collision. However, today we want to put the human factor at the heart of the debate, because we believe improving driver behaviour - to achieve much higher levels of compliance with speed limits - is key to ensuring further reductions in deaths and serious injuries on our roads.”

A 30mph speed limit for built-up areas formed part of the Road Traffic Act 1934, introduced by the Minister of Transport, Leslie Hore-Belisha. The move followed a spate of deaths following the repeal of a blanket 20mph speed limit for light vehicles in 1930. The new limit was implemented on 18 March 1935.

GEM has produced a set of easy-to-follow tips that will help prevent a driver exceeding speed limits:

Make regular checks of your speedometer. Frequent glances allow you to make minor corrections if you’re drifting above the limit.

Look for lamp posts. If there are lamp posts along the road, then the limit will be 30mph unless there are signs to tell you otherwise.

Try driving along in third gear in a 30mph limit. If you start going faster, the increased engine noise will be more obvious.

Be observant. Look as far down the road ahead as you can, and you’ll pick up clues that you might be approaching a lower speed limit.

Leave earlier. People who are late are more prone to exceed the speed limit, so take the pressure off yourself and allow plenty of time for a journey.

No one can tell you to break the speed limit. If you feel pressurised by faster drivers close behind you, then slow down and let them overtake.

Of course the same advice is relevant wherever you might be, and whatever speed limit the road might have. Speed limits are there for a reason, and aim to try to make roads safer, but the onus is on the drivers to slow down and keep themselves, their passengers and other road users safer on the roads.

### UK Driving licence changes

Updates and advice to motorists on abolition of the counterpart to the photocard driving licence.

Driving licence photocard and counterpart

From 8 June 2015, the paper counterpart to the photocard driving licence will not be valid and will no longer be issued by DVLA. The counterpart was introduced to display driving licence details that could not be included on the photocard. These details include some vehicle categories you are entitled to drive and any endorsement/penalty points.

Please note, this does not affect photocard licences issued by DVA in Northern Ireland.

What this means for you

Customers with existing paper counterparts



If you already hold a paper counterpart, after 8 June 2015 it will no longer have any legal status. You should destroy your paper counterpart after this date but you still need to keep your current photocard driving licence.

Customers with paper driving licences



Paper driving licence 

Paper driving licences issued before the photocard was introduced in 1998 will remain valid and should not be destroyed.

If you need to update your name, address or renew your licence, you will be issued with a photocard only.

Penalty points (endorsements)

From 8 June 2015 penalty points (endorsements) will no longer be shown on driving licence. This information will be held on DVLA’s driver record, and can be checked online, by phone or post.

How to check your driving licence details

Our free View Driving Licence service lets you see what details are on your licence, including what vehicles you can drive and any penalty points you may have.

Confirming your driving record to an employer or when hiring a vehicle

After 8 June 2015 if you are hiring a vehicle or you drive for a living and you are asked to provide evidence of your driving record (entitlements and/or penalty points), you will be able to do this online for free by accessing our Share Driving Licence service. This service is currently in development but will be available before the counterpart is abolished. The service should be used by both paper and photocard driving licence holders and will also allow you to download a summary of your licence record which can be printed or shared.

Alternatively you can call DVLA and leave permission for your driving record to be checked verbally by a nominated person/organisation.

Organisations and businesses that check the driving licence counterpart

If you rely on the counterpart to check the driving record of customers or employees then the free online Share Driving Licence service will be available before the counterpart is abolished.

This new service will be offered in addition to the existing services, but is designed for those who have a business need for real-time access to the information, and may not wish to call DVLA or be in a position to use an intermediary.

Driving licence information via Share Driving Licence will only be made available with the consent of the driving licence holder.

DVLA stakeholders and commercial customers can keep up to date with developments of these services by following our blog on GOV.UK.

Why is the counterpart being abolished?

The decision to abolish the counterpart was as a result of the government’s Red Tape Challenge consultation on road transportation. It also aligns to DVLA’s Strategic Plan which includes commitment to simplifying our services.

### UK - Put Traffic Police Back on the Streets Plea

GEM survey shows most people see a properly functioning traffic police service as the most effective way to reduce road deaths and serious injuries
	Fewer than 10% of people trust politicians to treat road casualty reduction as a priority



Road safety and breakdown organisation GEM Motoring Assist is urging the government to reverse the decline in traffic police numbers. The call follows a new survey of GEM members, in which 94% of respondents believed road casualty numbers would continue to rise, because they did not trust the government to treat the issue as a priority.

The most recent figures from the Department for Transport show that in the year ending September 2014, 1,730 people were killed on UK roads, a rise from 1,711 the previous year. Figures released earlier this year showed a 23% fall in traffic police numbers in England and Wales in 2013, compared with 2010.

Asked which single road safety measure would be most effective in reducing casualties, 66% chose a properly funded traffic police service, compared with 18% who opted for a graduated driving licence scheme for new drivers, 8% who suggested a reduction in the drink-drive limit and 5% who called for annual eyesight testing for all drivers.

Only 3% of respondents believed an increase in automatic enforcement was the single most effective answer. Additionally, just 8% said we could rely on automated enforcement to replace the physical police presence on our roads.

Nearly 80% of members accept there is a link between visible road policing enforcement and an increase in road casualties, while nearly 90% admit to being either ‘slightly concerned’ (25%) or ‘very concerned’ (64%) at the reduction in roads policing.

GEM chief executive David Williams said: “It’s highly unlikely that anyone will establish a precise provable link between the decline in traffic police numbers and the increase in casualties. But as long as roads policing resources are allowed to dwindle, we can expect casualty numbers to rise further. This is an unacceptable situation, which we believe should be dealt with as a top government priority, right now.”

About the survey:

GEM polled its members in the first week of March 2015. A total of 602 members completed the survey.

Follow GEM on Twitter @MotoringAssist for the latest industry news.

### Busy Weekend Expected on the Roads

The next few days are expected to be particularly busy on Spanish roads, as many inland residents head to the coastal and mountainous zones for a short break to celebrate San José, also known as Father´s Day.



As the day falls on a Thursday this year, it is likely to lead to an extended holiday weekend for many who choose to take the Friday off as well. As a result, between Wednesday 18 March, and Sunday 22 March, there will be an anticipated 5 million road journeys, an increase of 8.5% more than usual.

In Valencia, Madrid, Murcia and Navarre, the “special operation” monitoring traffic flow will take place from 15:00 on Wednesday, 18 March, until 24:00 on Sunday, 22 March.

In the Community of Galicia, it will take place from 15:00 on Thursday, 19 March until 24:00 on Sunday, 22 March.

In the rest of the regions, the operation will be from 15:00 on Friday, 20 March, until 24:00 on Sunday, 22 March.

In order to ease congestion, many of the scheduled road works will be suspended, there will be restrictions on heavy goods at certain times, and special lanes will be created to provide more access routes in problematic areas.

As always, the advice is to plan your routes in advance, trying to avoid the busiest times, which are likely to be heading from inland areas to the coast and mountains at the start of the operation, then returning home after the weekend.

Allow plenty of time for your journey, including scheduling plenty of rest stops, and monitoring the weather conditions for your route.

The traffic conditions can be checked on the DGT website, but here are a list of the main routes expected to be busy during the period.

COMUNIDAD VALENCIANA:

Carreteras: A-3, A-7, AP-7 y CV-35.

GALICIA:

Carreteras: A-6, AP-9, A-52, A-55, N-550 y N-634.

MADRID:

Carreteras: A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, AP-6 y M-40.

MURCIA:

Carreteras: A-7, A-30, A-91 y RM-332.

NAVARRA:

Carreteras: AP-68, A-1, A-12, A-15, N-121 A y N-240.

Full details of the operation are available on the special page of the DGT website http://www.dgt.es/es/el-trafico/recomendaciones/operacion-especial/index.shtml.

### New Equipment for Environmental Police

The Government of Cantabria has presented 30,000 euro worth of new equipment, including motorbikes, to the environmental protection squad of the Guardia Civil, SEPRONA, the Servicio de Protección de la Naturaleza. The aim of the investment is to optimise the functions of the group, especially in carrying out surveillance duties.



They have received two new motorbikes, cameras, “intervention” backpacks, nine microchip readers, forest fire detection equipment, torches, pocket knives and more.



The Minister of the Environment, Javier Fernández, presided over a ceremony to hand over the equipment to the head of the Command, Juan Airas.



Fernández noted that “every euro invested in this body is a tremendously profitable socially euro” and alluded to the “long history” of collaboration between the two institutions.



SEPRONA in Cantabria operate nine patrols with 35 officers dedicated to environmental protection. Last year, the team carried out 3,284 environmental actions, of which 3,261 were derived in administrative offenses and the rest processed as criminal acts.

The majority of administrative offences, 1,167 of the total, were related to fishing, 700 were in connection with waste and landfill, 243 offences against animal health and disease, and 165 offences were related to domestic pets.

Although a Royal Decree of 1876 ensured the policing of rural and environmental activities in Spain, it was in 1988 that the specialist arm of SEPRONA was created, with a constitutional mandate to guarantee the right of citizens to enjoy the environment with a suitable response and the duty to preserve it.

SEPRONA assume the responsibility for the protection of soil, water and atmosphere, animal health and conservation of flora and fauna. The Service also fights waste and environmental pollution, illegal trade in protected species, hunting, and fishing irregularities, protection of natural spaces, prevention, research and fire fighting.

 

### Major Campaign Launched to Clamp Down on Bad Drivers

The DGT has launched another campaign against speeding motorists, looking particularly at conventional roads, and for habitual offenders.



As a result, the Guardia Civil will be stepping up surveillance on main roads, with an increase in checkpoints, speed checks and with Pegasus watching from the air.

According to data released by the DGT, during the months of January and February this year, 147 people lost their lives in traffic accidents on conventional roads, out of a total of 166 deaths. Reducing incidents on this type of road is therefore a priority for the DGT.

When they first held such a comprehensive campaign, the Plan Integral de vigilancia, which was in December of last year, 104,561 complaints were processed and 62,457 drivers were reported for speeding, with another 1,284 drivers reported for other offences.

During the campaign, speed, alcohol and drugs, as being riskier behaviour, will all be monitored, and in combination, and so a driver who is detected committing an offense of speeding will be stopped and identified, and then, if considered necessary, tested for alcohol and drugs, as well as a comprehensive review of documentation to check that both driver´s license, ITV and vehicle insurance are all in order. At the same time, the vehicle will also be checked over to ensure that maintenance is correct and there are no anomalies that could also be reported as an offence. In other words, a driver who is stopped for speeding will not only face the immediate consequences of that action, with a fine and points, the driver and vehicle will also undergo a thorough, and time consuming check to ensure there are no other matters that can be dealt with by the law enforcers.

It is also worth remembering that a driver detected speeding can be punished with a fine from 100 to 600 euro and the loss of between 2 and 6 points. If the driver has consumed alcohol in excess of the permitted maximum limit there is a 500 euro fine and the loss of 4 points, remembering that the fine is 1,000 euro if recurrent. Driving having consumed drugs, which may well be prescription medication in some cases remember, will see a fine of 1,000 euro and the loss of 6 points. But these fines are just the start of it, the lower end of the scale, because if the offences are of a more significant degree, they can be dealt with under the penal code and deemed to be crimes against road safety under the criminal code, with imprisonment and denial of permission to drive.

During the course of the campaign, there will be 1,800 traffic patrol officers on duty specifically looking for these issues, supported by the 12 helicopters of the DGT, including the six equipped with the Pegasus airborne radar equipment.

Reckless driving, inappropriate overtaking, distractions whilst driving, using the mobile phone, and of course speeding, are all what the eyes of the law will be looking out for during this campaign.

### Helicopters - Who Is the Eye in the Sky?

We have already published an article about Pegasus, the airborne radar speed detectors, and we have much more to say about that in the future, but Pegasus is not the only eye in the sky that is looking down on us.



In fact, Pegasus is the name given to the equipment which monitors speed from the air, and is carried on a helicopter which is operated by the DGT. But not all of their helicopters have Pegasus installed. In fact, at the moment, only 5 are fitted with radar. You can spot the DGT helicopters, but not necessarily the ones with radar, by their distinctive yellow and blue colourings.



Which brings us back to the point of this article, to explain that not all the helicopters which are used for police functions are “out to get you”, some are out to save you, real angels of the air who risk their lives on a daily basis, to ensure the safety and security of the entire country, not just the roads.



The helicopters we are talking about now are those operated directly by the Guardia Civil. Unlike the yellow and blue aircraft of the DGT, the Guardia Civil helicopters carry the same colourings as their land vehicles, the dark green and white combination that we see on the roads every day.



First established in 1973, the helicopter service of the corps has been an invaluable resource operating primarily in rescue missions, surveillance, security and transportation, as well as providing support to officers on the ground in a variety of crime fighting, investigation and other policing roles.



The Servicio Aéreo de la Guardia Civil operates from a central location, and has bases across the country, including the regions of Valencia and Murcia, and even has two detachments in Mauritania.



They use three different types of helicopters depending on the roles and routine operations, the BO-105, BK-117 and the EC-135. In addition to the helicopters, the corps also fly CN-235 planes.



From mountain climbers plucked off a hillside and saved from danger, to seriously injured motorists rescued from the roadside, these helicopters have directly saved the lives of countless people. As is always the case in such a high risk role, there have also been numerous officers who have lost their lives whilst carrying out their duties to preserve the lives of others.



Flying high over crime scenes, following fugitives, catching drug smugglers and spotting risks at sea, or just assessing the area for potential risks to life, limb or criminal activities, the men and women of the airborne service dedicate their lives to keeping us safe from the air, and although Pegasus is also responsible for safety and saving lives, statistically five times more successful than conventional ground based radars, the Guardia Civil helicopters are a different breed altogether, the eye in the sky who is also the watching angel.

### V-13 - The Green L-Plate

A common question that often emerges when driving in Spain relates to signs, both on the roadside, and on vehicles.

One such sign which is frequently seen is a green-backed L-plate, which is indicative of a novice driver, although now qualified, and is designed to advise other road users of that fact.



Officially known as the V-13, the L-plate must be displayed on the vehicle for a year after obtaining their permit to drive. There are one or two exceptions, but for the purpose of this article we are discussing why it would be displayed.

The laws regarding the V-13 state that the “L” plate must be displayed on the left rear side of the vehicle, in a conspicuous place, except on motorcycles, vehicles for disabled persons and tricycles, where there are allowances for the location, other than it must be on the rear of the vehicle.

Previously restricted to a slower speed than other drivers, a change in the law in 2011 meant that this no longer applied, and that vehicles displaying the sign can travel at the same speed as other road users, subject to obvious restrictions.

One element which is more restrictive for novice drivers is alcohol. We already know that the alcohol limit in Spain is considerably lower than the UK at 0.25 milligrams per litre, but for novice drivers, the limit is 0.15 milligrams of alcohol per litre of exhaled air.

The other restriction relates to traffic violations, whereas a novice driver is given 8 points instead of 12 for fully experienced motorist, which are deducted should the driver be found guilty of offences relating to road traffic laws.

The overall aim of the sign is to serve as a warning to other drivers that the person in charge of this particular vehicle is a novice, and has still to build on the experiences that a future behind the wheel will bring. Caution, patience and understanding are all that is requested by those who have gained the knowledge, as well as allowing more distance and time for the driver to carry out the moves that may seem second nature to others.

Finally, in the event that a novice driver chooses not to display the mandatory sign, then the prospect of a fine is waiting for you, should you get caught out.

### Vehicles - Can You See the ITV?

An often confusing aspect for drivers in Spain is the appearance of a coloured rectangle on the windscreen of cars. That sticker corresponds to the Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, or ITV for short, which displays that fact that the vehicle has passed a periodic and mandatory test of roadworthiness.



There are 3 colours for the ITV sticker, and each colour means when the ITV expires, if you have a sticker coloured;

Yellow (Your ITV expires in 2014), Red (Your ITV expires in 2015), Green (Your ITV expires in 2016), which then rotate once again through the three colours, so Yellow in 2017, Red in 2018, Green in 2019, etc.

You can check that in your sticker, there is a small hole, which informs you the month when your ITV expires.

Do I have to display the sticker in my vehicle?

Yes, of course. The sticker is placed on the windscreen of cars and is regulated by Royal Decree, which states that “vehicles that have favourably passed the periodic test shall display in a conspicuous place a distinctive, which date indicate they must pass the next inspection”.

Anybody who has been for one of these inspections will known that it is much like the equivalent of the M.O.T. in the U.K., albeit with different qualifying criteria, but on passing the test the vehicle´s documents are updated, and the sticker given to be displayed on the windscreen.

Where do I have to display the sticker?

As for where the sticker is displayed, that too is dictated by law, and it Is mandatory to place it in the upper right corner of the windscreen as you are looking out, affixed to the inside, so that the sticker can be clearly observed from the outside of the vehicle, where it will subsequently be displayed in the upper left hand side.

Can I have several ITV stickers on my windscreen?

A common question relating to this sticker is whether old ones have to remain as time goes by. The simple answer being that as the sticker is used to indicate the date of the next required test, then the answer has to be “NO”, only the current and valid sticker should be present.

There is a fine for not displaying the sticker correctly, but simply ensuring the sticker is in the right place, and valid, can avoid a lot of undue hassle during routine vehicle checks.

“The ITV sticker informs the police that your ITV is ok, so if you do not display the sticker you could be stopped to check if your vehicle has a valid certificate”.

### Two Fatalities on the Roads This Weekend

Two people have lost their lives on Spanish roads this weekend, in the provisional count between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday.

The first fatal incident occurred on Friday afternoon in the León town of Bustillo del Páramo, when a car and a truck were involved in a collision. The initial investigation suggests that distraction may have been the cause in the crash which resulted in an 81 year old driver crashing into the rear of the truck.



On Sunday, a 17 year old motorcyclist was killed and a 16 year old injured when their motorcycle collided with a car at around 02:20 in the morning in the Alicante town of Novelda.

The 17 year old died in hospital whereas the 16 year old was still being treated later on Sunday having been described as being in a serious condition having suffered a head injury.

 

 

### Parking Restrictions in Orihuela

Orihuela Local Police would like to advise anybody visiting the city that parking restrictions will be in force this week whilst new road markings are painted.



You should avoid the most problematic areas during the week, as parking spaces will be at a premium, but there are ample parking places in the main car parks.

The restrictions will take place on these days and locations:

Monday 16 March

C/ S. Gregorio.Avd. Duque Tamames (desde C/ Luis Barcala hasta C/ José Ávila).

C/ Obispo Rocamora.

Tuesday 17 March

Plaza S. Sebastián.

C/ Aragón.

Avda. Duque de Tamames (Desde conservatorio hasta C/ Luis Barcala).

Avda. Teodomiro (Desde Avda. de España hasta rotonda).

Wednesday 18 March

C/ Loaces.

C/ Calderón de La Barca.

C/ San Pascual.

C/ San Agustín.

Friday 20 March

Avda. Teodomiro (desde Duque de Tamames hasta estación).

C/ Valencia.

C/ Limón.

Monday 23 March

C/ Pintor Agrasot.

C/ Ballesteros Villanueva.

C/ Adolfo Clavarana.

Plaza Dr. Jaime Sánchez.

C/ Sta. Lucia, Plaza Sta. Lucia.

Travesía Soleres.

In addition, as the annual St Patrick´s Day parade takes place on the Orihuela Costa on Tuesday 17 March, there will be parking restrictions in force in the Cabo Roig area

### Fraudster Warning from Thames Valley Police

Thames Valley Police is warning motorists to be aware of a fraud taking place in their area, which served as a warning to all of us, wherever we are, to be aware of our surroundings and conscious of potential fraudulent activity that might be taking place.


Thames Valley Police is warning motorists to be aware of a fraud offence in which offenders stop motorists with the aim of obtaining money.

A total of 26 incidents were reported to police over five days on motorways in the Force area.

In each of the incidents motorists were indicated to stop by people waving or trying to flag them down who subsequently requested money.

Insp Colin Clark, from the Joint Operations Unit for Roads Policing, said: “In some of these cases the men stopping motorists were well-dressed and wearing suits. Some stated that a relative had died or that they had run out of petrol and needed money.

“In many cases gold-coloured rings were offered by the offenders as a surety but these transpired to not actually be gold and to be practically worthless.

“The offenders were often parked in areas which put themselves and other road users at risk.

“Thames Valley Police takes all reports seriously and takes appropriate action against anyone found to be offending.”

*Seven reports of incidents taking place were received on 31 January – two on the M25/M4 junction, one at M4 J7, three on the M40 at J5 and J6 and J10 and one on the A329M at Woodley.

*Five incidents were reported on 1 February - two took place on the M25/M4 junction, one at the M40/M25 junction, one on the M25 J16 to 15, and a further one on the M4 at J7.

*Two incidents were reported on 2 February – one on the M4/M25 junction and a further one on the M4 J5.

*Five incidents were reported on 3 February – two on the M4, one between J6 to J7 and another between J7 to J8/9, two on the M40, one at the junction of the M40 and M25 and at J5, and another incident on the M25 J15 to J16.

*Seven incidents were reported on 4 February - five on the M4 at J4B to J5, at J5, at J12 and J13 and two one the junction where the M40 meets the M25.

If you have any information about these incidents or similar incidents please call the 24-hour Thames Valley Police enquiry centre on 101.

If you do not want to speak directly to the police you can contact the independent charity Crimestoppers (opens new window) anonymously on 0800 555 111. No personal details are taken, information is not traced or recorded and you will not go to court.

Join us on Thames Valley Alert (opens new window) to receive local crime and safety messages.

### Global Road Safety Week Campaign Launched

Every day, more than 500 children lose their lives and thousands are injured in traffic crashes globally.



This year, the UN Global Road Safety Week 2015 (GRSW,) which takes place between the 4th and 10th of May, has been officially launched with a giant “safie” to show support for the #SaveKidsLives campaign.

Using the power of social media, “Safies” will form part of the campaign, with professionals, campaigners and members of the public around the world having their pictures taken while displaying their personal road safety messages, with the hashtag #safie.

You can download the pre-written sign from the official website, savekidslives2015.org, where there is also a wealth of information available about the campaign and the aims, and the opportunity to sign up and pledge your support by signing the Declaration you are helping to:

	call for action to stop the growing number of road deaths worldwide
	ask decision makers to save kids’ lives by putting road safety in place
	support the movement for road safety led by children around the world

This Declaration is a call for action to mark UN Global Road Safety Week in May 2015. It also urges world leaders to include a target to halve road traffic fatalities globally in the Post-2015 Development Goals, so that kids everywhere can be kept safe.



In the UK, a comprehensive programme of activities and resources is being prepared by an alliance of road safety organisations, headed by Road Safety GB and including RoSPA.

The UK campaign includes a database of countrywide road safety practitioners who will link with colleagues in other countries to share expertise and experience, while a series of resources for pupils here and overseas will be made available free to download.

A series of seminars and forums will also take place during the week for practitioners across the world to interact with each other, and basic road safety information covering children as pedestrians, cyclists, public transport and travelling in cars will be distributed.

Kevin Clinton, RoSPA’s head of road safety, said: “Pedestrian safety is most associated with educating children, but with a public health emphasis on increasing walking, coupled with the distraction of technology and increasingly busy lives, helping adults is also an area that needs much thought. It’s important that we don’t lose sight of the needs of pedestrians.

“This is just one of the reasons why RoSPA is proud to be involved in UK GRSW. We want to protect children and adults around the world from the dangers of the road.”

### Classic Cars on Spanish Roads

A number of classic car owners and associations have asked about the laws that refer specifically to this type of vehicle and what provisions the drivers must make when driving on Spanish roads.



Royal Decree 1247/1995, deals with the reglamento de vehículos históricos, rules for historic vehicles, or classic cars, under article 10 of the Normas de circulación.

First and foremost, unless rules are specifically in place for this type of vehicle, classic cars are governed by the same laws and rules as normal vehicles, including the requirement of liability insurance.

The rules relating to the technical inspection and registration are also applicable, as per normal vehicles. The period of the technical inspection also remains the same, unless otherwise indicated in the official report.

Those vehicles which, on account of their age or constructive characteristics, do not have lights or indicators as are normally required by law, they are not allowed to travel between sunset and sunrise, or in circumstances which would normally require the use of these lights and indicators.

Historic vehicles that are not able to exceed the speed of 40 kilometres per hour should drive on the shoulder, if practicable and it is sufficient, or, alternatively, as close as possible to the right outside edge of the roadway, except when overtaking or turning left, manoeuvres which may force other drivers to abruptly change the direction or speed of their vehicles. Historic vehicles are not allowed on the motorway if they are unable to reach a speed of at least 60 kilometres per hour.

The Dirección General de Tráfico also reserves the right to prohibit classic cars on certain dates and routes, if they are not able to exceed the speed of 80 kilometres per hour.

As for situation when classic cars can travel on the roads as a group, Annex II of the Reglamento General de Circulación, article 32 of section 3 details Participación de vehículos históricos and refers to the question of group activities.

Vehicles categorised as classic cars under Royal Decree 1247/1995, or over 25 years old and in numbers greater than 10, and with a speed of less than 50 kilometres per hour on average, as well as participating in events or demonstrations, rallies, competitions or, in general, any kind of event in which there is established classification on the basis of vehicle movement, either in terms of speed or regularity, will require administrative authorisation.



Here are the relevant regulations referred to in this article.

Real Decreto 1247/1995, de 14 de julio, por el que se aprueba el reglamento de vehículos históricos.

Artículo 10 Normas de circulación

	En lo no previsto específicamente, serán de aplicación a los vehículos históricos las normas que regulan la circulación de los vehículos en general y, en consecuencia, también la exigencia de estar provistos del certificado del seguro de responsabilidad civil de suscripción obligatoria.
	En todo caso, deberán cumplirse las limitaciones que figuren en su tarjeta de inspección técnica y permiso de circulación.
	La inspección técnica periódica de los vehículos matriculados como históricos se efectuará con la frecuencia que señale el régimen general de inspección técnica de vehículos, salvo que el laboratorio oficial en su informe indique otra periodicidad.
	Aquellos vehículos que, por su antigüedad o características constructivas, no dispongan de los sistemas de alumbrado y señalización óptica exigidos por la legislación sobre tráfico, circulación de vehículos a motor y seguridad vial, no podrán circular entre la puesta y la salida del sol, ni en circunstancias que hagan necesario el empleo de tales sistemas.
	Los vehículos históricos que no sean capaces de superar la velocidad de 40 kilómetros/hora circularán por el arcén, si fuera practicable y suficiente, o, en su defecto, lo más próximo posible al borde exterior derecho de la calzada, excepto cuando vayan a efectuar un adelantamiento o un giro a la izquierda, maniobras que únicamente podrán realizar si con ellas no obligan a otros conductores a modificar bruscamente la dirección o la velocidad de sus vehículos. Los vehículos históricos no circularán por autopista ni autovía si no alcanzan, como mínimo, la velocidad de 60 kilómetros/hora.
	Asimismo, mediante resolución de la Dirección General de Tráfico podrá prohibirse, en determinadas fechas y vías, la circulación de los que no sean capaces de superar la velocidad de 80 kilómetros/hora.

Reglamento General de Circulación

ANEXO II

Pruebas deportivas, marchas ciclistas y otros eventos

SECCIÓN 3

OTROS EVENTOS

Artículo 32 Participación de vehículos históricos

Aquellos eventos en que participen vehículos históricos conceptuados como tales de acuerdo con el Real Decreto 1247/1995, de 14 de julio, por el que se aprueba su reglamento regulador, o de más de 25 años de antigüedad en número superior a 10, en los que se establezca una clasificación de velocidad o regularidad inferior a 50 kilómetros por hora de media, así como su participación en acontecimientos o manifestaciones turísticas, concentraciones, concursos de conservación o elegancia y, en general, cualquier clase de evento en los que no se establezca clasificación alguna sobre la base del movimiento de los vehículos, ya sea en función de su velocidad o de la regularidad, precisarán de autorización administrativa.

### Drunk Driver Crashes into Patrol Car

A 28 year old woman has been arrested after driving her car the wrong way on the A-15 motorway, subsequently crashing her vehicle into a Guardia Civil patrol car, and failing a breathalyser test.



At 20:18 on Wednesday night, a member of the public called the emergency services to report a vehicle driving in the wrong direction on the A-15 motorway between Medinaceli and Pamplona.

A Guardia Civil patrol was immediately dispatched and at 20:25 were in position to stop the vehicle, but that car, a blue Land Rover, collided with the patrol car.

The vehicle then became embedded in the crash barrier on the road, as the driver was unhurt in the crash, the officers conducted a breathalyser test on the female driver, identified as C.M.R.G. and a resident of the Gerona town of Tossa de Mar.



The driver gave appositive reading for alcohol, showing a result of 0.91 milligram s alcohol per litre of breath. The officers were not badly injured in the crash.

### Never Leave Your Valuables On Show

Northumbria Police in the UK have issued an appeal for information after a number of cars were broken into in Bedlington.

However, given that they believe that the offenders chose the vehicles that were left unlocked, insecure or with valuables on show, it serves as a warning to all of us to keep our valuables safe and out of sight, and keep our vehicles secure.
Between 9pm on Wednesday, March 11, and 8am on Thursday, March 12, five cars were targeted by thieves in the Hazelmere Estate area.

Enquiries are ongoing to establish what has been taken but police believe the offenders have chosen to steal from vehicles that were left unlocked and insecure.

Officers are in the area carrying out enquiries and are appealing for anyone with any information to contact them.

Neighbourhood Inspector Trevor Oakley said: "Twelve cars were broken into on Sunday night and today we have now had five more reports. There is obviously a thief or thieves operating in Bedlington looking for easy opportunities to get into people's cars.

"We are carrying out enquiries, checking CCTV footage and speaking to local residents and there will be extra officers patrolling the areas where the crimes have happened.

"We need residents to help us by removing all of their valuables from their cars overnight and making sure their car is locked when they park it up.

"If thieves are specifically targeting cars that are unlocked then make sure yours isn't an easy target by locking it when you leave it."

### Parents Forced to Compensate for Stone Throw Death

For the first time in Spain, the Provincial Court of Murcia has condemned the parents of children who threw stones from a bridge onto a road, killing the passenger of a car, and ruled that compensation must be paid by those parents.

In July, 2012, a 59 year old man was killed after being hit by a large stone dropped from a bridge onto the vehicle he was travelling in on the La Manga to Cartagena motorway. The 112 emergency centre received a call from a concerned motorist at 22:38 reporting the presence of a group of children, aged between 10 and 15, on the bridge near the urbanización Los Cármenes, in the Los Belones area, who were seen to be throwing stones at cars on the highway. Nearly a half hour later, at 23:07, they received another call reporting that an object had struck a vehicle and hit one of the occupants of the car.



The blue Renault Clio was hit by a large stone weighing around 15 kilos, which hit the front seat passenger, Gilles Philippe Albanese, a French National who was a former glass cleaner, born in Algeria but now living in La Unión. Having smashed through the windscreen, the rock impacted the man´s chest and it is believed that he died instantly due to the impact. The driver managed to bring the car to a controlled stop on the hard shoulder of the motorway.

A further witness, who was alerted by the noise the impact made, stated that he thought he saw, “three or four kids, aged ten to fifteen years”, fleeing the scene of the bridge. A group of four boys were identified to the police and were said to have been ejected from a community swimming pool earlier. They had then been witnessed by several people throwing stones from the bridge.

The police visited the homes of one of those indicated, a child originally from Murcia who now lives with his parents in Madrid and was on holiday in the area, who then admitted that he was the one who dropped the boulder, identifying two more of his friends, aged 11 and 13.

As the principal offender was identified and was just 13 years of age, he fell below the statutory age of criminal liability, which is 14, and could not be prosecuted for his actions, nor can he face any kind of criminal justice.

Now, in the ruling issued this week, the parents of three children should compensate the family of the deceased man with more than 163,000 euro.

Stone throwing on the roads has become an increasing problem in recent years, but with this ruling clearly stating parental responsibility for the actions of those deemed too young to be prosecuted, the courts hope that the matter will now either start to reduce, or those who share the liability and responsibility will now face the consequences of the actions of those in their care.

### Risks of Crossing in an Inappropriate Place

We are all probably aware of the mixture of road users that modern pathways have to share. Even the most restrictive of roads such as motorways still have vehicles of different size, shape and speed, but one of the characteristics that should always be at the forefront of our mind, whatever type of road we might be on, might be the more vulnerable road users.



A lot of attention has been given to encourage drivers to slow down near areas of high risk, such as near schools, parks or playgrounds, where children may enter the road without thinking, but pedestrians in general pose one of the biggest risks on the roads, not necessarily for the damage they can cause to vehicles, but the damage that vehicles can cause to them.

Although drivers reducing their speed will inevitably lead to fewer incidents, pedestrians themselves must also share some responsibility, as all road users have not only the right to movement, but also the responsibility to safety.

According to a study by the Centro de Estudios Ponle Freno-AXA, 60% of pedestrian collisions on Spain´s roads occur when the pedestrian is crossing in the wrong place. The report released this week analyses data from 2014, also shows how 80% of all pedestrian fatalities are men, and almost half are over the age of 65.

Of those pedestrians who lost their lives on the roads in 2014, 90% are over the age of 30, and 49% of the total are over the age of 65. Just 6% of fatalities are under the age of 15, whereas 4% are between 15 and 29.

Of all road fatalities, a total of 54% occur when crossing in an inappropriate place. However, more than half of the over 65 age group were killed whilst on a crossing, as did 58% of people aged between 30 and 64, and 67% of all children under 15.

In 26% of all cases, the driver was deemed responsible for the incident when the pedestrian was crossing in the correct place, whilst performing revering manoeuvres also resulted in a high number of deaths, 20% of the total.

According to the report, the national average is 1.75 violations per 1,000 insured vehicles, although the Community of Madrid has almost double the national rate, with 3.33 violations per 1,000 vehicles, followed by Murcia with 2.37, and Andalucía with 2.14. By contrast, where pedestrians are safer are Castilla-La Mancha with 0.86 per 1,000), and Aragón and La Rioja with 1.1 in both cases.



Along the N-332 near Torrevieja there have been numerous pedestrian related incidents in the past, some with fatal consequences. In fact, the road planners were forced to build barriers and fencing along most of the revised and widened section, to try to prevent pedestrians from crossing in inappropriate places.

It is also a fact that there are locations along the N-332, and other roads too, where pedestrian bridges are needed but have not been built. Some of these may well be in the planning stage already, others will remain a risk for evermore, but there are also places were bridges have been built, and yet some pedestrians would sooner take their own lives, and the lives of other road users, into their own hands and risk crossing the road without using the bridges.

It is inevitable that some of these pedestrians may well get injured, or worse, and become a hazard to road users who may have to deviate from their course or direction to avoid a collision. Anything which forces a vehicle to “deviate from its course, speed or direction” is defined as being a hazard, and so there is a law which aims to protect all road users, which in turn sometimes leads to action by the law enforcers who are trying to keep the roads safe.



Article 124 of the Reglamento General de Circulación is where the information relating to crossing the road can be found, and the requirements of pedestrians.

In summary, the law dictates that in areas where there are pedestrian crossings, you must use them. If those crossings are protected by signs or signals, you must observe them. If a crossing is controlled by a crossing guard (police officer or otherwise) you must heed the instructions given.

As a pedestrian, you must also be aware of traffic already on the road. Stepping out in front of a vehicle that may be unable to stop is both foolish and does not give the pedestrian an automatic right to cross. You, the pedestrian, are responsible for ensuring you can do so without undue risk.

When you are crossing the road, don´t cross in a diagonal manner, unless the crossing path takes that course, always cross in a manner which is “perpendicularly to the axis”, and do so without causing delay or blocking the path of others.

Finally, you are not allowed to cut across roundabouts or similar structures, but where it is safe and appropriate to do so, if you are crossing at such an intersection, you must follow the path of the structure and go around it.
Artículo 124 Pasos para peatones y cruce de calzadas

En zonas donde existen pasos para peatones, los que se dispongan a atravesar la calzada deberán hacerlo precisamente por ellos, sin que puedan efectuarlo por las proximidades, y cuando tales pasos sean a nivel, se observarán, además, las reglas siguientes:

a) Si el paso dispone de semáforos para peatones, obedecerán sus indicaciones.

b) Si no existiera semáforo para peatones pero la circulación de vehículos estuviera regulada por agente o semáforo, no penetrarán en la calzada mientras la señal del agente o del semáforo permita la circulación de vehículos por ella.

c) En los restantes pasos para peatones señalizados mediante la correspondiente marca vial, aunque tienen preferencia, sólo deben penetrar en la calzada cuando la distancia y la velocidad de los vehículos que se aproximen permitan hacerlo con seguridad.

Para atravesar la calzada fuera de un paso para peatones, deberán cerciorarse de que pueden hacerlo sin riesgo ni entorpecimiento indebido.

Al atravesar la calzada, deben caminar perpendicularmente al eje de ésta, no demorarse ni detenerse en ella sin necesidad y no entorpecer el paso a los demás.

Los peatones no podrán atravesar las plazas y glorietas por su calzada, por lo que deberán rodearlas.

### They do more than you might think

They are often criticised for issuing fines, being nothing more than a government cash machine, far from friendly and just out to catch us out, but it might also be worth considering that the individuals who perform daily duties for the Guardia Civil keep us safe, secure, catch criminals, save lives, and sometimes, lose their own, whilst trying to protect us.



The Dirección General de Tráfico, which is the government department that controls traffic, the roads and the Guardia Civil traffic section, issued a report not too long ago on the activities of their officers and vehicles.

According to the report, in 2011, the year in focus, officers travelled 146 million kilometres on the roads of Spain, all during the course of their duty, they carried out over a million rescue operations on the roads, 4 agents lost their lives and 16 were seriously injured in service.

The team of 10,308 members of the Guardia Civil traffic department attended a total of 1,173,422 calls to assist motorists. The number of officers has increased by 2,000 in the last decade. In 2001, there were 8,346 members of the teams, in 2004 there were 8,639, jumping to 8,808 in 2006, 10,306 in 2009 where the figure has then been maintained. The biggest growth in these figures was under the government of the PSOE, but as there is no obvious way to criticize the previous government, this is a fact that the current Partido Popular would probably not brag about.

The Guardia Civil has a fleet of 6,148 vehicles, 3,316 of which are motorbikes. All vehicle types have increased over the last decade, with the exception of command vehicles, reducing from 116 to 73, and tanks, which reduced from 4 to 3 in 2005, the last one being decommissioned for last year. They have 1,095 light patrol vehicles, such as the smaller, covered scooters, they have 344 unmarked vehicles, plus 253 specifically used for radar speed detection and 415 specifically for alcohol detection. They also have 392 4-wheel drive vehicles and now have 73 mobile command units.



Over the last ten years, 39 officers lost their lives in the execution of their duties, 4 of them in 2011. A total of 298 officers were seriously injured and 2,861 suffered minor injuries. The job is considered to be one of the highest risk professions in Spain, as the daily tasks of the officers always put them in the front line of danger.

Yes, they issue fines, but all fines for traffic offenses goes back into road safety. With perhaps the odd exception, the fines are for offences that have been committed by the driver or road user. They are not there just to issue fines for no reason, but will attempt to enforce the law whenever they can. But one thing you can be sure of, whether you like them or not, the officers of the Guardia Civil will always be there to help you, to rescue you and to save your life, even at the cost of their own. For that alone, they perhaps deserve more respect than they may otherwise lose by the impression that they are officious and petty whilst actually simply doing their job.

### Using Headlights During the Day

What is the rules regarding having your lights on during daytime when driving through road works?
These days we see a lot of cars travelling during the day with their lights on already, but these lights are usually very different to the ones referred to as “headlights”.

Since 2011, all new cars and trucks sold in EU were required to have Daytime Running Lights (DRL) installed, which turn on automatically with the engine, in accordance with a new European directive designed to improve road safety. The rule also became mandatory for trucks and buses from August 2012.

The DRL is a new method of illumination, with low energy consumption, but is not designed to provide additional lighting for the driver, but rather to improve “significantly” the vehicle’s visibility to other road users.

Studies on the use of this lighting show, according to the EU executive, road users including pedestrians and cyclists, more clearly detect vehicles equipped with daytime running lights than those who do not have this device.

However, the question above refers to traditional headlights, which also provide additional illumination for the driver as well as other road users, and the circumstances they must be turned on during the day.

There are certain times and locations when you must turn your lights on during the day, these locations are indicated by a white pictogram of headlights on a blue circle sign. You will see these as you approach tunnels for example.



In addition, during the winter months when the sun is lower and visibility can become problematic as a result, the DGT recommend having headlights on during the day to achieve the same increase of visibility as is achieved through the DRL.

Under normal circumstances however, there is no mandatory requirement to have your headlights on during the day, and that also applies when driving through road works.

Article 104 of the Reglamento General Circulacion, refers to the use of headlights during the day, and explains how you do not have to turn on your lights when there are road repairs on the road, but details the situations when it is compulsory.

All vehicles travelling on a reversible lane, sometimes called a bi-directional lane, which can at times be used by traffic in either direction. These sorts of lanes are common near to city centres, where the flow of traffic can alter to give more space for vehicles in one direction, such as towards the centre of the city at the start of a working day, and then away from the city at the end of the day. Although the accessibility of the lanes will be clearly marked, there is a risk to other road users and so increased illumination is of benefit.



A circumstantial additional lane, such as when a lane is created with a series of cones to avoid an obstruction or to improve the traffic flow in one direction. These “circumstantial” lanes are often created at busy holiday times, allowing the road management to create extra lanes to ease congestion at certain times, such as when many people are expected to leave a city to go on holiday at the coast, for example. They are also often used to bypass an obstruction that may pose a problem for the normal flow of traffic, such as a broken down truck that is disabled and cannot move.



A lane normally used by traffic in the opposite direction, known as a contra-flow. These lanes are frequently used on motorways when traffic is diverted onto a lane on the opposite carriageway for example.



Here is the text from the article that explains this.
REGLAMENTO GENERAL CIRCULACION

Artículo 104 Uso del alumbrado durante el día

 	
b) Todos los vehículos que circulen por un carril reversible, por un carril adicional circunstancial o por un carril habilitado para circular en sentido contrario al normalmente utilizado en la calzada donde se encuentre situado, bien sea un carril que les esté exclusivamente reservado, bien esté abierto excepcionalmente a la circulación en dicho sentido.

### 1968 AUSTIN MINI VAN UP FOR AUCTION

Virtually unused for 47 years, a ‘time warp’ 1968 Austin Mini Van is set to be auctioned at Silverstone Auctions’ Practical Classics Restoration Show Sale on March 28th, at the NEC, Birmingham.



The car, estimated at between £23,000 and £25,000, was first registered on the 14th March 1968. It was bought new for a mere £400 by a Miss G. Crumcott from Northern Ireland so she could learn to drive. Miss Crumcott never managed to pass her driving test however, so the car was kept unused in her garage for nearly 30 years.

The car was then bought in July 1997 by a local BMC Mini dealer, Mr T. Turkington, who placed it in the Mini centre’s showroom until 2006 before selling it onto another collector in Northamptonshire. It has now been brought back onto the market, and, with so few owners, it is no surprise the car has covered a miniscule and very desirable 302 miles.



The charming classic is in remarkable unrestored original condition, right down to the seat protectors and rubber floor mats. Still retaining its original crossply Dunlop tyres and spare wheel, all of which are unused, the motorcar has been so carefully stored it has also preserved its initial exhaust and sealed Lucas battery. The car is also supplied with its original toolbox, which remains unopened; a delightful added extra. All in all, the van is in perfect running order.

Nick Whale, managing director of Silverstone Auctions, said: “We are thrilled to be offering this virtually unused and untouched Austin Mini Van at our sale on March 28th. This rare find is in ‘as new’ condition and is surely an alluring, promising prospect for Mini or other collectors in the market.”

Built on the longer Traveller chassis but without side windows, the Mini Van proved popular in 1960s Britain as a cheaper alternative to the car. It was classed as a commercial vehicle and as such carried no sales tax.



The Austin Mini Van joins nearly 70 other cars on offer in the sale, including a beautifully presented 2001 BMW Z8, a restored 1980 Aston Martin V8 and a 1969 Porsche 912 Restoration Project.

Nick added: “Our sale at the Practical Classics Restoration Show is the perfect place to find your next project or road ready classic car and this very special Mini is sure to attract much interest when it goes under the hammer.”

To find out more about the car and Silverstone Auctions’ sale on March 28th, please visit:https://www.silverstoneauctions.com/1968-austin-mk-2-mini-van.

Notes
Formed in 2011, Silverstone Auctions is a world-class, specialist auction house for the sale of classic cars, modern supercars, all types of competition cars, modern and historic motorcycles as well as automotive memorabilia.

The company holds the exclusive automotive auction rights for Silverstone circuit and host sales as stand-alone events as well as an integrated element of some of Europe's biggest motorsport events such as the Silverstone Classic Festival.

In addition to sales at the circuit, it also host a number of auctions each year at other major classic car events including the NEC Classic Motor Show, Race Retro and Salon Privé.

Useful Links
Silverstone Auctions – www.silverstoneauctions.com

Online Bidder Registration (Proxibid) – www.proxibid.com
Online Bidder Registration (i-bidder.com) – www.i-bidder.com
Online Bidder Registration (liveauctioneers) – www.liveactioneers.com
Twitter – www.twitter.com/SilverstoneAuc  @SilverstoneAuc
Facebook – www.facebook.com/SilverstoneAuctions

### Twelve British Cities Shortlisted for Eco Funding

A dozen cities bidding for a share of a £35 million fund to become centres of excellence for low emission vehicles have been announced by Transport Minister Baroness Kramer and Business Minister Matt Hancock today (11 March 2015).



The Go Ultra Low city scheme will reward cities that demonstrate the most potential to become internationally outstanding examples for the adoption of ultra low emission vehicles (ULEVs) in a local area.

The funding has been announced alongside an additional £30 million to enable local authorities and bus operators to replace existing vehicles with greener, cutting-edge alternatives to help clean up urban air quality.

Transport Minister Baroness Kramer said,

“This funding is an unequivocal signal from government that we are committed to making ultra-low emission vehicles a practical and viable choice for more people.

“Today’s shortlist of 12 Go Ultra Low cities from across the country is an important part of our effort to improve air quality and establish the UK as a global leader in the uptake of ultra-low emission vehicles.

“The additional £30 million investment in low emission buses is also a fantastic opportunity for local authorities who want innovative, cost efficient public transport in their communities.

“This can help to transform people’s quality of life in their cities and build a stronger economy and is an important step towards our 2050 vision, when almost every car and van in the UK will be an ultra-low emission vehicle.”

Business Minister Matthew Hancock said,

“The government is working hand in hand with business to increase the uptake of electric vehicles across the country. This investment will improve local air quality, reduce carbon emissions, and create growth opportunities for firms who develop and manufacture this kind of technology. The bid for the north east where I am today is a real case in point.

“Our 12 strong shortlist containing cities from London to Dundee will now be whittled down to up to 4 to decide who will share £35 million of government funding. Supporting new technologies is a key part of our long-term economic plan.”

The 12 cities and authorities shortlisted for the £35 million Go Ultra Low city scheme are:

	Greater London Authority
	West Yorkshire Combined Authority
	North East Combined Authority
	City of York Council
	West of England
	Dundee City Council
	Sheffield City Council
	Milton Keynes Council
	Department for Regional Development of Northern Ireland
	Oxford City Council
	Nottingham City Council
	Leicester City Council

These shortlisted cities will now be invited to fully develop their proposals over summer and the winners – expected to be 2 to 4 cities – will be announced in the autumn.

The Department for Transport will assess bids for the bus funding against a detailed range of criteria, including potential air quality improvements and value for money.

The scheme builds on the success of the Green Bus fund, which delivered around 1,250 low emission buses onto England’s roads.

The investment forms the latest part of a £500 million package set aside for ULEVs that was announced last year.

Baroness Kramer will visit Wales next week to discuss how the Department for Transport can continue to assist their progress on ULEV uptake, including their ambitions on hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.

The Go Ultra Low campaign aims to increase consumer and fleet uptake of ULEVs. 7 major vehicle manufacturers and the government are backing Go Ultra Low to highlight the increasing variety and benefits of ULEVs.

Comprehensive information about these vehicles is available at GoUltraLow.com.

### Record February Sales for BMW

The BMW Group achieved its best-ever February sales result with 151,952 BMW, MINI and Rolls-Royce brand vehicles delivered worldwide (prev. yr. 141,207/ +7.6%). A record number of 294,112 (prev. yr. 274,113) automobiles have been delivered to customers since the start of the year – an increase of 7.3% compared with the same period last year.



“We’ve had a good start to the year with February setting another sales record,” said Ian Robertson, Member of the Board of Management of BMW AG, Sales and Marketing BMW. “I am confident that our fresh model line-up, including the brand new BMW 2 Series Gran Tourer and the updated BMW 1 Series we’ve just premiered at the Geneva Motor Show, will provide the momentum to keep us growing in 2015,” Robertson added.

The BMW brand enjoyed its best ever February with 131,416 BMW vehicles delivered to customers worldwide, an increase of 5.2% (prev. yr. 124,952). Year-to-date sales rose 5.7% compared with the same period last year, totalling 255,981 (prev. yr. 242,130). Demand for the BMW 2 Series is strong with a total of 7,302 vehicles delivered to customers in February. The 2 Series Active Tourer accounted for most of those sales with 5,360 units of the innovative compact vehicles delivered to customers worldwide in the second month of the year. The larger BMW 2 Series Gran Tourer, which will be the first seven-seater in its segment available with four-wheel drive, is expected to build on the Active Tourer’s success when it comes onto the European market in June. The BMW 4 Series was delivered to a total of 9,636 customers in February while the BMW X4, launched in summer last year, achieved sales of 4,040. The BMW X5 continues to be a strong growth driver for the brand with sales up 46.0% on the same month last year (12,916 / prev. yr. 8,844) and the BMW X6 also saw an increase in sales, up 5.9% to a total of 2,819 (prev. yr. 2,662). Sales of BMW i vehicles totalled 2,165 in February with 1,824 BMW i3s and 341 BMW i8s delivered to customers. In 2014 – its first year on sale - the BMW i3 was the world’s third most popular electric car with around 16,000 units sold.

Following the model change last year, the MINI brand saw sales rise 27.1% to total 20,303 (prev. yr. 15,976). 2015 has seen the best start to the year in the brand’s history with a total of 37,678 MINIs delivered to customers in the first two months, an increase of 19.7% compared to the same period last year (31,486). The new MINI 3 door is proving a great hit with customers: 7,877 were delivered worldwide in February, up 69.8% on the same month last year, when sales were affected by the model change (prev. yr. 4,640). The MINI 5 door is also seeing strong sales, with a total of 5,088 sold in February.

Globally, the BMW Group achieved higher sales in all regions compared with February last year. Year-to-date figures are also up around the world, in line with the corporate strategy of balanced growth worldwide.

Deliveries of BMW and MINI models in Europe increased by 7.0% in February, totalling 64,685 (prev. yr. 60,435). Sales for the first two months of the year were up 7.7% (120,365 / prev. yr. 111,768). Growth was achieved in all European markets with particularly strong results in a number of countries. The German market saw registrations in February increase by 13.3% compared with the same month last year (20,660 / prev. yr. 18,229) while sales in Italy rose 8.4% to total 6,055 in the month (prev. yr. 5,588). Great Britain continues to see strong sales growth with a total of 6,341 BMW and MINIs delivered to customers (prev. yr. 5,980 / +6.0%).

BMW and MINI sales in the Americas continued their strong start to the year with sales in the region up 13.8% in February (34,698 / prev. yr. 30,490). Sales for the year-to-date are up 10.1% with a total of 62,150 vehicles delivered so far in 2015 (prev. yr. 56,467). North America was the region’s biggest growth driver: deliveries of BMW and MINI vehicles in February totalled 28,921 in the USA (prev. yr. 24,476 / +18.2%) with a similar increase seen in Canada, where 2,692 vehicles were delivered to customers (prev. yr. 2,295 / +17.3%).

Customer deliveries in Asia are also higher than the same period last year with February sales in the region 4.1% up on last year (47,154 / prev. yr. 45,292) and year-to-date sales increasing by 5.4% (101,342 / prev. yr. 96,133). BMW and MINI sales in Mainland China totalled 31,089 in February, an increase of 2.7% on the same month last year (30,281) while sales in South Korea rose 22.0% to total 4,191 ( prev. yr. 3,435).

BMW Motorrad also continued to build on its successful start to the year with a sales increase of 13.5% (9,195 / prev. yr. 8,098), making it the brand’s best ever February. A total of 15,458 BMW Motorrad vehicles were delivered to customers in the first two months of the year, an increase of 14.2% on the same period last year (13,536). This positive development is largely due to continuing strong demand for the vehicles introduced recently such as the S 1000 RR, R 1200 R and F 800 R.

BMW Group sales in/up to February 2015 at a glance



 
In February 2015
Compared with
previous year
Up to/including
February 2015
Compared with
previous year


BMW Group Automobiles
151,952
+7.6%
294,112
+7.3%


BMW
131,416
+5.2%
255,981
+5.7%


MINI
20,303
+27.1%
37,678
+19.7%


BMW Motorrad
9,195
+13.5%
15,458
+14.2%



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### VOLKSWAGEN COMMERCIAL NETWORK RAIL FLEET DEAL

Train commuters across the country can take comfort that Britain’s great railway network will be serviced by the best vehicles in the business, thanks to a new fleet deal which will see Volkswagen supply commercial vehicles to Network Rail.



Every year 1.3 billion journeys are made on Britain’s railways and 100 million tonnes of freight is transported by rail between ports, factories and shops. Maintaining and developing Britain’s rail tracks, signalling, bridges, tunnels, level crossings, viaducts and stations is no easy task.

When looking for a versatile and extensive fleet of vans that could operate in the toughest environment, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles was the obvious choice.

The current agreement is for 312 vehicles – 124 Amarok 140PS BMT, 168 Transporter 114PS BMT and 20 Transporter Kombi 114PS BMT. The fleet will be used by Network Rail’s engineering team.

Each vehicle supplied has been carefully selected for the business area it will operate in, with many featuring specifications to make life on board more efficient for drivers.

Steve Duffy, business support manager for Network Rail, commented: ‘With over 20,000 miles of track and thousands of rail assets to maintain, the team requires the best products and support to deliver very complex jobs.

‘The combination of Volkswagen’s broad model range and its dedicated national fleet support team has helped us to deliver a fleet solution that meets the needs of our business, now and into the future.’

Chris Black, Head of Fleet for Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, said: ‘We are delighted to be working with Network Rail. The versatility of our products and the power of our residual values mean we are highly competitive and able to offer outstanding value for money. Our dedicated fleet support team means we can also supply fleet customers with excellent options and a bespoke service.’

### Medical Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing

Regulations under the Road Traffic Law generally oblige all drivers and passengers in the front and rear of motor vehicles to wear seat belts.



DISABLED PATIENTS

There is an exemption for anyone holding a valid certificate signed by a medical practitioner stating that it is inadvisable on medical grounds for him or her to wear a seat belt.

In deciding whether to grant exemption, a medical practitioner needs to judge each case on its merits. There are no conditions (eg; pregnancy) which justify automatic exemption.

Thorough assessment is important. Wherever possible ask patients to demonstrate their problem,in the vehicle if appropriate.

If a medical practitioner decides to grant exemption, then the specific certificate (see below) should be issued immediately. All certificates must specify a period of validity, which may be as long or as short as medically justified. Note that a medical practitioner’s letter is not, in law, a valid substitute. The patient keeps the certificate to show if challenged by the police. A record should be kept of exemptions issued.

Reducing the risk of death or serious injury needs to be balanced very carefully against any reason for seeking exemption from wearing a seat belt. Medical practitioners should consider their decision with the same care that they apply to other medical decisions.

There is overwhelming evidence that wearing seat belts in the front and rear substantially reduces deaths and disabling injuries in road traffic accidents. In a crash at 30 mph unrestrained passengers can hit whatever is infront of them with a force of up to 35– 60 times their own body weight. Reductions of up to 50%, of all types of injury including fatalities, have been recorded. Injuries to the head, face and eyes are particularly reduced.

Air bags are designed to work with seat belts.

They are not alternatives. An activated airbag can seriously hurt a driver or passenger who is not using a seat belt.



Wearing a seat belt while pregnant

You must wear a seat belt if you’re pregnant, unless your doctor says you don’t have to for medical reasons.

Medical exemptions


Your doctor may say you don’t have to wear a seat belt for a medical reason. They’ll give you a ‘Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing’. You must:

1. keep this in your vehicle
2. show it to the police if you’re stopped




CERTIFICATES

Certificates of exemption from compulsory seat belt wearing bear the recognised EU symbol and will be accepted in EU member
states. A person is not exempt until they have the proper Certificate issued by a doctor.

### Guardia Civil Divers Injured in Vehicle Crash

A group of divers from the sub aquatic GEAS group of the Guardia Civil were involved in a crash on the island of Gran Canaria today.



Fire fighters had to cut one of the occupants free from their vehicle after it was in collision with a bus. The same fire fighters free two other colleagues but they were able to leave the vehicle of their own accord.



Best wishes are sent to those involved for a speedy recovery and praise to colleagues in the emergency services for their speedy response.

### Save Money on Motor Fuel Consumption

Despite the recent drop in the price of motor fuel, most drivers will already be aware that the cost has started to creep up again, increasing by over 10% since December, but there are still actions that every driver can take to reduce fuel consumption, and therefore reduce your own fuel bill.



Keeping the windows closed, not carrying excess loads, keeping your speed and engine revs down, all make a significant difference to fuel consumption, but here are out top ten tips to save.

	Drive your car in a gentle manner, avoiding excessive acceleration and deceleration and maintain a safe speed. Driving at speeds in excess of 100 kilometres per hour will increase fuel consumption by up to 16%.
	Check your tyres. This should be a routine practice anyway for safety reasons, but excessive friction with the tarmac can increase fuel consumption.
	Keep the engine revs at a more efficient level, without excessive revving. The most fuel efficient levels are between 2,000 and 2,500 for petrol cars, and between 1,500 and 2,500 in the case of diesels.
	Choose your gears wisely to keep the revs under control. First gear uses the most fuel, so it is advisable to use that for a shorter time as possible, moving through the gears to maintain a controlled level of revs.
	Check the weight of the vehicle. Are you carrying unnecessary items that will hinder the flow of air and reduce aerodynamics, such as a roof rack that you never use? An empty roof rack can increase fuel consumption by 2%, and when loaded, it can increase up to 35%. Are you carrying unnecessary items in the boot? Are you consuming fuel by transporting things in your car that are simply never required?
	Maintain a safe and adequate distance when driving. Managing to avoid sudden braking and acceleration helps fuel consumption saving and driving with the correct distance can reduce traffic jams and subsequently save between 10% and 15% of consumption.
	Leave the car at home. For journeys of less than 3 kilometres, it is cheaper to use public transport. Short journeys in towns and cities will increase fuel consumption.
	Keep the windows closed. Modern cars are designed for optimum aerodynamics, but having the windows open can reduced that effect, causing drag and subsequent fuel consumption increase. Driving with the windows open can increase fuel consumption by 5%.
	Check the air conditioning temperature. Having the temperature below 20 degrees can increase fuel consumption by 20%.
	Turn off the engine. Although it is not always practical, turning off the engine is one of the best ways of saving fuel. If standing for a length of time, turn off your engine and save.

There are other tips for saving fuel too, such as regularly checking you oil and air filters, checking the seals on your fuel tank as a slight leak can let fuel vapour escape and, although not necessarily significant, can increase fuel consumption and can put you at risk.

By adopting some of these methods described, you can make significant savings on fuel consumption, and many of them make for a safer and more comfortable driving experience too. Smooth and safe are the keys to better driving.

### Nine Deaths on the Roads this Weekend

Nine people have lost their lives, four of them motorcyclists, and three people were injured in seven road accidents on Spanish roads this weekend, between 15:00 on Friday and 20:00 on Sunday, according to the provisional data from the DGT.

Saturday was the most fatal day with six deaths in four incidents, including three young people who were killed when their vehicle collided head on with another on the A-1411 rural road in Maella, Zaragoza. Three other young people were injured in this incident.

A 32 year old motorcyclist who worked as a television cameraman was also killed on Saturday when his motorcycle collided with a truck, under which he then became trapped, on the M-505 road in Galapagar.

Another motorcyclist was also killed on Saturday after colliding with a vehicle on the LE-5419 road in Carrizo de la Ribera, León.

Finally, on Saturday, a 25 year old driver was killed in Puerto del Rosario, Fuerteventura, when the vehicle he was driving collided with a lamppost.

On Friday there were two fatalities in as many incidents, one a motorcyclist who collided with a car on the C-32 as it passes through the town of Castelldefels, Barcelona. The second crash was on the TF-21 road at La Orotava in Santa Cruz de Tenerife.

Finally, on Sunday, a motorcyclist died when he collided with a car on the N-260 road at Puigcerdà, Girona.

### Madrid Motorway in Pioneering Crash Barrier Test

Drivers in Madrid are going to be provided protection on some of the roads by the world's first sustainable crash barriers.



As part of the “New Jersey Project”, a 400 metre stretch of the M-111 motorway will be fitted with the new barriers, the first of their kind in Spain, and the first complete project in the world.

Made with a combination of recycled rubber tyres and plastic, the barriers use waste materials in their manufacturing, thus avoiding the process of creating new materials, and putting to use waste that may otherwise be stored in landfill sites, unable to naturally degrade.

Already, studies have shown that the manufacturing process reaches a level of “lower than expected” contamination, as their impact on emissions of carbon dioxide is 11.5% lower than traditional models.

In addition to their environmental credits, the barriers are also considered safer than the traditional barrier and are lighter, on account of the materials being used. Each of the new barriers includes 33 kilos of recycled rubber.

In order to test the barriers in use, a concrete barrier is covered with a mixed rubber and plastic layer. Secondly, a concrete barrier where chips made of recycled tyres will partially substitute conventional concrete aggregates. Finally, in order to evaluate the environmental benefits obtained, a Life Cycle Analysis study will be carried out for the developed products.

The last phase of the project, co-funded by the EU Life + program, which has had a budget of 1.9 million euro, a demonstration in real conditions is required to see “how the barriers behave over time”, and the stretch of motorway in Madrid is the site chosen to that end, as “thousands” of vehicles use the route on a regular basis.

### The Hidden Problem of Drugs and Driving

Young people on a Saturday night, going out, taking drugs, then getting behind the wheel of a car, yes it might be a situation that we all have an awareness of, but it´s not the full story when it comes to drugs and driving.



The idea of using drugs may well conjure up a certain image of people using often illegal substances for recreational use, but there are also many legal drugs that also pose a danger to road users, without the person taking them even considering their might be a problem.

Of course there is a problem of some young people taking drugs and driving, but in reality, there is also a problem with older people doing so too.

There have been many cases when drivers have proved positive in the drugs test, and often it is due to the fact that prescription medication may contain substances that act as a relaxant, and so impair the ability to drive. Similarly, some prescription drugs interact with other medications, and can combine to cause problems that also reduce the driver´s ability to correctly control the vehicle in a safe manner.

It is of course possible that the user is unaware of the problems that the drugs might cause. Every medication that is sold in pharmacists has an instruction leaflet accompanying it. The leaflet is also often very long, and in Spanish, so may not be the first consideration of a foreign driver. You can of course ask your pharmacist about interactions and if drugs may affect your ability to drive.

On some drugs, a warning symbol is printed on the box, depicting an image of a car inside a red warning triangle. If you are taking drugs and this symbol is present on the box or information leaflet, then it is forbidden to drive whilst you are taking the medication, and sometime immediately after a course too, as the drugs can remain present in your system.

It is almost impossible to say how drugs can affect driving ability, as it depends on the drugs and how they interact with the body. There could be loss of awareness, motor skills, balance and coordination, perception, attention, reaction time, and judgment, all of which will make driving particularly hazardous.

Recent figures from the DGT showed that 11% of all drivers tested positive for drugs, but now with strict penalties in place, it is hoped that those figures will reduce. The advice, always check your prescription medication and if there is any doubt, don´t drive.

### Carrying Gas Canisters in the Car

Although the winter months are coming to an end, there is still a chill in the air, and many people in Spain still rely on bottled gas to heat their homes, and many more rely on bottled gas for cooking.



Although the gas supply companies will deliver the bottles to your home, many people find it more convenient to pick up their own supply at many of the outlets across the country, exchanging the empty bottles for full ones, but in order to do this, we have to think about the safety and security implications of carrying a potentially lethal canister.

Depending on their size and weight, the canisters can be very heavy as they are filled with pressurised gas. At home, care should be taken as to where they are stored, in well ventilated places, away from heat and ignition sources, far away from toxic materials and always in an upright position.

In the car, it is equally crucial to take the necessary steps to ensure your safety and the safety of other road users.

Spanish law states that you can carry 2 gas bottles in the car, and they must be carried in an upright, vertical position. You must also take necessary measure to ensure that the canisters are secured in the vehicle and cannot move during the journey.

The law also states that when you are carrying gas canisters, it is forbidden to park the vehicle in an underground car park.

You should also check with your local supply company for their recommendations for storage and carriage, as gas canisters can pose a major threat if not handled correctly, but are perfectly safe if the advice is followed.

Here is the Royal Decree which relates to carrying Gas in the car...
Real Decreto 919/2006, de 28 de julio, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento técnico de distribución y utilización de combustibles gaseosos.

Centros de almacenamiento y distribución de envases de gases licuados del petróleo (GLP).

	Transporte de envases de GLP: Que los vehículos particulares que transporten envases de GLP tendrán limitada su carga a 2 envases móviles de hasta 15 Kg. de capacidad unitaria. Además indicar que:

Los envases, tanto llenos como vacíos, con válvula de seguridad, se transportarán siempre en posición vertical en sus correspondientes jaulas para el transporte o correctamente estibadas. Los envases nuevos o reparados, sin gas, en transporte desde fábrica o taller a la planta, podrán ir en posición horizontal.

Los envases, tanto llenos como vacíos, deberán ir sujetos y se tomarán las disposiciones necesarias para evitar su caída durante el transporte.

Queda prohibido el estacionamiento de vehículos que contengan envases de GLP, cualquiera que sea su volumen de carga, en estacionamientos subterráneos.
For more information about driving in Spain, follow us on Facebook, just search for “N332”, and bookmark this website, n332.es.

### SERIOUS CRASH AT NOTORIOUS JUNCTION

Officers from the Guardia Civil attended a crash at a notorious junction on the CV903 between Daya Vieja and Formentera on Thursday, after yet another collision resulted in serious injuries.



Two vehicles collided at the junction, with one being forced along the road. The driver of that vehicle was taken to hospital suffering serious injuries.



Neighbours living near the junction have been calling for a roundabout to be installed for some time, owing to the historic risk that the junction has posed.



In fact, the risk has clearly been recognised by the road planners on account of them adding extra signs that indicate the junction is one classed as being of a dangerous nature.



The sign is clearly insufficient in reducing the risk to road users, as was clearly the case once again this week.

The junction is in the heart of a mixed industrial and residential zone, and sees two minor roads cross a major and faster straight road. The layout is clearly suitable for a roundabout, especially as it is already constructed on one side of the road, and yet drivers still have to risk emerging onto the open and fast flowing road in order to cross or deviate.

Article from The Leader: http://www.theleader.info/article/46588/spain/costa-blanca/serious-crash-at-notorious-junction/

### Pegasus – the new aerial radar

The helicopter is positioned above the vehicle to maintain visual contact. The pilot and cameraman operate in co-ordination. It is equipped with two cameras: one, panoramic, follows the vehicle and captures its speed; the other, with telephoto lens, reads the registration number.

	Starting from the position of the helicopter, a GPS calculates the co-ordinates of the vehicle.
	A laser rangefinder measures the exact distance between the helicopter and the vehicle.
	With the successive positions, the speed is determined. The system measures every 3 seconds and the average speed is calculated. Speeds between 80 and 360kph can be detected.
	The offence is recorded and transmitted telematically.



How Pegasus Works

The new aerial radar has an advantage: it's more selective and allows observation of drivers' conduct, identifying risky behaviours. Pegasus can operate from a height of 300 metres and from a distance of one kilometre away from its target.

The purpose of the system is to recognise the geographical co-ordinates (latitude and longitude) of the vehicle it's checking in order to calculate its speed.

Firstly, the helicopter is positioned with extraordinary precision, by way of various mechanisms (gyroscopes and speedometers) and a computer programme added to the surveillance cameras.

Next, a laser measures the distance between the helicopter and the vehicle every three seconds. With these data, the successive movements of the vehicle and its speed can be determined to record the offence. With the offence confirmed, a frame from the video recording is sent as evidence telematically to the Centre for Automated Complaints Processing (ESTRADA), where the incident will be handled. This also includes anticipated criminal offences, for which a Guardia civil patrol can be contacted immediately from the helicopter.



How the new aerial radar works, step by step:

	Starting from the position of the helicopter, the co-ordinates of the vehicle are calculated by GPS.
	A laser rangefinder measures the exact distance between the helicopter and the vehicle.
	The speed is determined from the successive positions. The system measures every three seconds and calculates the average. Speeds between 80 and 360kph can be detected.
	The offence is recorded and handled telematically.

### Petrol Station Robberies Update

A couple of days ago we published and article about:

"Four detained for the wave of petrol station robberies in the Vega Baja and Baix Vinalopo."

The gang was captured in a joint operation between the National Police and the Guardia Civil Yesterday a joint operation between the Guardia Civil and the National Police broke up a hooded and armed gang who had committed around 20 armed robberies on petrol stations in the Vega Baja and Baix Vinalopo in the last few months.


Here you have a video when you can see how they carry out their robberies. The first images were taken in Los Montesinos Petrol Station (Alicante).

### Hay Fever Season and Driving Problems

Suffering from allergies and being a driver are a combination of factors that poses a potential risk on the roads.



In a new campaign by the DGT, it is revealed how a sneezing fit of just 5 seconds, means that a car travelling at 90 kilometres per hour covers a distance of 125 metres, the distance greater than a football field, when the driver´s attention is distracted as a result. The sneezing fit can often last longer than 5 seconds though, perhaps 8, 10 or more, with the vehicle continuing to travel without the driver´s full attention.

On a normal, dry road, the overall stopping distance for a car travelling at 90 kilometres per hour is calculated at 65.7 metres, just half of the distance covered during our 5 second sneezing fit. During the reaction time alone, the vehicle would have travelled 25 metres. In other words, in the event of an incident ahead, there would not be enough time to react and stop.



Sneezing is only one symptom of an allergic reaction, most commonly Hay Fever at this time of year, severe itching of the eyes, irritation, congestion or a runny nose, light sensitivity and many more combinations of symptoms, all make driving particularly problematic for sufferers.

Drugs to combat the physical symptoms can help ease the dreaded onset of Hay Fever, but some of these drugs also cause problems with driving, sometimes causing drowsiness, or other problems, and can interact with prescribed medication.

Sufferers of Hay Fever might have already realised that the pollen season has started early once again in Spain, but it can vary depending on the geographical location.

Within the car, keeping the vehicle clean, inside and out, can remove much of the residual pollen, as can the installation of filters in the air distribution system. Keeping windows closed, wearing sunglasses and avoiding key problematic times such as dawn and dusk can all ease the symptoms.

All antihistamines sold in Spain should carry a pictogram on their packaging, depicting a car within a danger warning signal, which is designed to alert drivers of the possible effects on the ability to drive safely. However, it may not be present on imported medication. But, if you see this sign you need to be aware that your driving ability is likely to be affected. If you are taking any medication, make sure you read the instruction leaflet, or check with your doctor or pharmacist about interactions with other medication and driving.



The website from the Sociedad Española de Aerobiología, www.polenes.com, can offer information within Spain, and allows you to select the different regions to see the current status of pollen and help you plan your driving activities.

### Child Car Seat Withdrawn

El Corte Inglés has issued a recall notice for a child´s car seat on account of safety fears caused by a manufacturing defect.

The seat is from the Bbest range, from their 1/2/3 group, models 05322435719 and 05322435727, with the code 1405210084, which can be found on a green label on the top back of the head restraint of the seat.

If you have purchased this seat, you should return it to El Corte Inglés, where they will replace it for you or offer a full refund.

### Supreme Court Dismissed Drunk Driver Death Appeal

The Court in Alicante has dismissed the appeal of a drunk driver who killed a woman in a crash in 2010 on the N-332 in El Campello.

According to the judgement issued this week by the Supreme Court, the Tribunal Superior de Justicia Valenciano (TSJCV), the appeal was dismissed and a two and a half year prison sentence confirmed for a crime against road safety whilst driving under the influence of alcohol and negligent homicide.

The incident occurred in November, 2010, when the driver of the offender was driving with “faculties impaired by alcohol intake”, lost control of the car on a curve, invaded the opposite lane and collided with another vehicle. The 34 year old female driver of that vehicle died on the spot.

The offender was also banned from driving for a period of three and a half years.

### Get an emergency travel document

An emergency travel document lets you leave another country if you can’t get a new or replacement British passport in time to travel.
You can apply for an emergency travel document (sometimes known as an ‘emergency passport’) if you’re a British national outside the UK and your passport has been lost, stolen, damaged or has expired.

You should first try to renew or replace your passport if it has expired or is damaged. Only apply for an emergency travel document if you need to travel before you can get a replacement.

What an emergency travel document does

An emergency travel document allows you to leave the country you’re in and travel to your destination via a maximum of 5 countries.

The emergency travel document can also cover a return journey if you’re resident in the country you’re applying from.

An emergency travel document doesn’t guarantee entry to every country. You may also need a visa. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country or countries you’re intending to travel to or through.

How to apply

You need to apply in person. Contact your nearest British embassy, high commission or consulate to check if you need to make an appointment.

You must bring with you:

a completed emergency travel document application form
a recent photograph of yourself
proof of your travel plans - eg, booking confirmations (or detailed written travel plans if you can’t book ahead)
a police report if your passport has been stolen
You will have to pay a fee in local currency, equivalent to £95.

Getting your emergency travel document

The embassy or consulate staff will check that you’re eligible for an emergency travel document. If you’re not, they will tell you why.

You may get the document on the day you apply if your circumstances are straightforward. It can take longer if your circumstances are more complex. You may need to change your travel plans.

Using your emergency travel document

The emergency travel document will only be valid for the journey that you specified when you applied and for a specific period of time. This will be shown on the document.

Your existing British passport will be cancelled in most cases.

Immigration authorities may keep your emergency travel document when you arrive at your destination.

If you are travelling within the next 48 hours, please call 902 109 356 or +34 917 146 300 to arrange an ETD.

If you are travelling in more than 2 days’ time, you can make an appointment at your nearest British Consulate:

https://www.consular-appointments.service.gov.uk/fco/#!/british-consulate-alicante/issuing-an-emergency-travel-document/slot_picker

British Consulate Alicante:

https://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/british-embassy-madrid/office/british-consulate-alicante

### Checking Your Details at the Roadside

As they go about their duties patrolling the roads of Spain, the Guardia Civil traffic police have a whole range of tools in their arsenal to both help those in need, and of course deal with those drivers who break the law.

One piece of kit carried by all of the officers, often stored in the panniers of their motorbikes, or inside the patrol cars, is their Personal Digital Assistant, or PDA.



The device is linked via Bluetooth to a thermal printer, and so able to issue fines on the spot, and pools its data with the central office of the DGT traffic department.

The PDA can be used to check driver and vehicle details, such as if you are actually qualified to drive, if you´ve been banned, if you own the vehicle you are driving, and details about that vehicle and its insurance.



The whole process of checking the information is almost instantaneous, but it can take a lot longer if the information provided by the driver is either inaccurate, or unknown.

One particular problem facing foreign drivers is when they are not registered as residents in Spain, or have not transferred their license to a Spanish one.

For those who have, you are likely to be sent on your way a lot quicker than those with no registered details, as a single check of a drivers NIE number links all of the relevant driver and vehicle details together, and so the officers can almost instantly find the information they are looking to confirm.

However, when the information is not linked, such as for drivers who haven´t swapped to a Spanish license, then the process takes a lot longer to complete, and your journey is likely to be increasingly delayed as a result.



Converting your UK license to a Spanish version is a relatively easy process. It can be done at your local DGT trafico office, or you can hire one of the many specialist advisors who will complete the administrative process on your behalf, and a simple medical and computerised reaction test is all that is keeping you from joining the many residents who have already converted and enjoy an easier life on the roads.

There is more information on the process available at our website, n332.es, as well as links to find your local trafico office and the information required to complete the process.

### Is it legal or not to drive in flip flops or high heels?

Is it legal or not to drive in flip flops or high heels?


Reglamento General de Circulacion, article 3.1 " You have to drive properly avoiding damage to people / things. It is forbidden to drive in a negligent or reckless way."

When you drive with flip flops you can have an accident, and when you drive back home from the beach, your flip flops usually are wet and with sand, therefore you have a high risk of lose your flip flops while driving or when you use your car pedals. With Flip flops you can not break/ accelerate properly, ALL this factors can end in a traffic accident and in this cases you can be fined for driving with an inappropriate footwear.

We have known many cases of people driving with flip flops or with high heels who have had an accident caused for the use of this kind of footwear. So there is NO article who prohibit the use of these footwear, but the article we have posted here (art.3.1) can be applied to those drivers who have an accident as a consequence of this or do not driver properly.



Remember to avoid this footwear, it is advisable not to use them but it is NOT FORBIDDEN !!
Artículo 3 Conductores

1. Se deberá conducir con la diligencia y precaución necesarias para evitar todo daño, propio o ajeno, cuidando de no poner en peligro, tanto al mismo conductor como a los demás ocupantes del vehículo y al resto de los usuarios de la vía. Queda terminantemente prohibido conducir de modo negligente o temerario

### Turbo Rotondas

We want to show you the new kind of roundabouts , they are called "Turbo Rotondas" , they have been built in some cities in the north of Spain. See how they work, what do you think?
"The roundabout was built ins Spain in 1976"

### GoPros / Dash Cameras – Are They Legal?

Is legal or not to carry a cam on a helmet / vehicle?

This post was published by a lawyer who discusses the question.
I'm not very fond of writing posts on internet that aren't about motorcycle outings or experiences on two wheels, but I've been reading a lot on the forums lately about the legality of recording with GoPro on your helmet (whilst in the saddle) and I think it's time to put things straight.

As a lawyer specializing in Data Protection And Compliance, I feel justified – and at the same time obligated – to write this entry and give my opinion.

I understand that in this country we're all lawyers and doctors. But while that's all very well if you're talking about personal comments with your mates in the cafe, it's different if it's a public forum;
because its impact and its reach is very much greater.

I start reading these articles and I always see the same thing: a ton of quotes from articles and rules which seem to justify the writer's affirmation that recording from a GoPro is prohibited, that they'll fine us 500 euros and furthermore confiscate our camera.

Then they inform you that the recordings are “personal data” covered by Data Protection Law, and how personal data includes number plates, and how unequivocal consent is required...etc,etc. But, ladies and gentlemen, we've got ahead of ourselves and we've forgotten that amongst the first articles of law exists a thing called “scope of application”, whose function is simply to define the behaviours to which the rules will be applied.

Consequently, those actions subject to the concepts interpreted so well by the writers in these forums. To conclude and not ramble on, I quote Article 2 of the Data Protection Law, which states in paragraph 2:

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“The rule of protection of data of a personal nature which is established in the current Organic Law will not be applied:

a) To those files kept by physical persons in the exercise of exclusively personal or domestic activities”
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So, simply and plainly, the Data Protection Law doesn't prohibit this activity for the simple reason that it doesn't apply; that what we are recording with these devices are private and domestic videos.

They are in no way comparable to fixed security cameras (private or public) which do fall within the law. I hope this will put to rest a controversy which affects a lot of us bikers. Let's bear in mind that the Guardia Civil are professionals and don't go around fining people for no reason. Let's not just create sensational headlines.

(Article translated by Maureen Daniels.)

### Riding a Moped Whilst Wearing a Splint

FOLLOWER QUESTION:
"Is is permitted to ride a moped whilst wearing a splint?"
The gentleman asking the question has said he is able to walk but they won't be taking the splint off until this week, and he lives in the country and would like to know whether he can pick up his moped."
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REGLAMENTO GENERAL DE CIRCULACION

Article 18: Other obligations of the driver -

1. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to maintain freedom of movement.

N332: "After reading this article, it is obvious that with a splint in your arm, for security reasons, you can not ride until the doctor decides you do not need it anymore. A splint does not let you to have freedom of movement so he will have to wait".

It is also forbidden to use a bicycle during this period of time.

### Flat Battery?

Battery problems and how to solve them.

How often should I replace my car battery?

Discovering you have a dead battery upon turning the key in the ignition is one of the most inconvenient, yet common, occurrences for motorists.

The life expectancy for your car battery is typically 4–6 years. Several factors determine how long your battery will last, for example weather conditions, vehicle type and driving habits.

Why is my battery flat?

Make sure to check all of the electrical connections and ensure the battery is kept clean and dry. If corrosion has built up over time, baking soda in a water solution and an old toothbrush is ideal to clean the battery terminals. Just make sure to remove the negative terminal first. When reapplying the terminals, connect the positive terminal first.

Cold weather makes it more difficult for an already weakened battery to hold its charge. Storing your car in a garage during spells of cold weather should keep the battery warmer and, therefore, easier to charge.

Charging your battery

The type of charger you own is important in the safety of charging your vehicle.

When charging your car, it is not only safer, but better for your battery to opt for the slow charging method. A fast charge increases the potential of overcharging your battery and can create permanent damage.

Replacement and recycling

Your local auto garage or recycling centre will take your car battery, usually for a small fee. It is illegal to dispose of your car battery along with household waste due to its toxic nature.

If the battery is still in reasonable condition, it may be reconditioned for use, or its components will be extracted and melted down for use in the future.

Keeping your car battery fully charged means your battery will have a longer lifespan and use energy more efficiently.

Waiting until you break down before replacing your car battery is avoidable. As batteries can pose several dangers, it is advised you seek professional help from a battery specialist before attempting any repairs yourself.

If your car does not start, you always can call the assistance and explain what happens. They will send you the recovery truck together with a tweezers. Remember that it this happen to you once, it is a warning to replace your battery.

### Renewing VS Exchanging Your EU Driving Licence

Here is a contribution from David Ruiz, the owner of Torrevieja Translation as well as a specialist on driving licences, interpreting and translation. He and his group, are every other day in the Traffic Office in Alicante doing paperwork so we have asked them to write an article about changes/renovations driving licences in the Alicante Traffic Office.
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RENEWING VS. EXCHANGING YOUR EU DRIVING LICENCE


Still confused with the new regulations on EU driving licences in Spain?

Did you know that you can either "renew" or "exchange" your EU driving licence?

Let me briefly explain the difference of both procedures.

Although I believe you’ve already read the following, you must renew your EU driving licence in Spain if you:

• Drive using an EU licence other than Spanish.
• Have Spanish residency.
• Obtained your Spanish residency on or before the 19th of January 2013.

In addition, you will have to renew it if you (any or all four of the following):

• Have a licence which never expires.
• Have a driving licence which expires in 15 years or more for Group 1 (AM, A1, A2, A, B Y BE).
• Have a driving licence which expires in 5 years or more for Group 2 (BTP, C1, C1E, C, CE D1, D1E, D, DE).
• Have a driving licence which has already expired or is close to its expiration date.

Do you fall into any of the previous? Then “renewal” is what you have to do.

However, if renewal does not apply to you, as long as you have Spanish residency (even if you became resident today) you can still do a voluntary "exchange" (canje).

Both "Renewal" and "Exchange" are essentially the same, as the final outcome is obtaining the Spanish driving licence.

There are some minor points to note:

• The fee is slightly different (Renewal is 23.50€ and Exchange is 27.70€)
• Both procedures have different application forms.
• In Alicante province you always need to provide a medical certificate for "Renewal".
• For the "exchange", at least in Alicante province, a medical is not necessary if your EU licence expires in a year or more.

I hope this short article has shed some light on both procedures.

Click on the link below and read my article "9 facts you must know about renewing your EU driving licence in Spain". I clarify some important aspects in this article on renewing your EU licence:

http://torreviejatranslation.com/about-renewing-your-eu-driving-licence-in-spain/

### BEWARE OF SCAMMERS

Two of our followers have sent us this information;

"A man called at our villa in Catral this morning saying he was from Catral town hall and was notifying people in the area that there was a problem with the Ambulance service reaching peoples homes because the internet was interfering with their GPS system, he said they needed to fund a new system and showed my husband his clip board with several authorisation ID type cards with his photo and what looked like official stamped letters from either the town hall or the authorities in Alicante, the stamps were faded .


He was spanish we think but spoke very fluent English. His car registration is 3446 FPL and the car was either light grey or blue and was a small car. We do not know if this man was genuine or if it is a scam."
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ADVICE:

The first thing you have to do in this cases, is to ask for the ID of the company he is representing, together with the DNI. They can fake ID companies and to fake DNI is almost impossible nowadays. With that information, close the door for a moment, and leave them waiting outside your house.

Now, call the company they are working for...(Town Hall, Repsol, Gas Natural...), you can find the number on internet or on your bill is they give you service. NEVER CALL A NUMBER THE SCAMMER GAVE YOU. Other scammer it is on the line to give you false information.

If you can not find the number on internet, you have to options:
1. Call the Police, if you are in doubt about their identity. (062 Guardia Civil)

2. Ask them to come back another day, and get time to check all the information they told you.

### EU considers black boxes for cars

EU considers black boxes for cars.

Police hope the technology would allow accurate crash reconstructions

Black box data recorders could be installed in new cars as standard if a Europe-wide study gives them backing.


Police forces across the continent are looking at whether the aircraft-style technology could improve road safety.

The European Commission will use their research to decide if the devices could help in accident investigations.

They are able to record information, including speed and the rate of braking in cars, in the vital seconds leading up to a crash.

It is hoped accident investigators would be able to use the black box information to get a detailed picture of the circumstances surrounding a collision.

Some UK police forces including the Metropolitan Police in London already use the technology in their own cars.

They say it has helped to reduce the number of accidents they have.

The European Commission asked senior police officers across Europe to work on the study looking at the feasibility of installing the devices all new vehicles.

If it is a success, legislation could be passed by ministers in Brussels.

- What do you think about installing black boxes in vehicles?

### Muting Your Phone

"MUTING". FREE App that helps avoid being distracted by your mobile while driving.

By activating this application manually or automatically, all notifications and calls are silenced, vibrate is cancelled and the mobile screen is switched off. The objective of this completely free App called Mutting, for Android mobiles, is to reduce the number of traffic accidents caused by mobile distractions.

By activating the App manually or automatically, as well as silencing all notifications and calls, vibrate is cancelled and the mobile screen is switched off from the moment the engine is switched on until the car is parked. On receiving a call, a notification is sent to the caller that the driver is not available. If this call is repeated, it is considered urgent and passed to the vehicle's hands-free system.


The added value of Mutting and its biggest difference is that calls and messages are not lost, but remain stored in the mobile, and by simply getting out of the car the App is disconnected and the device returns to normal function. How Mutting differs from other Apps Automatic activation through the vehicle's hands-free Bluetooth, or manual activation.

Your contacts can see your status (“not available”, “driving”) when they try to make the call. The App advises your contacts by way of a Chat message that you are driving. If this function is not available, it is possible to notify them by text message.

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details…
(This article has been translated by one of our volunteers Maureen Daniels.)

 

### Guardia Civil Launches New Online Police Report System

The Spanish Guardia Civil Launches "e-Denuncias", a New Online Police Report System

Damage, loss, theft or recoveries are some of the issues that can be reported on this new service.

Citizens will be able to make an online police report at the “eDenuncias Virtual Office”, which you can access at


http://www.guardiacivil.es or

https://e-denuncia.guardiacivil.es/eDenuncia/index.faces

Those users who utilize this application will have priority when confirming the complaint at police stations.

The Guardia Civil has launched this online police report system so that citizens can communicate certain crimes to the Spanish authorities. The citizen will be able to report document or personal items loss/findings, vehicle theft, subtractions from the inside of vehicles, robbery (without any violence or intimidation) and damage from unknown authors.

All this and more can be reported at the “e-Denuncias Virtual Office”, which can be accessed at http://www.guardiacivil.es or https://e-denuncia.guardiacivil.es/eDenuncia/index.faces.

Certain crimes cannot be reported, as those in which there is physical violence or other events where the authors are clearly identified.

Once the citizen has made the report at the “e-Denuncias Virtual Office”, within the next three days he/she will have to go to in person to the assigned Guardia Civil station to confirm the report. However, if the citizen wishes to confirm such report at a different police station other than the assigned one, it can be done by providing the reference given by the “e-Denuncias” system.

Citizens who use this application will have priority once they have confirmed their reports, in comparison to other citizens who may come to report events of a similar nature. Therefore, unnecessary delays will be avoided for citizens.

### A Heavy Load

Look at this car. We are sure you will have seen many of these during the summer on the motorways. If you carry the load in this way you can be fined and your vehicle can be immobilized until you solve the problem.



Here are the relevant parts of Traffic Law with all the articles which can be applied to this vehicle:

1.The load cannot modify the car's driving stability while driving.


2. The load cannot fall down to the road.

3. The load can not overhang in the back side, and the maximum rear overhang is a 10% when the object can be divided in 2 parts, and 15% when is an indivisible object.

4. The load maximun high will be 4m (from the ground to the higher point.)

5. Load weight: Check your TV card:

MMA means maximum weight you can carry.
TARA means the car weight.

So if your TARA is for example 1.500 kg, and your MMA is 2.500 kg, you can carry 1000 kg. Remember you have to take into account the all the occupant weight of the car.

If you want to read the information driectly from the Spanish Traffic Law, here you are......

REGLAMENTO GENERAL CIRCULACIÓN

Artículo 14 Disposición de la carga

1. La carga transportada en un vehículo, así como los accesorios que se utilicen para su acondicionamiento o protección, deben estar dispuestos y, si fuera necesario, sujetos de tal forma que no puedan:

a) Arrastrar, caer total o parcialmente o desplazarse de manera peligrosa.
b) Comprometer la estabilidad del vehículo.
c) Producir ruido, polvo u otras molestias que puedan ser evitadas.
d) Ocultar los dispositivos de alumbrado o de señalización luminosa, las placas o distintivos obligatorios y las advertencias manuales de sus conductores.
2. El transporte de materias que produzcan polvo o puedan caer se efectuará siempre cubriéndolas total y eficazmente.

Artículo 15 Dimensiones de la carga

3. En el resto de los vehículos no destinados exclusivamente al transporte de mercancías la carga podrá sobresalir por la parte posterior hasta un 10 por ciento de su longitud, y si fuera indivisible, un 15 por ciento.
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REGLAMENTO GENERAL VEHICULOS

Tabla 3. Dimensiones máximas autorizadas

Altura máxima de los vehículos incluida la carga, como norma general................................ 4,00 metros.

Read the new here:

http://www.abc.es/…/abci-multa-exceso-carga-201502201741.ht…
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### Motorhome Parking

"Can you tell me what the law is about motorhomes parking for several months in a car park without any facilities? The mind boggles with what they do with their waste. In El Pinet, La Marina there are sometimes as many as 50 and this reduces the width of the road as some are so wide".
Call the local police because they are parked on the streets. If we find one of these parked near the road, we can fine them, but in these cases it is the local police who have to take action on the matter.

All traffic matters on the local streets of a municipality are dealt with by the Local Police. As the Guardia Civil Tráfico, we deal with major roads and the motorway networks.

In answer to your question, based on the photograph you have sent us:

Firstly, they are not parked in the correct way. All vehicles have an obligation to park correctly, i.e. within the white lines of a parking space. If you look at the white lines in the picture, which we have highlighted, each caravan occupies 3 parking spaces. Therefore, the Local Police can attend and fine all of the offending vehicles. The car park here is designed for cars only, which you can see from the size of the parking spaces.

Secondly, caravans and campervans cannot place fixtures in the road or street. In the picture, we see a solar panel on the road, which is strictly forbidden. The same would apply for chairs, tables and any other elements like this.

To make matters clearer, first of all, we have to differentiate between parking and camping.

PARKING (The vehicle must be parked in a manner that respects the lines drawn on the ground as any other vehicle, locked and with the engine off).

CAMPING (It is forbidden to set up camping furniture in the street).

Motorhomes have a legal right to park in any place that other vehicles are allowed to, they cannot be discriminated against because of the type of vehicle that they are. Town halls do not have any powers to ban motorhomes from parking in any place if the parking is allowed for vehicles, so long as the motorhome is able to park correctly.

If you see the owner of a motorhome depositing of their waste in an illegal place, call the Local Police or Guardia Civil depending on where you are. But remember that if the motorhome is parked in a correct way (parking), the current legislation allows this practice unless they take out their furniture /awnings etc and are therefore classed as camping.

(Read other new traffic matters on our Facebook Page: "N332", please share this information among family/friends.)

### Speed Limits

Speed Limits

If you wan to know how much it costs a speeding ticket, and how many points you can lose if you drive over the limit, here you can check it. (1st Photo)

On the other hand, we publish another chart according to the DGT lastest news, where you can see the margin of error of the radar in each speed limit. (2nd Photo)


This information has been published for the DGT on its website. (www.dgt.es)

(Read other new traffic matters on the Facebook Page: "N332", please share this information)

### Guardia Civil Car involved in a seriously traffic accident

Guardia Civil Car involved in a seriously traffic accident.

Yesterday 3 people have been injured in a traffic accident, when a truck crashed with the police car which had stopped on the hard shoulder to help a motorist . It took place on the motorway Ap-9 (Vigo).

### New driving licence rules in Spain from 19 January 2013

New driving licence rules in Spain from 19 January 2013.

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" Community residents with legal residence in Spain acquired on or before the 19th January 2013 holding a community driving permit that is valid for more than 15 years have to renew their driving licence from the 19th January 2015. This affects UK driving licences Group 1 (AM, A1, A2, A, B & BE) or those with more than 5 years in Group 2 (BTP, C1, C1E, C, CE D1, D1E, D, DE).


For new arrivals, this ruling comes into force after 2 years of legal residence in Spain. "
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After one month of the publication of the EU Directive 2006/126/CE, we would like to know if you have had any problems when you have decided to "change" your driving licence into a Spanish Driving Licence.

- Have you done it by yourself or through a "Gestoría"?, How much have you paid?

- What problems have you had in the Traffic Office?, Did you have to go back with any other document?

- How long did it take you to do all the paperwork in Traffic?, in what office did you do it?

We have heard that in some provinces, the Traffic office is not giving the
temporary Spanish paper licence until they do not check with the other country if the driving licence is original and valid. Have you been involved in one of these cases?, what the Traffic Office gave you in return when you gave them your driving licence?



Your experience can help other expats who are thinking what are the steps they have to follow. Please leave your comments...

(Read other new traffic matters on our Facebook Page: "N332", please share this information.)

### Margin of Error

DGT has announced the margin of error in all radars.

The roads with the speed limit between 30km/h and 90 km/h, the drivers can be fined when they drive 8 km/h over the limit.

In roads where the speed limit will be 100,110 or 120 km/h, the margin of error will be 7%.


30 km/h......................................38 km/h
40 km/h......................................48 km/h
50 km/h......................................58 km/h
60 km/h......................................68 km/h
70 km/h......................................78 km/h
80 km/h......................................88 km/h
90 km/h......................................98 km/h
100 km/h..................................109 km/h
110 km/h.............................. ...120 km/h
120 km/h...................................131km/h

The DGT also want to inform all drivers in which roads, there could be mobile radars on its website;www.dgt.es all the information related to this matter. All the GPS and Apps will be able to download this information to help the drivers during their travel.

 



Updated: 24/07/2015

### Lost Documents

"Hi I have a friend who would like to sell his scooter but has lost the paperwork! .Can he get copies of the papers?"

	Report a lost/stolen document to the police (Because they could be used for illegal activities).
	Make an appointment in the Traffic Office, calling 060, they will issue a new Logbook / Driving Licence.
	You will have to visit the ITV Station and carry your vehicle to the engineer of the station who will issue you a new ITV card.

(If your ITV card was full of stamps, do not worry, in your next ITV test, they will give you an extra card which will be stapled to the ITV card).

How can someone steal your identity?

Identity theft occurs when someone uses your personal information such as your name, Social Security number, credit card number or other identifying information, without your permission to commit fraud or other crimes.

(Read other new traffic matters on the Facebook Page: "N332", please share this information.)

### Parte Amistoso

"Parte Amistoso" ???

What is the "Parte Amistoso", "The European Accident Statement". It is the official document you have to use if you have a traffic accident and no one was injured.

Ask your insurance company for a copy. It is free and they have to give you one to take always in your car together with the logbook of the car.


Here you have an example of the document in 2 languages, these photos can help you to understand better what you have to fill in . In the last photo you have all the instructions you need to follow.

If you do no have one in your car, or you have it in Spanish, please click here to download in English:

http://www.comfort-insurance.co.uk/…/uplo…/Accident_Form.pdf

Remember that when you have an accident you have 7 days to report your insurance company.

    

(Read other new traffic matters on the Facebook Page: "N332", please share this information.)

### Overtaking Slow Moving Vehicles

"What are the rules regarding overtaking a slow moving vehicle such as a mechanical digger or agricultural tractor on a road like the N332 where normal overtaking is not permitted?"
The Traffic Law says that when there is a solid line, you may overtake the following vehicles so long as their speed is low and you can overtake them in a safe way - Bicycles, mopeds, pedestrians, animals, and animals towing trailers.

There is no reference to agricultural tractors or mechanical diggers in the law, so in these cases you will have to wait behind them, although the drivers of these vehicles know that they have to pull over their vehicle when there is a traffic jam caused by their vehicle.

 

Reglamento General de Circulación

Art.88

	"Se podrá adelantar a conductores de bicicletas, ciclomotores, peatones, animales y vehículos de tracción animal, cuando por la velocidad a que circulen puedan ser adelantados sin riesgo para ellos ni para la circulación en general."

(Read other new traffic matters on the Facebook Page: "N332", please share this information.)

### Carrying a Load

"Could you please clarify for me the rules regarding what (if anything) you are allowed to carry on the rear seats of the car? I have heard so many conflicting stories. Thanks."
If you are driving a vehicle that is carrying a load in the car, you have to make sure that the load is restrained properly. Load restraint is not just about making sure that the load does not come off —it is also about making sure that the load does not shift in a way that makes the vehicle unsafe to handle or allows the load to crash into the driver’s cabin, which may cause injury or death.

Please restrain the load properly, if you have a traffic accident, you could have serious injuries caused by the load you carry.

The Spanish Traffic Law requires that any load carried on or in your vehicle must:

	Not be placed in a way that makes your vehicle unstable or unsafe.
	Be secured so it won’t move or fall from your vehicle while driving—including driving consisting of emergency braking or turning suddenly.
	Not project from your vehicle in a way that is likely to injure a person, obstruct the path of other drivers or pedestrians, or damage another vehicle or anything else.
	Be restrained using an appropriate load restraint method. Anything on the back seats must be secured with seat belt.

- What objects can you carry in your vehicle? /

- Do you take any security measure when you carry them?

It is advisable do not carry anything in the car, please use the boot. In case you need to carry load in the vehicle, use the seat belt to ensure the load, and if you carry heavy things, use a car net, it is forbidden to take heavy load without a load restraint net.

    

(Read other new traffic matters on the Facebook Page: "N332", please share this information.)

### V-20 - Protruding Load

Signal V-20

When an object overhangs from the back of the car, you have to display the signal V-20; a red and white striped reflective warning square on the back of the vehicle.

Regarding bycicles can not overhang any side of the car. But in this case we make an exception if it does not overhang a lot.


On the first photo you can see 2 posibilities:

1. When the bicycle does not hide the headlights of the car, you only need to put the signal V-20. You can use 1 or 2 signals.

2.When the bicycle hides headlights and plate you will have to use extra ligths/registration plate number.

On the second photo, you can see another examples for taking things. Remember to use signal V-20 to take somethig on the back of he car.

In cars the object only can overhang in the back side, and the maximum rear overhang is a 10% when the object can be divided in 2 parts, and 15% when is an indivisible object.





(Read other new traffic matters on the Facebook Page: "N332", please share this information.)

### Motorhome Insurance

"I have a UK registered motorhome in Spain as I do a lot of touring Europe I have it insured with a Spanish company. Is this legal or not, am I spending money for nothing, thank you"
1º. Tax Agency :

"When you are living in Spain more than 183 days you are considered RESIDENT so you must change the registration number of your car."

2º.Special Taxes Law

"Ley 38/1992, de 28 de diciembre, de Impuestos Especiales".

art. 65.1

	d) If you are resident you have 30 days to initiate the proceeding to change your registration plate number. 60 days if you have used the vehicle to move to Spain. (Removals).

3º. If you have not changed the of your vehicle after that period you can be fined, and your car can be removed to the police station.

Regarding to the insurance, you can contract the insurance of your car with all insurances companies that cover foreigner cars in other countries. You must inform them where you are living, and if they decide insure your vehicle, there will not be any problem with the police.

Spanish Insurance Law says "All motor vehicles and trailers must be insured when entering Spain.", and there is no difference between Spanish or European Insurance companies. The DGT wants all vehicles to have at least third-party vehicle insurance, which is the most basic motor insurance available, so in case of a traffic accident your insurance company response if you carry the car accident liability.

### What documents do I have to take in my car?

What documents do I have to take in my car?



Documents You Must Carry

When you drive a vehicle on Spain´s roads, it is compulsory for you to carry certain documents with you in the vehicle.

The ITV Card

An official document which relates to the technical inspection of the vehicle, the Inspección Técnica de Vehículos, or ITV.

ITV Report

Once your vehicle is 4 years old it will have to undergo the mandatory ITV test. The ITV report details what happened during that inspection.

Permiso de Circulacion

The Permiso de Circulacion is similar to what we might refer to as the log book for a vehicle, which contains information such as the number plate, the vehicle owner and other details.

There are also some documents which are not compulsory, but it is advisable that you carry them with you too.

Insurance Policy

Carrying the insurance policy is NOT compulsory as the information is contained on a central computer, however, if you are involved in an incident you will need to know your policy details for the Accident Agreement.

European Accident Agreement

Again, it is not compulsory to carry the European Accident form, but it is advisable as it will help you ensure data is recorded correctly in the event of an incident. The forms are available in multiple languages and a laid out the same, so it also makes it easier for bridging language gaps.

It is also not compulsory to carry the information relating to the annual tax paid to municipal town halls.

It is mandatory though that the documents you carry are the originals, not photocopies. The only copy that is allowed is one that has been stamped and certified by a Notary. Notarised copies of documents are allowed, but that is the only exception.

### V-04 - Limited Speed Sticker

What is a Speed Limit Sticker?

Speed Limit Stickers can be applied to a variety of vehicles which are limited to a certain speed. Speed Limit Stickers are ideal for vans, lorries ( HGV ), trucks, buses, caravans & construction vehicles plus many more. In France, it is advisable vehicles which have a gross train mass (GTM) over 3.5 tonnes to display a Kph speed limit sticker on the vehicle.

Speed Limit Stickers are ideal for limited speed vehicles.


In Spain the Speed Limit Sticker is compulsory in these 3 cases:

1. Special Vehicles (with VE letters in its plate number).

2. Vehicles who need an Special Authorization to be driven.

3. Drivers with restrictions in the Speed Limit for any medical reason.

In other cases, it is VOLUNTARY to install this signal.

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### Do I need to change my European driving licence?

Do I need to change my European driving licence?

A single driving licence for the whole EU.

The EU has introduced a harmonised licence model and further minimum requirements for obtaining a licence. This should help to keep unsafe drivers off Europe's roads - wherever they take their driving test.


We want to comment about this new law about changing the european driving licences. It only affects licences issued for more than 15 years ago or undefined. As you can see in this photo, British licences are issued for 10 years so if you have one of these, you do not have do anything.

Validity of European driving licences:

http://europa.eu/…/driving_licence_validity_national_data.p…

Click here and read the new: (in Spanish, sorry Emoticono frown )

http://www.dgt.es/…/20141229-NP-Renovacion-permiso-conducir…

What you need todo to renew your licence? (Step by Step)

http://www.dgt.es/…/NP-Renovacion-permiso-conducir-comunita… (Sorry, we do not have this information in English.)

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### England bans smoking in cars with children

Drivers in England will be banned from smoking in their cars if they are carrying children as passengers.

The move, which will become law on 1 October, follows a similar ban in Wales and aims to protect young people under 18 from second-hand smoke. Scotland is also considering introducing a ban.


Anyone found flouting the law in England could be fined £50.

The British Lung Foundation welcomed the ban as a victory, but smokers' group Forest said it was unenforceable.

It will not apply to anyone driving alone or driving in a convertible car with the top down.

The regulations were passed in the Commons after 342 MPs voted in favour of legislation while just 74 voted against.

More than 430,000 children are exposed to second-hand smoke in cars each week, according to the British Lung Foundation,

Passive smoke in children can increase the risk of asthma, meningitis and cot death, say public health experts.

Bans on smoking in cars when children are present already exist in some US states, including California, as well as in parts of Canada and Australia.

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### Spanish Traffic Laws

Spanish Traffic Laws

Where can I find information about all related to traffic matters?

If you have any doubt about any traffic matters, we would like to show you the 4 different books that there are about traffic matters. We do not have them in English, but we have attached a link of each one, where you can read them for free online, in Spanish.


1. Ley de Seguridad Vial. (Traffic Law)

http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_dat…/…/rdleg339-1990.html

2. Reglamento General de Circulación. (Driving Regulation)

http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_d…/Admin/rd1428-2003.html

3. Reglamento General de Vehículos. (Vehicles Regulation)

http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_d…/Admin/rd2822-1998.html

4. Reglamento General de Conductores (Drivers Regulation)

http://noticias.juridicas.com/base_da…/Admin/rd818-2009.html

From these books we publish all the information / answers.

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### Indicador de Cortesia

"INDICADOR DE CORTESIA"

Did you know is advisable to use your left indicator if you are not going to take the first exit?

This will inform the driver on the left lane that you are going to go ahead and the other driver will avoid changing to your lane.




When we use the indicator for this action, in Spain we say, to use the "Indicador de Cortesía", because it is advisable not compulsory to use it, and using this indicator when you go ahead in the roundabout, many accidents will be avoid.

Please use always your indicators in the roundabout, this is the way you have to give information to the other drivers about what you are going to do.



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### Mandatory Equipment When Driving In Spain

MANDATORY EQUIPMENT WHEN DRIVING IN SPAIN.

Now you can check if your car has all the compulsory equipment according to Spanish Traffic Law. In the first photo we have published the page of the Reglamento General de Vehiculos where you can read all you need carry in your car;

- Spare Wheel and tools to change the wheel.


- 1 HiViz jacket, 2 are advisable (for the passenger)

- 2 Warning Triangles. Warning triangles are being replaced and an approved emergency light is now okay.

- Fire Extinguisher (ONLY for vehicles towing a trailer and recommended for other vehicles).

- Medical Kit (Advisable, NOT compulsory).

- Flashlight (Advisable, NOT compulsory).

### Change of Address

"Can l change address on driving license without going to Alicante."
If your Town hall has a colaboration agreement with the Traffic Deparment you can do it in your Town hall, in other cases you will have to go to Alicante.

Please, click here and find out you can do it in your Town Hall:


http://www.dgt.es/…/Ayuntamientos-con-convenio_Cambio-de-do…

Remenber to carry your NIE and your new Padrón.


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### Secret Codes on the Driving Licence

CODE NUMBERS ON THE DRIVING LICENCE

Decoded: the secret code on the driving licence
Here you have the jumble of numbers: At first glance, the many figures on your driving licence are confusing. We will decode the secret key for you.

That is what is hidden behind the code numbers on the back, under the OBSERVATIONS section, numbered 12.
You have to wear:

01 You have to wear corrective lenses and/or eye protection if this has been expressly required by a doctor's note:

01.01 Glasses
01.02 Contact lenses
01.03 Safety glasses

02 You require a hearing/communication aid
03 You need a prosthetic/orthotic limb

05 Driving restrictions for medical reasons
05.01 You may only drive in daylight
05.02 Restriction to within a radius of ... km around your place of residence or within city limits/within the region ...
05.03 You may only drive without passengers/pillion riders
05.04 Restricted to a maximum permitted speed of ... km/h
05.05 Only with passengers holding a driving licence
05.06 Without trailers
05.07 Not valid on motorways
05.08 No alcohol

Please, look at the photo and check if you have the code 01, if you have it, you must wear glasses/ contact lenses while driving.



If you have been operated of sight and you do not need glasses any more, you will have to do an extra medical exam and send it to the Traffic Department, it will remove this code and issue a new driving licence.

### Carrying Bikes on Cars

"Can you advise if there is a limit to the number of bicycles you can carry on a rack located on the back of your car?"
The load can protrude depending on if you can divide it or not between a 10% (divisible) or 15% (when the load is unable to be indivisible or separated).
A bicycle is considered divisible load so depending on the length of you car, you can carry 1, 2, 3 or 4 bicycles.

Remember you also can use a rack roof to carry bicycles on the roof of the car.

### Children in Cars

"Until what age should a child be in a child seat, in a car?"
This does not depend on the age, but until they are 1.35 meters in height they have to use a restraint seat (baby seat, booster...), between 1,35 m and 1,50 m height you can choose what to use and from 1,50m height they have to use only the seat belt.


Reglamento General de Circulación

Art,17

2. La utilización de los cinturones de seguridad y otros sistemas de retención homologados por determinadas personas en función de su talla y edad, excepto en los vehículos de más de nueve plazas, incluido el conductor, se ajustará a las siguientes prescripciones:

a) Respecto de los asientos delanteros del vehículo:
Queda prohibido circular con menores de doce años situados en los asientos delanteros del vehículo, salvo que utilicen dispositivos homologados al efecto. Excepcionalmente, cuando su estatura sea igual o superior a 135 centímetros, los menores de doce años podrán utilizar como tal dispositivo el propio cinturón de seguridad para adultos de que estén dotados los asientos delanteros.

b) Respecto de los asientos traseros del vehículo:

1.º Las personas cuya estatura no alcance los 135 centímetros, deberán utilizar obligatoriamente un dispositivo de retención homologado adaptado a su talla y a su peso.
2.º Las personas cuya estatura sea igual o superior a 135 centímetros y no supere los 150 centímetros, podrán utilizar indistintamente un dispositivo de retención homologado adaptado a su talla y a su peso o el cinturón de seguridad para adultos.
c) Los niños no podrán utilizar un dispositivo de retención orientado hacia atrás instalado en un asiento del pasajero protegido con un airbag frontal, a menos que haya sido desactivado, condición que se cumplirá también en el caso de que dicho airbag se haya desactivado adecuadamente de forma automática.

   

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### How to Adjust Your Seat Belt

How to Adjust Your Seat Belt

The wearing of seat belts can reduce the risk of injury during a car crash. When used properly, they provide drivers and passengers of motorized vehicles with increased protection. However, when used improperly, their ability to provide this safety is compromised. Proper seat belt adjustments are necessary to allow the restraints to work effectively.

Wear a diagonal belt across the upper chest.


Drivers often complain that this strap is uncomfortable, and they sometimes slip this behind their backs. However, when you do this, the belt's ability to protect you from injury is decreased. Seat belts are designed to distribute force upon two areas of the body. Without this diagonal strap in place, this is impossible. If the strap is uncomfortable for you or your children, purchase a padded seat belt cover.

  

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### Hire Car Equipment

"When hiring a car, for example at an airport, who has the responsibility to ensure that the warning triangles and high visibility vests are in the car as required by Spanish law?"
It is the responsibility of the hire company to check that the logbook and the vehicle´s equipment is ok before renting the car to a client.

So if you are stopped by the Guardia Civil, the owner will be responsible for an improperly equipped vehicle you have hired, unless the hire company can prove they gave you the car with all those things.

The fines related to insurance /ITV/ vehicle´s equipment / Logbook, are always for the owner who is responsible of the car.

### Carrying Pets in Cars

"What is the fine for carrying an unrestrained pet in your vehicle if stopped by the police?"
REGLAMENTO GENERAL DE CIRCULACIÓN.

Artículo 18 Otras obligaciones del conductor

1. El conductor de un vehículo está obligado a mantener su propia libertad de movimientos, el campo necesario de visión y la atención permanente a la conducción, que garanticen su propia seguridad, la del resto de los ocupantes del vehículo y la de los demás usuarios de la vía. A estos efectos, deberá cuidar especialmente de mantener la posición adecuada y que la mantengan el resto de los pasajeros, y la adecuada colocación de los objetos o animales transportados para que no haya interferencia entre el conductor y cualquiera de ellos.

The fine = 80 euro.

This is the article we apply in these cases, the pet cannot be loose in the car for security reasons.

### Overtaking multiple vehicles

Overtaking multiple vehicles.

Staying safe on the road should be paramount for every driver. Overtaking is one of the leading causes of accidents and there’s a lot to think about.

This seemingly simple manoeuvre accounts for a high rate of fatalities over the Christmas break, second only to driver fatigue, and if poorly executed can quickly turn a few seconds on the wrong side of the road into a nightmare.


Often the problem is a lack of familiarity with either the geography and/or the ability of the car under conditions we as drivers are not accustom to. All year there’s usually you – the driver – and little else in the car, but on holidays with a car full of kids, clothes, kit and caboodle, the driving dynamics of your car are changed dramatically.

1- Is it illegal to overtake 2 cars at the same time on a single lane road?
2- Can the last vehicle (the green Volvo) overake all the vehicles in front of it?

1- If you have looked far enough in the distance and are sure there are no cars oncoming that you are going to conflict with, no hidden dips where oncoming cars might be and no offside lay-bys or junctions on either side….you are confident of the performance of your vehicle….you have been watching the drivers in front and are aware of their vehicles and their potential intentions….and you also have somewhere to go if it starts to look ‘close – exit strategy’….then……….. overtake.

If the cars are spaced out enough for you to overtake one and have enough space (if needed) to move back (without causing the driver you’ve overtaken to brake)..treat each car as an overtake….ie: if there are 7 cars it’s seven overtakes….

However, if the cars are bunched up together with no room to get back in….you have to treat the 7 cars as one overtake. Imagine it as a huge long goods vehicle. So if you don’t have enough power in your car and road ahead to pass all of them safely in one go…then don’t do it..

2- Regarding the Volvo, although there is a broken line there are two lorries which hide the oncoming traffic from the curve a few meters ahead. So it is not advisable to do it until you have a better visibility.

### Trailer Registration

"Is it possible to register and matriculate a SMALL trailer (remolque) manufactured in the UK - where the law allows the trailer to carry the registration number of the vehicle that tows it - on to Spanish plates. The trailer is already in Spain. The person who drove the car to Spain with the trailer behind, has paperwork, but NOT for the trailer, as it is not necessary in the UK."
1- Is it possible to register it in Spain?
2- Does it need a registration plate number?

(Remember to carry an extinguisher when you tow a trailer !!!)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1st photo).Remolque LIGERO:
Trailers which carry less than 750 kg will need an ITV card, so you will have to go to an ITV Station where they will check your trailer and if the trailer passes the test, you will receive your ITV card. You DO NOT NEED an extra "Permiso de Circulación", you will have to put the registration number plate of your car on the back of the trailer.



(2nd photo). Remolque PESADO:
Trailers which carry more than 750 kg will need apart from the ITV card , a new "Permiso de Circulación" which you have to be issued from the Traffic Deparment in Alicante, taking the ITV card, your trailer will get a registration plate number. (Red Plate). You will have to put the registration plate number of your car TOGETHER WITH the trailer registration number on the back of the trailer.



(3rd photo) ITV card + Permiso Circulación (only for Heavy Trailers).



There 2 ways of getting an Itv card.

1. Taking the European homologation document together with your trailer .You go with your trailer to the Itv and after testing the trailer you get the Itv card.

2. When you do not have any paper of the trailer, Itv can carry a test of your trailer and inform you if you can get an Itv card and make a new one for you. This process is expensive, sometimes it is better to buy a trailer with the Itv card. Remember that not all trailers can be homologated in the Itv, so ask an Itv station before buying one with no Itv card.

An engineer will make the homologation if your trailer was built under European Regulations.

### Buying a Used Spanish Registered Car from a Dealer in England

"I want to buy a Spanish registered car from a dealer in England. How do I ensure that I have all the correct papers, and can I get insurance and ITV before I drive it it back to Spain?"
It is important to do proper research before buying a used car, like running a Vehicle History Report to discover any unknown issues.

You can get the Vehicle Report from:

1.From the DGT website, www.dgt.es (click in Informe del Vehiculo and follow the instructions).



2. Directly from the Traffic Offices in Alicante.

https://sede.dgt.gob.es/Galerias/tramites-y-multas/tu-coche/informe-de-vehiculo/04/04-Informe-vehiculo-INGLES-30-12-2014.pdf

3. There are several web pages where you can get the Vehicle Report quickly.

http://www.e-informes.es/

Regarding to the ITV / Insurance:

- If the ITV has expired you have 2 options: tow your car on a trailer or take it to a MOT Center and carry an extra MOT Test. If you are stopped by the Spanish police, they want to check if your car is roadworthy so this is the best option to prove it, doing it in an official center - MOT Station.

- You can insure your car in the UK, there are many car insurance companies who work in Spain and UK, it does not matter if you have a Spanish registration plate. If you are going to live in Spain, do it online with a Spanish insurance company.

You can insure your car in the UK, there are many car insurance companies who work in Spain and UK, it does not matter if you have a Spanish registration plate. If you are going to live in Spain, do it online with a Spanish car insurance company.

### Electric Bike Insurance

Do I have to insure my electric bicycle?
NO, your bicycle does not have to be insured, it is only an OPTION. Please read the following article we think it is quite interesting:

Why Bicycle Insurance is important.


Many people assume that their bike is covered on their home contents insurance policy. Some home insurers include cycle cover as standard, but the bike will often only be insured if it is inside the property or secured in an outbuilding. In other words, if your bike is stolen from the back garden, your insurer will not pay out.

You would also be unable to claim on your standard contents policy if the theft took place outside the railway station or the local supermarket.

You can often extend your home insurance to cover your bike when it is outside the house. Alternatively, a number of firms offer specialist bicycle insurance to cater for the growing number of cycle enthusiasts. The policy wordings vary, but most cover your bike against theft, whether inside or outside the home. You should not, however, be careless with your bicycle. If your bike is not secured with an approved lock, the insurer could reject the claim.

Bicycle insurance does not only cover theft, but should also pay out for accidental damage or vandalism. Check too whether the policy includes third party liability cover, in case you injure another person or damage their car or bicycle. The number of cyclists on the roads these days means that accidents are more common place, so it's wise to take out suitable insurance.

If you are worried that you might be stranded on a country road if your bike gets a puncture or the wheel falls off, you might want to consider cycle breakdown cover. It works in much the same way as car breakdown cover and is a popular add-on to a bicycle insurance policy.
It doesn't matter whether you are a casual cyclist with your trusty two wheels or a hard core enthusiast with a custom made trial bike, cycle insurance can be tailor made to meet your needs.

### Children in Bike Trailers

Answers to the questions:

1. Can you carry children in this trailer?
2. Can you carry them from birth right through until they can ride on their own or what is the limit age?
3. How many children can you carry in it?
4. Where can you use it, streets/roads, both?




We find the answer in the Reglamento General de Circulacion, article n°12, section 4c.

"It is strictly forbidden to take people in the trailer when you are cycling ON ROADS".



In the coming months this will modified but until it changes you only can take animals, not persons.

In the cities this rule can be regulated by municipal laws. For this reason you can see this trailer in the parks of some cities (photo n°3), but never on the roads (photo n°4).

### Can I install a Dashcam in my car?

Can I install a Dashcam in my car?
If you install a tiny camera on a side of your windscreen and record constantly with no help from the driver, and the camera do not obscure your vision when driving, it is LEGAL.

The video can be used as evidence for accidents/incidents in a trial, and it would be very helpful if all cars would have one, then we could see the accident from different points of view and see who was the responsible easily.


Nowadays there are many devices to film in public places, you have to take care what you do with the video you are recording. If you decided to publish on internet you could have problems if any of the persons who you have filmed, do not want to be published on the website. We have the example of google which have taken photos in everywhere, but it can not show people faces

Here you can read a new about a sentence where it is legal to film police when they are working as a public employees:

http://www.abc.es/espana/20140421/abci-grabar-policias-201404211550.html



 

### Choose Your Lane

If you are driving on a motorway and there are 3 lanes, which lane do you have to use if you are in the grey car?.


On a three-lane dual carriageway, you may use the middle lane or the left-hand lane to overtake but return to the middle and then the right-hand lane when it is safe.

If there are no cars in any lane, please use always the right lane.

### How can I transfer a car by myself

How can I transfer a car by myself?
If you have bought a car, remember you have 15 days to transfer it into your name. We are going to explain step by step how to do it;

- Write on the sale contract date/hour. From that moment you will be the provisional owner.
- You will need to take to the Traffic Office the following documents;

1- Sales Contract (signed by both parties)
2- Photocopy of the seller´s id.
3- Logbook (Permiso de Circulación and Itv). Both originals.
4- Last year Suma Tax.
5- Application to change the ownership which is the "Solicitud Cambio de Titularidad". You can download it from dgt webpage or get one in the Traffic office.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

When you have all these documents, call the number 060, to make an appointment.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Go to the TAX OFFICE (Hacienda) and pay the TAX "Transfer Tax" (Transmisiones Patrimoniales, model 620). You can download this model from the webpage of the Ministry of Treasury. (www.agenciatributaria.es)

After paying the tax, go to the TRAFFIC OFFICE, where you will have to pay a FEE (depending of the vehicle you are going to buy; car, motorbike...) and give them the receipt you got when you pay the model 620 together with all 6 documents.

In a few minutes you will have the vehicle transfered into your name.

Good luck!

### Fire Extinguishers

Did you know you must carry a fire extinguisher in your car when you are towing a trailer?

It is advisable to carry one in the car at all times, but it is not mandatory, it is only required when you use the trailer.

### Where Can You Park?

Sometimes, finding the correct and legal place to park can be confusing, especially in a town or city we haven't visited before. However, there are some standards which we can look out for to make things easier and avoid being towed away and fined.



Where can you park your car?



In this picture we can see how the neighbuor (nº 2) has a Vado sign above the garage door, and there is a solid yellow line in front of the garage and another solid yellow line painted over the broken white lines, that means it is forbidden to park in front of the garage.







But in the other 2 cases:



Nº1 (the right of the picture) - Another neighbour decided that it was enough with one Vado and has widened the yellow line to cover the righthand garage door, as you can see, painting the pavement with a solid yellow line too, but just in front of this line there are broken white lines where parking is allowed. If you have any doubt check that there is no Vado in the entrance. Each garage has to have its own Vado.



Nº3 (the left of the picture) - It is the same case than number 1, the owner of the shop has decided to widen the solid yellow line. As you can see there are solid white lines where parking is allowed and there is no Vado visible.



When a solid yellow line is painted in the pavement it means the parking it is not allowed, so any broken white line has to be erased, because if you see a broken white it line means the parking is allowed, so there can not be two different lines painted in the same place which means the opposite.



Vado means you cannot park!



On the photo below we can see that a car is parked in front of a garage displaying a Vado sign. This is not allowed. Many people optain a Vado for their property and then park there themselves. This is not permitted. If you have a Vado, nobody is allowed to park, including the property owner.

### Bikes and Pedestrian Crossings

Can I ride my bike over pedestrian crossings?



There is sometimes a little bit of confusion over the use of pedestrian crossings by bicycle riders, confused as to whether they can ride their bike over a pedestrian crossing. The simple answer to the question is NO, because pedestrian crossings are for pedestrians.



Of course, if a bicycle is following the path of traffic, then they can ride over the crossing, we are talking about the path of pedestrians, from pavement to pavement for example.







Why can't I ride my bike on a pedestrian crossing?



When you are on the bicycle, it is considered a vehicle, and vehicles are not allowed to follow the path of pedestrians crossing. If you are on a bicycle, you may cross if you get off the bike and walk with it. Now, you are a pedestrian once again.







In the event of a car driver being unable to stop when a bike is crossing in front, if the cyclist is going very fast into the zebra crossing and the driver was not able to see them with enough time to break, in the event of incident the cyclist will be the liable and if lacking insurance may find themselves having to make a large payout for damages.



What about other lanes?



In some areas there are special cycle lanes, these sometimes pass alongside the pedestrian crossing, in that case the cyclists do not have to go walk and may cycle over their part of the crossing.

### Transporting a Bicycle

How to transport a bicycle on the back of your car?



The bicyle is a useful form of transport for many, healthy, economical, fun, but in some cases bike owners need to carry their bicycle on their car, and although there are many ways of doing this, one of the most popular involves fitting a bike carrying rack to the rear of the car. 



These bike carrying racks are very useful, but there are conditions for their use, such as the bike having to be secure, but they must also not prevent vivibility of items such as the vehicle's rear lights or number plate, and if they do, then repeaters must be provided on the frame.



Your bike is not permitted to be carried in this way if it results in extending beyond certain width guides of the carrying vehicle.



The bicycle can not overhang any side of the car. But in this case we make an exception if it does not overhang a lot.



We have another article regarding the width and overhang of a bike, in this article we are talking about the lights and number plate.



Here you can see 2 options:



1. When the bicycle does not hide the lights of the car, you only need to put the signal V-20. You can use 1 or 2 signals.







2.When the bicycle hides lights and plate you will have to use extra lights and number plate.







In the other photo you can see another examples for taking things. Remember to use signal V-20 to take something on the back of the car.

### Vehicle Registration Document

In 2015, the DGT Traffic Department started to issue a new Vehicle Registration Document (log book) which showed when the ITV (Mot) of your car expires, and the genuine kilometres.

The Vehicle Registration Document (Permiso de Circulacion) is the equivelent to the car's log book.

The Traffic Office will get this information directly from the ITV stations so when you buy a car you will get all this information.

Remember you do not have to renew the Registration Document the next time you go to the ITV station, this is only of information for the buyer.

The Vehicle Registration Document is one of the documents you must carry in your vehicle, along with the ITV Card, and the ITV inspection report.

### Traffic Police Taking to Pedal Power

Guardia Civil traffic cops have taken to two wheeled pedal power in certain parts of Spain, in order to monitor whether vehicles give the mandatory 1.5 metre distance when passing.

What might come as a nasty surprise to those who don´t give enough room is the fact that the Guardia Civil are disguised as normal cyclists, with other officers waiting to penalise those offending drivers with a 200 euro fine.

In addition to the undercover surveillance, the Pagasus helicopter mounted radar is also monitoring traffic for the same reason.

Depending on the results of the first phase of testing, the DGT may decide to make the cycle unit a permanent department within their armoury against bad drivers, a move applauded by professional cyclist associations around the country.

### Big Brother is Watching

As many a driver goes about the daily routine of travelling from A to B, we can all accept that we don´t always drive within the confines of the law. Whether it´s that sneaky 5 kilometres an hour over the limit or not fully coming to a halt at the “STOP” sign, or even the occasional acknowledgement that we know we are doing something seriously wrong, but it´s ok because there are no Guardia about. Well, it might be time to think again!

As you go about your journey, your vigilance may be somewhat tuned in to watching for the green and white vehicles, with men and women from the Tráfico department of the Guardia Civil, waiting to catch us out and, some might say, earn a quick few euro off the back of our driving infractions. In fact, although the data is never officially released, it is believed that traffic violations bring in over 400 million euro in revenue. But where does our own surveillance end? Do we ever consider that Big Brother is watching, but not from the roadside, or the unmarked car, but from above, in one of 18 helicopters that are operated by the DGT traffic department, in seven bases across Spain, with the single aim of patrolling the road network to catch us out.

In 2011, these helicopters conducted a total of 5,729.50 hours of flying times, mostly during the day, with only 107.04 of that amount being conducted at night time. During their operations, they filed reports for traffic violations against 7,680 vehicles, for offences such as crossing the white line in inappropriate places, to using a mobile phone whilst driving, two of the most common violations reported by the eagle eyed operators at 300 metres above the ground.

The airborne team at Madrid conducted a total of 1,809 hours of flight in 2011, in Coruña it was 410 hours, Malaga was 864, the Sevilla team clocked up 596 hours, there were 907 hours of flight for the Valencia crew, Valladolid did 572 and the team in Zaragoza clocked up 571 hours.

But, as is the case with everything technological, things are evolving. Later this year, the helicopters will also be fitted with a new speed monitoring system, “Project Pegasus”, a radar system in which the DGT has been working on since 2006. Having chosen the target vehicle, the system fires a laser pulse every three seconds that it obtains a path through its various changes of position. By adding the time variable, the system obtains the average speed of an error ratio between 0 and 1%.

So, as well as your alertness of road level inspections, keep an eye out for these yellow and blue buzzards that might be flying above you. Of course, if you drive within the letter of the law, you have nothing to worry about, but if you don´t, just remember that Big Brother IS watching.